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find_v it_o betwixt_o the_o two_o tropic_n we_o may_v without_o doubt_n think_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n if_o betwixt_o the_o tropic_n circle_n and_o the_o polar_a it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o temperate_a if_o betwixt_o the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n itself_o it_o must_v be_v in_o the_o cold_a zone_n by_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n it_o may_v be_v find_v this_o way_n seek_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v in_o the_o table_n which_o if_o it_o be_v less_o than_o 23_o degree_n 30_o scruple_n the_o place_n be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n if_o precise_o it_o be_v so_o much_o in_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n the_o place_n assign_v be_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n which_o be_v the_o bind_v betwixt_o the_o torrid_a and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o northern_a temperate_a zone_n but_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o southern_a hemisphere_n it_o will_v be_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n which_o end_v the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o begin_v 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a_o parallel_n near_o the_o equatour_n the_o other_o near_a the_o pole_n in_o the_o same_o space_n of_o time_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o he_o shall_v go_v far_o fast_a which_o be_v near_o the_o equatour_n than_o the_o other_o near_o the_o pole_n for_o howsoever_o columella_n seem_v to_o make_v a_o parallel_n to_o have_v in_o breadth_n 60_o foot_n and_o to_o intimate_v by_o consequence_n a_o equality_n of_o the_o parallel_n among_o themselves_o yet_o must_v this_o be_v understand_v of_o parallel_n which_o be_v near_o one_o to_o the_o other_o near_a the_o equatour_n which_o comprehend_v a_o great_a space_n of_o land_n and_o admit_v no_o sensible_a difference_n other_o matter_n which_o concern_v the_o climate_n and_o parallel_n shall_v be_v god_n will_v unfold_v in_o our_o table_n in_o the_o next_o chapter_n when_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o such_o other_o adjunct_n appertain_v without_o the_o which_o this_o treatise_n will_v be_v unperfect_a depend_v for_o a_o great_a part_n on_o such_o circumstance_n as_o our_o method_n admit_v not_o in_o this_o place_n but_o immediate_o follow_v chap._n x._o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o have_v hitherto_o treat_v of_o the_o distinction_n of_o space_n bound_v by_o circle_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n to_o wit_n zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n we_o be_v now_o to_o treat_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o such_o adjunct_n as_o proper_o belong_v to_o such_o space_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o whole_a sphere_n 2_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v twofold_a either_o absolute_a or_o comparative_a absolute_a as_o they_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o themselves_o without_o any_o comparison_n of_o one_o with_o the_o other_o 3_o the_o former_a be_v again_o twofold_a either_o from_o the_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n or_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o sun-shadowe_n according_a to_o the_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n the_o inhabitant_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v either_o a_o right_n oblique_a or_o parallel_n sphere_n according_a to_o their_o orison_n what_o these_o three_o sphere_n be_v may_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o we_o have_v former_o speak_v concern_v the_o distinction_n of_o orison_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o therefore_o need_v no_o far_a repetition_n we_o be_v in_o this_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o several_a accident_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n out_o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o threefold_a sphere_n will_v arise_v 13_o manner_n of_o habitation_n which_o for_o more_o order_n sake_n we_o will_v reduce_v into_o certain_a head_n in_o this_o manner_n 4_o the_o people_n of_o a_o right_a sphere_n be_v such_o as_o enjoy_v aright_o horizon_n who_o propriety_n shall_v be_v declare_v in_o this_o theorem_a 1_o
the_o east_n or_o west_n the_o star_n will_v either_o seem_v great_a in_o the_o east_n then_o in_o the_o west_n or_o contrariwise_o great_a in_o the_o west_n than_o the_o east_n all_o which_o plain_o contradict_v experience_n moreover_o it_o will_v hence_o follow_v out_o of_o this_o last_o that_o the_o forenoon_n will_v not_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o afternoon_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o meridian_n circle_n pass_v by_o our_o vertical_a point_n which_o in_o this_o case_n can_v be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n but_o will_v decline_v more_o either_o to_o the_o east_n or_o the_o west_n four_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n either_o there_o will_v be_v no_o equinoctial_a at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o if_o there_o be_v any_o it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o the_o two_o solstice_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n which_o be_v against_o all_o common_a experience_n to_o explain_v which_o assertion_n let_v there_o be_v a_o sphere_n abcd_n who_o centre_n shall_v be_v e_z wherein_o we_o will_v conceive_v the_o equatour_n to_o be_v bd_o the_o two_o tropic_n il_fw-fr and_o xh_n the_o axletree_n of_o the_o world_n ac_fw-la now_o if_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v place_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o equatour_n out_o of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n as_o in_o f_o let_v there_o first_o be_v a_o oblique_a horizon_n zfy_v cut_v all_o the_o parallel_n into_o unequal_a part_n and_o the_o axis_n in_o those_o parallel_n which_o be_v without_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o the_o say_a horizon_n there_o will_v be_v no_o equinoctial_a because_o the_o horizon_n equal_o divide_v in_o two_o half_n only_o that_o parallel_n which_o be_v describe_v by_o p_o which_o nevertheless_o the_o sun_n never_o come_v unto_o as_o never_o go_v beyond_o the_o tropic_n xh_v let_v there_o be_v another_o oblique_a horizon_n ofm_n cut_v the_o axle_n ac_fw-la within_o the_o say_a parallel_n in_o n_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o reason_n that_o there_o will_v happen_v a_o equinoctial_a in_o the_o say_a horizon_n when_o the_o sun_n shall_v describe_v the_o parallel_n by_o n_o because_o this_o parallel_n be_v by_o the_o horizon_n divide_v into_o two_o equal_a part_n but_o this_o can_v in_o no_o wise_n happen_v in_o a_o middle_a space_n and_o time_n betwixt_o the_o two_o solstice_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o equator_fw-la only_o be_v equal_o distant_a and_o remove_v from_o either_o solstice_n it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o the_o sun_n reside_v in_o bd_o the_o equator_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o equinoctial_a but_o either_o after_o or_o before_o which_o be_v absurd_a and_o opposite_a to_o observation_n five_o it_o will_v be_v infer_v out_o of_o these_o ground_n that_o no_o horizon_n shall_v divide_v the_o heaven_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n beside_o that_o which_o concurre_v with_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n as_o bd_o and_o such_o as_o be_v draw_v by_o bd._n wherefore_o all_o people_n shall_v not_o behold_v the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o heaven_n six_o out_o of_o this_o opinion_n will_v necessary_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o great_a and_o long_a day_n above_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n shall_v not_o be_v equalise_v by_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o short_a day_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v exceed_v by_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n which_o be_v against_o all_o common_a experience_n the_o consequence_n shall_v appear_v by_o demonstration_n suppose_v a_o to_o be_v the_o arctic_a pole_n then_o will_v pg_n be_v the_o excess_n of_o the_o long_a day_n xp_n above_o xg_n the_o equinoctial_a day_n but_o kq_n be_v the_o defect_n wherein_o the_o short_a day_n iq_n be_v exceed_v of_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n ik_fw-mi all_o these_o absurdity_n be_v avoid_v if_o we_o put_v the_o earth_n in_o the_o centre_n e._n for_o so_o in_o every_o oblique_a horizon_n as_o in_o sir_n will_v be_v a_o equinoctial_a the_o sun_n riside_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la 2_o the_o heaven_n will_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o equal_a half_n and_o pg_n the_o excess_n of_o the_o long_a day_n will_v be_v equal_a to_o kv_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o short_a day_n whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o argument_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o beside_o the_o axis_n in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o equinoctial_a concern_v the_o second_o position_n if_o we_o shall_v place_v the_o earth_n in_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n out_o of_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o equinoctial_a as_o many_o or_o more_o absurdity_n will_v of_o necessity_n follow_v for_o example_n sake_n let_v it_o be_v imagine_v in_o p_o first_o than_o no_o horizon_n beside_o a_o right_n will_v cut_v the_o heaven_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n or_o half_n and_o consequent_o the_o zodiac_n but_o this_o be_v prove_v false_a by_o experience_n as_o we_o have_v show_v because_o six_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n be_v always_o above_o and_o conspicuous_a and_o the_o other_o six_o under_o second_o only_a under_o a_o right_a horizon_n will_v there_o be_v a_o equinoctial_a because_o only_o such_o a_o horizon_n equal_o divide_v the_o equatour_n into_o two_o half_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o former_a figure_n in_o which_o the_o equatour_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v bd_o the_o right_a horizon_n ac_fw-la the_o oblique_a yz_n cut_v the_o equator_fw-la in_o f_o into_o two_o unequal_a part_n now_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o in_o any_o oblique_a horizon_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o equinoxe_n it_o can_v no_o wise_n be_v in_o the_o middle_a time_n betwixt_o the_o two_o solstice_n but_o will_v be_v much_o near_o to_o the_o one_o then_o to_o the_o other_o as_o if_o the_o earth_n wâ—re_v place_v in_o n_o betwixt_o the_o tropic_n xh_v and_o the_o equatour_n bd_o there_o will_v be_v a_o equinoxe_n when_o the_o sun_n pass_v in_o the_o parallel_n by_o n._n which_o parallel_n be_v far_o near_a to_o the_o summer_n solstice_n than_o the_o winter_n solstice_n but_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o g_z there_o will_v happen_v a_o equinoxe_n just_a in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o summer_n solstice_n all_o which_o be_v most_o absurd_a and_o most_o repugnant_a to_o common_a sense_n three_o this_o grant_v the_o whole_a order_n and_o proportion_n of_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o day_n and_o night_n will_v be_v confuse_v and_o trouble_v it_o be_v agree_v on_o by_o consent_n of_o all_o cosmographer_n that_o every_o where_o without_o the_o right_a horizon_n there_o be_v such_o a_o order_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o increase_n &_o decrease_v of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n that_o twice_o in_o a_o year_n the_o day_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o night_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o mean_a or_o middle_a betwixt_o the_o long_a and_o the_o short_a day_n that_o the_o long_a day_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o long_a night_n and_o the_o short_a day_n to_o the_o short_a night_n that_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o long_a day_n above_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n be_v so_o much_o as_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o short_a day_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o say_v equinoctial_a day_n all_o which_o and_o many_o more_o such_o apparence_n will_v be_v interrupt_v be_v the_o earth_n place_v any_o where_o else_o then_o in_o the_o centre_n e_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o scheme_n for_o the_o earth_n be_v place_v in_o e_o every_o oblique_a horizon_n as_o sir_n will_v divide_v the_o equatour_n bd_o into_o two_o equal_a hemicircle_n so_o that_o so_o much_o shall_v appear_v above_o as_o lie_v couch_v under_o and_o so_o that_o day_n will_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o night_n in_o like_a sort_n the_o tropic_n hx_n and_o il_fw-fr will_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o unequal_a part_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o alternate_a segment_n shall_v be_v equal_a to_o wit_n px_n and_o vl_n also_o th._n and_o vi_o as_o it_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o theodosius_n lib._n 2._o prop._n 16._o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o long_a day_n xp_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o long_a night_n lv_o and_o the_o short_a day_n iv_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o short_a night_n hp_n final_o pg_n the_o excess_n of_o the_o long_a day_n xp_n above_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n xg_n be_v equal_a to_o kv_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o short_a day_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n ik_fw-mi which_o be_v show_v out_o of_o the_o similitude_n and_o equality_n of_o the_o triangle_n teg_n and_o vek._n now_o of_o the_o contrary_a part_n if_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v place_v in_o the_o axis_n without_o the_o centre_n e_o as_o in_o p_o beyond_o all_o the_o parallel_n no_o equinoxe_n can_v be_v in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n as_o we_o have_v show_v but_o always_o the_o day_n will_v be_v long_o or_o short_a than_o the_o night_n but_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v place_v in_o the_o point_n g_o by_o which_o pass_v
perpendicular_a line_n be_v altogether_o insensible_a for_o if_o two_o perpendicular_a or_o heavy_a point_n move_v in_o a_o line_n shall_v be_v distant_a one_o from_o the_o other_o the_o space_n of_o 10_o a_o 100_o or_o more_o foot_n because_o this_o distance_n be_v very_o little_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o angle_n of_o concourse_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o little_a and_o by_o consequence_n those_o two_o ray_n or_o line_n measure_v the_o descent_n of_o two_o heavy_a body_n will_v seem_v altogether_o equidistant_a yet_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o concurrence_n nature_n and_o reason_n will_v easy_o consent_v hence_o we_o may_v detect_v a_o popular_a error_n believe_v of_o the_o vulgar_a that_o the_o wall_n of_o house_n stand_v upright_o be_v parallel_v and_o of_o equal_a distance_n when_o contrariwise_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o such_o wall_n be_v erect_v by_o a_o perpendicular_a and_o measure_v by_o perpendicular_a line_n which_o be_v draw_v out_o in_o length_n will_v meet_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o like_a may_v we_o pronounce_v of_o a_o deep_a well_o who_o side_n or_o wall_n be_v erect_v perpendicular_o and_o therefore_o shall_v it_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o centre_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o side_n grow_v near_o and_o near_o as_o they_o approach_v the_o centre_n will_v in_o the_o end_n close_o or_o shut_v up_o into_o a_o pyramid_n who_o base_a shall_v be_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o well_o likewise_o if_o a_o tower_n shall_v be_v erect_v to_o the_o heaven_n it_o will_v be_v strange_a to_o imagine_v how_o great_a and_o broad_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o will_v be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o bottom_n hence_o again_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o any_o pavement_n level_v by_o a_o perpendicular_a be_v not_o a_o absolute_a plain_n but_o rather_o the_o portion_n or_o arch_n of_o a_o spherical_a superficies_n who_o centre_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n but_o this_o roundness_n in_o a_o small_a distance_n be_v no_o way_n sensible_a but_o in_o a_o great_a pavement_n of_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o pace_n level_v perpendicular_o it_o will_v make_v some_o show_n of_o roundness_n whence_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o a_o extraordinary_a great_a pavement_n measure_v over_o by_o a_o right_a line_n can_v be_v call_v level_a or_o equal_o poize_v forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v not_o every_o where_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earthly_a globe_n 2_o two_o heavy_a body_n of_o the_o same_o figure_n and_o matter_n whether_o equal_a or_o unequal_a will_v in_o equal_a time_n move_v a_o equal_a space_n this_o proposition_n be_v invent_v by_o one_o johannes_n baptist_n de_fw-fr benedictis_n be_v cite_v and_o confirm_v by_o john_n dee_n in_o his_o mathematical_a preface_n to_o bill_v slie_n geometry_n which_o correct_v a_o common_a error_n of_o those_o man_n which_o suppose_v the_o light_a body_n general_o not_o to_o move_v so_o fast_o downward_o to_o the_o centre_n as_o the_o heavy_a the_o demonstration_n of_o this_o theorem_a be_v draw_v from_o many_o staticall_a principle_n which_o we_o can_v here_o convenient_o insert_v we_o be_v enforce_v to_o omit_v as_o intend_v not_o the_o search_n of_o these_o matter_n any_o far_a than_o they_o direct_v unto_o the_o knowledge_n of_o geographie_n yet_o be_v it_o no_o hard_a matter_n to_o give_v â—_o more_o popular_a expression_n of_o this_o reason_n out_o of_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o this_o weight_n of_o the_o heavy_a body_n and_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la because_o the_o great_a body_n as_o it_o be_v carry_v downward_o by_o a_o great_a force_n and_o violence_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o meet_v a_o great_a impediment_n be_v not_o able_a so_o soon_o to_o divide_v the_o air_n as_o the_o lesser_a likewise_o the_o lesser_a body_n fall_v with_o less_o force_n yet_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o divide_v it_o then_o the_o other_o whence_o both_o set_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o there_o will_v be_v no_o disparity_n in_o the_o time_n and_o motion_n 12_o of_o the_o primary_n conformity_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a body_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n we_o have_v treat_v it_o now_o seem_v needful_a that_o we_o descend_v to_o the_o secondary_a which_o be_v the_o inclination_n of_o all_o the_o part_n to_o make_v a_o round_a sphere_n or_o globe_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v round_o and_o spherical_a this_o proposition_n be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o one_o of_o the_o chiefâ—â—â—_n ground_n in_o geographie_n the_o ground_n of_o the_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o right_a motion_n of_o heavy_a body_n to_o the_o centre_n for_o this_o right_a motion_n as_o we_o have_v show_v do_v express_v one_o beam_n of_o the_o circle_n by_o who_o circumvolution_n be_v produce_v the_o circumference_n of_o iâ—_n which_o we_o call_v secundary_a conformity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o so_o much_o as_o it_o grow_v mathematical_o as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o first_o for_o this_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n sundry_a sound_a reason_n be_v urge_v by_o geographer_n first_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o according_a to_o its_o latitude_n that_o be_v from_o north_n to_o south_n second_o according_a to_o its_o longitude_n that_o be_v from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o therefore_o must_v it_o needs_o be_v absolute_o spherical_a the_o first_o part_n be_v show_v that_o it_o be_v round_o from_o nâ—rth_n to_o south_n for_o if_o a_o man_n travel_n from_o north_n to_o south_n or_o contrariwise_o from_o south_n to_o north_n he_o shall_v perceive_v nâ—w_a star_n in_o the_o heaven_n to_o appear_v and_o show_v themselves_o which_o before_o hâ—e_v can_v not_o see_v which_o can_v be_v refer_v to_o no_o other_o cause_n then_o the_o spherical_a convexity_n or_o swell_v of_o the_o earth_n as_o for_o example_n the_o star_n which_o be_v call_v canopus_n which_o be_v a_o notable_a star_n in_o the_o ship_n appear_v not_o at_o rhodes_n or_o at_o least_o from_o high_a place_n but_o if_o you_o travel_v forth_o southward_o from_o italy_n into_o egypt_n to_o alexandria_n the_o same_o star_n proclus_n observe_v will_v manifest_v itself_o to_o your_o sight_n the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o sign_n above_o the_o horizon_n sphaer_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v draw_v a_o sound_a proof_n that_o there_o be_v a_o spherical_a and_o gibbous_a convexitie_n which_o interpose_v itself_o betwixt_o rhodes_n and_o egypt_n in_o which_o place_n the_o people_n who_o inhabit_v that_o part_n of_o egypt_n which_o border_n upon_o arabia_n which_o be_v call_v trogloâ—ites_n of_o their_o dwell_n in_o cave_n can_v see_v any_o star_n of_o the_o great_a bear_n whence_o we_o may_v concluâ—e_v that_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n be_v round_o and_o spherical_a for_o if_o otherwise_o the_o earth_n be_v plain_a all_o the_o northern_a star_n will_v appear_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o southern_a region_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o the_o other_o southern_a constellation_n will_v be_v see_v of_o the_o northern_a inhabitant_n which_o sense_n and_o reason_n altogether_o contradict_v second_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o according_a to_o its_o longitude_n betwixt_o east_n and_o west_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o two_o reason_n the_o first_o be_v take_v from_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o other_o star_n for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o they_o do_v not_o arise_v or_o set_v with_o all_o nation_n at_o the_o same_o hour_n for_o with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o east_n the_o sunrising_n be_v soon_o with_o the_o western_a inhabitant_n late_a and_o that_o in_o such_o proportion_n that_o every_o 15_o degree_n measure_v out_o by_o the_o sun_n diurnal_a motion_n add_v or_o subtract_v one_o whole_a hour_n in_o the_o length_n of_o the_o day_n this_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n and_o testimony_n of_o 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the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o right_a sphere_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n have_v the_o same_o accident_n these_o accident_n be_v chief_o four_o 1_o they_o enjoy_v a_o perpetual_a equinoctial_a have_v their_o day_n and_o night_n always_o equal_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o because_o the_o sun_n never_o swerve_v from_o his_o ecliptic_a have_v his_o course_n equal_o divide_v by_o the_o horizon_n 2_o with_o they_o all_o the_o star_n equal_o set_v and_o rise_v because_o all_o the_o parallel_n wherein_o the_o star_n make_v their_o diurnal_a revolution_n be_v equal_o cut_v of_o the_o horizon_n 3_o to_o they_o the_o sun_n be_v twice_o in_o the_o year_n vertical_a that_o be_v direct_o over_o their_o head_n and_o twice_o againein_o the_o year_n solstitial_a the_o former_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n and_o libra_n the_o latter_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n which_o diverse_a proposition_n of_o the_o sun_n some_o late_a geographer_n have_v 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of_o the_o same_o quantity_n 3._o twice_o in_o the_o year_n they_o have_v the_o sunne-verticall_a but_o without_o the_o equatour_n 4._o they_o have_v two_o summer_n and_o two_o winter_n but_o not_o equal_o temper_v 5._o the_o length_n of_o their_o long_a day_n reach_v to_o 13._o ½_o hour_n the_o second_o sort_n be_v such_o as_o inhabit_v under_o the_o tropic_n itself_o who_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v 23._o degree_n 30_o scruple_n under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n be_v place_v a_o great_a part_n of_o arabia_n foelix_fw-la east_n india_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o china_n the_o high_a part_n of_o egypt_n and_o see_z under_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n be_v place_v the_o people_n of_o monomotapa_n and_o madagascar_n with_o other_o place_n the_o accident_n belong_v unto_o they_o be_v these_o 1._o to_o they_o appear_v all_o the_o star_n comprehend_v in_o one_o of_o the_o circle_n but_o none_o of_o the_o other_o as_o for_o example_n to_o those_o inhabit_v the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n the_o star_n include_v within_o the_o arctic_a circle_n always_o appear_v but_o never_o those_o which_o be_v in_o the_o antarcticke_a likewise_o to_o those_o which_o dwell_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n all_o the_o star_n appear_v which_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o antarctic_a circle_n but_o none_o of_o those_o include_v within_o the_o arctic_a circle_n 2._o by_o how_o much_o near_o the_o sun_n approach_v to_o their_o zenith_n or_o vertical_a point_n by_o so_o much_o be_v their_o day_n lengthen_v and_o by_o how_o much_o far_o it_o go_v off_o by_o so_o much_o be_v they_o shorten_v so_o that_o they_o enjoy_v then_o their_o long_a day_n when_o the_o sun_n direct_o pass_v by_o their_o zenith_n 3._o to_o they_o the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a but_o once_o in_o the_o year_n to_o wit_n to_o those_o under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n when_o the_o sun_n enter_v into_o the_o sign_n as_o to_o the_o 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sun_n at_o noonetide_n be_v always_o on_o the_o south_n of_o those_o which_o dwell_v under_o the_o arctic_a circle_n except_o it_o be_v in_o the_o summer_n tropic_n when_o it_o be_v the_o midnight_n or_o northern_a point_n likewise_o to_o those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o antarcticke_a circle_n the_o sun_n at_o noon_n be_v always_o on_o the_o north_n side_n except_o under_o the_o winter_n tropic_n 5._o they_o have_v in_o the_o year_n one_o winter_n and_o one_o summer_n but_o the_o winter_n far_o cold_o and_o the_o summer_n slack_a than_o in_o the_o forename_a place_n the_o five_o and_o last_o habitation_n be_v of_o those_o which_o be_v include_v betwixt_o the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n itself_o from_o 66._o degree_n and_o 30._o minute_n of_o elevation_n to_o 90._o in_o which_o tract_n little_a be_v discover_v northward_o and_o in_o the_o south_n climate_n nothing_o at_o all_o the_o special_a accident_n appertain_v to_o they_o be_v these_o 1._o with_o they_o a_o few_o star_n 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because_o only_o in_o such_o a_o site_n the_o equator_n and_o the_o horizon_n agree_v in_o one_o and_o lie_v parallel_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o parallel_n circle_n which_o place_n whether_o it_o be_v at_o all_o capable_a of_o habitation_n by_o reason_n of_o cold_a we_o shall_v discuss_v hereafter_o in_o the_o second_o part_n but_o out_o of_o supposition_n admit_v a_o place_n of_o habitation_n these_o accident_n will_v happen_v 1._o the_o fix_a star_n which_o they_o see_v be_v always_o see_v so_o that_o with_o they_o there_o be_v no_o point_n of_o east_n or_o west_n for_o the_o star_n never_o rise_v nor_o set_v but_o the_o planet_n rise_v and_o set_v but_o not_o by_o their_o diurnal_a but_o proper_a motion_n 2._o they_o have_v a_o continual_a day_n of_o six_o month_n and_o a_o night_n also_o as_o long_o the_o sun_n rise_v continual_o in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n and_o set_v in_o the_o first_o of_o libra_n 3._o the_o sun_n in_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n for_o all_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n as_o all_o the_o other_o star_n be_v turn_v round_o about_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o wheel_n 4._o the_o equatour_n serve_v in_o place_n of_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o equatour_n be_v every_o where_o equidistant_a from_o the_o pole_n 5._o they_o have_v one_o winter_n and_o one_o summer_n the_o former_a exceed_a cold_a the_o latter_a less_o warm_a than_o we_o 9_o the_o second_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v take_v from_o their_o noone-shaddowe_n the_o sun_n in_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n diverse_o spread_v his_o shadow_n because_o the_o gnomon_n or_o opacous_a body_n by_o which_o the_o shadow_n be_v make_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o diverse_a place_n diverse_o oppose_v or_o object_v to_o the_o sun_n for_o whereas_o the_o sun_n so_o run_v in_o his_o ecliptic_a circle_n betwixt_o the_o two_o pole_n that_o though_o his_o passage_n be_v in_o a_o oblique_a circle_n yet_o he_o never_o come_v so_o far_o as_o the_o pole_n themselves_o it_o necessary_o must_v be_v that_o sometime_o he_o shall_v shoot_v forth_o his_o beam_n perpendicular_o as_o when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o vertical_a point_n of_o a_o place_n sometime_o oblique_o as_o when_o he_o decline_v either_o one_o way_n or_o other_o from_o the_o vertical_a point_n sometime_o in_o parallel_n wise_a for_o as_o much_o as_o in_o some_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o sun_n cleave_v as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o horizon_n cast_v out_o his_o beam_n parallel_v and_o equidistant_a to_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n the_o right_a or_o perpendicular_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n fall_v on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n at_o right_a angle_n be_v turn_v and_o reflect_v into_o themselves_o and_o so_o make_v no_o shadow_n at_o all_o but_o the_o oblique_a beam_n in_o that_o they_o be_v not_o reflect_v into_o themselves_o must_v of_o necessity_n produce_v shadow_n yet_o in_o diverse_a manner_n for_o those_o sunbeam_n which_o oblique_o project_v themselves_o on_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o earth_n so_o as_o they_o come_v not_o from_o the_o horizon_n itself_o will_v make_v such_o kind_n of_o shadow_n as_o shall_v proportional_o agree_v with_o their_o gnomon_n or_o opacous_a body_n and_o such_o who_o magnitude_n may_v in_o a_o manner_n be_v design_v out_o and_o certain_o measure_v by_o the_o sight_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a part_n the_o beam_n which_o be_v esteem_v parallel_n to_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n find_v no_o solid_a obstacle_n or_o let_v shoot_v forth_o infinite_o make_v no_o angle_n on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o can_v have_v no_o proportion_n at_o all_o with_o their_o gnomon_n that_o the_o shadow_n may_v be_v any_o way_n design_v by_o our_o eye_n but_o here_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o the_o shadow_n chief_o to_o be_v consider_v be_v the_o meridian_n or_o noone-shaddowe_n which_o take_v their_o distinction_n from_o the_o diverse_a incidency_n of_o the_o beam_n which_o the_o sun_n cast_v forth_o at_o noon_n according_a to_o this_o manner_n 10._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o shadow_n be_v either_o amphiscij_fw-la heteroscij_fw-la or_o periscij_fw-la the_o amphiscij_fw-la be_v those_o who_o noone-shaddowe_n but_o at_o diverse_a time_n of_o the_o year_n be_v â—ast_v both_o way_n that_o be_v to_o say_v north_n and_o south_n amphiscij_fw-la signify_v as_o much_o as_o people_n of_o a_o double_a shadow_n such_o be_v they_o which_o inhabit_v betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o tropicke_n where_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n equal_v not_o 24._o degree_n these_o man_n have_v the_o sun_n twice_o every_o year_n in_o their_o zenith_n or_o vertical_a point_n and_o then_o they_o make_v no_o shadow_n at_o all_o and_o therefore_o they_o be_v call_v ascij_fw-la or_o without_o shadow_n but_o when_o the_o sun_n pass_v from_o their_o vertical_a point_n towards_o the_o northern_a sign_n then_o at_o noon_n it_o will_v 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place_n whereunto_o the_o arabian_n come_v be_v a_o part_n of_o thessaly_n where_o such_o dwell_v who_o only_o cast_v their_o shadow_n one_o way_n to_o wit_n northward_o but_o arabia_n their_o natural_a country_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v include_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n where_o the_o shadow_n be_v say_v to_o be_v cast_v both_o way_n they_o be_v say_v to_o wonder_v the_o reason_n why_o our_o shadow_n at_o noon_n be_v cast_v always_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o towards_o the_o south_n be_v relate_v before_o to_o be_v because_o the_o shadow_n do_v always_o occupy_v or_o possess_v the_o place_n opposite_a to_o the_o sun_n or_o light_a body_n 12_o the_o periscij_fw-la be_v such_o in_o habitant_n who_o shadow_n be_v move_v round_o about_o they_o in_o a_o circular_a form_n in_o some_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o noone-shaddowe_n take_v not_o their_o beginning_n from_o our_o head_n but_o of_o one_o side_n and_o be_v extend_v forward_o to_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o 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of_o the_o periscij_fw-la 6._o month_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o accident_n of_o these_o three_o sort_n of_o people_n there_o need_v no_o more_o to_o be_v speak_v than_o we_o have_v deliver_v before_o in_o this_o chapter_n nevertheless_o for_o a_o recapitulation_n of_o our_o former_a doctrine_n in_o this_o &_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o insert_v this_o table_n of_o climate_n set_v out_o by_o our_o exact_a geographer_n wherein_o be_v express_v as_o it_o be_v to_o our_o view_n the_o respect_n and_o several_a accident_n which_o belong_v to_o these_o several_a inhabitant_n 13_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n absolute_o consider_v the_o inhabitant_n compare_v one_o with_o the_o other_o according_a to_o their_o position_n be_v the_o perioeci_n antoeci_n and_o antipode_n 14_o the_o perioeei_n be_v those_o inhabitant_n which_o dwell_v in_o the_o two_o opposite_a point_n of_o the_o parallel_n circle_n 15_o the_o antoeci_n be_v such_o as_o dwell_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n but_o in_o diverse_a parallel_n equal_o distant_a from_o the_o equatour_n 16_o the_o antipode_n be_v such_o as_o inhabit_v under_o one_o meridian_n but_o under_o two_o parallel_n equidistant_a from_o the_o equatour_n and_o two_o opposite_a point_n of_o those_o parallel_n a_o table_n of_o the_o climate_n belong_v to_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o inhabitant_n pag_n 229._o inhabitant_n belong_v to_o several_a climate_n clime_n parallel_n the_o long_a summer_n day_n how_o scr._n latitude_n &_o elevation_n of_o pole_n scr._n degr._fw-la the_o breadth_n of_o the_o climate_n deg._n scr_n the_o place_n by_o which_o the_o climate_n pass_v  _fw-fr 0_o 0_o 1_o 12_o 0_o 12_o 15_o 0_o 0_o 4_o 18_o 4_o 18_o the_o beginning_n from_o the_o aequatour_n  _fw-fr 1_o 2_o 3_o 122_o 30_o 1_o 45_o 8_o 34_o 12_o 43_o 8_o 25_o sinus_n arabicus_n or_o the_o red_a sea_n amphiscij_fw-la 2_o 4_o 5_o 13_o 0_o 13_o 15_o 16_o 43_o 20_o 33_o 7_o 50_o meroe_n a_o island_n of_o nilus_n in_o egypt_n  _fw-fr 3_o 6_o 7_o 13_o 40_o 13_o 45_o 23_o 10_o 27_o 36_o 7_o 3_o see_z a_o ciâ—ty_n in_o africa_n  _fw-fr 4_o 8_o 9_o 14_o 0_o 14_o 15_o 30_o 47_o 33_o 45_o 6_o 9_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n  _fw-fr 5_o 10_o 11_o 14_o 30_o 14_o 45_o 36_o 30_o 39_o 2_o 5_o 17_o rhodes_n and_o babylon_n  _fw-fr 6_o 12_o 13_o 15_o 0_o 15_o 15_o 41_o 22_o 4â—_n 3â—_n 4_o 30_o rome_n and_o hellespont_n  _fw-fr 7_o 14_o 15_o 15_o 30_o 15_o 45_o 45_o 29_o 47_o 20_o 3_o 48_o venice_n and_o milan_n  _fw-fr 8_o 16_o 17_o 16_o 0_o 16_o 15_o 49_o 21_o 50_o 33_o 3_o 13_o podalia_n and_o â—he_v lesser_a tartary_n  _fw-fr 9_o 18_o 19_o 16_o 30_o 16_o 45_o 51_o 58_o 53_o 17_o 2_o 44_o batavia_n and_o witâ—enberge_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 20_o 17_o 0_o 17_o â—â—_o 54_o â—9_n 55_o â—4_n 2_o 17_o râ—stoch_n 11_o 22_o 23_o 17_o 30_o 17_o 45_o â—â—â—7_n 57_o 34_o 2_o 0_o ireland_n and_o moscovy_n jeteroscij_fw-la 12_o 24_o 25_o 18_o 0_o 18_o 15_o 58_o 26_o 59_o 14_o 1_o 40_o bohus_fw-la a_o castle_n in_o norwey_n  _fw-fr 13_o 26_o 27_o 18_o 30_o 18_o 45_o 59_o 59_o 60_o 40_o 1_o 26_o gothland_n  _fw-fr 14_o 28_o 29_o 19_o 0_o 19_o 15_o 61_o 18_o 61_o 53_o 1_o 13_o bergis_n in_o norwey_n  _fw-fr 15_o 30_o 31_o 19_o 30_o 19_o 45_o 62_o 25_o 62_o 54_o 1_o 0_o wiburge_n in_o finland_n  _fw-fr 16_o 32_o 33_o 20_o 0_o 20_o 15_o 63_o 22_o 63_o 46_o 0_o 52_o arotia_n in_o sweden_n  _fw-fr 17_o 34_o 35â—_n 20_o 30_o 20_o 45_o 64_o 6_o 64_o 30_o 0_o 44_o the_o mouth_n of_o darecally_a a_o river_n of_o sweden_n  _fw-fr 18_o 36_o 37_o 21_o 0_o 21_o 15_o 64_o 49_o 65_o 6_o 0_o 36_o diverse_a place_n of_o norwey_n  _fw-fr 19_o 38_o 39_o 21_o 30_o 21_o 45_o 65_o 21_o 65_o 35_o 0_o 29_o suecia_n alba_n russia_n  _fw-fr 20_o 40_o 41_o 22_o 0_o 22_o 15_o 65_o 47_o 65_o 57_o 0_o 22_o with_o many_o island_n  _fw-fr 21_o 42_o 43_o 22_o â—0_n 22_o 45_o 66_o 6_o 66_o 14_o 0_o 17_o thereunto_o adjoin_v  _fw-fr 22_o 44_o 45_o 23_o 0_o 23_o 15_o 66_o 20_o 66_o 25_o 0_o 11_o want_v special_a name_n  _fw-fr 23_o 46_o 47_o 23_o 30_o 23_o 45_o 66_o 28_o 66_o â—0_n 0_o 5_o and_o landmark_n  _fw-fr 24_o 48_o 24_o 0_o 66_o 31_o 0_o 0_o island_n under_o the_o antic_a circle_n  _fw-fr here_z the_o climate_n be_v account_v by_o the_o month_n from_o 66_o degr._fw-la menses_fw-la 1_o 67_o 15_o these_o climate_n be_v suppose_v to_o pass_v by_o diverse_a land_n within_o the_o arctic_a circle_n as_o these_o name_n be_v original_o greek_n be_v take_v from_o the_o diverse_a manner_n of_o dwell_v of_o one_o nation_n in_o respect_n of_o another_o the_o perioeci_n be_v call_v such_o as_o dwell_v as_o it_o be_v about_o the_o hemisphere_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n in_o two_o opposite_a point_n the_o one_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o other_o be_v eastern_a the_o other_o western_a so_o that_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o differ_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o 180_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o semicircle_n where_o we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o these_o degree_n be_v to_o be_v number_v not_o in_o a_o great_a but_o a_o lesser_a parallel_n which_o be_v less_o than_o the_o equatour_n for_o they_o which_o be_v under_o the_o equator_fw-la itself_o in_o 2_o opposite_a point_n be_v to_o be_v account_v rather_o antipode_n although_o for_o aught_o i_o see_v the_o name_n may_v agree_v the_o antoeci_n as_o the_o name_n import_v be_v such_o as_o dwell_v one_o against_o another_o have_v one_o selfe-same_a meridian_n and_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o equatour_n the_o one_o in_o the_o northern_a the_o other_o in_o the_o southern_a hemisphere_n the_o antipode_n otherwise_o call_v antichthones_n may_v popular_o be_v describe_v to_o be_v such_o as_o dwell_v foot_n to_o foot_n one_o against_o the_o other_o so_o that_o a_o right_a line_n be_v draw_v from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o will_v pass_v by_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n whence_o they_o precise_o be_v distant_a the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o 1800_o in_o a_o great_a circle_n wherein_o they_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o perioeci_n which_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o lesser_a circle_n such_o compare_v one_o to_o the_o other_o be_v the_o american_n and_o the_o eastern_a indian_n about_o the_o river_n ganges_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o peru_n and_o calecute_v those_o of_o peria_n &_o summatra_n to_o england_n i_o find_v no_o other_o antipode_n but_o the_o sea_n or_o at_o least_o some_o parcel_n of_o land_n in_o the_o south_n continent_n near_o psittacorum_n regio_n here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o former_a definition_n of_o antipode_n give_v by_o the_o ancient_n be_v only_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o know_v habitable_a
and_o contrariwise_o from_o east_n to_o west_n the_o bound_n or_o limit_n of_o this_o longitude_n be_v by_o ptolemy_n and_o the_o ancient_a cosmographer_n set_v no_o far_o distant_a than_o the_o half_a circle_n contain_v 180_o degree_n because_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o earth_n lie_v at_o that_o time_n undiscovered_a the_o end_n of_o this_o space_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n at_o the_o far_a part_n of_o all_o india_n distant_a as_o we_o say_v from_o the_o fortunate_a land_n where_o ptolemy_n place_v the_o first_o meridian_n 180_o degree_n which_o be_v take_v in_o the_o meridian_n and_o resolve_v into_o miles_n according_a to_o our_o former_a rule_n will_v give_v 10800_o italian_a mile_n but_o this_o space_n delineate_v out_o by_o the_o ancient_n be_v very_o scant_o and_o narrow_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o part_n since_o found_v out_o be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a for_o beyond_o the_o bind_v set_v by_o ptolemy_n in_o the_o east_n it_o be_v manifest_v that_o 60_o degree_n be_v find_v out_o and_o make_v know_v a_o example_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o scythia_n without_o the_o mountain_n emaus_n which_o be_v know_v to_o extend_v itself_o 60_o degree_n eastward_o towards_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n so_o that_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o earth_n eastward_o be_v full_o know_v so_o far_o as_o 240_o degree_n which_o be_v measure_v in_o the_o equatour_n will_v amount_v unto_o 14000_o mile_n moreover_o towards_o the_o west_n beyond_o the_o fortunate_a land_n it_o be_v know_v to_o stretch_v to_o the_o far_a border_n of_o america_n so_o that_o 340_o degree_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v full_o detect_v if_o not_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v only_o 20_o degree_n which_o be_v only_o deficient_a to_o make_v up_o the_o whole_a circle_n which_o we_o may_v the_o soon_o credit_v because_o our_o time_n have_v bring_v forth_o for_o aught_o any_o author_n have_v relate_v the_o most_o excellent_a navigator_n of_o 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these_o 1_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v 48_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n slow_a in_o 24_o hour_n or_o 360_o degree_n then_o that_o of_o the_o sun_n 2_o that_o by_o observation_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o other_o mathematical_a help_n a_o artificer_n may_v know_v in_o any_o place_n first_o the_o meridian_n second_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n three_o the_o time_n of_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n 3_o the_o time_n of_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n may_v be_v know_v by_o a_o ephemerides_n these_o thing_n grant_v we_o will_v suppose_v for_o example_n that_o in_o london_n the_o moon_n on_o some_o set_a day_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n at_o four_o of_o the_o clock_n after_o noon_n 2_o that_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o west-indies_n the_o moon_n be_v observe_v to_o come_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o same_o day_n at_o 10_o minute_n after_o four_o these_o ground_n thus_o set_v down_o the_o distance_n of_o longitude_n of_o that_o place_n westward_o 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this_o meridian_n will_v cut_v the_o equatour_n in_o some_o degree_n or_o other_o which_o be_v number_v as_o before_o from_o the_o first_o meridian_n will_v show_v the_o direct_a longitude_n the_o like_a of_o which_o we_o have_v in_o the_o second_o case_n 2_o the_o meridian_n run_v through_o any_o place_n of_o the_o geographical_a table_n will_v point_v and_o design_n out_o in_o the_o equatour_n the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n this_o may_v easy_o be_v teach_v by_o the_o former_a way_n perform_v on_o the_o globe_n as_o for_o example_n if_o i_o shall_v inquire_v the_o longitude_n of_o paris_n the_o metropolis_n of_o france_n in_o a_o geographical_a map_n i_o find_v a_o meridian_n mark_v out_o which_o run_v if_o not_o direct_o through_o yet_o very_a near_o the_o say_a city_n this_o meridian_n i_o trace_v along_o to_o the_o southern_a part_n till_o i_o find_v it_o to_o meet_v and_o cut_v the_o equatour_n then_o observe_v i_o in_o what_o degree_n of_o the_o equatour_n it_o make_v his_o 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