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A56184 A moderate, seasonable apology for indulging just Christian liberty to truly tender consciences, conforming to the publike liturgy in not bowing at, or to the name of Jesus, and not kneeling in the act of receiving the Lords Supper, according to His Majesties most gracious declaration to all his loving subjects concerning ecclesiastical affairs ... / by William Prynne, Esquire ... Prynne, William, 1600-1669. 1662 (1662) Wing P4011; ESTC R5505 132,513 174

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the mentioning or at or in the naming of God or Iesus But they must necessarily be expounded in this sence In the name of God or Iesus that is In the supreme Power Majesty Soveraignty Authority of God or the Lord Iesus In the name being oftentimes used for In the Soveraign Power and Authority of God of Iesus or Christ onely not for the bare names God Iesus or Christ as Mat. 28 19. Acts 3.6 16 18. 1 Cor. 5.4 5. 2 Thess. 3.16 Mat. 7.22 Mar. 9.38 ●uc 10.17 Mar. 16.17 18. See also 1 Sam. 17 45. Psal. 8.1 Psal. 10.1 5. Psal. 33.21 Psal. 44.5 Psal. 48 10. Psal. 54.1 Psal. 89.24 Psal. 118.10 11 12. Psal. 124.8 Prov. 18.10 Esay 50.10 64. ● all to the same purpose Thus all Justices Judges Officers in their Warrants use the word Name when they w●ite These are to will and require you in the King● Name that is In or by virtue of his royal authority not of any Christen name or Surname of his to do thus and thu● The true translation of this text being thus cleared which I hope to see accordingly amended in all our New printed Bibles and Common-Prayer Books by rechanging At into In the Name by publike authority and command from the King or Parliament in case the Bishops neglect it and the meaning thereof in part discovered I shall next examin the true genuine sence o● the words For the full understanding whereof so far forth only as respects this Ceremony of bowing at the name Jesus these 4 things are to be inquired 1. What is meant by the name above every name which God gave to Christ after his exaltation into heaven in which every knee must bow and what that name is 2ly What is here m●ant by bo●ing of every knee 3ly What by things in Heaven Earth and under the Earth 4ly When and where this bowing of every knee shall be For the first Most Expositors generally accord that this Name above every name which God gave to Christ is nothing else but his supreme Power and jurisdiction or his inherent real Soveraign Lordship as he is both God and Man over all things and creatures whatsoever or which is all one his real title Lord given him above 50 times in the New Testament in direct terms or Lord of all things coupled with his actual fr●ition of his suprem● Lordship That this and nought else is in truth the name intended in this text is most perspicuous not only by the forequoted Scriptures where name is used for Soveraignty Power Authority but also by direct texts as Ephes. 1.19 20 21 22. According to the working of his mighty power which he wrought in Christ when he raised him from the dead and set him at his own right hand in heavenly places farr above all princip●lity power and might and dominion and every Name that is named not only in this world but also in that which is to come and hath put all things under his ●eet and gave him to be head over All things to his Church Here the Apostle useth Name for principality power dominion or Lordship and makes the name above all name given to Christ at his Exaltation nothing else but his supreme Lordship over all things which Christ himself acknowledgeth Mat. 28.18 where he tells his Disciples after his Resurrection All power is given unto me in heaven and earth St. Peter in his Sermon Acts 2.32 to 36. after he had spoken of the Passion of Christ concludes thus of his Resurrection and Dominion This Iesus hath God raised up c. for David is not ascended into the heavens but saith himself The Lord said unto my Lord Sit thou on my right hand untill I make thine enemies thy footstool Therefore let all the house of Israel know that God hath made the same Iesus whom ye have crucified both LORD and Christ. The making of Christ then after his Resurrection as God and Man Lord over all was the name above every name which God then gave to Christ who is Lord of all as the same Apostle Peter affirmes in his Sermon to Cornelius Act. 10.36 Yea Lord over all Rom. 10.9.12 and King of Kings and Lord of Lords 1 Tim. 6.15 Rev. 17.14 chap. 19.16 That observable text Rom. 14 6 to 13. will make this most clear He that regardeth the day regardeth it unto the Lord and he that regardeth not the day to the Lord he doth not regard it He that eateth eateth to the Lord for he giveth God thanks and he that eateth not to the Lord he eateth not and giveth God thanks for none of us liveth to himself or dieth to himself for whether we live we live unto the Lord or wh●ther we die we die unto the Lord Whether therefore we live or die we are the Lords For to this end Christ both died and rose and revived mark this well that he might be Lord both of Quick and Dead But why dost thou judge thy Brother or why dost thou set at nought thy Bro●her we must all stand before the judgement s●at of Christ for it is written as I live saith the Lord every knee shall bow to me and every tongue shall confesse to God So then every one of us shall give an account of himself to God Here the Apostle expressely resolves that the Name given to Christ by God his Father after his Resurrection was nothing else but Lord yea Lord both of quick and dead And that this bowing of every knee prophesied by Isay c. 45 23. and alluded unto in Phil. 2.10 11. is nothing else but the Appearance Submission and Subjection of all men Angels to him as their supreme Lord when they shall stand before his Tribunal in the day of Iudgement not any bowing of the Knee or stirring of the Cap unto him when his Name Iesus is mentioned in the Church where the greatest part of men never yet appeared nor resorted unto in any age If all these direct parallel Scriptures be not sufficient or satisfactory enough to prove evidence this hi● Name Lord or his Soveraign Dominion over all Creatures as God equal with his Father to be the Name above every Name in which all Knees must bow the text it self unanswerably resolves it For that Name above every Name in which all Knees must bow is that Name only which every tongue must confesse the text it self assuring us so much and coupling the bowing of the knee and confession of the tongue both together But the Name which every tongue shall confesse is this That Iesus Christ is LORD Phil. 2.11 Therefore Lord must be that Name above every Name in which every knee must bow This is the Name by which all persons Good and Bad Pagans and Christians Iews and Gentiles all Angels and Devils shall call Christ at the last day of Judgement the only time when this Scripture shall be actually fulfilled Which day as it is often called The day
humor singularity or discontent as is usually suggested but from such solid grounds of Scripture Reason and such Authorities Antiquities as have fully convinced their Judgements satisfied or scrupled their tender Consciences that they cannot in faith or conscience submit to practise them at least upon such unsatisfactory Pretences of Scripture Reason Antiquity or apparent Mistakes as have hitherto been alleadged for their use by those who have most enforced them And that as there were just Grounds in point of Royal Justice Piety Clemen●y Christian compassion State Policy and Prudence for Your Sacred Majesty at first to grant th●se Indulgences to tender Consciences to prevent all future Scismes preserve Your Kingdoms Churches publick Peace and Christian Amity Unity Communion among Your Protestant Subjects So there are the like reasons for Your Majesty to continue if not perpetuate them without enforcing them against their Consciences so far as either totally to debarre them the Lords Supper or drive them from the publick Ordinances or inevitably to subject them to Ecclesiastical censures to their great vexation For which end I shall most humbly crave leave to present these ensuing Particulars to Your Majesties Royal and others Christian consideration 1. That God only wise the sole Author Prescriber Owner of his own Divine worship and Sacraments hath left all Cor●oral gestures relating thereunto free arbitrary and indifferent to all Christians N●tions Churches Ages not particularly or precisely commanding in the Old or New Testament either the gestures of Kneeling Sitting Standing Bowing or Prostration in Publick or Private Prayer Thanksgiving Fasts hearing or reading his Word receiving Sacraments or any other par● of Divine worship though he hath absolutely commanded th●se Duties themselves The reason is apparent because these Gestures are in themselves things merely indifferent and one Gesture may be more decent expedient to ●tir up affection devotion reverence attention upon several em●rgent occasions in relation to the same or different persons duties times than another and many men by reason of age sickness infirmities temper of body custome of Countries Nations which vary from each other inconveniency of Place crowds of People or the like may be disabled to use one Gesture with so much devotion or conveniency as they can use another For which Reasons in numerou● Congregations no absolute Uniformity in these Gestures can possibly be expected nor rationally injoyned by any humane Powers since God himself the Supreme Legislator upon these grounds hath left them free and arbitrary to his People as all Divines acknowledge whence the Church Saints Apostles Children of God in all Ages both under the Law and Gospel as Scripture Presidents demonstrate have by Gods approbatio● sometimes prayed and worshipped God standing● otherwhiles sitting other times bowing and falling down prostrate on their faces sometimes lying on their beds couches and othertimes kneeling on their knees God alwayes accepting their Prayers worship in every of these Postures when their Hearts and Spirits which he principally regards requires in his worship were upright sincere and their Duties performed with that Faith Fervency Holyness and chearfull Obedience which he commands 2 ly That the Primitive Saints Christians Church and all other Churches since ●ave freely used tollerated varieties of Gestures Postures Ceremonies in all parts of Divine worship and have free liberty to alter change or abolish Ceremonies at their pleasure as all Ecclesiastical Histories especially Centuriae Magdeburgenses 2 to 14. cap. 6. De Ritibus Ceremoniis at large demonstrate and the C●urch of England resolves in her 20. A●ticle of Religion and the Preface to the Books of Common Prayer why some Ceremonies are abolished 3 ly That the principle end of Gods instituting Kings Magistrates and Chief Authority Trust by him reposed in them is To b● Gods subordinate Ministers to protect encourage commend all their Subjects who do well obeying the Lawes and will of God according to his Word and to punish none but evil Doers and Transgressors of his Lawes in relation to his Worship not to punish their Christian Subjects who obey Gods Laws resort constantly to his publick Ordinances Worship Sacraments only ●or not using such and such Gestures Ceremonies V●stures which himself hath left free and indifferent to all Christians or to fine imprison excommunicate or debar them totally from the Lords Supper only for using the self-same Gestures Ceremonies as Christ himself his Apostles and the Primitive Christians used for which there is no President in Scripture nor in the Laws of any antient Christian Emperors to the best of my remembrance 4 ly That though Christian Kings and Church-Governours have Authority to prescribe and enjoyn things absolutely necessary and expedient warranted by the Word in and about Gods publick worship and to advise and perswade the use of Things decent expedient though not simply necessary Yet it is the Opinion of many judicious Divines that they cannot impose or enforce the use of Ceremonies Gestures merely expedient o●●●●●ent not absolut●ly necessary on the Consciences of their Christian Subjects under Civil or Eccles●astical penalties at l●astwise that it is not expedient or convenient for them to exercise such a Power because Christ himself the King of Kings his Apostles the most Religious Kings of Gods appointment never exercised or claimed any such Iurisdiction but left all Christians free actually to use or not use them at their pleasure as in the cases of Marriage Virginity and single life of eating or abstaining from certain Meats observing certain times and dayes to God of mens praying and prophesying in the Church with their heads covered wearing long Effeminate hair and womens sitting in the Congregation with their heads unvailed and Brayding or Frizling their hair which most conceive to be absolutely prohibited not simply advised as well as their speaking in the Church yet not now prohibited by any Ecclesiastical penall Laws or Censures of our Church though more scandalous lesse arbitrary and indifferent than sitting at the Sacrament kneeling or standing in Prayer bowing or any other Rites or Ceremonies now scrupled or omitted by Tender Consciences 5 ly That the Unity which God himself requires in his Church and Publick worship amongst his People and Children is not an Vniversal Vniformity in external gestures Ceremonies wherein the Scripture is totally silent but a Unity in the Faith and substance of his worship a meeting together with one accord and with one consent in one place to pray praise and worship God with one heart mind soul spirit according ●o his word ●ot with one kind of vesture gesture or posture of their bodies and to keep the Unity of the Spirit in the Bond of Peace like Christian Brethren not forsaking or separating from Gods Publick Ordinances by Law established on the one hand nor cas●ing brethren out of the Church Diotrephes like for not conforming in gestures
those who refuse to do it upon such fancies grounds which either Christ his Apostles the Primitive Church Christians knew not or deemed insufficient to induce them to change fitting into kneeling at the Lords Supper 3ly If the Objectors or other Subjects or persons of inferiour quality were invited to sit down and eat at the Kings Princes Lord Keepers Lord Mayors or any other Great Mans Table at Dinner or Supper it would be reputed a strange singularity folly indecency or contempt not reverence decency or good manners in or for all or any of them out of pretended modesty or unworthinesse to kneel down only before or lye prostrate under their Tables but not to sit down at them and eat together with them when commanded as all antiently and at this day use to do without kneeling or prostration at or under the Table Why should it not then be so in those invited by Christ himself to eat and drink at his sacred Table 4ly Christ Jesus by his death merits and transcendent love hath not only made us Members of his body of his bone and of his flesh one in and with him his own Brethren Friends yea Sons and Children of God his Father but also Heirs and joynt Heirs with Christ of the Kingdom of God yea Kings and Priests unto God his Father and promised To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my Throne even as I also overcame and am set down wi●h my Father in his Throne and also appointed unto his Disciples a Kingdom as his Father hath appointed unto him That they may eat and drink at his Table in his Kingdom and sit on Thrones and in Heavenly places together with him not pick up crums under his Table or kneel or lye prostrate at a distance from it All which con●idered may satisfie the Objectors at leastwise so far as to disswade them from censuring their fellow Communicants who receive sitting as irreverent proud prophane und●vou● irr●ligious or restraining this their Christian Liberty and posture of sitting in receiving the only thing they contend for leaving them to kneel or use what gesture they deem best for their own particular practise If any yet further object as they do That in the Lords Supper we receive a Pardon of all our sins from God under the Great Seal of Heaven Therefore we ought to receive it kneeling as Malefactors use to receive their Pardons under Seal from the hands of their King kneeling on their knees I answer 1. The Lords Supper is not a Pardon under Seal to all Communicants since the unworthy eat and drink Damnation to themselves therein 1 Cor. 11.27 28 29 30. 2ly It was instituted not as a Pardon Sealed but in remembrance of Christs death and passion for our sins and to shew forth his death till he come Luke 22.19 1 Cor. 11.24 25 26. 3ly It is received only as spirituall meat and drink to feed and nourish our souls unto everlasting life to eat and drink as food not to keep or reserve in a Trunk Pix or Box as men keep their Pardon● without eating them I am sure without drinking them when sealed only with hard Wax and Parchment Therefore they rather ought to receive it sitting as a sacred Feast and Supper at which all usually sit not kn●el not as a Pardon which none ever received in a Patten or Chalice 4ly Though Malefactors receive Charters of Pardon from their Princes own hands now then kneeling yet none use to receive them from their Officers or Ministers hands in that posture in our own or other Kingdoms who ever received a Pardon or Charter thus from the Lord Keeper at a Seal or from the Hanaper Officers Nor is the Lords Supper now received by any from Christ● or Gods immediate hands but only from their Ministers Therefore we ought not to kneel by their own comparison 5ly The Apostles when they received it from Christs own hands at its first institution who best knew the nature of it did not receive it kneeling but sitting Neither did any afterwards receive it kneeling but sitting from the Apostles and primitive Fathers hands why then should all now receive it from the Priests or Ministers hands only kneeling not sitting since this reason prevailed not with them to give or receive it kneeling 6ly The chief cause of receiving it kneeling in the Church of Rome after Transubstantiation introduced as Dr. Iohn Burgess confesseth that on the steps near the Table was that the Priests might with more ease put it into the Receivers mouthes without spilling who might not take or receive it with their own hands which custom being exploded in our Church all receiving it in their hands and putting it into their own mouths the reason of the introduction and use of Kneeling ceaseth To close up this point I shall seriously request all Protestant Kings Nobles Parliaments and Layme●● considerately to observe the sad effects and dangerous consequences of allowing any Church Council Convocation of Clergy-men who usually monopoli●e both the Title and Power of the CHVRCH though never so stiled in Scripture or the Articles of our Church a power to alter or innovate any Ceremony or Rite used by our Saviour or his Apostles in the Institution and Celebration of the Lords Supper upon pretext of Custom and lawfull Authority in the Church so to do the only Plea for changing sitting into kneeling in the act of its receiving by this one president of the Council of Constance Upon a Petition and Complaint of some Bishops and Church-men in that Council Anno 1414. Of the growth of Heresie and Schism in some parts of the world by administring the Lords Supper to Lay-men in both kinds and likewise after Supper or else not Fasting by some Priests according to Christs own Primitive Institution and the Apostles practise who pertinacio●sly affirmed that they ought to do thus against the laudable Custom of the Church reasonably introduced Hereupon this sacred Council as they stile themselves lawfully ass●m●led in the Holy Ghost endeavouring to provide for the safety of the faithfull against this Heresie by the mature deliberation of the Prelates therein assembled and of many Doctors as well of the Divine as Humane Law declared decreed and defined by a special Canon therein ratified Quod licet Ch●is●us post Coenam instituerit c. That although Christ instituted after Supper and administred this venerable Sacrament to his Disciples under both species of Bread and Wine Tamen hoc non obstante Yet notwithstanding this the Authority of the sacred Canons preferred before the Canon of the Scriptures the laudable and approved Custom of the Church hath observed and doth observe That this Sacunrament ought not to be celebrated after Supper nor to be received of Christians who are not Fasting unlesse in case of Infirmity or other Necessity granted or admitted by the Law or