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A28653
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The longitude found, or, A treatise shewing an easie and speedy way, as well by night as by day, to find the longitude, having but the latitude of the place and the inclination of the magnetical inclinatorie needle by Henry Bond ...
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Bond, Henry.
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1676
(1676)
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Wing B3564; ESTC R4991
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20,632
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79
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between the Earths-Zenith of London and the Magnepole to be 33 d. 19 m. to which the Inclination against it in the Caroline Tables is 71 d. 48 m. which differs but two Minutes from tnat which Robert Norman said it was about viz. 71 d. 50 m. If Robert Norman had set down the Year and the time of the Year when his Observation of the Inclination was made as Mr. Burrowes did of the Variation we should not have differed any thing at all from him the Inclination was then encreasing but now it is decreasing aind will be until the Year 1957 and then the Variation will be nothing at London as it was nothing in 1657 being 300 years distant If we divide the Year into Thirty Six parts we shall find in what time the procession of the Magnesticial Colure goeth forwards one Minute or one Mile of the Equator of the Earth which time will be Ten Dayes Three Hours and Thirty Minutes which being multiplied by 36 tne Product will be 365 Dayes and 6 Hours Having gone thus far to find in what time the Magnesticial Colure goeth forwards one Mile of the Aequator of the Earth if we examine how much it goeth forward in 24 hours it will be 591.37 Foot and in one hour 24.64 Foot here we account one Mile according to Mr. Richard Norwood's Experiment set down in his Sea-man's Practice which is 6000 English Feet to one Mile or Minute of the Aequator or Meridian according to the French 26.39 in one hour and in one Minute 5.278 inches The last thing shall be to find the least and the greatest Inclination of the Inclinatory Needle in any Latitude Substract 8 d. 30 m. from the Complement of the Latitude and look the remainer in the Tables and right against it is the greatest Inclination in that Latitude and add 8 d. 30 m. to the Complement of the Latitude and look the sum in the Tables and right against it is the least Inclination Example 1. Here at London the Complement of the Latitude 38 d. 28 m. and 8 d. 30 m. added together the sum is 46 d. 58. m. against which there is in the Table 61 d. 50 m. the least Inclination And substract 8 d. 30 m. from 38 d. 28 m. and the Remainer is 29 d. 58 m. against which in the Table is 73 d. 55 m. the greatest Inclination here at London which was in the Year 1657. If the Complement of the Latitude and 8 d. 30 m. added together exceed 90 d. 00 m. Substract it out of 180 d. 00 m. and look the remainer in the Table then if the Latitude given be North the least Inclination is of the South end of the Needle But if the Latitude given be South the least Inclination is of the North end of the Needle Example II. In North Latitude 7 d. 00 m. the Complement 83 d. 00 m. unto which 8 d. 30 m. added makes 91 d. 30 m. the remainer to 180 d. 00 m. is 88 d. 30 m. against which in the Table is 3 d. 00 m. the least Inclination of the South end of the Needle the greatest Inclination will be of the North end Then Subtract 8 d. 30 m. from 83 d. 00 m. the complement of the Latitude the remainer is 74 d. 30 m. against which in the Table is 29 d. 00 m. for the greatest Inclination of the North end of the Needle in that Latitude Here is the Conclusion of Thirty Eight Years Magnetick Study and Observations I know when this Mystery comes to be publickly and foreignly known it will be the admiration of all the Christian Nations in the world What then shall any man have high thoughts of himself for it God forbid Far be it from him let him look upon himself as an Instrument in the Hand of Almighty God to declare that which he hath concealed untill his own Time came that he was pleased to make it known for his own Glory and the Benefit of Men in the World Therefore unto Almighty God be all the Praise and Glory of This and all the rest of his Wonderful Works Here follow the CAROLINE TABLES of the Complements of the Magnilatitudes to every Five Minutes of Inclination of the Inclinatory Needle from the Magnequator unto 84 d. 01 m. of Magnilatitude and 87 d. 00 m. of Inclination d. m. d. m. 0 05 89 58 0 10 89 55 0 15 89 53 0 20 89 50 0 25 89 48 0 30 89 45 0 35 89 43 0 40 89 40 0 45 89 38 0 50 89 35 0 55 89 33 1 00 89 30 1 05 89 28 1 10 89 25 1 15 89 23 1 20 89 20 1 25 89 18 1 30 89 15 1 35 89 13 1 40 89 10 1 45 89 08 1 50 89 05 1 55 89 03 2 00 89 00 2 05 88 58 2 10 88 55 2 15 88 53 2 20 88 50 2 25 88 48 2 30 88 45 2 35 88 43 2 40 88 40 2 45 88 38 2 50 88 35 2 55 88 32 3 00 88 30 3 05 88 28 3 10 88 25 3 15 88 22 3 20 88 20 3 25 88 18 3 30 88 15 3 35 88 13 3 40 88 10 3 45 88 08 3 50 88 05 3 55 88 03 4 00 88 00 4 05 87 57 4 10 87 55 4 15 87 53 4 20 87 50 4 25 87 48 4 30 87 45 4 35 87 42 4 40 87 40 4 45 87 37 4 50 87 35 4 55 87 32 5 00 87 30 5 05 87 27 5 10 87 25 5 15 87 22 5 20 87 20 5 25 87 17 5 30 87 15 5 35 87 12 5 40 87 10 5 45 87 07 5 50 87 05 5 55 87 02 6 00 87 00 6 05 86 57 6 10 86 55 6 15 86 52 6 20 86 50 6 25 86 47 6 30 86 45 6 35 86 42 6 40 86 40 6 45 86 37 6 50 86 35 6 55 86 32 7 00 86 29 7 05 86 27 7 10 86 24 7 15 86 21 7 20 86 19 7 25 86 16 7 30 86 14 7 35 86 11 7 40 86 09 7 45 86 06 7 50 86 04 7 55 86 01 8 00 85 59 8 05 85 56 8 10 85 54 8 15 85 51 8 20 85 49 8 25 85 46 8 30 85 44 8 35 85 41 8 40 85 39 8 45 85 36 8 50 85 34 8 55 85 31 9 00 85 29 9 05 85 26 9 10 85 23 9 15 85 20 9 20 85 18 9 25 85 16 9 30 85 13 9 35 85 10 9 40 85 08 9 45 85 05 9 50 85 03 9 55 85 01 10 00 84 58 10 05 84 55 10 10 84 53 10 15 84 50 10 20 84 47 10 25 84 45 10 30 84 42 10 35 84 40 10 40 84 37 10 45 84 35 10 50 84 32 10 55 84 29 11 00 84 27 11 05 84 24 11 10 84 22 11 15 84 19 11 20 84 17 11 25 84 14 11 30 84 12 11 35 84 09 11 40 84 06 11 45 84 04 11
to October when Mr. Burrowes did Observe was Four Months which took away the Twelve Minutes Mr. John Kepler that was Mathematician to the Emperor of Germany by his Chronology of Time accounts it from the Creation of the World to the Year of our Lord 1657 to be 5650 years and this motion of the Magnetick Poles notwithstanding it be many times swifter than that motion he accounts upon yet gives the same time with his which makes me much to admire it I doubt not but the Learned in Astronomy will in time collect something more from it than I have done or than hath been formerly known Their motion is by Sixes Six Tenths of a Degree in one year Six Degrees in Ten years Sixty Degrees in a Hundred years and Six times Sixty Degrees in Six Hundred years I have heard that some Divines in former Dayes have been of opinion That as the World and all the Creatures were Created in Six Dayes so the World would continue Six Thousand Years but I will not meddle with that These Magnetick Poles are now in their Tenth Revolution and as I said before agree in Time with Kepler's Motion They will be in June 1674. Ten Degrees and Twelve Minutes to the Westwards of the Meridian of London and Four Degrees and Forty Eight Minutes to the Westwards of the Meridian of the Lizard The use of the Horizontal Needle is admirable yet the motion of it is a forc'd motion and not natural as it appears very plain by Robert Norman a Compass-maker in Ratcliffe above Ninety Years past in his New Attractive who was the first that ever we read or heard of that found out the Inclinatory motion of the Magnetick Needle whose Name ought to be remembred for this thing and Mr. William Burrowes for the Variation of the Compass Almighty God was pleased by these two men so to honour our Nation that the Variation and the Inclination of the Magnetick Needle should be first found in this Nation above all the Christian Nations in the World And now Almighty God is pleased above Ninety years after them to make me an Instrument in his Hand to put it to an use not formerly thought of that is to find the Longitude that as the beginning of it was in this Kingdom so the conclusion of it should be here for the Honour of our Gracious King's Majesty and his Kingdoms unto whom I humbly beseech Almighty God to grant a long a prosperous a happy Reign and Victory over all His Enemies Amen Robert Norman in his New Attractive◠mentions one Petro de Medina that in a Book of his concerning Navigation did hold it for an Absurdity for men to say that the Magnetick Needle had any Variation at all He said it was an Errour in the misplacing of the Wires But leaving him and his Errour I shall shew how Mr. Norman came to find the Inclination of the Inclinatory Needle as he himself writes and how he came to think of such a Needle he had made a large Horizontal Needle and bestowed much time and pains in fitting and polishing of it and had equally poized it on its Pin and when he had touch'd it with the Loadstone and put it on its Pin again the North end of it inclined so low that it was not fit for use he thought to mend it by cutting off some of the end of it and cut off so much that he spoiled the Needle which brought him into a Passion with himself After his Passion was over he considered with himself whether there might not be such a motion of the Needle and then made one and found it so from whence it appears plainly that the Inclinatory motion of the Needle is the Natural motion and that the Horizontal motion although it be of admirable use in the world yet it is a forced motion Some years since I saw an Inclinatory Needle of one Doctor Meret's of the Physicians Colledge in London which was made by Robert Norman in 1578 it being out of order I fitted it for him The use of the Inclinatory Needle I shall hereafter shew to find the Longitude which is a use that our former Learned Magnetick Philosophers did not think of in their time because they knew not the Variating of the Variation We are to take notice that as there is a Magnetick Sphere that hath two Poles so there are other Circles belonging to it as to the other Spheres an Aequator two Colures and Parallel Circles to the Aequator The Aequator for distinctions sake I call the Magnequator the Colure wherein the Poles are the Magnestical Colure the other the Magnoctial Colure the Magnequator doth in a manner represent the Moons Difference because the Magnoctial Intersections with the Aequator of the Earth have a Retrograde motion as the Head and Tail of the Dragon hath Also the Magnequator doth in a manner represent the Ecliptick having a form of situation to the Aequator of the Earth that the Ecliptick hath to the Aequator of the Heavens the greatest obliquity being but 8 d. 30. m. as appeareth in the first Scheme As by the Latitude and Declination of a Star in the Heavens and knowing on which side of the Solstitial Colure it is the Right Ascension may be exactly Calculated So in this if the Latitude of any Place be given with the Inclination of the Needle and on which side of the Magnetical Solstitial Colure it is the Longitude of the Place may be found from the Magnetical Colure and from that the Longitude from any place in the world as I shall make it appear by Examples following But before I go further I shall say something of the Decrease of our Variation here at London since the time of Mr. William Burrowes's Observations in October 1580 and shall set down what the Variations have been found then and since by Observations and by my Calculation according to the motion of the Magnetical Poles  d. ′ ″  d. ′ ″  In 1580 M. W. Burrowes 11-15-00 Bond 11-15-00 East In 1622 M. Edm. Gunter 05-55-37 Bond 05-57-00 In 1634 M. H. Gellibrand 4-03-00 Bond 4-01-00 In 1640 Bond others 3-06-40 Bond. 2-59-00 In 1665 Mr. Robert Hooke the Professor of Geometry in Gresham College in London with Mr. William Mar Mr. Richard Shortgrave and a Gentleman since Deceased and Henry Bond Sen. on the 8th of June in the King's Majesties Private Garden at White-Hall observed the Variation and found it to be 1 d. 22 m. 30 sec West By Bond 's Calculation it was then 1 d. 25 m. 00 sec I have set down these both by Observations and also by my Calculations to give the World satisfaction that I do not delude them to make them think that I know such things and cannot prove them When any that understand themselves have made trial by exact Observations and my Calculations they will acknowledge me to be honest in that which I have written There is one that puts it out