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A07873 A treatyse of the newe India with other new founde landes and islandes, aswell eastwarde as westwarde, as they are knowen and found in these oure dayes, after the description of Sebastian Munster in his boke of universall cosmographie: wherin the diligent reader may see the good successe and rewarde of noble and honeste enterpryses, by the which not only worldly ryches are obtayned, but also God is glorified, [and] the Christian faythe enlarged. Translated out of Latin into Englishe. By Rycharde Eden.; Cosmographia. English. Abridgments Münster, Sebastian, 1489-1552.; Eden, Richard, 1521?-1576. 1553 (1553) STC 18244; ESTC S101322 70,126 212

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to wāder abrode alone and to geat theyr meate with oute the he●pe of theyr parentes The whelpes while they are verye yong neuer come out of this bagge but when they sucke This portentous beast with her three whelpes was broughte to Ciu●le in Spaine and from thence to Granata ¶ Of the foure nauigacions of Americus uesputius to the newe Ilandes AMericus uesputius beyng sent with Christophorus Columbus in the yeare of Christ M. cccc.xcij at the commaundement of Ferdinando King of Castile to seke vnknowē landes and wel instructed in sayling on the sea after a fewe yeares set forward fowre viages of hys owne proper charges That is to witte two vnder the sayd King Ferdinando and two other vnder Emanuel king of Portugale of the which he himselfe wryteth after this maner ¶ The fyrste viage of Americus uesputius IN the yere of christ M. cccc.xcvij the .xx. daye of Maye we came with foure shippes to the fortunate Ilandes called Insulae fortunatae where the North pole hath his eleuacion xxvij degrees .xl. minutes And frō thence within the space of .xxvij dayes we came to a lād more Westwarde then the fortunate Ilandes where the North pole was eleuate xvi degrees where also we founde a nacion of naked people of innumerable multitude whiche as sone as they sawe vs fled to the next moūtayne Frō hence within two dayes sayling we came to a safe port wher we founde manye men which with much adoe we could scarcely allure to communicaciō although we profered them belles lokinge glasses cristallyne cuppes and suche other iewelles But at the length perceauing our good wyll and liberalitie towarde them they came to vs by heapes and ioyned frendshyp with vs without all feare They goe all as naked as they came forth of their mothers wombe They suffre no heare on their bodie sauing only on theyr head in so much that they pul of y e heares of their browes They are all so perfectelye ex●rcysed in swimminge that they can continue therein for the space of two leages without any thinge to beare thē vp and especiallye the women Theyr weapons are bowes and arrowes They arme theyr arrowes with y e teeth of beastes and fyshes bycause they lack Irō other metals They kepe warre against their borderers whiche are of straunge language They fyght not for the enlargeing of theyr dominion forasmuche as they haue no Magistrates nor yet for thincrease of riches because thei are contente with their owne commodities but onely to reuenge the death of theyr predicessours At theyr meate they vse rude and barberous fashions lying on the groūd without any table clothe or couerlet They slepe in certayne greate nettes made of Gossampine cotton and hanged a lofte in the ayre beetwene trees Theyr bodies are verye smothe and clene by reason of theyr often washinge They are in other thinges fylthy and withoute shame Thei vse no lawful coniunccion of mariage but euery one hath as many women as him listeth and leaueth them agayn at his pleasure The women are very fruiteful and refuse no laboure al the whyle they are with childe They trauayle in maner withoute payne so that the nexte day they are cherefull and able to walke Neyther haue they theyr bellies wrimpeled or loose hanginge pappes by reason of bearinge manye chyldren Theyr houses and cabbens are all in common Theyr houses are fasshyoned lyke vnto belles and made of greate trees fastened together couered wyth the leaues of date trees and made very strōge against wind and tempestes They are also in some places so great that in one of them sixe hūdreth persons may lodge Thei vse euery seuenth or eyght yeare to remoue chaūge theyr dwelling places because that by theyr longe continuaunce in one place the ayre shoulde bee infected They vse no kynd of marchaundise or bying and selling beyng content onely with that which nature hath lefte them As for Golde Pearles precious stones iewelles and suche other thinges which we in Europa esteme as pleasures and delicates they sette noughte by They haue no kynde of corne Theyr common fedinge is a certayne roote whiche they drye and beate make floure or meale therof They eate no kynd of fleshe except mans fleshe for they eate all suche as they ky●l in theyr warres or oherwise take by chaūce When he had thus vewed the countreye and cōsydered the maners of the people we determyned to sayle further downe by the landes syde and came after a few daies to a certayne hauen where we sawe about twentie greate houses raysed vppe muche after the fasshion of belles● There came vnto vs a great multitude of mē vnder pretense of frendshyp Some swimminge and some in botes Who as sone as thei drew neare vnto vs sodeynly bent theyr bowes against vs where we defended oure selues manfully In this bickeringe we slewe of them about twentie beesyde manye that were wounded But of our mē were onlye fyue hurte whiche were all perfectelye healed Thus departinge from this hauen we sayled on● and came to another nacion in cōuersa●ion and tongue vtterlye differing from the fyrst For comming oute of our shippe we were very frēdly entreated of thē where we continued for the space of nyne dayes This region is very fayre and fruitefull hauinge manye pleasaunt woodes which continue grene all the yeare longe They haue fruites innumerable vtterlye vnlyke vnto oures The Region is situate dyrectelye vnder the lyne called Tropicus Cancri The inhabitantes them selues call it Parias Saylinge farre beyond this Region and ouerpassinge manye countreyes and nacions fyndinge Gold euery where but in no great quantitie we came to another nacion full of gentlenesse and humanitie where we rested .xxxvij. dayes These people made greuous complaynte vnto vs that there was not farre frō them a certayne fearse and cruell nacion whiche vexed thē sore and made incursion into theyr ●ountreye at a certayne tyme of the yeare kyllinge them and violentlye carying them awaye to thintent to eate th●m in so muche that they were not able to defend them selues agaynste theyr fearsenesse Whiche thinge when they hadde so lamentablye declared vnto vs and we hadde made them promyse that we woulde reuenge theyr so manye iniuries they ioyned vnto oure company seuen of theyr men Thus we wente forward and after seuen dayes came to an Ilande called ●ty ● where these fearse people dwelte Who as sone as they hadde espyed vs came armed agaynste vs. We ioyned with them in battaile which contynued for the space of twoo houres At the length we droue them to flyghte and slewe and wounded a greate numbre of them and toke .xxv captiues But of our men was onely one slayne and .xxi. wounded shortely after restored to health We gaue to those seuē mē which went with vs thre menne of oure prisonners and foure women whom with greate reioysinge
Meroe now called Elsaba beinge in the ryuer of Nilus that the quene came frō thence also Saba in Arabia are situate farre Southwarde from Hierusalem euen in maner in the middest of the lyne called Tropicus Can●ri and the Equin●ctinal lyne ●here the Pole Artike is eleuate not passing 1● degrees or thereabout as in Meroae where as the same pole is eleuate at Hierusalem 22. degrees whereby it may appeare y t the quene of Saba whō Christe calleth the quene of y e south came frō the south partes about .xi. hundreth .xl. miles from Hierusalē for the same distaunce is frō Saba in Meroe to Hier●salem as betwene Rome Englād ●ut as touching this matter it shall suffyse to haue sayde thus muche Nowe therefore to returne home from these farre countreys and to speake somewhat of this viage which oure countreymenne haue attempted to sayle into the Easte partes by the coastes of Norway Lappia and Finmarchia and so by the narrowe tracte of the Sea by the coastes of Grouelande into the frosen sea called Maroae Congelatū so forth to Cathay yf any suche passage may be found whiche onely doubte doeth at this daye discorage many faynte hearted men speciallye beecause in the moste parte of Globes Mappes they see the continente or fyrme land extended euen to the North Pole without any such passage Which thing ought to moue no mā greatly ●orasmuch as the most parte of Globes a●d mappes are made after Ptolomeus Tables Who albeit he was an excellent man yet were there many thinges hyd from his knowledge as not sufficientelye tryed or searched at those daies as manifestly appeareth in that he knew nothing of America with the hole fyrme lande adherent thereunto which is nowe found to be the fourth parte of the earth Neyther yet knew he any thinge of the passage by the Weste into the Easte by the strayghtes of Magellanus as you shal reade in this Boke Neyther of the Ilandes in the Weste Ocean Sea nor of the Ilandes of Molucca situate in the mayne Easte Indian Sea And as touchinge this passage albeit it were not knowē in Ptolomeus dayes yet other auctors of later time who perhappes haue hadde further experience of the thing as good reason is doe wryte not onely that there is a passage by the Northe Sea into the mayne Easte Sea but doe also further declare howe certayne shippes haue safelye sayled throughe the same as Pius secundus otherwyse called AE●eas Siluius an excellente aucto●e descrybeth in his Boke of Cosmographie where he hath these wordes folowing Of the North Ocean Sea whether it may be sayled aboute or not the contencion is greater yet is it apparaunte that the greateste parte thereof aboute Germanie hath been searched by the commaundemente of Augustus themperour euen vnto the promontorie or landes ende of the people called Cimbri The seas also and coastes of Caspia were so searched during the warres of the Macedonians vnder the dominion of Seleucus Anthiocus that al most all the North on euery syde was sayled about Plinie rehearseth the testimonie of Cornelius Nepos who wryteth that the king of Sueuia or Swethelande gaue to Metellus celer proconsull or leauetenaunte of Fraunce certayne Iudians or menne of Iude whiche saylinge out of India for mar●haundyse were by tempest drieuen into Germanie We also reade in Otho that vnder thempyre of the Germaynes there was a shippe of Indians taken in the North sea of Germanie and drieuen thether by contrary wynd frō the East partes which thing coulde by no meanes haue comen to passe yf as many menne thinke the North sea were not nauigable by reason of extreme cold Ise. And these be the very wordes of Pius Secundus whereunto I adde that thys notwithstandinge yf it should so chaunce that ether there can no such passage be found or the same so daungerous or otherwyse that the very cutte thereof by which onely perhappes any shippes might passe could not be founde yea or to caste the worste yf they shoulde perishe in this viage yet I woulde wishe all men to be of such corage and constancie in these affayres as are valiaunt capitaynes in the warres who yf by misfortune they take a foyle doe rather studie how by some other wayes to recouer theyr honour and reputaciō diminished by the same then with shame losse dishonour euer afterwarde to geue place to theyr enemyes or forsweare the warres Wherefore to conclude yf no good can be done this way it were worthy the aduēture to attempt yf the same viage may bee broughte to passe another waye as by the strayght called Fretū trium fratrum westward by North from England whiche viage is sufficiently knowen to suche as haue any skyll in Geographie As for other landes and Ilandes in the west sea where the Eagle yet not in euery place hath so spled his winges that other poore byrdes may not without offēce seke theyr praye within the compasse of the same I wyll speake nothing hereof bycause I wold be loth to lay an egge wherof other men might hatche a serpent Wherfore to let this passe to entre into another matter Forasmuch as in these our daies hath chaūced so great a secret to be foūd as the like hath neuer been knowē or heard before what soeuer God meant to kepe this mistery hyd so long I thoughte it good to speake somwhat hereof trusting y t the pleasaūt cōtemplaciō of the thing it selfe shal make the length of this preface lesse tedious especially yf it find a reader whose soule delyteth to prayse God in his workes The thing therfore is this how the hole globe of the world of the earth and wate● I meane hath been sayled aboute by the West into the East as doth more largely appeare in this boke in the nauigaciōs of Magellanus who from Spayne sayled Westward to the Ilādes of Molucca being in the East sea farre beyond y e furthest partes of East India the portugales came to the same Ilandes frō Spayne sayling Eastward by the coastes of Aphrica Arabia the vttermost India beyōd the ryuer of Ganges where in y e Indian sea the sayd Ilādes of Molucca are situate A thing surely most wōderful and in maner incredible but that the same is proued most certayne by experience the teacher and mestres of all sciences for lacke of whose ayde experience I meane lyke as many greate wittes haue fallen into great errours so by her ayde many base and cōmon wittes haue attayned to the knowledge practise of such wōderfull effectes as could hardely be comprehēded by the discourse of reasō Which thing or other lyke I suppose was the cause why the noble Philosopher Aristoteles sayde Quod nihil est in intellectu ꝙ non fuit prius insensu that is that nothinge is in vnderstandinge but
Spaniardes with a rude and murmuring songe At the length there came three other as thoughe they were ambassadours whiche by certayn signes desyred y e Spaniardes to go with thē further into the lād making a countenaunce as though thei wold intertayn thē wel where vpō y e captayne Magellanus sent w t thē vii mē well instructed to thintēt to ●earche y e regiō maners of the people And thus they went w t thē into y e desertes wher they came to a low cotage couered with wylde beastes skinnes hauing in it two māsiōs in one of y t which were womē childrē in the other only mē They interteined their gestes after a barbaros beastly maner which neuertheles semed to thē princelike for they killed a beast not much vnlike a wylde asse whose flesshe but halfe rosted they set before our mē without any other kind of meate or drinke Here were our mē of necessitie cōstrained to lye al night vnder these skinnes by reason of the great abundaunce of snowe and wynde And when it was day our mē were very earnest with them would in maner haue enforsed them to goe with them to the shippe which thing thei perceauing couered them selu●s from the head to the foote with certayn horrible beastes skinnes and paynted theyr faces with sundrye colours Thus taking theyr bowes and arrowes bringing with them other of theyr companie of much greater stature and terrible aspect thē they were they shewed them selues to oure men in araye as thoughe they were ready to fight But the Spanyardes whiche thoughte that the matter would haue comen to hand strokes commaunded a piece of ordinaunce to be shotte of The which although it dyd no hurte yet these hardy giauntes which a litle before semed to be as bold as though they durst haue made warre against Iupiter were by the noyse there of put in suche feare that they foorthwith beganne to entreate of peace Our men entēded to haue brought some of these Gyauntes wyth them into Spayne for the straungenes of the thinge but they all escaped oute of theyr handes Magell●nus therfore vnderstandinge that it were vnprofytable to tarie there any longer and that also the sea was very rough the wether stormie and boysteous and that furthermore the firme lād extēded further toward the south it so muche that the further they sayled that waye they should fynde in so much y e colder he deferred hys proceding vnto the moneth of may at whiche time y e sharpenes of winter exceadeth with th●m when as with vs sommer is begon He foūd there greate plentie of wood The sea also ministred vnto them great abundaūce of shelfishe besyde other fyshes of sundrie kynd●s He found lykewyse many springes of freshe holesome waters and vsed hūtinge and taking of foules Only bread wyne was lackinge in the shippe The south pole was there eleuated fortie degrees ¶ How Magella●us by a strayght or narrow arme of the sea sayled by the west into the East to dyuers Ilandes where also he was slayne THe wynter now being past the xxiiij day of Auguste Magellanus departed frō the place aforesayde styll folowed the tracte of the firme land toward the south vntyl at the length the .xxvi. day of Nouember he found in that firme land certayn open places lyke vnto strayghtes or narrow seas Into the which entring with his nauie he cōmaunded that certayn shippes should searche the goulfes on euerye syde yf anye way or passage might be found into the East At the length they foūd a certayn depe straight by the which they were perswaded y t there was enteraunce into some other mayne sea in so much that Magellanus attempted to sear●he y e same This straight was foūd to be somtime of y e bredth of thre Italian myles sometyme of two sometime of tenne reached somwhat toward the West The altitude or eleuacion of the south pole in this place was foūde to be .lii. degrees They coulde see no people stering in the costes of this entraūce Therfore Magellanus seing thys lande to be rough saluage vnpleasaūt to abide in by reasō of extreme cold he thought it not worthye the trauayle to spend any time in serching the same Therfore sailing forward in his viage thus attēpted by y e said strayghte which is now called the strayght of Magellanus he was therby brought into another mayn sea verye great and large The length of this strayght or narrow sea is estemed to be a hūdreth spanishe miles The land which he had on his right hande he doubted not to be mayne lande and that on the left hand he supposed to bee Ilandes Magellanus sawe lykewyse the fyrme land to be extended directly toward y e North wherefore letting passe that greate lande he sayled by that greate and large sea betwene the West and the North that for this intente that at the length he might by the West come into the East and agayne vnder the burning lyne called Zona Torrida beynge well assured that the Ilandes of Molucca which he soughte were in the Easte and not farre frō the Equinoctial lyne When they hadde thus sayled for●ie dayes and came now agayne vnder the line or circle called Tropicus Capricorni they founde two lyttle Ilandes inhabyted but very barren and therfore called thē infortunate Ilandes Departinge frō thence they sailed on for a great space and found a certayne Ilande which y e inhabitantes called Inuagana where the eleuacion of the Northe pole called pole Artike was .xij. degrees And the length from the Ilandes called Gades by the Weste was iudged to bee c.lviii degrees Thus proceding they saw dyuers other Ilandes and that so manye that they supposed they had been brought into a great sea lyke vnto that called Archipelagus where with sygnes poyntinges as the dūme are wōt to speake with the dumme they asked of these Indians the names of the Ilandes wherby they learned that thei were in Acatan and not farre frō the Ilande called Selani wel inhabited and replenished with abundaunce of al thinges necessarie for the cōmodities of this life Sayling therfore toward the Ilande of Selani thei were with a cōtrary wind drieuen on the Iland of Massana from whense they came to the greate Iland a● Subuth where y e Spanyardes were wel enterteyned of the Kinge of the Iland who brought thē into a certayn cotage and set before thē such delicates as he hadde Theyr bread was of the trunke of a certen tree cut in pieces fried with oyle Theyr drinke was of the humoure ●r ioyse which droppeth out of the braunches of the date trees when they are cutte Theyr meate was suche as they toke by foulinge with such fruites as the contrei brought forth This Ilande was very riche of gold and ginger In
they caried with them into theyr countreye and we returninge home toward Spaine with many captiues came fyrste to a porte of Spayne called Calicium where we solde oure priesoners and were ioyefullye receaued In the yeare of Christ M. cccc xcix the .xv. daye of Octobre ¶ The seconde viage of Vesputius IN the moneth of May folowing Vesputius attempted another viage and came by the Ilādes of Canaria euen vnto the burninge lyne called Torrida zona and founde a lande beeyonde the Equinoctial line toward the South where the South pole is eleuate fyue degrees And wheras he coulde fynde no apte enteraunce into the land and sayled vp down alonge by the same he espyed a bote in which was aboute twentie men who as sone as they saw the Spanyardes lepte into the Sea and escaped all excepte two which they toke In theyr bote which they forsoke were founde foure young men which they had by force taken oute of another countrey hauinge theyr priuie memb●rs newelye cutte of These Vesputius toke into his shippes and learned by theyr signes and tokens that they hadde been taken of the Canibales and should shortly haue been eaten But departinge from these costes saylinge on forward they came to a commodious hauen where they founde muche people with whom they ioyned frendshyp and fell to chaungeinge of ware receauinge for one bell fyue hundreth Pearles In this lande they drinke a certayne kynde of wyne made of the iuyse of fruites and sedes being lyke whyte and redde sydar Departinge from hence and saylinge yet further they founde a certayne Ilande in which was a beastly kind of people and simple yet very gentle In this Ilande is no freshe water but they gather the dew which in the night season falleth vpon certayne leaues muche lyke vnto the eare of an Asse They lyue for the moste parte by sea fishe They haue no cotages of houses but haue certayne broade leaues wherewith they defende them selues from the heate of the Sunne but not from showres but it is verye lykely that it rayneth but lyttle in that Iland Vesputi●s wyth his companye departinge from hence sayled vnto another Ilande into the whiche when he hadde entered he founde certayne cotages and in them ●wo old women and three young wenches whiche were of so greate stature that they marueyled thereat And whereas oure menne stryued with them to bringe them to the shyppe to thintente to haue caryed them into Spayne they espyed cominge toward them syxe and thyrtie men yet of muche greater stature then were the women bearing with thē bowes arrowes and great stakes lyke vnto clubbes at the syghte of whome oure menne beinge afrayd made haste to theyr shyppes But these Gyauntes folowinge them euen to the Sea syde bended theyr arrowes towardes the Spanyardes vntyll they discharged two pieces of ordinaunces wyth the horryble sounde whereof they were immediatly drieuen to flight Oure menne therefore departinge from thence called that Ilande the Ilande of Giauntes And came to another nacion which frendlye entreated them and offered them many Pearles in so muche that they boughte .xix. markes weyghte of pearles for a smal price They gaue vs also certayne shelfysshes of the whiche some conteyned in them a hundreth and thyrtie Pearles and some fewer Departinge frō thence they came to the Ilande of An●iglia which Columbus had discouered a few yeares before Leauinge this they sayled directely to Calicium a porte of Spayne where they were honourablye r●ceaued ¶ The thyrde viage of Vesputius VEsputius beyng called frō Castile to serue Emanuel the King of Portugale in the yeare of Christe M. ccccc.ij the tenth daye of May departed from the hauē of lisburne and sayled downe by the coastes of the sea Atlantike vntil he came vnder the Equi●●ctial lyne And the .xvij. daye of Auguste they arryued at a cer●ayne lande where they found a kind of beastly people This land is situate toward the South fyue degrees beyonde the Equinoctial lyne A greate multitude of the inhabitātes wer gathered together and as wel as they coulde by signes and poyntinges desired oure men to come alande to see theyr coūtrey There were two in the shippe whiche toke vpon thē to vewe the land learne what spyces or other commodities might be had therein They were appoynted to returne within the space of fiue daies at the vttermost But when eyght dayes were now paste they whiche remayned in the shippes heard yet nothing of theyr returne wheras in the meane time great multitudes of other people of the same lande resorted to the Sea syde but could by no meanes be allured to communicacion Yet at the length they broughte certayne women which shewed them selues familier towarde the Spaniardes Wherupon they sent forth a young man beyng very strong and quicke at whom as the women wondered and stode ga●inge on him and feling his apparell there came sodeynly a woman downe from a mountayne bringing with her secretely a great stake with which she gaue him such a stroke behynde that he fell dead on the earth The other womenne foorthwith toke him by the legges and drewe him to the mountayne whyle in the meane tyme the men of the countreye came foorth with bowes and arrowes shot at oure men But the Spaniardes dischargeing foure pieces of ordinaunce agaynst them droue them to flighte The women also which had slayne the yong man cut him in pieces euē in the sight of the Spaniardes shewinge them the pieces and rosting them at a greate fyre The mē also made certayn tokens wherby they declared that not past .viij. daies before they had in lyke maner serued other christiā mē Wherfore y e Spaniardes hauinge thus sustayned so greuous iniuries vnreuenged departed w t euyl wil sayling therfore further toward y e south they foūd a naciō of great multitude of much gēteler cōdicions with whō thei remained .viij. daies bartering chāgeing ware w t thē Sayling on yet farther they wēt beyond y e line called Tropicus Capricorni where the south pole is eleuate .32 degrees wheras in those parts thei foūd no great riches they sailed yet further south ward vntill y ● pole was eleuate .lij. degrees where thei came into such a tempeste that they were enforsed to gather vppe theyr sayles and to rowe only with the maste directing theyr viage toward the costes of Ethiopia from whence they returned againe to Lisburne in Portugale ¶ The fourth viage of Vesputius THis nauigaciō was attempted in the yeare of Christ. M. ccccc iij. but was not brought to the ende hoped for by reason of a misfortune which chaunced in the goulfe of the sea Atlantike Vesputius entended in this viage to sayle to the Ilande of Melcha beyng in the East in which is sayde to be great ryches the stacion of restinge place of all shippes comming frō the goulfe Gangeticus from the