Selected quad for the lemma: day_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
day_n	fair_a	night_n	noon_n	5,478	5	12.2592	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A60739	Polygraphice, or, The arts of drawing, engraving, etching, limning, painting, washing, varnishing, gilding, colouring, dying, beautifying, and perfuming in four books : exemplifyed in the drawing of men, women, landskips, countries and figures of various forms, the way of engraving, etching, and limning, with all their requisites and ornaments, the depicting of the most eminent pieces of antiquities, the paintings of the antients, washing of maps, globes or pictures, the dying of cloth, silk, horns, bones, wood, glass, stones and metals, the varnishing, colouring and gilding thereof according to any purpose or intent, the painting, colouring and beautifying of the face, skin and hair, the whole doctrine of perfumes, never published till now, together with the original, advancement and perfection of the art of painting / by William Salmon ...	Salmon, William, 1644-1713.	1673 (1673)	Wing S445; ESTC R16620	189,914	371

to bed The Pomatum we have taught the way to make in our Synopsis Medicinae lib. 3. cap. 58. Sect. 2. III. A water to cleanse the face from Scurfe and Morphew Take distilled rain water six ounces juice of Limons twelve ounces mix them and wash with it morning and evening anointing after it at night going to bed with the oil or Pomatum aforesaid IV. An Vnguent which brings the skin to an exquisite beauty Take of our Pomatum one ounce Salt of Tartar one drachm Musk twenty grains mix them well and the face or skin being very clean anoint morning and evening V. A wonderful Cosmetick of great worth Take white Tartar twenty ounces Talk Salt of each ten ounces calcine them in a potters furnace very well then grinding the matter upon a marble put it into Hippocrates his sleeve and set it in a Cellar or other moist place for twenty or thirty dayes and there will drop from it a precious oil which being rubbed upon the skin softly with a linnen cloth the skin being duly cleansed first takes away all kind of spots and makes the skin soft and delicate VI. A cheap yet excellent Cosmetick Take Alom in fine powder and shake it with whites of new laid eggs being a little heated till such time as they grow thick to an ointment with which anoint the face morning and evening three or four days and it will take away spots and wrinkles and make the skin grow clear and fair VII An excellent Mercurial Cosmetick prevalent against most deformities of the skin Take Mercury purified from all blackness half a pound Mercury Sublimate in powder as much mix them in a stone or marble mortar put them into an Alembick of a straight Orifice put on distilled Vinegar till all be covered three or four fingers letting it stand four dayes daily stirring the same at certain times then it extracts a whitish powder the whitish Vinegar by inclination separate rejecting it and put on other Vinegar the powder at bottom keep so for some days which labour you must so often reiterate till you have abundance of that white powder which dry and keep for use anoint with it by mixing with it a little distilled rain water and it will take away all blemishes of the skin as also Tetters Use it not too often and beware you touch neither eyes nor teeth with it VIII Another of great estimation Take Mercury Sublimate Saccharum Saturni of each two drachms Rose water juice of Limons of each two ounces mix them like to an ointment with which anoint gently at night and the next morning with the Pomatum aforesaid IX To make a kind of Lac Virginis an excellent Cosmetick Take distilled rain water a quart Saccharum Saturni crystallized one ounce mix them and then wash with the water being settled the fine white powder at bottom is also an excellent fucus or paint which may be laid upon the skin if very clear note some use Vinegar instead of the rain water X. To make Oleum Tartari per deliquium Take Salt of Tartar which put into a bag with a corner in a moist Cellar and the oil will distil therefrom in drops with this oil you may mix a little fair water and wash your face at night going to bed and the next morning the face being very clean you may wash with the aforesaid Lac Virginis thus continuing for some days you may create an exquisite and lasting beauty XI A compound Cosmetick esteemed by some of great force Take of the aforesaid Lac Virginis one ounce oil of Tartar aforesaid half an ounce mix them with which wash morning and night for about a week or more as you shall see occasion then anoint with the following ointment XII To make the Cosmetick Ointment aforesaid Take Musk three drachms Ambergriese two drachms Civit one drachm grind them upon a porphyre or marble stone with oil of Ben and Rhodium of each three ounces with which anoint as aforesaid note some instead of the oil of Ben use oil of sweet Almonds XIII A vegetable Cosmetick Besmear your face or skin at night going to bed with the juice of Wake Robin it is excellent XVI An incomparable Cosmetick of Pearl Dissolve Pearls in juice of Limons or distilled Vinegar which digest in Horse-dung till they send forth a clear oil which will swim on the top this is one of the most excellent Cosmeticks or Beautifiers in the world this oil if well prepared is richly worth seven pound an ounce XV. A Cosmetick ointment of great worth Take of our Pomatum aforesaid six ounces Saccharum Saturni two ounces mix them and anoint morning and evening XVI Another very good for the skin Mix Saccharum Saturni one drachm in Vinegar half an ounce which mingle with the glair of eggs and anoint with it XVII A Cosmetick wonderful to make a pleasing ruddy complexion Take oil of Tartar four ounces Alom Sal Gem of each one ounce Borax Camphire of each half an ounce beat them well together to which add of Briony water a pint distil them in balneo and you will have your desire XVIII Another for the same Take Madder Myrrh Saffron Frankincense of each a like bruise and steep all in White-wine with which anoint the face going to bed and in the morning wash it off and the skin will have a gallant pleasing blush XIX To make the Cosmetick of Myrrh very excellent Boil eggs till they are hard slit them and take out the yolks fill them up with powdred myrrh close them together and lay them in a moist Cellar and the myrrh will dissolve into oyl XX. To make a very good Wash to whiten the skin and give a good complexion Take Limons hens eggs boiled of each twelve Turpentine eight ounces distil all in Balneo Mariae with which wash when you wash you may drop into it a drop two or three of oil of Oranges or Cinamon for fragrancy sake XXI A Cosmetick to make a rough skin smooth Take sweet Almonds blanched four pound moisten them with spirit of wine and rose water mixt together of each two ounces beat them together and try them and when they begin to smoak put them into a bag and press them in a press made for that purpose and there will come forth a very clear oil which put into rain water and beat it till it is exceeding white CHAP. XXXVIII Of Cosmeticks which remedy the various Vices of the skin I. TO take away Sun-burnings To glair of ten eggs put Sugar-candy one ounce and anoint with it going to bed or anoint with the juice of Sow-bread at night going to bed in the morning with oil Omphacine The like effects hath our Lac Virginis at the ninth Section of the seven and thirtieth Chapter as also Oleum Tartari and other things of like nature II. To take away redness and Pimples First prepare the skin by bathing it often with the decoction of wheat-bran and applying pultisses of bread milk and

are eminent above all other things CHAP. XXXIX Of making a Sweet Breath I. ASthinking Breath comes from one of these four causes viz. putrified Lungs defective Teeth a distemper of the Head or obstruction of the Stomach II. To remedy a Stinking Breath coming from putrified Lungs Take Vnguentum Nicotianae one ounce Oleum Succini two drachms mix them and anoint the breast outwardly inwardly give cleansers as oil of Sulphur allayed with Rose water morning and evening as also Antimonium Diophoreticum ten grains five times a day for several days together then heal by giving oil of Almonds mixed with a few drops of oil of Cinnamon or Pills of Turpentine Lastly morning noon and night let this bolus be adhibited take Nutmegs Mace Ginger of each fifteen grains honey two drachms oil of Cinnamon ten drops mix them and continue it for some weeks III. To help the defects of the teeth 1. If the teeth be furred over rub them every morning with cremor Tartari in powder and wash them with White-wine 2. If the teeth be black allay oil of Sulphur or Vitriol in Rose water and scowr them well therewith with the end of a stick and a rag till all the blackness be gone then rub them with oil of Almonds perfum'd with oil of Cinnamon 3. If the teeth be loose first rub them with this powder take Galls Pomgranate flowers Sumach Cyperus of each one ounce Roch Alom half a pound powder them all for use then use this Gargarisme Take Galls one ounce Myrrh Pomgranate peels of each half an ounce boil them in white wine vinegar for a Gargarism Lastly morning noon and night wash the gums with good red Wine by this means the teeth will be fastned and the gums restored 4. If they be in danger of rotting take ashes of Harts-horn magistery of Corral of each one ounce musk or instead thereof oil of Cinnamon ten grains mix for a dentifrice to rub the teeth withal it will keep them white and sound 5. If they he rotten and hollow make little pellets of strained Opium Myrrh and oil of Cinnamon and put them into the hollow tooth 6. If they ach use the aforesaid pellets or make little ones of Laudanum Paracelsi and put them into the hollowness or if they be not hollow tye a little pill of the same up in a fine thin rag and hold it between the aking teeth 7. If they stink often wash them with wine or spirit of wine in which a few drops of oil of Cinnamon and adeps Rosarum is dissolved IV. To rectify a Stinking Breath arising from distemper of the head Consider the cause of the distemper whether it arises from the Pox Imposthumes or the like and follow the method instituted in the Cure of those diseases and then the cause being taken away the effects you will find will soon cease yet nevertheless these following pills are excellent take Calx of refined Silver made by spirit of Nitre and well dulcified by washing in warm rain water one ounce Resinae Scammonii one ounce and half mix them for a mass of pills of which take eight or ten grains at night going to bed every third fourth or fifth day V. To rectifie a Stinking Breath arising from the obstruction of the Stomach This is done by opening and cleansing the Stomach thus Take every morning going to bed half a drachm of Pil. Ruffi for ten or twelve days together or thus first vomit with Vinum Benedictum one ounce or more according as Strength requires twice or thrice then take Pilulae Rudii half a drachm at a time in the morning fasting drinking after it some warm broth or posset drink which repeat every third or fourth day four or five times VI. To rectifie the Breath when it smells of any thing that is eaten Chew Coriander seed or Zedoary in the mouth drinking a good draught of wine after the scent of the wine is taken away by eating four apples or Quinces or by chewing troches of Gum Tragacanth perfumed with oil of Cinnamon CHAP. XL. Of beautifying the Hair I. TO Dye the Hair black This is done with the Calx of Lime made by Spirit of Nitre mixed with fair water and the hair washed therewith with a Spunge it is the most excellent thing of that kind that is yet known II. To keep the hair foom falling off Take Myrtle berries Galls Emblick Myrobalans of each alike boil them in oil Omphacine with which anoint it is an excellent Medicine yet as old as Galen III. To remedy Baldness This is a hard thing to cure yet the following things are very good Rub the head or bald places every morning very hard with a course cloth 'till it be red anointing immediately after with Bears griefe when ten or fifteen days are past rub every morning and evening with a bruised Onion till the bald places be red then anoint with honey well mixed with Mustard seed applying over all a plaister of Labdanum mixed with mice dung and powder of Bees do this for thirty days If all the former fail bath with a decoction of Bur-dock roots made with a Lixivium of Salt of Tartar two parts and muskadel one part immediately applying this Unguent take Thapsi or Turbeth one drachm in powder bears griese one ounce mix them which use for sixty days if this make not the hair come the defect is incurable IV. To take away hair from places where it should not grow Take Quicklime four ounces Auripigmentum one ounce and a half Sulphur vive Nitre of each half an ounce Lixivium of Salt of Tartar a quart mix and boil all so long in a glazed earthen pot till putting a quill therein all the feathers peel off and it is done First soment the place with warm water a little before you use the aforesaid medicine a quarter of an hour after wash with very hot water then anoint with the aforesaid Unguent and in a quarter of an hour it will do the work when the hairs are faln away remember to anoint with oil of Roses now to keep them from ever growing again anoint for some days with an ointment made of the juices of Henbane and Nightshade Opium and Hogs griese V. To make the hair curl Wash the hair very well with a Lixivium of Quick-lime then dry it very well that done anoint it with oil of Myrtles or oil Omphacine and powder it well with sweet powder putting it up every night under a cap if the party be naturally of a cold and moist constitution the washing anointing and powdring must be perpetually used once or twice a week during life the hair being put up every night VI. To make hair lank and flag that curls too much Anoint the hair throughly twice or thrice a week with oil of Lillies Roses or Marsh mallows combing it after it very well VII To make the hair grow long and seft Distill Hogs griese or oil Olive in an Alembick with the oil that comes there-from anoint

and not with gum water XXVI To make a Yellow Green or Purple Buckthorn Berries gathered green and steeped in Alom water yield a good yellow but being through ripe and black by the eighteenth Section of the twenty first Chapter of the third Book they yield a good green and lastly being gathered when they are ready to drop off which is about the middle or end of November their juice mixt with Alom water yields a good purple colour CHAP. XX. Of Colours for Drapery I. FOR Yellow garments Take Masticot deepned with brown Oker and red Lead II. For Scarlet Take Vermilion deepned with Sinaper lake and heightned with touches of Masticot III. For Crimson Lay on Lake very thin and deepen with the same IV. For Purple Grinde Lake and Smalt together or take blew Bice and mix it with red and white Lead V. For an Orient Violet Grind Litmose blew Smalt and Ceruse but in mixture let the blew have the upper hand VI. For Blew Take Azure deepned with Indie blew or Lake heightned with white VII For black Velvet Lay the garment first over with Ivory black then heighten it with Cherrystone black and a little white VIII For black Sattin Take Cherrystone black then white deepned with Cherrystone black and then lastly Ivory black IX For a pure Green Take Verdegriese bruise it and steep it in Muscadine for twelve hours then strain it into a shell to which add a little Sap green but put no gum thereto X. For a Carnation Grind Ceruse well washed with red Lead or Ceruse and Vermilion XI For Cloth of Gold Take brown Oker and liquid Gold water and heighten upon the same with small stroaks of Gold XII For white Sattin Take first fine Ceruse which deepen with Cherrystone black then heighten again with Ceruse and fine touches where the light falleth XIII For a russet Sattin Take Indy blew and Lake first thin and then deepned with Indy again XIV For a hair Colour It is made out of Masticot Umber yellow Oker Ceruse Oker de Rous and Sea-coal XV. For a Popinjay green Take a perfect green mingled with Masticot XVI For changeable Silk Take water of Masticot and red Lead which deepen with Sap green XVII For a light Blew Take blew Bice heightned with Ceruse or Spodium XVIII For to shadow Russet Take Cherrystone black and white lay a light russet then shadow it with white XIX For a Skie colour Take blew Bice and Venice Ceruse but if you would have it dark take some blew and white XX. For a Straw colour Take Masticot then white heightened with Masticot and deepned with Pink. Or thus Take red Lead deepned with Lake XXI For Yellowish Thin Pink deepned with pink and green Orpiment burned makes a Marigold colour XXII For a Peach colour Take Brazil water Log water and Ceruse XXIII For a light Purple Mingle Ceruse with Logwood water or take Turnsole mingled with a little Lake Smalt and Bice XXIV For a Walnut colour Red Lead thinly laid and shadowed with Spanish brown XXV For a Fire colour Take Masticot and deepen it with Masticot for the flame XXVI For a Tree Take Umber and white wrought with Umber deepned with black XXVII For the Leaves Take Sap green and green Bice heighten it with Verditure and white XXVIII For Water Blew and white deepned with blew and heightned with white XXIX For Banks Thin Umber deepned with Umber and black XXX For Feathers Take Lake frizled with red Lead CHAP. XXI Of Liquid Gold and Silver I. LIquid Gold or Silver Take five or six leaves of Gold or Silver which grind with a stiff gum Lake water and a good quantity of salt as small as you can then put it into a vial or glazed vessel add so much fair water as may dissolve the stiff gum water then let it stand four hours that the gold may settle decant the water and put in more till the gold is clean washed to the gold put more fair water a little sal Armoniack and common salt digesting it close for four days then put all into a piece of thin Glovers leather whose grain is peeled off and hang it up so will the sal Armoniack fret away and the gold remain behind which keep Or thus Grind fine leaf Gold with strong or thick gum water very fine and as you grind add more thick gum water being very fine wash it in a great shell as you do bice then temper it with a little quantity of Mercury sublimate and a little dissolved gum to bind it in the shall shake it and spread the Gold about the sides thereof that it may be all of one colour and fineness which use with fair waters as you do other Colours The same observe in liquid Silver with this observation That if your Silver by length of time or humidity of the air becomes rusty then cover the place with juice of Garlick before you lay on the Silver which will preserve it When you use it temper it with glair of eggs and so use it with pen or pencil Glair of Eggs is thus made Take the whites and beat them with a spoon till that rise all in a foam then let them stand all night and by morning they will be turned into clear water which is good glair II. Argentum Musicum Take one ounce of tin melt it and put thereto of Tartar and Quicksilver of each one ounce stir them well together until they be cold then beat it in a mortar and grind it on a stone mix it with gum water write therewith and afterwards polish it III. Burnished Gold or Silver Take gum-lake and dissolve it into a stiff water then grind a blade or two of Saffron therewith and you shall have a fair gold when you have set it being throughly dry burnish it with a dogs tooth Or thus having writ with your pen or pencil what you please cut the Leaf Gold or Silver into pieces according to the draught which take up with a feather and lay it upon the drawing which press down with a piece of wool and being dry burnish it IV. Gold Armoniack This is nothing but that which we have taught at the fourth Section of the sixteenth Chapter of this Book V. Size for burnished Gold Take Bole Armoniack three drachms fine Chalk one drachm grind them as small as you can together with fair water three or four times letting it dry after every time then take glair and strain it as short as water with which grind the Bole and Chalk adding a little gum Hedera and a few blades of Saffron grind all as small as possible and put them into an Ox horn I judge a glass vessel better and set it to rot in horse dung for six weeks then take it up and let it have air and keep it for use It s use is for gilding parchments book covers and leather thus lay this size first upon the parchment then with a feather lay the Gold or Silver upon

it which when dry burnish it VI. To diaper on Gold or Silver You must diaper on Gold with Lake and yellow Oker but upon Silver with Ceruse VII Aurum Musicum Take fine Crystal Orpiment of each one ounce beat each severally into a fine powder then grind them together well with glair You may write with it with pen or pencil and your letters or draught will be of a good gold colour CHAP. XXII Of Preparing the Colours I. COlours according to their natures have each a particular way of preparation to wit by grinding washing or steeping II. The chief Colours to be ground are these White Lead Ceruse Sinaper Lake Oker Pink Indico Umber Colens Earth Spanish Brown Ivory Black Cherrystone Black III. The chief Colours to be wash'd are Red Lead Masticot green Bice Cedar green Ultramarine blew Bice Smalt Verditure IV. The chief Colours to be steep'd are Sap-green Saffron Turnsole Stone blew Venice berries V. To Grind Colours Take the colour you would grind and scrape off from it all the filth then lay it upon the stone and with the muller bruise it a little then put thereto a little spring water and grind all together very well till the colour is very fine which done pour it out into certain hollows or furrows cut in chalk-stone and there let it lie till it is dry which reserve in papers or glasses VI. To Wash colours Put the colour into a glazed vessel and put thereto fair water plentifully wash it well and decant after a while the water do this six or seven times at last put the water being just troubled into another glazed vessel leaving the dregs at bottom then into this second vessel put more fair water washing it as before till the water being settled be clear and the colour remain fine at bottom we have taught another way at the twenty fourth Section of the eighteenth Chapter of this Book VII To steep Colours Take a quantity thereof and put it into a shell and fill the shell with fair water to which add some fine powder of Alom to raise the Colour let it thus steep a day and night and you will have a good colour Where note Saffron steeped in vinegar gives a good colour and the Venice berries in fair water and a little Alom or a drop or two of oyl of Vitriol makes a fair yellow VIII To temper the colours Take a little of any colour and put it into a clean shell and add thereto a few drops of gum water and with your fingers work it about the shell then let it dry when dry touch it with your fingers if any colour comes off you must add stronger gum water but being dry if the colour glister or shine it is a sign there is too much gum in it which you may remedy by putting in fair water IX To help the defects Some colours as Lake Umber and others which are hard will crack when they are dry in this case in tempering them add a little white Sugar candy in very fine powder which mix with the colour and fair water in the shell till the Sugar candy is dissolved X. These colours Umber Spanish brown Colen earth Cherrystone and Ivory black are to be burnt before they be ground or wash'd XI To burn or calcine Colours This is done in a crucible covering the mouth thereof with clay and setting it in a hot fire till you are sure it is red hot through which done being cold wash or grind it as aforesaid XII To prepare shadows for Colours White is shaded with black and contrariwise yellow with Umber and the Okers Vermilion with Lake blew Bice with Indie Black coal with Roset c. CHAP. XXIII Of the Manual Instruments I. THe manual Instruments are four by the second Section of the fifteenth Chapter of this Book to wit The Grinding stone and Muller Pencils Tables to Limn on and shells or little glasses or China dishes II. The Grinding stone may be of Porphury Serpentine or Marble but rather a Pebble for that is the best of all others the Muller only of pebble which keep very clean These may be easily got of Marblers or Stone-cutters in London III. Choose your pencils thus by their fastness in the quills and their sharp points after you have drawn or wetted them in your mouth two or three times so that although larger yet their points will come to as small as a hair which then are good but if they spread or have any extravagant hairs they are naught To wash your Pencils After using them rub the ends of them well with soap then lay them a while in warm water to steep then take them out and wash them well in other fair water V. To prepare the Table It must be made of pure fine paste-board such as Cards are made of of what thickness you please very finely slick'd and glazed Take a piece of this paste-board of the bigness you intend the picture and a piece of the finest and whitest parchment you can get virgin parchment which cut of equal bigness with the paste board with thin white new made starch paste the parchment to the paste-board with the outside of the skin outwardmost lay on the starch very thin and eaven then the grinding stone being clean lay the card thereon with the parchment side downwards and as hard as you can rub the other side of the paste-board with a Boars tooth set in a stick then let it be thorow drie and it will be fit to work or limn any curious thing upon VI. The shells holding or containing your colours ought to be Horse-muscle shells which may be got in July about Rivers sides but the next to these are small muscle shells or in stead thereof little China or glass vessels CHAP. XXIV Of Preparations for Limning I. HAve two small glass or China dishes in either of which must be pure clean water the one to wash the pencils in being foul the other to temper the colours with when there is occasion II. Besides the pencils you Limn with a large clean and dry pencil to cleanse the work from any kind of dust that may fall upon it which one called Fitch-Pencils III. A sharp Pen-knife to take off hairs that may come from your pencil either among the colours or upon the work or to take out spots that may fall upon the card or table IV. A Paper with a hole cut therein to lay over the Card to keep it from dust and filth to rest your hand upon and to keep the soil and sweat of your hand from sullying the parchment as also to try your pencils on before you use them Let the small glasses waters pencils and pen-knife lie all on the right hand V. Have ready a quantity of light carnation or flesh colour temper'd up in a shell by it self with a weak gum water If it be a fair complexion mix white and red Lead together if a brown or swarthy add to the former

encreased so the purple colour shall be either lighter or deeper XIV A few Grains of Cochenele being mixed with the Lixivium of Quicklime in a due proportion makes a fading purple colour of the greatest glory imaginable in the world XV. The juice of privet berries with spirit of salt is turned into a lovely red but with a strong solution of pot ashes into a delightful green XVI Upon things red by nature as syrup of Clove-gilliflowers juice of Buckthorn berries infusion of red roses Brazil c. Spirit of Salt makes no considerable change but rather a lighter red but other salts turn them into a greenish especially juice of buckthorn berries XVII Juice of Jasmin and snow drops by a strong alcalizate solution was although of no colour turned into a deep greenish yellow XVIII Buckthorn berries being gathered green and dried are called sap-berries which being infused in Alom water gives a fair yellow which is used by Book-binders for the edges of their books and to colour leather also being gathered when they are black they are called sap green and make a green colour being put into a brass or copper vessel for three or four days or a little heated upon the fire and mixed with Alom in powder and pressed forth so put into bladders hanging it up till it is dry And being gathered about the end of November when they are ready to drop they yield a purplish colour XIX Tincture of Cochenele diluted never so much with fair water will never yield a yellow colour a single drop of a deep solution in spirit of Urine diluted in an ounce of fair water makes a fair pink or carnation XX. Oyl or spirit of Turpentine digested with pure white Sugar of lead yields in a short time a high red tincture which Chymists call Balsamum Saturni XXI Spirit of Salt dropt into a strong infusion of Cochenele or juice of black cherries makes immediately a fair red but dropt into the Infusion of Brazil a kind of yellow so the filtrated tincture of Balaustins mixed with good spirit of Urine or the like turns of a darkish green but with spirit of salt a high redness like rich Claret wine which glorious colour may in a moment be destroyed and turned into a dirty green by spirit of Urine XXII A high Infusion of Lignum Nephriticum mixed with spirit of Urine gives so deep a blew as to make the liquor opacous which after a day or two vanishes and leaves the liquor of a bright amber colour Where note that instead of Spirit of Vrine you may use oyl of Tartar or a strong solution of pot ashes XXIII Infusion of Logwood in fair water mixt with spirit of Sal Armoniack straight turns into a deep rich lovely purple two or three drops to a spoonsul is enough lest the colour be so deep as to be opacous XXIV Spirit of Sal Armoniack will turn syrup of Violets to a lovely green XXV Infusion of Litmoss in fair water gives in a clear glass a purple colour but by addition of spirit of Salt it will be wholly changed into a glorious yellow XXVI The Infusions and juices of several plants will be much altered by a solution of Lead in spirit of Vinegar it will turn infusion of red rose leaves into a sad green XXVII So Tincture of red roses in fair water would be turned into a thick green with the solution of Minium in spirit of Vinegar and then with the addition of oyl of Vitriol the resolved Lead would precipitate white leaving the liquor of a clear high red colour again XXVIII We have not yet found that to exhibit strong variety of colours there need be imployed any more than these five White Black Red Blew Yellow for these being variously compounded and decompounded exhibit a variety and number of colours such as those who are strangers to painting can hardly imagine XXIX So Black and White variously mixed make a vast company of light and deep Grays Blew and Yellow many Greens Red and Yellow Orange-tawnies Red and White Carnations Red and Blew Purples c. producing many colours for which we want names XXX Acid salts destroy a blew Colour Sulphurous Urinous or fixed restore it XXXI Acid and Alcalizate salts with many bodies that abound with Sulphureous or oyly parts will produce a red as is manifest in the Tincture of Sulphur made with Lixioiums of Calcined Tartar or pot ashes XXXII Lastly it may be worth tryal since it hath succeeded in some experiments so to take away the colour of a Liquor as that it may be colourless which in what we have tryed was thus first by putting into the Tincture Liquor or juice a quantity of the solution of pot ashes or oyl of Tartar per deliquium and then affusing a good or strong solution of Alom which in our observations precipitated the tinging matter or gathered it into one body like as it were curds and so left the Liquor transparent and clear as Crystal CHAP. XXII General Experimental observations of Mineral Colours I. SVblimate dissolved in fair water and mixed with a little spirit of Urine makes a milk white mixture in a moment which by addition of Aqua Fortis immediately again becomes transparent II. If Sublimate two ounces and Tin-glass one ounce be sublimed together you will have a sublimate not inferiour to the best orient Pearls in the world III. Silver dissolved in Aqua fortis and evaporated to dryness and fair water poured two or three times thereon and evaporated till the calx is dry leaves it of a Snow whiteness which rubbed upon the skin wetted with spittle water or the like produces a deep blackness not to be obliterated in some days With this Ivory hair and horns may be dyed in fair water of a lasting black IV. Coral dissolved by oyl of vitriol Sulphur or spirit of Vinegar and precipitated by oyl of Tartar yields a Snow whiteness The same of crude Lead and Quicksilver dissolved in Aqua Fortis So butter of Antimony rectified by bare affusion in much fair water will though Unctuous be precipitated into the Sn●w white powder which being washed from its corrosive salts is called Mercurius Vitae the like of which may be made without the addition of any Mercury at all V. Mercury Sublimate and precipitate yields with the spirit of Urine Harts horn or the like a white precipitate but with the solution of Pot ashes or other Lixiviate salts an Orange tawny And if on a filtrated solution of Vitriol you put the solution of a fixed salt there will subside a copious substance far from whiteness which Chymists call the Sulphur of Vitriol VI. If Copper two ounces be mixed with Tin one ounce the reddishness will vanish and if Arsenick calcined with Nitre in a just proportion be mixed with melted Copper it will be blanched both within and without VII Fine powders of blew Bice and yellow Orpiment slightly mixed give a good green and a high yellow solution of

of some thickness with it and it will be waved like Marble dry it in the Sun II. To write golden letters on Paper or Parchment This may be done by the ninth tenth and twelvth Sections of the three and thirtieth Chapter of this Book or write with Vermilion ground with Gum Armoniack ground with glair of Eggs and it will be like gold III. To take out blots or make black Letters vanish in Paper or Parchment This may be done with Alom water or with Aqua fortis mixed with common water IV. To make Silver letters in Paper or Parchment Take Tin one ounce Quick-silver two ounces mix and melt them and grind them with Gum water V. To write with green Ink. Take Verdigriese Litharge Quick-silver of each a sufficient quantity grind and mingle them with Urine and it will be a glorious green like an Emerald to write or paint with Or thus Grind juice of Rue and Verdigriese with a little Saffron together and when you would write with it mix it with Gum water Or thus Dissolve Verdigriese in Vinegar strain it then grind it with common water and a little honey dry it then grind it again with gum water and it is done VI. To write on Paper or Parchment with blew Ink. Grind blew with honey then temper it with Glair of Eggs or gum water made of Isinglass VII To Dye Skins Blew Take berries of Elder or Dwarf-elder first boil them then smear and wash the Skins therewith and wring them forth then boil the berries as before in the dissolution of Alom water and wet the Skins in the same water once or twice dry them and they will be very Blew VIII To dye Skins into a reddish Colour First wash the Skin in water and wring it well then wet it with the solution of Tartar and Bay salt in fair water and wring it again to the former dissolution add ashes of Crab shells and rub the Skin very well therewith then wash with common water and wring them out then wash them with tincture of Madder in the solution of Tartar Alom and the aforesaid Ashes and after if not red enough with the Tincture of Brazil IX Another way to Dye them red Wash the Skins and lay them in galls for two hours wring them out and dip them into a colour made with Ligustrum Alom and Verdigriese in water Lastly twice dye them with Brazil boiled with lye X. Another way to Dye them Blew Take the best Indico and steep it in Urine a day then boil it with Alom and it will be good Or temper the Indice with red Wine and wash the Skins therewith XI To dye Skins Purple Take Roch Alom dissolve it in warm water wet the Skins therewith drying them again then take rasped Brazil boil it in water well then let it cool do thus thrice this done rub the dye over the skins with your hand which being drye polish XII To dye Skins of a sad green Take the filings of Iron and Sal armoniack of each steep them in Urine till they be soft with which besmear the skin being stretched out drying it in the shade the colour will penetrate and be green on both sides XIII To dye Skins of a pure sky colour For each skin take Indico an ounce put it into boiling water let it stand one night then warm it a little and with a brush pencil besmear the skin twice over XIV To dye skins of a pure yellow Take fine Aloes one ounce Linseed oyl two pound dissolve or melt them then strain it besmearing the skins therewith being dry varnish them over XV. To dye Skins green Take Sap green Alom water of each a sufficient quantity mix and boil them a little If you would have the colour darker add a little Indico XVI To dye Skins Yellow Infuse Woold in Vinegar in which boil a little Alom Or thus having dyed them Green by the fifteenth Section dip them in decoction of Privit berries and Saffron and Alom water XVII To dye them of an Orange Colour Boil Fustick berries in Alom water but for a deep Orange use Turmerick root XVIII A Liquor to gild Skins Metals or Glass Take Linseed Oyl three pound boil it in a glazed vessel till it burns a feather being put into it then put to it Pitch Rozin dry Varnish or Gum Sandrach of each eight ounces Aloes Hepatica four ounces put all in powder into the oyl and stir them with a stick the fire being a little encreased if the Liquor is too clear or bright you may add ounce or two more of Aloes Socratine and diminish the Varnish so the Liquor will be darker and more like Gold Being boiled take it and strain it and keep it in a Glass for use which use with a pencil CHAP. XXXV Of Wood Horns and Bones I. TO Dye Elder Box Mulberry-tree Pear-tree Nut-tree of the colour of Ebony Steep the wood in Alom water three or four days then boil it in Common Oyl with a little Roman Vitriol and Sulphur Where note the longer you boil the wood the blacker it will be but too long makes them brittle II. To Dye Bones green Boil the Bones in Alom water then take them out dry them and scrape them then boil them in Lime water with a little Verdigriese III. To Dye Wood like Ebony according to Glauber Distil an Aqua fortis of Salt-peter and Vitriol IV. To make Horns black Vitriol dissolved in Vinegar and spirit of Wine will make Horns black so the Snow white Calx of Silver in fair water V. To make Bones white They are strangely made white by boiling with water and Lime continually scumming of it VI. To dye Bones green Take white Wine-vinegar a quart filings of Copper Verdigriese of each three ounces Rue bruised one handful mix them and put the Bones therein for fifteen days VII To Dye Wood Horn or Bones red First boil them in Alom water then put them into tincture of Brazil in Alom water for two or three weeks or into Tincture of Brazil in Milk VIII To Dye them Blew Having first boiled them● in Alom water then put them into the Dissolution of Indico in Urine To Dye them Green like Emeralds Take Aqua fortis and put as much filings of Copper into it as it will dissolve then put the Wood Horns or Bones therein for a night X. To Dye Bristles and Feathers Boil them in Alom water and after while they are warm put them into Tincture of Saffron if you would have them yellow or juice of Elder berries if blew or in Tincture of Verdigriese if green XI To Dye an Azure Colour Take Roch Alom filings of Brass of each two ounces Fish glew half an ounce Vinegar or Fair water a pint boil it to the Consumption of the half XII To soften Ivory and Bones Lay them twelve hours in Aqua fortis then three days in the juice of Beets and they will be tender and you may make of them what you will To

drawn in a Chariot with two horses Fury and Violence driven with two churlish coach-men Wrath and Destruction IV. Isidorus saith that the Picture of Mars was depainted with a naked breast By which is signified that men ought not to be timorous in warr but valiantly and boldly expose themselves to hazards and dangers V. Statius saith that the house of Mars was built in an obscure corner of Thracia made of rusty black Iron the Porters which kept the gates were Horror and Madness within the house inhabited Fury Wrath Impiety Fear Treason and Violence whose governess was Discord seated in a regal throne holding in one hand a bright sword in the other a basin full of humane blood VI. Ariosto describing the Court of Mars saith that in every part and corner of the same were heard most strange Ecchoes fearful shrieks threatnings and dismal cryes in the midst of this palace was the Image of Vertue looking sad and pensive full of sorrow discontent and melancholy leaning her head on her arm hard by her was seated in a chair Fury in triumph not far from her sate Death with a bloudy stern countenance offering upon an Altar in mens skulls humane blood consecrated with coals of fire fetch'd from many Cities and Towns burnt and ruinated by the tyranny of War CHAP. XV. How the Antients depicted Phoebus or Sol. I. MAcrobius saith that in Assyria was found the Statue of Apollo Phoebus or Sol the father of AEsculapius in the form of a young man and beardless polished with Gold who stretching out his Arms held in his right hand a Coachmans whip and in his left a thunderbolt with some ears of Corn. The Tyrant of Syracuse Dionysius with fury pulled off the beard from the figure of Aesculapius saying it was very incongruous that the father should be beardless and the son have one so exceeding long II. Eusebius saith that in Egypt the Image of Sol was set in a ship carried up and supported by a Crocodile and that they before letters were invented framed the shape of the Sun by a Scepter in the top of which was dexterously engraven an eye The Scepter signified Government the eye the power which over-sees and beholds all things III. The Lacedaemonians depicted Apollo with four ears and as many hands By which was signified the judgment and prudence of God being swift and ready to hear but slow to speak and from thence grew that proverb among the Grecians IV. Herod●tus reporteth that the Phoenicians had the Statue of the Sun made in black stone large and spacious at bottom but sharp and narrow at top which they boasted to have had from Heaven V. Lactantius saith that in Persia Phoebus or Apollo was their chiefest God and was thus described he had the head of a Lyon habited according to the Persian custom wearing on his head such ornaments as the women of Persia used holding by main force a white Cow by the horns The head of the Lion sheweth the Suns Dominion in the sign Leo the Cow shews the Moon whose exaitation is Taurus and his forceable holding the Moons Eclipse which she cannot avoid VI. Pausanias telleth that in Patra a City of Achaia a metalline Statue of Apollo was found in the proportion of an Ox or Cow VII Lucianus saith that the Assyrians shaped him with a long beard shewing his perfection upon his breast a shield in his right hand a spear in the top of which was Victoria in his left hand Anthos or the Sun flower this body was covered with a vestment upon which was painted the head of Medusa from which dangled downwards many swarms of snakes on the one side of him Eagles flying on the other side a lively Nymph VIII The Egyptians composed the statue of the Sun in the shape of a man with his head half shaven By the head half shaven is signified that though his beauty or shining may be clouded for a time yet that he will return and beautify the same with his pristin brightness as the growing of the hairs which signify his beams to their full extent and perfection again may denote IX Martianus thus describes him upon his head saith he he wears a royal and gorgeous Crown inchased with multitudes of precious Gems three of which beautifie his fore-head six his temples and three other the hindermost part of the Crown his hair hanging down in tresses looks like refined Gold and his Countenance wholly like flame his vestment is thin subtil and wrought with fine purple and gold in his right hand he holds a bright shield and in his left a flaming fire-brand on his feet he hath two wings beset with fiery Carbuncles X. Eusibius writeth that in Elephantinopolis a City in Egypt the Image of Apollo was framed to the due likeness of a man throughout the body save only that he had the head of a Ram with young and small horns and his aspect of a Cerulean and blewish green not unlike to that of the Sea The head of the Ram signifies the Sun's exaltation in the sign Aries and the young horns the change or New of the Moon made by her conjunction with the Sun in which she looks blewish There might you see with greatest skill intexed The portraicture of Phoebus lively drawn And his fair Sisters shape thereto annexed Whose shining parts seem'd shadowed o're with lawn And though with equal art both were explain'd And workmens care gave each of them their due Yet to the view great difference remain'd In habit shape aspect and in their hue For one of them must give the day his light And th' other reign Commandress of the night CHAP. XVI How the Antients depicted Venus I. HEr Statue is framed in the shape of a most beautiful and young woman standing upright in a huge shell of fish drawn by two other most ugly and strange Fishes as Ovid at large noteth II. Pausanias saith she is drawn in a Coach through the airy passages with two white Doves as Apuleius also affirmeth which are called the birds of Venus III. Horace and Virgil affirm that the Chariot of Venus is drawn by two white Swans of which Statius also maketh mention who saith that those birds are most mild innocent and harmless and therefore given unto Venus IV. Praxitiles an excellent engraver in the Island of Guidos made her Image naked and without clothes as also did the Grecians By which was signified that all luxurious and licentious people were by their inordinate lusts like beasts deprived of sence and left as it were naked and despoyled of reason and understanding and oftentimes also stripped thereby of their riches goods and estates V. Lactantius saith that the Lacedaemonians framed and composed the Image of Venus all armed like a Warrior holding in one hand a spear in the other a shield or target And this was by reason of a certain Victory which the women of that place got over their enemies the people of Messenia which success they supposed

six drachms melt the wax and mix the oils for a Perfume CHAP. L. Of Perfuming Tablets I. TO make red Muskardines or Tablets Dissolve gum Tragacanth in Rose water so that it may be as thick as Gelly wich make into paste with the following composition Take Amylum one pound fine Sugar half a pound Cochenele two ounces Musk three drachms all being in fine powder mix them and make tablets with the aforesaid Mucilage of Tragacanth square long round or of what form you please which dry in an Oven out of which bread hath been lately drawn but be sure you dry them till they be as hard as horns II. Another fort of Red Tablets Take of the aforesaid composition one pound Cloves Cinnamon Nutmegs Ginger of each two ounces Cochenele one ounce all being in fine powder make into tablets with the aforesaid Mucilage and dry as aforesaid III. To make yellow Tablets Take Amylum one pound fine Sugar half a pound yellow Sanders four ounces Saffron two ounces or you may dip the Amylum in strong tincture of Saffron and then dry it again Musk four drachms all being in fine powder make the mass into tablets with the aforesaid Mucilage adding oil of Cinnamon in drops two drachms dry them carefully in the shade IV. Another sort of yellow Tablets Take Amylum dyed with tincture of Saffron I pound Sugar half a pound Saffron two ounces Nutmegs Cinnamon Ginger of each one ounce Carroways half an ounce Musk three drachms Ambergriese one drachm all in fine powder make into tablets as aforesaid adding oil of Cinnamon two drachms which dry in the shade till they be as hard as Horns V. To make Muscardines or Tablets of any other colour You must make them after the same manner only adding the colour you do intend and in this case we think that it is better that the Amylum be dipt in the tincture and dryed first before you use it Where note that these Tablets when used are to be held in the mouth in which they will dissolve there by cheering the heart reviving the senses comforting the spirits strengthning nature restoring the body and indeed nobly perfuming the breath For them that do not love Musk you may make them without using instead thereof so much the more oil of Roses or Cinnamon CHAP. LI. Of making Pomanders for Bracelets I. THe first sort Take Orrice powder Cloves Mace Cinnamon of each half an ounce yellow Sanders Styrax sweet Assa of each two drachms Ambergriese Musk of each one drachm Balsam of Peru oil of Rhodium of each one scruple Civet two drachms all being in fine powder except the Balsam and Oil mix together and make into paste with mucilage aforesaid of which form Beads drying them in the shade for use II. The second sort Take Storax Labdanum one drachm and a half Benjamin one drachm Cloves Mace Spicknard Geranium Moschatum of each ten grains Musk Ambergriese of each six grains with mucilage make a Pomander for Bracelets III. The third sort Take Damask Rose leaves exungulated two ounces beat them impalpable Musk Ambergriese of each two scruples Civet one scruple Labdanum one drachm with mucilage of gum Tragacanth in Rose-water aforesaid make a Pomander for Bracelets IV. The fourth sort Take Storax Benjamin of each an ounce and a half Musk two drachms oil of Cinnamon one drachm with Mucilage aforesaid make a paste of Pomander very excellent CHAP. LII Of Perfuming Wash-balls I. TO make Barbers Wash-balls Take purified Venetian Soap six ounces Macaleb four ounces Ireos Amylum of each seven ounces Cloves two ounces Labdanum Anniseeds of each one ounce Nutmegs Majoram Cypress powder Geranium Moschatum Camphire of each half an ounce Storax liquida half a drachm Musk ten grains all being in fine powder with a little fine Sugar beat all in a mortar and make them up into Wash-balls II. To do the same another way Take of the said Soap two pound juice of Macaleb two ounces Cloves Orrice of each three ounces Labdanum two ounces Storax one ounce all being in fine powder mix with the Soap of which make balls drying them in the shadow III. To make Balls of white Soap Take of white Soap five pound Iris four ounces Amylum white Sanders of each three ounces Storax one ounce all in powder steep in Musk water of which make paste for Wash-balls IV. Another sort very good Take of white Soap four pound Orrice six ounces Macaleb three ounces Cloves two ounces all in powder mix with the Soap with a little oil of Spike Rhodium or the like of which make Balls V. Another way to make them of Goats fat Make a strong Lixivium of Pot-ashes as that a new laid egg will swim thereupon which boil with Citron peels take of this Lye twenty pound Goats fat two pound boil it for an hour then strain it through a linnen cloth into broad platters of fair water exposing it to the Sun mix it often every day till it begins to grow hard of which you may form balls which you may perfume with Musk half a drachm Civet one scruple oil of Cinnamon ten grains VI. To purifie Venetian Soap Cut it small to which put some Rose water or other perfuming water boil them a while then strain it and it will be sweet and good then take off the Soap which swims a top with a spoon and lay it upon a tyle and it will presently be dry being white free from filth and unctuosity VII Another way to do the same Grate the Soap and dry it in the Sun or an Oven powder and sierce it then moisten it with some sweet water or oil of Spike which dry again in the shadow and keep it for use CHAP. LIII Of Perfuming Soaps I. TO make white musked Soap Take white Soap purified as aforesaid three pound Milk of Macaleb one ounce Musk Civet of each ten grains mix them and make all into thick Cakes or rouls II. Another kind of sweet Soap Take of the oldest Venice Soap which scrape and dry three days in the Sun purifying it as aforesaid two pound Ireos Amylum of each six ounces Storaxliquida two ounces mix them well whilest hot which put into pans to form Cakes III. To make soft Soap of Naples Take of Lixivium of Pot-ashes so strong as to bear an egg sixteen pound Deers Suet two pound set them upon the fire to simper put all into a glased vessel with a large bottom set it in the Sun for a while stirring it five or six times a day with a stick till it wax hard like paste Then take of this paste to which put Musked Rose water keep it eight days in the Sun stirring it as aforesaid so long as it may be neither too hard nor too soft then put it up in boxes or pots IV. To make the same Soap musked Put to the said Soap Rose water two pound fine musk in powder half a drachm then mix the said water as before V. Another exquisite

put it into the fire letting it lye till it breaks grind it impalpable and mix it with whites of eggs of which form pearls boring them as aforesaid dry them then wet and cover them with leaf silver III. The third way Take prepared Crabs eyes ground into impalpable powder and with glair make Pearls which bore as aforesaid dry them and boil them in Cows milk then in the shade free from dust dry them well they will please IV. The fourth Way Take potters earth and make them of what form you please dry them in the Sun or in the gentle heat of a furnace then wet them with glair of eggs lightly coloured with Bole armoniack and cover them with leaves of filver being first wet with water when they are dry polish them with a tooth and they will be Oriental Then take bits of Parchment and wash them in warm water till the water grows somewhat thick boil and strain it and use it warm then fasten each pearl through its hole upon a fine piece of wire and plunge them into the water of Parchment taking them out again then turn them round that the glewy liquor may equally cover them thus the silver whiteness will the better shine through so that the pearls will seem to be truly natural and being compared will rather exceed V. The fifth Way Calcine Muscle and snail shells in a Crucible till they are very white even as snow with glair make Pearls which bore by the first Section dry them in the Sun dip them in red wine dry them again and they will be fair VI. The sixth Way Take Sublimate two ounces Tin-glass one ounce mix them and sublime them together and you will have a sublimate not inferiour to the best orient Pearls in the world of which with glair you may form what you please VII The seventh Way Take any of the aforesaid particulars and mix them instead of glair with ground Varnish made of gum Animae and the Alcool of wine of which make pearls these will in all respects be like the natural for these will no more dissolve in water than the truly natural which all those that are made of glair of eggs are unavoidably subject to VIII The eighth Way After dissolution precipitation edulcoration siccation and formation put the pearls into a loaf of bread and bake it in the Oven with other bread so long till the loaf is much burnt then take them out and wash them first in good juice of Limons then in clear Spring water and they will be as fair as the truly natural Or after baking give them to pidgeons to eat keeping them close up and in the dung you will find the pearl exceeding fair where note you must give the pidgeons nothing to eat in three days time IX The ninth Way After dissolution of small oriental pearls in juice of Limons make the form thereof with clarified honey moistning your hand with Aqua Mellis this done perfect them as before X. The tenth Way Take filtrated juice of Limons powder of pearl of each six ounces Talk one ounce put them into a glass and stop it close set it fifteen days in horse-dung and it will be a white paste of which form pearl bore them and dry them in the Sun at last in paste of barley meal viz. a barley loaf four fingers thick stick the pearl so that they may not touch stop the holes and cover them with paste set it into an Oven and bake it with bread and you will find them hard and clear XI The eleventh Way Having formed them of the matter intended bored and dryed them put them into to Quicksilver set over a glowing heat stirring them well about that the Quicksilver may stick to them then dip them into glair of eggs upon a glowing heat and they are done or being dry boil them in Linseed oil and wash them in warm water XII The twelfth Way Take pearl three ounces prepared Salt one ounce filtrated juice of Limons so much as will cover them four fingers breadth let it stand so long till it be a paste the glass being very close stopped shake all together five or six times a day and when it comes to a paste put it into a glass with strong spirit of Vinegar lute another glass over it digest it three weeks in a cool place under the earth so long till all be dissolved then mix it with a little oil of eggs or snail water till it be like pearl in colour then put this paste into silver moulds and close them up for eight days after which take them out and bore them by the first Section and put them again into the mould for eight days this done boil them in a silver porringer with milk lastly dry them upon a plate in a warm place where neither wind nor dust may come and they will be much fairer than any oriental pearl XIII The thirteenth Way After the preparation of the matter in juice of Limons or Aqua fortis with clean hands make them into paste and wash them in distilled water which put into edulcorate calx of silver and digest in Horse-dung for a month so will they be fair and very oriental XIV The fourteenth Way Dissolve the matter in Aqua fortis which let over-top it a fingers breadth in a glass gourd till all be incorporated into one body which put into silver moulds which have holes through them and having stood one day bore them through the holes as they lie in the mould with a silver needle being quite dry take them out put them into a glass close covered in the Sun till they be quite dry then put them upon a silver wire and let them lie covered in their own fat that is that fatty substance which swims on the top of the menstruum in their dissolution so long till they are very fair then being strung put them into a glass egg and let them stand nine days in digestion and they will be as fair as the natural XV. The fifteenth Way Take Tobacco-pipe clay of which form little beads by the fourteenth Section dry them in the Sun and burn them in a potters surnace then cover them with Bole armoniack tempered with whites of eggs being dry dip them in water lay on leaf silver which dry again and polish them with a tooth then take clean shavings of parchment cut small and washed well with warm water boil them in a new pot with a slow fire till they become somewhat thick strain it and being warm put in the pearl upon a needle or fine wire that the hole may not be stopped take them out turn them round that the water or glew may not settle in one place dipping them so often drying them every time till they be thick enough and they will appear full as fair as the truly natural CHAP. LXI Of the Consummation or Perfection of the Art of Painting I. AS Invention gave way to the advancement of Art so