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the_o surface_n of_o our_o globe_n be_v distinguish_v into_o two_o principal_a part_n namely_o into_o the_o terrestrial_a and_o aquatic_a so_o in_o the_o lunar_a surface_n we_o discern_v a_o great_a distinction_n of_o some_o great_a field_n more_o resplendent_a and_o some_o less_o who_o aspect_n make_v i_o believe_v that_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n will_v seem_v very_o like_o it_o behold_v by_o any_o one_o from_o the_o moon_n or_o any_o other_o the_o like_a distance_n to_o be_v illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o sea_n will_v appear_v more_o obscure_a and_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n more_o bright_a five_o like_a as_o we_o from_o the_o earth_n behold_v the_o moon_n one_o while_o all_o illuminate_v another_o while_n half_a period_n sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o sometime_o horn_a sometime_o whole_o invisible_o namely_o when_o its_o just_a under_o the_o sun_n beam_n so_o that_o the_o part_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o earth_n be_v dark_a thus_o in_o 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dispatch_v in_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o natural_a day_n and_o in_o the_o moon_n in_o a_o month_n but_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o figure_n in_o which_o the_o illuminate_v part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a superficies_n appear_v behold_v from_o the_o moon_n depend_v not_o on_o this_o alone_a but_o on_o the_o divers_a aspect_n which_o the_o moon_n be_v still_o change_v with_o the_o sun_n so_o that_o if_o for_o instance_n the_o moon_n punctual_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o stand_v for_o example_n always_o in_o a_o direct_a line_n between_o it_o and_o the_o earth_n in_o that_o aspect_n which_o we_o call_v conjunction_n it_o look_v always_o to_o the_o same_o hemisphere_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o sun_n look_v unto_o she_o will_v behold_v the_o same_o all_o light_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o it_o shall_v always_o stay_v in_o opposition_n to_o
whereupon_o the_o reflex_n ray_n issue_n united_o towards_o one_o and_o the_o same_o place_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o pavement_n which_o be_v dry_a have_v its_o protuberance_n that_o be_v a_o innumerable_a variety_n of_o inclination_n in_o its_o small_a particle_n whereupon_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o light_n scatter_v towards_o all_o part_n but_o more_o weak_o than_o if_o they_o have_v go_v all_o unite_a together_o and_o therefore_o the_o same_o show_v almost_o all_o alike_o behold_v several_a way_n but_o far_o less_o clear_a than_o the_o moisten_a brick_n i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o sea_n behold_v from_o the_o moon_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o it_o will_v appear_v most_o equal_a the_o island_n and_o rock_n deduct_v so_o it_o will_v show_v less_o clear_a than_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v montanous_a and_o uneven_a and_o but_o that_o i_o will_v not_o seem_v as_o the_o say_n be_v to_o harp_n too_o much_o on_o one_o string_n i_o can_v tell_v you_o that_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o moon_n that_o secondary_a light_n which_o i_o tell_v you_o come_v to_o she_o from_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n to_o be_v notable_o more_o clear_a two_o or_o three_o day_n before_o the_o conjunction_n after_o than_o after_o that_o be_v when_o we_o see_v it_o before_o break_v of_o day_n in_o the_o east_n than_o when_o it_o be_v see_v at_o night_n after_o sunset_n in_o the_o west_n of_o which_o difference_n the_o cause_n be_v that_o the_o terrestrial_a hemisphere_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o eastern_a moon_n have_v little_a sea_n and_o much_o land_n to_o wit_n all_o asia_n whereas_o when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o west_n it_o behold_v very_o great_a sea_n that_o be_v the_o whole_a atlantic_a ocean_n as_o far_o as_o america_n a_o argument_n sufficient_o probable_a that_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n appear_v less_o splendid_a than_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n simpl._n so_o that_o perhaps_o you_o believe_v those_o great_a spot_n discover_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o be_v sea_n and_o the_o other_o clear_a part_n to_o be_v land_n or_o some_o such_o thing_n salv_n this_o which_o you_o ask_v i_o be_v the_o begin_n of_o those_o incongruity_n which_o i_o esteem_v to_o be_v between_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o earth_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v time_n to_o disengage_a ourselves_o for_o we_o have_v stay_v too_o long_o in_o the_o moon_n i_o say_v therefore_o that_o if_o there_o be_v in_o nature_n but_o one_o way_n only_o to_o make_v two_o superficies_n illustrate_v by_o the_o sun_n to_o appear_v one_o more_o clear_a than_o the_o other_o and_o that_o this_o be_v by_o the_o be_v of_o the_o one_o earth_n and_o the_o other_o water_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o say_v that_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v part_v earthy_a and_o part_v aquatic_a but_o because_o we_o know_v many_o way_n to_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n and_o other_o there_o may_v be_v which_o we_o know_v not_o of_o therefore_o i_o dare_v not_o affirm_v the_o moon_n to_o consist_v of_o one_o thing_n more_o than_o another_o it_o have_v be_v see_v already_o that_o a_o silver_n plate_n boil_v be_v touch_v with_o the_o burnisher_n become_v of_o white_a obscure_a that_o the_o moist_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n show_v more_o obscure_a than_o the_o dry_a that_o in_o the_o top_n of_o hill_n the_o woody_a part_n appear_v more_o gloomy_a than_o the_o naked_a and_o barren_a which_o happen_v because_o there_o fall_v very_o much_o shadow_n among_o the_o tree_n but_o the_o open_a place_n be_v illuminate_v all_o over_o by_o the_o sun_n and_o this_o mixtion_n of_o shadow_n have_v such_o operation_n that_o in_o tuft_a velvet_n the_o silk_n which_o be_v cut_v be_v of_o a_o far_o dark_a colour_n than_o that_o which_o be_v not_o cut_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o shadow_n diffuse_v betwixt_o thread_n and_o thread_n and_o a_o plain_a velvet_n show_v much_o black_a than_o a_o taffeta_n make_v of_o the_o same_o silk_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v in_o the_o moon_n thing_n which_o shall_v look_v like_o great_a wood_n their_o aspect_n may_v represent_v unto_o we_o the_o spot_n which_o we_o discover_v alike_o difference_n will_v be_v occasion_v if_o there_o be_v sea_n in_o she_o and_o last_o nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o those_o spot_n may_v real_o be_v of_o a_o obscure_a colour_n than_o the_o rest_n for_o thus_o the_o snow_n make_v the_o mountain_n show_v bright_a mountainous_a that_o which_o be_v plain_o observe_v in_o the_o moon_n be_v that_o its_o most_o obscure_a part_n be_v all_o plain_n with_o few_o rise_v and_o bank_n in_o they_o though_o some_o there_o be_v the_o rest_n which_o be_v of_o a_o bright_a colour_n be_v all_o full_a of_o rock_n mountain_n hillock_n of_o spherical_a and_o other_o figure_n and_o in_o particular_a round_o about_o the_o spot_n be_v very_o great_a ledge_n of_o mountain_n moon_n that_o the_o spot_n be_v plain_a superficies_n we_o have_v assure_v proof_n in_o that_o we_o see_v how_o that_o the_o term_n which_o distinguish_v the_o part_n illuminate_v from_o the_o obscure_a in_o cross_v the_o spot_n make_v the_o intersection_n even_o but_o in_o the_o clear_a part_n it_o show_v all_o craggy_a and_o shagged_a but_o i_o know_v not_o as_o yet_o whether_o this_o evenness_n of_o superficies_n may_v be_v sufficient_a of_o itself_o alone_o to_o make_v the_o obscurity_n appear_v and_o i_o rather_o think_v not_o beside_o i_o account_v the_o moon_n exceed_v different_a from_o the_o earth_n for_o although_o i_o imagine_v to_o myself_o that_o those_o be_v not_o idle_a and_o dead_a region_n different_a yet_o i_o affirm_v not_o that_o there_o be_v in_o they_o motion_n and_o life_n much_o less_o that_o there_o be_v breed_v plant_n animal_n or_o other_o thing_n like_v to_o we_o but_o if_o such_o there_o be_v they_o shall_v nevertheless_o be_v very_o different_a and_o remote_a from_o our_o imagination_n and_o i_o be_o induce_v so_o to_o think_v because_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o esteem_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o lunar_a globe_n consist_v not_o of_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o this_o alone_a suffice_v to_o take_v away_o the_o generation_n and_o alteration_n resemble_v we_o earth_n but_o now_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o moon_n water_n and_o earth_n yet_o will_v they_o not_o produce_v plant_n and_o animal_n like_v to_o we_o moon_n and_o this_o for_o two_o principal_a reason_n the_o first_o be_v that_o unto_o our_o production_n there_o be_v require_v so_o many_o variable_a aspect_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o without_o they_o they_o will_v all_o miscarry_v now_o the_o habitude_n of_o the_o sun_n towards_o the_o earth_n be_v far_o different_a from_o those_o towards_o the_o moon_n we_o as_o to_o the_o diurnal_a illumination_n have_v in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n every_o twenty_o four_o hour_n part_v day_n and_o part_n night_n which_o effect_n in_o the_o moon_n be_v monthly_o and_o that_o annual_a declination_n and_o elevation_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o zodiac_n long_o by_o which_o it_o produce_v diversity_n of_o season_n and_o inequality_n of_o day_n and_o night_n be_v finish_v in_o the_o moon_n in_o a_o month_n and_o whereas_o the_o sun_n to_o we_o rise_v and_o decline_v so_o much_o degree_n that_o from_o the_o great_a to_o the_o least_o altitude_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n of_o almost_o 47_o degree_n for_o so_o much_o be_v the_o distance_n from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o tropic_a this_o be_v in_o the_o moon_n but_o ten_o degree_n only_o or_o little_o more_o namely_o as_o much_o as_o the_o great_a latitude_n of_o the_o dragon_n on_o each_o side_n the_o ecliptic_a now_o consider_v what_o effect_n the_o sun_n will_v have_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n shall_v it_o continual_o for_o fifteen_o day_n together_o beam_n forth_o its_o ray_n upon_o it_o which_o without_o all_o question_n will_v destroy_v plant_n herb_n and_o live_a creature_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v chance_v 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motion_n of_o the_o earth_n namely_o that_o all_o the_o planet_n move_v about_o the_o sun_n it_o alone_o not_o solitary_a as_o the_o rest_n but_o in_o company_n with_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o whole_a elementary_a sphere_n shall_v move_v round_o about_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o year_n and_o that_o the_o say_a moon_n withal_o shall_v move_v every_o month_n about_o the_o earth_n here_o it_o be_v necessary_a once_o again_o to_o exclaim_v and_o extol_v the_o admirable_a perspicacity_n of_o copernicus_n and_o withal_o to_o condole_v his_o misfortune_n in_o that_o he_o be_v not_o now_o alive_a in_o our_o day_n when_o for_o remove_v of_o the_o seem_a absurdity_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o moon_n motion_n in_o consort_n we_o see_v jupiter_n as_o if_o it_o be_v another_o earth_n not_o in_o consort_n with_o the_o moon_n but_o accompany_v by_o four_o moon_n to_o rovolve_v about_o the_o sun_n in_o 12._o year_n together_o with_o what_o ever_o thing_n the_o orb_n of_o the_o four_o medicaean_a star_n can_v 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near_a to_o the_o earth_n than_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o by_o and_o by_o immeasurable_o ascend_v above_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o this_o and_o other_o exorbitancy_n be_v remedy_v by_o the_o sole_a and_o single_a annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n sagr._fw-la i_o will_v glad_o be_v good_a inform_v how_o these_o station_n and_o retrograde_a and_o direct_a motion_n which_o do_v ever_o seem_v to_o i_o great_a improbality_n do_v accord_n in_o this_o copernican_n systeme_n salv_n you_o see_v gentleman_n with_o what_o facility_n and_o simplicity_n the_o annual_a motion_n planet_n be_v it_o appertain_v to_o the_o earth_n be_v accommodate_v to_o render_v a_o reason_n of_o the_o apparent_a exorbitance_n that_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o five_o planet_n saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n venus_n and_o mercury_n take_v they_o all_o away_o and_o reduce_v they_o to_o equal_v and_o regular_a motion_n earth_n and_o of_o this_o admirable_a effect_n nicholas_n
answer_v proportionable_o as_o if_o descend_v from_o the_o same_o place_n 19_o immense_a magnitude_n and_o number_n be_v incomprehensible_a by_o our_o understand_n 332_o mars_n mars_n necessary_o include_v within_o its_o orb_n the_o earth_n and_o also_o the_o sun_n 298_o mars_n at_o its_o opposition_n to_o the_o sun_n seem_v sixty_o time_n big_a than_o towards_o the_o conjunction_n 298_o mars_n make_v a_o hot_a assault_n upon_o the_o copernican_n systeme_n 302_o marsilius_n signior_n caesar_n marsilius_n observe_v the_o meridian_n to_o be_v movable_a 422_o medicean_n the_o time_n of_o the_o medicean_n planet_n conversion_n 101_o the_o medicean_n planet_n be_v as_o it_o be_v four_o moon_n about_o jupiter_n 307_o mediterran_n mediterranean_a sea_n make_v by_o the_o separation_n of_o abila_n and_o calpen_n 35_o the_o voyage_n in_o the_o mediterran_n from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v make_v in_o short_a time_n than_o from_o west_n to_o east_n 403_o mercury_n the_o revolution_n of_o mercury_n conclude_v to_o be_v about_o the_o sun_n within_o the_o orb_n of_o venus_n 298_o mercury_n admit_v not_o of_o clear_a observation_n 307_o moon_n the_o moon_n have_v no_o generation_n of_o thing_n like_a as_o we_o have_v nor_o be_v it_o inhabit_v by_o men._n 47_o in_o the_o moon_n may_v be_v a_o generation_n of_o thing_n different_a from_o we_o 47_o there_o may_v be_v substance_n in_o the_o moon_n very_o different_a from_o we_o 48_o the_o first_o resemblance_n between_o the_o moon_n and_o earth_n which_o be_v that_o of_o figure_n be_v prove_v by_o their_o manner_n of_o be_v illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n 48_o the_o second_o resemblance_n be_v the_o moon_n be_v opacous_a as_o the_o earth_n 48_o the_o three_o resemblance_n be_v the_o moon_n be_v dense_n and_o mountainous_a as_o the_o earth_n 49_o the_o four_o resemblance_n be_v the_o moon_n be_v distinguish_v into_o two_o different_a part_n for_o clarity_n and_o obscurity_n as_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n into_o sea_n and_o land_n 49_o the_o five_o resemblance_n be_v mutation_n of_o figure_n in_o the_o earth_n like_o those_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o make_v with_o the_o same_o period_n 49_o all_o the_o earth_n see_v half_a only_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o half_a only_a of_o the_o moon_n see_v all_o the_o earth_n 51_o two_o spot_n in_o the_o moon_n by_o which_o it_o be_v perceive_v that_o she_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o her_o motion_n 52_o light_n reflect_v from_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o moon_n 52_o the_o six_o resemblance_n be_v that_o the_o earth_n and_o moon_n interchangeable_o illuminate_v 53_o the_o seven_o resemblance_n be_v that_o the_o earth_n and_o moon_n interchangeable_o eclipse_v 53_o the_o secondary_a clarity_n of_o the_o moon_n esteem_v to_o be_v its_o native_a light_n 54_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o moon_n more_o sleek_a than_o any_o lookingglass_n 55_o the_o eminency_n and_o cavity_n in_o the_o moon_n be_v illusion_n of_o its_o opacous_a and_o perspicuous_a part_n 55_o the_o moon_n surface_n be_v sharp_a as_o be_v large_o prove_v 57_o the_o moon_n if_o it_o it_o be_v sleek_a like_o a_o spherical_a lookingglass_n will_v be_v invisible_a 60_o &_o 62_o the_o apparent_a vnevenness_n of_o the_o moon_n surface_n apt_o represent_v by_o mother_n of_o pearl_n 70_o the_o apparent_a vnevenness_n of_o the_o moon_n can_v be_v imitate_v by_o way_n of_o more_o and_o less_o opacity_n and_o perspicuity_n 71_o the_o various_a aspect_n of_o the_o moon_n imitable_a by_o any_o opacous_a matter_n 71_o sundry_a phaenomena_n from_o whence_o the_o moon_n montuosity_n be_v argue_v 71_o the_o moon_n appear_v bright_a by_o night_n than_o by_o day_n 72_o the_o moon_n behold_v in_o the_o day_n time_n be_v like_a to_o a_o little_a cloud_n 72_o cloud_n be_v no_o less_o apt_a than_o the_o moon_n to_o be_v illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n 73_o a_o wall_n illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n compare_v to_o the_o moon_n shine_v no_o less_o than_o it_o 73_o the_o three_o reflection_n of_o a_o wall_n illuminate_v more_o than_o the_o first_o of_o the_o moon_n 74_o the_o light_n of_o the_o moon_n weak_a than_o that_o of_o the_o twilight_n 74_o the_o secondary_a light_n of_o the_o moon_n cause_v by_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o some_o 76_o the_o secondary_a light_n of_o the_o moon_n appear_v in_o form_n of_o a_o ring_n i._n e._n bright_a in_o the_o extreme_a circumference_n and_o not_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o why_o 77_o the_o secondary_a light_n of_o the_o moon_n how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 78_o the_o moon_n discus_fw-la in_o a_o solar_a eclipse_n can_v be_v see_v only_o by_o privation_n 78_o solidity_n of_o the_o moon_n globe_n argue_v from_o its_o be_v mountainous_a 81_o the_o secondary_a light_n of_o the_o moon_n clear_a before_o the_o conjunction_n than_o after_o 82_o the_o obscure_a part_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v plain_n and_o the_o more_o bright_a mountain_n 83_o long_a ledge_n of_o mountain_n about_o the_o spot_n of_o the_o moon_n 83_o there_o be_v not_o 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attribute_n which_o differ_v the_o celestial_a and_o elementary_a body_n depend_v on_o the_o motion_n assign_v they_o by_o aristotle_n 25_o peripatetic_n improper_o assign_v those_o motion_n to_o the_o element_n for_o natural_a with_o which_o they_o never_o be_v move_v and_o those_o for_o preternatural_a with_o which_o they_o always_o move_v 33_o motion_n as_o to_o the_o thing_n that_o move_v thereby_o be_v as_o if_o it_o never_o be_v and_o so_o far_o operate_v as_o it_o relate_v to_o thing_n deprâ—ved_v of_o motion_n 98_o motion_n can_v be_v make_v without_o its_o movable_a subject_n 104_o motion_n and_o rest_v principal_a accident_n in_o nature_n 112_o two_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o perpetuate_n of_o a_o motion_n a_o unlimited_a space_n and_o a_o incorruptible_a movable_n 117_o disparity_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o stone_n fall_v from_o the_o round_a top_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o tower_n 123_o the_o motion_n of_o grave_n pendula_fw-la may_v be_v 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myself_o salv_n well_o i_o will_v make_v you_o believe_v the_o same_o present_o tell_v i_o a_o little_a when_o the_o moon_n be_v near_o the_o full_a so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v see_v by_o day_n and_o also_o at_o midnight_n at_o what_o do_v you_o think_v it_o more_o splendid_a by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n simpl._n by_o night_n day_n without_o all_o comparison_n and_o methinks_v the_o moon_n resemble_v that_o pillar_n of_o cloud_n and_o pillar_n of_o fire_n which_o guide_v the_o israelite_n which_o at_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o sun_n appear_v like_o a_o cloud_n but_o in_o the_o night_n be_v very_o glorious_a thus_o i_o have_v by_o day_n observe_v the_o moon_n amid_o certain_a small_a cloud_n cloud_n just_a as_o if_o one_o of_o they_o have_v be_v colour_v white_a but_o by_o night_n it_o shine_v with_o much_o splendour_n salv_n so_o that_o if_o you_o have_v never_o happen_v to_o see_v the_o moon_n save_v only_o in_o the_o day_n time_n you_o will_v not_o have_v think_v it_o more_o 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make_v you_o believe_v that_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o shine_v like_o the_o moon_n but_o if_o you_o can_v see_v the_o earth_n illuminate_v whilst_o you_o be_v in_o some_o dark_a place_n like_o our_o night_n you_o will_v see_v it_o shine_v bright_a than_o the_o moon_n now_o if_o you_o desire_v that_o the_o comparison_n may_v proceed_v well_o you_o must_v compare_v the_o light_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o that_o of_o the_o moon_n see_v in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o not_o with_o the_o same_o by_o night_n for_o it_o be_v not_o in_o our_o power_n to_o see_v the_o earth_n illuminate_v save_v only_o in_o the_o day_n be_v it_o not_o so_o simpl._n so_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v salv_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o you_o yourself_o have_v already_o confess_v to_o have_v see_v the_o moon_n by_o day_n among_o some_o little_a white_a cloud_n and_o very_o near_o as_o to_o its_o aspect_n resemble_v one_o of_o they_o you_o do_v thereby_o grant_v sun_n that_o those_o cloud_n which_o yet_o be_v elementary_a 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to_o belong_v to_o the_o say_a sun_n than_o to_o the_o earth_n in_o as_o much_o as_o in_o a_o movable_a sphere_n it_o be_v more_o reasonable_a that_o the_o centre_n stand_v still_o than_o any_o other_o place_n remote_a from_o the_o say_a centre_n to_o the_o earth_n therefore_o which_o be_v constitute_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o movable_a part_n of_o the_o universe_n i_o mean_v between_o venus_n and_o mars_n one_o of_o which_o make_v its_o revolution_n in_o nine_o month_n and_o the_o other_o in_o two_o year_n may_v the_o motion_n of_o a_o year_n very_o commodious_o be_v assign_v leave_v rest_n to_o the_o sun_n it_o and_o if_o that_o be_v so_o it_o follow_v of_o necessary_a consequence_n that_o likewise_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n belong_v to_o the_o earth_n for_o if_o the_o sun_n stand_v still_o the_o earth_n shall_v not_o revolve_v about_o its_o self_n but_o have_v only_o the_o annual_a motion_n about_o the_o sun_n our_o year_n will_v be_v no_o other_o than_o one_o day_n and_o one_o 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amaze_v how_o there_o can_v be_v any_o yet_o leave_v till_o now_o that_o do_v embrace_v and_o follow_v it_o opinion_n nor_o can_v i_o sufficient_o admire_v the_o eminency_n of_o those_o man_n wit_n that_o have_v receive_v and_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o with_o the_o sprightlinesse_n of_o their_o judgement_n offer_v such_o violence_n to_o their_o own_o sense_n as_o that_o they_o have_v be_v able_a to_o prefer_v that_o which_o their_o reason_n dictate_v to_o they_o to_o that_o which_o sensible_a experiment_n represent_v most_o manifest_o on_o the_o contrary_n that_o the_o reason_n against_o the_o diurnal_a virtiginous_a revolution_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o you_o already_o examine_v do_v carry_v great_a probability_n with_o they_o we_o have_v already_o see_v as_o also_o that_o the_o ptolomaick_n and_o aristotelick_n with_o all_o their_o sectator_n do_v receive_v they_o for_o true_a be_v indeed_o a_o very_a great_a argument_n of_o their_o efficacy_n but_o those_o experiment_n 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therefore_o salviatus_n let_v we_o come_v to_o join_v battle_n for_o every_o word_n that_o be_v spend_v on_o any_o thing_n else_o i_o take_v to_o be_v cast_v away_o salv_n i_o be_o ready_a to_o serve_v you_o you_o have_v already_o see_v i_o draw_v the_o form_n of_o the_o copernican_n systeme_n systeme_n against_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o mars_n himself_o in_o the_o first_o place_n make_v a_o hot_a charge_n who_o in_o case_n it_o be_v true_a that_o its_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n shall_v so_o much_o vary_v as_o that_o from_o the_o least_o distance_n to_o the_o great_a there_o be_v twice_o as_o much_o difference_n as_o from_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o sun_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a that_o when_o it_o be_v near_a unto_o we_o its_o discus_fw-la will_v show_v more_o than_o 60._o time_n big_a than_o it_o seem_v when_o it_o be_v far_a from_o we_o nevertheless_o that_o diversity_n of_o apparent_a magnitude_n be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v nay_o in_o its_o opposition_n with_o the_o sun_n when_o its_o near_a to_o the_o earth_n it_o do_v not_o show_v so_o much_o as_o quadruple_a and_o quintuple_a in_o bigness_n to_o what_o it_o be_v when_o towards_o the_o conjunction_n it_o come_v to_o be_v occult_a under_o the_o sun_n ray_n another_o and_o great_a difficulty_n do_v venus_n exhibit_v for_o if_o revolve_v about_o the_o sun_n as_o copernicus_n affirm_v copernicus_n it_o be_v one_o while_n above_o &_o another_o while_n below_o the_o same_o recede_v and_o approach_v to_o we_o so_o much_o as_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o circle_n describe_v will_v be_v at_o such_o time_n as_o it_o shall_v be_v below_o the_o sun_n and_o near_a to_o we_o its_o discus_fw-la will_v show_v little_a less_o than_o 40_o time_n big_a than_o when_o it_o be_v above_o the_o sun_n near_o to_o its_o other_o conjunction_n yet_o nevertheless_o copernicus_n the_o difference_n be_v almost_o imperceptible_a let_v we_o add_v another_o difficulty_n that_o in_o case_n the_o body_n of_o venus_n be_v of_o itself_o dark_a and_o only_o shine_v as_o the_o moon_n by_o the_o illumination_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o seem_v most_o reasonable_a it_o will_v show_v fork_v or_o horn_a at_o such_o time_n as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o sun_n as_o the_o moon_n do_v when_o she_o be_v in_o like_a manner_n near_o the_o sun_n a_o accident_n that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v discover_v in_o she_o substance_n whereupon_o copernicus_n affirm_v that_o either_o she_o be_v light_a of_o herself_o or_o else_o that_o her_o substance_n be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n that_o it_o can_v imbue_v the_o solar_a light_n and_o transmit_v the_o same_o through_o all_o its_o whole_a depth_n so_o as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o appear_v to_o we_o always_o shine_v and_o in_o this_o manner_n copernicus_n excuse_v the_o not_o change_v figure_n in_o venus_n but_o of_o her_o small_a variation_n of_o magnitude_n mars_n
by_o age_n or_o consume_v by_o worm_n nor_o sway_n and_o lean_a to_o this_o or_o that_o side_n that_o the_o seat_n and_o nest_n of_o live_a creature_n be_v not_o molest_v that_o the_o mountain_n and_o shore_n stand_v immovable_a against_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n and_o wave_n as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n but_o the_o psalmist_n add_v a_o most_o elegant_a hypothesis_n of_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o water_n from_o the_o continent_n or_o main-land_n and_o adorn_v it_o with_o the_o production_n of_o fountain_n and_o the_o benefit_n that_o spring_n and_o rock_n exhibit_v to_o bird_n and_o beast_n nor_o do_v he_o omit_v the_o apparel_v the_o earth_n surface_n mention_v by_o moses_n among_o the_o work_n of_o the_o three_o day_n but_o more_o sublime_o describe_v it_o in_o his_o case_n in_o expression_n infuse_v from_o divine_a inspiration_n and_o flourish_v out_o the_o commemoration_n of_o the_o many_o commodity_n which_o redound_v from_o that_o exornation_n for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o comfort_n of_o man_n and_o shelter_n covert_a of_o beast_n the_o four_o part_n begin_v at_o verse_n 20._o celebrate_v the_o four_o day_n work_n viz._n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n but_o chief_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o their_o season_n befall_v to_o all_o live_a creature_n and_o to_o man_n this_o be_v the_o subject_a matter_n of_o his_o discourse_n so_o that_o it_o plain_o appear_v he_o act_v not_o the_o part_n of_o a_o astronomer_n for_o if_o he_o have_v he_o will_v not_o then_o have_v omit_v to_o mention_v the_o five_o planet_n than_o who_o moiton_n nothing_o be_v more_o admirable_a nothing_o more_o excellent_a nothing_o that_o can_v more_o evident_o set_v forth_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o creator_n among_o the_o learned_a the_o five_o part_n begin_v verse_n 25._o with_o the_o five_o day_n work_n and_o it_o store_v the_o sea_n with_o fish_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o ship_n the_o six_o part_n be_v more_o obscure_o hint_v at_o verse_n 28._o and_o allude_v to_o the_o land-creature_n that_o be_v create_v the_o six_o day_n and_o last_o he_o declare_v the_o goodness_n of_o god_n in_o general_n who_o daily_o creat_v and_o preserve_v all_o thing_n so_o that_o whatever_o he_o say_v of_o the_o world_n be_v in_o relation_n to_o live_v creature_n he_o speak_v of_o nothing_o but_o what_o be_v grant_v on_o all_o hand_n for_o that_o it_o be_v his_o intent_n to_o extol_v thing_n know_v and_o not_o to_o dive_v into_o hide_a matter_n but_o to_o invite_v man_n to_o contemplate_v the_o benefit_n that_o redound_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o work_n of_o each_o of_o these_o day_n and_o i_o do_v also_o beseech_v my_o reader_n not_o forget_v the_o divine_a goodness_n confer_v on_o mankind_n the_o consideration_n of_o which_o the_o psalmist_n do_v chief_o urge_v that_o when_o he_o return_v from_o the_o temple_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o school_n of_o astronomy_n he_o will_v with_o i_o praise_v and_o admire_v the_o wisdom_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o creator_n which_o i_o discover_v to_o he_o by_o a_o more_o narrow_a explication_n of_o the_o world_n form_n the_o disquisition_n of_o cause_n and_o detection_n of_o the_o error_n of_o sight_n and_o so_o he_o will_v not_o only_o extol_v the_o bounty_n of_o god_n in_o the_o preservation_n of_o live_v creature_n of_o all_o kind_n and_o establishment_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o even_o in_o its_o motion_n also_o which_o be_v so_o strange_a so_o admirable_a he_o will_v acknowledge_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o creator_n but_o he_o who_o be_v so_o stupid_a as_o not_o to_o comprehend_v the_o science_n of_o astronomy_n or_o so_o weak_a and_o scrupulous_a as_o to_o think_v it_o a_o offence_n of_o piety_n to_o adhere_v to_o copernicus_n he_o i_o advise_v that_o leave_v the_o study_n of_o astronomy_n and_o censure_v the_o opinion_n of_o philosopher_n at_o pleasure_n he_o betake_v himself_o to_o his_o own_o concern_v and_o that_o desist_v from_o further_a pursuit_n of_o these_o intricate_a study_n he_o keep_v at_o home_n and_o manure_v his_o own_o ground_n and_o with_o those_o eye_n wherewith_o alone_o he_o see_v be_v elevate_v towards_o this_o to_o be_v admire_v heaven_n let_v he_o pour_v forth_o his_o whole_a heart_n in_o thanks_o and_o praise_n to_o god_n the_o creator_n and_o assure_v himself_o that_o he_o shall_v therein_o perform_v as_o much_o worship_n to_o god_n as_o the_o astronomer_n on_o who_o god_n have_v bestow_v this_o gift_n that_o though_o he_o see_v more_o clear_o with_o the_o eye_n of_o his_o understanding_n yet_o whatever_o he_o have_v attain_v to_o he_o be_v both_o able_a and_o willing_a to_o extol_v his_o god_n above_o it_o and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o authority_n of_o sacred_a scripture_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o saint_n about_o these_o natural_a point_n i_o answer_v in_o one_o word_n that_o in_o theology_n the_o weight_n of_o authority_n but_o in_o philosophy_n the_o weight_n of_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v therefore_o sacred_a be_v lactantius_n who_o deny_v the_o earth_n rotundity_n sacred_a be_v augustine_n who_o grant_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v round_o but_o deny_v the_o antipode_n sacred_a be_v the_o officium_fw-la liturgy_n of_o our_o modern_n who_o admit_v the_o smallnesse_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o deny_v its_o motion_n but_o to_o i_o more_o sacred_a than_o all_o these_o be_v truth_n who_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n do_v demonstrate_v from_o philosophy_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v both_o round_a circumhabit_v by_o antipode_n of_o a_o most_o contemptible_a smallness_n and_o in_o a_o word_n that_o it_o be_v rank_v among_o the_o planet_n a_o abstract_n of_o some_o passage_n in_o the_o commentary_n of_o didacus_n à _fw-la stunica_fw-la of_o salamanca_n upon_o job_n the_o toledo_n edition_n print_v by_o john_n roderick_n anno_fw-la 1584._o in_o quarto_n pag._n 205._o &_o seqq_fw-la on_o these_o word_n chap._n 9_o verse_n 6._o who_o shake_v the_o earth_n out_o of_o her_o place_n and_o the_o pillar_n thereof_o tremble_v the_o sacred_a penman_n here_o set_v down_o another_o effect_n whereby_o god_n show_v his_o almighty_a power_n join_v with_o infinite_a wisdom_n which_o place_n though_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v very_o difficult_a to_o understand_v may_v be_v great_o clear_v by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o pythagorian_n who_o hold_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v move_v of_o its_o own_o nature_n and_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o star_n can_v no_o other_o way_n be_v ascertain_v they_o be_v so_o extreme_o different_a in_o tardity_n and_o velocity_n of_o which_o judgement_n be_v philolaus_n and_o heraclides_fw-la ponticus_n as_o plutarch_n relate_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la philosophorum_fw-la who_o be_v follow_v by_o numa_n pompilius_n and_o which_o i_o more_o regard_n the_o divine_a plato_n in_o his_o old_a age_n insomuch_o that_o he_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v most_o absurd_a to_o think_v otherwise_o as_o the_o same_o plutarch_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o ejus_fw-la numa_n and_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr flatibus_fw-la call_v the_o air_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n the_o earth_n chariot_n but_o in_o this_o our_o age_n copernicus_n do_v demonstrate_v the_o course_n of_o the_o blanet_n to_o be_v according_a to_o this_o opinion_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o planet_n place_n may_v be_v more_o exact_o and_o certain_o assign_v by_o his_o doctrine_n than_o by_o ptolemy_n great_a almoge_v or_o systeme_n or_o the_o opinion_n of_o any_o other_o for_o its_o manifest_a that_o ptolemy_n can_v never_o describe_v either_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o equinox_n or_o assign_v the_o certain_a and_o positive_a beginning_n of_o the_o year_n the_o which_o he_o ingenious_o confess_v in_o lib._n 3._o de_fw-fr almage_a magnum_fw-la ch._n 2._o and_o which_o he_o leave_v to_o be_v discover_v in_o after_o time_n by_o those_o astronomer_n who_o come_v into_o the_o world_n much_o late_a than_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o invent_v some_o way_n to_o make_v more_o accurate_a observation_n and_o although_o the_o hypothesis_n alphonsine_n &_o thebith_n ben_n core_n have_v attempt_v to_o explain_v they_o yet_o it_o appear_v that_o they_o have_v do_v as_o much_o as_o nothing_o for_o the_o position_n of_o the_o alphonsine_n disagree_v among_o themselves_o as_o ricius_fw-la prove_v and_o although_o the_o reason_n of_o thebith_n be_v more_o acute_a and_o that_o thereby_o he_o determine_v the_o certain_a beginning_n of_o the_o year_n be_v that_o which_o ptolemy_n seek_v for_o yet_o it_o be_v now_o clear_a that_o the_o progression_n of_o the_o equinox_n be_v much_o long_a than_o he_o conceive_v they_o can_v be_v moreover_o the_o sun_n be_v find_v to_o be_v much_o near_a to_o we_o than_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v in_o time_n past_a by_o above_o forty_o thousand_o foot_n
follow_v that_o hell_n be_v either_o in_o the_o sun_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v suppose_v by_o this_o hypothesis_n to_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n or_o else_o suppose_v that_o hell_n be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n world_n if_o the_o earth_n shall_v move_v about_o the_o sun_n it_o will_v necessary_o ensue_v that_o hell_n together_o with_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o heaven_n and_o with_o it_o revolve_v about_o the_o three_o heaven_n than_o which_o nothing_o more_o absurd_a can_v be_v say_v or_o imagine_v the_o five_o classis_fw-la other_o be_v of_o those_o authority_n which_o always_o oppose_v heaven_n to_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o again_o the_o earth_n to_o heaven_n as_o if_o there_o be_v the_o same_o relation_n betwixt_o they_o with_o that_o of_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o circumference_n and_o of_o the_o circumference_n to_o the_o centre_n but_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o heaven_n it_o shall_v be_v on_o one_o side_n thereof_o and_o will_v not_o stand_v in_o the_o middle_a and_o consequent_o there_o will_v be_v no_o such_o relation_n betwixt_o they_o which_o nevertheless_o do_v not_o only_o in_o sacred_a writ_n but_o even_o in_o common_a speech_n ever_o and_o every_o where_o answer_v to_o each_o other_o with_o a_o mutual_a opposition_n whence_o that_o of_o genes_n 1._o in_o the_o beginning_n god_n create_v the_o heaven_n and_o the_o earth_n and_o psal._n 115._o the_o heaven_n even_o the_o heaven_n be_v the_o lord_n but_o the_o earth_n have_v he_o give_v to_o the_o child_n of_o menâ—_n and_o our_o saviour_n in_o that_o prayer_n which_o he_o prescribe_v to_o we_o matth._n 6._o thy_o will_v be_v do_v in_o earth_n as_o it_o be_v in_o heaven_n and_o s._n paul_n 1_o corinth_n 15._o the_o first_o man_n be_v of_o the_o earth_n earthy_a the_o second_o man_n be_v of_o heaven_n heavenly_a and_o coloss._n 1._o by_o he_o be_v all_o thing_n create_v that_o be_v in_o heaven_n and_o that_o be_v in_o earth_n and_o again_o have_v make_v peace_n through_o the_o blood_n of_o his_o cross_n for_o all_o thing_n whether_o they_o be_v thing_n in_o earth_n or_o thing_n in_o heaven_n and_o chap._n 3._o set_a your_o affection_n on_o thing_n above_o not_o on_o thing_n on_o the_o earth_n with_o innumerable_a other_o such_o like_a place_n since_o therefore_o these_o two_o body_n be_v always_o mutual_o oppose_v to_o each_o other_o and_o heaven_n without_o all_o doubt_n refer_v to_o the_o circumference_n it_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v to_o be_v adjudge_v the_o place_n of_o the_o centre_n the_o six_o and_o last_o classis_fw-la be_v of_o those_o authority_n which_o be_v rather_o of_o father_n and_o divine_n than_o of_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n say_v that_o the_o sun_n after_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n shall_v stand_v immovable_a in_o the_o east_n immovable_a and_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o west_n which_o station_n if_o the_o pythagorick_a opinion_n hold_v true_a ought_v rather_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o earth_n than_o to_o the_o sun_n for_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o earth_n do_v now_o move_v about_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o after_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n it_o shall_v stand_v immovable_a and_o truth_n be_v if_o it_o must_v subsist_v without_o motion_n in_o one_o constant_a place_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v rather_o stand_v in_o one_o site_n of_o that_o place_n than_o in_o another_o or_o why_o it_o shall_v rather_o turn_v one_o part_n of_o it_o than_o another_o to_o the_o sun_n if_o so_o be_v that_o every_o of_o its_o part_n without_o distinction_n which_o iâ—_n destitute_a of_o the_o sun_n light_n can_v choose_v but_o be_v dismal_a and_o much_o worse_o affect_v than_o that_o part_n which_o be_v illuminate_v hence_o also_o will_v arise_v many_o other_o absurdity_n beside_o these_o these_o be_v the_o class_n etc._n etc._n from_o which_o great_a assault_n be_v make_v against_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o pythagorick_a systeme_n yet_o by_o that_o time_n i_o shall_v have_v first_o lay_v down_o six_o maxim_n or_o principle_n as_o impregnable_a bulwark_n erect_v against_o they_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o batter_v they_o and_o to_o defend_v the_o hypothesis_n of_o pythagoras_n from_o be_v attaque_v by_o they_o which_o before_o i_o propound_v i_o do_v proâ—ess_n with_o that_o humility_n and_o modesty_n which_o become_v a_o christian_n and_o a_o person_n in_o religious_a order_n that_o i_o do_v with_o reverence_n submit_v what_o i_o be_o about_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o holy_a church_n nor_o have_v i_o undertake_v to_o write_v these_o thing_n out_o of_o any_o inducement_n of_o temerity_n or_o ambition_n but_o out_o of_o charity_n and_o a_o desire_n to_o be_v auxiliary_a to_o my_o neighbour_n in_o his_o inquisition_n after_o truth_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o all_o this_o controversy_n maintain_v by_o i_o that_o expect_v to_o be_v better_o instruct_v by_o those_o who_o profess_v these_o study_n which_o i_o shall_v not_o retract_v if_o any_o person_n shall_v by_o solid_a reason_n &_o reiterated_a experiment_n prove_v some_o other_o hypothesis_n to_o be_v more_o probable_a but_o yet_o until_o such_o time_n as_o they_o shall_v decide_v the_o point_n i_o shall_v labour_v all_o i_o can_v for_o its_o support_n my_o first_o and_o chief_a maxim_n be_v this_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v attribute_v in_o holy_a writ_n to_o god_n or_o to_o a_o creature_n that_o be_v not_o beseem_n to_o or_o incommensurate_n with_o they_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v receive_v and_o expound_v one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o four_o follow_a way_n first_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o agree_v with_o they_o metaphorical_o and_o proportional_o or_o by_o similitude_n second_o according_a to_o our_o manner_n of_o consider_v apprehend_v conceive_v understanding_n know_v etc._n etc._n three_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o vulgar_a and_o the_o common_a way_n of_o speak_v to_o which_o vulgar_a speech_n the_o holy_a ghost_n do_v very_o often_o with_o much_o study_n accommodate_v itself_o four_o in_o respect_n of_o ourselves_o and_o for_o that_o he_o make_v himself_o like_a unto_o we_o of_o each_o of_o these_o way_n there_o be_v these_o example_n god_n do_v not_o walk_v since_o he_o be_v infinite_a and_o immovable_a he_o have_v no_o bodily_a member_n since_o he_o be_v a_o pure_a act_n and_o consequent_o be_v void_a of_o all_o passion_n of_o mind_n and_o yet_o in_o sacred_a scripture_n gen._n 3._o vers_fw-la 8._o it_o be_v say_v he_o walk_v in_o the_o cool_a of_o the_o day_n and_o job_n 22._o vers_fw-la 14._o it_o be_v say_v he_o walk_v in_o the_o coeli_fw-la circuit_n of_o heaven_n and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n come_v depart_a make_v haste_n be_v ascribe_v to_o god_n and_o likewise_o bodily_a part_n as_o eye_n ear_n lip_n face_n voice_n countenance_n hand_n foot_n bowâ—â—_n garment_n arm_n as_o also_o many_o passion_n such_o as_o anger_n sorrow_n repentance_n and_o the_o like_a what_o shall_v we_o say_v therefore_o without_o doubt_v such_o like_a attribute_n agree_v with_o god_n to_o use_v the_o schoolmen_n word_n metaphorical_o proportional_o and_o by_o similitude_n and_o touch_v passion_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o god_n condescend_v to_o represent_v himself_o after_o that_o manner_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o lord_n be_v angry_a i._n e._n he_o reveal_v himself_o as_o one_o that_o be_v angry_a he_o grieve_v i._n e._n he_o reveal_v himself_o as_o one_o that_o be_v sorrowful_a it_o repent_v he_o that_o he_o have_v make_v man_n i._n e._n he_o seem_v as_o one_o that_o repent_v and_o indeed_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v comparatiuè_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la and_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o so_o god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o heaven_n to_o move_v in_o time_n to_o show_v himself_o to_o hide_v himself_o to_o observe_v and_o mark_v our_o step_n to_o seek_v we_o to_o stand_v at_o the_o door_n to_o knock_v at_o the_o door_n not_o that_o he_o can_v be_v contain_v in_o a_o bodily_a place_n nor_o that_o he_o be_v real_o move_v nor_o in_o time_n nor_o that_o humane_a manner_n or_o custom_n can_v agree_v with_o he_o save_v only_o according_a to_o our_o manner_n of_o apprehension_n this_o conception_n of_o we_o orderly_o distinguish_v these_o attribute_n in_o he_o one_o from_o another_o when_o notwithstanding_o they_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o he_o this_o apprehension_n of_o we_o divide_v also_o his_o action_n into_o several_a time_n which_o nevertheless_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v produce_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o instant_n and_o this_o to_o conclude_v always_o apprehend_v those_o thing_n with_o some_o defect_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v in_o god_n most_o perfect_a for_o this_o reasâ—n_n do_v the_o sacred_a scripture_n express_v itself_o according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n whilst_o it_o
magnitude_n such_o as_o canopus_n otherwise_o call_v arcanar_n in_o the_o end_n of_o a_o river_n or_o the_o little_a dog_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a dog_n or_o the_o foot_n of_o orion_n call_v rigel_n or_o his_o right_a shoulder_n or_o any_o other_o of_o that_o magnitude_n therefore_o the_o two_o great_a light_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o respect_n of_o we_o and_o according_a to_o vulgar_a estimation_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o true_a and_o real_a existence_n of_o such_o body_n second_o in_o the_o specification_n of_o the_o proposition_n it_o be_v say_v the_o great_a light_n to_o rule_v the_o day_n hereby_o denote_v the_o sun_n in_o which_o the_o verbal_a sense_n of_o scripture_n agree_v with_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o luminary_n and_o globe_n but_o that_o which_o follow_v immediate_o after_o and_o the_o lesser_a light_n to_o rule_v the_o night_n mean_v the_o moon_n can_v be_v take_v in_o the_o true_a and_o real_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n for_o the_o moon_n be_v not_o the_o lesser_a light_n but_o mercury_n which_o be_v not_o only_o much_o lesser_a than_o the_o moon_n but_o also_o than_o any_o other_o star_n and_o if_o again_z it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o holy_a text_n do_v not_o speak_v of_o the_o star_n but_o only_o of_o the_o luminary_n for_o that_o present_o after_o they_o be_v mention_v apart_o and_o the_o star_n and_o that_o what_o we_o say_v be_v true_a touch_v the_o comparison_n of_o the_o star_n among_o themselves_o but_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o luminary_n namely_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n this_o reply_n do_v discover_v a_o man_n to_o be_v utter_o ignorant_a in_o these_o study_n and_o such_o who_o have_v not_o the_o least_o smattering_n in_o they_o do_v conceive_v a_o absurd_a and_o erroneous_a opinion_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n for_o the_o moon_n and_o sun_n consider_v in_o themselves_o and_o as_o they_o appear_v to_o we_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v a_o far_o great_a distance_n from_o we_o than_o indeed_o they_o be_v will_v be_v no_o other_o nor_o will_v appear_v to_o we_o otherwise_o than_o star_n as_o the_o rest_n do_v in_o the_o firmament_n but_o great_a luminary_n they_o neither_o be_v thing_n nor_o seem_v to_o be_v save_v only_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o and_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o star_n as_o to_o themselves_o be_v no_o other_o than_o so_o many_o sun_n and_o so_o many_o moon_n yet_o be_v so_o far_o remote_a from_o we_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o distance_n they_o appear_v thus_o small_a and_o dim_a of_o light_n as_o we_o behold_v they_o for_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a distance_n of_o heavenly_a body_n caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la do_v augment_v and_o diminish_v their_o appearance_n both_o as_o to_o magnitude_n and_o light_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n which_o follow_v in_o that_o place_n of_o genesis_n and_o the_o star_n as_o distinguish_v the_o star_n from_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o no_o other_o acceptation_n than_o that_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o namely_o according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o vulgar_a and_o the_o common_a manner_n of_o speech_n for_o indeed_o according_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n all_o celestial_a body_n be_v shine_a globe_n be_v of_o a_o vast_a bigness_n to_o which_o if_o we_o shall_v be_v so_o near_o as_o we_o be_v to_o the_o moon_n they_o will_v seem_v to_o we_o of_o as_o great_a yea_o a_o great_a magnitude_n than_o the_o moon_n as_o likewise_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o we_o be_v as_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n as_o we_o be_v from_o they_o both_o moon_n and_o sun_n will_v show_v but_o as_o star_n to_o we_o and_o yet_o the_o splendour_n of_o the_o sun_n will_v doubtless_o be_v great_a intensiuè_n than_o that_o of_o any_o other_o star_n for_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o some_o star_n as_o those_o of_o the_o fix_v that_o twinkle_n do_v shine_v of_o themselves_o and_o by_o their_o own_o nature_n as_o the_o sun_n that_o derive_v not_o its_o light_n from_o other_o which_o yet_o remain_v undecided_a and_o doubtful_a and_o borrow_v not_o their_o light_n from_o the_o sun_n nevertheless_o since_o the_o brightness_n of_o none_o of_o the_o star_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o sun_n splendour_n which_o be_v create_v by_o god_n first_o and_o before_o all_o other_o luminary_n in_o the_o high_a kind_n of_o light_n it_o will_v therefore_o notwithstanding_o follow_v that_o none_o of_o those_o star_n although_o place_v in_o the_o same_o proximity_n to_o we_o with_o the_o sun_n and_o therefore_o appear_v to_o we_o of_o the_o same_o magnitude_n as_o the_o sun_n can_v bestow_v upon_o we_o so_o much_o light_n as_o we_o receive_v from_o the_o sun_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o sun_n at_o the_o same_o remoteness_n from_o we_o as_o they_o be_v will_v indeed_o as_o to_o its_o magnitude_n appear_v to_o we_o as_o one_o of_o those_o star_n but_o of_o a_o splendour_n much_o more_o intense_a than_o that_o of_o they_o so_o that_o star_n now_o the_o earth_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o another_o moon_n or_o star_n and_o so_o will_v it_o appear_v to_o we_o if_o we_o shall_v behold_v it_o from_o a_o convenient_a distance_n on_o high_a and_o in_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o that_o variety_n of_o light_n and_o darkness_n which_o the_o sun_n produce_v in_o it_o by_o make_v day_n and_o night_n the_o same_o difference_n of_o aspect_n that_o be_v see_v in_o the_o moon_n and_o such_o as_o be_v observe_v in_o tricorporate_a venus_n in_o like_a manner_n also_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v discern_v in_o other_o planet_n which_o shine_v by_o no_o light_n of_o their_o own_o but_o by_o one_o borrow_v from_o the_o sun_n what_o ever_o therefore_o may_v touch_a these_o matter_n be_v deliver_v in_o the_o sacred_a leave_n or_o the_o common_a speech_n of_o man_n dissent_v from_o the_o real_a truth_n it_o ought_v as_o we_o have_v say_v 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if_o it_o be_v stand_v still_o and_o immovable_a and_o the_o sun_n as_o if_o it_o be_v circumambient_a about_o she_o and_o so_o the_o holy_a scripture_n be_v use_v in_o the_o commune_fw-la and_o vulgar_a way_n of_o speak_v because_o in_o respect_n of_o our_o sight_n the_o earth_n seem_v rather_o to_o stand_v fix_v in_o the_o centre_n and_o the_o sun_n to_o circumvolve_v about_o it_o than_o otherwise_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o those_o that_o be_v put_v off_o from_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o river_n to_o who_o the_o shore_n seem_v to_o move_v backward_o and_o go_v from_o they_o but_o they_o do_v not_o perceive_v which_o yet_o be_v the_o truth_n that_o they_o themselves_o go_v forward_o which_o fallacy_n of_o our_o sight_n be_v note_v and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o assign_v by_o the_o optic_n upon_o which_o as_o be_v strange_a to_o and_o beside_o my_o purpose_n i_o will_v not_o stay_v and_o on_o this_o account_n be_v aeneas_n bring_v in_o by_o virgil_n say_v provehimur_fw-la portu_fw-la terraeque_fw-la urbesque_fw-la recedunt_fw-la but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o consider_v why_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n do_v so_o studious_o comply_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o vulgar_a 3._o and_o why_o it_o do_v not_o rather_o accurate_o instruct_v man_n in_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n the_o reason_n be_v first_o the_o benignity_n of_o divine_a wisdom_n whereby_o it_o sweet_o accomodate_v itself_o to_o all_o thing_n in_o proportion_n to_o their_o capacity_n and_o nature_n whence_o in_o natural_a science_n it_o use_v natural_a and_o necessary_a cause_n but_o in_o liberal_a art_n it_o work_v liberal_o upon_o generous_a person_n after_o a_o sublime_a and_o lofty_a manner_n upon_o the_o common_a people_n familiar_o and_o humble_o upon_o the_o skilful_a
moon_n show_v itself_o more_o bright_a by_o night_n than_o by_o day_n ambient_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o obscurity_n of_o the_o space_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la and_o confequent_o do_v you_o not_o know_v in_o genere_fw-la that_o every_o bright_a body_n show_v the_o clear_a by_o how_o much_o the_o ambient_fw-la be_v obscurer_n simpl._n this_o i_o know_v very_o well_o salv_n when_o the_o moon_n be_v horn_v and_o that_o secondary_a light_n seem_v to_o you_o very_o bright_a be_v it_o not_o ever_o nigh_o the_o sun_n and_o consequent_o in_o the_o light_n of_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la twilight_n simpl._n it_o be_v so_o and_o i_o have_v oftentimes_o wish_v that_o the_o air_n will_v grow_v thick_a that_o i_o may_v be_v able_a to_o see_v that_o same_o light_n more_o plain_o but_o it_o ever_o disappear_v before_o dark_a night_n salv_n you_o know_v then_o very_o certain_o that_o in_o the_o depth_n of_o night_n that_o light_n will_v be_v more_o conspicuous_a simpl._n i_o do_v so_o and_o also_o more_o than_o that_o if_o one_o can_v but_o take_v away_o the_o great_a light_n of_o the_o crescent_n illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n the_o presence_n of_o which_o much_o obscure_v the_o other_o lesser_a salv_n why_o do_v it_o not_o sometime_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o one_o may_v in_o a_o very_a dark_a night_n see_v the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o moon_n without_o be_v at_o all_o illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n simpl._n i_o know_v not_o whether_o this_o ever_o happen_v save_v only_o in_o the_o total_a eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n salv_n why_o at_o that_o time_n this_o its_o light_n will_v appear_v very_o clear_a be_v in_o a_o most_o obscure_a medium_n and_o not_o darken_v by_o the_o clarity_n of_o the_o luminous_a crescent_o but_o in_o that_o position_n how_o light_n do_v it_o appear_v to_o you_o simpl._n i_o have_v sometime_o see_v it_o of_o the_o colour_n of_o brass_n and_o a_o little_a whitish_a but_o at_o other_o time_n it_o have_v be_v so_o obscure_a that_o i_o have_v whole_o lose_v the_o sight_n of_o it_o salv_n how_o then_o can_v that_o light_n be_v so_o natural_a which_o you_o see_v so_o clear_a in_o the_o close_a of_o the_o twilight_n notwithstanding_o the_o impediment_n of_o the_o great_a and_o contiguous_a splendour_n of_o the_o crescent_o and_o which_o again_o in_o the_o more_o obscure_a time_n of_o night_n all_o other_o light_n remove_v appear_v not_o at_o all_o simpl._n i_o have_v hear_v of_o some_o that_o believe_v that_o same_o light_n to_o be_v participate_v to_o these_o crescent_o from_o the_o other_o star_n and_o in_o particular_a from_o venus_n the_o moon_n neighbour_n salv_n and_o this_o likewise_o be_v a_o vanity_n because_o in_o the_o time_n of_o its_o total_a obscuration_n it_o ought_v to_o appear_v more_o shine_a than_o ever_o for_o you_o can_v say_v that_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n intercept_v the_o sight_n of_o venus_n or_o the_o other_o star_n but_o to_o say_v true_a it_o be_v not_o at_o that_o instant_n whole_o deprive_v thereof_o 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then_o to_o egypt_n greece_n france_n spain_n america_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o like_a hold_v in_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n which_o self_n same_o effect_n fall_v out_o exact_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n if_o without_o trouble_v so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v make_v to_o revolve_v in_o itself_o earth_n but_o we_o will_v augment_v the_o difficulty_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o this_o other_o which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a one_o namely_o that_o if_o you_o will_v ascribe_v this_o great_a motion_n to_o heaven_n you_o must_v of_o necessity_n make_v it_o contrary_a to_o the_o particular_a motion_n of_o all_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o planet_n each_o of_o which_o without_o controversy_n have_v its_o peculiar_a motion_n from_o the_o west_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o this_o but_o very_o easy_a and_o moderate_a and_o then_o you_o make_v they_o to_o be_v hurry_v to_o the_o contrary_a part_n i._n e._n from_o 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of_o those_o that_o believe_v it_o be_v not_o so_o ridiculous_a and_o fond_a as_o the_o rout_n of_o vulgar_a philosopher_n esteem_v it_o simp_n the_o answer_n hitherto_o produce_v against_o the_o argument_n bring_v against_o this_o diurnal_a revolution_n of_o the_o earth_n take_v from_o grave_a body_n fall_v from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o tower_n and_o from_o projection_n make_v perpendicular_o upward_o or_o according_a to_o any_o inclination_n sidewayes_o towards_o the_o east_n west_n north_n south_n etc._n etc._n have_v somewhat_o abate_v in_o i_o the_o antiquate_a incredulity_n i_o have_v conceive_v against_o that_o opinion_n but_o other_o great_a doubt_n run_v in_o my_o mind_n at_o this_o very_a instant_n which_o i_o know_v not_o in_o the_o least_o how_o to_o free_v myself_o of_o and_o haply_o you_o yourself_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o resolve_v they_o nay_o it_o be_v possible_a you_o may_v not_o have_v hear_v they_o for_o they_o be_v very_o modern_a and_o these_o be_v the_o objection_n of_o two_o author_n that_o ex_fw-la professo_fw-la write_v against_o copernicus_n copernicus_n some_o of_o which_o be_v read_v in_o a_o little_a tract_n of_o natural_a conclusion_n the_o rest_n be_v by_o a_o great_a both_o philosopher_n and_o mathematician_n insert_v in_o a_o treatise_n which_o he_o have_v write_v in_o favour_n of_o aristotle_n and_o his_o opinion_n touch_v the_o inalterability_n of_o the_o heaven_n where_o he_o prove_v that_o not_o only_o the_o comet_n but_o also_o the_o new_a star_n namely_o that_o anno_fw-la 1572._o in_o cassiopeia_n and_o that_o anno_fw-la 1604._o in_fw-la sagittarius_fw-la be_v not_o above_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o planet_n but_o absolute_o beneath_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o elementary_a sphere_n and_o this_o he_o demonstrate_v against_o tycho_n kepler_n and_o many_o other_o astronomical_a observator_n and_o beat_v they_o at_o their_o own_o weapon_n to_o wit_n the_o doctrine_n of_o parallax_n if_o you_o like_v thereof_o i_o will_v give_v you_o the_o reason_n of_o both_o these_o author_n for_o i_o have_v read_v they_o more_o than_o once_o with_o attention_n and_o you_o may_v examine_v their_o strength_n and_o give_v your_o opinion_n thereon_o salv_n in_o regard_n that_o our_o principal_a end_n be_v to_o bring_v upon_o the_o stage_n and_o to_o consider_v what_o ever_o have_v be_v say_v for_o or_o against_o the_o two_o systeme_n ptolomaick_n and_o copernican_n it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o omit_v any_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v write_v on_o this_o subject_n simp_n i_o will_v begin_v therefore_o with_o the_o objection_n which_o i_o find_v in_o the_o treatise_n of_o conclusion_n and_o afterward_o proceed_v to_o the_o rest_n conclusion_n in_o the_o first_o place_n then_o he_o bestow_v much_o pain_n in_o calculate_v exact_o how_o many_o mile_n a_o hour_n a_o point_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n situate_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a go_v and_o how_o many_o mile_n be_v pass_v by_o other_o point_n situate_v in_o other_o parallel_n and_o not_o be_v content_a with_o find_v out_o such_o motion_n in_o horary_a time_n he_o find_v they_o also_o in_o a_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n and_o not_o content_v himself_o with_o a_o minute_n he_o find_v they_o also_o in_o a_o second_o minute_n yea_o more_o he_o go_v on_o to_o show_v plain_o how_o many_o mile_n a_o cannon_n bullet_n will_v go_v in_o the_o same_o time_n conclusion_n be_v place_v in_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o lunar_a orb_n suppose_v it_o also_o as_o big_a as_o copernicus_n himself_o represent_v it_o to_o take_v away_o all_o subterfuge_n from_o his_o adversary_n and_o have_v make_v this_o most_o ingenious_a and_o exquisite_a supputation_n he_o show_v that_o a_o grave_a body_n fall_v from_o thence_o above_o will_v consume_v more_o than_o six_o day_n in_o attain_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o which_o all_o grave_a body_n natural_o move_v now_o if_o by_o the_o absolute_a divine_a power_n or_o by_o some_o angel_n a_o very_a great_a cannon_n bullet_n be_v carry_v up_o thither_o and_o place_v in_o our_o zenith_n or_o vertical_a point_n and_o from_o thence_o let_v go_v at_o liberty_n it_o be_v in_o he_o and_o also_o in_o my_o opinion_n a_o most_o incredible_a thing_n that_o it_o in_o descend_v downward_o shall_v all_o the_o way_n maintain_v itself_o in_o our_o vertical_a line_n continue_v to_o turn_v round_o with_o the_o earth_n about_o its_o centre_n for_o so_o many_o day_n describe_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a a_o spiral_n line_n in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o great_a circle_n itself_o and_o under_o other_o parallel_n spiral_n line_n about_o cones_n and_o under_o the_o pole_n fall_v by_o a_o simple_a right_a line_n he_o in_o the_o next_o place_n stablish_v and_o confirm_v this_o great_a improbability_n by_o prove_v in_o the_o way_n of_o interrogation_n many_o difficulty_n impossible_a to_o be_v remove_v by_o the_o follower_n of_o copernicus_n and_o they_o be_v if_o i_o do_v well_o remember_v salv_n take_v up_o a_o little_a good_a simplicius_n and_o do_v not_o load_v i_o with_o so_o many_o novelty_n at_o once_o i_o have_v but_o a_o bad_a memory_n and_o therefore_o i_o must_v not_o go_v too_o fast_o and_o in_o regard_n it_o come_v into_o my_o mind_n that_o i_o once_o undertake_v to_o calculate_v how_o long_a time_n such_o a_o grave_a body_n fall_v from_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o moon_n will_v be_v in_o pass_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o i_o think_v i_o remember_v that_o the_o time_n will_v not_o be_v so_o long_o it_o will_v be_v fit_a that_o you_o show_v we_o by_o what_o rule_n this_o author_n make_v his_o calculation_n simp_n he_o have_v do_v it_o by_o prove_v his_o intent_n à _fw-la fortiori_fw-la a_o sufficient_a advantage_n for_o his_o adversary_n suppose_v that_o the_o velocity_n of_o the_o body_n fall_v along_o the_o vertical_a line_n towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o velocity_n of_o its_o circular_a motion_n which_o it_o make_v in_o the_o grand_a circle_n of_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o lunar_a orb._n which_o by_o equation_n will_v come_v to_o pass_v in_o a_o hour_n twelve_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o german_a mile_n a_o thing_n which_o indeed_o savour_v of_o impossibility_n yet_o nevertheless_o to_o show_v his_o abundant_a caution_n and_o to_o give_v all_o advantage_n to_o his_o adversary_n he_o suppose_v it_o for_o true_a and_o conclude_v that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o fall_n ought_v however_o to_o be_v more_o than_o six_o day_n salv_n and_o be_v this_o the_o sum_n of_o his_o method_n and_o do_v he_o by_o this_o demonstration_n prove_v the_o time_n of_o the_o fall_n to_o be_v above_o six_o day_n sagr._fw-la i_o think_v that_o he_o have_v behave_v himself_o too_o modest_o for_o that_o have_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o his_o will_n to_o give_v what_o velocity_n he_o please_v to_o such_o a_o descend_a body_n and_o may_v aswell_o have_v make_v it_o six_o month_n nay_o six_o year_n in_o fall_v to_o the_o earth_n he_o be_v content_a with_o six_o day_n but_o good_a salviatus_n sharpen_v my_o appetite_n a_o little_a by_o tell_v i_o in_o what_o manner_n you_o make_v your_o computation_n in_o regard_n you_o say_v that_o you_o have_v heretofore_o cast_v it_o up_o for_o i_o be_o confident_a that_o if_o the_o question_n have_v not_o require_v some_o ingenuity_n in_o work_v it_o you_o will_v never_o have_v apply_v your_o mind_n unto_o it_o salv_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o sagredus_fw-la that_o the_o subject_n be_v noble_a and_o great_a but_o the_o business_n consist_v in_o handle_v it_o noble_o and_o who_o know_v not_o that_o in_o the_o dissection_n of_o the_o member_n of_o a_o beast_n there_o may_v be_v discover_v infinite_a wonder_n of_o provident_a and_o prudent_a nature_n and_o yet_o for_o one_o that_o the_o anatomist_n dissect_v the_o butcher_n cut_v up_o a_o thousand_o thus_o i_o who_o be_o now_o seek_v how_o to_o satisfy_v your_o demand_n can_v tell_v with_o which_o of_o the_o two_o shape_n i_o have_v best_a to_o appear_v on_o the_o stage_n but_o yet_o take_v heart_n from_o the_o example_n of_o simplicius_n his_o author_n i_o will_v without_o more_o delay_n give_v you_o a_o account_n if_o i_o have_v not_o forget_v how_o i_o proceed_v but_o before_o i_o go_v any_o further_a i_o must_v not_o omit_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o i_o much_o fear_v that_o simplicius_n have_v not_o faithful_o relate_v the_o manner_n how_o this_o his_o author_n find_v that_o the_o cannon_n bullet_n in_o come_v from_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v spend_v more_o than_o six_o day_n for_o if_o he_o have_v suppose_v that_o its_o velocity_n in_o descend_v be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o concave_n as_o simplicius_n say_v he_o do_v suppose_v he_o will_v have_v show_v himself_o ignorant_a of_o
of_o simp_n see_v here_o it_o be_v where_o he_o begin_v to_o argue_v against_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o have_v first_o confute_v the_o annual_a motus_fw-la terrae_fw-la annuus_fw-la asserere_fw-la copernicanos_n cogit_fw-la conversionem_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la quotidianam_fw-la alius_fw-la idem_fw-la terrae_fw-la hemisphaerium_fw-la continenter_fw-la ad_fw-la solemn_a esset_fw-la conversum_fw-la obumbrato_fw-la semper_fw-la averso_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o the_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v compel_v the_o copernican_n to_o assert_v the_o daily_a conversion_n thereof_o otherwise_o the_o same_o hemisphere_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v continual_o turn_v towards_o the_o sun_n the_o shady_a side_n be_v always_o averse_a and_o so_o one_o half_a of_o the_o earth_n will_v never_o come_v to_o see_v the_o sun_n salv_n i_o find_v at_o the_o very_a first_o sight_n that_o this_o man_n have_v not_o right_o apprehend_v the_o copernican_n hypothesis_n for_o if_o he_o have_v but_o take_v notice_n how_o he_o always_o make_v the_o axis_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n perpetual_o parallel_v to_o itself_o he_o will_v not_o have_v say_v that_o one_o half_a of_o the_o earth_n will_v never_o see_v the_o sun_n but_o that_o the_o year_n will_v be_v one_o entire_a natural_a day_n that_o be_v that_o through_o all_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o will_v be_v six_o month_n day_n and_o six_o month_n night_n as_o it_o now_o befall_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n under_o the_o pole_n but_o let_v this_o mistake_n be_v forgive_v he_o and_o let_v we_o come_v to_o what_o remain_v simp_n it_o follow_v hanc_fw-la autem_fw-la gyrationem_fw-la terrae_fw-la impossibilem_fw-la esse_fw-la sic_fw-la demonstramus_fw-la which_o speak_v in_o english_a thus_o that_o this_o gyration_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v impossible_a we_o thus_o demonstrate_v that_o which_o ensue_v be_v the_o declaration_n of_o the_o follow_a figure_n wherein_o be_v delineate_v many_o descend_v grave_a body_n and_o ascend_v light_a body_n and_o bird_n that_o fly_v to_o and_o again_o in_o the_o air_n etc._n etc._n sagr._fw-la let_v we_o see_v they_o i_o pray_v you_o oh_o what_o fine_a figure_n what_o bird_n what_o ball_n and_o what_o other_o pretty_a thing_n be_v here_o simp_n these_o be_v ball_n which_o come_v from_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o moon_n sagr._fw-la and_o what_o be_v this_o simp_n this_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o shellfish_n which_o here_o at_o venice_n they_o call_v buovoli_fw-la and_o this_o also_o come_v from_o the_o moon_n concave_a sagr._fw-la indeed_o it_o seem_v then_o that_o the_o moon_n have_v a_o great_a power_n over_o these_o oyster-fish_n which_o we_o call_v armati_fw-la arm_v sish_n simp_n and_o this_o be_v that_o calculation_n which_o i_o mention_v of_o this_o journey_n in_o a_o natural_a day_n in_o a_o hour_n in_o a_o first_o minute_n and_o in_o a_o second_o which_o a_o point_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v make_v place_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o also_o in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 48_o gr_n and_o then_o follow_v this_o which_o i_o doubt_v i_o have_v commit_v some_o mistake_n in_o recite_v therefore_o let_v we_o read_v it_o his_o positis_fw-la necesse_fw-la est_fw-la terra_fw-la circulariter_fw-la mota_fw-la omne_fw-la ex_fw-la aëre_fw-la eidem_fw-la etc._n etc._n quod_fw-la si_fw-la hasce_fw-la pilas_fw-la aequales_fw-la ponemus_fw-la pondere_fw-la magnitudine_fw-la gravitate_fw-la &_o in_o concavo_fw-la sphaerae_fw-la lunaris_n positas_fw-la libero_fw-la descensui_fw-la permittamus_fw-la si_fw-la motum_fw-la deorsum_fw-la aequemus_fw-la celeritate_fw-la motui_fw-la circum_fw-la quod_fw-la tamen_fw-la secus_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la pila_fw-la a_o etc._n etc._n elabentur_fw-la minimum_fw-la ut_fw-la multum_fw-la cedamus_fw-la adversariis_fw-la die_v sex_n quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la sexies_fw-la circa_fw-la terram_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o english_a thus_o these_o thing_n be_v suppose_v it_o be_v necessary_a the_o earth_n be_v circular_o move_v that_o all_o thing_n from_o the_o air_n to_o the_o same_o etc._n etc._n so_o that_o if_o we_o suppose_v these_o ball_n to_o be_v equal_a in_o magnitude_n and_o gravity_n and_o be_v place_v in_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o lunar_a sphere_n we_o permit_v they_o a_o free_a descent_n and_o if_o we_o make_v the_o motion_n downward_o equal_a in_o velocity_n to_o the_o motion_n about_o which_o nevertheless_o be_v otherwise_o if_o the_o ball_n a_o etc._n etc._n they_o shall_v be_v fall_v at_o least_o that_o we_o may_v grant_v much_o to_o our_o adversary_n six_o day_n in_o which_o time_n they_o shall_v be_v turn_v six_o time_n about_o the_o earth_n etc._n etc._n salv_n you_o have_v but_o too_o faithful_o cite_v the_o argument_n of_o this_o person_n from_o hence_o you_o may_v collect_v simplicius_n with_o what_o caution_n they_o ought_v to_o proceed_v who_o will_v give_v themselves_o up_o to_o believe_v other_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o perhaps_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v themselves_o for_o i_o think_v it_o a_o thing_n impossible_a but_o that_o this_o author_n be_v advise_v that_o he_o do_v design_n to_o himself_o a_o circle_n who_o diameter_n which_o among_o mathematician_n be_v less_o than_o one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n be_v above_o 72_o time_n big_a than_o itself_o a_o error_n that_o affirm_v that_o to_o be_v considerable_o more_o than_o 200_o which_o be_v less_o than_o one_o sagr._fw-la it_o may_v be_v that_o these_o mathematical_a proportion_n which_o be_v true_a in_o abstract_n be_v once_o apply_v in_o concrete_a to_o physical_a and_o elementary_a circle_n do_v not_o so_o exact_o agree_v and_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o the_o cooper_n to_o find_v the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o bottom_n which_o he_o be_v to_o fit_a to_o the_o cask_n do_v make_v use_n of_o the_o rule_n of_o mathematician_n in_o abstract_n although_o such_o bottom_n be_v thing_n mere_o material_a and_o concrete_a therefore_o let_v simplicius_n plead_v in_o excuse_n of_o this_o author_n and_o whether_o he_o think_v that_o the_o physics_n can_v differ_v so_o very_a much_o from_o the_o mathematics_n simp_n the_o subtraction_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n insufficient_a to_o salve_v this_o difference_n which_o be_v so_o extreme_o too_o great_a to_o be_v reconcile_v and_o in_o this_o case_n i_o have_v no_o more_o to_o say_v but_o that_o quandoque_fw-la bone_fw-la dormilet_fw-la homerus_fw-la but_o suppose_v the_o calculation_n of_o it_o salviatus_n to_o be_v more_o exact_a and_o that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o ball_n be_v no_o more_o than_o three_o hour_n yet_o i_o think_v that_o come_v from_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v so_o great_a a_o distance_n off_o it_o will_v be_v a_o admirable_a thing_n that_o it_o shall_v have_v a_o instinct_n of_o maintain_v itself_o all_o the_o way_n over_o the_o selfsame_a point_n of_o the_o earth_n over_o which_o it_o do_v hang_v in_o its_o departure_n thence_o and_o not_o rather_o be_v leave_v a_o very_a great_a way_n behind_o salv_n the_o effect_n may_v be_v admirable_a and_o not_o admirable_a but_o natural_a and_o ordinary_a according_a as_o the_o thing_n precedent_n may_v fall_v out_o for_o if_o the_o ball_n according_a to_o the_o author_n supposition_n whilst_o it_o stay_v in_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o moon_n have_v the_o circular_a motion_n of_o twenty_o four_o hour_n together_o with_o the_o earth_n and_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o thing_n contain_v within_o the_o say_v concave_a that_o very_a virtue_n which_o make_v it_o turn_v round_o before_o its_o descent_n will_v continue_v it_o in_o the_o same_o motion_n in_o its_o descend_v and_o so_o far_o it_o be_v from_o not_o keep_v pace_n with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o from_o stay_v behind_o that_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o out-go_v it_o be_v that_o in_o its_o approach_n to_o the_o earth_n the_o motion_n of_o gyration_n be_v to_o be_v make_v with_o circle_n continual_o lesser_a and_o lesser_a so_o that_o the_o ball_n retain_v in_o itself_o that_o selfsame_a velocity_n which_o it_o have_v in_o the_o concave_n it_o ought_v to_o anticipate_v as_o i_o have_v say_v the_o vertigo_n or_o conversion_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o if_o the_o ball_n in_o the_o concave_n do_v want_v that_o circulation_n it_o be_v not_o oblige_v in_o descend_v to_o maintain_v itself_o perpendicular_o over_o that_o point_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v just_a under_o it_o when_o the_o descent_n begin_v nor_o will_n copernicus_n or_o any_o of_o his_o follower_n affirm_v the_o same_o simp_n but_o the_o author_n make_v a_o objection_n as_o you_o see_v demand_v on_o what_o principle_n this_o circular_a motion_n of_o grave_n and_o light_a body_n do_v depend_v that_o be_v whether_o upon_o a_o internal_a or_o a_o external_a principle_n salv_n keep_v to_o the_o problem_n of_o which_o we_o speak_v i_o say_v that_o that_o very_a principle_n which_o make_v the_o ball_n turn_v round_o while_o it_o be_v in_o the_o lunar_a concave_n be_v the_o same_o that_o maintain_v also_o the_o circulation_n
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world_n
who_o maintain_v the_o truth_n may_v have_v many_o sensible_a experiment_n and_o many_o necessary_a demonstration_n on_o his_o side_n whereas_o his_o antagonist_n can_v make_v use_n of_o no_o other_o than_o deceitful_a appearance_n paralogism_n and_o sophism_n now_o if_o they_o keep_v within_o natural_a bound_n &_o produce_v no_o other_o weapon_n but_o those_o of_o philosophy_n pretend_v however_o to_o have_v so_o much_o advantage_n of_o their_o enemy_n why_o do_v they_o afterward_o in_o come_v to_o engage_v present_o betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o weapon_n inevitable_a &_o dreadful_a to_o terrify_v their_o opponent_n with_o the_o sole_a behold_v of_o it_o but_o if_o i_o may_v speak_v the_o truth_n i_o believe_v that_o they_o be_v the_o first_o that_o be_v affright_v and_o that_o perceive_v themselves_o unable_a to_o bear_v up_o against_o the_o assault_n of_o theit_n adversary_n go_v about_o to_o find_v out_o way_n how_o to_o keep_v they_o far_o enough_o off_o forbid_v unto_o they_o 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they_o not_o hope_v ever_o to_o find_v such_o rash_a and_o precipitous_a determination_n in_o the_o wary_a and_o holy_a father_n or_o in_o the_o absolute_a wisdom_n of_o he_o that_o can_v err_v as_o those_o into_o which_o they_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v hurry_v by_o some_o particular_a affection_n or_o interest_n of_o their_o own_o in_o these_o and_o such_o other_o position_n which_o be_v not_o direct_o the_o fide_fw-la certain_o no_o man_n doubt_n but_o his_o holiness_n have_v always_o a_o absolute_a power_n of_o admit_v or_o condemn_v they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o creature_n to_o make_v they_o to_o be_v true_a or_o false_a otherwise_o than_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n and_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la they_o be_v therefore_o it_o be_v in_o my_o judgement_n more_o discretion_n to_o assure_v we_o first_o of_o the_o necessary_a and_o immutable_a truth_n of_o the_o fact_n over_o which_o none_o have_v power_n than_o without_o that_o certainty_n by_o condemn_v one_o part_n to_o deprive_v one_o self_n of_o that_o authority_n of_o freedom_n to_o elect_v make_v those_o determination_n to_o become_v necessary_a which_o at_o present_a be_v indifferent_a and_o arbitrary_a and_o rest_n in_o the_o will_n of_o supreme_a authority_n and_o in_o a_o word_n if_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o a_o conclusion_n shall_v be_v declare_v heretical_a whilst_o we_o be_v not_o certain_a but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v true_a their_o pain_n be_v in_o vain_a who_o pretend_v to_o condemn_v the_o mobility_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o stability_n of_o the_o sun_n unless_o they_o have_v first_o demonstrate_v it_o to_o be_v impossible_a and_o false_a it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o place_n in_o joshuah_n may_v be_v take_v without_o alter_v the_o pure_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n and_o how_o it_o can_v be_v that_o the_o sun_n obey_v the_o command_n of_o joshuah_n which_o be_v that_o it_o shall_v stand_v still_o the_o day_n may_v thereupon_o be_v much_o lengthen_v which_o business_n if_o the_o celestial_a motion_n be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o ptolomaick_a systeme_n can_v never_o any_o way_n happen_v for_o that_o the_o sun_n move_v through_o the_o ecliptic_a according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o sign_n which_o be_v from_o east_n to_o west_n which_o be_v that_o which_o make_v day_n and_o night_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n manifest_a that_o the_o sun_n cease_v its_o true_a and_o proper_a motion_n the_o day_n will_v become_v short_a and_o not_o long_o and_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o way_n to_o lengthen_v it_o will_v be_v to_o hasten_v and_o velocitate_fw-la the_o sun_n motion_n insomuch_o that_o to_o cause_v the_o sun_n to_o stay_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o some_o time_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o place_n without_o decline_v towards_o the_o west_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o accelerate_v its_o motion_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n which_o will_v be_v a_o accelerate_v it_o about_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o time_n more_o than_o ordinary_a if_o therefore_o joshuah_n have_v have_v a_o intention_n that_o his_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o their_o pure_a and_o proper_a signification_n he_o will_v have_v bid_v the_o sun_n to_o have_v accelerate_a its_o motion_n so_o that_o the_o rapture_n of_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n may_v not_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o west_n but_o because_o his_o word_n be_v hear_v by_o people_n which_o haply_o know_v no_o other_o celestial_a motion_n save_o this_o grand_a and_o common_a one_o from_o east_n to_o west_n stoop_v to_o their_o capacity_n and_o have_v no_o intention_n to_o teach_v they_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o sphere_n but_o only_o that_o they_o shall_v perceive_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o miracle_n wrought_v in_o the_o lengthen_v of_o the_o day_n he_o speak_v according_a to_o their_o apprehension_n possible_o this_o consideration_n move_v dionysius_n areopagita_n to_o say_v that_o in_o this_o miracle_n the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n stand_v still_o and_o this_o stop_n all_o the_o celestial_a sphere_n do_v of_o consequence_n stay_v of_o which_o opinion_n be_v s._n augustine_n himself_o and_o abulensis_n at_o large_a confirm_v it_o yea_o that_o joshua_n intention_n be_v that_o the_o whole_a systeme_n of_o the_o celestial_a sphere_n shall_v stand_v still_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o command_n he_o give_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o the_o moon_n although_o that_o it_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o the_o lengthen_v of_o the_o day_n and_o under_o the_o injunction_n lay_v upon_o the_o moon_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v the_o orb_n of_o all_o the_o other_o planet_n pass_v over_o in_o silence_n here_o as_o also_o in_o all_o other_o place_n of_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n the_o intention_n of_o which_o be_v not_o to_o teach_v we_o the_o astronomical_a science_n i_o suppose_v therefore_o if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v that_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o if_o we_o allow_v the_o ptolemaick_a systeme_n we_o must_v of_o necessity_n interpret_v the_o word_n to_o some_o sense_n different_a from_o their_o strict_a signification_n which_o interpretation_n be_v admonish_v by_o the_o most_o useful_a precept_n of_o s._n augustine_n i_o will_v not_o affirm_v to_o be_v of_o necessity_n this_o abovementioned_a since_o that_o some_o other_o man_n may_v haply_o think_v of_o some_o other_o more_o proper_a and_o more_o agreeable_a sense_n but_o now_o if_o this_o same_o passage_n may_v be_v understand_v in_o the_o copernican_n systeme_n to_o agree_v better_o with_o what_o we_o read_v in_o joshuah_n with_o the_o help_n of_o another_o observation_n by_o i_o new_o show_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n i_o will_v propound_v it_o to_o consideration_n speak_v always_o with_o those_o safe_a reserve_v that_o i_o be_o not_o so_o affectionate_a to_o my_o own_o invention_n as_o to_o
prefer_v they_o before_o those_o of_o other_o man_n and_o to_o believe_v that_o better_a and_o more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o sacred_a volume_n can_v be_v produce_v suppose_v therefore_o in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o in_o the_o miracle_n of_o joshuah_n the_o whole_a systeme_n of_o the_o celestial_a revolution_n stand_v still_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o afore-named_n author_n and_o this_o be_v the_o rather_o to_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o the_o stay_n of_o one_o alone_a all_o the_o constitution_n may_v not_o be_v confound_v and_o a_o great_a disorder_n needless_o introduce_v in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o nature_n i_o come_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o consider_v how_o the_o solar_a body_n although_o stable_n in_o one_o constant_a place_n do_v nevertheless_o revolve_v in_o itself_o make_v a_o entire_a conversion_n in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n or_o thereabouts_o as_o i_o conceive_v i_o have_v solid_o demonstrate_v in_o my_o letter_n dell_fw-it machie_n solari_n which_o motion_n we_o sensible_o see_v to_o be_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o its_o globe_n incline_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o thence_o towards_o the_o low_a part_n to_o incline_v towards_o the_o north_n just_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o all_o the_o other_o orb_n of_o the_o planet_n do_v three_o if_o we_o respect_v the_o nobility_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o his_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o light_n by_o which_o as_o i_o necessary_o demonstrate_v not_o only_o the_o moon_n and_o earth_n but_o all_o the_o other_o planet_n all_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n dark_a of_o themselves_o become_v illuminate_v i_o conceive_v that_o it_o will_v be_v no_o unlogicall_a illation_n to_o say_v that_o it_o as_o the_o grand_a minister_n of_o nature_n and_o in_o a_o certain_a sense_n the_o soul_n and_o heart_n of_o the_o world_n infuse_v into_o the_o other_o body_n which_o environ_v it_o not_o only_o light_a but_o motion_n also_o by_o revolve_v axis_n in_o itself_o so_o that_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o animal_n cease_v all_o the_o other_o motion_n of_o its_o member_n will_v cease_v so_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o sun_n cease_v 〈◊〉_d conversion_n of_o all_o the_o planet_n will_v stand_v still_o and_o though_o i_o can_v produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o many_o grave_a writer_n to_o prove_v the_o admirable_a power_n and_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n i_o will_v content_v myself_o with_o one_o sole_a place_n of_o holy_a dionysius_n areopagita_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr divinis_fw-la nominibus_fw-la who_o thus_o write_v of_o the_o sun_n dispersa_fw-la his_o light_n gather_v and_o convert_v all_o thing_n to_o himself_o which_o be_v see_v move_v illustrate_v wax_v hot_a and_o in_o a_o word_n those_o thing_n which_o be_v preserve_v by_o his_o splendour_n wherefore_o the_o sun_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o that_o he_o collect_v and_o gather_v together_o all_o thing_n disperse_v and_o a_o little_a after_o of_o the_o sun_n again_o he_o add_v etc._n if_o this_o sun_n which_o we_o see_v as_o touch_v the_o essence_n and_o quality_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o fall_v within_o our_o sense_n be_v very_o many_o and_o different_a yet_o if_o he_o who_o be_v one_o and_o equal_o bestow_v his_o light_n do_v renew_v nourish_v defend_v perfect_a divide_v conjoin_v cherish_v make_v fruitful_a increase_n change_n fix_v produce_v move_v and_o fashion_v all_o live_a creature_n and_o every_o thing_n in_o this_o universe_n at_o this_o pleasure_n be_v partaker_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sun_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o many_o thing_n which_o participate_v of_o he_o be_v equal_o auticipate_v in_o he_o certain_o by_o great_a reason_n etc._n etc._n the_o sun_n therefore_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o light_n and_o principle_n of_o motion_n god_n intend_v that_o at_o the_o command_n of_o joshua_n all_o the_o world_n be_v systeme_n shall_v continue_v many_o hour_n in_o the_o same_o state_n it_o suffice_v to_o make_v the_o sun_n stand_v still_o upon_o who_o stay_n all_o the_o other_o conversion_n cease_v the_o earth_n the_o moon_n the_o sun_n do_v abide_v in_o the_o same_o constitution_n as_o before_o as_o likewise_o all_o the_o other_o planet_n nor_o in_o all_o that_o time_n do_v the_o day_n decline_v towards_o night_n but_o it_o be_v miraculous_o prolong_v and_o in_o this_o manner_n upon_o the_o stand_n still_o of_o the_o sun_n without_o alter_v or_o in_o the_o least_o disturb_v the_o other_o aspect_n and_o mutual_a position_n of_o the_o star_n the_o day_n may_v be_v lengthen_v on_o earth_n which_o exact_o agree_v with_o the_o litteral_n sense_n of_o the_o sacred_a text._n but_o that_o of_o which_o if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v we_o be_v to_o make_v no_o small_a account_n be_v that_o by_o help_n of_o this_o copernican_n hypothesis_n we_o have_v the_o litteral_n apart_a and_o natural_a sense_n of_o another_o particular_a that_o we_o read_v of_o in_o the_o same_o miracle_n which_o be_v that_o the_o sun_n stand_v still_o in_o medio_fw-la caeli_fw-la upon_o which_o passage_n grave_n divine_v raise_v many_o question_n in_o regard_n it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o when_o joshuah_n desire_v the_o lengthen_v of_o the_o day_n the_o sun_n be_v near_o set_v and_o not_o in_o the_o meridian_n for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o meridian_n it_o be_v then_o about_o the_o summer_n solstice_n and_o consequent_o the_o day_n be_v at_o the_o long_a it_o do_v not_o seem_v likely_a that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o pray_v for_o the_o lengthen_v of_o the_o day_n to_o prosecute_v victory_n in_o a_o battle_n the_o space_n of_o seven_o hour_n and_o more_o which_o remain_v to_o night_n be_v sufficient_a for_o that_o purpose_n upon_o which_o grave_a divine_n have_v be_v induce_v to_o think_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v near_o set_v and_o so_o the_o word_n themselves_o seem_v to_o sound_v say_v ne_o movearis_fw-la sol_fw-la ne_fw-la movearis_fw-la for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o meridian_n either_o it_o have_v be_v needless_a to_o have_v ask_v a_o mircale_n or_o it_o will_v have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v only_o pray_v for_o some_o retardment_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v cajetan_a to_o which_o subscribe_v magaglianes_n confirm_v it_o by_o say_v that_o joshua_n have_v that_o very_a day_n do_v so_o many_o other_o thing_n before_o his_o command_v the_o sun_n as_o be_v not_o possible_o to_o be_v dispatch_v in_o half_a a_o day_n whereupon_o they_o be_v force_v to_o read_v the_o word_n in_o medio_fw-la coeli_fw-la to_o confess_v the_o truth_n with_o a_o little_a harshness_n say_v that_o they_o import_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o the_o sun_n stand_v still_o be_v in_o our_o hemisphere_n loco_fw-la that_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n but_o if_o i_o do_v not_o err_v we_o shall_v avoid_v that_o and_o all_o other_o harsh_a exposition_n if_o according_a to_o the_o copernican_n systeme_n we_o place_v the_o sun_n in_o the_o midst_n that_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o celestial_a orb_n and_o of_o the_o planetary_a conversion_n as_o it_o be_v most_o requisite_a to_o do_v for_o suppose_v any_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n either_o noon_n or_o any_o other_o as_o you_o shall_v please_v near_o to_o the_o evening_n the_o day_n be_v lengthen_v and_o all_o the_o celestial_a revolution_n stay_v by_o the_o sun_n stand_v still_o in_o the_o midst_n that_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o heaven_n where_o it_o reside_v a_o sense_n so_o much_o the_o more_o accommodate_v to_o the_o letter_n beside_o what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o in_o that_o if_o the_o text_n have_v desire_v to_o have_v affirm_v the_o sun_n rest_v to_o have_v be_v cause_v at_o noonday_n the_o proper_a expression_n of_o it_o have_v be_v to_o say_v it_o stand_v still_o at_o noonday_n or_o in_o the_o meridian_n circle_n and_o not_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o heaven_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o true_a and_o only_o middle_a of_o a_o spherical_a body_n as_o be_v heaven_n be_v the_o centre_n again_o as_o to_o other_o place_n of_o scripture_n which_o seem_v contrary_a to_o this_o position_n i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o that_o if_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v for_o true_a and_o demonstrate_v those_o very_a divine_n who_o so_o long_o as_o they_o repute_v it_o false_a hold_v those_o place_n incapable_a of_o exposition_n that_o agree_v with_o it_o will_v find_v such_o interpretation_n for_o they_o as_o shall_v very_o well_o suit_n therewith_o and_o especial_o if_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o divine_a learning_n they_o will_v but_o add_v some_o knowledge_n of_o the_o astronomical_a science_n and_o as_o at_o present_a whilst_o they_o deem_v it_o false_a they_o think_v they_o meet_v in_o scripture_n only_o with_o such_o place_n as_o make_v against_o it_o if_o they_o shall_v but_o once_o have_v entertain_v
another_o conceit_n thereof_o they_o will_v meet_v peradventure_o as_o many_o other_o that_o accord_n with_o it_o and_o haply_o will_v judge_v that_o the_o holy_a church_n do_v very_o apposite_o teach_v that_o god_n place_v the_o sun_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o heaven_n and_o that_o thereupon_o by_o revolve_v it_o in_o itself_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o wheel_n he_o contribute_v the_o ordinary_a course_n to_o the_o moon_n and_o other_o erratic_a star_n whilst_o that_o she_o sing_v coeli_fw-la deus_fw-la sanctissime_fw-la qui_fw-la lucidum_fw-la centrum_fw-la poli_fw-fr candore_fw-la pingis_fw-la igneo_fw-la augens_fw-la decoro_fw-la lumine_fw-la quarto_fw-la die_fw-la qui_fw-la flammeam_fw-la solis_fw-la rotam_fw-la constituens_fw-la lunae_fw-la ministras_fw-la ordinem_fw-la vagosque_fw-la cursus_fw-la syderum_fw-la they_o may_v say_v that_o the_o name_n of_o firmament_n very_o well_o agree_v ad_fw-la literam_fw-la to_o the_o starry_a sphere_n and_o to_o all_o that_o which_o be_v above_o the_o planetary_a conversion_n which_o according_a to_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v altogether_o firm_a and_o immovable_a ad_fw-la litteram_fw-la the_o earth_n move_v circular_o they_o may_v understand_v its_o pole_n where_o it_o be_v say_v nec_fw-la dum_fw-la terram_fw-la fecerat_fw-la &_o flumina_fw-la &_o cardines_fw-la orbis_n terrae_fw-la which_o cardines_fw-la or_o pole_n hinge_n seem_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o earth_n in_o vain_a if_o it_o be_v not_o to_o turn_v upon_o they_o finis_fw-la a_o abstract_n of_o the_o learned_a treatise_n of_o johannis_n keplerus_n the_o emperor_n mathematician_n entitle_v his_o introduction_n upon_o mars_n it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o there_o be_v very_o many_o who_o be_v devote_v to_o holiness_n that_o dissent_n from_o the_o judgement_n of_o copernicus_n fear_v to_o give_v the_o lie_n to_o the_o holy_a ghost_n speak_v in_o the_o scripture_n if_o they_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o earth_n move_v and_o the_o sun_n stand_v still_o but_o let_v such_o consider_v that_o since_o we_o judge_v of_o very_a many_o and_o those_o the_o most_o principal_a thing_n by_o the_o sense_n of_o see_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o we_o shall_v alienate_v our_o speech_n from_o this_o sense_n of_o our_o eye_n therefore_o many_o thing_n daily_o occur_v of_o which_o we_o speak_v according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o sight_n when_o as_o we_o certain_o know_v that_o the_o thing_n themselves_o be_v otherwise_o a_o example_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o that_o verse_n of_o virgil_n provehimur_fw-la portu_fw-la terraeque_fw-la urbesque_fw-la recedunt_fw-la so_o when_o we_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o narrow_a straight_o of_o some_o valley_n we_o say_v that_o a_o large_a field_n discover_v itself_o so_o christ_n to_o peter_n duc_n in_o altum_fw-la launch_v forth_o into_o the_o deep_a or_o on_o high_a as_o if_o the_o sea_n be_v high_a than_o its_o shore_n for_o so_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o eye_n but_o the_o optic_n show_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o fallacy_n yet_o christ_n use_v the_o most_o receive_a speech_n although_o it_o proceed_v from_o this_o delusion_n of_o the_o eye_n thus_o we_o conceive_v of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o star_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o their_o ascension_n and_o descension_n when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o we_o affirm_v the_o sun_n rise_v other_o say_v that_o it_o go_v down_o see_v my_o optices_fw-la astronomiae_n cap._n 10._o fol._n 327._o so_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o ptolomaick_n affirm_v that_o the_o planet_n stand_v still_o when_o for_o some_o day_n together_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v fix_v although_o they_o believe_v they_o at_o that_o very_a time_n to_o be_v move_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n either_o downward_o to_o or_o upward_o from_o the_o earth_n thus_o the_o writer_n of_o all_o nation_n use_v the_o word_n solstitium_fw-la and_o yet_o they_o deny_v that_o the_o sun_n do_v real_o stand_v still_o likewise_o there_o will_v never_o any_o man_n be_v so_o devote_v to_o copernicus_n but_o he_o will_v say_v the_o sun_n enter_v into_o cancer_n and_o leo_n although_o he_o grant_v that_o the_o earth_n enter_v capricorn_n or_o aquarius_n and_o so_o in_o other_o case_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n but_o now_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n speak_v to_o man_n of_o vulgar_a matter_n in_o which_o they_o be_v not_o intend_v to_o instruct_v man_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n that_o so_o they_o may_v be_v understand_v by_o man_n do_v use_v such_o expression_n as_o be_v grant_v by_o all_o thereby_o to_o insinuate_v other_o thing_n more_o mysterious_a and_o divine_a what_o wonder_n be_v it_o then_o if_o the_o scripture_n speak_v according_a to_o man_n apprehension_n at_o such_o time_n when_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n do_v dissent_v from_o the_o conception_n that_o all_o man_n whether_o learned_a or_o unlearned_a have_v of_o they_o who_o know_v not_o that_o it_o be_v a_o poetical_a allusion_n psal._n 19_o where_o whilst_o under_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o course_n of_o the_o gospel_n as_o also_o the_o peregrination_n of_o our_o lord_n christ_n in_o this_o world_n undertake_v for_o our_o sake_n be_v describe_v the_o sun_n be_v say_v to_o come_v forth_o of_o his_o tabernacle_n of_o the_o horizon_n as_o a_o bridegroom_n out_o of_o his_o chamber_n rejoice_v as_o a_o giant_n to_o run_v a_o race_n which_o virgil_n thus_o imitate_v tithono_fw-la croceum_fw-la linquens_fw-la aurora_n cubile_fw-la for_o the_o first_o poet_n be_v among_o the_o jew_n the_o psalmist_n know_v that_o the_o sun_n go_v not_o forth_o of_o the_o horizon_n as_o out_o of_o its_o tabernacle_n &_o yet_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o eye_n so_o to_o do_v nor_o do_v he_o believe_v that_o the_o sun_n move_v for_o that_o it_o appear_v to_o his_o sight_n so_o to_o do_v and_o yet_o he_o say_v both_o for_o that_o both_o be_v so_o to_o his_o seem_n neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v adjudge_v false_a in_o either_o sense_n for_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o eye_n have_v its_o verity_n fit_a for_o the_o more_o secret_a purpose_n of_o the_o psalmist_n in_o shadow_v forth_o the_o current_a passage_n of_o the_o gospel_n as_o also_o the_o peregrination_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n joshua_n likewise_o mention_v the_o valley_n on_o or_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n move_v for_o that_o they_o appear_v to_o he_o at_o jordan_n so_o to_o do_v and_o yet_o both_o these_o penman_n may_v obtain_v their_o end_n david_n and_o with_o he_o syracide_n the_o magnificence_n of_o god_n be_v make_v know_v which_o cause_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n represent_v to_o sight_n or_o otherwise_o the_o mystical_a meaning_n by_o mean_n of_o these_o visibles_n be_v discern_v and_o joshua_n in_o that_o the_o sun_n as_o to_o his_o sense_n of_o see_v stay_v a_o whole_a day_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o heaven_n whereas_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o other_o it_o lay_v hide_v under_o the_o earth_n but_o incogitant_fw-la person_n only_o look_v upon_o the_o contrariety_n of_o the_o word_n the_o sun_n stand_v still_o that_o be_v the_o earth_n stand_v still_o not_o consider_v that_o this_o contradiction_n be_v confine_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o optic_n and_o astronomy_n for_o which_o cause_n it_o be_v not_o outward_o expose_v to_o the_o notice_n and_o use_n of_o man_n nor_o will_v they_o understand_v that_o the_o only_a thing_n joshuah_n pray_v for_o be_v that_o the_o mountain_n may_v not_o intercept_v the_o sun_n from_o he_o which_o request_n he_o express_v in_o word_n that_o suit_v with_o his_o ocular_a sense_n beside_o it_o have_v be_v very_o unseasonable_a at_o that_o time_n to_o think_v of_o astronomy_n or_o the_o error_n in_o sight_n for_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v have_v tell_v he_o that_o the_o sun_n can_v not_o real_o move_v upon_o the_o valley_n of_o ajalon_n but_o only_o in_o relation_n to_o sense_n will_v not_o joshuah_n have_v reply_v that_o his_o desire_n be_v that_o the_o day_n may_v be_v prolong_v so_o it_o be_v by_o any_o mean_n whatsoever_o in_o like_a manner_n will_v he_o have_v answer_v if_o any_o one_o have_v start_v a_o question_n about_o the_o sun_n mobility_n and_o the_o earth_n motion_n but_o god_n easy_o understand_v by_o joshuahs_n word_n what_o he_o ask_v for_o and_o by_o arrest_v the_o earth_n motion_n make_v the_o sun_n in_o his_o apprehension_n seem_v to_o stand_v still_o for_o the_o sum_n of_o joshuahs_n prayer_n amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o it_o may_v thus_o appear_v to_o he_o let_v it_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v what_o it_o will_v of_o itself_o for_o that_o it_o be_v so_o seem_v be_v not_o in_o vain_a and_o ridiculous_a but_o accompany_v with_o the_o desire_a effect_n but_o read_v the_o ten_o chap._n of_o my_o book_n that_o treat_v of_o the_o optic_a part_n of_o astronomy_n where_o thou_o shall_v find_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o sun_n do_v in_o this_o manner_n seem_v to_o all_o man_n think_v to_o
after_o another_o systeme_n to_o the_o discovery_n of_o which_o he_o do_v very_o earnest_o exhort_v they_o now_o can_v there_o a_o better_a or_o more_o commodious_a hypothesis_n be_v devise_v than_o this_o of_o copernicus_n for_o this_o cause_n many_o modern_a author_n be_v induce_v to_o approve_v of_o and_o follow_v it_o but_o with_o much_o haesitancy_n and_o fear_v in_o regard_n that_o it_o seem_v in_o their_o opinion_n so_o to_o contradict_v the_o holy_a scripture_n as_o that_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v reconcile_v to_o they_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o this_o opinion_n have_v be_v long_o suppress_v and_o be_v now_o entertain_v by_o man_n in_o a_o modest_a manner_n ad_fw-la as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o veil_a face_n according_a to_o that_o advice_n of_o the_o poet_n judicium_fw-la populi_fw-la nunquam_fw-la contempseris_fw-la unus_fw-la ne_fw-la nullis_fw-la placeas_fw-la dum_fw-la vis_fw-la contemnere_fw-la multos_fw-la upon_o consideration_n of_o which_o out_o of_o my_o very_a great_a love_n towards_o the_o science_n and_o my_o ardent_a desire_n to_o see_v the_o increase_n and_o perfection_n of_o they_o and_o the_o light_n of_o truth_n free_v from_o all_o error_n and_o obscurity_n i_o begin_v to_o argue_v with_o myself_o touch_v this_o point_n after_o this_o manner_n this_o opinion_n of_o the_o pythagorean_n be_v either_o true_a or_o false_a if_o false_a it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v mention_v and_o deserve_v not_o to_o be_v divulge_v if_o true_a it_o matter_n not_o though_o it_o contradict_v all_o as_o well_o philosopher_n as_o astronomer_n and_o though_o for_o its_o establishment_n and_o reducement_n to_o use_v a_o new_a philosophy_n and_o astronomy_n found_v upon_o new_a principle_n and_o hypothese_n shall_v be_v constitute_v for_o the_o authority_n of_o sacred_a scripture_n will_v not_o oppose_v it_o neither_o do_v one_o truth_n contradict_v another_o if_o therefore_o the_o opinion_n of_o pythagoras_n be_v true_a without_o doubt_n god_n have_v dispose_v and_o dictate_v the_o word_n of_o of_o holy_a writ_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o may_v admit_v a_o apt_a sense_n and_o reconciliation_n with_o that_o hypothesis_n be_v move_v by_o these_o reason_n and_o the_o probability_n of_o the_o say_a opinion_n i_o think_v good_a to_o try_v whether_o text_n of_o sacred_a scripture_n may_v be_v expound_v according_a to_o theological_a and_o physical_a principle_n and_o may_v be_v reconcile_v to_o it_o so_o that_o in_o regard_n that_o hitherto_o it_o have_v be_v hold_v probable_a it_o may_v in_o after_o time_n come_v without_o scruple_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v for_o true_a advance_v itself_o and_o appear_v in_o public_a with_o a_o uncovered_a face_n without_o any_o man_n prohibition_n and_o may_v lawful_o and_o free_o hold_v a_o sacred_a intelligence_n with_o holy_a truth_n so_o earnest_o coveâ—ed_v and_o commend_v by_o good_a men._n which_o design_n have_v hitherto_o be_v undertake_v by_o none_o that_o i_o know_v modern_n will_n i_o be_o persuade_v be_v very_o acceptable_a to_o the_o studious_a of_o these_o learning_n especial_o to_o the_o most_o learned_a galileo_n galilaei_n chief_a mathematician_n to_o the_o most_o serene_a grand_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n and_o john_n kepler_n chief_a mathematician_n to_o his_o sacred_a and_o invincible_a majesty_n the_o emperor_n and_o to_o all_o that_o illustrious_a and_o much_o to_o be_v commend_v academy_n of_o the_o lyncean_n who_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o be_v all_o of_o this_o opinion_n although_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o and_o many_o other_o learned_a man_n may_v easy_o have_v find_v out_o these_o or_o the_o like_a reconciliation_n of_o scriptural_a expression_n to_o who_o nevertheless_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a in_o respect_n of_o that_o profession_n which_o i_o have_v undertake_v upon_o the_o faith_n of_o my_o soul_n and_o the_o propensity_n that_o i_o have_v towards_o truth_n to_o offer_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n nullius_fw-la addictus_fw-la jurare_fw-la in_o verba_fw-la magistri_fw-la and_o in_o testimony_n of_o my_o esteem_n to_o they_o and_o all_o the_o learned_a to_o communicate_v these_o my_o thought_n confident_o assure_v myself_o that_o they_o will_v accept_v they_o with_o a_o candour_n equal_a to_o that_o wherewith_o i_o have_v write_v they_o therefore_o to_o come_v to_o the_o business_n all_o authority_n of_o divine_a writ_n which_o seem_v to_o oppose_v this_o opinion_n be_v reducible_a to_o six_o class_n the_o first_o be_v of_o those_o that_o affirm_v the_o earth_n to_o stand_v still_o and_o not_o to_o move_v as_o psal._n 92._o he_o frame_v the_o round_a world_n so_o sure_a that_o it_o can_v be_v move_v also_o psal._n 104._o who_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v remove_v for_o ever_o and_o ecclesiaste_v 1_o but_o the_o earth_n abide_v for_o ever_o and_o other_o of_o the_o like_a sense_n the_o second_o be_v of_o those_o which_o attest_v the_o sun_n to_o move_v and_o revolve_v about_o the_o earth_n as_o psal._n 19_o follow_v in_o they_o have_v he_o set_v a_o tabernacle_n for_o the_o sun_n which_o come_v forth_o as_o a_o bridegroom_n out_o of_o his_o chamber_n and_o rejoice_v as_o a_o giant_n to_o run_v his_o course_n it_o come_v forth_o from_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o run_v about_o unto_o the_o end_n of_o it_o again_o and_o there_o be_v nothing_o hide_v from_o the_o heat_n thereof_o and_o ecclesiast_n 1._o the_o sun_n rise_v and_o the_o sun_n go_v down_o and_o haste_v to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o arise_v it_o go_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o turn_v about_o unto_o the_o north._n whereupon_o the_o sun_n retrogradation_n be_v mention_v as_o a_o miracle_n isaiah_n 38._o the_o sun_n return_v ten_o degree_n and_o ecclesiasticus_fw-la 48._o in_o his_o time_n the_o sun_n go_v backward_o and_o lengthen_v the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v relate_v for_o a_o miracle_n in_o the_o book_n of_o joshuah_n that_o at_o the_o prayer_n of_o that_o great_a captain_n the_o sun_n stand_v still_o its_o motion_n be_v forbid_v it_o by_o he_o josh._n 10._o sun_n stand_v thou_o still_o upon_o gibeon_n now_o if_o the_o sun_n shall_v stand_v still_o and_o the_o earth_n move_v about_o it_o its_o station_n at_o that_o time_n be_v no_o miracle_n and_o if_o joshuah_n have_v intend_v that_o the_o light_n of_o the_o day_n shall_v have_v be_v prolong_v by_o the_o sun_n splendour_n he_o will_v not_o have_v say_v sun_n stand_v thou_o still_o but_o rather_o earth_n stand_v thou_o still_o the_o three_o classis_fw-la be_v of_o those_o authority_n which_o say_v that_o heaven_n be_v above_o and_o the_o earth_n beneath_o of_o which_o sort_n be_v that_o place_n of_o joel_n chap._n 2._o cite_v by_o s._n peter_n in_o acts._n 2._o i_o will_v show_v wonder_n in_o heaven_n above_o and_o sign_n in_o the_o earth_n beneath_o with_o other_o of_o the_o like_a purport_n hereupon_o christ_n at_o his_o incarnation_n be_v say_v to_o come_v down_o from_o heaven_n and_o after_o his_o resurrection_n to_o have_v ascend_v up_o into_o heaven_n but_o if_o the_o earth_n shall_v move_v about_o the_o sun_n it_o will_v be_v as_o one_o may_v say_v in_o heaven_n and_o consequent_o will_v rather_o be_v above_o heaven_n than_o beneath_o it_o and_o this_o be_v confirm_v for_o that_o the_o opinion_n which_o place_v the_o sun_n in_o the_o centre_n do_v likewise_o place_n mercury_n above_o the_o sun_n and_o venus_n above_o mercury_n and_o the_o earth_n above_o venus_n together_o with_o the_o moon_n which_o revolve_v about_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o the_o earth_n together_o with_o the_o moon_n be_v place_v in_o the_o three_o heaven_n if_o therefore_o in_o spherical_a body_n circumference_n as_o in_o the_o world_n beneath_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o to_o be_v near_o to_o the_o centre_n and_o above_o than_o to_o approach_v the_o circumference_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o for_o make_v good_a of_o theological_n position_n concern_v the_o ascension_n and_o descension_n of_o christ_n the_o earth_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o centre_n and_o the_o sun_n with_o the_o other_o heaven_n in_o the_o circumference_n and_o not_o according_a to_o copernicus_n who_o hypothesis_n invert_v this_o order_n with_o which_o one_o can_v see_v how_o the_o true_a ascension_n and_o descension_n can_v be_v consistent_a the_o four_o classis_fw-la be_v of_o those_o authority_n which_o make_v hell_n to_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o divine_n and_o confirm_v by_o this_o reason_n that_o since_o hell_n take_v in_o its_o strict_a denomination_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o since_o that_o in_o a_o sphere_n there_o be_v no_o part_n low_o than_o the_o centre_n hell_n shall_v be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v of_o a_o spherical_a figure_n it_o must_v
ascribe_v to_o the_o earth_n end_v and_o foundation_n which_o yet_o it_o have_v not_o to_o the_o sea_n a_o depth_n not_o to_o be_v fathom_v to_o death_n which_o be_v a_o privation_n and_o consequent_o a_o nonentity_n it_o appropriate_v action_n motion_n passion_n and_o other_o such_o like_a accident_n of_o all_o which_o it_o be_v deprive_v as_o also_o epithet_n and_o adjunct_n which_o real_o can_v suit_v with_o it_o be_v not_o the_o bitterness_n of_o death_n pass_v 1_o sam._n 15._o 32._o let_v death_n come_v upon_o they_o psal_n 6._o he_o have_v prepare_v the_o instrument_n of_o death_n psal._n 7._o 14._o thou_o raise_v i_o from_o the_o gate_n of_o death_n psal._n 84._o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o death_n psal._n 23._o love_n be_v strong_a as_o death_n cant._n 8._o 9_o the_o first-born_a of_o death_n job_n 18._o 13._o destruction_n and_o death_n say_v etc._n etc._n job_n 28._o 22._o and_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o whole_a history_n of_o the_o rich_a glutton_n do_v consist_v of_o the_o like_a phrase_n of_o vulgar_a speech_n 16._o so_o ecclesiasticus_fw-la chap._n 27._o vers_fw-la 11._o the_o godly_a man_n abide_v in_o wisdom_n as_o the_o sun_n but_o a_o fool_n change_v as_o the_o moon_n and_o yet_o the_o moon_n according_a to_o the_o real_a truth_n of_o the_o matter_n no_o way_n change_v but_o abide_v the_o same_o for_o ever_o as_o astronomer_n demonstrate_v one_o half_a thereof_o remain_v always_o lucid_a and_o the_o other_o always_o opacous_a not_o at_o any_o time_n do_v this_o state_n vary_v in_o it_o unless_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o and_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o vulgar_a hence_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o holy_a scripture_n speak_v according_a to_o the_o common_a form_n of_o speech_n use_v among_o the_o unlearned_a and_o according_a to_o the_o appearance_n of_o thing_n and_o not_o according_a to_o their_o true_a existence_n in_o like_a manner_n genes_n 1._o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o all_o thing_n the_o light_n be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v first_o of_o all_o and_o yet_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o text_n and_o the_o evening_n and_o the_o morning_n make_v the_o first_o day_n and_o a_o little_a after_o the_o several_a act_n of_o the_o creation_n be_v distinguish_v and_o assign_v to_o several_a day_n and_o concern_v each_o of_o they_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o text_n and_o the_o evening_n and_o the_o morning_n make_v the_o second_o day_n and_o then_o the_o three_o day_n the_o four_o day_n etc._n etc._n hence_o many_o doubt_n arise_v all_o which_o i_o shall_v propound_v according_a to_o the_o common_a systeme_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v even_o from_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o that_o systeme_n that_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n sometime_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o emergent_a difficulty_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o a_o vulgar_a sense_n and_o meaning_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n phys._n which_o distinction_n even_o aristotle_n himself_o seem_v to_o have_v hint_v when_o he_o say_v *_o some_o thing_n be_v more_o intelligible_a to_o we_o other_o by_o nature_n or_o secundum_fw-la se._n first_o therefore_o if_o the_o light_n be_v make_v before_o heaven_n than_o it_o roll_v about_o without_o heaven_n to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o distinction_n of_o day_n and_o night_n now_o this_o be_v contrary_n to_o the_o very_a doctrine_n of_o these_o man_n who_o affirm_v that_o no_o celestial_a body_n can_v be_v move_v unless_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la and_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o heaven_n and_o as_o a_o knot_n in_o a_o board_n at_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o board_n again_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o light_n be_v create_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o heaven_n and_o begin_v to_o be_v move_v with_o heaven_n another_o doubt_n arise_v that_o likewise_o oppose_v the_o foresay_a common_a hypothesis_n for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o day_n and_o night_n morning_n and_o evening_n be_v make_v that_o same_o be_v either_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o universe_n or_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o we_o if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o sun_n turn_v round_o according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o common_a systeme_n do_v not_o cause_v the_o night_n and_o day_n but_o only_o to_o opacous_a body_n which_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o other_o light_n but_o that_o of_o the_o sun_n whilst_o in_o their_o half_a part_n which_o be_v their_o hemisphere_n and_o no_o more_o for_o that_o the_o sun_n light_n pass_v over_o but_o one_o half_a of_o a_o opacous_a body_n unless_o a_o very_a small_a matter_n more_o in_o those_o of_o lesser_a bulk_n they_o be_v illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n aspect_n the_o other_o half_o remain_v dark_a and_o tenebrose_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o a_o shadow_n proceed_v from_o its_o own_o body_n therefore_o the_o distinction_n of_o day_n by_o the_o light_n of_o heaven_n according_a to_o the_o description_n of_o they_o in_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n must_v not_o be_v understand_v absolute_o and_o secundum_fw-la se_fw-la and_o nature_n herself_o but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o of_o we_o its_o inhabitant_n and_o consequent_o secundum_fw-la nos_fw-la it_o be_v not_o therefore_o new_a nor_o unusual_a in_o sacred_a scripture_n to_o speak_v of_o thing_n secundum_fw-la nos_fw-la and_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o and_o secundum_fw-la apparentiam_fw-la but_o not_o secundum_fw-la se_fw-la and_o rei_fw-la naturam_fw-la or_o absolute_o and_o simple_o and_o if_o any_o one_o will_v understand_v these_o day_n of_o sacred_a scripture_n not_o only_a secundum_fw-la nos_fw-la but_o also_o secundum_fw-la naturam_fw-la as_o circulation_n of_o celestial_a light_n return_v to_o the_o self_n same_o point_n from_o whence_o it_o do_v at_o first_o proceed_v so_o as_o that_o there_o need_v no_o respect_n to_o be_v have_v to_o night_n or_o to_o umbram_fw-la darkness_n for_o which_o sole_a reason_n we_o be_v fain_o to_o embrace_v the_o interpretation_n of_o sacred_a scripture_n secundum_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o opposition_n to_o this_o we_o may_v thus_o argue_v if_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n be_v understand_v to_o speak_v absolute_o of_o iterate_a and_o successive_a circulation_n of_o light_n and_o not_o respectu_fw-la nostri_fw-la as_o if_o these_o word_n evening_n and_o morning_n have_v never_o be_v insert_v which_o in_o their_o natural_a acceptation_n denote_v the_o sun_n habitude_n to_o we_o and_o to_o the_o earth_n for_o that_o the_o morning_n be_v that_o time_n when_o the_o sun_n begin_v to_o wax_v light_n and_o to_o rise_v above_o the_o horizon_n in_o the_o east_n and_o become_v visible_a in_o our_o hemisphere_n and_o evening_n be_v the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n decline_v in_o the_o west_n and_o approach_v with_o its_o light_n near_o to_o the_o other_o opposite_a horizon_n and_o hemisphere_n which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o this_o of_o we_o but_o the_o word_n day_n be_v a_o correlative_a to_o the_o word_n night_n from_o hence_o therefore_o it_o evident_o appear_v that_o these_o three_o word_n evening_n morning_n and_o day_n can_v be_v understand_v of_o a_o circulation_n of_o light_n secundum_fw-la se_fw-la and_o absolutè_fw-la but_o only_o secundum_fw-la nos_fw-la and_o respectu_fw-la nostri_fw-la and_o in_o that_o sense_n indeed_o the_o morning_n and_o evening_n do_v make_v the_o night_n and_o day_n in_o like_a manner_n gen._n 1._o 16._o it_o be_v say_v god_n make_v two_o great_a light_n the_o great_a light_n to_o rule_v the_o day_n and_o the_o lesser_a light_n to_o rule_v the_o night_n and_o the_o star_n where_o both_o in_o the_o proposition_n and_o in_o the_o specification_n of_o it_o thing_n be_v speak_v which_o be_v very_o disagree_v with_o celestial_a body_n therefore_o those_o word_n be_v in_o that_o place_n to_o be_v interpret_v according_a to_o the_o foresay_a rule_n namely_o according_a to_o the_o three_o and_o four_o so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o vulgar_a and_o the_o common_a way_n of_o speak_v which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v secundum_fw-la apparentiam_fw-la and_o secundum_fw-la nos_fw-la vel_fw-la respectu_fw-la nostri_fw-la for_o first_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o proposition_n and_o god_n make_v two_o great_a light_n meaning_n by_o they_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n whereas_o according_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n these_o be_v not_o the_o great_a light_n for_o although_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v reckon_v among_o the_o great_a the_o moon_n may_v not_o be_v so_o unless_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o because_o among_o those_o that_o be_v absolute_o the_o great_a and_o a_o little_o lesser_a than_o the_o sun_n nay_o in_o a_o manner_n equal_a to_o it_o and_o far_o big_a than_o the_o moon_n heaven_n we_o may_v with_o great_a reason_n enumerate_v saturn_n or_o some_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n of_o the_o first_o
from_o he_o as_o the_o agent_n to_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o subject_a do_v sensible_o glide_v forward_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o orbicular_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o do_v always_o betake_v itself_o to_o some_o new_a place_n of_o her_o surface_n upon_o which_o ground_n he_o be_v true_o say_v secundum_fw-la vulgarem_fw-la sermonem_fw-la to_o move_v above_o and_o revolve_v about_o the_o earth_n not_o that_o the_o sun_n do_v move_v for_o by_o this_o opinion_n we_o affirm_v the_o earth_n to_o move_v that_o it_o may_v receive_v the_o sun_n one_o while_n in_o one_o another_o while_n in_o another_o part_n of_o it_o but_o that_o at_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n herself_o a_o contrary_a way_n the_o quality_n diffuse_v into_o she_o and_o impress_v upon_o she_o by_o the_o sun_n namely_o the_o light_n of_o the_o day_n be_v move_v which_o rise_v in_o one_o part_n of_o she_o and_o set_v in_o another_o contrary_n to_o that_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o her_o motion_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o sun_n itself_o by_o consequence_n be_v say_v to_o rise_v and_o set_v which_o notwithstanding_o ex_fw-la hypothesi_fw-la stand_v immovable_a and_o that_o no_o otherwise_o then_o per_fw-la donominationem_fw-la extrinsecam_fw-la as_o have_v be_v say_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o command_n of_o joshuah_n 12._o sun_n stand_v thou_o still_o and_o the_o miracle_n of_o the_o sun_n cessation_n of_o motion_n wrought_v by_o he_o may_v be_v so_o understand_v as_o that_o not_o the_o solar_a body_n proper_o but_o the_o sun_n splendour_n upon_o the_o earth_n stand_v still_o so_o that_o not_o the_o sun_n itself_o be_v of_o itself_o before_o that_o time_n immovable_a but_o the_o earth_n that_o receive_v its_o splendour_n stay_v her_o motion_n which_o as_o she_o incessant_o pursue_v her_o ordinary_a motion_n towards_o the_o east_n expect_a call_v up_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o west_n so_o stand_v still_o the_o sun_n light_n impress_v upon_o it_o likewise_o stand_v still_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n proportional_o be_v that_o text_n of_o isaiah_n explain_v 8._o touch_v the_o sun_n go_v ten_o degree_n backward_o upon_o the_o dial_n of_o ahaz_n so_o which_o may_v serve_v for_o another_o example_n the_o hand_n be_v move_v about_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o burn_a candle_n that_o stand_v still_o the_o light_n move_v on_o the_o hand_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o say_a hand_n be_v illustrate_v now_o in_o one_o part_n anon_o in_o another_o when_o as_o the_o candle_n itself_o all_o the_o while_n remove_v not_o out_o of_o its_o place_n whereupon_o per_fw-la denominationem_fw-la extrinsecam_fw-la the_o say_a light_n may_v be_v affirm_v to_o rise_v and_o set_v upon_o the_o hand_n namely_o by_o the_o sole_a motion_n of_o the_o say_a hand_n the_o candle_n itself_o never_o move_v all_o the_o while_n and_o let_v this_o suffice_v for_o the_o explanation_n of_o my_o first_o principle_n or_o maxim_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o difficulty_n and_o extraordinary_a weight_n require_v some_o prolixity_n in_o the_o handle_n of_o it_o my_o second_o maxim_n be_v this_o thing_n both_o spiritual_a and_o corporeal_a durable_a and_o corruptible_a movable_a and_o immovable_a have_v receive_v from_o god_n a_o perpetual_a unchangeable_a and_o inviolable_a law_n constitute_v the_o essence_n and_o nature_n of_o every_o one_o of_o they_o according_a to_o which_o law_n all_o of_o they_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n persist_v in_o a_o certain_a order_n and_o constancy_n and_o observe_v the_o same_o perpetual_a course_n may_v deserve_o be_v style_v most_o stable_a and_o determinate_a thus_o fortune_n than_o which_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n more_o inconstant_a or_o fickle_a be_v say_v to_o be_v constant_a and_o unalterable_a in_o her_o continual_a volubility_n vicissitude_n and_o inconstancy_n which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o that_o verse_n et_fw-la semper_fw-la constans_fw-la in_o levitate_fw-la sua_fw-la est_fw-la and_o thus_o the_o motion_n of_o heaven_n which_o by_o the_o constan_a law_n of_o nature_n ought_v to_o be_v perpetual_a may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v immutable_a and_o immovable_a and_o the_o heaven_n themselves_o to_o be_v immovable_o move_v and_o terrene_a thing_n to_o be_v immutable_o change_v because_o those_o never_o cease_v move_v nor_o these_o change_n by_o this_o principle_n or_o maxim_n all_o difficulty_n belong_v to_o the_o first_o classis_fw-la be_v clear_v by_o which_o the_o earth_n be_v say_v to_o be_v stable_n and_o immovable_a that_o be_v by_o understand_v this_o one_o thing_n that_o the_o earth_n as_o to_o its_o own_o nature_n though_o it_o include_v in_o itself_o a_o local_a motion_n and_o that_o threefold_a copernicus_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o copernicus_n scilicet_fw-la diurnal_a with_o which_o it_o revolve_v about_o its_o own_o centre_n annual_a by_o which_o it_o move_v through_o the_o twelve_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o inclination_n by_o which_o its_o axis_n be_v always_o oppose_v to_o the_o same_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o also_o other_o species_n of_o mutation_n such_o as_o generation_n and_o corruption_n accretion_n and_o diminution_n and_o alteration_n of_o divers_a kind_n yet_o in_o all_o these_o she_o be_v stable_a &_o constant_a never_o deviate_a from_o that_o order_n which_o god_n have_v appoint_v she_o but_o move_v continual_o constant_o and_o immutable_o according_a to_o the_o six_o before_o name_v species_n of_o motion_n my_o three_o maxim_n shall_v be_v this_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v move_v according_a to_o some_o part_n of_o it_o and_o not_o according_a to_o its_o whole_a it_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v simple_o &_o absolute_o move_v but_o only_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la for_o that_o stability_n take_v simple_o &_o absolute_o do_v rather_o accord_v with_o the_o same_o as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o barrel_n or_o other_o measure_n of_o water_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o transfer_v to_o another_o place_n the_o sea_n may_v not_o therefore_o absolute_o &_o simple_o be_v say_v to_o be_v remove_v from_o place_n to_o place_n but_o only_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la and_o secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la that_o be_v according_a to_o a_o part_n of_o it_o but_o rather_o to_o speak_v simple_o we_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o sea_n can_v be_v carry_v or_o move_v out_o of_o its_o proper_a place_n though_o as_o to_o its_o part_n it_o be_v move_v and_o transfer_v to_o &_o again_o this_o maxim_n be_v manifest_a of_o itself_o and_o by_o it_o may_v the_o authority_n be_v explain_v which_o seem_v to_o make_v for_o the_o immobility_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o this_o manner_n namely_o the_o earth_n per_fw-la se_fw-la &_o absolutè_fw-la consider_v as_o to_o its_o whole_a be_v not_o mutable_a see_v it_o be_v neither_o generate_v nor_o corrupt_v neither_o increase_v nor_o diminish_v neither_o be_v it_o alter_v secundum_fw-la totum_fw-la immovable_a but_o only_o secundum_fw-la part_n now_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o this_o be_v the_o genuine_a and_o true_a sense_n of_o what_o be_v ascribe_v to_o it_o out_o of_o ecclesiastes_n cap._n 1._o v._n 4._o one_o generation_n pass_v away_o and_o another_o generation_n come_v but_o the_o earth_n abide_v for_o ever_o as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v although_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o its_o part_n do_v generate_v and_o corrupt_v and_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o vicissitude_n of_o generation_n and_o corruption_n yet_o in_o reference_n to_o its_o whole_a it_o never_o generate_v nor_o corrupt_v but_o abide_v immutable_a for_o ever_o like_a as_o a_o ship_n which_o though_o it_o be_v mend_v one_o while_n in_o the_o sailyard_n another_o while_n in_o the_o stern_a and_o afterward_o in_o other_o part_n it_o yet_o remain_v the_o same_o ship_n as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v advertise_v that_o that_o scripture_n do_v not_o speak_v of_o a_o local_a motion_n but_o of_o mutation_n of_o another_o nature_n as_o in_o the_o very_a substance_n quantity_n or_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o but_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o local_a motion_n than_o it_o may_v be_v explain_v by_o the_o ensue_a maxim_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o respect_n be_v have_v to_o the_o natural_a place_n assign_v it_o in_o the_o universe_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v by_o and_o by_o the_o four_o axiom_n be_v this_o that_o every_o corporeal_a thing_n movable_a or_o immovable_a from_o its_o very_a first_o creation_n be_v allot_v its_o proper_a and_o natural_a place_n and_o be_v draw_v or_o remove_v from_o thence_o its_o motion_n be_v violent_a and_o it_o have_v a_o natural_a tendency_n to_o move_v back_o thither_o again_o also_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v move_v from_o its_o natural_a place_n secundum_fw-la totum_fw-la for_o most_o great_a and_o dreadful_a mischief_n will_v follow_v from_o that_o perturbation_n of_o thing_n in_o the_o universe_n place_n