Selected quad for the lemma: day_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
day_n	east_n	hour_n	minute_n	4,917	5	12.2222	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A11283	The safegarde of saylers, or great rutter Contayning the courses, distances, soundings, flouds and ebbes, with the marks for the entring of sundry harboroughs both of England, Fraunce, Spaine, Ireland, Flaunders, and the soundes of Denmarke, with other necessarie rules of common nauigation. Translated out of Dutch into English by Robert Norman hydrographer. And newly corrected and augmented by E.W.; Leeskaartboek van Wisbuy. English	Antoniszoon, Cornelis, b. ca. 1499.; Norman, Robert, fl. 1590.; Wright, Edward, 1558?-1615.	1605 (1605)	STC 21549; ESTC S110544	104,401	172

haue prorperly but 29. daies 12. houres and 44. minutes from Coniunction to Coniunction yet in shifting the Sunne Moone for knowing the tides it shall not bee hurtfull to giue her 30. daies iust onely to auoide fractions or broken nūbers in the vse therof for so small is y e error that groweth thereby that it is not to be accompted in any one tide to bee any annoyance to the Mariner Further you haue to note that y e 32. pointes of the Compasse containe in this vse 24. houres of times so that euerie point is iust ¼ of an houre or 45. mi. and euery 24. howers the Sun and Moone depart the one from the other 48. minutes which is iust a point and 3. minutes more And being 48. houres or two daies old they are two points and 6. minu apart and after this manner for euerie day of her age ye must ad to their aper●iment 1. point and 3. mi. vntill she come to the full or 25. d●ies olde And also yee shall note that from the change to the full she riseth by day and hath her hornes to the eastwards and from the full to the change hath her hornes to the westwards so that alwaies her hornes are turned from the Sunne and also at the ful shee is directly against the Sunne as appeareth by the figure following on the other side And likewise ye shall note y e continually at the instant of the ful the moone riseth at the present time y t the Sun goeth down in y e a This is to be vnderstood when the moone hath no Latitude but is iust vnder the Ecliptick line for otherwise whē the M. hath her greatest N. or So. Latit she wil differ for the moste parte more then half a point and sometimes an wholepoint more f●ō the Suns oposit point in such places as bee f●rre towards the North or South opposit or contrary point therfore those that hold opinion y t the moon alwaies riseth at the quart at 12. of the clocke at noone at the full at 6. of the clocke at night they are much deceaued For if the sunne set at 4. of the clock in winter he goeth neere the southwest and by west the moone being then at the ful in Canc. must needs rise at northeast by east at the same present houre that the sun setteth And as many are deceaued in this point so are there also many mistaken and oftentimes greatlye anoyed in an other point that are those y e vse in going with any bard harbrough shold or land to set the moone by the compasse to know the time of the ●ull sea in any place and this is surely a dang●rous practise For if the moone be in north signes as in Gemini or Cancer that he seeke the full sea on the East or East Southeast then by setting the Moone by the compasse to know the ful sea he may misse almost 2. houres of his tide and thereby come to a great annoyance and knoweth not how nor by what meanes it chanceth Therefore let euerie man that shal stand in néed of this rule practise y e vse therof by memory which is more cōmendable then Tables but if their capacities serue thē not to do it by head thē I wish them to vse rather such tables as are extant for that purpose vntill they are otherwise able to doe it by memory For as the Compasse lying in all places horizontally is imperfect to shewe the true apertiment of the Sun●e moone in the Zodiack so likewise by y e imperfection the cōpasse is at no time a t●ue diall to shew the houre of the day except for y e instant time of the midday or directly vnder the Poles of the Worlde where the Equinoctiall is in the horizon or els in the Equinoct pointes except the flee of the compasse be lifted vp a● the Equinoct is eleu●ted in the Lat. where the obseruation is made And this is moste found in summer time when the Sun is in north Agnes as in Cancer or Gemini at which time it is almost ● of the clocke before the sunne come to the east point of the compasse yet it is commonlye counted with many that an east Sun by the Compasse is alwaie● 9. of the clock in the mo●ning a west Sunne to be 6. of the clocke ●fter noon and so consequently for all the other pointes o● the compasse But all this error commeth by the Horizontall lying of the Flee of the Compasse as I before hath said And because the imperfection of the compasse is caus● of the error in reckoning the tides by setting ●he 〈◊〉 it by the eye the●fore I wish no mā to vse it to y e par●●se bu● to reckon their appertiment by memory or by tables as I haue before said And further héere is to be ●oted y t the common compasse being sette ½ a point to the eastwar●● of the true meridien of any place as some Compa●ses are almost● a whole point then I say by that Compa●se where the North point so varieth from the true meridian of the place so much shal it be vncertaine to finde out the ●oure of mid-day or noon yet many makes not obseruation of the Sunnes meridian Altitude vntil he be at S. by this da●ted compasse then is the Sun past the iust●nt of the meridiā and his Altitude some what decreased And y e more the Compasse is varied to y e eastwards the more shal the Sun● altitude be decreased when he is come to that point And as the south of the compasse ●oth make difference from the true Merid. in the Horizon so doth all the other pointes in like proportion from their propper place And as the varying compasse is the onely impediment heereof● so is it likewise being varied imperfect to know the appertiment of the Sunne and Moone by the point shewed in the Horizon Therfore for the easier vnderstanding of the willing learne● I haue heereafter set downe in plaine sort a Compasse Fi●e the manner how to knowe the appertiment by memorie how many points and minutes the Sunne and Moone shall be apart for euerie particular day of her age The order of your compasse that is to know your points both with the Sunne and against the Sunne beginning at the north point as heereafter followeth NOrth north by east north northeast northeast and by north Northeast northeast and by east east north East east and by north East east and by south east southeast southeast by east southeast southeast and by south south southeast south and by east South south by west south southwest southwest and by south southwest southwest and by west west southwest west and by south west west and by north west northwest northwest by west northwest northwest by north north northwest north and by west north Thus it is said with the Sunne and as heere ●●lloweth against the Sun north north

by west north northwest and so foorth contrarie wise And thus must you learne to say your Compasse bo●h with the Sunne and against the Sunne Now when you haue learned your compasse with the Sun and against the Sunne perfectly you shal learne to bring 32 to 24 as heareafter followeth Heere is mētioned before your Compasse wherein are 32. pointes also you haue to euerie point 45. minutes and to your 32 pointes are 24. houres and to your 24. houres there are 1440. minu also your 32 points are not an hower apeece for they lacke 15. minutes a peece of an hower Also you shall take out of your 32 points 8 points so there resteth behinde 24 pointes which 24 pointes must bee brought into 24 houres you haue mentioned heere before your Compasse wherin are 32 pointes Also you haue héer mencioned your 24 points also your 8 points Now for to bring your 24 pointes to 24. houres you haue to euerie one of your 24 pointes 45. minu a peece and so they lacke 15. minutes a peece of an houre Now for to make the 24. pointes 24. houres you haue 8. points which you did take out of your 32. pointes also these 8. pointes must be parted into 24. parts to make the 14. points 24. hou Also you haue to euerie one of your 24. points 45. min. the which 45. min. is three quarters of an houre Also you haue to euerie one of your 8 pointes 45. min. a peece to your eight pointes there is 6. hou to your 6. hour there is 18. score min. these 18. score min. must be parted into 24 partes and to euerie part 15. min. And when your 18. score min. are parted giue to euerie one of your ●4 pointes 15 minut and that shall make euerie point an houre for 45 min. 15. minut makes threescore minutes and threescore minutes are an houre and so your 24. pointes are 24. houres So that 8. points make the 24. pointes 24. houres and 32. pointes 24. houres And so giuing to euery 4 pointes 3. houres through your whole compasse in your 32. pointes 24. houres and you haue to the 24. houres 1440. minut● and this is called th● bringing of your thirtie two pointes to 24. houres and your 32. is twentie foure This rule of bri●ging 32. to 24. or any other number of pointes giuen to the number of houres contained in them may eastlyer be performed thus As 3. is to 4. so is the number of the points giuen to the number of houres contained in them Therefore multiply the pointes giuen by 3. and deui●e the Product by 4. for so the quotient shall be the houres sought for As for Example If you would know how many houres 13. points of the Compasse will make multiply 13. by 3. the Product shall bee 39. which being deuided by 4. the quotient giueth you 9 houres and three quarters Particular notes from the change to the full to knowe how many pointes and minutes the Sunne and Moone are apart during which time the Moone seemeth by the course of the diurnall motion to be behinde the Sunne neuerthelesse by her proper motion in the Zodiacke being swifter then the Sunne she goeth continually before him vntill the instant of the next coniunction or change FIrst at 1. day old the Sunne and Moone are one point and 3. minutes a sunder and the Moone to bee behind● the sunne to the eastwardes and so vnto the full At 2. daies old they are 2. pointes and 6. minutes a sunder At 3. daies old they are 3. pointes and 9. minutes a sunder At 4. daies old they are 4. pointes and 12. minut a sunder At 5. daies old they are 5. points and 15. minutes a sunder At 6. daies old they are 6. points and 18. minutes a sunder At 7. daies old they are 7. points and 21 minutes a sunder At 8. daies old they are 8. points and 24. minutes a sunder At 9. daies old they are 9. points and 27. minutes a sunder At 10. daies old they are 10. pointes and 30. min a sunder At 11 daies old they are 11. pointes and 33. min. a sunder At 12. daies old they are 12. pointes and 36. min. a sunder At 13. daies old they are 13. pointes and 39. min. a sunder At 14. daies old they are 14. pointes and 42. min a sunder At 15. daies old they are 16. pointes and iust a sunder the one directly against the other and then is the moone at the ful vntil which time ye must reckon the moone alwaies to be so many pointes behinde the Sunne as is aboue expressed The apertiment of the Sun Moone from the ful vntill the change in al which time the Moone is to bee reckoned before the Sunn● ITtem at 16 daies old the Sun Moone are 14 points and 42. minutes a sunder the Moone seeming to be before the Sunne to the westwards At 17. daies old they are 13. pointes and 39. minutes a sunder At 18. daies old they are 12. points and 36. minut a sunder At 19. daies old they are 11. pointes and 33. minu a sunder At 20. daies old they are 10. points and 30. minu a sunder At 21. daies old they are 9. points and 27. minuts a sunder At 22. daies old they are 8. points and 24. minuts a sunder At 23. daies old they are 7. points and 21. minuts a sunder At 24. daies old they are 6. points and 18. minuts a sunder At 25. daies old they are 5. points and 15. minuts a sunder At 26. daies old they are 4. pointes and 12. min. a sunder At 27. daies old they are 3. pointes and 9. minut a sunder At 28. daies old they are 2. pointes and 6. minu a sunder At 29. daies old they are 1. pointe and 3. minut a sunder At 30. daies is the Coniunction of the Sunne Moone Now when you knowe by these Rules before shewed how many pointes the Sunne and Moone are apart and whether she be before or behinde the Sunne then is it easily knowne by the course of the Sunne the houre min. when the Moone shall come vpon anye point of the compasse w●ere ye desire to know the houre of the full sea according to her age as hereafter followeth to make it plain by example An Example WHen the Moone is 10. daies old I desire to know● at what houre the commeth to the south southeast to make full Sea at Callis or in any other place where it floweth on that point●● say then 10 daies of her age sheweth her to bee 10. pointes and three times ten minutes from the sunne and behinde him Now for seeking of the houre of the full sea the Moone being at south southeast you must reckon the Sunne to be 10. pointes and 30. min. before her to the westwardes which falleth on the west point and 30. minutes to the Northwards And therefore the Sunne being on that point and 30. minutes to the northwards of the west I say the

full Sea shall be at sixe of the clock and 30 minutes at Callis and in all other places where a south southeast Moone makes a full sea Another Example WHen the Moone is 18 daies old being before the Su●ne I desire to knowe the houre of the ful sea where an east moone makes a ●igh water I consider that the M. being but 18. daies old there is yet 12. daies of her age to come which sheweth the Moone to be 12. pointes ●6 min. from the Sunne and before him the Moone then being at the east the Sunne must be 12 points 36. mi. behinde her which is at northwest 36. min to the westwards So the full sea where it floweth east or west the Moone 18. dai●s old shal be at 8 of the clocke 24. minutes And that by this computation is easily found in all places and vpon euerie point of the Compasse the time of the full sea or high water the age of the moone being knowne as is before declared H●w to knowe the houre of the night by the Gwards by knowing on what point of the Compasse they shal be at midnight euery fifteenth day thorow out the whole yeere FIrst you must vnderstand for the certaine knowing of the points of the compas that North is alwaies to be vnderstod directly ouer or aboue the North starre and south vnder east as you behold the starre to the right hand wards and West to the left hand y e gwards seeme to go against about the sun lattrallye comming from East to north and from north to west and from thence to the South and so ●ound euerie thrée moneths of the yeare occupying one quarter of the Compasse as followeth Ianuary Februa●ie and March occupie the Northeast quarter Aprill May Iune the northwest quarter Iuly August and September the sout● west quarter October Nouember and December the southeast quarter And although I haue onely shewed the hou● of the night by Gwards or little Bear yet the like also is to be known by any other notable fixed star●e that is neere the Pole because the fixed ●tarres contain●d within the constellations keep alwaies one equidistant motion from the Pole with out any great varietie moouing alwaies about the Pole in .24 ho. euerie one in his proper Ci●cle according to the diurnall motion So that by the point or place considered that they occupie euerie month at midnigh● may also easily be knowne the other houres of the night in reckoning euerie point to be of ¼ an houre of time And although in this rule for the houre of the night by the Gward there be 4. imperfections or error growing by our view being vpō the face or superficies of the earth or water yet so small is the error and so great the benefit of the houre of the night that I haue rather thought it necessary to let dewn it with that error then to omit it and lacke the benefit vse thereo● And heere I haue occasion giuen me somewhat to speak of them that haue writtē against mariners for their grosse iudgements and erronious ●ules promising generall reformation with new instruments which I long haue desired and daily looke for to see extant I confesse the Compasse which is the chiefe instrument of Nauigation to be most erronious and variable by reason of the natural propertie receaued from the Stone as also because of the Horizontall lying of the Flee for some vses Yet necessitie causeth vs to vse it because wee may by no meanes finde better nor without it are able to helpe our selues in any Nauigation Also the Ma●ine plats commonlye made for the sea Marine●s vse I acknowledge to be verie erronious far from the true shape of the Globe or round bodie yet I may not prefer the vse of the Globe in Nauigation before them ●or sundrie causes both for want o● true courses as also because y e variatiō And the●●o●e al such ●ules inst●uments of Nauigation be the● neuer so e●ronious and false yet of necessitie they are tollerable and not to bee ●mitted except it be possible either to refourme the olde or to make new more exact Now further to our former purpose for more plaine vnderstanding thereof I will set downe where and on what point of the compasse the Gwards are found at midnight euerie ●5 daies through the whole yere as heereafter followeth and for the better vnderstanding I haue heere set the Flee of the Compasse with all the pointes present Where the Gwardes are at midnight euerie month in the yeere I. The 15. day of Ia. the Gwards are at east at midnight The end of Ia. east and by north northerly at midnight F. The 15. of Februarie at northeast and by east at mid The end of February at northeast at midnight M. The 15. of Mar. at northeast by N. northerly at mid The end of Marc. north by east easterly at midnight A. The 15. of Aprill north at midnight The end of Aprill the Gwards north by west westerly at midnight M. The 15. of May at northwest by north at midnight The end of May at northwest by north at midnight I. The 15. of Iune northwest by west Guards at mid The end of Iu. at w by N northerly Guards at mid I. The 15 day of Iuly at west Guards at midnight The end of Iuly at west by south southerlie at mid A The 14 of August at southw by west westerly at mid The end of August the Gwards southwest at mid S. The 15 of Sept at southw by So southerly at mid The end of September at south by west westerly mid O The 15 of October a south Guard is then midnight The end of October at south by east easterly midn N The 15 of Nouemb at southeast by S southerly mid The end of Nouember at southeast then it is midnigh D The 15 of Decemb at southeast by east easterly mid The end of December at east by south southerly mid Now when you knowe on what point of the Compasse the Gwards are alwaies at midnight then may yee by it also knowe the houres before or after midnight alway reconing for euerie point that they shall lacke of the midnight point ¼ of an houre for euerie point that you shall finde them to be past the midnight point likewise ¼ of an houre as for example Example THe 15. of Ianuarie the Guardes are at east at midnight if then you finde them at south east which is foure pointes short of the east that sheweth it to bee foure times 1 ● of an houre before midnight which is nine of ●he clocke in the euening If you finde them past the east point looke how many points they are past so many times ¼ of an houre is it past midnight and this is a gene●all rule for euerie month in the yeare If the verie same day of the month be not heere expressed which you shall then occupie then take the middest or the end of the same month that is next vnto the same day and so the error cannot be great The houre of the night is also knowne by the Gwards or any other star né●re vnto the north Pole by diuers sorts of instrum●nts made to that vse some deuided as the compasse into 32. points therby reckoning ¼ of an ho. for euery point others deuided into 24. houres as this Instrument following which is to be made of a Hoope of mettall deuided into 24. houres euerie houre hauing a little pinne that it may be felt in the night when it cannot be seene to number the houres This Hoope being deuided into 4. equal parts ye sh●l make fast a threed to euery quarter therof and the other 4. endes of them shal be fastned to a ring in the middest of the instrument through the which yee shall see the north star And thus holding it verie vpright of a reasonable distance frō your eye ye shal haue the Gwards directly with the pinnes in the Hoope at such howres as is numbred vnder the pin But it is necessarie that ye knowe by memorie as I haue before shewed what point those starres shall be on at midnight and thus it serueth for any starre neere the Pole AT LONDON Printed by E. Allde for Hugh Astley and are to bee solde at his Shop at the corner of S. Magnus Church 1605.

meanings and inuention● who publish and commit to the view of the worlde their trauailes and labours to no other ende but to reape thereby eyther priuate gaine or popular applause and commendation as though indeede they were not thereunto by duetie bound with their whole studdy care endeuour all the faculties of their minde whatsoeuer From which sort of Ambitious persons as my owne conscience dooth cleerely exempt mee so yet neuerthelesse I feare that shall hardlye scape the hard censures and criticall doome of many Linxes whose glancing penetrancie and quicke eye sight being able as the fable reporteth to look through a stone wall will no doubt be readie enough to encounter my honest meaning in simplicitie and bee a great deale forwarder to finde faultes then able to amend faultes Howsoeuer such seuere Stoicks shall daine to thinke of me my owne conscience acquiteth me of al sinister pretence what peremp●orie sentence soeuer shall bee pronounced vppon me I doub● not but the better moitie of the Marine sorte for whose v●e this present wo●ke is especially published will accept in wo●th th●se my paines and trauailes Neyther n●ede I to feare as I hope any sinister construction at the handes of those whi●h wi●h indiffe●●n●ie will weigh my m●aning and without preiudicate opinions consider my labours For as the woorke is the obseruations and collections of diuers and sundrie experimented Trauailers So if they any where be found somewhat in matters of smal moment to ia●re or a little to disagree consider that the iudgements of sundrye men be euer haue been diuers sundrie Besides there may some pettie faultes escape in the Dutch Coppie by often imprinting But truely as neere as I could I haue followed yea in manye places by my owne obseruation bettered the originall Which trauaile for thy behooft furtherance and safety in thy worthie and moste excellent trade I was the willinger to enterprise and as thou seest accomplish because of the great commendation praise approbation giuen thereunto by diuers skilfull men expert in those Coastes whereunto this serueth All which I haue done Gentle Reader with intent profit my Countriemen in whome I wish increase of skill in all profitable artes and Sciences Robert Norman How to knowe all your Courses markes and dangers from London to Barwicke YOu shall come downe the riuer of Theme● from London till you come to the ●ast ende of the Norre there you may anker And because you shall know how to anker cleere o● it your markes bee Pritkelwell Steeple shut in the highwood y t standeth on the North sho●e by the water side so you shall anker cleere o● the ●ast-end of the Norre also if you d● bound fro the eas●end of the Norre to the northward your couse lyeth from the said place to the shōw northeast and southwest and vppon the said show there standes a Beacon and to take heede of the blacke taile that lyeth on the north side of that course and come no néere it th●n 5 or 4 fatham and take heede of the Hens eggs y t lyeth on the east ●ide of that course and come no neere it then 3. or ● fatham and take heede come no neere the said show then 12. or a 11. fatham Also your course lyeth betweene the showe and the spires north northeast and south southwest and so t●ke heede of the red boord that lyeth on the east side of that cou●se and ●ome no neere it then 3. or ● fatham and also o● the white 〈◊〉 that lyeth on the West side of that ●ourse and come no neere it then 6 or 5. Fatham and so take h●e●e of your ●ide for it sets west southw vp among y e sands and so you shall haue in the faire way of that course 12. or 13. Fath And when you come at the Spittes looke wel to your markes for your thwart marks of the Spite is Brodwell that standes on the west side and bring it shut vp in the wood that standeth in the north ende of it also your length markes to S. Towses steeple shut in the channell ende of the Abby or els the two woods the one in the other and so you shall haue on the Spits at a lowe water two fatham and a halfe and at nepe tides three fathams at a high water foure fatham and in spring tides at a high water 5. fatham vppon the said spits and so if ye bee bound into Coome water goe your waies vp northweast and so take you heede of y e O●se● that lieth on the northside of the Channel and come no néere it then 4. or 3 Fathams and also the Knole that lyeth on the west side of that channel and come no neere it then 3. fatham and so your length marks of that channel are a high tree tha● standeth in thetle of Marse and bring it in the ●or●●r of th● greene feelde three square like a triuet and so when yee bee shut vp as far as the Ware head goe your way north northwest or north till yee come as high as M●rse block house and there you may anker and there it foweth ●n your chang● day south and by west and north and by east also ●f yee goe from the Spits to the northwarde take heede to the Conflit that lyeth on the east side of you come no neere him then 6. or 5. Fath and so run your North till you haue brought the ende of Naas in the high land on this side it and soe go northeast til you come at the Na●s and come no neere i● then a Fatham and a halfe at lowe water and so you shall haue 4. Fatham at a high water also if ye be bound from the Naas into Harwich water your course lyeth northwest or northwest and by west and so take heede of the Pies that lyeth on the west side of that course and come no neere them then two Fatham and so take heede of the Pole head that lyeth on the ●aste side entring into Harwich water and come no neere it then 4. Fatham Also take heede of the Aulter that lyeth on the west side of that channell come no neere it then 3. fath and so run vp along by the Beech that lyeth on the east side of that channell Also take heede of the Warres that lyeth on the west side of that Channell and so you may runne vp till you come before Harwitch Towne and there you may anker and there it floweth on your change day south and by east and north and by west Also if yee bee boun● from the Naas with Orford Naas your course lyeth between thē northeast and southwest and take heede of the Platters and of the long land that lyeth on the south side of that course and so you may goe hard aboord of the Naas and so runne yee no farther off than nine or eight fatham Also your course lyeth betweene Orford and Lestoffe roade north and by east south and by

west and so take heede of the Home head as you enter into Lestoffe south roade also your course lyeth betweene Lestoffe North rode and Yarmouth rode north and south Also if you bee bound south of Yarmouth rode to the Northwarde take heed of the Fr●nchmans sande that lyeth betweene you and the main your markes of that sand are two high trees brought in the midst of the long house y t standes vpon the cliffes end also your thwart marke of it is a lowe tilde house in the valey and bring the eues of it in the edge of that land and so you may beare within eight or nine fatham of it and so you may goe with Winterton Naas and come no neere the Naas then sixe or seauen Fatham so take heede of the Skirte Knocke that lyeth thwart of Hemeshicots and it lyeth on the east side of the Channell and come no neere it then 7. or 8. fatham Also your course lyeth betweene Winterton Naas and Cromer North and by west and south and by east als● your course lyeth betweene Orford Naas and Cromer a sea boord of all the sandes north northeast and south southwest and take heed of the Blunchbarrel that lieth in the faire way of that course also take heede of the Limmer and Ore that lyeth east southeast betweene Winterton Naas Cromer and lyeth alongst the land to the water also your course lieth betweene the Daggar and shield and Burnam flats that lieth in the inner part of the well west south west and Easte northeast also your course lieth betweene the Daggar and the shield and Laurenas west north west and east southeast and so take heede of the inner parte of the well bankes which is the vttermoste parte of Burnam flats And many other blinde sands and dangers also if yee bee bound from Laurenas into Humber take heede of the Bull that lyeth on the west south west side of that channel come no neerer it then 12. or 11. Fathams Also take heede of the Sunk that lyeth on the north northeast side of that Channel and come no neerer it then 7. or 8. Fatham and so ye may run into Grimple rode or to the White both if yee please and if ye goe from the White both to Hull runne vp alon● by the west shore till yee come against Scutter milles which is thwart of Paule and giue it a little birth of the hauen for there runneth a great tide in the midst of that channell and there is naughtie anker holde and there it floweth on your change day west and by south and to the westward Also if you goe from Laurnas to Flamborow head your coorse lyeth betweene them south south east and north north west so take heede of the Smith sand that lyeth thwart of between Burlington and Flamborow head if your winde hang westerly that you cannot gat about the head take heed how you anker in Flamborow rode for there is foule groūd and your markes that you haue to anker in cleere ground is the Windmill that standeth on the lower parte of Flamborough head and bring the said Windmill in the midst of the great ditch and so you shall anker in cleere ground also your course lyeth betweene the Dagger and Shield and Flamborow head Northeast and Southeast also if yee bee bound about Flamborow head looke that the tide set you not into the Sea for it is but ill haling of the coast againe also your course lyeth betweene Flamborow head and Scarborowe Northwest and Southeast and so take heede of Fillibridge that lyeth in the way and giue a faire birth of the shore Also your course lyeth betweene Flamborowe head and Huntley Foote Northwest and Southeast and take héede of Whitbye Rocke that lyeth in the fayre way of that course and come no neere it then the windowes of the Abbey cleere of the lande and also if yee bee put off with Whitbie hauen take heede how you goe in for there stāds vpon the rocks of the S. side of y e hauen a crosse and so you may goe in and leaue the crosse on the southside of you and giue it a little birth of you but your ships breadth so you shall goe cleere into the hauen there it floweth on your change day southwest to the westward also your course lyeth between Huntley foote and Tinmouth hauen West northwest and east southeast if ye go into the hauen take heed of your Beacons which is 2. little white houses and the one stands vppon the Cliffe the other standeth vpon the sands beneath and also bring them together one aboue the other and so shall yee go cleere into the Hauen also if he be put beside it by night there is in one of thē a light also if your winde be scant y t you must turne in you may be bolde to borrow of the south west side at 2. fatham and a halfe at three quarters floud at the north-northeast side at three fatham and so it floweth on your change day vpon the Bar Southwest and Northeast also it floweth on your change day at Newcastle bridge West southwest and east northeast also your course lyeth betwéen Tinmouth and holy Iland north northwest and south southeast and so take héed of Cocket Iland y e lyeth in the midway of that course and if ye be put to anker in Scate roade take heede for there is foule ground also there are markes to tell you to anker in cleere ground that is the draw bridge of Bāborow in the midst of the Castle ditch and so you shall haue good ankerholde in cleere ground betwéene holy Iland and it if ye be boūd into holy Iland hauen be sure you take your marks with you which is holy Iland church shut in the square tower of the Abbey so you shall haue vpon the Bar at a low water two fathams so you may be bold to borrow of Bibeile side if ye be put out of Scateroade with Barwicke betwéene the Plow the Goleston your course lyeth north northeast and south southwest and if yee goe to Barwicke hauen looke out for the crosse that standeth on the northwest side vpon the rockes and so ye may goe in on the south side of the Crosse till you come as high as Twedmouth Also your course lyeth betwéen y e Ferne Iland and saint Tabs head in Scotland north and by west and south and by east also your course lyeth betwéene Scarborough and Saint Tabs head north north-northeast and sou southwest and so ye shall goe cléere a seaboord of Ferne Iland and whē yee be past it you may hale in with Saint Tabs as your winde will serue you and there it floweth on your change day south and north so fare you well ¶ In Commendation of the painfull Sea-men WHo so in surging Seas his season will consume And meanes thereof to make his onely trade to liue That man must surely knowe the shifting Sunne

Iland that lieth between the Flee and the Tessell that is called Yereland and there standes a little house vpon it see that you take heede to your tides alwaies before the Tessell for the fore floud and latter end of the Ebbe sets ouer to the Northwards and the last of the floud and first of the ebbe sets to the southwards Item Tessell is two leagues ½ in length Item from Marsedeepe to the Sweene is nine kennings Item from Marsedeepe to the Ulie is 8. leagues Item whosoeue● will saile out of Ulie to Shotland the course is north Northwest and somewhat weste●lye and so saile with a fore winde it is three daies and a halfe sayling and is 152. leagues ●ussel Item for to knowe Holland Egmont is a flat steeple standes vpon the sea side and within Egmont are two stéeples standing togeather in one Churchyard Item Fairehill and Shotland lye by North Northwest and south southeast 150. leagues Item Shotland and Boffamnes lye North and to the eastwards and south and to the westwards and are distant 46. leagues Item Shotland and Orteny lie southwest and north-Northeast ●0 leagues and when you are about midway betwéen them you may see them both at once in a cleere day Item Ortenye and Boffamus lye south southeast and north northwest 26. leagues Item the southwest end of Shotland and Fayre-hill lye North Northeast and south southwest two kennings distant Item Fayrehill and Farie lye Northwest and by west and south east and by east a great day and night sayling Item Shotland and Barghen lye neere east and west 60. leagues distant Item Shotland and Farie lye west northwest and East south east a day and a night sayling Item Shotland and the Osterhooke of Island lye North West and by West and southeast and by east three dayes sayling Item Farie and the Osterhooke of Island lye northwest and southeast two daies sayling Item from the Osterhooke of Island to the Beare for t the course is south south west and North Northeast twentie leagues Item from the Bearefort to the Siden is 16. Leagues the course is West southwest and East Northeast is the course to Mydall from Siden is all lowe plaine land and within high Item from Mid●ll to Webnie the course is West and Webnie lies three mile from the land and betweene Webnie and Midall is 6. leagues Item from Webnie to Robenes the course is west north west and east southeast sixteene leagues Robenes is a little blacke poynt between UUebnie and Robenes is foure Hauens And likewise there lies of Robenes west southw three Ilands whereof twaine are two leagues and a halfe a peece and the third is fiue leagues long Item from Robenes to the Snens iockle the course is northwest and by north and south east and by south and are distant sixteene leagues A●d betweene them are many Hauens as Dorse Hauen and Busandē Cabelwick Morwicke Walstruse Strent Hamfort Hullin an and Iland called Widowe halfe a mile from the land an other also called UUalfort Item from Snens Iockle to the Bederstand the course is south and north and are distant sixteene leagues And by the Iockelles lye three Hauens called Bodem then Stapen the Riffe by Bosten Riffe dooth lye three Hauens Kurmwork and Grindfort and an Iland called Sletten Item from the Berderstant to the Schaghen is 7. leag doe lie North and by East and south and by west and betweene them lye foure Riuers and called in that tongue Foordes The first is Paters fort and then Telkfort Admerfort and in Admerfort are three Hauens Item from the Schaghen to Disefort is 8. long leagues and they lie one from an other North Northeast and south southwest and between them are two Foordes Orenderfoord and the Sugheford Item Disefort and Schalwicke lye Northeast and by North and southwest and by south and are distant foure leagues in D●sefort lye three hauens schutelfort and Alfort and the Iland Edoc The fords in Island that is the riuers or creekes going vp into the Land FIrst Swidens fort Heeft fort Scort fort Meise fort the Disefort Gruniwick Nerd fort the Iocklefort Rabben fort Hesterbeche and in that Hauen lie Whale fish bones Item from Schaelwick to the Haddenstrant the course is north northeast south southwest and are distant 11 leagues Heere lyeth three mountaines and yet is whole land Item from the Haddenstrant to the Schagen Fort is 16 leagues and lie North Northeast and south southwest betweene these lye manie Fordes or Creekes going vp into the land And first the Singrins Foord going into the landwards Griens ford and then the Bitter and the Putiford the Nide foord Wydaell and Wasedaell the long Déere Item from Schargenfort to the Widalen the course is East southeast and West Southwest and are distant fiue leagues Staghenfort is a Hauen and is called Lapsand Item from the Widalen to the Rauen hooke is twentie Leagues and lies east● northeast and west southwest beetweene these twaine lies three Hauens the first Sigelfort and then Dackfort then Huiswicke And likewise three Fordes or Riuers the first Ydlefort and then Oneselfort and then Lerefort all which are Riuers or Creekes going vp into the Land Item from the Romehooke to Grinsie is eight leagues and lies east and west Item Grinsie is an Iland and lyeth from Huiswicke 8. leagues south southeast and north northwest Item Grinsie and Denfort lye south southwest southerlye northeast northerlye Item Grinsie and Sighelfort lye southwest southerlye and northeast northerlye And vnder Grinsie you may anker for a northeast winde in 17 fatham Item from the Roemhooke to the Langnesse the course is East southeast and west northwest and are distant sixtéene Leagues betweene these twaine lies a sound and a Riuer the sound is called Rooder sound and the riuer is called Sescelfoert and lyes at the westwards of the Langnesse and Ynwicke and Roodhauen lyes eight leagues from Langnesse and they lie in a manner east and west Item from Langnesse to Osterhooke the course is south southeast and North Northwest and are distant foure and twentie leagues and betweene them lieth a Hauen called Worneforte and to the Eastwards of the Langnesse there lies a great mountaine The going in at Vergate Item if yee will goe in at Uergate bring the steeple of Middelbrough E. Capplen in one or to the southeast southerly and run directly so till you finde Shald water at thrée Fatham and goe yee so foorth ouer the Shald then against Meiland you shall come into nine or tenne Fatham then keepe on so vntill ye come where the Mermaide is set vp at Teruere and till you haue brought those towers or steeples which are called Ualentines towers in one then shall you be ouer against the easter Towers and keepe those towers of Teruerre in one and so runne euen hard to by them and alwaies account of your tides for a south or north Moon there makes a full Sea Now to knowe Warkeren by the

of Aberwracke you shall haue 50. fatham and three leag from the shore is there 56. fatham Item if you 〈◊〉 thwart of Set Iles north-Northeast of tenne leagues you shall 〈◊〉 52. Fatham Item if you saile southwest from the Caskets 13. or 14 leagues past Garnesay and from thence to Set Iles in the Drech course is 35 and 40. fatham Item if on the day you lye off and on betweene Aberwrack and the Fourne come no neerer the Rockes then 35 or 40. fatham and take good heed in the night Item if you lye off and on in the day time betweene the I le of Base Lanterger you may come within 25. fatham of the maine without danger Item he that comes with Dragnesse West southwest from Set Iles let him come no nearer by night then 40. Fatham The course to be kept sayling from the tayle of Aise THe course from the Killiats or taile of Aise to Use is west northwe●● frō the taile of 〈◊〉 i● the northwest end of Use is 14. leagues Item Bel●●lle and Bluet 〈…〉 ●●rthwest and it is from the Northwest and of 〈…〉 southeast end of Bellille 16 leagues The course from Bellille to the 〈◊〉 P●nmarke is West Northwest and so you shall 〈…〉 enough off the Pennes and from the west 〈…〉 to the southeast ●nd of Bellille is 19. leagues Fontenie or the Rase lies from the wester Penmarke northwest and are distant 8. leag●●● Saint Powles de Lyons lieth from Ush●nt east and by north and are distant 16. leagu●● Set Ile lyes from saint Powl●● 〈…〉 and i● distant 12. leagues Garnesey lies from saint 〈…〉 and a little to the Eastwards and are distant 〈…〉 The Caskets lies from saint 〈◊〉 ●●●theast and are distant 28. leagues The Caskets lie from the 〈…〉 and a little to the eastwards and are dista●● 45 〈◊〉 Berefleete lies from the 〈◊〉 and by south and is distant 16. Leagues Seine head lies from 〈…〉 and by north and is distant 21. leagues Item the Rockes which doe li● without the Cape of Cause lye north northeast of 〈◊〉 head about 5. leagues Blacknes lyes from the said Rockes of Cause northest and a little to the eastwards and is distant 30. leagues From Blacknes to Graueling the land lyeth alongst northeast and by east And all the Coast of Flaunders lyeth east northeast and west southwest The lying of the Headlands of the Coastes of Porting all and Spaine IN primis the point at Farao or Cape saint Mary lies from the Rockes of Chipiona which lie at the east point of the entring of the Ru●er of Swill east and West distant 28. leagues The Cape saint Uincent lyeth from the Cape of Saint Maries West and a little to the Northwards and are distant 18. leagues Cape Picher lyes from the Cape of saint Uincent North and to the westw●●●s distant 33. leagues The Cape of Rockesemper lies from Cape Picher northwest and by north and is distant 8. leagues The Burlings from Rockesemper lye north northwest and are distant 1● leagues Cape Finister lyeth from the Burlings due North and are distant 68. 〈◊〉 The entring 〈…〉 lyes from Burlings north and by east 55. leagues The Iland of 〈◊〉 lye from Cape Finister southeast and by south distant 16. leagues The entring 〈…〉 Moores lyes from Cape Finister southeast and 〈…〉 5. l●●gues The Cape of 〈◊〉 lyes from Cape Finist●r due north and is distant two leagues Siserge lyes from Cape Corian Northeast and by east and is distant 10. leagues The Cape Pri●r li●● from Siserge East northeast and they are distant ● leagues The Hauen of Ferr●e lyes from Siserge due East distant 7. leagues Ortingal lyes from Cape Prier Northeast and by East and is distant 8. leagues Ortingall U●r● point cape Pennie and Martinchaco in Biskaie lyes one from an other east and west and are a sunder 66. leagues The Iland of Saint Cyprian lyes distant from Ortingall 7. leagues The entring into Rebadew lyes from the Iland Saint Ciprian southeast and they are distant 8. leagues The Rockes of Cappenye lye from the ●ntring of Rebadew northeast and by east distant 14. leagues Martinchaco lies from the Rocks of Cape Penie east is distant 43. leagues The point of Pewger lies from Martinchaco east and by south and are distant 14. leagues The point of Bayone lies from the H●wgar northeast and are distant fiue leagues Arkason lyes from the point of Bayone due North and is distant 18. leagues The Pole head of Burdiaur lyeth from Arkason due N. and is distant 18. leagues The south Peretris by Rochell lyes ●rom the Cole head of Burdiaux north northwest they are ●●●tant 1● leagues The courses to be kept in cro●●ing the Sea IN primis the Cape of Cleare and 〈…〉 doe lye one directlye from the other south 〈…〉 and North and by West and are distant the one from the other 155 Leagues The Tower of Waterfoord lyeth from the Groine next hand due North and are distant 156. leagues The olde head of Rinfal and the 〈…〉 south and to the eastwards north and to the We●●wards and distant 155. leagues Sillie lyes from Cisarge North and by east and is distant 133. leagues keeping that course you shall goe foure leagues to the eastwards of Silly Ushant lyeth from Cisarge north northea●● and are distant 108. leagues The Cape of Ortingall and the Lyzard lye the one from the other north and by east and south and by west and are distant 130 leagues The Seames the Hauen of Rebadewe doe lie one from an other north and by east and south and by west and are distant 94. leagues Item Pem●ark● lyeth from Uiueris north northeast and are distant 90. leagues Mouse hole in Cornewall lyes from Cape Prior North and by east and are distant 136. leagues Fontenie li●● from Ortingal north northeast and is distant 90 leagues Groy lies from Uiueris northeast and by north distant 97. leagues Bellille lies from Ortingall Northeast is distant 90. Leagues and keeping your course so you shall fall seauen leagues by east 〈◊〉 And you mu●t 〈◊〉 that seauen leagues are heere reckonev for a kenning Item Set Ile is three kennings to the Eastwards of the Fourne and ther● lies by them a great soncken rocke in the sea when 〈◊〉 are North and by west from the land so farre an you● 〈…〉 from the Hatches of the ship then it seem● 〈…〉 loine Hill and on the toppe on the east side thereof is a little valley and it seemes to bee halfe a ships length and on the west side of the Hill is likewise a little valley and it seemes also to bee about a ships length long and 〈◊〉 that ●halle● vpon the west side stand 2. little Hilles and the vttermoste of the two is the greatest And then there 〈◊〉 high hill a good way within the land and that lies a little 〈◊〉 east the foresaid rocke And when you are off from the said out Rock northwest and by