Selected quad for the lemma: day_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
day_n	hour_n	mile_n	minute_n	7,867	5	12.3320	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A26110	Astronomy's advancement, or, News for the curious being a treatise of telescopes, and an account of the marvelous astronomical discoveries of late years made throughout Europe : with the figures of the sun, moon, and planets, with Copernicus his system, in twelve copper plates : also, an abstract to ching the distance, faces, bulks, and orbs of the heavenly bodies, the best way of using instruments for satisfaction, &c. out of the best astronomers, ancient and modern, viz. Mr. Hook, Mr. Bouilleau, Mr. Hevelius, Father Kircher, &c. / done out of French by Jos. Walker.	Walker, Joseph.	1684 (1684)	Wing A4084; ESTC R5939	21,942	80

apparent Diameter is judged by none above one Minute and some odd parts however his Body is according to Ptolomey seventy nine times according to Lansbergius forty six according to Tycho but twenty two times bigger than the Earth And at our old rate the Diameter of his Orb will be about Thirty one thousand six hundred and two Semidiameters of the Earth and the compass of his Orb about Ninety four thousand eight hundred and six of them Thus far then of the Planets their mean distance from us their bulk and Orbits SECT VII Of the fixed Stars their Magnitude and Sphere BEcause some have judged certain Comets to have mounted as high as the Sphere of the fixed Stars being that they were not able to observe they had any Parallax we will therefore here consider those Stars as we have done the Planets Ptolomey at least the forementioned Arabians deducing it from his Principles have placed the fixed Stars Nineteen thousand Semidiameters of the Earth distant from it Tycho honestly telling us that no exact or certain measures can be taken in this case conjectures them to be near about Fourteen thousand such Semidiameters distant As to the Copernicans they have another way of measuring of which anon The fixed Stars are judged very far from being all of a bigness And since the invention of Telescopes it is certain there are a multitude of them either so small or so far off us that they cannot be seen by our naked Eye however according to the usual estimate they are taken to be of six several Magnitudes Those of the first rate are conceived One hundred and eight times bigger than the Earth such are the bigger Dog-Star the Bulls-Eye c. Those of the sixth and least rate only eighteen times bigger than it according to Alphraganus his Account but Albategnius his Brother Ptolomaick varies a little not very much worth insisting on However behold his whole estimate of all the Mundane Bodies If we compare says he all the Mundane Bodies as to their bigness we must acknowledge the Sun to take the first place as biggest of them all next him the fixt Stars of the first Magnitude in the third place Jupiter in the fourth Saturn in the fifth the rest of the five Orders of the fixt Stars according to their Magnitudes of 2 3 4 5 and 6th Rate in the sixth place Mars in the seventh the Earth in the eighth Venus in the ninth the Moon in the tenth and last Mercury This is also generally the Ptolomeans Opinion of the several Bodies in this Systeme of the World But I suppose it must be understood only of such fixt Stars as they knew for before the invention of Telescopes that infinite number of Stars which makes up the Galaxy or Milky Way that great number also in the Constellation of the Pleiades not seen to the naked Eye as also the innumerable number scattered through the Heavens discoverable by the help of our Glasses were not known nor therefore estimated The Diameter of the Sphere of fixt Stars if taken according to our old Rule is about Thirty eight thousand and two Semidiameters of the Earth and therefore its compass upwards of One hundred seventy four thousand and six such Semidiameters SECT VIII Of the Opinion of the Copernicans in these points and the advantage of their Systeme NOw Copernicus and his Followers placing the Sun in the Center of the World and supposing the Earth to be moved both upon her own Center daily and annually about the Sun which is far the most probable of any of the Mundane Systemes measure the distance of the Sphere of fixed Stars by the Semidiameters of the great Orb And the great Orb they call the Sphere of the Earths annual motion about the Sun For the full understanding hereof behold here the Systeme or Fabrick of the World according to the Copernican supposal Fig 11 Supposing then the Earth to be moved round the Sun in the Circle here assigned to it that Circle they call the great Orb and suppose the Semidiameter of it to be equal to 1500 Semidiameters of the Earth and the Sphere of the fixt Stars to be distant from the Earth 28000 Semidiameters of the great Orb or which is much about the same forty two millions of the Earths Semidiameters This distance indeed is vastly greater than either that assigned by Ptolomey or Tycho but yet admitting the distances assigned by either of the two later and measuring the compass of the Orb of fixed Stars thereby it is in a manner unconceivable that that Orb can be carry'd round the Earth in twenty four hours or in a natural day for in such case its motion must be many hundred times more rapid or swifter than the Shot out of any Gun For according to due Computation the very Sun it self by the Ptolomaick Hypothesis must move in one minute 13095 English Miles and in an hour 783715 Miles but the fixed Stars most vastly more namely 13513686 English Miles in one hour and in one minute not less than 225228 Miles which I think no one can well believe Yet this I say would inevitably follow upon that distance at which Ptolomey places both Sun and Fixed Stars from the Earth and much more upon the distance assigned by the Copernicans only those indeed help themselves by supposing the Earths daily motion upon its own Ax. SECT IX Of the bost way and times of using Instruments to satisfie our selves in these Curiosities THat the Quadrant or where a large Quadrant cannot be managed a Sextant and Telescopes are the most useful Instruments for both making and satisfying our selves in Discoveries of this Nature I think will not be doubted But certainly the best way to use them is in conjunction It s true there may be several cases in which we respect not much the height or place of a Star it may be all we design is to view its Colour Form Spots or the like and then the Telescope it self may suffice But because Stars appear of different Diameters or sizes according to their different height or position above the Horizon therefore we shall be able to make the exactest Observations and truest Judgment if we have to the side of a large Quadrant or Sextant duely fixed a proportionable Telescope joyned and fastned The way of fixing both it is scarce possible in words so to describe as that it will be plainly understood But these things may easily be seen and then most readily understood if we go to any Artists And being furnished with such a Machin or Instrument the best time to use it is not in the lightest Nights or when the Moon is at Full except on some particular occasions for then the Luminous Raies too much confound one another It is much best viewing the Moon at or near its Quarters But if we will see a Full Moon we must have larger and longer Telescopes than such as can be fixt to Quadrants and there are little Devices

of Examples Let us add another point no less surprising which is that although that which is Illuminated in the Moon proceeds from the Rays of the Sun darted directly upon her When this brightness comes to be examin'd it is found that in all likelihood it is not carry'd in a direct Line but in a crooked and seems not to proceed from the Sun as from its Source but ordinarily from another Principle higher and more eminent God willing we will give full satisfaction of all these Phenomena's in a particular Treatise SECT VI. Of what hath been discover'd in Saturn TIme out of mind it hath been conceived that this Planet Saturn consisted in one entire round Globe but now by help of this Telescope we discover that it is composed of two parts and that indeed it is round in respect of its Body but doth besides consist of a Ring which is Luminous by means of the enlightning of the Sun as Saturn himself is Luminous by the same means which Ring encompasseth him all round after the same manner that the Horizon of our Artificial Globes encompasseth their Globes and is flat upon the Verge as they be Moreover this Ring shews not it self round as a Circle seen direct but shews it self in an Oval as a Circle seen Obliquely Some have at certain times found it twice and an half longer than it is broad others have found it decline from the Ecliptick 31 Degrees whereupon see here what is strange which is that upon certain Occurrences and Times this Ring disappears so that at that time Saturn is alone and quite deprived of his Ring just as the Figures here do represent whereof the 1 2 and 3 do shew the Fig. 3. SATVRN According to Mr. Hook Aspect SATVRN According to Mr. Azout SATVRN According Mrs Hugens Picart SATVRN According to Mrs Hugens others manner that this Planet doth commonly shew himself with his Ring and the 4th when he shews himself without a Ring and quite round Upon this change of Figure wherein Saturn at certain times appears Astronomers have well concluded that in effect he moves in himself and that it was necessary this Circle should be flat like a Bourlet and that the reason wherefore he disappeared at certain times proceeded that at that time he was as to us turned Prosil and shewed us the side and was not enlightned with the Sun on the side turned towards us Moreover Observations have given us to understand that this Planet moves upon his own Center and upon his Own Ax to wit under the East to the West as has been observ'd by Hugens Cassiny and others Touching the Motion of this Planet Mr. Hugens has observed that when it arrives at the 20th Degree and an half of Pisces and Libra it appears round and without Arms. To this purpose in the year 1671. at the end of May it appeared all round and also in like maner it will appear all round in the year 1685. which is about fifteen years afterwards which will also continue from fifteen to fifteen years which is the moiety of the Natural Motion of this Planet which 't is known compleats his course in about thirty years Besides there is farther observed in this Planet a little Moon which like the Satellites of Jupiter continually runs round his Body and finisheth their course in the space of fifteen days thirteen Minutes Mr. Azout thinks that in a few years the shadow of this same Moon may be seen upon this Planet SECT VII Of what hath been Observ'd in the Planet of Jupiter Fig. 4. Jupiter according to Mrs Azout Cassini Jupiter according to Mr. Hook the Satilites of Jupiter discouer'd by G. Galileus Moreover this Planet hath four little Stars or Moons which are not visible unto the naked Eye which do continually move round his Body and which do rise in the East of him and set to the West These four wonderful little Stars are called the Satellites or the Guards of this Planet they are diversly distant from Jupiter and those nearest his Body finish their Revolutions with greater expedition than those that are farthest off 1. The nearest of the Satellites is distant from Jupiter three minutes and finisheth his course in eighteen hours twenty eight minutes thirty S. 2. The second Satellite is distant from Jupiter five minutes and endeth his Revolution in three days thirteen hours eighteen minutes 3. The third is distant eight minutes and finisheth his Revolution in seven days three hours thirty five S. and is greater and brighter than the others 4. The fourth Satellite is distant from Jupiter thirteen minutes and endeth his Course in sixteen days eighteen hours nine minutes fifteen S. It is to be observed that these Satellites do give a shadow upon the Body of Jupiter when they are found interposed betwixt the Sun and him Moreover Mr. Cassiny of late hath observed two moveable Spots upon the Face of this Jupiter which do make their Revolution upon the Center of the same tending towards the West in nine hours fifty nine minutes The which by Consequence doth testifie that this same Planet moveth upon his Center from the same part likewise in nine hours fifty six minutes This Period is the shortest of all those that is made in the Firmament SECT VIII Of what hath been Observ'd in the Planet of Mars ACcording to Mr. Cassiny Mars doth move upon his Center and upon his Ax under the East towards the West and with a Direction very like that of the Ecliptick that is about twenty four hours forty minutes each Revolution the which he discover'd by means of two notable inherent moveable Spots upon the Superficies Fig. 5. 1. Fate of MARS according to Mr. Cassini 2. Fate of MARS according to Mr. Cassini MARS in his quadrat according to Herelius 〈◊〉 of this Planet and which do both finish their Course in the same space of time It is to be observed that Mars in his Opposition doth always appear round but when he is betwixt the Conjunction and Opposition he appears in a Curvy Line Figure like the Moon when she is near her Opposition before or after him SECT IX Of what hath been Observ'd in Venus THis Planet Venus appears sometimes round sometimes half round and sometimes like a Cressent Mr. Cassiny took notice of it and did not sufficiently nor scarce at all understand it until the year 1666. which he did not then neither saith he without much difficulty He found that it had Spots upon its Surface just as the Moon has to wit two which are very thi long and uncertainly terminated amongst which at the seventh place marked 7 appears a shining part He found by means of these Spots that the motion of this Planet and of its Spots was made upon its own Center and upon an Ax which carry'd it from South to North which is a motion wholly unknown in the Heavens and that this motion was accomplisht in one day whether it be saith