d xix d v d xxix e vi e xxx e xx e vi e xxiii f vii f xxxi f xxiiiâ— f vii f xxiiii g viii g i g xxv g viii g xxv a xvi a ii a xxiiii a ix a ii b xvii b iii b xxiiii b x b iii c xviii c iiii c xxv c xi c xxviii d xii d v d xix d xii d xxix e xiii e vi e xx e xiii e xxx f xiiii f xxxi f xx f xiiii f xxxi g xv g â— g xxii g viii g i a xvi a ix a xxvi a xvi a ii b xvii b x b xxvii b xvii b iii c xviii c xi c xxviii c xviii c iiii d xix d v d xxix d xix d v e xx e vi e xxx e xiii e vi f xxi f vii f xxi f xiiii f vii g xxii g viii g xxv g xv g viii a xxvi a xvi a ii a xiii   b xxvii b x b iii b xiiii   c xxviii c xi c iiii c xviii   d xxii d xii d v d xix   e xxiii e xiii e xxx e xx   f xxiiii f xiiii f xxxi f xxi   g xxv g xv g i g xxii   upon the letter dominicall next vnder the golden number that renneth is easter daye for the yeare of the golden number a. signifyeth aprill m. sygnyeth march and the numbre of the sayde letters is the number of the dayes of the moneth that easter shall fall vpon the figure of the eclips of the sunne and the moone the dayes houres and momentes capitulo .vi. m.d. â—â— the eclipse of the moone the .xi day of march .xv. houres .xl. min. m.d.ix. the eclipse of the sunne the xxi day of august i houre .vi. minu m. 〈…〉 of the moone the .xv. daye of iuly .xv. houres .l. mynute m.d. 〈…〉 clypse of the sunne the .xx. day of iune iiii houres .xxxvii. minutes m. â— lxiii the eclipse of the moone the .v. day of iuly viii houres iiii minutes m. v.lxv the eclipse of the moone the .vii. day of nouember xii houres xviii minutes m.d.lxvi the eclipse of the moone the .xxviii. daye of october v. houres xxxvii minu m.d.lxvii the eâ—clipse of the moone the .viii. daye of aprill .xxii. houres .xxix. min. m.d.lxvii the eclypse of the moone the xvii day of october xiii houres xiii minutes m.d.lxix the eclypse of the moone the ii daye of march xv houres .iiii minutes m.d.lxx. the eclipse of the moone the .xx. daye of february .v. houres xxxix minu m.d.lxx. 〈◊〉 eclypse of the moone the .xv. daye of august ix houres .xvii minutes m.d.lxxii the eclipse of the moone the .xvii. day of october .xiii. houres lxii minutes m.d.lxix the eclipse of the moone the seconde daye of march xx houres iiii minutes m.d.lxx. the eclipse of the mone the .xx. day of february .v. houres xxxix mynutes m.d.lxx. the eclipse of the moone the .xv. day of august ix houres xvii minutes m.d.lxxii the eclipse of the moone the .xxv. daye of iune ix hours .lxii minutes m.d.lxxiii the eclipse of the moone the .viii. day of december vii houres xxxviii min. m.d.lxxiiii the eclipse of the sunne the .xiii. day of nouember .iiii. houres .lii. minutes m.d.lxxvi the eclypse of the sunne the .vii. day of october x. houres lii minutes m.d.lxxvii the eclipse of the moone the .ii. daye of apryll viii houres xviii minutes m.d.lxxvii the eclipse of the moone the .xxvi. daye of septeÌ„ber .xii. houres .xxxvi. minutes m.d.lxxviii the eclipse of the moone the xv day of september xiii houres viii minu m.d.lxxx the eclipse of the moone the .xxxi. daye of ianuary .x. houres vi minutes m.d.lxxxi the eclipse of the moone the .xix. day of ianuary .xi. houres vi minutes m.d.lxxxi the eclipse of the moone the .xv. daye of iuly .xvi. hours .xlviii minutes m.d.lxxxii the eclipse of the sunne the xix day of iune xvi houres .liii. minutes m.d.lxxiiii 〈◊〉 eclypse of the sunne the .xix. daye of apryll .xvii. houres xxvii minutes m.d.lxxxiiii the eclipse of the moone the .viii. day of nouember .xiii houres xii minutes m.d.lxxxvii the eclipse of the moone the .vi. day of september .viii houres lviii minutes m.d.lxxxviii the eclipse of the moone the seconde daye of march xv houres xiiii minutes m.d.lxxxvii 〈◊〉 eclypse of the mone the .xxv. daye of august .xvii houres .xxiiii. minu m.d.lxxxix the eclipse of the moone the .xv. day of august vii houres liii minutes m.d.xc. the eclipse of the sunne the xx day of iuly .xix houres xxxviii minutes m. d.xâ— the eclipse of the mone the .xxx daye of december viii houres .i. mynntes md.xci 〈…〉 of the sunne the x. daye of iuly .iii. houres .xxxvi. mynutes m. â— c.â—â—i the eclipse of the moone the .xix. day of december .xvii. houres .xxiiii. min. m. v.c.xcii the eclipse of the moone the .xiii. day of iune .x. houres .xxiiii. minutes m. v.c.xcii the eclipse of the moone the .viii. day of december viii houres xxiii minutes m. v.c.xciii the eclypse of the sunne the .xx. day of may .ii. houres .xxxvi. minutes m. v.c.xciiii the eclipse of the moone the .xviii. daye of october .xix. houres .xxviii. minu m. v.c.xcv the eclypse of the moone the .xiii. daye of april .xvi. houres .liii minutes m. v.c.xc.v the eclypse of the sunne the .xxiii. daye of september the .i. houre .xiii. mi. m. v.c.xcvi the eclipse of the moone the .ii. daye of aprill .ix. houres .xlix minutes m. v.c.xcviii the eclipse of the moone the x. day of february .xviii. houres lvii minutes m.d.xcviii the eclypse of the sunne the â—xiiii daye of februaryeâ— xxiii houres .xi. min. m.d.xcviii the eclipse of the moone the .vi. daye of august vii hours lviii minutes m.d.xcix the eclypse of the moone the .xxx. day of ianuary .xix. houres vi minutes m. â—i.c the eclipse of the sunne the xxx day of iune .i. houre .xxxiii. mynutes m. vi.c.i the eclipse of the moone the xxix day of noueÌ„ber .vii. houres .xxx viii minutes m. vi.c.i the â—clipse of the sunne the .xiiii. day of december .ii. houres liiii minutes 〈…〉 the eclipse of the moone the .xxv. daye of may vii houres xxxvi minutes m. vi.c.iii the eclipse of the moone the .xiiii. daye of may .xii. houres .l. minutes m. vi.c.iii the eclipse of the moone the .viii. daye of nouember vii houres .xxxvii. minu m. vi.c.v the eclipse of the moone the .xxiiii. daye of march ix houres .xlii. minutes m. vi.c â— the eclipse of the moone the xvi day of september .xvii. hours v. minutes al the eclypses of the sunne be on the day and of the moone by night and ye shal wyte the eclipse of the sunne and the moone appereth sometime otherwyse then we see it for the eclipse of the sunne may well be by night and the eclypse of the moone may be by day but such eclypse appeareth not to vs shepardes no maruell that mans minde is mutable and wyll you know wherfore and why for he
in decembre the teÌ„porall houres of the day haue but .xl minutes but the houres of the night haue foure score for in that tyme the nightes haue xvi houres artificialles the which deuyded in twelue parts ben foure score minutes for euery temporall houre thus the houres of the nyghtes in decembre haue foure score minutes xl for an houre of the day there ben syxe score minutes in two temporall houres as many as in two houres artyficialles that be echeÌ„ of xl minuts in iune is the contrary in mars and in september all houres ben egall as the dayes ben in other monthes by egall portion with euery planet here afore fygured ben the signes which be the houses of the sayd planets as it is aforesayd capricornus and aquarius ben the howses of saturne sagitarius and pisces of iupiter scorpius and aries of mars leo of sol taurus and libra of uenus gemini of mercury cancer of luna with other significations that wolde be long to recounte here after foloweth the nature of the .vii. planets with the dispositions of the sayd planets after the sayings of expert shepardes xmi xvn xxi xxv my sonne thou shalt vnderstande that to auoyde all idlenes this matter oft thou take in hand to rede of shepardes businesse and specially of the planets seuen of mars and saturne that is full hye also of sol the myddle heauen and vnder him uenus luna and mercury for to know theyr natures all in soth it is a great cunning and shew what may befall when euery planet is raygning by theyr worcking oft we byn moued to loue lust and playes of iolitie and by soure of them as clarkes haue proued they styrre vs to thefte murther and vilitie some be good some be bad verely some be not comfortable to man ne beast some hote some colde some moyst some dry if three be good foure be worse at the least saturne is hyest and coldest being full bad and mars with his bluddy swerde euer redy to kyl iupiter very good and uenus maketh louers glad sol and luna is halfe good and halfe yll mercury is good and euill verely and hereafter shalt thou know which of the seuen most worthy be and who reigneth hye and who a lowe of euery planets propertie which is the best amonge them all that causeth welth sorowe or sinne tary and heare sone thou shalt speake softe for nowe i begin of saturne ¶ saturnus significat hominem nigrum croceuÌ„ ambulando mergentem in terra qui ponderosus est incessu adiungens pedes macer recuruus habens paruos occulos siccam cutam barbam raram labia spissa calidus ingeniosus seductor interfector hominemque corpore pilosum iunctis supercilijs here beginneth of saturne the highest of the .vii. planets saturne is the highest planette of all the seuen he is mighty of hym selfe he gyueth all the greate coldes and waters yet he is drye and colde of nature and he commeth into cancer and hys chiefe sygnes ben aquarye and capricorne and he compasseth all the other planettes for saturne is next vnder the fyrste mobile that is vnder the chrystall skye the which mobile moueth marueylously for some shepardes say that he causeth by his mouinge all other planettes to moue and moueth the mobile aboue saturne is so hye that shepardes can not wel measure it for so hye reason hath â—owâ—r and no farther and therefore it is more then .xxx. yeare or he may renne his course when he doth raygne thete is much these vsed and litle charitie much lyinge and much lawynge one agaynste another and greate prysonment and much debate and greate swearinge and much plenty of corne and also much plenty of hogges and greate trauayle on the earthe and olde folke shall be very sickely and many diseases shall raigne amonge the people and specially in the chiefe houres of saturne and therfore this planet is likened to age as harde hungry suspicious and couetous that seldome is content with any thinge for saturne is enemy to all things that groweth and beareth life of nature for the colde and stormy bitternes of his time of his proprieties he that is borne vnder saturne shall be false enuyous and full of debate and full of lawe and he shall be cunnynge in coryinge of lether and a great eater of breade and fleshe and he shal haue a stinkynge breth and he shal be heauy thoughtfull and malycious a robber a fyghter and full of couetyse and yet he shall kepe councell well and be wyse in councelyng and he shall loue to synne wilfully he shall be a greate speaker of tales iustes and chronycles he shall haue lytle eyen blacke haire great lippes brode shouldred and shal loke downeward he shal not loue sermons ne to goe to the church and beware of hys handes and beholde the ratell and aboue his eares the planet doth raigne and the chyldren of the sayde saturne shal be great iangelers and chyders blacke lene in the face thinne bearded euill langnaged they shal be full of lawe and vengeaunce and wyll neuer forgyue tyll they be reuenged of theyr quarell and lyke as the planet saturne is colde and causer of great frostes and snowes ensemblably and he that is borne vnder him shal be cold in charitie and not misericordious and mercifull but vengeable and wil neuer be intreated and also they shal be great cursers and beare malyce longe in their myndes and not forget it and they loke to be obeyed and to haue great reuerence and commonly will prayse them selfes and talke to them selfe and laugh at their owne conceyte and all euils shal grow in them and aboue all coloures he shall loue blacke colour best the planet of saturne gouerneth of man the ratell and aboue the eares as is aforesayde and this planet is cause of hasty death for bycause that he is colde and drye of nature and therfore he is lykened to melancoly and the sayd saturne raigneth in aquary capricorne and cancer but specially in aquary and capricorne of iupiter ¶ iupiter significat hominem habentem album ruborem in facie habentem oâ—culos non pâ—orsu nigros nares non equares â—â—eâ—e caluum in aliquo dentiuÌ„ habentem â—â—gridmem pulchre stature boni animi bonis moribus pulchri corporis hominemque habentem magnos occulos pupillam latam barbam crispam next after the planet of colde saturne is the noble planet of iupiter the which iupiter is very pure and clere of nature and not very hot but he is all vertuous and ther is fyxed in iupiter two noble signes of loue the one is pisces and the other is sagittary signes of none euill nor vnhappines this planet may do none euill he is best of al the other seuen he kepeth the lyuer of man and maintayneth it ioyously and euermore this planet doth good and within .xii. yere or there about he passeth all the twelue signes of his proprieties the man that is borne vnder hym shall loue
the line vnder .xvi. serueth all the sayd yere and when we haue .xvii. the lyne vnder .xvii. shall serue to the yeare that .xvii. is for the golden numbre and so forth of the other vt celum signis presurgens est duodenis sichominis corpus assimulatur eis nam caput et facies aries sibi gaudit habere gutturus et collâ—ius tibi taure detur brachia cum manibus geminis sunt apta decentur naturam cancâ—i pectoris aula gerit at leo vult stomacum renis sibi vendicat idem sed in testinis uirgo preesse petit ambas libra nates ambes sibi vendicat hancas scorpio vult anum vultque pudanda sibi inde sagittarius is coxis vult dommari amborum genum vim capricornus habet regnat in aquario crurtum vis apta decentur piscibus et demum congrua planta pedum saturnus niger iupiter â—iridis mars rebeus est sol croteus uenus albus marcurius et luna varti sunt dum quisquis regnat nascitur puer sic coloratus the declaration of the latine here aboue that is to saye that the .xii. signes hath domination ouer the body of man deuided by the partes as the signes deuideth the firmament and euery signe beholdeth and gouerneth the partes of the body so as it is sayde aboue and afterwarde shal be shewed by fygures and is declared more plainly and faithfully such like of planets is sayd of their coloures but of their natures and properties of the partes of the bodyes the which gouerneth and beholdeth more at full shall ye heare at length also of the .xii. monthes natures march aprill and may are very hote and moyst that signifyeth blud and ayre iune iuly and august is sommer and signifyeth hot and dry choler manhode and feare september october and nouember is haruest and betokeneth colde and dry and age melancoly and earth december ianuary and february is winter and betokeneth colde and moyst childehode fleume and water called i am iauyuere the colde in christmas season good fyre i loue yonge iesu that sometime iudas solde in me was circumcised for mans behoue three kinges sought the sonne of god aboue they kneeled downe and hyd him homage with loue to god their lorde that is mans owne brother ¶ hereafter foloweth a kalender with the fygures of euery saynt that is halowed in the yere in the which is the figures the houres the momentes and the newe moones capitulo .iii. in iano claris calidisque cibis potiaris atque decens potut post fercula â—it tibi notus ledit enim medo tunc potatus vt bene credo balnea tucius intres venam scindere â—ures       a iiii ix b iii xvii octaua sancti stephani b v vii c   octaua saniti bohannis c   d   octaua sanctorum inno. d â— ii e vii lvii octa. sancti thome mar e   f    f iiii xii g   felicis et ianua g    ix xvii sancti lucâ—ani h  xxxvii b   sancti iudiii i  iiii c viii xlii pauli primi heremite k vi xiii d iiii xvi lini epis l   e   archadii martiris m viii vi f o xxxv sancti hilarii n   g   felicis presbyteris o v xxxiiii  i viii sancti mauri abbatis p   b viii ii sancti marcelli epis q   c   sulpitii episcopi r xi xli d o xvi sancte pisce virginis s ix xlii e   hulstani episcopi s v xi f   fabiani et sebastiani t   g v li sancte agnetis v o xxxiii    uincentii martiris v   b iiii xiii sanci emerenciani x   c   sancti timothei y   d    z ii xvii e   policarpii episcopi   f vi xlv iuliani episcopi â— Â xxi g   agnetis secundo a  xx    ualerii epis et mar b vi xxxv b vi xxviii batilde virginis c   c   saturnini uictoris d i vi xv xiiii xvii xxi xxv nascitur occulta sebris februario multa potibus et escis si caute vivere velis tuuc caue frigorem de pollice â—unde cruorem fuge mellis fauum pectoris qui morbos curabit   d   brigidi et ignacii e o vi e viii xxxi â—urificatio beate marie f   f   sancti blasii episcopi g   g  xxv sancti gilberti epis h     xxvi sancti agathe vir i iii lviii b   uedasti et amandi k o iiii c x lv sancti anguli vir l vi lix d vii liiii pauli episcopi m   e   sancte appollonie vir n   f    o   g i liiii eufrasie virginis p      sancti eulalie q   b vii xxxv sancti wulfranni r   c   sancti ualentini epis s xiii lv d ii xxvi faustiniet ioniti s o xxxiii e   iuliane virginis t vii xli f o xxxiii policronii epis et mar v   g viii xxxix simeonis epis et mar u    xv xxxi sabim et iuliani mar x   b iiii lix mildrede virginis y   c   sanctorum lxix z   d   cathedra sanctl petri   e   policarpi ê° Â Â f vii i  a   g   inuentio sancti pauli b i xlii    sancti nestori mar c o ix b viii liii sancti augustini d   c   oswaldi episcopi con e it is to be noted that the golden numbres sheweth the dayes houres and minutes of the newe moones the red nombres for the fore noone and the blacke for the after noone on the same dayes that the nombres demonsireth ii iii xiiii xii xxii xxiiii martius humores gignit variosque dolores sume cibum pure cocturas si placet vre balnea sunt saâ—a sâ—d que supeâ—stua vana vena nec addendaâ—nec potio sit tribuenda viii xxxvii d   sancti dauid epis f   e o l sancti cedde episcopi g   f i xlâ—i martini et asteri h   g   sancti adriani mar i x lviii    foce eusebii perpetue k   b   uictoris et uictorini l  ix c o xii perpetuâ— et felici m ix xix d ix lvi depositio sancti felicis n   e   quadraginta mar o   f   sancte agapite vir p o xli g ii xlvi equinoc q      sancti gregorii epis r vi xlv b   theodore marti â— Â Â c    s li xii d i xxxiiii sancti longini mar s i xlii e xviii xxxâ—ii bonifacii epis t ix xxxv f x xxxiii patricii episcopi v   g   edwardi regis u  Â
ben of the variation that is for diuers habitations and regions of the earth cap. xxxvii shepeherdes say that if it were possible that the earth were inhabyted all about and pose the case that it were so firste they that inhabite vnder the equinoctiall haue alwayes the dayes and the nyghts equall and haue the .ii. poles of the world at the two corners of their orizon and may see al the sterres when they see the two poles and the sunne passeth twyse in a yere ouer them that is when it passeth by the equinoctials thus the sunne is to them the one halfe of the yere towarde the pole artike and the other halfe towarde the other pole and therfore they haue two winters in a yere without great colde one is when we haue winter and the other when we haue sommer semblably they haue two sommers one is in march when we haue prime time and the other in september when we haue haruest and by this they haue foure solstices two hie when the sunne passeth by their zenich and two lowe when it declineth one way or other and thus they haue four vmbres or shadowes in a yere for when the sunne is in the equinocces twise in a yere in the morninge their shadowes be in the occidente and at night in the oriente and then at noone they haue no shadowes but when the sunne is in the signes septentrionals their shadowes be towarde the parties of the signes meridionals and so againeward secondly they that inhabite betwene the equinoctiall and the tropike of sommer haue in likewise two sommers and two winters and four shadowes in a yere and they haue no difference of the first saue that they haue longer dayes in sommer and shorter in winter for as the equinoctiall lengeth in likewise doth the dayes in sommer and in that part of the earth is the first climate and almost halfe of the seconde and is named araby wherin is ethiopia thirdly they that inhabite vnder the tropike of sommer haue the sunne ouer their heades and at the day of the solstice of sommer at noone they haue their shadowes smaller then we haue and there is a parte of ethiopic fourthly they that be betwene the tropike of sommer and the circle artike haue longer dayes in sommer then the abouesayde in as much as they be farther from the equinoctiall and shorter in winter and they haue the sunne ouer their heades ne toward septentrion and that part of the earth we inhabite fifthly they that inhabite vnder the circle artike haue the ecliptike of the zodiake to their orizon and when the sunne is in the solstice of sommer it resconseth not thus they haue no night but natural dayes of .xxiiii. houres semblably when the sunne is in the solstice of winter it is natural day when they haue contynuall nyght and that the sunne ryseth not to them sixthly they that be betwene the circle artike and the pole artike haue in sommer dyuers naturall dayes that be to them one day artificiall without any night and also in winter be many natural dayes which are to them alwaies night and the more that it approcheth the pole the more is the artificial day of sommer longe and dureth in some place a weke in other a moneth in other two in other three in other more and proporcionally the night is greater for some of the signes be euer on their oryzon and some alwayes vnder and as longe as the sunne is in the signes aboue it is day and while it is in the signes vnderneth it is night seuenthly they that inhabite right vnder the pole haue the sunne halfe of the yeare on their orizon and haue continuall day and the other halfe of the yere continuall night and the equinoctial is in their orizon that deuideth the signes six aboue and six beneath wherfore when the sunne is in the signes that be hye and towarde them they haue continuall day and when it is in the signes toward midday they haue continual nyght and thus in a yere they haue but one day and one night and as it is sayde of that parte of the earth toward the pole artyke a man may vnderstand of the other halfe and of the habitations towards the pole antartike the deuision of the earth and onely of the parte inhabited shepherdes and other as they deuide the earth inhabitable in .vii. partes that they call climates the first diamerous the second climate diaciens the .iii. dalixandry the .iiii. diarhodes the v. climate diaâ—omes the .vi. daboristines the .vii. diatipheos of the whych eche hath hys longitude determined and the latitude also and the nerer they be to the equinoctiall the longer they be and larger procede in longitude from orient to occident and in latytude from midday to septentrion the first climate after some shepherds conteyneth in length halfe of the circuite of the earth that is two hundred thousande .iiii. hundred myle it hath an hundred thousande two hundred myle of length the seconde and so of the other for the lessing of the earth comming toward septentrion to vnderstande what a clymate is after the sayinge of shepardes a clymate is a space of earth equally large wherof the length is from orient to occident the bredth is comming fro midday and fro the earth in habitable toward the equinoctiall drawing to septentrion as much as an â—â—rolege or clocke chaungeth not for in earth habitable the clockes change .vii. times in the bredth of the climates it is of necessitie to say that they be .vii. where the variation of horologes is there is the dyuersitie of clymates howe be it that such variation properly ought to be taken in the myddes of the clymates and not in the beginninge or ende for the proximitie and couenaunce the one of the other also one climate hath alwayes a day artificiall of soÌ„mer shorter or longer then another climate this day sheweth the differeÌ„ce in the middes of euery climate better then in the beginning or ende the which thing we may sensibly know at eye and therby iudge the difference of the clymates and it is to be noted that vnder the equinoctiall the dayes and the nyghtes in all tymes are equall eche of twelue houres but comming toward septentrion the dayes of sommer longeth the wynter dayes shorteth and the more that one aprocheth septentrioÌ„ the more waxeth the dayes in such wise that at the fyne of the last clymate the dayes in sommer be longer by thre houres and an halfe then they be at the begynnynge of the fyrst and the pole is more reysed by .xxxviii. degrees at the begynnyng of the fyrst clymate the longest day of sommer hath xii houres and xlv minutes in the pole is reysed on the oziron xii degrees and xlv mynutes and the myddes of the clymate the longest daye hath .xiii. houres and the pole reysed .xvi. degrees and the latytude dureth vnto the longest day of sommer that is
.xiii. houres and .xv. minutes and the pole reysed .xx. degrees and an halfe the whych largenes is .ccc.xl. myle of earth the seconde clymate begynneth at the ende of the fyrste and the myddes is there as the day hath .xiii. houres an halfe and the pole is reysed ouer the ozyron .xxiiii. degrees and .xv. mynutes and the latytude dureth vnto there as the longest daye hath .xiii. houres and .xlv. mynutes and the pole is reysed .xxvii. degrees and an halfe and thys largenes conteyneth of earth cccc myle iust the thyrde clymate begynneth at the ende of the seconde and the myddes is there as the day hath .xiii. houres the pole is reysed xxx degrees and .xlv minutes and the latytude extendeth vnto there as the loÌ„gest daye hath .xiiii. houres and .xv. mynutes and the pole is reysed .xxiii. degrees and .xl. mynutes the fourth clymate at the ende of the thyrd and the middes is there as the longest day hath .xiiii. houres and an halfe and the pole is reysed .xxvi. degrees and .xx. mynutes the latytude dureth vnto there as the longest daye hath .xiii. houres and xlv mynutes and the pole is reysed .xxx. degrees and the largenes conteyneth of earth .ccc myle the fyfth clymate begynneth at the ende of the fourth aâ—d the myddes is there as the longest day hath xv houres and the pole is reysed .xli. degrees and .xx. mynutes and the latytude dureth vnto there as the longest daye hath xv houres and xv mynutes and the pole is reysed xliii degrees and an halfe and the largenes conteyneth of earth cclii myle the vi clymate begynneth at the ende of the fyfth and the middes is there as the longest day hath xv houres and an halfe and the pole is reysed ouer the ozyron xlv degrees and xxiii mynutes of the whych the largenes dureth vnto there as the longest day hath xv houres xlv mynutes the whych largenes conteyneth of earth cc.xii myle the vii clymate begynneth at the ende of the syxt and the middes is there as the longest daye hath xvi houres and the pole is reysed xlviii degrees and xl mynutes the latytude extendeth vnto there as the longest day hath xvi houres and xv minutes and the pole is reysed fifty degres and an halfe and the largenes of the earth conteyneth clxxxvi myle a marueylous consyderation of the great vnderstanding of shepeherdes if case were after the length of the climates one might go about the earth fro orient to occident to his first place some shepards say that this coÌ„passe may almost be made saying that if a man went this coÌ„passe in .xii. naturall dayes going regulerly toward occident and began nowe at midday he should passe euery day naturall the .xii. parte of the circuite of the earth and be .xxx. degrees whereof behoueth that the sonne make a course about the earth and .xxx. degrees ferther or he be retourned on the morowe at the merydien of the sayde man and so the sayde man shoulde haue his day night of .xxvi. houres and should be farther by the .xii. part of a naturall day then if he rested him wherfore it followeth of necessitie that in xii naturall dayes the sayd man should onely haue but xi dayes and .xi. nights somewhat lesse that the sunne should light him but .xi. times resconse .xi times for .xi. dayes and .xi. nightes euery day and nyght of .xxvi. houres maketh .xii. naturall dayes eche day of .xxiiii. houres by semblable consideration behoueth that an other man that should make this course going toward orient haue his day and night shorter then a naturall day by .ii. houres then his day and night should be but of .xii. houres then if be made this course in like space that is to say in .xii. dayes and somewhat more thus if iohn made the course toward occident and peter towarde orient and that robert abode them at the place fro whence they departed the one as sone as the other and that they meete at robert both together peter would say that he had two dayes and two nightes more then iohn robert that had rested a day lesse then peter and a day more then iohn howe well that they haue made this course in .xii. naturall dayes or an hundred or in ten yere all is one this is a pleasant consideration among shepardes how iohn and peter arriueth one selfe day put case it were on sonday iohn wold say it is saterday peter wold say it is monday and robert would say it is sonday ¶ of the pomell of the skyes a sterre named the sterre of the north neere to pole artike called septentrionall cap. xxxviii after the abouesaid things here wil we speake of some sterres in perticuler and first of them that shepards cal the pomel of the skies or sterre of the north wherfore we ought to knowe that we see sensibly the sky turne from orient to occident by the diurnal mouing that is of the first mobile which is made on two points opposites that be the poles of the skie of the which one we see and it is the pole artike and the other we see not that is the pole antartike or of midday which is alwaye hyd vnder the earth by the pole artike that we see is the sterre most approched that shepards call the pomell of the skye the which they say is the highest and most stedfast from vs by the which they haue the knowledge that thei haue of the other sterres and parts of the skie the sterres that be by the said pomel go neuer vnder the earth of the which be the sterres that make the chariot diuers other but they that be far from it go sometime vnder the earth as the sunne the moone other planets under this pomel directly is the angle of the earth in the place where against the sunne is at the houre of midnight of andromeda a sterre fyxed aries is a signe hot and dry that gouerneth the head of man and the face and the regions babylon percy and araby and sygnifieth small trees and vnder him at the .xvi. degree ryseth a sterre fyxed named andromeda that shepardes figureth a mayde in her haire vpon the brinke of the sea set to be deuoured of the monsters of the sea but perseus sonne of iupiter fought with his sworde against the sayde monster and slewe it and then the sayde andromeda was deliuered they that be borne vnder her constellation be in daunger of prison or to dye in pryson but if a good planet take regarde then scape not death and prison aries is the exaltacion of the sunne at the .xix. degree and aries is the house of mars with scorpio where he is most of perseus a sterre fyxed lorde of the spere taurus hath the trees plantes and ympes and gouerneth of man the necke and the throte bol the regions ethiopy egipt and the country about and vnder the .xxii. degree riseth a sterre fyxed of the first magnitude that shepardes call perseus sonne of iupiter
on the sea pondes and ryuers and as it is sayde aquarius is the house of saturne in which he reioyceth of pegasus that signifyeth the horse of honour a sterre fyxed pisces gouerneth of man the feete and signifyeth a man subtyle wyse and of dyuers colours and hath regyons tabrasen iurgen and all the habitable part that is septentrion and parte of romany and vnder the â—v degree of the sayd signe riseth a sterre that shepards call pegasus that is the horse of honour and the figure in forme of a faire horse they that be borne vnder his constellation shal be honoured amonge great capitayns and lordes when uenus is with it they be loued of great ladyes if the sayde sterre be in the middes of the skye in the discending and pisces is one of the houses of iupiter and sagittarius the other in the which he reioyseth most and the sayde pisces in the .xxvii. degree is the exaltation of uenus of the deuision of the .xii. houses as well in the earth as in the heauens cap. xxxix the heauens and the earth may be deuyded in foure partes by two circles which crosseth directly ouer the two poles and crosseth foure times the equinoctiall line ech of the foure partes deuided into three equally is in all .xii. equall parts as wel in the skye as in the earth which shepherds call houses and be twelue of the which sixe be alwayes aboue the earth and sixe vnder it and these houses moueth not but be alwayes eche in their place and the signes and planets passeth by them always once in .xxiiii. houres three of these houses be from orient to midnight going vnder the earth the first the second and the third wherof the fiâ—st vnder the earth beginnineth at orient named the house of life the seconde house of substance and riches the thirde that finisheth at midnight is the house of fraternitie the fourth that beginneth at midnight comming in occident is named the house of partrimony the fifth folowing is the house of sonnes the sixt finisheth in occident vnder the earth is the house of sicknes the seuenth beginneth in occident on the earth and stretcheth toward midday is the house of mariage the eight is the house of death the ninth finishinge at midday is called the house of fayth of reâ—gion and pilgrimage the tenth beginning at midday comming toward orient is the house of honour and of regalitie the eleuenth after that is the house of true friendes and the twelfth that fynisheth in orient on the earthe is named the house of charitie but this matter is diffycile for shepardes knowledging the nature and propertie of euery of the sayde twelue houses and departeth them lightly and suffyseth of that is sayde with the fygure present thus endeth of the twelue houses qualiter pâ—er crescit in ventre matris sue primo mense crescit cerebrum secundo crescuÌ„t vene tertio quarto habeâ—it omnia meÌ„bra sua sed erit sine anima qinto incipit venere mulum grauabit matrem suam sexto circundabitur pelle ossa crescent septimo vngues crescent octauo crescet cor omnia viscera pretericour nono sciet mater si puer poterit bene nascian non decimo crescit iâ—cur in puero de tunc bene comparebit mulieri si bene eueniet puâ—ro an non que in iâ—core irascat quod quam cito habuit iecur tam cito nascetur vel morietur in quibus partibus corporis hominis sunt spiritus intellectus intellectus dicitur esse in fronte memoria in cerebro ira in felle auaricia in iecore timor in corde halitus in pulmone cogitatio in venis quia splene ridemus selle irascimur corde sapimus iecore amamus quibus quatuor elementis constantibus integrum est animal of the twelue signes which be good or bad to take iourneys by land or by water cap. xxxix aries is good tautus is not so gemini and cancer will make thee glad but beware hardely of leo and uirgo libra for frendship full harde is scorpio sagittary good capricorne peryllous aquary by water good clerkes proueth so for best is pisces and most plenteous how the planets raigne in euery houre ca. xl he that wyll wete howe shepardes know whiche planete raygneth euery houre of the day and the night and which planet is good which is bad ought to know the planette of the day seke therfore the firste temporal houre of the sonne rysynge that day is for the sayde planet the seconde houre is for the planet ensuynhe the thyrde for the other as they byn here fygured by ordre and it behoueth to go from sol to uenus mercury luna them come ageyne to saturne vnto xii that is the houre before the son goynge downe and incontinent after the son is downe begynneth the fyrste houre of the nyght that is for the .xiii. planet the seconde houre of the nyght for the xiiii so vnto xii houres for the nyghte that is the nexte houre before the sonne rysynge and come directly fallyng vpon the xxiiii planet that is next before that of the day folowynge and thus the day hath xii houres and the nyght xii also the whych be temporal houres different to the houres of the clockes the which be artificials shepardes sayd that saturne and mars be euyll planettes iupiter and uenus good sol and luna halfe good and halfe euyll the parey toward a good planet is good and the party towarde the euyl planet is nought mercury conioyned with a good planette is good and with an euyll planet he is nought and they vnderstande this as to â—he inflicences good or euyll that bin of the sayde planetes there folowynge the houres of the planets ben different to them of clockes for the houres of clockes ben egall at all tymes eche of .lx. minutes but they of the planets wheÌ„ the dayes and the nightes be egall that the sonne is in one of the equinocces they be egal but as sone as the dayes lengtheneth or shortneth so dothe the natural houres by this it is conuenient alway for the day to haue â—ii teÌ„poral houres the nyght also and when the dayes be long the houres longe and when the dayes ben short and the houres short in lykewise is the night and neuerthelesse an houre of the day and an houre of the night together haue vi score minutes as many as two houres artyficialles for that the one leueth the other taketh and take we our planets fro the sonne rysing not before vnto the sonne goyng downe and all the remenaunt is nyght example of that which is abouesayd in deceÌ„ber the dayes haue but .viii. houres artyficiall â—es of clockes and they bene xii teÌ„porals let the viii houres artificialles be deuided in xii egall partes and it shal be xii tymes xl minuts and euery partie shal be a temporall houre that shal be of .xl. minutes and no mo thus
here beginneth the kalender of shepardes newly augmented and corrected ¶ here begynneth the prologue thys boke gentle reader was fyrst corruptly printed in fraunce and after that at the cost and charges of rycharde pynson newly translated and reprinted although not so faythfully as the origynal copy requyred wherfore it is once ageyne ouerseene and perused that the same may be at length correspondent to the actours mind and very profitable for the reader bycause this boke doth teche mani thinges that we be bounde to learne and knowe one peyne of euerlastinge death as the lawes of god sheweth how we maye knowe to kepe his commaundementes and to knowe the remedyes to withstande deadely sinne there be many men and women thynketh them selfe wyse and knoweth and learneth many thinges but that they be bounde to lerne and knowe that they knowe not ¶ as fyrst the x. commaundementes of god and the v. commaundementes of the churche that euery creature that purpose to be saued shuld lerne and knowe and haue them as perfytely as their pater noster you people howe wyl you confesse you and if ye breke any of the x. commaundementes and you know not them ¶ truely there is but fewe that knoweth them ther fore ye that do not know them to your deligence to learne them for ye be bounde to lerne them aswell as to lerne your pater noster ¶ for howe can you keepe our lordes commaundementes and ye knowe them not and ye be bounde to breke not one of them on peyne of dampnation for and if thou breake one thou brekest all offende the lawe in one point and offende in all for and thou breke one thou doest not gods byddyng for he byddeth thee breke none and all that ye do in this world here but if it be of god or in god or for god all is in vayne you shoulde not occupy your selfe in vayne matters but in redinge of good bokes for vanitie engendreth vayne thoughtes and destroyeth deuoâ—ion to man what nede it you to studie on a thinge that is nought studye on your sinne and what grace by god in you is wrought ¶ also in this boke is many mo matters loke in the table here folowinge ¶ the table of the kalender of shepardes ¶ this is the table of this present booke of the shepardes kalender drawen out of frenche into englyshe with many mo goodly eddicions than be chaptered newly put therto first the prologue of the auctour that sayth how euery man may lyue lxxiiii ere 's at the least and they that dye before that terme it is by euyll gouernaunce and by vyolence or outrage of them selfe in theyr youth cap. primo the seconde prologue of the great maister sheparde that proueth in true by good argument al that the fyrst sheparde sayth cap. ii ¶ also a kalender with the fygures of euery sainte that is halowed in thee yere in the whiche is the fygures the houres the momentes and the newe mones cap. iii. ¶ the table of the mouable feastes with the compounde manuel cap. iiii ¶ the table for to knowe and vnderstand euery day in what sygne the mone is in cap. v. ¶ also in the fygure of the eclyps of the sonne and of the moone the dayes houres and momentes cap. vi ¶ the trees and braunches of vertues and of vyces cap. vii ¶ the peyues of hell and howe that they be ordeyned for euery deadly sinne whiche is shewed by fygures cap. viii ¶ the garden and fyelde of all vertues that sheweth a man howe he shulde knowe whether he be in the state of the grace of god or not cap. ix ¶ a noble declaration of thâ— vii princypall peticions of the pater noster and also the aue maria of tht three salutacions which the fyrst made the aungell gabriell the seconde made saynct elisabeth and the thyrde maketh our mother holy churche cap. x. ¶ also the credo in englyshe of the xii articles of our fayth cap. xi ¶ also the x commaundementes in englyshe and the v. commaundementes of the churche catholyke cap xii ¶ also a fygure of a man in a shyppe that sheweth the vnstablenesse of this transytory worlde cap xiii ¶ also to teache a man to knowe the fyelde of vertues cap xiiii ¶ also a shepardes balade that sheweth his frailtie cap xv ¶ also a balade of a woman sheparde that profyteth greatly cap. xvi ¶ also a balade of death that byddeth a man beware betyme cap xvii ¶ also thee x. commaundementes of the deuyll and rewarde that they shall haue that kepeth them cap xviii ¶ another balade that sainct iohn sheweth in the apocalips of the blacke hors that death rydeth vpon cap. xix ¶ a ballat howe princes and states shulde gouerne them cap. xx ¶ the trees and braunches of vertues and vices with the vii vertues agayne the vii deadly sinnes cap. xxi ¶ also a fygure that sheweth how the xii sygnes raygneth in mans body and which be good and which be bad cap. xâ—ii ¶ a pycture of the phesnomy of maÌ„s body and sheweth in what partes the vii planettes hath domination in man. cap. xxiii ¶ and after the numbre of the bones in mans body foloweth a picture that sheweth of all the veynes in the body how to be let blud in them ca. xxiiii ¶ to know whether that a man be lykely to be sicke or no and to heale them that be sycke cap. xxv ¶ and also here sheweth of the replexion of euyll humoures and also for to clense them cap. xxvi ¶ also howe men shulde gouerne theÌ„ the iiii quarters in the yere ca xxvii ¶ also how men shuld do when physycke doth fayle them for health of body and soule made in balade ryall cap. xxviii ¶ also to shew men what is good for the brayne the eyeÌ„ the throte the brest the harte and stomake properly declared cap. xxix ¶ also the contrary to shewe what is euyll for the brayne the eyen the throte the brest the harte and the stomacke folowinge by and by cap. xxx ¶ also of the foure elementes the similitude of the earth how euery planet is one aboue another which be masculine feminine cap. xxxi ¶ a crafty fygure of the worlde with the xii signes goynge about and also of the mouynges of the heauens with the planetes cap. xxxii ¶ also of the equinoctial the zodiake which is in the ix heauen which coÌ„teyneth the firmament al vnder it with a picture of a spyre cap. xxxiii ¶ of solticion of sommer and solsticion of wynter wyth a fygure of thee zodyake cap. xxxiiii ¶ of the rysynge discendynge of the sygnes in the horyzon cap xxxv ¶ and also of the deuysion of the earthe and the regions with a picture of the mobile cap. xxâ—â—i ¶ of the variacion that is in many habytacions and regions of the earthâ— capitulo cap. xxxvii ¶ also of thee xii sterres fyxed that sheweth what shall happen vnto theÌ„
that be borne vnder them cap. xxxviii ¶ also a fygure of the xii houres as much in earthe is in heauen cap. xxxix ¶ also pictures of the vii planets to knowe what houre that they do raygne the day and night that telleth which be bad and which be good shewe the how the cildren shal be disposed that shal be borne vnder them cap. xl ¶ also pictures of the iiii complexions to shewe and knowe the condicion of eche complexion and to knowe by a mans coloure what he is of any of all iiii and how he is dyspoed of nature cap. xli ¶ also here foloweth the iudgementes of the mans face body as aristotel wrote to kyng alysaundre the condicions of man and the properties in the vysages of man but by the grace of god good condycions grace prayers fastynges and blessynges these v. withstande vnkyndely condicion cap xliii ¶ also a pycture of the pomyawe that sheweth a man to knowe euery houre of the nyght what is a clocke before mydnyght and after cap. xliii ¶ also then foloweth pyctures of the impressions of the aere of the fleynge dragon and the leapynge kyddes the waye to sayncte iames and the seuen sterres of the burninge pyller and of the fyrye spere and of the flaming busshes or trees that other whyle fayleth and the fleynge sterre the blasynge sterres and of fyue tayled sterres and of the bearded sterre with the epatyfe of athodner stone cap. xliiii ¶ also how the moone chaungeth xii tymes in the yeare so lykewyse mans condicions chaungeth .xii. tymes iu the yere cap. xlv ¶ of the commodities of the xii monthes in the yeare with the xii ages of man. cap. xlvi ¶ of an assaute agaynst a snayle cap. xlvii ¶ also foloweth the medytacion of the passyon of our lorde iesu christe that shepardes and symple people ought to haue in hearing of theyr deuine seruyce cap. xlviii ¶ the sayinge of the deade man. cap. xlix ¶ also certeyne orysons and prayes and fyrst a deuysion theologycall on a question to knowe yf prayes orysons and suffrages done for thee soules in purgatory byn meritorious and auaylable for theyr health delyueraunce capitulo .l. ¶ how euery man and woman ought to cease of theyr sinnes at the sownynge of a dredable horne cap. li. ¶ to know the fortunes and destenies of a man borne vnder the .xii. sygnes after ptolomens prince of astronomy cap. lii ¶ also foloweth the xii monethes with the pictures of the xii sygnes that sheweth the fortune of men women that be borne vndet them so that they knowe in what moneth and day they were borne cap. liii ¶ also here telleth of the â— christen nations that is to saye to shewe the certeyne pointes that much hethen people do beleue of our faythe but not in all and therfore we beginne fyrst with our fayth cap. liiii ¶ also foloweth a fewe prouerbes cap. lv ¶ the auctours balade cap. lvi ¶ also a good drynke for the pestilence which is not chapterede cap. lvii ¶ thus endeth the table of his present boke ¶ addycions ¶ the arte scyencye and practycke of the great kalender of shepardes by example ryght fertyle and profytable vnto all maner of people and easy to be vnderstande by mans wytte with diuers addicions newly adiusted there to as hereafter foloweth ¶ a great question asked betwene the shepardes touchynge the sterres and an aunswere made to the same the shepardes in a mornynge afore thee daye beynge in the fyeldes behelde the fyrmament that was fyxed full of sterres one among the other sayde to his felowe i demaunde of thee howe many sterres be on the twelue parties of the zodyake that is vnder one sygne onely the other shepharde answered and sayde let be founde a piece of lande in a playne countrey as vpon the playne of salysbury that the sayde piece of lande be xl myle longe and xxiiii myle brode after that let take great long nayles with great brode heades as the nayles byn that be made for carte wheles as many as shal sufâ—fyse for the sayde piece of lande and let the sayde nayles be strycken vnto the heades in the sayde piece at lande foure fyngers brode one from the other tyll that the piece of lande be couered ouer from one syde to the other i saye that there be as many sterres conteyned onder one sygne onely as there shulde bâ— nayles stycke in the forsayde piece of lande and there is as many vnder echâ— of the other to the equypolent by the other places of the firmament ¶ thâ— fyrst sheparde demaunded how wilt thou profe it ¶ the seconde aunsweâ—red and sayd that no man is bounden ne holden to proue thinges vnpossibleâ— that it ought to suffice for shepardes and touchinge this matter to beleuâ— simply without to enquire ouer much of that their predicessours shepardes haue sayde afore ¶ thus endeth the astrolâ—â—gy of shepardes with thâ— knowlege that they haue oâ— the sterres planettes and mouynges of the skies ¶ and here after foloweth the sayinge of the shepaâ—â—de to the plowman ¶ howe plowman shulde do pers go thou to plowe and take with the thy wyfe delue and drawe sowe barly whete and rye of one make x. this is perfyte lyfe as sayth aristotle in his philosophy thou nede not study to knowe astrology for yf the whether be not to thy pleasaunce thanke euer god of his deuine ordinaunce ¶ thus endeth the ploweman ¶ the auctoure ¶ in the ende of this boke who so lyst for to loke therein shall he se a ballade that sayth this he that many bokes redes cunninge shall he be wysedome is sone cought in many leues it is sought and some doth it finde but slouth that no boke bought for reason takes no tought his thryfte coms behynde and many one doth say that clerkes ne tell may what shall befall they that this do report be of the pyuyshe sorte that lyttle good can at all they knowe that drinke doth slake the thurst and when theyr eyes is full of dust yet may they syt and sheale peason for and clerkes shewe them bokes of cunnynge they byd them lay them vp a sonnynge unto other season and yf we speake of astronomy they wyll say it is a great lye for they can no other reason but all that knoweth good and better as gentlemen that loueth swete and swetter wysedome with them is not geason ¶ the prologue of the auctoure that put this boke in wrytinge as here before tyme there was a sheparde kepynge shepe in the fieldes whiche was no clerke ne hadde no vnderstandynge of the letterall sence nor of no maner of scripture nor wrytinge but of his naturall witte and vnderstandinge sayde howe be it that lyuynge and dyinge be all at the pleasure of almyghty god yet man may lyue by the course of nature lxxii yeares or more this was his reason and he sayth as muche tyme as a man hath to growe in beautie length bredthe
and strength so muche tyme hath he to waxe olde and feble to his ende but the terme to growe in beaute heyght and strength is xxxvi yeare and the terme to waxe olde feble and weke and turne to the erthward whiche is in all to gether lxxii yere that he oughte to lyue by course of nature and they that dye before this tyme often it is by vyolence and outrage done to theyr complection nature but they that lyue aboue this terme is by good regyment ensygnements after the which a man hath gouerned him selfe to his purpose of lyuing and dyeng the sayd shepard sayth that the thinge that we desyre moste in this worlde is to lyue longe and the thinge that we most feare is to dye soone thus he trauayled his vnderstandinge and made great diligeÌ„ce to knowe and to do thynges possyble and requisyce for to lyue longe hole and ioyously which this present composte kalender of shepardes shewynge and techynge ¶ wherfore we wyll shewe you of the bodyes celestial and of theyr nature and mouynges and this present boke is named the compost for it comprehendeth sully all the compost more for the dayes houres and momentes and the newe moones and the eclyps of the sonne the moone and the sygnes that the moone is in euery day and this boke was made for them that be no clerkes to bringe them to great vnderstandinge he sayde also that the desyre to lyue longe was in his soule the which alway lasteth wherfore he wolde that his desyre wer accomplyshed after his death as a fore he sayde syth the soule dyeth not in her is the desyre to lyue long it shulde be an infallible peine not to lyue after death as afore for he that lyueth not after his corporall death shal not haue that that he hath desyred that is to wytte to lyue longe and shulde abyde in eternal peine yf his desyre were not accomplyshed so concluded the sayde sheparde necessarye thynges for hym and other to know and do that whiche apperteyned to lyue after death as afore and truth it is that he the whych lyueth but the lyfe of this worlde onely though he lyued an hundred yeare he lyued not properly longe but he â—huld lyue longe that the ende of this present lyfe shulde beginne the lyfe eternal that is to saye the lyfe euerlastinge in heauen so a man ought te perâ—ourme his lyfe in this worlde corporally that they may lyue spiritually with out ende for as he sayde one shall lyue euerlastinge without dyenge and when he hath the perdurable lyfe and shal be perfyte ¶ and also by this pointe and none otherwyse shal be accomplished the desyre of longe lyuynge â—n this worlde the forsayde sheparde also knowledged that the lyfe of â—his worlde was sone past and gone wherfore this sheparde thought that xxii yeares here in this vale of wretched mysery is but a lytle a smal terme 〈◊〉 lyfe to the euerlastinge the whiche neuer shal haue endynge and thereâ—ore he sayth he that offreth him self here to lyue vertuously in this worlde after this lyfe he shall receaue the swete lyfe that is sure lasteth euer without ende for though a man lyned here a c. yeares and more it is but a lyttle terme to the lyfe to come therfore sayth this sheparde i wyl lyue soberly with these small temporall goodes that iesu hath lent me euer to exyle the desyre of worledly ryches and worldley worshyppe for they that laboureth for it and haue loue to theyr goodes vayne worshyppes oft it departeth maÌ„ fro the heauenly treasure it shâ—tteth mans hart that god may not entre and byldeth man a place of no reste in the lowe lande of darkenesse ¶ here after foloweth an other prologue of the maister shepharde that sheweth proueth the auctours prologue true that is before rehearsed so the shepardes dispute one with another but this that foloweth the master sheparde sayth to the other of the deuysion of this kalender capitulo ii ¶ here begynneth the master sheparde it is to be vnderstande that there be in the yere four quarters that is called uere hyems estas and autumnus thefe be the iiii seasons in the yere as prymetyme is the springe of the yeare as feuâ—ryere marche and april these thre monethes ¶ then commeth sommer as may iune and iuly and those thre monethes euery herbe grayne and tree is in his kinde and in his most strength fayrnesse euen at the hyghest ¶ theu commeth automne as august septembre and october that all these fruytes waxeth rype and be gathered and howsed ¶ then commeth nouembre december and ianyuere and these thre monethes be in this wynter the tyme of lytle profyte we shephardes saye that the age of a man is .lxxii. yereâ— and that we lyken but to one hole yere for euer more we take vi yeare for euery moneth as ianyuere or feuerycre and so forth for as the yere chauÌ„geth by the xii monethes into xii sundry maners so doth a man channge hym selfe twelue tymes in hys lyfe by twelue ages euery age lasteth vi yeare yf so be that he lyue to lxxii for three tymes syxe maketh eightene and syxe tymes syxe maketh xxxvi and then is man at the best and also at the hyghest and twelue tymes syxe maketh .lxxii. and that is the age of a man. ¶ thus must ye reken for euery monethe syxe yeare or els it maye be vnderstande by the foure quarters and seasons of the yere so is deuyded man in to foure parties as to youth strength wysedome and age he to be xviii yere yonge xviii yeare stronge xviii yeare in wysedome and the fourth xviii yeare to go to the full of the age of lxxii ¶ and nowe to shewe howe man chaungeth .xii. tymes euen as the xii monethes do take the fyrst vi yere for ianyuere the whiche is of no vertue nor strength in that sâ—ason nothinge on the earth groweth so man after he is borne tyl he be syxe yere of age is without witte strength or cunnyng may do nothyng that profyteth ¶ then commeth feueryere then the dayes begenneth to waxe in length and the sonne more hotter then the fyeldes beginneth to waxe greene so the other syxe yeres tyl he come to twelue the childe beginneth to growe bigger and serue and lerne such as is taught him ¶ then coÌ„meth marche in the which the labourer soweth the earth planteth trees edifyeth houses the child in these vi yeres waxeth bigge to lern doctriue and scyence to be fayre and honest for then he is .xviii. yeres of age ¶ after that commeth april that the earth and the threes is couered in grene and flowers and in euery partye goodes encreaseth habundauntly then commeth the chylde to gather the swete flowers of hardynes but then beware that the colde wyndes and stormes of vyces beate not downe the flowers of good maners that he should bringe man to honour for then
he is xxiiii yeres olde ¶ then commeth maye that is bothe fayre and pleasaunte for then byrdes syngeth in woodes end forestes nyghte and daye the sonne shyneth hotte and as then is man moste ioyfull and pleasant and of delyuer strengthe and seketh playes sportes and lusty pastyme for then is he full xxx yere ¶ then commeth iune and then is the sonne hyest in his meridiornall he may ascende no hyer in his stacion his glemeringe golden beames ripeth the corne and when man is xxxvi yere he may ascend no more for then hath nature gyuen hym beauty and strengthe at the full and rypeth the sedes of parfyte vnderstandynge ¶ then commeth iuly that our fruytes byn set a sonninge and our corne a hardenynge but then the sonne begynnethe a lyttle for to dyscende downewardeâ— so man then goth fro youth towarde age beginneth for to aquaynt him with sadnes for then he is xlii yere ¶ after that then commeth august then we gather in our corne and also the fruytes of the earth and then doth man his diligence to gather for to fynde hym selfe withall in the tyme that he may nother gette nor wyn and theÌ„ after that vi yeares is he .xlviii. yere olde ¶ then commeth septembre that wynes be made and the fruites of trees be gathered and then therewithall he doth freshly begynne to garnyshe his house and make prouysion of nedefull thinges for to lyue in wynter whiche draweth very nere and then is man in his most ioyfull and couragious estate prosperous in wysedome purposynge to gather and kepe as muche as shulde be sufficient for him in his olde age when he maye gather no more and these vi yeares maketh him liiii yeares ¶ and then commeth octobre that all is into the forsayde house gathered but corne and also other maner fruytes and also the labourers soweth newe sedes in the earth for the yere to come and then he that soweth nought shal nought gather and then in there other vi yeres a man shal take him selfe vnto god for to do penaunce and good workes and then the benefytes the yere after his death he may gather and haue spiritual profyte and then is man ful in the terme of lx yeres ¶ then commeth nouembre that the dayes be very shorte and the sonne in maner geueth lyttle heate and the trees leseth theyr leues the fieldes that were grene loke hore and gray then al maner of herbes be hid in the ground and then appereth no floures and then winter is come that the man hath vnâ—derstandinge of age and hath lost his kyndely heate and strength his teeche begynne to rotte and also to chattre and then hath ho no more hope of longe lyfe but desyreth to come to the lyfe euerlasting and these .vi. for this mouth maketh him .lxvi. yeres ¶ then commeth decembre ful of colde with frost and snowe with greate wyndes and stormy wethere that a man may not laboure nor nought do the sonne is theÌ„ at the lowest that it may desceÌ„de theÌ„ the trees the earth is hiâ— in snowe theÌ„ it is good to holde them ny the fyreâ— to spende the goodes that they gathered in sommer for then beginneth maÌ„s heare to waxe whyte and gray and his body croked feble then he leseth his perfyte vnderstanding and that vi yeares maketh hym full lxxii yeres and if he lyue any more it is by his good gydynge and dyetynge in his youth howe be if it is possyble that a man may lyue tyl he be an hundred yere of age but there is but fewe that commeth thereto ¶ wherfore i sheparde sayde moreouer that of lyuynge or dyinge the heauenly bodyes may sâ—ere a man bothe to good and euyll without doute of assuceâ—ie but yet may man withstande it by his one freewyll to do what he will him selfe good or bad euermore aboue the which inclinacyon is the myghte and wyll of god that longeth the lyfe of man by his goodnesse or to take it shorte by his iustice ¶ wherfore we wyll shewe you of the bodyes celestyall and of theyr nature and mouynges and this present booke is named the composte for it comprehendeth fully all the compost and more for the dayes houres and momentes and the newe moones and the clippes of the sunne and the moone and of the sygnes that the moone is in euery day and this booke was made for them that be no clerkes to bring them to great vnderstandinge ¶ and this kaleâ—der is deuyded in v. partes ¶ the fyrst of our sygnes of the compost and the kalender ¶ the seconde is the tree of vyces with the peynes of hell ¶ the thyrde is the waye of health of man the tree of vertues ¶ the fourth is physycke and gouernaunce of health ¶ the fyfte is astrologye and physnomy for to vnderstande many disceauynges and which they be by lykelyhod the whyche by nature are inclyned and can do them as ye shall rede or ye come to the ende ¶ for to haue the shepardes vnderstandinge of theyr kalender ye shoulde vnderstande that the yere is the measure of the time that the sonne passeth the xii sygnes retournynge to hys fyrste poynte and is deuyded in the xii monethes ¶ as ianyuere feueryere marche and so forth to december ¶ so the sonne in these xii monethes passeth by xii sygnes one tyme. ¶ the dayes of hys entrynge into the sygnes in the kalender and the dayes also when he parteth the yere as the xii monethes into lii wekes ccc.lxv dayes and when by sext is it is three score and vi one day and xxiiii houres euery houre lx mynnets after these deuysyons ye muste vnderstand for euery yere thre thinges ¶ the fyrst speaketh of golden nombre ¶ the seconde of the letter domynicall and the chyrde is the letter tabuler in the whiche lyeth all the chiefe knoweledge of this kalender for the which letter and nomber to vnderstand al that they wolde whether it be past or to come ye shall put three fygures after the kalender of the whiche the fyrste shall shewe the valure and declaracyon of the two other and it is to be vnderstand that in foure yeares there is one by â—exte the whych hath one daye more then other and also hathe two letters dominicals sygned in one of the forsayde fygures and chaungeth the late day of saynt mathewe the which is vygyl and is put with the day vpoÌ„ on letter by hym selfe ¶ also the letters feryals of thys kalender is to be vnderstande as they 〈◊〉 the other kalenders before the which are the nombres and the other three oâ—â—ter the letters ferials fyrst for bycause the letters dyscendeth lowe is thâ— golden nombre aboue the daye of the newe moone and the which to be thâ— houre momentes of the sayde moneth whiche when they are in seruice bâ—â—fore noone of the day aboue there and when they are blacke seruyce for afteâ—â—noone of the same daye in the places of the nombre betokenethe that nombâ—â—
for feare to haue scarcety of good the .xii. branch of conetise spending abundantly thinges iustly gotten geuing vniustly not caring to whom lesing disordinately the goods that they haue abusing and folishly vsing that they know well thinges vniustly gotten in reteyning them against conscience doing almes with rapine and vsery spending them in carnalities thinges not being his in oppropryeng them to his singuler vsage or appropryeng them to the vsage of other spending them superfluously on other persons the xiii branch of couetyse fraude in forecastings by promises that they may receaue by threatnings in likewise or by sweete wordes being double shewing faire semblant for the good of other or by such semblant diffame other or by faire semblant hurte other procuring euill to him that weneth thou art his frende to him that thou knowest to be thine enemy or indifferently to his frende or enemy the .xliii. branch of couetyse false compunetion euill reconing of that that they owe to other iustly of that which is ought by any wayes or that which is ought to other then him when they do knowe it and yelde it not for drede to yelde it or to be noted for shame that they haue to do it for auarice and loue of reteyning consenting to yll and do it not holding his peace of that he knoweth doing helpe to him that misreconeth willing to hinder him that is misreconed the .xv. branch of couetyse leâ—nge for merinesse for couetyse to please for pleasance that they haue of lesing lightly to swere for that they know not to make other to win hyding that that hurteth none ne helpeth other sometime that it be for temporall goodes sometime to proue any person fraudulently that profiteth sometime and sometime noyeth that profiteth to none and noyeth to some in the doctrine and promise of religion the .xvi. branch of couetyse swearing the members of god. in contemning god and his sayntes for to shew that he is fierce or that they take pleasure to do iniury to god often times by euill custome to sweare often for pleasure that they haue to sweare for contemnement of him that they sweare incautely not taking heede what they sweare doing yll to verefy that they do sweare for not considering that othes should be kept the .xvii. branch of couetyse forswearing by wordes dolorously to deceaue and begyle unwisely of that they know not willingly of that they know not by faith interposed in receiuing any of the sacraments of the church in the selfe thinges that be lawfull or in things that be not lawfull by touching of thinges made swearing vntruly in will to deceaue other or swearing truth wening to sweare false or that sweareth false wening that it be truth the .xviii. branch of couetyse false witnes that thing which they know not bearing witnes of the thing that they know not witnessing the thing wherin they be ignorant dissembling to be ignorant of that they know the thinge that they do knowe for prayse that they haue or ought to haue for loue of him for whom they be witnes for malice that they will not say the truth the thinge that thei wene to know for false opinion that they haue of the thing say that the thing is true and knowe it not nor requiring for the truth and may well the .xix. branch of couetyse playes which be defended as playes made by enchauntment dishonesties in prouoking to dishonesty or the which may greatly noy that be perillous for pleasaunce of him selfe or to please other by accustomance to make such playes or in hope to haue winning to do such playes wyth persons not apperteyning a lay man to play with a religious or a lay man with a priest of clerke or with any man of penaunce the .xx. branch of couetyse being vagabunde for to seeke wayes for to be ydle fayning them selues and be not doing such fantasy without necessitie or in so doing for to deceaue other to be ydle amonge such as trauayle and laboure or among them fayning to be sicke are hole or shewing themselues more sicke then they be to optemper their yl will. in susteyning things sharpe to susteyne deceauing by fayned wordes or by enuy wening to liue without ani thing that is nedeful ¶ here endeth the braunches and small sprayes of the synne of couetise and here foloweth the .v braunches of gluttony eche of them to folowe other in order as to seeke delycate meates gredinesse delycious dressinge eatinge without houre to make excesse out of the which .v. braunches springeth and groweth small sprayes to the number .xlv. the which bringeth euery man and woman that planteth them in the arber of their bodyes vnto delectacion vnto the kitchin of infernall gulfre there to be fed and made faciate with the deuill the chiefe cooke of the kitchin of hell the first branch of gluttony seking delicate meats for the good fauoure against the profite of the soule against the health of the body against the health of both together for the great noueltie for noueltie that it is delicious eating fruites bicause they were good and ripe by composicions of the condicions required in diuers appareling by customance so well to dresse it by lightnes to be ouer abundant without nede by affection and pleasure that they take the .ii. branch of gluttony gredinesse in appetiting meates more precious then longeth for them meane meates and be not content with them lesse meats then the state wher they be required to much delyting in being curious to fyll his belly not seruing god for filling of his wombe eating to often without keping any houre to much fylling them as much as they may deâ—oure meates when he may fyll him and not being content not parting to the pore such meate as they haue the .iii. branch of gluttony delicious dressing by diuers maners for to satisfy all his desyres not refusing to his belly any thing it desireth not refusing any euyll appetite or exquisiuely by arte otherwise then other maketh by study how well that it be difficile to do by labor paine that they take to dresse them condignely nedefull by diuers maners of matters delicious for the swete and fragrant sauours sumptuous not caring for any cost the .iiii. branch of gluttony eating without houre out of time before a lawfull houre and without necessitie or after when the lawfull houre is past or what houre that it be against commandemeÌ„t many times what thing that thou appetitest to eate manifestly that other may know it or secretly when thou onely wilt unlawfully as on fasting dayes to eate flesh in place as eating in the church as meate as eating forbodden thinges the .v. branch of gluttony to make excesse in quantity of meates eating more then is nedefull eating so much that it greueth to soule and body doing domage vnder colour of sicknes in ouer dere meates not caring what they cost if they be delectable ouer delicious aud therfore more dearer dispraysing meates of light price using other
of his natiuitie of his death and passion of his resurrection of his ascension and of his aduaunsing to the iudgemente that often tymes ought to be at our harte by holy medytacions and as to the last what thing a shepherd is i say that it is the knowledge of my vocation as eche hath his as afore is sayd and also to knowe the transgressions of all these foresayde thynges howe manye tymes in eche we haue transgressed for many tymes we haue offended god and who that taketh hede shall â—inde omissions and offences without number the which knowen we ought to doubt and eschew and do penance and thus it is as i know man is christen and shepherde the ballade of a wyse man capitulo .xv. i knowe that god hath tourned me and made me to his owne lykenesse i knowe that he hath geuen to me truly soule and body witte and knowledge ywysse i knowe that by ryghtwise true balaunce after my deedes iudged shall i be i knowe much but i wote not the variaunce to vnderstande wherof commeth my folly i knowe full well that i shall dye and yet my life amende not i i knowe in what pouertie borne a childe this earth aboue i knowe that god hath lente to me abundance of goodes to my behoue i knowe that riches can me not saue and with me i shall beare none away i knowe the more good that i haâ—â— the lother i shal be to dye i knowe all this faithfully and yet my lyfe amende not i i knowe that i haue passed great parte of my dayes with ioy and pleasanâ—e i knowe that i haue gathered sinnes and also do little penance i knowe that by ignorance to excuse me there is no arte i knowe that one shal be when my soule shall departe that i shall wishe that i had mended me i knowe there is no remedy and therfore my lyâ—e amende will i. here foloweth the ballade of the woman shepherde the which ballade is very necessary and profitable to loke vpon capitulo .xvi. in considering my pore humanitie aboue the earth borne with great weping i consider my fragilitie my harâ—e is ouer prest with sinning i consyder death will come verely to take my lyfe but the houre wot not i i consyder the deuill doth watch me the worlde and the fleshe on me watreth straitly i consider that mine enemies they be three that would deliuer me from death to death i consider the many tribulations of this worlde whereof the life is not cleane i consyder an hundred thousand passions that we pore creatures daily fall in i consyder the longer i lyue the worse i am wherfore my conscience cryeth out on me i consyder for synne some be damned as the boke saith which shall euer be deliuered from death to death i consyder that wormes shall eate me my sorowfull body this is credible i consyder that sinners shall be at the iudgement of god most dreadable o iesu christ aboue all thinge most delectable haue mercy on me at the dreadfull day that shal be so maruelous and doughtable which my poore soule greatly doth fray in you that i put my trust and fayth to saue me that i go not from death to death the songe of death to all christen people cap. xvii though my picture be not to your pleasaunce and if ye thinke that it be dreadeable i iiii iv i x xv take in worth for surely in substance the sight of it may to you be profitable there is no way also more doughtable therfore learne knowe your selfe and see loke how i am and thus shall you be and take hede of thy selfe in aduenture rede i for adams apple we must all dye alas worldly people beholde my manere sometime i liued with beautious visage mine eyen be gone i haue two holes here i am meate for wormes in this passage take hede of welth while ye haue the vsage for as i am thou shalt come to dust holed as a thimble what shall thee aduance nought but good deedes thou mayst me trust all with my likenesse ye must all daunce the time that i was in this world liuing i was honoured with lowe and hye but i kepte not my conscience cleane from sinning therfore nowe i do it deare abye lo what auayleth couetise pride and enuy they be the brandes that doth brenne in hell trust not to your frendes when ye be deade rede i nor your executours for fewe doth well but do for thy selfe or euer thou dye and remember whyle thou art liuing that god blessed all thinge without nay excepte synne as recordeth writing the deuill can not clayme thee but by synne i say amende therfore betyme and go the right way i would that i might haue but one houre or two to do penance in or halfe a day but while i lyued i did none do but nowe my dettes i do truly paye thou man i do geue better counsell to thee if that thou wilt do after it then euer any that was shewed te me thou art halfe warned thinke on thy pit and chose of two wayes which thou wilt flit to ioy or payne one of the two in welth or wo for euer to syt nowe at thine owne choyse thou mayst go for god hath geuen thee free will now chose thee whether thou wilt do good or yll here after foloweth the .x. commandements of the deuill i x xv who so will do my commaundements and kepe them well and sure shall haue in hell great torments that euermore shall endure thou shalt not feare god nor thinke of his goodnes to dampne thy soule blaspheme god and his saintes euermore thine owne will be fast doing deceaue men and women and euer be swearing be dronken hardely vpon the holy day and cause other to sinne if thou may father nor mother loke thou loue nor drede nor helpe them neuer though they haue nede hate thy neighbour and hurt him by enuy murder and shed mans blood hardely forgeue no man but be all vengeable be lecherous in dede and in touching delectable breake thy wedlocke and spare not and to deceaue other by falsehode care not the goodes of other thou shalt holde falâ—ly and yelde it no more though they speake curtesly company often with women and tempte them to sinne desire thy neighbours wife and his goodes to be thine do thus hardely and care not therfore and thou shalt dwell with me in hell euermore thou shalt lye in frost and fyre with sicknes and hunger and in a thousand peeces thou shalt be torne a sunder yet thou shalt dye euer and neuer be deade thy meate shal be todes and thy drinke boyling leade take no thought for the blud that god for thee shed and to my kingdome thou shalt be straight led here foloweth the rewarde of them that kepeth these commaundements aforesayde in hell is great mourning great trouble of crying or thunder and noyses roaring with great plenty of wilde fier beating with great strokes like gunnes with
great frost and water running and after that a bitter winde comes which goeth through the soules with yre there is both thirst and hunger fiendes with hookes pulleth their flesh they fight and curse and eche other redemes with the sight of the deuils dreadable there is shame and confusion rumour of conscience for euill liuing they curse them selues with great crying in stinke and smoke euermore lying with other great paynes innumerable man loke that thou beware i do smite all at vnware it is written in the apocalips that saint iohn sawe an horse of a pale coloure on the which horse satte death and a hell folowinge the horse the horse sygnifieth the sinner that hath a pale coloure for the infirmitie of synne and beareth deathe for synne is death to the soule and hell foloweth for to englut and swalowe him if he die impenitent capitulo .xix. aboue this horse blacke and hideous death i am that fircely doth sitte there is no fairenes but sight tedious all gay colours i do hitte my horse runneth by dales and hilles and many he smyteth deade and killes i x xv in my trap i take some by euery way by townes and castels i take my rent i will not respite one an houre of a day before me they must needes be present i â—lea all with my mortall knife and of duety i take the life hell knoweth well my killing i sleepe neuer but wake and warke it foloweth me euer running with my darte i slea weake and starke a great number it hath of me paradyse hath not the fourth parte scant the tenth part wronge hath he i cause many to sigh at the harte beware for i geue no warning come at once when i do knocke or cal for if thy boke be not sure of reconing thou shalt to hell body soule and all hereafter foloweth how euery estate should order them in their degree capitulo .xx. of a kinge the imperiall might of a kings maiestâ—â— on foure pillers grounded is gouernaâ—â—â—â— first do right iustice and equitie to poore and rich both in a balaunce then his regall might shall further and aduauâ—â—â— he to be liberall with force and humanitie and after victory haue mercy and pitie of a byshop o ye halfe gods flouring in prudence ye bishops with your deuoute pastoralitie teach the people with delicate eloquence anoynt your flocke with christes diuinitie fede the pore people with hospitalitie be meke and chast in this militant church do first your selfe well in example of your wyrch of knightes o ye knightes refulgent in fortitude with labour and trauell to get loâ—e nobly fight for the pore commons that be poore and rude and if nede be for the church thou die loue truth hate wronge and vilany apeace the people by thy magnificence and vnto women be shelde of defence of iudges o ye iudges gouerning the lawe let not your handes be anoynted with mede saue all true men rebels hang and drawe to auoyde fauour let righteousnes procede for a good name is better then riches in dede some say that lawes truth is layde adowne and therfore loue and charitie is out of towne of marchants o ye marchants that neuer say ho of lucrous winning ye haue great pleasure let conscience guide you where euer ye go unto all men geue you weight and measure disceaue no man of falshod take no cure swere none othes people to begile all sleyght and vsury from you exile of masters o ye masters and housholders all that haue seruaunts vnder your cure put them to labour whatsoeuer befal and let the yonge folke of awe be in vre after their age entreate eche creature seruants wages pay ye well and euen if ye do not it cryeth vengance to heauen of all women o ye women of eche maner degree to your husbandes be neuer disobedient desire not aboue them the soueraignetie for then ye do as lucifer did incontinent that would be aboue the hie god omnipotent shamefastnes dreade clennesse and chastitie of very right all these in womanhed should be the generalitie go home ye persons and couch not in court go teach christes seruants kepe thy owne labour thou nigarde sowe out thy horde in housholde and be none extorcioner monke pray preach frier marchant go nere ferre dreade god kepe his law and honour your king and your rewarde shall ye haue at your ending thus endeth the estate and order of euery degree of the tree of vyces and after foloweth the tree of meekenes mother and roote of all vertues capitulo .xii. hereafter foloweth the tree of vices and then after that is the tree of vertue set that after euery sinne beholding they may looke on it as a mirror and take of the fruite of spirituall refection and flie the deade tree of vices for after the tree of vertues foloweth the signification of euery vertue named in the sayde tree of vertues and first is humilitie or mekenes mother of all vertues rote of the tree the whych when it is stedfaste the tree standeth vprighte and if it fayle the tree falleth with all his branches humilitie is a voluntary inclination of the thought and courage comming of the knowledge of god and it hath vii principall branches that constitueth the tree of vertues and they be these charitie faith hope prudence attemperance iustice and force and out of euery of them cometh diuers other vertues as the tree sheweth and is declared afterward compendiously the tree of vyces dryde roote of all synnes enuy. detraction ioy of aduersitie sorow of prosperitie homicide wickednes susurracion ill machination couetise thefte disceauing forswearing usury rapine treason simony the large way ire woodnesse indignation clamoure blaspheming great courage nvyse hate uaine glory singularitie discorde inobedience presumption bosting obstination hypocrisy the fruite of the flesh glotony foolish reioysing immundicitie to much speaking eating by leasure obtuse witte lickernesse dronkennesse slouth idlenesse uagation pusillanimitie erre in the faith tristesse omission dispaire lechery unstablenesse loue the world blind thought loue of himself precination hatred of god unconsideratioÌ„ wantonnesse incontinence the tree of vertues mekenesse rote of all vertues force felicitâ—e confidence tollerance rest stablenesse perseuerance magnificence iustyce lawe streightnesse equitie correction obseruance iudgement ueritie the narowe waye teÌ„perance discretion moderalitie taciturnitie fasting sobernesse affliction dispraysing prudeÌ„ce drede of god counceyle memory intelligence prouidence deliberation reason the fruite of the soule hope contemplacion ioye honesty confession pacience compunction longanimitie fayth religion clennesse obedience chastitie continence affection uirginitie charitie grace pitie peace swetenesse mercy forgiuenesse compassion benignitie concorde of charitie charitie is a right hyghe vertue aboue all other and is an ardaunt desyre well ordayned to loue god and hys neighbour and these be the braunches grace peace pytie sweetenesse mercy indulâ—ence compassyon benygnitie and concorde grace is by the whych is shewed an effectuall seruyce of beneuolence amongest friendes from one friende to
muche lyinge vppon the brest pepper anger all fyred meates and all thynge rosted lechery muche wakynge to muche rest muche drynke muche thyrst much runnynge smoke of ensence olde chese heate or colde all thynges that byn soure is nought for the throte ¶ good for the harte ¶ saffron borage laughynge ioye muske cloues galynggale nutmygges the red rose the vyolet suger maces before all other thynges ¶ euyll for the harte ¶ beanes peson lekes garlyke onions heuenesse anger drede to much busynes trauayle to drinke colde water after laboure euyll tydynges ¶ good for the stomake ¶ red myntes red roses commyn suger sage wormewod calamyte to vomet euery quarter once great hunger euery daye to stande after meate and ofte wakynge after meles euery colde thynge galyngale nutmygges vyneger peper mesurable slepe ¶ euyll for the stomake ¶ all sweete thynges for they make the hom ake to swell nuttes olde chese mylke hony mary of bones that be not wel so den to eate or thou be an hungred to eat many sortes of meates at one sitting to drinke or thou be a thirste to eate breade that is not wel baken and al rawe fleshe stynken heuynes and drede thought ouer great trauayle stowpynge fallynge al fryde meates to much bathynge after meate to much castynge eate when thou art ouer hotte eyther of feuer or trauayle all mylke of beastes is euyl saue of gotes ¶ for ache of the wombe ¶ take fansy rewe and sothernewod and eate it with salte fâ—stynge wheÌ„ thou arte afret and it wil do it away ¶ for to restore the lyuer ¶ take a quantite of wilde tansey and stampe it and drinke it with wyne or ale .ix. dayes or more and he shal amende ¶ for fatnesse about a mans harte take the iuyce of fenell and hony and sethe them bothe together til that it be harde and eate it at euen and morne and it shal auoyde soone ¶ for hardenes of the wombe ¶ take two sponefull of the iuyce of yuy leaues drinke therof thre tymes on the day and thou shalt be hole ¶ for winde in the stomake ¶ take commin and bete it to pouder and mingle it with redde wyne and drinke it last at nyght three dayes and he shal be hole ¶ for the dropsy ¶ take thycke wede clythâ—rs ale and otemele and make potage therwyth vse it ix dayes and euery day freshe and he shal be hole ¶ a good drinke for the pestylence ¶ for the pestylence take and washe cleene a lyllyrote and boyle it in whyte wyne tyll the one halfe he wasted and then gyue it the sâ—eâ—e to drinke and he shall breke out full of bladders as he were brent or scalded with hotte water then they wyll dry and the person waxe hole ¶ here after foloweth the iiii elementes and the foure complexions of man and howe and in what time they raygne in man cap. xxix ayre fyre earth and water the xxiiii houres of the daye the nyght ruleth sanguine colerike melancolike flumatike sixe houres after mydnight bludde hath the maistry in the vi houres aforenoone coller raigneth and vi houres afternoone raigneth melancoly and vi houres afore midnyght raigneth the flumatike ¶ thus endeth the iiii elementes and the foure complexions of man ¶ here foloweth the gouernance of health ca. xxx vuho wyll be hole kepe hymself fro sickenes and rysest the stroke of pestylence let hym be glad and voyde all heuynesse flee wycked ayres eschewe the presence of infecte places causynge the vyolence drynkinge good wynes of holsoÌ„ meatestake smell swete thynges and for thy defence walke in cleane ayre and eschewe the mystys blacke ¶ with voyde stomackeâ— outwarde the not dresse rysynge vp early with fyre haue sustence delyte in gardbas for the great swetenesse to be well cladde do thy deligence kepe well thy selfe from inconuenience in stewes ne bathes no seiourne thou make openynge of the pores this doth great offence walke in cleane ayre and eschew the mystes blacke ¶ eate no rawe fleshe for no gredynes and from fruyte kepe thyne abstynence pullettes and chyckyns for theyr tendernesse eate thou with sauce spare for none expence uergious vineger and the influence of holsome spicies i dare vndertake the morowe flepe called golden in sentence great helpeth ageynst the mystes blacke ¶ for health of body couer fro colde they heade eate no rawe meates take good hede her to drynke holsome wyne fede thee on lyght breade with an appetyte ryse from thy meate also with women aged fleshely haue not to do upon thy slepe drynke not of the cuppe glad towarde bedde at morowe bothe two and vse neuer late for to suppe ¶ and yf it so be that leches to thee fayle then take good hede to vse thynges threâ— temporate dyete temporate trauayle not malicyous for none aduersitie meke in trouble glad in pouertie ryche with lyttle content wyth suffysaunce xiiii xxiiii xiiii xvn xxi xxv neuer grudgynge mery lyke thy degree if physycke lacke make this thy gouernaunce ¶ to euery tale sone gyue thou no credence be not to hasty ne so daynely vengeable to poore folke do thou no vyolence curteyse of language of fedynge mesurable on sundry meate not gredy at the table in fedynge gentle prudent in dalyaunce close of tounge of worde not deceyuable to say the best set alway they pleasaunce ¶ haue in hate monthes that byn double suffre at thy table no detraction haue despyte of fok that make trouble of false rauenoures and adulation within thy place suffre no deuysion with thy householde it shall cause encrease of al welfare prosperitie and â—oyson with thy neyghboures lyue in rest and peace ¶ be clenly cladde after thy estaty passe not thy bondes kepe thy promesse blyue with three folke be not at debate fyrst with thy better beware for to sâ—ryue ageynst thy felowe no querell to contryue with thy subiecte to stryue it were shame wherfore i councell pursure all thy lyfe to lyue in peace and get thee a good name ¶ fyre at morowe and towarde bed at eue agaynst mystes blacke and ayre of pestylence betyme at serâ—is thou shalt the better cheue fyrst at thy rysyâ—ge to do god reuereâ—ce uysyte the poore with entyer dylygence on all nedy haue compassion and god shall sende grace and influence thee tho encrease and thy possession ¶ suffre no surfytes in thy house at nyght ware of suppers and great excesse of noddynge heades and candellyght i viii xiiii of sâ—outh at morowe and flombrynge idlenesse which of all vyces is chiefe proteresse uoyde all dronckenesse lyeres and lechoures of all vnthryfty exyle the maystresse that is to say dyce playes and hasardoures ¶ after meate beware make not to longe slepe heade foote and stomake preserue aye from colde be not to pensyfe of thought take no kepe after thy rent gouerne thy houshoulde suffre in tyme in thy ryght beholde swere none other no man to begyle in youth be lusty and sad
sonne then it of mars then that of iupiter and after it of saturne and thus bin the skyes of the planettes after theyr order the eyght skie is of sterres fyxed and bin called so for that they moue more regulerly and after one guyse then the planettes do then aboue that is the fyrste mobyle in the whiche notinge apperethe that shepardes may se. some shepardes say that aboue this ix skyes is one inmoble for it tourneth not and aboue that is one of chrystall ouer the whiche is the skie imperyal in the whych is the throne of godde of the which skie shepardes ought not to speake but onely of the fyrst mobyle and that it conteyneth all together called the world ¶ of one thyng they marueale much that is howe god hath distributed the sterres that he hath put none in the nynth skie and hath put so many in the ryght skie that they may not be nombred and in eche of the other vii but one onely in callinge the sonne and the moone sterres as appereth in the fygure hereafter ¶ here after the great mayster sheparde sheweth more playnely of the iiii elementes of the symylitude of the earth and how that euery planet is one aboue another and telleth which of them bin masculine as these fyue saturne iupiter mars sol and mercury and of two femynyne as uenus and luna and whiche of them is northly and southly and which byn orientall or occydentall capitulo xxxii ¶ of the mouynges of the skies and planettes some mouinges bin of the skies and planets that excedeth the vnderstandinge of shepardes as the mouynge of the firmameÌ„t in the which bin the sterres ageynste they fyrste mobyle in an hundred yere one degree and the mouynge of the planets in theyr episcycles of the which how wel the shepardes be not ignorant of al yet they make no mencyon here so it sufficeth them onely of two wherof the one is from orient into occident aboue the earthe and from occident in the orient vnder it that is called the dyurnall mouynge that is to saye that it maketh from daye to daye xxiiii houres by the whiche mouynge the ix skye that is the fyrste mobyle draweth after and maketh the other skies to tourne that byn vnder it the other mouynge is of the .vii. planettes and is from occident to orient aboue the earth and from orient into the occident vnder it and is contrary to the fyrste and byn the two mouynges that shepardes knowlegeth and how wel that they byn opposites yet moue thei contynually and bin possible as it is shewed by example if a ship on the sea came from orient into occident and that he of his owne mouyng weÌ„t in the shyppe softly towarde orient this man should moue a double mouyng wherof one snuld be of the shyppe and of hymselfe together and the other shuld be of his owne mouynge that he maketh softely towarde orient semblably the planettes byn transported with theyr skie from oryent into occidente by the dyurnall mouynge of the fyrst mobyle but later and otherwyse then the fyxed sterres by that that eche planete hath his propre mouinge contrary to the mouynge of the sterrer for the moone maketh a course lesse in a monthe about the earthe then a sterre fyxed and the sonne a course lesse in a yere the other planettes in certeyne time eche after the quantitie of his mouyng thus it appereth that the planettes moue two mouynges som shepardes say pose by imagnation that all the skies seassed to moue of the dayly mouinge the moone wolde make a course in goynge from the occideÌ„t into the orient in as much tyme as lasteth now .xxvii. dayes and viii houres and mercuryâ— uenus and sol wolde make in maner course in the space of a yere and mars in two yere or there about saturne in xxx yere or ther about for now they make their â—ourse or reuolucions accomplishe their propre mouynges in the tyme heâ—e named the propre mouynges of planettes is not streyght from occydence to oriente but it is as sydewe and shepardes se them sensyble for when they se the mone before a sterre one night the seconde or the thyrde nyghte it is behynde not streyght towarde oriente but shall be drawed one tyme towarde septemtrion and another time toward mydday and this is bycause of the latitude of the zodyake in the which be the xii sygnes vnder whom the planettes raygneth ¶ of the equinoctial and zodyake that be in the .ix. skies that conteineth the firmament vnder it capitulo .xxxiii. in the concaue of the fyrste mobyle shepardes imaigneth to be the two cyrcles they bin theyr royally the onâ— is as smal as a threde it is called equinoctiall and the other is large in maner of a gyrdle or as a garlande of floures whiche they call the zodyake and these two cyrcles deuideth the one and the other egally but not streyght for the zodyake crosseth crokedly the places where it crosseth bin sayd equinoctialles for to vnderstand the equinoctialâ— we se sensybly al the skie tourne from orient into occident it is called the dayly mouynge or diurnal theÌ„ ought one to imagine a streight lyke that passeth through the myddle of the earth commyng from the one ende of the sky to the other about the which lyne is made this mouynge the two endes byn two pointes in the skie that moueth not and byn called the poles of the worlde of the which one is ouer vs by the sterre of the north that alwayes apereth to vs and is the pole artike or septemtrional and the other is vnder the earth alwayes hyd called the pole antartike or pole austral in the middes of the which pole in the fyrste mobile is the circle equinoctiall egally before in the partie as in the other of the sayde poles after this cyrcle is made and measured the daily mouing of xxiiii houres that is a natural day and it is called eqinoctial for that when the sonne is in it the daye the nyght byn equal through all the worlde the large zodyake as sayd is in the fyrst mobyle also it is as a girdle manerly fygured and sette with images of sygnes entrayled subtylly and well composed and sette with fyxed sterres as shyning carbuncle or precious gemmes full of great vertue set by maistrysse ryght nobly adourned in the which zodyake be foure principall poyntes that deuideth them equally in foure parties one is hye called the solstyce of soÌ„mer which when the sonne is entred in cancer it is the longest day of sommer another is lowe called the solstice of winter which is when the son is entred in capricorne then it is the shortest daye of winter and mene call it equinoctial of haruest that the sonne entreth in libra in the moneth of september and the other is called equinoctiall of prymetime that the sonne entreth in aries in the moneth of march the which foure parties deuyded eche in thre equall parties maketh twelue
parties that bene called sygnes named aries taurus gemini cancer leo uirgo libra scorpio sagittarius capricornus aquarius and pisces aryes beginneth in the equinoctiall and crosseth the zodyake and when the sonne is there it begynneth to declyne that is to say aprochyng septemtrion and towarde vs it extendeth to the orient then is taurus seconde gemini the thyrde and so of other as the fygure hereafter sheweth also euery sygne is deuided in .xxx. degrees and be in the zodyake .ccc.lx. degrees and euery degree deuided by .lx. mynutes euery mynute in .lx. secondes euery seconde in .lx. thyrdes and this deuision suffiseth for shepardes here foloweth the story of the twelue sygnes ca. xxxiii shepardes knowelegeth a subtyll variation in the skye and is for three sterres fyâ—â—d be not vnder the same degrees of the zodyake that they were created biâ—ouse of the mouinge of the firmament the which ben agaynste the fyrst mobyle in an hundred yere of one degree for the which mutation the sonne maye haue other regarde to a steâ—re and other signification then it hadde in the tyme passed and also wheÌ„ the bookes were made for that the sterre hath hanged his degree or sygne vnder which it was and thys often tymes causeth them that make prognosticatyons and iudgementes comming to fayle ¶ all thee cyrcles of the skie byn narrowe and small except the zodyake which is large and conteyneth in length three hundred and three score degrees and of largenes twelue the which largenesse is deuyded by the myddes syxe degrees on the one signe and syxe on the other and thys deuysion is made by a lyne named eclyptyke and is the way of the sonne for the sonne neuer departeth vnder that lyne thus it is alway in the myddle of the zodyake but the other planets bene alwayes on the one syde or of the other of the sayde lyne saue when they bene the â—â—ade or in the tayle of the dragon as the moone that passeth twyse in a moneth and it happen when it reneweth it is eclyps of the sonne and yf it happen the full moone and that it be ryght vnder the nadyr of the sonne it is generall eclyps and if it be but a partie it is not sene when it is eclyps of the sonne it is not generall through all the clymates but onely in some â—u when it is eclyps of the moone it is generall ouer all of two great circles that is to say one meridien and the other oryson that intersequeth the one the other and crosseth dyrectly meridien is a great circle imagined on the skie which passeth by the poles of the worlde and by the poynt of the skye right ouer oure heades the which is called zenych and when the sonne is commen ouer fro orient vnto that circle it is midday and therefore it is called meridien and the halfe of that circle is ouer the earth and the other vnder it that passeth by the poynt of midnight directly opposite to zenych and when the sonne toucheth the part of the circle it is midnight and if a man go toward orient or occident he hath new meridien and therefore it is soner midday to them that be toward orient then to other if a man stande styll his meridien is one styll or if he go toward mydday or septemtrion but yf he styrre he hath other zenych and these two cyrcles crosseth directly oryzon is a great circle that deuideth the partie of the skie that we see from that we se not and shepardes say that if that a man were in a playne country he shold se iustly halfe of the skye the which they cal theyr emyspery that is to say half spere orizon is ioyning nyghe to the earth of the which orizon the entre is the myddle and is the place in the which we byn thus eche is alwayes in the myddes of his oryson and zenich is the pole as a man transporteth him fro one place to another he is in the other places against the skye hath other zenych other ozyron all oryson is right other oblyke they haue right ozyron that habydeth vnder the equinoctiall haue theyr zenych in the eqinoctial â—or theyr ozyron intersequeth and deuydeth the equinoctiall euen by the two poles of the worlde in such wyse that none of the poles of the world is reysed aboue theyr ozyron ne depriued ynder it but they that habiteth other where then vnder equinoctial haue theyr ozyron oblyke for theyr ozyrn foloweth and deuydeth the equinoctiall sydeway and not ryght and there appereth to theÌ„ of all tymes one of the poles of the worlde reysed aboue theyr ozyron and the other ben euer hyd so that they se them not more or lesse after diuers habitations after that they be of fernesse fro the equinoctial the more that the one pole is reysed the more is the ozyron oblyke and the other pole depryued and is to wete that there is as much distance fro the ozyron to the pole as is â—â—o the zenych to the equinoctiall and that zenych is the fourth parte of meridien or the myddes of the bowe dyurnall of the which the two endes be on the ozyron and also that of the pole vnto the equinoctial is the fourth party of all the roundnesse of the skies and also of the meridien circle syth it passeth by the poles and crosseth the equinoctiall directly ¶ example of the ozyron of paris after the opinion of shepardes ouer the which ozyron they saye that the pole is reysed xliâ— degrees wherefore they say also that fro the zenich of paris vnto the equinoctial be .xlix. degrees and that fro the ozyron vnto the zenych is the fourth partie of the meridien oyrcle be lxxxx degrees and fro the pole to the zenych be .xli. degrees and fro the pole vnto the solstyce of sommer be .lxii. degrees and fro the solstyce vnto the equinoctial ben .xxxiii. degrees there be fro the pole vnto the equinoctiall lxxxx degrees and is the fourth part of the roundnes of the skye from the equinoctial vnto the solstyce of wynter be .xxxiii. degrees and fro the solstice vnto the ozyron .xviii. thus shall the equinoctiall be reysed ouer the ozyron .xli. degrees and the solstyce of sommer .lxiiii. degrees in the which solstyce is the son at the houre of noone the longest day of sommer and then it entreth into cancer and is most nerest to our habytable parties that may be and when the sonne is in the solstyce of wynter the shortest day of the yere at the houre of noone it entreth into capricornus and the sayd solstyce is not reysed ouer the ozyron of paris but viii degrees the which eleuations and rysings a man may fynde playnely so that he know one onely and in euery region in lykewise after the situation of the two other great cyrcles of the skye and foure small two great circles ben on the skye named colours that deuideth thâ— skies in foure egall parties crosseth
theyr selfe directly the one pasâ—seth by the poles of the world by the two solstices and the other 〈◊〉 the poles also and by the two equinoctials the first small cyrcle is called thâ— cyrcle artyke bycause of the pole zodyake aboute the pole artyke and his lykâ— is to his opposite named the cyrcle antartyke the other two be named troâ—pykes the one of sommer and the other of wynter the tropyke of sommeâ— is cause of the solstyce of sommer beginning of cancer the tropike of winâ—ter of the solstice of winter beginning of capricorne ben egally distant onâ— circle fro the other here ought to be noted that the distaunces of the pole arâ—tyke to the cyrcle artyke and the distaunce of the tropike of sommer to the eâ—quinoctiall and that of the equinoctial to the tropike of wynter and from thâ— cyrcle antartyke to the pole antartyke are iust egal eche of .xxiii. degrees and aâ— halfe or there about then the distaunce fro the equinoctiall to the tropike oâ— sommer and fro the cyrcle artyke to the pole make together .xlvii. degrees the which take away of the quarter betwene the pole and the equinoctial wherâ— as ben lxxxx degrees saue that there abydeth .xliii. that ben the distaunce beâ—twene the tropyke of wynter and the cyrcle antartyke and these cyrcles byn sayd lyttle for they be not so great as the other neuerthelesse they be deuyded eche by .ccc.lx. degrees as the greatest of the rysing and resconsyng of the sygnes in the ozyron capitulo .xxxv. ozyron and emyspery differred for ozyron is the cyrcle that deuydeth the partie of the skye that we se from that vnder the earth that we se not also ozyron is a cyrcle that moueth not but as we moue fro one place to another but emyspery turneth continually for one partye ryâ—eth and mounteth ouer ozyron and the other part resconseth and entreth vnder it thus ozyron ryseth ne resconseth but the commeth aboue rysethe and that which goeth vnder resconseth merydien also ryseth not ne resconseth equi noctiall is the diurnell circle that ryseth and resconseth regulerly asmuche in one houre as in another all in xxiiii houres zodyake the large cyrcle oblyke whereon the sygnes byn ryseth and resconseth al on a daye natural but not regulerly for it ryseth more in one houre then in an other for that is euer ouer our ozyron is oblyke and deuydeth the zodyake in two partes wherof one is euer ouer our ozyron and the other vnderneth thus halfe of the sygnes ryseth ouer our ozyron euery day artificial be it shorte or longe and the other halfe by nyght wherfore it behoueth that in the dayes that be shorter then the nyghtes the sygnes riseth sooner and in longe dayes more at leyser and thus the zodyake ryseth not regulerly in these parties as the equinoctiall but there is double variacioÌ„ for half of the zodyake that is from the begynnynge of aries vnto the ende of uirgo al together taketh as much tyme in rysynge as halfe of the equinoctiall that is by it and they begyn to ryse in a moment and ende in a momente also but this halfe of the zodyake rysethe sooner in the begynning and this halfe of the equinoctial more at leyser and this is called theyr obliquement also the other halfe of the zodyake that is from the beginninge of libra vnto the ende of pisces and halfe of the equinoctial that is by it begynneth and leueth to ryse together but the equinoctial in that party in the beginninge ryseth sooner and the zodyake more at leyser and this is called rysyng directely and whether that ryseth sooner the equinoctial or the zodyake yet alwayes they ende together example of the two mouynges aforesayde as yf two men went from london to uvyndsore and departed bothe together and that at the begynninge the one go fast and the other softely he that goth â—asâ— shulde be sooner in the midway theÌ„ the other but yf he that went fast to the midway go softely the other fast they shal be bothe at once in wyndsore also the halfe of the zodyake from the begynninge of cancer vnto the ende of sagittary in rysinge â—ereth more then â—alfe the equinoctial so that this halfe ryseth all ryght and the other halfe of the zodyake ryseth oblykely of the deuysyons of the earth and of the regyons capitulo .xxxvi. first or we speke of the sterres and knowlege that shepardes haue we wyll saye of the deuysion of thâ— earthe and of his parties after thyâ— opinion wherefore it is to be noteâ— that the earth is round and thereforâ— as a man goeth from one counttrey tâ— another he hath other ozyron then hâ— had and there appeareth other partâ— of the skye and if a man went from septemtrion streight toward midâ—day the pole artike to him shal be lessâ— reysed that is to saye more nigh apâ—proching to the earth and if he wenâ— contrarywise it should be more reised that is to say apperyng higher anâ— therefore if he went toward mydday vnder a meridien whele that the polâ— artyke were lesse reysed ouer his ozyron by the xxx part of one of the vi part of the arke meridien he should passe the xxx parte of the vi parties of half the circute of the earth and to him the pole should be lesse reysed by one degreâ— or to the contrary tyl it were more reysed of one degree then he should passâ— one degree of the circuite of the earthe of the which all the degrees togeâ—ther ben .ccc.lx. and one degree of the earth conteyneth .xiii. leges and a half or there about and euery lege is two myle and as the spere of the skye is deâ—uided by the foure lesse circles fyue parties called zones so the earth is deuâ—â—ded into fiue regions whereof the first is betwene the pole artyke and the ciâ—â—cle artyke the second betwene is the circle artyke and the tropike of sommeâ—â— the third is betwene the tropike of sommer and the tropike of wynter thâ— fourth is betwene the tropike of winter and the cyrcle antartike the fyft bâ—â—twene the circle antartyke and the pole antartyke of the which parties 〈◊〉 the earth some shepards say that the first and the fyfth bin inhabitable 〈◊〉 theyr ouer great coldnesse for they ben to farre from the sonne the third thâ—â— is in the middle is to nere vnder the way of the soune and is inhabitable 〈◊〉 the great heate the other two parties the second and the fourth be not 〈◊〉 nere no to farre fro the sonne but be moderate in heate and colde and thereforâ— they ben habitable yf there be none other lettyng and pose that it be true 〈◊〉 it is not possible to passe ouer thwart the region vnder the way of the somâ— called zone turned to go fro the second to the fourth for some shepards woâ—â— haue passed that wold haue shewed of it wherefore they saye that there is 〈◊〉 region habyted but the second wherein we and all other
the sterre that we call the angle of the earth when we wil see it at eye we beholde our pomell as i beholde vnder this corde the nether end of my corde is the angle of the earth the sonne is right vnder it the long lines that trauerseth the ster of the figure that is the pomell of the skies serueth for .ii. houres the small lines for one houre but yet serue lynes as the chaunging of the sterre that signifyeth midnyght consequently the other hours for the long houres serueth to a month the small to .xv. dayes let the corde be stretched that it be seene ouer the pomell note some sterre vnder the cord that may be alway knowen that shal be it that alway shal shew vs the hours of the night after imagin a circle about the pomell distance of the sterre marked in which circle be imagyned the lynes or semblable distaunces as they be in the fygure as many distances as the marked ster shal be before the corde so many houres shal there be before midnight as many as shal be behind the corde so many houres be after midnight it must be knowen that the sterre marked changed the place in .xv. dayes by the distynctyon of an houre in a moneth of twayne wherefore it behoueth to take midnight in .xv. dayes farther by the distaunce of an houre and in a moneth of two and in two monethes of four and in three monethes of .vi. so that in .vi. monethes the sterre marked that was right vnder the pomell shall be right ouer and in other .vi. monethes it wyll come to the poynt where as it was first marked and this sayd marked ster one ought not to change but ought to chose it among many for the most knowledgeable and for the most to be founde amonge the other by this present figure shepardes know by night in the fieldes all seasons what time and houre it is be it afore midnight or after the .xxiiii. letters wythout the fygure byn for the .xxiiii. houres of a naturall day and the .xii. within byn for the .xii. monethes the sterre in the mids is the pomell of the skyes wyth the whych it behoueth to knowe one that is nexte it whych shal be a marked sterre and it by the whyche one may knowe the houres in the maner as before is sayde in taking mydnight in .xv. dayes furthermore by the distaunce of an houre for to know by nighte the place againste mydday as that of mydnighte the hye oryent and the hye occident the lowe orient and the lowe occident and the place in the skye ouer against which euerye signe ryseth shepardes vseth thys practyse they hange a corde that is made stedfast aboue and beneth then another with a plombe that discendeth tyll it be tyme for to staye it that they may be a lyttle distaunce one from another so that one maye see the flerre of the pomell right vnder the two cordes at once then they staye the corde with the plombe aboue or benethe now who that wyll see myddaye dyrectly be it night or daye goe on the other syde of the cordes and thou shalte see the place againste middaye then come on the first syde and thou shalt se the place againste midnight though it be daye for the hyest point of the zodyake in the longest daye of sommer lette the sonne be seene vnder the two cordes at the houre of myddaye and that he be so neere that he toche the cordes and marke in the corde toward the sonne the heyghte that he hathe sâ—ene it then by nighte marke some sterres that one maye alwaye knowe one in the same place is the passage of the solstice of sommer and when the dayes ben at the shortest the sterre that we see at mydnight in the sayde poynt of mydday ben directly they that ben next to the solstyce of sommer the which hath the signe nexte towarde orient is cancer and the signe next towarde occident is gemini and it is sayde from the heyght of the solstyce of sommer one may practyse the lowe solstyce of wynter the which we see on the myddaye when the daye is at the shortest ouer the place against midnight and his next signe towarde orient is capricorne and that toward occident is sagitarius one may marke the hye orient or the low but it behoueth that it be wheÌ„ the days ben at the longest or shortest and the distaunce betwene the two orients deuided in .vi. egall parties by eche ryseth two signes by the nerest partie of the hye orient ryseth gemini and cancer by the second taurus and leo by the third aries uirgo by the fourth pisces and libra by the .v. aquarius and scorpius by the .vi. more nere the occident capricornus and sagittarius and dyuers other things that may be practised on the skye ¶ of dyuers impressions that shepards se in the night in the ayre capitulo .xliiii. shhepardes that lyeth by night in the fields seeth many and diuers impressions in the ayre and on the earthe which they that lyeth in theyr beddes se not sometyme they haue sene in the ayre a maner of comet in fourme and fashion of a dragon castinge fyre by the throte another tyme hey haue sene fyre leaping in maner of gootes that leapeth without long during and other tymes a whyte impression the which appereth alwayes by right and at all houres the which they call the hye way to saynct iames in galice ¶ the fleing dragon gootes of fyre leaping the hye way to saynt iames in galyce other impressions there be as flambes of fyre that mounteth other as flaming of fyre that goeth sydeway other as styll fyre that bydeth long other there is that maketh great flames bydeth not long other also as candels â—ometyme great and sometyme lyttle and this they se in the ayre and on the earth another comet they se fallyng as an ardaunt spere brenning candell spere ardaunt fyre mounting brenning sparkles fyrebrandes wylde fyre moreouer shepardes see cometes in other maners that is to wete in maner of a piller flaming and dureth long another in maner of a flying sterre that passeth lightly but the third is couered sterre that dureth longest of all they se other fyue sterres erratykes that goeth not as the other ben they which they call planets but they haue fourme of the planetes and ben saturne iupiter mars uenus and mercurie and they see sterres of the which one is called the bearded sterre and the other heared sterre and the other a tayled sterre sterres erratykes comettayled flying sterre pyller ardaunt sterre tayled sterre heared sterre bearded quatuor his casibus sine dubio cadit adulter aut hic pauper erit aut subito morietur aut cadit in causam qua debet indice vinci aut aliquod membrum casu vel crimine perdet of a thunderstone that fell in the duchy of austrych how be it that the impressions here aboue seemeth things maruelous
the cause is they say for the sonne among other planets is most worthy wherefore it taketh the worthyesâ— day that is sonday luna domineth the first houre of monday mars the first houre of twesday mercurius of wednesday iupiter for thursdayâ— uenus for fryday and saturnus for saterday the day natural hath xxiiiâ— houres and euery houre reigneth a planet ¶ it is to be noted that when a man will begin to reken at sonday he musâ— reken thus sol uenus mercurius luna saturnus iupiter mars ¶ and when the nombre is fayled he must beginne at the houre that he wolâ— know what planet raigneth the monday he ought to beginne at luna thâ— tewesday at mars the wednesday at mercurie the thursday at iupiter the fryday at uenus the saterday at saturnus and euer when the nomâ—bres of the planets is fayled he must begin by order as it is aforesayd ¶ also it is to be noted that the grekes beginneth theyr daye in the morningâ— the iewes at nonne and the christen men at midnight and ther we oughâ— to beginne to reken for at one of the clocke one sonday in the morning reigâ—neth sol at two reigneth uenus at three reygneth mercurius at foure reiâ—â—neth luna at fiue saturnus at sixe iupiter at seuen mars and at eight bâ—â—gyn againe at sol at nynthe uenus at ten mercurie and consequently of thâ— other by order in order in euery houre ¶ when a chylde is borne it is to be knowne at what houre and if it be in thâ— beginning of the houre in the middes at the ende if it be in the beginninâ— he shall holde of the same planet and of the other afore if it be in the myddes it shall holde of that onely if it be borne in the ende it shall holde of the samâ— of that that commeth next after but neuerthelesse the planet that it is borâ— vnder ne shall not dominieth other that of the day shal be aboue it which iâ— the cause that a childe holdeth of diuers planets and hath diuers conditionâ—◠¶ he that is borne vnder sol shal be prudent and wyse a great speaker thaâ— which he prayseth he holdeth vertuous in him selfe who that is borne 〈◊〉 uenus is loued of euery man good to godwarde and reguler who that 〈◊〉 borne vnder mercurie is well bearded subtyll mylde veritable is not most prudent who that is borne vnder luna hath an hye forehead ruddy merâ— vysage shamefaste and religious who that is borne vnder saturne is haâ—â—dy curteyse of lyuing and is not auaricious who that is borne vnder iuâ—piter is hardy fayre vysage and ruddy chast and vagabonde ¶ who that is borne vnder mars is a great speaker a lyer a thefe a deceyuer bygge and of red colour ¶ they that wyll know of this more euidently let them tourne to the properâ—ties of the seuen planets afore rehersed ¶ a prologue of the authour vpon the twelue signes cap. liii i consyderyng the course of the celestiall bodies the puissaunce of the hya god omnipotente the which hathe made the sonne to shyne vpon the good and euyll that governeth all thinges conteyneth in the firmament on the earthe haue taken on me for to endite this litle treatise for to instruct endoctrine the people not lettred first to know god theyr maker secondly to gouerne theyr bodies and eschue infirmities and thirdly to knowe the course of the firmamente and of the celestiall bodyes conteyned in it with the dysposycyon of the vii planetets but who that wil know his properties ought first to know the monthe that he was borne in the signe that the sonne was in the same day i will not say that such thinges shal be but that the signes haue such properties and is the wyll of god after poetes astronomers aries is the firste signe that sheweth the fortunes of men and women as sayâ—h ptholomeus ¶ the fyrst signe of aries ¶ i fynde that he whiche is borne in the sygne of aries fro mydde marche to mydde apryll shal be of good wytte and shall neyther be riche ne pooreâ— he shall haue domage by his neyghboures he shall haue power ouer deade folkes goodes he shall be sone angry and sone appeased he shall haue dyuers fortunes and discordes he wyll desyre doctrine and haunt eloquent people and shal be experte in many degrees he shal be a lyer and vnstedfast of courage and will take the vengeaunce on his enemyes and he shal be better disposed in youth in all thinges theÌ„ in age vnto .xxxiii. yere he shal be a fornicatour and shal be wedded at xxv yeare yf he be not he shall not be chaste he shal be a mediatour for some of his frendes and will gladly be busy in the nedes of other he shal be awayted too be domaged he shall haue a signe in the shulder in his heade and in his body yet he shal be ryche by the deathe of other his firste sonne shall not lyue long he shal be in daunger of foure footed beastes he shall haue great syckenesse at xxiii yere and of the escape he shall lyue lxxxv yere after nature ¶ the womaÌ„ that is borne in this tyme shal be prefull suffre great wroÌ„ges from day to day she wil gladly make leasinges and shall lese her husbande recouer a better she shal be sicke at .v. yeare of age and at xxv she shal be in great daunger of death and yf she escape she shal be in doubt tyll .xliii. yeare shal suffer great peyne of the heade the dayes of sol and of mars to them shal be right good and the dayes of iupiter shal be contrary to them and as wel the man as the women shal be semblable to the shepe that euery yere leseth his fleshe of woll and within short space recouereth it ageyne ¶ of the signe of taurus he that is borne in the sygne of taurus fro mydde apryll to mydde may shal be stronge hardye and full of stryfe delycyous and shall possesse goodes gyuen to hym by other menne that he wold haue done shal be incontinent and wyll enforce to himselfe to fynyshe it in his youth be wyll dyspyse euerye person and shal be yrefull he shall go pylgrymages and wyll leaue his frendes and lyue amonge straungers he shall be put in officies and shall exercyse them well and shal be ryche by women he shall be thankelesse and come to good estate he will take vengeaunce on his enemyes he shal be bytten of a dogge and shall experiment many paynes by women and shall be in peryll at xxxiii yeare he shal be in perill of water and shal be greued by syckenesse and venym at xxiii yere and at xxx yere he shal be habundaunt in rychesse and shall ryse to great dignitie and shal lyue .lxxxv. yeare and three monthes after nature and shall se his fortune sorowefull ¶ the women that is borne in thys tyme shal be effectuall labouringe and a great lyer and shall
enuyous of the signe of aquarius the man that is borne vnder the signe of aquaquarius fro midde ianuary vnto mydde february shal be louely and yrefull he wyll 〈◊〉 beleue in vayne he shall haue syluer at xxiiii yeare he shall be in estate he shal winne where he goth or he shal be sorest 〈◊〉 shal be hurte with yron he shal haue feare on the water and afterwarde shal haue good fortune and shal go in to diuers straunge countreys ¶ the woman that is borne in this tyme shall be delycious and haue many noyses for her children she shal be in great peril at the age of xxiiii yere she shal be in felycytie she shal haue domage by â—easâ—es with foure feete she shal lyue lxxvii yere after nature the dayes of uenus and of luna be right good for them the dayes of mars and saturne byn contraryâ— and bothe the mâ—n and women shal be resonable and they shall not â—e ouer ryche ¶ of the signe of pisces he that is borne vnder the sygne of pisces from myd february to myd marche shal be a greate goer a fornicatour a mocker and shal be couetous he will say one do an other he shall fynde money he wil truste in his sapience and shall haue good fortune he shall be a defender of orphelyus and wydowes he shall be fearefull on water he shall passe soone al his aduersyties and shall lyue .lxxiii. yeare and v. monthes after nature ¶ the woman that is borne in thys time shal be delicious familier in ioâ—tes pleasaunt of courage feruent and shall haue syckenesse in her eyen and shall be sorowefull by shame her husbande will leaue her and she shall haue much peyne with straungers she shall not haue her owne she shall haue peyne in her stomake she shall lyue lxxvii yere after nature the dayes of mars and of saturne to them bin countrary and both the man and the woman shal lyue faythfullye ¶ thus endeth the natiuities of men and women after the xii signes ¶ here after foloweth the x. christen nations capitulo liiii i pretend in this lytle treatise to speake of diuers christi nacions the which bin deuided in x. of the which i will declare as i haue fouÌ„de written in the latin tonge will redyge it to our englishe maternal as shepardes speakethe in the fyeldes after the capacitie of myne vnderstandinge and if in so doynge i haue erred i require all other shepardes for to excuse any youth and to amende where as i haue made defaute and where as i haue fayled i submytte me vnto amendement for ageynste amendes no man may be ¶ the first nation is of latynes in the nation of latynes for the superioures is the emperoure many kinges that is to wyte the most christen redoubted king of englande and of fraunce with many noble dukes erles vycountes barons and knyghtes and is the nacyon moste resplendishinge of all other in honoure force and chyualry in the nation of spayne bin the kynges of castyle of aragon of portyngale of nauarre and other lordes in the nation of italye is the kynge of eycyle the kynge of naples and many other lordes as of uenyce florence and geane in almayne besyde the emperour is diuers kinges as of scotlande hungry boheme polaheye asye fryse suisse hornegy almacye and croacy and many other lordeshippes that byn vnder the obedience of the catolycke churche ¶ the seconde nation is of grekes horace complaynethe speaking oft his nation of grece for the vexation that it hath had in tymeâ— past the greekes haue the patriarke of constantinople archebishops â—ottes to the spiritualty and to the temporaltie emperours dukes and erles they be nowe but of small nombre for agarâ—eâ—s and turkes haue taken the greatestâ— parte of greece the whyche parte obeyeth not the catolycke churche for they re troure they byn condempned by the churche for that they say spiritus sanctus non procedit a filio ¶ the thirde nacion is of armenyens vue rede that the nacion of armenyens in nyghe antyoche they vse al one language in the deuyne seruyce and in holy scripture as who shuld synge englishe in the church and both the meÌ„ and women vnderstande all they haue theyr prymaâ—e whiche they call catholycke to who they obey as to the kyng in greate deuocion and reuerence they faste the lenten and eate no fyshe and they drynke no wyne and eate fâ—eshe â—n the saturday ¶ the fourth nacion of georgiens this nacion is called georgieÌ„s of s. george of whom they beare the image in battaile and he is theyr patron they byn in the parties orential byn stronge and delycyous half percyens halfe assuriens they speake foule folysh language and make their sacrameÌ„tes as the grekes the preste haue their crownes rounde reased on theyr heades the clerkes haue them square when they go to the holy sepulcre they paye no trybute to the sarazyns they entre into ierusaleÌ„ theyr standerdes displayed for the sarazins feareth them the women vse armures as the men when they wryte to the sowdan incontinent that which they demaunde is graunted them ¶ the fyfth nacyon is of assuriens i fynde also by wrytinge that the nacion of suriens hath takeÌ„ the name of a cyty named sur the which is the moste emineÌ„t most vpholdeÌ„ amonge al other cities townes of the contrey of surrey these people for their vulgare common speche speketh the language sarazynoys theyr holy scriptures deuinities officies of the seruis is in greke they haue bishops kepe the coÌ„stitucioÌ„s of the grekes obey them in all thinges they sacrifyce with reysed bread haue opynious of the grekes as the latynes there be some christen men in the holy lande that ensuethe them and byn called samarytans whiche were conuerted in the tyme of the apostles but they be not perfyte christen men the syxte nation is of mororabyens sometime were wont to be a nacion of people in the contre of affryke spayne called mororabiens but now they bin but few they be called mororabiens for that in may thinges thei held the vse in christen men being in araby they vse the language of latin in the deuine officies sacred thinges obei to the church to the prelates of the latines they confesse them in the language azymonien or in latin they bin differeÌ„t to the latines for that in their dyuyne offices they haue the houres to longe and for the daye is deuyded in xxiiii houres of night and day so many offyres houres psalmes and all other orizons haue thei along the which they say not after the custome of the latines for that that the latynes saye in the begynnynge they say in the ende or in the middes some deuydeth the holye sacramentes in vii partes and other in .x. this is a ryght deuoute nation they conioyne no persons by mariage but if they be borne in theyr owne countrey and lande the