with tarre oyle oliue mixt together which thing is counted a very good and perfect remedie If your beast haue the fluxe of blood some do vse to take a quantite of new hogges doung with a handfull of the mosse that groweth about the foote of an Ash tree and chops it very smal with the hogges doung and then they mixe it with a quart of good strong ale or beere and so giues it the beast in the morning with a horne Another some takes a quicke loche fish and puts it in his throate and makes him to swallow it Another take also of the herbe called bloodwoorte with the herbe called shepheards purse of eche a haÌ„dâ—ul and then â—hoppe them together smal and so mixe them with a quart of the milke of one coloured Cow and stirrâ— them well together with some leauen of browne bread then 〈◊〉 you straine it with the runnet of milke so giuâ— it to the beast milke warme first and last 8. or 9. daies together Another Take three ounces of Facioli called in Latine Smilax in English kidney beane or long beane take those which are red with 6. drag 〈…〉 es of Peper with a quantitie of the séede of broome made in fine powder and so giue him thereof twise or thrise a day in putting thrée ounces of the saide pouder in two quartes of milke Another some doe make the beast to swallow a liue frogge in cutting of one of his legs and so puts it downe his throate Another some other doe take of new hogges doung mixt with a quart of strong ale or béere and so giues thereof to the beast morning at noone and at night the space of thrée daies together often proued Another some takes 5. or 6. small thinne slices the leanest of martlemas béefe and let them be laid awhile to soake in a quart of strong ale or béere and put thereto one handfull of hogs deung newly made then stirre it all well together and so make the beast tâ— drinke it euening and morning the space of two or 3. daies and kéepe him still in the house vse this and it will helpe him often proued Another take a good handfull or more of knoâ—gresse choppe it small then bruise it a little and mixe it with a pint or more of good ale or beere And iâ— ye can get the shel stone wâ—icâ— is found on tylde landes and is much like vnto the scallop shel which ye shal burne in the fire then make fine pouder thereof then put some of that powder vnto your foresaid drinke and so giue it your beast which haue bin proued a good remedy Another make a posset of the milke of one coloured cowe and giue it vnto your sicke beast luke warme Another take a quantity of the fine powder of Bolearmeniacke and mixe it with ale or beere and giue it your beast with a horne Another take a quantitie of the pouder of the rootes of gallingale finely beaten and theÌ„ mixe it with a pint or more of good ale or beere and so giue it another also the rootes of the wildâ— mallowes boyled in wine or strong beere and giuen to the beast is good to stoppe the fluxe of blood and so are all those afore mentioned good against the bloudy fluxe in cattel being ministred in fit and conuenient time wil take the more effect to stoppe the said disease Against superfluous flesh growing on the tongue of some cattel which is called of some persons the barbes SUch superfluous flesh on the tongue of cattell wil hinder the beast oftentimes in eating his meate being called of some husbandes the barbes or teates which doth grow long like teates nigh the roote of his tongue Wherefore they doe cast him and take foorth his tongue and clippe them away with a payre of sheares or cut them with a sharpe knife and some doe burne them with a hotte yron which way is counted more painfull to the beast Then they rubbe it with salt and garlicke beaten together till all the â—egme be cleane gone then they wash all his mouth with sâ—lt and wine or salt and vinegre and within an houre after yee may giue him some grasse or greene hearbes or the tender leaues of trees so long till they be all whole Also if a beast haue the barbes which as some do say will grow and hang like flethe pimples vnder his tongue which must bee clipt off and then rubbed and chafed with garlicke and salt beaten together as aforesaide and washe and rubbe his mouth gently with soft linnen dipped in warme wine and bathe wel these sores vnder his tonguâ— and then vse him as aforesaide and he shall doe well If the beast haue neither barbes nor yet fluxe do not eate his meate well it shal be then good to beate garlicke with Sallet oyle and squirt thereof a morninges into his nostrils if ye mixe therwith the iuice of an onion it shal make him the more desirous to eate Against pissing of blood or bloudy fluxe IF this disease be newly begun of your beast ye shal take but a frogge and cut off his left legge and so put him aliue into the beastes mouth but then ye must haue readie a handfull of salt mixed with a pint of good stale ale and so soone as ye can after the frogge giue the beast the drink and make him to swallow al downe together for this is counted very good and also wel approued But if your beast haue continued long then shal yâ— take of sharpe Tanners owze with the powder made of olde martlemas Biefe mixed and wel stirred altogether then giuen to the beast this is also good wel proued and the iuyce of madder giuen with honied water is called good If your cattel haue dropping nostrilles IF the nostrilles of your beastes doe droppe or water run foorth thereat ye shal rubbe his throate with salt sauâ—rie mixt together and also his iawes to rubbe and chafe the said parts with brine and garlicke mixed together or to squirt into his nostrils the iuyce of pimpernel mixt with a little white wine and this is good both for the dropping nostrils and the watery eyes of cattel For an Oxe or a Cowe that swelleth thorow the aboundance of bloud IF any Oxe or Cowe doe sometimes swel thorow aboundance of blood whereby it wil swel in their tongue that it wil stoppe their winde and soone perish thereof if there be not remedy with speede The remedy is ye shall first chafe him a little vp and downe then cast him and take forth his tongue and pricke with an awle thorow the great middle vayne therof vnder and there at let him bléed well and he shall amend soone againe but looke then that the signe be not in the head for then it is ill to stoppe And somtimes a beastes tongue wil swel so bigge that he can hardly take his breath ye shal see him lyll holde out his tongue then
him forth to some place to make him swim Then do nourish him well after for a time and hee shall doo well If your horse is troubled with choller his belly wil swell and wil be hot nor he cannot then vent beneath and then ye must rake him with your hand and clense the naturall conduits which are stopt and take forth his dung and ye shall giue him sauin stauesaker and salt boild and mixt together in putting to a little honie and minister it in at his tuel like a glister or suppositorie which will moue and purge forth al the choller Some do beat iii. ownces of mirre with iii. pintes of wine and giues it with a horne and to chafe and rub his tuell with tarre and olde grease Other do wash his belly with falte water of the sea or water and salte As for other purgations they do commonly giue in powders and pilles which must be giuen with good discretion according to ech disease his medicine Which ye shal vnderstand more thereof at large in M. Blundeuils booke for horses howe and when to purge them therefore I here passe it ouer Against the bots or wormes in the guts when the horse is troubled therewith the signes are he will oft wallow and lye downe for paine and rise sodainly againe Also hee will bow his head towards his side or bellie and stampe with his feete and friske with his taile often the next remedy is put your hand into his tuell and drawe forth his dung and wash his belly with sea water or strong salted water and caste in his throate three ownces of the rootes of capers beaten with halfe so much vinegar and that will kill all wormes and bottes Some take hot embers and put it in running water then strayne it and giue it warme with a horne and walks him after halfe an houre and tyes him vp with the bridle and others take fenegreke and baies licoras and turmericke of ech a halfepeny worth of anniseséeds a penyworth with a quantitie of brimstone in powder beat all these smal together and put them in a quart of ale and giue it fasting warme and walke and vse him as before kéepe him warme al that day after or a pint of milke with a sponful of sope Some giue sauin chopt among prouender or a ry shelfe or the fine powder of brimstone in warme milke some other do let them bloud fasting in the ruffe of his mouth and that is the best for a mare that is with fole and to let her bloud often and to giue her a little prouender after for if ye should giue her stronger thinges it were dangerous for the colt except it were strong and nigh her time some do giue them mans dung hot and annoints the bridle therewith and chafes him thereon and maluesy also is good fasting for the cough newly taken they take lentile pease clean made dride and beat to powder and put thereof in warme water and so giuen a pint Use him thus thrée daies and giue him grasse and tender branches of hearbes For an old cough they heale with vi ounces of the iuice of léekes mixt with a pound of oyle oliue and so giue it with a horne and giue him grasse to eat after and to annoint his griefe with vinegar oyle mixt together If it helpe not then chafe him sometimes with sal niter allum mixt together with a fether of ech 〈◊〉 like with some vinegar If there be pushes or blisters on his body ye shal frote them so hard in the sunne that they bléed they mixe of the roote of iuie with so much brimstone of tar and allum put al together and therewith heale it For the cough some say take a hedgehog cast him into an ouen dry him to powder and alway mixe of that powder with his prouender which wil helpe at length any cough Or to take a handful of boxe leaues smal chopt and mixe it with a peck of ground malt and séeth it in a gallō or two of faire water and let the horse drinke thereof milke warme and giue him white water for two or three daies after or a handfull of groundsell small shred with the powder of licoras and anniseséedes of ech a quantity and so giue it warme in a quart of ale then ride him softly after and keepe him warme for two or thrée daies after To heale al sores or other chasinges on horses in any part of his body they do vse to wash them with warme water and then to rub and chafe them with grease and salt melted together so long till the matter ripe and issue out such sores oftimes do kill horses if there be not in the beginning some remedy found Some do annoynt them with oyle of Cedar or of Lentyles or with nettle séedes mixt with sallet oyle or the oyle of a whale or the dropping of salte tunny and chiefely the grease of a seale fish But if the sores be old ye must haue stronger thinges as to boyle of betony hearbe and brimstone powder of ellebory of pitch with as much old grease and with this they do heale all old sores in racing them first with a sharpe yron and then to wash them with pisse and so to annoint And sometime if it bee festred to cutte it to the quicke and then to drawe it with medicines as shall be made with tarre and oyle or such like which will clenes and fill agayne the place and when the haire shal be full againe and closed full with haire then it shall be good to chafe the place with soote of a cawdrone and butter and to heale a nauelgall or sore backe take soote of a chimney and yest mixt together and plaister it therwith which wil heale without any other thing in shifting it once a daye For rising of the skinne or raysing thereof Take two great onyons and boyle them in water with hounds tongue hearb then being hot take a pound of salt and mixe it with strong vinegar putting therein the yeolke of an egge then mixe all together and rub the place therewith and ye shall see the experience And for his backe that is chopt and swolne ye shall first wash him with pisse hot then annoint him with fresh butter and lay theron a little hay wet in cold water and so clap your saddle thereon and let him rest so al that night or annoint it with butter then put on the wette hay and your saddle Some clap these to hot horse dung then the saddle but take the groundes of ale or beere and boyle it wel with mallowes and clap it hot but if the skinne be through chaft so that it do water and is very moist yee shall haue ready in a bagge filde with the powder of bryer leaues finely beaten and put a little of that thereon and it will drie it by the morning ond it will heale it also without other thing Also for
those cold herbes it may mittigate the heate of y◠potion The cure is hard if it haue gone-long then shall yee take of these herbes following that is of Venus or mayden haire of flouredeluce of ash buds and leaues of lycoras of cardamomum of pepper of byting almōds of burrach of ech 2. drams of nettle seeds of aristolochy of ech 2. drams of lycor as half a dram of pitch of Coloquintida 2. drams moūting in al to the quantity of two poūd let this portion be giuē vnto him 3. times or more if he wyl and ye may put vnto it the water that lycoras haue byn sodde in Then if this disease doe yet remayne ye shall heale him with this medicyne except it haue long growne this wil heale him Notwithstanding there may be diuers remedyes giuen to helpe for a tune as by drinkes in helping his guts also in slitting his nostryls to take wynd which perhaps may be a helpe to continue long and to giue him a litle boyled wheat for thrée dayes space But first ye shal let him drink of y◠water where in al these herbs haue layn a night before thē giue it a boile and let him drinke it milk warm in taking out al the herbs cleane with a strayner as of paunces longwoorte maidenhayre y◠crops of nettles Carduus benedictus herb fluellin the roots of dragons bruised the roots of elecāpane bruised of water hemp of peniryall of light wort herb Angelica of ech of these a good hādful or so many as ye may haue of thē bruise lay thē al night in 2. or 3. gallons of water giue it a boyle in the morning and let him drinke thereof mylke warme so much as he wil. Then giue him of the wheat boiled vse him thus fiue or sixe daies keep him in a close and coole place after let him haue grasse this will helpe him if there be any recouery this is good also for any dry cough Also it shal be good to giue hym water sod with lycoras and mirt with some wine and let y◠be his only drinke for nine or ten dayes after Thus much for the brokē wynded horse The glāders is an yl disease taken by a heat a sodain cold and appeareth at his nostrils to haue kyrnels vnder hys iowles which wil payne him sore to eate and at length wil run at his nostryls The remedy is take heat horse doung pisse and clap it vnder to his iawes and so perhaps it maye go away againe If not the remedye is seeth a handfull of pylde garlicke in mylk and put a peece of butter therto and some ale then stirre altogether and giue it him fasting and ryde him softly a while after and then set hym vp and keepe him warme the space of nine dayes if yee can and giue him warme water and he shall do wel Another take an ounce and a halfe of the powder of elecampanie and put it in a quart of ale and giue it him warme and vse him as before Another put 2. or 3. roasted and peeled onyons into hot seething milk with a quātity of beatē garlick and put it into the mylke then stirre it wel but first put into the milke a little oatmeale and then the other and make it not thick and put in too or thrée spoonful of hony and stir it altogether and giue it blood warme and kéepe him fasting al the night before after this drinke walke him awhile and set him vp warm and giue him meate The mourning of the chine is a sorenes doubtful to cure and is taken by sore trauel and then a sodaine colde which disease is vncurable For as a French man saith To heale the moruning of chine Is hard to find any medicine It wil appeare at his nose like the Oake water blacke or as it were soote and water mixed together more blacker than the glaunders If ye wil knowe further herein reade Maister Blundefield his book of horses there yée shal see it written at large The strangurion is a griefe easte to heale it cōmeth by chafing a hot sweat then hee taketh colde wherin he wil be very sick whervpon wil arise swellings in diuers places about his head with kyrnels on both sides his necke within néere stopping his wind seantly able to swallow his meate and holding his head outright which is manifest y◠the inflāmation is within the throat somtime therwith the throat is swoln so the he hardly taketh his breath neither cā eate nor drink Which cōmeth of cold humors frg the head The cure Let him blood on the neck vayn if his age wil permit then make a ryping plaister of mallows linséed rue smalledge ground yuy boyle al these together put to oyle of bay with a quantity of Dia althea then take it frō the fire therwith make your playster lay it to let him drink warm water mixt with meale or lay a plaister of bran stéeped in wine vnto his throat to rype it when it is rype launce it so tent it and kéepe him warme and annoynt often that place of his neck with butter til he be whole The haw in the eie of a horse is a litle whit hard gristle in the inner corner of the eye it wil grow and couer half his eye it commeth by a grosse matter from the head if it be not cut out in tyme it wil at length haue out his eys and some horse hauing one wil soone haue another The cure Ye shal take vp his eye lydde with a stéele néedle as is aforesayd wash or spurt in some drinke after The Frounce is a disease soon cured and they are smal pymples or wartes in the middes of the pallet of his mouth aboue and they are soft and they will let him to eate his meate and they come by eating of frozen grasse or by drawing frozen dust with the grasse in their mouthes The remedy is they doe but cut them or burne them and then washe them with wine and salt or ale and salt and so they will goe away A splint is the least sorenesse that is and alway doeth continue Many seemes to mend it and they payre it it is as wel on the outside of the legges as on the inside sometimes they wil be as bigge as your fingers which comes by trauelling too young or by too heauie burdens or by sodayne starting and strayning his sine wes The cure Some do heale it by rubbing it with a hazel stick made crosse with nicks therwith rubs the splint al ouer crosse And others do shaue of al the haire with a stick cut checkerwise then layes tarre theron and rubbes therewith twise a day all on the splint til it be cleane gone Some do say to burne is the best but if he be not wel healed he may halt continually after Also some doe clippe or shaue the
in the gummes and téeth when they growe yee shal take of good chalke with strong vinegar mixed together and rubbe the teeth and gummes therwith and they will mend The feuer is holpen by letting blood on the middle vaine on his thigh foure fingers vnder his tuell or els take the vayne in the necke and for his drink ye may mixe the iuice of purselaue gumme dragant frankencense in powder with a few damask roses and giue him this in a quantitie of honied water Agaynst faintnesse and weakenesse about the hearte of a Horse yee shall keepe him verye warme take an ounce of myrre two ounces of gum dragant two ounces of saffron one ounce of the powder of mellilot one pounde of the herbe Mercurie the powder of frankincense according to the rest then mixe altogether and make it in fine powder and take two spoonful thereof and giue it with a pynt of homed water and two spoonefull of oyle of roses Use this once a daie till yee see him amende this is also good to strengthen the reynes and backe and slacknesse of other members Against heate in a horse if it be in Winter ye shall giue him three ounces of sallet oile with a pint of redde wine if it be in Sommer giue him two ounces of oile with a quantitie of wine The barbes are twoo tettes vnder the tongue if they growe long they will hinder the horses feeding and they doe vse to clippe them with a payre of sheares and then washe it with water and salte and so they wil heale For the ytche in the tayle yee shall annoynt it with soape and then washe it with strong lye This will helpe against the scabbe scurfe and and woormes and against muche wearing of the taile keepe it alwaies wette with faire water The ytche may come of trunchins in the fundalent and then yee must rake him for that is a good helpe Also they saie if a Colt doe not cast his milt when hee is folde he will not liue long after but die sodainely within few yeeres after there is no horse that doth liue long which hath any milt in him Also for the shooyng of a Horse mee thinkes it is connenient that the husbandman shoulde vnderstande somewhat thereof although in manie places they doe know better than some Smithes For in most places of Englande the Smithes haue small skill thereof but after a common sorte howe to shooe euerye Horse as hee ought to bee they knowe not Which knowledge doeth consist in diuers pointes as in good stuffe in making fitte shooes for ouerye horse foote in driuing the nayles right and also the making thereof in paring and leauing the hoofe where it ought to bee alwayes hauing respecte therevnto For there is as greate a respecte vnto the paring as in the shooing because of the diuersitie of hoofes for some bee rounde some long some shorte some smooth some rough some tender some tough tome flatte and some hollowe and broade hoofes commonly haue narrowe heeles which will bee soone weake to trauell or to carrie his shooe long and in goyng lowe on his pastornes hee is apte to surbat and grauell The rugged horse is not so muche apte to surbat or grauell but it is a signe of vntemperate heate and drought which makes the hoofes brittle A long hoofe commonly treades on the heeles and pastornes which breedeth wyndegalles A broade crooked hoofe without and narrowe within it makes him splayfooted and treadeth more inward than outward going with his ioyntes close together maketh him to enterfeere and so become same A broade foote inwarde and narrowe outwarde is not so hurtfull but on the outside hee will soone grauell A flatte hoofe not hollowe within is like to a vnperfecte hoofe A hollowe hoofe will waxe soone drye and that causeth hoofe bounde And the straight vpright and narrow hoofe will waxe soone drie except hee bee stopped will soone bee hoofe bounde which will cause hym to bee so lame that hee cannot treade sure And whereas the frushes are broade the heeles are commonlie weake and softe so that yee maye easily crushe them together and those horses will neuer treade well on stones or harde grounde And also where the heeles are narrow they are commonly tender and hoofe bound The hoofe ought to bee pared euen that the shooe maye fitte close and iust thereon not beeyng in one place more higher than another And because the weight of the bodie afore lies most on the heeles Therefore to fauour them take as little as yee maye but the toes beyng thicke and harde may be taken the thinner and the paring of the hinder foote is cleane contrary to the fore feete as afore is shewed in driuing the nayles saying before behynde behinde before which is beware the twoo hindermost natles on the fore feete and the two foremost nayles on the hinder feete In shooing the fore feete make your shooes with a broade webbe and with thicke spoonges meete in all places somewhat appearing on the outside of the shoe And when yee naile or set on the shooe spare not from the middes forewarde but beware backwarde towardes the heeles and yee shall pearce the heales wider on the outside of the shoe then on the inside and more distant from the toe then the quarters because the hoofe is more thicker forewarde then backwarde and more holde to be taken the nayles woulde bee made stiffe with square heades and with sharpe pointes and meete at the head to fill the holes of the shoes standing a strawe breadth without the shoe and so will hée stande most sure without shaking and also will last longer But that order most Smithes doe little regarde but to dispatche and awaye and when they pearce a shoe they commonly make the inside as broade as the outside and theyr nayles are made with suche greate shoulders they cannot sitte well thereon nor enter close into the hoales aâ—ayle wel made shoulde haue no shoulder at al but still lesser and lesser towarde the poynt For otherwise he wil stande so high and the necke thereof being weake soon doth breake or els bend at euery light stroke as I haue oft séene the triall and the shoe thereby soone lost The nayles also would be made flatter on the one side than the other with a small poynt and stiffer still towards the head and when yee driue strike softly first with a light hammer till it bee well entered Some doe greace the poyntes for a tender hoofe to goe more easter and first yee shall driue the two hoofe or side nayles of eache side one then looke if the shoe stande right or not with the spoonges right on the sides If not mende it and driue your other nayles and sette downe then his foote to see if they bee all fitte and wel placed and the horse to treade euen thereon If not take vp his other foote to make him stande more stiffer thereon and with
the spring it cometh with a swelling in the belly and foming at the mouth and sodainly the shéepe will fall downe in the way The remedy is Take a quantitie of rue and another of rosemarie and boyle them in milke or in new ale for that is the better and when it is a little boilde then stampe it and then straine it and so giue it milke warme vnto the shéepe but before yee giue it pricke him vnder the tongue and make it bléede if ye can and he shal do wel There is also oftentimes a giddines in sheepe which doth take them in their heads as shepheards do iudge if it bee the bladder ye shall find it soft vnder your finger and there ye must cut it as is afore said or the worme vnder the horne which is likewise afore declared For any other paine or giddines these are special good Take the iuice of iuie leaues and put thereof into his eare and bind it fast for casting out Or the iuice of cackcospit in like case warme Or the iuice of hegtaper cald foxe gloue put it into the eare The iuice of wilde time stampt with ale straind and giuen Or the iuice of sowbred calde in latin panis porcinus distild in at the nose into the head doth purge both the head and the braine of the shéepe Against water in the body or belly ye shall stampe and straine of two peny grasse giue it with wine boild Against any water in the head boyle purcelin in honted water straind and so giuen All these aforesaid are good against water in any part of the body Also they saye when the téeth of sheepe waxelong and euen it is a signe of age in them For the worme in the guts SOme shéep wil haue a long worme in his guts and also â—lambs of a quarter old which bréedeth of some raw humor the signes are he wil forsake his meat sit most coÌ„monly bowing his head to his belly he wil often grone his belly wil swel shortly wil die theron if he be not holpe The remedy take a quantitie of the iuice of horehound with some léeke blades albrused so giue it Or to giue him the powder of wormeséed in some maluesie Also the powder of sauin finely beaten and giuen in wine or ale Shéep sometimes wil be lowsie and haue lice like hog lice which breed sometimes by much wet sometimes by hunger and pouerty and sometimes they may haue lice in lying among hogs and then ye shal sée them rubbing scratching with their hornes and so wil teare their wooll in many places The remedy take quicksiluer kilde in oile oliue or spettle therwith annoint your sheep or the pouder of white ellebory and mixe it with sallet oile and therwith annoint Or boile it in vinegar and wash the shéep therewith Or take the powder of stauesaker and mixe it with oile oliue annoint therwith Or ye may take fresh grease sope tar melt together therwith annoint Al these afore said are good against shéep that are lowsie There is sometime on the end of the yowed tets a certaine smal mote or scab with a black head hanging vnto it a hard mattry string like flegme which is within the tet and it wil slop her milke that of some yow the lambe can draw no milke Wherefore the shepheard must sée to al such things in tamming time or els some lambs are like to starue Some shepheards say that a horned ram is il to get lambs for the yowes are at lamming time in more danger of deliuerance because the lambs haue long stubbed hornes before they are lambd wherby in the lambing time they put the yowes in more danger therfore the net ram is counted more better Some shéep wil haue a water bladder vnder their chin which ye shall féele to be soft which wil breed in moist times of winter by féeding on moist places shepheards haue no other common remedy but to launce it a little and then to tar it There be some lambs their pesill is clouen I can learne no remedy but kéepe it cleane til he be big and annoint it with tar and then to kil him for he wil die at the length How for to know the age of a shéep she being of one shere she wil haue two broad téethafore at the second shere shee will haue iiii broad teeth afore at the third shere she will haue vi broad téeth afore and at the fourth shere shee will haue viii broad teeth afore and thus ye may know the age of all sheepe by their teeth Sheep are cald ouis in latin which word cometh of sacrificing in the old time The sheep is a beast good profitable for many coÌ„modities for the vse of a man as commoÌ„ly is known among all men in this countrie and others If the rams be put vnto the yowes when the winde is in the north the yowes will bring males and if the winde be in the south if the yowes he then couered they will bee female lambs Also such a colour as the vaine is vnder the rammes tongue of such colour shal the lambe be when he is lambde and when old sheepe are moued to generation in vnordinate times shepheards say it is a good signe And if young sheep be so moued they say it is a taken of some generall pestileÌ„ce among them that yeare following Also Aristotle saith shéepe do commonly conceiue in drinking-water and therefore some shepheards do giue them salt and do force them to take it which doth cause them to conceiue the rather and salt will kéepe them longer safe and sound without sickenes They do also giue them in haruest Cucurbitas and such hearbes with salt which will increase much milke in their vdderns If your sheepe be made to fast three daies and then giue them meat they will soone after waxe fat in sommer cold water coming out of the north springes is good for them to drinke and in haruest warme water coming out of the south shall be good for them and then to eate in the later part of the day or night is also good for sheepe And those sheepe which are driuen and trauell farre do soone waxe leane and shepheards wil perceiue those that will best endure out the next winter folowing for some sheepe are so feeble they are not able to shake of the I se from their backes and some will suffer none thereon but still shake it off The sheepe which be nourished in watry places their flesh is not so holesome as others nourished in drye groundes and those foure footed beasts nourished in moysts groundes with long tailes may worse awaye with winter then those with broad tailes Also sheepe with smal and thin short wooll on their tailes may worst away with winter shepheards say the wooll of a sheepe that is wirried with the wolfe or eate thereof it is infected and the cloth made of that wooll wil
shall put into their nostrelles of Mistleto leaues stamped with wine but this must be done ass 〈…〉 as your beasts begin to ware ficke and then to vse euerie beast that is infected as is aforesaid For a beast that doth not like nor well digest his meate VVHen a beast doth not digest his meate the signes is of rawnesse in the stomacke and want of digestion is when he belcheth often and his guts maketh a crowling his 〈◊〉 wil be charged with droppes his nerfes and sinewes wil be hard and stiffe which cause is he doe not vse to rubbe nor 〈◊〉 himselfe The remedies are these ye shal take 9. pintes of warme water and 30. colewoort leaues a little boyled and mixt with some vinegre so make him to swallow it downe and all day after ye shall let him eate nothing but that Some do lie him in the stal laies meate afore him so that he cannot eate thereof then they take 4. pound of the toppes of lentiles and the toppes of wilde oliues and beates them together with a pound of hony and put thereto 4. pintes of water and then setteth it a night in the open ayre and on the morrow giue it him and within an houre after they giue him of wilde tares or fetches soked in water but no drinke and this ye must do three daies together till all the cause be taken away Then if this doe not helpe his digestion or crowling of his guttes and belly which thing doth trouble him so that he cannot eate his meate and it maketh him to weepe and to complain and mourne then let him not rest long in a place and also if he lie on the earth ye shal re 〈…〉 his head often where his taile was Also this is a manifest remedy for them ye shal bind hard the vpper part of his taile next his bulcke so done ye shal giue him then a pint and a halfe of wine mixt with a quarter of a pint of oile oliue and make him to swallow it and then leade him apace the space of a mile a halfe Then if the disease go not away ye shall then annoint your handes with greace butter or oyle oliue and draw foorth his doung at his fundament and make him like wise to runne a good space after if this profite not yee shall take wilde figges dried and all to bruise them then mixe them with nine times so muche warme water and so giue it vnto him If this yet helpe not yee shall then take two pounde of the leaues of myrtes then stampe them and mixe them with thrée pintes of warme water and so giue it with a horne but first let him blood vnder the tayle chase him wel afore ye let him blood to bléede the better and when he hath bledde sufficiently then stoppe it in binding it about with the barke of some tree for closenesse Also they vse this remedy among the rest that is to giue vnto the beast thrée ounces of beaten garlicke in a pinte of wine or more and then to driue and make him to runne a good while after Another they vse also to beate two ounces of salt with ten onions and then puts thereto a little melted honie and so puts it into the tewel or arsegut of the beast and after they chase him awhile and make him to runne Al these aforesaid haue beene assaied against lacke of digestion Against the crowling called of some the crying of the guttes and fretting thereof in cattell AS concerning the crowling and crying of the guttes paine thereof in cattel which are oft times troubled therewith which griefe is appeased and helped by this meanes as when the beast shall sodainly see any thing swimme specially a drake on the water shal sodainly be healed thereof and also the drake in sodaine beholding the beast the said beast shal be healed thereof Likewise if any drake beholde the horse the said horse shal be sodainly whole thereby And yet as some times they can finde no medicine that can helpe Also the signes of the trenches with fretting of the guttes are these The fluxe of the bellie with great aboundance of fleame the remedies are take fiue Cipres apples with so many gall nuttes with olde wheate the weight of both the other two then beate them well altogether and put it into three pintes of redde wine and giue the beast by euen portions therof foure morninges yee shall not forget to put there vnto if yee can of lentile pease of mirtes and the croppes of wilde oliue treâ—s All these haue beene saide to helpe the frenches and fretting of the guttes The fluxe of the belly doth increase by little and little and so at length goeth through the whole body of the beast which will sore diminish his strength and cause him to labour verie â—â—owe and faintly When this shall happen yee must keepe your oxe or other beast three daies from drinke and the first daie to giue him nothing to eate Then after giue him the croppes of wilde oliues or of Reede or such like or the seedes of lentile pease or mirtes but geâ—e him as little water as yee â—an For the fluxe of the bellys sometimes continueth vnto blood and then it weakeneth a beast very much and he will thereof die if there be not somâ— remedie founde Whâ—rfore the best is as aforesaid to giuâ— him no drinke for the space of foure â—r fiue daies but to giuâ— him the brâ—ised kirnelleâ— of raysons steeped all one night in redde wine or to giue him of gall nuâ—â—es and of Cipres mixt and beaten together in redde wine and so giuen in a morning Likewise also against the payne oâ— the guttes and fluxe thereof some doe take the shutes and toppes of the teÌ„der bay tree and steepes it wiâ—h so much Sothernwood all a night in three pinâ—es of warme water and so giues it to the beast fasting Another also other do take and bruise a quantitie of the dried kirnelles of grapes and giues it mixt with three pintes of redde wine and to let him drinke no other thing but as aforesaid â—he tops of bayes and sothern wood steeped in warme water so long as the said â—â—uxe doe continue or as ye shall see cause If the fluxe doe not soone cease or the paine of the gutâ— and belly ye shall giue him but little meate for the space of three or foure daies For his head being then charged with a watrish humour he shall by eating little auoyde more easier the water out by his eâ—es and at his nose then otherwise he should doe and for an extreame and speedy remedy thereof ye must burne him in the middes of his forhead with a hot yron vnto the bone and also flitte or race his eares after rubbe the place twise a day with some oxe pisse warmed on the fire and vse this medicine vntill he be whole and also ye shall annoint the burnt place in his forehead
it in butter then cut his dewlop ii inches beneath the sticking place then open it round with your finger or with a sticke on both sides beneath then put in your stuffe ye shal cut your dewlop 4. fingers aboue the bottome therof Then must yee tye a strong threede vnto your stuffe to plucke it vp and down as ye shall sée cause in euery third day and it will rot the sooner If the humour do not rot then change your stuffe and put in newe And he shall do well Against the pantase in a beast IF Oxe or other beast haue the pantase hee will shake much and quiuer in the flankes and pant The cure Ye shall giue him some runnet soote and chamberlye mixt together Against swelling by eating the tine worme YE shall giue him wine salt and treacle For a stroke in eye laye thereunto the iuice of sma 〈…〉 h fennel and the white of an egge The garget or swelling in a beast comes sometimes on the bone of the eyelid which wil be like a botch or bile The cure Cut the skinne round about the eye and againe about that cut another skinne betwixt that and his lippes if it come to his lippes it is vncurable The cure Take wine and salte sod together and wash the place euening and morning till the swelling go away Then scrape of all the scales and filth then annoint the place with narueil andhony boild together and that will both heale and skin it A practise against the murren in cattell TAke the rootes of Angelica the sea thistle mixt with fennell séede take of new wine of wheate flower boile them and so giue it sprinckle the beast also with hot water and he shall recouer When horse bullocke or other beast is sicke Then take bearefoot hearbe for a bullocke they put it in his dewlop for a horse in his breast for swine or shéep through the eare wherein ye shall make a hole with a lattin bodkin and the said roote of bearefoot put through the hole of the eare and to make a perfume take powder of brimstone vnslet lyme garlicke wilde margerum and coriander laid on coales so they may receiue the fume thereof which will heale them Ye shall alwaies haue ready for your cattel fenegreke one pound licoras halfe a pound of graines one pound of turmericke halfe a pound of bay beries a quarter of a pound of long pepper one pound of treacle of Iene one pound of anniseseedes one pound of cummin halfe a pound of madder halfe a pound of orpemint halfe a pound which groweth in many woods Against belching or euill liking in cattell Take pelitor of Spaine hearbe grace fethersue sage horehound of ech like of bay salt three pintes of strong new ale to the value of the rest let all boile together three or foure walmes then strain it and giue to ech beast a good part thereof a mornings fasting warme and then let them not drinke till the after noone If it helpe not he will grone and remoue from place to place Then shall yee binde his taile close or nye the rumpe and giue him a quart of wine mixt with a pint of good sallet oyle Then driue him apace a mile and halfe Then rake him annointing your handes with oyle or grease Wherein some let him bloud vnder the taile nie the rumpe There is a disease in beastes which some husbandes call the tayle To helpe it yee shall feele softly the softest place vnder his tayle and make a slitte theron two inches long open it and laye thereto saite and garlicke stampe and binde it fast thereto with a cloth and it will helpe it For the collicke in the belly of beastes is soone put away in beholding a goose or ducke on the water swimming Against the laske in beastes ye shall helpe him in giuing him the powder of sloes with cold veriuice or water Against the bloudy flixe The cure some do not vse to let them drinke in thrée daies and thrée nightes and then they giue him the stones of grapes and raisons beat in powder two pound with a quart of sower wine fasting so vse theÌ„ If theÌ„ they mend not they vse to burn their forhead through the skin to the bone and cut their eares wash the wounde with oxe pisse till it be whole The cuts are to be heald with oile and pitch het and plaistered If calues haue a laske take swéet milke and put râ—nnet therein so that the calfe maye well drinke thereof luke warme and it will staye it el 〈…〉 e leaues be ill If a bullocke haue the cough ye shall giue him a pint of harly meale with the yelke of an egge and raisings boilde with a pint of white wine then straine it and giue it fasting to the beast Also take graines in powder and mixe it with flower and fride beanes and meale of tares sturre all together and giue it like a mash to the beast Against an old cough take ii pound of Isope steept in iii. pints of water then brused and mixt with flower and so make him to swallow it and after poure the water that the Isope was steept and sod in into his throat If calues haue the cough ye shal beat centory to powder and so giue it with ale If they haue the agâ—â— ye shal perceiue it by the watering of their eies and heauines in their head which they wil hang down And also driueling at their mouth their vaines beating with a great heat ouer all their bodies The cure Let them fast a day and a night the nexte day be times let them bloud vnder the tayle Then within one houre after to giue to them xxx cole woort leaues and stalkes sod with oile water and salt To heale the kibes ye shall cut them forth as nye as yee can and let them bléede wel Then take verdigrease and the yelke of a new laid egge wel beaten and stampt so bind it to the griefe and it will helpe and heale it Ye shall bath them with stale beere or old sod with iuie leaues and so make it with the combs of hony and dride camemile mixt together If oxe or bullockes feet he néere worne ye shall wash theÌ„ with warme oxe pisse then burne a few small brushes and when the flame is done ye shal let the beast stand and walk on the embers a prety while then annoint his hornes with tar and oile mixt with hogs grease In so doing they wil neuer lightly halt after Yf ye wash their féet and then their pasturns and also rub betwéene their clées with swines grease it will auoyde scabbes and such Also scabbes and such lyke is healed and gotten awaye in rubbing and chasing them with stampt garlicke If any vaine be ent and so bléed lay his own dung thereon or els clap to brused nettels and salt and it will stop A common medicine for all diseases in cattell Take the root of the
of a hole without reculing back If he will by the way passe boldly ouer bridges and riuers Also these are the signes in a good colt hauing also the beautie good disposition of the body as to haue a leane small head blacke eies wide nostrels short eares and straight the chyne of his back large and soft and not long his mayne thick hanging on the right side a large breast and open with strong muscles and sinewes his shoulders large and right with round sides his backe bone euen his belly gant his stones and codde close smal his raines large descending his knées round smal not turning inward his legs right and straight his buttocks round his thighes thicke and strong his taile long with big crumpled haire his hoofes hard and high smooth and round his fore top aboue very smal al his body big hie straight and well in lifting his féet faire to sée in length round according to his body Also to be pleasant and soone chaft sodaine gentle and méeke again for these coltes of such nature do soone obey the man and wil patiently endure labor traueile If a colt when he is folde do not cast his milt husbandmen say he will not liue long but die sodainly in few yeares after and some colt will cast two miltes no horse that liues xii yeares hath any milt within him Also for the taming or breaking of a horse colt when he is of two yeres he may wel be tamed and broken for the vse of the house but for the field or iourney he must be of iii. yeres old and then after iiii hes may be taken to trauell and looke also from time to time how the markes do change in his body The age of a horse is knowne by his hoofes and taile and barres in the ruffe of his mouth but chiefely by his teeth for a horse of two yeres olde and halfe wil cast his two formost téeth aboue and also vnder and when he is iiii yeres the téeth which we call dogges téeth fall and so cometh other and before the sixt yeare the great téeth or chewing téeth aboue do fall and on the saide yeare the first téeth that fell are returned whole againe and on the seuenth yeare all are filde vppe againe without hauing any hollownes in the teeth and from the seuenth a man may not wel know of his age yet about x. yeres his tēples will begin to be hollow crooked and withered therefore some do take vp the skin to hide the same and being old his browes will waxe long and gray haired and his téeth grow long and blacke Also when as your horses are in health and yet waxe leane ye shal fat them soone with dryde wheat or barly but ye must giue this like a mash in wine or ale and by little and little to make them haue continuall appetite mixe therewith the branne of barly vntill ye shall accustome them to eate beanes and pure barly Also ye must ech day chafe his body as ye do to some men in rubbing them vp and downe with a cloth and often so couered and rubbed doth profit them much and also to be lead and rubd with ones hand on the backe is better then to giue them much meat for rubbing doth profit preserue and kéep both strength of body and legs for fault of rubbing many soarnes growes on the legs of horses in traueile and this I will counsell you if one lead his horse in a raynye tyme from his labour into the stable hee muste see that the place bee drye and that their hoofes bee not wette or stande in colde wette places for that both will cause them being hot to founder or to haue an ague If the stable be well planked with oke or if the earth bee often clensed and laid cleane straw thereon for horses oftimes being hot they catch diseases in being wearie and standing on the cold ground specially when they are not strong then sée the more vnto them for when they sweat to giue them meat or drinke doth hurt them but when they are cold ye maye then without danger giue them meat or drinke but after his drinke sturre him a little and he shall do the better and then ye may giue him prouender or other meat and when they haue rested long they chafe them sodainely which is not good and for your wearie beastes ye must let them rest and put of sallet oyle into their throates with a horne or fresh grease with wine and against cold ye must giue them thinges to vomit and frote their heads and ridge bone with wine or strong ale or grease melted and warme rubbed thereon If your horse cannot pisse giue him oyle mixte with wine and chafe him in the flankes and on the raines If that serue not put or giue him garlicke with ale also they say to bruse garlicke and rub his yard is good against let of vrin A péece made of hony and salte put into his yarde or liue flies or a little frankincense or squirt the iuyce of betony into his yarde Or giue him warme water or wash his yarde with warme vinegar All these are good remedies when he cannot stale or when his vrin burneth in the inner part of the bladder or when he hath a hot water Also when a horse hath paine in his head ye may know it by dropping of his vrine and in falling and flagging of his eares His necke and head heauie hanging downward and then ye must let him bloud on the vaine vnder the eie and squirt into his nostrels warme water and that day giue him no meate on the morrow fasting ye shall giue him warme water and then some grasse and litter him well with olde haye or soft straw at night againe giue him warme water and some barly mixt with two pound of fetches and so by little and little let him come to his ordinarie féeding Also against paine of the eie teeth or grinding teeth ye shall fume them with hot vinegar and some do hold it to the téeth with a cloth on a stickes ende and so rub them therewith This is good also when there is any inflamation or swelling in them Also if his shoulder be hurt or that he haue lost bloud then shall ye open the vaine in the middle betwixt his two fore legges and rub his shoulder with the said bloud mixte with the fine powder of frankincense but let not to much bloud for weakening him and lay on the place his owne dung and bind it fast with some thing and yee shall on the next day againe draw some more bloud in the same place and vse it as before and then giue him no barly but a little hay and on the third day vnto the sixt ye shall giue him in the morning vi ounces of the iuice of leekes mixt with a pound of sallet oyle and after the sixt day then walke him a little and lead
doūg his water or pisse or if he make his doung strong with whole corne or if it bee too hard or too soft or haue therein wormes or is of an ill colour or his breath sauour or his pisse to be too thicke or too thin or too redde or too white all these are signes hee is not wel in his body or some surfet and raw digestion or some other grief in his raines blood or stones By these signes also it is well known if he be slow and heauie in labour or duller with the spurre then he was wont or in spreding his litter or of tumbling in the night or a short breath or lowde snufling in his nose in casting his vapours out thereat or immediatly after his prouender to lye downe or in drinking taking long draughts or in the night sodaine downe and sodaine vp or to be hot on his pastornes and betwixte his eares or his eares to hang downe more than they were woont or his eiesight dimmer more hollower in his head or his haire to stand vpright or staring or his flanckes hollow and empty When any of these signes doe appeare the horse is not well and some doe féele his stones if they be hot or cold smel at his nose and thereby to iudge of his griefe and when any is not wel he would be set apart by himselfe til he be whole againe If any blinde vnlearned horsléech doe chaunce to lette bloud in any place where as the signe or moone hath power thereof if it bléede much it shal be good to binde thereon of nettles all to bruised or stamped or new horse doung mixt with chalke and Uinegar and remoue it not for thrée daies or els to take of burnt woollen cloth feathers or silke or to stampe the herbe Peruincle and lay it too or wilde tanzie bruised and laide too All these will doe wel to stench blood in time of néede Also the coame aboue the Smithes forge clappe too and it wil stench of the aboundance of blood there comes manie euils Which is knowne by these signes hée wil often be rubbing his doung wil sauour strong his vrin wil be redde thicke and stinke his eyes bloudy casting a watry humour and eateth more commonly than hee was woont bréeding also pushes knottes and knobs in the skin and body with some inflammatiōs and oft knapping with his teeth which ye shal heale thus If these signes doe appeare let him bloud on the middle vayne in the necke so much as yee shall see cause if he be weake take the lesse a pound and a halfe or two pound They vse to let bloud 4. times a yeere to keepe their horse in health At the Spring in Sommer in Autumne and in Winter But thrise a yeere is thought necessarie which is at midde Aprill for then the blood doeth multiplie And in the beginning of September because the blood is hotte by vnequall vapors and at Christmas because the blood is then growne thicke to make it more thiner And some horse maisters say let not bloud except great need in young horses especial not an olde horse but purge for it doth but weaken his strength But yet herein know alwaies the strength of the young horses or if they haue neede or not as to haue redde eyes hotte vaynes hotte skinne and ytching his haire falling away and loose his backe hotte and il of digestion Al these afore saide are euil be not then negligent to helpe by letting bloud on the necke vaine Then if it swel after ye shal clap to of white vine leaues sodde in water and it shal slack and doe wel The Poll euill is an yll sorenesse to heale if it grow lōg and it is betwixt the eares in the nape of the necke it doe come of euil humours growen to that place and it wil grow by beating the horse about the head which many rusticall and rude Carters doe vse not in regarding nor considering the danger therof for that is the weakest and tenderest part of the head and by such strokes many Cart horses haue that disease specially in Winter Which yee shal soone perceiue by swelling of the place and hanging downe his head in eating his meate with great payne rotting more inwarde than outward and at length wil breake of it selfe which wil then be the more harder to heale but ye shal do wel to ripe it with a plaister of hogges greace layde to as hotte as yee can and keepe his head as warme as yee can shifting the plaister daily til it doe breake if it wil not soone breake yée shal launce it in the softest place or burne it thorow with a hotte yron in beginning a litle vnder and thrust it vpward a good depth thorow the softnesse thereof then keepe it open with tentes dipped in hogges greace and let the matter descende forth and plaister it with the same shifting it once a day which shal be good to kil the heate thereof Use this for foure dayes then take halfe a pound of Turpentine washed cleane in water and then the water dryed off and put there to yelkes of egges with some saffron and mingle it al wel together then search the wound with some whole quil and make a tent of a peece of a spunge that it may reach to the bottom thereof and so bigge as it may fil the wound and thrust it home with the finger and plaister it with warme hogs greace changing it once or twice a day til it be whole If the swelling do cease then vse but the tent only and as it doe heale make your tent lesser and lesser till it be thorows whole A broken wynded horse is hardly healed and soone gottē for his wind is soone broken by hasty running or vehement labour beyng fat or after he is watered or by long standing in the stable without stirring or by eating dusty hay which thing ye shal perceiue by the rising of his nostrils and hys slanks and at his tuel then if he be sore chafed he wil cough and blow thick it wil least appeare when he is at grasse or empty bodyed The remedies ye shal take of cloues and nutmegs 3. drams of galigal cardamomū together 3. drams of soot of bay seeds of cummen more then the other Make al these into fine powder and put it in white wine tempered with a litle saffron Then put to so many yelkes of egs as al the other in quantitye then temper it al together with the sodden water of lycoras and make it so thinne that he may easily drinke it with a horne and tye vp his head for an houre space after that the drinke may descend down into his guts then take and lead him forth softly that it may work the better and not cast it vp againe and let him not drinke of foure twenty houres after The secōd day ye shal giue him fresh grasse to eate branches of willow or suche like that by eating
his féete with branne and hogges grease boylde together and laid to hotte and so with the same couer all his hoofe al ouer and bind it fast on with a cloth in shifting it once a daye till it be whole and giue him warme water and also let him stand warme and drie likewise till he be whole and sound Against the blindnes in horses some horses wil waxe sodainely blind which is gotten diuers waies Hee maye become blinde of a straine or by great labour in carrying a great burthen He may waxe blinde by some stroke in the eye but taken betimes there is remedies The cure If the sight be gone and the ball of the eye sounde yee shall take a quantitie of maye butter with a quantitie of rosemarie and a little yellow rozen with a quantitie of Selandine then stampe all together and frye them with the may butter Then straine it and kéepe it in a close boxe for it is a iewell for the eyes that are sore to haue it alwayes readye And this is good also for all cuttes being neuer so euill and is good for the pinne and the webb in a mans eye Against wéeping eies wash or spurt it with warme white wine twise or thrise a day also seth the white of an egge in water and mixe it with cummin and lay it to all a night or more as ye shall see cause Also ground iuie beaten and mixt with waxe and plaistred to or wormewood sod in wine and bath it oft therewith And when his eye is striken with whip or such like Ye shall open his eye liddes with two nippers of woode made for to hold fast the eye liddes like a paire of barnicles for the horse nose and then to holde them open and with a quill blowe in some beaten salt or sandeuer Yee shall blow in the iuice of the rootes of selandine into his eye or the iuice of the rotes of rue cald of some hearbe grace Also make an hoale in an egge and put forth all that is within it and fill it with pepper and put it in some potte of earth that nothing come vnto it and put it in some potte of earth that nothing come vnto it and put it in a burning ouen till it be white hote Then take it forth and beate that pepper to pouder and blow thereof into the horse eye Another proued Take a peble or pauing stone as the Romanes vsed to paue with and beate it vnto a fine pouder and bolt it thorow a fine cloth and blow of that pouder into the horse eye twise a day till it be whole If ye will make it stronger put the pouder in a new wodden dish and cleanse out all the greatest with your finger and take the finest and that will heale any pin or webbe in horse or man If bloud appeare in the eye ye shall take the white of an egge beate it and lay it to with tow Another The tops of haw thornes boiled in white wine and laide to For a hurt or striken eye ye shall take a small loafe of bread and pull out all the crumme and fill the loafe full of burning coales vntill it be well burnt within Then take of that crust and put it in white wine and put it on the eye Use this often Then take sope water and cold water mixt and wash the eye browes therewith If it go not awaye open the vayne of the head that leades to the. If his eye be rubbed or chaft ye shall let bloud of the eye vaine and wash his eye with colde sope water and put a small splenter on his eye and he will do well And to helpe the red eyes yee shall laye a plaister of red ointment or red lead Or take the iuice of plantaine stampt and mixt with white wine and laid to For sore eies stampe strong nettles and straine that with beere and thereof spurt it into the horse eye twise or thrise together Then put of the powder of sandeuer finelye made into his eye Or blowe thereof into his eye And see that your horse take no wynde or colde of his eye vntill hee bee whole againe If yee must ride him soone after put a cloth afore his eye of woollen It were good to let him bloud on the vayne vnder the eye and then twise dressing will suffice A fistula is an ill sorenes to heale and often times breedeth through gallings and chafing sores which for lacke of looking to betime it groweth to a fistula The cure First search it well with an instrument of lead that maye bowe each waye to the bottome of the wound then finding once the bottome If yee can cutte it out rounde to the bootome with a razor and take it out and feele with your finger if there bee anye fleshe amisse grystle or bone perished If there bee yee must cutte it out Then mixe the powder of verdigrease and honye together and boyle them till that it looke redde and sturre it still for burning to And being luke warme dippe a tent of flaxe therein and tent him therewith and laye a boulster of flaxe thereuppon If that will not abide laye on a plaister of pitch and sowe it fast crosse thereon with a packe threede or other such lyke which yee maye so tye it that yee maye remoue and open it at all times and see that yee chaunge your tent once a daye tyll it leaue mattering and alwaies make your tent lesse and lesse till it bee helde vppe and in the ende sprinkle a little vnslekt lyme thereon to close it vppe But if this will not heale to the bottome to drye vp the matter ye must poure in some stronger water and so vse it twyse a daye till it bee whole Another Take two quartes of white wine vinegar of camphere halfe an ounce of mercurie precipitate halfe an ounce of gréene treacle iii. ounces of red sage a handfull of yarrow and ribwoort of each a handfull of hony halfe a pint of bores grease halfe a pint boile al these together til a quart be wasted and with this ye shal wash and clense the wound Then to heale the same ye shall take oile of roses virgine waxe rozen of each a quantitie of turpentine triuenian v. ounces the gum of iuy of deare suet boile these together and dresse the wound first but with the water vntil it gather to a white matter and then dresse it with your salue til it be whole And for a fistula in the head some do saye Take the iuice of hâ—usléeke and dippe therein a locke of wooll and put it in his eare and binde it fast Use this once a day and ye shall sée experiences Another After ye haue cut out all the rotten flesh bath it well with the groundes of ale made warme and then wipe the bloud cleane awaye Then take butter rozen and frankencense a little and boyle them all together and boyling hotte poure it into the wound vse him
and some what within on the sole but open well his héeles Yée shall make his shoo like the halfe Moone Also it haue béene often séene by negligent and vnskilful Smythes by paring and shooing many horses oftentimes haue taken hurt Also by the vnskilful and negligent kéepers for want of rubbing their legges and stopping their fore féete for the hinder feet are commonly kept moist by meanes of dunglying at their héeles and wette by their pissing thereon Whereas the fore féete stand commonly dry which maketh them to bee hoofe bound and brittle hooued Therefore a good kéeper will sée to stoppe them from time to time with cow doong for that is best And to washe their hooues with colde water and sometimes annoint them with soupling oyles as neates foote oyle and such Or with turpentine and kept to annoint therewith at all times conuenient and this wil make the hoofe tough and strong and kéepe them from being hoofe bound or brittle hooued Thus much haue I briefly touched as concerning the paring shooing of horses with the diuersitie of hoofes He that is desirous to vnderstand further herein let him reade maister Blundefieldes Booke of Horses and there hee shall finde written all thinges more at large but this shall bee sufficient for all husband men Also husbandmen saie the chiefest time for mares to be couered is from the ende of the first quarter vnto the full of moone or at the full for those coltes shal be more stronger and harder of nature Also if a mare haue take the horse and is knit within her if then another horse doe couer her hée burnes her and shee wil dye thereof Also it is not so good for mares to be couered after the chaunge for those coltes commonly wil be neshe and tender and soone take surfets and likewise those mares that are couered after the full Also marke in the wane in what time the mare was couered about the same time of the moone she wil foale Against the scabbe 〈…〉 lling or straine in the legges Take two pounds of Narual two pownds of blacke sope a pownde of boores grease melt and boyle them all wel togither then straine it and so let it coole and when ye haue any néede annoint and chafe your horse legges therewith to make it sinke in the better annoint him first with naruoyle in holding a hote frying panne neare his legge and so chafe it in and then vse the rest So done kéepe his legges cle 〈…〉 from dust wrapt with some linnen cloth To heale the cratches or paines on the legges put a hundreth and twelue blacke snailes in a new canuasse bag with a pinte of baye salt and then hang them against the heate of the fire and set a vessell of pewter vnder Then kéepe that oyle in a glasse Then clense your horse legges dry and chafe them with this oyle and kéepe them cleane after dresse him thus thrée or foure daies and he shal be whole This must be done and made in May. To know where these diseases do grow on Horse bodies BAgges is in the wekes of the horse mouth Barbes are two teates growing vnder the toong Bottes doe bréed in the maw and guttes Blister on his bodie commeth with heate and cold Camery is in his mouth venomed Colt euil is a swelling of the coddes Clouing is in the hoofe of the féete Cordes is a flacke sinow on the fore legges Curbe is a swelling sinow behinde the hough Craches is a rough scuruines aboue the fetter locke Enterféering is striking on the ioynt aboue the pastorne Facion is a scabbe or knobbes breaking in diuers places of his bodie Feuer is a sicknes taken with cold wil make him shake Fistula is a déepe rotten vlcer on his bodie Founding is taken by cold in the bodie and féete also Fraying is a stifnesse taken with cold in his legs and féet Frounce is pimples in the pallet of his mouth Giges or flappes is pimples or teates in the in side of his mouth Glanders are kirnels vnder his iawes and when they be ripe they wil run at the nose and there breake out Gorge is a swelling of blood in the legges Graueling is taken in the féete Haw is a gristle on the corner of his eyes Hide bound is when the skin cleaueth to the flesh and ribs Hoofe bound is in pinching of the hoofe Itch is first in the taile by excesse of blood Lampasse is hie flesh in the mouth nigh the vpper téeth Maunge is taken by some venomed scabbe or byting Malender is a scabbe in the bought of the knées Matelong is pinching of a strait hoofe Mourning of the chine is a wasting from the backe Nauelgaull is a sore on the backe against the nauel Paines is a sorenes aboue the hoofe Pole euil is on the nape of the necke bred by stripes Pinne and webbe is a white that couereth the corner of the eie sight Reume is taken by cold and so his téethe wil wax lose and séeme long by shrinking vp of his gummes and then hée can eate no meate but lye in lumpes in his iawes Ringbone is a hard rough gristle aboue the hoofes Quinsie is a sorenes in the throat Selander is a scabbe in the hammes on the hinder legges Shakel gall is on the pastornes Spauin is on the ioynt in the houghes behinde Splent is a sprainde swelling sinowe aboue the setterlocke Staggars is a disines in the head bredde of colde and yealowes Strangle is a swelling in the throat Surbatting is vnder the soles of his féete Taint is an ouerreaching of the hinderféete on the farther side Uiues is certaine kirnels beneath the horse eares Windgalles are bladders aboue the fetter lock on both sides of all his foure féete Yealowes is a kinde of iaundise and wil cause the eyes to looke yealow and other partes of his bodie also AGainst blindnesse or pearle in the eye or sight lost if the ball be whole of the eye First take a new laide egge and put foorth al within it and then fil it ful of baye salt Then laie it in the fire til it be burnt blacke Then take of so much burnt allume as your thombe then beate both those togither into fine pouder Then melt a spooneful of fresh butter in a sawser and then put a litle of the said pouder therin and with a fether wipe his eye ful thereof and so the other eye in like case and then open the first eye againe and put in a litle more So done take two newe laide egges wel beaten and then take fine flexe and put therein and let it drinke vp all the egges and therewith couer both his eyes Then let him be hoded and kéepe him blindfold in dressing him thus once a day for a wéekes space Then take the first medicine againe and dresse him therewith but once in two daies and kéepe him hoded xiiii or xv wéekes after And this if there be any helpe wil helpe him But
Horse to looke to YOu that vse to kéepe horse must take often their toongs foorth and sée if there be any thing bréeding vnder his toong for a huske of horne or séede of haie which will trouble him and soone bréede to a blaine or other sorenesse vnder the roote of his toong Horse eies often looked vnto YOu that kéepe horse must often looke vnto their eyes for commonly when a horse eie do shine and looke with a fiery eye or fiery colour he hath something that troubles that eye Also let all beware of putting the pouder of burnt salt or the pouder of ginger into the horse eye for those at length wil make him blinde because they burne To kill the maungie on a Horse YE shall take of quick siluer a quantitie and kil it in oile of baies miâ— it so loÌ„g til ye haue 〈…〉 de it like the 〈…〉 e so that yee can see no part of the quicksiluer and therewith yée may annoint the places infected and it wil heale it For the Glaunders TAke a quantitie of Anniséedes and lycoras and ElecaÌ„panie rootes long Pepper garlick all alike with thrée or foure new egges and some butter a quantitie of Aqua-vitae or Malmesey and some good stale ale mixe all make it warme and so giue it then walke him and kéepe him warme For the Scraches TAke stale of men and warme it and washe therewith downe to the hoofe then take a quantitie of mustarde of strong Uinegar gray soape of barrowes greace and some quicksiluer mixe all together and therewith annoynt For the Bottes or Wormes TAke of blacke sope a quantitie and make in thrée balles and mixe with it a quantitie of salt and wormeséede beaten and then open the horse mouth take forth his tongue and put those balles one after another into his throat and make him to swallowe them then giue him after them a pinte of stale ale warme then walke him a while after and he shal do wel or giue him of a tanners fatte To heale a sore and a galde backe and also to heale the dead flesh TAke a handful of Bay salt a handfull of great and small Oatmeale and put a quantitie of stale thereto and stirre them altogether and temper it like pappe or paste and then make round balles thereof then throw in a hot cole of fire and make them redde hot and then coole them and beate them to a fine powder and then straw of that powder all ouer thereon so oft as ye shall sée it bare or shall haue anie other cause and this will heale it For the yealowes YE shall open his mouth and and cut with the point of a knife the third barbe in the roofe of his mouth and let him bléede wel then take a halfpeniworth of English saffroÌ„ a peniworth of Turmerick a new laide egge with yâ— shels and al smal brokeÌ„ and mixe it in a quart of stale ale or béere and so giue it to the horse Then chafe him a while after and set him vp warme and he shal do wel againe Another waie TAke a little of Fenegreke a quantitie of Turmericke a penieworth of English saffron two penieworth of long Pepper a quantitie of bay leaues dried of Annisédes and graines of eche a quantitie then beate all vnto fine powder then mixe it with stale ale and so giue it vnto the horse fasting Walke him a little and set him vp For the Cough TAke a gallon of faire water and make it readie to séeth then put thereto a pecke of ground malt with two handfull of boxe leaues stript and chopt smal with some groundsell then doe mixe them altogether and let him drink thereof Euening and morning So vse this as yée shall sée cause or to mixe your boxe leaues with â—ates and bittony is likewise verie good and after to be kept warme To kill woormes TAke the croppes of young broome and of Sauin and Groundsell of eche a quantitie then choppe them small and giue it with his Prouender euening and morning and let him not drinke for a good space after and hée shal do wel againe To kill the Farcie or Fashion TAke a sharp knife and cut the buâ—ches ouer and take the powder of white Arsenicke and strawe thereon and vse it on eache place where yee shal see anie of the bunches to rise with letting blood by it wil kill them at length For Quartes or chinkes in the hoofe TAke halfe a pounde of Frankincense a pound of Rosen a pound of pitch greeke halfe a pounde of blacke pitche a pound of new waxe a pound of goates greace halfe a pound of varnishe halfe a pound of Turpentine two ounces of oile oliue and melt them together and laie it to the hoofe playsterwise and this will helpe it but let him not goe into any water or wet for thrée or foure daies For the morefounding or glanders TAke lunature scorii of baccarum laurii of Aristolochia rotunda of Gencium of nux muscata of eche two ounces then beate them altogether into a powder and then put them into a pint of white wine and giue it warme to the horse and he shal amend To helpe wind galles TAke Arsenicke of Solymon of Rezalgar which are corsiues of eche a like quantitie then beate them together into a smal powder and mixe that powder with oyle of bayes and sheare the haire off from the windgal as broad as it is laie of your stuffe thereon so let it lie foure tweÌ„ty houres Then after doe annoynt them with boates greace and that will heale it For a galde backe TAke the white of an egge and salt with some oatemeale beate altogether and make it of a lumpe and cost it into the fire and make it red hot and coole it againe and beate it it wil be a blacke powder and straw of that powder thereon and it wil heale it If he be galde and festred on the side take but yeast hony the white of an egge and soote blend them altogether make a plaister thereof and laie it too to eate away the dead flesh then straw lightly thereon a little verdegreace and so ye maie remoue it once a day A very good way to destroy the Viues IF the Uiues be ranke in a horse ye shall bowe his eares forwarde and grype him with your fingers vnder his iawes ye shal féele as it were a hard roule of fleshe like a gristle If that come vp or nigh to the root of his eares theÌ„ it is perilous as afore is shewed The cure Ye shal cut a small hole with the poynt of a knife on the ende next his eare or in the myds thereof open a hole and picke out thrée or foure kyrnels thereof Then put of bay salt or other into the hole and so they will consume and weare awaye this waie of doyng there wil be no scarre to be seene in that place To helpe a horse somewhat foundred PLucke of his shoes and
pare hollow his féete nigh to the quick then race him with a crooked launcet from the heels to the toe in 2. or 3 places raise the hoofe on both sides of your races let him bleed wel then clap two or three harde egges as hotte as yee can and as these doe coole take new and lay hot horse doung thereon and about his hoofe and so he shal soone recouer and be well againe as before To know the age of a horse YE must féele of his bridle téeth aboue at a yéere olde he wil shout forth a tooth at two yéeres two teeth at three yeeres foure teeth at fiue yeeres fiue teeth aboue A mare that hath bridle teeth aboue shee will bring few coltes or none and when his vaine tooth is with an edge towarde the fore téeth he is eight yéeres A drinke to comfort a horse YE shal boile in ale great raisons the stones taken forth of licoras and Anniséeds in like quantitie of cummin and sallet oyle straine it and giue it with a horne or take also of turmericke fenegreke Anniseeds lycoras and sallet oyle let your powders be searst very fine mixe them all milke warme and so giue it with a horne To heale an impostumed wounde TAke and hollow two or thrée great enyons and put therin a cursie of bay salt and a litle hole saffron and so rost them vnder the embars and plaister wise laie them al hoate on the wounds If ye would haue the skin of make a playster of Cow doung sodde in milke and clappe it too for 24. houres which wil take away the skinne putrified But the other will heale al wonndes alone by it selfe The Horse tongue hurt with the bridle YE shall boyle in water of woodbind leaues of black brier leaues of primrose leaues knotgrasse with some hony sod then put to a litle allum once or twice a daye to make it luke warme and wash his tongue therewith with a clowte tied on a stickes ende and this will soone heale it againe For a Horse that doth tire on the way TAke slyse a péece of freshe béefe and lap it about his bit and fasten it with a threed and then bridle him ride him and he will not lightly tyre To helpe a horses mouth venoumed called of some the Camery THe Camery is a disease in the tongue and lips of a horse which hath eaten some venomed grasse or haie that dogs or cattes haue pissed on which wil make his tongue to haue like cliftes and scabbes and his vpper lippe vnder to be full of blacke whealkes or pimples which will let him to eate hardly anie meate The cure is ye shall take out his tongue and pricke the vaines vnder the end in sixe or eight places so vnder his vpper lip and let him bléed wel then al to rub it with salt then the next day wash it with some Uinegar and rubbe it againe with salt and he shal do wel againe and giue him warme drinke a day or two after Duoth Sharpe To helpe the bagges in the mouth of a horse THe bagges or geakes is an easie sorenesse to heale which is hard gristles being on the insides of a horses mouth in the weakes of his lippes or mouth which will often goe betweene his téeth and trouble him that he cannot eate nor chew wel his meate The remedy Yee shal take foorth his tongue and put a rowling pin of wood vnder so hold it out on the contrary side then shal ye with the point of the sheares clip an ynch long of that inner gristle cleane away theÌ„ turne his tongue and doe the other side of his mouth likewise and then rub them wel with salt and let him goe and they will shrinke awaie and the horse shal do well againe A proued medicine to kil mangie on a horse TAke a pound of blacke sope a pottle of mustard foure peniworth of brimstone made in fine powder thrée penieworth of quicksiluer wel killed with fresh greace two peniworth of verdegreaceÌ„ a quarter or lesse of a pint of greace stirre all these together in a vessel till the greace and other thinges be molten with labour and without fire and therewith annoint the mangie sore but first let him blood then after two daies washe it with the water that young broom or At semanacke herbe hath béene well sodde in and smally chopt and mixt with a little powder of soote and lette those séeth wel together and this wil help him with once annointing and twise washing To ripe an impostume in anie outward part SEeth mallow rootes and lillie rootes in water bruise theÌ„ and mixe them with porkes greace and put to of linséede meale and plaister wife laie it to against the impostume of a cold cause seeth white mints in wine and oile or ale and butter so laie it too This wil destroy and wast a hard impostume Also for a cold impostume stampe cuckospit with old greace and so plaister it on this wil waste it also Againe against a hotte impostume stampe liuerwort and mixe it with the grounds of ale it wil help or bruised with mallowes at the beginning mixt with hogs greace and all hot laide to will ripe an impostume or the grouÌ„ds of ale or béere boiled with mallowes bath it therwith hot and plaisterwise laie it on the swelled place and it wil disperse and waste it awaie in 2. or 3. daies Also bawme stamped and mixt with hogges greace so plaistred wil ripe disperse anie cold impostumatioÌ„ Against a hot rising or swelling bruise of lettise seed or Popie séede and mixe it with oile of ree roses so plaister it on which wil helpe if it be taken betimes Thus much for swollen places and impostumes For a horse that is pricked in a ioynt among sinewes TAke of rosen pitch turpentine and Sanguis draconis then melt these together and clap it somwhat warme on the place or ioynt then take of floxe and put vpon it for that will cleane too and defend it and this wil rype it and cause it to runne if any thing wil d ee it for there is not founde a better waie to helpe a swolne ioynt Against stiffenesse of sinewes and ioyntes SEeth blacke sope a pound in a quart of strong ale till it waxe thicke like tarre then reserue it and when ye shall sée cause vse to annoint the sinewes ioynts therwith and it wil supple them and bring them againe although they be shrunke This is as wel for man as for beast For a horse that hath a canker in his mouth or throate A Horse that hath a canker or is venomed in his throate and mouth he cannot swallow his meate but it wil lie in his iawes on both â—es his mouth and oft when hee haue chewed haie he wil put it out againe and his breath wil sauor very strongly before meat and hauing this griefe he wil neuer prosper but pyne away
at length The cure Ye shall cast him and open his mouth with a pin of wood then take a crooked kiffe yron wrapped with tow on the end therewith rake out al the stinking grasse or other meate that lieth in his iawes and vnder the roote of his tongue So clensed cleane all about ye shall heat strong wine vinegar somwhat warme and wrappe your yrons ende with towe and dip it in the vinegar then al to chafe his iawes on both sides a good while and also the rootes of his tongue when ye haue so chaft him well wash his tongue therewith and so let him rise because his mouth will be sore for a wéeke after ye must giue him mashes and graines hotte or such soft meat but no hay and he will do wel againe god willing Foundring of a straite shooe IF ye let fore shooes remaine aboue a moneth if yee so iourny him ye may founder him which ye shall perceiue in tauell by the way for he will often trippe on those féete or that foote which is most griefe vnto him therefore remoue them betimes or els he will founder and halt downe right then the shooe must be remoued and let bloud in the tooe and some do stop it with brused sage so set on the shooe againe and let him so rest for iii. or iiii daies or ye can ride him thē may ye ride him softly and he wil do wyll A prouerbe among husbandmen for the breede of a colt IF thou haue a fole with iiii white féet kéepe him not a day If he haue three white féete put him soone away If he haue two white féet lend him to thy frend If he haue one white foot kéepe him to his liues end To make a horse to scoure GIue him one ounce of the pouder of brimstone finely beaten in a mash with some pouder of spurge Against wormes in the coddes SOme horse will haue wormes in their coddes and when they doe abound if he be not remedied hee will dye of them And these are the signes he will scratch his belly with his feete and his haire will stare there and waxe more grayer then before If ye helpe him not before they pearce his bellye and guts hee shall hardly escape They are bred by euill meate and fault of drinking good water The cure Ye shall cast into his mouth fasting the guts of a young pullet and make him to swallow it downe in holding vppe his head do this three mornings and let him not eate nor drinke of v. houres after verye little Also some do vse to bruse french broome and giue it among good prouender and salte water to drinke Others do also giue the horse of greene braunches of willow or Sallow or reedes and in digestion of his meat he shall cast out those wormes To helpe sinewes troubled with humoures BOyle the meale of lineséed and hony in like portion together with some white wine and make thicke as a plaister and so put it on and ye shall sée it come to good proofe Against shot impoysoned WHen a horse is hurt by some poysoned yron or shot take the sweat of an other horse with tosted or burnt bread mixe them together with mens vrine and make the horse to swallow it downe and put grease of a hog into the wounde with the like mixture and he shall mend Falling of haire in a horse taile THe falling of haire commonlye is when he hath to much bloud or when he traueleth to much on the waye or is beaten on the tayle whereof comes sometimes scabbes with shedding his haire The cure If this happe in the tayle ye shall race the out part vnto the middest of the fourth bone or ioynte of the tayle and take forth that bone called of some bariuole which ye shall take out cleane and betwixt the senture and the body bee coctures or stringes some what deepe which ye shall softly touch with a hotte yron and a little salte and in each fent yee shall gently put a broach of wood which must remaiue ix daies if they fall not awaye of themselues The canker in the tayle of a horse THere comes a disease in the tayle of a horse called in french Langie and will eate the flesh of his tayle in manner of a canker so that the haire will fall awaye for the bones are corrupt If yet see not vnto it betimes all the tayle will corrupt The cure Make a head boulster of cloth verye strong for it and wette it in vinegar within and without and so binde it fast on the sore and alwaye when it waxeth drye yee must wette it agayne Do this twise or thrise a day if it be done oftener it is the better So shall yee continue for thrée or foure dayes and then yee must heale it as yee heale a greene wound For a horse euill disposed and very heauie in trauaile YE shall cutte the skinne betweene the fore legges and then make a ring of a vine branch and put it into the cut place betwixt the skinne and the flesh like a rowell and then hee shall trauell surely againe For a horse that is to fat to make him leane TO make your horse leane that is verie fatte yee shall giue him branne mixt with honye and warme water and so it shall abate his fatnes without trauell To know the differences betwne a horse bewitched and other sorenesse YE shall marke this in a horse as in other cattell that when they be sicke or diseased naturally the griefe will often times alter againe by litle and litle and so to mend Or els it will increase by leasure and not to come so vehemently as when he is bewitched For the farcie in a horse will rise in knobs and bunches and will so continue a long time or they breake out And yet the horse so infected will eate dayly his meate But if he be bewitched he will eate no meate because he is so inflamed with such poyson in his body so that within xii houres manie die or like to die Some are striken with knobbes and bunches rising in their bodies with lamenes of linunes Some with running at their nostrels matter and flegme Some their eiesswelling and hanging out of their head with flegme and matter roping and running Some sodainely falle and so die Some run about in fieldes as they were mad and drowne themselues in pits and ponds of water with diuers other infinite waies they vse in bewitching mens cattell which here I will passe ouer But when ye shall doubt of any such thing the best is to séeke remedy betimes or the poyson go through his body For if it tarry any space it will be past remedy Sinewes and nerfes broken or brused IF Sinewes or nerfes be broken or brused or hurt by some sore or otherwise ye shall lay thereon the flesh of a tortue well mixt and beaten with the powder of mullen hearbe But if the nerfes and sinewes be brused and hurt
which hath bene howsed in winter will soone take this griefs as the red sorell assoone as any other The remedy Ye shall let him bloud on the vaine vnder the taile nye the rumpe and then rub his gums with sage tide on a stickes end Also ye shall giue him for a while the tender crops of blacke bryers with his prouender and so he shal do well againe For wormes in the maw IF wormes be in the maw of a horse Take great wormes and clense them and shels of egges beat these both togesmall with a hammer and put to a quauite and pepper and so mixe them all together and being warme put it downe the horse throat For proude flesh in a wound FIrst ye shall wash the wound with wine wherein is sob nettle séede Then straw thereon a little of the â—ine powder of verdigrease and this will take it away Use this as ye sée cause To make a horse to scoure or laxatiue YE shal giue him among his prouender one ounce of brimstone beaten to small powder and this will maks him to scoure Also some giue a rye shefe some make a drinke with polypodium and spurge sod in ale and the roots of the water flagge stampt and boile them in ale and straine it and milke warme giue it a pint thereof to each horse fasting and kéep him warme after Another way to heale the mange in a horse LEt him bloud on both sides the necke if hee bee a young horse Then cut the skin downe the mids of his forehead two fingers broad or long downe right then open the skinne an inch wide on both sides the cut and put therein thinne slices of the gréene root of Ellecampane or Angelica which is better So let them remaine vnder the skin till the matter rot then crush it forth in two or three daies and in xii daies the rootes will fall as it healeth and this will helpe but yee must annoint the mange with brimstone in fine powder with verdigrease oile oliue het and mixt all together A perfect and proued way to heale the farcy or fashion in a horse TAke iii. ounces of quicksiluer halfe a pound of hogs grease of verdigrease an ounce ye shall first kill your quicksiluer in a bladder with a spone full or two of the iuice of an orringe or a limon in rubbing and chafing them in the bladder till the quicksiluer be cleane kild Then put your hogs grease in a morter or dish with your verdigrease so beat them well together Then put to your quicksiluer and beat theÌ„ al well together and so kéep it and when your horse hath theÌ„ fashion or farcy in rising on the vaines like knobs and bunches then annoint them round and all ouer those knots or bunches Use this once a day or as ye shall sée cause for they wil go no further but grow to a matter and when ye shall feele them soft launce them and the matter will run out and so daie by and heale againe Also in the nointing him ye shall put into each of his eares one good sponefull of the iuice of ragwart some call it slylote a weede growing in field and this will helpe him in few daies Against the swelling vnder a horse iawes FOr the swelling vnder or betwéene the horse iawes take his owne dung hot as soone as he makes it and with a cloth bind it fast thereto Use this twise a day and it will be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 husband â—mixe there with hot boyling pisse of men and so â—ay it to and it helpes To heale a horse hurt with harrowtines or such like on the legs or other partes YE shall first wash the woundes with mans brin and sall then take the soft down of the stalkes of hearbe benedictus cald the holy thistle and therewith fill the woundes or holes and so let them remaine and ye shall néede no other medicine For that will heale it alone onely without changing Well proued To make a horse stale MIxe wine and oyle together and rub and chafe it on his loynes or put a louse into his yard or put sope in his yard if these helpe not squirt of honied water sod then cold into his yard with some salt Another present remedy If a maid strike him on the face with her girdle he shal stale If your saddle do chafe your horse Take an hearbe calde arsemart in latin Parcicaria stamp it and lay it to which is a present remedy Teeth changing or falling A Horse hath forty teeth in the xxx moneth after his foling he looseth two aboue and two beneath Againe in the fourth yere he looseth iiii téeth two aboue and two beneath on the fift yeare he casteth the rest both aboue and beneath those that come first be hollow teeth aboue At vi yeares his hollow téeth are filde vp and in the vii yeare all the rest are fild vp Of this age ye can no longer iudge by his teeth But if ye plucke vp the skinne of his iawes or cheekes if they fall soone smoth againe is a signe he is young But if they fall wrincled he is old And like of other beastes The horse groweth not after vi or vii yeares the mare groweth not after v. yeares And to haue them bring faire colts let them not be horst but euery other yeare FINIS The Table of all the principal thinges contained in this Booke for horses A AGe of a horse to know Asses how for to nourish Age of a horse to know B BAbbes or Gekes to helpe 182 Backe gald to heale 177. 163 Barbs in the horse mouth to helpe 154 Blisters on his body to helpe 110 Blindnes in a horse to helpe 145. 165 Blood how to stanch 128 Blood a disease how to helpe 191 Blood how to let Blood letting to know where 128 Bors or wormes how to helpe 133 Bots another way 177 Breeding of coltes Brittle hoofes how to helpe 153 Brittle hoofed horse to pare 158 Broken winded horse to helpe 130 Brode hoofes how to pare C CAnker in the mouth throat 184. 189 Camery to helpe 166. 182 Canker in the taile 187 Cart horse how to vse in trauell Cart how to prepare in trauell 120 Casting of horse or other Chafings on a horse to help 107. Chafing sores to helpe 111 Clefts or crackes in the hoofe 179 Chaffe for horse to giue 167 Chafed or weary horse to helpe Cloying a horse to heale 144 Coltes with their good signes 106 Cold taken in a horse Coler abouÌ„ding in a horse to help Colts to change to other dammes Colt euil for to helpe 142 Cods inflamed 155 Colts pained in the gums or teeth 154 Couering mares in what time best 161. 104 Cordes a disease to helpe Cough to helpe 110 Cough another way 178 Couering young mares and howe best 116 Cratches to heale Crooked hoofes how best to pare Curbes a disease to helpe 137 Colours of good horses to knowe D DIseases where they breed on all horse Drinke or meat
the other in Autumne after Michaelmas The order how they doe geld one way is thus They make two crosse slits or incisions on the middest of the stones vpon each stone one and then put them forth and so annoint them with tarre There is an other maner of gelding which is more gentle and more faire but somewhat more dangerous if it bee not well done Neuerthelesse I wil therin shew somewhat and not so leaue it which is to slit on stone on the toppe and after ye haue drawne foorth that ye shall put in your fingers at the same slit and with your launcet slit the skin betwéene the two stones and by that slit ye shall crush forth the other stone and so draw him foorth gently as the other aforesaid and and then to clense out the blood and so anoint him with fresh grease And thus ye shal make but one incision or slit on the codde But this way is best for other cattel For of all sorts of catel a boare may best be gelded being olde Also against certaine sicknesse they giue some remedies as hereafter shall follow The signes to know best when that your hogges haue the feuer is this When they hang downe their heads or heare it aside or when they in féeding and pastoring do sodeinly runne and sodeinly rest againe and so fall on the ground as they were astonied and giddie Ye must therfore marke which side hee holdeth vp or hangeth his head so that yee let him blood on the eare on the other side and ye shall also open the greatest vaine vnder his taile two fingers from his rumpe or buttockes But first yee must chafe and beate it with some wande or twigge that it may bléede the better Then if the infusion after yee haue drawne blood doe beginne to swell yee shall close it togither in binding about the taile the barke of a willow or of elme And after this yee shall kéepe him in the house the space of a daie or two and yee shall giue him as much warme water as hee will drinks mixt with a pounde of barley meale And also for those hogs which haue impostumes or curnels vnder their throates They ought to be let blood vnder the toong and when ye haue drawne blood sufficient yee must rubbe and chafe all his throat and groine with salt and pure wheate meale beaten togither Some doe say there is not a better medicine then to make them to take with a horne sixe ounces of garum which yee shall lightly haue at the Apothicaries Then with a small flaxen corde binde thereunto with ferules of wood and let them so hang about his necke as they may touch the impostume and curnels and they shal do wel againe Also when as your hogs doe cast or vomit is a signe their stomacke is not wel Therefore yee shal giue them gratings or shauings of iuory with a litle of dride beaten salt And ye shal beate their beanes small and put them into the trough with their other meate before they goe to the field and they wil then remaine the more in quiet there Also there comes sometimes a sicknes amongst these beastes so that many wil be sicke togither insomuch ye shal sée them waxe leane therewith and they wil not then scantly eate any thing at all and if ye driue them to the pasture or field they wil réele and fall downe by the way And if it take them in sommer they wil lie and sléepe in the sunne all day and it taketh them as they had litargie which is a sléepie and forgetful sicknes if this disease then happen they shut vp all their hogs togither in one house and lets them there remaine a day and a night without any meate or drinke On the next day after to those that wil drinke they giue them water in the which is stampt the rootes of wilde cucumbers And so many as haue drunke thereof they will begin to vomit and by so vomiting they are purged cleane thereof and when they haue cast and cleansed all the choler and filth within their stomake then yee may giue vnto them pease fetches or beanes mixt with salt water or to cast of bay salt amongst it and then they make them to drinke luke warme water And as it is very euil and pernicious for all beastes in sommer to bee dry so is it most chiefly in hogs Yet I would not haue yee should giue your hogs water twise a day as yee doe other cattel as goates shéepe and others but if ye can in the canicular daies let them féede nigh some riuer pondes or low marshes For their heat is then so great they cannot suffice them to drinke water onely but they must also turne and tosse therein specially in myery and durtie water the which doeth greatly refresh and coole them specially those which haue fatte and great bellies And herein nature doth shewe them what is good for them But if the situation of the place wil not suffer and permit ye must then giue them largely drinke from the wel or in such a like place or els to put plentie of water into their troughes For if they haue not then all sufficient thereof to drinke they wil haue the disease of the lightes which is to be pursy and ptisicke But this disease is easily remedied by putting in their eares the iuice of pomeile so calde in French In Latin Consiligo the which I take to bee the hearbe calde light woort or comphere Likewise your hogges oftentimes wil haue the paine of the milt which doth oft trouble them and then they wil go aside and crooked with their bodies which commeth by a great drought as some do iudge but most by fruit for when fruites doe fall from the trées and lieth on the ground vntaken vp These beastes are so vnsaciable in following the swéetnes thereof that thereby they engender this disease in the splene The which ye shal remedie it by making them troughes to féed out of of the wood in Latin calde Tamarix which as I thinke is calde in English quickbeme wood And ye shal therein vse to giue them their meate and drinke and that wood wil remedie it For out of that wood wil come a water or moisture which wil heale the inflamation of that disease Sometimes there comes inflamations in the milt so that it bréeds a pestilence among hogs which comes by vnwholesome times And also the rather by their filthy bodies féeding or els by some infection through euil nourishment Therfore it wil be good sometime to kéep them fasting all a night in some dark place to cōsume the superfluous humors in them which they do encrease by their rauening gréedines Which I wil not here leaue but to speake somewhat thereof hereafter Now as touching the vnnatural kind of some of the sows there be in some kinds of thē which are so rauining they wil not passe to deuour their
own pigs which commeth clean against the nature of most cattel those are not to be suffred to liue for they be alwaies dangerous to kéepe Sowes may endure least hunger and some of them although they haue sufficient meate yet they will deuoure their yoong pigs not onely their owne but likewise others Therefore some doth thinke it not good to nourish any hog or sowe with the garbedge and inwardes of beastes as they doe in many places féede them with guttes and inwardes of beastes as in butchers houses and such like Nor yet a man should not make any estimation of that hog or sow that is desirous to féede on carion or flesh For the vsuall custome thereof will make them mankinde and by eating of dead carion and other flesh will at length make them fall to catching quicke cattell and from thence to fall vnto liuely creatures as I haue heard of credible persons say that sowes haue taken yoong children without the doores as in barnes being left alone Some out of their cradelles béeing no bodie in the house Therefore let euerie husbandman beware of the kéeping of any such rauening kinde of beast For they are verie tender of nose and will smell farre off A hog is verie hurtfull after two or thrée yeares olde therefore kill him and if they fall once to eating flesh which is dead they will soone fall to other aliue that whatsoeuer they doe once laie holde off be it capon chikin ducke lambe or pigge yee shall rather kill them or ye make them to leaue or to let it goe And this shal bee sufficient in this place for such rauening cattell A way how to féed a hog fatte in short time is ye shal take him vp and put him in the stye and giue him neither meate nor drinke the space of thrée daies and thrée nightes and then giue him continually and let it be chaunged once or twise a wéeke And hee shal be so gréedie after his great hunger that he wil alwaies be hungry in eating so that he wil be fat in short time A prooued way to helpe your measeld hog or boare is ye shal put him vp in the stie and kéep him there thrée daies and thrée nights without meat or water or any other thing Then take flue or sixe apples and in the toppes make a hole and picke out the cores and fill each apple in those holes with the pouder of brimstone verie finely beaten and stop the said holes with péeces of apples and cast them vnto the measeld hog first one or two and so the rest and béeing so hungry he wil eate them all then let him so remaine two or thrée houres after and then giue him a litle meate and no more til the next morning and the next morning serue him so againe and giue him fiue or six apples as before mentioned Thus vse your hogge the space of fiue or sixe daies and ye shall sée him waxe as cleane as euer hee was before Also they doe vse for the same to take the lées of sope mixt with some strong lée of a bucke and giues of that and vse him as the other aforesaide and giue him no meate of an houre or two after And this as some doe say is counted verie good to helpe the foresaid disease How to kéepe and saue your hogs from being measeld is this ye shal vse in the sommer specially in the time of the canicular daies or daies of heate which is from the midst of Iuly to the midst of August And in these times to giue them chopt amongst their wash or other meate of colde hearbes as of lettis endiue succory violet leaues of daundelion or sowthistle fumitory and such like which are all colde helpes and wil kéepe them coole or to chop amongst their meate the leaues of dwale which is verie cold in operation Therefore vse thereof the lesse portion amongst their meat All these hearbes aforesaid are verie good to kéep them coole For the cause of measelly in a hogge commeth through the great and vehement heate of his blood or lying in horse dung fleam togither mixt with his blood through heate is dride in his bodie and so lieth in the outward parts of his bodie in curnels And first they will appeare in the liuer through the heate of his stomacke at the rootes of his toong and in his throat that when he doe cry he wil rattle in his voice and crie hoarse By this yee shal first perceiue his infection and if ye doe take forth his toong ye shal perceiue the curnels there vnder and by this order ye may perceiue any measeld hog Also some do say if you put mustard amongst your washings and giue that vnto your hogges it will to vse much thereof cause them to bee measeld at length or such like which doeth much heate their blood Also to kéepe them from being measeld ye may vse to put amongst their wash of mens vrine and mixe with their wash also of red oker called red earth beaten small to pouder This wil likewise kéepe them from beeing measeld Sope water and fish water is ill Whensoeuer ye doe entend to fat any hog to giue him drye meate is counted chiefest and giue him to drinke béere or ale and water and yee must not let him goe foorth of the stye not so much as to sée forth thereof but to open the stye dore and to make it cleane for a hog when he may see forth hee wil haue so much desire to goe abroad that hee will haue no care to féede There is not so much care to be had in them as in other cattell yet to kéepe them cleane they loue to haue it And so to be fed and not remooued or changed into any other place or by any other meanes troubled yet sometimes they are in the stye a little troubled with myce in running on their backes and so disquiets them in the stye which ye may soone helpe by setting of trappes to take them alwaies as they come Thus ye may féede them to bee a foote and a halfe thicke of fatte in small time If your hogs haue eaten any euill hearbe as of henbane or hemblocks To remedie the same yee shall giue them to drinke the iuyce of cucumbers made warme the which being drunke wil cause them to vomit and thereby they wil cleanse their stomackes and so recouer health againe Some doe vse to giue them aquauitie and puts thereof into his nosthrils or in one of his eares or to giue him water and hony mixt togither with a good quantitie and that wil cause him also to vomitte For if it can make them vomit they will soone recouer againe For by eating either of henbaâ—e or hemblocke they are so cold in operation they wil cause the hog to lye as though hee were dead for a time for they are verie nigh vnto a cold venome And the camelion thistle wil kil