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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A61053	A prospect of the most famous parts of the vvorld Viz. Asia, 3 Affrica, 5 Europe, 7 America. 9 With these kingdomes therein contained. Grecia, 11 Roman Empire, 13 Germanie, 15 Bohemia, 17 France, 19 Belgia, 21 Spaine, 23 Italie, 25 Hungarie, 27 Denmarke, 29 Poland, 31 Persia, 33 Turkish Empire, 35 Kingdome of China, 37 Tartaria, 39 Sommer Ilands, 41 Civill Warres, in England, Wales, and Ireland. You shall find placed in the beginning of the second booke marked with these [3 asterisks in triangle formation] and (5) together with all the provinces, counties, and shires, contained in that large theator of Great Brittaines empire. / Performed by John Speed.	Speed, John, 1552?-1629.; Goos, Abraham,; Gryp, Dirck,; Speed, John, 1552?-1629. Theatre of the empire of Great Britaine.	1646 (1646)	Wing S4882A; ESTC R218797	522,101	219

that rightly is termed the Lady of the Sea spreds her saile Whence twice with luckie successe hath beene accomplished the compassing of the vniuersall Globe This Riuer Canutus laying siege against London sought by digging to diuert before him the Danes had done great harmes in the Citie yet was their State recouered by K. Elfred and the Riuer kept her old course notwithstanding that cost In the times of the Normans some ciuill broiles haue bin attempted in this City as in the dayes of K. Iohn whereinto his Barons entred and the Tower yeelded vnto Lewis And againe Wat Tiler herein cōmitted outragious cruelties but was worthily struck down by the Maior slain in Smithfield This Cities graduation for Latitude is the degree 51 45. min. and in Longitude 20. degrees 39. minutes 9 In this County at B●rnet vpon Easter day a bloudy battell was fought betwixt Henry 6. and Edward 4. wherein were slaine one Marques one Earle three Lords with them ten thousand English-men 10 The diuision of this Shire is into seuen Hundreds wherein are seated two Cities foure Market Townes seuenty three Parish-Churches besides them in London where in the Church of Gray-Fryers now called Christ-Church three Queenes lie interred which were Queene Margaret the D. of Philip the hardy King of France second wife to King Edward the first the second was Queene Isabel wife to King Edward the second and D. to Philip the faire King of France and the third was Queene Ioan their daughter maried to Dauid King of Scotland MIDLE-SEX described WITH THE MOST FAMOUS Cities of LONDON and WESTMINSTER HVNDREDS in MIDDLESEX 1 Edmonton 2 Gore 3 Fynnesbury and Wenlaxebarn 4 Osulston 5 Elthorne 6 Istleworth 7 Spelthorne A Acton West Fynnesbury Acton East Fynnesbury Alperton G●re Ascott Elthorne Ash●forde Spelthorne Astleham Spelthorne B Baber bridge Spelthorne Fryarne Barnet Fynnesbury Bedfonte West Spelthorne Bedfonte East Spelthorne Bednall Greene Osulston Belsyfe Fynnesbury Bishops hall Osulston Blackwall Osulston Boston Elthorne Braineforde little Elthorne BRAINEFORD West Eltho Breakspeares Elthorne Brent Flu. Brentstore Gore Broken borowes Elthorne Bromesley Osulst. Brompton Fynnesb. Browswell Fynnesb. Burmfeild Edmont Burystreete Edmont C Canons Gore Canbury Fynnesb. Chalcot Fynnesb. Charlton Spelthorn Chelsey Fynnesb. Cheswicke Fynnesb. Childes hill Fynnesbury Clapton Osulston Clarkenwell Osulst. Colham Elthorne Colne Flu. Cony hatch Fynnesb. Coppermill Istleworth Coptehall Osulst. Cowley Elthorne Craneford Elthorne Craneford bridge Elthorne Cruch end Fynnesbury D Daleston hill Fynnesbury Dalis Gore Daneershill Edmont Deane wood Fynnesb. Dogges Isle Osulst. Dormans well Elthorne Dorsey sars Edmont Drayton West Elthorne Driuershill Gore Ducoates Edmont Durance Edmont Durhams Edmont E East end Fynnesb. EDGWARE Gore Edmonton Edmont Edmondstreete Edmont Elynge Fynnesb. Enfeild Edmont Enfeild chase Edmont Eueney farme Spelthor F Feltham Spelthor Feltham hill Spelthor Fincheley Fynnesb. The Fold Edmont Fryain Maner Fynnesb. Fryth Gore Fulham Fynnesbury G Greene hill Gore Greeneford Elthor. Greenestret Edmont Gunnetsbury Fynnes S. Gyles Fynnesb. H Hackney Osulst. Hadley Edmont Halwayes Fynnesb. Hamersinyth Finnesb Hampton Spelthorn Hampton Court Spelthorn Hampsteed Fynnesb. Hamsworth Elthor. Hanford Spelthor Hanworth Spelthorn Hangerwood Fynnesb. Hanwell Elthorn Harefeild Elthorn Harleston greene Fynnesb. Harlington Elthorn Harmondesworth Elthor. Harrow hill Gore Heayes Elthorn Hellingdon little Elthor. Hendon Gore Hendon house Gore Heston Istle Highwood Gore Highgate Fynnesb. Hillingdon little Elthor. Hillingdon great Elthor. Hockesdon Osulst. Hollick Fynnesb. Holly well streete Osulst. Hornesey Fynnesb. The Hospitall Fynnesb. Hunslow Istle Hyde Parke Fynnesb. I S. Iames Fynnesb. Ickenham Eltho●n I le of dogges Osulst. Islington Fynnesb. Istleworth Istle K S. Katherins Lon. Lib. Kensingeton Fynnesb. Kenton Gore Kenton Spelthor Kentishtowne Fynnesb. Kickesend Edmont Kingsland Osulst. Kingesbury Gore Kingston wike Spelt Knightsbridge Fynnesb. Kylborne Fynnesb. L Lal●ham Spelthorne Littleton Spelthorne Lodge hill Fynnesb. LONDON Ludgraues Edmont Lymehouse Osulst. M M●rybone Fynnesb. Mendon house Gore Merestrete Osulst. Milhill Gore Morehall Elthorn Morehatche Edmont Muckings Edmont Muswell hill Fynnesb. Myle end Osulst. Myms south Edmont N Northhall Lodge Elthorn Nefedon Fynnesb. Newhouse Spelth. Newington Stoke Fynnesb. Newington Fynnes Newington greene Fynnesb. Norcote E●thorne Northall Elthorne North end Fynnesb. Norton folgate Osu●st Norwood Elthorne O Oldeford Osu●st Osterley Elthorne P Padingwick Fynnesb. Padington Fynnesb. Pancras Fynnesb. Parsons greene Fynnesb. Perrinale Elthorne Pinnes Edmont Ponders end Edmont Popler Osulst. Potters barr Edmont Preston Gore Pynner Gore R Rateclyffe Osulst. Rimslippe Elthorn Roxoey Gore S Safforne hill Fynnesb. Sauthold Elthorn Shackerwell Osulst. Shepperton Spelth. Shorditch Osulst. Southmyns Edmont STANES Spelth. Stanmore great Gore Stanmore little Gore Stanner great Gore Stanschurch Spelth. Stanwell Spelth. Stepney Osulst. Strande Elthor. Stratford bow Osulst. Sudbury Gore Sunbury Spelthor Swaleys Elthorne Syon Elthorne Sypson Elthorne T Tottenham Edmont Tottenham streete Edmont Tottenham high-crosse Edmont Totten Court Fynnesb. Tuddington Spelth. Turnham greene Elthor. Twickenham Istle Twickenham Parke Istle Twyford East Fynnes Twyford West Gore V VXBRIDGE Elthor. Vxenden Gore W Wadhad greene Fynnesb. Waltham crosse Edmont Wapping Osulst. Weald Gore Wemley hill Gore Westborne Fynnesb. WESTMINSTER Westminster Citie Whetstone Fynnesb. Wewrsley Elthorn Whitton Istle Whitwebb Edmont Willesdon Fynnesb. Winchmorhill Edmont Woodhall Gore Worton Istle Wyerhill Edmont ESSEX by the Saxons written East-seaxa and East-sexscife by the Normans Exsessa and by the vulgar Essex is a Countie large in compasse very populous and nothing inferiour to the best of the Land 2 The forme thereof is somewhat circular excepting the East part which shooterh her self with many Promontories into the Sea and from Horsey Island to Haidon in the West the broadest part of the shire are by measure forty miles and the length from East-Ham upon Thamisis in the South to Surmere upon the River Stow in the North are thirtie miles the whole in circumference one hundred fortie six miles 3 It lyeth bounded upon the North with Suffolke and Cambridge-shires upon the West with Hertford and Middlesex upon the South by Thamisis is parted from Kent and the East side thereof is altogether washed with the German Sea 4 The aire is temperate and pleasant only towards the waters somwhat aguish the soil is rich and fruitfull though in some places sandy barren yet so that it never frustrates the Husbandmans hopes or fils not the hands of her Harvest-Labourers but in some part so fertile that after three yeers glebe of Saffron the land for 18. more will yeeld plenty of Barley without either dung or other fatning earth 5 Her ancient Inhabitants known to the Romans were by Caesar called the Trinobantes of whom in the former Chapter we have spoken and in our History shall speak more at large But this name perishing with the age of the Empire the Saxons presently framed a new and with Hertford and Middlesex made it their East-Saxons Kingdom untill that Egbert brought this and the whole into an entire and

Wales And upon what ground I know not let Lawyers dispute it the Inhabitants in some part of this Shire enjoy a private custome to this day that the goods and lands of Condemned Persons fall unto the Crown but only for a Yeare and a Day and then returne to the next Heyres contrary to the custome of all England besides 5 The generall Commodities of this Shire are Corne Iron and Wools all passing fine besides Pasturage Fruits and Woods which last are much lessened by making of Iron the only bane of Oke Elme and Beech. 6 These with all other provisions are traded thorow twenty five Market-Townes in this County whereof two are Cities of no small import The first is Glocester from whom the Shire taketh name seated upon Severne neere the middest of this Shire by Antonine the Emperour called Glevum built first by the Romans and set as it were upon the necke of the Silures to yoke them where their Legion called Colonia Glevum lay It hath been walled about excepting that part that is defended by the River the ruines whereof in many places appeare and some part yet standing doth well witnesse their strength This City was first won from the Britaine 's by Cheulin the first King of the West-Saxons about the yeare of Christ 570. and afterwards under the Mercians it flourished with great honour where Osrik King of Northumberland by the sufferance of Erhelred of Mercia founded a most stately Monastery of Nuns whereof Kineburgh Eadburgh and Eve Queenes of the Mercians were Prioresses successively each after other 7 Edelfled a most renowned Lady Sister to King Edward the elder in this City built a faire Church wherein her self was interred which being overthrowne by the Danes was afterwards rebuilt and made the Cathedrall of that See dedicated unto the honour of Saint Peter In this Church the unfortunate Prince King Edward the second under a Monument of Alablaster doth lye who being murdered at Barkley Castle by the cruelty of French Isabel his wife was there intombed And not far from him another Prince as unfortunate namely Robert Curthose the eldest sonne of William the Conquerour lyeth in a painted woodden Tombe in the middest of the Quire whose eyes were pluckt out in Cardiffe Castle wherein he was kept prisoner twenty six yeares with all contumelious indignities untill through extreame anguish he ended his life And before any of these in this City say our British Historians the body of Lucius our first Christian King was interred and before his dayes the Britaines Arviragus The graduation of this County I observe from this City whence the Pole is elevated in the degree of Latitude 52. and 14. minutes and in the Longitude from the West 18. and 5. minutes 8 The other City is Bristow faire but not very ancient built upon the Rivers Avon and Fro●me for trade of Merchandize a second London and for beauty and account next unto Yorke This City standeth partly in this County and partly in Sommerset-shire but being a County of it selfe will acknowledge subjection to neither 9 A City more ancient hath been Circester by Ptolemy called Cerinium by Antonine Durocornovium by Giraldus Passerum Vrbem The Sparrowes City upon a flying report that Gurmund a Tyrant from Africke besieging this City tyed fire unto the wings of Sparrowes who lighting in the Towne upon light matter set flame upon all The circuit of whose walls extended two miles about wherein the Consular Port or wayes of the Romans met and crossed each other This City was won from the Britaine 's by Cheulin first King of the West-Saxons afterwards it was possessed by the Mercians and lastly by the Danes under Gurmund the former no doubt mistaken for him wherein a rable of them kept the space of a yeare Anno 879. and never since inhabited according to the circuit of her walles 10 Places of memorable note are these the Iland Alney neere unto Glocester wherein Edmund Iron-side the English and Canutus the Dane after many battels and blood fought in single combat hand in hand alone untill they compounded for the Kingdomes partition Barkley Castle where King Edward the second was thorow his fundament run into his bowels with a red burning Spit Tewkesbury the fatall period of King Henry the sixt his government and the wound of the Lancastrian Cause for in a battell there fought in Anno 1471. Prince Edward the only son of King Henry had his braines dashed out in a most shamefull manner the Queen his Mother taken prisoner and most of their favourites slaine and beheaded And at Alderley a little Towne standing eight miles from the Severne upon the hilles to this day are found Cockles Periwinkles and Oysters of solid stone which whether they have been Shel-fish and living creatures or else the sports of Nature in her workes let the Naturall Philosophers dispute of and judge 11 The places of piety set apart from other worldly Services and dedicated to religious uses by the devotions of Princes erected in this Shire were Tewkesbury Deorhust Glocester Minching Barkley Kingswood Circester Winchcombe and Hales which last was built with great cost by Richard Earle of Cornwall King of the Romans wherein himselfe and his Dutchesse were interred Their son Earle Edmund brought out of Germany the blood of Hales supposed and said to be part of that which Christ shed upon his Crosse. In this place with great confluence and devotions of Pilgrimage it was sought to and worshipped till time proved it a meere counterfeit when the glorious light of the Gospell revealed to eye-sight such grosse Idolatries and the skirts of Superstition were turned up to the shew of her owne shame 12 Dukes and Earles that have borne the title of Glocester the first of every Family are by their Armes and Names within the Card expressed ever fatall to her Dukes though the greatest in blood and birth The first was Thomas Woodstocke son to King Edward the third who in Callis was smoothered in a Feather-bed to death The second was Humfrey brother to King Henry the fift by the fraudulent practise of the malignant Cardinall and Queen made away at Saint Edmundsbury And the last was Richard brother to King Edward the fourth who by the just hand of God was cut off in battell by King Henry the seventh 13 This Shires division is principally into foure parts subdivided into thirty Hundreds and them againe into two hundred and eighty Parish-Churches whose names are inserted in the Table upon the other part of this Card. GLOCESTERSHIRE contriued into thirty thre seuerall hundreds those againe in to foure principall deuisions The Citie of Glocester Bristow discribed with the armes of such noble men as haue bene dignified with the titlles of Earles Dukes therof HUNDREDS in Glocester-shire 1. BErkley 2. Grombaldashe 3. Langley and Swinshed 4. Thornebury 5. Henbury 6. Pockle-Church 7. Kings Barton 8.

one hundred thirty eight miles 3 The aire is passing good temperate and pleasant yeelding the body health the mind content The soile is rich fat and fruitfull giving abundance of Corn Grasse and Marle It is chiefly divided into two parts by the Chilterne hills which run thorow this Shire in the middest and before time were so pestered with Beech that they were altogether unpassable and became a receptacle and refuge for theeves who daily endammaged the way-faring man for which cause Leostan Abbot of Saint Albans caused them to be cut down since when those parts are passable without any great incumbrances of trees from whose tops a large and most pleasing prospect is seene The Vale beneath is plaine and champion a clayie soyle stiffe and rough but withall marvellous fruitfull naked of Woods but abounding in meadows pastures and tillage and maintaining an infinite number of sheepe whose soft and fine fleeces are in great esteem with the Turkes as farre as Asia 4 The ancient Inhabitants that were seated in this Shire were the Cattieuchlani mentioned by Ptolemie and then dispersed through the Tract of Bedford Hertfort and this These yeelded themselves with the first to Caesar under the Romanes subjection whose over-worne Empire ending in Britaine the Saxons by strong hand attained this Province and made it a part of their Mercian Kingdome yet was it first subdued unto them by Cherdike the West-Saxon whose memory is in part continued in the Towne Chersey upon the West of this Countie where in a sharpe and bloudy battle he was victor over the Britaines So also Cuthwulfe a West-Saxon at Alesberie in the yeere of Grace 592. overcame the Britaines and bare downe all things before him yet no sooner was their Heptarchie wained and their Monarchie able to stand alone but that the Danes before their strength and growth was confirmed waxed upon them and they not able in so weake a hand to hold fast that weight of greatnesse they had so grasped gave place to their Conquerours who did many harmes in this Province for in the yeere 914. the Danes furiously raged as farre as Brenwood where they destroyed the Citie Burgh the ancient seat of the Romanes afterwards a royall house of King Edward the Confessor which they utterly destroyed 5 The Shire-town Buckingham fruitfully seated upon the River Ouse was fortified with a Rampire and sconses on both bankes by K. Edward the elder saith Marianus the Scotish Writer where in the heart of the Town hath stood a strong castle mounted upon an high hill which long since was brought to the period of her estate now nothing remaining besides the signes that there she had stood The River circulates this Town on every side that only on the North excepted over which three faire stone-bridges lead and into which the springs of a Well run called S. Rumalds a child-saint borne at Kings Sutton canonized and in the Church of this Towne enshrined with many conceited miracles and cures such was the hap of those times to produce Saints of all ages and sexes This Town is governed by a Bailiffe and twelve principall Burgesses and is in the degree removed from the first point of the West for Longitude 19.33 scruples and the North-pole elevated in Latitude for the degree of 52.18 scruples 6 A Town of ancienter note is Stony-Stretford the Romans Lactorodū being built upon that ancient Causey-way which is called Watling street where remain the markes thereof even unto this day At this place Edward the elder stopped the passage of the Danes whiles he strengthned Torcester against them and herein King Edward the eldest since the Conquest reared a beautifull Crosse in memory of Eleanor his dead Queen as he did in every place where her Corps rested from Herdby in Lincolne-shire till it was received and buried at Westminster 7 Places intended for Gods true worship built by devout persons and sequestred from worldly imployments were at Launden Luffeld Bidlesden Bradwell Nothey Ankerne Missenden Tekeford Partrendune Ashbridge Alesbury Ashbridge in great repute for the blood supposed out of Christs sides brought out of Germany by Henry the eldest sonne of Richard King of the Romans and Earle of Cornwall whereunto resorted great concourse of people for devotion and adoration thereof But when the Sun-shine of the Gospel had pierced thorow such clouds of darkenesse it was perceived apparently to be onely hony clarified and coloured with Saffron as was openly shewed at Pauls Crosse by the Bishop of Rochester the twenty foure of Februarie and yeere of Christ 1538. And Alesbury for the holines of S. Edith was much frequented who having this Town allotted for her Dowrie bad the world and her husband farewell in taking upon her the veile of devotion and in that fruitfull age of Saints became greatly renowned even as farre as to the working of miracles These all in the stormes rage of the times suffred such shipwrack that from those turmoiled Seas their Merchandize light in the right of such Lords as made them their owne for wreacks indeed 8 With foure Castles this Shire hath beene strengthned and thorow eleven Market Towns her Commodities traded being divided for service to the Crowne and State into eight Hundreds and in them are seated one hundred fourescore and five Parish-Churches as in the Table annexed Alphabetically are expressed BUCKINGHAM Both Shyre and Shire towne describ ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Buckingham-shire HVNDREDS in Buckingham-shire 1. NEwport 2. Buckingham 3. Collstowe 4. Ashenden 5. Alesbury 6. Disburrough 7. Burnham 8. Stocke A Achenborow Buc. Ackeley Buck. Addington Buck. Adstocke Buck. AGMONDSHAM Bu. AYLESBVRY A. Vale of Aylesbury Ales. Apstone Dis. Ascott Coll. Ashridge Coll. Ashendon Ash. Aston clinton Ales. Aston abbotts Coll. Cold Aston Ales. Astwood New Aunslop New B Barton Buck. Beach hampton Bu. BEACONFIELD Burn. Bearton Ales. Bernwood forest A. Bidlesden Buck. Blechley New Bledlow Ales. Boreney Bur. Boreton Buck. Bostall Ash. Cold Bradfield New Bradnam Dis. Bradnam parke Dis. Bradwell New Brickhill little New Brickhill great New Bowe Brickhill New Brill Ashen Broughton Ales. Broughton New BVCKINGHAM Buc. Buckland Ales. Burnham Burn. East Burnham Burn. Burston Coll. C Calverton New Caldecott New Castlethorpe New Caveley Buck. Caversfeild Buck. Chalfont S. Peters Burn. Chalfont S. Gyles Burn. Chalwey Stock Checkmore Buck. Chechely New Cheddington Coll. Chepping wickcomb Dis. Chepping wickcomb florens Dis. Cherslie Ash. Chesham Burn. Chesham boyes Burn. Cheyneyes Burn. Chilton Ash. Chitwood Buck. Cholesbury Ales. Choldesbury Coll. Claydon middle Ash. Steeple Claydon Buck. Claydon East Ash. Clifton raines New Colbrocke in horton Stock COLBROCKE in LANGLEY S. Cold-aston Ales. Crandon Ash. North Crowly New Cublington Coll. Cuddenton Ales. D Datchet Stock Denham Stock Dorney Burn. Dorton Ash. Drayton beauchampe Coll. Drayton parslowe Coll. Dunton Coll.

A PROSPECT OF THE MOST FAMOUS Parts of the World VIZ. ASIA 3 AFFRICA 5 EVROPE 7 AMERICA 9 WITH These Kingdomes therein contained Grecia 11 Roman Empire 13 Germanie 15 Bohemia 17 France 19 Belgia 21 Spaine 23 Italie 25 Hungarie 27 Denmarke 29 Poland 31 Persia 33 Turkish Empire 35 Kingdome of China 37 Tartaria 39 Sommer Ilands 41 Civill Warres in England Wales and Ireland You shall find placed in the beginning of the second Book marked with these *** and 5 TOGETHER VVith all the Provinces Counties and Shires contained in that large THEATOR of Great BRITTAINES Empire Performed BY JOHN SPEED LONDON Printed by Iohn Legatt for William Humble and are to be sold at his Shop in Popes-head Pallace 1646. ¶ The generall Description of the World HEaven was too long a reach for man to recover at one steppe And therefore God first placed him upon the earth that he might for a time contemplate upon his inferiour workes magnifie in them his Creator and receive here a hope of a fuller blisse which by degrees he should at last enjoy in his place of rest For this end was the lower world created in the beginning out of a rude masse which before had no forme And that it might be made habitable the Lord separated the dry land from the waters upon the third day Yet so as still they make but one Globe whose Center is the same with the middle world and is the point and rest as it were of all heavie bodies which naturally apply themselves to it and there are supported by their owne weight and equall poyze 2 It hath seemed incredible to such as measure the wonders of God by mans wisdome that this massie part of the world should subsist by it selfe not borne up by any outward prop incompast onely with subtile and fleeting ayre such as can neither helpe to sustaine nor resist the fall could the earth be moved from her due place But the wonder will cease if we remember that the Lord sitteth upon the circle of the earth Isa. 40. He set it upon her foundations so that it shall never move He covered it with the deepe as with a Garment The waters would stand above the mountains but at his rebuke they fled Yet he set them a bound which they should not passe Psal. 104. 3 Thus ordered by divine providence the Earth and Sea compose themselves into a Sphericall figure as is here described And is caused by the proper inclination of each part which being heavie fals from every point of the circumference and claps about the center there settles as neer as it may towards his place of rest We may illustrate both the figure and situation by a familiar similitude to an ingenious apprehension Suppose we a knot to be knit in the midst of a cord that hath many ends and those to be delivered to sundry men of equall strength to be drawne severall waies round from every part above and below and on each side questionlesse whilest every man drawes in the boes of the knots it must needs become round and whilst they continue to pluck with equall strength it must rest immoveable in the middle betwixt them since every strength that would destroy hath a strength equall to resist it So it is in the bosome of the earth where every part meets upon equall priviledges of nature nor can any passe farther then the center to destroy this compacted figure for it must meet there with a body that will oppose it Or if not yet could it not passe since every motion from the middle were to ascend which Nature will not permit in a body of weight as the earth is 4 Now though in a Sphere every crosse line which way soever drawne if it runne through the middle must needs be of equall quantity and therefore admits no difference of length or b●edth yet the Geographers for their purpose have conceived and but conceived a Longitude and Latitude upon the earth The Longitude they reckon from the first Meridian in the Azores and so Eastward round number the degrees upon the Aequator The Latitude from the Aequator to each Pole and number the degrees upon the outward Meridionall circle This inkling may suffice to instruct the ignorant in the search of any place that shall be hereafter mentioned in my Discourse 5 The compasse of the whole is cast by our latest and most learned to be 216000. English miles which though none ever yet so paced as to measure them by the foote yet let not the ignorant reject this account since the rule by which they are led cannot faile For we see by continuall experience that the Sunne for every degree in the Heavens gaines sixtie miles upon earth towards his circuit round and after 360. degrees returneth to the same point in respect of us as before it was Repeat the number of sixtie so oft and you will finde the account just And so by proportion of the Circumference to the Diameter which is triplu sesqui septima the same which 22. hath to 7. we may judge like wise of the earths thicknesse to the Center The whole Diameter must by rule be somewhat lesser then a third part of the circle that in proportion to 216000. will be 6872. halfe the number will reach the middle of the world and that is 3436. In this report both of the quantitie and forme of the earth we must not require such exactnesse as cannot vary a hairs bredth for we see that the mountains of the earth and often times the waves of the Sea make the superficies unequall It will be sufficient if there be no difference sensible to be reckoned in so great a balke For let us rudely hew a ball out of a rough stone still it is a ball though not so smooth as one of Crystall Or suffer a mote to fall upon a Sphaere of glasse it changeth not its figure farre lesse are the mountaines which we see in respect of the whole lumpe For other rules or termes Geographicall I referre thee to a peculiar tract that will afford me more roome and time 6 When the earth and sea were thus prepared with a due figure a just quantitie and convenient seate both in respect of the heavens and themselves Nature began at command of the most High to use her art and to make it a fit dwelling place for the image of God for so was man created and so indeed was the earth no other then the picture of heaven The ground brought forth her plants and fruits the skies were filled with the fowle of the ayre the waters yeelded their fish and the field their cattle No sooner his house was thus furnisht but man enters upon his possessions the sixth day And that shall be our tract to find out the worlds first Inhabitants where it was peopled in the beginning and how it was over-spread with Countries and Nations as now it is 7 In the first age there was little need of

they were so long since knowne I must doubt For the bestowing of Iocktan and his sonnes it was toward the East from Mesha to Sephar but where those are Saint Ierome confesseth himselfe at a stand And for my part I will travell no farther in these hidden mysteries then I find a path beaten before me 16 This may satisfie the ingenuous that I have as farre as I might in this little roome tract the first Nations from their first Founders which they had in the beginning But to draw the direct line of every people mixt as now they are I thinke a worke impossible To me I am sure it is For besides our severall translation and promiscuous commerce that puzzle us in the knowledge of our selves we have of late found and as yet are in search of a new people that know not their owne originall nor have we any meanes to examine it but conjecturall such as may faile To Moses time the Scripture affordeth us a certain truth for as many as he mentioneth And since we have some light from such as have laboured in the search of Antiquities The families as Iosephus gives time are truly and curiously brancht forth and placed among the Genealogies before our Bible of the last translation 17 Thus farre it was requisite we should know at large the growth of the world from the beginning and how the whole earth which at first knew but one Land-Lord hath beene since rent into severall parcels which Kings and Nations call their owne and maintain their claime by force of Armes This little compasse will not admit a more particular Relation of their affaires For that I must referre my Reader to their Historians and now descend to the Geographicall description and division of the world as in after ages it was found by our first Artists and hath beene since more at large discovered by the experience of our later travell●urs 18 And in this we may full observe our 〈◊〉 For questionlesse by the same degrees almost as it was inhabited so it grew into the knowledge of our ancient Geographers And therefore our first Authours in this Science bounded their descriptions within a lesse compasse and divided the world into those three parts onely which you see lye closest about the point of the earth where the first men first Religion first Citie first Empire and first Arts were For in Ptolemyes time about an hundred and fortie years after Christ we heare not of either Land or Sea knowne more then was contained in Asia Africa and Europe 19 And of that he never knew the East and North parts of Asia nor the South of Africa no nor the most Northerly parts of Europe but placed the end of the world that way in ultima Thule about sixtie three degrees from the Aequator And Southward the other way not above 17. degrees in Prosso perm●torio which at this day is called Mosambique Kicks So the whole Latitude of the world then knowne did not reach the fourth part of the Compasse In the Longitude indeed they came not so farre short yet left they just halfe to the search of their posteritie For they placed their first Meridian in the Fortunate Islands and ended their reckoning in Region Sinarum of the Easterne Indies and that is distant but 180. degrees toward the 260. which is the compasse of the whole 20 But God in these latter times hath inlarged our possessions that his Gospel might be propagated and hath discovered to us Inhabitants almost in every corner of the earth Our latter Geographers have set their marke beyond Ptolemies 60. degrees Eastward And West-ward to the utmost parts of America So that there are already knowne 340. of the earths Longitude Toward the North Pole we have gained more in proportion as farre as Nova z●mbla and the sea is knowne to be navigable to the eight first degrees Whether the rest be Land or not it never yet appeared to any as I heare of but an Oxford Frier by a magique voyage He reports of a black rock just under the Pole and an Isle of Pygmies other strange miracles to which for my part I shall give little credit till I have better proofe for it then the Devils word Now of all the Southerne course is most unknowne and yet Art hath not beene idle nor altogether lost it selfe in the search it hath discovered Countries about the 52. degree toward the Pole but so uncertainly that it may well yet keep her name of Terra incong●ita 21 Admirable was the wit of that man that first found out the vertue of the Loadstone and taught thus to apply it in the Art of Navigation And indeed the industry of them is much to be honoured that have since ventured both their meanes and persons upon dangerous attempts in the discoveries of people and Nations that knew not God nor had apparant meanes for their redemption without his helpe Among these though the Genoa Spaniard and Portugall carry the first name we have noble sp●rits of our owne Nation not to be ranked in the last place Stupenda fuit revera industria Anglorum saith Keckerman And indeed we may justly enough requite him with his owne Elogie The Dutch too have done their parts to joyne a new world to the old 22 To us it may be well called a new World for it comprehends in it two Continents either of them larger then two parts of the other are The one is that Westerne Hemisphere that beares the name America from Americus Vesputius but was indeed discovered seven yeares before he knew it by Christopherus Columbus in the yeare 1492. And the other is the Terra Magellanica seated above the South Pole and first found by Ferdinand Magellanus some twenty yeares after or thereabout and is thought to be greater then the whole earth besides Hitherto it is but conjecturall and some few Provinces have been rather described then knowne You shall find them named in their severall Regions upon the Sea-coasts Nova Guinea Terra del Feugo Psittacorum regio Lucach Beach and Maletur 23 With these additions the world by some is divided into sixe parts Europe Asia Africa America Septentrionalis Incognita and Terra Australis Magellanica which are thus disposed in the Globe of the earth Asia in the Easterne Hemisphaere And being the first part which was inhabited shall be the point unto which I will direct the rest part on the West and part on the South is Africa scituated on the North and West Europe more toward the West America utraque full North Septentrionalis incognita and full South the Terra Magellanica 24 Those we will reduce in our method to the foure common parts which generally passe in our descriptions of the world Europe Asia Africa America utraque in this last include the Terra Septentrionalis and Magellanica as others have before done and allow it not a severall part by it selfe in regard that little can be reported of those Countries but what

Flanders though but a single Province in this Belgia yet of that esteeme as the whole Countrey bears her name and may indeed well enough upon the same reason as she took it up For as the most will it had its Etymon à flatibus fluctibúsque quibus tota haec obnoxia est regio 5 For on the North it is bounded with a part of the great Sea and on the West with the maine Ocean On the East with the Rivers Rhene and Mosa and on the South with Loraigne Campaigne and Picardie parts of the Kingdome of France It is accounted to be in circuit 1000. Italian miles no Countrey abounds more with Lakes Pooles and Rivers of great note The principall are Rhene Mosa and Scaldis 16. others are specially named by Maginus and more intimated which afford them great store of fish as well for their owne use as supply for traffique to other Nations 6 Yet by reason of her watery situation it must needs be that the aire is exceeding moyst and therefore unwholesome but not so as heretofore For the multitude of Inhabitants and those wonderfully industrious have laboured out many of her marishes and drawne their Pooles into running channels and by this means fewer vapours arise in so much that now the Natives at last may very well agree with the temper which as Maginus gives it incolarū sanitati nec non digestioni conducit Their Summer is pleasant not extreme hot nor abounds it with such troublesome flies and gnats as ours doth There is seldome any thunder heard or lightning seene or earth-quake felt The reason is the same for all The Winter is not altogether so tolerable but brings with it bleake windes and much raine Yet betwixt both the Countrey is moderately fertile yeelds Corne and fruit in some places more and in some lesse very few Grapes and those make but a hard Wine no store of Mines and yet they are as rich as those which have 7 For the people are very thrifty painfull and ingenious in the invention of many pretty things which draw many other Nations to them for Traffique and they lie as sit for it having free accesse by Sea to and from all the chiefe parts as of Europe so also Asia Africa and America and are as skilfull to trace the Seas at pleasure The have the name for the first Authors of the Compasse Clock and Printing They are excellent Artificers for working of pictures in glasse for laying colours in Oyle for Tapestry and other hangings in briefe for any Oeconomicall commoditie either for use or ornament and in their owne private Families excell any other people The men are of a goodly presence of a cold or at least no cholerick temper They neither love nor hate any extreamely but will soone forget both a good turne and they say an injury They are not very open or easie of beliefe not apt to be deceived Not very proud nor exceeding base Not much given to Venus but more to Bacchus especially when he presents himselfe upon an English Beere-Barrell For they will hardly make a bargaine before they be well whetted This is their common Character but for the best part of it we have found it farre other as in their commerce with us in the East Indies we have found whereby their extreame dealings with our Nation they have made knowne their unthankefulnesse for the many benefits our English hath shewed them But I returne to their better qualities Their women are faire somewhat bold and free in their carriage but yet sober and honest excellent housewives and in some places traffique abroad while their men play the Cotqueans at home 8 As in their other businesse so in their studies they are very laborious and indeed trouble the world with writing more then they have thanks for as if they had a right since they were the inventers of the Presse to use it at pleasure for so they doe And send forth every cōmon exercise performed by their boyes towards a degree with a clutter of tedious Anagrams prefixed But yet it hath heretofore bred many excellent men in their faculties Iustus Lipsius Erasmus Rodulphus Agricola Ortelius Mercator And at this day how many others good members of the Reformed Church within compasse of the States government The rest which are under the Arch-Duke must appeare Romane Catholikes In divers parts of Belgia the Christian Religion was planted by Wilbrod an English man 9 The last qualitie required in a Nation of esteeme as they are is valour And indeed I may well place it last For so it grew upon them since the long warre which they have had w●th the Arch duke Before they lived for the most part in peace and as they had but little use of Chivalry so they had as little heart to it but were counted a heavy dull people To say truth they have hardly yet recovered that censure for in the managing of their Land-fights especially they are content enough to give way to other Nations and will hardly second them in any dangerous attempt The English have both acted and suffered their parts in the behalfe of the Low-Countries and that me thinkes might have beene remembred in the midst of their tyrannicall usage of our Merchants 10 These Netherlands toward our latter times were divided into 17. Provinces whereof the most part had severall Rites and Governours foure Dukedomes seven Earledomes five Baronies and one Marquiship But by the mixt marriages of the heires to the sundry Titles the whole at last fell upon one was made an entire Government and knowne by the name of the Dukedome of Burgundie Yet still doth each Province retaine her proper Laws libertie of Religion and other Customes which their Rulers in succession were sworne to maintaine for their parts and the people againe for their securitie had this maine prerogative left them from the beginning that if their Prince should at any time attempt the contrary they might after Declaration proceed to the choyce of a new Governour These Conditions confirmed it continued for a while peacefully and by marriage with Mary Heire and last of the house of Burgundie it fell to Maximilian of Austria Emperour of the Germans And his Successour Philip matching in the like sort with Ioan heire to the Kingdome of Spaine joyned both together in his eldest sonne Charles the fift who by the Mother was intituled to Spaine and by his Father to Burgundy or Netherlands as for Austria it passed to another brother Thus came it subject to the King of Spaine And while yet the Emperour enjoyed it they felt no misery of civill wars among themselves When he left it he commanded this charge withall to his sonne Philip the second that he should intreat the Low-Countries well But this he either forgot or neglected and taking it in foule scorne to be so curbed by the conditions of his Predecessors began first with a pretence to Religion and at last embroyled them in a bloudy warre

then the former Robert was both of them in like degree of dishonourable course of life though of different issue at their deaths the one dying penitent and of devout esteeme the other leaving the stench of Tyrannie to all following ages who from this City setting forth in one day with great pomp and in battell aray to keep the Crowne sure upon his owne Helmet in a sore fought field yeelded both it and his life unto the head and hands of Henry of Richmond his Conquerour and the next day was brought back like a Hogge naked and torne and with contempt without tears obscurely buried in the Gray-Friers of this City whose suppression hath suppressed the plot-place of his grave and only the stone-chest wherein he was laid a drinking trough now for horses in a common Inne retaineth the memory of that great Monarchs Funerall and so did a stone in the Church and Chappell of S. Maries inclose the corps of the proud and pontificall Cardinall Wolsey who had prepared for himselfe as was said a far more richer Monument 7 Other places worthy of remembrance in this Shire were these In the West where a high crosse was erected in former times stood the faire Citie Cleycester the Romans BENONNES where their Legions lay and where their two principall wayes crossed each other as the Inhabitants report Loughborow in the North-verge which the Saxons called Leizanburge was as Marianus affirmeth taken from the Britaine 's by Cuthwolfe their King about the yeere of Christ 572. At Redmore neere Bosworth West-ward in this Countie the Kingdom of England lay in hazard of one Battell when King Richards Field was fought where the land at once was freed from a Tyrant and a wicked Vsurper Neither may we passe Lutterworth as the least in account where the famous Iohn Wickliffe Englands Morning star dispersed the clouds of all Papisticall darknesse by preaching the Gospell in that his charge and stile of his pen so piercing in power that the man of Sinne ever since hath beene better known to the world 8 Religious houses by Princes erected and by them devoted to God and his service the chiefest in this Shire were at Leicester Grace-Dieu Keirkby-Bellers and at Burton a Spittle for Lazers a disease then newly approached in this Land for the erection whereof a common contribution was gathered thorow the Realm the Patients in this place were not so much deformed in skin as the other were in the defects for the soule whose skirts being turned up to the sight of the world their shames were discovered and those houses dissolved that had long maintained such Idolatrous sinnes 9 This Shires division is into six Hundreds and in them are seated twelve Market Towns for commerce and containeth in her circuit two hundred Parish-Churches whose names with others are in the Table following to this Chapter belonging LEICESTER both Countye and Citie described The Honorable Famylies that have had the titles of Earls thereof With other accidents therein observed HVNDREDS in Leicester-shire 1. West-Goscote 2. Sparkingho 3. Goodlaxton 4. Gartrey 5. East Goscote 6. Framland A Abbey gate West Affordbie east Ailston good Allexton east Altongrange west Anker Flu. Ansty West Appleby little spark Appleby great spark Apekettelbie Fram Arnesbye Good ASHBYE de la Zouch west Ashbye folvile east Ashbye little good Ashbye great good Aston slamvill spar Atterton spar B Bagrave gart Bagworth pakre spar Bagworth spar Barbythorpe east Baresby east Bardon hill west Barkebie east Barkston fram Barlston spar Barn parke spar Barrow upon Zoram east Barton spar Barwell spar Beebie east Belgrave east Belton west Bensford bridge good Bew maner west Billesdon gart Bilston spar Bitteswell good Blabye good Blackbrooke flu Blangherby west Blason gart Boresworth husband gart Borhisson spar BOSWORTH spark Botisford fram Bowden great gart Bradgate west Bradley gart Brantingthorpe good Brantingthorpe Westcotts spar Braunston fram Braunston spar Braughton nether fram Bredon on the hill west Brenkinsthorpe spar Brentingby fram Bringhurst gart Brokesbie east B●oughton Ashley good Buckminster fram Burbage spar Burley parke west Burrow gart Burstall west Burton layers fram Burton upon ol●s east Burton overy gart Bushbye gart C Candwell east Carleton spar Carlton Curlew gart Cathorpe gart Charley west Chamwood forest west Cawdwell fram Clawson long fram Cleybrooke good Colderton east Collerton west Cosbye good Coson fram Cossington east Counston spar Countesthorpe good Cottesboche good Cotes east Cotton spar Cranoe gart Crawston east Crofee spar Cropston west Croston South east Croxton Kerriall fram D Dadlington spar Dalbye little fram Dalbie Iacombe east Dalbye wood east Dalbie upon Olds east Deane flu Desforde spar Dishley grange west Drayton spar Drayton gart Dunton Basset good Dunington spar DVNINGTON CASTLE west Dyseworth west E Eaton fram Eastwell fram Easton gart Edmondthorpe fram Eie flu Eie Kettleby fram Elmesthorpe spar Elston good Enderby spar Engarsby gart Erdisborowe gart Erlshilton spar Evington gart F Fleckney gart Foston good Foxton gart Freabie fram Frisbye gart Frisbye upon Wreake east Frolesworth good G Gaddesby east Gadebye spar Galbye gart Garenton west Garthorpe fram Gillmorton good Glenfeild spar Glenn great gart Glenn little good Glowston gart Goadbie fram Goadbye gart Goldsmiths grange fram Grace dieu west Grimston east Groobye spar Gumley gart H Hachton fram HALLATON gar HARBOROW gart Harbye fram Harston fram Hatherne west Hawlstead east Heather spar Hemington west Higham spar High crosse good Hinckley bond spar HINCKLYE spar Hobie east Hoes fram Hogges Norton spar Holt gart Hollwell fram Horninghold gart Horsepoole grange spar Horsepoole spar Hoose fram Hoton east Houghton gart Hucklescott spar Humberstone east Huncott spar Hungerton east I Ibstoke spar Illeston gart Ingersbye gart Isbye Walton K Katthorpe good Keham east Kemington south east Kerbey muchese spar Ketworth west Kibworth Beacham gart Kilbye good Kilworth north good Kilworth harcott gart Kimcote good Kirby bellers fram Kirbey mallary spar Knaptost good Knaveston gart Knighton good Knighsthorpe west Knipton fram Knosson gart L Lungley west Church Langton gart Thorpe Lanckton gart Lancton east gart Lancton west gart Laund east Lawghton gart Leicester Forest spar Leesthorpe fram LEICESTER east Leicester Abbey west Leire good Lindley spar Littlethorpe good LITTERWORTH go Lockington west Loddington east LONGBOROW west Loseby east Lubenham gart Lubsthorpe spar M Marfeild South gart Markefeild spar Marston potters spar Medburne gart MELTON Mowbray fram Merill grange west Misterton good Morebarne spar MOVNTSORRELL west Mowsely gart Musson fram N Naneby spar Nelston spar Newbold verdon spar Newbold west Newbold gart Newton west Newton harcourt gart Newton burcott gart Newton cold east Newton nethercote spar Newtowne spar Norborow spar Normanton fram Normanton spar Normanton on the health spar Norton gart Norton East east Nosely gart O Oddeston spar Odeby good Orton upon the Mount spar Osberston spar Osgathorpe west Overton cold fram Overton sausye west Oweston gart P The great Parke west Peatling little

La. Tost Bell. Tost Walsh Tothill Cal. Totney Brod. The Tower Gart. Towes Walsh Toynton Bull. Trent Flu. Tumbey Horn. Thurleby Cal. Turrington East Wrag Terrington West Wrag Tu●ham Gart. Tylney Lang. V Vanby Abbey Bel. Vffington Nosse Vlsebye Y ar Vlsebye Cal. Vpton Well Vsselbye Walsh Vtterby Lud. W Waddingham Man Waddington Booth Waddington Linc. Waddingworth Gar. Wailesbye Well WAINFLEET Can. Waithe Brod. Walcotts Man Walcott Lang. Walcott Avel Waldram hall Nos Wallton Wive Walshcrost Walsh Waltuth Cor. Waltting Cor. Waltham Brod. Waplade drove P●r. Wapton W●v● Warton Cor. Washenburgh Lan. Water Willowby Avel Welbourne Booth Welbye Wive Well Cal. Wellane Flu. Wellinghore Booth Welton Can. Welton Law Welton Louth Wostborough Louth Westby Bel. Weston Ellow Westwood Man Whapledd Ellow Whiconbye Wrag Whitton Man Whystye Booth Wiberton rode Kirt Wickham Ellow Wigtost Kirt Wikam Wrag Wikkenbye Wrag Wilberton Kirt Wildmore sen Horn. Wildsworth Cor. Willingham south Wrag Willingham north Wals. Willingham Asla Willingham Well Willisforth Wive Willoughby Cal. Willowby Love Willowby Asw. Willsby Horn. Wilsthorpe Nosse Winceby Hill Wingsby Bulling Winthorpe Cand. Wintringham Man Wintrington Man Wispington Gar. Witham north Bel. Witham south Bel. Witham Bel. Witham Flu. Withcall Louth Witherne Cal. Witlingham Law Woodhall Gar. Woodthorpe Cal. VVollstrope Gran. VVorke Man VVorlaby Y ar VVotron Y ar VVowld Newton Brod. VVragholme Lud. VVrangle Skir. VVragby Wrag VVraubie Y ar VVrighthold Avel VVyllyton Asla VVylsthorp Noss VVyngall Walsh VVysham Lud. VVytham Bel. Y Yarburgh Louth NOTTINGHAM-SHIRE CHAPTER XXXIII NOTTINGHAM-SHIRE from Nottingham her chiefest Town hath the name and that somewhat softned from the Saxons Snoddengaham for the many Dens or Caves wrought in her Rocks and under-ground lyeth bordered upon the North and North-west with York-shire upon the East a good distance by Trent is parred from and with Lincoln-shire altogether confined the South with Leicester-shire and the West by the River Erwash is separated from Darby-shire 2 For forme long and Ovall-wise doubling in length twice her bredth whose extreames are thus extended and distance observed From Finingley North to Steanford in the South are thirty eight English miles her West part from Teversall to Besthorp in the East are little more then nineteene whose circumference draweth much upon one hundred and ten miles 3 The Aire is good wholesome and delectable the Soile is rich sandy and clayie as by the names of that Counties divisions may appeare and surely for Corne and Grasse so fruitfull that it secondeth any other in the Realme and for Water Woods and Canell Coales abundantly stored 4 Therein groweth a Stone softer then Alablaster but being burnt maketh a plaister harder then that of Paris wherewith they floore their upper roomes for betwixt the Joysts they lay onely long Bulrushes and thereon spread this Plaister which being throughly dry becomes most solide and hard so that it seemeh rather to be firme stone then mortar and is trod upon without all danger In the West neere Worksop groweth plentie of Liquorice very delicious and good 5 More South in this Shire at Stoke in the Raigne of King Henry the seventh a great battle was fought by Iohn De-la-pole Earle of Lincoln which Richard the Usurper had declared his Heire apparant but Richard losing his life and De-la-pole his hopes in seeking here to set up a Lambert fell downe himself and at Newarke after many troubles King Iohn got his peace with the end of his life 6 Trade and commerce for the Countries provision is frequented in eight Market-Towns in this Shire whereof Nottingham is both the greatest and best a Town seated most pleasant and delicate upon a high hill for buildings stately and number of faire streets surpassing and surmounting many other Cities and for a spacious and most faire Market place doth compare with the best Many strange Vaults hewed out of the rocks in this Towne are seene and those under the Castle of an especiall note one for the Story of Christs Passion engraven in the Walls and cut by the hand of David the second King of Scots whilest he was therein detained prisoner Another wherein Lord Mortimer was surprised in the non-age of King Edward the third ever since bearing the name of Mortimers Hole these have their staires and severall roomes made artificially even out of the Rocks as also in that hill are dwelling houses with winding staires windows chimneys and roome above roome wrought all out of the solide Rocke The Castle is strong and was kept by the Danes against Burthred Ethelred and Elfred the Mercian and West-Saxon Kings who together laid their siege against it and for the further strength of the Towne King Edward surnamed the Elder walled it about whereof some part as yet remaines from the Castle to the West-gate and thence the foundation may be perceived to the North where in the midst of the way ranging with this banke stands a gate of Stone and the same tract passing along the North part may well be perceived the rest to the River and thence to the Castle are built upon and thereby buried from sight whose circuit as I tooke it extendeth two thousand one hundred and twentie pases 7 In the warres betwixt Stephen and Maud the Empresse by Robert Earle of Glocester these Walles were cast down when also the Towne it selfe suffered the calamitie of fire but recovered to her former estate hath since increased in beauty and wealth and at this day is governed by a Maior and sixe Aldermen clad in skarlet two Sheriffs two Chamberlains a Town-clerke and six Sergeants with Maces their attenders whose position hath the pole elevated fiftie three degrees 25. minutes in Latitude and hath the Meridian nine degrees and 25. minutes This town hath been honored by these Princes titles and these Princes dignified with the Earldom of Nottingham whose severall Armes in the Card it selfe is inserted to sight Religious houses that have been erected and now suppressed in the compasse of this County chiefly were Newsted Lenton Shelford Southwell Thurgarton Blith Welbeck and Radford in Nottingham the White and Gray Fryers besides a little Chappell dedicated to S. Iohn All which shew the devotions of those former times which their remembrance may move if not condemn us that have more knowledge but farre lesse pietie The Shires division is principally into two which the Inhabitants terme the Sand and the Clay but for Taxe to the Crowne or service for State is parted into eight Wapentakes or Hundreds wherein are seated 168. Parish-Churches THE COUNTIE OF NOTTINGHAM described THE SHIRE TOWNES SITUATION AND THE EARLS THERE OF observed 1. BAssetlawe Wapen 2. Northclay Divis. 3. Southclay Division 4. Newarke Wapentake 5. Broxtow Wapentake 6. Thurgarton Wapent 7. Bingham Wapentake 8. Rushcliffe Wapentake A Akering Southclay Akley Basset Allerton Basset S. Ambrose Bing Ampton Southclay Ansley Brox. Ansley woodhouse Brox. Arnold Brox. Ashfeild Brox. Askam Southclay Astakton

of Heliogabalus and of Sall. Barbia Orbiana pieces rarely found 5 The commodities of this Shire chiefly consist in Cattle Pit-coale Fowle and Sea-fish whereof the Salmon is common among them and that of such greatnesse and plentie as no place is better furnished therewith then the Shire-Town Caermarden is 6 Which Towne by Ptolemie is called Maridunum by Antonine the Emperour Muridunum by the Britaines Caerfridhin and by us Caermarden It is pleasantly seated upon the South-west side of the River Touy that runneth thorow the middest of this Shire and falleth South from hence into the British Sea where before-times was a convenient Haven for Ships arrivage but now is sore pestred with sands and shelfes notwithstanding some small Vessels ascend up the River even unto the Bridge of this Towne which is fairely built of free stone And over the same upon a hanging Rocke standeth a very large Castle from whose stone-wall another intermingled with brick rangeth about the Towne being in circuit one thousand and foure hundred paces The Inhabitants of this place doe not a little glory of their Merlin who as they say was therein borne the sonne of a bad Angel or of an Incubus spirit the Britaines great Apollo whom Geffrey ap Arthur would ranke with the Scoth-saying Seer or rather with the true Prophets themselves being none other then a meere Seducer and phantasticall Wizard which howsoever Alani de Insulis in his Commentaries hath laboured to unlock those darke and hidden Similies wherewith his book is pestred and full yet was it not without cause forbid the reading by the Councell of Tren● as vaine and not worthy of countenance or credit At the entrance of the Normans this Towne was brought under their obedience and for a long time was distressed with the calamities of warre yet afterwards was made by the English Princes the Chauncery and Exchequer for all South-wales and at this day is yeerely governed by a Major who ever after is an Alderman and Justice of the Peace two Sheriffes elected out of sixteene Burgesses all of them in skarlet a Sword-bearer a Town-clerke and two Sergeants with Maces from whence the Pole is raised 52. degrees 15. minutes in Latitude and for Longitude is in the degree 15. and 30. minutes from the first point in the West according to Mercator 7 East from this place are the ruines of Carreg-Castle which stood mounted on a high hill under the which many vaults and spacious Caves farre into the ground are seene wherein is thought the people unable to fight were therein secured in time of their warres Where also is a Well take the report from Giraldus who writeth it that in this place twice in foure and twentie houres ●bbing and twice flowing resembleth the unstable motions of the maine Sea 8 This Shire is watered with twenty-eight Rivers and Riverets of name strengthened with ten Castles traded in six Market-Towns divided into six Hundreds wherein are seated fourescore and seven Parish-Churches whose names are inserted in the Table following Anno Domini 1010 CAERMARDEN Both Shyre and Towne described ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Caermarden-shire HVNDREDS in Caermarden-shire 1. CAthinok 2. Cayo 3. Perueth 4. Kidwellye 5. Elluet 6. Derllys A Abarmarlas Cayo Abergerlech Cathinok Abergwillye Elluet Aberwenly Kidwell Amond Flu. B Bachhannis Island Kidwell Bettus Kidwell Bettus Elluet Brane Flu. Brechua ygothy Cathinok C CAERMARDEN Elluet Caier Flu. Calicote point Kidwell Cardyth Forest Derllys Castle Carreg Kidwell Carthkenye Flu. Cledagh Flu. S. Cleres Derllys Combeny Flu. Comgwilye Elluet Conwill Elluet Elluet Conwillgaio Cayo Cothy Flu. Cowen Flu. D Denever Castle Cayo Capell Dewye Kidwell Dulas Flu. Dulas Flu. Dalashe Flu. Druston Castle Cayo Capell Duthgye Kidwell Castle Dyram Derllys E Ebernant Elluet Egermont Derllys Eglosuaier aching Derllys Eglosuaier Derllys Eglyskymyn Derllys Capell Euan. Elluet G Glanranelthe Elluet Glyn Kidwell Golden grove Kidwell Capell Gunllo Kidwell Gwendrath vaure Flu. Capell Gwenvye Kidwell Gwilye Flu. H Hawton Kidwell Heullan amgoed Derllys I S. Ismaels Kidwell S. Ismaels point Kidwell Istrad merther Kidwell Istradworell Elluet Istradwalter Perueth Istrodfyne Perueth K Keach Flu. Kennarth Elluet KIDWELLYE Kidwell Kiffike Derllys Kilcombe Cayo Kilmaenlloid Derllys Kilredyn Elluet Kilsant Derllys Kiluargon Cathinok Kilycon Cayo L Llanarthney Kidwell Llaubrayne Perueth Llanboydy Derllys Llanbyther Cathinok Llandach Derllys Llandebea Kidwell Llandebye Kidwell Capell Llandedery Kidwell Llandessillio Derllys Llandilo Iskenen Kidwell Llandingate Perueth Llandingat in Cayo Cayo Llandeuaylog Kidwell Llandeuayson Cayo Llandylo in Peruethe Perueth Llandylo abercowen Derllys LLANDILO in Cayo Cayo Llanedye Kidwell Llanegwad in Cathinok Cathinok Llanegwad in Elluet Elluet Llanellye Kidwell LLANELTHYE Kidwel LLANGADOKE Perueth Llangainge Derllys Llangann Derllys Llangather Cathinok Llangathan Cayo Llangeller Elluet Capell Llangellbithon Kidw. Llangenarth Kidw. Llanghor Flu. Llanglodwen Derllys Llangomer Kidw. Llangynn Derllys Llangynderum Kidw. Llangynnok Derllys Llanharne Derllys Llanhedy Derllys Llanllawthog Elluet Capell Llanlloch Elluet Llanllonye Cathinok Capell Llanpymsent Cayo Llanpymsaint Elluet Llansadorn Perueth Llansadornen Derl. Llansant Kidw. Llansawill Cayo Llanstephan Derl. Llantharoke Kidw. Capell Llanthithgayne Kidw. Llanthonor Derl. Llanthowie Perueth Llanthoysant Perueth Llannun Kidw. Llanvair arbryn Perueth Llanvaier Derl. Llanualteg Derl. Llanuenith Cathinok Llanvyhangell Abercowen Derl. Llanvyhangell Orarth Cathinok Llanvyhangell Aberbythyth Kidw. Llanwenye Derl. Llanwrda Cayo Llauwnnyo Derl. Llanycrise in Cayo Cayo Llanycrois in Cathinok Cathin Llanyhangell ugwely Elluet LLANYMTHEFRY Perueth Llanyhangell Roscorne Cathinok Lleghdeny Kidw. Lloynhowell Cayo Lloughor Flu. M Marlas Flu. Marros Derl. Mathern Flu. Merthyr Elluet Morlas Flu. Mothvay Perueth Muthvey Flu. Mydrym Derl. N Newcastle Emlyn Elluet Newchurch Elluet Capell Newith Perueth Newton Cayo S. Nicholas Elluet P Parkreame Kidw. Penbray poynt Kidw. Penbeyt Elluet Penbrey Kidw. Capell Pencader Cathinok Pencarrek Cathinok Pendyne Derl. Penwernolye Cathinok Pescotter Flu. Prenagrois Kidw. Capell Pylin Perueth S Sauthey Flu. T Taue Flu. Talacouth Elluet Talley Cayo Towa Flu. Towy Flu. Towy haven Derl. Trausnant Flu. Treleghe Elluet Trynsaren Kidw. Turch Flu. Turghe Flu. Tylo Kidw. Tyvy Flu. W Whitland Derl. GLAMORGAN-SHIRE as some thinke named from Prince Morgan the possessor thereof or according to others is taken from Morgan an Abbey founded by William Earle of Gloucester upon the Sea-shoare in the South of this Shire lyeth bounded upon that part altogether with the British Sea the West by Loghor is parted from Caermarden-shire the North butteth upon the Countie of Breknok and the East by Remney is divided from Monmouth 2 The forme of this Shire groweth still wider from her West-point spreading her broadest touch in the East betwixt which extreames I finde by measure to be well-neere fortie English miles and from North to South not altogether twentie the whole in circumference about one hundred and twelve miles 3 The ayre is temperate and gives more content to the minde then the Soile doth fruit or ease unto Travellers The hils being

the Land-lords prey till King Malcolme enacted that half a marked should be paid for redemption The residence of those fore-mentioned Kings was chiefly in Ila Bunals and Iona now Columbkill where as Donald Munro who travelled thorow these Ilands reporteth are three Tombes having the severall Inscriptions of the Kings of Scotland of Ireland and of Norway 19 Among these Westerne Ilands the Hebrides Skie Mula Ila and Arran are the greatest All of them plentifull of Corne Woods Salmons and Herrings as others of Conies Deere Horses and Sheepe where in some they are wilde and in others without any owners but the people uncivill and lacking Religion they rather live rudely in state of necessitie then as Lords of these portions which God hath allotted them and with a sufferable ease ignorant of ambition enjoy those contentments which some others though they no great summe doe more laboriously attaine unto by the Precepts of Philosophy for feeding themselves with competencie without any excesse they returne all the overplus unto their Lords as doe the Inhabitants of Hirta and Rona but alas Religion not knowne among them these penurious vertues are rather the curses of Cham then the followings of Christ who forbids us to be too carefull for the morrow 20 The Iles of Orkenay upon the North of Scotland lying in a most raging and tempestuous Sea are about three and thirtie in number whereof thirteene are inhabited and the other replenished with Cattle in these are no venemous Serpents nor other ugly vermine the aire sharpe and healthfull and the soyle apt to beare onely Oates and Barley but not a sticke of wood among these Pomonia is the greatest accounted and called the Maine-land affording sixe Minerals of Lead and Tinne and in her chiefe Towne a Bishops See wherein are seated twelve Parish-Churches one of them very Magnificent for so remote a Countrey 21 Of all the Romanes Iulius Agricola first discovered the Orkenayes yea and subdued them if we will beleeve Tacitus but Pomponius Mela that wrote thirtie yeers before him doth mention them and Invenal in Hadrians time after him tels us the Romanes had wonne them and lastly Claudian nameth Saxons that were slaine in them and so doth Ninius name Octha and Ebissus Saxon Commanders who in their roving Pinnaces wasted the Orkenayes These Ilands Donald Bune the usurper of the Scottish Crowne gave to the King of Norway for his assistance and by the Norwegians were they held the space of an hundred and sixtie yeers untill that Alexander the third King of Scotland with sword and composition got them from Magnus the fourth King of Norway which afterward King Haquin confirmed unto King Robert Bruce but lastly Christian the first King of Norway and Denmarke utterly renounced all his right to those Ilands when he gave his Daughter in marriage unto King Iames the third which deed was further ratified by the Pope who openeth the way to the possession of Kingdoms with his own key 22 More North and further then this Chart could well expresse lye the Isles of Shetland of some thought to be Thule and by the Commenter upon Horace the Fortunate Iland where as Tzetzes fabuleth the souls of good men are ferryed into those Elizian fields that ever grow greene and whence Iulius Caesar could hardly be drawne as Muretus hath written but their fictions intended onely that the vert●●●●s souls of the dead passed the uttermost bounds of earthly abode and attained to an over-pleasing repose and ever-flourishing happinesse which whether they borrowed from the description of Paradise taken both for a faire Garden and the souls happie rest I cannot define but sure they would not have made those fields alwayes greene if they had seene how they lye ever covered with Ice and Snow being in the 36. degree of Latitude as Ptolemie hath placed it where for the most part is a continuall Winter but for proofe that this was the Thule besides Ptolemies Positure Saxo Grammaticus betwixt Norway and Scotland hath placed it and Solinu● two dayes sayling from the point of Caledonia and Tacitus saith that the Romanes kenned Thule afarre off as they sayled about Britaine by the Orcades and lastly Mela maketh it to face Berge a Citie in Norway THE FOVRTH BOOKE Containing THE KINGDOME OF IRELAND WITH AN EXACT CHOROGRAPHICALL DIMENSION OF THE PROVINCES THEREIN CONTAINED AND THOSE AGAINE DIVIDED INTO THEIR SEVERALL COVNTIES TOGETHER With a compendious Description of that NATION and ILANDS COMMODITIES BY IOHN SPEED LONDON Printed by Iohn Legatt for William Humble 1646. Cum Privilegio THE PARTICVLAR COVNTIES IN THE FOVRE SEVERALL PROVINCES OF IRELAND AS NOW THEY ARE DIVIDED AND LIMITED MOVNSTER Limmerick Kery Corke Waterford Desmond Holy Crosse in Typperary LEINSTER East Meath West Meath Kilkenny Caterlough Queenes Countie Kings Countie Kildare Weshford Dubline CONNAVGHT Clare or Towmund Gallaway Maio. Slego Letrim Roscoman VLSTER Dunghall or Tyr-connell Tyrone-upper Tyrone-nether Farmanagh Cavon Monaghan Colran Antrim Doun Armagh Lough DIEV ET MON DROIT ✚ HONI ✚ SOIT ✚ QVI MAL ✚ Y ✚ PENSE ✚ IRELAND AS IT VVAS AND IS INHABITED THE SITE AND COMMODITIES OF THE 1LAND DESCRIBED AND DECLARED THE Traditions of time have delivered unto us divers names whereby this famous Island is recorded to have been called yet none of more faire probabilitie then that of Orpheus Aristotle and Claudian by whom it is named Ierna by Iuvenall and Mela called Inverna by Diodorus Siculus Iris by Martian of Heraclea Ioyepnia by Eustachius Oyernia and Bernia by the native Inhabitants Erya by the Britaines Yuerdon the Welsh-bards in their Ballads Triuolas Totidanan and Banno and by the English Ireland But from whence these diversities were derived arise many opinions Doubtlesse it is that Hibernia Inverna and Overnia came from Ierna spoken of by Orpheus and Aristotle and the same Ierna as also Iris Iuerdhon and Ireland and Erin the terme that the Inhabitants now use From this Erin therefore a word proper to the Nation the originall is most likely to be deduced 2 Some derive Hibernia from Hiberno tempore that is from the Winter season some from Hiberus a Spaniard some from a Duke named Irnalph some againe from the ancient River Iberus and some from Hiere an Irish word which signifieth the West or a westerne coast whence Erin may also seeme to fetch the derivation for it lyeth furthest Westward of any Region in all Europe As also for that the River running in the most remote West part of this Iland is in Ptolemy called Iernus like as the furthest western Promontory in Spaine from whence our Irish men came is by Strabo called Ierne and the River next unto it by Mela Ierna yea and Spaine it selfe for the Westerne situation is called Hesperia the West-Cape of Africke Hesperium and in Germany Westrich and Westphanlen from their position have their names Postelius a man that rather followed his owne fancy then the judgement of others fetcheth the