be_v bring_v up_o in_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o gentile_n even_o unto_o the_o year_n 1256._o in_o which_o the_o great_a cham_n emperor_n of_o the_o tartar_n make_v a_o incursion_n into_o china_n or_o cathay_n with_o a_o irresistible_a army_n in_o a_o short_a space_n as_o i_o have_v relate_v before_o subject_v the_o whole_a country_n unto_o his_o dominion_n who_o as_o he_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n so_o also_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o christian_n as_o paulus_n venetus_n and_o haython_n relate_v enter_v with_o he_o propagate_v themselves_o in_o a_o great_a number_n who_o at_o length_n when_o again_o the_o native_n recover_v the_o whole_a empire_n and_o expel_v the_o tartar_n the_o christian_n also_o whether_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o persecution_n or_o out_o of_o hope_n of_o live_v better_a among_o the_o tartar_n leave_v china_n and_o follow_v they_o and_o those_o that_o remain_v behind_o retain_v only_o some_o external_a ceremony_n and_o these_o be_v those_o christian_n who_o the_o chineses_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o adorer_n of_o the_o cross_n relate_v to_o have_v live_v in_o china_n concern_v which_o see_v what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o therefore_o china_n be_v again_o accustom_a unto_o its_o country_n worship_n of_o idol_n so_o continue_v unto_o the_o year_n 1542._o in_o which_o a_o new_a light_n of_o truth_n shine_v forth_o unto_o it_o for_o after_o that_o st._n francis_n xavier_n a_o apostle_n elect_v by_o god_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o indian_n have_v sow_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n through_o all_o the_o unknown_a part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o a_o great_a and_o incredible_a gain_n of_o soul_n and_o have_v gain_v japan_n a_o island_n hardly_o note_v to_o the_o world_n unto_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n at_o length_n he_o apply_v his_o mind_n inflame_v with_o a_o thirst_n of_o obtain_v soul_n unto_o christ_n to_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o chinese_n use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n that_o he_o may_v become_v master_n of_o his_o desire_n but_o it_o seem_v otherwise_o fit_a to_o the_o divine_a disposal_n of_o the_o heavenly_a majesty_n for_o expect_v a_o opportunity_n of_o enter_v china_n in_o santian_n a_o isle_n adjoin_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n he_o be_v seize_v with_o a_o fever_n where_o be_v replenish_v with_o merit_n and_o now_o ready_a to_o receive_v the_o reward_n of_o eternal_a blessedness_n for_o those_o his_o signal_n labour_n perform_v he_o render_v his_o spirit_n unto_o his_o creator_n and_o take_v his_o flight_n unto_o heaven_n and_o what_o he_o can_v not_o perform_v of_o himself_o that_o he_o obtain_v with_o god_n by_o his_o intercession_n that_o his_o successor_n in_o so_o great_a a_o charge_n may_v accomplish_v after_o the_o follow_a manner_n alexander_n valignanus_n of_o our_o society_n who_o anno_fw-la 1582._o conduct_v the_o three_o vice-roys_n of_o japan_n who_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n to_o render_v obedience_n to_o pope_n gregory_n the_o thirteen_o he_o i_o say_v have_v come_v out_o of_o europe_n as_o appoint_v visitor_n by_o the_o vicar-general_n of_o all_o the_o indies_n and_o now_o have_v pass_v over_o that_o part_n of_o india_n that_o be_v on_o this_o side_n of_o ganges_n he_o set_v sail_n to_o view_v that_o which_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o ganges_n and_o at_o length_n arrive_v in_o the_o port_n of_o amaca_n he_o determine_v with_o himself_o to_o pass_v over_o into_o japonia_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o law_n of_o navigation_n he_o continue_v full_o ten_o month_n in_o our_o station_n of_o amaca_n where_o be_v whole_o inform_v of_o the_o chinesian_a affair_n he_o resolve_v with_o great_a ardency_n to_o prosecute_v the_o voyage_n or_o expedition_n begin_v by_o his_o predecessor_n that_o hitherto_o lie_v hide_v in_o the_o embers_o for_o from_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o nobleness_n of_o the_o nation_n their_o great_a peace_n now_o enjoy_v for_o so_o many_o year_n the_o prudence_n of_o the_o magistrate_n as_o also_o the_o political_a mode_n of_o government_n unto_o which_o none_o be_v admit_v but_o only_o such_o person_n as_o be_v accomplish_v in_o all_o kind_n of_o literature_n from_o these_o consideration_n i_o say_v he_o most_o rational_o conclude_v that_o the_o chineses_n be_v a_o nation_n subtle_a and_o addict_v unto_o the_o study_n of_o good_a art_n may_v so_o far_o at_o length_n be_v wrought_v upon_o as_o to_o admit_v of_o or_o tolerate_v certain_a person_n excel_v in_o virtue_n and_o learning_n to_o abide_v or_o inhabit_v in_o their_o empire_n and_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v not_o unskilful_a in_o their_o country_n language_n and_o learning_n and_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o in_o time_n it_o may_v so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o rule_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a christian_a law_n may_v have_v a_o propitious_a influence_n on_o this_o nation_n see_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o political_a or_o civil_a administration_n of_o the_o republic_n or_o empire_n that_o they_o will_v rather_o high_o promote_v the_o same_o whence_o china_n abominate_v their_o heathenish_a vanity_n may_v conceive_v a_o hope_n or_o desire_v of_o the_o heavenly_a good_a thing_n and_o have_v a_o eye_n unto_o eternity_n therefore_o on_o that_o very_a account_n he_o command_v without_o any_o delay_n some_o person_n send_v for_o out_o of_o india_n to_o employ_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n for_o the_o attain_n of_o the_o chinesian_a language_n and_o learning_n they_o be_v two_o italian_n one_o father_n michael_n rogerius_n and_o the_o other_o father_n matthew_n riccius_fw-la which_o when_o they_o have_v in_o some_o measure_n attain_v with_o very_o great_a industry_n they_o enter_v the_o city_n of_o canton_n with_o hope_n to_o get_v some_o habitation_n in_o it_o but_o be_v often_o frustrate_v in_o their_o intention_n they_o return_v to_o amaca_n it_o can_v hardly_o be_v express_v how_o many_o and_o various_a adventure_n or_o casualty_n interpose_v which_o render_v the_o business_n of_o the_o undertake_a voyage_n if_o not_o desperate_a yet_o at_o least_o very_a much_o eclipse_v and_o fade_a all_o which_o in_o the_o end_n be_v overcome_v the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o wish_a conclusion_n by_o father_n matthew_n riccius_fw-la unto_o who_o by_o the_o prosperous_a lot_n of_o our_o father_n the_o first_o way_n be_v open_v into_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n and_o to_o he_o also_o the_o bless_a success_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n ought_v deserve_o to_o be_v ascribe_v this_o person_n have_v be_v former_o the_o scholar_n of_o father_n christopher_n clavius_n one_o very_a well_o skilled_a in_o the_o mathematical_a science_n he_o be_v associate_v unto_o father_n rogerius_n and_o be_v store_v with_o abundance_n of_o curious_a thing_n together_o with_o a_o formal_a embassy_n from_o the_o portuguese_n to_o the_o viceroy_n of_o canton_n make_v his_o entrance_n into_o china_n and_o so_o bewitch_v the_o fancy_n of_o the_o governor_n with_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o present_n that_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o that_o he_o avouch_v that_o neiâ—â—_n he_o himself_o nor_o all_o china_n ever_o behold_v the_o like_a and_o he_o also_o not_o only_o retain_v these_o father_n with_o he_o as_o person_n drop_v from_o heaven_n but_o likewise_o show_v they_o all_o the_o respect_n and_o civility_n that_o possible_o he_o can_v the_o fame_n of_o such_o great_a matter_n be_v noise_v abroad_o possess_v the_o mind_n not_o only_o of_o many_o learned_a person_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o canton_n but_o throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n who_o when_o they_o can_v not_o possible_o behold_v in_o presence_n or_o carry_v those_o admirable_a thing_n with_o they_o that_o be_v so_o report_v of_o they_o call_v they_o unto_o they_o every_o where_o by_o letter_n date_v out_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n to_o come_v and_o behold_v they_o for_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v now_o grow_v common_a in_o europe_n be_v esteem_v as_o miracle_n in_o china_n be_v there_o as_o yet_o both_o unseen_a and_o unheard_a of_o now_o there_o be_v among_o the_o rest_n a_o clock_n both_o exact_a and_o curious_o frame_v show_v beside_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n and_o age_n of_o the_o moon_n there_o be_v also_o a_o trigonal_a glass_n which_o some_o thought_n to_o be_v a_o inestimable_a jewel_n and_o other_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o part_n or_o portion_n of_o the_o celestial_a orb_n moreover_o geographical_a map_n which_o express_v the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n unto_o the_o great_a amazement_n and_o admiration_n of_o all_o chinese_n for_o as_o the_o chineses_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o without_o the_o vast_a empire_n of_o china_n so_o they_o can_v not_o apprehend_v that_o
they_o bear_v to_o the_o empire_n the_o chinese_n philosopher_n of_o canton_n produce_v likewise_o to_o that_o end_n a_o old_a story_n thereby_o to_o demonstrate_v how_o that_o the_o hollander_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v never_o permit_v to_o traffic_n there_o be_v always_o repute_v to_o be_v deceitful_a in_o their_o deal_n wherefore_o they_o find_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o acquaint_v the_o government_n therewith_o that_o so_o they_o may_v take_v the_o same_o into_o their_o serious_a consideration_n but_o both_o the_o vice-roys_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o say_v haitonu_n who_o schedel_n have_v engage_v on_o their_o side_n give_v this_o answer_n to_o their_o proposal_n that_o their_o majesty_n have_v quite_o another_o opinion_n of_o this_o business_n and_o judge_v that_o the_o holland_n merchant_n will_v bring_v great_a advantage_n and_o profit_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o all_o china_n in_o regard_n that_o through_o the_o mutual_a commerce_n of_o â—oth_v these_o people_n the_o defect_n of_o the_o country_n will_v be_v supply_v and_o what_o be_v superfluous_a will_v be_v export_v which_o must_v necessary_o very_o much_o advance_v the_o trade_n thereof_o and_o increase_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o country_n they_o withal_o declare_v that_o they_o can_v not_o conceive_v the_o hollander_n be_v such_o a_o sort_n of_o people_n as_o hitherto_o they_o have_v be_v describe_v unto_o they_o in_o china_n but_o whatsoever_o character_n they_o lay_v stigmatise_v under_o by_o former_a report_n they_o be_v for_o their_o part_n resolve_v to_o think_v better_a and_o speak_v according_o of_o they_o believe_v now_o no_o otherwise_o but_o that_o they_o be_v brave_a merchant_n last_o of_o all_o they_o desire_v that_o some_o trial_n may_v be_v have_v of_o their_o deal_n and_o return_v however_o their_o thanks_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o maccoa_n for_o their_o good_a care_n and_o counsel_n the_o vice-roys_n hereupon_o publish_v in_o write_v their_o consent_n to_o a_o free_a trade_n and_o withal_o give_v leave_v to_o schedel_n to_o erect_v a_o factory_a they_o themselves_o likewise_o buy_v a_o good_a part_n of_o his_o import_v lade_n whereof_o they_o make_v no_o small_a gain_n which_o without_o doubt_n will_v have_v be_v far_o great_a if_o so_o be_v the_o ordinary_a merchant_n may_v have_v buy_v the_o same_o it_o be_v also_o agree_v for_o the_o better_a vend_v of_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o good_n that_o one_o peter_n bowl_n a_o under-factor_n with_o four_o hollander_n more_o shall_v have_v leave_n to_o continue_v at_o canton_n but_o after_o that_o schedel_n have_v take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o old_a viceroy_n and_o go_v to_o pay_v his_o congee_n to_o the_o young_a viceroy_n there_o happen_v a_o business_n whereof_o he_o have_v not_o the_o least_o thought_n of_o and_o which_o do_v not_o a_o little_a surprise_v he_o a_o commissioner_n who_o late_o arrive_v from_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n at_o canton_n do_v high_o dissuade_v the_o viceroy_n from_o grant_v a_o free_a trade_n to_o the_o hollander_n allege_v that_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o grant_v a_o port_n to_o a_o foreign_a people_n and_o another_o to_o allow_v a_o constant_a habitation_n in_o their_o country_n without_o inform_v of_o the_o supreme_a authority_n and_o that_o the_o emperor_n ought_v to_o have_v notice_n that_o so_o no_o blame_n may_v light_v upon_o his_o majesty_n this_o do_v so_o much_o perplex_v the_o viceroy_n that_o first_o of_o all_o he_o advise_v schedel_n to_o depart_v afterward_o to_o be_v go_v forthwith_o and_o to_o take_v all_o his_o company_n with_o he_o for_o this_o time_n that_o so_o the_o king_n of_o batavia_n by_o who_o he_o understand_v the_o holland_n general_n may_v not_o think_v they_o be_v keep_v prisoner_n in_o canton_n add_v withal_o that_o this_o be_v do_v upon_o schedel_n reason_n and_o for_o their_o good_n hereupon_o two_o day_n after_o schedel_n depart_v with_o all_o his_o company_n and_o whatever_o else_o in_o the_o brown-fish_n for_o batavia_n take_v with_o he_o two_o letter_n from_o the_o vice-roys_n to_o nicholas_n verburgh_n commander_n in_o chief_a at_o taiwan_n in_o these_o letter_n the_o vice-roys_n offer_v their_o friendship_n to_o the_o general_n and_o advise_v he_o if_o he_o desire_v in_o china_n a_o free_a trade_n to_o send_v a_o ambassador_n with_o rich_a present_n to_o the_o great_a cham._n the_o government_n of_o batavia_n perceive_v the_o good_a beginning_n of_o this_o deputation_n think_v fit_a to_o write_v to_o their_o principal_n in_o holland_n about_o it_o and_o to_o expect_v their_o answer_n concern_v this_o embassy_n to_o the_o great_a cham._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o keep_v the_o business_n on_o foot_n they_o likewise_o think_v good_a to_o send_v some_o other_o person_n to_o canton_n and_o so_o make_v choice_n of_o zacharias_n waggenaar_n for_o that_o employment_n who_o depart_v from_o batavia_n with_o two_o laden_a vessel_n the_o shellfish_n and_o brown-fish_n which_o after_o a_o month_n sail_v arrive_v at_o the_o island_n of_o heytamon_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n of_o canton_n and_o sail_v from_o thence_o to_o wangsoe_n within_o three_o mile_n of_o the_o city_n of_o canton_n where_o be_v arrive_v they_o continue_v for_o some_o day_n in_o their_o station_n before_o they_o send_v any_o one_o ashore_o but_o at_o last_o no_o body_n offer_v to_o come_v aboard_o they_o think_v good_a to_o send_v one_o of_o the_o company_n thither_o who_o immediate_o applly_v himself_o to_o the_o heytenu_fw-fr who_o send_v he_o to_o the_o toutang_n but_o not_o find_v this_o toutang_n or_o his_o secretary_n at_o home_n he_o return_v late_o to_o the_o sea_n side_n not_o know_v where_o to_o lodge_v that_o night_n whereupon_o some_o of_o the_o vice-roys_n follower_n come_v run_v after_o he_o in_o great_a amazement_n and_o desire_v he_o to_o return_v aboard_o forthwith_o otherwise_o he_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o lose_v his_o life_n but_o he_o refuse_v and_o choose_v rather_o to_o lie_v all_o night_n upon_o the_o ground_n which_o the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o viceroy_n understanding_n he_o offer_v he_o his_o own_o house_n and_o lead_v he_o homeward_o but_o come_v near_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n and_o mistrust_v the_o carriage_n of_o this_o interpreter_n he_o desire_v that_o he_o may_v remain_v where_o he_o be_v till_o the_o morning_n than_o he_o will_v venture_v into_o the_o city_n which_o be_v according_o do_v and_o notice_n thereof_o be_v give_v to_o the_o viceroy_n he_o present_o order_v he_o a_o lodging_n whither_o he_o go_v and_o after_o some_o short_a stay_n apply_v himself_o to_o the_o secretary_n of_o the_o toutang_n who_o acquaint_v he_o how_o that_o the_o portuguese_n with_o their_o follower_n have_v prevail_v so_o far_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n that_o a_o letter_n be_v send_v to_o the_o magistrate_n in_o canton_n concern_v they_o intimate_v that_o the_o hollander_n be_v a_o treacherous_a lie_a people_n and_o that_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v know_v in_o china_n they_o dare_v not_o appear_v at_o peking_n insomuch_o that_o those_o in_o canton_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o watchful_a eye_n upon_o they_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v come_v without_o bring_v with_o they_o a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o great_a tartar_n cham._n at_o the_o same_o time_n come_v also_o from_o maccoa_n to_o canton_n a_o commander_n with_o a_o request_n that_o by_o provision_n and_o till_o far_a advice_n shall_v come_v from_o peking_n a_o embargo_n may_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n lie_v there_o insinuate_v that_o the_o hollander_n have_v former_o in_o a_o pyratical_a way_n take_v several_a of_o their_o ship_n to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o their_o country_n the_o portuguese_n likewise_o to_o prevent_v the_o hollander_n from_o drive_v a_o trade_n in_o china_n pay_v a_o arrear_n of_o four_o year_n tax_n in_o short_a this_o business_n seem_v to_o draw_v much_o trouble_n after_o it_o and_o likewise_o to_o end_v with_o bad_a success_n though_o great_a hope_n be_v give_v of_o the_o contrary_a by_o those_o in_o power_n and_o much_o art_n and_o industry_n be_v use_v by_o they_o to_o persuade_v the_o messenger_n that_o this_o delay_n will_v in_o the_o end_n turn_v to_o his_o advantage_n and_o be_v only_o occasion_v through_o the_o come_n of_o a_o certain_a field-commander_n from_o peking_n with_o some_o thousand_o of_o foot-soldier_n to_o join_v and_o receive_v the_o young_a viceroy_n who_o have_v be_v a_o while_n in_o pursuit_n of_o some_o commotioner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n waggenaar_n expect_v with_o great_a impatience_n the_o issue_n of_o his_o business_n be_v so_o narrow_o guard_v by_o two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o viceroy_n vessel_n that_o no_o body_n be_v suffer_v to_o pass_v to_o or_o from_o he_o at_o last_o after_o long_a expectation_n come_v the_o messenger_n back_o and_o present_o after_o the_o secretary_n
do_v in_o this_o island_n grow_v the_o leaf_n betel_fw-mi in_o great_a abundance_n much_o in_o request_n among_o the_o javaner_n who_o fetch_v whole_a boats-full_a we_o make_v no_o long_a stay_n here_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o we_o have_v get_v our_o provision_n aboard_o we_o set_v sail_n to_o pursue_v our_o voyage_n and_o on_o the_o 1._o of_o july_n come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o large_a continent_n leave_v couchinchina_n north_n north-west_n and_o about_o noon_n we_o hâ—d_v the_o height_n of_o 20_o degree_n and_o 6_o minute_n we_o sail_v along_o the_o coast_n which_o be_v very_o pleasant_a this_o couchinchina_n be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o gannan_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o neighbour_n country_n that_o be_v situate_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n but_o yet_o belong_v to_o the_o chinese_n for_o under_o this_o gannan_n be_v situate_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tungk_v and_o kianchi_n or_o couchinchina_n both_o which_o be_v former_o call_v nankiao_n the_o emperor_n haionus_fw-la who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o hana_n be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n conquer_v first_o of_o all_o these_o country_n which_o he_o plant_v and_o afterward_o govern_v the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o chinese_n this_o same_o emperor_n be_v also_o the_o first_o who_o name_v these_o country_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n kiaoch_n but_o afterward_o the_o family_n of_o tanga_n call_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o kiaochians_n but_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o chinese_n never_o make_v any_o account_n of_o these_o country_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o the_o say_v of_o the_o chinese_n be_v wild_a and_o uncivil_a in_o their_o conversation_n but_o other_o say_v they_o do_v it_o more_o out_o of_o fear_n because_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n far_o exceed_v they_o in_o strength_n of_o body_n and_o be_v desirous_a rather_o to_o live_v conformable_a to_o their_o own_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o have_v their_o own_o king_n than_o submit_v their_o neck_n under_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o chinese_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 290_o year_n these_o people_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o lash_n of_o the_o emperor_n hunguus_fw-la but_o this_o country_n be_v afterward_o make_v over_o to_o a_o petty_a king_n call_v chin_n who_o soon_o be_v make_v away_o by_o his_o three_o governor_n who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o ly_n and_o so_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o realm_n when_o the_o emperor_n junglos_n observe_v the_o troublesome_a condition_n of_o that_o kingdom_n he_o cause_v two_o of_o the_o governor_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n but_o the_o three_o escape_v by_o flight_n and_o the_o emperor_n afterward_o reduce_v the_o kingdom_n of_o gannam_n into_o a_o province_n but_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o lay_v down_o his_o arm_n but_o the_o fugitive_n lie_n begin_v to_o appear_v again_o in_o the_o field_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o do_v he_o speedy_o send_v ambassador_n to_o pacify_v the_o emperor_n at_o that_o time_n sivanteus_fw-la be_v emperor_n a_o peaceable_a man_n and_o more_o a_o slave_n to_o his_o pleasure_n than_o a_o prince_n of_o his_o country_n this_o emperor_n be_v weary_a of_o all_o these_o mutiny_n and_o trouble_n make_v over_o again_o this_o country_n to_o this_o same_o lie_n and_o install_v he_o as_o a_o petty_a prince_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v send_v to_o he_o every_o three_o year_n a_o ambassador_n with_o great_a present_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n these_o part_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n about_o the_o year_n 1428._o but_o these_o country_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o grow_v very_o troublesome_a be_v full_a of_o division_n so_o that_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n the_o second_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tunk_v and_o the_o three_o couchinchina_n which_o at_o present_a be_v no_o other_o than_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n and_o junnan_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o three_o kingdom_n laos_n tunk_v and_o couchinchina_n follow_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o chinese_n they_o likewise_o use_v the_o chinese_n character_n but_o yet_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o speech_n and_o pronunciation_n from_o they_o these_o country_n be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o every_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o sustenance_n of_o mankind_n among_o other_o innumerable_a tree_n and_o fruit_n there_o grow_v a_o bean_n which_o make_v a_o oil_n or_o juice_n by_o the_o portuguese_n call_v rosamalia_n from_o hence_o come_v likewise_o in_o great_a abundance_n the_o eagle-wood_n which_o be_v of_o a_o purple_a colour_n and_o be_v know_v to_o the_o spaniard_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lacca_n and_o use_v in_o china_n to_o die_v and_o colour_v silk-stuffs_a it_o produce_v likewise_o good_a store_n of_o linen_n silk_n and_o cotton_n among_o other_o sort_n of_o monkey_n here_o be_v also_o find_v one_o call_v singsiing_n the_o manner_n of_o take_v they_o in_o the_o wood_n be_v to_o set_v wine_n before_o they_o with_o which_o they_o be_v fuddle_v fall_v asleep_a and_o so_o be_v take_v nap_v their_o blood_n make_v a_o excellent_a purple_a dye_n upon_o the_o 14._o we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o island_n maccoa_n and_o keep_v we_o by_o the_o height_n of_o 21_o degree_n and_o 10_o minute_n in_o the_o evening_n we_o anchor_v and_o the_o next_o morning_n we_o set_v sail._n we_o see_v lie_v upon_o the_o shore_n several_a boat_n but_o not_o one_o will_v come_v aboard_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o sign_n we_o make_v to_o invite_v they_o so_o wondrous_a fearful_a they_o be_v of_o the_o pirate_n cokese_v they_o who_o at_o that_o time_n hold_v the_o coast_n in_o continual_a alarm_n and_o who_o they_o undoubted_o take_v we_o to_o be_v two_o day_n we_o sail_v under_o this_o island_n thence_o pass_v by_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o wealthy_a city_n of_o maccoa_n maccoa_n and_o though_o we_o come_v not_o near_o it_o yet_o i_o shall_v relate_v what_o i_o have_v understand_v from_o other_o concern_v the_o magnificence_n of_o this_o place_n whereof_o you_o have_v a_o draught_n as_o it_o be_v take_v at_o sea_n sail_v thus_o by_o the_o city_n of_o maccao_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n under_o the_o island_n of_o goyers_n so_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o peter_n de_fw-fr goyer_n opon_n the_o 18._o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v about_o sunset_n only_o in_o company_n with_o the_o yacht_v koukerken_fw-mi for_o we_o lose_v the_o yacht_v bloemendael_n in_o the_o storm_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o couchinchina_n which_o come_v not_o till_o 48_o day_n after_o we_o to_o canton_n very_o safe_a into_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n and_o drop_v our_o anchor_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bay_n at_o six_o and_o a_o half_a fathom_n water_n this_o place_n be_v exceed_o pleasant_a and_o most_o commodious_a for_o trade_n on_o the_o water_n side_n delightful_a hill_n and_o dale_n behind_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v by_o the_o annex_v print_n we_o be_v no_o soon_o at_o anchor_n but_o a_o bark_n full_a of_o soldier_n board_v we_o who_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v to_o ask_v the_o occasion_n of_o our_o come_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n send_v hendrick_n baron_n ashore_o to_o acquaint_v he_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n with_o the_o occasion_n of_o our_o arrival_n who_o when_o he_o come_v on_o shore_n be_v conduct_v into_o his_o bedchamber_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v very_o courteous_o and_o treat_v by_o he_o who_o ask_v why_o the_o hollander_n do_v return_v and_o whether_o they_o be_v not_o about_o two_o year_n since_o express_o forbid_v to_o come_v to_o canton_n six_o day_n after_o on_o the_o 24._o come_v two_o mandorin_n from_o canton_n to_o view_v the_o credential_n they_o bring_v to_o the_o great_a cham_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n they_o send_v for_o the_o ambassador_n to_o the_o governor_n house_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n make_v up_o the_o river_n and_o come_v about_o noon_n to_o the_o village_n of_o lamme_n where_o they_o go_v ashore_o and_o be_v from_o thence_o conduct_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ceremony_n to_o the_o governor_n palace_n at_o their_o entry_n they_o find_v the_o governor_n sit_v at_o a_o high_a table_n in_o the_o hall_n betwixt_o the_o two_o mandorin_n guard_v with_o soldier_n who_o civil_o treat_v we_o and_o be_v serviceable_a unto_o we_o after_o compliment_n pass_v the_o ambassador_n show_v their_o credential_n at_o a_o distance_n against_o which_o the_o mandorin_n have_v nothing_o to_o object_n and_o then_o chair_n be_v set_v for_o the_o ambassador_n to_o sit_v down_o which_o be_v do_v the_o mandorin_n and_o governor_n begin_v to_o ask_v
several_a question_n concern_v the_o trade_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o unite_a netherlands_o which_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o ambassador_n they_o seem_v satisfy_v and_o return_v to_o the_o ship_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n upon_o the_o 29._o come_v again_o a_o new_a heyton_n with_o a_o vice-admiral_n as_o commissioner_n from_o canton_n to_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n and_o to_o conduct_v they_o thither_o whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n at_o their_o invitation_n go_v again_o ashore_o and_o be_v conduct_v to_o a_o idol-temple_n where_o be_v receive_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n they_o spread_v their_o credential_n upon_o the_o table_n then_o heyton_n begin_v to_o propose_v several_a question_n namely_o whether_o we_o do_v not_o sail_n from_o canton_n about_o two_o year_n what_o manner_n of_o ware_n and_o merchandises_n we_o have_v bring_v with_o we_o who_o be_v aboard_o the_o other_o ship_n and_o how_o they_o come_v to_o separate_v from_o we_o how_o many_o man_n and_o gun_n be_v in_o each_o ship_n why_o they_o do_v not_o come_v the_o last_o last_o year_n and_o why_o we_o stay_v away_o one_o year_n and_o then_o come_v the_o second_o when_o by_o who_o as_o also_o to_o what_o end_n the_o letter_n be_v write_v and_o the_o ambassador_n address_v themselves_o what_o present_v we_o have_v bring_v in_o particular_a for_o the_o emperor_n they_o seem_v to_o wonder_v very_o much_o that_o the_o ambassador_n have_v bring_v no_o letter_n to_o the_o teutang_n in_o canton_n and_o that_o the_o letter_n be_v put_v up_o so_o mean_o for_o they_o let_v they_o understand_v that_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v put_v up_o in_o a_o golden_a purse_n or_o box_n at_o least_o at_o last_o they_o thus_o make_v a_o conclusion_n that_o the_o next_o day_n they_o will_v come_v aboard_o our_o ship_n to_o receive_v the_o present_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n depart_v and_o go_v aboard_o again_o the_o next_o day_n the_o same_o commissioner_n with_o a_o great_a many_o courtier_n come_v aboard_o bring_v with_o they_o several_a vessel_n very_o handsome_o set_v off_o with_o silk_n flag_n and_o pennon_n to_o take_v in_o the_o present_n as_o well_o for_o the_o emperor_n as_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n and_o the_o teutang_n which_o they_o receive_v with_o great_a civility_n the_o heyton_n come_v himself_o aboard_o to_o bid_v we_o welcome_a and_o carry_v the_o ambassador_n with_o their_o secretary_n henry_n baron_n and_o four_o of_o their_o follower_n in_o one_o of_o their_o vessel_n to_o the_o city_n of_o canton_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o vice-admiral_n where_o be_v arrive_v the_o say_a commissioner_n go_v into_o the_o city_n without_o speak_v one_o word_n to_o the_o ambassador_n and_o after_o that_o the_o retinue_n have_v stay_v at_o least_o two_o hour_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n they_o be_v send_v for_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o viceroy_n and_o conduct_v to_o a_o lodging_n without_o the_o wall_n where_o former_o mr._n schedel_n have_v lodge_v and_o there_o guard_v and_o take_v care_n of_o by_o the_o city_n marshal_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 31._o there_o come_v to_o our_o lodging_n with_o commissioner_n the_o mandorin_n poetsiensin_n the_o emperor_n treasurer_n have_v the_o four_o voice_n of_o the_o government_n in_o the_o city_n they_o begin_v again_o to_o move_v several_a question_n to_o the_o ambassador_n ask_v they_o how_o many_o year_n they_o have_v be_v marry_v their_o name_n and_o former_a employment_n as_o likewise_o if_o they_o have_v no_o copy_n of_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o whether_o that_o letter_n be_v not_o write_v upon_o better_a paper_n than_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o vice-roys_n wherefore_o and_o to_o what_o end_n they_o be_v chief_o send_v how_o their_o prince_n and_o king_n be_v call_v with_o several_a other_o question_n then_o they_o seem_v to_o mutter_v and_o be_v displease_v at_o the_o slight_a fashion_n of_o the_o credential_n to_o the_o request_n which_o the_o ambassador_n make_v that_o they_o may_v have_v audience_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o have_v leave_v to_o go_v for_o peking_n they_o give_v no_o answer_n but_o go_v with_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o vice-roys_n they_o return_v again_o about_o noon_n and_o then_o begin_v to_o ask_v whether_o the_o prince_n and_o government_n of_o holland_n have_v no_o stamp_n not_o great_a seal_n for_o their_o letter_n and_o from_o what_o age_n of_o the_o world_n they_o be_v date_v and_o as_o concern_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o ambassador_n they_o give_v they_o to_o understand_v that_o neither_o the_o vice-roys_n nor_o the_o teutang_n nor_o any_o body_n else_o in_o canton_n have_v the_o power_n to_o give_v audience_n to_o any_o ambassador_n before_o they_o have_v first_o receive_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o letter_n which_o they_o have_v send_v to_o peking_n concern_v they_o however_o they_o give_v order_n that_o the_o yacht_a koukerken_n shall_v be_v bring_v near_o to_o the_o city_n and_o promise_v that_o the_o vice-roys_n to_o welcome_a the_o ambassador_n in_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a manner_n and_o to_o view_v the_o present_n which_o they_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o great_a cham_n will_v appear_v personal_o at_o their_o lodging_n wherefore_o upon_o the_o second_o of_o august_n we_o receive_v order_n to_o follow_v the_o ambassador_n with_o our_o yacht_n four_o great_a man_n of_o war_n of_o the_o viceroy_n be_v appoint_v to_o conduct_v we_o up_o the_o river_n about_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n near_o a_o small_a castle_n where_o the_o river_n be_v above_o two_o mile_n broad_a and_o have_v lie_v upon_o both_o side_n several_a little_a island_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o this_o river_n upon_o a_o small_a hill_n stand_v a_o high_a tower_n very_o curious_o adorn_v with_o nine_o round_n the_o like_a tower_n also_o show_v itself_o upon_o a_o certain_a island_n over_o against_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n the_o country_n situate_v on_o both_o side_n of_o this_o river_n abound_v very_o much_o in_o village_n which_o be_v mighty_a populous_a and_o fruitful_a field_n afford_v twice_o every_o year_n the_o labour_a and_o diligent_a countryman_n a_o very_a rich_a harvest_n upon_o the_o four_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o come_v before_o the_o famous_a and_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o be_v call_v by_o some_o quancheu_fw-la and_o the_o first_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n after_o our_o devotion_n and_o the_o take_a order_n about_o every_o thing_n aboard_o our_o ship_n we_o go_v that_o day_n ashore_o to_o the_o ambassador_n who_o we_o find_v lodge_v in_o a_o stately_a edifice_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n side_n over_o against_o which_o lie_v our_o yacht_n and_o former_o have_v be_v a_o idol-temple_n the_o viceroy_n have_v order_v two_o mandorin_n to_o guard_n with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o soldier_n the_o gate_n for_o our_o security_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o yacht_v come_v to_o the_o ambassador_n lodging_n but_o they_o must_v immediate_o though_o against_o their_o will_n return_v aboard_o again_o under_o pretence_n that_o no_o ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o emperor_n be_v to_o reside_v at_o canton_n without_o a_o express_a order_n from_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n they_o likewise_o allege_v for_o their_o excuse_n that_o the_o governor_n of_o canton_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v to_o the_o emperor_n concern_v any_o mischief_n or_o accident_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o the_o ambassador_n be_v ashore_o afterward_o the_o mandorin_n poetsiensin_n and_o heyton_n bring_v the_o credential_n open_v aboard_o say_v that_o the_o vice-roys_n dare_v not_o accept_v or_o keep_v they_o before_o they_o have_v receive_v advice_n from_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n as_o at_o the_o beginning_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o whole_a relation_n of_o our_o travel_n i_o give_v a_o account_n in_o short_a of_o all_o the_o great_a and_o small_a city_n of_o the_o ten_o province_n in_o china_n through_o which_o i_o do_v not_o travel_v so_o now_o i_o find_v myself_o necessitate_v for_o the_o more_o particular_a information_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n to_o relate_v brief_o the_o remain_v five_o province_n each_o in_o his_o due_a place_n and_o the_o number_n of_o city_n into_o which_o each_o province_n be_v divide_v all_o which_o i_o see_v myself_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n which_o be_v the_o twelve_o in_o number_n among_o the_o fifteen_o into_o which_o all_o china_n be_v divide_v be_v encompass_v on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n on_o the_o north-west_n and_o north_n with_o that_o of_o kiangsi_n on_o the_o north-east_n it_o border_n upon_o foke_v from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o steep_a hill_n and_o mountain_n and_o the_o river_n ting_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n border_n on_o the_o sea_n which_o
ornament_n to_o the_o place_n for_o from_o the_o water-gate_n go_v direct_o on_o to_o the_o king_n palace_n i_o tell_v in_o that_o line_n only_o no_o less_o than_o thirteen_o stately_a triumphal_a arch_n make_v of_o hew_a stone_n which_o be_v so_o set_v out_o with_o figure_n and_o inscription_n in_o carve_a work_n that_o all_o who_o behold_v they_o admire_v they_o as_o wonder_n and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o considerable_a ornament_n wherewith_o the_o chineses_n adorn_v their_o city_n i_o have_v for_o the_o better_a demonstration_n of_o the_o workmanship_n set_v before_o you_o the_o follow_v print_v draught_n of_o one_o of_o they_o that_o you_o may_v take_v a_o full_a view_n of_o every_o part_n and_o so_o judge_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v general_o build_v after_o one_o and_o the_o same_o fashion_n these_o arch_n be_v common_o build_v with_o three_o story_n so_o artificial_o that_o we_o may_v very_o well_o say_v that_o neither_o wit_n nor_o ingenuity_n be_v want_v in_o their_o contrivance_n round_o about_o the_o pillar_n and_o in_o other_o place_n be_v write_v several_a chinese_n character_n and_o also_o cut_v several_a flower_n beast_n bird_n and_o other_o curious_a ornament_n as_o i_o suppose_v emblematical_a that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o this_o most_o famous_a city_n i_o here_o present_a two_o draught_n the_o one_o the_o prospect_n as_o upon_o the_o water_n the_o other_o ichnographical_a of_o their_o street_n ground-plat_n temple_n wall_n castle_n house_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o they_o say_v this_o city_n before_o the_o last_o war_n be_v so_o wondrous_a populous_a and_o full_a of_o traffic_n that_o daily_o there_o be_v at_o least_o five_o or_o six_o man_n crowd_v to_o death_n in_o pass_v through_o the_o gate_n which_o will_v not_o seem_v altogether_o incredible_a if_o you_o consider_v the_o number_n of_o the_o adjacent_a village_n which_o abound_v with_o people_n constant_o resort_v thither_o this_o city_n have_v be_v twice_o subdue_v by_o arm_n and_o they_o say_v that_o in_o the_o last_o siege_n there_o be_v slay_v above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o men._n i_o shall_v relate_v to_o you_o in_o short_a what_o happen_v to_o canton_n during_o that_o terrible_a and_o bloody_a invasion_n after_o that_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o china_n except_o some_o few_o sea-town_n they_o fall_v with_o such_o a_o formidable_a army_n into_o this_o province_n of_o quantung_n that_o hardly_o any_o city_n how_o strong_a and_o populous_a soever_o dare_v withstand_v they_o but_o every_o one_o endeavour_v for_o prevention_n of_o her_o total_a ruin_n to_o receive_v the_o conqueror_n upon_o the_o best_a term_n they_o can_v this_o canton_n rely_v upon_o her_o invincible_a fort_n and_o castle_n only_o bid_v defiance_n to_o the_o tartar_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n do_v not_o a_o little_a encourage_v the_o chinese_n inhabitant_n but_o that_o which_o chief_o give_v they_o a_o resolution_n to_o withstand_v the_o enemy_n be_v that_o they_o have_v one_o iquon_n on_o their_o side_n who_o command_v a_o powerful_a fleet_n whereby_o he_o daily_o furnish_v the_o city_n with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n which_o the_o tartar_n can_v not_o hinder_v want_v sea-force_n and_o be_v unskilful_a in_o maritime_a affair_n but_o the_o besieger_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n spare_v neither_o pain_n nor_o cost_n to_o reduce_v it_o by_o force_n they_o storm_v the_o city_n three_o time_n but_o be_v courageous_o beat_v off_o by_o the_o besiege_a with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o arms._n this_o brave_a defence_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v the_o siege_n to_o last_v a_o whole_a year_n and_o their_o strong_a garrison_n enable_v they_o to_o make_v so_o many_o sally_n upon_o the_o besieger_n that_o they_o at_o last_o find_v themselves_o necessitate_v either_o to_o make_v one_o general_a assault_n with_o their_o whole_a army_n or_o else_o as_o baffle_v to_o raise_v their_o leaguer_n the_o ground_n plat_v of_o kanton_a a_o a_o pagode_n temple_n b._n a_o fort_n c._n the_o land_n gate_n d_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n e_o the_o place_n where_o the_o tartar_n be_v exercise_v f_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o tartar_n g._n a_o fair_a chinese_n tower_n h._n the_o old_a king_n palace_n i._o the_o young_a king_n palace_n k._n the_o first_o watergate_n l_o second_o watergate_n m._n the_o ambassador_n house_n n._n artillery_n house_n o._n the_o plain_a where_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v p._n two_o water_n châ—tlas_n q._n the_o dutsh-ship_n the_o vice-roys_n who_o govern_v over_o this_o kingdom_n at_o that_o time_n when_o we_o be_v there_o have_v then_o the_o chief_a command_n over_o the_o tartar_n these_o endeavour_v to_o corrupt_v the_o governor_n of_o canton_n with_o great_a promise_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n signify_v withal_o unto_o he_o these_o word_n that_o he_o shall_v consider_v into_o what_o extreme_a danger_n he_o be_v bring_v and_o what_o disaster_n be_v hang_v over_o his_o head_n that_o if_o so_o be_v he_o either_o love_v himself_o or_o his_o relation_n he_o shall_v forthwith_o surrender_v the_o city_n and_o this_o his_o favour_n they_o promise_v to_o requite_v with_o eternal_a friendship_n high_a preferment_n and_o forty_o thousand_o toel_n of_o silver_n the_o pusillanimous_a and_o faithless_a chinese_n governor_n whether_o that_o his_o heart_n misgive_v he_o or_o the_o money_n and_o large_o promise_v tempt_v the_o man_n so_o it_o be_v that_o though_o he_o may_v very_o well_o have_v defend_v the_o city_n yet_o contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o honour_n he_o make_v a_o promise_n to_o the_o same_o tartarian_a commander_n to_o set_v open_a a_o gate_n to_o the_o besieger_n at_o a_o appoint_a hour_n which_o according_o he_o perform_v it_o be_v upon_o the_o 24._o of_o november_n 1650._o when_o the_o tartar_n upon_o this_o advantage_n rush_v with_o their_o whole_a army_n into_o the_o city_n which_o be_v soon_o subdue_v by_o they_o the_o besiege_a not_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o make_v any_o resistance_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o tartar_n horse_n get_v in_o but_o they_o ride_v with_o great_a swiftness_n through_o all_o the_o street_n to_o hinder_v the_o chinese_n from_o gather_v together_o and_o though_o the_o chineses_n be_v not_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o the_o tartar_n yet_o they_o effect_v nothing_o be_v in_o disorder_n and_o surprise_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o their_o governor_n so_o that_o the_o best_a course_n any_o can_v use_v be_v to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n the_o whole_a tartar_n army_n be_v get_v into_o the_o city_n the_o place_n be_v soon_o turn_v to_o a_o map_n of_o misery_n for_o every_o one_o begin_v to_o tear_v break_v and_o carry_v away_o whatsoever_o he_o can_v lay_v hand_n on_o the_o cry_n of_o woman_n child_n and_o age_a people_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o exceed_v all_o noise_n of_o such_o loud_a distraction_n so_o that_o from_o the_o 26._o of_o november_n to_o the_o 15._o of_o december_n there_o be_v hear_v no_o other_o cry_n in_o the_o street_n but_o strike_v kill_v and_o destroy_v the_o rebellious_a barbarian_n all_o place_n be_v full_a of_o woeful_a lamentation_n murder_n and_o rapine_n those_o that_o be_v able_a to_o ransom_n buy_v their_o life_n at_o dear_a rate_n and_o so_o escape_v the_o fury_n of_o these_o inhuman_a slaughterer_n at_o last_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o army_n upon_o the_o six_o of_o winter-month_n do_v strict_o forbid_v any_o such_o cruel_a murder_n to_o be_v commit_v thenceforward_a i_o be_v credible_o inform_v that_o during_o the_o space_n of_o 80_o day_n above_o eight_o thousand_o be_v kill_v in_o cold_a blood_n by_o the_o tartar_n some_o among_o which_o the_o jesuit_n martinus_n be_v one_o in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o tartar_n war_n say_v that_o there_o be_v slay_v above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o which_o be_v not_o altogether_o improbable_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a number_n there_o pen_v up_o but_o although_o this_o city_n be_v thus_o lamentable_o lay_v waste_n yet_o through_o the_o great_a care_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n it_o be_v in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o restore_v to_o its_o former_a lustre_n after_o that_o the_o ambassador_n have_v be_v three_o week_n aboard_o without_o come_v ashore_o all_o that_o while_n they_o have_v leave_v give_v to_o land_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n and_o be_v most_o noble_o receive_v in_o their_o former_a lodging_n but_o yet_o be_v so_o narrow_o guard_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o foot-soldier_n that_o they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o go_v into_o the_o street_n two_o day_n after_o there_o come_v a_o mandorin_n to_o they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o viceroy_n who_o propose_v to_o they_o that_o they_o to_o obtain_v their_o end_n in_o china_n can_v not_o present_a and_o give_v to_o the_o emperor_n council_n
account_n of_o this_o earthen_a ware_n and_o to_o receive_v his_o duty_n which_o be_v of_o each_o sort_n the_o five_o piece_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o rest_n they_o afterward_o sell_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o village_n ucienjen_n where_o as_o they_o say_v be_v the_o staple_n of_o this_o porcelain_n trade_n which_o be_v send_v from_o this_o village_n not_o only_o through_o all_o china_n but_o also_o through_o the_o whole_a world_n we_o depart_v the_o same_o day_n from_o this_o place_n and_o upon_o the_o 26._o come_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nankang_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o westside_n of_o this_o lake_n which_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o long_o this_o city_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o mountainous_a soil_n about_o fifty_o mile_n from_o nankang_n the_o wall_n be_v both_o high_a and_o strong_a and_o fortify_v with_o bulwark_n within_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o well-built_a tower_n the_o street_n be_v very_o full_a of_o wind_n and_o turn_n which_o make_v they_o very_o troublesome_a to_o such_o as_o use_v they_o the_o first_o street_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o left-hand_a as_o you_o come_v in_o have_v several_a triumphal_a arch_n stand_v in_o it_o very_o artificial_o build_v according_a to_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n beside_o these_o ornament_n there_o be_v nothing_o rare_a in_o this_o city_n for_o the_o house_n be_v but_o mean_a and_o slight_o build_v in_o prospect_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v several_a stately_a temple_n whereof_o the_o big_a and_o chief_a be_v build_v upon_o the_o mountain_n quangliu_fw-mi and_o juenxiu_fw-la the_o inhabitant_n round_o about_o worship_n these_o mountain_n upon_o which_o dwell_v a_o great_a company_n of_o priest_n and_o friar_n each_o of_o which_o have_v a_o little_a hutch_n where_o he_o daily_a cruciate_n and_o afflict_v himself_o by_o scourge_v and_o discipline_v his_o body_n the_o endure_v of_o which_o castigation_n make_v he_o a_o miracle_n to_o those_o people_n of_o implicit_a faith_n who_o fancy_n these_o their_o suffering_n to_o merit_v after_o death_n the_o high_a felicity_n in_o another_o world_n for_o they_o believe_v that_o their_o soul_n be_v transmigrate_v into_o other_o body_n the_o inhabitant_n tell_v we_o that_o upon_o the_o mountain_n quanglu_n there_o be_v as_o many_o cloister_n as_o day_n in_o the_o year_n they_o say_v likewise_o that_o this_o mountain_n be_v always_o cover_v with_o cloud_n and_o fog_n though_o round_o about_o the_o wether_n be_v clear_a and_o serene_a the_o country_n produce_v store_n of_o hemp_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v themselves_o clothes_n for_o the_o summer_n which_o very_o much_o keep_v off_o the_o scorch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v a_o hill_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v kien_n the_o water_n that_o fall_v from_o the_o brow_n of_o this_o hill_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o chineses_n very_o sovereign_a for_o several_a disease_n the_o pool_n poyang_n divide_v the_o territory_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n into_o two_o part_n both_o which_o be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o rice_n and_o corn_n of_o all_o sort_n upon_o the_o 29._o we_o make_v for_o the_o city_n of_o hukeu_n be_v the_o four_o small_a city_n of_o the_o five_o chief_a city_n kieukiang_n to_o furnish_v ourselves_o with_o provision_n this_o city_n lie_v forty_o mile_n from_o the_o forego_n chief_a city_n of_o nankang_n upon_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o lake_n poyang_n and_o upon_o the_o rightside_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o mingle_v with_o it_o and_o receive_v no_o small_a share_n of_o its_o water_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o city_n do_v appear_v a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o antique_a rock_n which_o hang_v somewhat_o over_o the_o river_n and_o appear_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n be_v overgrow_v with_o tree_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o mountain_n stand_v a_o large_a and_o beautiful_a idol-temple_n the_o wall_n of_o this_o city_n be_v very_o thick_a and_o high_a and_o for_o the_o great_a safety_n of_o the_o city_n be_v guard_v in_o several_a place_n with_o foot-soldier_n this_o city_n drive_v a_o handsome_a trade_n be_v full_a of_o people_n and_o well_o build_v all_o manner_n of_o provision_n be_v sell_v very_o cheap_a especial_o fish_n which_o yield_v but_o a_o small_a price_n about_o this_o city_n lie_v a_o hill_n call_v xechung_a which_o signify_v a_o stone_n bell_n for_o the_o wave_n and_o billow_n which_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o pool_n poyang_n in_o foul_a and_o stormy_a wether_n beat_v against_o this_o hill_n and_o occasion_n thereby_o such_o a_o strange_a and_o ring_a noise_n that_o it_o very_o much_o resemble_v the_o sound_n of_o a_o bell._n we_o be_v no_o soon_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n but_o the_o news_n of_o our_o arrival_n fill_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o joy_n so_o that_o both_o old_a and_o young_a come_v run_v to_o the_o shore_n to_o view_v we_o and_o our_o vessel_n who_o behold_v we_o with_o great_a admiration_n and_o fain_o will_v have_v be_v talk_v to_o we_o if_o the_o difference_n of_o language_n have_v not_o hinder_v we_o cause_v our_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v that_o old_a tune_n of_o william_n of_o nassaw_n suppose_v to_o have_v delight_v they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o be_v so_o much_o affright_v with_o their_o brazen_a voice_n that_o they_o run_v roar_v with_o full_a speed_n for_o shelter_n to_o the_o city_n have_v provide_v ourselves_o with_o necessary_n we_o depart_v from_o this_o place_n and_o come_v to_o pengce_n the_o five_o small_a city_n under_o this_o capital_a one_o of_o kieukiang_n thus_o far_o have_v we_o proceed_v in_o our_o voyage_n upon_o the_o river_n can_v from_o kancheu_fw-la to_o nank_v from_o whence_o we_o pass_v over_o the_o pool_n poyang_n and_o so_o come_v into_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o to_o prosecute_v the_o remainder_n of_o our_o voyage_n to_o peking_n we_o be_v to_o sail_v up_o eastward_o this_o river_n kiang_n which_o signify_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n divide_v all_o china_n into_o northern_a and_o southern_a glide_v from_o west_n to_o east_n and_o receive_v several_a name_n from_o the_o province_n through_o which_o it_o run_v the_o forementioned_a city_n pengce_o lie_v thirty_o mile_n from_o hukeu_n behind_o a_o island_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n and_o have_v behind_o it_o high_a and_o famous_a hill_n it_o be_v a_o well-built_a place_n but_o far_o less_o than_o hukeu_n not_o far_o from_o this_o pengce_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v siaocu_n which_o be_v so_o steep_a high_a and_o inaccessible_a that_o none_o can_v ever_o scale_v the_o top_n it_o be_v surround_v with_o water_n and_o have_v on_o the_o southside_n a_o small_a but_o very_o safe_a road_n for_o ship_n in_o foul_a wether_n upon_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n lie_v also_o a_o hill_n call_v makang_v talk_v on_o with_o terror_n through_o all_o china_n for_o the_o abundance_n of_o shipwreck_n which_o happen_v near_o this_o place_n for_o if_o the_o pilot_n miss_v never_o so_o little_a his_o steerage_n they_o seldom_o escape_v bilge_v on_o the_o neighbour_a rock_n the_o ambassador_n with_o some_o of_o their_o follower_n go_v ashore_o upon_o the_o say_a island_n but_o be_v force_v immediate_o to_o return_v have_v observe_v the_o foot_n of_o a_o tiger_n which_o sort_n of_o beast_n be_v very_o numerous_a in_o this_o country_n when_o the_o chinese_n pilot_n see_v our_o cook_n go_v to_o make_v a_o fire_n to_o dress_v dinner_n they_o come_v into_o the_o cabin_n to_o the_o ambassador_n fall_v down_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o earnest_o entreat_v that_o they_o will_v forbid_v any_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v for_o that_o as_o they_o say_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a spirit_n who_o keep_v himself_o under_o water_n about_o this_o pool_n and_o appear_v in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o dragon_n or_o great_a fish_n and_o have_v the_o command_n over_o this_o country_n who_o nature_n and_o constitution_n be_v such_o that_o he_o can_v not_o endure_v the_o scent_n in_o his_o nose_n of_o roast_a poultry_n boil_a bacon_n or_o other_o savoury_n smell_v for_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v sensible_a of_o any_o such_o thing_n he_o immediate_o raise_v a_o storm_n which_o do_v infallible_o cast_v away_o the_o vessel_n the_o ambassador_n at_o their_o earnest_a entreaty_n send_v word_n to_o the_o cook_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v content_a with_o a_o cold_a dinner_n for_o that_o day_n during_o the_o discourse_n there_o appear_v play_v above_o the_o water_n two_o or_o three_o tunny_n fish_n which_o put_v the_o chineses_n into_o no_o little_a fear_n in_o regard_n they_o imagine_v the_o water-spirit_n have_v already_o give_v order_n for_o the_o cast_v away_o of_o their_o vessel_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v travel_v through_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n when_o about_o noon_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o two_o column_n which_o stand_v
carry_v thence_o to_o sell_v in_o other_o province_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v general_o very_o dull_a of_o understanding_n and_o few_o of_o they_o addict_v to_o learning_n but_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o strong_a body_v fit_a to_o undergo_v any_o labour_n the_o child_n do_v not_o only_o go_v naked_a in_o the_o winter_n but_o will_v leap_v into_o the_o cold_a water_n several_n of_o they_o live_v by_o theft_n and_o robbery_n and_o these_o company_n be_v oftentimes_o so_o numerous_a that_o they_o break_v through_o all_o opposition_n whatsoever_o when_o they_o make_v inroad_n to_o plunder_v the_o country_n which_o be_v already_o much_o ruin_v by_o the_o late_a invasion_n in_o this_o whole_a province_n of_o xantung_n lie_v six_o capital_a city_n twenty_o nine_o small_a city_n and_o thirteen_o carrison_n the_o six_o great_a city_n be_v cinan_n yencheu_o tungchang_n cingcheu_o tengcheâ—_n and_o laicheu_fw-la cinan_n command_v over_o thirty_o city_n as_o cinan_n changkieu_o ceup_a chagxan_n sinching_n ciho_n citung_n ciyang_n chihuen_n juch_v liâ—ye_n changce_v fich_a cingch_a ling_n taigan_n siniai_n laivu_o te_o tepe_v pingyven_v vute_v yangsin_n haifung_a lal_v xangho_n pin_n ljoin_n chenhoa_o and_o putahi_n yencheu_o command_v over_o 26_o city_n as_o yencheu_o kioheu_o nivyang_n ceu_fw-la teng_n you_o kiuhiang_n yutai_n tan_o chingvu_o cao_n tingtao_n cine_v kiaciang_n kivye_n kiunch_v tungp_a venxang_v tungpo_n pingyn_n jangco_n xeuchang_n why_o tanch_a fi_n and_o suxui_fw-la tungchang_n command_v over_o eight_o city_n as_o tungchang_n tangye_n popingay_v choangp_a kieu_o sin_n cingp_v ken_n lince_v quontao_n caotang_n gen_n hiacin_n vuce_v po_n fan_n quonching_n and_o chaoch_v cingcheu_o command_v over_o 14_o city_n as_o cingcheu_o linchi_n pohing_n caoyven_v logan_n xeuquang_n changlo_n linkiu_n gankiu_fw-la chuch_v mungin_n kiu_n yxui_fw-la and_o gechao_n tengcheu_o command_v over_o eight_o city_n as_o tengcheu_o hoang_n foxan_n leuhid_n chaoyven_v laiyang_n ninghai_n and_o vemeng_n laicheu_o command_v over_o seven_o city_n as_o laicheu_o pingtu_fw-la vi_n changye_n kiao_n caomi_n and_o gieme_n the_o thirteen_o garrison_n be_v nince_v cinghai_n chingxan_n gueihai_n sanxan_n kixan_n civenxan_n mavan_n siaoye_n haicang_v punglai_n cin_n and_o xechin_n in_o this_o province_n there_o be_v also_o several_a island_n among_o which_o these_o three_o be_v the_o chief_a as_o first_o feuxeu_o which_o lie_v towards_o the_o west_n be_v but_o small_a yet_o exceed_v well_o build_v the_o second_o be_v teuhang_v situate_v in_o the_o sea_n near_o to_o caomy_n this_o island_n be_v very_o famous_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o sad_a accident_n of_o five_o hundred_o chinese_n philosopher_n who_o drown_v themselves_o in_o the_o sea_n because_o the_o emperor_n xuis_n hate_v all_o learned_a man_n as_o mortal_a enemy_n the_o three_o island_n be_v xaumen_n the_o big_a and_o full_a of_o people_n the_o chinese_n accompt-book_n which_o comprehend_v the_o number_n of_o people_n in_o each_o place_n mention_n in_o this_o province_n seven_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o family_n sixty_o seven_o hundred_o fifty_o nine_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o fight_a men._n the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o the_o province_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n consist_v of_o twenty_o eight_o hundred_o twelve_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o bag_n of_o corn_n fifty_o four_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o roll_n of_o throw_v silk_n fifty_o two_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o forty_o nine_o pound_n of_o cotton_n and_o thirty_o eight_o hundred_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o truss_n of_o straw_n and_o hay_n for_o the_o emperor_n stable_n beside_o several_a toll_v pay_v upon_o the_o royal_a channel_n of_o jun_n which_o amount_v yearly_a to_o ten_o million_o of_o golden_a crown_n this_o village_n kiakia_a lie_v encompass_v with_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a field_n most_o delightful_a to_o behold_v and_o be_v very_o rich_a well_o build_v and_o handsome_o adorn_v with_o indifferent_a large_a structure_n the_o field_n round_o about_o be_v full_a of_o rosemary_n which_o be_v not_o only_o very_o pleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n but_o also_o cast_v a_o fragrant_a smell_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n before_o you_o come_v near_o they_o we_o see_v likewise_o not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n several_a herd_n of_o stag_n and_o buck_n and_o abundance_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fowl_n especial_o pheasant_n we_o take_v great_a delight_n in_o hunt_v the_o stag_n whereof_o we_o kill_v several_a with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v skilful_a at_o the_o game_n they_o be_v very_o much_o please_v with_o our_o way_n of_o shoot_v pheasant_n fly_v the_o flesh_n of_o these_o deer_n taste_v so_o much_o of_o rosemary_n as_o if_o the_o venison_n be_v season_v with_o the_o sprig_n we_o be_v three_o day_n upon_o this_o channel_n jun_n before_o we_o reach_v any_o other_o considerable_a place_n but_o upon_o the_o eleven_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v at_o a_o famous_a village_n call_v jax-hinno_a situate_v upon_o the_o royal_a channel_n in_o and_o about_o this_o village_n stand_v 36_o stately_a tower_n build_v rare_o well_o on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o river_n here_o we_o lay_v all_o night_n but_o the_o next_o morning_n set_v sail_n by_o daybreak_n and_o that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o we_o see_v upon_o each_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n great_a store_n of_o good_a corn-ground_n towards_o the_o east_n of_o this_o royal_a channel_n lie_v several_a high_a and_o great_a hill_n whereof_o these_o follow_a be_v the_o chief_a near_o to_o taigan_n the_o sixteen_o small_a city_n of_o cinnan_n appear_v a_o mountain_n call_v tai_n which_o be_v very_o steep_a and_o broad_a the_o chinese_n geographer_n say_v that_o it_o be_v at_o least_o five_o mile_n in_o height_n from_o the_o basis_n to_o the_o crown_n upon_o this_o mountain_n be_v several_a temple_n to_o which_o belong_v great_a store_n of_o priest_n who_o live_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o calvisians_n in_o europe_n not_o far_o from_o laivu_o the_o eighteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o place_n arise_v the_o mountain_n tax_n in_o which_o they_o find_v great_a store_n of_o iron_n near_o to_o ciohu_n the_o second_o small_a city_n under_o the_o chief_a city_n yengcheu_o be_v the_o mountain_n call_v fang_n very_o famous_a for_o the_o tomb_n where_o the_o ancestor_n of_o that_o learned_a chinese_n philosopher_n confutius_n lie_v inter_v not_o far_o from_o the_o four_o small_a city_n ceu_fw-la lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v changp_v upon_o which_o as_o the_o chineses_n report_n confutius_n be_v bear_v in_o a_o town_n also_o call_v changp_v the_o ruin_n whereof_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v near_o to_o tunp_v the_o eight_o small_a city_n of_o the_o say_v capital_a city_n stand_v a_o great_a mountain_n call_v fung_n full_a of_o wood_n and_o goodly_a pasture_n upon_o the_o thirteen_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o come_v to_o cinningsin_n or_o cine_v the_o fourteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n yengcheu_o in_o this_o cine_v the_o ambassador_n be_v noble_o treat_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o governor_n by_o the_o agent_n of_o the_o young_a canton_n viceroy_n he_o be_v go_v from_o home_n to_o order_v the_o make_n of_o a_o fence-work_n against_o the_o break_n in_o of_o the_o yellow_a river_n the_o country_n round_o about_o this_o city_n lie_v low_a and_o plashy_a be_v full_a of_o pool_n and_o river_n which_o abound_v with_o fish_n near_o to_o cao_n the_o twelve_o small_a city_n be_v a_o lake_n call_v lui_o which_o signify_v the_o thunder-pool_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o appear_v a_o stone_n represent_v a_o dragon_n with_o the_o head_n of_o a_o man._n the_o chineses_n call_v this_o the_o spirit_n of_o thunder_n and_o affirm_v that_o when_o any_o one_o strike_v upon_o the_o belly_n he_o draw_v a_o hideous_a sound_n from_o the_o monster_n like_o thunder_n near_o to_o the_o three_o small_a city_n nynyang_n which_o be_v likewise_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n yengcheu_o and_o about_o two_o mile_n from_o cine_v run_v a_o small_a river_n call_v tao_n out_o of_o which_o the_o chineses_n report_n that_o the_o great_a philosopher_n confutius_n refuse_v to_o drink_v though_o ready_a to_o die_v of_o thirst_n because_o it_o be_v call_v the_o water_n of_o thief_n so_o great_a a_o aversion_n have_v this_o ethnic_a philosopher_n to_o the_o very_a name_n of_o wicked_a villainy_n and_o robber_n all_o the_o inn_n and_o public_a victualling-house_n have_v their_o fiddler_n and_o comedian_n belong_v to_o they_o to_o recreate_v their_o guest_n at_o meal_n provision_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v very_o cheap_a in_o those_o part_n we_o pay_v but_o two_o shilling_n a_o piece_n for_o our_o dinner_n which_o consist_v of_o several_a dish_n out_o of_o which_o the_o player_n be_v
gate_n guard_v with_o the_o black_a elephant_n through_o this_o porch_n be_v fifty_o pace_n long_o and_o build_v upon_o five_o stately_a arch_n you_o come_v into_o the_o first_o quadrangle_n which_o be_v also_o four_o hundred_o pace_n large_a and_o whether_o we_o be_v bring_v by_o pinxenton_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v to_o expect_v with_o the_o other_o ambassador_n the_o come_n of_o the_o emperor_n this_o plain_n be_v well_o build_v with_o uniform_a and_o stately_a house_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o three_o more_o lofty_a and_o fortify_v edifice_n which_o be_v so_o strengthen_v with_o high_a thick_a wall_n and_o bulwark_n that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v the_o place_n from_o this_o court_n there_o be_v passage_n underneath_o the_o three_o great_a structure_n which_o lead_v into_o a_o second_o quadrangle_n of_o four_o hundred_o pace_n wide_a build_v and_o adorn_v with_o brave_a building_n as_o the_o former_a from_o hence_o you_o pass_v into_o the_o three_o and_o last_o plain_n also_o square_a and_o of_o the_o same_o bigness_n with_o the_o former_a this_o quadrangle_n which_o lie_v direct_o in_o the_o cross_n and_o pave_v with_o gray_a stone_n the_o great_a cham_n choose_v himself_o for_o his_o own_o residence_n here_o also_o be_v most_o sumptuous_a and_o costly_a building_n but_o the_o chief_a among_o these_o be_v four_o which_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o magnificence_n art_n and_o beauty_n and_o take_v up_o at_o least_o a_o three_o part_n of_o three_o side_n of_o the_o court._n direct_o forward_o appear_v the_o building_n where_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n sit_v upon_o his_o throne_n and_o which_o be_v far_o more_o stately_a and_o sumptuous_a than_o the_o former_a into_o which_o you_o enter_v through_o three_o ample_a and_o curious_a arch_n in_o this_o three_o court_n reside_v only_o the_o emperor_n and_o empress_n and_o none_o be_v permit_v to_o enter_v here_o but_o their_o attendant_n such_o show_v this_o palace_n within_o if_o you_o go_v through_o the_o south-gate_n straight_o to_o the_o three_o plain_n or_o the_o emperor_n be_v abide_v the_o like_a court_n and_o as_o many_o appear_v go_v through_o the_o other_o gate_n with_o all_o such_o building_n and_o adornment_n for_o the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o court_n be_v cut_v through_o in_o the_o middle_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n and_o in_o several_a place_n equal_o and_o orderly_o divide_v without_o the_o three_o plain_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o court_n and_o upon_o which_o stand_v the_o emperor_n building_n be_v several_a pleasant_a garden_n palace_n wood_n pool_n river_n and_o delicate_a summer-house_n which_o the_o emperor_n cause_v to_o be_v make_v for_o his_o pleasure_n and_o each_o be_v so_o large_a that_o it_o be_v fit_a enough_o for_o any_o prince_n to_o live_v in_o so_o that_o this_o palace_n contain_v several_a court_n for_o king_n within_o the_o wall_n each_o of_o the_o emperor_n child_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v ten_o year_n old_a be_v settle_v in_o one_o of_o these_o quadrangle_v the_o four_o concubine_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v choose_v from_o among_o the_o rest_n for_o his_o peculiar_a pleasure_n have_v also_o each_o of_o they_o without_o the_o three_o plain_n a_o particular_a dwelling_n or_o court_n where_o they_o keep_v state_n and_o which_o be_v build_v opposite_a to_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n face_v the_o four_o principal_a wind_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o this_o court_n a_o great_a many_o other_o house_n and_o dwelling_n for_o their_o priest_n artificer_n servant_n and_o other_o it_o be_v affirm_v to_o i_o that_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o person_n reside_v here_o amount_n at_o least_o to_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o thousand_o all_o the_o edifice_n which_o be_v very_o many_o be_v most_o rich_o adorn_v with_o gild_a gallery_n balcones_n and_o carve_v imagery_n to_o the_o admiration_n of_o all_o that_o ever_o â—aw_v they_o each_o dwelling_n have_v a_o large_a penthouse_n so_o that_o you_o may_v walk_v dry_a in_o rainy_n weather_n most_o of_o the_o timber_n which_o appear_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o house_n be_v either_o gilt_n or_o colour_v over_o with_o a_o certain_a gum_n which_o they_o call_v cie_n much_o in_o use_n among_o they_o and_o wherewith_o they_o colour_n or_o paint_v their_o householdstuff_n ship_n and_o house_n that_o they_o make_v they_o shine_v and_o glitter_v like_o looking-glass_n all_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o building_n be_v cover_v with_o yellow_a glaze_v pantile_n which_o shine_n when_o the_o sun_n reflect_v on_o they_o bright_a than_o gold_n and_o this_o have_v give_v some_o occasion_n to_o think_v that_o the_o roof_n of_o this_o royal_a palace_n be_v cover_v with_o pure_a gold_n whereas_o in_o truth_n the_o tile_n be_v only_o make_v of_o clay_n and_o glaze_v and_o neil_v over_o with_o artificial_a yellow_n but_o yet_o as_o i_o be_v tell_v each_o of_o these_o tile_n be_v fasten_v with_o a_o iron_n nail_n whereof_o the_o head_n be_v gild_v which_o make_v so_o much_o the_o more_o splendour_n beside_o the_o abovementioned_a channel_n or_o graff_n which_o be_v very_o shallow_a and_o overgrow_v with_o weed_n there_o be_v yet_o another_o in_o this_o palace_n which_o do_v run_v through_o the_o whole_a court_n with_o several_a wind_n and_o turn_n and_o serve_v to_o water_v the_o garden_n and_o wood_n this_o receive_v its_o water_n from_o the_o river_n the_fw-mi which_o spring_v from_o a_o pool_n call_v si_fw-mi near_o to_o the_o mountain_n jacve_v and_o be_v within_o the_o emperor_n court_n so_o broad_a and_o deep_a that_o it_o will_v bear_v great_a vessel_n which_o come_v lade_v in_o to_o the_o great_a convenience_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n this_o river_n send_v also_o its_o stream_n to_o those_o rock_n or_o cliff_n make_v by_o art_n whereof_o we_o former_o make_v mention_v there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n wherein_o the_o chineses_n show_v their_o ingenuity_n more_o than_o in_o these_o rock_n or_o artificial_a hill_n which_o be_v so_o curious_o wrought_v that_o art_n seem_v to_o exceed_v nature_n these_o cliff_n be_v make_v of_o a_o sort_n of_o stone_n and_o sometime_o of_o marble_n and_o so_o rare_o adorn_v with_o tree_n and_o flower_n that_o all_o that_o see_v they_o be_v surprise_v with_o admiration_n rich_a and_o wealthy_a people_n especial_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o mandorin_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o rock_n in_o their_o court_n and_o palace_n upon_o which_o they_o squander_v a_o good_a part_n of_o their_o estate_n it_o be_v tell_v i_o of_o a_o certainty_n that_o somewhere_o about_o peking_n there_o be_v some_o rock_n which_o contain_v chamber_n closet_n parlour_n vyver_n stair_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o tree_n so_o curious_o wrought_v and_o adorn_v by_o art_n that_o the_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o whole_a world_n these_o artificial_a mountain_n or_o cliff_n be_v common_o contrive_v with_o chamber_n and_o antichamber_n for_o a_o defence_n against_o the_o scorch_a heat_n in_o summer_n and_o to_o refresh_v and_o delight_v the_o spirit_n for_o they_o common_o make_v their_o great_a enterainment_n in_o these_o grot_n and_o the_o learned_a seek_v to_o study_v in_o they_o rather_o than_o any_o other_o place_n if_o i_o shall_v relate_v all_o the_o other_o artificial_a ornament_n as_o of_o garden_n wilderness_n pool_n and_o other_o particular_n which_o adorn_v this_o court_n i_o shall_v far_o exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o what_o i_o intend_v and_o perhaps_o to_o some_o of_o belief_n but_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v shall_v suffice_v to_o set_v forth_o the_o wonder_n of_o this_o most_o magnificent_a palace_n great_a endeavour_n be_v use_v by_o i_o to_o observe_v what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a and_o worth_a take_v notice_n of_o as_o far_o as_o the_o shortness_n of_o our_o stay_n will_v permit_v especial_o concern_v its_o situation_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n at_o peking_n that_o the_o ambassador_n after_o their_o address_n to_o the_o emperor_n in_o token_n that_o their_o affair_n be_v dispatch_v be_v entertain_v with_o three_o treatment_n in_o the_o name_n and_o behalf_n of_o the_o emperor_n upon_o the_o ten_o twenty_o and_o thirty_o day_n after_o their_o audience_n so_o that_o these_o entertainment_n take_v up_o a_o whole_a month_n before_o they_o be_v end_v but_o in_o regard_v our_o ambassador_n be_v desirous_a to_o make_v what_o haste_n they_o can_v home_n again_o the_o providore_n have_v obtain_v leave_n of_o the_o emperor_n not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n that_o these_o three_o feast_n shall_v be_v give_v they_o upon_o three_o follow_a day_n at_o two_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n upon_o the_o same_o day_n that_o we_o have_v be_v at_o court_n before_o the_o emperor_n the_o ambassador_n be_v invite_v together_o with_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n and_o other_o as_o also_o the_o captain_n and_o soldier_n who_o
as_o the_o ambassador_n be_v ready_a to_o depart_v we_o all_o of_o we_o perform_v our_o obedience_n to_o the_o imperial_a throne_n by_o thrice_o kneel_v and_o bow_v our_o head_n the_o present_n and_o person_n to_o who_o the_o same_o be_v give_v be_v these_o follow_v to_o the_o general_n john_n matzuiker_n three_o hundred_o toel_n of_o silver_n four_o pack_n of_o damask_n four_o pack_n of_o black_a and_o four_o of_o blue_a satin_n four_o pack_n of_o blue_a damask_n four_o pack_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n among_o which_o two_o with_o dragon_n four_o pack_n of_o thuys_n twelve_o pack_n of_o peling_n ten_o pack_n of_o hokiens_n four_o pack_n of_o blue_a flower_v damask_n four_o pack_n of_o gasen_a four_o pack_n of_o foras_fw-la four_o pack_n of_o black_a velvet_n to_o each_o of_o the_o ambassador_n one_o hundred_o toel_n of_o silver_n four_o pack_n of_o peling_n four_o pack_n of_o gasen_a four_o pack_n of_o hokiens_n three_o pack_n of_o blue_a satin_n three_o pack_n of_o black_a and_o three_o of_o blue_a damask_n one_o pack_n of_o black_a velvet_n to_o the_o secretary_n baron_fw-fr fifty_o toel_n of_o silver_n two_o pack_n of_o peling_n two_o pack_n of_o gasen_a one_o pack_n of_o damask_n one_o pack_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n one_o pack_n of_o velvet_n to_o each_o of_o their_o follower_n fifteen_o toel_n of_o silver_n two_o pack_n of_o hokiens_n to_o the_o interpreter_n carpentier_n thirty_o toel_n of_o silver_n to_o the_o interpreter_n paul_n durette_n a_o damask_n gown_n the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n have_v give_v he_o a_o mandorin_n gown_n embroider_v with_o golden_a dragon_n which_o he_o be_v to_o wear_v immediate_o each_o of_o the_o other_o two_o mandorin_n who_o be_v gentleman_n or_o knight_n receive_v one_o horse_n without_o a_o saddle_n each_o of_o the_o two_o captain_n who_o have_v the_o command_n over_o the_o soldier_n and_o conduct_v we_o from_o canton_n to_o peking_n a_o gown_n of_o blue_a silk_n damask_n each_o soldier_n to_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o receive_v a_o coat_n of_o black_a and_o blue_a silk_n damask_n two_o day_n after_o upon_o the_o 16._o the_o day_n of_o our_o departure_n out_o of_o peking_n the_o abovementioned_a tartar_n lord_n who_o have_v be_v often_o send_v to_o the_o ambassador_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o emperor_n cause_v fifteen_o wagon_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o carry_v the_o good_n upon_o the_o same_o day_n the_o ambassador_n be_v send_v for_o to_o appear_v before_o the_o council_n by_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o lipu_n to_o receive_v the_o emperor_n letter_n write_v to_o the_o governor-general_n at_o batavia_n they_o ride_v thither_o about_o one_o of_o the_o clock_n and_o be_v conduct_v into_o a_o antichamber_n where_o one_o of_o the_o council_n take_v the_o letter_n off_o the_o table_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o yellow_a carpet_n and_o open_v the_o same_o declare_v to_o they_o the_o content_v thereof_o it_o be_v write_v double_a in_o the_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n tongue_n gild_v on_o the_o edge_n and_o paint_v on_o both_o side_n with_o golden_a dragon_n after_o he_o have_v open_v it_o he_o make_v the_o letter_n up_o again_o and_o wrap_v it_o up_o in_o a_o silk_n scarf_n put_v it_o into_o a_o box_n to_o be_v preserve_v from_o sully_v then_o he_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o ambassador_n which_o they_o receive_v kneel_v with_o all_o humility_n and_o respect_n afterward_o the_o say_a councillor_n take_v the_o letter_n again_o from_o they_o and_o bind_v it_o to_o the_o back_n of_o one_o of_o the_o interpreter_n he_o go_v along_o with_o it_o before_o the_o ambassador_n through_o the_o big_a and_o middle_a gate_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v set_v wide_o open_a on_o purpose_n to_o make_v the_o more_o way_n for_o this_o imperial_a missive_n which_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v in_o great_a silence_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o mention_n make_v at_o any_o of_o their_o feast_n and_o entertainment_n of_o our_o netherlands_n affair_n the_o emperor_n letter_n run_v thus_o word_n for_o word_n the_o king_n send_v this_o letter_n to_o the_o holland_n governor_n general_n john_n maatzuyker_n at_o batavia_n our_o territory_n be_v so_o far_o asunder_o as_o the_o east_n from_o the_o west_n so_o that_o we_o can_v hardly_o come_v near_o one_o another_o and_o from_o many_o foregoing_a age_n to_o this_o present_a time_n the_o hollander_n be_v never_o see_v before_o by_o we_o but_o those_o that_o send_v peter_n de_fw-fr goyer_n and_o jacob_n de_fw-fr keyser_n to_o i_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o brave_a people_n who_o in_o your_o name_n have_v appear_v before_o i_o and_o bring_v i_o several_a present_n your_o country_n be_v ten_o thousand_o mile_n distant_a from_o i_o but_o you_o show_v your_o noble_a mind_n in_o remember_v of_o i_o for_o this_o reason_n my_o heart_n do_v very_o much_o incline_v to_o you_o therefore_o i_o send_v to_o you_o two_o roll_n of_o satin_n with_o dragon_n beside_o two_o other_o roll_n of_o satin_n four_o roll_n of_o flower_v satin_n four_o roll_n of_o blue_a satin_n without_o flower_n four_o roll_n of_o kin_n four_o roll_n of_o chamelot_n ten_o piece_n of_o pelinx_n ten_o piece_n of_o fancy_n ten_o piece_n of_o fine_a stuff_n and_o three_o hundred_o toel_n of_o silver_n you_o have_v ask_v leave_n to_o come_v and_o trade_n in_o my_o country_n to_o import_n commodity_n into_o it_o and_o to_o export_v other_o out_o of_o it_o which_o will_v make_v very_o much_o to_o the_o profit_n and_o advantage_n of_o my_o subject_n but_o in_o regard_v your_o country_n be_v so_o far_o off_o and_o the_o wind_n very_o high_a here_o which_o will_v very_o much_o endanger_v your_o ship_n it_o will_v very_o much_o trouble_v i_o if_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v miscarry_v by_o the_o way_n therefore_o if_o you_o please_v to_o send_v hither_o i_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v but_o once_o every_o eight_o year_n and_o no_o more_o than_o one_o hundred_o man_n in_o a_o company_n whereof_o twenty_o may_v come_v up_o to_o the_o place_n where_o i_o keep_v my_o court_n and_o than_o you_o may_v bring_v your_o merchandize_n ashore_o into_o your_o lodging_n without_o barter_v they_o at_o sea_n before_o canton_n this_o i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o propose_v for_o your_o interest_n and_o safety_n and_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v well_o like_v of_o by_o you_o and_o thus_o much_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v know_v unto_o you_o in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n eight_o month_n and_o twenty_o nine_o day_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o sungte_n underneath_o stand_v hougtee_n thoepe_v the_o rix-providore_a be_v busy_a at_o court_n about_o some_o state-affair_n when_o the_o ambassador_n be_v there_o so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o speak_v with_o he_o which_o they_o will_v willing_o have_v do_v for_o he_o be_v their_o friend_n and_o can_v procure_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o emperor_n the_o ambassador_n be_v return_v home_o with_o this_o letter_n to_o the_o general_n at_o batavia_n they_o be_v urge_v by_o the_o commissioner_n to_o depart_v who_o allege_v that_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o chinese_n after_o their_o dispatch_n from_o the_o emperor_n not_o to_o continue_v two_o hour_n in_o the_o city_n if_o they_o will_v avoid_v fall_v into_o some_o inconvenience_n so_o that_o we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o depart_v at_o noon_n out_o of_o this_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o have_v no_o time_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o place_n or_o of_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o be_v rare_a and_o worth_a the_o notice_n for_o during_o our_o stay_n we_o be_v continual_o keep_v close_o in_o our_o lodging_n as_o recluse_n in_o their_o cell_n without_o once_o stir_v abroad_o to_o take_v our_o pleasure_n though_o we_o be_v well_o receive_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o provide_v with_o a_o rich_a allowance_n for_o the_o ambassador_n receive_v daily_o six_o catti_n of_o fresh_a meat_n one_o goose_n two_o pullet_n four_o cup_n of_o samsou_n two_o toel_n of_o salt_n two_o toel_n of_o thea_fw-mi one_o toel_n and_o one_o measure_n of_o oil_n six_o toel_n of_o mison_n one_o measure_n of_o pepper_n six_o catti_n of_o herb_n four_o catti_n of_o meal_n two_o fresh_a fish_n two_o toel_n of_o suttati_fw-la the_o secretary_n henry_n baron_n receive_v daily_o one_o catti_n of_o fresh_a meat_n five_o measure_n of_o thea_fw-mi one_o catti_n of_o meal_n one_o measure_n of_o taufoe_n five_o coudrine_n of_o pepper_n four_o toel_n of_o suttati_fw-la four_o measure_n of_o oil_n four_o toel_n of_o mison_n one_o catti_n of_o herb_n one_o cup_n of_o arack_n each_o of_o the_o follower_n receive_v daily_o one_o catti_n of_o fresh_a meat_n one_o cup_n of_o arack_n two_o toel_n of_o herb_n one_o catti_n of_o rice_n we_o have_v wood_n and_o fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n send_v in_o daily_a in_o great_a abundance_n as_o also_o
chief_a gate_n which_o make_v twelve_o in_o the_o whole_a and_o next_o to_o each_o of_o these_o stand_v a_o most_o stately_a edifice_n wherein_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o city_n be_v preserve_v the_o street_n run_v so_o straight_o that_o you_o may_v see_v quite_o through_o the_o city_n from_o one_o gate_n to_o another_o and_o build_v on_o both_o side_n with_o brave_a large_a house_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o most_o noble_a idol-temple_n wherein_o hang_v a_o very_a large_a bell_n which_o they_o ring_v three_o time_n in_o a_o evening_n after_o which_o no_o body_n be_v to_o go_v out_o of_o his_o house_n till_o the_o next_o morning_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o sick_a or_o to_o visit_v their_o friend_n and_o whosoever_o go_v out_o after_o the_o bell_n have_v ring_v must_v take_v a_o light_n with_o he_o each_o gate_n be_v watch_v by_o a_o thousand_o soldier_n not_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o against_o thief_n and_o rogue_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a about_o this_o city_n the_o ambassador_n have_v take_v their_o leaf_n of_o all_o the_o grandee_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o rix-council_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o famous_a imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o be_v come_v without_o the_o gate_n thereof_o they_o make_v a_o halt_n to_o stay_v for_o some_o of_o the_o wagon_n that_o be_v behind_o by_o which_o mean_v i_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o take_v a_o further_a view_n thereof_o how_o the_o same_o be_v situate_a and_o how_o that_o famous_a and_o far_o renown_v wall_n do_v separate_v tartary_n and_o china_n and_o take_v its_o course_n quite_o through_o the_o mountain_n a_o true_a description_n whereof_o i_o here_o give_v you_o so_o far_o do_v this_o wall_n reach_v from_o east_n to_o west_n that_o it_o take_v in_o four_o province_n as_o leaotung_v peking_n xansi_fw-la and_o xensi_fw-la it_o contain_v three_o hundred_o dutch_a mile_n in_o length_n and_o begin_v at_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v situate_a between_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o hang_a island_n of_o corea_n where_o the_o river_n yalo_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o eastern_a tartary_n from_o thence_o it_o reach_v towards_o the_o west_n to_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o city_n kin_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la near_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n it_o run_v quite_o through_o in_o a_o direct_a line_n but_o have_v turn_n and_o wind_n in_o some_o place_n yet_o be_v no_o where_o break_v off_o or_o part_v only_o near_a to_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la lie_v a_o very_a high_a mountain_n which_o make_v a_o separation_n in_o the_o wall_n to_o give_v way_n to_o this_o mountain_n also_o where_o it_o give_v passage_n to_o the_o yellow_a river_n it_o have_v a_o breach_n for_o so_o much_o space_n but_o for_o other_o small_a river_n they_o run_v through_o the_o wall_n without_o any_o separation_n by_o arch_n and_o sluice_n otherwise_o it_o be_v every_o where_o alike_o it_o be_v about_o thirty_o cubit_n or_o forty_o five_o foot_n high_a and_o some_o fifteen_o cubit_n broad_a several_a strong_a watch-tower_n be_v build_v upon_o this_o wall_n which_o stand_v at_o a_o distance_n from_o each_o other_o and_o be_v former_o guard_v by_o soldier_n heretofore_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n as_o also_o at_o present_a the_o great_a cham_n maintain_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o this_o wall_n and_o against_o the_o inroad_n of_o the_o tartar_n ten_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n who_o keep_v watch_n day_n and_o night_n by_o turn_n in_o the_o say_a watch-tower_n the_o building_n of_o this_o wall_n be_v begin_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o emperor_n chius_n who_o be_v a_o brave_a prince_n and_o do_v many_o great_a and_o noble_a deed_n as_o well_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o war_n there_o be_v never_o any_o chinese_n emperor_n before_z nor_o since_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o he_o when_o this_o emperor_n have_v conquer_v the_o race_n of_o cheva_n and_o have_v bring_v all_o china_n under_o his_o subjection_n he_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o imperial_a throne_n be_v before_o but_o a_o petty_a king_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o throne_n he_o cause_v this_o wall_n to_o be_v build_v have_v conquer_v the_o tartar_n the_o irreconcilable_a enemy_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n to_o hinder_v and_o prevent_v by_o that_o mean_v their_o inroad_n into_o the_o kingdom_n this_o great_a work_n be_v begin_v by_o he_o in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n two_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n birth_n about_o which_o he_o employ_v so_o great_a number_n of_o workman_n that_o it_o be_v finish_v in_o five_o year_n through_o all_o china_n the_o emperor_n command_v three_o man_n out_o of_o â—en_n to_o work_v upon_o this_o wall_n which_o be_v so_o well_o build_v and_o so_o strong_a that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o crack_n in_o it_o this_o wall_n be_v admirable_a not_o only_o for_o the_o length_n and_o breadth_n but_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o durableness_n have_v last_v for_o so_o many_o age_n without_o alteration_n be_v as_o entire_a as_o when_o it_o be_v first_o build_v after_o some_o short_a stay_n without_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n we_o get_v all_o our_o carriage_n together_o and_o then_o begin_v our_o journey_n back_o with_o all_o our_o follower_n by_o the_o same_o way_n we_o come_v we_o lodge_v that_o night_n in_o a_o village_n call_v pekinsin_n and_o the_o next_o day_n pass_v by_o the_o city_n of_o tongsiou_n and_o in_o the_o afternoon_n come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o sancianwey_n where_o the_o emperor_n vessel_n be_v still_o lie_v which_o bring_v we_o from_o nank_v expect_v our_o come_n the_o skipper_n come_v to_o meet_v the_o ambassador_n to_o bid_v they_o welcome_a and_o help_v carry_v our_o good_n aboard_o but_o the_o mandorin_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v order_v to_o wait_v upon_o we_o to_o conduct_v we_o to_o canton_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o ambassador_n to_o embark_v in_o those_o vessel_n but_o in_o other_o which_o be_v provide_v by_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n these_o vessel_n they_o call_v jonken_a and_o be_v very_o large_a have_v several_a convenience_n but_o lay_v so_o low_a and_o sluggish_a upon_o the_o water_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v themselves_o in_o they_o lest_o they_o shall_v not_o arrive_v at_o canton_n soon_o enough_o but_o be_v force_v to_o winter_n there_o therefore_o the_o ambassador_n to_o make_v no_o difference_n or_o hatred_n between_o the_o mandorin_n and_o our_o old_a skipper_n take_v neither_o the_o new_a jonkens_n nor_o their_o old_a ship_n but_o hire_v small_a vessel_n to_o make_v the_o more_o speed_n and_o have_v take_v order_n about_o our_o business_n and_o ship_v our_o good_n we_o set_v sail_n again_o from_o this_o sansianwey_n with_o the_o tartarian_a lord_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v order_v to_o attend_v the_o ambassador_n together_o with_o the_o mandorin_n of_o canton_n and_o come_v late_o in_o the_o night_n to_o a_o small_a village_n upon_o the_o river_n guei_n where_o we_o continue_v till_o morning_n pinxenton_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n part_v from_o we_o at_o sancianwey_n and_o take_v his_o way_n over_o land_n to_o lince_a where_o we_o have_v leave_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n as_o we_o go_v to_o peking_n in_o our_o return_n from_o peking_n to_o canton_n we_o take_v the_o same_o way_n we_o come_v but_o pass_v by_o several_a city_n and_o village_n without_o enter_v into_o they_o upon_o the_o 23._o of_o october_n we_o come_v to_o singlo_n and_o the_o next_o day_n to_o sincocien_n upon_o the_o 25._o we_o get_v to_o tonquam_fw-la and_o the_o 27._o to_o tacheu_fw-la upon_o the_o 31._o of_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o get_v to_o lince_a where_o the_o ambassador_n be_v noble_o receive_v and_o treat_v by_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n we_o stay_v here_o two_o or_o three_o day_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_v mandorin_n who_o make_v very_o much_o of_o we_o all_o that_o while_n and_o then_o we_o set_v sail_n with_o a_o good_a wind_n at_o north_n which_o blow_v so_o very_o hard_a and_o cold_a that_o we_o be_v hardly_o able_a to_o endure_v it_o upon_o the_o five_o of_o november_n have_v undergo_v much_o hardship_n we_o get_v to_o tunchant_v and_o the_o next_o day_n to_o xansiu_n where_o we_o can_v procure_v no_o fresh_a man_n to_o tow_n forward_o our_o vessel_n the_o ambassador_n to_o lose_v no_o long_o time_n hire_v such_o as_o they_o can_v meet_v withal_o in_o the_o street_n upon_o the_o eight_o of_o november_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o cinning_n and_o on_o the_o 13._o follow_v to_o tamincien_fw-fr from_o thence_o we_o get_v into_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o on_o the_o 17._o to_o the_o city_n of_o jamcefu_n where_o the_o ambassador_n be_v hearty_o welcome_v by_o the_o base_a brother_n of_o the_o
make_v so_o much_o speed_v that_o day_n that_o before_o sunset_n we_o get_v beyond_o the_o eastern_a island_n of_o maccao_n upon_o the_o four_o instant_a we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o northern_a mountain_n of_o aynam_n which_o lie_v about_o six_o mile_n north-west_n from_o we_o upon_o the_o 21._o of_o march_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o island_n linga_fw-mi situate_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o sumatra_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n we_o spy_v a_o sail_n whereupon_o we_o man_v out_o our_o boat_n to_o discover_v what_o she_o be_v and_o whence_o she_o come_v by_o who_o we_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v our_o bloemandael_n which_o have_v lose_v we_o by_o the_o way_n so_o we_o join_v together_o and_o steer_v our_o course_n south-west_n upon_o the_o 24._o we_o come_v into_o the_o straight_a banca_n between_o the_o great_a island_n borneo_n and_o sumatra_n and_o upon_o the_o 26._o we_o pass_v by_o the_o island_n lucipara_n and_o so_o through_o the_o abovementioned_a narrow_a on_o the_o last_o of_o march_n we_o arrive_v in_o our_o long-desired_a harbour_n of_o batavia_n after_o we_o have_v spend_v twenty_o month_n and_o six_o day_n in_o this_o tedious_a and_o expensive_a voyage_n the_o ambassador_n immediate_o go_v ashore_o to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o the_o governor-general_n and_o the_o council_n of_o india_n of_o their_o transaction_n in_o this_o their_o voyage_n to_o and_o from_o peking_n and_o to_o inform_v they_o what_o ill_a success_n they_o have_v in_o their_o business_n with_o the_o emperor_n there_o notwithstanding_o all_o their_o endeavour_n and_o the_o rich_a present_v they_o have_v give_v as_o well_o to_o the_o emperor_n himself_o as_o to_o the_o mandorin_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o grandee_n of_o his_o court_n the_o value_n of_o these_o present_v amount_v in_o the_o whole_a to_o 5555_o l._n 1_o s._n 7_o d._n sterling_n and_o the_o expense_n of_o our_o expedition_n forward_o and_o backward_o come_v to_o 4327_o l._n 10_o d._n sterling_n which_o together_o amount_v to_o the_o sum_n of_o 9882_o l._n 2_o s._n 5_o d._n sterling_n and_o for_o all_o these_o present_n and_o great_a trouble_n of_o so_o dangerous_a and_o long_o travel_v we_o effect_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o the_o hollander_n be_v receive_v as_o friend_n by_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o may_v return_v eight_o year_n hence_o to_o salute_v his_o imperial_a majesty_n according_a to_o the_o content_n of_o the_o forementioned_a letter_n which_o the_o great_a cham_n write_v to_o the_o governor-general_n at_o batavia_n and_o though_o through_o the_o mean_n and_o design_n of_o the_o portuguese_a jesuit_n as_o have_v be_v often_o mention_v our_o business_n do_v not_o succeed_v with_o the_o emperor_n according_a to_o our_o wish_n yet_o we_o hope_v that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o before_o the_o date_n of_o eight_o year_n shall_v be_v expire_v something_o will_v be_v do_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o our_o traffic_n by_o send_v a_o few_o more_o present_n to_o the_o emperor_n which_o several_a of_o the_o grandee_n of_o peking_n do_v more_o than_o hint_n to_o our_o ambassador_n beside_o the_o great_a cham_fw-mi have_v war_n with_o that_o arch-pyrate_n coxinga_fw-mi if_o we_o shall_v but_o propose_v to_o assist_v his_o imperial_a majesty_n with_o our_o ship_n for_o the_o subdue_a of_o the_o say_a pirate_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o he_o will_v quick_o consent_v to_o give_v we_o a_o free_a trade_n in_o his_o dominion_n among_o so_o many_o alteration_n happen_v since_o our_o departure_n we_o understand_v at_o our_o arrival_n with_o great_a joy_n that_o the_o strong_a city_n of_o columbo_n in_o the_o island_n of_o ceylon_n be_v fall_v into_o our_o hand_n by_o the_o conduct_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o general_n dirck_n hulft_v who_o command_v over_o those_o force_n that_o be_v send_v to_o subdue_v it_o this_o valiant_a commander_n be_v unfortunate_o slay_v in_o a_o assault_n make_v by_o he_o upon_o the_o say_a city_n which_o be_v perceive_v by_o his_o courageous_a soldier_n they_o fall_v on_o with_o so_o much_o fury_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o commander_n with_o any_o thing_n less_o than_o the_o take_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v soon_o after_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o upon_o term_n how_o great_a a_o advantage_n this_o will_v prove_v to_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n any_o one_o may_v easy_o guess_v if_o they_o do_v but_o know_v that_o from_o this_o place_n come_v the_o best_a cinnamon_n we_o likewise_o understand_v that_o the_o troublesome_a and_o contentious_a business_n in_o amboyna_n which_o threaten_v this_o place_n with_o great_a danger_n be_v accommodate_v and_o reconcile_v through_o the_o wise_a management_n of_o arnold_n de_fw-mi ulaming_z so_o that_o one_o may_v live_v free_o and_o peaceable_o there_o and_o drive_v their_o trade_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o former_o last_o we_o be_v inform_v that_o the_o bantam_n javaner_n be_v grow_v weary_a of_o the_o war_n and_o seek_v to_o live_v in_o peace_n with_o the_o hollander_n which_o will_v high_o make_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o our_o east-india_n company_n i_o have_v treat_v thus_o far_o in_o short_a concern_v what_o happen_v upon_o our_o travel_n forward_o and_o backward_o to_o the_o emperor_n court_n at_o peking_n wherein_o to_o my_o knowledge_n i_o have_v not_o in_o the_o least_o say_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n and_o as_o i_o begin_v in_o give_v a_o description_n in_o short_a of_o the_o whole_a empire_n for_o as_o much_o as_o concern_v the_o country_n itself_o so_o i_o conceive_v it_o not_o improper_a for_o a_o more_o full_a and_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o all_o china_n to_o continue_v my_o relation_n of_o the_o government_n letter_n learning_n manner_n custom_n fashion_n and_o modes_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n creature_n beast_n herb_n fruit_n war_n and_o peace_n in_o this_o vast_a dominion_n of_o china_n finis_fw-la a_o general_n description_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n chap._n i._n of_o the_o government_n and_o several_a chief_a officer_n in_o china_n our_o statist_n in_o europe_n and_o most_o else_o that_o follow_v science_n and_o literature_n be_v not_o ignorant_a in_o the_o least_o of_o the_o three_o form_n of_o government_n viz._n that_o of_o monarcy_n or_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o a_o single_a person_n aristocracy_n be_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o democracy_n the_o sway_n of_o the_o multitude_n now_o the_o kingdom_n or_o empire_n of_o china_n have_v be_v govern_v from_o age_n to_o age_n in_o a_o series_n or_o long_a prescription_n of_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n by_o a_o single_a person_n the_o supreme_a authority_n be_v always_o monarchical_a for_o both_o the_o power_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o that_o of_o the_o populacy_n be_v so_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o chinese_n that_o we_o have_v a_o difficult_a task_n when_o we_o be_v at_o peking_n to_o make_v they_o understand_v what_o our_o government_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n be_v and_o what_o be_v our_o high_a and_o mighty_a lord_n the_o state_n general_n the_o emperor_n of_o china_n command_v over_o the_o life_n and_o estate_n of_o all_o his_o subject_n he_o alone_o be_v the_o supreme_a head_n and_o governor_n so_o that_o the_o chinese_n government_n be_v absolute_o monarchical_a the_o crown_n descend_v from_o father_n to_o son_n and_o for_o want_v of_o issue-male_n it_o come_v to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n the_o elder_a son_n first_o resume_v the_o paternal_a throne_n only_o we_o read_v that_o two_o or_o three_o king_n in_o old_a time_n disinherit_v their_o child_n be_v hold_v unfit_a to_o govern_v and_o put_v the_o sceptre_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o stranger_n no_o way_n relate_v to_o they_o it_o have_v also_o often_o happen_v that_o the_o subject_n have_v by_o force_n wrest_v the_o government_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o lawful_a prince_n for_o be_v too_o severe_a harsh_a and_o cruel_a in_o his_o reign_n and_o confer_v it_o on_o one_o more_o agreeable_a to_o their_o humour_n who_o they_o have_v acknowledge_v for_o their_o lawful_a prince_n yet_o herein_o be_v the_o chineses_n to_o be_v commend_v that_o many_o among_o they_o have_v rather_o die_v honourable_o than_o sweat_n fidelity_n to_o any_o prince_n that_o get_v the_o crown_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n have_v no_o just_a title_n to_o the_o same_o for_o they_o have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o that_o a_o honest_a woman_n can_v marry_v two_o husband_n nor_o a_o faithful_a subject_n serve_v two_o lord_n when_o the_o heir_n which_o general_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o child_n be_v treat_v with_o royal_a dignity_n and_o honour_n but_o they_o must_v not_o use_v any_o regal_a authority_n the_o king_n allot_v to_o each_o of_o they_o a_o city_n with_o a_o royal_a palace_n where_o he_o
carrion_n either_o of_o a_o horse_n mule_n ass_n dog_n or_o any_o other_o creature_n they_o be_v likewise_o great_o delight_v with_o dry_a sweetmeat_n which_o they_o know_v very_o well_o how_o to_o order_v the_o mandorin_n have_v always_o comedian_n to_o act_n and_o music_n to_o play_n whilst_o they_o be_v at_o dinner_n to_o excite_v they_o to_o cheerfulness_n their_o ordinary_a drink_n be_v hot_a water_n wherein_o thea_fw-mi have_v be_v steep_v which_o as_o they_o do_v all_o other_o liquor_n they_o sip_v off_o warm_a but_o the_o best_a of_o their_o liquor_n be_v that_o which_o they_o call_v cia_n and_o be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o take_v half_a a_o handful_n of_o the_o herb_n cha_fw-mi and_o boil_v it_o in_o spring-water_n when_o it_o be_v well_o boil_a they_o put_v to_o it_o four_o time_n as_o much_o new_a milk_n with_o a_o little_a salt_n this_o liquor_n drink_v warm_a as_o they_o general_o believe_v have_v more_o virtue_n than_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n as_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o civility_n manner_n and_o fashion_n they_o consist_v chief_o in_o the_o honour_n duty_n and_o obedience_n which_o be_v show_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o that_o be_v extraordinary_a for_o he_o be_v obey_v honour_a and_o serve_v more_o than_o any_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a prince_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n beside_o no_o person_n of_o what_o condition_n or_o quality_n soever_o may_v speak_v to_o he_o but_o only_o the_o gelubden_n who_o wait_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o chamber_n in_o the_o palace_n and_o his_o near_a kindred_n as_o his_o son_n and_o daughter_n that_o live_v with_o he_o in_o the_o same_o palace_n all_o the_o magistrate_n without_o the_o palace_n for_o the_o gelubden_n have_v their_o degree_n of_o order_n and_o preferment_n be_v only_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n in_o write_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o petition_n wherein_o their_o desire_n be_v set_v forth_o with_o the_o most_o humble_a expression_n imaginable_a when_o it_o be_v the_o new_a year_n which_o always_o begin_v with_o the_o new_a moon_n before_o or_o after_o the_o nine_o month_n of_o october_n at_o which_o time_n also_o they_o begin_v their_o lent_n a_o ambassador_n be_v send_v from_o every_o general_a province_n to_o salute_v the_o king_n this_o duty_n be_v perform_v every_o three_o year_n with_o great_a state_n and_o such_o humble_a submission_n that_o it_o seem_v in_o a_o manner_n a_o servile_a obedience_n so_o upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o new_a moon_n the_o magistrate_n every_o one_o in_o his_o own_o city_n meet_v and_o bow_v to_o the_o royal_a throne_n which_o be_v adorn_v with_o picture_n and_o image_n then_o with_o exalt_a voice_n pray_v that_o the_o king_n may_v live_v ten_o thousand_o year_n and_o this_o be_v loud_o second_v by_o the_o redouble_a echo_n of_o the_o people_n purposely_o meet_v together_o the_o same_o honour_n be_v do_v to_o the_o emperor_n upon_o his_o birthday_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o day_n the_o magistrate_n of_o peking_n and_o the_o ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v from_o other_o province_n as_o also_o the_o emperor_n near_a and_o chief_a friend_n come_v into_o the_o emperor_n presence_n to_o let_v he_o know_v what_o day_n it_o be_v and_o to_o confirm_v their_o good_a wish_n for_o his_o long_a life_n by_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o present_n which_o they_o then_o bring_v unto_o he_o all_o such_o as_o be_v prefer_v by_o the_o king_n to_o any_o place_n of_o magistracy_n or_o other_o office_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o king_n throne_n to_o return_v thanks_o for_o the_o favour_n show_v at_o which_o time_n they_o be_v clothe_v in_o red_a satin_n with_o silver-gilt_n turban_n upon_o their_o head_n in_o both_o hand_n they_o hold_v a_o ebony_n board_n four_o finger_n broad_a and_o a_o foot_n long_o which_o they_o put_v before_o their_o mouth_n as_o often_o as_o they_o speak_v before_o the_o emperor_n or_o his_o throne_n when_o former_o the_o emperor_n intend_v to_o appear_v upon_o his_o throne_n he_o show_v himself_o first_o out_o of_o a_o large_a window_n in_o the_o high_a room_n of_o the_o house_n hold_v a_o ebony_n board_n in_o his_o hand_n before_o his_o face_n and_o another_o over_o his_o head_n both_o which_o board_n be_v beset_v with_o so_o many_o precious_a stone_n and_o of_o that_o bigness_n that_o they_o cover_v his_o face_n and_o hinder_v any_o one_o from_o have_v a_o perfect_a sight_n of_o he_o but_o how_o the_o tartar_n cham_fw-mi appear_v in_o this_o age_n we_o have_v already_o relate_v it_o be_v only_o lawful_a for_o the_o emperor_n to_o be_v array_v in_o yellow_a that_o colour_n be_v forbid_v to_o all_o other_o his_o raiment_n be_v chief_o embroider_a with_o dragon_n and_o not_o only_o be_v these_o dragon_n upon_o his_o garment_n but_o likewise_o engrave_v upon_o the_o vessel_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o plate_n belong_v to_o the_o palace_n as_o also_o upon_o all_o the_o other_o furniture_n thereof_o insomuch_o that_o the_o very_o tyl_v of_o the_o palace_n be_v of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n figure_v with_o the_o shape_n of_o dragon_n which_o have_v give_v occasion_n for_o some_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o palace_n be_v either_o of_o gold_n or_o copper_n whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v only_o cover_v with_o tile_n colour_v yellow_a in_o the_o bake_n and_o fasten_v with_o nail_n who_o head_n be_v gild_v that_o so_o every_o thing_n outward_o see_v may_v resemble_v the_o emperor_n apparel_n and_o if_o any_o person_n shall_v be_v so_o audacious_o presumptuous_a as_o to_o venture_v to_o wear_v this_o colour_n or_o the_o dragon_n unless_o he_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n it_o will_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o head_n such_o a_o offence_n be_v esteem_v criminal_a as_o treason_n and_o the_o offender_n will_v suffer_v as_o a_o traitor_n the_o royal_a palace_n have_v four_o gate_n towards_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n all_o that_o pass_v by_o these_o gate_n be_v oblige_v to_o alight_v whether_o on_o horseback_n or_o in_o a_o chair_n and_o to_o go_v on_o foot_n till_o they_o be_v beyond_o they_o this_o be_v do_v by_o all_o the_o chinese_n in_o general_a but_o much_o more_o orderly_a and_o with_o great_a reverence_n by_o the_o grandee_n for_o they_o perform_v this_o ceremony_n while_o they_o be_v yet_o at_o a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o court_n and_o this_o be_v due_o observe_v not_o only_o at_o peking_n the_o present_a imperial_a residence_n but_o also_o at_o nank_v the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n though_o of_o late_a year_n desert_v by_o the_o court._n the_o emperor_n oftentimes_o for_o some_o certain_a reason_n and_o cause_n best_o know_v to_o himself_o do_v confer_v title_n of_o honour_n upon_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n by_o a_o certain_a write_n formal_o draw_v up_o by_o his_o majesty_n philosopher_n they_o put_v a_o high_a value_n upon_o such_o a_o write_n and_o think_v nothing_o too_o much_o to_o give_v or_o do_v to_o purchase_v the_o same_o which_o once_o obtain_v they_o lie_v up_o careful_o for_o their_o posterity_n as_o a_o holy_a or_o sacred_a thing_n they_o likewise_o set_v a_o very_a high_a value_n and_o esteem_v upon_o other_o title_n which_o be_v express_v with_o two_o or_o three_o character_n and_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o widow_n that_o in_o their_o old_a age_n subject_n themselves_o again_o to_o matrimony_n or_o to_o any_o other_o extraordinary_a ancient_a people_n these_o mark_n of_o honour_n they_o hang_v over_o their_o door_n to_o be_v as_o a_o testimonial_a for_o they_o and_o when_o any_o magistrate_n have_v do_v their_o country_n good_a service_n statue_n of_o marble_n be_v erect_v in_o their_o honour_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o public_a whatsoever_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v rare_a of_o costly_a be_v send_v to_o the_o emperor_n at_o peking_n the_o magistrate_n whereof_o appear_v with_o far_o less_o state_n and_o magnificence_n abroad_o in_o the_o street_n than_o those_o of_o other_o place_n for_o unless_o it_o be_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o more_o noble_a the_o rest_n must_v only_o ride_v on_o horseback_n and_o not_o be_v carry_v in_o chair_n and_o whosoever_o be_v permit_v to_o keep_v a_o chair_n must_v use_v no_o more_o than_o four_o chait-man_n to_o carry_v he_o without_o the_o imperial_a city_n the_o magistrate_n thereof_o may_v appear_v abroad_o in_o a_o more_o glorious_a grandeur_n but_o their_o lowly_a demeanour_n at_o peking_n be_v do_v in_o submission_n to_o their_o sovereign_n there_o resident_a every_o four_o year_n at_o four_o distinct_a time_n all_o the_o emperor_n council_n assemble_v at_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o queen_n and_o there_o offer_v up_o rich_a and_o costly_a present_n with_o great_a humility_n
find_v guilty_a of_o robbery_n he_o be_v brand_v upon_o the_o arm_n with_o a_o hot_a iron_n with_o two_o character_n if_o the_o three_o time_n he_o be_v brand_v in_o the_o forehead_n but_o if_o he_o commit_v the_o like_a fault_n the_o four_o time_n he_o be_v then_o whip_v and_o banish_v this_o neglect_n of_o punish_v rogue_n for_o steal_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o china_n do_v swarm_v so_o very_a much_o with_o thief_n and_o vagrant_n but_o since_o the_o tartar_n have_v be_v conqueror_n of_o this_o empire_n they_o have_v with_o great_a prudence_n and_o strictness_n redress_v those_o abuse_n and_o put_v the_o law_n in_o force_n against_o all_o offender_n insomuch_o that_o when_o i_o be_v in_o china_n petty_a offence_n be_v make_v criminal_a for_o he_o that_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o least_o fault_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o sentence_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o one_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v his_o hand_n be_v bind_v behind_o he_o with_o a_o board_n upon_o his_o back_n whereon_o be_v write_v his_o offence_n and_o so_o bind_v he_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o sheriff_n into_o a_o open_a place_n according_a to_o custom_n either_o within_o or_o without_o the_o city_n and_o there_o he_o be_v behead_v without_o any_o further_a ceremony_n if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o be_v pardon_v and_o have_v their_o life_n spare_v they_o they_o be_v punish_v with_o that_o extreme_a severity_n that_o oftentimes_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o undergo_v the_o torture_n which_o they_o must_v suffer_v to_o preserve_v their_o life_n which_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n two_o lusty_a fellow_n be_v command_v to_o beat_v the_o criminal_a upon_o the_o calf_n of_o his_o leg_n till_o all_o the_o sinew_n and_o nerve_n be_v miserable_o tear_v and_o bruise_v if_o not_o break_v and_o this_o be_v their_o ordinary_a method_n of_o punishment_n which_o be_v inflict_v without_o any_o distinction_n of_o person_n now_o as_o the_o punishment_n be_v severe_a to_o prevent_v all_o disorder_n and_o robbery_n which_o stir_v up_o this_o severity_n there_o be_v strict_a watch_n keep_v every_o night_n in_o the_o street_n which_o go_v the_o round_n through_o the_o city_n at_o certain_a hour_n as_o the_o guard_n 〈◊〉_d use_v to_o do_v in_o the_o best_a govern_v city_n of_o europe_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o ceremony_n and_o manner_n of_o burial_n and_o of_o their_o tomb_n or_o monument_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o chineses_n may_v be_v compare_v in_o many_o thing_n which_o concern_v their_o manner_n of_o live_v with_o the_o philosopher_n and_o virtuoso_n of_o europe_n but_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o thing_n relate_v to_o funeral_n among_o which_o this_o may_v be_v reckon_v the_o first_o that_o those_o of_o europe_n seldom_o think_v of_o their_o mortality_n and_o so_o consequent_o take_v little_a or_o no_o care_n of_o their_o burial_n while_o they_o be_v live_v but_o the_o chineses_n be_v in_o nothing_o more_o serious_a and_o solicitous_a than_o to_o provide_v for_o their_o interment_n whilst_o they_o live_v and_o be_v in_o perfect_a health_n and_o that_o ignorance_n may_v be_v no_o excuse_n they_o put_v down_o in_o write_v how_o they_o will_v have_v the_o same_o perform_v strict_o charge_v their_o child_n upon_o their_o deathbed_n and_o and_o even_o at_o their_o last_o gasp_n to_o observe_v their_o order_n now_o there_o be_v one_o custom_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n inviolable_o observe_v which_o be_v never_o to_o bury_v any_o one_o without_o a_o coffin_n though_o it_o be_v a_o child_n but_o of_o two_o day_n old_a for_o every_o person_n according_a to_o his_o quality_n be_v lay_v into_o a_o coffin_n make_v of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o wood_n their_o ability_n will_v reach_v to_o but_o person_n of_o more_o eminency_n be_v at_o far_o great_a charge_n for_o a_o rich_a repository_n for_o their_o poor_a carcase_n the_o first_o ceremony_n they_o observe_v when_o they_o perceive_v the_o patient_n to_o lie_v a_o die_a be_v this_o they_o take_v he_o and_o lay_v he_o upon_o a_o mat_n carry_v he_o into_o the_o outward_a hall_n of_o the_o house_n there_o to_o breathe_v his_o last_o and_o this_o custom_n though_o it_o carry_v somewhat_o of_o barbarism_n in_o it_o be_v observe_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n by_o the_o commonalty_n but_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o can_v never_o learn_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o diligence_n of_o my_o curious_a and_o pry_a inquiry_n but_o among_o the_o better_a sort_n a_o person_n of_o equal_a quality_n with_o themselves_o be_v suffer_v to_o die_v in_o bed_n another_o fantastic_a humour_n here_o be_v whilst_o the_o sick_a party_n be_v breathe_v forth_o his_o last_o the_o elder_a of_o his_o son_n put_v on_o his_o bonnet_n or_o cap_n and_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n in_o a_o distract_a manner_n tear_v the_o curtain_n and_o cover_v therewith_o the_o dead_a body_n which_o after_o it_o have_v lie_v a_o convenient_a time_n be_v wash_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o wrap_v either_o in_o very_o fine_a linen_n or_o silk_n some_o be_v yet_o more_o extravagant_a and_o will_v dress_v out_o the_o corpse_n with_o new_a clothes_n and_o after_o they_o be_v embalm_v set_v they_o at_o a_o table_n well_o furnish_v with_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o this_o a_o great_a but_o not_o much_o commendable_a fashion_n among_o the_o grandee_n the_o near_a relation_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v invite_v to_o this_o solemn_a though_o mournful_a entertainment_n who_o entreat_v he_o to_o eat_v and_o be_v merry_a with_o they_o as_o if_o he_o be_v live_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o priest_n be_v busy_v in_o sing_v and_o perform_a the_o other_o usual_a ceremony_n as_o to_o the_o mourn_a habit_n it_o differ_v from_o all_o country_n that_o i_o have_v see_v not_o only_o for_o its_o colour_n which_o general_o be_v white_a but_o for_o the_o form_n and_o shape_n of_o it_o for_o son_n when_o they_o mourn_v for_o their_o father_n they_o clothe_v themselves_o for_o the_o first_o month_n in_o a_o course_n stiff_a habit_n hang_v down_o to_o their_o heel_n and_o tie_v about_o the_o middle_a with_o a_o cord_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o franciscan_a order_n but_o although_o they_o lie_v aside_o that_o habit_n then_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o constant_a custom_n for_o child_n to_o mourn_v three_o year_n for_o their_o parent_n the_o reason_n whereof_o they_o allege_v in_o their_o book_n to_o be_v this_o because_o that_o parent_n carry_v their_o child_n for_o the_o three_o first_o year_n of_o their_o infancy_n in_o their_o arm_n with_o great_a care_n and_o trouble_v and_o therefore_o the_o child_n ought_v to_o requite_v their_o affection_n and_o kindness_n by_o show_v their_o duty_n in_o mourn_v after_o this_o manner_n but_o the_o time_n of_o mourn_v for_o other_o friend_n be_v much_o abbreviate_v sometime_o it_o last_v a_o year_n otherwhiles_o but_o three_o month_n according_a as_o they_o stand_v relate_v or_o affect_v to_o one_o another_o the_o legal_a time_n of_o mourn_v for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n or_o empress_n be_v former_o three_o year_n and_o this_o outward_a show_n of_o sorrow_n extend_v even_o to_o the_o furthermost_a confine_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o now_o with_o the_o emperor_n consent_n which_o be_v open_o proclaim_v the_o month_n be_v turn_v into_o day_n so_o that_o at_o the_o present_a they_o mourn_v but_o only_o one_o month_n for_o his_o death_n but_o still_o the_o extent_n reach_v over_o all_o his_o dominion_n all_o the_o funeral_n ceremony_n be_v write_v in_o a_o large_a book_n which_o those_o concern_v peruse_v when_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n die_v whereby_o they_o know_v how_o to_o order_v his_o burial_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o nobleman_n be_v dead_a the_o son_n or_o who_o be_v next_o relate_v to_o he_o in_o blood_n signify_v the_o same_o by_o a_o book_n to_o all_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n wherein_o the_o mourn_a be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o usual_a term_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o corpse_n be_v incoffine_v and_o place_v in_o the_o hall_n or_o chamber_n which_o be_v hang_v with_o white_a linen_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o be_v erect_v a_o altar_n whereon_o be_v place_v the_o corpse_n and_o portraiture_n of_o the_o decease_a into_o this_o room_n come_v all_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n clad_v in_o mourn_v and_o bring_v incense_n and_o wax-light_n to_o the_o altar_n which_o be_v once_o light_v and_o burn_a they_o tender_v their_o respect_n to_o the_o dead_a in_o bow_v and_o fall_v upon_o their_o knee_n four_o time_n a_o while_n before_o burn_v a_o little_a incense_n over_o against_o the_o coffin_n and_o
that_o it_o be_v hear_v some_o mile_n distant_a in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n hard_a by_o the_o chief_a city_n nanchange_n be_v the_o mountain_n pechang_n which_o signify_v the_o mountain_n of_o a_o hundred_o rod_n because_o the_o water_n there_o run_v so_o far_o with_o great_a impetuousness_n in_o the_o river_n chuem_fw-la which_o run_v near_o to_o xunk_v through_o steep_a and_o cragged_a rock_n be_v thirty_o six_o great_a water-falls_a which_o continual_o roar_v with_o a_o most_o hideous_a noise_n near_o to_o the_o ten_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v a_o river_n call_v xemuen_v or_o heng_n which_o run_v with_o great_a boisterousness_n from_o a_o water-shoot_a that_o fall_v into_o it_o the_o river_n yao_n in_o its_o passage_n by_o the_o city_n liniao_n make_v so_o great_a a_o noise_n as_o if_o it_o thunder_v from_o the_o mountain_n of_o taye_n be_v cataract_n that_o fall_v with_o great_a force_n at_o least_o four_o hundred_o rods._n near_o to_o the_o city_n tau_n be_v so_o plentiful_a a_o water-fall_a that_o it_o have_v cause_v a_o mere_a or_o lake_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o choxang_n be_v a_o river_n call_v xangyung_a wherein_o be_v so_o great_a a_o fall_n of_o the_o water_n that_o when_o at_o any_o time_n a_o stone_n be_v but_o fling_v into_o it_o it_o cause_v rain_n and_o thunder_n which_o may_v well_o be_v esteem_v a_o prodigy_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hoeicheu_o lie_v the_o river_n singan_n which_o have_v at_o least_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o water-shoots_a fall_v into_o it_o between_o vale_n and_o rock_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o the_o city_n tingcheu_o be_v a_o river_n which_o run_v to_o jenp_v which_o have_v many_o of_o these_o water-falls_a and_o dangerous_a sand_n and_o rock_n insomuch_o that_o when_o any_o vessel_n sail_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n the_o skipper_n to_o avoid_v shipwreck_n fling_v out_o great_a bundle_n of_o straw_n beforehand_o which_o stop_v against_o the_o rock_n preserve_v the_o vessel_n that_o strike_v against_o they_o from_o beat_v themselves_o in_o piece_n near_o to_o the_o city_n kiegan_n lie_v the_o river_n can_v where_o the_o dangerous_a rock_n call_v xetapan_n take_v their_o rise_n it_o be_v very_o hazardous_a to_o sail_v down_o the_o river_n from_o this_o city_n by_o reason_n of_o blind_a cliff_n and_o sand_n which_o have_v destroy_v many_o vessel_n for_o the_o sand_n be_v not_o easy_o discoverable_a the_o river_n run_v with_o great_a swiftness_n over_o they_o and_o therefore_o whatever_o skipper_n sail_v that_o way_n take_v with_o they_o always_o a_o expert_a pilot_n from_o this_o city_n near_o to_o the_o city_n ce_fw-fr lie_v the_o river_n tan_n which_o signify_v red_a because_o the_o water_n thereof_o look_v like_o blood_n they_o report_v that_o this_o water_n be_v former_o very_o clear_a and_o white_a but_o that_o it_o receive_v this_o colour_n by_o mean_n of_o one_o pei_n a_o very_a faithful_a governor_n of_o his_o country_n who_o for_o some_o reason_n unknown_a kill_v himself_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o this_o river_n and_o ever_o since_o the_o water_n have_v retain_v a_o bloody_a tincture_n there_o run_v a_o river_n before_o the_o small_a city_n cuckoe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n call_v the_o river_n of_o pearl_n for_o that_o in_o the_o night_n it_o glitter_v and_o sparkle_v as_o if_o it_o be_v full_a of_o precious_a stone_n also_o before_o the_o city_n of_o jungcheu_fw-la run_v the_o river_n siang_n who_o water_n be_v of_o a_o crystal_n clearness_n so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v several_a fathom_n deep_a yet_o one_o may_v see_v plain_o any_o thing_n that_o lie_v at_o the_o bottom_n near_o to_o foam_v run_v a_o small_a river_n from_o the_o mountain_n talao_n the_o water_n whereof_o turn_v blue_a in_o harvest_n at_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n wash_v their_o clothes_n in_o the_o same_o to_o give_v they_o that_o colour_n which_o it_o do_v with_o as_o good_a effect_n as_o any_o artificial_a dyer_n can_v do_v the_o river_n kiemo_n near_o to_o paogan_n be_v say_v to_o have_v such_o a_o occult_a quality_n that_o it_o will_v bear_v no_o vessel_n of_o wood_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o come_v upon_o it_o it_o sink_v as_o sudden_o as_o if_o it_o vanish_v in_o the_o air._n the_o like_a be_v the_o river_n io_n near_o to_o kancheu_o which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o weak_a river_n because_o it_o will_v bear_v nothing_o that_o be_v heavy_a near_o to_o chingtien_n upon_o the_o mountain_n cucai_n be_v a_o small_a river_n who_o water_n be_v very_o sweet_a and_o well_o scent_v near_o to_o choxan_n be_v the_o river_n cungyang_n who_o water_n take_v spot_n and_o stain_n out_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o clothes_n and_o be_v so_o natural_o cool_v to_o the_o air_n that_o it_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o therefore_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n have_v build_v a_o palace_n over_o this_o river_n to_o which_o they_o frequent_o resort_v to_o avoid_v the_o extraordinary_a heat_n the_o river_n kinxa_n or_o the_o river_n of_o gold_n be_v so_o name_v because_o the_o inhabitant_n find_v great_a quantity_n thereof_o in_o the_o same_o near_o to_o the_o city_n pezan_n run_v the_o river_n vhe_fw-it but_o more_o peculiar_o call_v hoanglung_v that_o be_v the_o yellow_a dragon_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n fancy_n that_o they_o see_v a_o yellow_a dragon_n therein_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o race_n of_o hana_n the_o river_n siangyn_n which_o run_v before_o mielo_n be_v famous_a because_o it_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o feast_n tuonu_n which_o be_v observe_v and_o keep_v through_o all_o china_n upon_o the_o five_o day_n of_o the_o five_o month_n in_o memory_n of_o a_o certain_a faithful_a governor_n who_o drown_v himself_o in_o this_o river_n to_o prevent_v some_o traitor_n that_o be_v plot_v to_o take_v away_o his_o life_n he_o be_v a_o man_n well_o belove_v by_o the_o people_n over_o who_o he_o rule_v they_o to_o this_o day_n as_o a_o honour_n to_o his_o posterity_n and_o to_o continue_v his_o fame_n make_v great_a entertainment_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o vucheu_fw-la run_v the_o river_n lieufan_n from_o whence_o the_o chineses_n fetch_v the_o water_n which_o they_o use_v in_o hour-glass_n in_o stead_n of_o sand_n because_o this_o water_n be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o least_o subject_a to_o alteration_n either_o of_o time_n or_o weather_n near_o to_o kiegan_n be_v a_o river_n call_v scent_v which_o signify_v a_o pipe_n or_o flute_n because_o the_o water_n run_v very_o swift_a through_o cliff_n and_o stony_a place_n make_v a_o very_a musical_a and_o delightful_a noise_n near_o to_o xincheu_fw-la be_v the_o river_n xo_o which_o do_v infallible_o cure_v several_a sort_n of_o disease_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la run_v a_o river_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o course_n be_v call_v sometime_o i_o sometime_o cientang_n and_o in_o some_o place_n cingan_n this_o river_n cause_v upon_o the_o eighteen_o day_n of_o the_o eight_o month_n such_o a_o very_a high_a tide_n before_o this_o city_n that_o it_o extreme_o puzzle_v the_o philosopher_n themselves_o to_o find_v out_o the_o meaning_n or_o give_v the_o reason_n thereof_o for_o upon_o that_o day_n the_o water_n rise_v high_a than_o at_o any_o other_o time_n of_o the_o year_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o so_o very_o famous_a be_v this_o day_n that_o the_o whole_a city_n about_o four_o a_o clock_n make_v towards_o the_o river_n to_o behold_v the_o wonderful_a operation_n of_o spring_n wells_n and_o fountain_n in_o chint_v the_o four_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n lie_v a_o mere_a which_o have_v its_o rise_n from_o two_o spring_n the_o water_n of_o the_o one_o be_v very_o hot_a the_o other_o cold_a and_o yet_o they_o lie_v but_o at_o a_o small_a distance_n asunder_o upon_o the_o hill_n ganlo_n near_o to_o the_o city_n jungchang_n be_v a_o stone_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n nose_n and_o from_o his_o nostril_n arise_v two_o spring_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v warm_a the_o other_o cold_a in_o tengcheu_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n be_v a_o spring_n call_v hanuen_o which_o be_v a_o miracle_n in_o nature_n for_o it_o bubble_n forth_o water_v both_o hot_a and_o cold_a at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o separate_a and_o divide_v themselves_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o lincheng_n be_v a_o fountain_n as_o clear_a as_o crystal_n be_v scarce_o five_o foot_n deep_a yet_o the_o top_n thereof_o be_v very_o cold_a but_o the_o bottom_n so_o hot_a that_o there_o be_v no_o endure_v to_o touch_v it_o with_o one_o foot_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n be_v a_o spring_n the_o one_o half_n whereof_o be_v
night_n with_o light_n and_o catch_v abundance_n of_o they_o near_o the_o city_n fuencheu_o be_v the_o mountain_n vanhu_n which_o be_v repute_v the_o high_a of_o all_o hill_n and_o this_o name_n be_v give_v to_o it_o because_o ten_o thousand_o people_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o world_n get_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o this_o mountain_n to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o drown_v near_o to_o tingcheu_fw-la be_v a_o mountain_n call_v kin_n upon_o which_o be_v three_o pool_n which_o turn_v iron_n that_o be_v fling_v into_o they_o into_o copper_n immediate_o there_o be_v several_a other_o strange_a pool_n spring_n and_o well_n to_o be_v find_v in_o china_n some_o whereof_o be_v very_o sovereign_a for_o the_o cure_n of_o several_a distemper_n of_o the_o body_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o city_n caifung_a in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n lie_v a_o pool_n call_v kinning_n which_o the_o imperial_a race_n of_o sunga_n cause_v to_o be_v dig_v for_o the_o discipline_a and_o train_v up_o seaman_n to_o make_v they_o expert_a in_o sea-fights_a which_o be_v very_o much_o use_v by_o the_o emperor_n taicungus_n this_o pool_n be_v so_o very_o pleasant_a that_o round_o about_o the_o same_o be_v build_v several_a brave_a palace_n of_o the_o grandee_n beside_o divers_a idol-temple_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o chinese_n king_n and_o emperor_n which_o have_v govern_v in_o china_n before_o and_o since_o christ_n birth_n before_o i_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o people_n of_o china_n and_o the_o tartar_n i_o shall_v speak_v in_o short_a concern_v the_o genealogy_n of_o the_o king_n and_o emperor_n who_o have_v reign_v there_o before_o and_o since_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n first_o then_o observe_v that_o before_o christ_n birth_n between_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 2207._o and_o the_o year_n 2952._o eight_o hundred_o succeed_v one_o another_o in_o the_o government_n of_o that_o empire_n which_o take_v not_o the_o same_o by_o inheritance_n but_o after_o the_o death_n of_o one_o another_o be_v elect_v by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n but_o after_o that_o time_n the_o government_n become_v hereditary_a and_o the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o precede_a king_n succeed_v after_o his_o death_n the_o first_o eight_o elective_a king_n be_v fohius_n xinnungus_n hoangtius_n xaohavus_n chuenhious_a cous_fw-la yaus_fw-la and_o xunus_n all_o the_o transaction_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o eight_o elective_a king_n and_o the_o follow_v imperial_a race_n before_o and_o after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o doubt_a but_o firm_o believe_v by_o all_o the_o people_n in_o regard_n the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n be_v faithful_o transfer_v to_o posterity_n by_o the_o then_o chronologer_n for_o it_o have_v be_v a_o constant_a and_o without_o doubt_n a_o most_o laudable_a custom_n among_o they_o that_o the_o new_a emperor_n do_v appoint_v and_o order_v some_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a philosopher_n to_o write_v the_o deed_n and_o action_n of_o his_o predecessor_n at_o large_a without_o fraud_n or_o flattery_n out_o of_o this_o voluminous_a work_n which_o comprehend_v in_o general_a all_o the_o great_a transaction_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o chinese_n for_o ease_n of_o memory_n have_v make_v a_o extract_n or_o epitome_n of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a passage_n but_o as_o to_o what_o pass_v before_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n the_o chineses_n themselves_o be_v very_o doubtful_a because_o the_o book_n of_o those_o time_n be_v full_a of_o ridiculous_a story_n as_o well_o relate_v to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o people_n as_o the_o year_n of_o the_o governor_n for_o according_a to_o the_o fantastic_a belief_n of_o those_o writer_n the_o world_n must_v have_v be_v create_v some_o thousand_o of_o year_n before_o the_o flood_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o life_n and_o action_n of_o these_o eight_o emperor_n i_o shall_v in_o a_o few_o word_n declare_v what_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v feign_v to_o have_v have_v the_o rule_n over_o china_n before_o the_o government_n of_o fohius_n the_o first_o of_o they_o the_o chineses_n feign_v that_o the_o first_o man_n who_o they_o also_o own_o for_o their_o first_o governor_n be_v call_v puoncuus_fw-la and_o have_v his_o original_a out_o of_o a_o confuse_a lump_n as_o out_o of_o a_o egg_n though_o some_o of_o the_o more_o learned_a in_o europe_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o cainan_n or_o kenan_n the_o son_n of_o enos_n be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o with_o his_o follower_n people_v china_n and_o that_o from_o he_o they_o all_o have_v their_o rise_n they_o also_o add_v that_o this_o cainan_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o government_n when_o he_o be_v five_o hundred_o year_n old_a and_o that_o after_o he_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n govern_v those_o country_n and_o inhabitant_n as_o have_v be_v and_o shall_v be_v more_o full_o relate_v yet_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o this_o puoncuus_fw-la one_o tienhoangus_fw-la succeed_v in_o the_o government_n of_o who_o time_n a_o certain_a chinese_n historian_n speak_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d that_o time_n the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o degree_n introduce_v good_a manner_n and_o teach_v the_o people_n be_v then_o very_o decible_a civility_n and_o morality_n but_o especial_o when_o the_o great_a dragon_n be_v kill_v which_o have_v molest_v the_o whole_a world_n by_o mingle_v heaven_n and_o earth_n together_o after_o his_o death_n every_o thing_n receive_v a_o more_o illustrious_a form_n and_o dignity_n after_o he_o they_o say_v succeed_v one_o thâ—angus_n who_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n distinguish_v the_o day_n and_o night_n by_o name_n and_o order_v every_o month_n to_o consist_v of_o thirty_o day_n when_o he_o be_v decease_v they_o write_v that_o nine_o other_o prince_n succeed_v but_o they_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a both_o of_o their_o name_n and_o action_n after_o these_o nine_o follow_v according_a to_o their_o legend_n ginhoangus_fw-la with_o nine_o more_o of_o his_o family_n he_o divide_v the_o country_n into_o nine_o part_n whereof_o one_o be_v give_v to_o the_o people_n to_o inhabit_v and_o the_o other_o eight_o he_o appoint_v for_o husbandry_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o bring_v the_o people_n who_o at_o first_o as_o wild_a and_o uncivilise_v live_v disperse_v to_o bring_v their_o habitation_n near_o together_o though_o yet_o they_o have_v no_o house_n his_o reign_n they_o say_v be_v a_o golden_a age_n for_o the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o fruit_n of_o itself_o without_o much_o labour_n this_o prince_n care_v for_o his_o subject_n with_o more_o than_o a_o fatherly_a love_n who_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n honour_v and_o serve_v he_o as_o dutiful_a child_n obey_v their_o father_n after_o he_o follow_v one_o yeus_n who_o instruct_v the_o people_n that_o have_v long_o live_v in_o holes_n and_o cave_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o make_v hut_n and_o little_a edifice_n of_o wood_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o fury_n of_o wild_a beast_n for_o till_o this_o time_n they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o most_o thing_n useful_a for_o the_o support_n and_o sustenance_n of_o life_n for_o they_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o husbandry_n nor_o know_v how_o to_o strike_v fire_n wherewith_o either_o to_o dress_v their_o victual_n â—r_o to_o refresh_v the_o body_n but_o they_o live_v only_o upon_o wild_a herb_n and_o fruit_n and_o devour_v the_o raw_a flesh_n of_o wild_a creature_n and_o drink_v their_o blood_n go_v for_o the_o most_o naked_a or_o at_o the_o best_a wear_v only_o the_o undress_v skin_n of_o some_o wild_a creature_n they_o have_v kill_v about_o some_o part_n of_o their_o body_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o yeus_n sujus_fw-la reign_v who_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o astrology_n he_o teach_v that_o there_o be_v five_o element_n as_o metal_n wood_n earth_n and_o fire_n which_o last_o he_o observe_v in_o the_o air._n he_o be_v also_o the_o first_o that_o make_v the_o discovery_n of_o fire_n by_o rub_v one_o piece_n of_o wood_n against_o another_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o money_n or_o coin_n either_o silver_n or_o gold_n in_o his_o day_n but_o they_o exchange_v commodity_n for_o commodity_n by_o way_n of_o barter_n thus_o far_o their_o hardly-believed_a history_n proceed_v which_o whether_o true_a or_o false_a shall_v be_v no_o task_n for_o i_o to_o discover_v but_o leave_v they_o as_o they_o be_v i_o shall_v return_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n beforementioned_a the_o first_o whereof_o be_v fohius_n who_o the_o chineses_n call_v thiensu_fw-la that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o heaven_n and_o by_o this_o title_n they_o still_o call_v all_o their_o emperor_n they_o say_v and_o haply_o believe_v it_o that_o he_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o world_n by_o his_o mother_n
that_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v found_v they_o anew_o he_o appoint_v a_o court_n and_o house_n for_o the_o read_n of_o the_o law_n beautify_v and_o adorn_v hospital_n and_o place_n of_o receipt_n over_o and_o above_o these_o exercise_n of_o our_o holy_a law_n he_o be_v very_o much_o give_v to_o work_n of_o charity_n every_o year_n call_v together_o the_o four_o priest_n of_o the_o church_n to_o who_o he_o cordial_o perform_v all_o office_n of_o love_n and_o service_n he_o provide_v they_o with_o all_o necessary_a thing_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fifty_o day_n he_o feed_v such_o as_o be_v hungry_a clothe_v such_o as_o be_v naked_a take_v care_n of_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a and_o weak_a and_o bury_v the_o dead_a 15._o in_o the_o time_n of_o ta_o so_o there_o be_v no_o such_o goodness_n hear_v of_o with_o all_o his_o parsimony_n this_o ta_o so_o be_v a_o bonzius_n a_o pagan_a kind_n of_o priest_n who_o in_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o bonzii_n wherein_o be_v to_o be_v consult_v concern_v the_o affair_n of_o their_o sect_n he_o undertake_v the_o office_n of_o receive_v stranger_n and_o procure_v every_o one_o all_o thing_n necessary_a therefore_o the_o author_n in_o handle_v the_o work_n of_o charity_n of_o oy_o â—ie_v place_n he_o before_o ta_o so_o but_o although_o this_o be_v a_o time_n in_o which_o the_o gospel_n be_v preach_v yet_o we_o see_v there_o be_v man_n void_a of_o good_a work_n wherefore_o that_o such_o heroic_a and_o noble_a deed_n may_v be_v declare_v and_o set_v in_o open_a view_n i_o have_v cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v engrave_v upon_o this_o great_a stone_n 16._o i_o say_v therefore_o that_o the_o true_a god_n be_v without_o any_o beginning_n pure_a peaceable_a and_o unchangeable_a he_o be_v the_o first_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n he_o discover_v the_o earth_n and_o lift_v up_o the_o heaven_n one_o of_o the_o person_n for_o the_o eternal_a salvation_n of_o mankind_n be_v make_v man_n he_o ascend_v into_o heaven_n like_o the_o sun_n destroy_v darkness_n and_o in_o all_o thing_n establish_v a_o profound_a verity_n 17._o this_o most_o glorious_a king_n who_o most_o true_o be_v the_o chief_a king_n of_o king_n takes_z away_o all_o difficulty_n use_v his_o own_o time_n the_o heaven_n be_v stretch_v out_o and_o the_o earth_n extend_v most_o noble_a be_v our_o gospel_n bring_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tamburlaine_n assert_v knowledge_n erect_v church_n and_o be_v both_o to_o the_o live_n and_o the_o dead_a as_o a_o refuge_n or_o guide_n and_o which_o exalt_v all_o felicity_n restore_v peace_n to_o the_o whole_a universe_n 18._o cao_n cum_fw-la continue_v in_o the_o footstep_n of_o his_o grandfather_n church_n give_v his_o mind_n to_o the_o new_a build_n of_o church_n so_o that_o with_o their_o loftiness_n and_o magnificence_n they_o fill_v the_o land_n but_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o law_n be_v its_o great_a beauty_n he_o bestow_v on_o the_o bishop_n a_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o the_o people_n enjoy_v a_o mirthful_a peace_n without_o any_o irksome_a toil._n 19_o the_o wise_a king_n ni_fw-fr when_fw-mi cum_fw-la understand_v how_o to_o persevere_v in_o the_o true_a and_o right_a way_n the_o table_n of_o the_o king_n be_v magnificent_a and_o illustrious_a the_o royal_a grant_n therein_o flourish_v and_o be_v resplendent_a their_o figure_n glitter_v all_o the_o people_n high_o reverence_v they_o all_o thing_n be_v improve_v and_o from_o hence_o all_o enjoy_v the_o perfection_n of_o happiness_n 20._o this_o king_n so_o come_v then_o reign_v come_v to_o the_o church_n in_o proper_a person_n the_o sun_n of_o sanctity_n shine_v and_o the_o enlighten_v cloud_n dispel_v darkness_n and_o obscurity_n thus_o felicity_n be_v accumulate_v in_o the_o king_n house_n all_o vice_n be_v banish_v and_o our_o empire_n restore_v by_o the_o take_n away_o of_o dissension_n 21._o the_o king_n tai_n cum_fw-la fu_fw-la be_v obedient_a for_o virtue_n he_o may_v compare_v with_o the_o heaven_n and_o earth_n he_o add_v as_o it_o be_v a_o life_n to_o the_o people_n and_o make_v all_o thing_n thrive_v he_o send_v sweet_a perfume_n for_o the_o give_v of_o thanks_o and_o exercise_v work_n of_o charity_n the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n be_v unite_v in_o one_o person_n that_o be_v all_o fly_v to_o perform_v their_o duty_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o 22._o the_o king_n kien_fw-fr cum_fw-la be_v settle_v in_o the_o government_n show_v himself_o most_o virtuous_a he_o pacify_v the_o four_o sea_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n he_o illustrate_v ten_o thousand_o in_o his_o confine_n by_o literature_n illuminate_v the_o secret_n of_o man_n like_o a_o candle_n and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o looking-glass_n see_v all_o thing_n revive_v the_o whole_a world_n so_o that_o even_o barbarous_a people_n take_v from_o his_o example_n a_o rule_n to_o live_v by_o 23._o o_o how_o great_a how_o perfect_a and_o extend_v itself_o to_o all_o thing_n be_v this_o law_n will_v to_o give_v a_o name_n thereto_o i_o can_v call_v it_o no_o other_o than_o the_o divine_a law_n former_a king_n be_v not_o to_o seek_v how_o to_o dispose_v of_o their_o affair_n i_o a_o vassal_n be_o only_o able_a to_o declare_v they_o and_o therefore_o i_o erect_v this_o most_o precious_a and_o wealthy_a stone_n to_o be_v the_o proclaimer_n of_o this_o exccee_a felicity_n 24._o in_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o this_o kien_fw-fr cum_fw-la in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 782._o on_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o the_o autumnal_a month_n be_v sunday_n or_o to_o say_v better_o the_o lord_n day_n this_o stone_n be_v erect_v he_o ciu_o be_v then_o bishop_n of_o the_o chinese_n church_n the_o mandorin_n by_o name_n lieu_fw-fr sieci_fw-fr yon_o but_o by_o title_n ciao_n y_fw-fr cum_fw-la or_o as_o other_o chio_n y_o lamb_n in_o which_o office_n before_o he_o be_v tai_n cieu_o sie_n sum_o can_v kiun_n make_v this_o inscription_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o this_o be_v the_o explication_n of_o the_o inscription_n engrave_v on_o the_o stone_n in_o which_o this_o true_o be_v worthy_a of_o great_a admiration_n that_o the_o relation_n of_o so_o great_a a_o variety_n and_o multiplicity_n of_o affair_n and_o thing_n as_o this_o stone_n contain_v can_v be_v comprise_v in_o so_o narrow_a a_o space_n and_o write_v with_o so_o few_o as_o eighteen_o thousand_o character_n of_o this_o write_n there_o be_v a_o double_a interpretation_n make_v this_o present_a be_v most_o conformable_a to_o that_o which_o be_v make_v at_o peking_n and_o afterward_o again_o by_o p._n michael_n boim_n expose_v from_o the_o chinese_n exemplar_n be_v indeed_o more_o elegant_a and_o proper_a and_o likewise_o more_o conformable_a to_o the_o chinese_n language_n and_o although_o for_o that_o cause_n it_o seem_v less_o polite_a in_o our_o tongue_n yet_o nevertheless_o be_v it_o most_o eloquent_a and_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o phrase_n and_o style_n of_o the_o chinese_n speech_n be_v by_o such_o as_o profess_v themselves_o master_n in_o the_o understanding_n of_o that_o tongue_n judge_v the_o most_o deserve_a praise_n of_o all_o other_o now_o it_o be_v collect_v from_o this_o monument_n that_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n be_v above_o a_o thousand_o year_n ago_o bring_v into_o china_n also_o with_o what_o reverence_n and_o honour_n it_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o emperor_n how_o and_o through_o what_o vast_a province_n it_o be_v preach_v how_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n wherein_o it_o chief_o flourish_v it_o be_v spread_v abroad_o what_o persecution_n it_o twice_o suffer_v and_o how_o by_o little_a and_o little_a it_o be_v so_o suppress_v that_o unless_o the_o remembrance_n have_v be_v preserve_v in_o this_o monument_n no_o footstep_n thereof_o can_v have_v be_v trace_v for_o in_o all_o the_o chinese_n chronicle_n beside_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n and_o mandorin_n that_o then_o live_v there_o be_v hardly_o any_o mention_n of_o it_o or_o any_o other_o matter_n of_o those_o time_n and_o this_o stone_n be_v find_v a_o few_o year_n before_o the_o father_n of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n arrive_v in_o china_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o such_o sublime_a and_o notable_a thing_n be_v only_o reserve_v to_o they_o who_o be_v eminent_o instruct_v in_o the_o science_n as_o well_o of_o humane_a as_o divine_a matter_n be_v to_o become_v the_o preacher_n and_o propagator_n of_o the_o same_o law_n and_o doctrine_n almost_o obliterated_a by_o the_o all-devouring_a tooth_n of_o time_n and_o this_o may_v suffice_v concern_v the_o inscription_n in_o the_o chinese_n language_n chap._n iii_o a_o interpretation_n of_o the_o syriack_n name_v inscribe_v upon_o the_o monument_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o inscription_n that_o be_v ensculp_v on_o the_o margin_n which_o see_v it_o have_v
the_o chinese_n tongue_n and_o the_o italian_a translate_v from_o the_o portuguese_n place_n the_o year_n of_o the_o erection_n of_o this_o stone_n in_o the_o year_n 782._o after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n but_o the_o syriack_n inscription_n fix_v the_o time_n according_a to_o the_o compute_v of_o the_o grecian_n at_o the_o year_n 1092._o which_o how_o different_a it_o be_v from_o the_o other_o account_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v discover_v by_o any_o one_o now_o that_o all_o these_o particular_n may_v be_v the_o better_o reconcile_v and_o this_o knot_n also_o unloose_v i_o think_v it_o requisite_a first_o to_o set_v down_o word_n for_o word_n the_o translation_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a inscription_n thus_o the_o portuguese_n have_v it_o no_o nosso_fw-it potentado_n do_fw-mi grande_n tam_fw-la segundo_fw-la anno_fw-la deste_fw-fr kien_fw-fr cium_o que_fw-fr eram_fw-la do_v senhor_n 782._o no_o mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr autuno_n no_o settimo_fw-la dia_z dia_z de_fw-fr domingo_n foy_fw-fr allevantada_n esta_fw-es pedra_fw-fr sendo_fw-la bispo_n nim_n ciu_o que_fw-fr governa_fw-la a_o igreia_n china_n thus_o the_o italian_a nell_n nostro_fw-la potentato_fw-it del_fw-it grand_fw-mi tam_fw-la secondo_fw-la adno_fw-la di_fw-it questo_fw-la kien_n cium_o che_fw-it erano_fw-it del_fw-it signore_fw-la 782._o nel_fw-it mese_fw-it di_fw-it autunno_n nel_fw-it settimo_fw-la giorno_fw-la giorno_fw-la di_fw-it dominica_n fu_fw-la inalzata_fw-la questa_fw-la pietra_fw-la essendo_fw-la vescovo_fw-la nim_n ciu_o che_fw-it governa_fw-la la_fw-it chiesa_fw-la della_fw-it china_n the_o italian_a version_n be_v thus_o in_o our_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a tamburlaine_n the_o second_o year_n of_o this_o kien_fw-fr cium_o which_o be_v of_o our_o lord_n 782._o in_o the_o month_n of_o autumn_n on_o the_o seven_o day_n upon_o the_o sunday_n this_o monument_n be_v erect_v nim_n ciu_o being_n bishop_n who_o be_v over_o the_o church_n of_o china_n the_o interpretation_n of_o both_o of_o they_o be_v this_o in_o our_o potency_n of_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n viz._n the_o king_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o this_o kien_fw-fr cium_o which_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 782._o in_o the_o month_n of_o autumn_n on_o the_o seven_o day_n be_v the_o lord_n day_n this_o stone_n be_v erect_v nim_n ciu_o the_o bishop_n govern_v the_o church_n of_o china_n the_o syriack_n inscription_n bisnat_fw-la alf_n we_o tissain_v we_o tarten_v diunoio_n that_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1092._o according_a to_o the_o grecian_a account_n now_o see_v the_o eastern_a or_o the_o greek_a church_n do_v agree_v for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o the_o latin_a in_o the_o compute_v of_o their_o year_n it_o be_v demand_v after_o what_o manner_n these_o year_n may_v be_v reconcile_v i_o answer_v therefore_o that_o this_o monument_n be_v mark_v or_o sculp_v with_o a_o twofold_a kind_n of_o computation_n of_o the_o year_n use_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a promulger_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n viz._n one_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a account_n of_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n which_o the_o faithful_a christian_n 〈◊〉_d where_o use_n in_o china_n the_o other_o be_v a_o politic_a or_o civil_a year_n which_o be_v common_a to_o the_o syrian_n chaldean_n arabian_n egyptian_n and_o almost_o to_o the_o whole_a east_n which_o that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v you_o must_v observe_v that_o the_o year_n of_o the_o grecian_n of_o which_o the_o book_n of_o the_o maccabee_n make_v mention_v be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o that_o be_v otherwise_o call_v by_o the_o chaldean_n the_o year_n of_o the_o seleâ—cians_n syrogrecians_a or_o syro-macedonians_a but_o by_o the_o hebrew_n the_o year_n of_o contract_n and_o by_o the_o egyptian_o the_o alexandrian_a year_n or_o the_o account_n from_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o alexander_n by_o the_o arabian_n they_o be_v term_v dhul_n karnain_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v of_o alexander_n hold_v of_o two_o horn_n and_o they_o therefore_o call_v he_o so_o either_o as_o christmannus_n will_v have_v it_o because_o that_o he_o subdue_v both_o the_o oriental_a and_o occidental_a part_n of_o the_o world_n or_o as_o i_o suppose_v more_o probable_o from_o jupiter_n ammon_n who_o be_v figure_v with_o the_o head_n of_o a_o ram_n who_o son_n alexander_n will_v be_v esteem_v or_o in_o relation_n unto_o the_o he-goat_n unto_o which_o daniel_n compare_v he_o or_o last_o they_o be_v call_v the_o year_n of_o philip_n which_o i_o have_v show_v above_o to_o be_v call_v by_o albategnius_n tarich_n alkupti_fw-la and_o the_o epocha_n of_o those_o year_n begin_v 12_o year_n complete_a after_o the_o decease_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a as_o st._n hierome_n observe_v out_o of_o eusebius_n on_o daniel_n cap._n 9_o who_o be_v follow_v herein_o by_o ribera_n torniellus_n and_o other_o now_o although_o before_o julius_n caesar_n these_o year_n seem_v to_o have_v have_v another_o form_n and_o another_o beginning_n of_o their_o month_n yet_o notwithstanding_o by_o the_o common_a supputation_n they_o take_v their_o entrance_n from_o the_o calends_o of_o october_n the_o name_n of_o the_o month_n be_v either_o greek_a or_o syro-chaldean_a in_o other_o respect_v they_o agree_v with_o the_o quantity_n and_o form_n of_o the_o julian_n year_n only_o that_o the_o intercalary_n day_n be_v add_v in_o this_o epocha_n or_o account_n unto_o the_o month_n saboth_v which_o be_v answerable_a unto_o our_o month_n of_o february_n these_o thing_n be_v note_v beforehand_o we_o place_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o grecian_a empire_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o eusebius_n scaliger_n and_o other_o in_o the_o year_n current_n before_o the_o year_n of_o the_o christian_a epocha_n or_o account_n 310._o in_o the_o 117_o the_o olympiad_n according_a unto_o the_o chronicle_n of_o alexandria_n for_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o all_o that_o alexander_n the_o great_a die_v in_o that_o very_a year_n in_o which_o the_o 114_o the_o olympiad_n begin_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o month_n hecatombaeon_n as_o plutarch_n write_v viz._n before_o the_o christian_a account_n 322._o for_o christ_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o the_o 194_o the_o olympiad_n consider_v exclusive_o therefore_o the_o year_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o grecian_n beginning_n or_o take_v place_n from_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 310._o go_n on_o do_v differ_v so_o that_o the_o year_n 310_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o grecian_n begin_v from_o the_o first_o year_n of_o christ_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o if_o you_o add_v 310_o unto_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n propose_v the_o beginning_n year_n of_o alexander_n will_v arise_v in_o the_o very_a year_n of_o christ_n that_o be_v current_a or_o go_v on_o and_o if_o you_o subtract_v 310_o from_o the_o year_n of_o alexander_n the_o year_n of_o christ_n remain_v in_o which_o that_o year_n of_o alexander_n be_v discover_v and_o final_o if_o the_o year_n of_o alexander_n be_v substract_v from_o 310._o the_o number_n remain_v will_v show_v the_o year_n before_o the_o christian_a epocha_n or_o account_n in_o which_o the_o year_n of_o the_o grecian_n begin_v or_o in_o which_o the_o aera_fw-la or_o compute_v of_o alexander_n have_v its_o beginning_n which_o compute_v the_o arabian_n and_o egyptian_n call_v tarich_n dhul_n karnain_n this_o be_v thus_o demonstrate_v if_o you_o subtract_v 310_o which_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o year_n of_o alexander_n from_o the_o grecian_a or_o alexandrian_a year_n 1092._o that_o be_v engrave_v in_o syriack_n character_n on_o the_o stone_n there_o will_v remain_v 782._o which_o be_v the_o year_n of_o christ_n ensculp_v on_o the_o stone_n in_o chinesian_a character_n exact_o answer_v to_o the_o syrogrecian_a or_o alexandrian_a year_n a_o paradigma_n of_o the_o compute_v or_o account_n alexander_n the_o great_a die_v according_a to_o plutarch_n olymp._n 114_o a._n after_o who_o death_n as_o st._n hierome_n witness_v twelve_o year_n be_v complete_v the_o alexandrian_a epocha_n begin_v viz._n olymp._n 117_o b._n nâ—w_v christ_n be_v bear_v the_o three_o year_n exclusive_o viz._n olymp._n 194_o c._n the_o stone_n be_v erect_v in_o the_o alexandrian_a year_n 1092_o d._n and_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 782._o e._n this_o be_v thus_o lay_v down_o subtract_v the_o number_n b._n from_o the_o number_n c._n and_o you_o have_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a olympiad_n viz._n 77_o olympiad_n which_o be_v reduce_v into_o year_n each_o olympiad_n consist_v of_o four_o year_n the_o product_n will_v be_v 308._o and_o unto_o those_o add_v the_o two_o year_n complete_v of_o the_o olympiad_n in_o which_o christ_n be_v bear_v and_o they_o will_v make_v 310._o which_o be_v substract_v from_o 1092._o there_o remain_v e._n the_o number_n of_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n in_o which_o the_o stone_n be_v erect_v wherefore_o with_o good_a advisement_n they_o engrave_v this_o twofold_a computation_n of_o time_n upon_o this_o stone_n that_o so_o such_o
stranger_n as_o understand_v not_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n may_v here_o find_v that_o of_o alexander_n which_o extend_v far_o and_o with_o which_o perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v better_o acquaint_v from_o hence_o it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o the_o syrian_a or_o chaldean_a tongue_n in_o those_o time_n be_v common_a to_o the_o church_n of_o syria_n palestine_n egypt_n and_o babylon_n yea_o peculiar_a to_o they_o in_o christ_n time_n so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o the_o gospel_n of_o christ_n immediate_o after_o the_o travel_n of_o the_o apostle_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v carry_v not_o only_o into_o the_o most_o remote_a region_n of_o the_o east_n but_o also_o into_o the_o adjacent_a region_n of_o babylon_n egypt_n and_o ethiopia_n where_o as_o if_o in_o the_o native_a birth-place_n of_o the_o church_n the_o syrian_a or_o chaldean_a tongue_n take_v such_o root_n that_o it_o be_v thereby_o spread_v throughout_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o and_o the_o utmost_a region_n of_o china_n but_o of_o this_o more_o in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n of_o the_o various_a voyage_n and_o travel_n undertake_v into_o china_n part_n ii_o chap._n i._n by_o who_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o holy_a gospel_n of_o christ_n be_v at_o divers_a time_n introduce_v into_o the_o uttermost_a region_n of_o the_o east_n into_o india_n tartary_n china_n and_o other_o country_n of_o asia_n see_v that_o at_o this_o very_a day_n in_o india_n china_n and_o other_o region_n of_o asia_n there_o be_v yet_o remain_v frequent_a footstep_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n as_o i_o have_v show_v even_o now_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v worth_a while_n if_o have_v explain_v the_o syro-chaldean_a monument_n find_v in_o china_n i_o now_o give_v a_o brief_a account_n by_o what_o way_n and_o occasion_n these_o apostolical_a person_n penetrate_v into_o those_o most_o remote_a quarter_n of_o the_o world_n for_o have_v accomplish_v this_o it_o will_v clear_o appear_v that_o at_o all_o time_n syria_n egypt_n and_o grecia_n have_v be_v a_o seminary_n not_o only_o of_o promote_a the_o christian_a religion_n in_o the_o far_o distant_a region_n but_o also_o before_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n they_o be_v the_o propagator_n of_o all_o superstition_n throughout_o the_o world_n and_o that_o i_o may_v proceed_v with_o the_o more_o clearness_n in_o a_o matter_n so_o abstruse_a i_o shall_v first_o here_o set_v down_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o concern_v they_o so_o that_o those_o thing_n be_v discuss_v it_o may_v more_o evident_o appear_v what_o ought_v to_o be_v resolve_v concern_v the_o matter_n propose_v first_o therefore_o there_o be_v some_o person_n who_o assert_v that_o these_o colony_n of_o the_o christian_n first_o of_o all_o enter_v china_n and_o the_o other_o region_n of_o asia_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o that_o great_a asiatic_a emperor_n usual_o term_v presbyter_n john_n but_o then_o again_o see_v that_o this_o be_v a_o great_a controversy_n among_o author_n concern_v this_o emperor_n and_o the_o situation_n quality_n and_o condition_n of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o empire_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n allege_v something_o concern_v this_o prince_n and_o his_o dominion_n for_o the_o more_o clear_a explication_n of_o the_o matter_n or_o subject_n albeit_o i_o have_v already_o treat_v of_o the_o same_o in_o my_o prodromus_n coptus_fw-la who_o be_v that_o famous_a presbyter_n john_n and_o whether_o there_o ever_o be_v such_o a_o emmperor_n now_o therefore_o as_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n be_v at_o first_o call_v pharaoh_n and_o afterward_o ptolemyes_n those_o of_o mauritania_n seriphii_fw-la those_o of_o the_o persian_n former_o xerxes_n artaxerxes_n and_o now_o sophi_n so_o the_o name_n of_o presbyter_n john_n have_v now_o for_o a_o long_a time_n denote_v the_o dignity_n of_o some_o christian_a prince_n who_o dominion_n be_v place_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o most_o know_a person_n not_o among_o the_o ethiopian_n or_o in_o any_o part_n of_o africa_n as_o some_o false_o suppose_v but_o in_o the_o continent_n of_o asia_n yet_o in_o what_o place_n he_o rule_v be_v not_o exact_o know_v now_o some_o writer_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v the_o king_n of_o cathay_n inhabit_v have_v thereby_o render_v the_o matter_n more_o doubtful_a see_v it_o have_v be_v discover_v in_o these_o latter_a year_n that_o all_o cathay_n belong_v unto_o china_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o city_n or_o territory_n call_v by_o this_o name_n that_o be_v now_o find_v without_o the_o bound_n of_o china_n and_o in_o this_o all_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n who_o have_v continue_v in_o china_n for_o many_o year_n do_v agree_v who_o be_v person_n very_o well_o skilled_a in_o geographical_a knowledge_n as_o matthew_n riccius_fw-la nicholas_n trigautius_n alvarus_n samedus_n michael_n boiâ—_n martin_n martinius_n john_n gruberus_n and_o john_n adam_n that_o great_a mandorin_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n and_o last_o benedict_n go_v of_o the_o same_o society_n who_o by_o order_n from_o his_o superior_n travel_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o magor_n purposely_o to_o find_v out_o cathay_n by_o a_o land-voyage_n i_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v not_o far_o wide_a of_o the_o truth_n that_o beside_o that_o portion_n of_o land_n which_o by_o the_o name_n of_o cathay_n be_v find_v by_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o china_n there_o be_v another_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n much_o large_a conterminate_a on_o the_o north_n and_o west_n unto_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n but_o see_v that_o all_o that_o region_n without_o the_o wall_n of_o china_n be_v a_o desert_n almost_o of_o two_o month_n travel_n incultivate_v and_o destitute_a of_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o region_n of_o china_n in_o latter_a time_n as_o be_v very_o much_o manure_v and_o abound_v in_o all_o thing_n may_v proper_o be_v call_v cathay_n and_o that_o the_o desert_n at_o this_o day_n call_v kalmuk_n and_o the_o region_n confine_v on_o it_o without_o the_o wall_n in_o former_a age_n have_v the_o name_n of_o cathay_n the_o desert_n in_o the_o adjoin_a kingdom_n of_o which_o that_o same_o presbyter_n john_n of_o who_o even_o now_o we_o treat_v rule_v in_o the_o day_n of_o our_o ancestor_n marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n term_v it_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n the_o holy_a scripture_n as_o arias_n montanus_n will_v have_v it_o gog_n and_o magog_n concern_v which_o thus_o write_v sibylla_n heu_fw-la tibi_fw-la gogque_fw-la magogque_fw-la aliisque_fw-la ex_fw-la ordine_fw-la cunctis_fw-la marson_n atque_fw-la angon_n tibi_fw-la quot_fw-la mala_fw-la fata_fw-la propinquant_fw-la now_o that_o this_o be_v the_o scythian_a cathay_n be_v show_v by_o the_o arabic_a geographer_n throughout_o the_o four_o entire_a last_o climate_n where_o he_o describe_v it_o to_o abound_v in_o man_n animal_n and_o mineral_n flourish_v with_o christian_n meer_v and_o enclose_v with_o the_o vast_a extend_a skirt_n of_o caucasus_n call_v jagog_n and_o magog_n thus_o the_o arabian_a geographer_n in_o his_o nine_o part_n climate_n 5._o line_n 21._o his_o word_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n as_o i_o have_v translate_v they_o out_o of_o the_o arabic_a from_o the_o mansion_n gerrada_n to_o the_o city_n tahamet_n on_o the_o south_n quarter_n be_v four_o leucae_n whereof_o one_o make_v twenty_o five_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n geerada_n even_o unto_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v call_v caucasus_n be_v seven_o day_n travel_v and_o this_o mountain_n encompass_v the_o region_n of_o jagog_n and_o magog_n it_o have_v such_o craggy_a and_o difficult_a side_n that_o none_o can_v ascend_v it_o and_o if_o any_o one_o do_v attempt_v it_o he_o can_v never_o arrive_v at_o the_o top_n be_v obstruct_v by_o continual_a snow_n congeal_v into_o ice_n which_o because_o they_o be_v never_o dissolve_v represent_v the_o similude_n of_o a_o mist_n or_o thick_a cloud_n perpetual_o fix_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountainous_a caucasian_n rock_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o mountain_n be_v many_o city_n of_o jagog_n and_o magog_n and_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o region_n out_o of_o a_o certain_a curiosity_n ascend_v some_o part_n of_o it_o to_o discover_v what_o be_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o what_o be_v beyond_o but_o many_o never_a return_n either_o because_o they_o be_v devour_v by_o wild_a beast_n or_o take_v by_o the_o transmountainer_n but_o some_o that_o have_v return_v safe_a relate_v that_o in_o the_o region_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n in_o the_o night_n be_v many_o fire_n but_o in_o the_o day_n nothing_o else_o but_o a_o thick_a cloud_n mix_v with_o darkness_n be_v discover_v also_o in_o the_o seven_o part_n of_o the_o same_o climate_n line_n 34._o he_o add_v in_o these_o region_n many_o christian_n or_o nazaraean_o do_v
same_o mistake_n by_o which_o he_o call_v tiger_n lion_n notwithstanding_o here_o be_v none_o to_o be_v find_v nor_o almost_o in_o all_o asia_n except_o you_o will_v have_v he_o to_o be_v understand_v not_o only_o to_o comprehend_v the_o bridge_n that_o be_v both_o within_o the_o city_n and_o without_o in_o the_o suburb_n but_o also_o those_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o then_o indeed_o their_o number_n which_o otherwise_o will_v hardly_o gain_v credit_n among_o we_o may_v easy_o be_v augment_v there_o be_v so_o vast_a a_o abundance_n of_o bridge_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n every_o where_o to_o be_v find_v for_o the_o great_a confirmation_n of_o this_o matter_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n of_o forty_o italian_a mile_n which_o they_o call_v sihu_n which_o although_o it_o be_v not_o within_o the_o wall_n yet_o it_o do_v encompass_v it_o for_o a_o large_a space_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o south_n and_o many_o channel_n be_v draw_v from_o it_o into_o the_o city_n moreover_o the_o bank_n or_o shore_n of_o it_o on_o every_o side_n be_v so_o beset_v with_o temple_n monastery_n palace_n library_n and_o private_a edifice_n that_o you_o will_v suppose_v yourself_o to_o be_v within_o a_o most_o spacious_a city_n and_o not_o in_o the_o country_n the_o margin_n or_o bank_n of_o the_o lake_n be_v raise_v in_o every_o part_n with_o foursquare_a and_o cut_v stone_n and_o a_o convenient_a passage_n leave_v for_o traveller_n also_o some_o passage_n go_v clear_a through_o the_o lake_n furnish_v with_o many_o and_o those_o very_a high_a bridge_n under_o which_o ship_n may_v pass_v in_o pass_v over_o which_o they_o may_v to_o and_o fro_o encompass_v the_o lake_n whence_o these_o bridge_n may_v easy_o be_v reckon_v by_o venetus_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o city_n this_o be_v that_o city_n which_o have_v a_o mountain_n within_o its_o wall_n on_o the_o southside_n term_v chinghoang_v in_o which_o be_v that_o tower_n with_o a_o guard_n where_o they_o measure_v the_o hour_n by_o a_o hourglass_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v or_o inscribe_v on_o a_o tablet_n how_o many_o hour_n in_o large_a golden_a letter_n this_o be_v that_o city_n all_o who_o street_n be_v pave_v with_o square_a stone_n and_o this_o be_v situate_a in_o a_o moorish_a place_n and_o divide_v by_o many_o navigable_a channel_n last_o this_o be_v the_o city_n to_o omit_v other_o thing_n from_o which_o the_o emperor_n take_v his_o flight_n unto_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o great_a river_n cientang_n the_o breadth_n of_o which_o exceed_v a_o german_a mile_n and_o flow_v to_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o city_n so_o that_o here_o be_v the_o very_a same_o river_n which_o venetus_n ascribe_v unto_o quinsai_n whence_o it_o be_v disembogue_v into_o the_o sea_n towards_o the_o east_n from_o which_o this_o city_n be_v as_o far_o distant_a as_o venetus_n do_v affirm_v it_o i_o add_v that_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o city_n be_v above_o a_o hundred_o italian_a mile_n if_o you_o reckon_v in_o the_o large_a suburb_n which_o extend_v very_o far_o on_o every_o side_n whence_o you_o shall_v go_v over_o five_o hundred_o chinesian_a pace_n or_o stadiums_n by_o walk_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n or_o way_n from_o north_n to_o south_n through_o the_o most_o large_a and_o populous_a street_n in_o which_o you_o shall_v find_v no_o place_n destitute_a either_o of_o house_n or_o people_n you_o may_v perform_v the_o like_a journey_n almost_o from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o north._n see_v therefore_o that_o according_a unto_o the_o chinesian_a history_n the_o name_n the_o description_n the_o magnitude_n and_o all_o other_o passage_n do_v demonstrate_v this_o to_o be_v the_o city_n quinsai_n we_o ought_v no_o long_o to_o question_n or_o doubt_v of_o the_o same_o thus_o father_n martinius_n martinii_n in_o the_o place_n cite_v sect_n i._o the_o voyage_n of_o benedict_n go_v of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n into_o cathay_n or_o china_n take_v out_o of_o father_n nicholas_n trigautius_n i_o shall_v therefore_o now_o brief_o show_v whence_o proceed_v that_o so_o great_a confusion_n of_o opinion_n concern_v the_o proper_a situation_n of_o cathay_n now_o it_o be_v know_v both_o from_o the_o history_n of_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n haytho_n the_o armenian_a and_o also_o from_o the_o chronology_n of_o the_o chinese_n that_o the_o great_a cham_n emperor_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o some_o call_v cublai_n other_o ulcam_v or_o uncam_fw-la anno_fw-la 1256._o make_v a_o breach_n or_o irruption_n through_o the_o wall_n gain_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o the_o chinese_n which_o then_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o empire_n whereof_o the_o one_o towards_o the_o north_n be_v call_v cathay_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o south_n mangi_n whence_o as_o the_o north_n part_n of_o china_n with_o the_o other_o region_n without_o the_o wall_n be_v otherwise_o vulgar_o call_v cathay_n so_o also_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v now_o possess_v the_o whole_a be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o cathay_n by_o the_o tartar_n and_o the_o adjoin_a saracen_n the_o name_n of_o the_o other_o circumjacent_a region_n without_o the_o wall_n be_v utter_o extinguish_v so_o that_o from_o that_o very_a time_n that_o only_a empire_n of_o the_o chineses_n that_o extend_v so_o far_o include_v within_o the_o wall_n be_v call_v cathay_n by_o as_o many_o as_o traffic_v or_o merchandize_v thither_o from_o indostan_n usbec_n camul_n and_o other_o mediterranean_a region_n as_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o voyage_n of_o our_o brother_n benedict_n go_v but_o because_o that_o be_v not_o only_o undertake_v and_o decree_v by_o the_o command_n and_o advice_n of_o the_o superior_n of_o our_o society_n cathay_n but_o also_o by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o aria_n in_o india_n call_v saldagna_n yea_o also_o of_o the_o great_a acabar_n emperor_n of_o the_o mogor_n both_o to_o find_v out_o cathay_n and_o also_o to_o instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o interjacent_a kingdom_n certain_o it_o be_v perform_v with_o all_o the_o diligence_n and_o care_n possible_a by_o benedict_n go_v a_o person_n of_o great_a prudence_n and_o understanding_n and_o also_o skilled_a in_o the_o persian_a language_n which_o he_o have_v excellent_o attain_v to_o by_o a_o long_a stay_n or_o continuance_n in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o mogor_n and_o where_o he_o be_v very_o familiar_a with_o the_o emperor_n acabar_n therefore_o he_o be_v sufficient_o furnish_v with_o supply_n convenient_a for_o so_o great_a a_o voyage_n from_o the_o viceroy_n of_o india_n and_o have_v also_o the_o diploma_n patent_n or_o pass_v take_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o armenian_n and_o change_v also_o his_o name_n benedict_n into_o abdulla_n which_o signify_v the_o servant_n of_o god_n and_o join_v with_o he_o a_o armenian_a name_v isaac_n as_o his_o inseparable_a companion_n in_o his_o voyage_n anno_fw-la 1603._o in_o the_o solemn_a lent_n fast_o depart_v from_o lahor_n the_o regal_a city_n of_o the_o mogor_n he_o travel_v towards_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascar_n in_o the_o company_n of_o five_o hundred_o person_n which_o they_o call_v the_o caravan_n have_v with_o they_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o beast_n of_o carriage_n camel_n and_o wagon_n in_o a_o month_n he_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n athec_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o mogor_n and_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n indus_n at_o the_o end_n of_o two_o month_n more_o he_o come_v unto_o passaur_n where_o he_o be_v inform_v by_o a_o hermit_n that_o about_o two_o month_n journey_n far_o towards_o the_o north_n be_v the_o region_n caphurstan_n that_o be_v the_o land_n of_o infidel_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v treat_v anon_o that_o have_v many_o christian_n in_o it_o unto_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o caravan_n he_o can_v not_o travel_v hence_o in_o the_o course_n of_o twenty_o five_o day_n he_o come_v unto_o a_o city_n name_v ghideli_fw-la where_o he_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o thief_n depart_v thence_o in_o twenty_o day_n he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n cabul_n a_o city_n yet_o subject_a to_o the_o mogor_n from_o whence_o he_o go_v unto_o chianacar_n a_o city_n abound_v with_o iron_n and_o from_o thence_o in_o ten_o day_n he_o arrive_v at_o a_o place_n call_v parvan_n the_o last_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mogor_n after_o five_o day_n respite_n he_o come_v in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o day_n to_o a_o region_n name_v aâ—cheran_n have_v pass_v over_o exceed_v high_a mountain_n and_o in_o fifteen_o day_n more_o he_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n calcia_n and_o there_o have_v spend_v ten_o day_n he_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a place_n call_v gialalabeth_n famous_a for_o the_o portage_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o brahmin_n after_o fifteen_o day_n more_o he_o come_v to_o talhan_n and_o hence_o proceed_v forward_o to_o chaman_n he_o incur_v the_o
great_a hazard_n of_o robber_n who_o have_v shun_v at_o length_n he_o come_v to_o ciarciunor_n and_o after_o ten_o day_n pass_v through_o sarpanil_n a_o desert_a place_n he_o come_v to_o the_o province_n sarcil_n over_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n and_o that_o in_o twenty_o day_n travel_v after_o two_o day_n more_o he_o come_v to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n cetialath_n in_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o snow_n many_o perish_a by_o the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o cold._n have_v travel_v six_o day_n through_o the_o snow_n he_o come_v to_o tamgheran_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascar_n and_o after_o fifteen_o day_n to_o jaconich_n and_o after_o five_o to_o hiarcham_n the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o cascar_n and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o region_n of_o cabul_n the_o whole_a region_n be_v follower_n of_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n and_o hence_o from_o hiarcham_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o expedition_n by_o caravan_n into_o cathay_n and_o the_o negotiation_n of_o those_o that_o certain_o know_v they_o shall_v be_v admit_v into_o the_o kingdom_n whole_o consist_v as_o it_o be_v in_o fragment_n of_o precious_a jaspar_n which_o be_v find_v in_o great_a plenty_n in_o cathay_n that_o be_v in_o china_n and_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o river_n cotan_n not_o far_o from_o the_o regal_a city_n by_o fisherman_n like_v unto_o thick_a flint_n the_o other_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n be_v cleave_v into_o stony_a plate_n almost_o two_o ell_n long_o this_o mountain_n cansangui_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o imperial_a city_n twenty_o day_n journey_n and_o it_o be_v call_v the_o stony_a mountain_n note_v vulgar_o in_o geographical_a map_n hence_o therefore_o benedict_n after_o long_a stay_n again_o begin_v his_o voyage_n first_o he_o arrive_v at_o jolci_n the_o place_n of_o custom_n for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o from_o hence_o in_o a_o voyage_n of_o twenty_o five_o day_n he_o pass_v over_o these_o follow_a place_n hancialix_n alceghet_n hagabathet_fw-la egriar_n mesetelec_n thalec_n horma_n thoantac_n mingieda_n capetalcol_n zilan_n sarognebetal_n cambasco_n aconsersec_n ciacor_n acsu_fw-la acsu_n be_v a_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascar_n from_o which_o he_o pass_v by_o a_o laborious_a voyage_n through_o the_o desert_n caracatai_fw-fr that_o be_v black_a cataia_n unto_o oitograch_n gazo_n casciani_n dellai_n saregabadal_n ugan_n and_o at_o last_o he_o arrive_v at_o gruciam_fw-la depart_v hence_o in_o a_o voyage_n of_o twenty_o five_o day_n he_o come_v unto_o the_o city_n of_o cialis_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o cascar_n where_o the_o saracen_n return_v in_o the_o caravan_n of_o the_o year_n before_o from_o cathay_n that_o be_v from_o pekin_n the_o royal_a city_n of_o china_n declare_v wonderful_a thing_n unto_o our_o benedict_n concern_v matthew_n riccius_fw-la and_o his_o companion_n and_o here_o our_o father_n wonder_v that_o he_o have_v find_v cathay_n in_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o the_o chinese_n from_o hence_o in_o twenty_o day_n he_o come_v unto_o pucia_n a_o town_n of_o the_o same_o kingdom_n and_o from_o hence_o to_o turpham_n and_o aramuth_n and_o at_o length_n arrive_v at_o camul_n a_o fortify_v city_n from_o camul_fw-la in_o nine_o day_n he_o come_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o china_n which_o he_o have_v so_o long_o desire_v unto_o a_o place_n call_v chaiaicum_fw-la where_o be_v admit_v within_o the_o wall_n by_o one_o day_n journey_n he_o come_v to_o the_o first_o city_n of_o china_n call_v socien_n and_o find_v no_o other_o cathay_n but_o china_n so_o that_o from_o thenceforward_o he_o lay_v aside_o all_o scruple_n of_o the_o proper_a and_o true_a situation_n of_o cathay_n which_o the_o saracen_n often_o confound_v with_o china_n note_v that_o this_o voyage_n be_v take_v or_o begin_v from_o laor_n towards_o the_o north_n when_o he_o may_v have_v come_v to_o his_o journey_n end_v from_o laor_n by_o a_o much_o near_a way_n but_o as_o this_o voyage_n or_o passage_n through_o the_o thebetick_a mountain_n be_v not_o yet_o discover_v so_o that_o also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o usbeck_n and_o samarcande_v at_o that_o time_n be_v more_o use_v although_o that_o to_o conform_v himself_o unto_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n he_o be_v force_v to_o attempt_v to_o pass_v by_o this_o latter_a though_o it_o be_v very_o much_o out_o of_o the_o way_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a wind_n and_o and_o turn_n and_o also_o on_o every_o hand_n subject_n to_o robber_n the_o territory_n of_o usbec_n be_v extend_v by_o a_o large_a interval_n of_o region_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o north_n be_v make_v up_o of_o three_o very_a great_a kingdom_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v samarcande_v famous_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o tamberlan_n the_o second_o tarphan_n and_o the_o three_o turphan_n all_o of_o they_o infamous_a for_o the_o religion_n of_o mahomet_n the_o inhabitant_n as_o historian_n relate_v of_o the_o scythian_n be_v cruel_a thief_n bloody_a and_o implacable_a enemy_n of_o the_o christian_n so_o that_o this_o kingdom_n be_v now_o altogether_o unpassable_a for_o the_o christian_n except_o such_o as_o will_v become_v denier_n of_o christ_n and_o profess_v themselves_o follower_n of_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n and_o this_o be_v the_o passage_n from_o usbec_n to_o cathay_n but_o the_o voyage_n undertake_v by_o father_n antonius_n andradas_n a_o portugese_n into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o thebet_n be_v after_o this_o manner_n first_o pass_v over_o ganges_n from_o laor_n he_o enter_v into_o scrinegar_n and_o ciapharanga_n most_o great_a and_o populous_a city_n and_o from_o these_o have_v pass_v over_o a_o most_o high_a mountain_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o he_o discover_v a_o vast_a lake_n the_o common_a receptacle_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o river_n indus_n ganges_n and_o the_o other_o great_a river_n of_o india_n and_o hence_o by_o a_o voyage_n of_o many_o day_n and_o that_o also_o through_o high_a mountain_n he_o arrive_v in_o the_o cold_a northern_a region_n redor_n and_o in_o a_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n from_o which_o pass_v through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o maranga_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n which_o belong_v unto_o the_o tartar_n in_o two_o month_n space_n he_o easy_o arrive_v at_o cathay_n that_o be_v china_n sect_n ii_o another_o voyage_n from_o china_n to_o the_o mogor_n perform_v by_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n father_n albert_n dorville_n and_o father_n john_n gruberus_n these_o father_n begin_v their_o voyage_n from_o pequin_n anno_fw-la 1661._o in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n from_o whence_o they_o arrive_v at_o siganfu_n and_o from_o hence_o after_o thirty_o day_n stay_v they_o depart_v to_o sin_v or_o siningfu_n in_o almost_o twice_o so_o many_o day_n have_v pass_v over_o the_o saffron_n river_n now_o sin_v or_o siningfu_n be_v a_o great_a and_o populous_a city_n build_v at_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n by_o or_o through_o the_o gate_n of_o which_o be_v the_o first_o entrance_n into_o cathay_n or_o china_n for_o those_o that_o trade_n thither_o from_o india_n and_o where_o also_o they_o be_v force_v to_o stay_v till_o they_o have_v a_o far_a admission_n grant_v they_o by_o the_o king_n the_o city_n be_v place_v under_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n 36_o degree_n and_o 20_o minute_n from_o sin_v in_o three_o month_n space_n pass_v through_o the_o desert_n of_o kalmack_n in_o tartary_n they_o come_v unto_o the_o very_a entrance_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lassa_n which_o the_o tartar_n also_o call_v barantola_n the_o desert_n be_v partly_o moutainous_a partly_o level_a and_o overspread_v with_o sand_n and_o dust_n altogether_o sterile_a and_o barren_a unto_o which_o notwithstanding_o nature_n be_v here_o and_o there_o in_o some_o place_n propitious_a by_o afford_v some_o small_a rivulet_n who_o bank_n yield_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o green_a herb_n and_o grass_n but_o as_o this_o desert_n derive_v its_o original_n from_o the_o innermost_a mediterranean_a part_n of_o india_n so_o be_v it_o also_o extend_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n and_o no_o person_n have_v yet_o unto_o this_o day_n be_v find_v who_o have_v discover_v its_o bound_n many_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v extend_v even_o unto_o the_o freeze_a sea_n concern_v which_o i_o have_v treat_v at_o large_a in_o my_o book_n of_o the_o subterranean_a world_n now_o it_o have_v various_a name_n marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n call_v it_o lop_n infamous_a for_o diabolical_a delusion_n and_o a_o multitude_n of_o spectres_n or_o evil_a spirit_n that_o usual_o appear_v in_o it_o concern_v which_o notwithstanding_o our_o father_n relate_v nothing_o for_o the_o once_o or_o twice_o appear_v of_o these_o spirit_n do_v not_o prove_v the_o perpetual_a continuance_n of_o their_o