Selected quad for the lemma: day_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
day_n	east_n	hour_n	minute_n	4,917	5	12.2222	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A08582	The circles of proportion and the horizontal instrument The former shewing the maner how to work proportions both simple and compound: and the ready and easy resolving of quæstions both in arithmetic, geometrie, & astronomie: and is newly increased with an additament for navigation. All which rules may also be wrought with the penne by arithmetic, and the canon of triangles. The later teaching how to work most quæstions, which may be performed by the globe: and to delineat dialls upon any kind of plaine. Invented, and written in latine by W.O. Translated into English, and set out for the public benefit, by William Forster.	Oughtred, William, 1575-1660.; Forster, William, mathematician.; Oughtred, William, 1575-1660. Addition unto the use of the circles of proportion. aut	1633 (1633)	STC 18899B; ESTC S120820	74,822	159

that imaginary parallel doth the manifold vse of this Instrument especially rely because the true place of the Sunne all that day is in some part or point of that circle Wherefore for the better conceiuing and bearing in minde thereof euery fift parallel is herein made a little grosser then the rest I Vse And thus by the eye and view only to behold and comprehend the course of the Sunne both for his Annuall and Diurnall motion may be the first vse of this Instrument II Vse To take the height of the Sun aboue the Horizon Set vp the pinne which is therefore made fit for the hole at the center perpendicular in the center and put the Indices on both sides downe vpon the Meridian that they with their waight may not sway the Instrument any way as it hangeth then with a threed put into the hole aboue in the handle hang it perpendicularly bearing the edge toward the Sunne that the pinne may cast a shadow vpon the degrees in the limbe for that degree which the shadow of the pinne cutteth in the limbe is the height of the Sunne aboue the Horizon at that present III. Vse To find the Declination of the Sunne euery day Looke the day of the moneth proposed in the Ecliptic and marke how many degrees the prick shewing that day is distant from the Equinoctiall either on the Summer or Winter side viz North or South Example I. What will the Declination of the Sunne be vpon the 11th day of August Looke the 11th day of August and you shall find it in the sixt Circle aboue the Aequinoctiall now because each Parallel standeth as hath beene said before for 2 degrees the Sunne shall that day decline North-wards 12 degrees Example II. What Declination hath the Sunne vpon the 24th day of March Looke the 24th day of March and you shall find it betweene the second and third Northerne parallels as it were an halfe and one fift part more of that distance from the second reckon therefore 4 degrees for the two Circles and one degree for the halfe space so shall the Sunnes declination bee 5 degrees and about one fift part of a degree Northward that same day Example III. What Declination hath the Sunne vpon the 13th day of Nouember Looke the 13th day of Nouember and you shall find it below the Equinoctiall tenne parallels and about one quarter which is 20 degrees and an halfe South-wards So much is the Declination And according to these examples iudge of all the rest IIII. Vse To find the Right ascension of the Sunne euery day Imagine an hower line through the day of the moneth giuen and marke in what point it will cr●sse the Aequinoctiall then lay a Ruler or a streight Scroule of paper to the Pole of the world noted in the Instrument with P W and that same point For the Ruler shall in the innermost Circle of the limbe of the South side cut the Right ascension of the Sunne for that day to be reckoned from the West to the point of intersection for the first or vpper Semicircle of the Ecliptic or from the East together with 180 for the second or lower Semicircle of the Ecliptic V. Vse To find the longitude of the Sunne or in what degree of the Signe he is euery day The Pole of the first Semicircle of the Ecliptic is noted P I. and the Pole of the second Semicircle is noted P I I. Lay a Ruler or a streight Scroule of paper to the day of the moneth and the proper Pole of the Semicircle of the Ecliptic in which it is for the Ruler shall in the innermost Circle of the limbe on the South side cut the degree of the Sunnes place in the Ecliptic reckoning it in the same manner as you did in finding the Sunnes Right ascension and the Arch thus found is called the longitude of the Sunne which may bee expansed into signes by reckoning on the limbe from the West to South ♈ ♉ ♊ and from South to East ♋ ♌ ♍ then backe againe from East to South ♒ ♏ ♐ and lastly from South to West ♑ ♒ ♓ allowing 30 degrees for each of those twelue signes VI. Vse To find the Diurnall Arch or Circle of the Sunnes course euery day The Sunne euery day by his motion as hath beene said describeth a Circle parallell to the Aequinoctiall which is either one of the Circles in the Instrument or some-where betweene two of them First then seeke 〈◊〉 of the moneth and if it fall vpon one of those 〈◊〉 that is the Circle of the Sunnes course that same day But if it fall betweene any two of those Parallel● imagine in your minde and estimate with your eye another Parallel through that point betweene those two Parallels keeping still the same distance from each of them As in the first of the three former Examples The circle of the Sunnes course vpon the 11th day of August shall be the very sixt Parallel aboue the Aequinoctiall towards the Center In Example II. The Circle of the Sunnes course vpon the 24th day of March shall bee an imaginary Circle betweene the second and third Parallels still keeping an halfe of that space and one fift part more of the rest from the second In Example III. The Circle of the Sunnes course vpon the 13th day of Nouember shall be an imaginary Circle betweene the tenth and eleauenth Parallels below the Aequinoctiall still keeping one quarter of that space from the tenth VII Vse To find the Rising and Setting of the Sunne euery day Seeke out as was last shewed the imaginary Circle or Parallel of the Sunnes course for that day and marke the point where it meeteth with the Horizon both on the East and West sides thereof for that is the very point of the Sunnes rising and setting that same day and the hower lines which are on both sides of it by proportioning the distance reasonably according to 15 minuts for the quarter of the hower will shew the hower of the Sunnes rising on the East side and the Sunnes setting on the West side VIII Vse To know the reason and manner of the Increasing and Decreasing of the dayes and nights throughout the whole yeare When the Sunne is in the Aequinoctiall it riseth and setteth at 6 a Clock for in the instrument the intersection of the Aequinoctiall and the Ecliptic with the Horizon is in the 6 a clock Circle on both sides But if the Sunne bee out of the Aequinoctiall declining toward the North the intersections of the Parallel of the Sunne with the Horizon is before 6 in the Morning and after 6 in the Euening and the diurnall Arch of the Sunne greater then 12 howers and so much more great the greater the Northerne Declination is Againe if the Sun be declining toward the South the intersections of the Parallel of the Sunne with the Horizon is after 6 in the Morning and before 6 in the Euening and the diurnall Arch lesser then 12

at that point and the pinne vpright in the Center hold or set your instrument parallel to the plaine of the Horizon with the pinne toward the Sunne and moue it gently till the shadow of the pinne shall fall exactly vpon the fiduciall edge of the Labell For then the Meridian line of the instrument shall be in the true Meridian of the place and the foure quarters of the instrument shall looke into the foure cardinall points of East West North and South Wherefore if with a bodkin you make a prick at each end of the Meridian of your instrument where it standeth and with a Ruler draw a line through them the same shall bee the Meridian of that place This is a most excellent practise for finding out the Meridian in any place and is in an instant performed and that easily And hereby you may examine the Variation of the Compasse And also exactly place any Sunne Dyall XX. Vse Consid●rations for the vse of the instrument in the night In such questions as concerne the night or the time before Sun rising and after Sunne setting the instrument representeth the lower Hemisphaere wherin the Southerne Pole is eleuated And therefore the Parallels which are aboue the Aequinoctiall shall bee for the Southerne or Winter Parallels and those beneath the Aequinoctiall for the Northerne or Summer parallels And the East shall be accounted for West and the West for East and the North shall bee accounted for South and the South for North contrary to that which was before when the Instrument represented the vpper Hemisphaere XXI Vse To find how many degrees the Sunne is vnder the Horizon at any time of the night Seeke the declination of the Sunne for the day proposed and at the same declination on the contrary side imagine a Parallel for the Sunne that night and marke what point of it is in the very hower and minute proposed then set the Index or Labell to that point of the Parallel and it will shew you thereon the degree of the Sunnes depression vnder the Horizon XXII Vse To find out the length of the Crepusculum or Twilight euery day Because the question concerneth the night time you must seeke out the Sunnes Parallel for the night on the other side of the Aequinoctiall hauing the same declination with that which the day of the moneth sheweth then moue about the Labell vntill the said Parallel cutteth the edge thereof in the 18th deg on the West side for the Morning Twilight and on the East side for the Evening Twilight of the same day And note that in the height of Summer the Twilight in our Horizon continueth all night long because the same goeth not vnder the Horizon full 18 degrees XXIII Vse To find the Declination of any Wall or Plaine Take a board hauing one streight edge and a line drawne perpendicular vnto that edge apply the streight edge vnto the Wall at what time the Sunne shineth theron holding the board parallel to the plaine of the Horizon and hang vp a thread with a plummet so that the shadow of the thread may fall on the board crossing that perpendicular line Then take with your Instrument the height of the Sunne and instantly make two pricks in the shadow of the thread on the board a good way distant one from the other and laying a Ruler to those two pricks draw a line which line shall be the Azumith of the Sunne on the board againe with the height of the Sunne lastly taken find out on your instrument the Azumith of the Sunne or the Angle which the Sunnes Azumith maketh with the Meridian by the XV. Vse And on the board taking the intersection of the shadow line with the perpendicular for the Center describe a Circle equall to the innermost Circle of the Limbe which you may easily doe if you set one foot of your compasses vpon the East or West point and extend the other foot vnto 60 degrees on the same innermost Circle for this distance is equall to the Radius thereof Againe with your compasses take of the Arch betweene the Azumith of your Instrument and the Meridian and set that on the Circle of the board that way that the true South is and through the end of that Arch measured on the board draw a streight line for the Meridian Lastly take with your compasses the Arch intercepted between the Meridian on the board and the perpendicular line and by applying it to the in most Circle of the limbe from the East or West points see how many degrees it containeth for that is the declination of the Wall Or else you may find the Meridian vpon the board by XIX Vse If the Angle of the Meridian with the perpendicular on the board be a right Angle the Wall is direct East or West But if the Meridian fall vpon the perpendicular or be parallel there to making no Angle with it the Wall is direct North or South XXIIII Vse The Art of Dyalling And first how to make the Instrument in paper promised in the beginning of this second part For the Delincation of this instrument in paper it will bee necessary first to shew the manner how the Semidiameter is to bee graduated or diuided into degrees and how the Centers and Semidiameters of the seuerall kinds of Arches are to be found Vpon halfe a sheet of strong large Dutch paper the larger the better draw two streight lines making a right Angle neere one of the corners the one through the length and the other through the breadth of the paper which two lines I therefore call the longer and the shorter perpendicular Vpon the right Angle point being the Center with a Semidiameter equall to that by which you intend to delineate your instrument describe a quadrant of a Circle and on the point where it meeteth with the shorter perpendicular draw a long tangent line parallel to the longer pependicular Divide the Quadrant into 90 degrees among which from the beginning at the shorter perpendicular reckon the eleuation of the Pole for which you will make your instrument and applying a Ruler to the end thereof and to the Center where the Ruler cutteth the tangent line make a prick And taking with your compasses the distance from the Center to that prick measure it vpon the shorter perpendicular this shall be the Semidiameter of the sixt hower Circle At the end thereof draw another long line parallel also to the longer perpendicular Then out of the Center vnto the second parallel through every degree of the quadrant draw fine streight lines cutting also the first Parallel The intersection of those lines with the first Parallel shall be The scale of centers of Arches And their intersection with the second Parallel shall be The scale of centers of hower Circles And the segments of those lines intercepted betweene the Center and the first Parallel shall be the Semidiameters of Arches and the whole lines betweene the Center and the second Parallel

howers and by so much lesser the greater the Southerne Declination is And in those places of the Ecliptic in which the Sun most speedily changeth his Declination the length also of the day is most altered and where the Ecliptic goeth most parallel to the Aequinoctiall changing the Declination but little the length of the day also is but little altered As for example when the Sunne is neere vnto the Aequinoctiall on both sides the dayes increase and also decrease suddenly and apace because in those places the Ecliptic inclineth to the Aequinoctiall in a manner like a streight line making sensible declination Againe when the Sunne is neere his greatest Declination as in the height of the Summer and the depth of Winter the dayes keepe for a good time as it were at one stay because in those places the Ecliptic is in a manner parallel to the Aequinoctiall scarce altering the declination and because in those two times of the yeare the Sunne standeth as it were still at one declination they are called the Summer Solstice and the Winter Solstice And in the meane spaces the neerer every place is to the Aequinoctiall the greater is the diversitie of dayes Wherefore we may hereby plainely see that the common receiued opinion that in every moneth the dayes doe equally increase is erroneous Also wee may see that in Parallels equally distant from the Aequinoctiall the day on the one side is equall to the night on the other side IX Vse To find the Ascensionall difference of the Sunne every day Seeke out the time of the Suns Rising or Setting that same day by the VII Vse and see how much it differeth from sixe a clocke then conuert the same difference into degrees as was taught in 1 Part. Chap. 12. Sect. 1. by multiplying the howers with their decimall parts by 15. And so haue you the Ascensionall difference for that day X. Vse To find out the Oblique ascension of the Sunne every day Seeke out the Sunnes Right ascension by the IIII Vse and the Ascensionall difference by the IX Vse And if the Sunne be in the first Semicircle of the Ecliptic Subduct the Ascensionall difference out of the Right ascension But if the Sunne be in the second Semicircle of the Ecliptic adde the Ascensionall difference to the Right ascension and you shall haue the oblique ascension XI Vse To find how farre the Sunne riseth and setteth from the true East and West points which is called the Sunnes Amplitude ortiue and occasiue Seeke out as was shewed in the VI. Vse the imaginary Circle or Parallel of the Sunnes course and the points of that Circle in the Horizon on the East and West sides cutteth the degree of the Amplitude Ortiue and occasiue XII Vse To find the length of every day and night Double the hower of the Sunnes setting and you shall haue the length of the day and double the hower of the Sunnes rising and you shall haue the length of the night XIII Vse To find the true place of the Sunne vpon the Instrument which answereth to the point wherein the Sunne is in the heauens and is the ground of all the questions following Take with your Instrument the height of the Sunne and reckon it on the moueable Index or Labell and then moue the said Labell till you find the height of the Sunne exactly to fall vpon the Parallel of the Sunne for that day on the East side if it bee in the Fore-noone and on the West side if it bee in the After-noone the point of intersection where the Index or Labell crosseth the Parallel in that point of the Sunnes altitude shall bee the true place of the Sunne on the Instrument XIIII Vse To find the Hower of the day The true place of the Sunne on the Instrument found out as was last shewed sheweth among the hower lines the true hower of the day XV. Vse To find out the Azumith or verticall Circle in which the Sunne is or the Horizontall distance of the Sunne from the Meridian The Index or Labell fastned at the Center is a moueable Azumith apply therefore the edge thereof vnto the true place of the Sunne on the instrument found out as was shewed by XIII Vse And marke what point of the Horizon or Limbe the same edge of the Labell cutteth reckon how many degrees of the H●rizon are intercepted betweene that point and the Meridian line or South point either on the East or West side and that Arch shall be the Horizontall distance sought for whereby is shewed the Azumith of the Sunne at that instant and consequently the Angle which the verticall Circle or Azumith of the Sunne maketh with the Meridian XVI Vse The Azumith of the Sunne being knowne to find out the Altitude of the Sunne and the Hower of the day Set the edge of the Labell to the Azumith given and marke in what point the same edge crosseth the Parallel of the Sunne for that day that point of intersection sheweth the height of the Sunne aboue the Horizon vpon the Labell and also it sheweth the hower of the day among the hower lines XVII Vse To find at what hower the Sunne commeth to be full East or West every day in Summer Apply the edge of the Labell vnto the East or West points of the Limbe and marke in what point the said edge cutteth the Parallel of the Sunne for that day for that same point among the hower lines shall shew the time of the Sunnes comming to be full East or West in that day and likewise of what altitude the Sunne will be aboue the Horizon at that time of his being full East or West XVIII Vse To find the height of the Sunne at high Noone every day and likewise at every other hower Marke in what point the Parallel of the Sunne for that day cutteth the line of that hower for which you would know the Sunnes altitude And vnto that point of intersection apply the edge of the moueable Labell or Index and thereon shall you find the very degree of the Sunnes altitude at that hower By this XVIII Vse and by the XVI are made the Quadrants described by Gemma Frizius Munster Clauins Mr. Gunter and others and also all manner of Rings Cylinders inuumerable other topicall Instruments for the finding out of the hower and other like conclusions And likewise the reason of finding the hower of the day by a mans shadow or by the shadow of any Gnomon set vp perpendicular to the Horizon or else parallel to it XIX Vse To find out the Meridian line and the points of the compasse without a Magneticall needle yea more exactly then with a needle Take the height of the Sunne by the shadow of the pinne and apply the same height reckoned on the Index or Labell to the parallel of the Sunne for that day whereby you haue the true place of the Sunne in the instrument as hath beene shewed in the XIII Vse Then keeping both the Labell