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A81938 Geographia universalis: the present state of the whole world giving an account of the several religions, customs, and riches of each people; the strength and government of each polity and state; the curious and most remarkable things in every region; with other particulars necessary to the understanding history and the interests of princes. Written originally by the Sieur Duval, Geographer in Ordinary to the French King; and made English, and enlarged by Ferrand Spence. Duval, P. (Pierre), 1619-1682.; Spence, Ferrand. 1685 (1685) Wing D2919A; ESTC R229216 199,644 399

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towards the Obi has Inhabitants which be said to be frozen up six months of the year because that during a that time they dwell in Tents environed and covered with Snow and do not stir out from thence until it be thaw'd and melted away The Samoiedes are seldom above four foot tall they are said to have a very broad Face little Eyes the head on one side is much greater than the proportion of the Body does require it short Legs extraordinary great Feet because they seem so in the Skins of Animals they cloath themselves with and the stuff whereof they make their shoes they wear those Skins in such manner that in Winter they turn the hairy side inwards and wear it outwards in Summer to sow them they have the bones of Fish and the Nerves of Animals instead of Needles and thread they have the best Archers in the World The Tingoeses express their thoughts better with their Throats than with their Tongues Those People inhabit Siberia a Province which furnishes the finest and richest Furrs the Malefactours of Moscovy are transported thither and such Noble Men as are out of Favour with the Prince The River Pesida is the bound of it towards the East they have not yet ventured to go beyond it though they have seen there several Horses and other things which make some believe that it is a Country as considerable as Cathai which cannot be very far distance from it Of the Empire of the Turks ALl the Territories of the Emperour of the Turks otherwise called the Grand-Seignior are generally known under the Name of Turkey This Name is made to come from that of Turchestan one of the Regions of great Tartary from whence they went out Shepherds who setled themselves first of all in Natolia and afterwards divided themselves into several Cantons under divers Chiefs Ottoman one of those Chiefs govern'd so prudently and was accompanyed with such success that after the death of Aladin one of the Princes of the Country he remained Master of Bithinia of Cappadocia and gave beginning to that great Empire about the year 1300. His Successors have been to the number of twenty two their Residence was first of all at Burse in Natolia at Adrianople and at last at Constantinople in Romania They have caused to be built in those Cities their stately Pallaces which they call Serraglios Most of the Turkish Emperours hitherto have seldom stirred out from thence but to the Army or on Progress they commonly spend their dayes with Children Women Eunuchs Mutes and Dwarfs their finest Sultanesses are Captives or those who proceed from the most Beautiful Persons which are kept at Constantinople as breeding Horses after that the lesser Tartars who are the Turks Hunters have brought them thither These Emperours make a Conscience of spending what they exact from the People otherwise than in War they have a particular Treasury wherein they keep this Revenue for the subsistance of their Family several of them choose a Trade which they actually work in In less than three hundred years the Turks have made Conquests in Europe Asia and Africa as considerable as those of the Romans which took them up about eight hundred years they keep so well what they acquire that it is hardly possible to dislodge them from thence True it is their Provinces are not Populous like those of Christendom War and Pestilence sweeping away a great number of their Men their Lands do not afford such great Productions as formerly the Turks being extraordinary lazy and too presumptuous to cultivate it their Custom is to ruine the Citys and to keep only the most important Places of that Frontier from whence it comes that most of the Cities of Turkey are without Walls and much smaller than their Suburbs The Turks have it for a Proverb that their grows no more grass where there Horses have once fet footing The Countrys of their Empire have their Quality very different by reason of their diverse Scituations those of Europe are the best and most Beautiful though one may take whole days Journeys there without meeting with either Burroughs or Villages those of Asia are still more desart What is in Africa is only inhabited towards the Coast and near the great Cities The Grand Seignior is so called by reason of the absolute Power he has generally in all his Dominions and over all His Subjects and not upon the account of the extent of his Empire for there be Soveraigns which possess much more Land than he does their Lands pass from the Father to the Children these only enjoy them as usufructuaries and not as Proprietors There be some Provinces as Turcomania and Curdistan where the Inhabitants have them in propriety There be no other Gentlemen in Turkey than the Princes Officers who are obeyed by the rest of the People His Higness takes upon him very extraordinary Titles Soliman the 2d said that one of his smallest Territories was the Empire of Alexander the Great The Religion of the Turks is that of Mahomet a Native of Mecca There goes every year to that Town a great Number of Mahometans in Caravans each of thirty or forty thousand Persons The Places of their Assemblies are Damascus for those of Turkey in Asia Cairo for those of Aegypt and of Constantinople Zibith or Aden or Mocca for the Indians Bagdad for the Persians A fifth Caravan there is which is that of Barbaresques and the Western of Fez and Morocco Amongst other things which Mahomet setled by his Law he prohibited those of his Sect Wine and gaming for to take away all occasion of Duels and of quarrel which might have arose amongst them Nevertheless tho' during the encampments there be abstinence from Wine yet amongst ten Turks there is seldom found one but who 's a Drunkard He would not that any Mahometans shoud be Slaves for he who first received his Instructions was one of his Slaves called Zeidin whom he made a Freeman for that reason He ordered that Prayers should be said five times in the day and that for a Month should be kept a Lent called Ramedan fasting is there observed all the day long by some Turks with so much scruple that going along the streets they wear a Crape before their Faces for fear that in breathing they should swallow a Fly or a drop of Rain Water or Dust They shut their Teeth on the same score and dare not so much as swallow their Spittle they take each day for divers intentions Friday for the Musulmans who are those of their Law Saturday for the conversion of the Jews Sunday for that of the Christians Monday for the Prophets Tuesday for the Priests and Cheiques Wednesday for the Dead for the sick and for the Slaves Thursday for all the World There be Jews in Turkey and several other Sect a great number of Catholicks of the Religious of several of the Roman Orders who have there their establishment The common liquor of the Turks is