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day_n hour_n long_a minute_n 15,987 5 12.6107 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A37731 An exact description of Ireland chorographically surveying all its provinces & counties ... : with an index of all the provinces, counties, baronies, cities, towns, forts, castles, rivers, lakes, havens, bays, mountains, promontories, &c., in such a manner as may serve for a geographical dictionary for Ireland ... : done according to the latest surveys, and agreeing with all the new maps / by Laurence Eachard ... Echard, Laurence, 1670?-1730. 1691 (1691) Wing E142; ESTC R22203 53,151 182

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of Heraclia Ioyepnia by Diodorus Siculus Irim by Eusta●…hus Oyernia or Overnia and Vernia by some called Bernia Plutarch called it by the Name of Ogygia The Irish Bards or Poets have mentioned the Names of Tivolas Totdanan and Banno as the most ancient Names In later times it went by the Name of Scotia and Scotia Min●…r to distinguish it from the other Scotland It is now called by the Inhabitants Eryn and sometimes Gwydhill by the Welch Yverdon and Ywerdhou by the Germans Irlandi by the Italians Irlanda●… and by the French Irlande It is environed on all sides with the Ocean bounded on the East with a violent and unruly Sea called the Irish Sea or St. George's Channel which separates it from England and Wales and on the North-East from Scotland on the West with that vast Ocean called th●… Western or Atlantick Ocean which parts it from the main Continent of America on the North with the Northern Ocean called the Ducalidonian Ocean and on the South and South-West with that which is called the Vergirian Ocean If we consider it in respect of Heavenly Bodies it is situated between the 5th Degree and 58th Minute and the 10th Degree and 45th Minute of Longitude that is from London but reckoning from Tenneriffe it lies between the 8th and the 12th Degree and 55 Minutes of Longitude equal with the greatest part of Gallicia and Asturia in Spain And between the 51st Degree and 15th Minute and the 55th Degree and 15th Minute of Northern Latitude equal with Wales and the greatest part of England By this account we may see that it lies wholly under the Ninth and Tenth Climes with a little of the Eighth so that the longest Day on the most Southern parts is 16 Hours and about 25 Minutes and the longest Day on the most Northern parts is 17 Hours and about 12 Minutes that is almost an Hour longer It lies in one of the temperate Zones toward the Northern parts of it about five Degrees from the middle so that for its Situation it cannot be very intemperate either in Summer or Winter As for the Form and Shape of this Island it is oblong nigh as long again as broad somewhat though but little indeed resembling an Egg to which form many have likened it to Speed compares it rather to the shape of the Fore-Leg of a Bear which is as difficult to imagine as the other and if we consider all the variety of Windings and Turnings scarce any thing can be imagined to have a more irregular Form It is for bigness an Island of the third Rank reckoned to be about half as big as England In length from Fairhead the Northern Point of Antrim in Ulster to Missen-Head the South Point of Cork in Munster about 285 Miles In breadth in the widest place that is from the East-parts of Down in Ulster to the West-parts of Mayo in Connaught 160 Miles From the East of Wexford in Leinster to the West of Kerry in Munster 152 Miles But in the middle from the East of Dublin to the West of Galloway 146 Miles The whole Circuit reckoning all the Windings and Turnings is above 1400 Miles It lies distant from Scotland North-East and South-West from Cape Red-boy in Antrim to the South-parts of Cantire 15 Miles From England East and West from the East-parts of Down to St. Bees-Head in Cumberland 84 Miles From Wales East and West from the East-parts of Wexford to St. Davids 45 Miles From France North-West and South-East 220 Miles From Spain North and South 440 Miles And from New-France the nighest part of America from which it lies exactly West about 1440 Miles The Air is most mild and temperate in respect of Hot and Cold so that it is cooler in Summer and warmer in Winter than in England but nothing so clear and subtile as here therefore not so good in Summer for ripening of Corn and Fruits In the Winter it is more subject to Wind Clouds and Rain than Frost and Snow It is so excessive moist that many there are sore troubled with Loosenesses and Rheumes more especially Strangers who seldom escape those Distempers for the staying of which they have a Liquor called Usque-bah or an Aqua Vitae which is esteemed of as stronger and better than ours As for its Soil it is of it self abundantly fruitful but naturally rather fitter for Grass and Pasturage In some places the rankness of the Soil is so great the Grass so long and withal so sweet that the Cattel in those places would soon graze to a surfeit if they were not sometimes hindred This Country in many places is incumbred with vast Bogs and unwholsome Marshes being full of great Lakes and Sands and is also over-grown with many large Woods But of late Years these Inconveniencies have been very much corrected by drying and draining up many of the Marshes and by cutting down several of the Woods It produces a vast number of goodly Flocks of Sheep which they share twice a year Here are likewise excellent good Horses which we call Hobies which have not the same pace with others but a soft and round Amble setting one Leg before another very finely As for Cattle here are infinite numbers being indeed the principal Wealth of the Inhabitants it is said they will give no Milk if their Calves be not by them or their Skins stuffed with Straw or Hay For Bees they have such Numbers that they are found not only in Hives but also in the Bodies of Trees and holes of the Earth It is very much troubled with Wolves but has no Snake or Venemous Creature whatsoever neither will any live here It has variety of all sorts of wild and tame Fowls and vast quantities of Fish especially Salmons and Herrings All living Creatures besides Men Women and Greyhounds are smaller than ours in England The Principal Riches and Commodities of this Kingdom are Cattel Hides Tallow Suet great Store of Butter and Cheese Wood Salt Honey Wax Furs Hemp Linnen Cloth Pipe Staves great quantities of Wool of which they make Cloth and Freezes with those course Rugs or shag Mantles which are vented into Foreign Countries Variety of Fish and Fowl and also several Metals as Lead Tin and Iron in a word there is nothing wanting either for Pleasure and Profit every thing being extraordinary cheap and plentiful and of late times the Industry of the Inhabitants have not been so much wanting and by reason of the great Converse with the English are more Civilized then formerly both Trade and Learning flourishing i●… such a measure that were it not fo●… these unhappy Broils it well might have been counted as Beautiful an●… Sweet a Country as any under Heave●… The Principal Rivers of this Country are 1. Shannon or Shennon which ariseth in the County of Letrim in Connaught It divides for the most part of the way Connaught from Leinster and Munster and makes many Lakes