expedition_n and_o the_o duke_n wisnowiski_n have_v also_o public_o declare_v for_o demetrius_n a_o considerable_a number_n of_o the_o polish_v nobility_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o muscovy_n be_v encourage_v by_o his_o example_n espouse_v this_o interest_n be_v strengthen_v by_o these_o and_o other_o force_n which_o be_v in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n raise_v for_o his_o service_n he_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o into_o muscovy_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o winter_n where_o be_v join_v by_o a_o body_n of_o cosack_n of_o 10000_o man_n under_o their_o general_n corclos_n who_o have_v be_v engage_v with_o great_a promise_n into_o his_o service_n muscovy_n demetrius_n enter_v muscovy_n by_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o the_o old_a monk_n it_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o his_o army_n have_v pass_v the_o boristhenes_n at_o kiovia_n they_o advance_v without_o any_o opposition_n to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o eringow_n which_o upon_o the_o first_o summon_v surrender_v to_o demetrius_n the_o city_n of_o puttiwoll_n one_o of_o the_o large_a and_o most_o populous_a in_o those_o part_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o eringow_n the_o garrison_n which_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o cosack_n refuse_v to_o fight_v against_o their_o brethren_n the_o other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n tread_v the_o footstep_n of_o the_o other_o and_o put_v themselves_o under_o his_o protection_n so_o that_o as_o he_o be_v advance_v deep_o into_o the_o country_n his_o army_n be_v considerable_o augment_v by_o such_o as_o flock_v in_o to_o he_o from_o all_o the_o adjacent_a city_n of_o which_o none_o attempt_v to_o make_v the_o least_o resistance_n except_o the_o city_n of_o novogorod_n sevieâ—â—ki_n which_o he_o besiege_v and_o attack_v with_o all_o the_o vigour_n imaginable_a the_o czar_n boris_n goudenou_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o have_v not_o be_v careless_a of_o his_o affair_n but_o have_v order_v considerable_a levy_n to_o be_v make_v before_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o receive_v advice_n of_o the_o most_o stupendous_a progress_n of_o demetrius_n he_o publish_v his_o declaration_n wherein_o he_o promise_v indemnity_n to_o all_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o will_v abandon_v the_o party_n of_o this_o impostor_n and_o return_v to_o their_o duty_n with_o most_o severe_a commination_n against_o all_o such_o as_o shall_v persist_v in_o their_o treasonable_a design_n against_o their_o sovereign_n in_o aid_v and_o assist_v the_o pretend_a demetrius_n he_o send_v also_o a_o solemn_a embassy_n to_o sigismond_n than_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o have_v immediate_o demand_v and_o obtain_v audience_n make_v most_o heavy_a complaint_n that_o the_o truce_n which_o be_v so_o late_o make_v betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n for_o twenty_o year_n be_v violate_v by_o the_o pole_n who_o without_o the_o least_o reason_n give_v have_v invade_v the_o czar_n territory_n take_v his_o town_n and_o ravage_v the_o country_n that_o he_o hope_v the_o king_n will_v take_v better_a measure_n and_o not_o pursue_v a_o war_n that_o be_v found_v upon_o nothing_o but_o a_o unjust_a pretence_n but_o recall_v his_o troop_n which_o be_v at_o that_o time_n employ_v to_o maintain_v the_o pretension_n of_o a_o vile_a impostor_n against_o one_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a prince_n in_o europe_n who_o if_o provoke_v will_v not_o want_v mean_n to_o give_v himself_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o damage_n and_o affront_v receive_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n neither_o be_v he_o spare_v in_o his_o promise_n by_o which_o and_o the_o great_a present_v he_o make_v to_o most_o of_o the_o chief_a minister_n and_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o court_n he_o hope_v to_o obtain_v what_o all_o his_o remonstrance_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o effect_v but_o in_o vain_a for_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o look_v upon_o demetrius_n as_o the_o true_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o upon_o the_o affair_n of_o boris_n as_o in_o a_o decline_a condition_n or_o that_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o jesuit_n who_o have_v espouse_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o first_o have_v make_v they_o deaf_a to_o all_o these_o application_n the_o ambassador_n be_v send_v back_o with_o this_o general_a answer_n that_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o poland_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o what_o be_v transact_v in_o muscovy_n and_o that_o if_o demetrius_n who_o be_v a_o muscovite_n bear_v have_v obtain_v the_o assistance_n of_o some_o polish_v volunteer_n to_o maintain_v his_o pretension_n against_o the_o czar_n boris_n goudenou_n this_o can_v not_o be_v interpret_v a_o violation_n of_o the_o truce_n betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n which_o on_o their_o side_n they_o will_v observe_v inviolable_o boris_n have_v miss_v his_o aim_n in_o poland_n dispatch_v a_o messenger_n to_o the_o camp_n of_o demetrius_n to_o try_v once_o more_o his_o fortune_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o undeceive_v the_o wayvode_n of_o sendomiria_n and_o wisnowiski_n concern_v the_o fallacy_n put_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o counterfeit_n demetrius_n for_o this_o end_n have_v find_v out_o one_o of_o his_o uncle_n in_o muscovy_n who_o name_n be_v smyrna_n otropeja_n and_o judge_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o if_o he_o can_v be_v confront_v with_o grisko_n otropeja_n his_o nephew_n his_o confession_n will_v be_v of_o the_o great_a consequence_n towards_o the_o detect_n of_o this_o imposture_n he_o send_v he_o along_o with_o the_o messenger_n but_o whether_o the_o wayvode_n look_v upon_o that_o as_o a_o contrivance_n of_o boris_n goudenou_n invent_v on_o purpose_n to_o blast_v the_o reputation_n of_o demetrius_n and_o to_o ward_v the_o blow_n which_o seem_v to_o threaten_v his_o ruin_n or_o that_o he_o think_v himself_o engage_v past_o retreat_v the_o uncle_n smyrna_n otropeja_n be_v forbid_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o approach_v the_o camp_n and_o the_o messenger_n send_v back_o with_o scorn_n and_o indignation_n boris_n goudenou_n find_v all_o other_o mean_v to_o fail_v have_v recourse_n to_o arm_n and_o order_v his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n most_o of_o they_o veterate_a soldier_n to_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o novogorod_n sevierski_n which_o defend_v itself_o brave_o against_o the_o pole_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o governor_n bosman_n demetrius_n though_o much_o inferior_a in_o number_n be_v not_o much_o above_o twenty_o thousand_o but_o all_o choose_a man_n upon_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o muscovite_n army_n leave_v the_o siege_n of_o novogorod_n post_v himself_o as_o advantageous_o as_o he_o can_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o muscovite_n to_o facilitate_v the_o passage_n of_o such_o officer_n in_o the_o army_n of_o boris_n goudenou_n as_o be_v corrupt_v before_o have_v promise_v to_o come_v over_o with_o their_o soldier_n to_o his_o party_n but_o these_o see_v the_o great_a disproportion_n there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o number_n of_o these_o two_o army_n either_o quite_o change_v their_o resolution_n or_o at_o least_o think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o delay_v the_o execution_n of_o it_o till_o a_o more_o favourable_a juncture_n demetrius_z therefore_o find_v himself_o in_o a_o post_n from_o whence_o he_o can_v not_o retreat_v without_o fight_v be_v force_v to_o put_v the_o best_a countenance_n he_o can_v upon_o the_o matter_n and_o have_v nothing_o to_o trust_v to_o but_o their_o own_o courage_n the_o pole_n fight_v so_o brave_o that_o they_o not_o only_o repulse_v the_o muscovite_n who_o be_v over_o confident_a in_o their_o number_n attack_v they_o with_o more_o fury_n than_o skill_n but_o also_o charge_v they_o at_o several_a time_n with_o so_o much_o bravery_n that_o the_o victory_n remain_v doubtful_a for_o several_a hour_n till_o at_o last_o the_o muscovite_n be_v continual_o sustain_v by_o fresh_a troop_n and_o the_o pole_n quite_o tire_v by_o the_o long_a fatigue_n of_o the_o day_n be_v force_v to_o give_v way_n more_o to_o the_o number_n than_o the_o bravery_n of_o their_o enemy_n rout_z demetrius_z rout_z who_o at_o last_o entire_o rout_v they_o though_o not_o without_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o their_o side_n kill_v 9000_o of_o they_o upon_o the_o spot_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o their_o cannon_n and_o baggage_n if_o the_o muscovite_n have_v be_v as_o careful_a in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o demetrius_n as_o they_o be_v fortunate_a in_o obtain_v the_o victory_n and_o have_v send_v their_o horse_n of_o which_o they_o have_v a_o considerable_a number_n immediate_o after_o to_o disperse_v such_o of_o the_o polish_v troop_n as_o be_v retreat_v in_o several_a body_n towards_o ribscum_n they_o may_v without_o question_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n at_o this_o one_o stroke_n or_o at_o least_o have_v drive_v he_o quite_o out_o of_o muscovy_n but_o instead_o of_o pursue_v their_o advantage_n they_o besiege_v krom_n which_o defend_v
they_o say_v be_v occasion_v by_o the_o child_n have_v receive_v a_o name_n not_o suitable_a to_o its_o constitution_n and_o therefore_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v it_o another_o they_o love_v to_o do_v their_o private_a devotion_n upon_o hill_n or_o near_o a_o tree_n in_o which_o have_v make_v several_a incision_n and_o tie_v it_o up_o with_o some_o red_a stuff_n they_o there_o offer_v their_o prayer_n which_o always_o tend_v to_o some_o benefit_n of_o this_o life_n the_o peasant_n about_o revel_n and_o narva_n go_v once_o a_o year_n viz._n on_o the_o day_n of_o our_o lady_n visitation_n on_o pilgrimage_n to_o a_o old_a ruine_a chapel_n betwixt_o these_o two_o city_n where_o kneel_v before_o a_o great_a stone_n that_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o they_o offer_v fruit_n and_o flesh_n as_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o themselves_o and_o their_o cattle_n the_o whole_a end_n with_o dance_a drink_v and_o sometime_o fight_v all_o this_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o their_o ignorance_n as_o stubbornness_n for_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o village_n but_o what_o have_v a_o church_n and_o minister_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o province_n reside_v at_o revel_n keep_v as_o watchful_a a_o eye_n as_o possible_o he_o can_v over_o the_o clergy_n beside_o which_o the_o catechism_n the_o gospel_n and_o epistle_n with_o certain_a explication_n add_v to_o it_o have_v be_v long_o ago_o translate_v into_o their_o native_a tongue_n for_o their_o general_a benefit_n but_o all_o this_o have_v prove_v insufficient_a to_o root_v out_o of_o these_o stubborn_a peasant_n the_o remnant_n of_o their_o idolatrous_a superstition_n their_o wedding_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n as_o odd_a as_o some_o other_o of_o their_o custom_n wedding_n their_o wedding_n for_o if_o a_o peasant_n marry_v a_o country_n lass_n out_o of_o another_o village_n he_o get_v on_o horseback_n with_o a_o stick_v cleave_v at_o the_o top_n wherein_o be_v put_v a_o brass_n piece_n of_o money_n thus_o equip_v and_o accompany_v by_o two_o of_o his_o friend_n with_o naked_a sword_n in_o their_o hand_n and_o a_o bagpiper_n ride_v before_o he_o he_o come_v to_o fetch_v the_o bride_n who_o he_o set_v behind_o he_o and_o have_v make_v she_o embrace_v he_o with_o the_o right-hand_a away_o he_o ride_v to_o the_o house_n where_o the_o marriage_n be_v to_o be_v consummate_v when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o door_n his_o two_o friend_n give_v each_o of_o they_o a_o stroke_n with_o their_o sword_n cross_v the_o door_n of_o the_o house_n which_o be_v open_v he_o give_v the_o brass_n piece_n of_o money_n to_o the_o first_o he_o meet_v with_o there_o be_v enter_v his_o two_o friend_n stick_v their_o sword_n into_o a_o beam_n direct_o over_o his_o head_n which_o they_o pretend_v to_o be_v do_v to_o prevent_v charm_n for_o which_o purpose_n also_o the_o bride_n as_o she_o come_v along_o the_o road_n scatter_v little_a piece_n of_o some_o red_a stuff_n or_o another_o by_o the_o way_n but_o especial_o where_o any_o cross-way_n meet_v or_o near_o any_o cross_n which_o be_v put_v upon_o the_o grave_n of_o little_a child_n which_o die_v without_o baptism_n who_o they_o bury_v in_o the_o highway_n they_o have_v however_o one_o custom_n which_o among_o people_n so_o barbarous_a seem_v to_o have_v something_o extraordinary_a in_o it_o for_o after_o the_o bride_n and_o bridegroom_n be_v set_v down_o at_o the_o table_n with_o the_o guest_n they_o do_v tarry_v long_a there_o but_o within_o half_a a_o hour_n leave_v the_o guest_n to_o themselves_o they_o get_v to_o bed_n after_o have_v for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o hour_n try_v one_o another_o vigour_n return_v to_o the_o table_n where_o with_o drink_v and_o dance_v they_o spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o day_n and_o follow_a night_n till_o what_o with_o weariness_n and_o what_o with_o drunkenness_n their_o leg_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o when_o they_o all_o pig_n together_o in_o one_o nest_n as_o for_o their_o garment_n they_o be_v suitable_a to_o their_o wretched_a condition_n to_o wit_n of_o a_o coarse_a cloth_n the_o woman_n petticoat_n be_v without_o any_o plait_n like_o a_o sack_n those_o who_o have_v be_v able_a to_o save_v a_o little_a by_o their_o drudgery_n beyond_o the_o rest_n wear_v about_o their_o neck_n a_o necklace_n of_o plate_n of_o silver_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o crown_n piece_n and_o upon_o the_o breast_n one_o hang_v down_o by_o a_o chain_n as_o big_a as_o a_o trencher_n but_o not_o very_o thick_a their_o shoe_n be_v either_o make_v out_o of_o the_o bark_n of_o tree_n or_o raw_a leather_n of_o a_o cow_n hide_v but_o because_o we_o have_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v here_o of_o the_o superstition_n of_o these_o demi-christian_a peasant_n in_o livonia_n it_o will_v not_o be_v altogether_o beyond_o our_o scope_n to_o subjoin_v here_o some_o memorable_a observation_n not_o common_o know_v concern_v the_o religion_n sacrifice_n and_o certain_a custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o livonia_n prussia_n lithuania_n russia_n and_o some_o other_o neighbour_a sarmatian_a nation_n when_o pagan_n forasmuch_o as_o there_o do_v not_o only_o appear_v a_o great_a congruity_n betwixt_o they_o and_o some_o of_o these_o idolatrous_a superstition_n we_o have_v just_a now_o relate_v of_o the_o livonian_a peasantry_n but_o also_o by_o make_v a_o due_a comparison_n a_o great_a many_o custom_n retain_v to_o this_o day_n by_o the_o northern_a nation_n and_o among_o they_o more-especial_o by_o the_o russian_n as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o their_o carnaval_n marriage_n funeral_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v observe_v to_o owe_v their_o first_o offspring_n to_o their_o pagan_a ancestor_n these_o nation_n before_o they_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v many_o god_n unto_o who_o they_o use_v to_o offer_v their_o sacrifice_n occopirnus_n be_v call_v by_o they_o the_o god_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n antrimpus_n be_v the_o god_n of_o the_o sea_n gardvates_n the_o god_n and_o patron_n of_o the_o seafaring_a man_n these_o three_o be_v reckon_v equivalent_a among_o they_o to_o jupiter_n neptune_n and_o portuninus_n by_o the_o roman_n beside_o these_o potrympus_n be_v their_o god_n of_o all_o river_n and_o fountain_n pilvitus_n the_o god_n of_o riches_n perguboius_n the_o god_n of_o the_o spring_n pargnus_fw-la the_o god_n of_o thunder_n and_o tempest_n poctus_fw-la the_o god_n of_o darkness_n and_o infernal_a spirit_n poccollus_n the_o god_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o air_n putscaetus_n the_o god_n of_o sacred_a wood_n and_o grove_n ausceutus_n the_o god_n of_o health_n and_o sickness_n marcoppol_n the_o god_n of_o nobleman_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v those_o they_o call_v backtuâ—s_n or_o erdmanlein_n by_o the_o german_n that_o be_v to_o say_v live_v under_o ground_n and_o some_o other_o spirit_n which_o use_v to_o appear_v to_o they_o in_o the_o russian_a tongue_n call_v colkie_a by_o the_o greek_n coboli_n and_o cobold_n in_o the_o german_a language_n on_o st._n george_n day_n they_o use_v to_o offer_v their_o sacrifice_n to_o pergubrius_n the_o god_n of_o flower_n plant_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o follow_a manner_n the_o priest_n hold_v a_o cup_n of_o beer_n in_o his_o right_a hand_n adore_v the_o idol_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o call_v he_o by_o his_o name_n sing_v thus_o in_o his_o praise_n thou_o drive_v away_o the_o wâ—nter_n thoâ—_n restorest_n to_o we_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o spring_n it_o be_v owe_v to_o thy_o power_n that_o our_o field_n and_o garden_n appear_v â—ine_o and_o green_a and_o that_o the_o tree_n and_o forest_n be_v cover_v with_o leave_n have_v finish_v this_o song_n the_o priest_z taking_z hold_v of_o the_o cup_n of_o beer_n with_o his_o tooth_n drink_v it_o off_o quite_o without_o the_o help_n of_o his_o hand_n when_o he_o throw_v it_o backward_o over_o his_o head_n the_o cup_n be_v take_v up_o from_o the_o ground_n and_o replenish_v with_o the_o same_o liquor_n all_o that_o be_v present_a drink_n one_o after_o another_o sing_v the_o abovementioned_a hymn_n in_o praise_n of_o the_o idol_n and_o spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o day_n in_o feast_v and_o dance_v when_o the_o harvest-time_n begin_v to_o approach_v the_o country_n people_n use_v to_o perform_v the_o same_o sacrifice_n which_o in_o the_o russian_a language_n they_o call_v zazinck_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o harvest_n the_o sacrifice_n be_v over_o they_o use_v to_o choose_v one_o of_o those_o that_o be_v present_a to_o begin_v the_o harvest_n who_o cut_v down_o immediate_o a_o handful_n of_o corn_n carry_v it_o to_o his_o house_n till_o next_o day_n when_o first_o he_o and_o his_o servant_n and_o then_o the_o rest_n begin_v the_o harvest_n which_o be_v end_v they_o use_v again_o to_o meet_v and_o perform_v the_o same_o
be_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o pole_n who_o have_v take_v it_o from_o the_o muscovite_n till_o in_o the_o year_n 1562_o the_o swede_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o but_o be_v however_o three_o year_n after_o recover_v by_o the_o pole_n by_o stratagem_n and_o ten_o year_n after_o that_o take_v by_o the_o muscovite_n who_o remain_v in_o possession_n of_o it_o till_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a treaty_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o pole_n this_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o livonia_n be_v surrender_v to_o the_o latter_a the_o swede_n retake_v it_o from_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o year_n 1617._o and_o have_v keep_v it_o ever_o since_o by_o the_o ensue_a treatise_n betwixt_o these_o two_o crown_n the_o three_o province_n of_o livonia_n courland_n courland_n be_v the_o duchy_n of_o courland_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o former_a by_o the_o river_n dune_n this_o province_n be_v miserable_o ruin_v during_o the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n pole_n and_o swede_n and_o when_o the_o master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o riga_n be_v force_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o protection_n of_o poland_n with_o all_o that_o be_v remain_v under_o their_o jurisdiction_n sigismond_n augustus_n king_n of_o poland_n make_v courland_n a_o dukedom_n which_o he_o bestow_v upon_o goddard_n kettler_n of_o nesselroth_n last_o master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n in_o livonia_n to_o be_v hold_v as_o a_o fief_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n but_o william_n the_o young_a son_n of_o this_o goddard_n who_o enjoy_v the_o dukedom_n after_o his_o elder_a brother_n frederick_n die_v without_o issue_n be_v dispossess_v of_o it_o by_o sigismond_n iii_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v force_v to_o live_v in_o exile_n till_o the_o year_n 1619._o when_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o several_a foreign_a prince_n he_o be_v re-establish_v in_o his_o dukedom_n who_o posterity_n enjoy_v it_o to_o this_o day_n it_o be_v capital_a city_n be_v goldingen_n but_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n be_v at_o mittaw_n mittaw_n mittaw_n situate_v in_o that_o part_n of_o courland_n which_o be_v call_v semgalle_n above_o thirty_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n of_o riga_n during_o the_o first_o war_n betwixt_o the_o pole_n and_o swode_n the_o latter_a take_v the_o city_n of_o mittaw_n which_o they_o fortify_v and_o keep_v in_o their_o possession_n till_o the_o year_n 1629_o when_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o truce_n then_o agree_v on_o betwixt_o these_o two_o crown_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o courland_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o gulf_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n couri-chaf_a or_o lake_n of_o courland_n be_v a_o pleasant_a little_a town_n memel_fw-la memel_fw-la call_v memel_fw-la by_o the_o german_n and_o cleupeda_n by_o the_o courlander_n it_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o river_n tange_fw-la which_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o fall_v into_o the_o gulf_n it_o be_v castle_n be_v extreme_o pleasant_o situate_v and_o well_o fortify_v and_o its_o harbour_n very_o commodious_a it_o be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1250_o and_o belong_v to_o the_o friar_n of_o the_o order_n of_o livonia_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1328_o sell_v it_o to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o prussia_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o truce_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o pole_n and_o swede_n in_o the_o year_n 1635_o this_o city_n and_o that_o duchy_n be_v absolute_o surrender_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o remain_v ever_o since_o in_o full_a possession_n of_o it_o the_o country_n of_o livonia_n itself_o be_v not_o know_v in_o these_o part_n till_o in_o the_o year_n 1158._o when_v a_o certain_a ship_n of_o bremen_n be_v force_v by_o a_o tempest_n into_o the_o gulf_n of_o riga_n the_o merchant_n of_o that_o city_n begin_v to_o establish_v a_o commerce_n and_o soon_o after_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o this_o country_n its_o inhabitant_n have_v be_v all_o pagan_n before_o that_o time_n of_o who_o superstition_n and_o sacrifice_n we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v anon_o the_o first_o that_o preach_v the_o gospel_n among_o they_o be_v menard_n a_o monk_n of_o segeberg_n afterward_o in_o the_o year_n 1170._o make_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o livonia_n by_o alexander_n iii_o pope_n of_o rome_n his_o successor_n bertold_v a_o monk_n of_o the_o order_n of_o white_a friar_n not_o follow_v the_o footstep_n of_o his_o predecessor_n be_v for_o employ_v the_o sword_n in_o convert_v these_o idolatrous_a people_n who_o have_v take_v up_o arm_n kill_v he_o with_o above_o 10000_o christian_n so_o that_o the_o christian_a interest_n be_v in_o the_o utmost_a danger_n of_o have_v be_v quite_o lose_v in_o that_o country_n have_v not_o the_o prudence_n of_o albert_n a_o canon_n of_o bremen_n and_o successor_n to_o bertold_v in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o livonia_n in_o part_n restore_v what_o the_o former_a have_v lose_v for_o he_o knight_n livonian_a knight_n the_o better_a to_o establish_v the_o christian_a interest_n in_o these_o part_n by_o the_o authority_n receive_v from_o pope_n innocent_n iii_o lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o livonian_a knight_n or_o friar_n of_o the_o short_a sword_n so_o call_v because_o they_o wear_v on_o their_o white_a cloak_n a_o red_a short_a sword_n with_o a_o star_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n which_o they_o have_v change_v since_o into_o two_o short_a sword_n salter-wise_a they_o be_v oblige_v almost_o to_o the_o same_o rule_n with_o the_o knights-templar_n be_v to_o fight_v against_o the_o infidel_n and_o barbarian_n and_o to_o have_v the_o three_o part_n of_o all_o that_o they_o gain_v from_o their_o enemy_n but_o in_o regard_n this_o new_a religious_a order_n at_o first_o be_v scarce_o sufficient_a to_o subsist_v upon_o its_o own_o bottom_n it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o order_n of_o st._n mary_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o year_n 1238._o in_o the_o person_n of_o herman_n balek_n grand_a master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n in_o prussia_n since_o which_o time_n the_o master_n of_o the_o livonian_a order_n have_v a_o dependence_n from_o the_o grand_a master_n of_o that_o order_n till_o be_v hardly_o press_v upon_o by_o the_o muscovite_n they_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n first_o claim_v the_o title_n over_o these_o lord_n or_o master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o livonia_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1513._o they_o become_v entire_o subject_n of_o the_o empire_n when_o the_o archbishop_n of_o riga_n with_o his_o suffragans_fw-la and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o knightly_a order_n who_o have_v in_o part_n free_v himself_o of_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o grand_a master_n of_o prussia_n be_v receive_v among_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o muscovite_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o convenient_a situation_n have_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n look_v upon_o it_o with_o a_o wishful_a eye_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1501._o enter_v it_o with_o a_o very_a powerful_a army_n but_o be_v vanquish_v in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n fight_v betwixt_o they_o and_o walter_n de_fw-fr plattenbergh_n master_n of_o the_o livonian_a order_n where_o 40000_o muscovite_n be_v kill_v upon_o the_o spot_n which_o oblige_v they_o to_o make_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o livonian_o for_o fifty_o year_n this_o be_v expire_v the_o grand_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n john_n basilovit_n be_v flush_v with_o his_o late_a conquest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o casan_n and_o astrachan_n and_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o difference_n that_o be_v then_o betwixt_o the_o master_n of_o the_o knightly_a order_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o riga_n enter_v livonia_n with_o a_o numerous_a army_n and_o have_v ruin_v all_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o derpt_a or_o torpat_v and_o wirland_n retreat_v into_o muscovy_n this_o have_v put_v the_o whole_a country_n into_o a_o great_a consternation_n they_o be_v for_o seek_v aid_n in_o all_o part_n and_o have_v make_v their_o first_o application_n to_o the_o empire_n but_o with_o little_a success_n the_o city_n of_o revel_n which_o be_v the_o most_o expose_v of_o all_o offer_v to_o put_v itself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n which_o have_v be_v refuse_v they_o have_v recourse_n to_o eric_n king_n of_o sweden_n who_o likewise_o refuse_v they_o the_o desire_a succour_n of_o man_n and_o money_n unless_o they_o will_v put_v themselves_o under_o his_o protection_n in_o which_o case_n he_o will_v maintain_v they_o in_o their_o privilege_n the_o city_n and_o adjacent_a nobility_n separate_v from_o the_o master_n of_o the_o order_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n in_o the_o year_n 1560._o in_o the_o mean_a while_n
of_o the_o stomach_n the_o cellar_n of_o person_n of_o quality_n be_v always_o well_o furnish_v with_o hydromel_n or_o mead_n aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la strong_a beer_n sack_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o strong_a wine_n for_o the_o rhinish_a and_o french_a wine_n be_v in_o no_o great_a esteem_n among_o they_o as_o be_v not_o strong_a enough_o they_o brew_v their_o strong_a beer_n as_o we_o do_v in_o march_n and_o to_o keep_v it_o cool_v their_o cellar_n not_o be_v vault_a during_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n they_o make_v a_o bed_n of_o ice_n and_o snow_n mix_v together_o and_o then_o a_o layer_n of_o barrel_n upon_o they_o another_o bed_n of_o ice_n and_o then_o again_o a_o row_n of_o barrel_n which_o they_o cover_v with_o straw_n and_o plank_n which_o serve_v for_o a_o vault_n they_o be_v very_o splendid_a in_o their_o clothes_n and_o equipage_n be_v attend_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o slave_n all_o which_o however_o they_o do_v without_o any_o great_a expense_n for_o asmuch_o as_o what_o provision_n they_o want_v for_o themselves_o and_o their_o horse_n be_v bring_v from_o their_o farm_n in_o the_o country_n and_o as_o for_o those_o slave_n they_o entertain_v in_o the_o city_n they_o allow_v they_o board-wage_n but_o so_o scanty_o that_o they_o can_v scarce_o live_v upon_o it_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a cause_n that_o so_o many_o riot_n and_o murder_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n and_o that_o in_o hay-making_a time_n the_o road_n lead_v to_o this_o city_n be_v so_o unsafe_a to_o travel_v there_o be_v about_o that_o time_n so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o slave_n abroad_o work_v in_o the_o field_n person_n of_o quality_n and_o the_o rich_a merchant_n in_o musco_n keep_v for_o this_o reason_n a_o guard_n in_o their_o court_n who_o watch_v all_o night_n and_o be_v to_o knock_v every_o hour_n with_o a_o stick_n upon_o a_o board_n interment_n their_o interment_n as_o many_o knock_n at_o a_o time_n as_o the_o clock_n have_v strike_v hour_n they_o be_v very_o ceremonious_a in_o their_o interment_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o sick_a person_n depart_v but_o all_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n come_v and_o stand_v about_o the_o body_n make_v most_o horrid_a outcry_n and_o lamentation_n they_o ask_v he_o why_o he_o will_v die_v whether_o he_o want_v meat_n and_o drink_v whether_o he_o have_v not_o a_o handsome_a wife_n and_o such_o like_a question_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v take_v care_n of_o be_v to_o send_v a_o present_a to_o the_o priest_n to_o pray_v for_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o decease_a party_n which_o he_o be_v to_o do_v morning_n and_o evening_n for_o six_o week_n upon_o his_o grave_n for_o though_o the_o muscovite_n do_v not_o believe_v purgatory_n yet_o they_o believe_v two_o different_a place_n where_o the_o soul_n retire_v till_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n some_o they_o say_v abide_v in_o a_o pleasant_a place_n where_o they_o enjoy_v the_o conversation_n of_o angel_n other_o in_o a_o dark_a valley_n where_o they_o be_v pester_v with_o the_o company_n of_o devil_n they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o by_o the_o prayer_n of_o priest_n and_o monk_n the_o soul_n may_v be_v deliver_v out_o of_o this_o place_n of_o misery_n and_o god_n wrath_n be_v appease_v against_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n for_o which_o reason_n also_o those_o that_o be_v able_a give_v frequent_a alm_n during_o these_o six_o week_n before_o it_o be_v put_v into_o the_o coffin_n which_o be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o trunk_n of_o a_o tree_n the_o body_n be_v well_o wash_v the_o shroud_n or_o a_o clean_a shirt_n put_v about_o it_o and_o a_o pair_n of_o new_a shoe_n on_o the_o foot_n with_o the_o arm_n across_o the_o breast_n at_o the_o funeral_n solemnity_n ceremony_n funeral_n ceremony_n the_o priest_n go_v first_o carrying_z the_o image_n of_o that_o saint_n which_o have_v be_v assign_v the_o decease_a at_o his_o baptism_n for_o his_o patron_n he_o follow_v four_o virgin_n the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o decease_a who_o represent_v the_o mourner_n and_o make_v most_o horrid_a outcry_n and_o lamentation_n all_o in_o a_o tune_n not_o unlike_o the_o wild_a irish_a then_o follow_v the_o body_n carry_v by_o six_o man_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n follow_v the_o body_n without_o any_o order_n with_o wax-candle_n in_o their_o hand_n whilst_o the_o priest_n be_v sing_v certain_a psalm_n they_o surround_v the_o body_n and_o by_o their_o incense_v keep_v off_o the_o evil_a spirit_n be_v come_v to_o the_o grave_a the_o coffin_n be_v uncover_v and_o the_o same_o saint_n that_o be_v carry_v before_o the_o procession_n be_v hold_v over_o he_o the_o priest_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n say_v certain_a prayer_n and_o repeat_v frequent_o these_o word_n lord_n look_v upon_o this_o soul_n in_o righteousness_n and_o the_o widow_n continue_v but_o how_o hearty_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v guess_v consider_v their_o usage_n her_o former_a lamentation_n timming_n dooshink_v alas_o my_o dear_a why_o will_v thou_o leave_v i_o thus_o and_o repeat_v the_o same_o question_n we_o have_v mention_v before_o then_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n take_v their_o last_o farewell_n of_o the_o decease_a some_o kiss_v he_o some_o the_o coffin_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o priest_n have_v put_v a_o testimonial_a between_o his_o finger_n which_o be_v to_o serve_v he_o as_o a_o pass_n for_o the_o other_o world_n the_o coffin_n be_v shut_v up_o and_o put_v into_o the_o grave_a with_o the_o face_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o kindred_n after_o have_v pay_v their_o devotion_n to_o the_o image_n return_v to_o the_o house_n where_o they_o drown_v their_o sorrow_n in_o strong_a liquor_n the_o mourn_a be_v continue_v for_o forty_o day_n after_o during_o which_o the_o kindred_n be_v entertain_v at_o three_o several_a time_n viz._n the_o three_o the_o nine_o and_o twenty_o day_n and_o during_o this_o time_n of_o mourn_v the_o priest_n read_v twice_o a_o day_n as_o we_o mention_v before_o the_o psalm_n upon_o the_o grave_a have_v a_o little_a booth_n make_v up_o of_o mat_n to_o shelter_v he_o from_o the_o wether_n the_o testimonial_a or_o pass_v for_o his_o admittance_n into_o the_o other_o world_n be_v sign_v by_o the_o patriarch_n or_o metropolitan_a of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o confessor_n who_o sell_v it_o according_a to_o the_o ability_n of_o those_o that_o be_v to_o buy_v it_o this_o testimonial_a run_v thus_o we_o who_o name_n be_v hereunto_o subscribe_v the_o patriarch_n or_o metropolitan_a and_o priest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o n._n do_v certify_v by_o these_o present_n that_o the_o bearer_n hereof_o have_v always_o behave_v himself_o and_o live_v among_o we_o as_o become_v a_o good_a christian_a profess_v the_o greek_a religion_n and_o though_o he_o may_v have_v commit_v some_o sin_n he_o have_v confess_v the_o same_o whereupon_o he_o have_v receive_v absolution_n and_o take_v the_o communion_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o his_o sin_n that_o he_o have_v honour_v god_n and_o his_o saint_n that_o he_o have_v not_o neglect_v his_o prayer_n and_o have_v fast_v on_o the_o hour_n and_o day_n appoint_v by_o the_o church_n and_o that_o he_o have_v always_o behave_v himself_o towards_o i_o who_o be_o his_o confessor_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o he_o nor_o to_o deny_v he_o the_o absolution_n of_o his_o sin_n in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v give_v he_o these_o testimonial_n to_o the_o end_n that_o st._n peter_n upon_o sight_n of_o they_o may_v not_o deny_v he_o the_o open_n of_o the_o gate_n of_o eternal_a bliss_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o civil_a government_n law_n and_o justiciary_a proceed_n of_o the_o muscovite_n the_o state_n of_o muscovy_n or_o its_o political_a government_n of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v in_o this_o chapter_n be_v not_o only_o monarchical_a but_o also_o despotical_a or_o absolute_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o czar_n be_v sole_a and_o absolute_a master_n over_o all_o his_o subject_n dispose_n without_o control_v of_o their_o life_n and_o estate_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o in_o most_o ancient_a time_n do_v the_o king_n of_o assyria_n media_n and_o persia_n who_o govern_v their_o subject_n not_o otherwise_o than_o a_o lord_n do_v his_o slave_n and_o as_o it_o be_v to_o this_o day_n in_o turkey_n where_o the_o grand_a signior_n dispose_v of_o the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o his_o subject_n at_o pleasure_n the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n possess_v with_o so_o uncontrolled_a a_o power_n as_o hereditary_a sovereign_n of_o these_o vast_a country_n we_o have_v give_v a_o short_a description_n of_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o knez_n or_o lord_n so_o great_a in_o all_o these_o vast_a dominion_n but_o who_o without_o reluctancy_n confess_v that_o
there_o be_v one_o general_a pricas_n or_o court_n of_o justice_n where_o all_o matter_n that_o do_v not_o appertain_v to_o any_o peculiar_a pricas_n be_v determine_v this_o be_v call_v siskoi_n pricas_n all_o the_o diack_n or_o secretary_n clerk_n and_o copier_n of_o these_o court_n be_v very_o well_o skill_v in_o write_v and_o arithmetic_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o they_o perform_v by_o the_o help_n of_o plumb-stone_n instead_o of_o compter_n they_o keep_v their_o register_n in_o roll_n of_o paper_n past_v together_o which_o be_v 30_o or_o 40_o yard_n long_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o office_n the_o boyar_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o each_o court_n and_o have_v his_o secretary_n and_o assessor_n determine_v final_o all_o such_o cause_n as_o come_v under_o his_o cognisance_n he_o be_v the_o representative_a of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n former_o most_o of_o these_o cause_n depend_v from_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o judge_n muscovy_n law_n of_o muscovy_n there_o be_v very_o few_o law_n establish_v then_o according_a to_o which_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v give_v they_o only_o be_v concern_v high_a treason_n adultery_n theft_n and_o debt_n between_o private_a person_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1647_o a_o book_n be_v compile_v in_o folio_n under_o the_o title_n of_o soborna_n vlosienia_n that_o be_v to_o say_v universal_a and_o general_a right_n contain_v all_o the_o several_a law_n and_o ordinance_n according_a to_o which_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o regulate_v themselves_o in_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n in_o civil_a case_n they_o proceed_v thus_o if_o there_o be_v no_o sufficient_a evidence_n on_o the_o plaintiff_n side_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n allege_v against_o the_o defendant_n the_o latter_a be_v ask_v whether_o he_o will_v by_o his_o oath_n confirm_v the_o answer_n give_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n declaration_n or_o else_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n oath_n he_o who_o consent_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o one_o of_o their_o saint_n where_o be_v admonish_v and_o ask_v whether_o he_o will_v take_v this_o oath_n upon_o the_o salvation_n of_o his_o soul_n if_o he_o persist_v in_o his_o resolution_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o kiss_v a_o little_a cross_n and_o the_o saint_n image_n those_o that_o have_v take_v a_o oath_n though_o never_o so_o true_a be_v look_v upon_o as_o scandalous_a and_o be_v not_o admit_v to_o the_o communion_n in_o three_o year_n after_o for_o which_o reason_n and_o to_o obviate_v perjury_n which_o be_v pretty_a common_a here_o the_o great_a duke_n make_v a_o edict_n in_o the_o year_n 1634_o that_o all_o promise_n or_o obligation_n whether_o for_o money_n or_o pawn_v though_o between_o father_n and_o son_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o write_v sign_v by_o both_o party_n under_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o debt_n perjury_n be_v punish_v by_o a_o severe_a whip_n and_o banishment_n stranger_n take_v their_o oath_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o several_a country_n and_o religion_n in_o criminal_a case_n the_o accuse_v can_v be_v condemn_v altho'never_o so_o many_o witness_n appear_v against_o he_o unless_o he_o confess_v the_o fact_n to_o force_v therefore_o criminal_n to_o a_o confession_n of_o the_o truth_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o torture_n which_o have_v its_o several_a degree_n the_o first_o be_v the_o strappado_n when_o they_o hang_v the_o malefactor_n with_o his_o hand_n tie_v behind_o in_o the_o air_n have_v fasten_v to_o his_o foot_n a_o great_a beam_n upon_o which_o the_o executioner_n ever_o and_o anon_o get_v up_o to_o further_o the_o dislocation_n of_o the_o member_n and_o consequent_o to_o augment_v the_o pain_n under_o his_o foot_n be_v make_v a_o fire_n which_o with_o the_o smoke_n and_o heat_n stifle_n and_o burn_v he_o if_o they_o do_v think_v this_o sufficient_a they_o shave_v his_o head_n and_z as_o he_o be_v thus_o hang_v drop_v gradual_o cold_a water_n upon_o the_o crown_n of_o his_o head_n which_o be_v the_o most_o exquisite_a torment_n that_o can_v be_v invent_v whip_v in_o muscovy_n be_v perform_v thus_o a_o lusty_a fellow_n one_o of_o the_o executioner_n man_n after_o have_v strip_v they_o to_o the_o middle_n take_v up_o one_o by_o one_o upon_o his_o back_n much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o boy_n in_o england_n be_v horse_v by_o their_o fellow-scholar_n at_o school_n and_o have_v tie_v their_o foot_n together_o with_o a_o cord_n which_o come_v through_o the_o leg_n of_o he_o that_o hold_v they_o up_o be_v hold_v by_o another_o servant_n of_o the_o executioner_n so_o fast_o that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o stir_v the_o executioner_n with_o a_o bull_n pizzle_n have_v fasten_v to_o the_o end_n of_o it_o three_o strap_n of_o a_o elk_n skin_n not_o tan_v lay_v it_o on_o their_o back_n with_o so_o much_o dexterity_n and_o strength_n that_o at_o every_o lash_n the_o blood_n gush_v out_o on_o all_o side_n heretofore_o these_o punishment_n be_v not_o account_v infamous_a and_o be_v inflict_v upon_o person_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n but_o time_n have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n correct_v that_o error_n beside_o this_o they_o have_v another_o way_n of_o chastisement_n which_o be_v also_o use_v in_o family_n for_o the_o correction_n of_o child_n and_o slave_n he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v thus_o correct_v after_o have_v pull_v off_o his_o clothes_n to_o the_o shirt_n and_o drawer_n be_v lay_v down_o upon_o the_o ground_n flat_a upon_o his_o belly_n one_o sit_v across_o his_o head_n and_o neck_n another_o upon_o his_o foot_n each_o of_o they_o furnish_v with_o a_o good_a switch_n wherewith_o they_o sound_o tickle_v his_o back_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o beat_v the_o dust_n out_o of_o clothes_n or_o hang_n murder_n be_v a_o capital_a crime_n unless_o no_o body_n prosecute_v it_o or_o it_o be_v that_o a_o man_n kill_v his_o wife_n or_o slave_n under_o correction_n he_o that_o have_v commit_v a_o murder_n after_o he_o have_v be_v keep_v with_o bread_n and_o water_n in_o close_a prison_n have_v his_o head_n cut_v off_o but_o if_o a_o wife_n kill_v her_o husband_n she_o be_v put_v in_o the_o ground_n alive_a up_o to_o the_o neck_n till_o she_o die_v the_o punishment_n of_o coiner_n be_v to_o have_v some_o metal_n ready_a melt_v pour_v down_o their_o throat_n traitor_n after_o they_o have_v be_v torment_v to_o the_o high_a degree_n be_v often_o banish_v into_o siberia_n some_o with_o their_o nose_n and_o ear_n crop_v some_o without_o eye_n some_o be_v put_v under_o the_o ice_n hang_v have_v not_o be_v long_o in_o use_n in_o russia_n but_o what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a be_v that_o the_o malefactor_n most_o common_o at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o hangmâ—n_n put_v his_o neck_n through_o the_o noose_n and_o turn_v himself_o off_o â—uch_o particular_a admirer_n be_v the_o russian_n of_o passive_a obedience_n theft_n be_v not_o capital_a in_o muscovy_n but_o they_o be_v not_o spare_v in_o apply_v to_o they_o the_o torture_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o their_o accomplice_n the_o first_o time_n after_o a_o sound_a whip_n across_o the_o marketplace_n they_o have_v one_o ear_n cut_v off_o and_o be_v imprison_v for_o two_o year_n the_o second_o time_n they_o receive_v the_o same_o punishment_n but_o as_o a_o additional_a chastisement_n be_v banish_v into_o siberia_n the_o concealer_n and_o receiver_n undergo_v the_o same_o punishment_n those_o that_o sell_v tobacco_n and_o aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la without_o licence_n have_v their_o nostril_n slit_v or_o else_o be_v whip_v how_o they_o punish_v adultery_n be_v mention_v before_o those_o that_o be_v uncapable_a of_o pay_v their_o debt_n be_v use_v with_o a_o most_o barbarous_a severity_n for_o if_o any_o one_o happen_v to_o fail_v of_o pay_v at_o the_o time_n prefix_v he_o be_v put_v in_o a_o sergeant_n house_n for_o some_o time_n to_o see_v whether_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o can_v make_v satisfaction_n or_o agree_v with_o the_o creditor_n if_o he_o can_v he_o be_v carry_v to_o prison_n and_o from_o thence_o bring_v every_o day_n to_o a_o certain_a place_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n where_o for_o a_o whole_a hour_n the_o executioner_n beat_v he_o with_o a_o pretty_a thick_a wand_n across_o the_o shinbone_n if_o he_o can_v put_v in_o security_n for_o his_o forthcoming_a the_o next_o day_n in_o order_n to_o receive_v the_o same_o chastisement_n he_o be_v permit_v to_o go_v home_o if_o not_o he_o be_v remand_v to_o prison_n and_o be_v to_o undergo_v the_o same_o every_o day_n till_o he_o have_v make_v satisfaction_n which_o if_o he_o can_v do_v at_o last_o he_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v as_o a_o slave_n to_o his_o creditor_n with_o wife_n and_o child_n but_o this_o last_o the_o muscovite_n be_v not_o much_o concern_v at_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o frequent_o fall_v themselves_o and_o their_o
put_v on_o a_o clean_a shirt_n if_o the_o russian_a woman_n be_v as_o constant_a church-woman_n as_o our_o lady_n they_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o build_v their_o porch_n big_a than_o the_o church_n most_o of_o these_o festival_n be_v also_o solemnize_v among_o the_o muscovite_n with_o procession_n among_o which_o that_o upon_o palm-sunday_n represent_v the_o entrance_n of_o our_o saviour_n into_o jerusalem_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n and_o the_o patriarch_n himself_o in_o the_o city_n of_o moscow_n and_o throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n by_o the_o wayvode_n and_o metropolitan_o of_o the_o province_n who_o represent_v the_o great_a duke_n and_o patriarch_n the_o great_a duke_n go_v from_o the_o castle_n palm-sunday_n processâ—â—on_n palm-sunday_n with_o the_o patriarch_n to_o the_o church_n call_v jerusalem_n without_o the_o castle-gate_n in_o the_o follow_a order_n after_o a_o hundred_o or_o more_o scavenger_n have_v clear_v the_o way_n through_o which_o the_o procession_n be_v to_o pass_v there_o first_o come_v a_o very_a large_a chariot_n most_o like_a a_o pageant_n draw_v by_o six_o horse_n in_o which_o be_v place_v a_o tree_n garnish_v with_o abundance_n of_o apple_n fig_n and_o grape_n which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o branch_n round_o about_o it_o be_v place_v four_o or_o five_o lad_n with_o surplisses_n sing_v hosannah_n next_o to_o the_o chariot_n come_v a_o great_a many_o priest_n in_o their_o surplice_n and_o cope_n some_o carry_v book_n and_o cross_n other_o banner_n and_o image_n upon_o long_a pole_n some_o sing_v other_o cast_z incense_n among_o the_o people_n after_o these_o march_v the_o duke_n factor_n and_o merchant_n then_o the_o secretary_n knez_fw-fr and_o boyare_n who_o go_v immediate_o before_o the_o great_a duke_n most_o of_o they_o with_o palm_n twig_n in_o their_o hand_n the_o grand_a duke_n himself_o march_v on_o foot_n rich_o clad_v with_o a_o crown_a bonnet_n upon_o his_o head_n support_v on_o both_o side_n by_o two_o of_o the_o principal_a bojare_n or_o counsellor_n of_o state_n and_o lead_v by_o the_o bridle_n which_o be_v three_o or_o four_o yard_n long_v the_o patriarch_n horse_n this_o horse_n which_o be_v cover_v all_o over_o with_o a_o white_a fine_a linen_n cloth_n be_v disguise_v like_o a_o ass_n with_o great_a artificial_a ear_n upon_o which_o the_o patriarch_n ride_v sideling_o have_v upon_o his_o head_n a_o round_a low_o crown_v cap_n with_o a_o narrow_a brim_n line_v with_o ermine_n and_o rich_o beser_fw-ge with_o pearl_n over_o which_o appear_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o diadem_n in_o his_o right_a hand_n he_o have_v a_o cross_n of_o diamond_n wherewith_o he_o bless_v the_o people_n who_o receive_v his_o benediction_n with_o very_o low_a submission_n bow_v their_o head_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n he_o be_v surround_v by_o metropolitan_o and_o other_o priest_n whereof_o some_o carry_v book_n other_o censer_n as_o they_o pass_v along_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o boy_n place_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n some_o of_o which_o pull_v off_o their_o upper_a garment_n which_o they_o scatter_v along_o the_o way_n other_o lay_v piece_n of_o cloth_n of_o several_a yardâ—_n long_o upon_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o great_a duke_n and_o 〈◊〉_d to_o pass_v over_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o thus_o they_o march_v to_o the_o above_o mention_v church_n where_o have_v stay_v above_o 〈◊〉_d a_o hour_n they_o return_v in_o the_o same_o order_n till_o they_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a platform_n where_o the_o patriarch_n after_o have_v present_v the_o czar_n and_o some_o of_o the_o bojare_n with_o palm-twig_n take_v off_o the_o great_a duke_n cap_n and_o have_v lay_v it_o upon_o a_o silver_n plate_n he_o present_v his_o diamond-cross_n to_o he_o to_o kiss_v this_o be_v do_v with_o a_o most_o profound_a reverence_n by_o the_o czar_n the_o patriarch_n wave_v it_o on_o high_a all_o round_o about_o first_o towards_o those_o upon_o the_o platform_n who_o also_o receive_v this_o benediction_n with_o the_o utmost_a respect_n and_o then_o to_o all_o the_o people_n who_o at_o the_o same_o instant_a prostrate_a themselves_o upon_o the_o ground_n especial_o the_o czar_n guard_n that_o attend_v there_o and_o upon_o this_o occasion_n appear_v the_o most_o zealous_a in_o their_o devotion_n they_o conclude_v with_o some_o hymn_n which_o have_v lengthen_v the_o whole_a devotion_n to_o a_o hour_n the_o procession_n march_v from_o thence_o back_o to_o the_o castle_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o go_v first_o to_o the_o church_n the_o patriarch_n as_o a_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o honour_n receive_v from_o his_o czarrish_a majesty_n in_o lead_v his_o horse_n present_v he_o with_o a_o purse_n contain_v to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o hundred_o guineas_n eight_o day_n after_o this_o procession_n be_v the_o feast_n of_o easter_n easter_n their_o easter_n which_o the_o muscovite_n celebrate_v with_o great_a ceremony_n and_o rejoice_n as_o well_o in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o resurrection_n of_o our_o saviour_n as_o that_o it_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o mortification_n which_o they_o have_v endure_v in_o their_o lent_n their_o rejoice_n continue_v for_o 15_o day_n during_o which_o they_o feast_n one_o another_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o good_a cheer_n and_o to_o make_v thmselves_fw-mi a_o full_a amends_o for_o their_o suffering_n during_o the_o lent_n they_o ply_v the_o drinking-house_n so_o warm_o that_o they_o be_v fill_v up_o every_o where_n with_o person_n of_o all_o sort_n man_n and_o woman_n ecclesiastic_n and_o laic_n and_o the_o street_n almost_o not_o to_o be_v pass_v for_o the_o multitude_n of_o drunkard_n at_o night_n they_o sell_v for_o these_o fifteen_o day_n egg_n ready_a dâ—ed_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o colour_n but_o especial_o of_o a_o red_a or_o crimson_a which_o they_o send_v as_o prâ—â—â—nts_n to_o one_o another_o to_o some_o one_o some_o two_o some_o three_o and_o if_o they_o meet_v one_o another_o in_o this_o 〈◊〉_d they_o salute_v one_o another_o with_o these_o word_n christ_n wos_n chrest_n that_o be_v christ_n be_v rise_v whereto_o the_o other_o have_v answer_v wâ—stin_n wo_v chre_v that_o be_v he_o be_v certain_o rise_v they_o kiss_v one_o another_o he_o that_o salute_v first_o be_v oblige_v to_o present_v the_o other_o with_o a_o egg_n no_o body_n of_o what_o condition_n sex_n or_o quality_n soever_o dare_v to_o refuse_v either_o the_o kiss_n or_o the_o egg._n the_o great_a duke_n himself_o do_v not_o only_o present_a egg_n to_o the_o principal_a counsellor_n and_o lord_n of_o his_o court_n but_o also_o to_o his_o military_a officer_n reside_v in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n who_o all_o come_v to_o kiss_v his_o hand_n and_o his_o majesty_n impart_v to_o they_o his_o royal_a benediction_n they_o have_v many_o such_o like_a procession_n october_n procession_n on_o the_o first_o of_o october_n upon_o several_a occasion_n and_o the_o great_a duke_n go_v frequent_o on_o pilgrimage_n with_o his_o whole_a court_n the_o first_o of_o october_n be_v among_o other_o day_n celebrate_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ceremony_n the_o great_a duke_n attend_v by_o his_o bojare_n and_o officer_n of_o his_o household_n and_o the_o patriarch_n accompany_v by_o some_o metropolitan_o and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o priest_n with_o book_n and_o cross_n in_o their_o hand_n go_v in_o procession_n to_o the_o same_o church_n we_o have_v mention_v before_o call_v by_o they_o that_o of_o the_o bless_a trinity_n and_o by_o the_o german_n and_o most_o other_o stranger_n jerusalem_n but_o before_o they_o come_v quite_o to_o the_o church_n there_o be_v a_o theatre_n erect_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o you_o go_v to_o it_o rail_v in_o all_o about_o before_o which_o be_v plant_v two_o great_a piece_n of_o cannon_n whereof_o the_o boar_n be_v near_o half_a a_o ell_n diameter_n the_o grand_a duke_n and_o patriarch_n without_o admit_v any_o 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occasion_n shall_v require_v be_v thus_o prepare_v they_o pitch_v upon_o the_o sixteenth_o of_o may_n which_o be_v a_o day_n appoint_v for_o a_o extraordinary_a feast_n in_o the_o castle_n be_v consequent_o spend_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o jollity_n and_o divertisment_n the_o guard_n be_v even_o dismiss_v upon_o this_o extraordinary_a occasion_n from_o their_o duty_n so_o that_o every_o thing_n conspire_v to_o facilitate_v the_o design_n of_o the_o conspirator_n it_o be_v resolve_v among_o they_o that_o at_o the_o close_n of_o the_o feast_n when_o the_o whole_a court_n shall_v be_v bury_v in_o strong_a liquor_n and_o sleep_v shall_v be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o tragedy_n they_o intend_v to_o act_v the_o next_o morning_n the_o very_a same_o night_n there_o happen_v a_o certain_a accident_n which_o have_v be_v likely_a to_o have_v once_o more_o spoil_v their_o whole_a design_n for_o a_o certain_a young_a fellow_n who_o be_v privy_a to_o the_o conspiracy_n drink_v with_o some_o of_o 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the_o marketplace_n and_o adjacent_a street_n that_o the_o pole_n who_o be_v late_o come_v along_o with_o the_o grand_a duchess_n be_v in_o arm_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o massacre_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n the_o citizen_n be_v soon_o 〈◊〉_d wake_v by_o those_o dreadful_a apprehension_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o conspirator_n who_o have_v dispeâ—ed_v themselves_o into_o those_o part_n of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o pole_n be_v lodge_v fall_v instant_o upon_o the_o poleâ—_n in_o their_o quarter_n who_o be_v all_o drink_v and_o asleep_a in_o their_o bed_n they_o kill_v most_o of_o they_o before_o they_o can_v be_v sensible_a of_o their_o danger_n the_o beginning_n of_o their_o project_v design_n have_v thus_o succeed_v according_a to_o wish_v knez_fw-fr basilizuski_a at_o the_o head_n of_o this_o party_n and_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n have_v by_o the_o massacre_n of_o the_o pole_n secure_v themselves_o against_o all_o opposition_n march_v direct_o 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the_o pole_n and_o lithuanian_n border_v upon_o muscovy_n be_v entice_v by_o the_o hope_n of_o reward_n and_o booty_n flock_v in_o great_a number_n to_o his_o camp_n so_o that_o see_v himself_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o encounter_v his_o enemy_n he_o march_v in_o quest_n of_o they_o and_o have_v find_v misinowski_n the_o muscovian_a general_n advantageous_o post_v at_o a_o strong_a pass_n he_o nevertheless_o attack_v he_o so_o furious_o that_o he_o entire_o rout_v they_o rout_v the_o zuskians_n rout_v kill_v near_o ten_o thousand_o upon_o the_o spot_n beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n among_o who_o be_v their_o general_n matthew_n misinowski_n himself_o this_o victory_n gain_v such_o a_o reputation_n to_o demetrius_n that_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o severia_n with_o some_o other_o adjacent_a place_n ready_o submit_v to_o his_o obedience_n acknowledge_v he_o for_o their_o true_a and_o undoubted_a sovereign_n and_o promise_v to_o furnish_v his_o army_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n but_o the_o pole_n be_v more_o especial_o encourage_v by_o this_o success_n to_o pursue_v their_o revenge_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o zuski_n send_v considerable_a supply_n to_o back_o the_o pretension_n of_o demetrius_n duke_n roman_n rosinski_n send_v a_o good_a body_n of_o choose_a horse_n under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o friend_n walareski_n adam_n wisnowiski_n charlinski_n mielski_n and_o several_a other_o lord_n of_o the_o first_o quality_n in_o poland_n soon_o after_o join_v he_o with_o such_o troop_n as_o they_o have_v raise_v in_o their_o respective_a country_n beside_o that_o a_o new_a body_n of_o 8000_o cosack_n upon_o the_o first_o news_n of_o his_o victory_n have_v declare_v for_o he_o and_o take_v service_n among_o his_o troop_n not_o long_o after_o duke_n rosinski_n be_v also_o arrive_v in_o the_o camp_n be_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o polish_v lord_n and_o other_o principal_a officer_n declare_v general_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n basilizuski_a have_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o apply_v all_o his_o care_n in_o get_v ready_a his_o recruit_n and_o make_v new_a levy_n throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o bring_v so_o formidable_a a_o army_n into_o the_o field_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o stop_v the_o further_a progress_n of_o his_o enemy_n for_o this_o end_n have_v form_v a_o army_n of_o above_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n and_o declare_v his_o brother_n demetrius_n zuski_n general_n he_o order_v he_o to_o march_v direct_o towards_o the_o pole_n and_o fight_v they_o wherever_o he_o meet_v they_o pursuant_n to_o these_o order_n the_o zuskian_n army_n march_v towards_o the_o city_n of_o bolchow_n where_o have_v fix_v their_o tent_n within_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n some_o day_n be_v spend_v in_o skirmish_n whilst_o the_o general_n of_o both_o party_n watch_v their_o opportunity_n of_o decide_v their_o quarrel_n by_o a_o battle_n to_o the_o best_a advantage_n it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o they_o find_v it_o be_v equal_o eager_a of_o engage_v for_o as_o i_o say_v before_o scarce_o have_v they_o lie_v thus_o encamp_v a_o few_o day_n but_o they_o see_v the_o zuskians_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n draw_v out_o to_o put_v themselves_o in_o battle_n array_n have_v detach_v a_o body_n of_o their_o best_a horse_n to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o some_o advantageous_a post_n near_o to_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n which_o these_o have_v soon_o be_v advertise_v of_o by_o their_o party_n that_o be_v abroad_o to_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n they_o with_o all_o speed_n send_v also_o a_o body_n of_o their_o best_a horse_n to_o engage_v the_o muscovite_n and_o to_o maintain_v those_o advance_a post_n till_o they_o can_v be_v sustain_v by_o some_o of_o their_o infantry_n the_o polish_v horse_n engage_v the_o muscovite_n with_o so_o much_o bravery_n that_o after_o a_o engagement_n of_o a_o hour_n they_o force_v they_o to_o quit_v those_o post_n whilst_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v put_v in_o order_n of_o battle_n have_v take_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o same_o ground_n which_o the_o muscovite_n intend_v to_o have_v make_v use_n of_o against_o they_o the_o muscovite_n be_v bassle_v in_o their_o first_o enterprise_n however_o do_v not_o lose_v courage_n as_o trust_v to_o their_o number_n and_o demetrius_n zuski_n their_o general_n at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o leave_v nothing_o unattempted_a which_o may_v encourage_v his_o soldier_n to_o fight_v brave_o against_o the_o swear_a enemy_n of_o their_o country_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o demetrian_a army_n be_v compose_v out_o of_o vagabond_n and_o rebel_n who_o they_o have_v see_v fly_n before_o they_o so_o often_o of_o late_a and_o who_o now_o puff_v up_o with_o their_o late_a success_n near_o caluga_n more_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o their_o treachery_n and_o a_o luckâ—y_a chance_n than_o their_o
into_o the_o fright_a citizens_n it_o be_v resolve_v with_o what_o force_n they_o can_v assemble_v in_o haste_n to_o post_v themselves_o in_o a_o very_a advantageous_a place_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o province_n of_o severia_n thereby_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o communication_n betwixt_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o southern_a province_n of_o muscovy_n border_v on_o lithuania_n from_o whence_o they_o must_v be_v supply_v with_o man_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o the_o war._n the_o pole_n be_v not_o a_o little_a startle_v at_o this_o vigorous_a refolution_n of_o the_o muscovite_n who_o they_o believe_v to_o have_v be_v lose_v past_o all_o recovery_n but_o have_v no_o other_o way_n leave_v they_o to_o secure_v their_o retreat_n and_o to_o keep_v open_a the_o communication_n with_o their_o own_o country_n than_o their_o sword_n they_o resolve_v to_o make_v a_o amends_o for_o their_o ill_a conduct_n by_o their_o bravery_n have_v therefore_o draw_v back_o their_o army_n from_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n to_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n they_o march_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o severia_n where_o have_v with_o a_o most_o gallant_a resolution_n either_o to_o vanquish_v or_o to_o die_v defeat_v the_o muscovite_n defeat_v attack_v those_o force_n in_o their_o advantageous_a post_n they_o put_v they_o to_o the_o rout_n and_o thus_o have_v open_v their_o passage_n they_o pitch_v their_o tent_n near_o the_o city_n of_o tusin_n betwixt_o the_o two_o river_n tusin_n and_o moska_n which_o in_o a_o manner_n surround_v and_o secure_v their_o camp_n be_v now_o become_v more_o and_o more_o sensible_a of_o their_o error_n demetrius_n musco_n block_v up_o by_o demetrius_n in_o have_v neglect_v to_o make_v themselves_o master_v before_o of_o so_o advantageous_a a_o post_n which_o in_o all_o likelihood_n will_v have_v prove_v fatal_a to_o that_o city_n during_o the_o first_o consternation_n they_o by_o frequent_a excursion_n endeavour_v to_o repair_v their_o first_o fault_n by_o which_o they_o so_o enclose_v the_o citizen_n within_o their_o wall_n that_o scarce_o a_o man_n dare_v appear_v at_o any_o distance_n from_o the_o town_n the_o inhabitant_n see_v themselves_o thus_o reduce_v to_o great_a scarcity_n as_o be_v very_o near_o quite_o shut_v up_o by_o the_o frequent_a excursion_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o see_v themselves_o in_o no_o capacity_n at_o present_a to_o drive_v they_o from_o their_o advantageous_a post_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o try_v whether_o by_o certain_a proposal_n of_o peace_n they_o may_v not_o disunite_v the_o pole_n in_o the_o camp_n of_o demetrius_n they_o have_v ever_o since_o the_o last_o massacre_n of_o the_o pole_n detain_v the_o polish_v ambassador_n and_o the_o weywodâ—_n of_o sendomiria_n with_o his_o daughter_n the_o great_a duchess_n marina_n prisoners_z and_o as_o they_o do_v not_o question_v that_o they_o be_v very_o desirous_a of_o their_o liberty_n so_o they_o believe_v they_o may_v make_v use_n of_o they_o as_o fit_a instrument_n to_o encompass_v their_o design_n it_o be_v not_o the_o reconciliation_n with_o the_o pole_n they_o aim_v at_o but_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o pole_n to_o be_v unstable_a they_o hope_v by_o this_o artifice_n to_o 〈◊〉_d time_n at_o least_o till_o the_o arrival_n of_o those_o supplieâ—_n which_o be_v raise_v for_o their_o relief_n in_o the_o northern_a province_n by_o knez_fw-fr basili_n masalski_n a_o near_a kâ—â—man_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n zuski_n to_o obtain_v this_o end_n a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v propose_v to_o the_o polish_v ambassador_n and_o the_o weigh_v wood_fw-mi of_o sendomiria_n and_o that_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n to_o remove_v all_o obstacle_n a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n shall_v be_v agrree_v on_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n the_o wey_n woo_v of_o sendomiria_n be_v very_o willing_a to_o lay_v hold_n of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o free_v himself_o from_o his_o captivity_n send_v one_o of_o his_o best_a friend_n into_o the_o camp_n of_o demetrius_n to_o make_v these_o proposal_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n to_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o pole_n to_o separate_v themselves_o from_o demetrius_n and_o to_o cease_v from_o commit_v any_o hostility_n which_o in_o all_o likelihood_n may_v prove_v a_o obstacle_n to_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o consequent_o to_o his_o liberty_n but_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n not_o measure_v their_o interest_n by_o that_o of_o the_o weywode_n but_o by_o the_o success_n of_o demetrius_n from_o whence_o they_o hope_v to_o reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o past_a labour_n be_v so_o 〈◊〉_d from_o harken_v to_o these_o proposition_n that_o they_o will_v not_o as_o much_o as_o enter_v upon_o the_o least_o commerce_n of_o a_o treaty_n unless_o it_o be_v grant_v as_o a_o preliminary_a article_n that_o demetrius_n shall_v be_v immediate_o restore_v to_o the_o throne_n and_o the_o usurper_n zuski_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o into_o their_o hand_n the_o muscovite_n find_v themselves_o disappoint_v in_o their_o expectation_n have_v no_o other_o mean_v leave_v to_o secure_v themselves_o but_o to_o repel_v force_n with_o force_n for_o which_o end_n have_v dispatch_v frequent_a messenger_n to_o basili_n masalski_n who_o we_o mention_v before_o to_o hasten_v to_o their_o relief_n he_o pursuant_n to_o the_o reiterated_a order_n from_o court_n march_v with_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o near_o fourscore_o thousand_o man_n towards_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n where_o have_v entrench_v himself_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n chodiunka_n about_o a_o league_n from_o the_o city_n he_o hope_v to_o meet_v with_o a_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o dislodge_v the_o demetrian_o or_o at_o least_o to_o annoy_v they_o and_o hinder_v their_o frequent_a excursion_n but_o roâ—inski_n who_o be_v not_o insensible_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o nearness_n of_o so_o great_a a_o army_n to_o his_o camp_n resolve_v to_o beat_v up_o their_o quarter_n with_o the_o first_o opportunity_n for_o which_o purpose_n he_o draw_v his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o line_n unperceived_a of_o the_o enemy_n by_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n roâ—ted_v the_o zuâ—kiâ—n_a army_n roâ—ted_v and_o have_v approach_v the_o enemy_n camp_n over-secure_a in_o their_o number_n and_o nearness_n to_o the_o city_n attack_v they_o in_o their_o entrenchment_n with_o such_o fury_n that_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n they_o kill_v near_o twenty_o thousand_o upon_o the_o place_n the_o rest_n escape_v to_o the_o city_n leave_v among_o the_o prisoner_n their_o general_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o pole_n who_o have_v purchase_v so_o signal_n a_o victory_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o very_a few_o of_o their_o man_n have_v almost_o dear_o pay_v for_o it_o at_o last_o for_o have_v disperse_v themselves_o all_o over_o the_o field_n without_o the_o least_o order_n or_o any_o guard_n to_o secure_v they_o and_o be_v thus_o engage_v in_o the_o pillage_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n and_o the_o enemy_n camp_n the_o muscovite_n at_o break_n of_o day_n have_v be_v advertise_v of_o the_o disorder_n they_o be_v in_o â—â—llyed_v their_o scatter_a troop_n again_o kally_n again_o and_o be_v reinforce_v with_o fresh_a supply_n out_o of_o the_o city_n return_v to_o the_o charge_n and_o renew_v the_o combat_n fall_v every_o where_n upon_o the_o victorious_a pole_n before_o they_o have_v time_n to_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o posture_n of_o receive_v the_o enemy_n so_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o disorder_n confusion_n and_o slaughter_n to_o be_v see_v all_o over_o the_o field_n and_o the_o muscovite_n be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o snatch_v the_o victory_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o conqueror_n who_o begin_v to_o prepare_v to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o their_o general_n who_o come_v in_o timely_a with_o a_o small_a body_n of_o horse_n to_o their_o assistance_n both_o by_o their_o word_n and_o example_n encourage_v they_o either_o to_o vanquish_v or_o to_o die_v they_o appear_v in_o every_o place_n where_o they_o find_v their_o presence_n most_o necessary_a to_o animate_v the_o soldier_n oppress_v by_o the_o number_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o tell_v they_o that_o be_v surround_v on_o all_o side_n they_o must_v put_v all_o their_o hope_n of_o relief_n on_o the_o point_n of_o their_o sword_n they_o represent_v to_o they_o how_o ignominious_a it_o will_v be_v to_o be_v rout_v by_o those_o they_o have_v so_o late_o vanquish_v and_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v rob_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o victory_n so_o that_o partly_o out_o of_o shame_n partly_o out_o of_o despair_n they_o first_o begin_v to_o make_v good_a their_o ground_n and_o then_o be_v animate_v with_o revenge_n they_o fall_v with_o such_o fury_n upon_o the_o muscovite_n time_n the_o zuskians_n
town_n that_o way_n but_o the_o besieger_n advance_v but_o slow_o in_o their_o work_n for_o want_n of_o foot_n for_o though_o the_o king_n have_v late_o receive_v a_o reinforcement_n of_o five_o thousand_o cosack_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o above_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n in_o his_o whole_a army_n which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o polander_n be_v chief_o compose_v of_o horse_n these_o bear_v no_o proportion_n to_o so_o numerous_a a_o garrison_n they_o be_v continual_o harrass_v by_o the_o frequent_a sally_n of_o the_o besiege_a who_o often_o drive_v they_o from_o their_o trench_n before_o they_o can_v be_v second_v by_o their_o horse_n their_o approach_n be_v thus_o carry_v on_o not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n a_o considerable_a time_n be_v spend_v before_o they_o can_v possess_v themselves_o of_o some_o advantageous_a post_n near_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v very_o convenient_a for_o the_o besieger_n to_o fetch_v in_o their_o supply_n of_o fresh_a water_n put_v they_o to_o some_o distress_n that_o way_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o they_o have_v sufficient_a opportunity_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o it_o in_o the_o nighttime_n without_o be_v perceive_v by_o the_o enemy_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o river_n thus_o the_o siege_n continue_v with_o abundance_n of_o toil_n but_o small_a success_n the_o king_n who_o now_o begin_v to_o be_v sensible_a of_o his_o error_n be_v resolve_v upon_o a_o punctilio_n of_o honour_n not_o to_o leave_v the_o place_n till_o it_o be_v reduce_v cost_v it_o what_o it_o will_v so_o that_o many_o of_o the_o pole_n but_o especial_o of_o the_o cosack_n pay_v with_o their_o life_n for_o their_o king_n obstinacy_n who_o may_v have_v be_v employ_v with_o much_o more_o probability_n of_o success_n against_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n for_o whilst_o the_o king_n be_v thus_o waste_v his_o force_n before_o smolensko_n the_o zuskians_n have_v receive_v advice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o swedish_n troop_n send_v to_o their_o assistance_n begin_v to_o concert_v measure_n how_o to_o remove_v at_o a_o further_a distance_n the_o demetrian_a force_n that_o have_v lie_v so_o long_o at_o their_o door_n they_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o the_o pole_n labour_v under_o in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n they_o have_v sufficient_a intelligence_n of_o their_o division_n and_o animosity_n in_o their_o council_n occasion_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o chief_a commander_n who_o be_v sway_v more_o by_o their_o particular_a interest_n and_o ambition_n than_o the_o good_a of_o the_o common_a cause_n lose_v many_o time_n a_o opportunity_n of_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n this_o instability_n in_o their_o council_n cause_v much_o carelessness_n in_o the_o whole_a conduct_n of_o their_o affair_n which_o frequent_o turn_v to_o their_o great_a disadvantage_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o may_n in_o the_o same_o year_n when_o a_o sharp_a engagement_n happen_v betwixt_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n and_o the_o demetrian_o these_o have_v at_o first_o the_o better_a of_o they_o but_o make_v a_o disorderly_a retreat_n without_o the_o least_o necessity_n and_o fall_v to_o plunder_v the_o dead_a give_v the_o enemy_n opportunity_n to_o rally_v and_o be_v reinforce_v with_o fresh_a troop_n out_o of_o the_o city_n they_o so_o furious_o charge_v the_o pole_n that_o they_o entire_o â—outed_v they_o most_o of_o their_o foot_n be_v either_o kill_v or_o take_v prisoner_n the_o disgrace_n they_o receive_v not_o long_o after_o at_o it_o be_v most_o chief_o be_v ascribe_v to_o their_o divide_a counsel_n for_o the_o pole_n have_v get_v intelligence_n that_o the_o swedish_n auxiliary_n be_v march_v towards_o musco_n send_v zlarowski_n with_o three_o thousand_o â—orse_n to_o observe_v their_o motion_n and_o to_o annoy_v they_o if_o possible_a in_o their_o march_n zlarowski_n have_v have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o surprise_v one_o of_o their_o regiment_n which_o be_v advance_v at_o some_o distance_n before_o the_o rest_n he_o cut_v they_o all_o to_o piece_n this_o so_o alarm_v the_o muscovite_n who_o have_v put_v all_o the_o hope_n of_o their_o safety_n in_o these_o auxiliary_a troop_n that_o they_o march_v out_o with_o their_o whole_a strength_n and_o join_v they_o near_o the_o city_n of_o it_o be_v the_o pole_n have_v get_v notice_n of_o their_o march_n send_v also_o a_o considerable_a reinforcement_n to_o zlarowski_n who_o meet_v they_o some_o few_o mile_n beyond_o it_o be_v be_v engagement_n betwixt_o the_o pole_n and_o muscovite_n near_o it_o be_v a_o fierce_a engagement_n ensue_v both_o party_n dispute_v the_o victory_n with_o great_a obstinacy_n the_o polish_v horse_n attack_v the_o two_o wing_n of_o the_o enemy_n with_o a_o irresistible_a courage_n and_o the_o russian_n fight_v for_o the_o last_o stake_n behave_v themselves_o like_o man_n resolve_v either_o to_o overcome_v or_o die_v notwithstanding_o which_o they_o be_v force_v to_o give_v ground_n both_o wing_n be_v after_o a_o bloody_a and_o obstinate_a fight_n rout_v by_o the_o pole_n who_o kill_v 8000_o among_o who_o be_v 1000_o german_a horse_n upon_o the_o spot_n but_o the_o foot_n stand_v all_o this_o while_n unmovable_a and_o have_v several_a time_n make_v zlarowski_n who_o command_v the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o polish_v army_n give_v ground_n and_o though_o now_o leave_v by_o their_o horse_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o advantageous_a post_n where_o they_o can_v not_o be_v attack_v without_o great_a disadvantage_n the_o polish_v horse_n be_v extreme_o tire_v by_o the_o fatigue_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n much_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o that_o of_o the_o enemy_n it_o be_v not_o think_v advisable_v to_o pursue_v they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a all_o the_o able_a and_o most_o experience_a officer_n be_v of_o opinion_n to_o rest_v content_v with_o what_o advantage_n they_o have_v get_v and_o to_o withdraw_v to_o some_o more_o advantageous_a post_n but_o zlarowski_n emulous_a of_o the_o honour_n the_o rest_n have_v goten_a will_v by_o no_o mean_n consent_n to_o their_o advice_n and_o be_v resolve_v to_o try_v his_o fortune_n whether_o he_o can_v in_o some_o measure_n recover_v the_o disgrace_n he_o have_v receive_v in_o that_o day_n action_n will_v not_o stir_v from_o his_o post_n though_o expose_v to_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n so_o that_o the_o rest_n see_v he_o resolute_a and_o obstinate_a against_o their_o counsel_n they_o quarter_v themselves_o in_o some_o of_o the_o adjacent_a village_n the_o enemy_n have_v by_o some_o deserter_n get_v notice_n what_o effect_n their_o divide_a counsel_n have_v produce_v soon_o rally_v their_o horse_n and_o have_a rejoin_v their_o foot_n by_o break_n of_o day_n fall_v with_o such_o fury_n upon_o the_o pole_n that_o see_v themselves_o thus_o surprise_v and_o in_o no_o capacity_n to_o second_v one_o another_o they_o fight_v their_o way_n through_o the_o enemy_n the_o foot_n retire_v to_o it_o be_v the_o horse_n make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n to_o their_o camp_n near_o musco_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a many_o of_o their_o companion_n and_o all_o their_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n the_o muscovite_n flush_v with_o this_o happy_a success_n march_v direct_o to_o it_o be_v where_o they_o storm_v the_o castle_n at_o three_o several_a time_n with_o more_o courage_n than_o conduct_n for_o the_o polish_v foot_n which_o get_v before_o they_o within_o the_o place_n repulse_v they_o every_o time_n with_o great_a slaughter_n so_o that_o despair_v of_o carry_v the_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o numerous_a garrison_n they_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o direct_v their_o march_n towards_o the_o river_n wolga_n at_o some_o miles_n distance_n from_o kolasinum_n kolasinum_n aâ—â—ther_o engagement_n near_o kolasinum_n they_o be_v encounter_v by_o a_o great_a body_n of_o the_o demetrian_a horse_n who_o fall_v in_o their_o rear_n bring_v the_o whole_a arrier-guard_n in_o confusion_n till_o second_v by_o some_o fresh_a regiment_n they_o force_v the_o pole_n to_o retire_v beside_o this_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o their_o discipline_n in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n have_v occasion_v several_a sedition_n for_o want_n of_o pay_n so_o that_o demetrius_n to_o satisfy_v their_o demand_n be_v force_v to_o lay_v such_o heavy_a taxation_n upon_o the_o province_n which_o have_v submit_v to_o his_o obedience_n that_o at_o last_o become_v intolerable_a most_o of_o the_o great_a city_n revolt_v and_o the_o country_n refuse_v to_o pay_v any_o further_a contribution_n look_v upon_o they_o as_o the_o fuel_n that_o nourish_v the_o flame_n which_o have_v almost_o consume_v they_o in_o some_o place_n they_o grow_v so_o outrageous_a as_o to_o seize_v imprison_v and_o kill_v the_o tax-gatherers_a demetrius_z therefore_o to_o maintain_v his_o authority_n and_o to_o protect_v his_o officer_n be_v oblige_v to_o send_v strong_a party_n into_o
several_a part_n of_o the_o country_n his_o force_n in_o the_o camp_n be_v consequent_o reduce_v to_o so_o small_a a_o number_n as_o not_o to_o suffice_v to_o check_v the_o strong_a sally_n make_v by_o those_o of_o the_o city_n much_o less_o to_o hinder_v they_o from_o be_v supply_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n out_o of_o the_o country_n which_o have_v be_v several_a time_n attempt_v by_o the_o pole_n they_o be_v as_o often_o baffle_v by_o the_o muscovite_n always_o much_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o number_n and_o become_v every_o day_n more_o courageous_a both_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o foreign_a auxiliary_n and_o their_o success_n against_o the_o pole_n who_o general_n rosinski_n in_o one_o of_o the_o sally_n the_o dispute_n be_v very_o hot_a be_v shoot_v in_o his_o side_n with_o a_o arrow_n of_o which_o he_o never_o perfect_o recover_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o if_o king_n sigismond_n can_v as_o yet_o have_v be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o transfer_v his_o arm_n from_o smolensko_n to_o musco_n that_o by_o his_o authority_n these_o division_n in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n may_v have_v be_v soon_o compose_v and_o the_o muscovite_n fright_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o force_n to_o their_o enemy_n to_o have_v be_v bring_v to_o better_a term_n but_o instead_o of_o that_o he_o absolute_o resolve_v not_o to_o quit_v the_o place_n till_o he_o have_v take_v it_o and_o his_o army_n be_v extreme_o weaken_v by_o the_o long_a continuance_n of_o the_o siege_n and_o the_o frequent_a sally_n of_o a_o numerous_a garrison_n and_o not_o receive_v sufficient_a recruit_n out_o of_o poland_n or_o at_o least_o not_o so_o opportune_o as_o the_o urgent_a state_n of_o his_o affair_n require_v he_o take_v a_o resolution_n to_o draw_v his_o subject_n out_o of_o the_o service_n of_o demetrius_n to_o come_v to_o his_o aid_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o smolensko_n which_o entire_o ruine_v all_o his_o affair_n in_o muscovy_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a that_o his_o able_a counselor_n represent_v to_o he_o that_o this_o unseasonable_a distract_n and_o weaken_v the_o demetrian_a party_n must_v needs_o turn_v to_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o zuski_n who_o when_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n shall_v be_v deliver_v of_o the_o enemy_n that_o lie_v at_o their_o gate_n will_v thereby_o be_v confirm_v in_o his_o throne_n that_o the_o circumjacent_a province_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o awe_n by_o the_o demetrian_a army_n will_v soon_o revolt_v from_o he_o and_o zuski_n thus_o strengthen_v by_o the_o unite_a force_n of_o the_o empire_n will_v not_o fail_v to_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o smolensko_n that_o therefore_o he_o ought_v rather_o to_o furnish_v demetrius_n with_o new_a supply_n or_o at_o least_o keep_v fair_a with_o he_o and_o by_o no_o mean_n to_o distract_v his_o force_n till_o he_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o smolensko_n which_o when_o take_v he_o may_v march_v without_o the_o opposition_n to_o musco_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o all_o the_o polish_v force_n and_o the_o place_n in_o their_o possession_n by_o promise_n of_o great_a reward_n will_v without_o reluctancy_n side_n with_o he_o which_o will_v infallible_o oblige_v the_o muscovite_n to_o fall_v off_o from_o zuski_n and_o embrace_v his_o party_n it_o be_v also_o call_v in_o question_n whether_o the_o pole_n will_v be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o quit_v demetrius_n from_o who_o they_o expect_v the_o reward_n of_o all_o their_o toil_n and_o labour_n especial_o since_o the_o exhaust_a treasury_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o poland_n be_v not_o at_o present_a in_o a_o condition_n to_o pay_v their_o arrear_n but_o the_o king_n persist_v in_o his_o resolution_n send_v some_o of_o his_o emissary_n into_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n to_o endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o persuade_v the_o pole_n to_o abandon_v the_o interest_n of_o demetrius_n and_o to_o join_v with_o the_o king_n force_n before_o smolensko_n at_o first_o the_o king_n agent_n meet_v with_o little_a encouragement_n from_o the_o pole_n who_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o will_v not_o by_o such_o a_o untimely_a desertion_n defraud_v themselves_o of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o labour_n but_o persevere_v in_o their_o faith_n which_o they_o have_v swear_v to_o demetrius_n and_o send_v some_o deputy_n to_o excuse_v their_o not_o join_v with_o the_o king_n force_n before_o smolensko_n but_o sigismond_n have_v promise_v they_o their_o arrear_n to_o be_v pay_v and_o bring_v over_o rosinski_n their_o general_n zlarowski_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o chief_a commander_n to_o his_o side_n a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o soldiery_n promise_v to_o to_o be_v obedient_a to_o the_o order_n of_o their_o king_n and_o chief_a commander_n and_o the_o rest_n see_v their_o affair_n to_o be_v in_o a_o decline_a condition_n begin_v to_o waver_v demetrius_n not_o a_o little_a terrify_v at_o these_o proceed_n of_o king_n sigismond_n and_o fear_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o these_o few_o troop_n which_o remain_v faithful_a to_o he_o may_v scarce_o be_v sufficient_a to_o rescue_v he_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o pole_n who_o he_o believe_v to_o have_v a_o intention_n to_o sacrifice_v he_o to_o their_o avarice_n and_o interest_n he_o resolve_v to_o withdraw_v secret_o out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o retire_v to_o a_o place_n of_o more_o security_n but_o before_o he_o come_v to_o this_o extremity_n he_o think_v convenient_a to_o try_v once_o more_o whether_o by_o fair_a mean_n he_o can_v not_o prevail_v upon_o rosinski_n to_o stand_v steadfast_a to_o his_o interest_n but_o this_o have_v prove_v fruitless_a notwithstanding_o all_o the_o most_o insinuate_a rhetoric_n he_o can_v invent_v there_o pass_v very_o hot_a word_n betwixt_o they_o demetrius_n upbraid_v he_o with_o treachery_n and_o breach_n of_o his_o word_n and_o rosinski_n call_v demetrius_n a_o impostor_n and_o son_n of_o a_o whore_n demetrius_n who_o will_v not_o have_v brook_v these_o word_n at_o another_o time_n be_v fain_o to_o put_v up_o this_o affront_n with_o patience_n see_v himself_o not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o revenge_v they_o himself_z demetrius_z withdraws_z himself_z and_o not_o think_v himself_o any_o long_o secure_v in_o a_o place_n where_o he_o be_v treat_v with_o so_o much_o rudeness_n he_o take_v horse_n immediate_o after_o and_o with_o a_o few_o of_o his_o intimate_a friend_n retire_v secret_o to_o caluga_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o flight_n of_o demetrius_n know_v in_o the_o camp_n but_o all_o the_o muscovite_n boyar_n and_o noble_n that_o have_v espouse_v his_o interest_n follow_v he_o and_o marina_n declare_v that_o have_v not_o only_o wed_v the_o good_a fortune_n of_o her_o husband_n but_o also_o his_o adversity_n she_o will_v follow_v he_o wherever_o he_o go_v the_o polish_v ambassador_n employ_v all_o their_o rhetoric_n to_o persuade_v she_o to_o return_v into_o poland_n vain_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o her_o separation_n from_o demetrius_n will_v be_v no_o small_a advancement_n to_o king_n sigismund_n affair_n but_o she_o remain_v unshaken_a in_o her_o resolution_n neither_o can_v she_o be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o submit_v herself_o to_o the_o king_n clemency_n the_o reiterated_a persuasion_n and_o prayer_n of_o her_o father_n and_o some_o other_o of_o her_o most_o intimate_a friend_n have_v no_o further_a influence_n over_o her_o constancy_n and_o haughty_a spirit_n than_o to_o comply_v thus_o far_o with_o their_o desire_n as_o to_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o king_n sigismond_n wherein_o she_o tell_v he_o that_o though_o she_o be_v abandon_v at_o this_o time_n by_o most_o of_o her_o friend_n yet_o that_o as_o she_o have_v long_o ago_o be_v use_v to_o the_o sad_a viâ—â—â—situdeâ—_n of_o fortune_n so_o she_o live_v still_o in_o â—opes_n that_o the_o same_o god_n who_o have_v so_o often_o show_v his_o mercy_n in_o deliver_v she_o from_o most_o imminent_a danger_n and_o to_o who_o she_o entire_o recommend_v herself_o and_o her_o cause_n will_v know_v his_o time_n when_o to_o put_v a_o happy_a end_n to_o her_o sorrow_n and_o misery_n she_o add_v that_o for_o the_o present_a be_v deprive_v of_o all_o her_o just_a right_n and_o title_n to_o the_o muscovian_a throne_n she_o relinquish_v all_o to_o his_o majesty_n disposal_n and_o be_v well_o satisfy_v in_o his_o equity_n and_o generosity_n she_o congratulate_v his_o arrival_n in_o muscovy_n wish_v he_o all_o the_o success_n imaginable_a atl_n last_o she_o recommend_v herself_o and_o her_o family_n to_o his_o royal_a protection_n promise_v herself_o no_o less_o from_o his_o generosity_n than_o under_o what_o circumstance_n soever_o to_o be_v treat_v by_o he_o according_a to_o her_o dignity_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n demetrius_z his_o letter_n arrive_v in_o the_o camp_n camp_n mutiny_n in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n which_o be_v read_v public_o all_o be_v in_o a_o alarm_n and_o
to_o moulder_v away_o to_o nothing_o by_o the_o intestine_a dissension_n of_o their_o general_n and_o the_o carelessness_n of_o their_o martial_a discipline_n but_o more_o especial_o by_o the_o mismanagement_n of_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n who_o by_o the_o unseasonable_a distraction_n occasion_v by_o his_o recall_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n be_v the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o the_o deliverance_n of_o the_o muscovite_n to_o his_o great_a detriment_n for_o the_o enemy_n who_o before_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o maintain_v himself_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o musco_n be_v now_o free_v from_o that_o thorn_n that_o stick_v so_o deep_a in_o his_o flesh_n soon_o gather_v new_a strength_n for_o that_o the_o king_n who_o may_v if_o he_o have_v give_v due_a encouragement_n to_o have_v demetrius_n prosecute_v the_o war_n at_o the_o expense_n and_o danger_n of_o other_o or_o at_o least_o have_v share_v both_o with_o they_o by_o his_o obstinate_a perseverance_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o smolensko_n draw_v the_o whole_a burden_n of_o the_o war_n upon_o his_o own_o shoulder_n and_o thus_o rob_v himself_o of_o the_o glory_n and_o advantage_n of_o make_v himself_o the_o arbitrator_n betwixt_o both_o the_o contend_a party_n this_o memorable_a siege_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 1610._o the_o citizen_n of_o musco_n see_v themselves_o thus_o deliver_v from_o their_o troublesome_a neighbour_n begin_v now_o to_o assume_v new_a courage_n and_o vigour_n and_o have_v drive_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o peresla_n and_o alexandria_n most_o of_o the_o province_n which_o be_v revolt_v to_o demetrius_n now_o again_o declare_v for_o zuski_n offer_v considerable_a supply_n and_o promise_v their_o utmost_a assistance_n in_o chase_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o muscovy_n zuski_n have_v conceive_v new_a hope_n of_o success_n from_o the_o zeal_n of_o his_o subject_n march_v to_o the_o riâ—er_n wolga_n where_o he_o recover_v all_o the_o place_n as_o yet_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o demetrian_o and_o force_v sapiha_n who_o as_o we_o mention_v before_o remain_v steadfast_a in_o the_o interest_n of_o demetrius_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o the_o strong_a convent_n of_o troitza_n rosinski_n after_o his_o separation_n from_o sapiha_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o demetrian_a force_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o volock_n and_o the_o strong_a convent_n of_o ossipow_n both_o which_o he_o have_v provide_v with_o a_o good_a garrison_n have_v send_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n under_o the_o command_n of_o zlarowski_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n before_o smolensko_n he_o himself_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o indisposition_n occasion_v by_o a_o hurt_n he_o receive_v before_o musco_n detain_v at_o volock_n his_o distemper_n increase_v every_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o distraction_n of_o his_o mind_n create_v by_o his_o late_a ill_a success_n he_o be_v at_o last_o overcome_v more_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o his_o grief_n than_o of_o his_o malady_n which_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o life_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n die_v rosinski_n die_v at_o that_o very_a time_n when_o the_o zuskians_n be_v approach_v the_o place_n in_o order_n to_o besiege_v it_o volviowitz_n the_o zuskian_n general_n have_v soon_o receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o death_n of_o rosinski_n hasten_v his_o march_n and_o have_v immediate_o cause_v the_o town_n to_o be_v attack_v with_o vigour_n the_o garrison_n all_o in_o a_o distraction_n by_o the_o death_n of_o their_o general_n surrender_v it_o in_o a_o few_o day_n without_o make_v any_o considerable_a resistance_n from_o thence_o he_o turn_v his_o arm_n to_o ossipoâ—_n which_o he_o also_o take_v but_o not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a many_o of_o his_o men._n for_o this_o place_n be_v garrison_v by_o a_o thousand_o french_a and_o german_n they_o beat_v off_o the_o muscovite_n in_o several_a bloody_a assault_n and_o oblige_v 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very_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o noble_n for_o have_v mount_v the_o throne_n by_o blood_n and_o fraudulent_a mean_n he_o begin_v to_o be_v jealous_a of_o his_o most_o trusty_a friend_n and_z to_o gratify_v his_o fear_n exercise_v his_o cruelty_n upon_o several_a person_n of_o a_o eminent_a rank_n who_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n upon_o no_o other_o pretence_n than_o his_o have_v secret_a intelligence_n of_o their_o unfaithfulness_n as_o his_o reign_n be_v one_o continue_v series_n of_o trouble_n so_o when_o he_o be_v at_o a_o plunge_v he_o use_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o sorcerer_n and_o witchcraft_n and_o be_v infatuate_v by_o their_o persuasion_n he_o commit_v such_o barbarity_n as_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v name_v without_o horror_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n he_o cause_v the_o womb_n of_o big-bellied_a woman_n to_o be_v rip_v open_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o immature_n fruit_n to_o accomplish_v his_o enchantment_n which_o he_o be_v vain_o 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false_a apprehension_n of_o their_o imminent_a danger_n which_o have_v occasion_v this_o mutiny_n give_v they_o such_o convince_a demonstration_n of_o the_o falsity_n of_o their_o imaginary_a peril_n and_o the_o most_o sincere_a assurance_n of_o his_o protection_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o their_o service_n that_o the_o tumult_n be_v appeal_v without_o any_o further_a bloodshed_n neither_o be_v it_o long_o before_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o gaziowski_n be_v discover_v and_o quite_o elude_v by_o the_o care_n of_o the_o new_a muscovite_n general_n who_o have_v cause_v some_o of_o the_o polish_v emissary_n who_o be_v send_v into_o the_o camp_n to_o debauch_v the_o cosack_n to_o be_v seize_v and_o torture_v they_o confess_v the_o whole_a matter_n and_o be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o the_o most_o exquisite_a torment_n in_o view_n of_o their_o countryman_n within_o the_o castle_n to_o deter_v they_o fâ—om_o the_o attempt_v any_o thing_n like_o it_o for_o the_o future_a there_o have_v by_o this_o mean_v a_o entire_a reconciliation_n and_o good_a correspondence_n be_v reestablished_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o gosack_n they_o with_o their_o joint_a force_n vigorous_o prosecute_v the_o siege_n and_o press_v so_o hard_o upon_o the_o pole_n on_o all_o side_n that_o they_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o all_o their_o outwork_n and_o at_o last_o possess_v themselves_o also_o of_o those_o fortification_n which_o they_o have_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mâ—sca_n for_o the_o maintain_v a_o communication_n and_o correspondency_n with_o the_o country_n whereby_o be_v put_v out_o of_o all_o hope_n of_o relief_n and_o of_o receive_v the_o necessary_a supply_n of_o provision_n â—â—ey_n be_v reduce_v to_o great_a want_n have_v be_v force_v to_o endure_v great_a hardship_n for_o want_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n for_o the_o space_n of_o several_a week_n and_o every_o thing_n seem_v to_o tend_v to_o a_o general_a insurrection_n among_o the_o polish_v soldier_n they_o be_v on_o the_o fifteen_o day_n of_o august_n unexpected_o deliver_v by_o a_o lucky_a accident_n or_o rather_o a_o miracle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o pole_n before_o they_o be_v so_o close_o pen_v up_o by_o the_o muscovite_n aâ—d_v when_o they_o be_v as_o yet_o maâ—ters_v of_o the_o pass_v opposite_a to_o the_o mid-city_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mosca_n have_v send_v several_a strong_a party_n abroad_o partly_o the_o better_a to_o husband_n that_o small_a store_n of_o provision_n which_o be_v remain_v in_o the_o castle_n partly_o to_o get_v what_o booty_n they_o can_v in_o the_o country_n to_o supply_v their_o waâ—ts_n within_o be_v especial_o reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o want_n of_o forage_n they_o have_v send_v all_o their_o boy_n and_o serâ—â—nts_n out_o a_o forage_n which_o the_o muscovite_n have_v get_v notice_n of_o they_o take_v this_o opportunity_n to_o attack_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o this_o post_n with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n which_o after_o a_o brave_a resistance_n they_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o and_o have_v cause_v a_o line_n to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o necessary_a redoubt_n on_o all_o the_o avenue_n guard_v by_o a_o considerable_a body_n of_o their_o best_a troop_n they_o think_v to_o have_v now_o cut_v off_o all_o hope_n of_o relief_n or_o receive_v supply_n from_o the_o besiege_a as_o in_o effect_n they_o have_v if_o their_o own_o fear_n have_v not_o once_o more_o open_v that_o passage_n to_o the_o enemy_n for_o scarce_o be_v these_o line_n perfect_v when_o the_o several_a party_n send_v abroad_o by_o the_o pole_n which_o all_o together_o amount_v to_o some_o thousand_o be_v at_o a_o certain_a place_n according_a to_o agreement_n join_v in_o one_o body_n and_o meet_v by_o the_o forager_n who_o be_v march_v to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n in_o order_n to_o their_o return_n into_o the_o castle_n but_o approach_v the_o river_n mosca_n find_v all_o the_o avenue_n lead_v to_o it_o secure_v by_o the_o enemy_n line_n they_o be_v at_o first_o at_o a_o stand_n not_o know_v what_o to_o resolve_v upon_o in_o this_o present_a exigency_n of_o their_o affair_n most_o of_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v among_o they_o tire_v before_o with_o the_o fatigue_n and_o hardship_n they_o have_v endure_v be_v for_o retire_v and_o shift_v for_o themselves_o but_o the_o boy_n and_o other_o servant_n that_o have_v be_v forage_v declare_v thâ—t_o they_o will_v not_o abandon_v â—heir_a master_n without_o attempt_v their_o relief_n the_o rest_n be_v at_o last_o overcome_v with_o shame_n resolve_v also_o to_o open_v their_o passage_n with_o their_o sword_n and_o force_v their_o way_n into_o the_o castle_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n they_o put_v their_o little_a army_n in_o battle-array_n and_o extend_v their_o front_n where_o they_o have_v place_v all_o the_o soldier_n as_o much_o as_o possible_o they_o can_v they_o advance_v with_o colour_n fly_v drum_n beat_v and_z trumpets_z sounding_z in_o good_a order_n towards_o the_o enemy_n line_n scarce_o be_v they_o come_v within_o sight_n of_o the_o muscovite_n but_o these_o imagine_v no_o less_o than_o that_o the_o whole_a polish_v army_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o their_o countryman_n and_o be_v seize_v by_o a_o panic_n fear_v without_o any_o further_a delay_n quit_v their_o line_n and_o retire_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mosca_n leave_v a_o free_a passage_n to_o the_o pole_n who_o enter_v cataygorod_n or_o the_o mid-city_n which_o comprehend_v the_o castle_n within_o its_o wall_n without_o the_o least_o opposition_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v with_o all_o the_o demonstraâ—ions_n of_o joy_n and_o praise_n due_a to_o their_o courage_n gaziowski_n the_o polish_v general_n have_v out_o of_o what_o have_v happen_v and_o the_o confusion_n he_o observe_v among_o the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o city_n soon_o guess_v at_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o their_o sudden_a retreat_n and_o willing_a to_o improve_v so_o favourable_a a_o opportunity_n cause_v a_o strong_a sally_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o muscovite_n who_o be_v scare_v with_o the._n apprehension_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o poland_n dare_v not_o look_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o face_n so_o that_o the_o pole_n recover_v in_o a_o few_o hour_n from_o the_o muscovite_n what_o have_v cost_v they_o many_o month_n before_o they_o can_v gain_v it_o and_o during_o this_o consternation_n it_o will_v have_v be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o have_v chase_v they_o quite_o out_o of_o the_o city_n if_o he_o that_o command_v the_o sally_n will_v have_v push_v on_o his_o advantage_n with_o the_o same_o vigour_n to_o the_o last_o as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o beginning_n but_o this_o commander_n be_v at_o variance_n with_o gaziowski_n the_o polish_v general_n but_o intimate_a friend_n of_o chodkienitski_n lieutenant-general_n of_o the_o lithuanian_a army_n
so_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o considerable_a accession_n of_o these_o troop_n the_o muscovite_n find_v mean_n â—o_o pen_v they_o up_o close_a every_o day_n and_o at_o last_o to_o cut_v of_o their_o communication_n with_o the_o country_n by_o perfect_v their_o line_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mâ—sca_n the_o sapihan_n horse_n consist_v of_o four_o thousand_o man_n see_v themselves_o in_o danger_n of_o be_v enclose_v without_o any_o hope_n of_o relief_n and_o unwilling_a to_o lose_v the_o treasure_n they_o have_v get_v so_o late_o in_o their_o possession_n declare_v unanimous_o that_o they_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o endure_v any_o long_o the_o danger_n and_o fatigue_n of_o a_o close_a siege_n without_o the_o least_o prospect_n of_o success_n on_o their_o side_n and_o that_o they_o will_v follow_v the_o example_n of_o â—he_n rest_n who_o be_v some_o month_n before_o march_v into_o poland_n according_o have_v choose_v one_o john_n zalinski_n their_o commander_n in_o chief_a they_o march_v out_o with_o all_o the_o crown-jewel_n in_o their_o possession_n and_o have_v with_o great_a bravery_n foâ—ced_v the_o enemy_n line_n march_v direct_o into_o lithuania_n set_v up_o their_o head_n quarter_n at_o bresla_n and_o tread_v the_o footstep_n of_o their_o brethren_n in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n take_v up_o their_o quarter_n in_o the_o neighbour_a palatinate_n where_o they_o live_v at_o discretion_n upon_o the_o king_n be_v domain_o and_o the_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n till_o their_o arrear_n be_v pay_v king_n sigismond_n be_v by_o this_o time_n become_v sensible_a of_o his_o fatal_a error_n in_o not_o send_v his_o son_n vladislaus_n into_o muscovy_n especial_o when_o the_o polish_v nobility_n exasperate_v by_o the_o insolence_n of_o the_o confederate_a force_n in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n and_o lithuania_n begin_v to_o break_v out_o into_o open_a complaint_n charge_v the_o king_n with_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o these_o disorder_n which_o may_v have_v be_v prevent_v if_o he_o have_v not_o prefer_v the_o insinuation_n of_o his_o flatter_a courtier_n before_o the_o wholesome_a advice_n of_o his_o senate_n and_o his_o most_o experience_a officer_n to_o repair_v therefore_o if_o possible_a his_o former_a miâ—â—ake_n he_o resolve_v to_o bring_v vladislaus_n thither_o in_o person_n at_o the_o â—â—ad_n of_o a_o good_a army_n and_o have_v assemble_v what_o force_n he_o have_v in_o readiness_n march_v direct_o to_o vilna_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o lithuania_n musco_n siâ—â—â—mund_n march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o musco_n expect_v to_o be_v join_v there_o by_o the_o confederate_a force_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a zeal_n for_o the_o interest_n of_o their_o prince_n vladislaus_n but_o these_o have_v once_o taste_v the_o sweet_n of_o their_o plentiful_a quarter_n and_o have_v yet_o in_o fresh_a remembrance_n their_o late_a fatigue_n sustain_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o musco_n be_v not_o for_o change_v their_o present_a plentiful_a condition_n for_o the_o toâ—â—_n and_o chance_n of_o war_n so_o that_o when_o the_o king_n order_v they_o to_o prepare_v for_o the_o march_n they_o unanimous_o declare_v that_o they_o will_v not_o stir_v unless_o they_o receive_v full_a satisfaction_n for_o their_o arrear_n the_o king_n though_o disappoint_v in_o the_o assistance_n of_o those_o troop_n in_o which_o he_o confide_v most_o have_v receive_v a_o reinforcement_n of_o two_o thousand_o german_a foot_n direct_v his_o march_n towards_o smolensko_n where_o by_o the_o accession_n of_o those_o force_n that_o quarter_v thereabouts_o he_o hope_v to_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o attempt_v the_o relief_n of_o his_o subject_n within_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n but_o the_o same_o evil_a genius_n which_o have_v alienate_v the_o confederate_a force_n from_o his_o service_n do_v follow_v he_o to_o smolensko_n for_o the_o horse_n in_o those_o part_n after_o the_o example_n of_o their_o brethren_n in_o lithuania_n and_o poland_n declare_v that_o they_o will_v not_o stir_v out_o of_o their_o quarter_n till_o their_o arrear_n be_v pay_v they_o king_n sigismond_n want_v money_n to_o satisfy_v their_o demand_n and_o strength_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o obedience_n be_v fain_o to_o have_v recourse_n to_o entreaty_n and_o promise_v not_o only_o of_o their_o arrear_n but_o also_o of_o vast_a reward_n but_o these_o verbal_a temptation_n not_o make_v the_o least_o impression_n upon_o the_o soldier_n the_o king_n declare_v that_o if_o they_o all_o refuse_v to_o follow_v he_o he_o will_v in_o person_n at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o guard_n only_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o muscovy_n some_o of_o the_o horse_n overcome_v with_o shame_n and_o the_o persuasion_n of_o their_o officer_n who_o upbraid_v they_o with_o cowardice_n and_o want_n of_o loyalty_n be_v at_o last_o prevail_v upon_o not_o to_o leave_v the_o king_n at_o this_o critical_a juncture_n sigismond_n resolve_v to_o prosecute_v his_o march_n to_o viasna_n midway_n betwixt_o smolensko_n and_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n i_o have_v almost_o forget_v to_o have_v mention_v here_o a_o accident_n that_o happen_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o march_v out_o of_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o smolensko_n which_o be_v call_v the_o king_n gate_n the_o same_o be_v interpret_v as_o a_o inauspicious_a omen_n to_o sigismond_n for_o it_o happen_v that_o just_a at_o the_o same_o instant_a as_o he_o be_v to_o go_v through_o the_o abovementioned_a gate_n the_o portcullis_n fall_v down_o and_o stop_v his_o passage_n so_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o â—urn_v back_o and_o take_v another_o way_n to_o viasna_n where_o he_o halt_v expect_v to_o be_v join_v by_o some_o other_o force_n that_o be_v quarter_v in_o the_o neighbour_a province_n whilst_o the_o king_n who_o be_v always_o dilatory_a in_o his_o affair_n be_v advance_v with_o slow_a march_n towards_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n the_o russian_n 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want_n chodkievitski_n resolve_v to_o make_v his_o last_o effort_n and_o to_o try_v whether_o he_o can_v not_o by_o the_o same_o way_n of_o the_o river_n which_o he_o have_v make_v use_n of_o before_o bring_v in_o a_o supply_n of_o five_o hundred_o wagon_n lade_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n into_o the_o castle_n for_o which_o purpose_n have_v order_v a_o sally_n to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o all_o the_o foot_n within_o the_o castle_n they_o by_o break_v of_o day_n force_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o muscovite_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mosca_n to_o facilitate_v the_o passage_n of_o their_o convoy_n which_o they_o meet_v at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o town_n but_o they_o advance_v very_o slow_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o wagon_n the_o muscoviteâ—_n have_v sufficient_a leisure_n give_v they_o to_o draw_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o force_n out_o on_o that_o side_n so_o that_o at_o their_o 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see_v the_o flame_n lose_v its_o force_n the_o stranger_n have_v refuse_v to_o comply_v with_o his_o desire_n which_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o ridiculous_a he_o heap_v upon_o they_o a_o thousand_o curse_n till_o some_o muscovite_n upon_o his_o persuasion_n be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o do_v he_o the_o good_a office_n and_o to_o help_v he_o to_o cast_v the_o the_o dead_a carcase_n into_o the_o fire_n which_o in_o a_o instant_n begin_v to_o abate_v and_o in_o two_o hour_n after_o be_v quite_o extinguish_v more_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o those_o who_o be_v encourage_v by_o the_o mâ—nk_n and_o come_v from_o all_o part_n to_o the_o quench_n of_o the_o flame_n than_o by_o the_o charm_n of_o the_o superstitious_a friar_n those_o in_o the_o castle-having_a thus_o weathered_a the_o storm_n that_o threaten_v they_o the_o follow_a day_n be_v take_v up_o in_o consultation_n how_o to_o continue_v this_o calm_a among_o the_o people_n and_o by_o which_o mean_v to_o preserve_v morosou_n from_o fall_v into_o their_o hand_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o patriarch_n have_v send_v for_o those_o among_o the_o priest_n and_o monk_n who_o he_o know_v to_o be_v of_o most_o authority_n among_o the_o populace_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n they_o be_v enjoin_v to_o do_v their_o utmost_a in_o endeavour_v the_o settlement_n of_o the_o unquiet_a spirit_n by_o their_o spiritual_a exhortation_n and_o to_o represent_v to_o they_o in_o the_o most_o passionate_a manner_n that_o can_v be_v the_o respect_n and_o obedience_n due_a to_o their_o sovereign_n the_o great_a duke_n have_v also_o take_v off_o the_o new_a imposition_n upon_o salt_n and_o promise_v to_o suppress_v all_o monopoly_n late_o set_v up_o by_o his_o minister_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o execute_v trochanistou_n and_o plessou_n the_o first_o by_o the_o boyar_n knez_fw-fr jurgi_n alexiovit_n dolgaruskoi_fw-mi the_o second_o with_o the_o ocolnit_v za_n bogdan_n matthâ—ovits_n chitrou_n both_o person_n of_o great_a ability_n and_o approve_a probity_n he_o treat_v the_o strelit_n with_o strong_a water_n and_o hydromel_n and_o cause_v ilia_n danilovit_n his_o father-in-law_n to_o invite_v the_o chief_a citizen_n of_o the_o several_a profession_n in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n who_o be_v very_o splendid_o and_o kind_o entertain_v at_o his_o palace_n for_o several_a day_n together_o have_v thus_o prepare_v his_o way_n he_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o procession_n when_o be_v accompany_v with_o the_o same_o nikita_n ivanovit_n romanow_v who_o have_v be_v so_o successful_a before_o in_o appease_v the_o tumult_n and_o now_o rid_v by_o his_o left_a side_n he_o speak_v to_o the_o people_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o have_v be_v extreme_o trouble_v to_o understand_v the_o violence_n and_o injury_n commit_v by_o trochanistou_n and_o plessou_n upon_o his_o good_a subject_n who_o welfare_n be_v very_o dear_a to_o he_o that_o those_o extortion_n execute_v under_o his_o name_n and_o authority_n have_v be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o his_o inclination_n and_o command_n and_o that_o therefore_o have_v let_v they_o suffer_v condign_a punishment_n for_o their_o villainy_n he_o have_v put_v in_o their_o place_n person_n of_o know_a integrity_n and_o ability_n who_o he_o believe_v will_v be_v acceptable_a to_o the_o people_n as_o know_v they_o to_o be_v person_n that_o will_v execute_v justice_n without_o corruption_n or_o partiality_n that_o he_o have_v already_o abolish_v the_o new_a imposition_n upon_o salt_n and_o will_v take_v care_n that_o all_o monopoly_n new_o introduce_v by_o his_o minister_n shall_v be_v suppress_v that_o he_o for_o the_o future_a will_v himself_o keep_v a_o watchful_a eye_n over_o their_o action_n and_o not_o suffer_v their_o privilege_n to_o be_v diminish_v but_o rather_o it_o occasion_n be_v will_v see_v they_o augment_v the_o populace_n be_v overjoy_v at_o this_o inveigle_a speech_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n show_v the_o most_o profound_a respect_n they_o be_v capable_a of_o by_o smite_v their_o forehead_n on_o the_o ground_n and_o give_v he_o 〈◊〉_d the_o imaginable_a thanks_o and_o promise_v of_o their_o future_a fidelity_n so_o that_o the_o czar_n think_v this_o a_o fit_a opportunity_n to_o declare_v his_o sentiment_n concern_v morosou_n he_o reassume_v the_o discourse_n tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v not_o forgetful_a of_o what_o he_o have_v promise_v they_o sometime_o before_o concern_v boris_n ivanovit_n morosou_n and_o that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o confess_v that_o he_o have_v transact_v many_o thing_n which_o he_o will_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a justify_v but_o that_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o have_v so_o much_o confidence_n in_o his_o good_a people_n as_o to_z hope_v they_o will_v excuse_v he_o if_o at_o this_o time_n he_o can_v not_o immediate_o resolve_v to_o condemn_v he_o to_o death_n that_o this_o be_v his_o first_o request_n he_o live_v in_o hope_n they_o will_v not_o deny_v it_o he_o which_o be_v that_o for_o once_o they_o will_v pardon_v the_o past_a miscarriage_n of_o morosou_n on_o who_o he_o desire_v they_o to_o look_v as_o one_o who_o have_v be_v the_o guardian_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o have_v marry_v the_o great_a duchess_n sister_n who_o upon_o this_o double_a account_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o dear_a to_o he_o and_o consequent_o that_o it_o will_v be_v the_o hard_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n for_o he_o to_o consent_v to_o his_o death_n that_o he_o himself_o will_v be_v answerable_a for_o his_o future_a good_a behaviour_n not_o question_v but_o that_o he_o will_v behave_v himself_o so_o as_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v the_o least_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o he_o and_o that_o if_o they_o will_v declare_v he_o incapable_a by_o their_o unanimous_a vote_n of_o be_v admit_v into_o his_o council_n for_o the_o future_a he_o shall_v be_v dismiss_v the_o great_a duke_n be_v then_o not_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n and_o of_o a_o very_a tender_a constitution_n can_v not_o forbear_v to_o accompany_v his_o last_o word_n with_o some_o tear_n which_o so_o move_v the_o people_n that_o they_o cry_v out_o with_o one_o voice_n long_o live_v our_o great_a duke_n god_n grant_v he_o a_o long_a and_o happy_a reign_n godâ—s_n and_o the_o great_a duke_n will_v be_v do_v the_o czar_n have_v give_v they_o his_o thanks_o and_o extol_v their_o zeal_n and_o affection_n for_o his_o person_n return_v to_o the_o castle_n well_o satisfy_v in_o have_v be_v so_o successful_a to_o reconcile_v his_o brother-in-law_n to_o the_o citizen_n of_o his_o imperial_a city_n of_o musco_n some_o day_n after_o the_o great_a duke_n according_a to_o custom_n go_v a_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o troitza_n about_o threescore_o mile_n from_o musco_n when_o morosou_n take_v this_o opportunity_n of_o appear_v again_o the_o first_o time_n in_o public_a as_o he_o go_v through_o the_o city_n he_o be_v uncover_v salute_v the_o people_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n with_o great_a submission_n he_o countenance_v the_o old_a nobility_n for_o some_o time_n and_o ever_o after_o lay_v hold_n on_o all_o occasion_n to_o gratify_v the_o people_n and_o assist_v those_o who_o address_v themselves_o to_o he_o in_o any_o business_n they_o have_v at_o court_n so_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n there_o appear_v a_o great_a change_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o government_n of_o muscovy_n and_o morosou_n become_v the_o favourite_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o patron_n to_o all_o stranger_n maintain_v his_o greatness_n till_o his_o old_a age_n when_o he_o die_v much_o lament_v by_o the_o people_n but_o not_o the_o nobility_n and_o as_o much_o belove_v by_o his_o prince_n as_o he_o have_v be_v always_o successful_a in_o his_o counsel_n but_o to_o return_v where_o we_o leave_v off_o notwithstanding_o this_o remarkable_a alteration_n in_o the_o government_n there_o happen_v not_o long_o after_o another_o revolt_n which_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v timely_o prevent_v by_o the_o vigilancy_n of_o those_o at_o the_o helm_n may_v have_v prove_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v occasion_v thus_o some_o difference_n be_v arisen_a betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n and_o sweden_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o subject_n of_o both_o kingdom_n leave_v their_o habitation_n in_o their_o respective_a native_a country_n use_v to_o seek_v for_o shelter_n in_o the_o other_o dominion_n to_o avoid_v the_o payment_n of_o their_o debt_n these_o difference_n improve_v by_o some_o reason_n of_o state_n be_v rise_v to_o that_o height_n that_o both_o state_n seem_v to_o be_v threaten_v with_o a_o inevitable_a war_n unless_o prevent_v by_o a_o speedy_a composition_n in_o order_n to_o which_o the_o great_a duke_n alexis_n michaelovit_n scent_n in_o the_o year_n 1649._o the_o next_o follow_v after_o the_o insurrection_n in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n a_o solemn_a embassy_n to_o christina_n queen_n of_o sweden_n
have_v soon_o conquer_a the_o great_a and_o lesser_n poland_n and_o mosovia_n with_o the_o city_n of_o cracovia_n march_v from_o thence_o into_o prussia_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v by_o most_o of_o the_o city_n except_o dantzick_n who_o stand_v firm_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o king_n casimir_n see_v his_o affair_n reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n he_o flee_v himself_o into_o silesia_n for_o refuge_n and_o aid_n from_o the_o emperor_n so_o that_o not_o only_o the_o whole_a stand_a militia_n of_o poland_n but_o also_o that_o part_n of_o lithuania_n which_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o conquer_a by_o the_o muscovite_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o swedish_n protection_n czar_n alexis_n michaelovit_n not_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o encounter_n the_o swede_n flush_v with_o their_o late_a success_n and_o strengthen_v by_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o poland_n judge_v it_o more_o for_o his_o interest_n to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o opportunity_n whilst_o the_o swede_n be_v engage_v with_o the_o pole_n sweden_n his_o war_n with_o sweden_n to_o transfer_v his_o arm_n into_o livonia_n where_o he_o hope_v to_o make_v a_o considerable_a progress_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o their_o king_n charles_n gustavus_n before_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n liuâ—nia_n enter_v liuâ—nia_n he_o enter_v livonia_n with_o a_o very_a puissant_a army_n and_o besiege_a torpat_v which_o after_o some_o resistance_n he_o take_v by_o composition_n have_v soon_o after_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o kokenhousen_n riga_n be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o riga_n and_o some_o other_o place_n of_o note_n he_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o riga_n the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o lettie_n in_o livonia_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n dune_n which_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n but_o the_o swedish_n garrison_n defend_v the_o place_n with_o so_o much_o gallantry_n that_o the_o muscovite_n notwithstanding_o their_o reiterated_a attack_n be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n with_o very_o great_a loss_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o pole_n have_v recollect_v themselves_o after_o their_o first_o consternation_n have_v defeat_v and_o disperse_v the_o swede_n that_o be_v quarter_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n have_v retake_v warsovia_n and_o the_o revolt_a lithuanian_n have_v surprise_v and_o kill_v all_o the_o swede_n that_o be_v in_o winter_n quarter_n with_o they_o and_o though_o charles_n gustavus_n the_o swedish_n king_n have_v be_v join_v before_o by_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburgh_n force_n do_v vanquish_v the_o pole_n in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n which_o last_v three_o day_n near_o warsovia_n yet_o be_v soon_o after_o oblige_v to_o march_v out_o of_o poland_n against_o the_o dane_n the_o pole_n retake_v cracovia_n and_o thorn_n from_o the_o swede_n and_o recover_v courland_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n at_o last_o both_o crown_n be_v tire_v with_o the_o war_n a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n in_o the_o year_n 1666._o in_o the_o monastery_n of_o oliva_n near_o the_o city_n of_o dantzick_n in_o the_o royal_a prussia_n so_o that_o czar_n alexis_n michaelovit_n fear_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o after_o the_o peace_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o both_o those_o potent_a kingdom_n they_o may_v turn_v their_o unite_a force_n against_o he_o propose_v to_o be_v include_v in_o the_o say_a treaty_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o oliva_n peacemale_n at_o oliva_n both_o the_o muscovite_n and_o pole_n resign_v their_o pretension_n upon_o livonia_n to_o the_o swede_n but_o the_o first_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o smolensko_n severia_n and_o kiovia_n which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o pole_n as_o a_o equivalent_a of_o what_o they_o lose_v in_o livonia_n in_o lieu_n of_o which_o the_o swede_n restore_v to_o the_o pole_n all_o the_o place_n they_o be_v possess_v of_o in_o the_o royal_a prussia_n and_o the_o late_a resign_v the_o whole_a sovereignty_n over_o the_o ducal_z prussia_n to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n this_o peace_n prove_v very_o advantageous_a to_o the_o muscovite_n who_o by_o the_o recovery_n of_o these_o frontier_n province_n secure_v themselves_o against_o the_o further_a attempt_n of_o a_o most_o potent_a neighbour_n the_o war_n he_o be_v engage_v in_o against_o the_o turk_n and_o crim_n tartar_n turk_n his_o war_n 〈◊〉_d â—he_n turk_n be_v occasion_v because_o some_o of_o the_o zaporogian_n cosacks_n have_v submit_v themselves_o under_o his_o protection_n as_o we_o mention_v before_o whereas_o some_o of_o they_o have_v seek_v for_o protection_n under_o the_o grand_a signior_n which_o occasion_v a_o war_n betwixt_o these_o two_o potent_a neighbour_n in_o which_o the_o muscovite_n get_v but_o little_a advantage_n for_o the_o crim_n tartar_n make_v a_o irruption_n into_o muscovy_n and_o carry_v away_o above_o 400000_o soul_n into_o perpetual_a captivity_n there_o have_v some_o year_n before_o also_o be_v sweep_v away_o by_o the_o plague_n betwixt_o seven_o and_o eight_o hundred_o thousand_o people_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n have_v be_v lose_v in_o the_o war_n with_o the_o pole_n and_o swede_n so_o that_o betwixt_o the_o sword_n and_o plague_n it_o be_v compute_v that_o muscovy_n have_v in_o ten_o year_n time_n lose_v near_o a_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o people_n which_o so_o impoverish_v and_o depopulate_v the_o country_n that_o abundance_n of_o the_o best_a land_n lay_v untilled_a for_o want_v of_o hand_n and_o that_o in_o some_o of_o the_o southern_a part_n where_o the_o crim_n tartar_n have_v make_v their_o inroad_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v but_o woman_n and_o child_n since_o which_o time_n however_o the_o russian_a empire_n have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n recover_v its_o pristine_a prosperity_n in_o the_o year_n 1669_o rebellion_n a_o new_a rebellion_n muscovy_n be_v involve_v in_o another_o rebellion_n raise_v by_o one_o stephen_n ratzin_n he_o be_v a_o dunensian_a cosack_n by_o birth_n and_o have_v observe_v a_o certain_a disposition_n in_o the_o nagaian_n tartar_n inhabit_v the_o kingdom_n of_o casan_n and_o astrachan_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heavy_a oppression_n they_o groan_v under_o by_o the_o mismanagement_n and_o avarice_n of_o the_o muscovite_n governor_n in_o those_o part_n to_o shake_v off_o the_o russian_a yoke_n he_o gather_v a_o considerable_a party_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o a_o good_a number_n of_o his_o fellow_n cosack_v inhabit_v betwixt_o the_o don_a and_o the_o wolga_n he_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o to_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n which_o after_o some_o small_a resistance_n be_v surrender_v into_o his_o hand_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v towards_o casan_n threaten_v not_o only_o that_o city_n but_o also_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n with_o a_o most_o dreadful_a invasion_n his_o army_n increase_v prodigious_o by_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o tartar_n that_o fâ—ocked_v in_o to_o his_o assistance_n but_o instead_o of_o improve_n this_o opportunity_n to_o his_o advantage_n he_o give_v himself_o to_o idleness_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o debauchery_n whereby_o the_o muscovite_n have_v get_v leisure_n to_o draw_v together_o their_o force_n to_o stop_v the_o current_n of_o his_o victory_n they_o be_v so_o expeditious_a as_o to_o arrive_v near_o casan_n before_o ratzin_n can_v lay_v siege_n to_o the_o place_n and_o have_v thus_o cut_v off_o all_o communication_n with_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o from_o whence_o astrachan_n and_o the_o adjacent_a part_n be_v supply_v with_o corn_n the_o rebellious_a army_n be_v soon_o reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n so_o that_o the_o tartar_n be_v apprehensive_a of_o their_o approach_a danger_n leave_v their_o leader_n for_o the_o most_o part_n notwithstanding_o which_v the_o cosack_n stand_v it_o out_o brave_o resolve_v to_o maintain_v their_o ground_n against_o the_o muscovite_n for_o which_o purpose_n they_o have_v entrench_v themselves_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o astrachan_n the_o muscovite_n see_v the_o desperate_a resolution_n of_o the_o cosack_n think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o reduce_v they_o if_o possible_a to_o obedience_n rather_o by_o fair_a mean_n and_o a_o promise_n of_o pardon_n for_o what_o be_v past_a than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n this_o have_v the_o desire_a effect_n for_o ratzin_n find_v his_o cosack_n waver_v upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n in_o the_o czar_n court_n who_o give_v he_o great_a hope_n of_o his_o pardon_n surrender_v himself_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o czar_n alexis_n michaelovit_n in_o the_o next_o follow_v year_n his_o party_n be_v thus_o deprive_v of_o their_o head_n ready_o embrace_v the_o czar_n offer_n but_o ratzin_n himself_o not_o long_o after_o find_v himself_o extreme_o mistake_v in_o his_o hope_n for_o he_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o great_a marketplace_n before_o the_o castle_n behead_v ratzin_n behead_v where_o he_o have_v