and aboue the harth with the fiftie pencioners with their battaile axes and so the King broughts hir vp to hir priuie chamber where hee lefte hir for that time Assoone as the K. and she were enâ—…red the Court was shot off froÌ„ the Tower of Grenewich and there about a great peale of artillerie When the Kinges companye and hirs were once come within the Parke as before yee haue heard then all the Horsemen on Blacke heathe brake their aray and hadde licence to depart to London or otherwhere to their lodgings The mariage 〈◊〉 solemnised betwixte King â—…y and the Lady Anne of Câ—…e On the Tewsday following being the daye of the Epiphany the mariage was solemnised betwixt the K. and the said Lady She was fetched from hir chamber by the Lords so that shee going betweene the Earle of Ouersteyne and the graund master Hosconder which had the coÌ„duit and order to see the mariage performed she passed through the Kings chamber al the Lords before hir til she came into the galerie where the K. was ready staying for hir to whome shee made three low obeisances and courtesies Then the Archb. of Canterbury receiued theÌ„ and maried them togither and the Earle of Ouersteine did giue hir When the mariage was celebrate they went hande in hande into the kings closet and there hearing Masse offered their tapers and after Masse was ended they had wine and spices And that done the K. departed to his chamber and al y e Ladyes waited on hir to hir chamber the D. of Norffolke goyng on hir rights hande and the D. of Suffolke on hir left hande After nine of the clocke the K. hauing shifted his apparell came to his closet and shee likewise in hir heare and in y e same apparell she was maried in came to hir closet with hir Sergeant at armes and all hir officers before hir like a Q. and so the K. and she went openly in procession and offered and dined togither After they hadde supped togither there were bankers and Maskes and diuers disportes shewed till time came that it pleased the King and hir to take rest On the Sunday after Iustes were kept solemne Iustes which greatly contented the strangers This daye shee was apparelled after the English manner with a french head which became hir exceedyng well When the Erle of Ouersseine and the other Lordes and Ladyes whiche had giuen their attendance on hir grace all that iourney had beâ—…e highly feasted and enterteyned of the K. and other of the nobles they tooke leaue and had great giftes giuen to them both in money and plate and so returned towarde their countrey leauyng behind them the Earle of Waldecke and dyuers Gentlemen and damosels to remaine with hir til she were better acquainted in the realme The fourth of February the King and she remoued to Westminster by water on whom the L. Maior and his breethren and twelue of the chiefe companies of the Citie al in Barges gorgeously garnished with baners penons and targets richly couered and furnished with instruments sweetely sounding gaue their attendaÌ„ce and by the way all the shippes shot off and likewise from the Tower a great peale of ordinaÌ„ce wente off iustely The twelfth of February The Duke of Norffolke Ambassador into France the D. of Norffolke was sente in Ambassade to the french K. of whom he was wel enterteined and in the ende of the same moneth hee returned again into England The eyghtenth of Aprill at Westminster was Thomas Lorde Cromwell created Earle of Essex and ordeyned great Chamberlayne of Englande whiche office the Earles of Oxforde were wont euer to enioy An. reg 32. The firste of May Sir Iohn Audeley Sir Thomas Seymour Sir George Carewe Sir Thomas Poinings knightes Rich. Cromwell and Anthony Kingston Esquiers Iustes enterprised a royall Iustes Torney and barriers The Iusts beganne the first of May the second of May the sayde Richard Cromwell and Anthony Kingston were made Knightes The Torney began the third day and the barriers the fifth of y e same moneth whiche chalenge they valiantly performed against al commers and at Durâ—…me place they kept open housholde feasting the King the Q and all the Lords Beside this on Tewsday in the rogation weeke they feasted all y e knights and burgesses of the common house and the morow after they had the Maior the Aldermen and all their wiues to dinner and on the Friday after they brake vp houshold In the Parliamente which began the eightenth of Aprill last past the religion of S. Iohns in Englande commonly called the order of Knightes of the Rodes The order of the Roades dissolued was dissolued and on the ascentioÌ„ day being the fifth of May sir Wil. Weston Knight prior of S. Iohns departed this life for thought as was reported which he tooke to heart after hee heard of that dissolution of his order The same moneth were sente to the Tower Doctor Sampson Bishoppe of Chichester The Byshop of Chichester and Doctor Wilâ—… committed to the Tower and Doctor Wilson for relieuing of certayne trayterous persons and for the same offence was one Richard Farmer a grocer of London a rich and welthie man and of good estimatioÌ„ in the Citie committed to the Marshall See and after at Westminster Hall arreigned and atteynted in the premunire so that be lost all his goodes The ninetenth of Iuly Tho. L. Cromwell The Lorde Cromwell committed the Tower late made Earle of Essex as in the last yeare yee may reade beeing nowe in the counsel chamber was suddainely apprehended committed to y e Tower of London which his misfortune many lamented but mo reioiced thereat specially suche as either had bin religious men or fauoured theÌ„ The ninetenth of Iuly he was by Parliamente atteinted neuer came to his aunswere He is 〈◊〉 by Parliament and 〈◊〉 both of heresie high treason as in y e record it appeareth The .28 day of Iuly hee was brought to the scaffold on the Tower hill where he spake these words following I am come hither to die and not to purge my selfe as may happen some think y t I will for if I shoulde so doe I were a verye wretch and miser I am by the law condemned to die and thanke my L. God that hath appointed me this death for mine offence for sitheÌ„ce the time y t I came to yeares of discretion I haue lyued a sinner and offended my L. God for y e whiche I aske him hartily forgiuenes And it is not vnknowen to manye of you that I haue bene a great traueyler in the worlde and being but of a base degree was called to high estate and sitheÌ„ce the time I came therevnto I haue offended my prince for the which I aske him hartily forgiuenesse and besech you al to pray to God with me that he wil forgiue me O father forgiue me O sonne forgiue me O holy Ghost forgiue me O three persons in one God forgiue
on the morrow following Faleise and afterwards Saint Loe with diuers other Townes and Castels yeelded likewise vnto him The tenth of March the great galley and the Foystes were sent away from Newhauē with a Canon and shotte powder vnto Humfleu where they mette with Monsieur de Mouy that came thither with a faire company of horsmen and dyuers footemen French and of Enlishmen Captayne Tutty with his two hundred and Captayne Fisher with his hundred The Canon which came from Newhauen The Canon layd to the Castell of Hunfleu was immediately planted and about tenne of the clocke in the forenoone it was shotte off and after it had bin sixe times discharged they within began to parley and in the ende It is yeelded they agreed to yeelde vp y e Castel vnto Monsieur de Mouy with condition that their Souldiers and men of warre might depart only with their rapiers and daggers leauing all the residue of their monables behinde them And according to this capitulation Captayne Lion with his hundred Souldiers and Captayne Nicholas with hys hundred and fiftie other Souldyers which were within departed and left the Castel vnto Monsieur de Mouy whereby hys Souldyers as wel Englishe as others gayned greately by the spoyle A proclamation The twelfth of March a Proclamation was made in name of the Lord Lieutenant that no Souldier shoulde drawe weapon to doe hurte therewith to anye of the Frenche within the Towne of Newhauen or limits of the same nor to molest them nor to spoyle nor take anye thing violently away from any of them nor to breake downe their houses nor to carrie away their timber on payne of death A proclamatiō◅n the Frenche dogs name There was also a Proclamation made in name of the King and Admirall that no Captayne Burgesse Souldier Marriner or other of the French nation within the towne or without shoulde drawe any weapon nor pike anye quarrell nor vse any iniurious words agaynste anye man to moue them to wrath specially against the Englishmen on payne of deathe nor that any burgesse or inhabitant of what qualitie or condition soeuer except Captaynes Gentlemen and Souldiers receyuing pay shoulde beare any weapon on the like paine sir Adrian Poynings The fiue and twentith of Marche Sir Adrian Poynings Knight Marshall of Newhauen departed from thence and returning into England remayned there still Whereas Monsieur de Beauvoys had by the Admirall Chatillions commaundemente charged by publique Proclamation The Frenche appointed to depart out of Newhauen all Straungers forreyners and Frenche Souldyers to departe the Towne by the three and twentith of Marche last past and that all other hauing their wiues and families should depart with them within four dayes after the same Proclamation to giue ayde for the conseruation and keeping of the Townes of Hunflew Caen Bayeux Falaize Saint Lo and other places lately brought into the obedience of the King vnder the authoritie of the Prince of Conde vnder payne for making default to be taken as good prisoners of warre to those that shoulde apprehend them Proclamation was also therevpō made in the Lord Lieutenants name the sixe and twentith of Marche beeing Friday that it shoulde bee lawfull to the Queenes Maiesties subiects and friends to apprehende and take as their good and lawfull prisoners all suche as contrary to the former Proclamation shoulde remayne in the Towne of Newhauen after fiue of the clocke after noone of the day then nexte following beeing Saterday those persons only excepted whose names had bin presented and enrolled in hilles remayning with the Lord Lieutenants Secretary Prouided that no person seasing vppon the body of anye suche offendor should by vertue or colour thereof spoile any of their houses meddle with their goodes or monables without order and meane of Iustice vpon payne of death On the Sonday yet beeing the eyght and twentith of March another Proclamation was made to giue respite to the saide Straungers forreyners and French Souldiers vntill foure of the clocke in the after noone of the same daye And further there was another Proclamation published thys Sonday that none shoulde seaze vppon anye of those Straungers forreyners or Frenche Souldyers by colour of the two former Proclamations vntill the Lorde Lieutenauntes pleasure shoulde more fully bee knowen therein The thirtith of Marche beeyng Tewsday An other proclamation Proclamation was eftsoones made that where all forreyners being not any of the Burgesses or proper inhabitauntes of the sayd Towne of Newhauen nor of the garrison or armye of the Englishmen in the same Towne had bin warned by seuerall Proclamations to departe the Towne and yet the same Proclamations notwithstanding a greate number made their abode still in the Towne in contempte of those Proclamations The Lord Lieutenant by this Proclamation gaue full power and authoritie to the sayde Prouost Marshall of the garrison of the Englishmen in that Towne to apprehende and take as good and lawfull prisoners all suche forreyners as well Souldyers and Marriners as other without exception whyche shoulde bee founde in the Towne at anye tyme after fyue of the clocke in the after noone on Saterday then nexte commyng Monsieur Beanvoys and hys familie and all Ministers then beeyng within the Towne beeyng neuerthelesse cleerely excepted and dyuers prouisions also included in this selfesame Proclamation for the mitigating of extremities by wrong interpreting thereof in behalfe of them that were to departe as also that the gayne that shoulde come by euery particular prisoner so arrested by the Prouost Marshall shoulde returne to anye of the Queenes Maiesties subiectes by whose meane and procuremente y e same prisoner was detected and caused to be apprehended On Monday the fifth of Aprill the Reingraue with foure hundred Horsemen and about fiue hundred footemen came downe the hill betwixt Saint Addressez and Englefielde where Sir Hugh Paulet knight met with him by appointment of the L. Lieutenant accompanyed with .40 horsemē and a M. English footmen after they had talked togither by the space of an houre they departed the one from the other maister Paulet returning to Newhauen and the Reingraue to Mondeuille the place where he vsually remained Execution On Easter euen two souldyers that had serued vnder Captayne Parkinson were hanged in the market place of Newhauen for running away to the Reingraue and vnto Dieppe Another also that serued vnder Captain Tourner was condemned for the lyke offence but pardoned through the great clemency of the L. Lieutenant A Proclamation The .28 of Aprill Proclamation was made y e al the Papists and the wiues and children of al them that were departed forth of Newhauē and made their abode at y e present in Monstreuilliers Harflen or else where abrode in the Countrey and lykewise all other whome the last Proclamation for their anoiding out of the towne in any wise touched shoulde depart on Saterday then next ensuing on paine to haue their bodyes arrested as
of the same moneth of Iune betwixte tenne and eleuen of the clocke before noone hir grace was deliuered of a goodly manchild â—… Prince 〈◊〉 to the greate comforte of hir highnesse and all hir subiects whereof the nobilitie did greately reioyce and incontinently all the artillerie in the Castell was shotte off and all the Lords and people came togither in the Church of Saint Giles to giue thankes to Almightie God for his great and beneficiall goodnesse shewed to theÌ„ in giuing to theÌ„ a Prince and withall made their humble prayers vnto hys deuine Maiestie to endue hym wyth the feare of God with vertue and knowledge to gouerne the Realme and Subiectes thereof whensoeuer the same shoulde fortune to come into his handes The same nyghte at euen there were greate fyres of ioy made in the Towne of Edenburgh and in all the Countrey aboute and likewise through all the whole Realme as the aduertisementes were certifyed thereof The Queene remayned still in the Castell of Edenburgh all the moneth of Iulie following till shee hadde recouered hir healthe and strength In the beginning of August she passed vppe the water of Fourth to Alloway where she remayned certaine dayes the Earles of Murrey and Mar beeing in companye wyth hyr and there the Kyng hyr Husbande came to visit hir The same time Monsieur Maluoisir came into Scotland from the King of France bringing letters to the Queene who was conueyd by the Bishoppe of Rosse to Alloway where he was ioyfully receyued courteously enterteyned and highly rewarded The Q. of Englande sent M. Henry Killegrewe to the Queene with the like message reioysing for hir safe and happye deliuerance who likewise was receyued in most thankefull manner and well rewarded Heere is to bee noted The Princes Godfathers and Godmothers that shortly after shee was broughte to bedde shee sente one of hyr Gentlemen called Monsieur Clarimoich with letters to the King of Fraunce and to the Duke of Sauoy desiring them to sende Ambassadors whyche in their name as Godfathers myghte receyue hir sonne at the Baptisme Moreouer she sente Iames Meluine to the Queene of Englande wyth the lyke message desyring hyr Maiestie to bee Godmother These Princes were glad heereof and promised to sende Ambassadors to that effect as afterwards they did In the later ende of August the Queene accompanyed with the Kyng hir Husbande the Earles of Huntley Murrey Bothwell and dyuers other wente into Meggat lande there to passe the tyme in Hunting where they remayned certayne dayes and returning to Edenburgh caused the Prince to be conueyd vnto Striueling Castell where he was committed in keeping to the Lord Erskin after Earle of Mar and his Ladye And from thence the Queene wente a Progresse into Glen Arknay In Ianuary the Kyng came to Glasquo 1567 where he fell sicke and remouing from thence wente to Edenburgh and the Queene accompanyed him She lodged at Holy Roode House but hee was lodged in a house within the towne neere to the Kirk a field within the whiche the tenth of February in the nighte The Kyng murthered hee was shamefully murthered togyther wyth one William Parat Hee was caste into an Orcharde and heerewith the house was blowen vp wyth guÌ„powder The Earle of Bothwell murthered the King The Earle of Bothwell was euen at the first vehemeÌ„tly suspected to be y e principall offeÌ„dor in this most hainous detestable murther but the matter was so handled that he was not only acquite by an assise as they call it but also shortely after married the Queene by reason whereof the suspition which meÌ„ had alreadye conceyued that shee shoulde be also priuie to the murder was nothyng diminished But as I haue not to deale in that matter so yet it is manifest that some of the Scottishe nobilitie sore repinyng and malignyng at suche the speedye aduauncement of Bothwell who as euery maÌ„ perswaded hymselfe The Lords get them to armes was the principall author of the murther gote them to armes on the suddayne before the Queene or Bothwell were aduertised of their meaning they being then at Borthwike Castell eyght myles distante from Edenburgh The chiefe mouers of the quarrell against the Q and Bothwell The deuisers and procurers of this enterprise were knowen to bee the Lardes of Talibardin and Grange who moued it firste to the Earle of Morton then remayning in Dowglas William Maiâ—…laÌ„d the yong Lard of Lethington principall Secretary to the Queene beeing departed from hir eyghte dayes before had also procured the Lord Hume to ioine with the other in that quarrell Liberton Kirke The place of their meeting was appoynted at Liberton Kirk two myles from Edenburgh on Tewsday in the night the tenthe of Iune whyther the Earle of Morton came first the Lord Hume next And in the morning beeing Wednesday there came to them the Earle of Mar who hadde the Prince in his keeping within the Castell of Striueling but bycause the Earle of Glencarne the Lordes Lindsey Ruthuen and Simple the Maister of Grahame and others came not to the place at the precise appoynted houre they missed their purpose to take the Queene and Bothwell at Borthwike as they had deuised The Lordes disappoynted of theyr purpose and so the Queene and Bothwell aduertised of their assemble slipte away to the Castell of Dunbar The Lordes heerevppon came the same Wednesday vnto Edenburgh and within two dayes after the Earle of Atholl also came vnto them The Queene in the meane time vsed what diligence shee mighte to gather forces The Queene gathereth forces specially in the Mers and East Louthian and thinking that the enterprise of the Lords had bin broken and disappoynted marched from Dunbar on Saterday the fourteenth of Iune first to Hathington and there resting till the euen set forwarde to Gladismore and taking there deliueration in the matter they lodged that nyghte at Scaton and in the morning marched in order of battaile towardes Carbarry hill Carbarry hill and there choose foorthe a plotte of ground of greate aduantage appoynting to fyghte on foote bycause the power of the Lordes in number of Horsemenne was stronger than the Queenes and of greater experience There were with the Queene and Bothwell the Lordes Scaton Yester and Borthwike also the Lardes of Wauchton Bas Ormiston Weaderburne Blackater and Langton They hadde with them also two hundred Harquebusiers waged and of greate artillerie some fielde pieces Their whole number was esteemed to bee aboute two thousande The number of the Queene Power but the more part of them were commons and Countreymen The Earles of Morton Athol Mar Glencarne the Lords of Hume Lindsey Ruthuen Simple and Sauquhar The Lardes of DruÌ„lanrig Tulibarden Grange The power oâ—… the Lordes and yong Sefforde were assembled togither in Edenburgh with a power like in number to the Queenes but for the more part consisting of Gentlemen although not furnished with anye number of Harquebusiers excepte a fewe of
Earle of Warwike the blacke hounde of Ardern and the Earle of Lancaster churle Such Lordes and other more that were thus abused at thys Erle of Cornwals handes determined to bee reuenged vpon him and to dispatch the realme of such a wicked person and therevpon assembling their powers togither â—…er Foâ—… 〈◊〉 VVals came towardes Newcastell whither the king from Yorke was remoued and now hearing of their approch he got him to Tynmouth where the Queene lay and vnderstanding there that Newcastell was taken by the Lordes hee leauing the Queene behinde him tooke shipping and sayled from thence with his dearely beloued familiar the Earle of Cornewall vnto Scarbourgh where he left him in the Castell and rode himselfe towardes Warwike The Lordes hearing where the Earle of Cornewall was made thither with all speede 〈◊〉 Earle of â—…newall â—…n and besieging the Castell at length constrayned theyr enimie to yeeld himselfe into theyr handes requyring no other condition but that he might come to the kings presence to talke with him 〈◊〉 kings reâ—… for his 〈◊〉 The king hearing that his best beloued familiar was thus apprehended sendeth to the Lords requiring them to spare his life and that he might bee brought to his presence promising withall that he woulde see them fully satisfied in all their requestes agaynst him The Earle of Pembrokes sure to the other Lordes Wherevpon the Earle of Pembroke perswaded with the Barons to graunt to the kings desire vndertaking vpon forfeyture of all that he had to bring him to the king and backe againe to them in such state and condition as he receyued him When the Barons had consented to his motion he tooke the Earle of Cornwall with him to bring him where the king lay and comming to Dedington left him him there in safe keeping with his seruants whilest he for one night went to visite his wife lying not farre from thence The same night it chaunced that Guy Erle of Warwike came to the same place where the Earle of Cornewall was left and taking him from his keepers brought him vnto Warwike where incontinently it was thought best to put him to death but that some doubting the kings displeasure aduised the residue to stay and so they did till at length an auncient graue man amoÌ„gst them exhorted them to vse the occasion nowe offred and not to let slip the meane to deliuer the realme of such a daungerous person that hadde wrought so much mischiefe and might turne them all to such perill as afterwardes they should not be able to auoyde nor finde shift howe to remedie it And thus perswaded by his wordes Continuation of Triuet they caused hym streyght wayes to bee brought forth to a place called Blacklowe Gauers heath or Gauersuch The Earle of Cornwall beheaded otherwise called by most wryters Gauerslâ—…y heath where he had his head smitten from his shoulders the .xx. day of Iune being Tuesday 〈◊〉 kings â—…eance When the king had knowledge hereof hee was wonderfully displeased with those Lordes that had thus put the sayde Earle vnto death making his vowe that he would see his death reuenged so that the rancour which before was kindled betwixt the king and those Lords began now to blase abrode and spred so farre that the king euer sought occasion howe to worke them displeasure This yeare the .xlij. of Nouember An. reg 6. King Edwarde the third born the kings eldest sonne named Edwarde which succeded his father in the kingdome by the name of Edwarde the thirde was borne at Windesore King Edwarde now after that the foresayde Peers Gaueston the Earle of Cornwall was dead Polidor nothing reformed his maners but as one that detested the counsail and admonition of hys Nobles chose such to be about him and to be of his priuie counsaile which were knowne to be meÌ„ of corrupt and most wicked liuing as the writers of that age report it amongst these were two of the Spencers The Spencers Hugh the father and Hugh the sonne which were notable instruments to bring him vnto the liking of all kind of naughtie euill rule By the counsaile therfore of these Spencers he was wholy led gouerned wherewith many were much offeÌ„ded but namely Robert the archbishop of Canterbury who foresaw what mischiefe was like to ensue and therefore to prouide some remedie in tyme Fabian A Parliament he procured that a Parliament was called at London In the which many good ordinances and statutes were deuised established to oppresse the riotous misgouernance other mischiefes which as then were vsed and to kepe those ordinances the king first and after his Lordes receyued a solemne othe that in no wise neither he nor they should breake them By this meanes was the state of the realme newly restored and new Counsailers placed about the king But he neither regarding what he had sworne neither weying the force of an othe obserued afterwards none of those things which by his othe he had bounde himselfe to obserue And no meruayle for surely as it shoulde seeme by report of Thomas de la More the Lordes wrasted hym too muche and beyonde the boundes of reason causing him to receyue to bee about him whome it pleased them to appoynt For the yoÌ„ger Spencer The Lorde Hugh Spencer the sonne at the first not fauored of the king who in place of the Earle of Cornewall was ordeyned to bee hys Chamberlayne it was knowne to them well ynoughe that the King bare no good will at all to him at the first though afterwardes through the prudent policie and diligent industrie of the man he quickly crept into hys fauour and that further than those that preferred him could haue wished But nowe to our purpose About the same tyme Continuation of Triue 1313 to witte the .xi. of May the foresayd Robert Archbishop of Canterburie departed thys lyfe .xix. yeares after his fyrst entraunce into the gouernment of that Sea After him was Walter Bishop of Worcester translated vnto the sea of CaÌ„terburie and was the xlix Archbishop that had ruled the same Also William the Archebishop of Yorke deceassed Polidor and one William Melton succeeded him the .xlij. Archbishoppe that had gouerned that Sea This Archbishop MeltoÌ„ though he was most studious of things of things perteyning to religion bestowing almoste his whole time about the same yet neuerthelesse hee was not forgetfull of that which belonged to the aduauncement of the coÌ„mon welth and therfore being at London vpoÌ„ a time Simon the elect Bishop of Whitherne came to York that he might be coÌ„secrated of him The 〈◊〉 Whiâ—… 〈◊〉 Yorke 〈◊〉 Bishop 〈◊〉 â—…eâ—… wherefore this Archb. gaue commaundement to Iohn the Bishop of Carleil to consecarte the said Simon and in his ame to receyue of him hys othe of obedience which coÌ„maundement the sayd Bishop of Carleil did duely execute The King Queene this yeare in May went ouer into France Câ—… of Tâ—…
seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer had bin giuen to them at or since the last Parliament belonging aforetime to anye of those persons whome they had appealed and all other theyr Castels Manours Lordships lands possessions rentes seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer whiche they helde of the late kings gyft the day of the arrest of the sayd Duke of Gloucester or at any tyme after shoulde also remaine in the kings disposition from thenceforth and al letters patents and Charters which they or any of them had of the same names Castels Manours Lordships landes possessions and liberties should bee surrendred vp into the Chauncerie there to be cancelled Diuerse other things were enacted in this Parliament to the preiudice of those high estates to satisfie mennes myndes that were sore displeased with their doings in the late kings dayes as nowe it manifestly appeared The hatred which the coment had committed against the appell◅ for after it was vnderstoode that they should be no further punished than as before is mentioned great murmuring rose among the people agaynst the king the Archbishop of Canterburie the Earle of Northumberlande and other of the Counsaile for sauing the liues of men whome the commons reputed most wicked and not worthie in any wise to liue But the King thought it best rather with curtesie to reconcile them than by cutting them off by death to procure the hatred of theyr friendes and allyes which were many and of no small power After that the foresayde iudgement was declared with protestation by Sir William Thirning Iustice The Earle of Salisbury has request the Earle of Salisburie came and made request that he myght haue his protestation entred agaynste the Lorde Morley whiche Lorde Morley rysing vp from his seate sayde that so hee myght not haue bycause in hys firste aunswere he made no protestation and therefore he was past it nowe Sir Mathew Gourney The Earle prayed daye of aduisement but the Lorde Morley prayed that hee might lose his aduauntage sith he had not entred sufficient plea agaynst him Then sir Mathew Gourney sitting vnderneath the king said to the Earle of Salisburie that forsomuch as at the fyrst daye in your aunsweres yee made no protestation at all none is entred of recorde and so you are past that aduauntage and therfore asked him if he would say any other thing Then the Earle desired that he might put in mainprise which was graunted The erle of Salisbury mainprised and so the Erle of Kent sir Rauf Ferrers sir Iohn Roche sir Iohn Drayton knightes mainprised the sayd Erle bodie for bodie For the Lord Morley all the Lorde◅ and Barons offred to vndertake and to be sureties for him but yet four of them had their names entred that is to wit The L. Morlei mainprised the Lordes Willoughbie Beauchampe Scales and Berkley they had day till the Friday after to make theyr libell The Lord Fitz Walter After this came the Lorde Fitzwater and prayed to haue day and place to arraigne his appeale agaynste the Erle of Rutland The king sayde he woulde send for the Duke of Norffolke to returne home and then vpon his returne he sayde he woulde proceede in that matter Many statutes were established in this Parliament as well concerning the whole bodie of the common wealth as by the booke thereof imprinted maye appeare as also concerning diuerse priuate persons then presently liuing which partly we haue touched and partly for doubt to be ouer tedious The Archb. of Canterbury restored to his see we doe omit but this among other is not to be forgottē that the Archbishop of Canterburie was not onely restored to his former dignitie being remoued from it by king Richard who had procured one Roger Walden to be placed therein as before ye haue hearde but also the sayde Walden was established Byshop of London wherewith he seemed very well contented Tho. VVals Hall Moreouer the kings eldest sonne Henry alredie created as heyre to his father to the crown Prince of Wales duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester was also intituled Duke of Aquitaine to auoyde all tytles claymes and ambiguities there was an act made for the vniting of y e crown vnto king Henrie the fourth The crowne i◅iled and to the heyres of his bodie lawfully begotten his foure sonnes Henrie Thomas Iohn and Humfrey being named as to whom the right should discend successiuely by way of intaile in case where heyres fayled to any of them By force of this act king Hērie thought himselfe firmely set on a sure foundation not needing to feare any storme of aduerse fortune But yet shortly after he was put in danger to haue bene set besides the seate by a conspiracie begon in the Abbot of Westminsters house as after shall appeare The Scottes in time of the late Parliament taking occasion of the absence of the Northern Lords and also by reason of great mortalitie that afflicted the northren people that yeare The castel of wark taken by the Scots Sir Tho. Gray inuaded the borders tooke the Castel of Warke that was assigned to the safe keeping of sir Thomas Grey knight who then was at the Parliament as one of the knights of the shire by incanes of whose absence the enimies the sooner as is to be thought obteyned theyr desire and so kept that Castell a certaine time and finally spoyled it ouerthrew it to the ground Besides this they did many other mischiefes in the Countrey The death of the Duke of Norfolke to the vndoing of many of the kings subiects This yeare Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norffolke dyed in exile at Venice whose death might haue beene worthily bewayled of all the realme if he had not bene consenting to the death of the Duke of Gloucester The same yeare deceassed the duches of Glocester through sorrow as was thought The duches of Glocester deceaseth which she conceyued for the losse of hir sonne and heyre the Lorde Humfrey who being sent for forth of Ireland as before ye haue heard was taken with the pestilence and died by the way But now to speake of the conspiracie whiche was contriued by the Abbot of Westminster as chiefe Instrument thereof Ye shall vnderstande that this Abbot as it is reported vppon a tyme hearde king Henrie say when hee was but Earle of Darbie Nall and yong of yeares that Princes had too little and religious men too muche He therefore doubting nowe What moued the Abbot of Westminster to conspire against the K. least if the king continued long in the estate hee woulde remoue the greate beame that then grieued his eyes and pricked his conscience became an Instrument to search oute the mindes of the Nobilitie and to bring them to an assemble and counsaile where they myght cōsult and cōmen togither how to bring that to effect which they earneslly wished and desired that was the destruction of king Henry and the restoring of king
point that where hee had repented the way that he had entred yet woulde he goe forth in the same and since he had once begoonne he would stoutely go through And therefore to this wicked enterprise which he beleeued coulde not be voyded he bent himselfe and went through and determined that since the common mischiefe coulde not be amended he would turne it as much as he might to his owne commoditie Then it was agreed that the Protector should haue the Dukes ayde to make him king and that the Protectors onely lawfull sonne should mary the Dukes daughter and that the Protectour should graunt him the quiet possession of the erledome of Hertford which he claymed as his inheritaunce and could neuer obteyne it in king Edwardes tyme. Besides these requestes of the Duke the Protector of his owne minde promised him a greate quantitie of the kings treasure and of his householde stuffe And when they were thus at a point betwene themselues they went about to prepare for the coronation of the yong king as they wold haue it seme And that they might turne both the eies minds of men froÌ„ perceyuing of their drifts otherwhere the lords being sent for froÌ„ all partes of the Realme came thicke to that solemnitie But the Protectour and the Duke afâ—… that that they had sent the Lorde Cardinal the Archbishop of Yorke then Lorde Chauncellour the Bishop of Elie the Lorde Stanley and the lord Hastings then Lorde Chamberlaine with many other noble men to common and deuise aboute the coronation in one place as fast were they in another place contriuing the contrarie and to make the Protector King To which Councell albeit there were adhibited very few and they were secrete yet began there here and there aboute some maner of muttering among the people as though all should not long he well though they neyther wyste what they feared nor whefore were it that before such great things mens hearts of a secrete instinct of nature misgiue them As the sea without wind swelleth of himself sometime before a tempest or were it that some one man happily somewhat perceyuing â–ª filled many men with suspition though hee shewed fewe men what hee knew Howheit somewhat the dealing it self made men to muse on the matter though the Councell were close For by little and little all folke withdrewe from the Tower and drewe to Crosbies in Bishops gates street where the Protector kept his houshold The protectour had the resort the King in manner desolate While some for theyr businesse made sute to them that had the doing some were by theyr friendes secretely wanted that it might happily turne them to no good to bee too much attendante about the King wythout the Protectors appoyntment whiche remoued also diuerse of the princes olde seruants from him and set new about him Thus many things comming togyther partly by chance partly of purpose caused at length not common people onely that wound with the winde but wise men also and some Lordes â—…e to marke the matter and muse thereâ—… so farre forth that the Lorde Stanley that was after Earle of Darby wisely mistrusted it and sayde vnto the Lorde Hastings that he muche mislyked these two seuerall Councels For while wee â—…oth hee talke of one matter in the â—…a place little wote wee whereof they talke in the tother place My Lorde quoth the Lorde Hastâ—…gs on my life neuer doubt you for while one man is there which is neuer thence neâ—…er can there he thing once moued that shoulde sounde amisse towarde me but it shoulde hee in naâ—…e euery ere it were well out of their mouthes Caâ—…by This ment he by Catesby which was of hys neare secrete counsaile and whome he verie familiarly vsed and in his most weightieâ—… matters put no man in so special trust riche thing himselfe to no man so liefe fithe hee well wyst there was no man so muche to him beholden as was thys Catesbie which was a man well learned in the lawes of this lande and by the speciall honour of the Lorde Chamberlayne in good authoritie and much rule bare in all the Countie of Leycester where the Lorde Chamberleynes power chiefely laye But surely greate pitie was it y t hee had not had eyther more truth or lesse wit For his dissimulation onely kept all that mischiefe vp In whome if the Lorde Hastings hadde not put so speciall trust the Lorde Stanley and he had departed with dyuerse other Lordes and broken all the daunce for many yll signes that he sawe which he nowe construes all to the best So surely thought he that there coulde be none haâ—…e toward him in that Councell intended where Cateshie was And of truth the Protectour and the Duke of Buthingham made verie good semblaunce vnto the Lord Hastings and kept him much in companie And vndoubtedly the Protector loued him well and loth was to haue lost him sauing for feare least his lyfe shoulde haue quayled their purpose For which cause he mooued Catesbie to proue with some words cast out a farre off whether he coulde thinke it possible to win the Lorde Hastings vnto their part But Catesbie whether he assayed him or assayed him not reported vnto them that he found him so fast and heard him speake so terrible wordes that hee duest no further breake And of truth the Lorde Chamberlaine of verie trust shewed vnto Catesbie the distrust that other beganne to haue in the matter And therfore hee fearing least theyr motion mighte with the Lorde Hastings â—…nishe his credence where vnto onely all the matter leaned procured the Protector hastily to rid him And muche the rather for that he trusted by his death to obteyne muche of the rule that the Lorde Hastinges haâ—… in his Countrey the onely desire whereof was the allectiue that induced hym to bee partner and one speciall contriuer of all thys horrible treason Wherevpon soone after Thirtenth of Iune that is to wit on the Fryday the _____ day of _____ many Lordes assembled in the Tower and their sâ—…te in Councell dâ—…uishing the honourable solemnitie of the Kings Coronation of which the tyme appoynted then to neare approached that the paâ—…antes and subtiltyes to ere 〈◊〉 king daye and night at Westminster and much vytayle killed therefore that afterwarde was cast away These Lordes so sitting togither coâ—…ning of this matter the Protector came in amongst them first about .ix. of the clocke saluting them courteously and excusing himselfe that hee had beene from them so long saying merily 〈◊〉 had bene a sleeper that day And after a little talking with them he sayde vnto the Bishop of Elie My Lorde you haue very good Strawberies at your Garden in Holborne I require you let vs haue a messe of them Gladly my Lorde quoth he woulde God I had some better thing as readie to youre pleasure as that And therewith in all the haste hee sent hys seruant for a messe of Strawberies The Protectour set the Lordes fast in
it so highly that his Ambassade was deluded that for very anger and disdaine he at his returning assembled a great puissance against the king and came so fast vpon him or he could be able to resist that he was faine to voyd the realme The king fled and flee into Holland for succor where he remayned for the space of two yeares leauing his new wife in Westminster in Sanctuarie The place â—…e where she was deliuered of Edwarde the prince of whom we before haue spoken In which meane time the erle of Warwike toke out of prison King Hâ—…oâ—…e 〈◊〉 on set vp and set vp againe king Henry the sixt which was before by king Edwarde deposed and that much what by the power of the Earle of Warwike whiche was a wise man 〈◊〉 the Erle of Warwicke and a couragious warrior and of such strength what for his lands his alliance and fauour with all people that hee made kings and put downe kings almost at his pleasure and not impossible to haue atteyned it himselfe if he had not reckened it a greater thing to make a king than to be a king But nothing lasteth alway for in conclusion king Edwarde returned The Erle of Warwick 〈◊〉 and with much lesse number thaÌ„ he had at Barnet on the Easterday field fiue the rule of Warwike with many other great estates of that partie and so stably atteyned the crowne againe that he peacably enioyed it vntill his dying day and in such plight left it that it could not be lost but by the discorde of his verie friends or falsehoode of his fayned friends I haue rehearsed this businesse about this mariage somewhat the more at length bycause it might thereby the better appeare vppon how slipper a grounde the Protector buylded his colour by whiche he pretended king Edwards children to be bastards But that inuention simple as it was it like them to whoÌ„ it sufficed to haue somewhat to say while they were sure to be compelled to no larger proufe thaÌ„ themselfe lyst to make Now then as I began to shew you it was by the protector his counsaile concluded Doctor Shaes Sermon that this doctor Shaa should in a sermon at Paules crosse signifie to the people that neyther king Edward himselfe nor the Duke of Clarence were lawfully begotten nor were not the verie children of the duke of Yorke but gotten vnlawfully by other persons by aduoutrie of the duches their mother And that also dame Elizabeth Lucy was verily the wife of King Edwarde and so the Prince and all his children bastards that were begotten vpon the Queene Nowe was it before deuysed that in the speaking of these wordes the Protector shoulde haue comen in among the people to the Sermon warde to the ende that those wordes meeting with his presence might haue bene taken among the hearers as thoughe the holy ghost had put them in the preachers mouth and shoulde haue moued the people euen ther to crie king Richard king Richarde that it might haue beene after sayde that hee was specially chosen by God and in maner by myracle But this deuise quayled eyther by the Protectors negligence or the Preachers ouermuch diligence For while the Protectour founde by the way tarying least he should preuent those wordes and the Doctor fearing that he shoulde come ere hys Sermon coulde come to these wordes hasted his matter thereto he was come to them and paste them and entred into other matters ere the Protector came Whome when he behelde comming he sodainly left the matter with which he was in hande and without any deduction therevnto out of all order and out of all frame began to repeate those words againe this is the verye noble Prince the speciall patrone of knightly prowes whiche as well in all princely behauiour as in the liniaments fauor of his visage representeth the verie face of the noble duke of Yorke his father this is the fathers owne figure this his owne countenance y e very print of his visage the sure vndoubted Image the plaine expresse likenesse of the noble duke whose remembrance can neuer die while he liueth While these wordes were in speaking the Protector accoÌ„panied with the duke of Buckingham went through the people into the place where the doctors commonly stande in the vpper storie where he stood to hearken the sermon But the people were so farre fro crying king Richard Preacher that they stoode as they had beene turned into stones for wonder of this shameful Sermon After which once ended the Preacher gâ—… him home and neuer after durst looke out for shame but kept him out of sight like an Owle And when hee once asked one that had beene his olde friend what the people talked of him all were it that his owne conscience well shewed him that they talked no good yet when the tother answered him that there was in euery mannes mouth spoken of him muche shame it so stroke him to the heart that within few dayes after hee withered and consumed away Then on the Tuesday folowing this â—…on there came into the yeeld hal in London the duke of Buckingham accompanied with â—…e lords and knights me than happily knewe the message that they brought And there in the Eâ—… 〈◊〉 of the hal where the Maior kepeth the Hastings the Maior all the Aldermen being assembled aâ—… him all the coÌ„mons of the Citie gathered before them after silence coÌ„maunded vpon greate paine in the protectors name the duke stood vp and as he was neither vnlerned and of nature marâ—…ylously well spoken he sayd vnto the people with a cleare and a loude voyce in this maner of wise FRiends The Duke of Buckingâ—… Oraâ—… for the zeale and heartie fauour that we beare you we be comeÌ„ to break vnto you of a matter right great and weightie and no lesse weightie than pleasing to God and profitable to all the Realme nor to no part of the Realme more profitable than to you the Citizens of this noble Citie For why that thing that we wote wel ye haue long time lacked and fore loÌ„ged for that ye would haue giuen great good for that ye would haue gone farre to fetche that thing we be come hither to bring you without your labour paine cost aduenture or ieopardie What thing is that Certes the suretie of your owne bodies the quiet of your wiues and your daughters the safegarde of your goodes of all which things in times past ye stood euermore in doubt For who was there of you all that would recken himselfe lord of his owne good among so many grennes traps as was set therfore among so much pilling and polling among so many taxes and â—…allages of which there was neuer ende oftentimes no neede or if any were it rather grewe of ryot and vnreasonable wast than any necessary or honourable charge So that there was dayly pilled fro good men and honest great substance of goodes to be
both the Princes â—…age â—…ed And moreouer bycause they vnderstood that the marriage was broken betweene the Prince of Castile and the Lady Mary they desired y t the said Lady might be ioyned in mariage with y e french K. offering a great dower and sureties for y e same So muche was offered that the K. moued by his counsayle namely by the Bishop of Lincolne Wolsey consented vpon condition that if the French K. dyed then she should if it stood with hir pleasure returne into England againe with al hir dower riches 〈◊〉 conâ—…eâ—… After that they were accorded vppon a ful peace that the french K. should marrie thys yong Lady the indentures were drawen engrossed and sealed peace therevpon proclaimed the seuenth day of August the K. in presence of the french Ambassadors was sworne to keepe y e same likewise there was an Ambassade sente out of England to see the french King sweare y e same 〈◊〉 The dower that was assigned vnto the bride to be receiued after hir husbands deceasse if she suruiued him was named to be .32 crownes of yeerely reuennes to be receiued out of certain lands assigned forth therefore during all hir naturall life And moreouer it was further agreed and couenanted that the frenche K. should content pay yerely vnto K. Henry during y e space of fiue yeres the summe of one hundred thousand crownes By conclusion of this peace The Ladie Mary affyed to K. Lewes of Fraunce was the D. of Longuile with the other prisoners delyuered paying their raunsoms and the said D. affyed the Lady Mary in the name of his maister K. Lewes In September following the sayde Lady was conueyd to Douer by the K. hir brother and the Queene and on the seconde day of October she was shipped and suche as were appointed to giue their attendance on hir as the Duke of Norffolke the Marques Dorset the Bishop of Durham the Earle of Surrey the L. de la Ware the L. Berners the Lord Montaigle the four breethren of the said Marques sir Maurice Barkeley sir Iohn Peche sir William Sandes sir Tho. Bulleyne sir Iohn Car and many other knightes Esquiers Gentlemen and Ladyes They had not sailed past a quarter of the Sea but that the wind arose and seuered the shippes driuing some of them to Calais some into Flanders and hir shippe with great difficultie was brought to Bulleyne not without great ieoperdie at the entring of the hauen for the master ranne the ship hard on shore but the boates wer ready receiued y e Lady out of the ship sir Christopher Garnish stood in the water and toke hir in his armes so caried hir to land wher the D. of Vandosme a Cardinall with many other great estates receiued hir with great honor The mariage solemnized betwene the French king and the Lady Mary sister to King Henrye From Bullein with easie iourneys she was coÌ„ueid vnto Abuile and there entred the eyghth of October and the morrow following being MoÌ„day and S. Denise daye the mariage was solemnised betwixte the French King the sayde Lady with all honour ioy and royaltie When the feast was ended the English lords returned with great rewards back into EnglaÌ„d Before their departure from Abuile the Dolphin of France Francis Duke of Valoys caused a solemne Iustes to be proclaymed Solemne iustes proclaymed at Paris whyche should be kept at Paris in the moneth of NoueÌ„ber next ensuing the said Dolphin with his nine aydes to aunswere all commers being Gentlemen of name and armes When this Proclamation was reported in England by the noble men that returned from the marriage the D. of Suffolke the Marques Dorset and his four breethren the Lord ClintoÌ„ Sir Edwarde Neuill Sir Giles Capell Tho. Cheinie and other got licence of the K. to goe ouer to this chalenge and therevpon preparyng themselues for the purpose departed towarde Fraunce and did so much by iourney that they came to Paris about the later ende of October and were hartily welcome to the King Dolphin but most of al to the french Queene which then lay at S. Denise and was not yet crowned nor entred into Paris The Dolphin desired the Duke of Suffolke and the Lord Marques Dorset to be two of his immediate aydes which thereto gladly assented In the meane time whilest all thyngs were a preparing for the Iustes the fifth of Nouember The Coronation of the french Quene being Sonday the Queene was Crowned with greate solemnitie in the Monasterie of S. Denise And on the morrow following the sayde Q. was receyued into the Citie of Paris with all honour that might be deuised On y e seuenth day of October being Tewsday began the Iustes which coÌ„tinued the space of three dayes in the whiche were aunswered three hundred and fiue men of armes and euery man ranne fyue courses with sharp speares The Englishe Lordes and Knightes did as well as the best not only in the iustes but also at the iourney and barriers namely the Duke of Suffolke the Marques Dorset and his brother that worthy yong Gentleman the Lorde Edward Gray When all the greate triumph was done the Lordes of England tooke theyr leaue and were highly thanked of the king the Queene y e Dolphin and all the Lordes and so departed and came into England before Christmas In this meane time that is to saye in Nouember the Queene of Englande was deliuered of a Prince whych lyued not long after Richard Hun hanged in Lollards tower In December one Rychard Hun a merchaÌ„t Taylor of London that was layd in Lollardes Tower by commaundemente of the Byshop of London called Richarde Fitz Iames and hys Chancellor Doctor Horsey was founde dead hanging by the necke in a girdle of silke within the said Tower That ye may vnderstande the cause of his emprisonmente the beginning was this The same Hun had a child that dyed in his house being an infant the curate claymed y e bearing sheete for a mortuarie Hun aunswered y t the infant had no propertie in the sheete Whervpon the priest ascited him in the spiritual court He taking to him counsaile sued the Curate in a premunire and when this was knowen meanes was found that Hun beeing accused of Heresie was attached laid in Lollards tower wher he was founde dead as ye haue heard Muche adoe was made about his death for the Byshop the Chancellor said that he hanged himself but many of the temporalty affirmed that he was murthered greatly lamenting y e case for he was wel beloued namely of y e pore whiche cryed out against theÌ„ that were suspected to haue made him away He was a good almes man and greately relieued the needy The questioÌ„ of his death was so farre put forth that vpoÌ„ the suspitioÌ„ he should be murthered twelue men were charged before y e coroner After they had taken view of the body y e same was
Capitayne generall of all the horsemenne beyng in number sixe thousand Syr Raufe Sadler knight treasourer of the Armie Syr Francis Brian knight capitayne of the lyghte horsemenne in number two thousande Syr Raulfe Auane Knight lieutenant of all the men of arms and Dymulances Sir Thomas Dartye Knyght Capitaine of all the Kings Maiesties Pencioners and men at armes Sir Rycharde Let Knight deuiser of the fortifications Sir Peter Mewtas Knight Captayne of the Harquebusiers whyche were in number sixe hundred Sir Peter Gamboa knyght Captayne of two hundred harquebusiers on horsbacke Sir FraÌ„cis Flemmyng Knyght Mayster of the ordeynaunce Sir George Blaag and Sir Thomas Holcroft Commissioners of the musters Edwarde Shelley the Lorde Gryes lieuetenaunt of the men of armes of Bollongne who was the firste that gaue the onset in the day of battayle and dyed moste honourablye in the same Iohn Brenne Captayne of the Pioners beeing in number a thousande foure hundrethe Thomas Audeley and Edwarde Chamberlaine Harbengers of the fielde The chieftaynes that commaunded in the nauy by Sea were these THe Lorde Edwarde Clinton Admirall of the fleete Sir William Woodhouse knight his Vice admirall There were in the army of greate ordeinaunce fifteene peeces and of carriages nine hundred Cartes beside many wagons whereof the Commissarie generall was George Ferrers As soone as the armye by lande was in a readynesse and set forwarde to come to Berwycke at a daye appoynted the nauye likewise tooke the Sea and by the helpe of Gods good guydyng hadde so prosperous speede in their passage that they arryued at Berwycke in tyme conuenient whyther vpon the thirtiethe of Auguste being Tuesday the Lorde Protectour came and laye in the Castell with Sir Nicholas Strelley knight Captain there The nexte daye commaundement was giuen that euery man shuld prouide himselfe for foure dayes victuall to be caried forthe with them in Cartes On Thursedaye the firste of September the Lorde Protectoure not wyth manye mo than wyth hys owne hande of horsemen roade to a Towne standyng on the sea coaste a sixe miles from Berwicke within Scotlande called Aymouthe whereat there runneth a riuer into the Sea which he caused to bee sounded and findyng the same well able to lerne for an Hauen caused afterwards a fortresse to bee reised there appoyntyng Thomas Gower that was Marshall of Berwike to bee Capitayne thereof On Fridaye all sauing the counsell departed the Towne of Berwycke and encamped a twoo flight shootes off by the Sea side toward Scotlande And the same day the Lord Clinton with his fleete took the seas from Berwike to the ende that in case the Winde shoulde not serue them to keepe course wyth the Armye by lande yet were it but wyth the dryuâ—…ng of tides they might vppon any neede of munition or victualls be still at hand or not long from them The same daye the Earle of Warwycke and Sir Raulfe Saddeler Threasouter of the armye came to Berwicke from Newecastell where they had stayed till then for the full dispatch of the reste of the army and the next day the Erle of Warwike encamped in field with the army On whiche day a proclamation with sound of Trumpette was made by an Herraulte in three seuerall places of the camp signifying the cause of the comming of the Kynges armye at that presente into Scotlande A proclamation whyche in effect was iÌ„to aduertise all the Scottish nation that their comming was not to depriue them of their liberties but to aduaunce the mariage already concluded and agreed vppon betwixte the kings maiestie of England their Quene and no hostilitie ment to suche as should shew themselues furtherers therof The fourthe of September beeing Sundaye the Lorde Protectoure came from out of the Towne and the army reised and marched that daye a sixe miles and camped by a village called Rostan in the Barourie of Coukendale The order of their Marche was this The order of the armie in marching forvvarde Sir Frauncis Brian Capitayne of the light horsemen with foure hundreth of his hande tended to the skowte a mile or two before The carriages kept a long by the sea coast and the men at armes and Dimylances deuided into three troupes aunsweryng the three wards ridde in arraye directly agaynst the carriages a twoo flyghtshote a sunder from them The three foote battayles kepte order in place betwixte them bothe The fore warde foremoste the battaile in the middest and the rereward vndermost eche ward hauing his troup of horsemenne and garde of ordinaunce hys ayde of Pyoners for amendement of wayes where neede shoulde be The fifte of September they marched an 8. miles till they came to the peathes The Peathes a clough or Valley runnyng for a sixe myles Weaste strayght Eastewarde and towarde the Sea a twenty score brode from banke to banke aboue and a fiue score in the bottome wherein runnes a little Riuer Steepe is thys valley on either side and deepe in the bottome The Scots had caste Trenches ouerthwarte the side wayes on either side in many places to make the passage more cumbersome but by the Pioners the same were soone fylled and the waye made playne that the armye carriage and ordinaunce were quite sette ouer soone after Sunne sette and there they pight downe their campe Whylest the armye was thus passyng ouer this combersome passage an Herrauite was sente from the Lorde Protectoure to sommon a Castell that stood at the ende of the same valley a myle from the place where they passed downe towardes the Sea Matthewe Hume Capitaine thereof a brothers sonne of the lord Humes vppon his sommons required to speak with the Lorde Protectoure it was graunted and hee came whome the Protectoure handled in suche sorte wyth effectuall wordes puttyng hym in choice wheather hee woulde yeelde or stande to the aduenture to haue the place won of hym by force that hee was contented to render all at his graces pleasure And so beeing commaunded to goe fetche hys companye out of the house hee wente and broughte them beeyng in all one and twentye persones The Capitayne and sixe other were staied and commaunded to the keeping of the Marshall the residue were suffered to departe whither they thought good After this surrender my Lorde Iohn Grey brother to the Marques Dorset beeyng Capitayne of a greate number of Demylaunces as for hys approued woorthynesse valiancie right well hee mought was appoynted to seaze and take possession of the house The spoyle was not rithe sure but of white bread oten cakes and Scottishe aâ—…e indifferente good store and soone bestowed among my lords Souldiers for swordes burklers pikes pottes pannes yarne linnen hempe and heapes of such baggage whiche the Countrey people there about hadde broughte into that pile to haue it in more surety the Souldiers would vnneth stoupe to take the same vp The Castell of â—â—glasse oâ—â—rowen In the meane tyme the Lord Protector appoynted the house to be ouerthrowen whiche by the Captayne of
Croft and Sir George Howard returned from y e Queene regent after they had spente a long time in talke with hir Sunday the seuenth of Aprill a newe trenche was cast beside the cragge and thereon two peeces of ordinance planted The same day Sir Iames Croft Sir George Howard and Sir Henry Percy wente agayn vpon assurance to talke with the Queene Dowager Monday the eyght of Aprill the Frenchmen shot at the Englishe Camp very sore out of S. Nicholas Steeple Saint Nicholas Steeple where there were two greate peeces placed for to anoy them although they did no great hurt but the same nighte the Englishmen cast a trenche beyond the cragge and placed in the same trench certaine small peeces of artillerie which went off the next day against the enimies and they likewise shotte off agayne at the Englishmenne and so likewise on Wednesday the tenth of Aprill on which day Ordinance landed a great part of the carriages for the great ordinance and dyuers bullets for the same were landed and muche thereof remoued and brought to the innermost trenche Thursday the eleuenth of Aprill the greate ordinance was landed and two peeces thereof mounted into their carriages The twelfth of Aprill beeing good Friday Good Friday a bullet of a great peece of ordinance being shotte out of Lieth earely in the morning did light in the Camp and slew three men The same night they were answered againe with foure or fyue Canons and demy Canons Saterday was spente in warding the trenches and mounting the great artillerie Sunday the fourtenth of April being Easter day the Englishmen shotte off in the morning all their great ordinance and the Frenchmenne aunswered them agayne and so they continued most parte of that daye in shooting one at another The footemen also skirmished so that dyuers were hurt on both partes The same daye The pile of Blacknesse the pile of Blacknesse was surrendred to maister Winter vpon sight of the Canon There were within it eyghteene Frenchmē who were broughte away prisoners and the house deliuered to Maister Iames Hamelton The same day nyne Frenchmen apparelled like women ◅he French◅n womēs ◅parell came forthe of Lieth and counterf◅iting some like demeanor to y e apparel wherein they were disguised trayned one of the English skoutes within their daunger whom they tooke and chopped off his head which they sent vpon the toppe of one of their Church steeples Monday the .15 of Aprill about noone there issued out of Lieth a fiftie Horsemen ◅e Mon◅y and about fiue hundred harquebusiers who making to the new trenches The Frenchmen winne the trenche were vpon the Englishmen that warded in such wise vppon the suddayne before they could be brought into any order that so entring the trenches they slewe and wounded no small number and possessing the trēches awhile stopped and cloyed the touch holes of three peeces of the artillerie Maurice Barkley taken prisoner tooke master Maurice Barklry prisoner and his ensigne Brian Fitz Williams was fore wounded and a foule fright there was The alarme beeing brought to the Camp sir Iames Croft and other repaired towardes the trench with all expedition and perceiuing the Frēchmen to be masters of one of the trenches he called to Captayne Vaughan commaunding hym with his band to enter the trench and to relieue those that were hardly besette of the Frenchmen The Frenchmen repulsed This was done with great manhood shewed by the sayde Vaugham and others who entring the trench repulsed the enimies and slew ◅tr◅ne of them there in the trench Captayne Somerset and Captaine Reade with their bands followed them also as they retired and maister Arthur Grey with certayne of his demilances of whome he had the conduction suddaynely came vpon them and charging them with greate courage droue them into the Towne and made no small slaughter of them In whiche charge Maister Arthur Grey hurt maister Arthur Grey was shotte through the shoulder The greate artillerie in Lieth was not idle during this skirmish discharging to the number of an hundred shotte greately to the annoyance of the Englishe and vnderstaunce of the seruice which else myghte by them haue bin atchieued Thys nyghte the Englishmen drewe darke their ordinaunce whiche the Frenchmen hadde cloyed with nayles and Wyers in the touche holes but the same were planted agayne before day Moreouer oure pioners cast a newe trenche alongst by the olde Chappell Tewsday the sixtenth of Aprill A new supply commeth to the army a supplye of two thousand and two hundred footemen came to the Campe ouer whome were Captaynes Sir Andrewe Corbet Sir Rowland Stanley Sir Thomas Hesketh Sir Arthur Manwering Sir Laurence Smith maister Frauncis Tunstall maister Edwarde Littleton Captayne Caruell Philippe Sturley and Dauid Morris They were guarded with fyue hundred horsmen Sir Rause Sadler Sir Franncis Looke Sir Iohn Forster and sir Nicholas Strange hauing charge to set them safely conducted who after they hadde brought them past all daunger of entities left them in safetie by the way and were come a daye or two before them to the Campe. Wednesday the seuententh of Aprill it rayned sore the more parte of the day but yet the same nighte maister Winter caused dyuers of the shippe boates beeing very well manned to giue a greate alarme at the syde of the Towne towardes the water An alarme discharging many basses harquebuslers of croke into the Towne the alarme was very hote for the space of an houre During this busines there was a right pitifull one made by the women and children within the Towne The Pioners beeyng applyed in worke to make trenches Friday all daye at nyghte Ordinance planteo◅ they placed certayne peeces of the ordinaunce in the trenches beside the Chappell Saterday the twentith of Aprill many peeces were shotte off out of the trenches into the Towne There issued notwithstanding out of the gates an hundred shotte whyche placed themselues into wholes of the bankes to haylse suche of the Englishmenne as came forthe to offer the skirmishe All thys daye also the Pioners both Scottes and English were occupyed in makyng of a newe trenche neere to the Towne Sir Gerneys Clifton and Captaine Reade with their bands guarded them and two hundred launces The same daye the residue of the greate ordinance with armour was brought a land The Byshop of Valence Sunday the one and twentith of Aprill the Bishop of Valence named Monluc accompanyed with Sir Henry Percy and three hundred light Horsemen came to Lestericke the Lord Lieutenant Sir Iames Croft the Lord Scrape and Sir Raufe Sadler met him at the further ende of the ward that was set of purpose for his entring into the Camp After they had receyued him with salutations according to the manner he was conducted by Rouge crosse the officer of armes from the Camp vnto Edenburgh and so went vp to the Castell to conferre with the Queene Dowager Hee was no sooner
entred into the Castell but that there issued forthe of Lieth the number of two hundred Frenchmen aboute twelue of the clocke A skirmish and beganne a hote skirmishe whyche continued two houres at the whyche dyuers were slayne on both partes More ordinance planted The same night the Lorde Lieutenant caused nine peeces of the great ordinance to be planted in the new trench so that the next day being Monday the same peeces were shotte off verye earely directly towardes the Steeple of Sainte Anthonies Churche and although those peeces lay a quarter of a mile off the peeces of ordināce that lay in the same steeple were dismounted by them and likewise those that lay in the Steeple of S. Nicholas Churche at the whiche dyuers peeces were leuyed The enimies ordinance displaced and within sixe or seauen tire the peeces that lay in that Steeple were also displaced and a gunner slayne that stoode at one of them the peece and the Gunner commyng tumblyng downe both togyther In this Churche as was reported their store of vittayles and munition was layd so that baterie was made againste the same all that day and a greate peece of the Churche wall beaten downe and the Steeple defaced The Byshoppe of Valence after hee hadde talked with the Queene Dowager returned to commune with the Lordes of the congregation Tewsday the three and twentith of Aprill A fort reysed beeyng Saint Georges day the pioners Scottish and English were busily applyed in worke about the casting of trenches to make a forte and still the artillerie wente off agaynste the Towne Wednesday the foure and twentith of Aprill about three of the clocke in the after noone there issued out of Lieth seuenteene horsemen A skirmish who offered the skirmishe and vnder the place called little London where they were busy in fortifying all that day three or foure hundred of their shotte were placed ready to breake out if occasion serued at length certayne of the English launces gaue a charge vppon their horsemen who therewith retiring drewe the Englishmen within daunger of their shotte but although the Frenchmen that day shewed themselues very valiante in skirmishing euen in the face of the English artillerie The French repulsed yet beeing nowe egrely pursued by those launces they were forced to retire withoute anye greate hurte done to the Englishmen although the skirmishe continued neere hand two houres In this last charge yong maister Browne was hurt Thursdaye the fiue and twentith of Aprill the Pioners laboured sore for the most parte of the day in finishing the new fort named Mont Pellham to the guarde whereof Captayne Vaughan was appoynted gouernoure with twelue hundred souldyers This forte was reised on the South syde of the Towne the plotte wherof was cast square with foure bulwarkes at euery corner twelue battering peeces planted in places conuenient within the same During the tyme of thys skyrmishe there was great shooting off with the great ordinance on both sides and much hurt done as well to the English as French This day Captaine Perith and Captaine Hayes hauing charge of a troupe of lighte horsemen vnder sir Henrie Percie and the Lard of Grange were taken prisoners before Dunbarre and to the number of twentie or thirtie other were lykewise taken or slayne the same tyme. The same night also two thousande footemen with the Pioners were sent to the other side of the towne beyonde the Canon Mylles where the Pioners cast a trench for the safe lodging of the armie The armie remoueth from Lestericke to the red Brays which remoued the next day being Fryday and .xxvj. of Aprill from Lestericke downe into the valley by the sayde Canon Milles called the red brayes neare to the Riuer side on the South part of the towne of Lieth As the armie was thus remoouing from Lestericke towardes the sayde place called the red Brayes the Frenchmen within Lieth shotte off many of theyr great peeces of artillerie but without doing any great hurte As the army was encamping certaine of the enimies horsemen and footemen skirmished with the English Launces 〈◊〉 skirmish and light horsemen a long tyme there were two Frenchmen slain and their horses also In tyme of this skyrmish two Canons were conueyed and planted in the new trench which discharged diuerse shottes at the enimies Saterday the .xxvij. of Aprill The planting of the great artillerie the great Artillerie was planted aloft on the hill aboue the campe within lesse than a Curriers shot of the towne walles and the Pioners were set a worke to cast newe trenches from the place where the same ordināce was lodged vnto Montpelham drawing so neare vnto Lieth as the Harquebuse might reache them that watched and warded within the greene Bulwarke There issued out of Lieth vnder the west Bulwark certaine of the Frenchmen the which were chased into y e town by the Lord of Grange and other The French kept the same day a Trenche which they had made without the towne continually shooting at the Englishmen in the camp A trench won from the enimies but the same night the Englishmen wanne that trench from them slue diuerse of them therein togither with their skoute And this done they gaue a great alarme to the towne both by lande and water the shippe boates shooting off against the towne verie hotely and they within the towne likewise at the English men The same night was the great ordiance planted Great ordinance planted and maister Markham hurt Sunday the .xxviij. of Aprill the sayd great ordinance went off and shotte continually the more part of that day The Bishop of Valence departed the same day towards Berwike and this night sir George Howarde that had bene sent back to Barwik to signifie to the duke of Norffolk the estate of the siege returned with sir Richard Lee being conducted with fiue hundred horsmen Tuisday the last of Aprill was spent in shooting off the great Artillerie into the towne About fiue of the clocke in the after noone a sodaine fire was raysed within the towne which hugely increased and continued the most part of that night A fire in Lieth At the beginning when it first appeared the English Ordinaunce was shot off to the place where the fire was whiche shotte togither with helpe of the winde that was verie great at that present did marueilously augment the same fire yet neuerthelesse the French at that present time offered a skirmish and continued the same neare hand for the space of two houres manned theyr walles and made the best prouision they might for doubt of some assault It was in deed appoynted that certaine bandes should make an alarme to the Towne Captaine Vaughan insomuch that Captaine Vaughan with dyuerse of the souldiours of Montpelham entred the ditch and approching the Walles discouered the heigth of them and notwythstanding that the French did what they coulde to annoy them in the Ditches wyth Currier shotte yet
they were suddaynely arrested their goodes seased vppon and they themselues cast in prison and some that in reuenge of such offered iniurie attēpted to make resistance were cruelly slaine their Shippes conueyd away their goodes confiscate without other pretence but only that it was sayd to them that they were Huguenotes neyther was thys done by priuate persons but by open violence of the gouernours and magistrates of those places where the same disorder was executed so that it appeared from whence they had their commission to vse such wrongful dealing and how farre the same would extende if they might once haue time and occasion to accomplish their purposed intentions Moreouer when complaynt of such iniuries was made vnto the lawfull magistrates there they found no redresse at all For what might the poore Merchaunts profite by their complayntes when the packets of the Ambassadors letters directed to hir were taken from the bearer Letters taken from the Queenes Ambassadors seruantes and no punishmente had against those that committed so vnciuill an vn◅rage a thing that offended hir Maiestie so much the more for that as shee tooke the matter there wanted no good will eyther in the King or his mother or in the King of Nauarre the Kyngs generall Lieutenant to see such a presumptuous and vnruly part punished of their people but rather that there lacked in them authoritie to haue it redressed Furthermore it greately greeued hir that the yong frēch King hir deere brother was brought to suche a streighte that hee was neyther able to defend the libertie of his people nor the authoritie of his lawes nor to deale vprightly with other Princes and potentates accordingly as by the boundes of leagues and couenanted aliēces had bin requisite The French troubles touch most the Q of Englande Neyther did suche disorder in gouernemente of the Kingdome of Fraunce touche anye so muche and particularly as the Queenes Maiestie of England She therefore lamenting that the King and Queene mother shoulde be thus in the hands of them that procured all these troubles and ledde vp and downe at their pleasures and driuen to behold the spoyle and sacking of diuers hys Cities and miserable slaughter of his subiects and againe hir grace thinking it expedient to preuent that such as were knowen to beare no good will eyther to hir or hir Realme The chiefe causes that moued the Queenes Maiestie to send a power into Fraunce should not get into their possessions such Townes and hauens as lay against y e Sea coastes of hir said Realm whereby they stuffing the same with garrisons and numbers of men of warre might easily vppon occasions seeke to make inuasions into this hir sayd Realme to the great annoyance of hir and hir louing subiectes shee at the request of the French themselues thought it expedient to put in armoure a certaine number of hir subiects to passe ouer into Normandy vnto suche Hauens as neere approched to thys hir Realme of Englande as well for the safegarde of the same as also for the reliefe and preseruation of the inhabitantes there and other that professed the Gospell liuing in continuall daunger to be murthered and oppressed and therefore crauing hyr ayde to saue and deliuer them out of the bloudy hands of their cruell aduersaries that sought their hastie destruction For the conduction therefore of suche forces as she meante to sende ouer at that present shee ordeyned the Lorde Ambrose Dudley Earle of Warwike to be hir principal Lieutenant Captaine generall chiefe leader and gouernoure of hir sayde subiects that shoulde in such wise passe ouer into Normandy Herevpon the sayd Earle The Earle of Warwike sent into Normandy with an armye the seuententh of October in this fourth yeare of hir Maiesties raigne toke shipping at Portesmouth in the hauen there at one of the clocke in the after noone being aboorde himselfe in the Queenes Shippe called the newe barke and setting forward sayled all that after noone and the night following directly towards Newhauen but in the morning about eyght of the clocke when his Lordship was within twentie myles of the Towne of Newhauen the winde suddainely changed cleane contrary to hys course so that being driuen to returne about the next midnight he arriued in the downes and there remayned at anker till about eyght of the clocke in y e next morning being Monday and then was set a sande by boate at Sandon Castell besides Deale and the same day at night came to Douer and there lay till Friday three of the clocke in the after noone and then taking Shippe agayne sayled forth but finding the winde nothing prosperous for his course after he had layne all that nyghte and day following tossing and tumbling on the Seas he was cōstreyned to come backe againe and arriued in the Hauen of Douer about tenne of the clocke on Saterday at nyghte and so remayned there till Tewsday next ensuing three of the clocke in the after noone and then went to Shipbord againe in the sayd Shippe called the new barke and directing his course forward on Thursdaye morning aboute eight of the clocke his Lordshippe landed at Newhauen The Earle of Warwike landeth at Newhauen where he was most ioyfully receyued with a greate peale of artillerie The nexteday being Friday and thirtith of October Light horsemen Scottes ther came to Newhauē from Dieppe fiftie light Horsemen Scottes broughte by one of maister Killigrues seruauntes On Saterday the last of October the Earle of Warwikes commission was proclaymed in Latine English and French by Bleumantell Purciuant at armes whiche beeing ended hys Lordship went into the Churche and there Sir Adrian Poynings An oth receyued by the Lord Lieutenant and other officers Knight Marshall gaue him his oth and then my Lorde gaue the sayde Sir Adrian his othe and after him were sworne Cutbert Vaughan Comptroller Iohn Fisher Knight porter William Bromfield maister of the ordināce William Robinson water Bailife and Captayne Thomas Wood Clearke of the Counsell On Monday the seconde of Nouember the Earle of Warwike with the Knight Marshall and the Comptroller rode out of Newhauen to Hauteuille so towards Moundeuille accompanyed with all the Horsemen Englishe and Scottish and a thousand footemen The Scottishmen and Montgomeries band passed forth A skirmishe and skirmished with them of Mondeuille and the Scottes brought away with thē a booty of three hundred Sheepe but in the morning they were returned backe agayne by commaundement of the Earle of Warwike Maister Comptrollers Souldyers wente as farre as Harflew and there skirmished with thē of that garrison but without any hurt to eyther parte My Lorde Lieutenante riding all about the hilles viewed the Countrey and at nighte returned On Wednesday the fourth of Nouember A prise a barke of Newhauen belonging to Frauncis Clearke broughte into the Hauen of the same Towne foure Britons laden with wines to the quantitie of two hundred tunnes of good Gascoigne wine whiche they
bowels are cut from their bodies and throwne into a fire prouided neare hand and within sight euen for the same purpose Sometimes if the trespasse be not the more hainous they are suffred to hang til they be quite dead and when so euer any of the Nobilitie are conuicted of high treason this maner of their death is coÌ„uerted into the losse of their heads onely notwithstanding that the sentence doe runne after the former order In triall of cases coÌ„cerning treason fellonie or any other gréeuous cryme the partie accused doth yelde yf he be a noble man to be tryed by his Péeres if a gentleman by gentlemen and an inferiour by God and by the countrie and being condemned of fellonie manslaughter c. he is eftsoones hanged by the necke til he be dead and then cut downe and buryed But yf he be conuicted of wilfull murder he is eyther hanged aliue in chaynes néere the place where the facte was commytted or else first strangeled with a rope and so continueth till his bones consume to nothing We haue vse neither of the whéele nor of y e barre as in other countries but when wilfull manslaughter is perpetrated beside hanging the Offendour hath his right hande commonly stricken of at the place where the acte was done after which he is led foorth to the place of execution there put to death according to the law Vnder the worde fellonie are manie grieuous crimes contained as breche of pryson An. 1. of Edward the second Disfigurers of y e Princes lege people An. 5. of Henry the fourth Hunting by nyght wyth painted faces and Visours An. 1. of Henry the seuenth Rape or stealing of women and maydens An. 3. of Henry the eight Conspiracy against the person of the Prince An. 3. of Henry the seauenth Embefilling of goodes committed by the maister to the seruaunt aboue the value of fourtie shillings An. 17. of Henry the eyght Carying of horses or mares into Scotland An. 23. of Henry the eyght Sodomy and Buggery An 25. of Henrye the eyght Stealing of Hawkes egges An. 31. of Henry the eyght CoÌ„suring sorcerie Witchcrafte and digging vp of Crosses An. 33. of Henry the eyght Prophecying vpoÌ„ armes cognisaunces names and badges An. 33. of Henry y e eyght Casting of slanderous billes An. 37. of Henry y e eyght Wilfull killing by poyson An. 1. of Edward y e sixt Departure of a soldier froÌ„ the field An. 2. of Edward y e sixt Diminution of câ—…yâ—… al offences within casâ—… premunire embeseling of recordes goodes taken froÌ„ dead men by their seruaunts stealing of whatsoeuer cattell robbing by the high way vpon the sea or of dwelling houses letting out of pondes cutting of purses stealing of Déere by night counterfectous 〈◊〉 coyne â–ª euidences charters and writings diuers other néedlesse to be remembred Periury is punished by the pillorie burning in the forehead w t the letter P. and losse of all y e mooueables Many trespasses also are punished by y e cutting of one or both eares from the heade of the offendour as the vtteraunce of sedicious words against the maiestrates fraymakers pettie robbers c. Roges are burned thorow the eares caryers of shéepe out of the land by the losse of their haÌ„ds such as kill by poyson are eyther skalded to death in lead or séething water Heretiks are burned quicke harlottes their mates by carting ducking and dooing of open pennaunce are often put to rebuke Such as kill theÌ„selues are buryed in the fielde with a stake driuen thorow their bodies Witches are hanged or sometymes burned but théeues are haÌ„ged euery where generally sauing in Halifax where they are beheaded after a straÌ„ge maner wherof I find this report There is hath ben of ancient tyme a law or rather a custome at Halifax that whosoeuer doth coÌ„mit any fellony and is taken with the same or confesse the facte vpon examination yf it by valued by fower counstables to amount to the somme of thirtéene pence halfe peny he is forthw t beheaded vpon the next market day which fall vsually vppon the tuesdayes thursdayes and saterdayes or else vpon the same day y t he is so conuicted yf market be then holdeÌ„ The engine wherw t the execution is done is a square blocke of wood of the length of foure foote and an halfe which doeth ryde vp and downe in a slot rabet or regall betwéene twoo péeces of timber that are framed and set vpright of fiue yards in height In the neather ende of the slyding blocke is an Axe keyed or fastened wyth Iron into the wood which being drawne vp to the top of the frame is there fastned with a woodden pinne the one ende set on a péece of woodde which goeth crosse ouer y e two rabets the other ende being let into the blocke holding the Axe with a notche made into the same after the maner of a Sampsons post vnto the middest of which pinne there is a long rope fastened that commeth downe among the people so that when the offendour hath made his confession and hath layde his neck ouer the neathermost blocke euery man there present doth eyther take hold of y e rope or putteth foorth his arme so néere to y e same as he can get in token that he is willing to sée true iustice executed and pulling out the pinne in this maner y e head blocke wherin the axe is fastened doth fall downe wyth such a violence that yf the necke of the transgressour were so bigge as that of a bull it should be cut in sunder at a strocke and roll from the bodie by an huge distaunce If it be so that the offendour be apprehended for an oxe or oxeÌ„ shéepe kine horse or any such cattell the selfe Beast or other of the same kinde haue the ende of the rope tyed somewhere vnto them so that they drawe out the pin whereby the offendour is executed And thus much of Halifax law which I set down onely to shew the custome of that country in this behalfe Roges and vagabondes are often stocked and whipped scoldes are ducked vpon cuckingstooles in the water Such fellons as stand mute and speake not at their arraynement are pressed to death by huge weightes and these commonly holde theyr peace thereby to saue their goodes vnto their wyues and children which yf they were condemned shoulde be confiscated to the prince Théeues that are saued by their bookes and cleargie are burned in the left hande vppon the brawne of the thombe with an hote IroÌ„ so that yf they be apprehended agayne that marke bewrayeth them to haue béene arrayned of fellonie before whereby they are sure at that time to haue no mercy I do not read that this custome of sauing by the booke is vsed any where else then in Englande neyther doe I finde after much diligent inquiry what Saxon Prince ordayned that lawe Howbeit this I generally gather therof that it was deuised at the first to traine the inhabiters
tertia lucis Est dominus sanguis sex inde sequeÌ„tibê° horis Est dominans châ—…lera dum lucis nona sit hora Post niger humid inest donec sit tertia noctis Posthaec phlegma venit donec sit nona quietis In English thus in effect Three houres ere sun do rise so many after Blud FroÌ„ 9. to 3. at after none hot choler beares the sway Euen so to 9. at night swart Choler hath to rule As Phlegme from thence to 3. at morne 6. houres eache one I say â—…ght In like sort for the nyght we haue none other partes then the twylight darkenyght midnight and cockes crowing Wheras the Latines diuide the same into .7 partes as Vesper the Euening which is immediately after the setting of the Sunne Crepusculum the twylight when it is betwéene day and night lyght and darknesse or properly neyther day nor night Conticirium the still of the nyght when each one is layd to rest Intempestâ—â— the 〈◊〉 or dead of the night when 〈◊〉 in theyr first or dead sléepe Gallicinium the â—…châ—…sâ—… râ—…wing Matutinum the breache of the day and Diliculum siue aurora the ruddy orenge golden or shining coloure séene immediately before the rising of the Sunne Other there are whych doe recken by watches diuiding the nyght into 4. equal partes Of whych the first beginneth at Euening watche called the first watch and continueth by 3. vnequall â—â—ras and so forth vntill the ende of the nynth hâ—…e wherat the fourth watch entreth whych is called the morning watch because it partly concurreth with y e morning breache of the day before the rising of the Sunne Houre As for the originall of the worde houre it is very auncient but yet not so olde as that of the watch whych was deuised first among souldiers for theyr better safegarde and chaunge of watchmen in theyr campes the lyke whereof is almost vsed among our seafaring men â–ª whych they call clearing of the gâ—…affe and performed from time to time wyth great héede and some solemnitie Certesse the worde Hora among the Grecians signified so well the 4. quarters of the yeare as the 24. part of y e day but what stand I vpon these things to let my purpose stay To procéede therefore wéeke Of naturall dayes is the wéeke compacted which consisteth of 7. of them The first entreth with Monday wherby it commeth to passe that we rest vpon the Sunday whych is the 7. in number as almighty God hath commaunded in his word The Iewes begin theyr weke vpon our Saterday at the setting of the Sunne and the Turkes with the Saterday wherby it commeth to passe that as the Iewes make our last day the first of theyr wéeke so the Turks make the Iewish Sabaoth the beginning of theyr Hebdoma because Mahomet theyr prophet as they say was borne dead vpoÌ„ y e friday so he was in dede except their AlcharoÌ„ deceaue me The Iewes doe recken theyr dayes by theyr distance from theyr sabaoth so that the first day of theyr wéeke is the first day of the sabaoth and so forth vnto the sixte The Latines accompted theyr dayes after the 7. Planets chosing the same for the denominator of the daye that entreth hys regiment wyth the first vnequall houre of the same after the Sunne be risen Howbeit as thys order is not wholly reteined wyth vs so the vse of the same is not yet altogither abolyshed as may appeare by our Sonday Monday and Saturday The rest were chaÌ„ged by the Saxons who in remembrance of Woden Othâ—…n or Oden Theâ—… tsometime theyr prince called the second day of y e wéeke Thewesday the iij. day Wodensdach Lykewise of Thor they called the iiij day Thorsdach and of Frea wyfe to Woden the v. was named Freadach Albeit there are and not amisse as I thinke that suppose them to meane by Thor Iupiter by Woden Mercury by Frea Venus and finally by Theut Mars which if it be so then it is an easie mater to find out the Germaine Mars Venus Mercury and Iupiter wherof you may read more héereafter in my Chronologie The truth is that Frea had 7. sonnes by Woden as Woden the first father to Wecca of whome desceÌ„ded those that were afterwards kings of Kent Fethelgeta was the seconde and of hym came the kings of Mertia Balday 3. father to the kings of the WestsaxoÌ„s Beldagius 4. parent to the kings of Brennicia or Northumberland Weogodach 5. author of the kings of Deyra Caser 6. rote of the Estangle race and Nascad originall burgeaunt of the kings of Essex As for the kings of Sussex although they were of the same people yet were they not of the same streigne as our old monuments do expresse But to procéede Of wéekes our monethes are made whych are so called of the Moone each one conteing 28. dayes or 4. wéekes wythout any further curiosity For we reckeÌ„ not our time by the yeare of the Moone as the Iewes Grecians or Romains did at the first or as the Turks Arabians Persians do now neyther any parcell therof by y e sayd part as they do in y e West Indies wher they haue neither weke moneth nor yere but only a general accouÌ„t of hundreds thousands of Moones wherfore if we say or wryte a moneth it is to be expounded of 28. dayes or 4. wéekes only Or if you take it at large for a moneth of the common Kalender whych neuerthelesse in plées and sutes is nothyng at all allowed of sith the Moone maketh hir ful reuolutioÌ„ in 28. dayes that is vnto the place where she left the Sunne notwythstanding that he be now gone and at hir returne not to be found where shée departed from hym In olde time eche Moneth of the Romaine Calender was reconed after the course of y e Moone and theyr entraunces were incertaine as were also the changes of that Planet But after Iulius Caesar had once corrected the same the seuerall beginninges of euerye one of them dyd not onely remayne fyxed but also the olde order in the deuision of their partes continued still vnaltered so that the Moneth is yet deuided as before iâ—… Calendes Ides and Nones albeit that â—…mydaies the vse of the same be but small their order retained only in our Calenders for the better vnderstanding of such tymes as the historiographers and olde authors do remember The reconing also of ech of theâ—… goeth as you sée after a preposterous order whereby the Romaynes dyd rather now howe many daies were to the next chaunge from the precedent then contraywyse as bâ—… perusall of y e same you shall more easily perceyue The daies also of the change of y e Moneth of y e Moone called are Callendae which in time of Paganisme were consecrated by Iuno sacrifice made to that goddesse on y e same On these daies also and on y e Ides an Nones they would not marye Likewise the morow after eche of theÌ„ were
called dies Acri blacke daies as some bookes doe yet remember The word Calendae in Gréeke Neomenia is deriued of the worde Calo to call for vpon the first daye of euery Moneth the Priest vsed to call the people of the Citie country togither and shewe them by a custome howe many daies were from the saide Calendes to the Nones and what feasts were to be celebrated betwéene that and the nexte chaunge The Nones commonly are not aboue 4. or 6. in euery Moneth and so long as the Nones lasted so long did the Mercates continue therfore they were called Nones quasi Nundinae In them also were neyther Hollydayes more then at thys present except y e day of the Purification of our Lady nor sacrifice offred to the gods but each one applied hys businesse and kept hys market reckening the first day after the Calends or chauÌ„ge to be the 4. or 6. day before the faire ended Some thinke that they were called Nonae of the word Non quia in ijsdem dij non coluntur or as Ouide sayeth Nonarum tutela deo caret But howsoeuer it be sure it is that they were y e mart dayes of euery moneth wherein the people bought solde and dyd nothing else The Idus are so named of the Hethruscien word Iduare to deuide and before that Cesar altered the Calender they deuided the moneth commonly by the myddest But afterward when he had added certaine dayes thereto thereby to make it agrée wyth the yeare of the sunne whych he intruded about the ende of euerye moneth because he woulde not alter the celebration of theyr vsuall Feastes then came they shorte of the myddest sometime by two or thrée daies In these theefore which alwaies are eyght the Marchauntes had laysure to packe vp and conueigh them marchaundise to paye their creditors and make merry with their friendes After the Idus do the Calendes followe but in a decreasing order as the Moone doth in light when shée is past the full But herein lyeth all the mysterie if you can saye so many dayes before the next chaunge or newe Moone as the number there expressed doth betoken As for 16. cal so many dayes before the next coniunctioÌ„ c. Of these Calendes I meane touching their number in euery Moneth I fynde these verses insuing Ianus Augustus denas nouemque DeceÌ„ber Iunius Aprilis SepteÌ„ber ipse Nouember Ter senas retinent Februus bis Oeto. CaleÌ„das Iulius October Mars Mains Epadecemque In Englishe thus December Ian and August moneth full nyneteene Calendes haue September Iune Nouember and Aprill twyse nine desire Syxteene foule Februarie hath no more can he well craue October Maye and Iuly hote but seauenteene doe require In lyke maner of nones and Ides Sex maius Nonas October Iulius Mars Quatuor at reliqui dabit Idus quilibet octo To Iuly March October May sixe nones I hight The rest but 4 as for your Ides they aske but eight Agayne touching the number of dayes in euery moneth Iunius Aprilis Septemque Nouemque tricenos vnuÌ„ plus reliqui Februê° tenet octo vicenos At si bissextus fuerit super additur vnus Thirty dayes hath Nouember Aprill Iune and September Twentie and eyght hath February alone and all the rest thirty and one But in the leape you must adde one â—…re Our yeare is accounted after the course of the sunne and although the church hath some vse of that of the Moone for the obseruation of certaine mooueable feastes yet it is reducted to that of the Sunne which in our ciuile dealinges is chiefly had in vse Herein onely I finde a scruple that the beginning thereof is not vniforme and certaine for our recordes beare Date the 25. of March and our Calenders of the first of Ianuary Our sundrie officers also haue sundrie enteraunces into their charges of custome which bréedeth great confusion whereas if all these might be referred to one originall and that to be the first of Ianuarie I do not thincke but there would be more certaintie and lesse trouble for our historiographers and offices in their account of the yeare Furthermore whereas our intercalation for the Leape yeare is somewhat to much by certayne minutes which in 309. yeares do amount vnto an whole day yf one intercalation in â—…o many were oâ—â—â—ted our Calender would be the more perfite I woulde wish that the same yeare wherein the saide intercalation should be ouerpassed might be called Annus magnus Elizabethae in perpetual remembrance of our noble and soueraign princesse â–ª Certes the next 〈◊〉 is to be performed yf all Princes woulde agree thereto in the Leape yeare that shall be about the yeare of grace 1700. If it shall please God that the worlde may last so long Aboue the yeare we haue no mo partes of Time that cary any seuerall names with them except you will affirme the worde age to be one which is taken for 100 yeares signifieth in Englishe so much as Seculum or Euum doth in latine whereof this may suffice But to conclude withal you shall haue a table of the names of the dayes of the wéeke after the olde Saxon and Scottish maner which I haue borowed from amongest our auncient wryters The present names Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Fryday Saterday Sunday The olde Saxon names Monendeg Tuesdeg Wodnesdeg Thunresdeg Firgesdeg Saterdeg Sunnandeg The Scottish vsage Diu Luna Diu Mart. Diu Yath. Diu Ethamon Diu Friach Diu Satur. Diu Serol Of the maner of measuring the length and bredth of things after the English vsage Cap. 22. THe first and smallest of our measures is the Barly corne whereof thrée being taken out of the middest of the ere well dried and layde endewardes one to another are sayde to make an ynche Inche which the Latines measure after the bredth of the thombe and therfore of some is called Pollicare although the true name thereof be Vncia as I haue often reade Finger bredth That which they call Digitus or the finger bredth is not in vse with vs yet is it the sixtenth part of theyr foote as the inche is the twelfth of ours Palme Each palme or hand bredth coÌ„taineth also foure of theyr fingers as by the figure héere insuing may easily be perceyued whych I haue set downe onely to the ende that who so listeth may beholde the diuersity not onely betwéene the Romaine measure ours but also of their owne standard which hath chaunged oft among them The fourth was fouÌ„de long since by Leonardê° de Portis in a Garden at Rome belongyng to Angelus Colotius The fift is the halfe foote of Paris diuyded by the ynche and yet equall to y e Romaine standerd described by Budeus The last showeth the the quantitie of their Palme whereof their foote hath foure and eche Palme conteyneth 4. fingers as I haue saide already By this Tablet also as you may sée howe eche standerde excéedeth or commeth shorte of other Wherefore it
The charter conteyning the articles couenants and agreementes of this mariage league aboue mencioned beareth date at Paris the .23 day of October in the yeare of our Lorde .1295 1295. And the letters procuratorie made by king Iohn vnto the said bishop of Saint Androws and the other his associates bare date at Striueling the third Nonas of Iuly the same yeare Shortly herevpon king Iohn was aduertised that king Edwarde purposed to come and besiege Barwike The gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian sent to Barwike to defēd it against the Englishmen wherfore by aduise of his nobles he sent the most parte of all the lordes and gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian vnto Barwike to defende the towne against the enimie if he came to besiege it The Englishmenne came not onely with a myghtie power by lande but also wyth a greate nanye by sea towardes the saide towne of Barwyke Englishe ships taken at Barwike Of whose commyng the Scottes being aduertised came foorth againste those that approched by sea tooke .xvij. of their shippes and chased awaye the residue King Edwarde rather prouoked than feared with this misaduenture came with a far greater puissance than before to renewe the siege Barwike besieged but when he perceyued his purpose tooke not so spedy effect as he hoped it shoulde haue done he deuised howe to take this towne by some slightefull policie Herevpon he fayned as though he wold haue broken vp his siege so reysing his camp The policie of king Edwarde to winne Barwike withdrew a little from the towne and then hauing prouided baners and ensignes resembling altogither such as diuers noble men in Scotland vsed he sodeynly returned towards the towne euery one of his soldiors wearing a crosse of saint Androws aboue on their harneis after the maner of the Scottishmen There were also sente before vnto the towne certayne Scottes that serued the kyng of England whiche gaue knowledge to the capitaynes within the towne that their lord king Iohn was comming with his armie to their succours The Scottes that were within the towne beleeuing it had bin most true set open the gates and came forth against their king as they supposed to haue receyued him with all ioye and gladnesse The Scots deceyued and entrapped But when they came nere vnto the Englishmen they perceyued both by their language and habite what they were but this was not before the Englishmen were harde at the gates so that when the Scottishmen would haue fledde backe to haue got into the towne agayne the English men pursued them so faste at the heeles that they entred the gates with them The crueltie of the Englishmen so tooke the towne with great slaughter as well of the souldiours and men of warre as also of women children aged persons Barwike is 〈◊〉 without all ruth or compassion so that they lefte not one creature alyue of the Scottishe bloud within all that towne 30. of Marche being good Friday Anno 1295. H. B. Thus was Barwike wonne the .xxx. day of Marche in the yere .1296 Suche abundance of bloud was spilled thorough all partes of the towne as the Scottishe Chronicles testifie that where at a falling tyde the water was not able to dryue aboute the milnes The abundāce of bloud spilled some of the same mylnes yet Streames augmented with bloud were nowe at a lowe water set on gate by reason the streames were so hugely augmented with bloud There were slayne aboue .vij. thousand persons that day with the greatest parte of all the nobles and gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian The Erles of March and Menteth with lxx knightes fled to the castell of Dunbar but they were besieged so straightly by the Englishe power The castel of Dunbar rēdred to K. Edward enuironning the Castell on eche side that in the end they were constrayned for lack of victuals to yelde themselues to king Edwarde on condition to haue their lyues saued which couenant was not obserued as the Scottishe wryters affirme for king Edwarde hauing got thē into his handes caused them foorthwyth to bee put to death Robert Bruce occasion of the ouerthrowe of Scottes at Dunbar It was reported that Robert Bruce vpon secrete conference had with king Edwarde before this battaile at Dunbar solicited all his frends in the Scottishe armie to flee vpon the first ioyning whiche the residue perceyuing were so discomforted that incontinently they threw away both armour and weapon and so were vanquiquished without resistance Robert Bruce submitteth himselfe to K. Edwarde Trouth it is that after this victorie Robert Bruce submitted himselfe vnto king Edwarde requiring him to performe his promise touching the right whiche he had to the crowne of Scotland howbeit he receyued no answere to his lyking touching that request for king Edwarde had no lesse desire to enioy the kingdom of Scotland than Bruce as the Scottishe writers affirme Therfore to cast off Robert Bruce concerning his demaunde he answered thus as is sayd Beleeuest thou that we haue nothing else a doe but to conquere realmes The answere of king Edwarde to Robert Bruce and to delyuer them ouer againe vnto thee Roberte Bruce hereby perceyuing the suttle meaning of king Edwarde returned righte sorowfull vnto his landes in Englande hauyng great indignation in his mynde that he had obeyde king Edwards requests but yet considered with himself that he must suffer for the time tyll occasion serued to reuenge the iniuries receiued whiche he mynded to doe The castels of Edenburgh Striueling wonne and that in moste cruell maner as afterwardes it will appeare King Edwarde after he had thus wonne the castell of Dunbar got lykewise both the castels of Edenburgh and Striueling King Iohn driuen into the castell of Forfaire pursued king Iohn till he had constrayned him to take for his refuge the castell of Forfair Herewith Iohn Cumyn lorde of Strabogy came to kyng Edwarde and was sworne his liege man Shortly after by a politik practise of the same Iohn Cumyn king Iohn with his son Edward Ballyol came to Mountros where perceyuyng himselfe vnwysely fallen into the hands of king Edward through feare of death which he doubted by reason of the menacing wordes of king Edward Iohn Ballyol king of Scotland resigneth all his right to king Edward he suffred himself to be spoyled of al his kingly abilunents and with a white wande in his hande as the maner is presented himself before king Edward resigning there vnto him all the right and title which he had to the crowne of Scotland vtterly renouncing the same both for him and his heires for euer Hereof was a charter also made in most sufficient wyse A chartour confirmed with the hande and seale of king Iohn and other the nobles of Scotland substancially as might bee deuised bearing date the fourth yeare of his reigne Homage of the barons of Scotland to king Edward
sée many fayre garmentes marde in the makyng It is true And if any be desirous to know my mynd herein I suppose according to my simple iudgement The Bernacle neyther fishe nor flesh vnder the correction of both parties that y e Bernacle is neither fishe nor fleshe but rather a meane betwene both As put the case it were enacted by parliament that it wer high treason to eate flesh on Friday and fish on Sonday Truely I think that he that cateth Bernacles both these dayes should not be within the compasse of the estatute yet I would not wish my frend to hazard it least the Bernacle should be found in law fishe or fleshe yen and perhaps fishe and flesh As when the Lyon king of beastes made proclamation that all horned beastes should auoyde his courte one beast hauing but a bunche of fleshe in hys forehead departed with the reasâ—… least it had bene founde in law that his bunche were an horne But some wyll peraduenture meruaile that there should be any liuyng thyng that were not fishe nor fleshe But they haue no such cause at all Neates fleshe wormes bées butterflies caterpillers snailes grassehoppers béetels earewicks reremise frogs wades addors snakes and such other are liuyng thinges and yet they are neither fishe nor flesh nor yet red hering As they that are trayned in scholasticall poyntes may easily iudge And so I thinke that if any were so sharpe set the estatute aboue rehersed presupposed as to eate fryed flies butterd bées stued snailes either on Friday or sonday he could not be therefore endited of hauâ—…e treason albeit I would not be his guest vnlesse I toke his table to be furnishâ—… with more wholsome and sleopus diaund The sell whether it be fishe or flesh Thom. p. 1. a 71. a 1.0.3.0 The like question may be mooued of the sell and if it were well canuassed it would be found at the least wyse a moote case But thus farre of Bernacles Irelande is stored of Cowes of excellent horses of hawkes of fishe and of foule They are not without woolues and grayhoundes to hâ—…ue them bigger of bone and limme then a colt Their cowes as also y e rest of their cattaile and commonly what â—…e so euer the countrey engendrâ—…th except man is muche lesse in quantitie then those of England or of other realms Shéepe few Shéepe and those bearing course fléeses whereof they spin notable rug Their shéepe haue short cuâ—…t tailes They shéere their shéepe twise yearely if they be left vnshorn they are therwith rather pained then otherwise The countrey is very fruitefull both of corne and grasse The grasse for default of good husbandry suffered vncutte groweth so rancke in the north partes that oftentymes it rotteth theyr cattell Egle. Egles are well known to bréede in Ireland but neither so big The Irish hobby nor so many as bookes tell The horses are of pace easie in running wonderful swift in gallop both false and full indifferent The nagge or the hackney is very good for traueiling The Nagge albeit others report the contrary And if he be broken accordingly you shall haue a litle titte that will traueyle a whole day without any bayt The chiefe horse Their horses of seruice are called chiefe horses being well broken they are of an excellent courage They reyne passingly and champe vppon their bridles brauely commonly they amble not but galloppe and run And these horses are but for skirmishes not for traueilyng for their stomackes are such as they disdaine to be hacknied Thereof the report grew that the Irish hobby wyll not hold out in traueilyng The moongrel hobby You shall haue of the third sort a bastarde or mongrell hobby néere as tall as the horse of seruice strong in traueilyng easie in amblyng and very swift in running Of the horse of seruice they make great store as wherin at tymes of nede they repose a great péece of safetie Volat lib. 3. Geog. Asturcones This broode Volaterane writeth to haue come from Asturea the country of Hispayne betwene Gallicia and Portugall wherof they were named Asturcones a name now properly applied to the Hispanish Genet The names of the ciuities borroughes and hauen townes in Irelande Cap. 3. Dublinium DVblin the beautie and eye of Irelande hath béene named by Prolomie in auncient time Eblana Some terme it Dublina others Dublinia many write it Dublinum auctours of better skill name it Dublinium The Irish call it Ballée er Cleagh that is a towne planted vpon hurdelles For the common opinion is that the plotte vppon which the ciuitie is buylded hath béene a marishe ground for that by the arte or inuention of the first founder the water could not be voyded he was forced to fasten the quakemyre with hurdles and vpon them to buylde the citie I heard of some that came of buildyng of houses to this foundation and other holde opinion that if a carte or wayne runne wyth a round and maine pace through a stréete called the high stréete the houses on eche side shal be perceyued to shake This Citye was builded Dublyne buylded or rather the buildings therof enlarged about the yeare of our Lord .155 For about this tyme there arriued in Ireland thrée noble Easterlings that were brethren Auellanus Sitaracus and Yuorus Auellanus the fouÌ„der of Dublin Auellanus beyng the eldest brother builded Dublin Sitaracus Waterforde and Yuorus Limmerick Of the founder Auellanus Auellana Eblana Dublin was named Auellana and after by corruption of speache Eblana This Citie as it is not in antiquitie inferiour to any citie in Irelande so in pleasaunt situation in gorgeous buildings in the multitude of people in martiall chiualrie in obedience and loyaltie in the aboundaunce of wealth in largenes of hospitalitie in maners and ciuilitie it is superiour to all other Cyties and townes in that realme Dublyne the Irishe London The scitution of Dublyne And therfore it is commonly called the Irishe or yong LoÌ„don The seate of this citie is of all sides pleasant comfortable and wholsome If you would trauerse hils they are not farre of If champion ground it lyeth of all partes if you be delited with freshwater the famous riuer called the Liffie named of Ptolome Lybnium The Liffye runneth fast by If you wil take the view of the sea it is at hande The onely faulte of thys Citie is that it is lesse frequented of merchant estrangers because of the bare hauen Their charter is large King Henry the fourth gaue this Citie the sworde The sworde giuen to Dublyne Shyriffes of Dublinâ—… 1547. in the yere of our Kord 1409. and was ruled by a Mayor and two Bailifs which were chaunged into Shirifs by a charter graunted by Edwarde the sixte in the yeare of our Lorde 1547. In which yeare Iohn Ryan and Robert Ians two worshipfull gentlemen were colleages in that office and therof they are named the last Bailifs and first
they mighte expell theyr neyghbours and one that was their paire yet if they would suffer the Kyng of Leynister to reposseed and enioy hys righte they shoulde not fynde hym vnreasonable Otherwise Welchmen they shoulde well perceyue that the Welchmen wanted neyther habilitie nor faithe to mayneteyne theyr worde Rodericke perceyuing it was no boote to striue againste the streame The agreemente betwixt Roderike and Dermote resolued to growe vnto some agreemente whiche at length was concluded with these conditions Firste that Dermote Macmourche receyuing a newe othe of allegeance to the Monarchie should quietly repossesse those partes of the Kingdome of Leynister whyche Rodericke withhelde by suspension Secondly that for assuraunce thereof hee shoulde pledge hys deerest base begotten sonne Conthurus to whome Rodericke promised hys daughter if this peace continued effectuall Thirdlye that beeyng established in hys Kingdome hee shoulde discharge the Welchs Armye and from thencefoorthe shoulde at no time call them ouer againe in his defence About the same time the King of Arglas founded the Abbey of Mellesunt the eldest that is recorded since the arriuall of the Danes excepte Sainte Mary Abbey besyde Dublin erected Anno .948 In this meane while there landed at Wexford Maurice Fitz Gerald landed at Wexforde Maurice Fitzgerald with .x. knightes .xxx. Esquires and an hundred good bowmen Herevpon K. Dermote greatly encouraged purposed with all speede to seeke his reuenge againste them of Dublin that had shewed themselues great enimies diuers wayes both to him and his father He assembled therefore his power togither and marched toward Dublin whilest Fitz Stephen remayned two miles from Wexforde where on the height of a Rocke called Karreck hee built a Castell But Fitzgerald with the English army went foorth with King Dermote againste Dublin hauing the chiefe conduct of all the whole enterprise They so besturred them that all the territorie about the Citie and the countreys adioyning were in manner brought to vtter ruine with spoyle slaughter and fire in somuche that the townesmen of Dublin Dublin subdued perceyuing in what daunger they stoode submitted them selues and put in good suretie for their loyall demeanor in time to come When Dublin and the Countrey about were thus recouered and reduced to their former subiection Variance betwixt the Monark and the king of Lymerike there fell out variance betwixt Rodorike the Monarke and Dunenald King of Limerik To whose ayde his father in lawe Dermote sent Fitz Stephans with his power by whose high prowes Roderike in diuers conflictes was put to the worst and forced to withdrawe home into his countrey with dishonor Nowe was Dermote growen into some fauor and liking of his people insomuche that hee began to fancie a further conquest hauing already recouered his whole kingdome of Leymster And bycause he knewe it shoulde be to small purpose to attempt any such thing without the help of his English confederates hee consulted with the two brethren Fitzstephans and Fitzgerald about the inuading of Connagh for hee meante to giue a push for the obteining of that countrey with the whole monarchie of Ireland and for as much as hee founde them ready to further him in that enterprise he wrote ouer into England vnto y e Erle of Penbroke requiring his assistāce Dermucius sendeth to the Earle of Penbroke in renuing y e former couenants passed betwixt thē The valiancie of one William Ferrando a knight was much noted in this conflict William Ferrando Seuenty townesmen of Waterford were taken and afterwardes contrarie to the minde of Raymond cast into the sea and drowned through the perswasion of Heruie de Monte Maurisco in which doing the English men did great hurt to themselues for the aduauncement of their proceedings in Ireland The Earle of Pembroke passeth into Irelande In the meane time the Erle of Pembrooke hauing made all his prouision readie tooke the sea in Mylforde hauen with two hundred knightes and a thousand other men of warre and arriued at Waterforde on Bartholmewe euen and the morow after Bartholmew day being Tuesday they assaulted the Citie and were twise repulsed but yet at length breaking downe an house that ioyned to the wall they entred by force and sleaing the Citizins obteyned a bloudie victorie Shortly after came king Dermote thither with Fitz Stephans and Reymonde and there according to couenant gaue vnto Erle Strangbow his daughter Eue in mariage with the succession of his kingdome When Waterford was thus gotten and Leynister pacified and the princes of Ossorie tamed and a chosen power of men of warre placed in garison King Dermote was become so terrible that none durst styrre agaynst him Dermote not yet satisfyed in his moode agaynst them of Dublin got his army on foote and drew towardes that Citie by the bending coastes of the Mountaynes of Glindelachan auoyding the wayes that lay through the wooddes bycause hee knew y e same to be beset with his enimies Therfore hauing still in remembrance the iniurie done to his father kept him out of the woods hating the Citizins of Dublin chiefely bycause they had trayterously slaine his father in tyme past in the middest of a great house whither they were wont to repayre as to a place where causes were vsually heard and to adde a reproche to their cruell murthering of their Prince they buried him togither with a dog At the kings approch to the city whilest Ambassadors were sent and that by mediation of the Archbishoppe of that Citie named Laurence a treatie of peace was in hande while Reymond on the one side and Myles Cogan a right valiant knight on the other with their companies of yong lustie soldiers assaulting y e walles forthwith obteined the victorie not without great slaughter of the Citizens Dublin taken the better part of them yet with Captaine Hastulf got them to shipboord with their best goods hasted thēce vnto y e north Iles. Miles Cogan left in Dublyn to keepe the Citie Dermote hauing thus wonne the Citie of Dublyn set things in order there he left Miles Cogan to gouern the same marched forth togither with the Erle of Pēbroke the rest of the army into Methe entred into the confines of that countrey wasted spoiled with fire sworde the whole region of Methe Rotherike sendeth messengers to Dermote Rotherike king of Connagh sent vnto Dermote to put him in remembrance of the couenant passed betwixt them specially to restraine the excursions of the strangers that were in his companie for else he would not faile to put to death his sonne whom he had with him as a pledge Which to do when Dermote did not onely refuse but also declared plainly that he would not stay from pursuing his purpose till he had subdued al Cōnagh Roderike causeth the heade of Dermot his sonne to be striken off obteyned the Monarchie of y e whole Ile apperteining to him by right discēded frē his ancesters
after the truce began to expire which he had graunted vnto the Earles of March and Augi on the Friday before Whitsonday he came with his army before the Castell of MeireueÌ„t Meireuent Geffrey de Lucignan which beloÌ„ged vnto Geffrey de Lucignam and on y e day next ensuing being Whitson eue he wanne the same And on Whitsonday he layde siege vnto Nouant Nouant an other Castel belonging to the same Geffrey who as then was lodged in the same and also two of hys sonnes but within three dayes after that the siege was layde the Earle of March came to King Iohn and did so much that through his meanes both Geffrey and his two sonnes were receyued to mercy and Kyng Iohn put in possession of the Castell After this bycause King Iohn was aduertised that Lewis the Frenche Kings sonne hadde besieged Mountcounter Mountcounter a Castell that was apperteyning to the said Geffrey he hasted thitherwards and came to Parthenay whither came to hym as well the foresayd Earle of Marche Parthenay as also the Earle of Angy and both they togyther with the sayde Geffrey de Lucignam dyd homage to oure Kyng and so became hys liege men The same time also Iane the daughter oâ—… King Iohn married 〈◊〉 erle of Mâ—… the Lady Iane the kings daughter was affianced to the sayde Earle of Marche hys sonne whereas the Frenche Kyng made meanes to haue hir married to hys sonne but for that Kyng Iohn doubted least that sute was attempted but vnder some cloked pretext he would giue no care thereto but rather made thys matche with the Earle of Marche in hope so to assure himselfe of the said Earle that might stand him in no small steede to defend his cause against his aduersaries of Fraunce But now to the doings in Englande Ye haue heard before how Pope InnoceÌ„t according to that whiche King Iohn had required of hym by solemne messengers directed hys Bulles vnto his legate Nicholas declaring vpon what conditions his pleasure was to haue the sentence of interdiction released Wherein first he commaunded that the king shoulde satisfie and pay so much money vnto the Archbishop of CaÌ„terburie and to the Bishop of London and Ely as should fully amount to the summe of .xl. M. Markes with that which alreadie he had payed which was .xxvij. thousand Markes at two seueral payments as vpon his accounts appeared For true contentation and payment to bee made of the residue he ordeyned that the king should be sworne and also seale to an obligation and certaine sureties with him as the Bishops of Norwich and Winchester with the Earles of Chester Winchester and Marshall all which things were performed at this present so that after the assurance so taken for payment of the odde .xiij. thousande Markes behinde residue of the .xl. M. Markes the interdiction was takeÌ„ vtterly away and the lande solemnly released by the Legate â—…e interdicâ—… released sitting within the Cathedrall Church of S. Paule at London vpon the .xxix. of Iune in the yeare 1214. after the terme of .vj. yeares three monethes and .xiiij. dayes that the realme had bene stryken with that dreadfull darte of correction as it was then esteemed King Iohn in this meane while remayning still in France and finding at the beginning fortune fauourable ynough vnto him by reason his power was muche encreased by the ayde of the Poictouins he determined to attempt the wynning of Brytaine for this cause specially that he might by so doing weaken the French kings power and partly also to withdraw him froÌ„ the warres of Flanders on which side he had procured likewise the Frenche borders to bee inuaded with great force and that not onely by the Earle and such captaynes as he had sent thither The Emperor Otho and reteyned in wages but also by the Emperour Otho who in proper person came downe into that Countrey himselfe After this hee besieged a Castell that stoode vpon the banke of the Riuer of Loyer called La Roch aâ—… Moyne enforcing his whole endeuour to haue woonne it â—…e French â—…gs sonne â—…e to fight â—…h K. Iohn But ere hee coulde attaine his purpose he was aduertised that Lewes the sonne of King Philip was comming towardes him with a great power to rayse his siege wherefore hauing no greate confidence in the Poictanins and vnderstanding that Lewes brought wyth him a verie strong armie hee tooke aduice of hys Counsell who iudged that it shoulde bee best for him to breake vp his siege and to depart whiche hee did and went straight way to Angiers Lewes after king Iohn was thus retyred King Iohn remoueth to Angiers The Poictanins subdued by the French brought the Poictanins againe to subiection and put the chiefe authours of the rebellion to death But to the purpose Perceyuing himselfe now destitute of his best friendes of whom diuerse remayned prisoners with the French king beeing taken at the battaile of Bouins he thought good to agree with king Philip for this present by way of taking some truce which by mediation of Ambassadors riding to and fro betwixt them A truce taken betwixt the two kings of England and France was at length accorded to endure for fiue yeares to begin at Easter in the yere of our lord .1215 Then after this about the .xix. day of October he returned into Englande to appease certain tumultes which beganne alreadie to shewe foorth buddes of some newe ciuill dissention and surely the same spredde abrode theyr blossomes so freshly that the fruite was knitte before the growth by any tymely prouision coulde be hyndered For the people being set on by diuerse of the supreiors of both sortes fynding themselues agreeued that the King kept not promise in restoring the auncient lawes of Saint Edwarde determined from thenceforth to vse force since by request he might not preuayle The Nobles also supposing that longer delay therin was not to be suffred assembled themselues togyther at the Abbey of Burie vnder colour of going thither to doe their deuotions to the bodie of Saint Edmond which lay there enshrined where they vtter their complaynt of the kings tyrannicall maners A cloked 〈◊〉 grymage alledging howe they were ofteÌ„times called forth to serue in the warres and to fight in defence of the Realme and yet notwithstanding were at home still oppressed by the kings officers who vppon confidence of the lawes attempted al things whatsoeuer they conceyued And if any man complayned and alledged that he receyued wrong at theyr handes they would answere by and by that they had law on theyr side to do as they had done so that it was no wrong but right which they did and therefore if they that were the Lordes and Peeres of the Realm were men it stood them vpon to prouide that such inconuenience might bee auoyded and better lawes brought in vse by the which theyr auncestors lyued in a more quiet and happy state The Châ—… of king Hâ—… the
yeeld This castell apperteyned to Wil. Albeney who had coÌ„mitted the custodie therof vnto his son Nicholas de Albeney priest to sir Wil. de Stodham and to sir Hugh Charnelles knights Stodham Charnelles the which came to the king with the keyes of the Castell and surrendered the same vnto him with condition that he shoulde be good to their master the sayd William de Albeney and graunt to theÌ„ their horses and armor with which they woulde remain with him vnder his peace and protection On the next morow being S. Iohns day The Castell of Beauoit rendred to the king the king went to the castell and receyuing the â—…me deliuered it to the keeping of Geffrey Butâ—…vile and his brother Oliuer In deede about the same time Pope Innocent who before at the instant sute of king Iohn had excommunicate the Barons in generall The Baroâ—… accused 〈◊〉 name doth now excommunicate them by name and in perticular as these First all the Citizens of London which were authors of the mischief that had happened by the rebellion of the saide Barons Also Robert Fitz Water Saer de Quiney Earle of Winchester R. his son G. de Mandeuile W. his brother the Erle of Clare G. his sonne H. Earle of Hereford R. de Percy G. de Vescy I. Conestable of Chester W. de Mountbray Wil. de Albeny W. his son R. de Roos W. his son P. de Brense R. de Cressey I. his son Ranulfe Fitz Robert R. Erle Bygot H. his son Robert de Vere Foulke Fitz Warren W. Mallet W. de MouÌ„tacute W. Fitz Marshall W. de Beauchampe S. de Kime R. de Montbygons and Nicholas de Stutvile with diuerse other The army which king Iohn had left behinde him in the South partes vnder the leading of the Earle of Salisburie and other lay not ydle but scouring the Countreys abroade as partly yee haue heard came to Saint Edmondsburie â—…e Cog. and hauing intelligence there that dyuerse knightes Ladyes and Gentlewomen that were there before theyr comming were fled out of that towne and for theyr more safetye were withdrawne into the Isle of Elye they followed them besieged the Ile and assayled it on eche syde so that although they within had fortified the passages and appoynted menne of warre to remayne vpon the garde of the same in places where it was thought moste needefull yet at length they entered vpon them by force Walter Bucke wyth hys Brabanders beeyng the fyrst that got soote wythin the Isle towardes Herbey For by reason that the waters in the Fenues and Dytches were harde frozen so that menne myghte passe by the same into the sayde Isle they founde meanes to enter The I le of Ely spoyled Polidor Bernwel and spoyled it from syde to syde togyther wyth the Cathedrall Churche carying from thruce at theyr departure a marueylous great pray of goodes and Castell The Barons of the Realme being thus afflicted with so many mischiefes all at one tyme as both by the sharpe and cruel warres which the king made agaynst them on the one syde and by the enmitie of the Pope on the other syde they knewe not whiche way to turne them nor how to seeke for reliefe For by the losse of theyr complices taken in the Castell of Rochester they sawe not how it shoulde any thing auayle them to ioyne in battaile with the king Therfore considering that they were in such extremitie of dispayre they resolue with themselues to seeke for ayde at the enimies handes and therevpon Saer Earle of Winchester â—…ordes â—…o the 〈◊〉 kings 〈◊〉 offring â—…n the â—…e and Robert Fitz Water with letters vnder theyr seales were sent vnto Lewes the sonne of Philip the French king offering him the Crowne of England and sufficient pledges for performaunce of the same and other couenaÌ„ts to be agreed betwixt theÌ„ requiring him with al speede to come vnto their succors This Lewes had maried as before is saide Blanche daughter to Alfonse king of Castile nece to king Iohn by his sister Elenore Now king Philip the father of this Lewes being glad to haue such an occasion to inuade the Realme of Englande which he neuer loued promised willingly that his sonne should come vnto the ayde of the said Barons with all conuenient speed but first he receyueth .xxiiij. hostages which he placeth at Compaigne for further assurance of the couenants accorded And herewith he prepared an army and diuerse shippes to transport his sonne and hys armie ouer into Englande also in the meane time and to put the Barons in comfort he sent ouer a certaine number of men of warre French men sent ouer to the ayde of the Barons vnder the leading of the Chatelayne of Saint Omers the Chatelayne of Arras Hugh Thacon Eustace de Neuile Baldwin Brecell William de Wimes Giles de Melun W. de BeamoÌ„t Giles de Hersie Biset de Fersie and others The Saterday after the Epiphanie sayth Raufe Cogheshall the whiche taking the sea arryued with .xlj. shippes in the Thames so came to LoÌ„don the .xxvij. of Febr. where they were receyued of the Barons with great ioy and gladnesse Moreouer the sayde Lewes wrote to the Barons how that he purposed by Gods assistance to be at Calice by a day appoynted with an armye redy to passe ouer w t all speed vnto their succors Raufe Cog. The Fryday before Candlemasse day Sauarie de Mauleon and other Captaines of the kings side layde siege to the Castell of Colchester but hauing intelligence that the Barons which lay at London made forward with all speede to come to succor that Castell on the Wednesday after Candlemasse day being the thirde of Februarie they â—…aysâ—…d their siege went backe towards S. Edmondsburie After this was the Castell of Hydingham woonne whiche belonged vnto Earle Robert de Vere And then the King prepared to besiege London But the Londoners were of such courage that they set open theyr gates and hearing of the kings approch made readie to issue forth to giue him battaile whereof the king being aduertised he withdrewe backe but Sauarie de Mauleon was sodenly sette vppon by the Londoners lost many of his men and was sore wounded himselfe The King therefore perceyuing it woulde not preuaile him to attempt the wynning of the Citie at that tyme drewe alongest the coaste fortifyed hys Castelles and prepared a greate Nauie meaning to encounter his enimy Lewes by Sea But through tempest the shippes which hee hadde got togyther from Yermouth Dunwiche Lynne and other Hauens were dispersed in sunder and many of them cast awaye by rage and violence of the outrageous windes Somewhat before this tyme also when hee heard of the compact made betwixt the Barons and his aduersaries the French men King 〈◊〉 once 〈◊〉 setâ—… the Poâ—… hee dispatched a Messenger in all hast to the Pope signifying to him what was in hande and practised agaynst him requiring furthermore the said pope by his
Hugh Spencer the yonger executed Then was his heade striken off his bowels taken out of his bodie and burnt and hys bodie deuided in quarters His head was sent to London and set vpon the bridge with other and his quarters were sent to foure seuerall partes of the Realme and there pight vpon polles to bee seene of the people He was drawne in his owne coate armour about the which there were letters embrodered plaine to bee read conteyning a parcell of the Psalme Psal 52. Quid gloriaris in ma◅ vnto the verse ◅go autem vt ◅liua c. Simon de Reding executed The same day was Simō de Reding drawne and hanged on the same Gallowes but ten foote lower them the other This Reding being Marshall of the kings house had vsed the Queene verie vncurteously giuing hir many reprothfull wordes which now were remembred and therefore may serue for an example how daungerous a thing it is to speake euill of the higher powers Caxton The cōmon fame went that after this Hugh Spencer the sonne was taken he woulde receyue no s◅snance wherefore he was the sente put to death or else had he beene conueyed to London there to haue suffred The Earle of Armdell takē Iohn Earle of Armdell was taken on Saint Hughes day in the parties about S◅rewes◅e and the same day s◅oun◅ght before the execution of the Earle of Gloucester Hugh Spencer the yonger as well the sayde Earle who had beene euer a great friend to both the Spencers Tho. VVals ◅xecution as also Iohn Daniell and Thomas de Micheldeure were put to death at Hereforde by procurement of the Lorde Mortimer of Wigmore that ha◅ed them extremely ◅ofiuour in which the lord Mortimer was ◅ith the Queene by reason whereof they were not like to speede much better for what he willed the same was done and without him the Queene in all these matters did nothing The Chancellor Robert de Baldocke being committed to the custodie of Adam de Torleton Bishop of Hereforde remayned at Hereforde in safe keeping till Candlemasse next and then the Bishop being at London appoynted him to bee brought vp where not without the Bishops consent as was thought he was taken out of hys house by violence and layde in Newgate where shortly after through inward sorow and extreme griefe of minde he ended his life Robert Baldoe ended his life Thus the Queene and hir companie hauing compassed their businesse in to happie maner as they could wish she with hir sonne and a greate companie of Lordes and Gentlemen repayred to Wallingford where they kept Christmasse togither with great ioy and triumph the king in the meane while remayning as ye haue hearde at Kenilwoorth in a kinde of honourable estate although he was prisoner After Christmasse 1327 the Queene with hir sonne and such Lordes as were then with them remoued to London where at their comming thither which was before the feast of the Epiphanie they were receyued with great ioy triumph and large giftes and so brought to Westminster where the morrow after the same feast the Parliament which before hand had bene summ◅ned began in which it was concluded and fully agreed by at the estates for none durst speake to the contrarie that for diuerse artreses which were put vp agaynst the king he was not worthie longer to raigne A Parliament and therefore should be deposed and withall they willed to haue his sonne Edwarde duke of Aquitan to raigne in his place This ordinance was openly pronounces in the great hall at Westminster by one of the lords The king is deposed by act of Parliament on the feast day of S. Hillarie being Tuesday to the which all the people consented The Archbishop of Canterburie preacheth The Archbishop of Canterburie taking his theme Vox populi vti◅tes made a Sermon exhorting the people to pray to God to bestow of his grace vppon the new king And so when the Sermon was ended euery man departed to his lodging But the Duke of Aquitaine when hee perceyued that his mother tooke the matter heauily in appearance for that hir husband should be thus depriued of the crown he protested that he would neuer take it vpō him without his fathers consent and so therevpon it was concluded that certaine solemne Messengers should goe to Kenilworth to moue the king to make resignation of his Crowne and tytle to the kingdome vnto his sonne Thom. de la More Tho. VVals There were sent on this message as some write three or as other haue but two Bishops two Erles two Abbots two or as de la More Walsingham haue four Barons and for euerie Countie Citie Burrough and likewise for the cinque portes certain knights and burgesses The Bishops that were sent were these as de la More noteth Iohn de Stratford Bishop of Winchester Adam de Torleton Bishop of Hereford and Henrie Bishop of Lyncolne The two Earles as Southwell hath were Lancaster and Warwike the two Barons Rose and Courtney beside these as he sayth there were two Abbots two Priors two Iustices two Friers of the order of Preachers two of the Carmelites two knights for the Commons on the North syde of Trent and two for the other on the South syde of the same Ryuer two Citizens for London two Burgesses for the cinque Portes so as in all there were that went of this message as Southwell hath xxiij or rather .xxiiij. persones of one degree and other None of the Frier Minors went bycause they woulde not bee the bringers of so heauie tydings sithe he had euer borne them great good will The Bishoppes Winchester and Lyncolne went before and comming to Kenilworth associated with them the Earle of Leycester of some called the Earle of Lancaster that had the King in keeping And hauing secrete conference with the king they sought to frame his minde so as be might be contented to resigne the crowne to his sonne bearing hym in hande that if he refused so to doe the people in respect of the euil will whiche they had conceyued agaynste hym woulde not fayle but proceede to the election of some other that shoulde happely not touche hym in lynage And sithe this was the onely meane to bring the lande in quiet they wylled hym to consider how muche he was bounde in conscience to take that way that shoulde bee so beneficiall to the whole Realme The King being sore troubled to heare suche displeasant newes was brought into a marueylous agonie but in the ende for the quyet of the Realme and doubt of further daunger to hymselfe he determyned to follow theyr aduice and so when the other Commissioners were come and that the Bishop of Hereford had declared the cause wherefore they were sent the King in presence of them all notwithstanding his outward countenaunce discouered howe muche it inwardly grieued him yet after he was come to himself he answered that he knew that he was
the Purification of our Ladie next ensuing by the handes of Walter the Archbishop of Canterburie ◅ers ◅ted And bycause he was but .xiiij. yeres of age so that to gouerne of himselfe he was not sufficient it was decreed that .xij. of the greatest lordes within the realme shoulde haue the rule and gouernment till he came to more perfite yeares The names of which lords were as followeth The Archbishop of Cāterburie the Archbishop of Yorke the Bishops of Winchester of Hereford Henrie Erle of Lancaster Thomas Brotherton Erle Marshal Edmond of Woodstocke Erle of Kent Iohn Erle of Warren the Lord Thomas Wake the Lord Henry Percy the Lord Oliuer de Ingham and the Lorde Iohn Ros. These were sworne of the kings counsaile and charged with the gouernment as they woulde make answer But this ordinance continued not long for the Queene the Lorde Roger Mortimer tooke the whole rule so into their handes that both the king and his sayde Counsaylours were gouerned only by them in all matters both high and lowe He confirmed the liberties and franchises of the citie of London and graunted that the Maior of the same Citie for the time being might sit in all places of iudgement within the liberties therof for chief Iustice aboue all other The franchises of the Citie of London confirmed the kings person only excepted and that euery Alderman that had bin Maior shoulde be Iustice of peace through all the Citie of London and countie of Middlesex and euery Alderman that had not bene Maior should be Iustice of peace within his owne warde He graunted also to the Citizens that they shoulde not be constrayned to go forth of the Citie to any warres in defence of the lande and that the franchises of the Citie should not be seased frō thenceforth into the kings hands for any cause but only for treason and rebellion shewed by the whole Citie Also Southwarke was appoynted to bee vnder the rule of the Citie and the Maior of Lōdon to bee Baylife of Southwarke and to ordaine such a substitute in the same Borough as pleased him In the first yeare of this kings raigne Recordes of Burie wee finde in the Recordes belonging to the Abbey of S. Edmondsburie in Suffolke that the Inhabitants of that towne raysed a sore commotion agaynst the Abbot and Monkes of the same Abbey and that at seuerall tymes as first on the Wednesday next after the feast of the conuersion of Saint Paule in the sayde first yeare of thys Kings raigne one Robert Forton Rycharde Drayton and a great number of other assembling themselues togither in warlike order and array assaulted the sayd Abbey brake downe the Gates Wyndowes and Doores entered the house by force and assayling certain Monks and seruaunts that belonged to the Abbot did beate wounde and euill entreate them brake open a number of Chests Coffers and forcers tooke out Chalices of golde and siluer bookes Vestments and other ornaments of the church beside a great quantitie of riche plate and other furniture of housebolde apparel armour and other things beside fiue hundred pounds in readie coyne and also three thousand Florens of gold All which things they tooke and caried away togither with diuerse Charters wrytings and miniments as three Charters of Knute somtyme king of Englande foure Charters of king Hardiknute one Charter of king Edwarde the Confessour two Charters of king Henrie the first other two Charters of king Henrie the thirde which Charters concerned as wel the foundation of the same Abbey as the grauntes and confirmations of the possessions and liberties belonging thereto Also they tooke away certaine writings obligatorie in the whiche diuerse persons were bounde for the payment of great summes of money and deliuerie of certaine wines vnto the hands of the sayd Abbot Moreouer they tooke away with them ten seueral bulles conteyning certaine exemptions immunities graunted to the Abbots and Monkes of Burie by sundrie Bishops of Rome And not herewith contented they tooke Peter Clopton Prior of the said Abbey and other Monkes forth of the house and leading them vnto a place called the Leaden hall there imprisoned them till the Thursday next before the feast of the Purificatiō of our Ladie and that day bringing them backe againe into the chapter house deteyned them still as prisoners till they had sealed a writing cōteyning that the Abbot and conuent were bound in ten M. pound to be payd to Oliuer Kemp and others by them named And further they were cōstreyned to seale a letter of release for all actions quarels debts transgressions suites demaūds which the Abbot might in any wise clayme or prosecute against the sayd Oliuer Kempe and others in the same letters named For these wrōgs and other as for that they would not permit the Abbots Baylifes and officers to kepe their ordinarie courtes as they were accustomed to doe as well three dayes in the weeke for the Market to wit Monday Wednesday and Fryday as the Portman mote euery Tuesday three weekes and further prohibit them from gathering such tolles customes and yearely rentes as were due to the Abbot for certain tenements in the towne which were let to ferme the Abbot brought his action against the said Foxton Drayton others hauing it tried by an inquest on the Friday next after the feast of S. Lucie the virgin in a Sessions holden at Burie by Iohn Stonore Walter Friskney Robert Maberihorp and Iohn Bousser by vertue of the kings writ of Oyer and Determiner to them directed the offenders were cōdemned in .40000 pounds so that the sayde Richard Drayton and others there present in the Court were committed to prison in custodie of the Sherife Robert Walkefare who was commaunded also to apprehende the other that were not yet arested if within his Bayliwike they might be founde and to haue their bodies before the sayd Iustices at Burie aforesayd on Thursday in Whitsonweeke next ensuing Beside this there was an other inditement and action of trespasse founde there the same day agaynst the sayde Richard Drayton and others for a lyke disorder and ryot by them committed The seconde ryot on the Thursday next after the feast of the Purification of our Ladie in the same first yeare of this king at what time they did not onely breake into the Abbey and beate the Abbottes menne but also tooke the Abbot hymselfe beeyng then at home wyth certayne of hys Monkes keeping both him and them as prisoners til the next day that they were constreyned to seale certayne wrytings And amongest other a Charter in which it was conteyned that the Abbot and his Conuent did graunt vnto the Inhabitaunts of the towne of Burie to be a corporation of themselues and to haue a common seale wyth a gylde of Marchants and Aldermen also they were cōpelled to seale another Charter wherein was cōteyned a graunt to the sayde Inhabitaunts that they should haue the custodie of the towne gates and likewise the
hys â—…rney against the infidels of Prutzaland but into Prutzenlande where he shewed good proufe of his noble and valiant courage for ioyning with the maisters and knightes of the Teutsch order there the armie of the Lithuanians that came agaynst the sayd order was vanquished and foure chiefe leaders of the Lithuanians were taken prisoners three other being slain with three huÌ„dred of their chiefest and best approued souldiers Through the policie also and worthie manhood of the Erle of Darbie there was a certaine Citie taken where the said Erle and his men first entring vpon the walles did set vp his banner other being slouthfull or at the least vnskilful how to deale in such exploytes There were taken slaine foure M. of the coÌ„mon people and amongst them that were founde dead the king of Poloignes brother was one The Castell of the same Citie was besieged fiue weekes space but by reason of sicknesse such infirmities as chanced in the army the masters of Prutzen Liefland would not tarie any longer but brake vp their siege and returned The Master of Leifland led with him into his countrey three thousand prisoners In the meane time whilest the Christians were thus occupied as well agaynst the infidels in Barbarie as in the Easte partes towardes Lyttawe a royall Iustes and Martiall turnament was proclaymed to bee holden wythin Smithfielde in London A â—…al iustes â—…elleÌ„ in Smithfield at LondoÌ„ to beginne on Sunday next after the feast of Saint Michaell And bycause this triumphaunt pastime was published not onely in Englande but also in Scotlande in Almaigne in Flaunders in Brabant in Heynault and in Fraunce many straungers came hyther forth of diuerse Countreys namely Valeran Earle of Saint Paule that had maryed King Richardes sister the Ladie Mawde de Courteney and William the yong Erle of Osternant Some copies haue OsternaÌ„t son to Albert de Baniere Erle of Hollande and Heynalt At the day appoynted when all things were prepared there issued forth of the Tower about three of the clocke in the after noone lx Coursers apparelled for the Iustes and vpon euerie one an Esquier of honour riding a soft pace Then came forth .xxiiij. Ladies of honour lx sayth Froissart mounted on Palfreys The man nâ—… of the iusts in Smithfield ryding on the one side richly apparelled and euery Ladie led a knight with a chaine of golde Those knightes being on the kings part had their armor and apparell garnished with white heartes and crownes of golde about theyr neckes Siluer sayth Frosart and so they came ryding through the streets of LoÌ„don vnto Smithfield with a great number of Trumpets and other Instruments before them The King and the Queene with many other great estates were readie placed in Chambers richly adorned to see the Iustes and when the Ladies that led the knightes were come to the place they were taken downe from their Palfreys and went vp into Chambers readie prepared for them Their alighted the esquiers of honor from their coursers and the knights in good order mounted vpon them And so when their helmets were set on their heades and that they were readie in all poyntes after Proclamations made by the Heraults the iustes began and many commendable courses were runne to the great pleasure comfort and recreation of the King the Queene and all other the beholders The price that day on the answerers part was giuen to the Earle of Saint Paule and on the Chalengers side to the Earle of Huntington On the Monday the King himselfe wyth Dukes Erles Lordes and knights came to the iustes he being chiefe of the inner part That day the price was giuen to the Erle of Osteruant for the best doer of the vtter part and of the inner part to a knight of Englande called sir Hugh Spencer On the Tuesday all maner of Esquiers iusted and likewise on the Wednesday al maner of knights and esquiers that woulde on which day was a sore and rude iustes enduring till night And so many a noble course and other martiall feates were atchieued in those four days to the great contentation and pleasure of many a yong batchler desirous to win fame also highly to the kings honor The King kept open houshold in the Bishop of London his palaice by Paules church who by all that season helde his Court in the Bishops Palayce by Paules church keeping open houshold for all honest persones that thither resorted especially euery night after the iustes were ended a right sumptuous princely supper was prepared for the strangers other and after supper the time was spent in dancing reuelling after the most courtlike maner The K. festeth the straungers The Thursday the king made a supper to al the Lords knights and gentlemen strangers and the Queene to all the ladies and gentlewomen On the Fryday the duke of Lancaster feasted at dinner al the sayd Lords The Duke of Lancaster feasteth the strangers knights gentlemeÌ„ strangers in most sumptuous plentiful maner On the Saterday the king and all the whole companie departed from LoÌ„don vnto Winsore where newe feasting beganne and specially the king did all the honour that might be deuised vnto the Erles of S. Paule and Osteruant The Erle of Osteruant at the ernest request of the king receyued of him the order of the Garter for the whiche hee was euill thought of afterwardes by his friendes namely the French king and others Finally after that the king had thus feasted the strangers and other at Windsore eche man tooke leaue of the king the Queene and the kings vncles and other Lords and Ladies and so departed the strangers into their own couÌ„treys other home to their houses or whither they thoght best About the same time by the king with the aduice of his counsaile proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed and abyding in the Court of Rome A pâ—… that aâ—… engâ—… beneficed 〈◊〉 in Rome 〈◊〉 returne into Englande being Englishe men borne should returne home into Englande before the feast of Saint Nicholas vnder pâ—…e to forfeyte all theyr benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise lymitted The English men hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blowe left the Popes Court and returned to their natiue soyle The Pope troubled with such a ruÌ„bling noise The Pope sendeth 〈◊〉 Nuncio to king Richard sent in all hast an Abbot as his nuncio vnto the king of Englande aswell to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised made lately in Parliament agaynst those that prouided themselues of benefices in the Court of Rome by the Popes Bulles which seemed not a little preiudiciall to the Church of Rome in consideration whereof the sayd nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of y e church liberties but if y e same statuts were not
abolished the Pope might not sayd his nuncio with a safe conscience otherwise do than proceede against thē that made those statuts in such order as the Canons did appoint Moreouer the said nuncio declared to the king certaine daungerous practises betwixt the Antipape and the French king as to make the duke of Touraine the Frēch kings brother king of Tuskaine and Lombardie and to establish the Duke of Aniou in the kingdome of Sicille Moreouer he gaue the king to vnderstande The Pope N◅◅io open◅ the king the French king p◅y pract◅ that if the Frenche king might compasse by the Antipapes meane to bee chosen Emperour hee woulde seeke to vsurpe vpon ech mans right and therefore it stoode the king of England chiefly in hande to prouyde agaynst such practises in time And as for the treatie of peace which the Frenche men seemed so much to fauour it was to none other ende but that vpon agreement once hadde they might more conueniently compasse theyr purpose in the premisses Furthermore Nuncio the nuncio ernestly besought the king of ayd in the Popes behalf against the Frēch king if as he threatned to do he shoulde inuade him in Italie with open force The king seemed to giue fauourable eare vnto the nuncio and after aduice taken appoynted to stay till after Michaelmasse at what time a parliament was appoynted to be assembled wherein such things as he had proponed shoulde be weyed and cōsidered of some conclusion taken therein The Duke of Gloucester his iourney into Prutzen land About the same time the Duke of Gloucester went into Prutzen land to the great griefe of the people that made account by his departure as if the sunne had beene taken from the earth doubting some mishappe to followe to the common welth by his absēce The Duke of Gloucester in great fauor with the commons whose presence they thought sufficient to stay all detriments y t might chaunce for in hym the hope of the Commons onelye rested In his returne home he was sore formented with rough weather tēpestuous seas At length yet he arriued in Northumberlande and came to the Castell of Tinmouth as to a Sanctuarie knowne to him of olde where after hee had refreshed him certaine dayes he tooke his iourney homewardes to Plaschy in Essex bringyng no small ioy for his safe returne to all the Kingdome An. reg 15. The ninth of Iuly the Sunne seemed darkned wyth certaine grosse and euill fauoured cloudes comming betwixt it and the earth so as it appeared ruddie but gaue no light from noone till the setting thereof And afterwardes continually for the space of sixe Weekes aboute the midst of the day clowds customarily rose somtimes they continued both day and nighte not vanishing away at all The same tyme suche a mortalitie and death of peope increased in Norffolke and in many other Countrees of England that it seemed not vnlike the season of the great pestilence A great death in York sun dry other places In the Citie of Yorke there died .xj. thousande within a short space Henrie Percy Erle of Northumberland lieutenaunt of Calais was called home from that charge and created warden of the Marches agaynst Scotland Robert Mowbray was sent to Calays to be the kings lieutenant there A parliament at London On Fryday next after all soules day the Parliament began at London in which the knightes would in no wise agree that the statute made agaynst spirituall men for the prouiding themselues of benefices in the Court of Rome should be repelled but yet they agreed thus much that it should be tollerated so as with the kings lycence such spirituall men might purchase to themselues such benefices till the next Parliament Halfe a tenth and halfe a fiftenth were granted to the King in thys Parliament to the furnishing of the treatie of peace whiche the Duke of Lancaster was appoynted to prosecute Also conditionally a whole tenth and a whole fiftenth were graunted to him if it chaunced that hee made anye iourney that yeare agaynst the Scottes The price of corne that had continued at an high rate almost for the space of two yeres The flix gottē by excessiue feeding on fruites began to fall immediately after the haruest got in to the great reliefe of the poore which before throughe immoderate eating of Nuttes and Aples fell into the disease called the Flixe whereof manye dyed and surely as was thought the death and dearth had beene greater if the commendable diligence of the Lorde Maior of London had not beene The L. Maior of London cōmended for his careful prouision of corne from beyonde the seas in the time of dearth in relieuing the Commons by suche prouision as hee made for corne to bee brought vnto London from the partyes of beyonde the Seas where otherwise neyther had the Countrey beene able in any thing to haue sufficed the Citie nor the Citie the Countrey On Christmasse day a Dolphin that came forth of the Sea vp the Thames vnto London bridge was espyed of the Citizens as he played in the water and being followed and pursued A Dolphyn taken at London bridge wyth much ado was taken He was ten foote long and a monstrous growne fishe so as the sight of him was straunge to many that behelde him He was thought by his cōming so far into the landward to foreshew such tempests as within a weeke after did follow Ye haue heard how the matter for a treatie of peace had beene first broched by the French king by sending Ambassadours to the king of Englande to moue the same 1392 Which motion beeyng throughly considered of the estates assembled in this last Parliament it was decreed that it shuld goe forwarde as before ye haue heard and so about Candlemasse the Lorde Thomas Percy Embassadors sent to the French king to trea◅e of peace sir Lewes Clifford and sir Robert Briquet with diuerse other in their companie were sent ouer to the French king and comming to Paris founde him lodged in his house of Louvre where they declared to him the good affection of the king theyr maister towardes peace and the better to bryng it to passe they shewed that king Richardes desire was to haue some place and time appoynted for Commissioners to meete with authoritie to treate and conclude vpon articles as shoulde bee thought expedient The French king greatly honored these Ambassadors in feasting and banquetting them for the space of sixe dayes togither and for answere concluded with them that he himselfe with hys vncles and other of his counsaile would bee at Amiens by the midst of Marche nest ensuing there to abide the king of Englāds comming and his vncles if it should please them thither to come The English Ambassadors said there was no doubt but that either the K. himself or his vncles should be there at the day assigned with full authoritie to conclude any agreement that shoulde seeme
choyse of him before others to occupie that place it argueth there was not so euill a disposition in the king nor lack of discretion in order of gouernment as writers seeme to charge hym with But where other could not so well heare iniuries at others hands as happely Wickhā could the fire of dissention chiefly kindled therof For if the Duke of Irelande and the Earle of Suffolk with those of that faction coulde haue refrayned to shewe theyr displeasures when the Duke of Gloucester and other his complices pinched at them for that they sawe the king haue them in more estimation thā they wished matters might haue bene qualified peraduenture with lesse adoe and withoute daunger to haue ensued to eyther part But howsoeuer it went with them it maye doubtlesse be easily coniectured that Wickham was a man of singular wisedome and politike forecast that coulde from meane degree in suche wise climbe aloft and afterwards passe through the chaunces and chaunges of variable fortune keeping himselfe euer so in state that he grewe at length to be able to furnish the chargeable expenses of two such notable foundations which he left behind him to make his name immortall But leauing the consideration hereof to others I will returne to the purpose from whence I haue thus farre stepped 1405 The erle of Marches sons T◅ VVals In this sixth yeare the Fryday after Saint Valentines day the Earle of Marche his sonnes earely in the morning were taken forth of Winsore Castell and conueyed away it was not knowne whither at the first but suche search and inquirie was made for them that shortly after they were hearde of and broughte backe againe The Smith that counterfeyted the keyes by the which they that conueyed them thence got into the chamber where they were lodged had first his hands cut off and after his head striken from his shoulders The Ladie Spencer The lady Spēcer committed to warde sister to the duke of York and widow of the Lorde Thomas Spencer executed at Bristow as before haue hearde being apprehended and committed to close prison She accuseth hir brother the Duke of Yorke accused hir brother the Duke of yorke as chiefe authour in stealing away the sayde Earle of Marche his sonnes and further that the sayde Duke ment to haue broken into the Manor of ◅ltham the last Christmasse by scaling the walles in the night season the king being there the same time to the intent to haue murthered him For to proue hir accusation true she offred that if there were any knight in esquier that woulde take vpon him to fight in hir quarell if he were ouercome she woulde be comented to be burnt for it William maidston esquire of fred to fight in his ladies quarel One of hir esquiers named William Maidston hearing what offer his Ladie and Mistresse propounded cast downe his hoode and proffered in hir cause the combate The Duke likewise cast downe his hoode readie by battaile to cleare hys innocencie But yet the kings sonne Lord Thomas of Lancaster arrested him and put him vnder safe keeping in the Tower till it were further knowen what order shoulde bee taken wyth him and in the meane time were all hys goodes confiscate The same time was Thomas Mowbray Earle Marshall accused The erle Marshal accused as priuie to the purpose of the Duke of Yorke touching the withrawing of the Erle of Marche his children who confessed in deede that hee knewe of the dukes purpose But in no wise yet gaue his consent therevnto and therefore besought the king to bee good and gracious Lorde vnto him for concaling the matter and so hee obteyned pardon of that offence The King had assembled the same tyme the most part of the nobilitie at London to consult with them for dyuerse weightie matters concer-cerning the state of the common wealth and about some ayde of money which he required but the Lordes shewed themselues not willing to satisfie his request The king wanteth money cā get none of the Lordes He therefore caused the spiritual Lordes as well as the temporall to meete at S. Albones in the Lent season about the same matter but yet obteyned not hys purpose by reason barons were sore agaynste him and so at length on Palme Sunday they went theyr way eche man to his home hauing gratified the king in nothing concerning his demaunde In the meane time to witte the .xv. of March at a place in Wales called Huske A battel fought at huske in wales Owen Glendouers sonne taken prisoner in a conflicte fought betwixt the Welche men and certaine of the Princes companie the sonne of Owen Glendouer was takē and fiftene hundred Welch men taken and slaine Also in May about the feast day of S. Dunstane was the Chancellor of the sayd Owen taken prisoner and a great number of other taken and slaine The prisoners were brought vp to London where the Chancellor was committed to safe keeping in the Tower Valeran Erle of S. Paule by the assent of the French king assembled fiue C. mē of armes fiue C. Genewais with crossebowes and a M. Flemings on foote The Castell of Mark besieged about the middest of May as Iames Mayr hath Sir Philip Hal with the which he layde siege to the Castell of Marke three leagues from Calais vpon the .xv. day of Iuly Captaine of the Castell as then for the king of England was one sir Philip Hall hauing with him .lxxx. archers and .xxiiij. other souldiers whiche defended the place so manfully that the Earle retyred into the towne and there lodged fortefying it for feare of reskues that might come from Calais The next day he gaue an other assault to the Castell and tooke the vtter Court wherein was founde a greate number of horse kine and other cattell The next day there issued forth of Calais two hundred men of armes two hundred archers and three hundred footmen with ten or .xij. wagons laden with vitaile and artillarie conducted by sir Richard Aston knight lieutenant of the English pale for the Erle of Somerset captaine generall of those Marches The Frenchmen aduertised that the English men were comming to remoue the siege issued not forth of their lodgings but kept them within their closure Neuerthelesse the Englishmen shot so sharpely and closely togyther that the Flemings footmen began to flie The Erle of Saint Pol put to flight the men of armes fearing the slaughter of their horses ranne awaye with a light gallop The Genewais whiche had spent the most part of their shotte at the assaultes made to the Castell shewed small resistance and so all the number of the Frenche part were slaine and put to flight Ia. Mair The Erle of S. Paule and diuerse other escaped away and by S. Omers got to Therouēne or as others haue to Saint Omers But there were taken to the number of three or foure score and amongst other the Lord de Dampierre Seneshall of Ponthieu
their sins receyuing the sacrament and requiring assistaunce at his handes that is the only giuer of victory determined rather to die than either to yelde or flee The day following was the .xxv. of October in the yeare .1415 being then Friday Tâ—… 〈…〉 Aâ—… and the feast of Crispine and Crispinian the most faire and fortunate day to the englishemen and moste sorrowfull and vnlucky to the Frenchemen In the morning of the same day The ordâ—… of the Frâ—…â—…y the french Capitaines made three battayles In the vawarde were .viij. M. healmes of Knyghtes and Esquiers .iiij. M. Archers and .xv. C. crosbowes whiche were guided by the lorde de la Breth Constable of Fraunce hauyng wyth hym the Dukes of Orleauns and Burbon the Earles of Ewe and Richemonte the Marshall Bouciquault and the master of the crosbowes the lord Dampier Admirall of Fraunce and other capitaines The earle of Vandosme wyth .xvj. C. men of armes were ordered for a wing to that battayle And the other wyng was guided by Sir Guicharde Dolphin Syr Clugnet of Brabant and Sir Lewes Bourdon with .viij. C. men of armes of elect and chosen persones And to breake the shotte of the englishmen were appointed Sir Guilliam de Saueâ—…ses with Hector and Phillippe his brethren Ferry de Maylly and Alen de Gaspanes with other .viij. C. of armes In the middle warde were assigned as many persons or mo as were in the formost battaile and the chardge thereof was committed to the Dukes of Bar and Alanson the Earles of Neuers Vandemont Blamont Salinges Grant Pree and of Russy And in the rereward were all the other men of armes guyded by the Earles of Marle Dampmartine Fauconberg and the Lorde of Lourrey capitaine of Arde who had wyth hym the men of the Frontiers of Bolonois Thus the frenchemen being ordered vnder their standardes and banners made a great shew for surely they were esteemed in number six times as many or more than was the whole company of the Englishemen wyth Wagoners Pages and all They rested themselues waytyng for the bloudy blaste of the terryble trumpet till the houre betweene .ix. and .x. of the clocke of the same day during whiche season the constable made vnto the capitains and other men of warre a pithie oration exhorting and encouraging them to doe valiantly wyth many comfortable words and sensible reasons King Henry also like a leader and not as one led like a soueraigne and not an inferior perceyuing a plotte of grounde very strong and meete for his purpose which on the backe halfe was fenced with the village wherein hee hadde lodged the nighte before and on bothe sides defended wyth hedges and bushes thought good there to embattaile his hoste and so ordered his men in the same place The order of in Englishe â—…y as he sawe occasion and as stoode for his moste aduantage Fyrst he sent priuily .ij. C. archers into a lowe meadowe whiche was â—…re to the vaunegarde of his enemies but separate with a greate ditche commaunding them there to kepe themselues close till they had a token to them giuen to let driue at their aduersaries Beside this he appointed a vaward of the which he made captaine Edwarde Duke of York that of an hault courage had desired that office and with hym were the Lordes Beaumont Willonghby and Fanhope and this battaile was all of archers The middle warde was gouerned by the kyng himselfe with his brother the Duke of Gloucester and the Earles of Marshall Oxforde and Suffolke in the which were all the strong bilmen The Duke of Exceter vncle to the kyng led the rerewarde which was mixed both with bilmen and archers The horsmen like wings went on euery side of the battaile Aâ—… the greâ—… force oâ—… Englishe 〈◊〉 Thus the king hauing ordered his batailes feared not the puissance of his enemies but yet to prouide that they shoulde not with the multitude of their horsemen breake the array of his archers in whome the whole force of his army consisted A pollitike inuenâ—…ion hee caused stakes bounde wyth Iron sharpe at bothe endes of the length of .v. or .vj. foot to be pitched before the archers and of eche side the footemen like an hedge to the entente that if the barded horses run rashly vppon them they might shortly be gored and destroyed certain persons also were appoynted to remoue y e stakes as by the mouing of the archers occasion and time shoulde require so that the footemen were hedged aboute with stakes and the horsmen stoode like a bulwarke betweene them and their enemies without the stakes Hall This deuise of fortifying an army was at this time first inuented but since that time they haue deuised caltrappes harrowes and other newe deuises to defend the force of the horsemen so that if the enemies runne rashely vpon the same either are their horses wounded with the stakes or their feete hurt with the other engins so that of necessitie for very paâ—… the â—…ly beastes are ouerthrowen and brought his the grounde Kyng Henry by reason of his small number of people to fill vp hys battailes Titus Liuius placed his vauntgarde so on the right hande of the maine battaile whyche hymselfe led that the distance betwixte them might vnneth be perceyued and so in like case was the rerewarde ioyned on the left hand that y e one might y e more readily succour an other in time of neede when hee hadde thus ordered his battailes he lefte a small company to keepe his campe and caryage Titus Liuius whiche remained still in the village and then calling his capitaines and souldiours aboute him hee made to them a right harty â—…ation King Henrhes oration to his men requiring them to play the men that they might obtaine a glorious victorie as there was good hope they should if they would remember the iuste cause and quarrell for the whiche they fought and agaynste whome they shoulde matche beeyng suche faint harted people as their auncetors had so often ouercome To conclude many wordes of comforte he vttered to them to encourage them to do manfully assuring them that Englande shoulde neuer be charged wyth hys raunsome nor any French man triumph ouer hym as a captiue for either by famous death or glorious victorye woulde hee winne honour and fame Then approched the K. and so encouraged his people that shortly the second battail of the Frenchemen was ouer throwen and dispersed not without greate staughter of men howbeit diuers wer relieued by their varlets and conueyed out of the field The Englishmen were so busied in fighting taking of the prisoners at hand that they folowed not in chase of their enemies nor would once break out of their array of battail The frenchmen strongly withstoode the fiercenesse of the Englishmen when they came to handy strokes so that the fighte was doubtfull and perillous And when one parte of the french horsmen thought to haue entred vpon the kings battaile they were
abourde for the space of nine dayes before it turned meete for his iourney An. reg 11. But after that the wind once came about as he wished the sayles were hoyssed vpon the .xj. of March being Monday and forward they sayled â—…arineth on the coast of Norfolke directing their course streight ouer towardes the coast of Norffolke On the next day being Tuesday and the .xij. of March towardes the Euening they roade before Cromer where the king sent a lande sir Robert Chamberlaine with sir Gylbert Debenham knights and diuerse other to the ende they might discouer the Countrey and vnderstand howe the people within the lande were bent towardes him especially those countreys there next adioyning Vpon their returne he vnderstoode that there was no suretie for him to lande in those partyes The Erle of Oxford by reason of the good order whiche the Earle of Warwike and the Erle of Oxford especially had taken in that countrey to resist him for not only the duke of Norffolk but all other the gentlemen whom the Erle of Warwike had in any suspition were by letters of priuy seale sent for and eyther committed to safe keeping about London or else enforced to finde suretie for their loyall demeanour towards king Henrie yet those knights and other that were thus sente forth to make inquirie were well receyued of their friendes and had good cheare But after the king perceyued by theyr report how things stood thereaboutes hee caused his Shippes to make course towardes the north partes The same night following a great storme of windes and weather rose sore troubling the seas and continued till the .xiiij. day of that moneth being Thursday on the whiche daye with great daunger 〈◊〉 arriueth 〈◊〉 the head of â—…ber by reason of the tempestuous rage and torment of the troubled Seas he arriued at the head of Humber where the other ships were scattered from him eche one seuered froÌ„ other so that of necessitie they were driuen to land in sunder where they best might for doubt to be cast away in that perillous tempest â—…e hadeth at â—…easpurre The king with the Lord Hastings his chamberlaine and other to the number of fiue hundred men being in one ship landed within Humber on Holdernesse side at a place called Rauenspurre euen in the same place where Henrie Erle of Darbie after called k. Henrie the fourth landed when hee came to depriue king Richarde the second of the crowne and to vsurpe it to himselfe Richarde Duke of Gloucester and three hundred men in his companie toke land in an other place foure miles distant from thence where his brother king Edward did land The Earle Riuers and with him two hundred men landed at a place called Pole fourtene miles from the haueÌ„ where the king came a land The residue of his people landed some here some there in places where for theyr suretyes they thought best On the morow being the .xv. of March nowe that the tempest ceased and euery man being got to land they drewe from euerye of their landing places towardes the king who for the first nyght was lodged in a poore village two miles froÌ„ the place where he first set foote on land As touching the folkes of the Countrey there came few or none to him for by the incensing of such as had bene sent into those parties from the Erle of Warwike and other his aduersaries the people were shrewdly induced to stande agaynste him But yet in respect of the good will that many of them had borne to hys father they coulde haue beene content that hee shoulde haue enioyed his ryght to his dewe enheritaunce of the Duchie of Yorke but in no wyse to the tytle of the Crowne And herevppon they suffered hym to passe not seeking to annoy him till they myght vnderstande more of his purposed meaning The king perceyuing howe the people were bent noysed it abroade that hee came to make none other chalenge but to hys inheritaunce of the Duchie of Yorke and withall ment to passe first vnto the Citie of Yorke and so forward towardes London to encounter with hys aduersaryes that were in the South partes For although his nearest way had beene through Lincolnshyre yet bycause in taking that waye hee muste haue gane agayne to the water in passing ouer Humber be doubted leaste it woulde haue beene thought that he had withdrawne himselfe to the sea for feare and so to auoyde the rumours that might haue beene spredde therof to the hynderaunce of his whole cause he refused that way and tooke this other still broyting it as before we sayde that his comming was not to chalenge the Crowne but onely to bee restored vnto hys lawfull right and inheritaunce of the Duchie of Yorke which was discended to him from his father and here it seemed that the colour of iustice hath euer suche a force in it selfe amongest all men that where before fewe or none of the commons coulde be founde that woulde offer themselues to take his parte yet nowe that hee did as they thought clayme nothing but that which was his right they began streyght to haue a lyking of his cause And where there were gathered to the number of six or seuen thousande men in dyuerse places vnder the leading chiefely of a Priest and of a Gentleman called Martine de la Mare Martyn de la Mare or Martyne of the sea in purpose to haue stopped his passage now the same persons tooke occasion to assist him and when hee perceyued mens myndes to bee well qualifyed wyth this feyned deuice he marched forth till hee came to Beuerley whiche stoode in his direct way as hee passed towardes Yorke He passeth towardes Yorke He sent also to Kingstone vpon Hull distant from thence a sixe myle willing that hee might be there receyued but the inhabitants who had beene laboured by his aduersaries refused in any wise to graunt therevnto The Earle of Warwike aduertised by Messengers of king Edwardes arriuall and of his turning toward Yorke with all hast wrote to his brother the Marques Montacute who hadde layne at the Castell of Pomfret all the laste Winter wyth a greate number of Souldiers willing hym to consider in what case theyr affayres stoode and therevpon with all speede to sette vppon King Edwarde or else to keepe the passages and to stay him from comming any further forwarde tyll hee himselfe as then being in Warwikeshyre busie to assemble an armye myght come to hys ayde with the same But this notwythstanding although there were greate companies of people of the Countreyes thereaboutes assembled they came not yet in sight of the King but suffred hym quietly to passe eyther bycause they were perswaded that hee ment as hee in outwarde wordes pretended not to clayme any tytle to the Crowne but onely his ryght to the Duchie of Yorke or else for that they doubted to sette vppon hym although his number were farre vnequall to theirs knowing that not onely
meet the king so they met betwixt both the hosts with so sweete salutations louing demeanor The brethâ—… meete louingly together good countenances as better might not bee deuised betwyxt brethren of so highe and noble estate and besydes that the lyke friendly entertainment and courteous demeanour appeared in the salutings of the other Noble men that were on them abundant whereof al such as sawe it and loued them greatly reioyced gyuing God thankes for that ioyfull meeting vnitie and concorde appearing thus manyfestly betwixte them and herewyth the Trumpettes and other Instrumentes sounded and the King withall brought the dâ—…e vnto his armie whom he saluting in most courteous wyse welcomed them into the lande and they humbly thanking him did to him such reuerence as apperteyned This done the K. leauing his host again keeping their ground w t the same few persons which he toke with him before went with his brother of Clarence vnto his armie and saluting theÌ„ with sweete courteous words was ioyfully of them welcomed and so after this they all came togyther ioyning in one and either part shewing theÌ„selues glad thus to meete as friends with the other they went louingly togither vnto Warwik with the king where and in the countrey thereaboutes they lodged as they thought stoode most with their case and safeties Herewith the Duke of Clarence desyrous aboue all things to procure some good and perfite accorde betwixte hys brother the King and the Erle of Warwike which should bring great quietnesse to the lande and delyuer the common wealth of many daungers that myght ensue by reason of suche numbers of partakers as well Lordes as other that were confederate with the Earle the sayde Duke treated with the Kyng present The Duke of Câ—…ce seeâ—… make peace betwixt â—…he Land the Eâ—… Warwik and sent messengers vnto Couentrie to the Earle moouing as well the one as the other most instantly to frame theyr mindes vnto a pacification The king at the instance of his brother was contented to offer large conditions and verie beneficiall for the Earle and his partakers if they woulde haue accepted them but the Earle whether vtterly dispayring of his owne safetie if hee shoulde agree to any peace or else happily for that he thought it stoode with his honour to stand vnto such promises and couenaunts as hee had made with the French King and with Queene Margaret hir son prince Edward vnto whom he was bounde by othe not to shrinke or swarue from the same he refused all maner of suche conditions as were offred Insomuch that when the Duke had sent to him both to excuse himselfe of the act whiche he had done and also to require him to take some good waye wyth King Edwarde nowe while he myght the Erle after hee had paciently hearde the Dukes message hee seemed greatlye to abhorre his vnfaythfull dealing in turning thus from hys confederates and alies contrarie to his othe and fidelitie To the messengers as some write hee gaue none other answere but this The erle of Warwicks anâ—…re to the Duke of Claâ—…ce message that he had leuer bee like himselfe than like a false and periured Duke and that he was fully determined neuer to leaue warre till he had either lost his own life or vtterly subdued his enimies As it was thought the Erle of Oxfords perswasion wanted not to make him the more stifly to hold out and rather to trie the vttermost hazard of war than to agree to acknowledge K. Edward for his lawfull soueraigne lord king Whervpon no appoyntment nor any agreement at all could be brought to passe so al that treaty which the duke of Clarence had procured brake off and tooke none effect There came to the Erle of Warwike whilest he lay thus at Couentrie beside the Erle of Oxford the duke of Exceter the Lorde Marques Montacute by whose comming that side was greatly strengthned the nuÌ„ber much encreased The K. vpon consideration hereof and perceiuing he could not get the Earle to come forth of Couentrie departed from Warwike and estsoones shewing himself with his people before the Citie of Couentrie desired the erle and his power to come forth into the fields that they might end their quarel by battel which the erle and the other lords with him vtterly refused as theÌ„ to do This was y e .v. of April being Friday King Edwarde passeth towards LondoÌ„ An. reg 11. The K. herevpoÌ„ was resolued to march towards London where his principall aduersarie king Henry remayned vsing his kingly authoritie by diuerse such of the nobilitie as were about him wherby K. Edward was barred and disappoynted of many aydes assistants which he was sure to haue if he coulde once breake that force of the royal authoritie that was still thus exercised agaynst him in K. Henries name Wherefore by the 〈◊〉 of his brethren and other of his counsaile accordingly as it had bene ordeined before this his last â—…ting forth froÌ„ Warwik he kept on his way towards LondoÌ„ coÌ„ming to DaÌ„trie on the Saterday at night and on the morow being Palmsonday he hearde seruice in y e church there afterâ—…d vnto NorthaÌ„pton where he was ioyfully receyued FroÌ„ thence he toke the next way towardes London leauing continually behind him as he passed forth a competeÌ„t band of speares archers to be at back 〈◊〉 of y e erle of Warwiks people as peraduenture be might send abrode to trouble him his army by the waye In this meane while that things passed in maner as before ye haue heard Edâ—…d duke of Somerset his brother Iohn Marques Dorset Tho. Courtney erle of Deuonshire other being at London had knowledge by aduertisemeÌ„ts out of France that Q. Margaret with hir son prince Edward the couÌ„tesse of Warwik the prior of S. Iohns the L. Wenlocke diuerse other their adherents and partakers with al that they might make were ready at y e sea side purposing with al speede to saile ouer into England to arriue in the west couÌ„trey wherevpon they departed forth of London and with al hast possible drew westwarde there to raise what forces they could to ioine with those their friends immediatly after they should ouer come to land so to assist theÌ„ against K. Edward his partakers True it is that the Queene with hir son and the other persones before mentioned tooke theyr shippes the .xxiiij. daye of Marche continuyng on the Seas before they coulde lande throughe tempestes and contrary windes by the space of twentie dayes that is tyll the thirtenth of Aprill on which day or rather on the fourtenth they landed at Weymouth as after shall appeare but now touching king Edwardes proceeding forward on his iourney towards London yet haue to vnderstand that vpon the Tuesday the .ix. of Aprill he came to Saint Albons from whence he sent comfortable aduertisements to the Queene his wife remayning within the Sanctuarie at Westminster to
whole armie presently to the rescue The messengers dyd theyr diligence and so beeyng ioyfully receyued into Gloucester 〈◊〉 Towne and Castell by the vigilant regarde of the sayde Richard Beauchamp was put in 〈◊〉 keeping And this message was done in good tyme for true it is there were diuers in the Towne that could haue bin well contented that the Queene and the Lordes with hir shoulde haue bin receyued there and woulde haue aduentured to haue broughte it to passe if they had not bin thus preuented and the Queene and the Lordes with hir hadde good intelligence with dyuers in the Towne so as they were putte in greate hope to haue entred the same wherevpon they trauelled theyr people ryghte sore all that night and morning comming before the Towne of Gloucester vppon the Friday about tenne of the clocke And when they perceyued that they were disappoynted of theyr purpose and theyr entrie â—…tly denyed they were highly therewith displeased for they knew very well that dyuers within the Towne bare theyr good willes towardes them but after they hadde vsed certayne menacyng braueries and made a shewe as if they hadde meane to assault y e gates and walles so to haue entred by force they departed theyr wayes marching with all speede towardes Tâ—…wâ—…rie It myght he maâ—…elled at why they aâ—…ted not the winning of Gloucester indeede Gloucester why it was not assaulted considering the friendes whiche they knewe they hadde within it but the cause whyche â—…ed them chiefly to for heare was 〈◊〉 that as well they without as the other within the Towne knewe that King Edward approched at â—…aâ—…de and was â—…ady to set vppon 〈…〉 the haâ—… if they hadde once begunne to â—…ue â—…ssaulted the Towne and so neyther they within thâ—… Towne that 〈…〉 â—…e 〈◊〉 ted the enimies forces 〈◊〉 the 〈…〉 durst attempte anye suche enâ—…â—…ste them About foure of the clocke in the after 〈◊〉 they came to Tâ—…sburie A long march â—…uing 〈◊〉 â—…lled that nighte 〈◊〉 â—…st and that â—…ay 〈◊〉 and â—…tie long myles in a â—…oule Countrey all in 〈◊〉 and stonie wayes betwixt wâ—…des withâ—… 〈◊〉 good refreshing so that 〈◊〉 they 〈…〉 as the horses 〈…〉 â—…ght 〈…〉 where the more partâ—… of theyr 〈…〉 â—…ed of fâ—… men the Captaynes coulde not haue gone any further excepte they woulde haue left theyr footemenne behynde them and so of necessitie they were driuen to staye there determinyng to abide the aduenture that God woulde sende them for well they knewe that the Kyng followed theÌ„ very neere at hande so as if they shoulde haue gone further and lefte the most parte of theyr companie behynde as it coulde not otherwise haue chanced he would haue bene readye to haue taken the aduauntage whollye so to distresse them The place where the Lords encamped Herevpon they pight theyr fielde in a close euen harde at the Townes ende hauyng the Towne and the Abbey at theyr backes and directly before them and vpon eache syde of them they were defended with combersome lanes deepe ditches and manye hedges beside hylles and bales so as the place seemed as noysome as myght bee to approche vnto The Kyng thys Friday verye earely in the mornyng aduaunced hys Standertes and in good order of battell hauing deuided his armye into three wardes marched thorough y e playnes of Cotteswolde the daye was very hotte and hauyng in hys armye aboue three thousande footemenne hee trauelled with them and the residue a thirtie myles and more by all whyche way The painefull march of king Edward with his armye they could fynde neyther Horsemeate nor mans meate no not so muche as water for theyr Horses excepte one little brooke of the whiche they receyued no greate reliefe for what with the Horses and carriages that passed thorough it the water meane so troubled that it serued them to no vse and still all that daye Kyng Edwarde with hys armye was within fyue or syxe myles of hys enimies hee in the playne Countrey and they among the wooddes Kyng Edwarde had euer good espâ—…als to aduerisse hym still what his enimies did and which way they tooke At length he came with all hys armye vnto a dislage called Chiltenham Chiltenham lyke a fyue myles distant from Tewkesburie where he hadde certayne knowledge that hys enimies were alreadye come to â—…ewâ—…esburie and were encamped there purposing to abyde hym in that place and to dâ—…yuer hym battell Kyng Edwarde therevppon made no long delay but tooke a little reflection hymselfe and caused hys people to doe the lyke with such prouision of vittayles as he had appoynted to decomiâ—…yed forth with hym for the reliefe of hymselfe and hys armie Thys done hee see forwarde towardes hys enimies and lodged that nyghtes in a fielde not past three myles distaunce from there On the morrowe beeyng Saterday and fourth of May hee drewe towardes hys enimies and marshalled his armye The ordering of King Edwards bâ—… deuided into three battailes in thys sort He putte hys brother the Duke of Gloucester in the fore warde and hymselfe in the middle ward The Lorde Marques and the Lorde Hastings ledde the rereward Heerewith hee approched the enimies camp whyche was righte harde to be assailed by reason of the deepe ditches hedges trees busshes and combersome lanes wherewith the same was fenced both a frount and on the sydes so as the King coulde not well approche them to any aduauntage and to be the better in a readinesse to beate backe the Kyngs power when hee shoulde come to assaulte them they were embattelled in thys order The ordering of the 〈◊〉 host the Duke of Somerset and hys brother the Lorde Iohn of Somersette ledde the foreward The middle warde was gouerned by the Prince vnder theÌ„ conduct of the Lorde of Saint Iohannes and the Lorde Wenlocke whome King Edwarde hadde aduanced to the degree of a Barone The rereward was appoynted to the rule of the Erle of Deuonshire Thus may ye perceyue that King Edwarde was put to hys shiftes howe to any aduantage to assault hys enimies Neuerthelesse he beeyng well furnished with greate artillerie the same was aptly lodged to annoy the enimies that they receyued great domage thereby The Duke of Gloucester and the Duke of Gloucester who lacked no policie galled them greeuously with the shotte of arrowes and they rewarded theyr aduersaries haue agayne with lyke paymente both with shotte of arrowes and greate artillerie Tewkesâ—…erâ—… fielde although they hadde not the lyke plentie of gunnes aâ—… the king hadde The passages were so combersome that it was not possible to come vpon any euen hande to ioyne at hand blowes The Duke of Gloucester vppon a politike purpose as some haue written reouted â—…uche with all his companie which when the Duke of Somerset perceyued eyther moued therewith 〈◊〉 bicause he was too fore annoyed with the shotte in that place where he with his fore waâ—…h The Duke of Somerset 〈…〉 lyke a Knyght more
to bee of his fathers right deare and famyliar friendes whose names were as followeth William Warham Archebishop of Canterburie and Chauncellour of Englande Counsailers to king Henry the eight Richard Foxe Bishop of Winchester Thomas Howarde Earle of Surrey and Treasorer of Englande George Talbot Earle of Shrewesburie and Lorde steward of the kings householde Charles Somerset Lorde Chamberlaine Sir Thomas Louell sir Henrie Wâ—…at doctor Thomas Ruthall sir Edward Poynings These graue wise counsailors fearing least such aboundance of riches and wealth as the king was nowe possessed of might moue his yong yeres vnto riottous forgetting of himselfe for vnto no King at any time before was 〈◊〉 greater or the â—…e â—…iches as well in readie come as in â—…wels and other moueable 〈…〉 as 〈◊〉 to him by his father And therefore hys saide counsaylers trauayled in such prudent â—…with him that they got him to bee present with them 〈◊〉 they saâ—…e in counsaile so to â—…ynt hym with matters pertaining to the politike gouernement of the Realme that by little and little then might applie himselfe to take 〈◊〉 him the 〈◊〉 and administration of publike affayres with the whiche at the first he coulde not wâ—… endure to be muche troubled being rather inclined to 〈◊〉 suche pleasaunt pastimes as his youthfull 〈◊〉 yeares did more delight in â—…d therefore 〈…〉 verie wel contenâ—… that other grâ—… 〈…〉 should take paines therein The same day also that the king came to the Tower the Lorde Henrie Sufâ—… brother to the Duke of Buckingham was arrested and admitted to the Tower and 〈◊〉 day also dâ—…ctor Ruthaâ—… was named 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 The xxvâ—… day of Aprill was 〈…〉 the kings grace 〈◊〉 all the 〈…〉 by his father and also pardoned at suche persons as were then infuâ—…te for any offence whatsoeuer it was treason â—…ther and fellonie 〈◊〉 excepted And nowe wheras the perfourmance of the deceassed kings will was thoughte right expedient with aâ—… speede to be perfourmed A proâ—… a Proclamation was also 〈…〉 and published throughe the Realme that if any man coulâ—…e proue himself to he â—…t and depriued of his goods wrongfully by the Commissioners of the forfeytures he shoulde come and present his plaint to the king being redie to satisfie euerie one of all iniuries sustained After this Proclamation was notified abrode all suche as had beene constrained eyther by right or wrong as Polidor sayth to pay any thing for anye forfeytures of lawes and customes by them transgressed came flocking to the Court there declared their griefs in what sort they had wroÌ„gfully bin compelled as they â—…urmiled to pay this or that summe The counsaile heard euery mans complaint suche as were founde to haue paide any thing without plaine proof of iusticauâ—… they tooke such order for them that they had ther money again Which being once knowen it was a strange thing to see how thick other came in yea euen those that had bin worthily fined punished for their disorderly transgressions making erâ—…est suit for restitutioÌ„ feining forging many things to make their cause seme good and to stand with equitie and the better to be hearde in their suyte they made friends as wel with brybes and large giftes as otherwise leauing no wayes vnassayed to compasse their desires whiche greedinesse in such multitude of futers brought the commissioners and other that had delt in the forfeytures into daunger and did themselues no good for the counsell perceyuing that it was not possible to satisfie them all refused to heare anye further complayntes or suites for restitution but thought it best to committe those to prison by whom the compleynantes preteÌ„ded themselues to haue bin wroÌ„ged herevpon was sir Rich. Empson knight Empson and â—…ey committed to the 〈◊〉 and Edmonde Dudley Esquier great counselloures to the late Kyng attached and broughte to the Tower thereby to quiet mens myndes that made suche importunate suite to haue their money agayne restored whiche in the late Kynges dayes they hadde beene compelled to disburse through the rigorous proceedings as they alledged of the sayd two counsellours and others Truely greate exclamation was made agaynst them as it often happeneth that where anye thyng is doone contrarye to the lykyng of y e people those that be dealers vnder the Prince by hys commaundemente proceede in the execution thereof runne in hatred of the multitude But howe so euer it was theyr apprehension and committyng to prison was thoughte by the wyse to bee procured by the malice of them that in the late Kynges dayes were offended with theyr authoritie Shortely after as Edwarde Halle sayeth were apprehended dyuers other persones that wer called promoters as Canby Page Smith Derbye Promoters perished Wrighte Symson and Stocton of the whyche the more parte ware papers and stoode on the Pillorie When all things were prepared ready for the funeralles of the late Kyng his corps with all sumptuous pompe and solemne Ceremonyes was conueyed from Richmont to Saint Georges fielde where the Clergie of the Citie mette it and at the Bridge the Mayre and hys brethren wyth many Commoners all cloathed in blacke lykewyse mette it and gaue theyr attendaunce on the same thorough the Citie to the Cathedrall Churche of Saincte Paule where was song a solemne Dirige and Masse and a Sermon made by the Bishoppe of Rochester Iohn Fysher The nexte daye the corps was had to Westminster and there the daye followyng put into the earth wyth all due solemnities as apperteyned After that the funeralles of the sayde laâ—…e Kyng were once ended great preparation was made for the Coronation of thys new King whiche was appoynted on Midsomer daye next ensuyng Duryng the tyme of whyche preparation the Kyng was aduysed by some of his counsell to take to wyfe the Ladye Katherine late wyfe to hys brother Prince Arthur least she hauing so greate a dowrie as was appoynted to hir might marrye out of the realme whiche should be to his hinderaunce The Kyng beeyng hereto perswaded Lady Katherin Prince Arthure his widow maried to his brother King Henry the eyght espoused the sayd Ladye Catherine the thirde daye of Iune the whyche maryage was dispensed with by Pope Iuly at the suite of hir father kyng Ferdinando On the eleuenth day of this moneth of Iune the King came from Greenewiche to the Tower ouer London bridge and so by Gracechurche with whome came many a Gentleman rychely apparelled but specially the Duke of Buckingham whiche had a gowne all of Goldesmithes worke very costly On Friday the two and twentith daye of Iune the Kyng with the Queene being in the Tower of London made foure and twentie knightes of the Bath And the morrowe following being Saterday the 24. of Iune his grace with the Queene departed froÌ„ the Tower thorough London the streetes beeing hanged with tapestrie cloth of arras very richly And a great parte of the South side of Cheape with clothe of gold and so was some part of
Frenchmen had come neerer When they were ioyned togither they drew aboute the hill hauyng with them sir Thomas Guylford with .ij. C. archers an horsback meaning to set on the Frenchmen the which perceyuing that doubting least more companye had followed they sodenly drewe backe and ioyned them with their great battayle Then the erle of Essex and the English horsmen followed them til they came nere to the armie of France then scaled and sente forthe light horsemen to viewe the demeanor of the Frenchmenne When the Frenchmen of armes were retorned to their battaile then bothe the horsmen and footmen withdrewe in order of battayle and still the Englishe scurrers followed them for the space of three leagues and then retourned to the Earle makyng report to hym of that they hadde seene who then brake vp his stale and came to the Kyng declaring to hym howe the Frenchemenne were gone backe The drye VVednesdaie This was called the drye Wednesdaye for the daye was wonderfully hote and the king with his armye stoode in order of battaile from sixe of the clocke in the mornyng till three of the clocke in the after noone And some dyed for lacke of moisture and generally euery man was burned about the mouthe with heate of the stomacke for drinke lacked and water was not neare After this y e king remoued toward Trerovanne and as he was setting forward the Lord Walon of Flanders came to him with his horsmen which were already in the kings wages As the armie passed by negligence the same day in a lane was ouerthrowne one of the kings Bombards of yron called the redde gonne and there lefte The king lodged that night two miles from S. Omers on the north side the towne On the thursdaye being the .xxviij. of Iulye the maister Carpenter with an hundred carpenters laborers without knowledge of the Marshal weÌ„t to way vp the great gonne that was in the ponde as ye haue heard by force of engins drew it vp and carted it redy to bring away but sodeinly there came an .viij. C. Frenchmen with speares The great â—…unne gotten 〈◊〉 the Frenche â—…y the folishe â—…iâ—… dynes of the Maister Carpenter crossebowes and handgons which set on the labourers so fiercely that not withstanding their manful defence the most part of them were slayne and the residue taken and both they and the peece of ordinance conueyed to Bolongne The Frenchmen glad of this chaunce assembled a great number to fetch the other gonne also the which lay yet in the lane But the lorde Berners being captain of the Pioners and hearing all these things prepared to recouer that gonne so on the morrow went to fetche it There were appointed to goe back to see him safe conduited the Erle of Essex with his company of speares sir Richard ap Thomas with his retinue and sir Iohn Neuill with the Northumberlande men The Almayns also were commaunded to retire backe to the succours of them that were gone for the gunne The Almayns went forth tyll they came within two myles of the place where the gunne lay and further they would not go The FrenchmeÌ„ to the number of nine or ten thousaÌ„d men as some esteemed were abrode came toward the place where the Englishemen were a carting the peece of ordinance The Northumberland horsmen hauing espyed theÌ„ gaue knowledge to the residue of the Englishmen who prepared themselues to defend their ground against the enimies and the earle of Essex sente to the Lord Walon willing him with his companye to come to his ayde but the lorde Walon sente worde agayn that he was come to serue the K. of England more than for one day and therfore he wished that al the Englishmen would return sith that with the great power of Fraunce they were not able to matche Thys aunswere was muche displeasant to the Earle of Essex and the other captains In this meane tyme the foreryders of the Frenche part were come to the handes of the Englishmen and so they fell in skirmishe verie hotly but at length all things considered and specially the small number of the Englishe men being not aboue .vij. C. horsemen it was thought best that they should returne and folow the gunne whiche they had sent forward and so they retreyted in order not in any fleeing maner still folowyng the gunne The Frenchmen perceyuing that pricked forwarde to the number of two thousand horsemen and came iust to the backes of the Englishmen who therwith cast about and made returne to the Frenchmen Syr William Tyler and sir Iohn Sharpe were the firste that charged and after all the other Englishe men The Frenchmen fledde immediatly so fast backe that happie was he that myghte be foremost The whole host seyng theyr horsmen thus had in chase sodeinly retourned The erle of Essex withdrewe to an hill and ther caused his trumpet to blow to the standerd for feare of suttle dealing and when his meÌ„wer come in and gathered togither he returned The same day beyng Friday the .xxix. of Iuly the king came to Arkes and there encamped The King encampeth at Arkes whither the erle of Essex came to him and declared what had bin done that day the King thanking him and other the capitains for their pains and diligence The king laye here at Arkes till Monday the first of August and then remoued to a village mydwaye betwixte Tyrwyn and Sainte Omers where he laye tyll Thursdaye the fourth of August and came that day in good order of battaile before the citie of Tyrwyn and there pight vp his tents and pauillions in moste royal maner The K. coÌ„meth to the siege fencing his campe righte strongly with ordinance and other warlyke deuises The ordinaunce that was planted against the walles did sore beate and breake the same and on the other side they within the town were no niggardes of their shotte wherewyth they hurt slew many of the Englishmen in their â—…renches Also the FreÌ„che army lay houering a loose to take what aduantage they coulde of the Englishe forragers and other that went abâ—…de There were certaine light horsemen amongest the FrenchmeÌ„ of the parties of Greece and Albany â—…es called Estradiotes with shorte stieropes beuer hattes small speares and swordes lyke Turkishe Cimiteries with these Estradiotes or Albanoises the Northerne lyght horsemen oftentymes skirmished and tooke dyuers of theÌ„ prisoners Whilest the Englishemen thus laye before Terrouanne the Captaine of Bolongne asseÌ„bled to the number of a M. men the which setting forward one Euening came to NewnhaÌ„ bridge by thre of the clock in the morning findyng the watchmen a slepe entred the bulwarke and slew them â—…en 〈◊〉 â—…ping 〈…〉 Then letting the bridge fall all entred that were appointed The capitaine of Bolongne kepte .vj. C. men for a stale at the bridge and sente the other into the Marishes and Medows to fetche away the beasts and cattaile which they should finde there This was
trade in that behalfe The King vnderstanding howe his subiectes were handled at Burdeaux by the Frenche kings commandement in breach of the league An. reg 14. the Frenche Ambassador was called afore the Counsell The Frenche Ambassador is called before the counsell and the Cardinall layde sore to hys charge that contrarie to his promise at all tymes made on the Frenche kyng his masters behalf affirming that he ment nothing but peace and amitie to be obserued in all poyntes with the Kyng of England yet nowe the English Merchaunts had not onely theyr goods stayed at Burdeaux but also they and theyr factors were layde in prison in full breach of all peace and amitie aforetime concludad The ambassador in words so wel as he could excused his master but in the end he was commaunded to kepe his house and the French hostages that were appoynted here to remain for the money to be payde for the deliuerie of Turney were committed to the safe keeping of the Lord of Saint Iohns sir Thomas Louell The Frenchemen in Londō are all arested and put to their fines sir Andrew Windsor and sir Thomas Neuill euery of them to haue one Herewith also all the Frenchmen in London wee arrested cōmitted to prisō Polidor put to their fines but they wer more curteously vsed than the Englishemen were in Frāce for after they had bin in durācex days they wer set at libertie vpon finding sureties in appere before y e Maior or else afore the coūsel at a certain day to pay y e fine vpon thē assessed which fine the King pardoned to diuers of the poorest sort But in cōparison of the Scottishe nation you would haue saide All the Scottes in Englande apprehended and fined the Frenchemen were in small displeasure for not only those that were borne in Scotlande but also diuers Northernmen borne within English ground for enuious spyte called Scottes were apprehended imprisoned and grieuously fined although some of them by strayte enquirie t◅yed to be Englishmen escaped without paying the fyne The nauy setteth forthe Ther were sent to the sea vnder the conduite of sir William fitz William viceadmiral .xxviij. goodly ships wel manned and trimmed for the warres and .vij. other ships were sente towardes Scotlande whiche entred the Forth and profered to enter the Scottish ships that laye in the hauens but the Scots ranne theyr shippes a lande and the Englishmenne followed with boates landed and sette the shippes on fyre and at Lith tooke certain prisoners which they brought into Englande and still the kings great Nauie kepte the narowe seas for then was neither peace betwixt England and France nor opē warres The K. vnderstanding y t the emperor wold come to Caleis so to passe into Engl. as he went towards Spayn appointed the Lord Marques Dorset to goe ouer to Calais there to receiue him and likewise the Lord Cardinall was appoynted to receiue him at Douer Cardinall Wolsey hys pomp when he receiued the Emperour at Douer The Cardinall takyng his iourney forward the twentith of May rode through Lōdon accompanied with two Erles sixe and thirtie knightes and an hundred Gētlemen eyght Byshops ten Abbots thittie Chaplaynes all in veluet and sattin and yeomen seauen hundred The Marquesse Dorses was gone ouer before vnto Calais and the fiue and twenteth of May being Sonday the said Marquesse The Marques Dorset receyueth the Emperour at Graueling with the Byshop of Chichester the Lorde de la Ware diuers other at y t water of Graueling receiued the Emperoure in the name of the K. of England and with all honor brought him to Calais where he was receiued with procession by the L. Berneis lieutenant of the towne by the Maior and Merchantes of the Staple in the best maner that might be deuised On the Monday hee tooke shippe at Calais The Emperor landeth at Douer and landed at Douer where the Cardinall with three hundred Lords Knightes and Gentlemen of England was ready to receiue him and with al honor that mighte bee brought him to the Castell where he was lodged On the Wednesday beeing the Ascention euen the king came to Douer and there with great ioy and gladnesse the Emperour and he met On the Friday in the after n◅one they departed from Douer and came that night to Canterbury and so from thence by ensie iourneys to Greenewiche where the Queene receiued hir nephew with all the ioy that might be Heere the Emperour tarried certaine dayes in great solace and pleasure And the more to honor his presende ◅ustes and Tourneys at Grenewich royall iustes and iourneys were appoynted the which were furnished in most triumphant maner The K. and the Earle of Deuonshire and ten aydes with them keeping the place againste the Duke of Suffolke the Marques Dorset and other tenne aydes vppon theyr part On Friday the sixth of Iune the King and the Emperoure with all their companies marched towards London where the City was prepared for their entrie after the maner as is vsed at a coronation so that nothing was forgotten that might set forth the honor of the Citie Sundry pageants were deuised and stages very faire and excellent to behold with such melodie of instruments and other tokēs of ioy and gladnesse that wōder it was to consider the maner thereof The Emperor was lodged at the blacke Friers and all his nobles in y e new palace of Bridewell On Whitsonday beeing the eyght of Iune the Emperour and the King rode to the Cathedrall Churche of Saint Paule and there hearde Masse whiche was song by the Cardinall Note the p◅ of Cardinall Wols◅y that had his trauers and cupbord Before Masse two Barons gaue him water and after the Gospell two Earles and at y e last lauatorie two dukes which pride the Spanyards sore disdeyned The Emperoure thus remained with the K. certaine dayes and rode to diuers places wyth him beeing stil feasted and banquested and had all the pleasure shewed to him that mighte be imagined At Windesor they carried a whole weeke and more where on Corpus Christiday the Emperoure ware his mantell of the ga◅ter and sate in his owne stall Before the Emperour was thus come to Winchester the Earle of Surrey being highe Admirall of Englande was come to Hampton with all the Kings nauie and with him the L. Fitzwater the baron Curson sir Nicholas Carewe sir Richard Wingfielde sir Richard Ierningham Francis Brian sir William Barentine sir Adrian Foskew sir Edward Done sir Edwarde Chamberlaine sir Richarde Co◅nwall sir Anthonie Poynes sir Henrie Sh◅boen and the Viceadmirall sir William Fitzwilliam sir Edmunde Bray sir Gyles Capell sir Williā Pirton Iohn Cornewalles sir Iohn Wallop sir Edward Echingham sir William Sidney Anthonie Browne Gyles Husey Thomas More Iohn Russell Edwarde Bray Henrie Owen George Cobham Thomas Owdhall Thomas Louell Robert Ierningham Anthonie Kniuet sir Iohn Tremayle and sir William Scauington the Maister of the kings ordinance
pardon to all suche as did reioyce in the same reconciliation The eyght and twentith of Nouember nexte following it was commonly reported that the Queene was quicke with childe and therefore commaundemente was gyuen by Edmonde Bonner then Byshoppe of London and as it was sayde not withoute the commaundement of the Counsell that there shoulde bee made in most solemne manner one generall Procession in London wherein the Maior and all the companyes of the Citie were in theyr liueries at whose returne to the Churche of Poules there was song very solemnely Te Deum for ioy thereof The second daye of December beeing Sonday Cardinall Poole came to Poules Churche in London with great pomp hauing borne before hym a Crosse two pillers and two pollaxes of siluer and was there solemnely receyued by the Byshoppe of Winchester Chancelloure of Englande who mette hym with Procession And shortly after Kyng Philippe came from Westminster by lande beeyng accompanyed with a greate number of hys Nobles And the same day the Byshoppe of Winchester preached at Poules Crosseâ—… in the whyche Sermon hee declared that the Kyng and Queene hadde restored the Pope to hys ryghte of primacie and that the three estates assembled in Parliamente representyng the whole bodye of the Realme hadde submitted themselues to hys holynesse and to his successors for euer And in the same also hee greately praysed the Cardinall and sette forth the passing hygh authoritie that hee hadde from the Sea of Rome â–ª with muche other glorious matter in the commendation of the Churche of Rome whyche hee called the Sea Apostolike The Sermon beeyng ended the Kyng and the Cardinall rydyng togyther returned to White Hall and the Kyng hadde his sworde borne before hym and the Cardinall had onely hys Crosse and no more The seauen and twentith daye of the sayde moneth Emanuell Philiberte Earle of Sauoy and Prince of Piemount came into Englande accompanyed with dyuers other Lordes and Gentlemen straungers who were receyued at Graues ende by the Earle of Bedforde Lorde priuie seale and conueyd by water through London bridge to White Hall where the King and Queene theÌ„ lay and the ninth of Ianuary next following y e Prince of Orange was in like maner receiued at Graues end and from thence conueid to the Court being at White Hall Vpon Wednesday the â—…2 of December fiue of y e eight men which lay in the Fleete that had passed vpoÌ„ sir Nicholas Throckmortons triall were discharged set at libertie vpon their fyne paid which was two C. and twentie lb a peece The other three put vp a supplicatioÌ„ therin declaring y t their goodes did not amount to y e suÌ„me of y e which they were appointed to pay so vpoÌ„ y t declaration paying .60 lb a peece wer deliuered out of prison on S. Thomas day before Christmas being the one and twentith of December The two and twentith of the same moneth the Parliamente whyche beganne the two and twentith of Nouember before was dissolued wherein among other Actes passed there the statute Ex officio and other lawes made for punishment of Heresies were reuiued But chiefely the Popes most liberall Bull of dispensation of Abbey lande was there confirmed muche to the contentation of manye who not withoute cause suspected by thys new vnion to lose some peece of their late purchase 1555 Vpon Friday the eyghtenth of Ianuary all the Counsell wente vnto the Tower and there the same day discharged and sette at libertie all the prisoners of the Tower or the more parte of them Prisoners deâ—â—â—red namely the late Duke of Northumberlandes sonnes the Lordes Ambrose Roberte and Henrye Also Sir Andrewe Dudley Sir Iames Croftes Sir Nicholas Throckmorton Sir Iohn Rogers Sir Nicholas Arnolde Sir George Harper Sir Edwarde Warner Sir William Sentlow Sir Gawen Carewe William Gibbes Esquier Cutbert Vaughan and dyuers other Moreouer aboute thys season dyuers learned men beeyng apprehended and in prison for matters of Religion were broughte before the Byshoppes of Winchester and London and other the Byshoppes and Commissioners appoynted therefore who vppon the constante standyng of the sayde learned men in their opinions whyche they hadde taken vppon them to mainteine as grounded vppon the true worde of God as they protested proceeded in iudgemente agaynste them and so diuers of them were brente at London in Smithfielde and in dyuers other places as in the Booke of Monuments ye may reade In February next folowing Doctor Thirleby Byshoppe of Ely and Anthony Lord Montagewe with a very honorable traine of Gentlemen and others rode forth of the Citie of London toward Rome as Ambassadors sente from the King and Queene to confirme this newe reconciliation to the Pope William Feâ—â—erston alias â—â—â—estable a 〈◊〉 nameth â—â—â—selfe King â—â—ward the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Stow. A yong stripling whose name was William Fetherston a Millers sonne aboute the age of eyghtene yeares named and bruted himselfe to bee King Edwarde the sixth whereof when the Queene and the counsayle hearde they caused with all diligence enquirie to be made for hym so that hee was apprehended in Southwarke or as other haue at Eltham in Kent the tenth of May brought before the Counsaile at Hampton Court and there examined And it was demaunded of him why hee so named himselfe to the whyche he counterfeyting a manner of simplicitie or rather frensie woulde make no direct aunswere but prayed pardon for hee wist not what hee sayde affirmyng farther that hee was counsayled so to saye and to take vpon him the name whereof hee accused certayne persons but hys talke was not found true wherefore hee was committed to the Marshalsea as a lunatike foole And the eyght and twentith daye of May nexte following the aforesayde counterfeyte Prince was broughte in a carte from the Marshalsea through the Citie of London with a paper ouer hys head wherein was written that he named hymselfe Kyng Edward And from thence was conueyd to Westminster beeyng ledde rounde aboute the Hall and shewed to all the people there and afterwarde taken out of the Carte and stripped and then whipped rounde aboute the Palace at the same Cartes tayle and withoute more punishment was discharged and set at libertie But the nexte yeare following for that hee had spredde abroade that King Edwarde was aliue and that he had spoken with him hee was agayne apprehended and arraigned of hygh treason whereof beeyng condemned he shortly after was drawen to Tiborne and there hanged and quartered the thirtenth of Marche About thys tyme Edward Courtney The Lorde Courtney goeth ouer into Italy Earle of Deuonshire of whome before yee haue heard howe hee was appoynted to remayne at Foâ—…ringhey vnder safe custody at length was sette at libertie came to the Courte and gote licence to passe the Seas wente into Italy where shortly after he sickened and dyed within foureteene dayes after hys sicknesse fyrste tooke hym he was honorably buryed in Padway Thys Courtney was the onely sonne and heyre of
caused to retyre into the Castell which was a place well fortified with strong and massie Bulwarkes of Bricke hauing also a high and mightie ▪ Tower of great force and strength called the Keepe The towne being thus abandoned the French men had the more easie approche to the Castell who thinking to finde quiet lodging in those vacant houses entred the same without any feare And being y e night at their rest as they thought a chosen bande of souldiours appoynted by the Lorde Gray issued out by a posteine of the sayde Castell and slue no small number of their sleepie guestes and the rest they put out of their new lodgings and mangre the Duke and all the French power consumed all the houses of the Towne with fire That notwithstanding the sayd duke with all diligence began his trenches and albeit the shotte of the great artillerie from the Castell was terrible and gaue him great impeachment yet did he continue his worke without intermission and for examples sake wrought in his owne person as a common Pioner or labourer ◅tyne So that within lesse than three dayes he brought to the number of xxxv batterie peeces hard to the brim of the Castell ditche to batter the same on all sides as wel forth right as a crosse But his principall batterie he planted agaynst the strongest Bulwarke of all called Mary Bulwarke thinking by gayning of the strōger to come more easily by the weaker At this assault was slaine of Gentlemen one captaine Bourne an Englishman verie valiant also a Spanish Gentleman and common souldiours to the number of fortie or fiftie There was also sore hurt at the same assault one other Spanish Captaine with diuerse other whom for the auoyding of tediousnesse I let passe The Lorde ◅ray cōmen◅ his soul◅ers At night the Lorde Gray came to the Bulwarke and hauing rendred thankes to God for that dayes good successe did greatly commende them all for theyr manfull defence and valiaunt behauiour exhorting them to continue therein as the onely thing wherein their safetie and good name did rest The batterie as before is tolde hauing layd the Bulwarkes open they within were enforced for winning of a new Vawmure to entrench within the Bulwarke sixe foote deepe and nine in thicknesse which maruellously did strengthen the peece the same being of no great largenesse before By the next day beeing Tuesday they had planted two batteries m◅ the one in the Market place of the Towne to beate a Curteyne of the bodie of the Castell of sixe Canons the other vpon the Rampire of the towne of three peeces to beate the Catte and a flanker of the Barbican which two garded one side of the Mary bulwark This morning they bestowed most in battering at the Flankers which the day before they had felt and in deede wanne euerie one from them within sauing that of the Catte which lay high and somewhat secrete and an other at the ende of a Bray by the gate on the other side of the Bulwarke all the rest as those of the garden Bulwarke which chiefly behelde the maine breach of the Barbican and of the Keepe were quite bereued them And besides the enimie continually interteyned the breach with .viij. or ix tires y e hour In the afternoone about the same houre that they made their attempt the day afore a regimēt of Swisses with certain bands of Frenchmē approched the dike as if presently they would haue giuen the assault but there they did stay sending to the breach only a captain or two seeking therby to haue discouered what flankers yet were left to them within wherin they were preuented the L. Gray hauing before warned the gūners not to disclose them but vpon extremity And thus after an houres play with the harquebush only and a light offer or two of approche this people retired them gaue the Canon place againe which by night had driuen them within a newe to become moldwarps to entrench thēselues with all speed possible The morrow being Wednesday by the peepe of day all the batteries began without intermission held on till one of the clocke in the after noone especially y t in y e market place so preuailed as hauing cleane ruined the old wall did driue through the rampire and a new countermure of earth raysed vpon the same where the L. Gray himselfe sitting vpō a for me The daunger which my lord Gray escaped with sir Henry Palmer and maister Lewes Diue his L. cousin and deputie made a faire escape the forme being striken a sunder vnder thē without any further harm to any of them though sundrie other that day and the other following lost their liues on the same curteyn by the foresayd battrie which ful in flank did beat it wherein yet was his Lordships onely abode as his chiefest place to view and regard the behauiour and need of all the other limmes from which also a quoite might be throwne into Mary bulwarke The enimies Canon as is sayde hauing playd thus all the morning and wel searched as they thought euery corner that flankers might lurke in about the foresaid houre of one of the clock the Englishmē might descrie the trench before the breach to be stuffed with Ensignes the L. Gray streight expecting that which followed gaue word incontinently to euery place to stand on their gard encoraging euery man to continue in their wel begon endeuor A tower y t was called Webs tower yet stāding which flāked one side of the beaten bulwarke he stuffed with .xx. of the best shot w t curriers These things no sooner thus ordred The Swisses and Gascoigns giue the assault but that .viij. or .ix. ensignes of Swisses three of Gascoignes do present themselues vpon the counterscarfe without stay the Gascoignes flew into the ditch run vp the breach whom they within receyue with harquebush shot but they requite the Englishmen againe with two for one The top of the vawmure or rather trench the enimie boldly approcheth the pyke is offred to hād blowes it cōmeth Then the Swisse with a stately leasure steppeth into the ditche close togither marcheth vp the breach the fight increaseth waxeth very hote the breach all couered with the enimies The small shot in Webbes tower began now their parts no bullet that went in vaine on the other side againe .xx. of the Spaniards on the inside of the Brayes had laid themselues close till the heate of the assault then shewing thēselues did no lesse gall the enimies thā the tower Thus went it no lustilier assayled thā brauely defended At last after an hours fight more the gouernors without finding the great slaughter that theyrs went to small auaile and perceyuing the two litle Casemates of the tower Brayes to be the cheifest annoyances did cause a retire to be sounded withall three or four of the canōs in y e market place to be turned vpō Webs tower y e
did Captaine Vaughan stay in the ditch a pretie while and retyred with his men without receyuing any great hurt Wednesday the first of May the Frenche menne sette vp verie early in the morning theyr Maye Polles in certaine Bulwarkes Maypolles set vp in Lieth and fourtene Ensignes the whiche beeing discouered of them in the Campe they saluted them wyth a peale of great Ordinaunce and lykewyse the Frenchmen aunswered them againe and so continued the moste parte of that daye A trench won from the French The same day Iohn Brian Lieutenant to Captaine Capell wanne a Trenche from the French at the west syde of the towne and in despite of them kept it all that day with the losse onely of one man Thursday the seconde of May the Pioners made the Trenches for the Artillerie to be planted in batterie The night following they remoued and placed the same Artillerie in the new Trench and the next morning being Fryday and thirde of May about foure of the clocke the same batterie went off and continued all that day In the after Noone of the same day certaine French men issued out of the west Bulwarke and skyrmishing with the Englishmen on that syde the water returned without anye great hurt The night ensuyng the Pioners made a new Trenche by the Citadell wherein they myghte lodge some shotte and Captayne Vaughan wyth diuerse of the bandes in Montpelham gaue two false assaultes to the towne entred the Ditches and viewed the Flankers wherevppon the Frenche shotte off the same Flankers and manning theyr Walles Captaine Vaughan vieweth the enimies flankers shotte off two or three Volecs of theyr small Artillerie sleayng and hurting to the number of twentie of the Englishmen Among other little Norton lost hys lyfe that nyght and so at length the residue returned Saterday the fourth of May there were three Ensignes appoynted to garde the newe Trenches and towardes night when the ward shoulde bee relieued and the watche sette the Frenche men that were in the Trenche vnder the Citadell made a sally vppon the sodaine wherevppon the Englishmen that garded the sayde Trenche were constrayned to abandon a great parte thereof for a tyme but yet the Englishe menne eftsoones takyng courage The French repulsed layde to them agayne repulsed them and draue them backe into theyr owne Trenches slue foure of them in sight and hurt many other Whylest this was in doing the French had stuffed their Bulwarkes and Rampyres wyth Curriers and Harquebusiers of Croke as thicke as was possible which went off withoute ceassing at the Englishmen for the space of an houre and more The Englishe Artillerie planted in the Trenches did answere them againe continually and the great peeces did muche hurt among them in sight of them that watched in the same Trenches The same nyght the Englishe men conueyed two Culueringes ouer the water to skower the Mylles and before the breake of the daye they hadde burnt one of the same Mylles Sunday the fifth of May early in the morning at the relieuing of the watch The Mylles burnt and entring of the ward foure soldiours that belonged to the great Ordinaunce issued out and set fyre on the other Mylle whiche burnt verie outragiously wythout ceassing for the space of an houre or more The Frenche beganne to assemble towardes the Myll in hope to haue quenched the fire but they were deceyued for sodaynly the Englishe menne cutte two holes through theyr Trenches and placing in the same the two demie Culuerings shotte them off at the Frenchmen so that they were dryuen to forsake the Myll and in theyr retyre some of them were slaine This day also as foure French Gentlemen came forth to discouer the English Trenches Captaine Reade commaunded one of his souldiours to shoote at them but through myshap his peece burst Captain Reaâ—â—e arme â—â—â—ken and a shiuer thereof fiue oute and brake the arme of his sayde captaine Monday the sixt of May the armie lying quiet all the morning in the after noone the English Ordinance on the further side the water began to shoote off agaynst the enimies very hotely so continuing till night This day the Earle of Arguyle and diuerse other noble men of Scotlande â—â—e Earle of Arguyle came to Edenbourgh with two thousande horsemen and footmen who shewed themselues in order of a muster on the hill vnderneath the Castell which being perceyued of the Frenche within Lieth they shotte off three great peeces of Artillerie at them but as God woulde haue it wythout hurt for two of the bullets lighted short and the thirde did fall in a Garden within the towne of Edenbourgh The night ensuing the great Ordinance in the Englishe mens Trenches and Bulwarkes continued shooting on euerie side and herewith commaundement was giuen by the Lord lieutenant and the Counsaile that the whole army should be readie armed with their weapon and furniture according by midnight In the morning by two of the clock the .vij. of May being Tuisday The assault giuen to Lieth 〈◊〉 â—â—nth of â—…y diuerse hands passed forth towards the towne entring the ditches offred the skale other captaines with their men approched the Bulwarkes other there were appointed to enter beside the Mylles Besyde the English bandes commaunded thus to giue the assault there were a thousande Scottes ioyned with them whereof fiue C. with captaine Vaughan such other captaines as were commaunded to attempt the Bulwark next to Montpelham other fiue C. went with such of the English captains as were commaunded to assault the breach beyond the water Moreouer as well the Launces as lyght horsemen The horsemen ioyned to â—…ed the field were assigned to garde the fields Sir George Howard with the Launces keeping betwixt the Forte of Montpelham and the Sea Westward and sir Henrie Percie with the light horsmen betwixt the campe and the Sea Eastward The rest of the footemen that went not to the assault were also appoynted to garde the trenches and fielde in such wise as was thought expedient so that perfite direction was giuen in euerie behalfe by the Lorde Lieutenant and other of the Counsayle and vpon warning gyuen by Captaine Rondall Sergeant Maior suche as hadde beene commaunded to giue the assaulte in theyr seuerall appoynted places preassed forwarde wyth courage ynough and boldly aduentured to climbe the Walles and enter at the breaches but yet theyr attempte wanted the wyshed successe for what through the Frenche mennes policie in stopping the currant of the Ryuer that nyght and other deuyses for theyr owne safegarde and the annoyance of the assaylantes and what by reason of the vnfitnesse of the Ladders beeing too shorte by two yardes and more The English men repulsed the assaylantes were repulsed For duryng the whole tyme of the assaulte whiche continued for the spare of an houre and an halfe the Frenche shotte off theyr Flankers and mainteyned their shot from the walles so thicke that it seemed a
verie hell for the time They also hurled downe ouer the Walles vppon the assaylantes heades greate plentie of stones logges and mightie peeces of tymber which did muche hurt to the English men and Scottes that forced themselues to climbe vp But yet neuerthelesse manye there were that entered the Towne in sundrye places of the whyche some came backe agayne although others were beaten downe and slaine To conclude at length all that escaped with lyfe were forced to retyre with the losse of seuen or eyght skore Englishmen some haue sayde two hundred which were slaine outryght The number slaine and hurt at the assault besyde those that were wounded being in number at the least two or three hundred and amongest other there were dyuerse Capitaynes and Gentlemen that were hurt as Syr Thomas Hesketh Maister Sutton Maister Newporte maister Conwey Captaine Wood Thomas Fitton with others Vppon the repulse thus giuen to our men by the French they aduaunced and set vp fourtene Ensignes presentlye aboute the Towne and continewed otherwyse quyet all that daye Wednesday the eyght of May in the after Noone sir George Howarde and sir Richarde Lee departed towardes Barwike wyth certayne Companies of Horsemen for their safeconduction Thursday the ninth of May the Frenchmen wrought verie earnestly within the towne to fortifie the necessarie places and repayre the breaches euen in the face of the English ordinance which went off dyuerse tymes and dyd them much hurt The same daye also the Frenche hadde manned to the Sea wardes a Boate fraught wyth fyftie Harquebusiers meaning to conuey them ouer to Insketh but the Englishe Shippes discouering them prepared certayne Boates to encounter them whereof they beyng aware returned Fryday the tenth of May Maister Inglebie Captaine Pickman A supply from Barwike and Captain Browne came to the Campe from Berwike with a supplie of .450 souldiours The same day aboute tenne of the clocke at night there chaunced a brawle to fall oute among the Scottes that watched in the trenches nearest vnto the Towne of Lieth an the West side insomuch that one of them fell to and killed an other which disorder being perceyued of the French within Lieth they issued out and ment to haue vsed the aduantage but the English men that watched neare vnto the Scottes stayed the fray and did not onely bring them to quiet but also put the French men to flight Sunday the .xij. of May about midnight the Frenchmen to the number of two hundred sallied forth of the towne minding to giue a camisado to the Englishe men that kept watche that night in the trenches at the West side of Montpelham but they were discried and certaine of them killed and so had the repulse Sir Fraunces Leake bringeth a supply to the campe Wednesday the .xv. of May sir Frauncis Leake came to the campe with a supplie of fiue hundred men from Barwike Thursday the .xvj. of May towardes night the Frenchmen to the number of one hundred footmen and .xxx. horsemen came abroade shewed themselues very braue skirmishing with the English men at the west end of their towne Tuisday the .xxj. of May about .vij. of the clocke at night there issued forth of Lieth sixe horsemen and one hundred footmen Harquebusiers marching towarde Montpelham to offer skirmish A skirmish wherevpon Captaine Vaughan went forth to them verie orderlye and skyrmished with them a pretie while and in the meane tyme off went the greate Ordinance on both sides In the end the French men were driuen to retyre into the towne for the English men shewed themselues verie egre and valiantly charged their enimies put them to retyre and chased them in at theyr gates The French men chased to the whiche they followed them right hardily The same night maister Frauncis Somerset and other Captaines were appoynted to kepe a Fort buylt aboue the campe and now finished tooke name of him being Captaine thereof and was after called Somersets Mount. Somersets Mount The same day a souldiour of captain Druries band was hāged for going to Edenbourgh contrarie to a Proclamation inhibiting any soldiour so to do without speciall licence Sir Peter Carew Wednesday the .xxij. of May sir Peter Carew came to the Campe beeing sent from the Court. Thursday the .xxiiij. of May at seuen of the clocke at night the French sallied forth to the number of two hundred footmen and .xx. horsemen at the relief of the wardes when the watch shoulde be set meaning as it appeared to haue woonne the Trenches from the Englishmen wherevpon a sore skyrmishe followed dyuerse slaine and many hurt on both partes yet in the ende the Frenche menne were dryuen home by plaine force This was at the West syde of the towne where they had fortified towards the Sea The same day the Frenchmen of Dunbarre tooke an English Hay laden with double beere An English hoy taken biefe oxen and flitches of bakon Saterday the .viij. of Iune sir Iohn Neuill with CCC men Captaine Bridges and captaine Drurie with other three hundred set from Barwike towards the campe where they arryued on Monday the .x. of Iune The Queene Dowager departeth this life on which day the Queene Dowager departed this life The .xiij. of Iune sir William Cicill principal Secretarie to the Queenes Maiestie now Lorde Burley and high Treasorer of England and Doctor Wotton deane of Canterburie and Yorke came to Barwike appoynted Commissioners on hir sayde Maiesties behalfe to treate of an accorde with the Conte de Randon and the bishop of Valence cōmissioners sent for that purpose from the French king and his wife Marie Queene of Scotland The .xiiij. of Iune being Fryday a certaine number of French men came forth of Lieth to gather Cockles on the Sands towards Montpelham The French gather cockles to their hin◅derance whereof the Englishmen perceyuing set vpon them slue .lxx. and tooke xvj of them prysoners On Sunday the .xvj. of Iune the foreremembred commissioners came to Edenbourgh Sir William Cicil and doctor Wotton came to Edenbourgh and as maister Secretarie and Doctor Wotton passed the English fortes and campe they were saluted with a gallant peale of the harquebusters that shot off their harquebusses verse liuely Monday the .xvij. of Iune about eight of the clocke an abstinence of warre was concluded warning being giuen by the discharging of two peeces of the great artillerie out of the Castell and then the Frenchmen shewed and aduaunced themselues vpon their rampiers Saterday the .xxij. of Iune the abstinence was broken of which till then had beene truely kept and obserued Thursday the fourth of Iuly about three of the clock in the after noone the French came out of Lieth according to their accustomed maner to gather Cockles whervpon the Lord Lieutenant being at that present in Montpelham sent a Drumme vnto Monsieur Doysell to signifie to him that his soldiours had gone further without theyr boundes than they might do by the order taken
Merchandise But at length they haue compounded their controuersies and are growen to a full agreement and perfect conclusion of peace whiche God graunt may take place so effectually as may turne to the quietnesse and publique cōmoditie not onely of those countreys but of their neighbours whereby Merchants and passengers may in suertie passe to and fro without disturbance so as no occasion be giuē of breach of leagues and amities betwixt Princes and Countreys but that the same may be mainteyned to Gods glorie and the suretie of the Christian common wealth Walter Deueroux Earle of Essex and Eu Earle Marshall of Ireland Knight of the moste noble order of the Garter fell sicke of a loosenesse of his body the .xxj. of August being Fryday and for the space of .xxij. dayes togither hee was so greeuously tormented therewith The Earle of Essex departeth this lyfe that finally on Saturday the .xxij. of September hee departed out of this transitorie life passing from hence to the ioyes of heauen as by his godly ende all that were aboute him haue giuen testimonie The losse of this noble man was greatly bemoned aswell by the English as Irish for the noble courage vertuous qualities and tender zeale to the aduauncement of the common wealth whiche appeared in him The .x. of Nouember a proclamation was published for the free traffike of Merchants to be restored as had bene accustomed in times paste betwixte the Kingdomes and Countreys of the Queenes Maiestie of England and the King of Portingall whiche traffique had bene discontinued by reason of certayne stayes and arrestes made of diuers subiectes on bothe partes with their goodes and shippes But now it was accorded in name of both their Maiesties that all maner of bothe their subiectes of what kingdome or countrey so euer they be from the .xv. day of the sayde moneth might vse the like mutuall traffique for marchādices and in the same places that is to say hir Maiesties subiects in the kingdomes of Portingale and Algarbia and in the Isles of Medera and Azore and likewise the subiectes of the King of Portingale in Englande and Irelande as they were lawfully accustomed before the sayde arrestes This restitution of the sayde traffique to remayne from the sayde .xv. day of Nouēber in this yeare .1576 during the space of three yeares next ensuing At the end of which terme if by the sayde Princes in the meane time it be not otherwise prouided for continuance of the sayd traffique to endure perpetually no new arrestes shal be made of any things brought into the kingdomes and Isles aforesayde of either of the sayd Princes during the time of the sayd .iij. yeares It was further agreed by the said Princes for the more sure preseruation of the amitie frēdship betwixt them their sayd realmes subiectes that neither of them shall receyue any Pirate or rouer into any of the portes or creekes of either of the Realmes Dominiōs and Countreys whiche may or shall haue committed any Piracie or robberie vpon eyther of their subiects nor shall shewe any fauour giue any ayde or succour or suffer any to be giuen directly or indirectly to the sayde Rouers or Pirates Neither shall they during the time of the sayde amitie in either of their kingdomes or any place of their dominiōs fauour entertaine receiue or reteyne nor suffer to be fauoured entertayned receyued or retained by any of their subiects and rebelles traytours or fugitiues subiects to either of them Thus farce haue I continued this collection of the English Histories noting briefly in these later yeares suche things as I finde in the abridgement of Richarde Grafton and in the Summarie of Iohn Stow increased somwhat as may appeare in places with such helpes as haue come to my hande humbly beseeching the Reader to accept the same in good parte and to pardon me where I haue not satisfied his expectation sithe herein I must confesse I haue nothing contented my selfe but yet at the request of others haue done what I could and not what I would for wante of conference with suche as might haue furnished mee with more large instructions such as had bene necessarie for the purpose But now to obserue the order which hitherto I haue followed in mencionyng of such writers of our nation as liued in the dayes of other Princes I haue thought good to write also the names of some of those that haue flourished in the time of the peaceable reigne of our soueraigne Lady Queene Elizabeth whose happie state with long life the Lorde maynteyne Of whiche wryters as there are many some departed and others yet liuing so the greate number of workes Treatises Poesies Translations and Pamphlets by them published to the world may fully witnesse the flourishing state of the Muses in these dayes of peace in the which learning is bothe cherished and the studious enioye their wisshed quietnesse the better to encourage them to vtter their talentes Suche therefore as I finde eyther rehearsed by Maister Bale or els otherwise shall come to my memorie I meane thus to recorde their names as followeth REginald Poole Cardinall Mathew Parkar late Archbishop of Cantorbury doctor of Deuinitie a great searcher of antiquities deseruing well of all those that are studious therein for the furtherance of whose knowledge he restored many auncient Monumentes to good perfection and caused some to bee published in Prince to his highe prayse and commendation Edmond Grindall now Archbishop of Cant. Iames Pilkinton late bishop of Duresme Myles Couerdale sometime bishop of Excester Iohn White once bishop of Winchester Edmond Bonner once bishop of London who for his wilfull obstinacie was emprysoned in the Marshalse where he died Raphe Bane once byshop of Couentrie and Lichfielde Iohn Iewell late bishop of Sarum William Barlow late bishop of Chichester Robert Horne bishop of Winchester Iohn Scory bishop of Hereford Edmonde Freake bishop of Norwiche Iohn Aelmer bishop of London Thomas Cooper bishop of Lincolne Iohn Parkhurst late bishop of Norwiche Alley late bishop of Execster Sir William Cecill Lord Thresourer Lorde Wentworth Lord Buckhurst Sir Thomas Smith knight Sir Anthony Cooke knight Sir Thomas Chalenor knight Sir Iohn Price knight Sir Iohn Conwey Knight Sir Humfrey Gilbert knight Thomas Hobbey William Stanford Edmond Ploydon Robert Brooke Iohn Rastell William Fleetewood Walter Haddon Thomas Wilson now Embassadour for the Queene in the lowe Countreys who had sometimes charge of the bringyng vp of those two worthy impes Henry Duke of Southfolke and Charles his brother both sonnes to Charles Brandon somtime Duke of Southfolke whose towardnesse was suche as was well worthy of their calling but it pleased God to call them by the sweate Anno. 1551. the elder firste and the yonger after so that they bothe died Dukes whiche I forgote to note in the place where I made mention of the same sicknesse Iohn Man Iohn Hales Thomas Norton William Lambert Iohn Foxe Alexander Nowell Iohn Whiteguiste Thomas Becon William Turner