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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
day_n	degree_n	minute_n	pole_n	4,710	5	12.3043	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A46301	An account of two voyages to New-England wherein you have the setting out of a ship, with the charges, the prices of all necessaries for furnishing a planter and his family at his first coming, a description of the countrey, natives, and creatures, with their merchantil and physical use, the government of the countrey as it is now possessed by the English, &c., a large chronological table of the most remarkable passages, from the first dicovering of the continent of America, to the year 1673 / by John Josselyn, Gent.	Josselyn, John, fl. 1630-1675.	1674 (1674)	Wing J1091; ESTC R20234	110,699	292

9 leagues off our course W. S. W. the Start bore North distant about 6 leagues from whence our reckonings began the wind now E. N. E. a fair gale The second day the Lizard bore N. N. W. in the latitude 51.300 leagues from Cape-Cod in New England our course W. and by S. One of our passengers now dyed of a Consumption The Fifth day we steered S. W. observed and found the ship in latitude 47 degrees and 44 minutes The Tenth day observed and found the ship in la●i●ude 49 degrees and 24 minutes The Five and twentieth day about 3 of the clock in t●e morning we discovered land about 6 of the clock Flowers so called from abundance of flowers and Corvo from a multitude of Crowes two of the Azor●● or western Islands in the Atlantique Ocea● not above 250 leagues form Lisbon bo●● N. W. of us some 3 leagues off we steere● away W. by W. observed and found Flowe●● to be in the Southern part in latitude 39 degrees 13 minuts we descryed a Village and a small Church or Chappel seated in a pleasant valley to the Easter-side of the Island the whole Island is rockie and mountanious about 8 miles in compass stored with Corn Wine and Goats and inhabited by out-law'd Portingals the Town they call Santa Cruz. Corvo is not far from this I supposed two or three leagues a meer mountain and very high and steep on all sides cloathed with tall wood on the very top uninhabited but the Flowreans here keep some number of Goats The Seven and twentieth day 30 leagues to the westward of these Islands we met with a small Vessel stoln from Jamaico but 10 men in her and those of several nations English French Scotch Dutch almost samish'd having been out as they told us by reason of calms three moneths bound for Holland July the sixth calm now for two or three dayes our men went out to swim some hoisted the Shallop out and took divers Turtles there being an infinite number of them all over the Sea as far as we could ken and a man may ken at Sea in a clear Air 20 miles they floated upon the top of the water being a sleep and driving gently upon them with the Shallop of a sudden they took hold of their hinder legs and lifted them into the boat if they be not very nimble they awake and presently dive under water when they were brought aboard they sob'd and wept exceedingly continuing to do so till the next day that we killed them by chopping off their heads and having taken off their shells that on their back being fairest is called a Gally patch we opened the body and took out three hearts in one case and which was more strange we perceived motion in the hearts ten hours after they were taken out I have observed in England in my youthful dayes the like in the heart of a Pike and the heart of a Frog which will leap and skip as nimbly as the Frog used to do when it was alive from whom it was taken Likewise the heart of a Pig will stir after it is exenterated Being at a friends house in Cambridg-shire the Cook maid making ready to slaughter a Pig she put the hinder parts between her legs as the usual manner is and taking the snout in her lest hand with a long knife she stu●k the Pig and cut the 〈…〉 of the heart almost in two letting 〈…〉 as any bloud came forth 〈…〉 ●●●ing of it into a Kettle of boy●● 〈…〉 the Pig swom twice round a●●● the k●ttle when taking of it out to the dresser she rubd it with powdered Rozen and stript off the hair and as she was cutting off the hinder pettito the Pig lifts up his head with open mouth as if it would have bitten well the belly was cut up and the entrails drawn out and the heart laid upon the board which notwithstanding the wound it received had motion in it above four hours after there were several of the Family by with my self and we could not otherwayes conclude but that the Pig was bewitched but this by the way Of the Sea Turtles there be five sorts first the Trunck-turtle which is biggest Secondly the Loggerhead-turtle Thirdly the Hawkbill-turtle which with its bill will bite horribly Fourthly the Green-turtle which is best for food it is affirmed that the feeding upon this Turtle for a twelve moneth forbearing all other kind of food will cure absolutely Consumptions and the great pox They are a very delicate food and their Eggs are very wholesome and restorative it is an Amphibious Creature going ashore the male throws the female on her back when he couples with her which is termed cooting their Eggs grown to perfection the female goes ashore again and making a hole in the Sand there layes her Eggs which are numerous I have seen a peck of Eggs taken out of one Turtle when they have laid they cover the hole again with sand and return to the Sea never looking after her Eggs which hatching in the sand and coming to some strength break out and repair to the Sea Having fill'd our bellies with Turtles and Boni●o's called Spanish Dolphins excellently well cooked both of them the wind blowing fair The Eighth day we spread our sails and went on our voyage after a while we met with abundance of Sea-weeds called Gulfweed coming out of the Bay of Mexico and firr-trees floating on the Sea observed and found the Ship to be in 39 degrees and 49 minuts The Fifteenth day we took a young Sharke about three foot long which being drest and dished by a young Merchant a passenger happened to be very good fish having very white flesh in flakes like Codd but delicately curl'd the back-bone which is perfectly round joynted with short joynts the space between not above a quarter of an inch thick separated they make fine Table-men being wrought on both sides with curious works The One and twentieth thick hasie weather The Five and twentieth we met with a Plimouth man come from St. Malloes in France 10 weeks out laden with cloath fruit and honey bound for Boston in New-England The Six and twentieth we had sight of land The Seven and twentieth we Anchored at Nantascot in the afternoon I went aboard of a Ketch with some other of our passengers in hope to get to Boston that night but the Master of the Ketch would not consent The Eight and twentieth being Tuesday in the morning about 5 of the clock he lent us his Shallop and three of his men who brought us to the western end of the town where we landed and having gratified the men we repaired to an Ordinary for so they call their Taverns there where we were provided with a liberal cup of burnt Madera-wine and store of plum-cake about ten of the clock I went about my Affairs Before I pursue my Voyage to an end I shall give you to understand what Countrie New-England is New-England is that part

fancie therefore of no necessary consequence and would produce only opinion A friend of mine shewed me a small Treatise written and printed in the Massachusets-Bay by B. D. Intituled An Astronomical description of the late Comet or Blazing-Star as it appeared in New England in the Ni●th T●nth Eleventh and the beginning o● the Twelfth moneth 1664. printed at Cambridge by Samuel Green 1665. An ingenious pi●ce but because I could not perswad● my friend to part with it I took out some short notes being straitned in time which are as followes Comets are distinguished in respect of their figure according to the divers aspects of the Sun into Barbate Caudate and Crinite 1. When the stream like a beard goes before the body 2. When the stream followes the body 3. When the stream goes right up into the Heavens A Comet is said to be Vertical to any people when the body of the Comet passeth over their heads The light of the Comet alters and varies according to the diverse Aspects of the Sun enlightning it Some took notice of it in the beginning of November In Anno Dom. 1668. July the Fifteenth happened an Eclipse of the moon from 9 of the clock at night till after 11 digits 9 and 35 minutes In November following appeared a Star between the horns of the Moon in the midst In Anno Dom. 1669. about the middle of June at 4 of the clock in the afternoon appeared a Rain-bow reverst and at night about 10 of the clock we had a Lunar Rain-bow The Indians so far as I could perceive have but little knowledge of the Stars and Planets observing the Sun and Moon only the dividers of time into dayes and years they being nearer to the Equinoctial-line by 10 degrees have their dayes and nights more equally divided being in Summer two hours shorter in Winter two hours longer than they are in England The 11 of June the Sun riseth at 4 and 26 minu●es and setteth at 7 34 minutes in December the 13 the shortest day the Sun riseth at 7 and 35 minutes and setteth at 4 and 27 minutes Mid March their Spring begins in April they have Rain a●d Thunder So again at Michaelmas about which season they have either before Michaelmas or after outrageous storms of Wind and Rain It 's observable that there is no part of the World which hath not some certain times of our-rageous storms We have upon our Coast in England a Michaelmas flaw that seldom fails in the West-Indies in August and September the forcible North-wind which though some call Tuffins or Hurricanes we must distinguish for a right Hurricane is as I have said before an impetuous wind that goes about the Compass in the space of 24 hours in such a storm the Lord Willoughby of Parham Governour of the Barbadoes was cast away going with a Fleet to recover St. Christophers from the French Anno Dom. 1666. July Cold weather begins with the middle of November the winter's perpetually freezing insomuch that their Rivers and salt-Bayes are frozen over and passable for Men Horse Oxen and Carts Aequore cum gelido zephyrus fer● xenia Cymbo The North-west wind is the sharpest wind in the Countrie In England most of the cold winds and weathers come from the Sea and those seats that are nearest the Sea-coasts in England are accounted unwholsome but not so in New England for in the extremity of winter the North-East and South-wind coming from the Sea produceth warm weather only the North-West-wind coming over land from the white mountains which are alwayes except in August covered with snow is the cause of extream cold weather alwayes accompanied with deep snowes and bitter frosts the snow for the most part four and six foot deep which melting on the superficies with the heat of the Sun for the most part shining out clearly every day and freezing again in the night makes a crust upon the snow sufficient to bear a man walking with snow-shoos upon it And at this season the Indians go forth on hunting of Dear and Moose twenty thirty forty miles up into the Countrie Their Summer is hot and dry proper for their Indian Wheat which thrives best in a hot and dry season the skie for the most part Summer and Winter very clear and serene if they see a little black cloud in the North-West no bigger than a man may cover with his Hat they expect a following storm the cloud in short time spreading round about the Horizon accompanied with violent gusts of wind rain and many times lightning and terrible thunder In all Countries they have observations how the weather will fall out and these rules following are observable in New-England If the Moon look bright and fair look for fair weather also the appearing of one Rainbow after a storm is a known sign of fair weather if mists come down from the Hills or descend from the Heavens and settle in the valleys they promise fair hot weather mists in the Evening shew a fair hot day on the morrow the like when mists rise from waters in the Evening The obscuting of the smaller Stars is a certain sign of Tempests approaching the oft changing of the wind is also a fore-runner of a storm the resounding of the Sea from the shore and murmuring of the winds in the woods without apparent wind sheweth wind to follow shooting of the Stars as they call it is an usual sign of wind from that quarter the Star came from So look whether the resounding of the Sea upon the shore be on the East or West side of the dwelling out of that quarter will the wind proceed the next day The redness of the sky in the morning is a token of winds or rain or both if the Circles that appear about the Sun be red and broken they portend wind if thick and dark wind snow and rain the like may be said of the Circles about the moon If two rainbow●s appear they are a sign of rain If the Sun or Moon look pale look for rain if a dark cloud be at Sun rising in which the Sun soon after is hid it will dissolve it and rain will follow nebula ascendens indicat imbres nebula descendens serenitatem If the Sun seem greater in the East than in the West about Sun-setting and that there appears a black cloud you may expect rain that night or the day following Serò rubens Coelum cras indicat esse serenum Sed si mane rubet venturos indicat Imbres To conclude if the white hills look clear and conspicuous it is a sign of fair weather if black and cloudy of rain if yellow it is a certain sign of snow shortly to ensue In Anno Dom. 1667. March appeared a sign in the Heavens in the form of a Sphear pointing directly to the West and in the year following on the third day of April being Friday there was a terrible Earthquake before that a very great one in 1638. and another in

affairs and a Judge of the Admiraltie a M●ster of Ordinance a Secretary c. Towns there are not many in this province Kittery situated not far from Pascataway is the most populous Next to that Eastward is seated by a River near the Sea Gorgiana a Majoraltie and the Metropolitan of the province Further to the Eastward is the Town of Wells Cape-Porpus Eastward of that where there is a Town by the Sea side of the same name the houses scatteringly built all these Towns have store of salt and fresh marsh with arable land and are well stockt with Cattle About eight or nine mile to the Eastward of Cape-Porpus is Winter harbour a noted place for Fishers here they have many stages Saco adjoyns to this and both make one scattering Town of large extent well stored with Cattle arable land and marshes and a Saw-mill Six mile to the Eastward of Saco forty mile from Gorgiana is seated the Town of Black-point consisting of about fifty dwelling houses and a Magazine or Dogonne scatteringly built they have store of neat and horses of sheep near upon Seven or Eight hundred much arable and marsh salt and fresh and a Corn-mill To the Southward of the point upon which are stages for fishermen lye two small Islands beyond the point North-eastward runs the River Spurwinch Four miles from Black-point one mile from Spurwinch River Eastward lyeth Richmans-Island whose longitude is 317 degrees 30 seconds and latitude 43 degrees and 34 minutes it is three mile in circumference and hath a passable and gravelly ford on the North-side between the main and the Sea at low-water here are found excellent Whetstones and here likewise are stages for fishermen Nine mile Eastward of Black-point lyeth scatteringly the Town of Casco upon a large Bay stored with Cattle Sheep Swine abundance of marsh and Arable land a Corn-mill or two with stages for fishermen Further East-ward is the Town of Kenebeck scated upon the River Further yet East-ward is Sagadehock where there are many houses scattering and all along stages for fishermen these too are stored with Cattle and Corn lands The mountains and hills that are to be taken notice of are first Acomentiens hills between Kettery and Gorgiana the high hills of Ossapey to the West-ward of Saco River where the princely Pilhanaw Ayries the white mountains to the North-ward of Black point the highest Terrasse in New-England you have the description of it in my Treatise of the rarities of New-England A Neighbour of mine rashly wandering out after some stray'd Cattle lost his way and coming as we conceived by his Relation near to the head spring of some of the branches of Black point River or Saco-River light into a Tract of land for God knowes how many miles full of delfes and dingles and dangerous precipices Rocks and inextricable difficulties which did justly daunt yea quite deter him from endeavouring to pass any further many such like places are to be met with in New-England The ponds or lakes in this province are very large and many out of which the great Rivers have their original we read of the lake Balsena that is thirty miles about here are that come very near to it stored with all sorts of fresh water fish and if you will believe report in one of them huge fishes like Whales are to be seen and some of them have fair Islands in them Twelve mile from Casco-bay and passable for men and horses is a lake called by the Indians Sebug on the brink thereof at one end is the famous Rock shap'd like a Moose-Deere or Helk Diaphanous and called the Moose-Rock Here are found stones like Crystal and Lapis Specularis or Muscovia glass both white and purple On the East-side of Black-point River upon a plain close to the Sea-bank is a pond two mile in compass fish it produceth but those very small and black and a number of Frogs and Snakes and much frequented by wild-fowl Ducks Teal and wild Swins and Geese especially spring and fall when they pass along to the Southward and return again to the North-ward where they breed The principal Rivers in the province of Main are Pascataway-River York-River Kenibunck-River near to this River clay bullets were cast up by a mineral vapour this River is by the Town of Wells Then Saco-River on the East-side of the Town the shore Rockie all along on both sides where musick echoes from several places seven miles up the River is a great fall where abundance of Salmon and Lamprons are taken at the fall a great way up the River runs upon the Rock in rupibus defendendo efficis rivos he cutteth out Rivers among the Rocks sa●th Job of the Almighty Job 28.10 A litt●● above the fall is a saw-mill Then Black-pant River d●vided into many branches this as most of the Rivers in New-England is bar'd with a bank of Sand where the Indians take Sturgeon and Basse Spur-winck-River is next which by his near approach to Black-point-river maketh that neck of land almost an Island Further East-ward is Kenebeck-river fifty leagues off of New-Plimouth East-ward and Pechipsent famous for multitudes of mighty large Sturgeon The last river of the province East-ward is the great river Sagadehock where Sir John Pophams Colony seated themselves The chief harbours are Cape-porpus Winter harbour in which are some small Islands Black-point Richmans-Island Casco-bay the largest in the province full of Islands From Sagadehock to Nova Scotia is called the Duke of Yorkes province here Pemmaquid Montinicus Mobegan Capeanawhagen where Capt Smith fish● for Whales Muscataquid all fill'd with dwelling houses and stages for fishermen and have plenty of Cattle arable land and marshes Nova Scotia was sold by the Lord Starling to the French and is now wholly in their possession Now we are come to New-found-land which is over against the gulf of St. Lawrence an Island near as spacious as Ireland and lyeth distant from the Continent as far as England is from the nearest part of France and near half the way between Ireland and Virginia its longitude is 334 degrees 20 seconds and North latitude 46 degrees 30 minutes or as others will 53 minutes The longitude of places are uncertainly reported but in latitudes most agree Longitude is the distance of the meridian of any place from the meridian which passeth over the Isles of Azores where the beginning of longitude is said to be The meridian is a great circle dividing the Equinoctial at right Angles into two equal parts passing also through both the Poles and the Zenith to which circle the Sun coming twice every 24 hours maketh the middle of the day and the middle of the night Every place hath a several meridian but they all meet in the poles of the world Latitude is counted from the Equinoctial to the end of 30 degrees on each side thereof The Equinoctial is a great circle imagined in the Heavens also dividing the heavens into two equal parts and

New-England from the first year of their setling there to purpose to this present year of our Lord 1673. with many other things by the way inserted and worth the observing I present unto your view in this ensuing Table Anno Mundi 3720 Britain known to the Graecians as appeared by Polybius the Greek Historian 265 years before the Birth of our Saviour after him Athenaeus a Greek Author of good account 170 before Christ relateth that Hiero sent for a mast for a great Ship that he had built to Britain Anno Mundi 3740 Hanno the Carthaginian flourished who sent to discover the great Island Atlantis i. e. America Anno Mundi 3873 Britain unknown to the Romans was first discovered to them by Julius Caesar 54 years before the Birth of Christ who took it to be part of the Continent of France and got nothing but the sight of that part called afterwards England which is the South of Britain Anno Domini 86 Britain discovered to be an Island and conquered by Julius Agricola 136. years after Julius Caesars entrance into it Anno Domini 99 The Emperour Trajan flourished and stretched the Confines of the Roman Enpire unto the remotest Dominions of the East-Indies who never before that time had heard of a Roman Anno Domini 745 Boniface Bishop of Mens a City in Germany was accused before Pope Zachary in the time of Ethelred King of the East-Angles for Heresie c. in that he averred there were Antipodes St. Augustine and Lactantius opinion was that there were none Anno Domini 827 Egbert the Saxon Monarch changed the name of the people in England and called them English-men Anno Domini 844 The Turks or Scythians came from thence in the time of Ethelwolf King of the West-Saxons If the Ottoman-line should fail the Chrim Tartar is to succeed being both of one Family Anno Domini 959 Edgar Sirnamed the Peaceable the 30 Monarch of the English caused the Wolves to be destroyed by imposing a Tribute upon the Princes of Wales and Fage Prince of North-Wales paid him yearly 300 Wolves which continued three years space in the fourth year there was not a Wolf to be found and so the Tribute ceased Anno Domini 1160 In the Emperours Frederick Barbarossa's time certain West-Indians came into Germany Anno Domini 1170 Madoc the Son of Owen Gwineth Prince of North-Wales his voyage to the West-Indies he planted a Colony in the Western part of the Countrey in our Henry the Seconds Raign Anno Domini 1300 Flavio of Malphi in Naples invented the Compass in our Edward the firsts time Anno Domini 1330 The Canaries discovered by an English Ship Anno Domini 1337 In Edward the third's time a Comet appeared continuing 30 days Anno Domini 1344 Machan an English-man accidentally discovered Madera-Island Anno Domini 1350 Estotiland discovered by fishermen of Freez-land in Edward the third's Raign Anno Domini 1360 The Franciscan-Fryer Nicholas de Linne who is said to discover the Pole by his black Art went thither in the Raign of Edward the Third Anno Domini 1372 Sir John Mandivel the Great Traveller dyed at Leige a City in the Netherland Provinces in Edward the Third's Raign Anno Domini 1380 Nicholas and Antonio Zeni two Noble Gentlemen of Venice were driven by Tempest upon the Island of Estotiland or Gronland in our Edward the Third's Raign Anno Domini 1417 The Canaries Conquered by Betan-Court a Frenchman Anno Domini 1420 The Island of Madera discovered in our Henry the Fifth's time Anno Domini 1428 The Island Puerto Santo or Holy-port distant from Madera 40 miles discovered by Portingal Mariners on All-hallowes-day and therefore called Holy-port it is in compass 150 miles in Henry the Sixth's Raign Anno Domini 1440 The Island of Cape de verd discovered Anno Domini 1452 The Marine parts of Guinea discovered by the Portingals in Henry the Sixth's Raign Anno Domini 1478 Ferdinando first Monarch of all Spain Anno Domini 1485 Henry the Seventh began to Raign Anno Domini 1486 The Kingdom of Angola and Congo with the Islands of St. George St. James and St. Helens discovered Anno Domini 1488 Christopher Columbus a Genouese offered the discovery of the West-Indies to Henry the Seventh Anno Domini 1492 Christopher Columbus sent to discover the West-Indies by Ferdinando King of Arragon and Isabella Queen of Castile who descended from Edward the Third King of England The Caribby-Islands the Antilles or Cani●al or Camerean-Islands now discovered by Christopher Columbus and took possession of Florida and Hispaniola for the King of Spain Anno Domini 1493 Alexander the Sixt Pope of Rome a Spa●iard took upon him to divide the world ●y his Bull betwixt the Portingal and the ●paniard bearing date the fourth of May ●iving to the one the East and to the other ●he West Indies St. Jean Porto Rico discovered by Christopher Columbus Cuba and Jamaica discovered by him this was his second voyage Anno Domini 1495 Sebastian Cabota the first that attempted to discover the North-west passage at the charge of Henry the Seventh Anno Domini 1497 Christopher Columbus his third voyage to the West Indies and now he discovered the Countreys of Paria and Cumana with the Islands of Cubagua and Margarita John Cabota and his Son Sebastian Cabota sent by Henry the Seventh to discover the West-Indies which they performed from the Cape of Florida to the 67 degree and a half of Northerly latitude being said by some to be the first that discovered Florida Virginia and New-found-land Vasques de Gama his voyage to Africa Anno Domini 1500 Christopher Columbus his fourth and last voyage to the West-Indies Jasper Corteriaglis a Portugal his voyage to discover the North-West passage he discovered Greenland or Terra Corteriaglis or Terra di Laborodoro Anno Domini 1501 Amerious Vesputius a Florentine imployed by the King of Castile and Portingal to discover the West-Indies named from him Seven year after Columbus America Anno Domini 1506 Christopher Columbus dyed Anno Domini 1508 Henry the Seventh dyed August the Two and twentieth Henry the Eighth King of England Anno Domini 1514 Sebastian Cabota the Son of John made further discovery of all the North-east coasts from Cape Florida to New-found-land and Terra Laborador Anno Domini 1516 The voyage of Sir Thomas Pert Vice-Admiral of England and Sebastian Cabota the Eighth of Henry the Eighth to Brasil St. Domingo and St. Juan de puerto rico Anno Domini 1520 Ferdinando Magellano a noble Portingal set forth to sail about the world but was 1521 unfortunately slain Anno Domini 1522 The Bermuduz-Isle 400 in number being 500 miles distant from Virginia a●d 3300 miles from the City of London in the latitude 32 degrees and 30 minutes discovered now accidentally by John Bermuduz a Spaniard Anno Domini 1523 Stephen Gomez his voyage to discover the North-west passage some will have it in Twenty five Anno Domini 1527 New-found-land discovered