Selected quad for the lemma: day_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
day_n	feast_n	great_a	tabernacle_n	3,702	5	10.4537	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A39821	The manners of the Israelites in three parts. I Of the patriarchs. 2. Of the Israelites after their coming out of Egypt until the captivity of Babylon. 3 Of the Jews after their return from the captivity until the preaching of the Gospel. Shewing their customs secular and religious, their generous contempt of earthly grandeur. And the great benefit and advantage of a plain laborious, frugal, and contented life.; Moeurs des Israélites. English	Fleury, Claude, 1640-1723.	1683 (1683)	Wing F1364A; ESTC R218945	81,805	250

Temple within the Veil but only to offer Incense and Loaves and to kindle the Lamps But none save the High-Priest entred into the most Holy Place and that too but once a year We are offended at the Bloudy Sacrifices which made the Temple a Slaugher-house and Kitchin But the same thing was done by all Nations Besides the proper functions of the Priests were only to sprinkle the Blood kindle the Fire and put those portions upon it which were to be offered up It was the parties that kill'd the Sacrifices who prepared them cut 'em to pieces and caused them to be broil'd Which we see in the Law and in the History of the Sons of Heli. However the Priests did the same functions at the publick Sacrifices that were offer'd for all the People Hence come those Figures which might seem to us low and mean in Jeremy and Ezechiel to whom God represents Jerusalem by the Image of a Pot. Those two Prophets were Priests and accustomed to see the Sanctify'd Meats made ready Now whatsoever served to the worship of God and the execution of his Law they esteemed great and noble And besides it was ordinary for the best sort of people to work with their own hands and for themselves to do as I have said the things necessary for life So in Homer the great King Agamemnon kill'd the Lambs himself the blood of which were the seal of the Treaty he made with the Trojans So King Nestor Sacrificing to Minerva his Sons killed the Victime cut it to pieces and broyl'd them Homer is full of the like examples Moreover all that is prescrib'd in the Law touching the quality and form of Sacrifices did tend more to hinder Superstition and reduce the Israelites to so small a number of Ceremonies than to introduce new ones The Idolaters Sacrific'd many more sorts of Living Creatures and in many more places since they had Temples and Altars every where and each Family had it's Domestick Gods and particular Superstitions Thus God a long while before-hand prepared his People to abolish those bloody Sacrifices often telling them at the same time by his Prophets that they were not necessary nor essential to Religion and that the worship most pleasing to him lay in praises and the conversion of the Hearts It was necessary that the Priests should be marryed if it were only upon this account since the Priest-hood was established in the Family of Aaron But they were parted from their Wives during the time of their Service We do not see that any function of civil life was interdicted them and they bore arms as well as others They performed the very Office of Trumpeters both in the Army and every where else For they made use of Silver Trumpets to give notice of the Feasts and to call the People to publick prayers And the name of Jubily comes from a Rams-horn which was sounded to make known the opening of that Feast The Ancient Monks of Egypt kept up this Custome of Sounding the Trumpet to shew the hours of Prayer For the use of Bells is of a later Date The Feasts of the Israelites were the Sabbath of each week the first day of each month call'd with us the Calends or Nehomenis because they reckoned their moneths at least in the later times from the day the Moon began to appear They had likewise three Solemn days the Passeover Pentecost and the Feast of Tabernacles established in memory of three great blessings which they had received from God their going forth out of Egypt the Publication of the Law and their establishment in the Land of promise The Sacrifices were multiplyed on feast-Feast-days But they offered every day two Lambs for an Holocaust both Morning and Evening And this is what they called the perpe●ual Sacrifice Their year consisted of twelve months of thirty days each much like to ours It was thus regulated ever since Noah as appears by the dates of the Deluge but 't is credible that it then began at the Autumnal Equinox Moses was commanded to begin it in the Spring in the Month Abib which was that of the Passeover And with reference it is to that Month that the others are computed which are only named by their number They correspond much with our Roman Months the names whereof come from the Ancient year which began in the Month of March Thus the eight Month is October at least in part the ninth is November and so of others CAP. XIX Fast Vow THe Fasts of the Israelites were attended with all I have set down when I spoke of their Mourning for Fasting and Mourning were the same thing So that it did not consist in only eating later but in afflicting themselves all manner of ways The wholeday they spent without drinking or eating until night And this is not only still practis'd by the Jews but both they and the primitive CHRISTIANS have been imitated herein by the Mahometans They remain'd silent in Sack-cloath and as●es and did all the rest of what I have said about Mourning By sound of Trumpet the Publick Fasts as well as Feasts were proclaim'd All the People assembled in the Temple of Jerusalem at other Cities in the Publick place Lectures of the Law were held there and the most venerable Elders exhorted the People to confess their Sins and repent On those days were kept no Weddings and even Husbands abstained from their Wives The Law had commanded but one day alone for Fasting the Tenth of the seventh Month which was the Feast of Expiation But in and from the time of the Prophet Zechariah they reckon'd two others one in the fifth Month and the other in the Tenth They had several extraordinary ones some in the publick calamities as was the Famine Joel speaks of others in particular afflictions as the Fasts of David for the sickness of the Child that issue of his crime and for the Death of Abner and on many other occasions which he mentions in the Psalms In short there were Fasts that were kept out of meer Devotion for the performing of some Vow They were very Religious in observing their Vows and their Oaths As for their Vows the example of Jephta is but too strong and for their Oaths Joshua kept the promise he had made to the Gibconites tho it was founded upon a manifest deceit because he had Sworn to 'em in the name of the Lord. Saul would have put his Son Jonathan to death for having violated the prohibition he had made with an Oath tho Jonathan only sin'd out of Ignorance We find among them several other the like examples Very seriously they made those Solemn Promises and gave themselves no Liberty to interpret them To swear by the name of God was an act of Religion since that Oath distinguished the Israelites from those who swore by the name of false Gods

which we find in the inventory of Elisha's movables was apparently one of those great Candlesticks that were placed on the ground to hold one or more Lamps Till then and a long time afterwards that is to say in the time of the Romans nothing was burnt but Oyl to give light And for this reason we meet so frequently in Scripture with the expression of Lamp for all that enlightens the body or mind that conducts and that makes men to rejoyce There 's no likelihood they had Tapistries in their houses None such are used in any of the hot Countries in regard naked Walls are much cooler They only made use of Foot-carpets to sit or lye down on and the use of them is shewn in Ezechiel amidst the Merchandizes which the Arabians brought to Tyre Mention is likewise made of Carpets among the Refreshments that were carried to David Which gives us reason to believe the 〈◊〉 made use of them in the 〈◊〉 for in their houses they had seats Their houses were different from ours in all that we still see in hot Countries Their roofs are terrassed their windows only shut with Lattcies or with curtains there are no Chimnies They lye as low as possible That the roofs were flat in the Land of Israel and in the Countries round about many proofs there are in Scripture Rahab conceal'd the spies of Joshua upon the roof of her house When Samuel declared to Saul that God had chosen him for King he made him lye all night upon the roof a thing still usual in hot Countries David was walking upon the roof of his Palace when he saw Bathsheba washing her self Absolom caused a Tent to be pitch'd on the roof of the same Palace when he abused his fathers Concubines that no body might be ignorant of that action which was as the taking possession of the Kingdom They went upon the roofs in great Alarums as we may see by a couple of passages in Isaih All this does shew the reason of that Law which ordered a Wall to be made round about the roofs for leaning lest that some might be kill'd by falling down and also does explain that expression in the Gospel What has been told you in the ear publish it on the House-tops Each House was a Scaffold ready set up for any that had a mind to make themselves heard afar of The barrs of the Windows are shown in the Proverbs and Canticles of Solomon and in the History of the death of Ahaziah King of Israel When King Johachim burnt the book which Jeremiah had written by command Divine he was in his winter apartment seated before a fire of a Pan of coals From whence we may conclude they had no Chimnyes which truely are the inventions of cold Countries In hot ones they content themselves in case they have Furnaces for the Kitchin They built very much with Stone and knew how to cut it into large portions In the Edifices of Solomon we have mention made of Stones of eight and ten cubits which are twelve and Fifteen Feet and by what is there named costly Stones unquestionably is meant a certain sort of Marble The beauty of their Buildings consisted less in ornaments placed in some parts than in the intire form of the whole in the cut and joyning of the Stones They took care that all should be well united and in good proportion to the lead square and compass Thus Homer speaks of the Buildings which he commends and we still admire this kind of beauty in the structures of the Ancient Egyptians The Israelites made use of sweet scented-woods as Cedar and Cyprus to wainscote the buildings of the Wealthy in their making of Pillars and Columns Which we see by the Temple and the Palaces of Solomon And David says he dwelt in an house of Cedar to import that he was lodged magnificently CAP. XI Their Food AS for what concerns their Table they ate sitting as the Greeks in the days of Homer And 't is necessary to observe it for the distinction of times For afterwards it is said since the Reign of the Persians that they did eat lying upon beds like the Persians and the Eastern people from whom the Greeks and Romans borrowed likewise that custom The Regular people did eat after having wrought and that very late For this cause to eat and drink in the morning denotes Disorder and Debauchery Very plain was their Food For the most part they talked only of eating bread and drinking water From whence it comes that the word Bread is usually taken in Scripture for all manner of meats They broke their bread without cutting it because they only made little long or thin loaves as is still done in several Countries The first favour Boaz granted to Ruth was to drink of the same water with his People to come eat with him and to dip her bread in vinegar And we see by the Complements she made him that this favour was no small one We may judge of their most ordinary Victuals by the entertainments which David received on sundry occasions form Abigail from Ziba and from Barzillai and by the Provisions those people brought who came to him in Hebron The different kinds shewn there are bread and wine wheat and barley flower of them both beans and lentels dryed Pease Grapes and Figs Honey Butter Oyl Sheep Oxen and fatted Calves Among these particulars were several sorts of grain and pulse which were indeed the most ordinary food of the Ancient Egyptians And the Romans in the best times and when they most of all applyed themselves to Agriculture did scarcely live on any thing else 'T is well known from whence comes the illustrious names of Fabius Piso Cicero and Lentulus We see the use that the Israelites made of Milk by the counsel and command of the wise-man Thou shalt have Goats Milk enough for thy food and for the maintenance of thy Household Tho it was permitted them to eat fish I don't see there is mention made of their doing so but in the latter times 'T is believed that the Ancients despis'd it as a sustenance too light and delicate ●or robust and hearty men nor is there indeed any report made thereof in Homer or in any Grecian Writer of the Heroitick times Neither do we find among the Hebrews any Sauces or Ragousts Their feasts were composed of fat and solid meats They reckon'd Milk and Honey for the greatest Delicacies imaginable And truly before that Sugar was brought from the Indies nothing was known more pleasing to the tast than honey The Offerings commanded by the Law shew that in the days of Moses they had divers sorts of Pastries some mingled with and others fryed in Oyl Here is now an occasion to speak of the distinction of meats allowed or prohibited by the Law It was not peculiar to the Hebrews to abstain

us very harsh They speak often of certain secret Infirmities in Men and Women that we should not dare to name and without scruple name some things the names of which we very carefully avoid All these differences do only proceed from the distance of times and places The greatest part of words which are uncivil according to the present use of our Tongue were formerly civil having other sorts of Ideas annext to 'em And at this day the Levantines especially the Mahometans have ridiculous niceties for certain beastly things which do nought concern manners while they give themselves all manner of Liberty in the most infamous Pleasures But to come to the Israelites 't is likewise observable that they spoke more freely of what concerns the meterial of Marriage in regard none among 'em renounced it and those who wrote were very Serious men and generally advanced in years CAP. XVI Of their Pleasures THeir mild and quiet life joyn'd to the beauty of the Country did incline them to Pleasures But their Pleasures were sensible and easy having few others but those of good Chear and Musick Their Feasts as I have said were of plain Meats which they took at home and their Musick cost them less most of 'em being Skill'd in playing upon Instruments The good old Barzillai only reckon'd these two Pleasures when he said he was too old to Relish Life and the Son of Syrach compares that entertainment to a Carbuncle set in Gold Thus Vlysses did frankly vow amongst the Phaeaces that he knew no other felicity than a Feast accompanied with Musick The same pleasures we see in the Rebukes which the Prophets gave to those Persons who misused them But they added thereto the excess of Wines Crowns of Flowers and perfumes as we see was practis'd by the Greeks and Romans We see the particulars of their Perfumes in the Canticles and other parts of Scripture But chiefly in the Law where it prescribes the composition of two sorts which were to be offer'd to God the one dry the other Liquid and those druggs were the most Odoriferous that were known before the finding out of Musk and Amber They took delight to eat in Gardens under Trees and Arbours For 't is natural in hot Countries to seek out Air and love the Fresco So that when Scripture would shew a time of Prosperity it says Every one did eat and drink under his own Vine and own Fig-tree which are Fruit-trees whose Leaves are largest Their application to Husbandry did not permit them to make Feasts every day and every day to take their pleasures as most part of our wealthy People do now But it served to make 'em relish them the better Thus they had times of Rejoycing their Sabbath-days and all the other Feasts set down by the Law Marriage sharing of booty after the Victory Sheep-shearing the Harvest and the Vintages in each particular Territory where the Neighbours assembled to help one another Well known it is that the Festivals of Bacchus and Ceres had their rise among the Grecians from such occasions of Joy whereof there are Traces still seen in Countries where Vine-yards are The Israelites had no prophane sights They contented themselves with the Ceremonies of Religion and the preparation of Sacrifices which must needs have been very magnificent since the Temple was the most stately building in all the Country and there were above thirty two thousand Levites destined to serve therein I do not see they used either Gaming or Hunting which we reckon among our greatest divertisment As for Gaming it seems they were absolutely ignorant of it the very name being not so much as found in all the Scripture Not but that the Indians had already invented Games if what we are told of them be true But still at this day the Arabians and other Oriental Nations do not Play at any Games of Hazard As for Hunting or Fowling they were not unknown to the Israelites But they applyed themselves that way less for pleasure than for the advantage of furnishing their Tables and the saving and preserving their Corn and their Vineyards For of Traps and Snares they speak often and we do not find that even their Kings were provided of Dogs and other equipages for that Sport Undoubtedly they would have rendred themselves very odious should they have rid or run over their till'd Lands or kept any creature that might have done mischief The great chaces are plac'd in the vast Forrests and uncultivated Lands of cold Countries CAP. XVII Their Mourning for the Dead AFter their Rejoycings let us speak of Mourning and the marks of Affliction The Ancients went not into Mourning only for the death of their Relations but as often as any misfortune hap'ned to them And their Mourning did not solely consist in changing Cloaths The causes of Mourning were either publick Calamities as a Mortality a general Famine or an invasion of enemies or particular Misfortunes the death of a Relation or a Friend if he was dangerously sick or in Captivity or if one was accused of an hanious crime The signs of Mourning among the Iraelites were to rent their Garments as soon as they heard of Ill-news or when they hap'ned to be present at some great evil as a Blasphemy or any other sin against God to beat the Breast to put their hands upon their head to uncover it and to cast dust and ashes thereon instead of Perfumes which they us'd on occasions of Joy and lastly to shave the Beard and Head On the other side the Romans who were wont to shave let their hair grow in time of Mourning As long as that lasted they were neither to anoint or wash themselves but to wear sordid and torn apparel or Sack-cloath that is to say a straight and narrow suit without foldings and by Consequence disagreeable They call'd them Cilices because they were made of coarse Camlet or of some such like coarse and heavy Stuff They had their feet bare as well as their heads but their Faces covered Their Mourning was attended with fasting That is as long as it continued they either did eat nothing at all or they did not eat till after the Sun 's setting and then very common Meats and some Pulse and drank nothing but Water They remained shut up sitting on the Ground or lying on ashes kept a profound silence never opened their mouths unless to lament or Sing Doleful Songs The Mourning for the Deceased generally lasted seven days and seldom any longer But Widows there were who continued their Mourning all their days as Judith and Anna the Prophetess Thus their Mourning was not as ours a meer Ceremony of which only People of Qual●ty do regularly acquit themselves It contain'd all the natural Consequences of a real Grief for men in great afflictions take no care to deck or keep themselves neat hardly ever speak without it be in Plaints do not shew themselves openly but shun all Divertisements