the Eastern and Western-side of the Horizon as also the brazen Meridian and the Index will point at those various times the particular Hour of her Rising Setting and Southing Prob. 41. The Day and Hour of either a Solar or Lunar Eclipse being known to find by the Globe all those Places in which the same will be visible Mark the Sun's Place in the Ecliptick for the given Day as also the opposite Point thereto which is the Place of the Moon at that time Then find that Place of the Globe to which the Sun is vertical at the given Hour and bring the same to the Pole or vertical Point of the wooden Horizon and fixing the Globe in that Situation observe what Places are in the upper Hemisphere for in most of them will the Sun be visible during his Eclipse As for the Lunar Eclipse you are to find the Antipodes of that place which hath the Sun vertical at the given Hour and bringing the same to the Pole of the wooden Horizon observe as formerly what Places are in the upper Hemisphere of the Globe for in such will the Moon be visible during her Eclipse except those that are very near unto or actually in the Horizon Prob. 42. A Place being given on the Globe to find the true Situation thereof from all other Places desir'd or how it beareth in respect of such Places The various Places desir'd which are supposed to be some of those that lie upon the intermediate Points of the Compass being pitch'd upon bring the given Place to the brazen Meridian and elevate the Pole according to it's Latitude and fixing the Quadrant of Altitude in the Zenith apply the same successively to the Places desir'd and the lower Part of the said Quadrant will intersect the wooden Horizon at those various Points of the Compass inscrib'd upon the said Circle according to the true bearing of the given Place in respect of the Places desir'd Prob. 43. A Place being given on the Globe to find all other Places that are situated from the same upon any desir'd Point of the Compass Elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the given Place and bring the said Place to the brazen Meridian and fixing the Quadrant of Altitude in the Zenith apply the lower Part thereof to the desir'd Point of the Compass upon the wooden Horizon and observe what Places are exactly under the Edge of the said Quadrant for those are the Places that are situated from or bear off the given Place according to the desired Point of the Compass Prob. 44. Two Places being given on the Globe to find the true distance between them The two Places given must of necessity lie under either the same Meridian the same Parallel of Latitude or else differ both in Longitude and Latitude 1. If they lie under the same Meridian then bring them both to the brazen Meridian and observe the number of Degrees of Latitude comprehended between them which being reduc'd into Leagues or Miles will give the Distance requir'd 2. If they lie under the same Parallel of Latitude then bring them separately to the brazen Meridian and observe the Number of Degrees between them upon the Equator which done enter the Table page 9. with the Latitude of the given Places and seeing thereby how many Miles in that Parallel are answerable to one Degree in the Equator multiply those Miles by the aforesaid number of Degrees upon the Equator and the Product will give the Distance requir'd But Lastly if the two Places given do differ both in Longitude and Latitude then bring one of them to the vertical Point of the brazen Meridian and extending the Quadrant of Altitude to the other observe upon the said Quadrant the number of Degrees between them which being reduc'd into Leagues or Miles will give the distance requir'd This third Case of the Problem being most considerable and occurring more frequently than the other two we shall here annex another way of performing the same besides the Globe and that is by resolving a Spherical Triangle two Sides whereof viz. the Complements of the different Latitudes or the distance of the given Places from the Poles are not only given but also the Angle comprehended between them it being equal to the difference of their Longitude by which Sides and Angle given we may very easily find the third Side by the noted Rules in Trigonometry which third Side is the distance required Prob. 45. A Place being given on the Globe and its true Distance from a second place to find thereby all other Places of the Earth that are of the same distance from the given Place Bring the given Place to the brazen Meridian and elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the said Place then fix the Quadrant of Altitude in the Zenith and reckon upon the said Quadrant the given Distance between the first and second Place providing the same be under 90 Degrees otherwise you must use the Semi-Circle of Position and making a Mark where the reckoning ends and moving the said Quadrant or Semi-Circle quite round upon the Surface of the Globe all Places passing under that Mark are those desir'd Prob. 46. The Latitude of two Places being given and how one of them beareth off the other to find thereby the true Distance between them For the Solution of this Problem Suppose the first Meridian to be the true Meridian of one of the given Places particularly that whose bearing is unknown Upon the upper Semi-Circle of that Meridian mark the Latitude of the said Place then elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the other place and fixing the Quadrant of Altitude in the Zenith extend the same to the given Point of the Compass upon the wooden Horizon and turn the Globe about till the Point mark'd in the aforesaid Meridian coincide with the said Quadrant Which done reckon upon that Quadrant the number of Degrees between that Point mark'd in the first Meridian and the vertical Point which Degrees being converted into Leagues or Miles will give the Distance requir'd Prob. 47. The Longitude of two Places being given as also the Latitude of one of them and its Bearing from the other to find thereby the true Distance between them For the Solution of this Problem suppose the first Meridian to be the true Meridian of the Place whose Latitude is unknown Reckon from that Meridian upon the Equator the number of Degrees equal to the difference of Longitude of the two Places and make a Mark where the reckoning ends and bringing the same to the brazen Meridian which represents the Meridian of the second Place reckon upon it the Degrees of the given Latitude and fixing the Globe in that Situation raise the Pole according to that Latitude and fix the Quadrant of Altitude in the Zenith extending the other extremity thereof to the given Point of the Compass upon the wooden Horizon The Globe continuing in this Position observe that
from Sun-setting if an Hour of the Night to a fourth proportional which is the number desir'd viz. the Judaical Hour at the time given Prob. 34. The Judaical Hour being given to find thereby the Hour of the Day at any time according to our way of reckoning in England Elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the given Place and finding the Sun's Place in the Ecliptick at the time given bring the same to the Eastern Horizon and set the Index of the Horary Circle at Noon then Rowl the Globe Westward till the Sun's Place coincide with the Western Horizon and the Index will point at the number of equal Hours whereof that Day consisteth Which Number you are to note down and bring the Sun's Place to the brazen Meridian and setting the Index again at Noon turn the Globe about till the Sun's Place coincide with the Eastern Horizon and the Index will point at the Hour when the Sun riseth in the given Place Which done work by the following Proportion As 12 is to the given Number of Judaical Hours so is the Length of the Day in equal Hours formerly found out to a fourth proportional which is the Number desir'd viz. the Hour of the Day according to our way of reckoning in England Only note That if the fourth proportional be less than 12 you are to add the same to the Hour of Sun-rising and the Product will give the Number of Hours before Noon for that Day but if it be more than 12 then Substract it from 12 and the Remainder will give the Hour of the Day for the Afternoon Prob. 35. To find the true Area of the five Zones in square Measure allowing 60 Miles to one Degree in the Equator The Breadth of the Torrid Zone being 47 Degrees which reduc'd to Miles make 2820 each of the Temperate 43 Degrees which make 2580 and each of the Frigid 23 Degrees ½ which make 1410 Miles The true Area of each of those Zones may be found in Square Measure by the following Proportion 1. For the Torrid The Area of the whole Globe being found per Prob. 1. say as Rad. to the Sine of 47 so is the ½ the Area of the Globe to the Area of the Torrid Zone 2. For each of the Temperate Zones say as Rad. to the difference of the Sines of 23½ and 66½ so is ½ Arch of the Globe to the Area of one of the Temperate Zones Lastly For the Frigid Zones add ½ Area of the Torrid to the whole Area of one of the Temperate and Substract the Product from ½ Area of the Globe and the Remainder will give the true Area of either of the Frigid Zones Prob. 36. A Place being given on the Globe to find those which have the same Hour of the Day with that in the given Place as also that have the contrary Hours i. e. Midnight in the one when it 's Mid-day in the other Bring the given Place to the brazen Meridian and observe what Places are then exactly under that Semi-Circle of the said Meridian for the People in them have the same Hour with that they have in the given Place The Globe continuing in that Position set the Index of the Horary Circle at Noon and turn the Globe till the Index point at Midnight and observe that Places are then in that Semi-Circle of the Meridian for the Inhabitants of those Places do reckon their Hours contrary to these in the given Place Prob. 37. The Hour of the Day being given in any place to find those places of the Earth where it 's either Noon or Midnight or any other particular Hour at the same time Bring the given Place to the brazen Meridian and set the Index of the Horary Circle at the Hour of the Day in that place Then turn about the Globe till the Index point at the upper Figure of XII and observe what Places are exactly under the upper Semi-Circle of the brazen Meridian for in them its Mid-day at the time given Which done turn the Globe about till the Index point at the lower Figure of XII and what Places are then in the lower Semi-Circle of the Meridian in them its Midnight at the given Time After the same manner we may find those Places that have any other particular Hour at the Time given by moving the Globe till the Index point at the Hour desir'd and observing the Places that are then under the brazen Meridian Prob. 38. The Day and Hour being given to find by the Globe that particular Place of the Earth to which the Sun is vertical at that very time The Sun's Place in the Ecliptick being found and brought to the brazen Meridian make a Mark above the same with Chalk then find those Places of the Earth in whose Meridian the Sun is at that instant and bring them to the brazen Meridian Which done observe narrowly that individual Part of the Earth which falls exactly under the aforesaid Mark in the brazen Meridian for that is the particular Place to which the Sun is vertical at that very time Prob. 39. The Day and Hour of the Day being given to find those Places on the Globe in which the. Sun then riseth 2dly Those in which he then setteth 3dly Those to whom its Mid-day And Lastly Those Places that are actually enlightned and those that are not Find that Place of the Globe to which the Sun is vertical at the given Time and bringing the same to the brazen Meridian elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the said Place The Globe being fixt in that Position observe what Places are in the Western Semi-Circle of the Horizon for in them the Sun riseth at that time 2dly Those in the Eastern Semi-Circle for in them the Sun setteth 3dly Those that are exactly under the brazen Meridian for in them it 's Mid day And Lastly All those upon the úpper Hemisphere of the Globe for they are actually enlightned and those upon the lower are then in darkness or deprived of the Sun at that very time Prob. 40. The Month and Day being given as also the Place of the Moon in the Zodiack and her true Latitude to find thereby the exact Hour when she shall rise and set together with her Southing or coming to the Meridian of the given Place The Moon 's Place in the Zodiack may be found ready enough at any time by an ordinary Almanack and her Latitude which is her distance from the Ecliptick by applying the Semi-Circle of Position to her Place in the Zodiack For the Solution of the Problem elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the given Place and the Sun's Place in the Ecliptick at that time being found and mark'd with Chalk as also the Moon 's Place at the same time Bring the Sun's Place to the brazen Meridian and set the Index of the Horary Circle at Noon and turn the Globe till the Moon 's Place successively coincide with
13. There is a certain Island in the vast Atlantick Ocean which being descry'd by a Ship at Sea and bearing due East of the said Ship at twelve Leagues distance per Estimation The truest Course for hitting of the said Island is to steer six Leagues due East and just as many due West Par. 14. There is a remarkable Place on the Globe of the Earth of a very pure and wholsome Air to breath in yet of such a strange and detestable Quality that it 's absolutely impossible for two of the intirest Friends that ever breath'd to continue in the same in Mutual Love and Friendship for the space of two Minutes of time Par. 15. There is a certain Island in the Baltick Sea to whose Inhabitants the Body of the Sun is clearly visible in the Morning before he ariseth and likewise in the Evening after he is set Par. 16. There is a certain Village in the Kingdom of Naples situated in a very low Valley and yet the Sun is nearer to the Inhabitants thereof every Noon by 3000 Miles and upwards than when he either riseth or setteth to those of the said Village Par. 17. There is a certain Village in the South of Great Britain to whose Inhabitants the Body of the Sun is less visible about the Winter Solstice than to those who reside upon the Island of Ice-land Par. 18. There is a vast Country in Ethiopia Superior to whose Inhabitants the Body of the Moon doth always appear to be most enlightned when she 's least enlightned and to be least when most Par. 19. There is a certain Island whereof mention is made by several of our latest Geographers whose Inhabitants cannot properly be reckon'd either Male or Female nor altogether Hermaphrodites yet such is their peculiar Quality that they 're seldom liable unto either Hunger or Thirst Cold or Heat Joy or Sorrow Hopes or Fears or any such of the common Attendants of Human Life Par. 20. There is a remarkable Place of the Earth of a considerable Southern Latitude from whose Meridian the Sun removeth not for several Days at a certain time of the Year Par. 21. There is a certain Place of the Earth of a considerable Northern Latitude where though the Days and Nights even when shortest do consist of several Hours yet in that place it's Mid-day or Noon every Quarter of an Hour Par. 22. There are divers Places on the Globe of the Earth where the Sun and Moon yea and all the Planets do actually rise and set according to their various Motions but never any of the fixt Stars Par. 23. There is a large and famous Country on the Continent of Africa many of whose Inhabitants are born perfectly Deaf and others Stone-blind and continue so during their whole Lives and yet such is the amazing Faculty of those Persons that the Deaf are as capable to judge of Sounds as those that hear and the Blind of Colours as they who see Par. 24. There is a certain People in South America who are properly furnish'd with only one of the five Senses viz. that of Touching and yet they can both Hear and See Taste and Smell and that as nicely as we Europeans who have all the Five Par. 25. There is a certain Country in South America many of whose Savage Inhabitants are such unheard-off Canibals that they not only feed upon Human Flesh but also some of them do actually eat themselves and yet they commonly survive that strange Repast Par. 26. There is a remarkable River on the Continent of Europe over which there is a Bridge of such a breadth that above three thousand Men a-breast may pass along upon the same and that without crouding one another in the least Par. 27. There is a large and spacious Plain in a certain Country of Asia able to contain six hundred thousand Men drawn up in Battle Array which number of Men being actually brought thither and there drawn up it were absolutely impossible for any more than one single Person to stand upright upon the said Plain Par. 28. There is a certain European City whose Buildings being generally of firm Stone are for the most part of a prodigious height and exceeding strong and yet it is most certain that the Walls of those Buildings are not parallel to one another nor perpendicular to the Plain on which they are built Par. 29. There is a certain City in the Southern Part of China whose Inhabitants both Male and Female do observe almost the same Posture and Gate in Walking as we Europeans and yet they frequently appear to Strangers as if they walk'd on their Heads Par. 30. There are ten Places of the Earth distant from one another three hundred Miles and upwards and yet none of them hath either Longitude or Latitude Par. 31. There are two distinct Places of the Earth lying under the same Meridian whose Difference of Latitude is sixty Degrees compleatly and yet the true Distance between those two Places doth not really surpass sixty Italian Miles Par. 32. There are also two distinct Places of the Earth lying under the Equinoctial Line whose difference of Longitude is compleatly 86 Degrees ½ and yet the true Distance between those two Places is not full eighty six Italian Miles Par. 33. There are three distinct Places of the Earth all differing both in Longitude and Latitude and distant from one another two thousand Miles compleatly and yet they do all bear upon one and the same Point of the Compass Par. 34. There are three distinct Places on the Continent of Europe equidistant from one another they making a true Equilateral Triangle each of whose sides doth consist of a thousand Miles and yet there is a fourth Place so situated in respect of the other three that a Man may travel on Foot from it to any of the other three in the space of one Artificial Day at a certain time of the Year and that without the least hurry or fatigue whatsoever Par. 35. There are three distinct Places on the Continent of Europe lying under the same Meridian and at such a distance that the Latitude of the third surpasseth that of the second by so many Degrees and Minutes exactly as the second surpasseth the first and yet the true Distance of the first and third from the second or Intermediat Place is not the same by a great many Miles Par. 36. There are two distinct Places on the Continent of Europe so situated in respect of one another that though the first doth lie East from the second yet the second is not West from the first and yet both of them are under the same Parallel of Latitude Par. 37. There is a certain European Island the Northmost Part whereof doth frequently alter both its Longitude and Latitude Par. 38. There is a certain Place in the Island of Great Britain where the Stars are always visible at any time of the Day if the Horizon be not over-cast with Clouds Par. 39. It may be clearly