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equinoctial_a to_o the_o equinoctial_a or_o from_o any_o other_o point_n of_o the_o zodiac_n to_o the_o same_o again_o now_o because_o of_o the_o unequal_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n depend_v upon_o reason_n deep_o engage_v in_o the_o theorical_a part_n of_o the_o spheer_n and_o therefore_o here_o to_o be_v take_v upon_o trust_n it_o ever_o be_v and_o yet_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a matter_n to_o determine_v exact_o in_o what_o space_n of_o time_n this_o revolution_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o zodiac_n be_v make_v insomuch_o that_o one_o say_v natali_n censorinus_n de_fw-fr die_fw-fr natali_n that_o the_o year_n consist_v of_o so_o many_o day_n and_o how_o much_o more_o or_o less_o no_o body_n know_v this_o uncertainty_n bring_v so_o much_o confusion_n upon_o the_o old_a roman_a calendar_n that_o time_n with_o they_o be_v grow_v a_o commodity_n and_o buy_v and_o sell_v at_o a_o price_n their_o priest_n who_o have_v to_o do_v with_o this_o affair_n have_v in_o their_o power_n to_o make_v any_o year_n long_o or_o short_a at_o their_o pleasure_n which_o the_o emperor_n julius_n caesar_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o matter_n no_o way_n below_o his_o great_a consideration_n advise_v with_o some_o egyptian_a mathematician_n about_o it_o by_o who_o instruction_n he_o find_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v yearly_a motion_n in_o the_o zodiac_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 365_o day_n and_o one_o 4_o part_n of_o a_o day_n or_o 6_o hour_n the_o 6_o odd_a hour_n he_o causs_v to_o be_v reserve_v in_o store_n till_o every_o four_o year_n that_o be_v till_o they_o make_v 24_o hour_n or_o one_o whole_a day_n so_o account_v that_o the_o 3_o first_o year_n shall_v consist_v of_o 365_o day_n and_o the_o
other_o fame_n then_o this_o of_o the_o shadow_n go_v back_o without_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o all_o now_o the_o historian_n hope_v be_v that_o if_o the_o more_o obvious_a part_n of_o the_o miracle_n concern_v the_o shadow_n can_v be_v persuade_v then_o that_o must_v necessary_o follow_v and_o josephus_n may_v know_v that_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n why_o the_o heathen_a shall_v misbeliev_n the_o retrocession_n of_o the_o shadow_n because_o their_o mathematician_n can_v tell_v they_o that_o such_o a_o thing_n as_o this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o nature_n for._n let_v a_o plane_n be_v set_v equidistant_a to_o the_o horizon_n of_o a_o right_a sphere_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n between_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o tropic_n the_o point_n of_o who_o verticitie_n let_v it_o be_v less_o elevate_v than_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n and_o let_v the_o plane_n be_v sciaterical_o prepare_v and_z it_o shall_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o go_v back_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o art_n etc._n etc._n let_v a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v the_o horizon_n a_o e_o c_o the_o meridian_n b_o the_o east_n point_n and_o d_o the_o west_n let_v b_o e_o d_o be_v the_o equator_fw-la cut_v the_o meridian_n in_o e._n let_v f_o g_o h_o be_v for_o the_o north_n parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n cut_v the_o meridian_n in_o g._n let_v the_o semith_n of_o the_o place_n suppose_v to_o be_v between_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o say_a parallel_n be_v the_o point_n i_o by_o which_o draw_v a_o vertical_a circle_n k_o l_o i_o m_o touch_v the_o parallel_n f_o g_o h_n in_o l_o and_o another_o n_z o_o p_o i_o q_o cut_v the_o same_o parallel_n f_o g_o h_n in_o the_o point_n o_o between_o l_o the_o point_n of_o contingencie_n and_o f_o the_o point_n where_o the_o sun_n shall_v begin_v to_o rise_v when_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o parallel_n f_o g_o h_n and_o again_o in_o the_o point_n p_o between_o l_o the_o say_a point_n of_o contingencie_n and_o the_o point_n g_o in_o the_o meridian_n and_o draw_v yet_o another_o vertical_a f_o r_o i_o s_o by_o f_o the_o point_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v and_o therefore_o cut_v the_o parallel_n f_o g_o h_n in_o r_n between_o the_o point_n p_o and_z g._n now_o because_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o any_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o sphere_n the_o shadow_n of_o any_o style_n erect_v upon_o a_o plane_n at_o right_a angle_n be_v necessary_o project_v upon_o the_o common_a section_n of_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o the_o style_n therefore_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o vertical_a circle_n f_o r_o i_o s_o and_o in_o the_o point_n of_o his_o rise_a f_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o style_n perpendicular_o erect_v upon_o the_o horizon_n of_o such_o a_o place_n who_o semith_n point_n shall_v be_v in_o i_o can_v recede_v from_o the_o plane_n of_o that_o vertical_a f_o r_o i_o s_o but_o shall_v cut_v the_o western_a semicircle_n of_o the_o horizon_n in_o s_n at_o the_o same_o place_n where_o the_o parallel_n t_o s_o opposite_a to_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n cut_v the_o horizon_n so_o that_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o shadow_n in_o the_o horizon_n from_o the_o meridian_n southward_o shall_v be_v the_o arch_n a_o s._n again_o the_o sun_n be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o place_v in_o o_o come_v to_o the_o vertical_a n_o o_fw-fr p_o i_o q_o and_o then_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o say_a style_n shall_v cut_v the_o horizon_n in_o q_o and_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o meridian_n will_v be_v the_o arch_a a_o q_o great_a than_o a_o s_n but_o when_o the_o sun_n shall_v come_v to_o l_o the_o point_n of_o contingencie_n and_o so_o be_v in_o the_o vertical_a k_o l_o i_o m_o then_z the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n shall_v cut_v the_o horizon_n in_o m_n and_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o shadow_n from_o the_o meridian_n will_v be_v the_o arch_n a_o m_o great_a than_o a_o q_o and_o the_o great_a which_o the_o shadow_n can_v have_v that_o day_n therefore_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v be_v in_o f_o the_o point_n of_o his_o rise_n till_o he_o come_v to_o l_o the_o point_n of_o contingencie_n the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n go_v still_o forward_o from_o s_n by_o q_o to_o m._n afterward_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o l_o to_o p_o shall_v be_v again_o in_o the_o vertical_a n_o o_fw-fr p_o i_o q_o and_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n shall_v again_o cut_v the_o horizon_n in_o q_o and_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o shadow_n from_o the_o meridian_n shall_v again_o be_v the_o arch_a a_o q_o as_o before_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o point_n o._n therefore_o the_o shadow_n be_v go_v back_o in_o the_o horizon_n from_o the_o point_n m_o to_o q_o near_o to_o the_o meridian_n again_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o p_o to_o r_n shall_v be_v again_o in_o the_o vertical_a f_o r_o i_o s_o and_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n shall_v cut_v the_o horizon_n in_o s_n and_o the_o distance_n thereof_o from_o the_o meridian_n shall_v be_v the_o arch_a a_o s_n as_o before_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o f_o the_o point_n of_o his_o rise_n therefore_o the_o shadow_n be_v go_v back_o also_o from_o m_n by_o q_o to_o s._n therefore_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n where_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v less_o than_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o shadow_n of_o a_o style_n perpendicular_o erect_v upon_o a_o plane_n may_v have_v a_o natural_a visible_a retrocession_n which_o be_v require_v to_o be_v do_v but_o peter_n novius_n however_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o retrogradation_n of_o the_o shadow_n be_v according_a to_o nature_n in_o the_o case_n propose_v yet_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o hezekiah_n he_o understand_v it_o to_o be_v miraculous_a and_o he_o make_v the_o miracle_n to_o consist_v in_o this_o that_o it_o be_v not_o do_v as_o the_o proposition_n require_v within_o but_o without_o the_o tropic_n between_o that_o of_o cancer_n and_o the_o arctic_a circle_n for_o in_o such_o a_o position_n of_o sphere_n the_o dial_n of_o ahaz_n be_v place_v but_o learned_a clavius_n who_o way_n of_o demonstration_n we_o follow_v make_v it_o plain_o to_o appear_v that_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v do_v as_o well_o in_o the_o one_o place_n as_o the_o other_o and_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v so_o for_o in_o our_o own_o elevation_n here_o at_o oxford_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o same_o position_n of_o sphere_n though_o not_o under_o the_o same_o latitude_n with_o they_o at_o jerusalem_n a_o plane_n may_v be_v fit_v for_o such_o a_o polar_a altitude_n as_o shall_v be_v less_o than_o twenty_o three_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a and_o then_o it_o will_v have_v the_o same_o site_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o if_o it_o be_v place_v between_o the_o tropic_n and_o so_o the_o retrocession_n of_o the_o shadow_n must_v be_v as_o natural_a as_o before_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v say_v against_o peter_n novius_n that_o the_o miracle_n be_v not_o in_o the_o go_v back_o of_o the_o shadow_n only_o but_o the_o sun_n for_o so_o it_o be_v set_v down_o by_o isaiah_n the_o prophet_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o begin_n that_o the_o most_o visible_a part_n of_o the_o miracle_n be_v the_o retrocession_n of_o the_o shadow_n that_o shall_v here_o be_v prove_v because_o to_o the_o strength_n of_o our_o observation_n it_o be_v require_v that_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o most_o receive_a opinion_n concern_v the_o degree_n in_o the_o dial_n of_o ahaz_n be_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v mean_v of_o hour_n so_o indeed_o the_o targum_fw-la render_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o at_o the_o first_o view_n it_o seem_v most_o reasonable_a according_a to_o this_o the_o sun_n go_v backward_o ten_o hour_n therefore_o he_o have_v go_v forward_o 150_o degree_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n for_o he_o be_v to_o go_v every_o hour_n fifteen_o therefore_o also_o he_o have_v yet_o to_o go_v thirty_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o compliment_n of_o 180._o the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o day_n the_o time_n then_o of_o the_o miracle_n be_v within_o two_o hour_n of_o night_n and_o the_o retrocession_n of_o the_o sun_n itself_o be_v as_o visible_a as_o that_o of_o the_o shadow_n for_o he_o have_v go_v back_o above_o three_o part_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n but_o this_o can_v not_o be_v for_o the_o prophet_n ask_v the_o king_n whether_o he_o will_v have_v the_o sun_n go_v ten_o degree_n forward_o or_o ten_o degree_n backward_o but_o if_o degree_n be_v take_v for_o hour_n will_v he_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o will_v have_v the_o sun_n go_v 10._o hour_n forward_o
so_o call_v from_o α_n the_o particle_n privative_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o this_o be_v a_o fable_n befit_v the_o greek_n who_o nation_n have_v be_v serious_o tax_v by_o its_o own_o autor_n for_o their_o luxury_n of_o invention_n in_o fabulous_a discourse_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o free_v the_o description_n ensue_a from_o the_o equivocation_n and_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o word_n assyria_n which_o be_v sometime_o take_v for_o itself_o at_o other_o time_n for_o the_o whole_a region_n of_o syria_n in_o that_o since_o comprehend_v in_o it_o more_o than_o itself_o to_o wit_n palestine_n syrophoenicia_n syria_n damascena_fw-la arabia_n mesopotamia_n babylonia_n chaldoea_n sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o according_a to_o strabo_n &_o pliny_n and_o many_o other_o but_o our_o master_n ptolemy_n to_o deliver_v the_o delineation_n of_o the_o world_n from_o the_o ataxy_n and_o confusion_n of_o the_o ancient_n deal_v more_o accurate_o in_o his_o observation_n 1._o ptolemaeus_n asiae_n tab_v 5._o cap._n 1._o he_o therefore_o in_o his_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o five_o table_n of_o asia_n describe_v our_o country_n in_o this_o manner_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n in_o which_o description_n ptolemy_n have_v vindicate_v this_o country_n to_o her_o proper_a limit_n apt_o sequester_v assyria_n from_o the_o rest_n comprehend_v the_o country_n within_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o great_a america_n upon_o the_o north_n mesopotamia_n upon_o the_o west_n susian_a upon_o the_o south_n and_o media_n towards_o the_o sun_n rise_v the_o chief_a of_o ptolomie_n follower_n in_o this_o be_v dominicus_n marius_n niger_n in_o his_o geographical_a commentary_n upon_o asia_n who_o word_n i_o forbear_v to_o insert_v because_o they_o be_v but_o the_o mere_a metaphrase_n of_o the_o description_n already_o give_v beside_o he_o editionis_fw-la he_o pag._n 159._o tigurinae_fw-la editionis_fw-la vadian_n have_v do_v the_o like_a in_o the_o chapter_n which_o treat_v of_o the_o situation_n of_o assyria_n so_o also_o gemma_fw-la frisius_n in_o his_o 22_o chapter_n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o marcianus_n heracleote_n who_o in_o the_o description_n of_o susian_a the_o province_n 〈◊〉_d marcianus_n heracleωte_v in_o cap._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thus_o write_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o say_v that_o the_o north_n limit_n of_o susian_a be_v assyria_n and_o ptolemy_n have_v say_v before_o that_o the_o south_n limit_n of_o assyria_n be_v susian_a the_o agreement_n of_o these_o autor_n i_o oppose_v to_o the_o distraction_n of_o other_o in_o reading_z whereof_o diligent_a heed_n will_v be_v take_v of_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o word_n assyria_n lest_o the_o reader_n not_o be_v sufficient_o cautelous_a may_v happy_o be_v then_o least_o acquaint_v with_o the_o country_n when_o he_o have_v travel_v most_o about_o it_o assyriae_n longitudo_fw-la &_o latitudo_fw-la assyriae_n the_o latitude_n of_o assyria_n be_v northern_a cut_v off_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_a a_o arch_n of_o a_o great_a circle_n contain_v about_o 5_o degree_n and_o ⅓_n from_o the_o 34_o degree_n to_o the_o 39_o and_o 20_o scruple_n the_o longitude_n account_v in_o the_o middle_a line_n from_o the_o great_a follow_v great_a in_o the_o assign_v geographical_a longitude_n we_o find_v a_o observable_a difference_n the_o modern_n account_v from_o the_o isle_n call_v azore_n guide_v by_o the_o variation_n of_o their_o compass_n the_o arabian_n account_v from_o the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n or_o the_o strait_n of_o gebaltarck_o corrupt_o call_v gibraltar_n titus-abelfeldea_a some_o also_o from_o arius_n under_o the_o line_n and_o other_o otherwise_o but_o ptolemy_n from_o the_o fortunate_a isle_n and_o he_o here_o we_o follow_v meridian_n of_o the_o world_n be_v from_o the_o 78_o degree_n to_o the_o 84._o in_o assign_v this_o position_n we_o we_o have_v rather_o incline_v to_o ptolemy_n than_o the_o modern_a conjecture_n of_o late_a writer_n for_o though_o instrument_n be_v more_o exact_a and_o man_n experience_n more_o universal_a yet_o what_o shall_v all_o that_o do_v cùm_fw-la jam_fw-la sedge_n ubi_fw-la troia_n fuit_fw-la &_o ninus_n in_o ipsa_fw-la nino_n requiratur_fw-la when_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o such_o ruin_n that_o if_o the_o founder_n himself_o shall_v rise_v again_o ninus_n will_v scarce_o find_v ninive_n through_o he_o seek_v it_o in_o itself_o according_a therefore_o to_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n assign_v the_o site_n of_o this_o country_n be_v in_o the_o north_n part_n above_o the_o torrid_a zone_n between_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n and_o the_o arctic_a circle_n under_o and_o about_o the_o four_o clime_n the_o long_a day_n be_v some_o 14_o hour_n and_o one_o second_o part_n this_o situation_n be_v approve_v by_o rabbi_n abraham_n in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o clime_n his_o word_n be_v these_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o four_o clime_n begin_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o to_o the_o latitude_n of_o 36_o degree_n of_o the_o equal_a line_n in_o the_o north_n portion_n and_o his_o day_n be_v fourteen_o hour_n and_o one_o second_o and_o pass_v through_o assur_n so_o far_o the_o rabbin_z we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o position_n of_o this_o region_n be_v a_o oblique_a sphere_n who_o phaenomena_n be_v these_o they_o enjoie_v as_o we_o do_v both_o a_o vernal_a and_o autumnal_a equinox_n the_o sun_n be_v in_o aries_n and_o libra_n their_o site_n be_v in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o north_n temperate_a zone_n therefore_o their_o air_n be_v pleasant_a alhazen_a vitello_n alhazen_a the_o sun_n never_o culminate_n in_o their_o senith_n point_n that_o be_v place_v beyond_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n which_o be_v the_o extreme_a circle_n of_o the_o sun_n motion_n in_o his_o northern_a declination_n and_o because_o the_o optic_n teach_v that_o every_o opacous_a body_n project_v his_o shadow_n to_o a_o part_n direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o body_n luminous_a therefore_o the_o sun_n be_v either_o in_o the_o northern_a or_o southern_a sign_n their_o shadow_n be_v never_o direct_v to_o the_o south_n but_o contrariwise_o therefore_o they_o be_v heteroscii_n last_o they_o have_v the_o pole_n arctic_a always_o elevate_v and_o the_o antarctick_a always_o hide_v for_o the_o astrological_a site_n of_o this_o place_n it_o be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o first_o quadrant_n in_o the_o part_n oriental_n and_o meridional_a and_o be_v therefore_o subject_a to_o the_o second_o triangle_n under_o the_o dominion_n taurus_n virgo_fw-la and_o capricorn_n the_o planetary_a lord_n be_v saturn_n and_o venus_n oriental_n in_o regard_n of_o who_o rule_n in_o that_o earthly_a triplicity_n the_o inhabitant_n must_v needs_o be_v of_o a_o disposition_n wanton_a and_o lascivious_a in_o apparel_n gorgeous_a in_o 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the_o place_n of_o aries_n and_o so_o much_o may_v suffice_v for_o the_o general_a application_n of_o theoretical_a geography_n to_o the_o practical_a description_n of_o this_o country_n before_o we_o enter_v the_o particular_a part_n our_o discourse_n shall_v tread_v awhile_o upon_o the_o border_n where_o first_o on_o the_o north_n part_n we_o meet_v with_o the_o armenian_a mountain_n which_o may_v have_v be_v slight_o pass_v over_o but_o that_o they_o show_v the_o place_n where_o once_o noah_n ark_n rest_v that_o it_o rest_v in_o ararat_n or_o armenia_n moses_n bear_v witness_n that_o it_o rest_v in_o that_o part_n of_o armenia_n wherein_o we_o have_v place_v it_o may_v be_v a_o conjecture_n not_o without_o probability_n because_o ptolemy_n place_v the_o country_n gordiena_n direct_o upon_o the_o north_n adjoin_v in_o situation_n to_o these_o mountain_n now_o that_o country_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o gordiaean_a mountain_n upon_o which_o the_o ark_n rest_v as_o be_v approve_v 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