Advertise thee Balaam called a South-sayer chapter XXIV verse 14 Josh. XIII 22. and a Prophet 2 Pet. II. 16. gives this advertisement to Balak which seems to have a relation to that which follows in the residue of that Chapter Yet besides he gives counsel to Balak or at least after to the Midianites to draw the Israelites into sinne Num. XXXI 16. which coming so to passe He himself in his return is slaine by the sword amongst the Midianites Num. XXXI 8. in that Expedition wherein Joshuah though not named may seeme to be the General and Phineas chief of the Priests sounding Trumpets in that warre wherein 12000. Israelites not having one man slaine did yet slay five Kings of Midian or Dukes of Sihon dwelling in the Countrey as it is Josh. XIII 21. and all the males of that populous Nation save such as escaped by flight whose posterities in the dayes of Gideon came to prevaile against Israel Judg. VI. 1 2. And they took a mighty prey and booty whereout after Purifications of themselves and the Prey there was paid a tribute and portion to the Priests and a portion to the Levites and a voluntary Oblation after made by the Captaines to the Lord Num. XXXI Of the 24000. chapter XXV verse 9 that died in the Plague and stroak of Gods vengeance the 23000. mentioned 1 Cor. X. 8. likely were the vulgar sort that died in the slaughter Num. XXV 5. and the other thousand were the heads of the people hung up ver 4. without supposing any Pestilence at that time Or if by Plague Num. XXV 9. Psal CVI. 30. we understand the Pestilence then most probably the 23000. died of it and the other thousand by Hanging and Slaughter 22200. chapter XXVI verse 14 In this last numbering of the people in the Plains of Moab in the fourtieth year of their wandering in the Wildernesse Simeon was farre the least in number and Judah the most And the whole number of fighting men of the twelve Tribes after that generation died in the Wildernesse upon that judgement Numb XIV 29 35. and upon sundry other judgements besides was now 1820. lesse in number then in the former numbering at Mount Sinai thirty nine years before 23000. And so but 700 more then they were in the former numbering at Sinai Ch. III. verse 62 Being likely not altogether free from that sinne and punishment Num. XIII and XIV Sin This Wildernesse differs from Zin chapter XXXIII verse 11 ver 36. This being the eighth Station of the Israelites that of Zin the thirty third which is Kadesh where Miriam died as was said Num. XXXIII 11 36. Rephidim See the Observations on Ch. verse 14 XXVIII 8. Abarim Pluraly verse 47 Mountains being a continuation of Mountains or Hills Num. XXXIII 47. in the Confines of the Amorites and Moabites whereof the tops had several names as Nebo Pisgah Pehor But Mount Sinai was none of them being farre enough of Salt Sea Is not that Lake of Genesareth chapter XXXIV verse 3 But only that Dead Sea and Salt Sea where formerly Sodom and Gomorrah Admah and Zeboim had stood Deut. XXIX 23. Hos. XI 8. Riblah Riblah in the Land of Hamath part of the East border of Canaan near the North quarter Here Pharaoh-Nechoh put Jehoahaz in bonds 2 Kings XXIII 33. And Nebuchadnezzar put King Zedekiah in bonds and put out his eyes 2 King XXV 6 7. And slew the High Priest and second Priest and the sonnes of Zedekiah and other prime men ver 18 21. Jer. LII 10 27. This Riblah seems to be that which was afterwards called Antiochia in Syria Of this see my Annotations on Ezek. XI 10 11. Chinnereth Num. XXXIV 11. Deut. III. 17. Josh. XI 2. and XII 27. and XIX 35. is called in the New Testament Genezareth Luke V. 1. which Lake is also called the Sea of Galilee Matth. IV. 18. Mark I. 16. And the Sea of Tiberias Josh. XXI 1. And absolutely the Sea Matth. XVII 27. Suburbs The Suburbs of the Cities of the Priests chapter XXXV verse 4 and Levites were 1000. Cubits from the Cities on every side And so 2000. in the limits and utmost Bounds and Borders of each Quarter East West North and South Fourty eight Cities See Josh. verse 7 XX. and XXI and 1 Chron. 6. compared together and the Great Annotations upon the said sixth Chapter Shall not be guilty The innocent man verse 27 that by meere accident against his will slew a man might yet as it seemes be lawfully slaine by the revenger of blood if he took him without the Citie of refuge Which the more shews the wrath of God against murder Onely to the family Israelites might marry wives of other Tribes chapter XXXVI verse 6 so that they were not inheritrixes of Land Num. XXXVI Yea of other Nations if they were Proselytes and not of those Nations which God expressely devoted to destruction Deut. VII 3. and XXI 10 13. Of their marriages with Heathens and mixing the holy seed See Ezra IX and X. Ch. Neh. IX 2. and X. 30. and XIII 3. 23 30. Deuteronomie DEUTERONOMIE was written in the yeare of the world not 2493. But in the year 2553. or rather 2548. thirty eight years and odde moneths from the time of the beginning of the Book of Numbers And about 1450 years before Christ's time It containes to the fifteenth Verse of the last Chapter an History of one moneth and seven dayes viz From moneth eleven day one to moneth twelve day seven at which time Moses died as hath been formerly gathered upon Aarons death See and compare together Deut. I. 3. and XXXIV 8. and Josh. IV. 19. In which short time the Book was written by Moses And besides sundry Repetitions and Explications other new Lawes given A second Edition as it were of the Covenant made with the new Generation with some other Consequences and last Acts of Moses The last Chapter of Deuteronomie was written after Moses his death As likewise the Conclusion of the Book of Jeremie was written after his Death Jer. LI. 64. and LII 31 34. And that XXXIV Chapter contains one moneth more of the Israelites mourning for the death of Moses This Book of Deuteronomie and that of the Psalmes are of chief note in the Old Testament for the Life of Religion the spiritual power of Worship and Obedience in the inner man Yet this Book of Deuteronomie seemes not to be that which was to be written very plainly upon great stones plaistered in Mount Ebal For that was the Decalogue only or those Blessings and Curses only Deut. XXVII 2 26. Josh. VIII 30 35. Nor seemes it to be this book of Deuteronomie only that was to be Copied out by the King and He to read therein all the dayes of his life Deut. XVII v. 18 19 20. Not yet seemes it to be this book only that was to be solemnly read by the Priests every seventh or Sabbatical year in the Feast of Tabernacles in the audience of
points and circumstances easily to be gathered and understood Deut. XI 26 30. and XXVII 12 26 This was done in the first year of their coming over Jordan Josh. VIII 32 35. when and where were read likewise all the words of the Law of Moses before all the Congregation of Israel With ships Ships besides the Ark of Noah chapter XXVIII verse 68 are first mentione in Jacobs blessing of Zebulun Gen. XLIX 13. and in Moses his threatning the Israelites in this place Not given Gods hand in giving and working of Grace chapter XXIX verse 4 See Ch. XXX 6. Jer. XXIV 7. and XXXI 33. and XXXII 39. Ezek. XI 19 20. and Ch. XXXVI 26 27. Heb. VIII 10 11. John VI. 44 45 65 Phil. I. 29. and II. 13. Ephes. II. 8. 2. Tim. II. 25. And he gives grace to the remnant which is according to the election of Grace Matth. XI 25. and XIII 11. Mark IV. 11 12 John XII 39. Rom. XI 7. Ephes. I. 5. 2 Chron. XXX 12. Mount This Mount Hor chapter XXXII verse 50 where Aaron died Num. XX. 25 26. was South of Judea And Mount Hor on the North-bounds of Judea Num. XXXIV 7. are far differing and distant mountains King in Jeshurum Moses King in Ieshurum chapter XXXIII verse 5 25. in Blessing the twelve Tribes doth omit Simeon if we accompt him not included in Iudah as his Lot in the division of Canaan fell within the Lot and Tribe of Iudah and their expeditions against their enemies in conquering their own shares were joynt and undertaken together Iosh. XVIII and XIX Iudg. I 3. Dwell between his shoulders That is verse 12 In Ierusalem For though the Southerne and Superior part of Ierusalem where Mount Sion was and which was called the City of David did belong to the Tribe of Iudah yet the Northerne and inferior part of it where Mount Moriah was whereon the Temple was built belonged to the Tribe of Benjamin The huge deep valley of Mello between the two Mountains being filled up and levelled by Solomon so that thence afterward Sion and Moriah might be called two tops of one Mountain Sion the higher top and Moriah the lower Died The time of Moses his death was in the fourtieth year chapter XXXIV verse 5 twelfth moneth seventh day of their coming out of Egypt and one hundred and twentieth year of his age See upon Aarons death Num. XXXIII 38. No man knoweth The reason of concealing the place of the Burial of Moses verse 6 And Michael the Archangel his contending with the Devil and disputing about the body of Moses Iude ver 9. was not revealed in the Scripture of the Old Testament And this dispute might be lest the Israelites knowing it might carry it with them as Iosephs bones into Canaan into which God had said That he should not enter or rather That the people might not idolize it Joshua THE Book of Joshua was not probably written by him though of and concerning him For besides some things contained in it which are deemed by some to be done after his death As that concerning Caleb and his daughter Achsah Ch. XV. 16 19. And most surely the Conquering of Leshem or Laish by the Danites Ch. XIX 47. Iudg. XVIII 7. 29. And those things recorded Ch. XXIV 29 33. Some other things seeme to plead That it was written by some Prophet Long after his death Whence that phrase remaines unto this day is so frequently used Ch. IV. 9. and Ch. VI. 25. and VII 26. and VIII 29 and IX 27. and X. 27. and XIII 13. and XIV 14. and XV. 63. And the Book of Iasher is named Ch. X. 13. which seemes written at soonest in Davids time as recording an Act of his 2 Sam. I. 18. unlesse we say This Book of Iasher in Ioshua's time to be continued on and enlarged in after-times by adding and inserting memorable acts in after-ages And so in Davids time And further the Mountains of Iudah and the Mountains of Israel are mentioned Iosh. XI 21. Which many possibly seeme to intimate the Book to be written after the division of the Nation into the two Kingdomes of Iudah and Israel Ioshua was the Tribe of Ephraim Num. XIII 8. 1 Chron. VII 27. And he lived one hundred ten years Ch. XXIV 29. and was six full years in conquering the Land and in the seventh fell to the Dividing of it by Lot as is gathered out of the age of Caleb Iosh. XIV 7 10. And divers years Ioshua lived and governed after that time but how many it doth not appear out of this Book yet is gathered out of other places to be ten years more and so this Book to containe an History of seventeen years from the Beginning of his Government to his Death The truth of this account stands upon this computation from the coming out of Egypt to the fourth of Solomon are four hundred and eighty years 1 King VI. 1. which are made up thus fourty years in the Wildernesse seventeen of Ioshua two hundred ninety nine of the Iudges counting in the twenty of Sampson as coincident and concurring with the first twenty years of Eli twenty years more of Eli twenty of Samuel fourty of Saul fourty of David four of Solomon In all 480. Within three dayes This Edict and Proclamation of three dayes chapter I verse 2 for preparation to passe over Iordan set down here doth begin and commence after the History of the two Spies and their returne to Ioshua which History yet is recorded after in the Chapter following And thereupon the mention of the said three dayes is taken up again the second time Ch. III. 2. when new directions are given for their Passage and the manner of it Rahab Rahab chapter II verse 1 an Harlot because at least she had been so though now a beleeving Convert ver 9 10 11. Heb. XI 31. Iames II. 25. She had her house on the wall of Iericho ver 15. which fell not when the rest of wall fell Ch. VI. 20 22. In framing her excuses for the Spies sake she bewrayes her infirmity in making equivocations or untruths rather ver 4 5. In transacting with the Spies some speeches seeme to passe between them after they were let down the wall ver 18. In pleading for her family she makes no mention of an Husband ver 13. and Ch. VI. 23. She was after married to Salmon eldest sonne of Nahshon which Nahshon was great-grand-childe to Hezron or Esrom that went down with Iacob into Egppt Gen. XLVI 12. And was Prince of Iudah at the numbring of the people Num. I. 7. at the marshalling of the Camps Num. II. 3. at the Dedication of the Altar Num. VII 12. and at the setting forward in their journeys Num. X. 14. But died in the Wildernesse Num. XIV 29. This marriage of Rahab to Salmon now Prince of Iudah is not recorded in the Old Testament But mentioned Matth. I. 5. in the Genealogy of our Saviour wherein as Rachab so Thamar Ruth
feast of the Passeover Exod. 12. 15 19. or forbear to keep that feast Numb 9. 13. or that eate fat Lev. 7. 25. or blood Lev 7. 27. 17. 10 14. or that eate of the flesh of the peace-offering on the third day Lev. 19. 8. or that eat of the flesh of sacrifice having their uncleannesse on them or being uncleane do not purifie themselves Numb 19. 13 20. or having touched any unclean thing Lev 7. 20 21. 22. 3. or that bring not their sacrifice to the door of the Tabernacle of the Congregation to be killed there and not elsewhere Lev 17. 4 9. or that shall not afflict his soule on the fast-day the tenth day of the seventh moneth Lev. 23. 29. or doth any work in that same day or that defileth the Sabbath to do any work therein Exod. 31. 14. or that lieth with a woman in her sicknesse Lev. 20. 18. or with a sister Lev. 20. 17. or an idolater Ezech. 4. 8. or that gives of his seed to Molech Lev. 20. 2 3 4 or that turneth after wizards and such as have familiar spirits â—ev 20. 6. or that doth ought presumptuously Numb 15. 30 31. All these are expressely threatened with and sentenced to this punishment And the meaning of the phrase is most usually taken to signifie a cutting off by death and it is so expressed Exod. 31. 14. Lev 17. 4 20. 2 3 4. 5. And must needs be so understood when it is used against grievous sins and crimes as against idolatry witchcraft incest and sins done presumptuously despising the Word of the Lord and reproaching him This penalty is to be inflicted by the Magistrates power no doubt And in case of his faile God himself threatens and undertakes to do it Lev. 17. 10 20. 2 3 4. 5 6. 23. 30. And for the lesser offences mentioned they being wittingly and wilfully done in Gods Worship and service and against his plaine and peremptory command I see not how they come short of sins of presumption Numb 15. 30. which are doomed to death in the judgement of the learned upon that place I conceive therefore that they fall short that by this penalty here will understand no more but that such an offender is to be cast off and held for no Jew but as an Heathen man And they also that would apply this phrase here and in other places of the Old Testament for the maintenance of Ecclesiastical Excommunication among the Jewes The doubtfulnesse of the meaning of the phrase hath made me the more inquisitive into it I confesse if not too tedious in it However I leave all to better judgements And for my part like not in things dubious to be too definitive V. 15. Sarah Yet in the New Testament it is written Sara without the h the Greek tongue having no h at the end of words V. 16. Nations 1 Pet. 3. 6. Jerusalem which is above her answerable type is the mother of us all Gal. 4. 26. V. 17. Laughed For joy and wonder Rom. 4. 17 18 19 20 21. as over-joyed and amazed at the promise which he believed Heb. 11. 12. rejoycing even at the promised seed Joh. 8. 56. an hundred yeares old Rom. 4. 19 20. he did hope against hope If Abraham married Keturah thirty seven years after this time and had six children by her then surely God shewed his power in renewing Abrahams vigour and strength of body as the Eagles Psal. 103. 5. or it may rather seem that Abraham took Keturah in Sarabs life-time within those thirty seven yeares between the birth of Isaac and her death seeing Keturah is called his Concubine 1 Chron. 1. 32. V. 18. Oh that Ishmael Ch. 16. 10. V. 19. Isaac Laughter Chap. 21. 6. V. 21. My Covenant Thirteen times named in this chapter Luke 1. 72 73 74. with Isaac Ch. 21. 12. Rom. 9. 7 8. Gal. 3. 29. at this set time Ch 18. 10. This was just a yeare before Isaacs birth V. 22. Went up Ascending vanished out of his sight so from Jacob ch 35. 13. so from Manoah and his wife Judg. 13. 20. V. 23. In the self-same day Of the command not eight dayes after V. 24. When he was circumcised By whom Abraham was circumcised is not set down But he is said to circumcise the rest v. 23. some say that now the Jewes use Chirurgions in this service CHAP. XVIII Verse 1. PLaines O. Oak-grove of Mamre Ch. 13. 18. 14. 13. 23. 19. V. 2. Three men So in his thought and in appearance But thus he entertained Angels at unawares Heb. 13. 2. But one of them is called Jehova 13 14 17 20 22. And after Abraham so acknowledgeth him v. 25 27. The other two were created Angels Ch 19. 1. V. 3. Lord Speakes to one of them in shew the chief V. 6. Three measures Jewes write that their measure which they call Seah the Greeks Saton containes as much as one hundred fourty foure Hens egges about two gallons and 1 2 of our measure three of these measures make an Ephah containing about seven gallons and 1 2 V. 8. And they did eate Ch. 19. 3. They had true bodies for the time and did truly eate Though a Spirit hath not flesh and bones Luke 24. 39. yet Spirits may and by Gods dispensation sometimes do assume humane bodies V. 9. Where is Sarah thy wife Thus they begin to manifest themselves to be more then men V. 10. He said Jehova v. 13. returne Not by apparition again but by performance of promise ch 21. 1. according to the time of life From this time according as the time of life is between conception and birth so many moneths as a woman goes with childe Rom. 9. 9. This Promise argued more then men V. 11. After the manner of women Rom 4. 19. Heb. 11. 11. V. 12. Laughed Not as Abraham ch 17. 17. but through weaknesse of saith and therefore it is reproved v. 13. yet commended Heb. 11. 11. after sure she did better recollect her self Luk. 1 45. after she laughed for joy ch 21. 6. within her self Not outwardly and openly which haply made her the more readily deny it V. 13. And the Lord said Jehova said Christ so v. 17. He knew her thoughts themselves fâ—ying shall I c She used if not the very same words yet to the same sense V. 15. Denied for she was afraid Weaknesses and failings in Saints V. 16. Toward Sodom As going thither the two Angels did so ch 19. 1. V. 17. Shall I hide Amos 3. 7. Joh. 15. 15. Abraham a Prophet ch 20 7. and a friend 2 Chron. 20. 7. V. 19. He will command Duty of Parents and Masters of families and example to them Gen. 28. 1. Deut 6. 7. 11. 10. 32. 46. Job 1. 5. Prov. 6. 20. V. 20. Sodom and Gomorrah Admah and Zeboim Deut. 29. 23. Hos. 11. 8. V. 21. I will go down and see God speaks after the manner of men as ch 11. 5 7. V. 22. And the men Two of the three
and 29 9. Exod. 2. 16. V. 17. Ran to meet her v. 13. but had removed a little aloof off to give way â—o Rebekah and to mark her V. 22. Took a golden ear-ring To give her as taking or receiving Psal. 68. 19. is expounded giving Eph. 4. 8. He puts the ear-ring upon her face v. 47. after he had asked whose daughter she was Shekel See Annotat. on ch 20. 16. and on ch 23. 15. Half a shekel is called Bekah Ex. 38. 26. V. 26. Worshipped v. 52. ch 22. 5. Exod. 4. 31. This is more then kneeling or bowing of the head This is a prostrating of the whole body a falling down upon the face to the ground Psal. 95. 6. Luke 5. 12. compared with Mat. 8. 2. V. 27. Brethren Kinsfolk v. 48. ch 13. 8. V. 28. Mothers house It seems the custome of those times and places was for the women to dwell in tents and houses apar by themselves v. 67. ch 31. 33. V. 32. And he ungirded i. e. Laban and water to wash Ch. 18. 4. 1 Tim. 5. 10. In those hot countreys men used to go barefoot or with sandals open above V. 33. I will not eate Eph. 6. 5 6 7 8. V. 47. Upon her face Some were worne in the eare some on the forehead which hanged down to the nose Ezech. 16. 12. Esay 3. 21. V. 48. Daughter Grandchilde V. 49. Kindly and truly Mercy and truth joyned ch 47. 29. Josh. 2. 14. Prov. 3. 3. Psal. 85. 10. V. 50. Then Laban and Bethuel The sonne set before the father as having the chief managing of all by reason of his fathers age v. 55. bad or good Nothing at all against it chap. 31. 24 29. V. 51. At the Lord hath spoken As we plainly see by the whole carriage of this businesse v. 15. 2 Sam. 16. 10. V. 57. At her mouth About this motion for her sudden departure V. 59. Her nurse Deborah ch 35. 8. Great is the tendernesse of the affections of nursing fathers and nursing mothers Numb 11. 12 13. 1 Thes. 2. 7. Esay 49 22. 2 Sam. 4. 4. V. 61. And followed the man Psal. 45. 10. V. 62. Lahai-roi Ch 16. 14. 12. 9. 25. 11. in the wildernesse of Beersheba ch 21. 14 33 34. â—e dwelt Not apart from his father but with him That Well was not far from Beersheba where Abraham dwelt ch 21. 14 33 34. V. 63. To meditate Or pray or both so the word signifieth Psal. 77 3 6. 12. 119. 15. V. 65. A Veile A signe of modesty and subjection 1 Cor. 11. 5 6 10. The custome was to bring the spouse veiled to her husband The face was covered sometimes for grief and mourning as in Davids mourning for Absalom Sometimes by others in token of wrath and judgement as when Hamans face was covered Sometimes in way of feare and reverence as Elias covered his face 1 Kings 19. 13. V. 67. Sarahs Tent Women it seems had their tents apart ch 31. 33. And Sarahs Tent and furniture it seems was reserved for Isaacs wife and took Rebekah By solemnity of marriage in the fourtieth yeare of his life ch 25. 20. loved her Eph. 5. 25 28. after his mothers death Three yeares before ch 17. 17. 23. 1. Dear and durable was his affection toward his mother CHAP. XXV Ver. 1. THen again Whether in Sarahs life-life-time cannot certainly be determined The sacred story mentions nothing of Keturab or her children till now after Sarahs death And the words here seem to give it to be after her death And Sarah in her life-life-time not enduring Hagar and Ishmael would hardly have endured another And Isaac when offered is called his only son And yet on the other side Keturab is called a Concubine implicitely v. 6. and expresly 1 Chron. 1. 32 And though a Coucubine be called a wife yet I finde not that a legitimate wife as she should be after Sarahs death or a second wife is called a Concubine And the words of Abrahams servant seeking a wife for Isaac ch 24. 36. compared with v. 5 6. of this chapter seem to reflect on Keturahs sonnes in Sarahs life-life-time And which is most of all if Abraham did not take her to wife till after Sarahs death then he must be one hundred thirty eight and likely one hundred and fourty yeares old when he married her and after that begat six sonnes of her whereas the Apostle saith that fourty yeares before that time his body was dead for begetting of children Rom. 4. 19. Gen. 17. 17. 18. 12. If then it were after Sarahs death it must be said that God did renew unto him that masculine strength and vigour of body after fourty yeares by an extraordinary blessing in a marvellous if not miraculous manner and that to make good his Promise of multiplying Abrahams seed ch 17. 5. in others also though principally in Isaac V. 2. Medan Ch. 37. 36. Midian Numb 25. 6 17. Shuah Job 2. 11. V. 3. Sheba Job 1. 15. V. 4. Midian Numb 31. 18. Judg 7. 25. 8. 5. children of Keturah And Grandchildren V. 5. To Isaac As being his only heire and childe of Promise ch 21. 12. a figure of Christ and Christians ch 24. 36. V. 6. Concubines Hagar and Keturah and sent them away from Isaac Because he was to be the heire of Canaaâ— Eastward Arabia Syria Job 1. 3. Job likely came of Keturah Judg. 6. 3. 7. 12. V 7. One hundred seventy five yeares Ch. 15. 15. Heber of whom he was called an Hebrew ch 14. 13. out-living him And Jacob and Esau were then fifteen yeares old v. 26. ch 21. 5. V. 8. Gathered unto his people V. 17. which implies the immortality of the soule and so the phrase of gathering to their fathers Judg. 2. 10. Heb. 12. 23. V. 9. Isaac and Ishmael Ishmael though never received again into Abrahams family yet dwelt not so far off but might heare of his fathers death and come to his burial V. 11. Blessed Isaac Entailed the blessing and Promises made to Abraham on him ch 17. 19. Lahai-roi See ch 24. 62. V. 12. Generations of Ishmael ch 16. 10 12. 17. 20. much exceeded Isaacs 1 Cor. 15. 46. Nebaioth He and his brethren seated in Arabia Esay 21. 13. 60 7. Ezech 27. 21. Jer. 49. 28. V. 15. Tema Job 2. 11. V. 16. Twelve Princes Ch. 17. 20. Like the twelve sonnes of Jacob. V. 18. Havilah Ch. 2. 8. an ample region in Arabia not that Havilah in India Shur Ch. 16. 7 Ex. 15. 22. died in the presence His brethren surviving him ch 16. 12. V. 20. The Syrian So Luke 4. 27. Aramite is translated Syrian by our Saviour Padan-Aram Called Aram-Naharaim ch 24. 10. sometime Padam only ch 48. 7. This is Mesopotamia of Syria distinguished from Aram-Zobah Ps. 60 tit V. 21. Intrcated Often no doubr barren Twenty yeares v. 20 26. many good women in Scripture barren a long time V. 22. Strugled A misery to her and a mystery in her v. 23. if
11 12 17 18 26. and Ch. XIV 22 26. And this second Tythe seems every third year to be distributed to the poor Or rather a third Tythe every third year not carried to Jerusalem and eaten there But gathered for these charitable uses onely and to be eaten any where throughout the Land Deut. XIV 28 29. and XXVI 12 13. And this third year is therefore called the year of Tything Deut. XXVI 12. Amos IV. 4. Of Tythes see more 2 Chron. XXXI 4 19. Nehem. X. 32 39. and XII 44 47. and XIII 5 12 13. Mal. III. 8 10. Luke XI 42. and XVIII 12. Heb. VII 2 9. The great maintenance of the Levites appears in that the whole Tribe of Levi being three or four times lesse in number then any other Tribe yet had they distinguished from all the Priests the Tythes of all the Tribes and so more then any one other Tribe Besides their thirty five Cities and Suburbs whereof five were Cities of Refuge Josh. XXI one belonging to the Kohathites Levites two to the Gershonites and two to the Merarites In all twice at least more Cities then some other Tribes had that were twice their number See also that Num. XXXI 30 47. The greater maintenance of the Priests appears in that being but three persons at first at least of ripe and mature age yet they had the Tythes yearly of all the Levites Tythes which were at first 8580 of thirty years old and upwards and so about the hundred part of all the fruits and increase of all Israel And as the numbers of the Priests multiplied afterwards so did in all probability the number of the other Tribes They had also all the First-fruits of all things from all persons throughout the twelve Tribes even of their doughs and bakings Deut. XVIII 4. Num. XV. 20 21. which as some think exceeded their Tythes aforesaid They had also all the First-borne of Oxen Sheep and Goats which were given to them in kinde And the Redemption money of the First-borne of Men and of unclean Beasts and cattell Num. III. 46 52. Exod. XXXIV 19. 20 and Ch. XXII 29 30. Deut. XV. 19. They had also all Oblations both Voluntary and by Vow And the Redemption of Things and of Persons Devoted to God And all Sacrifices for Sinnes and for Trespasses and the Meat and Drink Offerings and Heave-offerings And the Breast and Shoulder in Peace-offerings Deut. XVIII 3. And the Skins of the whole Burnt-offerings And all their Tythes First-fruits and Oblations were to be of the best and choisest sorts Num. XVIII 12 29. Besides these they had thirteen Cities and Suburbs and Priviledges belonging to them whereof one was a City of Refuge Josh XXI 13. See Num. XVIII 8 19. And that also Num. XXXI 28 29 37 38 39 40 50. Levit. X. 12 13 14 15. and Ch. XXVII 21 28. See the Annotations on Num. XVIII 29. Rock At Rephidim by Mount Sinai chapter XX verse 8. 13. Exod. XVII 1 7. being the eleventh Station of the Israelites Num. XXXIII 14. Moses with his miraculous Rod struck the Rock in Horeb in a due obedience to Gods commandment and waters came forth And he named the place Massah and Meribah Exod. XVII 5 6 7. But at Kadesh in the Wildernesse of Zin where Miriam died being the thirty third Station Num. XXXIII 36. Moses with Aarons miraculous Rod for he took it from before the Lord as he commanded him having his spirit provoked by the rebellious people smiles the Rock twice without any such command or commission to smite at all And he and Aaron likewise speak unadvisedly with their lips uttering words of passion and incredulity and so rebelling against Gods commandment And thereupon they not sanctifying the Lord in the eyes of the children of Israel He was sanctified in them by his excluding them from entrance into the Land of Canaan And this also is called the water of Meribah or Strife as here so Ch. XXVII 14. Psal. CVI. 32 33. Aaron Aaron chapter XX verse 28 whose name may seem to signifie an Ark or Chest dies seven moneths and seven dayes before Moses at Mount Hor the Place called Mosera Deut. X 6. in the thirty fourth Station For Aaron dying in the fourtieth year fifth moneth first day Num. XXXIII 38. And that compared with the moneths mourning for Moses Deut. XXXIV 8. and three dayes preparation to passe over Jordan Josh. I. 1. and Ch. III. 2. And their coming out of Jordan on the first moneth tenth day Josh. IV. 19. Do shew that Moses died in the twelfth moneth seventh day And so seven moneths and seven dayes after Aaron In which short interval of time many and mighty things were done and atchieved as among other things Sihon and Og and their Kingdomes conquered the Midianites almost destroyed among whom Balaam was slaine Josh. XIII 22. and the book of Deuteronomie written Num. XXI and XXXI Deut. I. 1 3. Fiery Serpents onely in the later part of the fourtieth year chapter XXI verse 6 after Aarons death Heshbon Heshbon a chief City in Moab verse 26 afterwards of Sihon King of the Amorites Deut. I. 4. afterwards of Gad and out of that Tribe given to the Merarites Josh. XIII 26. and XXI 38 39 40. 1 Chron. VI. 80 81. Afterwards recovered by the Moabites and wasted by Shalmanesar Esay XV. 4. and XVI 8 9. and after by the Babylonians Jer. XLVIII 45. There may seeme to be another Heshbon of the Ammonites Jer. XLIX 2 3. And one in the Tribe of Reuben Num. XXXII 37. Josh. XIII 15 17. Heshbon signifies Devises And an allusion is made to the name Jer. XLVIII 2. in the judgement there denounced against it like to this is English There is mischief devised against the Devises the name of a town with us Balak Balak needed not to have hired Balaam chapter XXII verse 2 and feared Israel Num. XXII and XXIII and XXIV if he had known the prohibition of God to Israel Deut. II. 9. which they obeyed Judg. II. 15 17 18 25. 2 Chron. XX. 10. Yet that part which was great of the Lands of Moab which Sihon had lately conquered from Vehab King of Moab as Tremelius translates Num. XXI 26. the Israelites conquering Sihon in that right possessed it Num. XXXIII 49. Deut. I. 5. and XXXIV 1 5 6 8. and it was given to the Reubenites and Gadites Josh. XIII Unicorne So Deut. chapter XXIII verse 22 XXXIII 17. Job XXXIX 9 10. Psal. XXII 21. and XXIX 6. and XCII 10. Esay XXXIV 7. Yet the translation of the word is doubted of or at least the nature of the beast such as the Pensil of our Painters doth portray out unto us because no such beast was known or seen by any man And the Unicornes horne so deemed is of some strange Fish not of any known Beast Some learned render the word Bufale or Buff or else the wild Oxe called by the Latines Urus eminent for bignesse strength hornes and untamable fiercenesse
VII 8. 13 and of Saul slaine by them This deliverance was not perfected till Davids dayes Drink no Wine The mother is thus forbidden verse 7 ver 14. Likely because the infant was to receive hutriment and suck from her If the Lord A good plea and comfort verse 23 And a good example for our imitation to comfort us in sundry cases and conditions Sampson Sampson's Birth hath relation to that verse 24 Ch. X. 7. where the Philistines are mentioned before the Ammonites And he began to deliver Israel being young and died about fourty To move him Inspire him with magnanimous verse 25 heroical thoughts and indow him with miraculous strength Timnath In the Tribe of Dan chapter XIV verse 1 East from Ekron of the Philistines Here Sampson intended to have his first wife And Judah had his sheep-shearing Gen. XXXVIII 12. This Citie was given to the Tribe of Judah Josh. XV. 57. And after out of that Tribe to Dan Josh. XIX 43. But the Philistines most what possessed it And in the dayes of wicked Ahaz we read that they took it from him 2 Chron XXVIII 18. Some make this in Dan and that in Judah to be divers Cities Sampson Sampson by extraordinary motion of the Lord the lawfull Dispenser with his own Law seeks a marriage though a Nazarite with a Philistine had thirty of the Philistines brought as companions to be with him at the nuptial feast to honour him in shew but more in jealousie and fear of him seeing and noting some things extraordinary in his person His wife weeping before him the seven dayes while the Feast lasted but more after the third day and most upon the seventh and last day he expounds his Riddle to her and she to the companions He performes what he had promised thereupon And in anger for their fraud and her treachery he went away leaving them and her too behinde him Foxes The Lanâ— was full of them chapter XV verse 4 And besides his own art and industry by sundry meanes to take them he was not debarred the help of others and above all Gods providence eoncurring therein Hip Sampson hip and thigh verse 8 pell-mell haply with his leg and foot onely slew the Philistines with a great slaughter And afterwards slaying one thousand of them with Lehi that is the jaw-bone of an Asse upon that occasion he called the place jaw-bone or Lehi And at his prayer had a Well of water which he therefore calls En-hakkore springing in that place of Lehi to revive his spiri being near dead with thirst Rock Etam We read of a Citie of that name 1 Chron. IV. 32. Called also Ethar Josh XIX 7. in the Tribe of Simeon as it joynes to the Tribe of Dan and Judah in the North-East corner of Simeon and not very far from Zorah in the South-East corner of Dan where Sampson was borne ver 2. not meaning that Dan or that so farre distinct portion of Dan that lay in the North-bounds of the Land of Canaan Of Judah Iudah joyning to Dan verse 11 on the East-side of it Twenty years These twenty years verse 20 in the just computation of the times do fall in with the former half of Eli his fourty 1 Sam. IV. 18. Gaza See the Annotations on Amos I. chapter XVI 6. Harlot Sampsons sinne yet upon repentance pardoned and he registred among those Worthies Heb. XI 32. Took the doores His strength came up to a miracle verse 3 Before Hebron Not so farre as Hebron Of Hebron see the Observations on Gen. XXIII 2. Sorek The river or torrent of this name divides Dan verse 4 and Simeon Delilah The chief Passages of this part of the History are these That Delilah had a very great summe payed in hand for betraying of Sampson ver 5 18. whose strength yet lay not in his haire in the having of it or in the growing of it again the haire being but a ceremonial signe of it But in Gods presence with him And so his weaknesse not in the losing of his haire which here he lost unwittingly and unwillingly But in the Lords departing from him for his sinnes ver 20. The shaver might easily have cut his throat being asleep But Gods Providence was in and over all And blinde Sampson coming at last to see his sinnes and repent And being brought into the magnificent house and Idol-temple containing about three thousand persons spectators upon the roof of it verily a wondrous building is moved by an extraordinary instinct of Gods Spirit in his last act not to murder himself but to undervalue his own life so as he might therewithal as a Judge and publike person execute Gods mighty vengeance upon his own and Gods peoples enemies and oppressors ver 30. wherein many make him a Type of Christs victorious conquest over our spiritual enemies at and by his death Or at least do take an occasion to use an Allusion from the one to the other Dagon Dagon seemes to have his name from Dag verse 23 signifying a Fish in Hebrew And was portraied in the likenesse of a Fish from the middle downward and of a man from the middle upward 1 Sam. V. 4. A sea-Idol worshipped by them of Gaza and the Philistines that dwelt on the sea-coast as the Heathens did their Neptune or Triton And the Idolaters do here ascribe it to this Idol their god that he delivered Sampson into their hand and therefore offer a great sacrifice to him In his most stately Temple they fastened the head of King Saul 1 Chron. X. 10. And at Ashdod by Dagon in the house of Dagon for he had many Temples they placed the Arke of God 1 Sam. V. 2. Of this again you may see more in the Observations upon that text 1 Sam. V. 2. These five last Chapters of Iudges containe Histories of things done soone after the death of Ioshua chapter XVII and those Elders that out-lived him chapter XVIII Iudg. chapter XIX XX. XXI II. 7. soone after the Idolatry and Apostasie of the People mentioned Ch. II. 11 12 in the times if not before the times of all the Judges whose times and Histories are recorded Ch. III. and along to the XVII Chapter without any interruption And this appears by very many Passages in these five last Chapters Cursedst So Prov. chapter XVII verse 2 XXIX 24. That is didst adjure with an execration if an answer were not made in truth and fidelity Thus 1 King VIII 31. Levit. V. 1. Num. V. 21. And so it is expounded 1 Thes. V. 27. And so put to our Saviour Matth. XXVI 63. And so used 1 Sam. XIV 24. 2 Chron. XVIII 15. Neh. XIII 25. The Lord Micha's mother dedicated this silver to the Lord Jehovah verse 3 to make both a graven and a moulten Image Ch. XVIII 18. to worship Jehovah in and by them and not any false god For in this point of the Object or Thing worshipped the Idolatries of the Jewes and of the Heathens most what differed See
a miracle and to declare to all That they were gifted and assumed to that their present Office and imployment Naked i. chapter XIX verse 24 e. Stript of his upper garment or military habit So Peter John XXI 7. and Micah chap. I. 8. Esay chap. XX. 2 4. And those Acts XIX 16. Slew chapter XXII verse 18 Sauls most horrid and bloody Act. Ephod The Ephod here is that of the High Priests chapter XXIII verse 9 wherin were the Urim and Thummim Exod. XXVIII 30. which Urim and Thummim were not the twelve precious stones of the Breast-plate mentioned v. 17-21 Or the words of Vrim and Thummim engraven in the middest of those twelve precious stones on the Breast-plate Or things committed into the hands of the workmen to make them But rather given by God to Moses to put them not on but into the Breast-plate which haply to this end and purpose was doubled ver 16. so to have them hid there And accordingly Levit. VIII 8. Moses is said to put in the Breast-plate the Urim and the Thummim Yet what things or what kinde of things they were appears not Only we know the names signifie Lights and Perfections haply intimating Knowledge of Doctrine and Integrity of Life and Conversation And that by these the High Priests extraordinarily did ask Counsels of the Lord and did receive Answers as Oracles from him So we see the Precept for it Num. XXVII 21. Joshuah shall stand before Eleazar the Priest who shall ask Counsel for him after the judgement of Urim before the Lord at his word shall they go out and at his word they shall come in both he i. e. Joshuah and all the children of Israel with him And the Practice of it we finde expected earnestly by Saul 1 Sam. XXVIII 6. though the same it may seeme lighty sleighted by him 1 Sam. XIV 18 19. And here acted by Abiathar the High Priest for David David hereunto adjoyning his Request unto the Lord for the Answer ver 10 11 12. And again 1 Sam. XXX 7. And not unlike but Davids enquiring of the Lord 2 Sam. II. 1. and chap. V. 19 23. and XXI 1. And possibly that Judg. XX. 18 23 27 28. was by the same meanes upon the same ground And if it were burnt or lost at the ruine of the Temple and all by Nebuchadnezzar yet the Tirshatha entertains an expectation of the restoring of it Ezra II. 63. Neh. VII 65. a Messinger Gods providence for the preservation of his verse 27 unto Achish This second time chapter XXVII verse 2 upon better security beforehand given then formerly was had in Shunem In Shunem and Aphek chapter XXVIII verse 4 1 Sam. XXIX 1. the Philistines pitched And the Israelites in Gilboa by a Fountain which is in Jezreel All in the Tribe of Issachar Josh XIX 18. This is Davids Spoile i. chapter XXX verse 20 e. all that the Amalakites had taken from others save from them of Ziglag This by his right and free consent and gift of his souldiers he made use of to gratifie his friends and engage them to him ver 26 31. they shall part alike They both alike shall have their shares verse 24 according to Gods appointment Num. XXXI 27 30. Josh. XXII 8. Though not both equal shares fell upon it Saul his own bloody butcher and self-murderer chapter XXXI verse 4 The Amalakite belies himself in most of his relation to David 2 Sam. I. 5 10. in hope of grace and reward from David but in issue to the losing of his life God in his secret justice justly takes it upon himself that he slew him 1 Chron. X. 14. his head This they fastened in the Temple of Dagon verse 9 1 Chron. X. 10. His body to the wall of Bethshan or Bethshean And his Armour in the house of Ashteroth a name of their female goddesses II. Samuel THis Book contains an History of fourty years from the death of King Saul to the death of King David or the time immediately preceding it 2 Sam. V. 4 5. The time and story of Davids reign Crown that was upon his head Likely not so worne by him in the day of battel chapter I verse 10 1 King XXII 30. But carried with him or before him by his armour-bearer verse 18 or some others as an Ensigne of his Kingly honour bowe That they might be skilful in the right use of their armes and weapons against their enemies in this time of need Of the Bowe in warre see ver 22. And the Annotations on Hos. I. 5. and on Zech. X. 4. How are the mighty fallen Repeated verse 19 ver 25. and 27. as the foot of this sad song and Elegie Tell it not in Gath This impossible not to be told there But this shews Davids desire verse 20 if it had been possible A Pathetical expression not much unlike is that ver 21. Unto Hebron Of this place chapter II verse 1 thus once for all Hebron was a City in the Tribe and Mountain of Judah Josh. XV. 54. Called also Mamre and Kiriath-arba the City of Arba the father of Anak where Anak lived his sonnes and the Anakims a race of Giants Here formerly dwelt the children of Heth and Hittites And Abraham Isaac and Jacob sojourned here And they and Sarah and Rebekah and Leah were buried here in the Cave of Machpelah before Mamre the same is Hebron Gen. XIII 18. and XXIII 19. and XLIX 31. Hence Joseph was sent to see the welfare of his brethren Hither the Spies came that were sent from Kadesh-barnea in the Wildernesse of Paran to search the Land Hoham the King of Hebron was one of the five Kings mured up by Joshuah in a Cave and after slaine and hanged up And soone after the City taken and another King thereof seems then to be slaine by him And he and Caleb slew the Anakims that dwelled here This City and Suburbs were given to the Priests and to be a Citie of Refuge The Fields and the Villages of it to Caleb the sonne of Jephunne the Kenezite that good Spie Josh. XX. 7. and XXI II. To the top of an hill before Hebron Sampson carried the Gate of Gaza To them in Hebron David sent a Present of the Spoile taken from the Amalakite 1 Sam. XXX 31. Hither God directed him to go in this Text. And here he was anointed King and reigned seven years and six moneths And here he had six sonnes born to him of six several women his wives Here Abner was slain by Joab and mournfully buried by David Hither King Ishbosheths head was brought by his murderers buried in Abners Sepulchre and they hanged up here Hither came all the Tribes of Israel to make David King over all Israel and anointed him here And Absalom being borne here pretended a vow to be performed here and rebelling against his father made himself King here This Citie of Hebron was built seven years before Zoan in Egypt Num. XIII 23. And in Rehoboams reigne was
Hoshea truly began in the fourth of Ahaz which was the twentieth from the time that Jotham began to reigne not that Jotham reigned twenty years till Hoshea began And Hoshea had reigned nine years in the twelfth of Ahaz And these first nine years the Sacred story passeth over in silence He having done nothing remarkable or memorable in them His later nine years are storied on t thus That the first of them begins in the twelfth of Ahaz 2 King XVII 1. That in the third of them which was the last of Ahaz Hezekiah began to reigne 2 King XVIII 1. That in the seventh of them and fourth of Hezekiah Shalmanezar came and besieged Samaria 2 King XVIII 9. That in the ninth and last of them and sixth of Hezekiah Shalmanesar took Samaria and carried all captives into Assyria and finaly extinguished that Kingdome of Israel 2 King XVIII 10 11. The Names then and the Numbers of the years of the Reignes of the Kings of Judah and of Israel in this II. Book of Kings are as followeth viz. of Judah years Iehoram as viceroy 4 In all 12. Imperfect Joynt King with his father Iehoshaphat 2 Sole King after his fathers death 6 Ahaziah 1 imperfect Athaliah 6 Ioash 40 Amatziah 17 Vzziah 52 Iotham 15 Ahaz 14 Hezekiah 29 Manasseh 55 Amon 2 Iosiah 31 Iehoachaz  Iehojakim 11 Iehoachin  Zedekiah 11 Thence to Iehoiachins advancement 26 Kings of Israel years Ahaziah 1 Iehoram 11 Iehu 28 Iehoahaz 15 Ioash or Iehoash 16 Ieroboam 41 Zechariah  Shallum  Menachem 10 Pekahiah 2 Pekah 20 Hoshea 18 See my Annotations on Hos. I. 1. If thou see me chapter II verse 10 This signe was of Gods appointment And the thing done on the East-side of Iordan a Minstrel To quiet chapter III verse 15 quicken and compose his spirit his eldest sonne The King of Edoms eldest son verse 27 taken by the King of Moab in this eruption See Amos II. 1. and the Annotations there Shunem A Citie in the Tribe of Issachar chapter IV verse 8 Iosh. XIX 18. And hath in the same Tribe standing from it Iezreel towards the South Mount Gilboa towards the South-East The river Kishon on the East and Mount Tabor towards the North-North-East in the Confines of the Tribe of Zebulon In Shunem the Philistines pitched against Saul in Gilboa 1 Sam. XXVIII 4. Here was borne Abishag that fair Virgin that lay in Davids bosome to cherish him as a wife-nurse in his decreped age And was afterwards sought for in marriage by Adonijah but to the losse of his life in the State-wisdome of Solomon 1 King I. and II. chapters And here dwelt this great and good woman that made these accommodations for the Prophet Elishah and upon his Prophetical promise obtained a sonne and had him miraculously raised from death of life againe by Elishah coming from Mount Carmel hither as is in this IV. Chapter And further upon this accompt after her seven years absence on the Prophets direction by reason of the Famine to ensue during that time she returning out of the Land of the Philistines had her house lands and profits of her estate restored to her by Iehoram King of Israel 2 King VIII Gilgal Of this see the Annotations on Hos. IV. 15. verse 38 twenty loaves of barley This was more then the bread of his first fruits came to verse 42 King of Syria This was Benhadad the son of Benhadad chapter V both Kings of Syria verse 5 1 Kings XV. 18 19 20. and XX. 1. 34. 2 King VI. 24. and VIII 7. 2. Chron. XVI 2. The father was the sonne of Tabrimon the sonne of Hezion King of Syria 1 King XV. 18. This the sonne slew Ahab at Ramoth-Gilead 1 King XXII 35 37. Who contrary to Gods command had saved him 1 King XX. 42. And besieging Samaria he brought it to that extreme famine 2 King VI. 24 25. And after at Ramoth-Gilead he wounded Jehoram the son of Ahab 2 King VIII 28 29. Whence returning to Jezreel to be healed of his wounds he was slaine by Jehu 2 King IX 24. And this son died 2 King VIII 15. A third Benhadad King of Syria was the son of Hazael 2 King XIII 3 24. Benhadad signifies the son of Hadad And Hadad was a name very common among the Kings of Edom or Idumea Gen. XXXVI 35. 1 Chron. I. 50. 1 King XI 14 but afterwards grew more common with the Kings of Syria insomuch as Benhadad may seeme a name common to the Kings of Syria See Jer. XLIX 27. Amos I. 4. And take here a Catalogue of the Kings of Syria as we finde them in Scripture thus Omitting Chushan-Rishathaim who was King of Aram-Naharaim or Syria between the two rivers that is Tigris and Euphrates or of Mesopotamia Judg. III. 10. We finde these Kings of Syria properly so called whereof Damascus was the chief Citie viz. Hadadezer or Hadarezer in Davids time 2 Sam. VIII 5 6 13. and X. 6 8 16. Rezon in the dayes of Solomon 1 King XI 23 24 25. Benhadad the son of Tabrimon the son of Hezion in the dayes of Asa 1 King XV. 18 19 20. Benhadad the son of Benhadad in the dayes of Ahab and of Elias and Eliseus And Nahaman was the Captain of his hoast 1 King XX. 1 20 26 32 34. and XXII 3. and 2 King V. 1 2 6 7. and chap. VI. 8 12 23 24. and chap VII 4. 16. Hazael in the dayes of Joram Jehu Iehoahaz 1 King XIX 15. 2 King VIII 7 8 13. and X. 32. and XII 17. and XIII 3 22. Benhadad the son of Hazael in the dayes of Iehoash ◠King XIII 24 25. Rezin in the dayes of Pekah and of Ahaz 2 King XVI 5. Esay VII 1. 16. and VIII 4. Talents See my Observations on Exod. XXXVIII 24. Go in peace A fare-well phrase verse 19 a friendly dismission with little or no relation to what Nahaman had said as little minding it and of smal concernment to the greater engagements that then lay upon him which kinde of Answers are not unusual The Leprosie Yet King Jehoram holds conference with Gehazi afterwards verse 27 2 King VIII 4. as upon sundry grounds and occasions incident in a right manner well he might are come down chapter VI verse 9 Here the holy Pen-man useth a word of the Syrian language Dothan In the Tribe of Ephraim verse 13 about mid-way between Samaria and Shechem Here Joseph findes his brethren feeding their flocks Gen. XXXVII 13 17. This is not the way No verse 19 nor the place or Citie whereby and wherein to effect your purpose came no more Not these Bands verse 23 nor in this maner making inrodes or laying ambushes nor any at all of a long time after till Benhadad came with all his hoast ver 24. a Cab Is a Hebrew measure verse 25 Of this see my Observations on Gen. XVIII 6. of Doves dung Or of the corne found in the crop she flying into the Citie out of
thereby that they had not charged Job unjustly seeing him lie under such judgements as God did not inflict but upon ungodly men And here he deals not with him by exhortation and promises as there he did but seemes also to imply and threaten these judgements to Job as unavoidable by him the first-borne of death The most terrible kinde of death verse 13 that carrieth the principality above all other kinds of death as the first-borne doth above all the brethren And yet death it self in what kinde soever is called in the next verse the King of terrors How long Here Job again blames his friends chapter XIX verse 2 ver 2 3. And be it By a fresh commemoration of his miseries verse 4 wherein he chargeth God still too heavily he moves them rather to a Compassion and Commiseration of him to verse 23. skin of my teeth Of my lips verse 20 or gums rather Oh that my words Fearing to finde little comfort in his friends verse 23 he betakes himself to God and comforts himself in an assured expectation of a joyful Resurrection But ye Job admonisheth his friends to be well advised of their ill dealing with him verse 28 and to fear Gods wrath seeing the root of right and Religion is in Job and will be found so in the end that the triumphing of the wicked is but short Being driven from that part of their argument chapter XX verse 5 That God did not use to give prosperity to wicked men Zophar now insisteth upon this That though it be so Yet their Prosperity is but for a moment or short and ruine and destruction shall befall them And this he pursues to the end of the chapter sweet in his mouth Zophar seemes to insist upon this similitude verse 12 to verse 23. bow of steele Of the Bow verse 24 see the Annotations on Zech. IX 13. and chap. X. 4. Here is mentioned a Bow of steele And so Psal. XVIII 34. such it seemes were in use Wherefore do the wicked live Job overthrowes Zophars assertion of the short prosperity of wicked men in this world chapter XXI and their sudden downfal verse 7 and shewes their flourishing estate in themselves ver 7. in their children ver 8. in their families ver 9. in their wealth ver 10. in their pleasures ver 11 12. in their life and death ver 13. yea though they were notoriously wicked men ver 14 15. yet their counsell and course is farre from Job ver 16. And he shewes that God doth oftentimes break off their prosperity and plagueth them verse 17 21. And that God deals both wayes thus diversly with them out of his unsearchable wisdome whereunto we cannot reach verse 22 26. He concludes with an application of the premises to his own case relating their false doome of him and his upon their false grounds ver 27 28. And refelling the same by the testimony of passengers themselves and their better judgement that many wicked men live and die prosperously and peaceably 29 33. Then Eliphaz Here begins the third Onset chapter XXII verse 1 by Eliphaz and Bildad only Wherein being convinced by Job of the falshood of their grand plea and position Eliphaz now doth charge him home with particular sinnes tells him the justification of himself and his righteousnesse cannot be profitable to God and Exhorts him to Repentance with Promises of Mercie chap. 22. And Bildad having little more to say Concludes with this That neither Job nor any man can be justified with God And therefore Job should not contend with God as if he had done him some wrong in afflicting him more then was fitting chap. 25. And Job in his Replies longeth yet to appear and plead before God in confidence of his mercie He asserts his innocency against Eliphaz and promiseth to himself an happy issue though for the present God do seeme to him inexorable He shewes that God often winketh at many grosse wickednesses committed by ungodly men which God punisheth not in this world but suffers them still to prosper and flourish chap. XXIII and XXIV And checking Bildads impertinencies He speaks more magnificently of God Power and Wisdom then Bildad had done chap. XXVI And seeing his three friends at a Non-Plus He goes on the more confidently to maintaine his Cause and clear his own innocencie against hypocrisie He acknowledgeth that Gods judgements light on ungodly men in this world and that their Blessings are turned into Curses though not alwayes chap. XXVII And this by Gods wonderful wisdome which passeth mans deepest wisdome and is unsearchable and carrieth things farre above the reach of the wisest men whose highest wisdome is to Fear the Lord chap. XXVIII And Job it seemes after some intermission of speech finding his friends still silent goes on And in his last speech bemoanes himself and excuseth his impatience by his great fall from so great prosperity chap. XXIX to so great misery chap. XXX And for conclusion He stands upon the clearing of his own integrity much more then before And that by a solemne Protestation of his uprightnesse and piety in sundry several duties without any grosse wickednesse committed by him chap. XXXI for fear of thee Lest thy wickednesse should hurt him verse 4 or thy fear of him and pietie could help him Is not He chargeth Job home and in particulars verse 5 But falsely old way Haply relating to the time of the Flood verse 15 By the purenesse of thine hands God will not only do good to thee verse 30 but to others also for thy sake but he is not there I cannot so see and finde him chapter XXIII verse 8 that I might reason with him in one minde To lay load on me verse 13 that is appointed for me In his infinite wisdom verse 14 and irresistible will he will not cease afflicting me till all be done cut off By death verse 17 Gods Executioner Why Why may not God hide his times of punishing the wicked chapter XXIV verse 1 even from the knowledge of the godly themselves that they could never observe that he punisheth many ungodly men according to their deeds in this world The wicked make ill use of this as thinking God sees not or cares not yet God Calls them not to account for their foolish sinful actions verse 12 the way of the Vineyards He walketh not in those wayes where men use to travel to their work verse 18 lest he should be seene and taken He evil intreateth The oppressor doth so in this verse 21 and in what followeth Yet some understand it of God and his judgements upon the wicked in this verse and in those also that follow eares of corne The not pronouncing this word rightly did cost so many Ephramites their lives verse 24 Judg. XII 6. peace in his high places chapter XXV verse 2 In and above the heavens No Angel doth or dare question or complain of his proceedings much lesse should Job How Job ironicaly taunts Bildad chapter XXVI verse
Observations on Deut. verse 6 III. 9. but a moment Esay XXVI chapter XXX verse 5 20. and LIV. 7 8. in my blood By any violent death verse 9 through Sauls means into thy hands Luke XXIII chapter XXXI verse 5 46. 1 Pet. IV. 19. My times And troubles verse 15 and changes therein O how great Esay LXIV verse 19 4. 1 Cor. II. 9. in a As in a fensed Citie verse 21 in my hast 1 Sam. XXIII 26. verse 22 Or in my hasty thoughts through the extremity of my imminent instant danger So Psal. LXXVII 7. c. 2 Cor. I. 8 9. yet this might stand mixed with faith as Psal. XXII 1. And as Fear and Confidence are not altogether inconsistent Phil. II. 12. Heb. III. 6 14. Blessed Saint Paul chapter XXXII verse 1 Rom. IV. 6 7 8. alledgeth this to prove justification by Faith without Works Faith and Works are inseparable Ephes. II. 8 9 10. James II. 14 17 18 20 26. That Faith which is without Works is dead no true Faith But Faith onely acteth in the point of our justification before God applying Christ and the Promises beleeving according to the Covenant of the Gospel whereby Christ doth become ours his righteousnesse our justification and all the benefits of his redemption do redound and amount to our salvation imputeth Frequent is the use of this word in the point of justification verse 2 mule See the Annotations on Gen. verse 9 XXXVI 24. neer unto thee To hurt thee or not neer to thee to do thee service unlesse forced by the bridle Iam. III 3. Harp Invented by Iubal chapter XXXIII verse 2 Gen. IV. 21. made by Solomon of Almug trees 1 Kings X. 12. called the pleasant Harp Psal. LXXXI 2 much used for mirth and joy Gen. XXXI 27. Iob XXI 12. Esay V. 12. Ezek. XXVI 13. And much used in Gods worship and service in the praising of him by ordinance in the Temple 1 Chron. XV. 21. and XXV 1 3 6. And upon other religious occasions◠both publike as 1 Sam. X. 5. 2 Sam. VI. 5. 1 Chron. XV. 16. 2 Chron. V. 12. Nehem. XII 27. and private wherein David excelled 1 Sam. XVI 16 23. and abounded Psal. LVII 8. and CVIII 3. And much in holy use with others also as here and so XLIII 4. and LXXI 22. and XCVIII 5. And of spiritual harps we read in the Revelation chap. V. 8. and XIV 2. and XV. 2. Psalterie Or Lute or Viol. In Hebrew Nebel Whence the Greeks and Latines seeme to have the names of their instruments Nablium Naulon a new Song So Psal. XL. 3. verse 3 and XCVI 1. and XCVIII 1. and CXLIV 9. New still upon new and fresh occasions renued As Love is said to be both an old and a new Commandment Yet in Scripture phrase very much Things appertaining to the times of the Gospel are called New as a New Covenant Heb. VIII 13. a New Testament 1 Cor. XI 25. a New Ierusalem Apoc. III. 12. New Heavens and a New Earth Esay LXV 17. a New name a New man Eph. II. 15. Esay LXII 2. a New Commandment John XIII 34. a New way Heb. X. 28. a New heart Ezek. XXXVI 26. yea and all things New 2 Cor. V. 17. Apoc. XXI 5. See that Song Luke II. 14. Abimelech The common name of the Kings of the Philistines chapter XXXIV signifying my-father-King Achish being the proper name for this King of Gath a Citie of the Philistines 1 Sam. XXI 10. The LVI Psalme is also upon this same occasion And this one of the Alphabetical Psalmes Only Zain is omitted and Phe twice used They looked unto him To God verse 5 and to his dealing with David afflictions They serve to them as cures verse 19 or preservatives from spiritual evils Psal. CXIX 67 71. Heb. XII 6 c. not one of them is broken See Exod. verse 20 XII 46. Num. IX 12. John XIX 36. The sense here is more general Let them See the Observations on Psal. chapter XXXV verse 4 CIX False witnesses Mat. verse 11 XXVI 59. my prayer returned Though they got no good by it verse 13 yet I did my darling Psal. XXVI 20 23. verse 17 within my heart I verily beleeve it of them chapter XXXVI verse 1 by reason of their heinous transgressions which indeed proclaime it not good Extremely bad verse 4 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 See the Observations on Prov. XX. 23. great mountains Mountains of God verse 6 See the Observations on Jonah III. 3. and on 1 Sam. XIV 15. The matter of this Psalme chapter XXXVII or the first maine part of it is that grand point of the prosperity of the wicked and afflictions of the godly in this life and of Gods Providence therein Heathens have much debated this matter Job is much upon it as chap. XXI 7. c. and chap. XXIV and chap. XXVII and in other places Divers other Psalmes also insist upon it more or lesse as Psal. XLIX and LXXIII and XC Jeremie professedly chap. XII 1. c. And Habakkuk somewhat chap. I. 13. The case in point of fact is plain and undeniable The Providence Wisdome and Justice of God in it is a Mystery to man Yet to the Christian who believes the Resurrection of the body and eternal life things not so clearly revealed in the infancie of the Church the difficulty is now soone dissolved And the well and wise weighing of the point by an Heathen or natural man may much availe him for his further and better information in matters of great consequence and concernment See the Annotations on Psal. XLI 1. The greatest doubt arising hence to the godly may seeme to be this How these same occurrences of administrations in Gods Providence may stand with such constant continual and abundant promises of Gods blessings in temporal things to the godly in this life 1 Tim. IV. 8. and with his like threatnings of plagues and punishments to the wicked in this world The issue will be That these Promises and Threatnings specialy under the Law are spoken to vulgar capacities in those times and yet have their exceptions and limitations in the Word And that the prosperity of the wicked is but a seeming prosperity and a short and momentany prosperity in relation to eternity and many wayes disadvantageous and hurtful to them and ends with an overthrow suddaine and terrible and everlasting And again That the affliction of the godly is but momentany nothing to eternity and mainly profitable for the work of Grace here more then abundantly recompensing and over-poizing their afflictions and for the increase of Glory hereafter Yet super-adding this That Gods wisdome and wayes of Providence are not commensurate with mans finite and shallow capacity Psal. XXXVI 6. Rom. XI 33. Gen. XVIII 25. Esay LV. 8 9. Fret not Another Alphabetical Psalme verse 1 Wherein not every verse but every second verse begins with the letter of the Hebrew Alphabet in order Only verse 7 20 29 34. stand single in their
I will be in my bringing of them out of Egypt notwithstanding all Pharaohs obstinacie V. 7. breathed To shew that mans spirit is not of the earth as his body but of nothing by the insufflation of God and so differing from the spirit of beasts Job 33. 4. Eccles 3. 21. It hath iâ—s immediate original from the Father of spirits who did by creating infuse it or by infusion create it V. 8. planted On the third day chap. 1 11 12. Eastward From Moses in the wildernesse where he wrote this History in Eden A part of Mesopotamia V. 9. tree of life Because naturaly much but sacramentaly more it conduced thereunto tree of knowledge From the event in respect of our first parents V. 10. went out of Eden Flowing into it from above V. 11. Pison A part of Tygris Paâ—itygris or Pisotygris Havilah From Havilah the sonne of Cush Gen 10. 7. 25. 18 1 Sam. 15. 7. V. 13. Gihon The lower part of Euphrates Ethiopia Cush i. e. the Westerne Ethiopia adjacent to the Desert Arabia V. 14. Hiddekel The upper part of Tygris Euphrates Called the river the great river Deut. 1. 7. 11 24. Rev. 9. 14. V. 17. Thou shalt not eate of it The thing in it selfe indifferent but made unlawful to him by Gods command both sheâ— the Lords absolute dominion over him and his sin to be the greater and more notorious if he disobeyed it surely die Be subject to mortality misery death and to him which hath the power of death that is the Devil Heb. 2. 14. A man sentenced to death we count him a dead man dead in Law though he and his execution be reprieved for a time If he had not sinned he had continued in a safe and blessed condition free from death and all maner of evil V. 19. and brought them unto Adam Gen. 7. v. 8. 9. V. 20. And Adam gave names Not that the names must needs be given according to their natures V. 21. ribs With the flesh v 23. The want of which rib God could and easily did sufficiently supply by closing up the flesh instead thereof V. 22. made he a woman 1 Cor. 11. 8. brought her to the man As to her husband Thus the married estate honourable in the state of Innocency Matth 19. 4 5 6. V. 23. This is now bone c. He knew it partly of himself but more by divine revelation V. 24. Therefore shall a man leave c. These seeme to be rather the words of God Matth. 19. 4. 5. then of Adam or of Moses And are spoken both simply Gen. 24. 58 59. and comparatively rather leave the duty of children to parents then of husband to wife when any such case of necessity shall fall out And they Explained by twaine Matth. 19. 5 6. by two 1 Cor. 6. 16. Against Polygamy and unlawful divorces and carnal copulation out of marriage V. 25. both naked c. That shameful through sin since the Fall Rom. 6. 21. which was not so before not shall be after the Resurrection 1 Cor. 15. 43. CHAP. III. â—â—rs 1. SErpent Divers sorts are of them Some specious and beautiful to the eye subtil Prudent Matth. 10. 16. crafty 2. Cor. 11. 3. and so the fitter instrument for Satan he said Many Angels fell Mar. 5. 9 12. 2 4. Pet. 2. Jude v. 6. having one for Principal Matth. 25. 41. And they fell from the beginning 1 John 3. 8. Now they are called Devils or Daemons of their knowledge and cunning still remaining One of them if not the Principal opened here the Serpents mouth and caused it to speak with mans voice 2 Cor. 11. 3. as the Lord did with Balaâ—ms Asse And the Devil did this speedily after mans creation Whence he is called a Murtherer from the beginning Joh. 8. 44. and that old Serpent which deceiveth the whole world Rev. 12. 9. yea hath God This would be an abrupt beginning But it seemes to presuppose a Precedent parley in a more cunning and winning way V. 2. And the woman said She wonders not at the Serpents speaking and speaking so or it may be she did at the first for a while at least though it be not here expressed yet haply conceiving that her knowledge in some things was to increase by experience as our blessed Saviour did Luke 2. 52. He came to finde fruit on the fig-tree when the time of figs was not yet Mar. 11. 13. And she being not apt bâ— able to suspect any evil or sinne as not knowing the fall of the Angels or any evil to be in the world she might the rather entertaine this conference V. 3. Neither shall ye touchit lest ye die These words may be uttered with a good intention and receive a good interpretation in answer to the Serpents question she hereby heightening Prohibition to the utmost to put the greater â—ie upon her obediente and averring and ascertaining the danger and death which otherwise would ensue as Matth. 15. 32. compared with Marke 8. 3. V. 4. ye shall not surely die Thus the Devil is a liar and the father of it John 8. 44. V. 5. as Gods Satan might be pretend to meane it of the Angels But the woman conceived it of the true God in plurality of persons as appears v. 22. Knowing Satan abuseth the name of the treeâ— to a wrong sense pretending all good but intending all wofull knowledge of sinne and misery by it experimentally V. 6. And when the woman saw c. Here was the lust of the flesh the lust of the eyes and the pride of life 1 John 2. 16. And thus through his eating by one man sinne and death entered into the world In Adam all his posterity sinned being then in his â—oines Rom. 5. 12 19. And in Adam all die 1 Cor 15. 22. Rom 5. 15 16 17 18. and he did eate Yet it is said Adam was not deceived but the woman being deceived was in the transgression â— Tim. 2. 14. She first and deepest in the transgression and she not the Devil immediately the meanes to induce her husband to sinne she giving the forbidden fruit to him with words to perswade him v. 17. though she did not purposely deceive him as the Devil did purposely deceive hee V. 7. And the eyes of them both Small distance then betweene the time of both their eating naked In body before without shame while without sin chap. 2. 25. But now experimentally they know that they were naked both in body and soule with shame as Exod. 32. 25. through guilt of sinne and sting of conscience they sewed A silly shift And therefore notwithstanding this they seek to hide themselves v. 8. But for their souls they did not nor indeed could make any shift at all aprons To cover especially those parts of all most uncomely now which serve for generation By which sinne hath its derivation to all mankinde V. 8. voice of the Lord God walking Either in an humane shape or otherwise without that
that God is ignorant of what is in man but to make it the better known to himself and others So Exod. 15. 25. 16. 4. Deut. 8. 2 16. 13. 3. Indeed God and Satan may both have an hand in one and the same tentation as in Davids numbring the people 2 Sam. 24. 1â— 1 Chron. 21. 1. But to far different ends both Satan and wicked men tempted our Saviour often in the Gospels with an evil minde to an evil end And the sinful Israelites are said often to tempt God by making doubt and trial of his presence Providence Wisdome Power and so by unbelief and murmurings tempting and provoking him to wrath And so Ananias and Sapphira tempted the Spirit of the Lord. And Paul gives the caveat that we tempt not Christ 1 Cor. 10. 9. And again tentations are taken for troubles afflictions persecutions which try the truth and strength of Gods graces in his children And so if God lead into temptation Matth. 26 13. he will with it give you the issue and outgate 1 Cor. 10. 13. Here God doth so wiâ—h Abraham in a marvellous trial of his faith and obedience V. 2. And he said In such a manner as he could not doubt but it was God and no Satanical illusion thy only sonne Isaac Only in thy family Ishmael was gone and we never read he returned but to the burial of his father ch 25. 9. And it seems at this time Abraham had not taken Keturah or had no children by her Thy only Isaac that childe of Promise Heb. 11. 18. Thy only begotton son Heb. 11. 17. namely of Sarah thy lawful wise the freeâ—woman wâ—om thou lovest Above all and that for many good reasons land of Moriah Here afterwards Solomon built the Temple 2 Chron. 3. 1. Moriah had this name afterwards upon the occasion in the fourteenth verse a burnt-offering Not that God intended he should do it But this was for trial of his rare faith and obedience and that in a most extraordinary way and manner For indeed here all that was in Abraham as a Man Father Husband Believer Professor of Religion were put to trial Heb. 11. 19. one of the mountaines It was a mountainous countrey Psal. 125 2. The mountaine or hill Sion was close by it V. 3. Rose up early It seemes the command was given in the night Here in this strange trial is his strange and ready quick obedience and went From Beer-sheba in the land of the Philistines ch 21. 31. 33 34. and v. 19. of this chapter God had told him More particularly then at first v. 2. 4 9. V. 4. The third day Either he went leisurely or some occasions might let and hinder him in his travel V. 5. Abide you here Lest they should hinder him lad The same word used of Joshuah when he was thirty yeares old ch 41. 12. and of Joseph when he was fifty three yeares old as appears in that he lived fourty yeares in the wildernesse and seventeen yeares after Moses death and his whole life was one hundred and ten Josh. 24. 29. and so of Benjamin Gen. 43. 8. when at that time he had nine or ten sons ch 46. 21. And so of Absalom at the time of his death 2 Sam. 18. 29. and come again to you He speaks this as a man astonished and amazed or in humane frailty or as Prophet as Caiaphas did John 11. 49. 50 51. not knowing or meaning what his words would bear Heb. 11. 19. and so v. 8. V. 6. And laid it upon Isaac Isaac a type of Christ in many things Christ the only Sonne of his Father Well-beloved Son in whom he is well-pleased the promised seed bore his Crosse was bound sacrificed meekly submitted being obedient unto death rose again as Isaac from the Altar V. 9. And bound Isaac Telling him no doubt at this time Gods whole command and he having only his fathers word for it yet readily submits and obeyes V. 10. To slay his sonne Heb. 11. 17 18. James 2. 21 22 23. V. 11. And the Angel Christ the Angel of the Covenant who speaks of himself as God v. 12. sweareth by himself and promiseth as God and is called Jehovah v. 16 17 18. Out of Heaven So to Hagar ch 21. 17. V. 12. Lay not thine hand Heb. 11. 19. God accepts the Will for the deed 2 Cor. 8. 12. Against idolaters sacrificing their children both Jewes and Gentiles haply upon this pretended example V. 13. Behinde him Likely that way the Angels voice sounded aram This is for the Lamb mentioned v. 7 8. This he toâ—k as sent from God 1 Pet. 1. 19. V. 14. Jehovah Jirch The Lord will see or will be seen answerable to that v. 8. Mori-Jah is of the same signification so Jehovah-Nissi Exod. 17. 15. Jehovah Shammah Ezech. 48. 35. in the Mount of the Lord it shall be seen The meaning of the proverb is that in due time and place God will help and provide for his children and they shall see it V. 16. By my self have I sworne Heb. 6. 13 14 17 18. Sometimes God doth swear by his Soul Jer. 51. 14. by his Holinesse Amos 4. 2. by his Name Jer. 44. 26. And all this is to swear by himself saith the Lord Thus saith Christ of himself In like manner Ps. 2. 7. for because Not for the merit of this prompt obedience The Promise was freely made afore ch 12. 2. 13. 16. 15. 5. 17. 2 4 5 6 16. But as an occasion of repeating and confirming the Promise finding him rightly qualified and to encourage him and others to the execution of faith and obedience V. 17. In blessing Surely under the name blessing is meant the Promise of eternal salvatation thy seed Isaacs posterity ch 21. 12. possesse the gate Ch. 24. 60. where all publick places were for consultation for judgement Job 31. 21. Deut. 22. 15. 21. 19. Amos 5 12 15. and which were the strongest fortifications The meaning is thy seed shall subject them and bring their strength and government under command their holds and cities Mat 16. 18. V. 18. In thy seed Christ. So the Apostle applies it Gal. 3. 16 18. Jer. 4. 2. Ps. 72 17. Beer-sheba Ch. 21. 31 33 34. V. 20 Milcah Ch. 1. 29. Abraham sends thither for a wife for Isaac ch 24. 15 47. V. 21. Uz In this land Job dwelled Job 1. 1. There is another Uz ch 10. 23. and another ch 36. 28. Buz Job 32. 2. dwelt by his elder brother Uz in Arabia Jer. 25. 20 23 24. Kemuel the father of Aram Aram throughout the Bible is turned in Greek Syria and Syrians as Mizraim is Egypt and Cush Ethiopia V. 22. Bethuel Ch. 24. 15. V. 23. Rebekah Isaacs wife ch 24. 15 67 For this cause chiefly is this Genealogy here set down V. 24. And his Concubine An half wife sometimes called by the name of a wife yet not solemnly betrothed nor taken with dowry nor Partner in the Government of the family but subject to
it be so why am I thus A speech of passion why prayed I why conceived I or why is this strange strugling in my wombe more then in other women to enquire of the Lord By her prayer or by some Prophet as her father in-law Abraham ch 20. 7. or Heber yet living V. 23. Two Nations Esau and Jacob the virtual roots and Original of two Nations Edomites and Israelites two manner of people Differing and disagreeing one from and with another differing in Religion Lawes Manners Affections jarring at variance shall be stronger So Esau stronger then Jacob ch 27. 43. 32. 4 6 13. and ch 33. 3. And a long time the Edomites were more potent then the Israelites Numb 20. 18 20. and the elder shall serve So the Israelites subdued the Edomites 2 Sam. 8. 14. 1 Kings 22. 47. Obad. v. 17 18. And spiritually Jacob got the birth-right v. 33. and Esau despised it v. 34. and he got also the blessing ch 27 29 36. The Lord in Malachi proceeds further saying Though Esau was Jacobs brother yet I loved Jacob and hated Esau Mal. 1. v. 2 3. whence the Apostle gathereth the doctrine of Gods free grace in the election of some and reprobation of others before the doing of good or evil Rom. 9. v. 10 11 12 13. Likely Isaac did not rightly understand this Prediction but Rebekah did which made the one seek so much to favour Esau and the other Jacob. V. 25. Red A signe of the cholerick and cruel disposition found in him and his posterity ch 27. 40. 41. Obad 1. 10. Ezech. 25. 12. His meat red ch 25. 30. his land red ch 32. 3. all over With red haire all over his body ch 27. 11. his name Esau That is made perfected as if he were borne a man rather then a childe V. 26. Took hold on Esaus heele As if he would have pulled him back that he might be borne before him or as if he would overthrow and supplant him A divine presaging what would afterward come to passe v. 23. This striving for the grace and preheminence of the birth-right the Prophet mentioneth Hos. 12. 3 4. Jacob An holder by the heele or supplanter chap. 27. 36. V. 27. A cunning hunter Somewhat like Ishmael or Nimrod valourous fierce a plaine man A good plaine man living a plaine shepherds life keeping home and looking to houshold-affaires ch 4. 20. and a sincere plain-dealing man without guile though at his mothers instance and urging he used too much deceit in getting the blessing ch 27. Shepherds kept in Tents And such was Jacobs trade and his childrens ch 46. 34. V. 28. Because he did eat of his venison By seeing his officiousnesse to please his fathers palate his father might take it as a signe that he did greatly reverence respect and love him and that he would prove the most able and active the fittest for great emploiments and the best and stoutest stay and support of their family yet all this was but carnal and not so suiting to the divine oracle on the behalf of Jacob v. 23. V. 29. Sod pottage This though a small matter conduceth yet and is subservient to that divine Promise ch 27. 29. 2 Sam. 8. 14. V. 30. Red Red is doubled in the Hebrew and pottage omitted to note Esaus haste and his eagernesse of appetite in his extremity of fainting after that mear which his eye first pitched upon there being other meat no doubt in his fathers house and haply fancied too by him for the colour sake if there were not also some cordial in it as saffron or other like thing which gave it that extream red colour called Edom Or Aedom Adam signifieth red red-borne v. 25. and now so greedily desiring red broth and selling for it his birth-right got him this nick-name and brand for it V. 31. Sell me this day thy birth-right The honour of the first-borne was great God in honour calls Israel his sonne his first-borne Exod. 4. 22. and so Ephraim Jer. 31. 9. as first chosen by him of all people to be his peculiar people Ex. 19. 4 5. Deut. 32. 11 12. Ps. 89. 27. yea Christ is called the first-borne among many brethren Rom. 8. 29. This birth-right advanced them to be highest in their Parents affections Zech. 12. 10. to be first in honour next their Parents ch 49. 3. to be Governours of the family under them ch 4. 7. 2 Chro. 21. 3. to the Peiesthood after the fathers death at least till Moses time Numb 8. 14 15. 10. 18 to a double portion Deut. 21. 17. to omit that it might be an outward sign or pledge of being one of those first-born which are written in Heaven Hebr. 12. 23. They being peculiarly consecrated to God in after-times Exod. 22. 29. These rights and priviledges or the most of them together with the Oracle v. 23. might move Jacob to catch at any advantage to gain the birth-right and did move him too to seek it in a way not altogether so lawful as to deny his brother necessary relief in his extremity except upon such hard termes upon such a pinch to drive him for such a price to so unjust a bargain V. 32. At the point to die With this present hunger with dangers in hunting wilde beasts V. 33. Swear See Annot. on ch 24. 3. V. 34. Bread and pottage One morsel of meat Hebr. 12. 16. of lentiles A mean kinde of graine a kinde of pulse 2 Sam. 17. 31. Ezech. 4. 9. eate and drink Never troubled at all for what he had done 1 Cor. 15. 32. despised Irreligiously and profanely Hebr. 12. 16. Though possibly selling so precious a thing for so poor a price he might have a purpose to recover that by force which was got from him by fraud And therefore he pleads his birth-right after this to his father ch 27. 32. CHAP. XXVI Verse 1. BEsides the first famine Ch 12. 10. Unto Gerar From the Well Lahai-roi ch 25. 11. near Beersheba ch 21 14. 33. 34. V. 2. Into Egypt As thy father did and by his example thou mindest to do V. 3. I will give To thee as a sojourner to thy posterity as owners by way of propriety possession and hereditary right all these countreyes Possessed by so many Nations ch 15. 18 19 20 21. to Abraham thy father Thy self being present ch 22. 17 18. V. 4. Stars See Annot. on ch 15. Seed Meaning Christ Gal. 3. 6 18. V. 5. Because that Abraham obeyed On mans part there are conditions required and by the assistance of Gods grace performed and graciously accepted and mentioned as if there were some causality in them for Gods acceptance and performance of his part ch 22. 16. See the Annotat V. 6. And Isaac dwelt in Gerar Where he was borne ch 20. 1. 21. 2. V. 7. She is my sister As his father did through frailty ch 12. 13 19. 20. 2 5 12 13. This true in a sense as Jer. 3. 7 9. Ezech. 16. 46. Mat. 12.
ch 26. 34. the daughter of Anah Called Beeri ch 26. 34. the daughter of Zibeon His Grand-childe And this doth distinguish this Anah from another of the name v. 20. who was the brother of Zibeon and so the Uncle of this Anah the Hivite A Hittite ch 26. 34. The Hivites comprehended the Hittites under them V. 3. And Bashemath Called Mahalath ch 28. 9. V. 6. And Esau took Had taken before Jacobs coming ch 32. 3. 33. 14. and went into the countrey Another countrey Mount Seir v. 8. from the face Before Jacobs coming ch 32. 3. V. 7. For their riches His and his fathers or else all this removing though begun as before yet might receive a full and final accomplishment after Jacobs coming and perhaps after Isaacs death When the riches of the two brethren were more then that they might dwell together in a land wherein they were but only sojourners and haply too that Esau by this time had already hope to get the possession of the land of Seir. V. 8. Seir So named from a man of that name v. 20. God gave it to Esau Deut. 2. 5 12. Josh. 24. 4. V. 11. Eliphaz were Teman Eliphaz the Temanite Job 2. 11. V. 12. And Timna Sister to Lotan the son of Seir v. 20 22. was married to Eliphaz Esaus sonne Thus by marriages and the sword Esau got into the rule and possession of Mount Seir ch 27. 40. 1 Chron. 1. 36. Amalek 1 Chron. 1. 36. A Duke v. 10. Whence came the Amalekites which were so great enemies to Israel Exod. 17. 8 14. V. 13. Revel 1 Chron. 1. 37. V. 15. Dukes Leaders or chief Governours fourteen in number After they had Kings v. 31. and after that Dukes again v 40 41 42 43. V 16. Duke Korah Omitted among the sons of Eliphaz v. 11. and 1 Chron. 1. 36. nor yet that Duke Korah v. 18. he being of another mother V. 20. Seir the Horite Ch. 14. 6. Horites seem to be of the Hivites v. 2. for Zibeon the Hivite v. 2. cometh of this race Their race is mentioned because of the affinities the Edomites made with them and the Edomites being their successors in the land and Government V. 24. This was that Anah Mule The vulgar Latine translates it Buhes Mules ingender not but are ingendred by an He-Asse upon a mare against the Law Lev. 19. 19. This Anah was father-in law to Esau v. 2. 25. V. 26. Children of Dishon Many following are of two names 1 Chron. 1. 41 c. Hemdam Or Amram 1 Chron. 1. 41. V. 27. Akan Or Jakan 1 Chron. 1. 42. V. 28. Dishan And Dishon distinct persons v. 21 28. 1 Chron 1. 38 42. V. 30. Among their Dukes That is Dukedomes For these seven sons of Seir had their Dukedomes at one time in several places being all brethren the sons of Seir ver 20 21. V. 31. And these are the Kings The accomplishment of the Promise to Abraham ch 17. 16. For Kings to proceed from Sarah Thus Esau after his Dukes v. 15 16 17 18 19. had of his posterity eight Kings which bâ—re successively a golden scepter whiles Jacobs posterity was in servitude under a rod of iron in Egypt Before Before Moses time for he was King in Jeshurun Deut. 33. V. 32. These Kings being borne in several places of several kindreds and reigning most in several Cities must therefore reign not by succession but by election or tyranny V. 37. Of Rehoboth A City builded by Nimrod Gen. 10. 11. by the river Euphrates V. 40. And these are the names of the Dukes From Kings they come down to Dukes again eleven here named which haply might be Dukes in several places all at one time The Dukes of Edom are mentioned Exod. 15. 15. at the Israelites coming out of Egypt And the King of Edom mentioned a little before the end of their fourty yeares being in the wildernesse Numb 20. 14. and that may be haply the last King Hadar v. 39. of this chapter If these eleven Dukes were to be counted in succession one after another then must Moses here by the spirit of Prophecie foretell their names and dignities which did succeed when he was dead V. 41. Aholibamah And Timnah likewise v. 40. before the names of women v. 12 14. are here the names of men the father of the Edomites Of Edom from the red pottage and his red haire too ch 25 25 30. CHAP. XXXVII Verse 2. THe generations of Jacob The story of things that did befall him chap. 6. 9. 25. 19. Joseph being seventeen years old And Jacob then one hundred and seven Joseph uourished him seventeen yeares in Egypt before he died was feeding the flock Not idle but a shepherd himselfe with the sons of Bilhab The sonnes of the Handmaids sorted together and Joseph with them rather then with Leah's sons for safety against envie and emulation And specially in safety with Bilhah Rachels handmaid their evil report Of their injurious usage of him or of their evil conversation V. 3. More then all More then any of them all sonne of his old age He was upon ninety at the birth of Joseph and now one hundred and seven Bonjamin was now but about three or foure yeares old and not come yet to any proof to gain so much of his fathers affection of many colours So Tamar had and Kings daughters used them that were Virgins 2 Sam. 13. 18. A signe of Jacobs love an object of his brethrens envie V. 4. More then all his brethren There appeared in him presages of vertuous acts and great employments V. 5. Dreamed See Annot. on ch 20. 3. told it Gods special Providence was in it causing him thus to reveal his dreames V. 7. And made obeisance to my sheaf For corne it was that they went down into Egypt and there did obeisance to Joseph ch 42. V. 8. Reign over us They apply it to themselves as the Midianites did Judg. 7. 13 14. made obeisance to me Twice as Pharaohs dreams chap. 41. 25 32. see it accomplished ch 46. V. 10. And his father rebuked him Partly through ignorance and partly in policy to abate the hatred of his brethren v. 11. and thy mother Stepmother Leah Rachel being dead at this time undoubtedly V. 11. Observed the saying Seeing the dream was doubled and that excellent gifts and graces of mind and body appeared in Joseph Luke 2. 19 51. V. 12. In Shechem Which was from Hebron where his father and Grandfather were v. 14. about sixty miles ch 35. 27. This the place where not foure yeares ago they committed that massacre And ever since likely the lesse inhabited and so more fit for pasturage and freer from danger the terrout of God being still upon the neighbouring places Haply in that place bought ch 33. 19. V. 14. Well with thy brethren Minding haply the massacre they had made there and their possibility of danger by it V. 16. I seek my brethren His fathers care in sending and his
first moneth of the second year of their coming out of Egypt whiles yet they stayed at Mount Sinai Compare together Exod. XL. 2 17. Levit. I. 1. and Chap. XXVII 34. and Num. I. 1. And this was in the 2509 year of the world thus 1656. to the Flood Thence to Abrams birth in the 130 year of Terah 352. Thence to Isaac's birth 100. Thence to Jacob's birth 60. Thence to Jacob's going down into Egypt 130. Thence to the coming out of Egypt 210 and one year after their coming forth in all 2509. And not in the year of the world 2455. or 2514. This Book contains principally the Function and Offices of the Levites And Ceremonials concerning Sacrifices and Feasts Rites and Purifications Delivered by God to Moses out of the Tabernacle of the Congregation when it was newly reared Levit. I. 1. And accordingly is that Levit. XXV 1. to be expounded The moneth of this Book may seeme to be thus spent taken up and subdivided viz 1. Day The Tabernacle Altar and all other things belonging to the Sanctuary reared placed anointed Exod. XL. Levit. VIII The Consecration of Aaron and his sonnes Commanded Exod. XXIX Begun Exod. XL. fully finished Levit. VIII in the space of seven dayes And seven dayes to make an Atonement for the Altar and sanctifie it Exod. XXIX 37. 8. Day The Princes Offerings of six Waggons and twelve Oxen for carriage and service of the Tabernacle Their Offerings at the Dedication of the Altar each Prince on his day which so continued twelve dayes Num. VII And likely during that time of twelve dayes Moses received from the Lord out of the Tabernacle of the Congregation those Lawes for Sacrifices and Offerings Levit. Ch. I VII 8. Day The Consecration of Aaron and his sonnes being ended Aaron doth first Sacrifice Levit. IX In the sacrifices and offerings Levitically are considerable Principally and more Generally The Persons Offerer or Bringer Lev. 1. 4. and 3. 2. and 7. 30. Sacrificer Priests Lev. 1. 6. 2 Chron. 29. 24. Now wine or strong drink When c. Lev. 10. 9. Levites in some part and in some cases 2 Chron. 29. 34. and ch 35. 11 14. Place Lev. 17. 3. 9. Deut. 12. 5 14. and ch 16 5 6. Fire Came down from Heaven Lev 19. 24. See further 1 Kings 18. 38. 1 Chron. 21. 26. 2 Chron. 7. 1. Must never be suffered to go out Lev. 6. 12 13. notwithstanding their journeys in the wildernesse Numb 4 13. Fat in Sacrifices alwayes to be burnt and what fat Lev. 3. 16 17. Other cases when Not to be eaten Leviticus 7. 23 25. To be eaten Leviticus 7. 23 25. Nehemiah 8. 10. To be used otherwise Liviticus 7. 24. Oile Lâ—viticus 2. and 14. Exod. 29. Ezra 7. 22. Salt Levit. 2. 13. Ezek. 43. 24. Mar. 9. 49. Ezra 6. 9. and 7. 22. Blood Never to be eaten Gen. 9. 4. Lev. 7. 26 27. and 17. 10 14. 1 Sam. 14. 13. Deut. 12. 16 23 24 25. In sacrifices Sprinkled sometimes Before the vail of the Sanctuary and upon the hornes of the Altar of incense Lev. 4. 6 7 17 18. Upon the hornes of the Altar of burnt-offerings Lev. 4. 25 30. 34. Round about upon the Altar of Burnt-offering Lev. 1. 5 11. and 3 2 8 13. and 7 2. Wrung out at the side of the Altar Lev. 1 15. and 5. 9. Poured out at the side of the Altar or at the bottome of the Altar Leviticus 4 7 18. 25 30 34 and 8 15. Particularly The Kindes and sorts of them Burnt-offering or Holocaust Lev. 1. Matter of Cattel Herd Oxen or Bullocks Males Flock Sheep Males Goates Males Fowle Tuttle-Doves Young Pigeons Manner and Law of it Lev. 1 and ch 6. 9 13. and ch 7. 8. Numb 10. 10. and ch 15. 5 8 11 12. Meat-offering Lev. 2. Matter of Fine flower No Honey Leaven v. 11. Oile No Honey Leaven v. 11. Incense No Honey Leaven v. 11. Salt No Honey Leaven v. 11. Or of first-fruits in the eare No Honey Leaven v. 11. No Honey Manner and Law of it Lev. 2. and ch 6. 14 18. and 7. 9 10 and 10. 12 13. Numb 15. 1 16. and 18. 9 10. Drink-offering Matter wine Manner Measure and Law of it Lev 23. 13 18 37. Numb 6. 15 17 and ch 15. 5 7 10 24. and ch 28. 7 31. and ch 29. 6 11 39. 1 Chron. 9. 29. and 29. 21. 2 Chron. 29. 35. Ezra 7. 17. Ezek 45. 17. Jer. 44. 17. 2 Kings 16. 13 15. Deut. 32 38. Ezra 7. 12. Meat and drink-offerings ever joyned together Numb 16. 35 12. And joyned almost to all other sacrifices Numb 6. 15 17. 1 Chron. 21. 23. and 29. 21. 1 Kings 8. 64. Ezra 7. 17. 2 Chron. 29. 35 Peace-offerings Or Gratulatory of Thanksgiving Lev. 3. Matter of Herd Oxe or Bullock male or female Flock Lambe male or female Goate male or female Manner and Law of it Lev. 3. and ch 7. 11 34. and 10. 14 15. and ch 22. 23 29 30. Numb 10. 10. touching the wave-breast and heave-shoulder See Lev. 7. 30 34. Sin-offering of ignorance Lev. 4. Of the High-Priest the matter and manner of it Lev. 4. 1 12. and 6. 30. and 10. 16 17 18. Whole Congregation the matter and manner of it Lev. 4. 13 21. and 6. 30. Numb 15. 22 26. Ruler the matter a male and manner of it Lev. 4. 22 26. and ch 6. 25 29. Vulgar the matter a female and manner of it Lev. 4. 27 35. and 6 25 29. Num. 15. 27 28. and 18 9 10 Trespasse-offering for sins of Ignorance Lev. 5. in Divers things ch 51 13. And therein after confession both the matter female and manner of it Holy things Lev. 5. 15 -19 by Diminution or Sacriledge matter and manner of it adding the fifth part with thy estimation Otherwise matter and manner of it with thy estimation Knowledg by Weaknesse in divers cases with the matter a Ram and manner of it Lev. 6. 1. 8. Numb 5. 6 7 8. adding a fifth part with thy estimation Presumption there is no sacrifice for it but death Num. 15. 30 36. As the sin-offering is so is the trespasse-offering there is one law for them Lev. 7. 1 7. And in some things they are hardly distinguishable And the trespasse-offering seems to be for the greater offences Times wherin several sorts of them were to beused And so some were Voluntary free-will-offerings At pleasure as many times the whole burnt-offerings and peace-offerings See those at the Deduction of the Ark 1 Kings 8. 5. 2 Sam. 6. 13 17. Dedication of the Temple 1 Kings 8. 63. Walls of Jerusalem Nehem. 12. 43. Upon voluntary Promise by Vow Lev. 22. 23. and Deut. 12. 17 26. and 23. 21. See here the Law of the Nazarites Numb 6. Injoyned upon Fixt Times Daily morning and evening Exod. 29 38. Numb 28. 3 8 Weekly on the Sabbath-day Numb 28. 9 10. Monethly on the first day Numb 28. 11 15. and 10. 10.
Ps. 81. 3 Esay 1. 13. Yearly at Feasts 3. Solemn of Passeover and Unleavened bread Lev. 23. Weeks Deut. 16. Tabernacles Deut. 16. Others for one day viz. of First-fruits Lev. 23 9. 15. Blowing of trumpets Lev. 23. 24 25. Fast of expiation Lev. 16. and ch 23 27. 32. Incident occassions more Extraordinary as at the Consecration of Aaron and his sonnes Lev. 8. Exod. 29. and ch 40. See Aarons first-offerings Lev. 9. Levities Numb 8. Dedication of the Altar Numbers 7. 10 88. Ordiâ—â— Purification and cleansing of Women after childe-birth Lev. 12. 13 14 15. chapters Leper Lev. 12. 13 14 15. chapters Men in their issues Lev. 12. 13 14 15. chapters Women in theire 〈…〉 Lev. 12. 13 14 15. chapters 9. Day Nadab and Abihu offer Incense with strange fire and are slaine Levit. X. 11 12 13. Dayes Seeme those Lawes given from the Lord to Moses and Aaron touching Beasts Fishes Fowles clean and unclean Ch. XI Moses for Purification of Women in child-birth Ch. XII Moses and Aaron for Leprosies their cleansings Ch. XIII XIV For issues of men and women their cleansings Ch. XV. 14. Day Celebration of the Passeover Num. IX whether the Feast of unleavened Bread for seven dayes was added hereunto is not expressed After the death of Nadab and Abihu Moses receives Lawes from the Lord touching the High Priests coming into the most Holy Place once a year to make an Atonement on the tenth day of the seventh moneth And the maner of it Ch. XVI Place of Sacrificing And touching Blood Ch. XVII Unlawful mixtures and Lusts and other sins And the Punishments of them Ch. XVIII XIX XX. Priests their Holinesse Honour and cleansing Ch. XXI XXII Feasts Ch. XXIII Oile and Lamps And Shew-bread Ch. XXIV 1 9. Shelomiths sonne blasphemeth Ch. XXIV 10 14. Thereafter Moses receiveth Lawes from the Lord touching Blasphemy and Murder Chap. XXIV 15 23. Sabbath-year and Jubile Ch. 25. Idolatry and Religiousnesse with Blessings and Curses Ch. XXVI Vowes and Tythes Chap. XXVII For the better understanding and remembring of this Book And specially of the Offerings and Sacrifices therein contained The Table ensuing and the Directions thereof may give some part of help and furtherance though the same be not in all points perfect and compleat Sacrifices then are of a Divine Institution And were indeed practised by Adam and his children and in all ages But by Moses enlarged with many Observations Circumstances and Prefigurations contained in them Yet not principally commanded nor so much as Morall duties of Piety and Honesty 1 Sam. 15. 22. Psal. L. 5 16. Marke XII 33. Hos. VI. 6. Matth. XII 7. as Joel II. 13. Esay I. 11. and Jer. VI. 20. Amos V. 21. Jer. VII 21 22 23. Of the Cattell The kindes of Beasts and Birds verse 2 for Sacrifices were Oxen Bullocks Sheep Lambs Rams Goats Turtle-Doves young Pigeons The Sparrow or living Bird mentioned Levit. XIV 4. in the cleansing of the Leper was not properly a Sacrifice These Creatures for Sacrifice were of common use for mans sustenance maintenance And so were lawfull to be eaten in civill and common use Deut. XIV 4 26. and Ch. XII 15 21. And they were easie to be had As also Bread Flower Cakes Wafers Wine Salt Oile Frankincense used most in the Meate and Drink-offerings And such likewise are Water Bread and Wine in our Sacraments See Levit. I II III IV. Ch. and Ch. VII v. 11 12 13. A Burnt-Sacrifice In all Burnt-Offerings verse 3 and in such Sin-Offerings whereof any of the Blood was to be brought into the Tabernacle of the Congregation to reconcile withall in the holy place and also in Meat-Offerings of and for a Priest all was to be burnt to the Lord There was nothing left to be eaten by any Levit. I. and Ch. VI. 22 23 30. In all other Sin-Offerings and Trespasse-Offerings besides the fat and kidneys burnt to the Lord All the Flesh was the Priests and to be eaten by him and his And so in all other Meat-Offerings Levit. VI. 16 17 18 26 29. and Ch. VII 6 7 9 10 14. In the Peace-Offerings the Wave-breast and heave or right shoulder were the Priests to be eaten by him and his And the rest of the Flesh belonged to the bringer of the Peace-Offering to be eaten by him and his Levit. VII 31 32 33 34. and v. 15 21. The Levites had no part in any Offerings Burnt-Offerings used for Sinne-Offerings in Jobs time Job XLII 8. At the doore Killed there Because thither it was lawful for the Offerer or Bringer of it to come that he might put his hand upon the head of the Sacrifice Lev. I. 3 4. and III. 2 8 13. and IV. 15 24 29 33. Leaven Leaven generally forbid in Meat-Offerings chapter II verse 11 except in those two mentioned Lev. VII 13. and Ch. XXIII 17. Confesse chapter V verse 5 This Confession of sinne differeth altogether from the Popish Sacramentall Confession That soul shall be cut off from his people This Punishment as it is awarded here against the eating of the flesh of the Peace-Offering chapter VII verse 20 for him who hath any Legal pollution upon him so it is against such who are not circumcised Gen. XVII 14. who eate leavened bread during the Feast of the Passeover Exod. XII 15 19. who do any work on the Sabbath-day Exod. XXXI 14. who eate of the fat of Beasts of which men offer Sacrifices Levit. VII 25. who eate Blood v. 27. and Ch. XVII 10 14. who bring not the Sacrifice to the doore of the Tabernacle to be killed there not elsewhere Levit. XVII 4 9. who eate of the Sacrifice of Peace-Offering on the third day Levit. XIX 8. who give of their Seed to Moloch Levit. XX. 2 3. or kill not such a sinner v. 4 5. who go a whoring after Wizzards and such as have familiar spirits v. 6. who commit incest v. 17. or lie with a woman in her sicknesse v. 18. who goeth unto the holy things which the children of Israel hallow unto the Lord having his uncleannesse upon him Levit. XXII 3. who doth any work or is not afflicted on the Fast-day of Atonement Levit. XXIII 29 30. who keep not the Passeover Num. IX 13. who sinne presumptuously Num. XV. 30 31. who being unclean do not purifie themselves Num. XIX 13 20. who being idolaters come to a Prophet to enquire concerning the Lord Ezek. XIV 8. This kinde of punishment hath variation of phrases in the expressions in Scripture thus shall be cut off utterly cut off cut off from Israel from the Congregation of Israel from among the Congregation in the sight of their people from the midst of my people cut off from the earth cut off from my presence which likely do import various kindes and degrees of punishments according to the nature of the sinnes spoken to in them How farre this phrase advanceth the Jewish Excommunication I leave to further consideration The
the year of Jubile began with Blowing of Trumpets on the tenth day of that moneth which also was the day of Expiation Levit. XXV 9. And the Feast of Tabernacles for seven dayes followed after in the same moneth Twelve Cakes The twelve Cakes of Shew bread chapter XXIV verse 5 each of an equall and of a good bignesse set in two rows six on a row seeme to be two rows in Longitude upon the Table one by another And so the Frankincense upon each Cake rather then in Altitude one upon another And so but one Frankincense upon either row See v. 6 7. The Table being two Cubits long and one Cubit broad Exod. XXV 23. And the Frankincense being to be burned every Sabbath Levit XXIV 7 9. yet some make them to be two rows six upon one another in either row on heaps in height In the Temple there were ten Tables of Shew-bread five on the right hand and five on the left 1 Chron. 28. 16. 2 Chron. IV. 8. A Jubile The Jubile-year had all the priviledges of the Sabbath-year chapter XXV verse 11 and more besides Levit. XXV Fruit for three years Viz verse 21 the year before the Sabbath-year and the Sabbath-year and the year after it till the plowing and sowing at the end of the Sabbath-year came to an harvest in the end of the third year Esay XXXVII 10. Numbers THis Book begins with the year of the World Not the 2455 or 2544 But the 2514 or rather 2510 and a little over Thus 2369 to the end of Genesis and death of Joseph Thence 60 to the birth of Moses Thence 80 to the coming of the Israelites out of Egypt And thence 1 year and one moneth to the beginning of this Book which is the second year second moneth first day of their coming out It containes an History not of 39 years but expressely of 38. years and 9 moneths Num. I. 1. and Ch. XXXIII 48 49. compared with Deut. I. 3 4 5. That in Num. IX 1 c. is but a Rehearsal of what was both given in charge and was done before And some other like Repetitions there are 603550. chapter I verse 46 From twenty years old and upwards besides the Levites A wonderful multiplication from seventy persons in 211. yeares yet fairly possible Whereas if they had been in Egypt it self 400 years then their spawning or multiplying there had been very small considering that from three persons that came out of the Arke with Noah within the space of 400 years to the time of Abraham issued such infinite numbers and troops of people in severall Kingdomes and Countreys in the world as out of the Sacred Text and Storie doth plainly appear The Order of the Camp chapter II III and march of the Israelites in the Wildernesse Ch. II. and III. is thus viz The Tabernacle in the middest and Center of all the Hoast Round about the Tabernacle the Levites camped and marched viz On the West the Gershonites Num. III. 23. South the Kohathites Num. III. 29. North the Merarites Num. III. 35. East Moses Aaron his sons Num. III. 38 Males from a moneth old and upwards 7500. 8600. 6200. 22300. Round about the Levites at a good distance Josh. III. 4. Camped and Marched on the East-side Judah and in his Camp Issachar and Zebulun likely on either side or each hand of Judah he being in the midst And so in the other Camps following South-side Reuben and in his Camp Simeon and Gad. West-side Ephraim and in his Camp Manasse and Benjamin North-side Dan and in his Camp Asher and Naphtali Num. II. and X. Chap. In all 603550. And this is the same number of Males from twenty years old and upwards when they gave a Bekah or ten Gerahs each man that is half a Shekel after the Shekel of the Sanctuary to the building of the Tabernacle Exod. XXXVIII 26. As was commanded Exod. XXX 11 16. In the last numbering in the wildernesse in the fourtieth year after the death of Aaron and the death of that Generation for their rebellion and murmuring Num. XIV 29 35. The males from 20 years old and upwards all that were able to go to warre were 601730. The Levites still numbered not with them but by themselves Num. XXVI 51. 22000. chapter III verse 39 300 Male-Levites are omitted in this summe as appears out of ver 22 28 34. which make up 22300. being all the males from a moneth old and upwards And the First-born males of all the children of Israel in the twelve Tribes from a moneth old and upwards being 22273. Ch. III. 43. which argues at least twenty seven males in each family And the surplusage of 273. verse 46. being redeemed at five Shekels apiece amounting to 1375. Shekels verse 50 All this argues the foresaid 300. male-Levites to be wittingly left out in the casting up of the summe most likely omitted so Because they were such First-born of the Levites as were born from the time of the coming out of Egypt to the time of this reckoning and in that regard were sanctified to God as his own by his Law and challenge Exod. XIII 2. and so could not come into the number of the other Levites which were to be changed for the First-borne of the other Tribes and in their stead to be substituted and appropriated to God and his service This number of the Levites was very farre lesse then were of each other Tribe Ch. III. with Ch. I. The number of the least Tribe from twenty years old and upward males able to go forth to warre being 3200. Of the greatest 74600. And the number of the male-Levites from a moneth old and upwards being onely 22300. The charge of Aaron chapter III IV and his sons joyntly and of Eleazar and Ithamar distinctly and of the Kohathites Gershonites and Merarites severally is prescribed in the taking down and carrying and setting up of the Tabernacle See Ch. X. 17 21. From thirty The Levites at the age of thirty years chapter IV verse 3 entered into the full possession of their Offices to waite upon the service of the Tabernacle Num. IV. 3. At the age of twenty five they entered or might enter upon them as Novices and subservients in some secondary or inferiour administrations as Probationers and Proficients Num. VIII 24. And when the Temple should be builded they were ordered to begin and enter at twenty years of age 1 Chron. XXIII ver 24 27. Ezra III. 8. And that by Davids appointment together with the Prophets Gad and Nathan 2 Chron. VIII 14. and Ch. XXIX 25. They continued in their Offices till fifty Num. IV. 3 47. At fifty they ceased waiting upon the service of the Tabernacle but were Overseers there Ch. VIII 25 26. And in their several Cities as being well experienced in the Judicial Laws they judged of matters brought before them The Levites Offices distinct from the Priests are set down in many particulars 1 Chron. XXIII 28 32. David
wildernesse and seven of Joshua's Government untill this time And Caleb here ver 9 14. And Joshua Ch. XIX 49 50. did both aske and both had certain inheritances given them two according to the word of the Lord. The City and Suburbs of Hebron were given to the Priests for a City of refuge The fields and Villages thereof to Caleb Ch. XXI 11 12 13. Caleb Not that Caleb chapter XV verse 16 1 Chron. II. 18 42. the sonne of Hezron unlesse by sonne we understand great-grand-childe But Caleb that is constantly called the sonne of Jephunne And Othniel constantly called the sonne of Kenaz are here yet called brethren And Othniel is again called the younger brother of Caleb Judg. I. 13. and III. 9. which could not be except by one mother But Othniel marrying the daughter of Caleb ver 17. And cosen-germans Nephews and the like being often called brethren in Scripture It is likely that either Iephunne and Kenaz were brethren and so Caleb and Othniel cosen-germans or that Caleb and Kenaz were brethren and so Othniel Calebs Nephew or that the Kenezite mentioned Num. XXXII 12. might be Grandfather to them both But no certainty appears for any further determination Separate The bordering Cities of the children of Ephraim chapter XVI verse 9 were between or among the inheritance of the children of Manasseh See also ch XVII 8 9. And as Ephraim had part in Manasseh so Manasseh had Cities in Issachar and in Asher ch XVII 11. The Portion Ten portions to Manasseh chapter XVII verse 5 that is five portions to the five sons mentioned ver 2. And the portion of the sixth son who was Hopher was divided into five portions among his grandchildren the daughters of Zelophahad which so made up ten portions though the five last were but as big as one of the former five One lot Both Ephraim and Manasseh seek for a larger portion and Lot then what did befall them in the General Division verse 14 Shiloh Shiloh was on the North-side of Bethel chapter XVIII verse 1 on the East-side of the high-way from Bethel to Shechem on the South of that Lebanon Judg. XXI 19. And so situated on the border between Ephraim and Benjamin yet belonged to Ephraim not to Benjamin Judg. XXI 1 21. There was the Tabernacle as was formerly said There were the Lots cast for seven Tribes Josh. XVIII 8. Thence were the two Tribes and a half dismissed to their Possessions after the warre Josh. XXII 9. And thither were the whole Congregation of Israel gathered to go up to warre against them upon a wrong surmise concerning the Altar Ed ver 12. Thither came all the other Tribes to aske counsel of the Lord in their warre against the Tribe of Benjamin and there was their Camp Judg. XX. 18. and XXI 12. and XIX 18. Thither came Elkanah and Hannah to worship and Samuel ministred there before the Lord 1 Sam. I. 3. and II. 11. and III. 21. And there the Prophet Ahijah dwelt in the dayes of the first Jeroboam 1 King XIV 2. Tabernacle The Tabernacle coming over Jordan was first set up in Gilgal Not that Gilgal of the Nations Josh. XII 23. Gen. XIV 1. Esay IX 1. whence haply Galilee might take its name But that Gilgal in the Tribe of Benjamin Josh. IV. 19 20. Afterwards in Joshua's time it was set up here in Shiloh in the Tribe of Ephraim near the Center of the Land which was by Sichem Ch. XXIV 1 25 26. And Bochim Judg. II. 1 5. may seeme to be conjoyned to it It may seeme to be fetched thence for a present use to that solemne Assembly at Shechem in Joshua's time Ch. XXIV 1 26. But being returned to Shiloh it continued there above three hundred years at least till the death of Eli 1 Sam. I. 3 9 24. and II. 14. and III. 3 21. and IV. 3. It may seeme to be again at Gilgal with the Ark in Samuel and Sauls time 1 Sam. X. 8. and Ch. XI 15. But soone after we surely finde it to be at Nob in the Tribe of Benjamin near Anathoth Neh. XI 32. when David came thither in his flight from Saul 1 Sam. XXI 1 9. After that sacrilegious slaughter of eighty five Priests by Saul at Nob 1 Sam XXII 18. it was soon removed in the dayes of David to Gibeon in the same Tribe of Benjamin and not farre from Bethel the City first of the wily Gibeonites Hivites but after given to the Priests Josh. IX and ch XXI 17. See 1 Chron. XVI 39 40. and XXI 29. and 2 Chron. I. 3 5 6 13. 1 King III. ver 4 5. And lastly when Solomon had built the Temple he brought the Tabernacle thence to Jerusalem 1 King VIII 4. 2 Chron. I. 3 5 6 13. and ch V. 5. And placed it likely in and among the Treasuries of the Temple For the Ark see the Observations on 1 Sam. IV. 3. Tabor A Mountain in the Tribe of Issachar chapter XIX verse 22 or bordering on it near to Mount Carmel See Joshua XIX 26 34. Here Barak was with his ten thousand men against Sisera Judg. IV. 6 12 14. See more of this in my Annotations on Hos. V. 1. Tyre Called the strong City verse 29 whence it hath its name Tsor in Hebrew signifying a Rock situate like Venice in the Sea A famous Port and Mart-town in Phoenicia the lower part of Syria whence the whole Countrey is supposed to take the name of Syria omitting the letter t in Tsor More of this see in my Annotations on Amos. I. 9. Bethshemesh A City in the Tribe of Naphtali verse 38 ver 32. and 39. Judg. I. 33. Another in the Tribe of Judah given to the Priests Josh. XXI 16. 1 Chron. VI. 59. 1 Sam. VI. 12. 2 King XIV 13. Another also in Egypt Jer. XLIII 13. the same as is supposed with On Gen. XLI 45. by the Greeks called Heliopolis and now Damiata The word signifies a City or House of the Sunne As also Kirharesheth a City in Moab Esay XVI 7. hath the same denomination And all because of Temples and Idol-service used there by the ancient inhabitants to the Sunne From which the Jewes sometimes were not altogether free 2 King XXIII 5 11. Cities of refuge The sixe Cities of refuge belonged to the Levites chapter XX verse 2 that is Hebron and Shechem to the Koathites Golan and Kedesh to the Gershonites Bezer and Ramoth to the Merarites Josh. XX. and XXI Chapters In Galilee Galilee is often mentioned in the Old Testament verse 7 See ch XXI 32. 1 King IX 11. 2 King XV. 29. 1 Chron. VI. 76. Esay IX 1. Galilee divided into the Upper in the Tribe of Naphtali and the Lower in the Tribe of Zabulon verse 11 both coasting about the beginning of Jordan The Upper is called Galilee of the Gentiles because both Populous and replenished with many Gentiles as lying nearest to them 1 King IX 11. Matth. XV. 21. Mar. VII 31. And so is Harosheth
called Harosheth of the Gentiles Judg. IV. 2. as lying in that Tribe of Naphtali Thirteen Thirteen Cities with their Suburbs in title and dominion given to the Priests Josh. chapter XXI verse 19 XXI 4. See the Annotations on 1 Chron. VI. 59. Though one of them at that time was too much for their present use and habitation we reading but of three of them in number about fifty years before this time Called The two Tribes and a half dismist chapter XXII verse 1 likely at the end of sixe or seven years before the Division of the Land and stayed not fourteen yeers till after the Division which Division might yet possibly be made sooner then so Josh. XX. 11. Divide This Dividing the spoile with their brethren verse 8 those that stayed at home beyond Jordan seemes to relate to that Num. XXXI 27. And David seemes hereupon to revive and enact that Law of like Division 1 Saem XXX 24 25. Mention of the name The not naming of Idols is mentioned chapter XXIII verse 7 as here so Exod. XXIII 13. Deut. XII 3. Psal. XVI 4. And a like Ephes. V. 3. Yet the thing in it self is not simply and absolutely unlawful Shechem Shechem was a City in Mount Ephraim chapter XXIV verse 1 Josh. XX. 7. North-North-East from Shiloh and Bethel and close by Mount Gerizim and Ebal Judg. IX 7. Here Abraham and Jacob had sojourned And Jacobs two sonnes Simeon and Levi young men upon Dinah's ravishment murthered the Citizens Gen. XXXIV Here after Gideons death the Citizens worshipped Baal-Berith and rebelled with Abimelech and were after punished and spoyled by him Judg. IX This City in Ioshua's time was made a City of Refuge and given to the Kohathite-Levites Iosh. XXI 21. And here Ioshua made a Covenant with all the people to serve the Lord Chap. XXIV ver 25. The Mount Ephraim whereon the City stood was famous for Burials Here they buried Iosephs bones in Shechem in a parcel of ground which Iacob bought of the children of Hamor or Emor Josh. XXIV 32. Acts VII 16. Gen. XXXIII 19. Here was great Ioshua himself an Ephraimite buried in his inheritance in Timnath-Scrah or Here 's which is in Mount Ephraim on the North-side of the hill Goash Josh. XXIV 30. Judg. II. 9. And here was the High-Priest Eleazar buried in an Hill that pertained to Phineas his son which was given him in Mount Ephraim Josh. XXIV 33. Here Deborah dwelt Judg. IV. 5. And Tola the Judge ch X. 1. Hither came Rehoboam to be made King But Jeroboam was there made King in his stead who built or fortified the City and dwelt there 1 King XII 1 20 25. Judges THE Book of JUDGES contains an History not of four hundred and ten years but of two hundred ninty and nine years So Counting the years of the VI. Oppressors within the years and times of the Judges as I have shewed they necessarily must upon Rahabs marriage with Prince Salmon Josh. II. And so Expounding the Texts following according to the truth of the times thus That the Land had Rest by Othniel in the fourtieth year after it was first settled in Rest by Ioshua at his Death Judg. III. 11. not after the Death of Moses And again had Rest by Ehud in the eightieth year after the former Rest by Othniel Ch. III. 30. And again had Rest by Deborah in the fourtieth year after the former Rest by Ehud Ch. V. 31. And again had Rest by Gideon in the fourtieth year after the former Rest by Deborah Ch. VIII 28. These make up two hundred years And then follow three of Abimelech twenty three of Tolah twenty two of Jair sixe of Jephthah seven of Ibzan ten of Elon eight of Abdon twenty of Sampson which make np the other ninty nine years in all two hunded ninty nine The text Judg. IV. 3 4. seemes to accord with rhis reckoning and to accompt Jabins Oppression within the years of Deborah But yet counting beside these the times of the VI. Oppressors distinctly over and above which amount to one hundred and eleven years and is according to the seeming letter of the texts And then fourty years of Eli being added thereunto the summe ariseth to those 450. years mentioned by Paul Acts XIII 20. But reading the words of Saint Paul as in order they stand there in the Original and after these things about four hundred and fifty years he gave them Judges untill Samuel the Prophet we may rather conceive the four hundred and fifty years to comprehend all the time from the choosing of the Fathers till the Division of the Land by Joshua it being four hundred fifty two from the Birth of Isaac and four hundred fourty seven from the Rejection of Ishmael both wayes about four hundred and fifty wherein those things mentioned ver 18 19 20. were done and accomplished And after that time he gave them Judges until Samuel the Prophet And after that time He gave them Kings And thus the most learned Primate of all Ireland hath it in his learned Annals This Book seemes written of and concerning the Judges as the Book of Ruth concerning Ruth And long after their times As may seeme to be gathered by those phrases remaine unto this day and the like Ch. I. 21 26. and VI. 24. and X. 4. and XV. 19. And Ch. XVIII 30. must needs have relation at soonest to the captivity of the Arke in the dayes of Samuel 1 Sam. IV. 17. Psal. LXXVIII 60 61. Asked They asked the Lord chapter I verse 1 by Phineas the High Priest who by Urim and Thummim makes answer Num. XXVII 21. Both which were on or in the Breastplate and the Breastplate was annexed to the Ephod Exod. XXVIII 28 30. and XXXIX 21. which made David call for the Ephod and High Priest thereby to enquire of the Lord 1 Sam. XXIII 9 10 11 12. and Ch. XXVIII 6. So Ezra II. 63. See more on 1 Sam. XXIII 9. Bezek Bezek a City in the tribe of Iudah verse 4 not farre from Ierusalem lying from it South-West and midway between 〈◊〉 and Bethlehem Adoni-Bezek verse 5 Of him see on Iosh. X. 1. Said verse 7 seventy Kings His seventy Kings subdued and mangled by him must needs be very pettie Kings of Provinces or Cities if not such Princes as are now in Germany where all the brethren of a Prince are called Princes likewise And these seventy were such as in the time of all his reigne and tyranny Adoni-bezek had subdued He was brought from Bezek to Ierusalem to be made a publike example there Ierusalem Iudah had taken Ierusalem verse 8 slaine the inhabitants and burnt the City i. e. that part of it which belonged to Iudah Iosh. XV. 8. yet so as the Jebusite still dwelt therein with the children of Iudah ver 63. even till Davids time 2 Sam. V. 6 7 8. And Benjamin did the like and no more with their part of Ierusalem Judg. I. 21. yet both had little hold in it
of those two families severally But Abiathar the father of Abimelech was then the supreme and only High Priest The Cherethites verse 18 and the Pelethites Of these see the great Annotations on this Text Mourning was past David marries her when she was with childe chapter XI verse 27 in some hope thereby also to cover his sinne Solomon The elder brother of Nathan chapter XII verse 24 by Bathsheba or Bathshua the daughter of Eliam or Ammiel though Nathan be rancked before â—olomon 2 Sam. V. 14. 1 Chron. III. 5. and XIV 4. Crowne The weight and worth of the King of Ammons Crowne verse 30 a Crowne of State too weighty to wear Shobi the brother of Hanun and sonne of Nahash seemes by David to be made King in Hanuns place which makes him to shew such kindnesse to David in his flight from Absalom ch XVII 27. 28. After fourty years Absalom chapter XV verse 7 whose hair weighed not was worth above three pounds at sixteen ounces to the pound when yearly poll'd 2 Sam. XIV 25 26. Begins his Rebellion against David after fourty years 2 Sam. XV. 7. not after fourty since David was anointed in Hebron but since he was anointed by Samuel 1 Sam. XVI 13. And he ends his Rebellion with hanging by his hair as his halter or by his head rather where he is slaine first by Joab after by Joabs armour-bearers 2 Sam. XVIII 14 15 That the fourty years aforesaid did take their Beginning and commencement as aforesaid and so fell in with the twenty second or twenty third year of Davids age with the seventh or eighth year before he actualy began his reigne at Hebron and ended at the thirty second or thirty third year of his real reigne and about seven years before his death appears in this That at this time of Absaloms rebellion David was a strong man 2 Sam. XV. 36. and ch XVII 8 10. and XVIII 2. And afterwards also ch XXI 15. whereas in the fourtieth and last year of his reigne and life he was bed-rid 1 King I. 1 2. And after the businesse of this Rebellion was carried on and ended we read of three yeares of famine 2 Sam. ch XXI I. And of the hanging up of ten of Sauls sons and grand-sons ver 8 9 10. and of the gathering of the bones of them that were hanged and the burying of them afterwards in another place ver 13 14. As also of warres yet againe raised by the Philistines and battels fought with them at four several times In the first of which David himself was in person and in present danger ver 15 22. And besides neere ten moneths were taken up in numbering the people Ch. XXIV 8. And upon the occasion of the Pestilence following thereupon The Threshing-Floore of Araunah being found to be the place where the Temple was to be builded 1 Chron. XXII 1. with 2 Chron. III. 1. David doth instruct Salomon about his dutie in the building of it and doth encourage him to do it and chargeth the Princes to assist him therein 1 Chron. XXII And causing him to be suddenly anointed King to suppresse the seditious and ambitious attempt of Adoniah And having afore ordered the Courses and Offices of the Levites Priests Singers Porters for the Service of the Temple 1 Chron. XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI Ch. He gives Solomon Patterns and Materials for the Building tells him of the Courses of the Priests and Levites which he had Ordered Ch. XXVIII And himself offers of his own goods magnificently and procures the Princes and People to Offer willingly towards the said Building And concludes with Thanksgiving and Prayer to God And the People blesse God and offer Sacrifices and make Solomon King the second time Ch. XXIX And lastly on his death-bed David gives Solomon charge to serve God as also concerning Joab and Barzillai and Shimei and dieth 1 King II. All which may well take up the seven last years of Davids reigne and life In the wood of Ephraim Not that Ephraim had any wood or land on the East-side of Jordan chapter XVIII verse 6 But the name might seeme to rise from the great defeat given there to Ephraim by Jephthah Judg. XII 5 6. Amasa Davids gentlenesse and courtesie to spare and honour Amasa chapter XIX verse 13 notwithstanding his chief hand in rebellion against him 2 Sam. XVII 25. slew Goliath His brother Lahmi chapter XXI verse 19 as it is explained 1 Chron. XX. 5. And so Michal for Michals sister ver 8. of this Chapter The words brother and sister being left out by an Eclipsis not unusual specially in the short idiome of the Hebrewes and in cases so well known This Psalme of Praise and Thanksgiving is the same with Psalme XVIII chapter XXII The difference is very little Here are Davids Worthies towards the end of his reigne chapter XXIII These in all thirty seven 2 Sam. XXIII 39. whereof Joab one the General and Captaine of the hoast 1 Chron. XI 6. Six chief Worthies or Colonels And of them the first three above the other three And the first three Adino or Jacobeam Eleazar and Shammah exceeding the other three Abishai the chief of the second three and Benaiah the son of Jehoiadah and Asahel who was one not of the thirty but above the thirty for there are thirty named after him The three first or three chief over the thirty ver 13. are described as otherwise so by their valiant Acts both distinctly and joyntly 2 Sam. XXIII 8 17. And so the two first of the next three And these six likely were each of them over five of the thirty following and their Regiments The Catalogue of Davids Worchies 1 Chron. XI was taken when David began his reign at Hierusalem or before The number there is fourty seven besides the first three and the second three And well might the number be more at that beginning of his reigne then at the end of it some of them dying in the meane time And of others some might have two different names The chief of all the Worthies slayes three hundred himself aud likely in the pursuit at the same time 500. more by himself or with his company in all eight hundred Of him see more 1 Chron. XXVII 2 3. The second defies the Philistines when the men of Israel were fled away and in a parcel of ground full of Barley slew the Philistines till his hand clave unto the sword and wrought a great victory and deliverance Of his father see 1 Chron. XXVII 4 The third did the like in a piece of ground full of Lentiles Of the other three 1. Abishai the brother of Joab 2. Asahel another brother and Captain for the fourth moneth 1 Chron. XXVII 7. slaine by Abner whiles David reigned in Hebron 3. Benaejah the Captaine of Davids guard the Cherethites and Pelethites 2 Sam. VIII 18. And Captaine for the third moneth 1 Chron. XXVII 5 6. And afterwards by Solomon made General of the Hoast in
31. Ahazia the son of Ahab began to reigne in the seventeenth yeare of Jehoshaphat King of Judah and reigned two years Jehoram the other son of Ahab begins to reigne in the second year of Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat 2 Kings I. 17. and in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat and reigned twelve years 2 Kings III. 1. Jehoshaphat began to reigne in the fourth year of Ahab 1 Kings XXII 41. and reigned twenty five years 2 Chron. XX. 31. Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat began to reigne in his fathers life-time and in the fifth year of Jehoram of Ahab and reigned eight years 2 Kings VIII 16 17. Ahaziah Kings of Judah and son of Jehoram King of Judah began to reigne in the twelfth year of Jehoram of Ahab 2 Kings VIII 25. in his eleventh year chap. IX 29. Ahaziah himself being then twenty two years old 2 Kings VIII 26. or fourty two years old 2 Chron. XXII 2. And he reigned one year 2 Kings VIII 26. 2 Chron. XXII 2. All the doubts arising from the Premises are fairly cleared as followeth viz. Jehoshaphat King of Judah beginning to reigne in the fourth year of Ahab King of Israel And Jehoram King of Israel and Ahaziah King of Judah being both slaine by Jehu in one yeare Therfore between their deaths And the first of Jehoshaphat or fourth of Ahab there must be one and the same distance and period of time Which agrees well thus In the line of Israel eighteen years remaining of Ahabs twenty two 1 Kings XVI 29. Two of Ahaziah but one of them in his fathers life-time and twelve of Jehoram in all 31. And so in the line of Iudah twenty five of Iehoshaphat and eight of Iehoram whereof two at least in his fathers life-time and Ahaziah but a piece of a year in all thirty one Now Ahaziah of Israel beginning to reigne in the seventeenth of Iehoshaphat shewes that Ahab had made him Viceroy the year before his death for Ahab died in the eighteenth of Iehoshaphat And so this Ahaziah reigned but one year himself alone And Iehoram the other son of Ahab beginning to reigne in the second year of Iehoram the son of Iehoshaphat shewes That Iehoshaphat had made his son Iehoram his Viceroy the same year that Ahab had done the like viz. the year before their going to battel to Ramoth-Gilead which battell was in the last of Ahab and eighteenth of Iehoshaphat And Iehoram the son of Iehoshaphat beginning to reigne in the fifth year of Iehoram of Ahab and that being in the time of Iehoshaphats own reigning and Iehoram reigning from that time eight years shewes that Iehoshaphat made his son of Voiceroy King joynt with himself in the twenty third year of his reigne two years before his death And so this Iehoram reigned as King two years in his father Iehoshaphats life-life-time and six years after his death Not four years in his life-life-time and four years after his death as is usualy averred And Ahaziah of Iudah upon the premises begins to reigne upon the twelfth year beginning or eleventh year ending of Iehoram of Israel And Iehoram the father of this Ahaziah beginning to reigne in the thirty two year of his age and reigning eight years and dying at fourty 2 Kings VIII 17 24 This Ahaziah cannot possibly be fourty two but twenty two when he began to reigne his father being married to Athaliah his mother in the eighth year of Iehoshaphats reigne And those fourty two years must needs relate to another time then Ahaziah's age and do justly agree with the number of years of the continuance of Omri his race in the royal Throne from whom this Ahaziah descended by his mother Athaliah and in whom and Omries grandchilde Jehoram it ended Thus Omri alone after the death of Tibni six or seven years 1 Kings XVI 23 29. Ahab twenty two Ahaziah alone one Jehoram twelve in all fourty two And the Hebrew expression in 2 Chron. XXII 2. is this A sonne of fourty two years was Ahaziah inhis reigning which may have a relation to a continuance in a stock And a passage and computation not unlike to this is that 2 Chron. XV. 19. and chap. XVI 1. from the beginning of the division of the two Kingdomes of Judah and Israel This Ahaziah of Judah is otherwise called Azariah 2 Chron. XXII 6. and Jehoahaz chap. XXI 17. and Joahaz 2 Chron. XXV 23. For the times of the reignes of Uzziah Jotham Ahaz and Hezekiah Kings of judah And of Zuchariah Shallum Menachem Pekiah Pekah Hosheah Kings of Israel take this as followeth Vzziah being smitten with Leprosie in his old age for attempting to offer Incense on the Altar of Incense his son Jotham was over the Kings house judging the people of the Land 2 Chron. XXVI 21. This seemes to be four years before his father Uzziah's death And so may seeme to extend after a sort the number of the years of Jothams reigne to twenty 2 Kings XV. 30. whereas Jotham reigned only sixteen years after the death of his father Uzziah 2 Kings XV. 33. Jotham begins his sixteen in the second of Pekah's twenty 2 Kings XV. 32. In Iothams dayes Pekah and Rezin begin to trouble Iudah 2 Kings XV. 37. Ahaz begins his sixâ—een in the seventeenth of Pekah's twenty 2 Kings XVI 1. Then doth the danger by Pekah and Rezin increase He is spoiled by them and by the Edomites and the Philistines 2 Chron. XXVIII And by the Assyrian partly helped and partly distressed Hezekiah begins his twenty nine in the third of Hoshea 2 Kings XVIII 1 2. that is the third after his first nine 2 Kings XVII 1. which ninth falls in with the ending of the twelftth of Ahaz and that third after it falls in with the beginning of the sixteenth and last of Ahaz 2 King XV. 8 13. Zachariah begins in the thirty eight of Uzziah Shallum begins in the thirty nine of Uzziah Menachem begins his ten in the thirty nine of Uzziah 2 King XV. 17. Then Pul King of Assyria made an attempt upon Menachem ver 18 19 20. Pekahiah begins his two in the fiftieth of Vzziah 2 King XV. 23. Pekah begins his twenty in the fifty two of Vzziah 2 King XV. 27. And so Pekah's first and Uzziah's last are in one year In Pekah's dayes Tiglath-Pelezer captived Galilee and Naphtali into Assyria 2 King XV. 29. Hoshea rules and reignes eighteen years For thirty eight yeares are from the first of Jotham to the sixth of Hezekiah And so many must be from the first of Pekah to the end and last of Hoshea And Pekah reigning twenty the remain for Hoshea must needs be eighteen Hoshea begins in the twentieth of Jotham 2 King XV. 30. that is from the beginning of his reigne from the beginning of his sixteenth For Jothams fourth in his father Uzziah's time did precede his sixteene And his sixteene ended in the seventeenth of Pekah when Jothams son Ahaz began to reigne 2 King XVI 1. So that
verse 9 The Princes by their authority and in the Kings name made way for them so to do with the better courage countenance and successe Philistines These verse 11 and the Arabians subdued by Asa chap. XIV 14 15. Numbers See the Observations on chap. verse 14 XIII 3. Waited Waited in their Courses verse 19 some at one time some at another Jehoshaphat Jehoshaphat marries his sonne Jehoram to Athaliah chapter XVIII verse 1 Ahabs daughter And this in the eighth year of Jehoshaphats reign as appears by the age of Ahaziah succeeding his father Jehoram in the Kingdome when he was two and twenty years old 2 Kings VIII 18 26 27. 2 Chron. XXII 2. with chap. XXI 5. went down to Ahab In the twenty two and last year of Ahabs reign verse 2 and life And in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat Ramoth Gilead See the Observations on 2 Kings VIII 28. at a venture Gods Providence verse 33 See the Observations on Ester V. 8. and on Ezek. I. 18. Wrath Wrath deserved by him chapter XIX verse 2 and appearing on him chapter XVIII 31 and XX. 1. from Beershebah to Mount Ephraim The South and North borders of the Kingdome of Judah verse 4 set As Jehoshaphats Commission for teaching throughout the Kingdome was chap. verse 8. 11. XVII 9. So here is his High-Commission-Court at Jerusalem 2 Chron. XIX 8 11. following therein the Ordinance of Moses Deut. XVII and XIX See the Observations on Deut. XVII 8 13. Hazazon-Tamar Gen. chapter XX verse 2 XIV 7. Called also Engedi a Citie of the tribe of Judah Josh. XV. 62. thy friend So Esay XLI verse 7 8. James II. 23. cliffe of Ziz And so the Wildernesse of Jervel verse 16 both in the tribe of Judah near Tekoah and Berakah ver XX. 26. Korhites Korhites that descended of that Korah the sonne of Izhar the sonne of Kohath swallowed up of the earth Num. XVI 1. 32. These were singers in the Temple and some of them Porters Praise the Lord Psal. verse 21 CXXXVI So chap. XXIX 27. began to sing In assurance of victory verse 22 three dayes A rich spoile verse 25 of Jehu See the Annotations on chap. verse 34 XIX 2. in the book 1 King XVI 1. joyned himself Jehoshaphat first verse 36 it seemes refusing to have Ahaziah to joyne with him to make ships to go to Tarshish 1 Kings XXII 49. doth at last yeeld and is reproved by Eliezer and the ships are broken Not that he joyned first and refused after upon the Prophets reproof for then the ships might well have been unbroken But however Here the good King falls once and again into the same fault of joyning himself with wicked Ahaziah as formerly he had done with wicked Ahab chap. XVIII 1 2 3. and chap. XIX 2. As we see the like in Abraham Gen. XII 13. with chap. XX. 2. Jehoshaphat King of Israel Jehoshaphat here is called King of Israel chapter XXI verse 2 that being then a distinct Kingdome from his So again are the Princes called ver 4. And Ahaz likewise 2 Chron. XXVIII 19 27. And Darius is called King of Assyria Ezra VI. 22. And Artaxerxes King of Babylon Neh. XIII 6. As indeed the Persian Monarchs were the rightful Kings of Persia Assyria and Babylon or Chaldea Of names see more in the Annotations on 2 Chron. XXIV 20. of his father After his father Jehoshaphats death verse 4 In his fathers life-life-time Jehoram carried himself better both as Viceroy and King slew all his brethren And see Gods judgements upon his sonnes ver 17. and his grand-children chap. XXII 10 11. only Jehoahaz or Ahaziah or Azariah left of the one and Joash of the other compelled By force and persecutions verse 11 A most wicked sonne of a godly father A writing to him from Elijah Written in the life-time of Elijah verse 12 15. who died before Jehoshaphat 2 Kings III. 11. Left and directed to Jehoram or for him who would not endure the Reproof of a living Prophet Therein prophesying and foretelling Jehorams Sinnes and Punishments Amongst other his wickednesses He shew all his brethren the sonnes of Jehoshaphat 2. Chron. XXI 4. And his sons were all slaine by the Philistines and Arabians but Ahaziah the youngest called also Jehoachaz 2 Chron. XXI 17. and Azariah chap. XXII 6 7. 2 Chron. XXI 17. and XXII 1. And Ahaziah was slaine by Jehu 2 Chron. XXII 9. when he was twenty three years old 2 Kings VIII 26. And the sonnes of Ahaziah were slaine by their grand-mother Athaliah save Joash that was hid from her and after crowned King and at last slaine by his own servants 2 Chron. XXIV 24 25. We read that Josiah and Cyrus by their names were prophesied of many ages before they were borne But their good deeds were foretold not any evill of them as of idolatrous bloody Jehoram here Elisha foretels Hazael face to face of his bloodinesse and evil that he would do to the children of Israel 2 King VIII 12. Arabians near the Ethiopians See the Observations on Gen. verse 16 II. 13. he reigned Iehoram of Iudah his Life verse 20 Death Burial Fourty and two Clear it is chapter XXII verse 2 That Iehoram the father of Ahaziah was but fourty years old when he died chap. XXI 5. And that Ahaziah himself was but twenty two years old when he began to reigne 2 Kings VIII 26. But it was in the two and fourtieth year of the continuance of the Crown in Omri and his race from whom Ahaziah descended by his mother Athaliah 2 Kings VIII 18 26. And the Hebrew expression by the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a sonne together with a trajection of some clauses in this verse do render this interpretation the more passable And a like passage we finde as hath been shewed in chap. XVI 1. And such trajections are used 1 Sam. XX. 16. Ezra X. 17. Neh. XII 22. Athaliah Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah and wife of Jehoram the sonne of Jehoshaphat and daughter of Ahab and Jezebel and grandchilde of Omri in Samaria Not in the Citie verse 9 but in the Kingdome of Samaria 2 Kings IX 27. Sonne of Jehoshaphat Grandchilde So daughter for grandchilde verse 2. A phrase usuall in Scripture seed royal Sonnes of Ahaziah verse 10 ver 11. likely by other women of the King Jehoram verse 11 and sister of Ahaziah as is expressed in this verse Of the Priests chapter XXIII verse 4 and of the Levites They the Prime men in the deposing of Athaliah and crowning of Joash guarding the gates and compassing the King round about with weapons in hand their courses being not dismissed and others of them gathered out of all the Cities of Iudah gate of the foundation Called Shur verse 5 2 Kings XI 6. the high or higher gate 2 Kings XV. 35. 2 Chron. XXVII 3. Of the Gates of the Temple and Courts See the Annotations on Ezek. VIII 3. See also Ezek. VIII 5. 14. and chap. IX 2. and chap. XL.
of my bread As the Virgin Mary is not meant by wisdome verse 5 verse 1. so neither the Eucharist by this Bread and Wine here as some Papists would poorly seek to perswade us Reprove not a scorner Chap. verse 8 XXIII 9. and chap. XXIV 9. and XXVI 4. Matth. VII 6. The basest can mock As the abjects did David Psal. XXXV 15. thy dayes shall be multiplied Chap. verse 11 X. 27. and III. 2 16. Exodâ—s XX. 12. if short life would not prove a blessing to thee 1 Kings XIV 13. Esay LVII 1 2. as it was to Enoch to Josiah and others who did live long in a little time here and then lived for ever in heaven clamorous The most lewd verse 13. 17. are the most loud stollen waters Those pleasures where the Devil is a play-fellow But such morsels of sinne are murdering morsels not nourishing The Proverbs Here the name of Solomon is prefixed again chapter X as it seemes to a second Head verse 1 or Collection of Proverbs wherein the Opposition of Contraries in the same verse is very much used and the first part often serveth much to usher in the second from death The second death verse 2 and from the first too many times and alwayes as to the evil and sting of it The Lord will not suffer Though he refuse to enrich himself by evil arts verse 3 and though he give to the poor yet he shall not want necessaries Psal. XXXVII 25. and XXXIV 9. Blessings Chap. verse 6 XXVIII 20. Gen. XXVII 33. a confluence of all and of all kinds of Blessings The memorie Their name is heire to their life verse 7 their stock remains goes forward and shall do till the day of doome Chap. XXII 1. and chap. XV. 30. Eccles. VII 1. 3 Iohn verse 12. but the name of the wicked shall rot A frequent phrase and speech with the Hebrews which they abbreviate and write thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 shall receive commandment Be subject to Gods holy word verse 8 without replies and cavils winketh Winketh wiles verse 10 sorrow Sinne and sorrow to himself and others a well of life Flowing as an ever-flowing fountain verse 11 Psal. XXXVII 30 31. Matth. XII 35. Heb. VIII 10. love covereth 1 Cor. verse 12 XIII verse 20 7. verse 21 1 Pet. 4. 8. as choice silver Prov. XXV 11. feede many Luke XIX 48. 2 Cor. VI. 10. They are empty Vines that bear fruit to themselves only Hos. X. 1. no sorrow with it Wealth without woe verse 22 store without sore gold without guilt of sinne or guilty conscience a sport These dance to hell verse 23 hath wisdom For his sport and delight Rom. VII 22. Job XXIII 12. The fear Iob XV. verse 24 21. and ch XXIX 25. shall be granted If they fail not in the matter manner intention or duration of their desires and prayers being content either to wait or to want the thing desired being heartily willing that God should be glorified though themselves be not glorified Whirlwind Iob XXVII 20 23. verse 25 shortned Eccles. verse 27 VII verse 28 17. The hope Psal. CXXX 5. Prov. XIV 32. Heb. VI. 18 19. Pride Where pride is in the saddle chapter XI verse 2. 7. shame is in the crooper the hope His hope made a bridge of his own shadow and thinking to go over it he falls into the water he as a childe grasps at a shadow on the wall in his stead As it befell Haman verse 8 Daniels enemies in the denne of lions and others 2 Thes. I. 6 7. holdeth his peace From despising words verse 12 opprobrious language not seeking to wash off durt with durt concealeth Tacitus to him is the best historian verse 13 own flesh As Baals Priests verse 17 and some popish merit-mongers verse 18 sure reward Only he must have patience and not look to sow and reap all in one day James V. 7. pursueth evil As Asahel followed Abner verse 19 Ephes. IV. 19. adding drunkennesse to thirst with both hands Hel gapeth for him a froward heart A man may die by inward bleeding verse 20 Jer. IV. 14. The Heart appears in the life as the candle in the lanthorne only good Rom. verse 23 VII 22. Heb. XIII 18. Yet when the flesh gets the winde and hill of the Spirit it sometimes over-bears as a gust of winde forceth the ferry-man backward is wrath Proves such Rom. II. 8 9. that scattereth The five loaves in the Gospel were multiplied by division verse 24 and augmented by substraction trusteth Riches were never true to any that trusted in them verse 28 Luke XII 15. Psal. LII 6 7. exoriuntur ut exurantur as the grasse winneth souls James V. verse 30 20. Dan. XII 3. One soul more worth then all the world as he tells us who only went to the price of it Mat. XVI 26. recompensed Chastened verse 31 Their afflictions are not penal but medicinal or probational in the earth Which is their house of correction not in hell much more Totaly and finaly Nahum I. 9. as 1 Sam. XXVI 8. 1 Pet. IV. 17 18. not be established chapter XII verse 3 Though he may flourish for a time not be moved Chap. X. 25. Psal. LXII 2 6. a crown A choise and chief ornament verse 4 but the mouth Hence are those many Apologies of the Christians in all times verse 6 and ages according to his wisdome James III. verse 8 13 17. 2 Cor. X. 18. Rom. I. 22 23. 1 Cor. II. 4 8. the net of evil men Such a net as that Hab. verse 12 I. 15. that they may do the like use all cunning arts and crafts of doing mischief he so furiously pursueth his lusts as if he desired to be intangled in the net of his own destruction Or he desireth the forteresse against evils but all in vaine or the fortresse of evil men to be secured and defended by them and their strength Thus various may be the reading and sense of these words is snared The venome of his heart blisters his tongue verse 13 that it breaks out at his lips to his own ruine A fools wrath He hath no power over his own passions verse 16 chapter XXIX 11. covereth shame 1 Sam. X. 27. Passeth by an offence covereth an injury no evil Esay XXVII verse 21 9. filled He that makes a match with mischief shall have his belly full of it chap. I. 31. and XIV 14. deal truly Psal. verse 22 LI. 6. verse 23 Esay LXIII 8. Ephes. IV. 15. 1 John I. 6. 8. concealeth Loves not to out-lash Yet is not niggard where there is need chap. XV. 7. proclaimeth In it is and out it must what ever come of it a good word As cordials of comfort verse 25 breasts of consolation wells of salvation more excellent As a Prince of God among them verse 26 as Abraham among the Hittites Gen. XXIII 6. Psal. XVI 3. no death No sting in it verse 28 And they passe from the jawes of death to the joyes
to all duties of active and passive obedience takes off the wheeles of the soul makes it as a limb out of joynt that can do nothing without paine and deformity Dead flies As one sinner chapter X verse 1 in the precedent words so here one sin destroyes much good Alike folly doth fly-blow a wise mans reputation Neh. VI. 11. heart is at his right hand As his eyes are in his head verse 2 chap. II. 14. He ordereth his affairs with discretion he acts dexterously and discreetly with mature advise and judgement he worketh by the guidance of his heart Luke XIV 28 31. But a fools heart He is left-handed in his works and wayes doth them rashly awkwardly bunglingly preposterously As 1 Kings XII 8. Esay XIX 10 14. walketh by the way He doth palpably discover to others verse 3 and proclaime That he is a fool Prov. VI. 13 and chap. XII 23. and XIII 16. and XVIII 2. See Prov. XVII 28. Leave not thy place Thy office verse 4 duty and obedience to him A souldier must stand to his station ch VIII 3. proudly fling not away in displeasure much lesse stand not to affront him turne not rise not up against him as 1 Kings XII 16. seek to pacifie him Prov. XV. 1. and if need be go a little aside out of his sight till his rage and thy danger be over-past See Judges VIII 1 2 3. Gen. XXXII 13. and XXXIII 3. 1 Sam. XXIV 16. and chap. XXV 32. Prov. XXV 15 as an error Haply by the erring information of others verse 5 seeing Rulers must needs see much with other mens eyes and hear much by other mens ears And yet this error may prove a great mischief to Church and State and the rich In worth verse 6 and wisdome Dignity ought to wait upon Desert though it alwayes doth not For Rulers sometimes grow into suspition of such as eminently excel in extraordinary worth Servants upon horses Men of a low verse 7 base servile condition And how insupportable this is see Prov. XXX 22. and how unseemly see Prov. XIX 10. It is a curse of God Deut. XXVIII 43. 44. Gen. IX 25 26. Lamented Lam. V. 8. Yet the Levellers would be at this to lay all alike As in Germany in Anno 1525. But the issue of that attempt was to themselves deservedly miserable He that diggeth a pit This verse 8 and the three following Proverbial similitudes tend all to this end That evil usualy returneth on the heads of those that were the authors of it Malum consilium consultori pessimum Prov. XXVI 27. and XXVIII 10. Psal. VII 16. and IX 15. In application against such as overturne the foundations of Lawes and Customes and alter the long established and wholsome constitutions of Kingdomes Nations and people and confound Rule and Subjection and dissolve the ligaments of Government Prov. XXVI 27. Who so removeth stones verse 9 c. Besides the general sense of the words application of them may be made against those who remove land-marks or rashly alter things seriously setled and duly defined and so do sowe seditions and raise factions If the iron be blunt Wisdome directeth to whet the edge verse 10 to save the putting to of more strength And so wisdome is better then strength chap. IX 16. It guideth a mans actions without so much toile and labour and a better end without it and Art and cunning by it strength and toile and eloquence or ought else is to small purpose The Serpent will bite If not charmed before verse 11 And after the biting the Master of the tongue or eloquent man cannot help or better the matter The meaning may be to compare the spirit of disloyalty against Rulers and rebellious speeches against them to the biting of a Serpent And the wise and humble speeches and demeanor of subjects to their offended Governours to an inchantment to keep them from biting Or to shew that a vaine babler whose lawlesse tongue is ever finding fault with Government is no better then an uncharmed Serpent It may be applied against any Sycophants and Slanderers whatsoever Or to those who bite and babble at the Traditions of the wise The words Ephes. verse 12 IV. 29. Col. IV. 6. Prov. X. 32. and XII 13. and XV. 1 2. 4 26. and XVI 23 24. Such were Abigaels to David swallow up himself Prov. XIX 28. and XII 13. Rom. III. 13. James III. 2 12. Psal. LII 3. Many men by their tongue have cut their own throats is full of words Multiplyeth boasting discourses verse 14 vainly tells his own undertakings brags what he will do and what he shall have cannot tell what shall be No man much lesse a fool can tell this to himself wearieth every one By his wordinesse and much idle vaine babling without any solid and sound matter verse 15 as empty casks sound loudest chap. V. 3 7. Prov. X. 19. and XVII 17 27. how to go to the citie He tires himself in trifles being not able to manage the least matters and easie for children having not wit enough to keep the high road to know the beaten path to the Citie And yet he will foolishly labour and weary himself about hard and difficult matters Wo to thee O land Esay III. verse 16 4. A child in years For Tutors and Protectors have mostwhat self-ends and deal not fairly and faithfully or jarre among themselves Thus it was in Rome after the death of Ancus Martius and in the Romane Empire in the times of Arcadius and Honorius Yet the Land was blessed and happy under young Solomon Josiah Uzziah our Edward the VI. and others for the parts and graces wherewith God endowed them Or else a child in understanding and parts rude and raw without experience discretion and abilities for so weighty an imployment of a childish disposition for wit courage carriage this though not a childe in years And such was Rehoboam 1 Kings XIV 21. with 2 Chron. XIII 7. In a word a worthlesse and wicked King is a Woe to the whole Land and a great argument of Gods anger against it 1 Sam. VIII 6 18. Job XXXIV 30. Prov. XXVIII 2. Esay XIX 4. eate in the morning Are riotous and luxurious unseasonably feasting Sonne of Nobles Nobly borne verse 17 The ancient splendor of a royal stock and descent addes much honour to a King Est in juvencis est in equis patrum virtus And much more when he is nobly bred up nobly seasoned with principles of true nobility wisdom holinesse honour and government without which nobility in blood and birth are but shapes and shadows of true noblenesse Though never so much noble blood run in the veins yet worthlesnesse and wickednesse remaining in the heart rendereth it ignoble sloathfulnesse See the Observations on Prov. verse 18 VI. 6. Here it seems applyable to a sluggish childish carelesse government of a Kingdome or Common-wealth A feast Feasting and wine have their mirthful use verse 19 But money answereth all things
verse 8 and with the boughs and branches thereof purging and pruning them and making them fruitful and the smell of thy nose Or nostrils the breath that thence proceedeth shall be sweet odoriferous and grateful to those at least that have their inward senses habitualy and spiritualy exercised causing the lips Hyperbolicaly verse 9 but excellently expressing the vertue and efficacie the power and vigour of the Word and Gospel preached under the similitude of the best wine and the operation of it They that have tasted of the power of the good Word of God and of the world to come cannot forbear to declare and speak of it to â—ll the world Acts IV. 20. and II. 4 11 14. I am my Beloveds The Churches renewed speech and profession verse 10 upon Christs so great commendations of her and affections towards her notwithstanding her former faylings and imperfections She growes up to this confident assurance Come She is emboldened hereupon to these Petitions following verse 11 that he will accompany her to visit the particular Churches that his spirit and care may joyne together to prosper hers for the good of all the Churches She will not now go any way ot do any thing without him and his companie She had lately felt the sorrow and smart of his absence from her of her being without him and his presence She is minded now as Barâ—k was Judg. IV. 8. my loves The fruition of my graces verse 21 the fruits of my faith hope love good works thanksgivings c. She will detaine nothing that is hers from the love and service of Christ but resigne all unto him who is worthy alone to enjoy all The mandrakes See the Annotations on Gen. verse 13 XXX 14. at our gates c. This may seeme to allude to the order of strawing the wedding-house doores with sweet smelling flowers or of laying up of fruits in gate-houses and garners for thee All for Christ. He gives all to them all his offices and efficacies all his merits and graces what he did and suffered was for them and they returne all to him all that they are and have all that they do and suffer all their good works and services as fruits of his owne Graces in them they ascribe and devote unto him Psal. CXV 1. that he may be Ali in All. In this last Chapter the Church proceeds to her dearest wishes for and after Christ How she faine would have him and use him in the three first verses And in the next verse she againe chargeth others not to disturbe or displease him as my brother That she might have more close conjunction and consociation with him chapter VIII verse 1 more intire familiarity and sweetnesse more intimate union and communion with him kisse thee Chap. I. 2. Psal. II. 12. and publikely professe thee notwithstanding any danger yet they should not despise me 2 Sam. VI. 22. not dishearten me from duty and affection but she would bravely sleight all scorning Michols all contumelies and contempts for her conscience sake and Christs sake 〈◊〉 mothers house The universal Church she calls her her mother verse 2 in her universal latitude of al her members yea somtimes comprehending in that notion Christ the head also as v. 5. And so again in the New Testament the whole Church in all her members with her head Christ is called Christ i. e. mystical Christ 1 Cor. XII 12. Thither from without would she bring him with solemnity and joy and there humbly welcome and entertaine his presence with all honour and obedience instruct me The Church would do it instrumentaly and subordinately from God primarily and originaly John VI. 45. Esay LIV. 13. Jer. XXXI 34. of spiced wine Prov. IX 2. This should be her hospitality and kindnesse to Christ nothing too dear for him as he doth the like for her Esay LV. 1 2 3. who is this verse 5 c. Chap. III. 6. Some would have this to be the speech of the Church some of Christ some of the Angels that cometh up Sure whosoever speaks it this is meant of the Church it is she comes up There are continual ascensions in the hearts of Gods people whiles here they are ever aspiring to heaven-ward from the wildernesse Of this world and the tribulations of it of sin and the temptations and miseries of it Leaning For otherwise without him she could not ascend No more then the Vine without its supporter or the Ivy without its Oak And leanes truly not as those Micah III. 11. And leanes wholy and solely upon him utterly unbottomed of her self and of every creature All other are but as Job VI. 17. and VIII 15. and Esay XXXVI 6. I raised thee up c. Some understand these words as spoken by the Church and in answer to Christs question That namely I is she her self and no other even she that raised him up and awoke him from under the apple-tree by her prayers as Psal. XLIV 23. Matth. VIII 25. Esay LXII 7. And there by acts of faith and beleeving on the promise did after a sort conceive bear and bring him forth And that it is she also that in the extreme height and heat of her love and zeal so prayes to him and so professes as is in the two verses following Others under stand all these words as spoken by Christ to the Church whose grace alone did and doth raise up his Church depressed and fallen under the tree of offence after the eating of the forbidden fruit lying in her blood as it is Ezek. XVI 5 6. then and there he said unto her and be the mother of the living as Gen. III. 20. And so they make the rest of the words to be his command to his Church naturaly following as her duty from the consideration of his foresaid benefits to her vouchsafed But yet however the words in the fifth verse be taken I do rather incline to understand the words in the six and seven verses to be the Churches by reason of their masculine idiome She so begging Christs dearest love to her and so professing her own love to him as riding in a Chariot o triumph victorious over all oppositions unconquerable unquenchable And such indeed is the Divine mutual love between Christ and his Church thus exalted to the highest Set me as a seale Have me in precious esteeme verse 6 bear me on thy breast and shoulders as Aaron did the Tribes Exod. XXVIII 11 12 20 21 29 30. Thus she begs to be highly remembered preserved honoured by Christ in his heart dearly cherished and valued by his arme mightily defended strong as death Death conquers all is the King of terrors Job XVIII 14. yet Love as strong as death Jonathan would have died for the love of David and David for Absalom See Rom. XVI 4. Apoc. XII 11. She would not refuse to die for him but shall die if he grant not her desire Wherein the irresistible and undaunted vigour and courage of holy love and
of me of my Word of truth without mixture of hay or stubble 1 Cor. III. 12. Make haste See chap. II. verse 14 9 17. They then waited for the consolation of Israel Here is the Churches last speech and prayer like that Apoc XXII 17 20. She loves and longs and looks for his second Advent 2 Pet. III. 12. As the espoused Virgin doth after the day of marriage like to a Roe In nimblenesse and swiftnesse Come with all speed quickly cut off of delaies Yet his coming seemes long to us because we are short we set the Sun by our Dyal upon the mountaine of spices Where Christ is and whence the Church expects him and whither she longs to be brought by him Those high and heavenly those sweet and precious pleasures Ps. XVI 11. are the issue and upshot of all and the end of this spiritual heavenly Song THe Great and Small Prophets according to the Times wherein they lived and prophesied may seeme to stand in this ranck and Order viz. Jonah Esay Hosea Joel Amos Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephanie Ieremy Daniel Ezekiel Obadiah Haggai Zechariah Malachi In the LXX the Lesser Prophets are placed before the Greater Esay ESAY Prophesies of the Destruction of the Kingdomes of Syria and Samaria shortly to be accomplished by the Assyrian And of the Kingdome of Iudah afterwards by the Babylonian And of the Neighbouring Kingdomes round about by them both And of the Ruine of the Assyrian Empire by the Babylonian And of the Babylonian by the Mede and Persian Intermixing sharp accusations of sins severe threatnings of judgments and comfortable Promises chiefly to the Jewes and Israelites And extending his Evangelical Prophecies and Promises to Christ and his glorious spiritual Kingdome And the Vocation of the Gentiles to the Communion of it And all in a stately stile and lofty language The time of his Prophesying must needs be 46. years from the first of Iotham to the 14th of Hezekiah Besides the Times that the Prophesied in the dayes of Vzziah and after the 14th of Hezekiah which for the number of years are uncertaine Yet it is recorded that he writ the Acts of Uzziah first and last 2 Chron. XXVI 22. though that Book seeme not extant now as not so necessary for the use of the Church As neither that of Iasher 2 Sam. I. 18. Nor that of Ieremy 2 Chron. XXXV 25. The Times in Esay may seem to be thus distinguished viz. In the dayes of King Uzziah Chapter I. 5. whos 's reigne is mentioned chap. I. 1. and his Death chap. VI. 1. Wherein some things most Prophetickly be spoken and understood both of sinnes and Punishments which otherwise are fitting rather to the times of Ahaz In the dayes of Iotham chap. VI. In the dayes of Ahaz Chap. VII XIV ver 28. whose reigne is mentioned chap. VII 1. And his Death chap. XIV 28. And the rest may seeme most if not all to be in the dayes of Hezekiah wherein there is a special notation of time in chap. XX. mentioning the year that Tartan 2 Kings XVIII 17. came to Ashâ—od or Azotus and took it when Sargon next Predecessor to Sennacharib or Sennacharib himself King of Assria sent him which seems to be about the eighth or ninth year of Hezek And in the XXXVI XXXVII chap. mentioning the 14th year of Hezekiah and the Histories contained in it And in chap. XXXVIII XXXIX containing Histories that fell out in the later end of that fourteenth year of Hezekiah without any other or further Notation of Times to the end of all the Book In this Prophecie are chiefly contained manifold Evangelical Promises and Prophecies of Christ of his Person and Offices his Gospel and Kingdome more Particularly of his Incarnation and Birth His Breeding Calling Teachings Sufferings Life Death Rising again Glory ensuing Kingdomes Length and Extent That Esay is well called an Evangelical Prophet or Prophetical Evangelist Concluding with the destruction of Babylon and the Deliverance of Gods People thence the glorious restauration of the Church and Numerous Vocation of the Gentiles And by reason of the Premises it is That this Book is so often cited in the New Testament As in the Table ensuing may appear Esay Alledged or Alluded to in 1. 9. Rom. 9. 29 6. 9 10 Mat. 13. v 14 15 Â Joh. 12. 39 40 41 Â Act. 28. 25 26 27 7. 14 Mat. 1. 22 23 8. 14 Rom. 9. 33 15 1 Pet. 2. 8 Â Mat. 21. 44 17 Luke 20. 18 18 Heb. 2. 13 14 9. 2 Mat. 4. 14 15 16 7 Luke 1. 32 33 10. 22 23 Rom. 9. 27 28 11 1 Mat. 2. 23 10 Rom. 15. 12 13. 10 Mat. 24. 29. 21. 9 Apoc. 14. 8 22. 13 1 Cor. 15. 32. 22 Apoc. 3. 7 25. 8 1 Cor. 15. 54. 28. 11 Apoc. 11. 7 17 Â 1 Cor. 14. 21 16 1 Pet. 2. 6 7 8 Â Rom. 9. 33 29. 10 Rom. 11. 8 13 Mat. 15. 7 8 9 Â Mar. 7. 6 14 1 Cor. 1. 19 33. 18 1. Cor. 1. 19 20 34. 4 Apoc. 6. 13 14 35. 5 6 in many places 40. 3 Matth. 3. 3 Â Mark 1. 3 Â John 1. 23 3 4 5 Luke 3. 4 5 6 6 7 8 1 Pet. 1. 24 25 13 Rom. 11. 34 Â 1 Cor. 2. 16 41. 4 Ap. 1. 17 22. 13 8 James 2. 23 42. 1 2 3 4 Mat. 12. 17 18 Â 19 20 6 Acts 13. 47 43. 19 2 Cor. 5. 17 44. 3 John 7. 38 39 45. 9 Rom. 9. 20 23 Rom. 4. 11 Â Phil. 2. 10 11 47. 8 Apoc. 18. 7 49. 6 Luke 2. 32 Â Acts 13. 47 8 2 Cor. 6. 2. 10 Apoc. 7. 16 50. 6 Luk. 22. 64 Â John 18. 22 8 Rom. 8. 30 34 52. 5 Rom. 2. 24 7 Rom. 10. 15 10 Luke 3. 6 11 2 Cor. 6. 17 15 Rom. 15. 21. 53. 1 John 12. 38 Â Rom. 10. 16 3 Mark 9. 12 4 Matth 8. 17 5 1 Cor. 15. 3 53. 5 6 1 Pet. 2. 24 25 7 8 Mark 15. 3 c. Â Acts 8. 32 9 1 Pet 2. 22 12 Mark 15. 28 Â Lu. 22 37 23 34 54. 1 Gal. 4. 27 13 John 6. 45 55. 1 John 7. 37 3 Acts 13. 34 Â Psal. 89. 35 56. 7 Matth. 21. 13 Â Mark 11. 17 Â Luk 19. 46 59. 7 Rom. 3 15 17 Eph. 6. 17 Â 1 Thes. 5. 8 20 Rom. 11. 26 60 3 Apoc. 21. 24. 11 Apoc. 21. 25 19 Ap. 21. 23. 22. 5 61 1 2 Lnk 4. 17 21 62. 11 Matth. 21. 5 63 2 3 Apoc. 19. 13 15 64 4 1 Cor. 2. 9. 11 65. 1 2 Rom 10. 20 21 17 2 Pet. 3. 13. 66 1 Acts 7. 48 49 21 1 Pet. 2. 5 9 Â Apoc 1. 6. 24 Mark 9. 44 Chap. VII ver 16. hath reference to Shear-jashub Chap. VIII ver 18. hath reference to Shear-jashub and Mahershalah-hash-baz Chap. XXXVIII ver 5. Ezekiah's tears among other causes might chiefly be because at that time he had no sonne Manasseh being borne
and comforts signe Monument Memorial Trophie an everlasting honour to God and a signe to his Church of his mercie to her Keep ye judgement chapter LVI God admonisheth his people to do that whereby they may obtaine a part in the favours and mercies last mentioned verse 1 Neither let the Sonne of the stranger He comforts the Proselyte verse 3 and Eunuch The Partition-wall should be broken down under the Messias a Name better Of great honour verse 5 and more durable an everlasting Name that should more then countervaile the other defect yet will Igather others to him John X. verse 8 16. Acts X. 34 35. All ye beasts Here seemes to begin a new Sermon verse 9 Declaring againe Gods most fearful judgements upon his People by their enemies the Babylonians especialy and those that served under them And that for the manifold shameful sinnes of the Jewish watch-men Shepherds and Seers The righteous perisheth Esay here inserts somewhat for the Comfort of the godly chapter LVII verse 1 though by death taken away in those sad times The wicked nothing heeding Gods hand and end in it from the evil to come As was the sonne of Jeroboam 1 Kings XIV 12 13. and good Josiah 2 Kings XXII 20. the evil in the general ruine of the State and deportation of the people But draw neere Esay returnes now to the surviving wicked ones verse 3 as having another maner of errand to them in lively colours laying out their abominable courses are ye not c Deny it if ye can verse 4. 5. 6. slaying the children 2 Kings XVI 3. Psal. CVI. 37 38. is thy portion Thine Altars and thine Idol-service is thy portion that thou choosest and delightest in As God is to his people Psalme XVI 5 6. a drink-offering Used and annexed to most Kinds of sacrifices Of this kind were those Jer. VII 18. and XLIV 19. offered to the Queen of heaven And thou wentest to the King i. e. verse 9 Kings collectively for forreign aid and succour unto hell Abasing thy self to them in most servile maner thou hast found the life of thine hand Thou still imaginest so to do verse 10 and thinkest thou hast found sufficient means and aids to support thee and to strengthen thine hand And therefore thou wast not grieved in so doing And of whom Whom needest thou to have feared verse 11 and sought for forreign aid if thou hadst feared me hast lyed And dealt disloyaly with me my peace even of old My Lenity thou abusest thy righteousnesse As thou esteemest it verse 12. 13. But I so call it ironicaly let thy companies deliver thee Thy troopes of strangers or strange gods Judg. X. 13 14. And he shall say God verse 14. 16. or it shall be said for the spirit should faile This moveth God in way of commiseration to stay his hand Psal LXXVIII 38 39. and LXXXIX 47. and will heale him For my own Names sake verse 18 and free mercie notwithstanding his frowardnesse and crosse and contrary wayes Peace verse 19 Peace Whereas before was no speech but of warre Now it shall be of abundant peace and prosperity and consequently of praise and thanksgiving The fuller complement of this is under the Messias in the Gospel In this Chapter Esay reproves them mainly for their Hypocrisie in Fasting chapter LVIII and take delight They seeme so to do verse 2. 3. you finde pleasure You do not break off your sinful desires minds pleasures and purposes but persist still in a purpose to pursue them though haply not upon the very day of the Fast to act them and exact all your labours Debts and services with all rigour for strife and debate Your fastings end in verse 4 and are seconded with vexatious suits quarrels and brawles to make your voice to be heard on high By your loud clamours used in your prayers in the times of fasting Or that God on high should by fasting be induced to hear your voice and grant your requests Is not this the Fast When it is joyned with reformation and amendment of your lives verse 6 As Acts X. 2 4. Then shalt thou call Then no cause to complaine verse 9 as verse 3. the putting forth of the finger Forbearing not acts of violence and threatening termes only but even all gestures and expressions of that kinde whatsoever and makes fat thy bones Fill them with marrow verse 11 arme and strengthen them the old waste places Of Jerusalem verse 12 and the Cities of Judah and other like places thy soot from the Sabbath Thy affections and wayes which would pollute the Sabbath Whether it be the yearly or the weekly Sabbath a delight See Psal. XXVII 4. and XXXVI 8. and XLII 1 2 4. and XLIII 2 3 4. and LXV 1 5. and LXXXIV and CXXII 1 2. honour him In it by sanctifying him and it thine own wayes Wicked works and courses nor speaking thine own words Those verse 9. to ride upon the high places of the earth Aloft verse 14 in places of security and safety ch XXXIII 16. Deut. XXXII 13. This Chapter relates their various enormous iniquities chapter LIX and them to be the causes of their sad calamities verse 1 15. And a promise to the faithful ones of deliverance from them and of spiritual mercies and blessings in and from the Messias ver 16 21. is not shortened Either to hear verse 1 and help you out of those calamities or to make good those large and liberal blessings promised upon your repentance spiders web To entangle and destroy others verse 5 he that eateth There is no safe dealing any way with them Their feet Rom. verse 7. 8. III. 15 16 17. not know peace Experimentaly to have and enjoy it See Phil. III. 10. Apoc. II. 17. Therefore is judgement farre from us God stands off farre from you verse 9 neither executing judgement and vengeance on your enemies nor protecting you against their wrongs our transgressions are with us Stick close to us verse 12 we cannot shun or shift them off is fallen For want of support verse 14 cannot enter But is shut out by violence a prey He cannot be safe verse 15. 16. that will not be wicked wondered Spoken in an humane straine Rom. III. 9 19. the Apostle concludes hereupon the universal depravation of man-kind in his natural condition no intercessor No interpoâ—er his arme He did the work alone himself brought salvation Temporal vers 17 18 19. Spiritual verse 20 21. breast-plate Here is God verse 17. 18. 20. as a man of armes repay Vengeance to the enemies of his people And the Redeemer Rom. XI 26. the Apostle applies this verse to Christ and the conversion of the Jewes when the fulnesse of the Gentiles be come in Where the Apostle retaines the Ancient Greek version as Hierom witnesseth it to have beene in his time having nothing in it disagreeing from truth or crossing that in ought for which he alleadgeth it This then cannot have relation to the Angel slaying