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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A51571 Scotiæ indiculum, or, The present state of Scotland together with divers reflections upon the antient state thereof / by A.M. philopatris. A. M. (Alexander Mudie) 1682 (1682) Wing M3038; ESTC R16016 67,555 300

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in the fatal Marble ●hair the Year from the Creation of the World 3641. before the Coming of Christ 330. the first year of the 112 Olympiad in the year 421. after the Building of Rome about the beginning of the fourth Monarchy when Alexander the Great vanquished Darius the last Monarch of Persia in the Reign of King Chimarus King of Brittans Some conjecture that Scotland had its name from Scoti or Scitty or Scythy from a People of Germany over whose Northern Limits the name of Scythia did extend of the truth of this there is no manner of ground in History ●lim Edinburgh is scituated between the degrees of Latitude 56 d. 2 m. of Longitude 3 d. 0 m. from London West longest day 17 hours 27 minutes Aberdeen 57 d. 10 m. of Latitude 2 d. 20 m. Longitude the most Northerly part of Scotland is Dunsby head whose Latitude is 58 d. 5 minutes The longest day in the most Northern part in this place is 18 h. 8 m. Dimensions It is in length about 480 miles it is of a much disproportionable breadth there being no place 60 miles distant from the Sea Division The Country is divided according to the Inhabitants into High-land and Low-land The People of the former live upon the Western Coast of Scotland or in some out Islands being a hardy People much inclinable to War who are in a continual readiness whenever commanded by their Chief as they love to call the most eminent Persons of their name or Clanne Their weapons are commonly Bow and Arrows a people that can endure all the hardships of War being bred to all manner of cunning in relation thereunto not much trusted by the Low-landers Their Chiefs have a great Authority over them they pay little or no Rent for the Lands they hold being obliged when their Chief calls them to be upon all occasions at his service It was the custom when any of the Chiefs of these Clanns came to Edinburgh they were attended with a numerous Train of these their Vassals which appearing mutinous was forbidden by an Act of Council These Gentlemen being allow'd to have the Attendants of their Menial Servants only They espouse the quarrel of their Master being much given to revenge and it is observable that for some generations the private quarrels of one Family against another hath been pursued with such vigour even almost to the ruine of both Parties The names of these Clanns are M ck Donald M ck Naughtoune M ck Cleane c. which reckon their Families to be of a very old standing in the Kingdom by several Generals some of seven hundred years and upwards and others more The Low-landers bordering on the East have much of the disposition and civility of other Countries their Language like the English and in their Habit according to the Fashions from France Again Scotland according to the Scituation of its Parts or Provinces may be divided into two parts To witt Southwards of the River Tay which made the Antient Kingdom of the Picts and Eastwards and Northwards of the River Tay which made the Antient Kingdom of the Scots besides abundance of little Islands lying round about According to its Ecclesiastical Government it is divided into two Provinces viz. St. Andrews and Glascow these two Provinces into several Diocesses It was long after the Christian Religion was received in Scotland that the Ecclesiastical Government was thus divided For more full satisfaction of the Affairs of the Church the inquisitive Reader may consult the most Reverend Archbishop Spotiswood in his History of the Church of Scotland The Christian Religion in the Year of our Lord 203. which was the fourth year of Donald the first was publickly established the King with his Queen and many of the Nobility being then baptized several years before this publick manifestation many people were converted to the Christian Faith Tertullian who liv'd some years before the Coronation of this King speaking of the Propagations of the Gospel throughout the whole World doth reckon among other Countries the Parts of Britanny unto which the Romans could not find access And what these Parts were are no doubt that little corner of the Island which the Scots did inhabit all the Inland of Britanny being subject to the Romans There be Authors of no small credit who transmit to posterity that St. Paul after his Imprisonment at Rome did visit this Island and did Preach the Gospel in the utmost parts thereof Nicephorus writeth that Simon Zelotes after he had travelled through Egypt Cyrene Africk Mauritania and Lybia came at last ad occidentalem oceanum insulasque Britannicas and there Preached the Gospel Dorotheus addeth that he was Crucified in these parts Others write as if Pope Victor did send Preachers as first promulgers of the Gospel but this is not very probable being this Church was not fashioned like to that of Rome in its rites especially in the observation of Easter These foregoing opinions are not grounded upon the surest testimonies of History the writers of most credit give place to this conjecture That when the Apostle St. John was banish'd into the Isle Pathmos some of his Disciples took their refuge hither and were the first Preachers of the Gospel The more sober are inclinable to give credit to this because in that contention moved about Easter the Christians here for some two hundred years after did retain the custom of the Oriental Church maintaining this by the Authority of St. John from whom they pleaded to have received the Faith Others are agreed that not long after the Ascension of our Lord whilest the Apostle St. John yet lived that the Faith of our Lord was known and embraced in this Kingdom Origen saith that they are to be numbred inter primitias among the first Fruits of the Gentiles gathered unto Christ This made Petrus Cluniacensis call the Scots antiquiores Christianos of greater antiquity than many others Air. The Air is mild and temperate The cold in the Winter towards the North is very sharp but there being a great plenty of Wood and other firing the Inhabitants do not suffer much by it The heat in Summer is less scorching than in some parts of the Continent There is no need of Stoves in Winter nor Grottes in Summer Soil The Soil is very wholsome abounding with Springs and Streams there are some Navigable Rivers very convenient for Trade Towards the North it 's Mountainous yet not wanting fruitful Valleys apt for Grain Corn or Wood. Commodities There is plenty every where of Sheep Oxen and Coneys and in the North of fallow Deer great plenty of Hens Ducks Geese Turkeys and Pigeons Partridges Sea-plover Pewits Woodcocks Snipes Plovers Quails Larks and Herons c. with great plenty of Salmon Trouts Carps and Pikes c. a great abundance of Herrings Oysters Cockles Musles Scate Turbots Freshling and Lobsters c. there is not wanting Apples Pears Plums and Cherries It abounds with Wheat Barley Rye Beans Pease and