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A81935 An exact history of the several changes of government in England, from the horrid murther of King Charles I. to the happy restauration of King Charles II. With the renowned actions of General Monck. Being the second part of Florus anglicus, by J.D. Gent. Dauncey, John, fl. 1633.; Bos, Lambert van den, 1640-1698. Florus Anglicanus. 1600 (1600) Wing D290; Thomason E1917_3 128,942 323

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an end to the fray and difference And the Major Generall being that afternoon made a Free-man of the City did a day or two after come up to London and render himself to the Counsel according to their Order whereupon he was dismissed and was by his Glocester friends chosen with free consent for one of their Burgesses Great were the expectations of this time what the Counsel of State would do concerning the King many being of opinion and resting confident that they would bring him in before the beginning of the Parliament all men antedating the time of his restoration by their longing and earnest desires of that happy day wherein they might see him setled upon the Throne of his Ancestors and the Nation restored to its true and ancient Liberties The designes of the Fanaticks did now appear almost in every County but the head being brok in Lambert the Members could not long enjoy life and motion but in every County they were dispersed and the chief Ringleaders taken amongst whom Major General Harrison who was taken in Staford-shire was most considerable But the 25th of April being now come a day of greatest expectation by the whole Nation the Parliament met in their House where the first day nothing of moment passed but only they chose their Speakers and Sr Harbotle Grimstone for the House of Commons a man of eminent parts and deserts The next day the House of Commons appointed severall Committees to take care of such things as were first to come under consideration and the first was concerning double elections and till the business was determined none but those who were returned in both the indentures were to sit in the House A Bill against vagrants wandring idle and dissolute persons was read And not long after The Lords confirmed their old Speaker the Earl of Manchester Both houses likewise Ordered Thursday May 10. to be set apart for a day of publick thanksgiving to Almighty God for his wonderfull goodnesse in stirring up and assisting of General Monck and other worthy persons in being so grandly instrumentall to the restoring of happinesse to their Country and Ordered to be observed by this House and the Cities of London and Westminster and late Lines of Communication and that the Thursday fortnight after be likewise observed the whole Nation and this their Resolve being by Mr Herbert carried up to the Lords they immediately concurred with them therein and so passed the Orders The Commons resolved that the thanks of their House should be given to Generall Monck as an acknowledgement of his eminent and unparalleled services for the good of these Nations and likewise Ordered thanks to be returned to Coll. Ingoldsby for his late eminent services both which were by the Speaker elegantly performed accordingly The Houses on Friday April 27. adjourned till the Tuesday following appointing Munday to be observed as a day of Humiliation by both Houses whereon Dr Reynold and Mr Hardy preached before the Lords and Dr Gauden Mr Calamy and Mr Baxter before the House of Commons And now appeared that happy day Tuesday May 1st which is not to be mentioned amongst English men without praise to Almighty God for his infinite mercy it being the day whereon he pleased at length to bring us out of that masse of confusion and misery into which his just hand had suffered us to plunge our selves into our former blessed and happy estate For the Parliament having received by Sr John Greenvile his Majesties most Gracious Letters and Declarations it was unanimously passed by both Houses That according to the ancient and fundamentall Laws of this Kingdome the Government is and ought to be by King Lords and Commons The Kings Majesty besides his Letters to both Houses and Declaration had likewise sent a Letter to General Monck with the Officers under his Command together with one to General Mountague and the Commanders at Seas The substance of all which was His Majesties free and Gracious pardon to all that should within fourty daies lay hold on the same with resolution as far as in him lies to preserve them free from injury in their lives and Estates liberty for tender Consciences and such as differ in matters of Religion provided they disturb not the peace of the Nation and that all things relating to Sales and Purchases shall be determined in Parliament And the full satisfaction of the Arrears of the Souldiery and receiving them into his Majesties pay Upon the reading of the fore-mention Letters and Declaration in the Houses there was all reverence shown due to his Majesty and so Royall a concession and one thing is worth observation that the first who celebrated his Majesties grace and extraordinary goodnesse was Luke Robinson a man whose former actings had rendred him deservedly odious but now I hope he hath made a reall repentance Never was Vote received with more joy then this was by the Citizens and all others who could hear of it at night the Bels Bonfires and shouts of the people did highly demonstrate their extraordinary content and satisfaction On the next day the House of Commons agreed upon a Letter in answer to his Majesty and resolved that the Superscription should be To the Kings most excellent Majesty And General Monck acquainted the House with an Addresse made to him by the Officers of the Army wherein they did with one heart testifie their resolutions to demonstrate themselves the best and most loyall of his Majesties Subjects Which Addresse was presented to the Generall by Coll. Sr John Lenthall and subscribed by all the chief Officers then in London The House Resolved that Dr Claerges have leave of the House to go to the King with the Lord Generals answer to his Majesties Letter to him They likewise Resolved that Sr John Greenvile should have the thanks of the House and receive 500lb to buy him a jewel as a restimony of their respect to him Honest Ald. Robinson acquainted the House That the Lord Major Aldermen and Commoncounsel had likewise received a Letter with the Declaration from his Majesty to which they desired liberty of the Parliament to return an answer which was by this House accordingly granted An Agreement was made between this Commonwealth and the King of Spain for metuall exchange of all prisoners which was signed by the Marquesse of Caracena on the behalf of his Catholick Majesty and the Lord General Monck in behalf of this Commonwealth and the Orders taken according for the transportation of such Spaniards as were prisoners here which agreement is hoped will not end there but that there will shortly be a finall conclusion of all differences between both Nations May 3. The Lords and Commons Ordered a Declaration for continuance of all Sheriffs Justices of the Peace Major and other Officers that were in office the 25th of April 1660. and to exercise their functions in his Majesties name and stile and suppresse all unlawfull Assemblies and punish all misdemeanours against his Majesties Royall
having been very pensive and melancholly from her death till aboutthe middle of August his distemper was perceived to be an Ague which together with other malignant humours so depressed his vitals that it brought him at length to his finall Exit though with many strivings and struglings he often falling into swouns and trances being loath to go to give an account He could not be perswaded that his distemper was mortall being an Enthusiast in judgment firmly believing That as God had carried him to that height so he had some farther work for him to do he having about him such sycophantine Chaplains one of which but three days before his death praying by his bed side used this expression Lord we beg not of thee life for that we are already assured of but that thou wouldest be pleased to ease him of his languishing misery Having had severall discourses with divers of his Privy Counsell who earnestly pressed him according to the first Article of the Petition and Advice to name his Successor being ambitious to leave what he could no longer enjoy himself to his own line named his Sonne Richard Cromwell for succeeding Protector after his death The night before his departure says one he was observed to have uttered this Prayer Lord I am a miserable creature yet I am in Covenant with thee through grace and I may I will come unto thee for thy people Lord thou hast made me though very unworthy a mean instrument to do them some good and thee service and many of them had too high value of me though others would be glad of my fall But Lord howsoever thou disposest of me do good for them Give consistency of judgment one heart and mutuall love unto them Let the Name of Christ be glorious throughout the world Pardon such as delight to trample upon the ashes of a worm and pardon the folly of this short Prayer even for Jesus Christ his sake This was on Thursday night and on Friday morning being the 3d of September 1658 his twice auspicious day he shewed all the signs of a dying person though he continued still alive till about three a clock in the afternoon when his great soul expired and went to give an account of his actions in this life to the great High Court of Justice who had so often called men to account before his High Courts of Justice here yet there he might have this surety which could not be given here that there are neither Trepanners nor false Witnesses The Privy Counsell upon advice of his death immediately assembled together and being satisfied of his departure out of this world and that he according to the first Article of the Petition and Advice had appointed his Sonne Richard Cromwell to succeed him in the Government of Lord Protector of England Scotland and Ireland c. they agreed to his choice and the Officers of the Army having likewise assented thereto they immediately sent the Lord Chamberlain to acquaint the Lord Richard Cromwell that they were coming to wait upon him whereupon he attended their coming and the Lord President being the formost made a Speech to him in the name of the whole Counsell wherein he let him know how deeply the Counsell was affected with grief for the death of his Princely Father and that they could not but very much condole with him for so great a loss and withall to acquaint him that his late Highness his dear Father having in his life time according to the humble Petition and Advice declared and appointed him to succeed in the Government of these Nations the Counsell had taken the matter into consideration and thereupon resolved it and had caused a Proclamation to be drawn up which was passed by the Counsell communicated and consented to by the Officers of the Army and subscribed by the members of the Counsell and the Lord Major of London and Officers of the Army with one consent whereby his Highness was to be proclaimed Lord Protector of these three Nations of England Scotland and Ireland and that the said Proclamation was to be made publick the next Morning at nine of the Clock c. To this his Highness returned answer That he had a very deep sense as well of his own sorrow for the loss of his Father as of the faithfulness of the Counsell of the City of London and Officers of the Army toward his deceased Father and himself in the present occasion and likewise the sense he had of the great weight of the Government now by Gods providence thrust upon his shoulders which he could no better way hope to sustain than by theirs and the good people of the Nations Prayers whose peace and prosperity he would endeavour to maintain to the utmost of his power c. so he dismissed the Counsell Thus you have a full relation of the end of Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector of England Scotland and Ireland whose valour only mounted him to that height and for which only he deserves remembrance or applause and by which he raised his Family to that pitch to equall with the best of the Kingdome and the Nation to that glory that forreign Princes both feared and envied it He had issue two Sons viz. 1. The Lord Richard Cromwell who was brought up in a soft kind of life and more addicted to hunting and pleasures then either to Warres or Governments who succeeded him in the Protectorship 2. The Lord Henry Cromwell who from sixteen years of age was by his Father bred a Souldier and was at his death Lord Deputy of Ireland And four Daughters viz. 1. Bridget his eldest Daughter was first married to the Lord Deputy Ireton and after his death re-married to the Lord Fleetwood who succeeded Ireton in the Deputyship of Ireland 2. Elizabeth his second Daughter married to the Lord Cleypool Master of his Highness Horse 3. Mary his third Daughter married to the Lord Faulconbridge And 4. Frances his youngest Daughter who was married to the Lord Rich Grandchilde to the Earl of Warwick So high were his fortunes raised that those of the Nobility who would once have hardly deigned to have spoke to him would now have accounted it an honour to have matched into his Family But let us leave him sleeping in his ashes and proceed to his Son Richard FLORVS ANGLICVS OR THE Government of England VNDER Richard Lord Protector in the Years 1658 1659. PART III. OLIVER Lord Protector of England c. being thus deceased the Privy Counsell send a Committee of their own members viz. the Lord Mountague Generall at sea Walter Strickland Esquire and Major Generall Skippon to the City who acquainted them with the Counsels intentions to proclaim his Highness Richard the eldest Sonne to the late deceased Lord Protector of these Nations and their territories and dominions which being readily assented to by them the ensuing Proclamation was the next day after Olivers death first read at the Counsell window by Norway King of Arms viz.
which had been taken out of the publike stores Thirdly that all the Regiments of Horse and Foot in the Northern Counties do forthwith repair unto such Quarters as shall be appointed for them by the Commissioners for management of the Army and observe their order inddirections for time to come And then they ordered thanks to be returned to Generall Monck Vice-Admirall Lawson and the Portsmouth Commissioners as an acknowledgement of their fidelity and good service And this was their first Act upon their resetling their Rump in its former seat Divers were the other Votes and Orders which they made for setling their Army and securing their power which because not much materiall for our purpose we shall pass on to what is more properly historicall namely the actions of Generall Moncke and his march towards London yet not forgetting such things as in the mean time passed at London or elsewhere and ought to be considerable Generall Monck had after his first Treaty at London by his Commissioners and that he might keep things from running to bloodshed and prevent the hazard of a Battle knowing that time it self must certainly make him victorious upon notice of the agreement made by his Commissioners here contrary to the tenor of their Commissions or his intentions had I say agreed upon a second Treaty to be had at Newcastle By which means he delayed time so long that Sr Arthur Haslerig and the rest making that diversion at Portsmouth the Parliament was on a suddain restored and his enemies immediately upon news vanished like smoke all the Forces being by the Parliaments Order to submit to his command and disposure Having therefore setled all things according to his pleasure and as was most convenient to his purpose he resolves upon his march to London and for that purpose took up Horses in the Country to horse his Foot the Parliament approving of his actions for fear to displease him though they had ordered his coming up only with 500 Horse and disposed his Army in their respective Quarters But he who was to do other things then barely the restoring of a putrified Rump resolves to march up with his whole strength but in the mean time lulls them asleep with a smiling complyance with their humors and desires His march towards London was but slow he being resolved to keep his Army in such a posture as might provide security for the Souldiery and testifie the prudence of the Generall In Yorkeshre he was met by the Lord Fairfax and other Gentlemen of the County who before Lamberts dispersing had raised a considerable Body and with the assistance of the Irish Brigade had secured Yorke and by them was caressed with all testimonies of affection and courted with their desires that he would be instrumentall to make the Nation happy by restoring the Members secluded in 1648 or in helping them to a full and free Parliament This likewise was the substance of many Declarations which at this time were tendred to the Speaker and City of London from severall Counties And this likewise was the subject of those other addresses which he received from the Gentry of all places in his march But the Parliament a little alarmed by this news and sensible of the danger was thereby imminent to themselves should the intentions of the Generall be otherwise then they seemed to them order Mr Scot and Mr Robinson to go down to him under pretence of congratulating him for his signall services but indeed to search if they could into the depth of his intentions But he who was too wise to be caught by such gulls carried himself with such an even poise that both Parliament and Country thought him surely inclining to their severall Parties And notable was his Letter in answer to one the City had lately sent him by their Swordbearer in which he both resolved as he said to satisfie their desires for a Free Parliament and yet resolved to continue faithfull to this Parliament giving the City matter of hope and taking from the Rump all cause of discontent But the Parliament having sent persons to search into his thoughts the City likewise whom it as nearly concerned were resolved to do the like and therefore made choise of Alderman Fowke Alderman Vincent and Collonel Bromfield to go down and present him with their affections and desires together with their resolution to stick by their former resolution who were received by the Generall with all expressions of civility but nothing was promised to them which might give the Rump any suspition or jealousie of his intentions After a long and tedious march on January 28. 1659. he arrived at St Albans where he was presented with the Addresses of severall Counties together with one from the City of London all which containing the forementioned subject received from him the like courteous though dubious answers The same day he arrived at St Albans his Lady arrived at Whitehall and took up those lodgings which had been prepared for her On Friday February the third he arrived at London the Army which was quartered there having marched out the night before though with a great deal of discontent and some disorder and mutiny He was the next day by the Parliament desired to come to the House and Mr Scot and Mr Robinson sent to attend him where being come the Speaker in the highest expressions might be did endeavour to testifie the grand esteem the House had of his merits and the hearty thanks they did return to him for them and he afterwards retaliated his language in an excellent speech whereof though in all things he seemed to comply with their desires yet in some sort he put them in mind of the peoples desires and inclinations which notwithstanding he left to their determination and upon parting left them well satisfied with him in all outward appearance There were not many things remarkable which fell out at London or elsewhere in the interim of the Generalls march thither only the ejection of Sr Henry Vane and Major Saloway who had been instruments in the late interruption out of the House and confinement of the first with Lambert and the rest of the nine Worthies to their severall Houses and the committing the last to the Tower There happened likewise two mutinies the one at Gravesend by the Souldiers of Sr Brice Cockrains Regiment and the other at Bristoll by the inhabitants in relation to a Free Parliament but both were sunddenly quelled The Generall being as aforesaid come to London the Parliament alias Rump for by that name they may be best known being extraordinary jealous of him and the power he might at pleasure exercise over them to their prejudice consult amongst the grandees of them how they might best abridge his power and overtop him and for this they designed this expedient The City continuing as before malecontent and denying to pay any Money without the consent of a full Parliament and refusing to be satisfied with any thing could proceed