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A49337 Of the subject of church power in whom it resides, its force, extent, and execution, that it opposes not civil government in any one instance of it / by Simon Lowth ... Lowth, Simon, 1630?-1720. 1685 (1685) Wing L3329; ESTC R11427 301,859 567

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are the Separate for the Ministry who are set apart by themselves and in Substitution and can produce their Seals and Credentials must first shew and give proof of their own Power derivative and that such was first given them of God deposited in their hands as the common Magazine or Store-house to be dispensed at their wills and discretion as the Harvest requires and the Labourers are sent forth into it and that for whom soever they shall lift up their hands or stretch them out to choose and make Election of shall receive the Holy Ghost the Powers of Sacred Orders or of the Keys in the same act be conferr'd upon them and which can never be prov'd that it was given to the People or Believers in common the gratia gratis data and the gratia gratum faciens the gifts of Sanctification and Edification as they speak as in their own Nature and Extent do not reach to and imply one another always place themselves together in one and the same Subject by any one Necessity whatsoever every man is not wise in the same degree that he is good nor Holy according to his Knowledge Power and Godliness do not still go together no more then do all those other Gifts and Charity mentioned and dislodged by Saint Paul 1 Cor. 12.13 the honest report of those seven Men full of the Holy Ghost and Wisdom did not create them thereby and in the immediate Power and Virtue of it Church-Officers or Deacons till set before the Apostles and they pray'd and laid their hands on them Acts 6. and so in the Consecration of all other Orders So neither do we find under any one Dispensation since the World was that by any one positive superinduced Order and Constitution these Land-marks were removed that the separate Power of the Priesthood was ever laid common promiscuously and indefinitely placed in all Subjects in every one in particular all those that either owned its Use and Power that either pleaded or reaped any benefit by it Before the Law God placed it in and limited it to the Primogeniture the first-born and chief of the Family At the first giving and under the Law he brought it into lesser compass and subjected it in Aaron and his Family in Succession And our Saviour Jesus Christ ascending upon high and giving his Gifts unto Men when to plant and propagate his Church throughout the whole World he had rent indeed the Veyl of the Temple in sunder at his Death taken down the Partition-Wall betwixt Jew and Gentile the inclosure was laid open and the Aaronical Priesthood had an end but there was still to be Separates for the guiding and conducting Men to Heaven and officiating to that end before God a Priesthood was still to be continued though settled by a new Commission and of another Nature a Power devolved and limited to select special Persons also and not Universal as was to be the Believers And he gave some Apostles and some Prophets and some Evangelists and some Pastors and Teachers for the perfecting of the Saints for the work of the ministry for the edifying of the Body of Christ till we all come in the unity of the Faith and the knowledge of the Son of God unto a perfect Man unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ that we henceforth be no more children tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of Doctrine by the sleight of men and cunning craftiness whereby they lye in wait to deceive But speaking the truth in love may grow up into him in all things which is the head even Christ from whom the whole body fitly joyned together and compacted by that which every joynt supplyeth according to the effectual working in the measure of every part maketh increase of the body unto the edifying of it self in love Ephes 4.8 11 12 13 14 15 16. Are all Apostles are all Prophets are all Teachers are all workers of miracles have all the gifts of healing do all speak with tongues do all interpret 1 Cor. 12.29 30. or could we admit of that absurder precarious state of Nature contended for by some supposing once an equality in all men and that to all things every one as coming into the world had a right and title to every thing a share and interest in each Benefit Office and Duty and suitably as their Maker was to be publickly served and worshipped so could each one officiate in and discharge the Performance or devolve and transfer his right on whom he please or as occasion a Mistake of the Learned Hugo Grotius himself in his Posthumous work De Imperio summarum potestatum in Sacris cap. 2. sect 4. though the fruit of his earlier and indigested Brain nor is Spalatensis to be acquitted in the point De Repub. Christ lib. 1. cap. 12. yet all this is superseded by an after-positive Institution and which is acknowledged by Grotius in the fore-quoted place and 't is the appointments of our Saviour that is to be our guide and rule especially since himself has put a perpetual Sanction in this our very case and to endure all along with his Kingdom as above Ephes 4. or if the obstinacy of some and such there are will still persist and tell it out That this inclosure was notwithstanding this yet made common and the Power resolved again into the Multitude they are to give Evidence both of the first Translation and after Matter of Fact how it so descended Church-Power nor indeed any other is not a private Presumption secretly infused whether on a Multitude or particular Persons 't is what was once deposited in certain hands the effect whereof is visible in the Succession of Persons deriving the Autority which they claim from the visible act of those Persons that are intrusted with it There must be some known Aera or publick visible date of its issuing out some distinctive mark of its coming some outward badge of its cognizance that the Conscientious Enquirer may receive Satisfaction when demanding in Sincerity what Zedekiah the Son of Chenaanah did of Micaiah in contempt and with reproach Which way went the spirit of the Lord to speak unto thee 1 Kings 22.24 thus to ask a sign had been no more to tempt the Lord then it had been in King Ahaz had he done it Isai 7. but on the contrary a Duty and St. Jerome gives the reason in his Commentaries on that place Tamen jussus ut peteret obedientia debet explere praeceptum therefore because God had commanded and expects it And St. Jerome there goes on and therefore compares Ahab to the Idol-Worshippers who are led by their own fancies that places his Altar in the corners of the Streets in each Mountain and Grove Et pro Levitis habebat Fanaticos non vult signum petere quod praeceptum est for Levites take Fanatiques to officiate in God's Worship such as were not sent nor called as was Aaron a word
Calvin and Beza themselves did not believe to he in any other on Earth besides that trick that all Power was radically and virtually in the Presbyters Orders was not then invented and their pretended Power must be either of Man or from Heaven there can be but one of these two ways proposed the one failing the other must be introduced otherwise there must be an universal failure of the Power it self and therefore they are sent as was Christ Jesus as were his Apostles and the Disciples in the Acts and so necessary is it that Calvin still go for an Apostle by all such as now claim a Succession from him 'T is soundly as well as wittily argued by the Author of those Questions and Answers going under the name of Justin Martyr Respons ad Quest 78. ad Orthodox the Child which was illegitimate by Bathsheba died God would not have Christ descend in the Flesh but by such as were born to David by lawful Marriage his descent as the Son of David was to be in the legally received way and such are to be his descents according to the Spirit it is by a due and regular course and succession he devolves and continues his Power amongst us is his Kingdom supported And though there has been several cases in Church Story and Plea's and Bandyings about the validity of Ordinations and some Irregularities as to Canon have been passed by and the Ordination notwithstanding admitted but yet where it plainly appear'd that the Person ordaining was no Bishop himself nor receiv'd that Power by a devolved Succession which he pretended to give to others all debates presently ended the Ordination was I cannot say nulled and voided because declared to be none at all as in the case of Maximus Cynicus Can. 4. Conc. 2. Gen. Constantinop for this it is Socrates Hist Eccl. l. 1. c. 27. tells us that Ischyras was reputed worthy of many Deaths 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that having attained to no one degree of the Priesthood he durst attempt to officiate in holy Things no one Plea of Necessity or Circumstance whatever could gain a liberty for this or but a connivance In some cases the Canons were dispensed with and in time of Persecutions Bishops might attend and officiate in foreign Ordinations and so they did as we read in Sozomen Hist Eccl. l. 7. cap. the common safety and succession of the Church was their great aym and particular Rules and Canons had no force in such cases Thus we read Can. 2. Conc. 2. Gen. Constantinop of some distant barbarous Countries which had no Bishops planted among them and there it was lawful for any Bishop to Ordain that they could either procure or of himself would take the pains And so it appears also from Can. 102. Conc. Carthag that several discerptions and regions there were which had not their proper Bishops and the same in all probability was the case of the Church of Carthage an account of which we have from Victor in his History De Persecutione Vandalorum l. 2. pag. 627. as bound up with the tripartite History who tells us there was no Bishop there for twenty four years together till Zeno the Emperor interposed with Hunnericus the King of the Vandals who had invaded Africa and Eugenius was consecrated their Bishop and this the London Ministers have observ'd to our hands in their Divine right of the Evangelical Ministry cap. 5. pag. 80. with what Zeal and how many Miles some have travelled for Episcopal Ordination and that our Neighbours in Scotland did not do the same admitting what is pretended that once they had only Presbyters among them I could never yet meet with any thing to convince us Sure I am their having none of their own does not imply they used none the instances above given refute a necessity of that or if they did not but consecrated one another such as urge it a Pattern to all Christian Churches ought first to have given the world Satisfaction that it was not their imperfection their guilt and indeed Insolency and Usurpation in so doing But when Musaeus and Eutichianus who were no Bishops had ordained and Gaudentius the Bishop of the place did contend to have their Ordinations valid and confirm'd by that Synod and gave the very same reason why it should be confirmed because at that time Troubles and Seditions were many and there seemed a necessity for what they had done his Reasons were not accepted of Necessity and other accidents do plead for and excuse what is only uncanonical but where want of Power in general it does not And Hosius that most Holy and Reverend Bishop stood up and publickly declared in the Council that we ought indeed all to be quiet and meek and to contend for it but neither Eutichianus nor Musaeus were Bishops had any Power at all for what they pretended and therefore their Consecration was invalid and themselves were only to be admitted into Lay Communion of all which who so pleases may have an account Can. 18 19. Conc. Sardic with the Scholia's of Balsamon and Zonaras and the Annotations of William Beveridge these are certain Rules Habere namque aut tenere Eccelsiam nullo modo potest qui Ordinatus in Ecclesia non est he cannot any ways have or hold a Place in the Church who is not ordained in the Church Cypr. Ep. 76. Sine successione Sacerdotum totus ordo cadit without a succession of Priests the whole Order falls St. Jerome lib. 2. adv Lucifer Tom. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 where the Succession is cut off a Communication of the Holy Ghost ceaseth Can. 1. St. Basilii ad Amphilochium apud Pandect Can. Beveridg § XXXV AND now I hope this Objection is fully answered that the Church can be no Body separate and apart from the State because no Powers and Officers of its own nothing outward sensible and coercive and consequently with neither Rewards nor Penalties annexed all must return into the Prince or set up against the soveraignty of him if at all and in being for the Church's rise and original is sufficiently declared to be from another Fountain its imbodying and incorporation to be apart with its own Powers and Acts Offices and Officers Laws and Rules Rewards and Penalties Censures and Punishments Hopes and Expectations And all different from that of the Soveraign in the State no ways against the either Power or Soveraignity of him the influences distinct but no ways so opposite to one another as thwarting or destructive Fratres dicuntur habentur qui unum Deum patrem agnoverunt unum spiritum biberunt sanctitatis qui de uno utero ignorantiae ejusdem ad unam lucem expaverunt veritatis as Tertullian describes the incorporation Apol. cap. 30. Christians are called and accounted Brethren who have acknowledged one God and Father who have drank of one Spirit of holiness who have broke through with astonishment one Womb of Ignorance into one Light and Truth I do