of_o the_o pole_n arctic_a but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o the_o antarctick_a pole_n proposition_n iii_o in_o place_n lie_v beneath_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n no_o day_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o night_n except_o the_o two_o day_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_o but_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v either_o great_a or_o lesser_a than_o the_o night_n aequator_fw-la the_o day_n not_o equal_a to_o the_o night_n in_o place_n lie_v under_o the_o aequator_fw-la let_v any_o place_n in_o the_o globe_n be_v take_v beneath_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n and_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v according_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n and_o any_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v take_v except_o the_o day_n of_o the_o aequinox_n let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o that_o day_n be_v find_v and_o so_o be_v note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n let_v the_o parallel_n be_v describe_v which_o the_o sun_n make_v by_o his_o diurnal_a circumrotation_n let_v the_o two_o point_n of_o this_o parallel_n in_o the_o horizon_n be_v note_v and_o it_o will_v be_v manifest_a that_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o parallel_n above_o the_o horizon_n be_v great_a or_o lesser_a than_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o parallel_n lie_v hide_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n and_o so_o the_o day_n or_o stay_v of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n will_v be_v great_a or_o lesser_a than_o beneath_o it_o or_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n bring_v to_o the_o oriental_a horizon_n let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v above_o the_o 12_o hour_n of_o the_o horary_a circle_n and_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v come_v to_o the_o occidental_a horizon_n the_o index_n in_o the_o circle_n will_v show_v the_o number_n of_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n then_o let_v the_o index_n be_v bring_v back_o to_o 12_o and_o the_o globe_n turn_v round_o until_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n pass_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n 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this_o on_o the_o globe_n take_v what_o place_n you_o please_v and_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v according_a to_o its_o latitude_n then_o according_a to_o the_o precede_a proposition_n find_v out_o the_o number_n of_o the_o hour_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n than_o any_o other_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v take_v for_o any_o day_n of_o the_o year_n let_v the_o number_n of_o the_o hour_n again_o be_v find_v for_o that_o day_n and_o it_o will_v be_v manifest_a that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n be_v great_a than_o the_o number_n of_o the_o hour_n of_o another_o day_n and_o because_o this_o other_o day_n be_v take_v at_o pleasure_n and_o in_o every_o day_n the_o same_o demonstration_n be_v in_o force_n therefore_o the_o day_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n be_v the_o long_a of_o all_o day_n and_o consequent_o the_o short_a night_n after_o the_o same_o way_n we_o may_v show_v that_o the_o day_n be_v the_o short_a when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n and_o the_o night_n the_o long_a the_o same_o method_n of_o demonstration_n shall_v be_v observe_v for_o place_n situate_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o antarctick_a pole_n proposition_n vi_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n to_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n the_o day_n continual_o increase_v and_o whilst_o he_o move_v from_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n unto_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n they_o continual_o decrease_v but_o it_o be_v contrary_a in_o the_o place_n southern_o for_o they_o increase_v from_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n to_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n and_o decrease_v from_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n to_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n earth_n of_o the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o the_o day_n in_o the_o northern_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n take_v any_o northern_a place_n you_o please_v in_o the_o globe_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n arctic_a and_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o that_o place_n then_o take_v two_o or_o more_o of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o he_o between_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n and_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n he_o quantity_n of_o the_o day_n may_v be_v find_v for_o these_o point_n or_o for_o the_o sun_n then_o in_o those_o point_n and_o it_o will_v be_v manifest_a that_o the_o day_n from_o the_o day_n of_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n being_n more_o remote_a will_v be_v great_a than_o that_o day_n which_o be_v more_o near_o to_o the_o same_o day_n of_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n the_o same_o way_n we_o must_v use_v in_o the_o day_n situate_v between_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n and_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n and_o in_o place_n seat_v southern_o we_o shall_v show_v the_o proposition_n by_o such_o like_a method_n the_o demonstration_n will_v be_v more_o perspicuous_a if_o that_o it_o be_v do_v through_o the_o parallel_n arch_n which_o be_v above_o and_o under_o the_o horizon_n proposition_n vii_o if_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o more_o propincate_a to_o the_o pole_n than_o another_o place_n short_a according_a to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n of_o earth_n to_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v long_o and_o short_a the_o difference_n be_v great_a between_o the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n and_o the_o long_a day_n be_v great_a and_o the_o short_a night_n be_v less_o contrariwise_o if_o the_o place_n be_v more_o nigh_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o difference_n between_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v lesser_a and_o the_o long_a day_n besser_n and_o the_o short_a night_n great_a so_o that_o the_o place_n near_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o situate_a in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n have_v almost_o all_o the_o day_n equal_a to_o the_o night_n as_o the_o place_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la itself_o and_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o long_a day_n above_o that_o of_o the_o aequinoctial_a about_o one_o hour_n take_v in_o the_o globe_n two_o place_n one_o more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o other_o more_o nigh_o and_o take_v what_o day_n of_o the_o year_n you_o please_v except_o the_o aequinox_n you_o may_v show_v that_o in_o the_o place_n more_o remote_a the_o day_n more_o differ_v from_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o night_n than_o in_o a_o place_n more_o near_o the_o aequator_fw-la let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v
find_v at_o the_o day_n take_v and_o note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o globe_n then_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o one_o place_n take_v and_o let_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n or_o the_o stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o or_o beneath_o the_o horizon_n in_o that_o place_n at_o the_o assume_v day_n be_v find_v by_o the_o six_o proposition_n of_o this_o chap._n then_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o other_o place_n and_o let_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n or_o stay_v of_o the_o sun_n above_o or_o beneath_o the_o horizon_n be_v find_v at_o the_o same_o assume_v day_n let_v this_o longitude_n so_o find_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o other_o and_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n will_v be_v manifest_a so_o that_o the_o place_n more_o remote_a have_v all_o the_o day_n of_o one_o half_a year_n long_o than_o the_o place_n more_o nigh_o on_o 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arch_n in_o these_o denote_v the_o stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n then_o let_v the_o second_o place_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n or_o vertex_fw-la that_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n may_v be_v the_o horizon_n of_o it_o and_o let_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o tropic_a above_o the_o horizon_n again_o be_v mark_v which_o if_o it_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o former_a we_o shall_v find_v that_o they_o be_v equal_a the_o same_o may_v be_v show_v also_o by_o hour_n on_o the_o horary_a circle_n therefore_o the_o sun_n remain_v a_o equal_a time_n above_o the_o orison_n of_o those_o place_n and_o therefore_o the_o day_n shall_v be_v equal_a as_o also_o the_o night_n definition_n from_o these_o aforesaid_a proposition_n the_o original_a of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o climate_n be_v easy_o to_o be_v understand_v climate_n observation_n concern_v a_o climate_n for_o a_o climate_n be_v say_v to_o be_v one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o those_o 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a_o climate_n by_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n or_o a_o half_a difference_n wherein_o the_o long_a day_n of_o the_o end_n of_o a_o climate_n exceed_v the_o long_a day_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o climate_n a_o parallel_n space_n be_v say_v to_o be_v that_o which_o the_o middle_a parallel_n of_o a_o climate_n comprehend_v with_o the_o begin_n or_o end_n of_o a_o climate_n proposition_n ix_o if_o more_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v take_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n who_o distance_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la equal_o augment_v from_o one_o degree_n to_o 10_o 20_o 30_o 40_o degree_n the_o long_a day_n in_o these_o place_n shall_v not_o be_v equal_o great_a or_o not_o equal_o augment_v but_o they_o shall_v more_o augment_v in_o place_n more_o remote_a and_o where_o the_o place_n be_v more_o near_o to_o the_o pole_n pole_n touch_v the_o length_n of_o day_n of_o place_n take_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n to_o show_v the_o verity_n of_o 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the_o aequator_fw-la note_v what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o show_v concern_v the_o long_a day_n that_o be_v true_a of_o all_o the_o day_n of_o one_o half_a of_o the_o year_n and_o be_v demonstrate_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n if_o instead_o of_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n the_o parallel_n of_o the_o place_n be_v take_v and_o therefore_o although_o general_n must_v be_v deliver_v general_o yet_o because_o the_o doctrine_n of_o climate_n especial_o require_v the_o explication_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o long_a day_n therefore_o we_o do_v not_o observe_v in_o this_o doctrine_n that_o law_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d proposition_n x._o if_o so_o many_o place_n or_o parallel_n be_v so_o take_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o
term_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o twilight_n in_o which_o either_o before_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o after_o his_o set_n some_o light_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o air._n year_n for_o the_o find_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o twilight_n by_o the_o globe_n of_o any_o place_n and_o day_n of_o the_o year_n for_o the_o find_n out_o of_o the_o quantity_n of_o this_o time_n we_o must_v suppose_v that_o which_o be_v observe_v by_o astronomer_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o nineteenth_o chapter_n that_o the_o morning_n twilight_n begin_v for_o the_o most_o part_n if_o the_o air_n be_v serene_a the_o sun_n draw_v nigh_o to_o the_o eighteen_o degree_n of_o depression_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o evening_n end_v when_o the_o sun_n have_v come_v to_o that_o degree_n of_o depression_n let_v therefore_o the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v and_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v find_v from_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v seek_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o globe_n and_o let_v his_o opposite_a point_n be_v note_v then_o let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o the_o point_n note_v be_v find_v to_o the_o horizon_n the_o index_n to_o the_o twelve_o hour_n of_o the_o cycle_n then_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o the_o note_a point_n be_v elevate_v 18_o degree_n above_o the_o horizon_n which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o quadrant_n for_o so_o shall_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v depress_v so_o many_o degree_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o index_n in_o the_o cycle_n shall_v show_v how_o many_o hour_n or_o part_n of_o a_o hour_n the_o serenity_n of_o the_o air_n be_v lay_v down_o the_o twilight_n continue_v that_o day_n in_o the_o place_n give_v it_o be_v convenient_a by_o three_o example_n to_o learn_v the_o use_n of_o this_o problem_n choose_v a_o place_n for_o one_o of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n another_o of_o the_o temperate_a and_o a_o three_o of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n proposition_n viii_o in_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o twilight_n be_v small_a very_o long_o in_o those_o of_o the_o frigid_a and_o moderate_a in_o those_o of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n zone_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o twilight_n in_o the_o several_a zone_n for_o in_o place_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o those_o near_a the_o crepusculum_fw-la according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n lay_v down_o in_o the_o former_a proposition_n be_v of_o about_o one_o hour_n which_o yet_o experience_n testify_v be_v only_a half_a a_o hour_n or_o little_o more_o because_o the_o more_o thick_a and_o gross_a air_n be_v not_o so_o high_a there_o as_o be_v require_v to_o make_v the_o twilight_n to_o the_o 18_o degree_n of_o depression_n both_o also_o because_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o 18_o degree_n be_v to_o be_v take_v concern_v very_o small_a light_n with_o which_o the_o twilight_n begin_v such_o as_o yet_o be_v not_o account_v by_o the_o vulgar_a for_o a_o twilight_n in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n the_o twilight_n continue_v for_o many_o day_n when_o the_o sun_n remain_v beneath_o their_o horizon_n in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n it_o continue_v 3_o 4_o 5_o and_o 6_o hour_n and_o in_o some_o place_n all_o night_n and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o summer_n according_a as_o the_o place_n be_v more_o or_o less_o nigh_o the_o frigid_a zone_n all_o these_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o mode_n propose_v in_o the_o precedent_a proposition_n proposition_n ix_o a_o place_n be_v give_v in_o the_o temperate_a or_o frigid_a zone_n and_o another_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o moreover_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v give_v to_o find_v out_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n in_o which_o hour_n the_o sun_n may_v have_v the_o altitude_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o that_o place_n and_o so_o strike_v that_o place_n with_o his_o ray_n equal_o elevate_v as_o great_a as_o it_o have_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n in_o the_o meridies_n itself_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a or_o frigid_a zone_n and_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n find_v from_o the_o day_n give_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o altitude_n of_o it_o reckon_v for_o this_o be_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o ray_n heat_n that_o place_n and_o illustrate_v it_o in_o the_o meridies_n then_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o let_v the_o degree_n of_o altitude_n before_o find_v out_o be_v note_v in_o it_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o index_n to_o the_o twelve_o hour_n of_o the_o cycle_n then_o let_v both_o the_o globe_n and_o the_o quadrant_n be_v move_v till_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n agree_v with_o the_o note_a degree_n of_o the_o quadrant_n for_o so_o the_o sun_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o altitude_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o this_o place_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o meridies_n of_o the_o former_a the_o index_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n demand_v in_o the_o cycle_n therefore_o this_o hour_n and_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n illustrate_v and_o beat_v of_o the_o place_n and_o air_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v as_o equal_o elevate_v over_o the_o horizon_n of_o it_o as_o the_o ray_n in_o the_o meridies_n of_o the_o former_a place_n it_o thence_o follow_v that_o the_o same_o heat_n will_v be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n at_o the_o hour_n find_v out_o as_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n in_o the_o meridies_n except_o other_o cause_n intercede_v hindrance_n some_o hindrance_n viz._n first_o that_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o forego_n day_n have_v introduce_v some_o one_o or_o other_o calid_a constitution_n to_o the_o place_n and_o the_o air_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o not_o such_o and_o so_o great_a in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a or_o frigid_a zone_n then_o second_o that_o the_o sun_n strait_o ascend_v towards_o the_o meridian_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n send_v forth_o all_o his_o ray_n to_o the_o place_n as_o in_o one_o plain_a and_o to_o one_o plaga_fw-la and_o therefore_o cause_v great_a heat_n than_o in_o the_o temperate_a or_o frigid_a zone_n where_o the_o sun_n move_v oblique_o from_o the_o horizon_n to_o the_o meridian_n and_o send_v forth_o his_o ray_n from_o one_o and_o another_o plaga_fw-la therefore_o the_o ray_n be_v not_o contract_v into_o a_o place_n so_o narrow_a nor_o do_v they_o continual_o heat_n for_o example_n let_v we_o seek_v in_o what_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n in_o place_n be_v under_o the_o very_a aequator_fw-la on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_o the_o sun_n will_v have_v that_o altitude_n as_o he_o have_v at_o amstelodame_n on_o the_o meridies_n of_o the_o same_o day_n proposition_n x._o how_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n heat_n and_o of_o the_o season_n which_o we_o have_v reckon_v up_o in_o the_o first_o proposition_n of_o this_o chapter_n have_v themselves_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o how_o to_o show_v they_o show_v of_o the_o seasont_n light_n and_o heat_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o how_o they_o be_v show_v first_o every_o day_n of_o the_o year_n ascend_v direct_o above_o the_o horizon_n of_o those_o place_n especial_o of_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o they_o and_o therefore_o about_o the_o nine_o hour_n of_o forenoon_n he_o hegin_v to_o ejaculate_a to_o those_o place_n ray_n about_o 40_o degree_n decline_v from_o the_o perpendicular_a ray_n which_o rectitude_n of_o the_o ray_n or_o perpendicular_a of_o the_o ray_n augment_v towards_o the_o meridies_n and_o again_o decrease_v continue_v to_o the_o four_o hour_n after_o the_o meridies_n or_o noonstead_n where_o the_o sun_n depart_v towards_o the_o occidental_a horizon_n begin_v to_o send_v forth_o his_o ray_n more_o oblique_o to_o those_o place_n therefore_o the_o great_a heat_n in_o those_o place_n ought_v to_o be_v from_o about_o the_o nine_o hour_n before_o noon_n even_o to_o the_o three_o or_o four_o after_o noon_n if_o that_o this_o cause_n be_v only_o regard_v but_o yet_o because_o the_o sun_n now_o depart_v from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o those_o place_n and_o sometime_o approach_v near_o therefore_o the_o winter_n of_o every_o one_o of_o those_o place_n shall_v be_v when_o the_o sun_n go_v from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a much_o remote_a from_o those_o place_n that_o be_v from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n or_o capricorn_n towards_o the_o point_n have_v a_o middle_a
the_o moon_n from_o the_o earth_n in_o her_o full_a be_v 64_o semidiamiter_n of_o the_o earth_n therefore_o n_n l_o shall_v be_v 11_o 15_o and_o the_o proportion_n shall_v be_v make_v thus_o as_o 64_o be_v to_o a_o 11_o 15_o so_o be_v 10000000_o to_o 114583_o which_o be_v the_o sign_n 39_o minute_n therefore_o the_o arch_n h_o l_o be_v less_o than_o 90_o deg._n 39_o minute_n and_o therefore_o 89_o deg._n 21._o minute_n therefore_o in_o the_o place_n to_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v vertical_a constitute_v in_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o horizon_n the_o people_n to_o who_o the_o moon_n than_o rise_v and_o set_v shall_v not_o be_v those_o which_o be_v behold_v in_o the_o very_a horizon_n but_o those_o in_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o horizon_n distant_a from_o it_o 39_o minute_n proposition_n xx._n the_o declination_n of_o any_o star_n be_v give_v to_o exhibit_v all_o the_o place_n on_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n unto_o which_o that_o star_n be_v vertical_a in_o his_o diurnal_a circumvolution_n star_n of_o the_o declination_n of_o star_n let_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o give_v declination_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v number_v on_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o in_o the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n make_v a_o sign_n with_o a_o chalk_n or_o let_v a_o parallel_n be_v note_v on_o the_o globe_n by_o a_o chalk_n apply_v and_o the_o globe_n turn_v round_o all_o the_o place_n situate_v in_o this_o parallel_n be_v those_o which_o pass_v through_o the_o note_a point_n of_o the_o meridian_n the_o vertex_fw-la of_o which_o that_o star_n in_o every_o diurnal_a circumvolution_n shall_v possess_v for_o some_o moment_n of_o time_n proposition_n xxi_o the_o direct_a ascension_n of_o any_o star_n be_v give_v and_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o give_v day_n be_v give_v to_o show_v all_o those_o place_n on_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n on_o who_o meridian_n the_o star_n be_v at_o the_o give_v hour_n star_n concern_v the_o ascension_n of_o any_o star_n let_v the_o degree_n give_v of_o the_o right_a ascension_n of_o the_o star_n be_v number_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o let_v a_o mark_n be_v make_v with_o chalk_n let_v also_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n find_v from_o the_o give_v day_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o let_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o meridian_n be_v note_v let_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la intercept_v between_o these_o two_o note_a point_n be_v observe_v or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o let_v it_o be_v change_v into_o hour_n or_o scruple_n of_o hour_n for_o they_o show_v the_o time_n which_o intercede_v between_o the_o appulse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o star_n at_o any_o meridian_n this_o do_v let_v the_o place_n be_v find_v in_o who_o meridian_n the_o sun_n be_v at_o the_o give_v hour_n or_o scruple_n of_o a_o hour_n and_o the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o 12_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o hour_n before_o note_v or_o until_o the_o note_a degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la have_v pass_v the_o meridian_n in_o this_o situation_n of_o the_o globe_n all_o those_o place_n which_o be_v discover_v subject_a to_o the_o meridian_n be_v those_o seek_v for_o to_o wit_n those_o in_o who_o meridian_n the_o star_n be_v at_o the_o give_v time_n proposition_n xxii_o the_o right_a declination_n and_o ascension_n of_o a_o star_n be_v give_v and_o any_o time_n of_o the_o day_n be_v give_v to_o exhibit_v on_o the_o globe_n first_o that_o place_n to_o which_o the_o star_n be_v then_o vertical_a second_o all_o those_o place_n above_o who_o orison_n the_o star_n then_o shall_v be_v and_o those_o beneath_o who_o orison_n the_o same_o shall_v then_o be_v also_o those_o in_o who_o meridian_n it_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o meridies_n and_o in_o who_o meridian_n it_o shall_v be_v at_o midnight_n also_o in_o all_o those_o place_n in_o which_o the_o star_n shall_v then_o arise_v and_o all_o those_o in_o which_o it_o shall_v then_o set_v from_o the_o direct_a ascension_n let_v the_o place_n be_v find_v in_o who_o meridian_n the_o star_n be_v at_o the_o time_n give_v and_o those_o may_v remain_v subject_a to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n then_o let_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o give_v declination_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n be_v number_v and_o the_o point_n of_o the_o globe_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n be_v note_v for_o this_o be_v the_o place_n unto_o which_o the_o star_n shall_v be_v vertical_a at_o the_o time_n let_v it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o horizon_n the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o latitude_n so_o those_o place_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o superior_a semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n shall_v have_v that_o star_n at_o the_o give_v time_n in_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o meridies_n but_o those_o place_n which_o be_v behold_v in_o the_o inseriour_a semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n shall_v have_v it_o in_o the_o meridian_n of_o midnight_n and_o those_o place_n which_o be_v behold_v in_o the_o oriental_a semicircle_n of_o the_o horizon_n be_v those_o to_o which_o the_o star_n set_v at_o once_o at_o that_o time_n but_o to_o those_o which_o lie_v in_o the_o occidental_a semicircle_n of_o the_o horizon_n the_o star_n than_o arise_v together_o proposition_n xxiii_o to_o exhibit_v on_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n all_o those_o place_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o all_o the_o star_n for_o so_o long_a time_n be_v obscure_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n as_o they_o remain_v to_o we_o or_o any_o other_o give_v place_n above_o the_o horizon_n let_v our_o place_n or_o any_o other_o give_v place_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o let_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o antaeci_n be_v find_v all_o the_o place_n situate_v in_o this_o parallel_n be_v these_o seek_v for_o as_o may_v be_v show_v on_o the_o globe_n if_o that_o the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v and_o depress_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o parallel_n find_v proposition_n xxiv_o to_o show_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o day_n soon_o augment_v and_o decrease_v about_o the_o aequinox_n and_o more_o slow_o about_o the_o solstice_n where_o for_o many_o day_n there_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o increase_n or_o decrease_v and_o that_o except_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o all_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v more_o remove_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la solstice_n concern_v the_o augment_v and_o decrease_v of_o the_o day_n about_o the_o aequinox_n and_o solstice_n for_o example_n let_v we_o take_v 30_o day_n before_o the_o vernal_a aequinox_n from_o the_o 20_o of_o february_n to_o the_o 21_o of_o march_n and_o 30_o day_n after_o the_o solstice_n of_o winter_n or_o the_o solstice_n of_o capricorn_n from_o the_o 21_o of_o december_n to_o the_o 21_o of_o january_n here_o the_o cause_n must_v be_v show_v why_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o 21_o of_o march_n or_o stay_v of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n above_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o 20_o of_o february_n be_v much_o great_a than_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o 21_o of_o january_n be_v above_o the_o 21_o of_o december_n let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o every_o one_o of_o those_o 4_o day_n be_v note_v on_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o globe_n to_o wit_n the_o first_o degree_n of_o pisces_fw-la of_o aries_n capricorn_n and_o aquarius_n and_o let_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v describe_v whereof_o two_o be_v extant_a in_o the_o globe_n viz._n the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v apparent_a that_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o parallel_v of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o 1_o of_o aries_n be_v absent_a a_o far_o long_a interval_n from_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o 1_o of_o pisces_fw-la than_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o 1_o of_o aquarius_n from_o the_o parallel_n in_o the_o 1_o of_o capricorn_n thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o not_o much_o a_o big_a portion_n of_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o 1_o of_o aquarius_n be_v above_o the_o horizon_n than_o of_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o 1_o of_o capricorn_n or_o of_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n itself_o now_o these_o part_n show_v the_o stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n in_o those_o day_n but_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o parallel_v of_o the_o 1_o of_o aries_n that_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n be_v much_o big_a than_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o 1_o of_o pisces_fw-la now_o because_o these_o arch_n be_v above_o the_o horizon_n denote_v the_o stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n for_o this_o be_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o day_n hence_o we_o
not_o appear_v every_o night_n for_o it_o be_v know_v concern_v the_o moon_n as_o also_o with_o the_o attendant_n of_o jupiter_n that_o they_o rise_v and_o set_v with_o the_o sun_n near_o to_o jupiter_n and_o moreover_o that_o they_o have_v a_o great_a difficulty_n of_o observe_v in_o the_o ship_n join_v or_o accompany_v with_o the_o flow_n of_o wave_n for_o this_o reason_n many_o leave_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o attendance_n of_o jupiter_n fly_v to_o the_o automatical_a horologe_n and_o advise_v the_o mechanical_a artificer_n so_o to_o endeavour_v to_o prepare_v a_o machine_n or_o horologe_n as_o may_v be_v subject_a to_o no_o error_n so_o that_o it_o may_v show_v 24_o hour_n at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v circumvolve_v and_o may_v make_v one_o day_n or_o 24_o hour_n and_o may_v neither_o anticipate_v or_o postdate_v the_o time_n place_n a_o move_a dial_n very_o useful_a for_o the_o find_v the_o longitude_n of_o place_n if_o that_o such_o a_o automaton_n can_v be_v make_v it_o will_v be_v very_o apt_a and_o afford_v a_o most_o facile_a invention_n of_o longitude_n to_o navigator_n for_o before_o that_o they_o set_v sail_n from_o any_o place_n the_o hour_n of_o that_o place_n must_v be_v observe_v accurate_o at_o some_o time_n which_o be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n and_o the_o automaton_n be_v to_o be_v dispose_v at_o that_o hour_n and_o so_o in_o every_o day_n it_o will_v show_v the_o hour_n of_o this_o place_n if_o that_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o fault_n when_o therefore_o that_o place_n be_v leave_v it_o come_v to_o another_o who_o longitude_n or_o distance_n of_o the_o meridian_n from_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o departure_n we_o desire_v to_o know_v nothing_o remain_v to_o be_v do_v but_o that_o we_o shall_v observe_v in_o this_o place_n the_o hour_n from_o heaven_n which_o in_o the_o day_n time_n be_v do_v by_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o night_n by_o the_o star_n without_o much_o labour_n of_o this_o place_n and_o also_o look_v on_o the_o automaton_n what_o hour_n then_o be_v in_o the_o place_n or_o meridian_n whence_o we_o depart_v so_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o hour_n of_o two_o place_n at_o the_o same_o moment_n of_o time_n and_o therefore_o that_o difference_n of_o hour_n if_o that_o it_o be_v change_v into_o degree_n and_o minute_n as_o have_v be_v say_v already_o it_o will_v show_v the_o longitude_n of_o this_o place_n from_o the_o meridian_n of_o our_o place_n whence_o we_o depart_v and_o so_o the_o degree_n in_o the_o map_n or_o globe_n be_v number_v from_o this_o meridian_n whence_o we_o depart_v they_o will_v show_v â—he_n meridian_n where_o we_o be_v but_o notwithstanding_o artist_n have_v hitherto_o show_v great_a industry_n in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o automaton_n of_o such_o perfection_n yet_o none_o have_v be_v so_o happy_a to_o accomplish_v the_o same_o for_o both_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o matter_n whence_o they_o be_v make_v lack_v such_o a_o perfection_n and_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o air_n take_v away_o the_o perpetual_a equality_n of_o the_o motion_n for_o when_o the_o air_n be_v cold_a it_o move_v more_o slow_o than_o when_o the_o air_n be_v warm_a so_o that_o the_o automaton_n which_o the_o hollander_n place_v in_o their_o house_n when_o they_o live_v a_o whole_a winter_n in_o nova_n zembla_n cease_v whole_o from_o motion_n although_o that_o they_o add_v more_o weight_n to_o it_o than_o be_v usual_a now_o for_o the_o correct_v this_o defect_n in_o these_o automatical_a horology_n or_o clock_n error_n the_o automatical_a horologe_n subject_a to_o error_n they_o advise_v we_o every_o day_n to_o place_v the_o horologe_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o that_o place_n in_o which_o or_o unto_o which_o they_o then_o be_v come_v but_o although_o this_o be_v do_v yet_o a_o great_a error_n may_v creep_v into_o the_o invention_n of_o longitude_n for_o if_o on_o the_o second_o day_n of_o our_o go_v forth_o the_o longitude_n of_o this_o place_n or_o meridian_n may_v be_v find_v out_o from_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o automaton_n compare_v with_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n unto_o which_o we_o be_v come_v and_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o automaton_n do_v not_o altogether_o exact_o agree_v with_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n whence_o we_o set_v sail_n thence_o it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o defective_a longitude_n may_v be_v take_v and_o a_o false_a meridian_n note_v in_o the_o map_n for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o day_n in_o the_o follow_a day_n viz._n on_o the_o three_o day_n a_o false_a longitude_n shall_v again_o be_v find_v and_o that_o be_v number_v from_o the_o false_a meridian_n of_o the_o precede_a day_n shall_v duplicate_v the_o error_n on_o the_o four_o day_n again_o it_o shall_v be_v augment_v and_o the_o defect_n shall_v be_v triplicate_v on_o the_o five_o day_n it_o shall_v be_v four_o time_n worse_o and_o so_o on_o for_o example_n if_o that_o a_o horologe_n in_o the_o space_n of_o 24_o hour_n prove_v defective_a in_o the_o celestial_a motion_n and_o revolution_n for_o the_o 15_o part_n of_o a_o hour_n which_o perfection_n our_o artificer_n do_v seldom_o exceed_v the_o longitude_n find_v from_o it_o shall_v be_v great_a or_o lesser_a than_o a_o whole_a degree_n for_o 1_o 13_o of_o a_o hour_n make_v a_o degree_n and_o so_o a_o false_a meridian_n of_o this_o day_n shall_v be_v note_v in_o the_o map_n which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o true_a a_o degree_n or_o 15_o mile_n and_o on_o the_o three_o day_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o automaton_n err_v again_o the_o 15_o part_n of_o a_o hour_n here_o again_o will_v be_v the_o defect_n of_o one_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o see_v that_o the_o note_a meridian_n of_o the_o former_a day_n be_v also_o absent_a one_o degree_n from_o the_o meridian_n which_o be_v true_a and_o from_o thence_o the_o numeration_n be_v make_v for_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o three_o day_n here_o now_o will_v be_v a_o meridian_n remove_v two_o degree_n that_o be_v thirty_o mile_n in_o the_o aequator_fw-la on_o the_o four_o day_n three_o degree_n on_o the_o five_o day_n four_o degree_n that_o be_v sixty_o mile_n so_o that_o at_o length_n the_o numerated_a longitude_n and_o the_o note_a meridian_n will_v be_v far_o from_o the_o meridian_n in_o which_o the_o ship_n than_o be_v and_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o this_o mode_n be_v not_o perfect_a and_o be_v therefore_o neglect_v by_o mariner_n lemma_n because_o that_o in_o all_o the_o precede_a modes_n of_o find_v out_o of_o a_o longitude_n the_o hour_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v for_o at_o the_o time_n of_o observation_n therefore_o we_o shall_v explain_v the_o same_o mode_n from_o the_o principle_n of_o astronomy_n by_o which_o it_o be_v do_v for_o concern_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n which_o also_o be_v require_v we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o 23_o chapter_n in_o the_o day_n time_n the_o sun_n must_v be_v observe_v â—3_n see_v chap._n â—3_n in_o the_o night_n the_o most_o remarkable_a star_n at_o both_o time_n it_o be_v best_o to_o expect_v the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n be_v in_o the_o meridian_n and_o for_o the_o know_v the_o hour_n and_o horary_a scruple_n of_o the_o other_o remain_v part_n of_o time_n a_o most_o exact_a automaton_n must_v be_v use_v for_o a_o automaton_n will_v little_o err_v above_o the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o day_n if_o it_o be_v exact_o make_v and_o so_o we_o shall_v have_v no_o need_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o this_o case_n which_o yet_o we_o ought_v to_o know_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o parallel_n concern_v the_o day_n therefore_o the_o sun_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o meridian_n we_o know_v the_o 12_o hour_n to_o be_v in_o the_o place_n and_o therefore_o the_o automaton_n must_v be_v place_v at_o this_o very_a moment_n of_o time_n to_o show_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o follow_a time_n but_o if_o the_o phoenomenon_n must_v be_v observe_v before_o the_o meridies_n let_v the_o automaton_n be_v dispose_v at_o the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o observation_n and_o then_o let_v the_o appulse_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o meridian_n be_v observe_v and_o then_o look_v on_o the_o automaton_n the_o hour_n may_v be_v know_v which_o be_v elapse_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o observation_n to_o the_o meridies_n or_o 12_o hour_n whence_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o observation_n shall_v be_v know_v but_o if_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v without_o the_o meridian_n you_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o hour_n from_o the_o heaven_n let_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v take_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o phoenomenon_n or_o appearance_n then_o on_o the_o spherical_a triangle_n from_o three_o give_v side_n which_o be_v the_o
channel_n as_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o zenega_n which_o only_o have_v four_o hour_n whether_o the_o cause_n ought_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o channel_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n or_o unto_o the_o swift_a deflux_n of_o zenega_n which_o may_v prohibit_v the_o influx_n for_o two_o hour_n or_o whether_o to_o some_o other_o cause_n i_o question_v and_o require_v a_o more_o accurate_a observation_n viz._n whether_o it_o decrease_v eight_o hour_n or_o only_o six_o hour_n and_o in_o the_o other_o two_o do_v neither_o increase_v nor_o decrease_v because_o the_o strong_a flux_n of_o the_o river_n hinder_v the_o flux_n that_o also_o must_v be_v consider_v that_o depress_v and_o low_a place_n may_v have_v the_o flux_n in_o more_o hour_n and_o the_o deflux_n in_o few_o proposition_n xx._n whether_o the_o flux_n do_v begin_v when_o the_o moon_n touch_v the_o horizon_n or_o in_o the_o increment_n be_v in_o the_o place_n who_o the_o horizon_n be_v so_o they_o common_o say_v but_o yet_o we_o hold_v the_o contrary_a in_o those_o place_n in_o which_o the_o water_n be_v at_o the_o high_a when_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o meridian_n for_o when_o the_o moon_n decline_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o south_n than_o she_o arrive_v at_o the_o meridian_n in_o less_o than_o six_o hour_n and_o therefore_o the_o flux_n shall_v begin_v when_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v yet_o depress_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n on_o the_o contrary_a when_o that_o the_o moon_n decline_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n she_o require_v more_o than_o six_o hour_n to_o come_v from_o the_o horizon_n to_o the_o meridian_n and_o therefore_o when_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n unto_o the_o horary_a circle_n of_o the_o six_o hour_n then_o at_o length_n the_o flux_n begin_v and_o so_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o most_o place_n but_o the_o contrary_n be_v at_o london_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o precedent_a proposition_n nineteeen_o see_v proposition_n nineteeen_o and_o the_o reason_n seem_v to_o require_v that_o although_o the_o moon_n decline_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n yet_o that_o the_o flux_n shall_v begin_v in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o horizon_n for_o then_o the_o place_n be_v distant_a by_o a_o quarter_n from_o the_o place_n unto_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v vertical_a and_o therefore_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o sea_n come_v or_o extend_v hither_o and_o here_o more_o accurate_a observation_n be_v require_v proposition_n xxi_o the_o hour_n be_v give_v in_o which_o the_o great_a or_o least_o altitude_n of_o the_o water_n be_v on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o new_a or_o full_a moon_n in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ordinary_a flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v viz._n of_o six_o hour_n with_o twelve_o degree_n to_o determine_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n follow_v after_o the_o new_a moon_n in_o which_o the_o great_a or_o least_o altitude_n shall_v be_v proposition_n see_v the_o forego_n proposition_n we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o forego_n proposition_n that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o great_a increase_n and_o decrease_v if_o we_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o middle_a motion_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o sun_n in_o one_o day_n after_o place_v 48_o ¾_n horary_a minute_n in_o half_a a_o day_n 24_o â…œ_n minute_n if_o therefore_o the_o great_a increase_n in_o any_o place_n happen_v on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o new_a or_o full_a moon_n on_o the_o twelve_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n these_o hour_n of_o increase_n shall_v be_v on_o the_o follow_a day_n the_o age_n of_o â—he_n moon_n the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n scruple_n 1_o 12_o 48_o 2_o 1_o 37_o 3_o 2_o 27_o 4_o 3_o 17_o 5_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 4_o 55_o 7_o 5_o 59_o 8_o 6_o 49_o 9_o 7_o 23_o 10_o 8_o 12_o 11_o 8_o 56_o 12_o 9_o 51_o 13_o 10_o 40_o 14_o 11_o 29_o 14½_n 12_o mid_a night_n  _fw-fr 15_o 12_o mid_a day_n  _fw-fr viz._n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o age_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o great_a intumescency_n fall_v out_o late_a by_o 48¼_n horary_a minute_n but_o in_o practice_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o add_v to_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o new_a moon_n for_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o day_n 48_o minute_n or_o ¼_n of_o a_o hour_n for_o the_o end_n hour_n of_o the_o second_o 1½_n for_o the_o three_o 2½_n for_o the_o four_o 3¼_n for_o the_o five_o 4_o for_o the_o six_o 5_o for_o the_o seven_o 5¼_n for_o the_o eight_o 6¾_n for_o the_o nine_o 7_o for_o the_o ten_o 8¼_n for_o the_o eleven_o 9_o for_o the_o twelve_o 9¼_n for_o the_o thirteen_o 10â…”_n for_o the_o fourteen_o 11½_n for_o the_o fifteen_o 12¼_n this_o supputation_n of_o time_n suppose_v the_o middle_a or_o equal_a motion_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o sun_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v unequal_a so_o that_o the_o moon_n in_o her_o perigee_n depart_v more_o swift_o from_o the_o sun_n than_o in_o her_o apogee_n and_o therefore_o then_o the_o great_a increase_n be_v long_o protract_v than_o six_o hour_n and_o twelve_o minute_n but_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o apogee_n the_o increase_n be_v more_o quick_a for_o certain_a true_a lunary_n month_n exceed_v 30_o day_n other_o be_v less_o than_o 29_o day_n day_n true_a lunary_n month_n exceed_v 30._o day_n when_o that_o the_o mean_v of_o 29_o day_n twelve_o hour_n 44_o minute_n be_v assume_v but_o in_o place_n where_o the_o great_a or_o least_o altitude_n be_v make_v by_o the_o appulse_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o a_o certain_a vertical_a place_n although_o it_o be_v do_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n yet_o for_o all_o that_o the_o time_n be_v not_o so_o accurate_o discover_v for_o neither_o do_v the_o same_o time_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v join_v to_o the_o sun_n fall_v out_o on_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n or_o the_o same_o moment_n of_o the_o same_o hour_n in_o divers_a new_a moon_n how_o this_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n 37._o see_v chap._n 30._o and_o 37._o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o xxx_o chapter_n and_o in_o the_o thirty_o seven_o chapter_n we_o shall_v treat_v more_o of_o the_o use_n of_o navigation_n concern_v a_o more_o accurate_a method_n we_o may_v also_o use_v this_o method_n for_o those_o place_n where_o the_o time_n of_o the_o flux_n be_v more_o or_o less_o than_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deflux_n so_o that_o we_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o difference_n the_o consideration_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o and_o practice_n will_v more_o easy_o teach_v this_o than_o our_o discourse_n proposition_n xxii_o the_o wind_n do_v oftentimes_o protract_v and_o often_o diminish_v the_o time_n of_o the_o flux_n or_o reflux_n in_o some_o place_n neither_o be_v wind_n of_o that_o place_n only_o able_a to_o do_v it_o but_o wind_n blow_v in_o a_o other_o place_n may_v also_o effect_v the_o same_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n be_v so_o manifest_a that_o it_o need_v no_o demonstration_n proposition_n xxiii_o great_a be_v the_o variety_n of_o peculiar_a or_o proper_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n viz._n in_o which_o a_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v move_v either_o perpetual_o or_o in_o some_o certain_a month_n senator_n peculiar_a motion_n of_o the_o senator_n the_o first_o of_o those_o peculiar_a motion_n which_o be_v most_o considerable_a be_v that_o motion_n by_o which_o part_n of_o the_o atlantic_a or_o african_a ocean_n about_o guinee_n be_v move_v from_o cape_n verd_fw-mi towards_o the_o bend_n of_o africa_n which_o be_v call_v fernando_n poo_n that_o be_v from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o general_a motion_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n now_o this_o motion_n be_v vehement_a so_o that_o it_o violent_o toss_v the_o ship_n approach_v to_o the_o shore_n unto_o this_o gulf_n beyond_o the_o imagination_n of_o the_o mariner_n and_o supputation_n of_o their_o voyage_n thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o ship_n which_o have_v sail_v in_o two_o day_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o mourrae_n to_o rio_n de_fw-fr benin_n which_o be_v one_o hundred_o mile_n scarce_o in_o six_o or_o seven_o week_n can_v return_v from_o rio_n de_fw-fr benin_n to_o mourrie_v except_o they_o launch_v out_o into_o the_o middle_a sea_n which_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v perform_v see_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v move_v with_o a_o strong_a motion_n to_o the_o north-east_n quarter_n from_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n thomas_n to_o the_o gulf_n of_o fernando_n poo_n carry_v in_o with_o it_o the_o ship_n although_o they_o have_v a_o fair_a north_n east_n wind_n and_o they_o can_v hardly_o get_v from_o that_o coast_n except_o they_o be_v force_v thence_o by_o those_o sudden_a wind_n term_v travado_n which_o sometime_o
of_o both_o the_o planisphere_n be_v those_o demand_v the_o place_n of_o the_o second_o demand_n shall_v be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o degree_n in_o the_o parallel_n distant_a from_o the_o other_o pole_n in_o the_o table_n of_o the_o declination_n let_v the_o latitude_n be_v find_v for_o the_o place_n demand_v proposition_n xi_o to_o compute_v the_o latitude_n and_o magnitude_n of_o all_o the_o zone_n in_o miles_n or_o some_o other_o famous_a measure_n etc._n the_o computation_n of_o the_o latitude_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o zone_n in_o miles_n etc._n etc._n the_o latitude_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v 47_o degree_n viz._n 23_o ½_n from_o both_o part_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o latitude_n of_o both_o the_o temperate_a be_v 43_o degree_n the_o latitude_n of_o both_o the_o temperate_a be_v 43_o degree_n the_o latitude_n of_o both_o the_o frigid_a 47_o degree_n these_o degree_n if_o change_v into_o miles_n one_o degree_n be_v estimate_v at_o 15_o german_a mile_n the_o latitude_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n will_v be_v 705_o mile_n one_o of_o the_o temperate_a 645_o and_o one_o of_o the_o frigid_a 705._o the_o place_n require_v that_o we_o shall_v now_o treat_v of_o the_o season_n in_o the_o divers_a zone_n and_o place_n but_o because_o some_o of_o they_o do_v appertain_v unto_o the_o follow_a chapter_n i_o have_v omit_v they_o here_o chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o day_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o climate_n which_o proceed_v from_o they_o proposition_n i._o in_o two_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v the_o aequinox_n or_o the_o night_n equal_a to_o the_o day_n in_o all_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n year_n the_o day_n and_o night_n in_o all_o place_n be_v equal_a in_o two_o day_n of_o the_o year_n the_o day_n be_v those_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n enter_v the_o aequator_fw-la whether_o he_o describe_v the_o same_o by_o motion_n or_o diurnal_a circumvolution_n which_o be_v when_o that_o he_o enter_v the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n and_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o libra_n viz._n on_o the_o 21th_o of_o march_n and_o the_o 21th_o of_o september_n according_a to_o the_o gregorian_a calendar_n now_o we_o shall_v show_v that_o on_o these_o day_n the_o night_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o day_n consist_v of_o twelve_o hour_n in_o all_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n now_o this_o day_n note_v the_o stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o night_n the_o stay_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n take_v any_o place_n in_o the_o globe_n and_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o that_o place_n so_o that_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n may_v become_v the_o horizon_n of_o that_o place_n then_o let_v the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n or_o libra_n be_v place_v in_o the_o oriental_a horizon_n the_o index_n at_o the_o twelve_o hour_n of_o the_o horary_a circle_n then_o turn_v the_o globe_n until_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n come_v to_o the_o occidental_a horizon_n you_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o index_n in_o the_o horary_a circle_n have_v pass_v twelve_o hour_n the_o same_o method_n may_v be_v use_v to_o manifest_v the_o night_n consist_v of_o twelve_o hour_n in_o place_n situate_v in_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v only_o two_o the_o sun_n neither_o rise_v nor_o set_v in_o these_o two_o day_n of_o the_o year_n but_o his_o centre_n shall_v be_v wheel_v round_o in_o the_o horizon_n which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o aequator_fw-la so_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v at_o one_o time_n both_o day_n and_o night_n see_v therefore_o that_o in_o other_o place_n the_o term_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v a_o moment_n there_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o entire_a revolution_n or_o natural_a day_n be_v the_o term_n or_o medium_n of_o the_o perpetual_a appearancy_n or_o disappearancy_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o in_o these_o two_o day_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_o the_o 21th_o of_o march_n and_o 21th_o of_o september_n the_o half_a sun_n shall_v be_v above_o the_o horizon_n in_o those_o two_o place_n and_o half_a beneath_o it_o and_o on_o the_o 21th_o of_o march_n in_o the_o pole_n arctic_a it_o shall_v make_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o long_a day_n of_o six_o month_n and_o on_o the_o 21th_o of_o september_n shall_v be_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o long_a night_n of_o six_o month_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v anon_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o absurdity_n that_o some_o place_n for_o twenty_o four_o hour_n shall_v neither_o have_v night_n or_o day_n here_o i_o shall_v mention_v many_o thing_n peculiar_a to_o the_o pole_n above_o other_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n earth_n several_a thing_n here_o note_v peculiar_a to_o the_o pole_n above_o other_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n 1._o the_o sun_n in_o a_o whole_a year_n only_o once_o rise_v and_o once_o set_v that_o be_v to_o say_v it_o rise_v in_o one_o aequinox_n and_o set_v in_o the_o other_o 2._o they_o have_v no_o meridies_n or_o midnight_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n but_o at_o all_o hour_n they_o have_v a_o perpetual_a meridies_n for_o six_o month_n or_o perpetual_a night_n for_o six_o month_n 3._o no_o fix_a star_n arise_v nor_o set_v but_o some_o remain_v perpetual_o above_o the_o horizon_n and_o some_o always_o beneath_o it_o 4._o the_o star_n keep_v the_o same_o altitude_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la as_o the_o sun_n also_o do_v in_o his_o whole_a diurnal_a circumvolution_n 5._o no_o wind_n there_o can_v be_v call_v northern_a for_o they_o be_v all_o southern_a in_o the_o arctic_a polé_fw-fr and_o contrariwise_o in_o the_o antarctic_a pole_n all_o northern_a and_o none_o southern_a western_a or_o eastern_a 6._o if_o the_o star_n and_o sun_n do_v not_o move_v but_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o copernicus_n his_o hypothesis_n then_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o point_n that_o it_o can_v be_v seat_v in_o the_o pole_n all_o the_o star_n sun_n and_o moon_n will_v appear_v immovable_a in_o the_o same_o plaga_fw-la all_o these_o be_v easy_o show_v by_o the_o globe_n proposition_n ii_o in_o place_n situate_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v always_o equal_a in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o pole_n there_o be_v only_o one_o day_n and_o one_o night_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n now_o the_o day_n be_v long_a than_o the_o night_n in_o the_o north_n pole_n but_o in_o the_o south_n the_o day_n be_v short_a than_o the_o night_n aequator_fw-la the_o day_n and_o night_n always_o equal_a in_o place_n seat_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la take_v any_o place_n you_o please_v in_o the_o globe_n you_o must_v show_v that_o in_o every_o day_n in_o the_o year_n the_o night_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o day_n that_o be_v that_o the_o sun_n for_o so_o long_a time_n remain_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n as_o he_o do_v above_o it_o take_v the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n as_o you_o please_v and_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v inquire_v after_o to_o it_o which_o be_v note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a then_o let_v the_o place_n take_v be_v place_v in_o the_o vertex_fw-la that_o the_o pole_n may_v hang_v over_o the_o horizon_n for_o so_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n shall_v be_v the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o parallel_n describe_v which_o the_o sun_n perfect_v that_o day_n then_o let_v the_o two_o point_n of_o this_o parallel_n in_o the_o horizon_n be_v note_v and_o it_o will_v be_v manifest_a that_o the_o arch_n of_o this_o parallel_n above_o the_o horizon_n will_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o arch_n which_o be_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n and_o because_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n diurnal_a be_v equal_a as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o star_n therefore_o in_o a_o equal_a time_n it_o will_v pass_v through_o the_o equal_a arch_n of_o the_o parallel_n so_o that_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o proposition_n concern_v every_o day_n be_v show_v now_o for_o the_o show_v of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o pole_n either_o of_o the_o pole_n must_v be_v place_v in_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n so_o shall_v this_o be_v the_o horizon_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o we_o shall_v see_v that_o one_o half_a of_o the_o ecliptic_a remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o other_o beneath_o it_o therefore_o whilst_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o this_o he_o set_v not_o whilst_o in_o that_o he_o rise_v not_o and_o he_o be_v more_o day_n in_o the_o northern_a semicircle_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a than_o in_o the_o southern_a by_o nine_o day_n therefore_o his_o perpetual_a stay_n above_o the_o horizon_n shall_v be_v long_o than_o beneath_o it_o
the_o pole_n that_o the_o long_a day_n of_o one_o place_n exceed_v the_o long_a day_n of_o the_o vicine_fw-la place_n which_o be_v more_o nigh_o the_o aequator_fw-la every_o where_n equal_a in_o excess_n or_o that_o the_o long_a day_n equal_o may_v increase_v pole_n of_o parallel_n between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n these_o parallel_n shall_v not_o equal_o be_v distant_a one_o from_o another_o viz_o every_o vicine_fw-la couple_n but_o these_o which_o be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o less_o distance_n than_o those_o more_o near_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n be_v show_v from_o the_o precedent_n for_o if_o these_o parallel_n shall_v be_v equal_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o viz._n every_o two_o vicine_fw-la the_o quantity_n of_o the_o long_a day_n in_o these_o parallel_n will_v not_o augment_v by_o a_o equal_a increase_n as_o we_o have_v here_o show_v and_o it_o be_v now_o lay_v down_o that_o the_o place_n or_o parallel_n so_o take_v equal_o increase_n that_o the_o long_a day_n may_v equal_o increase_v in_o they_o wherefore_o every_o two_o vicine_fw-la or_o near_a parallel_n shall_v not_o so_o equal_o be_v distant_a one_o from_o another_o but_o many_o parallel_n be_v take_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o long_a day_n may_v equal_o increase_v these_o parallel_n shall_v not_o be_v equal_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o but_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o three_o from_o the_o second_o shall_v be_v lesser_a than_o the_o second_o from_o the_o first_o that_o of_o the_o four_o less_o from_o the_o three_o that_o of_o the_o five_o lesser_o from_o the_o four_o and_o so_o forward_o corollary_n and_o because_o that_o many_o of_o the_o climate_n be_v so_o take_v that_o the_o long_a day_n in_o the_o final_a parallel_n of_o the_o climate_n exceed_v the_o long_a day_n of_o the_o begin_n at_o the_o climate_n by_o half_a a_o hour_n it_o follow_v from_o this_o proposition_n that_o the_o climate_n more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v less_o broad_a or_o more_o narrow_a than_o these_o more_o near_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o latitude_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o climate_n decrease_v towards_o the_o pole_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v see_v that_o the_o climate_n at_o length_n will_v become_v very_o narrow_a towards_o the_o pole_n if_o that_o the_o same_o excess_n shall_v be_v keep_v viz._n the_o excess_n of_o half_a a_o hour_n so_o that_o geographer_n define_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o northern_a climate_n not_o by_o half_a a_o hour_n but_o first_o by_o whole_a hour_n and_o then_o by_o whole_a day_n proposition_n xi_o the_o number_n of_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o long_a day_n be_v give_v in_o any_o place_n or_o parallel_v of_o the_o earth_n to_o find_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n or_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o this_o parallel_n and_o to_o exhibit_v the_o parallel_n itself_o in_o the_o globe_n or_o to_o exhibit_v those_o place_n where_o the_o long_a day_n be_v so_o great_a cancer_n for_o the_o find_v the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n etc._n etc._n the_o long_a day_n in_o all_o northern_a place_n be_v when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o the_o long_a day_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n let_v the_o index_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o 12_o hour_n of_o the_o horary_a cycle_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o the_o index_n show_v that_o hour_n of_o the_o cycle_n from_o which_o the_o give_a number_n of_o the_o long_a day_n be_v denominate_v and_o then_o let_v the_o point_n of_o the_o tropic_a in_o the_o meridian_n be_v note_v then_o let_v the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o oriental_a horizon_n and_o the_o meridian_n in_o the_o crena_n be_v so_o move_v to_o the_o pole_n elevate_v or_o depress_v until_o the_o other_o note_a point_n of_o the_o tropic_a be_v in_o the_o occidental_a horizon_n but_o so_o that_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n be_v yet_o in_o the_o east_n which_o be_v do_v number_n the_o degree_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n for_o that_o be_v the_o seek_v for_o elevation_n or_o latitude_n of_o the_o parallel_n which_o you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o very_a globe_n itself_o if_o you_o number_v so_o many_o degree_n in_o the_o meridian_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n and_o a_o chalk_n be_v apply_v you_o may_v turn_v round_o the_o globe_n to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n for_o the_o describe_v parallel_n be_v that_o which_o be_v seek_v the_o probation_n of_o the_o method_n be_v easy_a proposition_n xii_o the_o number_n of_o some_o day_n be_v give_v to_o find_v out_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n or_o parallel_n and_o to_o exhibit_v the_o place_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n on_o the_o earth_n when_o the_o sun_n for_o so_o many_o day_n set_v not_o and_o for_o so_o many_o more_o arise_v not_o place_n further_n concern_v the_o latitude_n of_o place_n let_v the_o number_n of_o the_o day_n be_v divide_v in_o half_a and_o let_v so_o many_o degree_n be_v number_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n as_o that_o divide_a or_o half_a number_n be_v or_o as_o many_o unite_v as_o this_o have_v the_o numeration_n may_v be_v make_v from_o both_o part_n of_o this_o begin_n let_v the_o term_n be_v be_v note_v with_o chalk_n if_o the_o day_n be_v more_o than_o thirty_o the_o number_n of_o the_o degree_n must_v be_v take_v lesser_a than_o a_o unite_n then_o let_v this_o note_a point_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o let_v the_o degree_n interrupt_v between_o that_o and_o the_o pole_n be_v number_v for_o these_o be_v the_o seek_v for_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n or_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o so_o many_o day_n as_o be_v give_v the_o sun_n set_v not_o and_o in_o so_o many_o day_n rise_v not_o you_o shall_v find_v 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to_o cause_v the_o heat_n and_o the_o property_n of_o the_o season_n and_o in_o one_o place_n some_o be_v from_o other_o cause_n in_o another_o other_o be_v of_o force_n or_o concur_v in_o divers_a season_n of_o the_o year_n or_o mutual_o impede_fw-la one_o another_o hence_o we_o discover_v why_o the_o cause_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o season_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v so_o various_a proposition_n xi_o how_o the_o spring_n summer_n autumn_n and_o winter_n terrestrial_a do_v behave_v themselves_o and_o in_o what_o month_n of_o the_o year_n they_o commence_v in_o the_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n zone_n of_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o season_n in_o place_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n we_o have_v say_v before_o and_o especial_o in_o the_o second_o proposition_n that_o
hour_n of_o the_o cycle_n and_o let_v the_o note_a point_n of_o the_o parallel_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o index_n will_v show_v how_o many_o hour_n before_o and_o how_o many_o hour_n after_o noon_n the_o regress_n begin_v proposition_n xv._o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n decrease_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n increase_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n decrease_v the_o shadow_n increase_v increase_v they_o decrease_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o meridies_n and_o from_o the_o meridies_n to_o the_o set_n the_o shadow_n again_o increase_v for_o the_o sun_n be_v more_o near_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o style_n by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o he_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n therefore_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n terminate_a the_o shadow_n become_v also_o more_o nigh_o the_o style_n and_o on_o that_o account_n the_o shadow_n become_v lesser_a moreover_o the_o sun_n have_v the_o great_a altitude_n in_o the_o 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altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o this_o altitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n 29._o see_v proposit_n 3._o chap._n 29._o and_o day_n of_o the_o year_n shall_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n be_v find_v out_o proposition_n xvii_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o earth_n be_v give_v and_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o earth_n to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n which_o the_o whole_a earth_n cast_v towards_o heaven_n shadow_n of_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v conical_a as_o the_o optic_n demonstrate_v and_o be_v easy_o show_v by_o a_o diagram_n therefore_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o this_o cone_n which_o cause_v the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o earth_n be_v seek_v that_o be_v find_v by_o this_o proposition_n for_o as_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o earth_n be_v to_o the_o distance_n give_v so_o be_v the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o to_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o shady_a cone_n proposition_n xviii_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v give_v to_o find_v how_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v opscure_v how_o great_a the_o eclipse_n will_v be_v if_o that_o the_o moon_n remain_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a moon_n of_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n let_v the_o rule_n of_o three_o be_v institute_v according_a to_o this_o proportion_n as_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n be_v to_o the_o excess_n of_o this_o longitude_n above_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n so_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v to_o that_o shady_a cone_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o that_o part_n where_o the_o moon_n enter_v it_o furthermore_o as_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v to_o the_o find_v out_o semidianeter_n of_o the_o shadow_n so_o be_v the_o whole_a sign_n of_o the_o canon_n to_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n of_o sight_n which_o the_o half_a diameter_n of_o shadow_n subtend_v to_o our_o eye_n which_o if_o it_o be_v double_v the_o angle_n of_o sight_n be_v account_v for_o the_o whole_a diameter_n of_o the_o shadow_n with_o this_o angle_n let_v the_o angle_n of_o sight_n or_o the_o apparent_a semidiameter_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v in_o opposition_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o in_o time_n of_o eclipse_n be_v compare_v from_o this_o comparation_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o obcsurity_n will_v be_v make_v manifest_a which_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o have_v in_o digit_n institute_v a_o rule_n of_o proportion_n after_o this_o manner_n as_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v to_o twelve_o digit_n so_o be_v the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o the_o shadow_n or_o angle_n of_o sight_n to_o the_o ecliptic_a digit_n proposition_n xix_o by_o how_o much_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n every_o day_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o from_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o both_o the_o meridian_n shadow_n as_o well_o as_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o hour_n be_v long_o for_o because_o the_o sun_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o those_o place_n therefore_o also_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n terminate_a the_o shadow_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o style_n and_o therefore_o the_o shadow_n be_v so_o much_o the_o long_o extend_v proposition_n xx._n if_o that_o the_o style_n be_v place_v in_o any_o plain_a after_o such_o a_o mode_n that_o it_o become_v part_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n or_o that_o it_o be_v parallel_n to_o that_o axis_n the_o shadow_n of_o that_o style_n shall_v fall_v on_o a_o certain_a hour_n on_o the_o very_a line_n of_o that_o plain_a in_o which_o this_o line_n be_v cut_v by_o the_o great_a horary_a circle_n whether_o of_o declination_n or_o from_o the_o meridian_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v at_o that_o hour_n hour_n a_o moment_n or_o small_a space_n of_o a_o hour_n for_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n or_o the_o style_n so_o place_v fall_v on_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horary_a or_o meridian_n circle_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v at_o that_o moment_n of_o time_n for_o neither_o can_v it_o fall_v beyond_o the_o plain_n see_v that_o the_o sun_n the_o opac_a body_n and_o the_o shadow_n be_v in_o one_o plain_n upon_o which_o the_o style_n be_v place_v wherefore_o see_v this_o style_n be_v upon_o this_o plain_a as_o also_o on_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o meridian_n which_o the_o sun_n keep_v for_o a_o moment_n thence_o it_o follow_v that_o this_o shadow_n may_v fall_v on_o the_o common_a section_n of_o this_o plain_a or_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o meridian_n or_o of_o the_o horary_a circle_n for_o if_o any_o line_n be_v in_o two_o or_o more_o plain_n it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o common_a section_n of_o those_o plain_n proposition_n xxi_o to_o describe_v the_o aequinoctial_a night-dial_n night-dial_n aequinoctial_a night-dial_n a_o plain_a of_o wood_n paper_n brass_n or_o other_o metal_n must_v be_v erect_v above_o the_o horizon_n so_o many_o degree_n as_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n or_o so_o many_o degree_n as_o be_v in_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n before_o it_o be_v erect_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o draw_v the_o line_n of_o the_o scioterick_n therefore_o let_v what_o point_n you_o please_v be_v take_v in_o that_o plain_a and_o let_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n be_v describe_v from_o it_o as_o from_o a_o centre_n let_v a_o line_n parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n be_v draw_v through_o that_o centre_n or_o let_v the_o line_n be_v parallel_n to_o the_o common_a section_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o horizon_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o hour_n of_o six_o in_o the_o evening_n and_o six_o in_o the_o morning_n let_v a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o this_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o centre_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o shadow_n of_o the_o twelve_o hour_n then_o let_v both_o the_o quadrant_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n and_o every_o one_o of_o those_o three_o into_o two_o so_o that_o the_o six_o arch_n may_v be_v in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o whereof_o every_o one_o shall_v be_v of_o fifteen_o degree_n and_o let_v they_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o term_n or_o bound_n of_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o right_a line_n these_o shall_v be_v the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n for_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o remain_a hour_n which_o fall_v between_o twelve_o and_o six_o who_o number_n and_o order_n must_v be_v set_v down_o at_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o line_n draw_v the_o same_o
perioeci_n and_o what_o hour_n they_o do_v not_o see_v it_o together_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n give_v be_v find_v at_o the_o day_n give_v and_o let_v the_o time_n of_o his_o stay_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n that_o be_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n be_v find_v half_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n or_o part_n of_o the_o hour_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n first_o rise_v to_o one_o place_n before_o he_o set_v to_o another_o and_o set_v late_a also_o to_o that_o place_n than_o he_o arise_v to_o this_o chap._n xxix_o of_o the_o computation_n of_o time_n in_o the_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n proposition_n i._o the_o hour_n of_o one_o place_n be_v give_v in_o the_o globe_n to_o find_v the_o hour_n of_o another_o place_n give_v out_o by_o the_o globe_n the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n be_v find_v out_o let_v the_o place_n who_o hour_n be_v give_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n the_o index_n to_o that_o hour_n of_o the_o horary_a cycle_n such_o as_o be_v give_v let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o the_o other_o give_v place_n come_v under_o the_o meridian_n the_o index_n in_o that_o situation_n of_o the_o globe_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n demand_v of_o this_o other_o place_n proposition_n ii_o the_o hour_n of_o our_o place_n be_v give_v or_o of_o some_o other_o place_n in_o the_o globe_n to_o exhibit_v on_o the_o globe_n all_o those_o place_n in_o which_o at_o that_o hour_n the_o meridies_n be_v also_o those_o in_o which_o it_o be_v midnight_n also_o those_o in_o which_o be_v what_o hour_n we_o please_v the_o problem_n shall_v be_v propound_v concern_v the_o earth_n if_o we_o will_v act_v scientifical_o for_o it_o be_v a_o affection_n of_o the_o earth_n understand_v the_o same_o concern_v many_o other_o follow_v problem_n let_v the_o place_n give_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o index_n to_o the_o give_v hour_n of_o the_o horary_a cycle_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o 12_o hour_n of_o the_o meridies_n so_o the_o place_n which_o be_v discover_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o superior_a semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n from_o the_o elevate_a pole_n to_o the_o pole_n depress_v be_v those_o which_o have_v the_o meridies_n at_o the_o time_n give_v but_o if_o the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o that_o the_o index_n may_v show_v the_o 12_o inferior_a hour_n the_o place_n which_o be_v discover_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v those_o in_o which_o the_o midnight_n than_o shall_v be_v if_o we_o desire_v place_n in_o which_o be_v any_o hour_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o the_o index_n show_v that_o hour_n if_o the_o place_n subject_n to_o the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v those_o that_o be_v seek_v proposition_n iii_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v give_v the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n and_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n to_o find_v the_o hour_n at_o the_o time_n of_o that_o altitude_n day_n rule_n for_o the_o find_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o give_v latitude_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o give_v day_n let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v find_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o let_v that_o be_v note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o globe_n and_o bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n then_o let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o let_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o give_v altitude_n be_v note_v in_o it_o and_o let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o the_o 12_o hour_n of_o the_o horary_a cycle_n then_o let_v the_o globe_n and_o the_o quadrant_n be_v move_v until_o the_o note_a place_n of_o the_o sun_n agree_v with_o the_o note_a point_n of_o the_o quadrant_n in_o that_o situation_n the_o sun_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n demand_v proposition_n iu._n a_o quarter_n be_v give_v in_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v behold_v sometime_o of_o the_o day_n give_v and_o the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n be_v give_v to_o find_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n compass_n mariner_n observe_v the_o quarter_n of_o the_o sun_n on_o the_o compass_n let_v all_o be_v do_v as_o in_o the_o precede_a proposition_n that_o the_o quadrant_n may_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o vertex_fw-la let_v his_o end_n or_o extremity_n be_v bring_v to_o that_o quarter_n of_o the_o horizon_n which_o be_v observe_v and_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o that_o point_n of_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o the_o quadrant_n in_o this_o situation_n the_o index_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n proposition_n v._o the_o sun_n shine_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o globe_n to_o know_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n give_v or_o the_o latitude_n thereof_o which_o be_v give_v let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o give_v latitude_n of_o the_o place_n and_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v place_v at_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n then_o let_v a_o needle_n be_v fix_v perpendicular_o at_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o which_o be_v better_o let_v the_o spherical_a gnomon_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o ecliptic_a so_o that_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o gnomon_n fix_v on_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o so_o let_v it_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o index_n to_o the_o 12_o hour_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o the_o needle_n make_v no_o shadow_n on_o the_o globe_n in_o this_o situation_n the_o index_n will_v show_v the_o demand_v hour_n proposition_n vi_o a_o hour_n of_o our_o numeration_n be_v give_v to_o find_v what_o hour_n it_o be_v from_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o be_v the_o babylonish_n or_o norimbergian_a hour_n in_o time_n past_o the_o babylonian_n and_o now_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o norimberg_n and_o some_o other_o people_n reckon_v 24_o hour_n from_o one_o rise_v of_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o next_o day_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v from_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v find_v from_o the_o day_n give_v let_v it_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o index_n to_o the_o 12_o hour_n of_o the_o horary_a cycle_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o hour_n give_v then_o the_o globe_n remain_v immovable_a let_v the_o index_n be_v reduce_v to_o 12_o which_o be_v do_v let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v from_o the_o set_n to_o the_o rise_n until_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n appear_v in_o the_o oriental_a horizon_n and_o in_o the_o horary_a cycle_n let_v the_o hour_n be_v reckon_v from_o 12_o towards_o the_o east_n or_o rise_n even_o to_o the_o index_n for_o these_o be_v the_o babylonish_n or_o norimberg_n hour_n seek_v for_o proposition_n vii_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o hour_n be_v give_v from_o the_o babylonish_n rise_v to_o find_v out_o the_o hour_n of_o our_o numeration_n which_o be_v from_o midnight_n or_o midnoon_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o bring_v to_o the_o oriental_a horizon_n the_o index_n to_o the_o 12_o hour_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v towards_o the_o west_n until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o hour_n give_v on_o the_o cycle_n from_o the_o east_n which_o be_v do_v let_v the_o index_n be_v reduce_v to_o the_o 12_o hour_n and_o then_o let_v the_o globe_n again_o be_v move_v until_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v bring_v back_o to_o the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n which_o be_v next_o pass_v through_o and_o let_v the_o hour_n be_v number_v from_o 12_o to_o the_o index_n towards_o that_o quarter_n unto_o which_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v make_v so_o shall_v be_v find_v the_o hour_n of_o our_o number_n from_o the_o meridies_n or_o midnight_n proposition_n viii_o a_o hour_n of_o our_o reckon_a be_v give_v to_o find_v what_o hour_n it_o be_v from_o the_o precede_a set_v of_o the_o sun_n that_o be_v the_o italian_a hour_n hour_n of_o italian_a hour_n at_o this_o day_n in_o many_o place_n of_o italy_n and_o in_o time_n pass_v in_o greece_n they_o number_v 24_o hour_n from_o one_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o follow_v or_o next_o set_v to_o find_v out_o which_o we_o must_v thus_o do_v from_o the_o hour_n of_o our_o numeration_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o
ecliptic_a be_v note_v and_o bring_v to_o the_o meridan_n let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o the_o 12_o hour_n at_o noon_n of_o the_o cycle_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o hour_n give_v then_o the_o globe_n be_v immovable_a let_v the_o index_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o 12_o hour_n and_o this_o be_v do_v let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v towards_o the_o east_n until_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v behold_v in_o the_o occidental_a horizon_n then_o let_v the_o hour_n be_v number_v from_o 12_o to_o the_o index_n near_o the_o quarter_n of_o his_o motion_n for_o these_o shall_v be_v the_o italian_a hour_n of_o numeration_n proposition_n ix_o the_o hour_n from_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o of_o italic_a numeration_n be_v give_v to_o find_v what_o hour_n it_o be_v of_o our_o numeration_n from_o the_o midnoon_n or_o midnight_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v note_v and_o bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o the_o hour_n 12_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o set_n until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o give_v italic_a hour_n then_o the_o globe_n remain_v immovable_a let_v the_o index_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o 12_o hour_n this_o be_v do_v let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v turn_v back_o to_o that_o semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n which_o it_o do_v near_o pass_v through_o so_o the_o hour_n interrupt_v between_o 12_o and_o the_o index_n number_v from_o 12_o towards_o the_o rise_a be_v the_o hour_n from_o the_o meridies_n or_o midnight_n according_a to_o our_o numeration_n or_o reckon_n proposition_n x._o a_o hour_n of_o our_o numeration_n be_v give_v on_o the_o day_n give_v to_o find_v what_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n that_o hour_n be_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a judaic_a account_n and_o that_o of_o other_o nation_n night_n the_o jew_n division_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n in_o ancient_a time_n the_o jew_n and_o other_o nation_n astronomy_n be_v not_o yet_o polish_v divide_v every_o day_n from_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o his_o set_n into_o 12_o hour_n and_o the_o night_n into_o as_o many_o which_o hour_n be_v therefore_o term_v judaical_a hour_n planetary_a hour_n for_o another_o reason_n but_o more_o fit_o unequal_a hour_n for_o see_v that_o neither_o the_o day_n or_o night_n be_v equal_a among_o themselves_o or_o of_o equal_a longitude_n but_o increase_n for_o half_a a_o year_n 25._o see_v chap._n 25._o and_o decrease_v the_o other_o half_n except_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o those_o hour_n be_v sometime_o great_a and_o sometime_o lesser_a for_o they_o increase_v with_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o day_n and_o decrease_v with_o the_o decrease_n of_o the_o same_o but_o in_o place_n near_o the_o aequator_fw-la this_o increase_n be_v not_o great_a as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o 25_o chapter_n but_o all_o the_o day_n of_o the_o whole_a year_n be_v almost_o equal_a and_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o people_n more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la as_o those_o of_o europe_n never_o use_v these_o hour_n but_o only_o those_o people_n who_o be_v not_o far_o remove_v from_o or_o that_o dwell_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n therefore_o the_o problem_n may_v be_v thus_o more_o clear_o propound_v viz._n a_o equal_a hour_n be_v give_v in_o a_o give_v day_n to_o find_v a_o unequal_a hour_n a_o equal_a hour_n be_v term_v the_o 12_o part_n of_o any_o day_n or_o night_n or_o of_o the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n do_v remain_v above_o or_o beneath_o the_o horizon_n a_o unequal_a hour_n be_v term_v the_o 24_o part_n of_o that_o time_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v move_v from_o the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n until_o it_o return_v again_o to_o the_o same_o semicircle_n which_o time_n be_v call_v a_o astronomical_a day_n now_o for_o the_o solution_n of_o this_o problem_n we_o must_v thus_o act_v let_v the_o pole_n he_o elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v note_v and_o bring_v to_o the_o east_n the_o index_n to_o the_o 12_o hour_n of_o the_o cycle_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o the_o note_a place_n of_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o the_o west_n the_o index_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n for_o the_o longitude_n of_o this_o day_n or_o the_o stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n which_o must_v be_v observe_v then_o set_v it_o be_v find_v what_o be_v the_o hour_n give_v from_o the_o east_n or_o rise_n or_o from_o the_o west_n and_o set_v if_o that_o any_o hour_n be_v give_v after_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o the_o 6_o or_o 8_o proposition_n 8._o see_v proposition_n 6_o and_o 8._o and_o let_v the_o proportion_n be_v compare_v after_o this_o mode_n that_o as_o the_o note_a hour_n of_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o whole_a day_n or_o night_n be_v unto_o 2_o hour_n so_o the_o hour_n find_v from_o the_o rise_n or_o set_v if_o that_o a_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n be_v give_v be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o judaic_a hour_n proposition_n xi_o the_o judaic_a hour_n be_v give_v in_o the_o day_n give_v to_o find_v what_o hour_n that_o be_v according_a to_o our_o numeration_n or_o account_n or_o to_o reduce_v a_o give_v unequal_a hour_n to_o a_o equal_a hour_n hour_n of_o the_o judaic_a hour_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a from_o the_o day_n give_v be_v find_v let_v it_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o east_n the_o index_n to_o the_o 12_o hour_n and_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o west_n that_o the_o longitude_n of_o that_o day_n may_v appear_v in_o unequal_a hour_n on_o the_o horary_a cycle_n which_o be_v note_v then_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o index_n unto_o 12_o and_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v turn_v round_o to_o the_o oriental_a honrizon_n the_o index_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o rise_n then_o let_v it_o so_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v that_o 12_o be_v add_v to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o judaic_a hour_o so_o also_o let_v the_o find_v out_o latitude_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v add_v to_o the_o other_o number_n which_o if_o that_o be_v add_v to_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o rise_n we_o shall_v have_v the_o hour_n from_o the_o midnight_n according_a to_o our_o numeration_n if_o that_o the_o number_n of_o these_o hour_n be_v more_o than_o 12_o let_v 12_o cast_v away_o and_o the_o remainder_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n from_o noon_n those_o judaic_a hour_n which_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o sermon_n of_o christ_n can_v accurate_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o hour_n of_o our_o account_n because_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v not_o add_v so_o that_o the_o three_o hour_n of_o that_o day_n may_v be_v our_o 8_o 9th_o or_o 10_o so_o that_o the_o 11_o hour_n of_o that_o sermon_n may_v be_v our_o seven_o 6_o or_o 5_o viz_o as_o that_o day_n may_v be_v take_v either_o according_a to_o the_o summer_n or_o winter_n solstice_n or_o the_o aequinoctial_a proposition_n xii_o those_o who_o go_v from_o some_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o sail_v towards_o the_o sun_n rise_v and_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v encompass_v by_o they_o they_o return_v to_o the_o same_o place_n whence_o they_o set_v forth_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a space_n at_o once_o have_v often_o have_v the_o sun_n rise_v set_v the_o meridies_n and_o the_o midnight_n the_o very_a same_o with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o place_n from_o which_o they_o go_v from_o and_o therefore_o when_o they_o return_v they_o number_v one_o day_n of_o a_o year_n more_o than_o in_o that_o place_n for_o example_n if_o in_o this_o place_n it_o be_v the_o first_o day_n of_o january_n they_o reckon_v the_o second_o of_o january_n if_o they_o account_v it_o to_o be_v saturday_n they_o reckon_v sunday_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v have_v sail_v about_o the_o earth_n twice_o thrice_o or_o four_o time_n they_o shall_v still_o number_v so_o many_o more_o day_n earth_n of_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o earth_n those_o who_o by_o a_o determine_a course_n sail_v about_o the_o whole_a earth_n towards_o the_o west_n they_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n for_o one_o space_n have_v the_o set_n or_o rise_v sun_n the_o meridies_n and_o midnight_n more_o rare_a and_o therefore_o when_o they_o return_v they_o number_v one_o day_n less_o than_o in_o that_o
place_n to_o wit_n the_o 31_o of_o december_n if_o in_o that_o place_n it_o be_v the_o first_o of_o january_n and_o saturday_n or_o the_o last_o day_n of_o the_o week_n when_o in_o this_o place_n it_o shall_v be_v sunday_n or_o the_o first_o day_n of_o a_o new_a week_n and_o if_o they_o have_v sail_v round_o the_o earth_n twice_o thrice_o or_o soin_fw-fr time_n they_o shall_v also_o reckon_v so_o many_o day_n less_o this_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o wonder_n and_o admiration_n some_o age_n ago_o to_o mâ—â—â—â—_n and_o other_o but_o the_o frequency_n of_o this_o experiment_n have_v lessehen_fw-ge the_o admination_n and_o have_v administer_v occasion_n to_o mathemnâ—â—â—_n to_o 〈…〉_o the_o cause_n neither_o be_v it_o difficult_a to_o explain_v the_o same_o so_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v well_o apprehend_v and_o a_o certain_a day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v propose_v â—_o for_o it_o dependetiâ—â—_n the_o diurual_a cirâ—â—â—voluationâ—_n of_o the_o sun_n not_o from_o his_o proper_a nation_n as_o some_o have_v think_v which_o we_o may_v begin_v from_o any_o circle_n but_o for_o our_o more_o easy_a understanding_n it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o begin_v from_o the_o meridies_n that_o the_o day_n may_v be_v the_o time_n from_o one_o meridies_n to_o the_o follow_a meridies_n or_o noon_n or_o whilst_o the_o sun_n return_v from_o the_o semicircle_n of_o one_o meridiany_n to_o the_o same_o semicircle_n therefore_o because_o that_o those_o who_o sail_n towards_o the_o east_n or_o rise_v come_v to_o those_o place_n where_o the_o sun_n first_o rise_v and_o make_v his_o meridian_n than_o in_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o depart_v thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o place_n to_o which_o they_o have_v arrive_v they_o begin_v to_o reckon_v a_o new_a day_n for_o example_n the_o second_o day_n of_o january_n where_o in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o departure_n hitherto_o they_o have_v number_v the_o first_o day_n of_o january_n if_o that_o they_o set_v sail_n on_o the_o same_o and_o the_o difference_n shall_v be_v one_o or_o two_o hour_n this_o anticipation_n daily_o increase_v until_o they_o come_v towards_o the_o east_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v make_v the_o hour_n of_o half_a a_o day_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o opposite_a semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n for_o here_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o meridies_n of_o a_o new_a day_n when_o in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o set_n forth_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o midnight_n of_o the_o precede_a day_n and_o where_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o meridian_n 1â—_n degree_n more_o remote_a be_v in_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o meridies_n 13_o hour_n soon_o than_o in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o set_n forth_o and_o when_o again_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o a_o meridian_n more_o remote_a 15_o degree_n there_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o minidiesâ—4_n â—4_z hour_n soon_o than_o in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o set_n forth_o and_o so_o moreover_o as_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o meridian_n or_o place_v more_o remote_a 15_o degree_n they_o shall_v have_v the_o meridies_n 15_o 16_o 17_o hour_n soon_o and_o shall_v begin_v to_o account_v a_o new_a day_n soon_o than_o in_o their_o place_n of_o their_o set_n forth_o so_o that_o when_o at_o length_n they_o shall_v have_v return_v to_o the_o place_n they_o shall_v then_o number_v the_o meridies_n of_o a_o new_a day_n soon_o by_o 24_o hour_n where_o in_o the_o place_n also_o the_o meridies_n be_v which_o yet_o may_v answer_v in_o number_n to_o the_o meridies_n which_o the_o mariner_n have_v the_o former_a day_n but_o it_o be_v contrary_a with_o those_o who_o sail_n towards_o the_o west_n when_o they_o return_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o set_v forth_o for_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o they_o recede_v from_o this_o place_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o sun_n late_a in_o the_o meridies_n because_o they_o be_v in_o a_o more_o remote_a meridian_n and_o therefore_o do_v late_a begin_v the_o account_n of_o their_o new_a day_n than_o in_o the_o place_n whence_o they_o set_v forth_o so_o that_o this_o proposition_n take_v away_o a_o whole_a day_n in_o the_o return_n corollary_n 1._o corollary_n corollary_n if_o that_o two_o at_o the_o same_o time_n set_v forth_o from_o any_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o one_o towards_o the_o east_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o west_n and_o they_o shall_v return_v both_o together_o to_o the_o same_o place_n the_o whole_a earth_n be_v sail_v about_o he_o that_o take_v his_o journey_n towards_o the_o east_n shall_v reckon_v two_o day_n more_o than_o he_o which_o take_v it_o towards_o the_o west_n and_o if_o they_o have_v sail_v the_o earth_n about_o twice_o they_o shall_v reckon_v a_o day_n more_o if_o thrice_o 6_o day_n more_o etc._n etc._n but_o the_o day_n of_o these_o be_v long_o of_o those_o short_a corollary_n 2._o the_o same_o will_v happen_v if_o that_o in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n any_o two_o meet_v one_o the_o other_o and_o from_o hence_o first_o and_o then_o often_o afterward_o be_v this_o apparent_o discover_v for_o when_o ferdinando_n magellanes_n by_o a_o direct_a course_n into_o the_o west_n have_v enter_v the_o indies_n by_o the_o strait_n denominate_v from_o he_o it_o be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o mariner_n which_o there_o meet_v with_o other_o european_n bring_v towards_o the_o east_n by_o a_o ordinary_a journey_n that_o the_o kaleudar_n or_o the_o numeration_n of_o the_o day_n differ_v a_o whole_a day_n the_o same_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o all_o which_o have_v sail_v round_o the_o earth_n when_o they_o have_v come_v into_o the_o indies_n corillary_n 10._o this_o also_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o in_o two_o near_a place_n the_o account_n of_o a_o different_a day_n 〈◊〉_d observe_v viz._n in_o the_o philippine_n isle_n and_o in_o the_o city_n of_o marrow_n on_o the_o chaste_a of_o china_n isle_n the_o day_n in_o macoa_n not_o the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o philippine_n isle_n although_o they_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n yet_o they_o reckon_v the_o day_n of_o the_o calendar_n soon_o in_o macoa_n than_o in_o the_o philippine_n isle_n and_o that_o by_o the_o anticipation_n of_o one_o day_n so_o that_o it_o be_v sunday_n in_o moacoa_n when_o but_o saturday_n in_o the_o philippine_n isle_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o diversity_n be_v this_o that_o the_o rortuâ—â—â—_n possess_v the_o city_n of_o macoa_n come_v thither_o from_o europe_n towards_o the_o east_n by_o asseccourse_n out_o of_o india_n but_o the_o spaniard_n which_o possess_v the_o philippine_n isle_n come_v thither_o from_o europe_n towards_o the_o west_n by_o a_o set_a course_n from_o america_n therefore_o it_o be_v in_o fer_v from_o the_o precede_a corollary_n because_o here_o in_o mâ—â—a_n and_o the_o philippines_n they_o almost_o meet_v 〈◊〉_d â—ome_v into_o the_o same_o meridian_n that_o they_o shall_v â—â—ceâ—d_v by_o one_o day_n the_o day_n of_o the_o other_o chap._n xxx_o of_o the_o various_a rise_v set_v altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o other_o appearance_n in_o the_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n proposition_n 1._o to_o place_n or_o hang_v a_o terrestrial_a globe_n so_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v those_o part_n of_o the_o globe_n may_v be_v illuminate_v which_o the_o sun_n enlighten_v in_o the_o earth_n at_o any_o time_n and_o that_o it_o also_o may_v appear_v unto_o what_o people_n the_o sun_n rise_v and_o to_o who_o it_o set_v to_o who_o it_o make_v the_o meridies_n and_o to_o who_o it_o be_v altogether_o abscond_v to_o what_o place_n it_o be_v vertical_a also_o to_o find_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n also_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n globe_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n show_v by_o the_o globe_n let_v the_o place_n in_o which_o the_o globe_n be_v place_v be_v note_v on_o the_o globe_n and_o bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o let_v a_o mark_n be_v make_v with_o a_o chalk_n on_o that_o point_n of_o the_o meridian_n therefore_o if_o the_o globe_n be_v to_o be_v hang_v by_o a_o cord_n the_o cord_n must_v be_v tie_v to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o meridian_n but_o if_o that_o it_o must_v be_v place_v firm_o in_o any_o place_n a_o iron_n piâ—_n must_v be_v bring_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o globe_n even_o to_o the_o opposite_a point_n and_o this_o iron_n pin_n must_v be_v close_o fix_v to_o the_o horizontal_n plain_a that_o it_o may_v remain_v immovable_a the_o globe_n must_v be_v dispose_v according_a to_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n viz_o that_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o globe_n may_v regard_v the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o earth_n
parallel_n direct_o ascend_v from_o the_o horizon_n to_o the_o meridian_n then_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o any_o other_o place_n and_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o parallel_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o oblique_a to_o the_o horizon_n by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v that_o be_v by_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n become_v the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o near_o to_o the_o pole_n proposition_n vii_o by_o how_o much_o the_o place_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o other_o constellation_n require_v the_o great_a time_n to_o arise_v and_o set_v and_o they_o pass_v through_o the_o meridian_n of_o all_o place_n at_o a_o equal_a time_n let_v two_o place_n be_v take_v on_o the_o globe_n unequal_o distant_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v and_o observe_v separately_z for_o each_o of_o they_o how_o much_o time_n any_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n require_v to_o ascend_v above_o the_o horizon_n viz._n the_o entrance_n of_o the_o sign_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o oriental_a horizon_n let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o the_o 12_o hour_n and_o the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o the_o whole_a sign_n be_v rise_v the_o index_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n elapse_v in_o the_o space_n whilst_o the_o sign_n arise_v for_o by_o the_o comparison_n of_o the_o time_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n will_v be_v manifest_a proposition_n viii_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v give_v to_o find_v or_o show_v on_o the_o globe_n those_o place_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n arise_v in_o any_o give_a quarter_n globe_n to_o find_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o any_o quarter_n by_o the_o globe_n this_o problem_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v shall_v be_v propound_v and_o resolve_v concern_v the_o earth_n itself_o if_o that_o we_o will_v act_v according_a to_o art_n for_o these_o affection_n belong_v unto_o it_o but_o they_o be_v propound_v concern_v the_o globe_n because_o here_o it_o represent_v the_o earth_n although_o another_o method_n must_v be_v use_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o another_o construction_n which_o although_o it_o can_v only_o be_v comprehend_v by_o the_o mind_n be_v sufficient_a that_o it_o may_v hinder_v in_o the_o practice_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o obstacle_n this_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o problem_n the_o day_n and_o the_o quarter_n be_v give_v in_o which_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v observe_v to_o find_v the_o latitude_n of_o that_o place_n or_o its_o parallel_n in_o any_o point_n of_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o we_o be_v place_v 11._o see_v chap._n 23._o proposit_n 11._o the_o solution_n of_o which_o we_o have_v deliver_v in_o the_o 23_o chapter_n proposition_n 11._o proposition_n ix_o the_o day_n and_o the_o hour_n or_o part_n of_o the_o hour_n be_v give_v to_o show_v the_o place_n on_o the_o globe_n to_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v then_o vertical_a first_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o give_v day_n be_v find_v be_v note_v on_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o globe_n and_o that_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n let_v a_o mark_n be_v make_v with_o a_o chalk_n on_o the_o supereminent_a point_n then_o let_v those_o place_n be_v find_v in_o who_o meridian_n the_o sun_n be_v at_o the_o give_v moment_n of_o time_n and_o let_v they_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n these_o be_v do_v that_o place_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o note_a point_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v the_o place_n which_o be_v demand_v viz._n that_o to_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a at_o the_o give_v moment_n of_o time_n proposition_n x._o note_v further_o note_v the_o day_n and_o the_o hour_n be_v give_v to_o show_v all_o the_o place_n on_o the_o globe_n from_o who_o vertex_fw-la the_o sun_n be_v distant_a the_o give_v degree_n at_o that_o hour_n but_o the_o give_v degree_n must_v not_o exceed_v a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o or_o the_o day_n and_o the_o hour_n be_v give_v to_o show_v on_o the_o globe_n those_o place_n above_o who_o horizon_n the_o sun_n have_v the_o give_v altitude_n or_o the_o give_v depression_n beneath_o it_o but_o the_o altitude_n give_v must_v not_o exceed_v 90_o degree_n as_o likewise_o the_o depression_n let_v the_o place_n be_v find_v on_o the_o globe_n to_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a at_o the_o hour_n give_v and_o let_v this_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v affix_v to_o the_o imminent_a point_n of_o the_o meridian_n let_v the_o degree_n of_o distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la give_fw-mi be_v note_v and_o the_o quadrant_n be_v turn_v round_o the_o globe_n remain_v immovable_a all_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n through_o which_o the_o note_a degree_n of_o the_o quadrant_n pass_v be_v those_o from_o who_o the_o sun_n have_v the_o give_v distance_n or_o above_o who_o horizon_n the_o sun_n have_v the_o give_v altitude_n proposition_n xi_o at_o the_o give_v hour_n of_o the_o day_n to_o show_v on_o the_o globe_n all_o plain_n unto_o which_o the_o sun_n rise_v and_o set_v and_o to_o which_o he_o be_v fix_v at_o the_o meridian_n and_o all_o that_o be_v illuminate_v and_o not_o illuminate_v day_n further_o concern_v the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n find_v out_o by_o the_o globe_n at_o any_o day_n or_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n let_v the_o place_n be_v find_v in_o the_o globe_n to_o which_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o time_n give_v be_v vertical_a and_o let_v the_o place_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o pole_n elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o that_o place_n or_o let_v that_o place_n be_v place_v in_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o horizon_n so_o all_o those_o place_n which_o be_v discover_v under_o the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n above_o the_o horizon_n shall_v have_v the_o meridies_n but_o those_o place_n which_o be_v behold_v in_o the_o oriental_a semicircle_n of_o the_o horizon_n be_v those_o to_o which_o the_o sun_n than_o set_v but_o to_o those_o which_o lie_v in_o the_o occidental_a semicircle_n of_o the_o horizon_n the_o sun_n rise_v at_o the_o give_v time_n and_o all_o the_o place_n which_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n be_v illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n on_o the_o contrary_a all_o the_o place_n situate_v beneath_o the_o same_o then_o want_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o sun_n note_v that_o the_o problem_n must_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n illustrate_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n somewhat_o big_a than_o the_o hemisphere_n which_o how_o big_a it_o be_v shall_v be_v discover_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n therefore_o we_o may_v show_v the_o place_n to_o which_o the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v when_o we_o have_v noon_n or_o midnight_n and_o contrariwise_o those_o in_o which_o he_o set_v when_o he_o arise_v to_o we_o who_o then_o have_v midnight_n or_o midday_n proposition_n xii_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o earth_n be_v give_v and_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o earth_n be_v know_v to_o find_v out_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o sun_n illuminate_v scheme_n see_v scheme_n let_v the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o b_o a_o c_o a_o the_o centre_n a_o b_o c_o d_o e_o the_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o earth_n s_n the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n s_o l_o s_o o_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o sun_n l_o b_o o_o c_o the_o ray_n touch_v the_o globe_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o earth_n for_o these_o distinguish_v the_o part_n illuminate_v from_o the_o part_n not_o illuminate_v therefore_o the_o arch_n b_o d_o c_o represent_v the_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n illuminate_v and_o the_o arch_n blc_n the_o part_n not_o illuminate_v let_v the_o tangent_n lb_n o_o c_o be_v extend_v until_o they_o concur_v in_o r_n and_z b_o n_n parallel_v to_o a_o s_n therefore_o in_o the_o triangle_n b_o n_o l_o let_v n_n l_o be_v give_v the_o excess_n s_o l_o above_o a_o b_o and_z b_o n_z of_o equal_a distance_n to_o a_o s_n the_o angle_n b_o n_o l_o be_v direct_a because_o that_o b_o l_o touch_v the_o circle_n wherefore_o in_o the_o triangle_n b_o l_o n_o let_v the_o angle_n n_o b_o l_o be_v find_v according_a to_o this_o proposition_n that_o as_o b_o n_n be_v to_o n_n l_o so_fw-mi be_v the_o whole_a sign_n to_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n n_o b_o l._n moreover_n the_o two_o angle_n l_o n_n b_o n_o b_o l_o be_v together_o equal_a to_o one_o straight_o or_o 90_o
degree_n and_o b_o n_o l_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o angle_n a_o s_o l_o or_o b_o a_o r._n therefore_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o angle_n n_o b_o l_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o arch_n b_o m_o by_o which_o p_o b_o be_v great_a than_o 90_o degree_n or_o than_o p_o m_o so_o also_o the_o arch_n p_o c._n if_o we_o take_v the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o sun_n according_a unto_o ptolemy_n of_o 5_o 2_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o distance_n a_o s_o 1168_o semidiameter_n these_o i_o say_v be_v lay_v down_o the_o arch_n m_o b_o will_v be_v find_v 13_o minute_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n illustrate_v the_o earth_n more_o than_o half_a m_o p_o q._n corollary_n when_o therefore_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n rise_v to_o some_o place_n than_o his_o limbus_n or_o edge_n rise_v to_o the_o people_n which_o inhabit_v in_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o horizon_n situate_v 13_o minute_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n also_o after_o the_o same_o mode_n to_o those_o to_o who_o he_o set_v and_o when_o his_o centre_n set_v than_o his_o limbus_n yet_o remain_v conspicuous_a until_o the_o centre_n set_v to_o the_o people_n which_o be_v remote_a 13_o minute_n from_o our_o horizon_n proposition_n xiii_o the_o height_n of_o a_o mountain_n be_v give_v to_o find_v how_o much_o soon_o the_o sun_n seem_v to_o rise_v in_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o same_o than_o at_o the_o foot_n or_o root_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o how_o much_o late_a it_o set_v from_o the_o give_a altitude_n 5._o see_v chap._n 9_o proposit_n 5._o by_o the_o five_o proposition_n in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n let_v the_o interval_n or_o arch_n from_o which_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n may_v be_v discover_v or_o in_o the_o bind_v of_o which_o a_o line_n so_o draw_v from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n refract_v the_o same_o for_o this_o line_n show_v the_o first_o ray_n which_o may_v come_v from_o a_o direct_a passage_n from_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n moreover_o the_o point_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o this_o be_v touch_v by_o the_o line_n be_v the_o place_n to_o which_o the_o sun_n arise_v when_o he_o begin_v to_o be_v see_v on_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n and_o the_o arch_n interrupt_v between_o that_o point_n and_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v equal_a to_o that_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v depress_v as_o yet_o beneath_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n when_o he_o be_v apparent_a in_o the_o vertex_fw-la therefore_o the_o problem_n be_v reduce_v hither_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o sun_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n be_v give_v to_o find_v the_o time_n which_o be_v spend_v whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o depression_n to_o the_o horizon_n whence_o also_o it_o will_v be_v manifest_a that_o this_o time_n be_v also_o diverse_a in_o the_o divers_a day_n of_o the_o year_n therefore_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v note_v on_o the_o globe_n and_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v clevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o same_o let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v affix_v to_o the_o vertex_fw-la the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v find_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a from_o any_o day_n take_v let_v it_o be_v note_v also_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a opposite_a to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n then_o let_v this_o opposite_a point_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o occidental_a horizon_n and_o let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o the_o hour_n 12._o this_o be_v do_v let_v the_o degree_n of_o depression_n before_o find_v be_v note_v in_o the_o quadrant_n and_o the_o opposite_a point_n be_v turn_v above_o the_o horizon_n until_o it_o have_v a_o altitude_n equal_a to_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o depression_n which_o will_v be_v discover_v from_o the_o application_n of_o the_o quadrant_n so_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n beneath_o the_o oriental_a horizon_n will_v have_v that_o depression_n and_o the_o index_n in_o the_o horaty_a circle_n will_v show_v the_o time_n intercopt_v between_o that_o depression_n of_o he_o and_o his_o emersion_n above_o the_o horizon_n but_o because_o in_o this_o case_n we_o do_v almost_o work_v only_o by_o minute_n therefore_o it_o be_v better_a to_o calculate_v it_o than_o to_o search_v after_o it_o on_o the_o globe_n now_o you_o shall_v find_v it_o if_o that_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v place_v 3_o stadias_fw-la or_o ¾_n of_o a_o german_a mile_n because_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o depression_n be_v about_o three_o degree_n night_n the_o mountain_n of_o caucasus_n and_o casius_n according_a to_o aristotle_n and_o pliny_n be_v illustrate_v with_o the_o sun_n ray_n to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o night_n and_o if_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v 38_o degree_n and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o leo_n the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v behold_v be_v soon_o in_o the_o vertex_fw-la than_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n by_o 13_o minute_n hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o that_o be_v not_o so_o probable_a which_o aristotle_n relate_v of_o the_o high_a part_n of_o caucasus_n and_o pliny_n of_o the_o top_n of_o mount_n casius_n that_o they_o before_o the_o rise_n and_o after_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v illustrate_v with_o the_o sun_n beam_n even_o to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o night_n now_o how_o great_a a_o altitude_n be_v require_v for_o this_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n fourteen_o the_o time_n be_v give_v in_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v soon_o discern_v on_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n than_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o same_o to_o find_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o mountain_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v on_o the_o globe_n for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o the_o point_n be_v note_v which_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a let_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o sun_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n for_o the_o give_v time_n be_v find_v then_o from_o this_o arch_n as_o from_o a_o interval_n from_o whence_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n be_v discover_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o mountain_n must_v be_v search_v after_o by_o the_o four_o proposition_n of_o the_o nine_o chapter_n proposition_n xv._o the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v give_v in_o the_o zodiac_n together_o with_o its_o latitude_n to_o find_v out_o or_o show_v all_o those_o place_n on_o the_o globe_n to_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v vertical_a in_o the_o circumrotation_n of_o that_o day_n let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n take_v from_o the_o ephemerides_n be_v note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a then_o let_v one_o end_n of_o the_o quadrant_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o other_o to_o the_o point_v note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o let_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v account_v on_o the_o quadrant_n and_o let_v a_o mark_n be_v make_v at_o the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n on_o the_o globe_n then_o this_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o a_o chalk_n apply_v let_v a_o parallel_n be_v describe_v which_o the_o moon_n that_o day_n do_v describe_v by_o her_o circumvolution_n and_o all_o the_o place_n situate_v in_o this_o parallel_n be_v those_o demand_v after_o the_o same_o mode_n we_o act_n with_o the_o other_o planer_n if_o their_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n be_v give_v proposition_n xvi_o the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v give_v in_o the_o zodiac_n and_o its_o latitude_n and_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n to_o find_v the_o hour_n in_o which_o she_o arise_v in_o any_o place_n give_v and_o in_o which_o she_o set_v also_o in_o which_o she_o make_v midnight_n let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n give_v let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n find_v from_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v note_v on_o the_o ecliptic_a then_o let_v a_o point_n also_o be_v note_v on_o the_o globe_n for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o precede_a proposition_n 15._o see_v proposition_n 15._o this_o be_v do_v let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o index_n to_o the_o 12_o hour_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o the_o moon_n arise_v or_o be_v in_o the_o meridian_n or_o set_v for_o the_o index_n in_o the_o circle_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n of_o her_o rise_n or_o set_v or_o be_v in_o
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the_o difference_n of_o time_n the_o longitude_n of_o our_o place_n seek_v for_o shall_v be_v find_v as_o be_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v in_o the_o precede_a mode_n the_o three_o mode_n by_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o some_o fix_a star_n moon_n the_o three_o mode_n of_o the_o moon_n by_o reason_n that_o we_o can_v observe_v the_o moon_n in_o the_o meridian_n many_o night_n viz._n when_o she_o be_v not_o much_o remove_v from_o the_o sun_n after_o and_o before_o the_o new_a moon_n and_o therefore_o this_o appearance_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a as_o the_o mariner_n use_n require_v therefore_o some_o do_v consider_v another_o phoenomenon_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v more_o frequent_a and_o from_o thence_o the_o mode_n in_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n be_v deliver_v viz._n the_o draw_v near_o and_o depart_v of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o fix_a star_n for_o from_o thence_o the_o true_a place_n of_o the_o moon_n may_v be_v observe_v at_o the_o 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and_o last_o in_o 16_o day_n with_o 18_o hour_n the_o progress_n of_o their_o motion_n must_v be_v calculate_v at_o every_o hour_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o common_a ephemerides_n but_o you_o have_v their_o ephemerides_n in_o other_o book_n therefore_o if_o we_o desire_v by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o motion_n to_o find_v the_o longitude_n of_o a_o place_n we_o must_v make_v use_n of_o a_o most_o perfect_a astroscope_n and_o in_o the_o night_n turn_v it_o to_o jupiter_n if_o he_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n of_o that_o place_n to_o observe_v the_o conjunction_n of_o these_o two_o planet_n or_o the_o conjunction_n with_o jupiter_n or_o the_o like_a appearance_n and_o at_o that_o moment_n of_o time_n to_o find_v also_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o meridian_n situation_n or_o altitude_n of_o any_o star_n then_o the_o ephemerides_n of_o these_o companion_n of_o jupiter_n must_v be_v consult_v and_o the_o hour_n and_o scruple_n of_o hour_n thence_o 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the_o four_o thing_n which_o be_v next_o above_o this_o be_v a_o dias_n for_o the_o minute_n of_o hour_n so_o that_o you_o shall_v see_v every_o minute_n pass_v two_o beautiful_a picture_n of_o two_o child_n be_v join_v to_o either_o side_n of_o this_o he_o which_o be_v on_o the_o north-side_n have_v a_o sceptre_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o when_o the_o clock_n strike_v he_o tell_v orderly_o every_o stroke_n he_o on_o the_o southside_n have_v a_o fine_a hourglass_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o run_v just_a with_o the_o clock_n and_o when_o the_o clock_n have_v strike_v he_o turn_v his_o hourglass_n which_o be_v run_v forth_o and_o hold_v it_o run_v the_o first_o thing_n which_o be_v next_o above_o the_o minute-dial_n be_v the_o dial_n for_o the_o hour_n contain_v the_o half_a part_n also_o the_o uttermost_a circumference_n contain_v the_o hour_n but_o within_o it_o be_v make_v a_o curious_a and_o perfect_a astrolabe_n whereby_o be_v show_v the_o motion_n of_o every_o planet_n his_o aspect_n 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side_n in_o the_o same_o room_n where_o he_o be_v come_v christ_n forth_o and_o drive_v he_o in_o but_o when_o the_o last_o quarter_n be_v hear_v christ_n give_v he_o leave_v to_o go_v to_o the_o bell_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o so_o strike_v he_o with_o his_o bone_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o hour_n and_o there_o he_o stand_v at_o the_o bell_n as_o the_o old_a man_n do_v at_o his_o quarter_n bell_n until_o the_o next_o quarter_n and_o then_o go_v they_o in_o both_o together_o the_o nine_o and_o last_o thing_n in_o this_o right_a line_n be_v the_o town_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o work_n wherein_o be_v a_o noble_a pleasant_a chime_n which_o go_v at_o three_o seven_o and_o eleven_o of_o the_o clock_n every_o time_n a_o diverse_a tune_n to_o one_o of_o the_o psalm_n and_o at_o christmas_n easter_n and_o whitsuntide_n a_o thanksgiving_n unto_o christ_n and_o when_o this_o chime_n have_v do_v the_o cock_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o town_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o main_a work_n have_v stretch_v out_o his_o neck_n shake_v his_o comb_n and_o clap_v his_o wing_n twice_o crowse_v then_o twice_o and_o this_o very_o he_o do_v so_o shrill_a and_o natural_o as_o it_o will_v make_v any_o man_n to_o wonder_n and_o if_o they_o listen_v which_o attend_v the_o clock_n they_o make_v he_o to_o crow_n more_o time_n in_o this_o town_n whereon_o this_o cock_n stand_v be_v convey_v all_o the_o instrument_n of_o those_o motion_n which_o be_v in_o the_o foresay_a describe_v thing_n the_o other_o place_n of_o note_n in_o this_o low_a alsatia_n be_v 2._o altkirck_n in_o the_o part_n of_o sungou_n 3._o ensisheim_n in_o high_a alsatia_n 4._o frisbourg_n in_o brisgou_n 6._o offenbourg_n in_o mortnais_n and_o 7._o bid_v in_o the_o marquisate_n rhine_n palatinate_n of_o the_o rhine_n the_o palatinate_n of_o the_o rhine_n which_o be_v divide_v or_o sever_v into_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o palatinate_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o house_n palatinate_n and_o the_o bishopric_n and_o imperial_a city_n of_o spire_n and_o worm_n the_o chief_a place_n be_v heidelberg_n seat_v in_o a_o plain_a but_o environ_v on_o three_o side_n with_o high_a mountain_n and_o the_o other_o regard_v the_o rhine_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a about_o a_o mile_n it_o be_v dignify_v with_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o palsgraves_n as_o also_o with_o a_o university_n 2._o spire_n seat_v in_o a_o plain_a about_o half_a a_o mile_n from_o the_o rhine_n a_o city_n of_o more_o antiquity_n than_o beauty_n and_o trade_n be_v of_o note_n for_o the_o imperial_a chamber_n here_o continual_o keep_v 3._o worm_n a_o city_n also_o of_o good_a antiquity_n for_o the_o many_o imperial_a parliament_n here_o former_o hold_v and_o 4._o frankendal_n a_o new_a fair_a strong_a and_o beautiful_a city_n about_o which_o grow_v great_a plenty_n of_o rhenish_a wine_n cologne_n electorates_n of_o mayence_n trive_v and_o cologne_n the_o electorates_n and_o archbishopric_n on_o the_o rhine_n be_v those_o of_o mayence_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v mayence_n and_o aschaffenbourg_n of_o treves_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v treves_n and_o coblentz_n and_o of_o cologne_n who_o principal_a place_n be_v cologne_n and_o bonne_fw-fr cleaveland_n cleaveland_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o succession_n of_o cleaveland_n contain_v the_o dutchy_n of_o cleves_n of_o julier_fw-la and_o of_o berge_n the_o duchy_n of_o cleves_n and_o county_n of_o mark_n be_v in_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n cleves_n duchy_n of_o cleves_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n wesel_n and_o hamme_n in_o the_o county_n of_o mark_n juliers_n duchy_n of_o juliers_n the_o duchy_n of_o juliers_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n aken_n where_o the_o emperor_n after_o his_o election_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o silver_n crown_n of_o germany_n this_o place_n be_v of_o great_a esteem_n for_o its_o holy_a relic_n and_o 2._o juliers_n the_o duchy_n of_o berge_n or_o monte_fw-fr have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n dusseldrop_n hattingen_n and_o arusberg_n the_o unite_a province_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o low_a country_n or_o netherlands_o be_v contain_v the_o duchy_n of_o gelder_n the_o earldom_n of_o holland_n zealand_n and_o zutphen_n and_o the_o lordship_n of_o vtrecht_n overyssel_n groningue_n and_o malines_n guelderland_n duchy_n of_o guelderland_n the_o duchy_n of_o gvelder_n or_o gvelderland_n westward_n of_o brabant_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o quarter_n of_o betuve_n veluve_fw-fr and_o gelder_n particular_o so_o call_v wherein_o be_v the_o town_n of_o 1._o nieumegue_n once_o a_o free_a city_n seat_v on_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o rhine_n call_v whael_n and_o make_v one_o of_o the_o imperial_a seat_n in_o these_o part_n by_o charles_n the_o great_a the_o other_o two_o be_v thionvil_n and_o aken_n 2._o arnhem_o the_o usual_a residence_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o gelder_n 3._o ruremond_n so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n ruer_n and_o monde_n 4._o harderwick_n from_o a_o village_n make_v a_o wall_a town_n by_o otho_n the_o three_o earl_n 5._o gelder_n 6._o venlo_n and_o 7._o bommel_n holland_n earldom_n of_o holland_n the_o earldom_n of_o holland_n have_v on_o the_o west_n and_o north_n the_o sea_n from_o which_o no_o part_n be_v above_o three_o hour_n distance_n in_o this_o earldom_n be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o 400_o village_n and_o 23_o town_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v amsterdam_n which_o of_o late_a by_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o new_a to_o the_o old_a be_v a_o fair_a strong_a and_o beautiful_a city_n be_v the_o most_o rich_a and_o powerful_a of_o all_o the_o netherlands_o famous_a for_o its_o great_a trade_n to_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o as_o infamous_a for_o its_o
aforesaid_a snellius_n make_v a_o hollandish_a mile_n to_o consist_v of_o 1500_o rhindlandish_a perch_n every_o perch_n be_v twelve_o foot_n long_o or_o to_o consist_v of_o 18000_o rhindlandish_a foot_n foot_n measure_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o division_n of_o a_o foot_n and_o these_o two_o measure_n to_o wit_n the_o perch_n and_o mile_n arise_v from_o the_o multiplication_n and_o aggregation_n of_o foot_n but_o the_o measure_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o division_n of_o a_o foot_n be_v a_o digit_fw-la or_o finger_n a_o palm_n or_o hand_n breadth_n and_o a_o grain_n a_o digit_fw-la be_v the_o twelve_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n a_o palm_n contain_v four_o digit_n and_o a_o grain_n be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o digit_fw-la but_o these_o be_v seldom_o use_v it_o be_v better_a to_o divide_v a_o foot_n into_o ten_o digit_n and_o then_o a_o digit_fw-la into_o ten_o grain_n and_o these_o measure_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o use_n of_o geography_n but_o there_o be_v other_o measure_n hereunto_o to_o be_v add_v which_o i_o have_v note_v in_o the_o scheme_n to_o wit_n those_o of_o the_o ancient_n as_o egyptian_n greek_n roman_n persian_n etc._n etc._n also_o thosr_n of_o late_a time_n as_o of_o the_o turk_n polander_n german_n moscovian_o italian_n spaniard_n french_a english_a etc._n etc._n the_o grecian_a stadium_n or_o furlong_n be_v judge_v to_o be_v 600_o greek_a foot_n which_o make_v 625_o roman_n or_o rhindlandinsh_fw-mi foot_n a_o german_a mile_n of_o which_o geographer_n allow_v fifteen_o to_o one_o degree_n contain_v 14000_o â—_o 19_o foot_n it_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v 4000_o pace_n that_o be_v 32_o stadia_n or_o furlong_n it_o be_v proportion_n to_o the_o rhindlandish_a mile_n be_v as_o 15_o to_o 19_o the_o italian_a or_o roman_a mile_n be_v a_o thousand_o pace_n or_o eight_o stadium_n a_o geometrical_a pace_n contain_v five_o foot_n a_o fathom_n be_v six_o foot_n which_o be_v report_v by_o some_o to_o have_v be_v the_o grecian_a pace_n a_o cubit_n be_v a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a parasange_n that_o be_v the_o persian_a mile_n be_v esteem_v to_o have_v contain_v 30_o stadium_n but_o it_o contain_v 3000_o persian_a pace_n schaenus_n the_o egyptian_a measure_n contain_v according_a to_o herodotus_n sixty_o stadium_n and_o according_a to_o pliny_n forty_o but_o peradventure_o the_o size_n thereof_o be_v divers_a according_a to_o the_o different_a place_n wherein_o it_o be_v use_v also_o either_o herodotus_n stadium_n differ_v from_o plinys_n or_o else_o their_o book_n be_v faulty_a the_o french_a league_n hold_v proportion_n to_o the_o rhindlandlish_n mile_n as_o 25_o to_o 19_o or_o else_o as_o 60_o to_o 19_o the_o spanish_a league_n hold_v proportion_n to_o the_o rhindlandish_a mile_n as_o 17_o ½_n to_o 19_o but_o because_o in_o divers_a place_n both_o of_o france_n and_o spain_n a_o different_a greatness_n of_o a_o league_n be_v observe_v therefore_o these_o thing_n be_v not_o altogether_o certain_a the_o english_a mile_n hold_v proportion_n to_o the_o rhindlandish_a mile_n as_o 55_o to_o 19_o or_o else_o as_o 16_o to_o 19_o but_o the_o english_a have_v three_o sort_n of_o miles_n to_o wit_n the_o great_a of_o which_o 27_o ½_n be_v equal_a to_o a_o degree_n the_o mean_a of_o which_o 50_o make_v a_o degree_n and_o the_o least_o of_o which_o 60_o or_o 55_o mile_n make_v a_o degree_n the_o danish_a or_o swedish_n miles_n hold_v proportion_n to_o the_o rhindlandish_a mile_n as_o 10_o to_o 19_o but_o in_o some_o place_n the_o dane_n and_o swede_n use_v the_o geâ—man_n mile_n the_o russian_a mile_n hold_v proportion_n with_o the_o rhindlandish_a mile_n as_o 80_o to_o 19_o the_o turkish_a mile_n or_o league_n be_v think_v to_o be_v equal_a with_o the_o italian_a mile_n insomuch_o that_o 60_o of_o they_o make_v a_o degree_n the_o arabian_a league_n former_o be_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o degree_n so_o that_o twenty_o five_o arabian_a league_n do_v equalise_v one_o degree_n or_o nineteeâ—â—_n hollandish_a miles_n but_o yet_o the_o arabian_n do_v also_o use_v another_o measure_n fifty_o five_o of_o which_o say_v to_o be_v a_o degree_n a_o hundred_o indian_a mile_n be_v judge_v to_o be_v equal_a to_o a_o degree_n although_o the_o indian_n common_o describe_v their_o distance_n by_o the_o journey_n of_o day_n and_o hour_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cambain_n and_o guzâ—â—ratta_n use_v a_o certain_a measure_n which_o they_o call_v cosa_n thirty_o of_o which_o make_v a_o degree_n those_o of_o the_o country_n sinae_n or_o china_n observe_v three_o journey-measure_n which_o they_o call_v li_n pu_o and_o vchan_n li_n be_v the_o space_n from_o whence_o the_o voice_n of_o a_o man_n cry_v aloud_o may_v be_v hear_v in_o a_o plain_a and_o in_o a_o calm_a air_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v three_o hundred_o geometrical_a pace_n pu_o contain_v li_z ten_o time_n so_o that_o twenty_o pu_n make_v a_o degree_n and_o ten_o pu_n make_v a_o vchan_n which_o they_o determine_v one_o day_n journey_n which_o be_v 30000_o pace_n the_o square_a rhinlandish_a mile_n consist_v of_o square_a foot_n the_o cubick_a rhindlandish_a mile_n consist_v of_o cubick_a foot_n but_o the_o account_n of_o a_o square_a rhinlandish_a mile_n arise_v from_o multiply_v the_o same_o mile_n into_o itself_o and_o the_o cubick_a mile_n be_v complete_a if_o the_o square_a mile_n be_v multiply_v by_o a_o simple_a mile_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o touch_v square_a and_o cubick_a foot_n of_o absolute_a geography_n sect_n ii_o contain_v the_o general_n and_o absolute_a property_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n in_o five_o chapter_n chap._n iii_o concern_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n earth_n thing_n to_o be_v observe_v concern_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n figure_n be_v first_o the_o principal_a of_o all_o property_n of_o the_o earth_n not_o only_o in_o nobleness_n but_o also_o excel_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o profit_n and_o necessity_n thereof_o forasmuch_o as_o without_o it_o nothing_o can_v be_v full_o and_o solid_o demonstrate_v or_o know_v in_o geography_n and_o all_o thing_n therein_o follow_v do_v in_o a_o manner_n depend_v and_o proceed_v from_o she_o alone_o in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o our_o discourse_n be_v to_o be_v begin_v at_o she_o but_o there_o have_v be_v divers_a opinion_n concern_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o indeed_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n that_o be_v man_n endue_v with_o no_o knowledge_n in_o geography_n do_v think_v that_o the_o earth_n extend_v itself_o in_o a_o vast_a and_o broad_a plain_n who_o boundary_a be_v a_o circular_a line_n but_o that_o the_o hill_n and_o valley_n meet_v and_o stop_v it_o lactantius_n and_o other_o father_n be_v of_o this_o opinion_n earth_n lactantius_n his_o opinion_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o earnest_o defend_v and_o maintain_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v extend_v downward_o with_o infinite_a root_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n to_o have_v its_o foundation_n this_o they_o think_v be_v move_v thereto_o by_o certain_a place_n of_o holy_a scripture_n earth_n see_v lactantius_n in_o his_o 3d_o book_n chap._n 24._o and_o augustine_n in_o his_o 16_o book_n de_fw-fr civit._fw-la dei_fw-la chap._n 9_o the_o opinion_n of_o francis_n patric_n anaximander_n leucippus_n and_o other_o concern_v the_o earth_n either_o misinterpret_v or_o wrong_v understand_v this_o opinion_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n heraclitus_n although_o some_o man_n write_v that_o he_o attribute_v to_o the_o earth_n the_o shape_n of_o a_o boat_n or_o make_v hollow_a in_o the_o bottom_n furthermore_o of_o these_o of_o latter_a day_n francis_n patric_n no_o base_a philosopher_n do_v stiff_o maintain_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v extend_v on_o a_o plain_a foot_n peucer_n write_v that_o anaximander_n judge_v the_o form_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v like_o a_o rowling-pin_n but_o that_o be_v not_o likely_a see_v that_o he_o both_o assay_v the_o dimension_n or_o measure_v the_o earth_n and_o be_v skilful_a enough_o in_o astronomy_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o age_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o at_o lacedaemon_n sit_v up_o and_o make_v heliotrope_n or_o sun-dial_n in_o which_o the_o top_n of_o the_o finger_n or_o stile_n of_o the_o dial_n with_o its_o shadow_n do_v mark_v out_o and_o show_v the_o day_n of_o the_o equinox_n and_o solstice_n 13._o see_v aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr coelo_fw-la ch_n 13._o leucippus_n be_v record_v to_o have_v think_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v shape_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o drum_n and_o there_o be_v other_o man_n which_o dare_v ascribe_v i_o know_v not_o what_o fond_a opinion_n to_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n but_o the_o true_a opinion_n maintain_v by_o almost_o all_o philosopher_n that_o be_v mathematician_n be_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o like_o a_o globe_n or_o sphere_n but_o the_o argument_n which_o
a_o b_o c_o d_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o verticle_n b_o g_o be_v observe_v by_o a_o quadrant_n let_v at_o alexandria_n in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o solstice_n 21_o of_o june_n g_o f_o or_o g_o f_o be_v observe_v 1_o 50_o of_o the_o periphery_a or_o 7_o degree_n 12_o minute_n but_o in_o syene_n let_v there_o be_v no_o distance_n the_o sun_n hang_v perpendicular_o over_o their_o head_n therefore_o b_o g_z shall_v be_v the_o arch_n intercept_v between_o those_o two_o place_n and_o because_o the_o distance_n put_v be_v 5000_o stadiums_n therefore_o according_a to_o the_o golden_a rule_n it_o shall_v be_v as_o 7_o degree_n 12_o part_n to_o one_o degree_n or_o as_o 1_o 50_o to_o 1_o 360_o or_o as_o 5_o to_o 36_o so_o 5000_o to_o 694_o 4_o 9_o stadiums_n which_o be_v requisite_a for_o one_o degree_n or_o as_o 1_o 50_o be_v to_o 50_o or_o as_o 1_o to_o 50_o so_o 5000_o to_o 250000_o stadiums_n of_o the_o whole_a periphery_n a_o b_o c_o d_o according_a to_o this_o measure_n yet_o see_v there_o be_v divers_a way_n to_o take_v the_o meridian_n altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o vertical_a point_n g_o b_o eratosthenes_n wrought_v it_o by_o a_o hollow_a spherical_a scioterick_n or_o sundial_n which_o they_o call_v scaphe_n where_o the_o style_n b_o x_o show_v the_o vertex_fw-la o_o x_o z_o but_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n terminaitng_a the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n or_o pin_n mark_v out_o b_o z_o how_o much_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n o_o b_o from_o the_o vertex_fw-la 7_o degree_n 12_o fir_v at_o alexandria_n but_o in_o the_o city_n syene_n the_o style_n g_o x_o make_v no_o shadow_n that_o day_n because_o o_o the_o sun_n hang_v perpendicular_o over_o it_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n then_o because_o therefore_o the_o angle_n b_o x_o z_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o angle_n b_o x_o o_o who_o measure_n be_v b_o o_o or_o b_o z_o there_o b_o o_fw-fr be_v equal_a to_o b_o z_o 7_o degree_n 12_o first_o minute_n or_o 1_o 50_o of_o the_o periphery_a the_o other_o thing_n be_v perform_v as_o it_o have_v be_v say_v the_o three_o manner_n of_o posidonius_n earth_n posidonius_n manner_n use_v about_o the_o magnitude_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o earth_n let_v two_o place_n b_o g_z be_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n posidonius_n take_v b_o rhodes_n and_o g_o the_o city_n alexandria_n in_o egypt_n let_v the_o altitude_n of_o some_o star_n in_o these_o two_o place_n when_o it_o come_v into_o the_o meridian_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o that_o in_o the_o same_o day_n or_o in_o divers_a day_n which_o matter_n not_o at_o all_o posidonius_n take_v the_o shine_a star_n canobus_n which_o be_v of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n in_o argonavi_n scheme_n see_v scheme_n but_o this_o star_n do_v not_o rise_v above_o the_o horizon_n of_o rhodes_n h_o h_n s_n but_o do_v only_o touch_v the_o horizon_n in_o s_n yet_o it_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n of_o alexandria_n f_o r_o t_o in_o the_o arch_n t_o s_o 1_o 48_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a periphery_n or_o 7_o degree_n 30_o minute_n therefore_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o arch_n t_o s_o that_o be_v b_o g_o shall_v be_v 7_o degree_n 30_o minute_n unto_o 1_o degree_n or_o as_o 1_o 48_o part_n unto_o 1_o 360_o that_o be_v as_o 1_o to_o 48_o so_o 5000_o to_o 240000_o stadiums_n of_o the_o whole_a perimeter_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o these_o hypothesis_n of_o posidonius_n the_o four_o manner_n or_o way_n of_o snellius_n earth_n snellius_n way_n about_o the_o dimension_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o earth_n because_o in_o the_o former_a way_n we_o have_v take_v two_o place_n b_o g_z lying_z under_o the_o same_o meridian_n and_o yet_o the_o place_n fit_a for_o this_o business_n may_v lie_v under_o divers_a meridian_n therefore_o we_o think_v it_o requisite_a that_o a_o example_n and_o that_o of_o snellius_n shall_v be_v also_o concern_v this_o case_n here_o propose_v let_v therefore_o a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v the_o meridian_n of_o alcmaria_n b_o alcmaria_n itself_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n h_o a_o 52_o degree_n 40_o ½_n minute_n the_o distance_n from_o the_o pole_n b_o a_o 37_o degree_n 19_o minute_n 30_o second_n scheme_n see_v scheme_n let_v the_o other_o place_n be_v p_o bergenapsome_n the_o meridian_n a_o p_o v_o v_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o pole_n that_o be_v the_o compliment_n of_o the_o elevation_n 51_o degree_n 29_o minute_n a_o p_o be_v 38_o degree_n 31_o minute_n therefore_o p_o g_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n be_v draw_v to_o a_o b_o g_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o pole_n be_v b_o g_o 71_o minute_n 30_o second_n or_o 1_o degree_n 11_o minute_n 30_o second_n moreover_o snellius_n by_o a_o laborious_a geodesie_n or_o earth-meeting_n find_v the_o distance_n of_o alcmaria_n from_o bergen_n b_o p_o to_o be_v 34710_o rhindlandish_a perch_n and_o the_o angle_n of_o position_n p_o b_o g_o to_o be_v 11_o degree_n 26_o minute_n 2_o second_n therefore_o in_o the_o triangle_n straight_o angle_v p_o b_o g_o the_o hypotenuse_n b_o p_o and_o the_o angle_n b_o p_o g_o be_v give_v therefore_o by_o the_o problem_n of_o the_o second_o chapter_n b_o g_z be_v find_v 34018_o for_o which_o snellius_n take_v 33930_o for_o he_o detract_v 88_o perch_n from_o the_o station_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n but_o the_o arch_n b_o g_o 71_o ½_n scruple_n be_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n therefore_o as_o 71_o ½_n minute_n be_v to_o 1_o degree_n or_o 60_o minute_n so_o be_v 33930_o or_o 34018_o to_o 28473_o perch_n for_o one_o degree_n or_o according_a to_o the_o round_a number_n 28500_o or_o 19_o holland_n mile_n they_o which_o understand_v spherical_a trigonometry_n from_o the_o give_v a_o b_o a_o p_o the_o angle_n a_o b_o p_o may_v find_v the_o arch_n b_o p_o to_n be_v 1_o degree_n 14_o minute_n which_o when_o they_o be_v equal_a with_o 34710_o perch_n 1_o degree_n shall_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o perch_n or_o of_o 18_o mile_n and_o ⅘_n but_o the_o cause_n that_o this_o number_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o snellius_n be_v first_o that_o snellius_n do_v not_o take_v the_o very_a point_n of_o the_o tower_n b_o p_o by_o which_o he_o obtain_v the_o angle_n g_o b_o p_o for_o the_o know_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n but_o he_o take_v the_o place_n a_o little_a distant_a from_o they_o 197._o see_v snellius_n in_o page_n 197._o notwithstanding_o no_o man_n can_v doubt_v but_o the_o same_o may_v be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n the_o other_o cause_n be_v that_o he_o take_v the_o line_n b_o g_z b_o p_o p_o g_o as_o straight_o which_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o straight_o although_o this_o discord_n may_v seem_v to_o make_v little_a or_o no_o difference_n of_o any_o moment_n but_o let_v snellius_n his_o quantity_n of_o a_o degree_n of_o 28500_o perch_n be_v take_v mine_n of_o 28300_o perch_n his_o make_v 19_o 147_o 150_o mile_n mine_n 18_o ⅘_n mile_n the_o perimeter_n or_o circuit_n according_a to_o snellius_n shall_v be_v 10260000_o perch_n 123120000_o foot_n or_o 8640_o holland_n mile_n the_o five_o manner_n be_v the_o first_o terrestrial_a way_n of_o measure_v the_o earth_n earth_n the_o first_o terrestrial_a way_n for_o the_o find_v out_o the_o magnitude_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o earth_n the_o three_o follow_a manner_n or_o way_n be_v terrestrial_a perform_v the_o work_n without_o the_o heaven_n or_o meridian_n line_n let_v b_o p_o be_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o tower_n this_o be_v to_o be_v seek_v out_o in_o a_o land-measuring_a way_n then_o let_v p_o s_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o most_o remote_a term_n from_o whence_o the_o tower_n may_v be_v see_v and_o although_o p_o be_v be_v not_o a_o strait_a line_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v the_o least_o part_n of_o the_o periphery_a of_o the_o whole_a earth_n therefore_o it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o the_o triangle_n straight_o angle_v b_o p_o s_o in_o which_o by_o the_o give_v b_o p_o p_o s_o the_o angle_n b_o s_o p_o be_v find_v to_o who_o b_o r_z s_z be_v equal_a who_o measure_n be_v the_o arch_n s_o p._n therefore_o as_o this_o arch_n be_v to_o one_o degree_n so_o p_o s_o the_o find_v distance_n scheme_n see_v scheme_n be_v to_o the_o quantity_n of_o one_o degree_n as_o for_o example_n let_v b_o p_o the_o altitude_n be_v 480_o pace_n and_o let_v the_o distance_n p_o s_z of_o the_o point_n s_o which_o end_v the_o sight_n be_v 40000_o pace_n or_o 10_o german_a mile_n therefore_o let_v it_o be_v wrought_v according_a to_o the_o problem_n of_o the_o second_o chapter_n as_o
common_o call_v they_o spaw_n 1._o they_o arise_v from_o the_o admixture_n of_o a_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n salt_n and_o alom_n which_o mineral_n be_v partly_o simple_a and_o partly_o more_o or_o less_o admix_v with_o other_o mineral_n be_v find_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n especial_o in_o iron_n we_o prove_v this_o to_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o acidula_n and_o spaw_v 1._o by_o reason_n that_o almost_o every_o where_o where_o such_o acid_n water_n break_v out_o mine_n of_o vitriol_n salt_n and_o alom_n be_v find_v 2._o because_o the_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n and_o salt_n be_v acid_n as_o also_o some_o spirit_n of_o sulphur_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o chemistry_n 3._o because_o that_o from_o these_o kind_n of_o acid_n water_n no_o acid_n body_n but_o spirit_n be_v separate_v which_o be_v altogether_o like_a unto_o the_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n and_o salt_n 2._o great_a be_v the_o quantity_n of_o acid_n water_n or_o spaw_n in_o divers_a region_n where_o mine_n especial_o abound_v the_o cause_n be_v because_o that_o a_o acid_n sour_a spirit_n be_v almost_o in_o all_o body_n by_o reason_n that_o we_o have_v show_v that_o it_o be_v elementary_a in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n and_o first_o proposition_n it_o be_v find_v in_o all_o herb_n and_o fruit_n spaw_n the_o difference_n of_o spaw_n 3._o the_o difference_n of_o spaw_n be_v find_v to_o be_v notable_a some_o be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o sharp_a or_o sour_a that_o man_n make_v use_v of_o they_o instead_o of_o vinegar_n such_o a_o spring_n be_v find_v in_o nicana_n a_o province_n of_o sicilia_n in_o germany_n the_o fountain_n at_o elleboga_n be_v of_o a_o wonderful_a acidity_n other_o acid_n spring_n be_v term_v winy_a because_o that_o by_o their_o sharpness_n they_o come_v near_o the_o grateful_a taste_n of_o wine_n among_o which_o that_o be_v famous_a which_o be_v in_o the_o earldom_n of_o catzenellebocen_n in_o germany_n at_o the_o town_n schwalbach_n in_o the_o province_n of_o lion_n in_o france_n at_o the_o town_n of_o st._n baldomare_a be_v a_o fountain_n term_v fontaine_n fort_n that_o be_v the_o strong_a fountain_n it_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o wine_n and_o if_o that_o one_o four_o part_n of_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o wine_n it_o will_v want_v nothing_o of_o the_o taste_n of_o wine_n if_o it_o be_v pour_v on_o flour_n it_o will_v present_o ferment_n they_o can_v boil_v no_o meat_n in_o it_o for_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o subtlety_n it_o fly_v away_o it_o be_v very_o wholesome_a so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n seldom_o use_v a_o physician_n in_o aquitaine_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n bessa_n be_v the_o like_a winy_a sharp_a spring_n unto_o the_o water_n of_o which_o if_o that_o you_o only_o admix_v the_o six_o part_n of_o wine_n you_o will_v imagine_v that_o you_o drink_v pure_a wine_n without_o any_o admixture_n of_o water_n nigh_o to_o rome_n be_v a_o alomy_a sharp_a fountain_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o wine_n make_v a_o very_a grateful_a drink_n great_a be_v the_o number_n of_o acid_n spring_v in_o the_o upper_a germany_n whereof_o some_o flow_n into_o the_o danube_n and_o other_o into_o the_o rhine_n very_o many_o be_v in_o the_o forementioned_a earldom_n of_o catzenelleboch_n in_o the_o province_n of_o trier_n in_o tirolis_n rhaetia_n vindelicia_n a_o note_v one_fw-mi be_v near_a anderna_n call_v heilbrun_n in_o the_o province_n of_o toledo_n in_o spain_n near_o the_o village_n valentiola_n be_v spring_n which_o at_o the_o bottom_n be_v find_v acid_n and_o of_o a_o winy_a taste_n and_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n sweet_a which_o baccius_n think_v to_o happen_v because_o that_o the_o nitrous_a and_o acid_n part_n do_v subside_o and_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n but_o i_o suppose_v if_o that_o the_o relation_n be_v true_a that_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o spirit_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o superficies_n present_o do_v expire_v other_o acid_n fountain_n be_v astringent_a and_o contract_v the_o palate_n which_o be_v a_o token_n of_o iron_n particle_n or_o of_o the_o admixture_n of_o vitriol_n as_o also_o of_o alom_n the_o water_n of_o acid_n fountain_n in_o rainy_n and_o cloudy_a weather_n be_v find_v less_o acid_n which_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o admixture_n of_o condensated_a air._n also_o if_o that_o the_o water_n be_v expose_v to_o heat_n or_o if_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o open_a vessel_n for_o some_o hour_n or_o if_o it_o be_v carry_v a_o long_a voyage_n not_o well_o cover_v in_o cold_a vessel_n it_o present_o lose_v its_o acidity_n which_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o acidity_n of_o they_o depend_v on_o a_o subtle_a spirit_n yet_o they_o also_o have_v atom_n and_o the_o very_a vitriol_n alom_n iron_n salt_n gravel_n and_o the_o like_a this_o be_v prove_v from_o the_o matter_n that_o be_v discover_v to_o adhere_v to_o the_o conduit-pipe_n the_o studious_a may_v collect_v example_n by_o read_v of_o author_n at_o least_o two_o hundred_o acid_n spring_n or_o riveret_n run_v into_o the_o rhine_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o spirit_n nothing_o of_o acidity_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o rhine_n do_v you_o demand_v why_o there_o be_v no_o acid_n fountain_n in_o the_o northern_a place_n i_o suppose_v that_o cause_n to_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o subterraneous_a heat_n and_o a_o over_o great_a condensation_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o also_o for_o that_o cause_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o little_a or_o no_o gold_n be_v find_v in_o those_o region_n proposition_n viii_o to_o explain_v the_o generation_n of_o hot_a spring_n term_v bath_n and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o more_o famous_a of_o they_o bath_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o hot_a spring_n or_o bath_n a_o spring_n in_o izland_n be_v judge_v the_o most_o fervid_v of_o they_o all_o who_o water_n little_o differ_v from_o that_o which_o have_v arrive_v to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o heat_n and_o boil_a on_o the_o fire_n but_o caronius_n write_v that_o in_o japan_n there_o be_v a_o spring_n so_o hot_a that_o no_o water_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o that_o degree_n of_o heat_n by_o the_o most_o vehement_a fire_n it_o flow_v not_o continual_o but_o twice_o in_o a_o day_n for_o one_o hour_n with_o a_o great_a force_n of_o spirit_n and_o make_v a_o great_a pool_n which_o another_o have_v inform_v i_o to_o be_v call_v by_o the_o native_n singacko_n that_o be_v hell_n after_o those_o the_o hot_a fountain_n or_o bath_n of_o baden_n in_o helvetia_n be_v famous_a then_o the_o bath_n of_o appona_n in_o italy_n of_o vulgar_a bath_n there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o upper_a germany_n as_o also_o in_o other_o place_n in_o scotland_n be_v the_o lake_n and_o river_n nessa_n which_o be_v not_o hot_a yet_o it_o be_v never_o congeal_v with_o cold._n the_o cause_n and_o generation_n of_o bath_n be_v first_o the_o admixture_n of_o sulphureous_a particle_n whilst_o the_o water_n be_v carry_v through_o subterraneous_a passage_n or_o rather_o whilst_o that_o it_o glide_v through_o the_o sulphureous_a mine_n to_o a_o collection_n about_o the_o spring_n 2._o the_o vapour_n of_o smoke_n and_o exhalation_n within_o the_o earth_n where_o sulphur_n be_v pure_a or_o impure_a as_o peat_n coal_n amber_n and_o the_o like_a for_o these_o material_n continual_o send_v forth_o a_o calid_a or_o warm_a fume_n which_o heat_n the_o water_n carry_v thither_o or_o glide_v through_o those_o place_n yet_o particle_n of_o alom_n be_v admix_v to_o many_o nay_o the_o most_o bath_n as_o also_o of_o iron_n and_o niter_n whence_o they_o have_v somewhat_o a_o sharp_a and_o astringent_a taste_n or_o sapour_fw-la almost_o all_o the_o bath_n which_o we_o know_v flow_v without_o cease_v except_o the_o pepper-bath_n of_o germany_n which_o be_v famous_a in_o rhetia_n not_o far_o from_o curia_n and_o beside_o sulphur_n they_o contain_v something_o of_o gold_n and_o not_o a_o little_a niter_fw-la the_o water_n of_o these_o bath_n break_v out_o every_o year_n about_o the_o three_o of_o may_n and_o it_o cease_v to_o flow_v about_o the_o fourteen_o of_o september_n the_o famous_a bath_n in_o germany_n be_v the_o plumbariae_n in_o lorraine_n emsebadae_n above_o constantina_n in_o alsatia_n near_o gebersweil_n in_o the_o marquisate_n of_o bada_fw-es wildbad_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o wertebergh_n the_o blasianae_n near_o tubin_n there_o be_v many_o also_o in_o japan_n and_o the_o indian_a isle_n there_o be_v such_o hot_a one_o in_o the_o island_n of_o the_o azore_n that_o a_o egg_n may_v be_v boil_a in_o they_o proposition_n ix_o to_o explain_v the_o generation_n of_o oily_a and_o fat_a liquor_n flow_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o enumerate_v the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v liquor_n of_o oily_a liquor_n some_o fountain_n send_v forth_o a_o bituminous_a liquor_n some_o a_o fat_a water_n or_o
and_o sand_n from_o the_o shore_n or_o some_o bank_n also_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bottom_n be_v advance_v and_o lift_v up_o and_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o the_o river_n until_o it_o come_v to_o a_o more_o large_a and_o ample_a channel_n and_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o fountain_n or_o cause_n of_o abundancy_n of_o water_n for_o here_o the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o motion_n be_v remiss_a and_o then_o the_o terrestrial_a part_n subside_o and_o sand-bank_n be_v generate_v of_o which_o many_o be_v find_v in_o place_n where_o there_o be_v broad_a river_n but_o none_o almost_o in_o narrow_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o mischief_n which_o take_v away_o more_o splendour_n from_o the_o most_o flourish_a and_o rich_a empory_n or_o place_n of_o trade_n without_o any_o hope_n of_o recovery_n or_o bring_v great_a detriment_n to_o ship_n that_o we_o may_v pass_v over_o those_o ancient_a city_n now_o for_o many_o age_n bury_v in_o oblivion_n we_o have_v example_n before_o our_o eye_n of_o stavoren_n in_o friezland_n armuyen_n in_o zeiland_n of_o dort_n in_o holland_n antwerp_n in_o brabant_n and_o stade_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o bremen_n nothing_o take_v away_o the_o power_n of_o traffic_n from_o these_o city_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o their_o splendour_n and_o riches_n but_o the_o bank_n of_o sand_n arise_v in_o their_o river_n or_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n neither_o be_v there_o almost_o any_o empory_n that_o be_v maritimate_a that_o be_v free_a from_o the_o fear_n of_o these_o sand-bank_n those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o albis_n or_o the_o elbe_n have_v destroy_v many_o hamburgian_n ship_n that_o have_v escape_v the_o grand_a storm_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o same_o be_v manifest_a in_o other_o to_o he_o that_o consider_v especial_o in_o the_o texel_n and_o vlie_n of_o amsterdam_n they_o be_v discover_v in_o a_o great_a number_n on_o the_o seacoast_n of_o flanders_n and_o friezland_n and_o the_o suff_v of_o the_o sea_n go_v down_o many_o of_o they_o be_v discover_v to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o continent_n for_o the_o channel_n intercede_v have_v then_o little_a water_n and_o admit_v of_o no_o sail_v the_o famous_a or_o rather_o infamous_a among_o mariner_n by_o reason_n of_o shipwreck_n be_v those_o that_o be_v find_v in_o a_o great_a number_n in_o one_o part_n or_o place_n of_o the_o sea_n they_o be_v these_o 1._o the_o sand-bank_n of_o brazil_n abrolhos_n de_fw-fr brasilia_n het_n riff_o van_fw-mi brasilian_n also_o the_o droogte_n van_fw-mi brasil_n they_o lie_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o brazil_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 70_o mile_n which_o the_o mariner_n that_o sail_v to_o the_o indies_n aught_o to_o avoid_v with_o great_a diligence_n whilst_o that_o to_o shun_v the_o calm_a of_o guinea_n they_o sail_v towards_o brazil_n yet_o they_o come_v as_o near_o to_o those_o sand_n as_o they_o may_v that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o great_a wind_n but_o they_o must_v be_v cautious_a that_o they_o be_v not_o carry_v between_o brazil_n and_o the_o sand_n 2._o the_o sand_n of_o st._n ann_n not_o far_o from_o guinea_n six_o degree_n at_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o north_n pole_n ship_n be_v carry_v upon_o these_o come_v not_o off_o without_o great_a danger_n and_o labour_n and_o be_v detain_v for_o many_o day_n when_o that_o seaman_n suppose_v that_o they_o have_v pass_v beyond_o they_o for_o these_o sand_n be_v not_o continual_a but_o they_o be_v disjoin_v by_o broad_a and_o deep_a whirlpit_n or_o gulf_n so_o that_o in_o a_o small_a distance_n here_o be_v a_o depth_n of_o about_o eight_o fathom_n by_o and_o by_o about_o two_o 3._o the_o sand_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n and_o arabia_n call_v baixos_n de_fw-fr india_n they_o be_v sharp_a rock_n of_o coral_n of_o divers_a colour_n 4._o the_o sand_n of_o china_n 5._o the_o sand_n of_o flanders_n but_o more_o may_v be_v see_v in_o geographical_a sea-charts_a we_o have_v declare_v one_o mode_n of_o the_o generation_n by_o which_o these_o sand_n have_v a_o original_a by_o sink_v of_o the_o sandy_a matter_n which_o the_o sea_n carry_v with_o it_o the_o second_o mode_n to_o be_v adjoin_v to_o this_o be_v by_o which_o such_o sand_n can_v or_o may_v have_v a_o be_v to_o wit_n if_o that_o the_o sea_n overflow_v the_o earth_n in_o which_o the_o hill_n and_o rise_n be_v sandy_a for_o then_o those_o hill_n be_v or_o shall_v be_v call_v sand-hill_n they_o be_v discover_v in_o a_o large_a tract_n but_o the_o land_n itself_o be_v more_o low_a if_o therefore_o the_o sea_n by_o a_o irruption_n shall_v inundate_n and_o cover_v those_o land_n than_o those_o hill_n will_v be_v sand-bank_n so_o we_o must_v judge_v of_o other_o therefore_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o river_n sand-bank_n be_v most_o frequent_a because_o the_o channel_n be_v there_o broad_a and_o therefore_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o efflux_n of_o rivers_n be_v there_o diminish_v and_o therefore_o the_o matter_n sink_v which_o the_o violent_a flood_n bring_v with_o it_o also_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o ocean_n repel_v the_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n whence_o all_o the_o force_n cease_v and_o it_o be_v worth_a our_o labour_n to_o distinguish_v and_o consider_v these_o two_o mode_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o sand-bank_n proposition_n xi_o to_o conjecture_v whether_o the_o sand-hill_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o sea_n not_o far_o from_o the_o continent_n shall_v be_v part_n of_o this_o future_a continent_n land_n of_o sand-bank_n or_o hill_n in_o the_o sea_n not_o far_o from_o the_o land_n we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o former_a proposition_n that_o these_o sand-bank_n be_v generate_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n one_o true_o by_o the_o subsidency_n or_o sink_v of_o the_o sand_n into_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o by_o denomination_n viz._n all_o hill_n the_o water_n encompass_v and_o overflow_a the_o earth_n if_o that_o they_o be_v generate_v by_o the_o former_a mode_n and_o be_v find_v to_o increase_v more_o and_o more_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o they_o will_v join_v to_o the_o continent_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o sea_n will_v be_v dry_v between_o these_o sand-bank_n and_o the_o adjacent_a land_n but_o if_o that_o the_o sand-bank_n be_v generate_v after_o the_o second_o mode_n than_o we_o may_v conjecture_v that_o those_o sand-bank_n will_v not_o so_o easy_o be_v conjoin_v to_o the_o adjacent_a earth_n but_o that_o the_o sea_n rather_o will_v far_o overspread_v the_o land_n proposition_n xii_o island_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n after_o the_o same_o mode_n that_o sand-bank_n be_v yea_o island_n may_v proceed_v from_o sand-bank_n yet_o they_o be_v also_o make_v after_o another_o mode_n island_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o island_n for_o if_o that_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o sand_n gravel_n mud_n and_o ouze_n be_v aggregated_a in_o progress_n of_o time_n that_o it_o become_v high_a than_o the_o sea_n it_o will_v become_v a_o island_n which_o be_v the_o first_o mode_n then_o by_o the_o second_o mode_n if_o that_o the_o sea_n break_v into_o the_o land_n overflow_v only_o the_o low_a part_n but_o not_o the_o high_a and_o the_o hill_n those_o will_v be_v island_n and_o by_o this_o latter_a mode_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o those_o island_n be_v generate_v or_o have_v original_a which_o arise_v to_o a_o huge_a altitude_n as_o st._n helena_n ascension_n and_o the_o like_a especial_o those_o which_o be_v rocky_a and_o stony_a sea_n sicilia_n separate_v from_o italy_n by_o the_o sea_n hitherto_o appertain_v island_n which_o the_o sea_n have_v cut_v off_o from_o the_o prominent_a land_n so_o writer_n testify_v and_o the_o poet_n verse_n be_v know_v that_o sicilia_n be_v separate_v from_o italy_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o first_o mode_n viz._n the_o subsidency_n and_o congregation_n of_o many_o terrestrial_a particle_n the_o island_n of_o zealand_n denmark_n and_o japan_n have_v their_o original_n the_o same_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o molucco_n isle_n for_o if_o that_o you_o dig_v on_o the_o plain_a to_o a_o small_a depth_n you_o shall_v meet_v with_o a_o abundance_n of_o sand_n and_o shell_n sea_n other_o isle_n separate_v from_o the_o continent_n by_o the_o sea_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o ceiland_n relate_v that_o the_o isle_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o procurrent_a of_o india_n and_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a so_o the_o isle_n of_o sumatra_n be_v suppose_v former_o to_o have_v be_v unite_v to_o malacca_n the_o isle_n of_o the_o maldives_n in_o time_n past_a be_v be_v say_v to_o adhere_v to_o india_n and_o be_v a_o continuous_a continent_n yet_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v far_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o divide_v into_o a_o innumerable_a many_o
stay_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o shall_v we_o say_v that_o a_o thick_a exhalation_n consist_v in_o the_o morning_n time_n in_o that_o zone_n after_o that_o long_a absence_n three_o if_o that_o you_o be_v not_o please_v to_o admit_v that_o double_a refraction_n neither_o be_v you_o willing_a to_o grant_v that_o the_o supreme_a part_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o torrid_a and_o frigid_a zone_n make_v any_o refraction_n i_o say_v if_o that_o the_o two_o premise_a response_n or_o explication_n please_v not_o than_o you_o must_v confess_v that_o the_o air_n in_o that_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n at_o that_o time_n be_v much_o high_a than_o in_o our_o temperate_a zone_n and_o likewise_o more_o thick_a â—or_a only_o the_o altitude_n diminish_v the_o refraction_n but_o if_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a thickness_n refraction_n be_v much_o more_o augment_v by_o this_o than_o it_o be_v diminish_v by_o the_o altitude_n decrease_v but_o i_o be_o most_o take_v with_o the_o first_o of_o these_o three_o cause_n which_o make_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o air_n two_o mile_n for_o we_o may_v not_o in_o the_o horizontal_n refraction_n of_o 4_o degree_n 30_o minute_n make_v a_o less_o in_o nova_n zembla_n the_o other_o two_o be_v perplex_v with_o many_o difficulty_n now_o why_o they_o behold_v not_o the_o sun_n for_o so_o many_o day_n the_o same_o altitude_n remain_v after_o he_o cease_v to_o rise_v the_o three_o day_n of_o november_n i_o say_v that_o the_o cause_n be_v the_o thickness_n of_o the_o air._n the_o same_o answer_n must_v also_o be_v give_v why_o the_o same_o dutch_a mariner_n in_o the_o year_n 1596_o on_o the_o 30_o of_o may_n behold_v not_o the_o sun_n at_o midnight_n under_o the_o elevation_n of_o 69_o deg_fw-la 24_o minute_n when_o that_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o under_o the_o horizon_n 1_o degree_n why_o here_o it_o make_v no_o refraction_n the_o cause_n may_v be_v the_o same_o but_o we_o have_v be_v too_o large_a concern_v this_o matter_n which_o prolixity_n the_o reader_n must_v ascribe_v to_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o doctrine_n for_o to_o accurate_a knowledge_n of_o this_o matter_n most_o accurate_a observation_n be_v require_v neither_o yet_o may_v we_o if_o that_o the_o observation_n make_v at_o divers_a elevation_n of_o the_o same_o star_n on_o one_o place_n make_v not_o the_o same_o altitude_n assert_v that_o therefore_o the_o altitude_n of_o it_o be_v diverse_a for_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v the_o diversity_n of_o the_o rarity_n of_o the_o air_n viz._n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v nigh_a the_o horizon_n by_o so_o much_o it_o be_v less_o rare_a if_o that_o this_o be_v so_o the_o observation_n will_v in_o no_o wise_n produce_v the_o same_o altitude_n although_o it_o be_v the_o same_o because_o that_o we_o suppose_v in_o the_o calculation_n that_o the_o same_o rarity_n of_o the_o air_n be_v in_o both_o part_n of_o the_o air_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o refraction_n proposition_n xxxi_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o star_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n be_v give_v when_o that_o it_o first_o begin_v to_o appear_v that_o be_v the_o horizontal_n refraction_n of_o the_o star_n be_v give_v to_o find_v out_o the_o least_o altitude_n of_o that_o air_n as_o may_v be_v the_o thickness_n of_o that_o air_n for_o such_o be_v fraction_n and_o the_o great_a excess_n of_o density_n as_o may_v be_v of_o that_o air_n above_o the_o density_n of_o the_o aether_n that_o be_v the_o great_a rule_n that_o can_v be_v of_o refraction_n also_o more_o general_o the_o refraction_n of_o a_o star_n be_v give_v unto_o the_o give_v apparent_a altitude_n of_o it_o above_o the_o horizon_n to_o find_v the_o great_a altitude_n that_o may_v be_v horizon_n of_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o star_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n so_o let_v the_o give_v horizontal_n refraction_n n_o f_o l_o or_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o star_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n g_o f_o s_o or_o g_o l_o s_o when_o that_o it_o first_o begin_v to_o appear_v such_o as_o it_o be_v in_o nova_n zembla_n 4_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n it_o be_v manifest_a therefore_o from_o the_o optic_n that_o if_o the_o radius_fw-la s_o f_o touch_v the_o air_n in_o f_z that_o be_v if_o that_o the_o angle_n n_o f_o t_o be_v straight_o scheme_n see_v scheme_n then_o indeed_o that_o ray_n be_v not_o refract_v but_o if_o that_o no_o star_n be_v beneath_o the_o tangent_fw-la i_o n_z than_o no_o ray_n can_v immediate_o come_v near_o to_o f._n therefore_o it_o be_v require_v that_o the_o star_n shall_v be_v about_o the_o tangent_fw-la and_o the_o angle_n n_z f_o t_o shall_v be_v lesser_a than_o the_o right_a angle_n or_o than_o 90._o let_v it_o therefore_o be_v suppose_v that_o 89_o deg_fw-la 59_o min._n or_o 90_o degree_n although_o very_o great_a yet_o not_o great_a than_o 90._o moreover_o let_v n_o f_o t_o the_o angle_n give_v or_o the_o horizontal_n refraction_n 4_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n the_o angle_n t_o f_o l_o 85_o deg_fw-la 29_o min._n be_v leave_v the_o great_a which_o may_v be_v whence_o if_o that_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o as_o the_o sign_n t_o f_o l_o be_v to_o the_o sign_n f_o l_o t_o so_o be_v l_o t_o to_n t_o f_o and_o the_o find_v out_o t_o f_o shall_v be_v the_o least_o altitude_n of_o the_o air_n that_o may_v be_v the_o four_o proportional_a t_n f_o shall_v be_v the_o least_o that_o may_v be_v if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o middle_a bound_n or_o term_n viz._n the_o whole_a sign_n t_o l_o f_o and_o t_o l_o remain_v the_o same_o if_o that_o the_o refraction_n t_o f_o be_v not_o give_v to_o the_o apparent_a horizontal_n ray_n but_o to_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o star_n x_o l_o g._n we_o shall_v act_v after_o the_o same_o mode_n in_o â–³_o t_o l_o r_o t._n also_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n n_z f_o l_o 89_o deg_fw-la 59_o min_fw-mi to_o the_o sign_n t_o f_o l_o 85_o deg_fw-la 29_o min._n shall_v be_v the_o great_a reason_n which_o may_v be_v of_o the_o density_n of_o the_o air_n to_o the_o density_n of_o the_o aether_n proposition_n xxxii_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o air_n and_o one_o refraction_n of_o a_o star_n in_o it_o be_v give_v to_o a_o certain_a altitude_n of_o it_o to_o find_v out_o from_o it_o the_o rule_n of_o refraction_n or_o proportion_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n of_o incidency_n to_o the_o angle_n refract_v or_o to_o the_o thickness_n of_o that_o air_n for_o the_o give_v refraction_n at_o the_o give_v altitude_n now_o the_o give_v altitude_n of_o the_o air_n ought_v to_o be_v great_a than_o that_o which_o according_a to_o the_o precedent_a proposition_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o least_o scheme_n see_v scheme_n for_o if_o that_o it_o be_v not_o great_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o refraction_n be_v not_o observe_v and_o that_o the_o problem_n be_v impossible_a let_v therefore_o the_o t_o r_o given_z be_v great_a for_o example_n let_v x_o l_o g_o act_n the_o apparent_a altitude_n let_v the_o know_a refraction_n be_v m_o r_o l_o therefore_o in_o the_o triangle_n t_o l_o r_o be_v give_v t_o r_o t_o l_o and_o the_o angle_n t_o l_o r._n from_o these_o be_v find_v out_o t_o r_o f_o the_o refracted_a angle_n unto_o which_o if_o that_o you_o add_v m_z l_o you_o have_v the_o angle_n of_o incidency_n m_o r_o t_o and_o the_o reason_n or_o account_v of_o the_o sign_n m_o r_o t_o to_o the_o sign_n l_o r_o t_o shall_v be_v find_v this_o shall_v be_v the_o rule_n of_o refraction_n in_o this_o air_n or_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thickness_n of_o it_o to_o the_o density_n of_o the_o air._n proposition_n xxxiii_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o air_n and_o refraction_n be_v give_v to_o the_o one_o altitude_n of_o a_o star_n to_o find_v out_o the_o refraction_n in_o another_o altitude_n of_o a_o star_n scheme_n see_v scheme_n for_o example_n let_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o air_n t_o f_o or_o t_o r_o and_o the_o refraction_n n_o f_o l_o at_o the_o apparent_a altitude_n o_o be_v give_v viz._n the_o horizontal_n ray_n f_o l_o be_v that_o refract_v then_o let_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o apparent_a altitude_n of_o the_o star_n r_o l_o g_o or_o x_o l_o g_o be_v give_v let_v the_o rule_n of_o refraction_n or_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o sign_n n_z f_o t_n t_o f_o l_o or_o the_o sign_n n_z f_o t_n t_o f_o l_o be_v find_v by_o the_o precedent_a proposition_n then_o on_o the_o triangle_n t_o r_o l_o from_o the_o note_n t_o r_o t_o l_o and_o on_o the_o angle_n r_o l_o t_o let_v the_o angle_n t_o r_o l_o be_v find_v and_o as_o the_o sign_n t_o f_o l_o be_v to_o the_o sign_n t_o f_o n_z so_o be_v t_o r_o l_o to_o the_o other_o
or_o force_v in_o and_o therefore_o a_o general_a wind_n be_v consider_v especial_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n most_o remote_a from_o the_o land_n 2._o yet_o another_o wind_n may_v also_o blow_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n viz._n if_o that_o in_o another_o a_o cloud_n or_o other_o cause_n generate_a of_o a_o wind_n be_v very_o great_a from_o these_o two_o cause_n it_o happen_v that_o a_o general_a wind_n be_v less_o or_o more_o constant_a or_o continual_a in_o divers_a placer_fw-la now_o the_o general_a wind_n be_v only_o find_v in_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o tropic_n about_o the_o whole_a earth_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n it_o extend_v itself_o without_o the_o tropic_n the_o space_n of_o 7_o degree_n and_o they_o be_v call_v eastern_a that_o be_v the_o east-wind_n or_o collateral_a to_o the_o east_n as_o the_o southeast_n north-east_n viz._n which_o blow_n from_o the_o east_n towards_o the_o west_n for_o the_o 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make_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o brazil_n or_o the_o other_o isle_n call_v ascension_n to_o water_n at_o if_o then_o you_o demand_v by_o what_o course_n they_o sail_v when_o that_o the_o ship_n make_v a_o contrary_a voyage_n in_o this_o sea_n viz._n whilst_o that_o they_o steer_v from_o the_o philippin_n isle_n unto_o new_a spain_n or_o from_o brazil_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n unto_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a whilst_o that_o they_o sail_v from_o india_n in_o these_o voyage_n the_o reader_n must_v know_v that_o mariner_n use_v a_o threefold_a mode_n for_o either_o they_o navigate_v the_o sea_n situate_v without_o the_o tropic_n therefore_o they_o do_v not_o touch_v at_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n whilst_o that_o they_o sail_v from_o europe_n into_o india_n or_o where_o necessary_o they_o must_v pass_v by_o this_o they_o do_v not_o direct_o steer_v their_o course_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n but_o oblique_o from_o the_o north_n the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o it_o to_o the_o south_n or_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o it_o or_o last_o they_o choose_v such_o a_o time_n of_o navigation_n in_o which_o they_o know_v that_o that_o general_a wind_n be_v impede_v often_o by_o other_o but_o this_o latter_a because_o that_o it_o happen_v rare_o therefore_o they_o rather_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o two_o former_a modes_n of_o which_o we_o sâ—ll_z speak_v more_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o navigation_n therefore_o there_o be_v two_o sea_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n in_o which_o that_o general_a oriental_a wind_n with_o its_o collateral_n reign_v throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n viz._n that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o procurrent_a of_o africa_n and_o brazil_n the_o other_o be_v that_o which_o be_v extend_v between_o new_a spain_n or_o rather_o between_o america_n and_o the_o oriental_a island_n of_o which_o the_o philippin_n be_v a_o part_n the_o three_o part_n of_o this_o sea_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n viz._n between_o the_o 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del_fw-it majo_n with_o the_o southern-motion_n in_o the_o end_n of_o august_n in_o 35_o degree_n of_o the_o meridian_n of_o tristian_a de_fw-fr cunha_n in_o may_n in_o the_o new_a moon_n the_o west-wind_n rage_v and_o shipwreck_n but_o in_o 33_o degree_n of_o the_o same_o meridian_n the_o north_n and_o north-east_n wind_n predominate_v 8._o in_o june_n and_o july_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o china_n at_o pulon_n timor_fw-la the_o west-wind_n be_v violent_a and_o dangerous_a 9_o between_o china_n and_o japan_n many_o storm_n be_v from_o the_o new_a moon_n of_o july_n to_o the_o twelve_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n 10._o there_o if_o in_o june_n other_o wind_n blow_v beside_o the_o motion_n sometime_o from_o this_o sometime_o from_o that_o quarter_n until_o that_o they_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o north-east_n quarter_n of_o a_o certain_a a_o storm_n follow_v the_o second_o book_n of_o general_n geography_n concern_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n depend_v on_o the_o 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great_a circle_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o the_o sun_n describe_v in_o his_o annual_a motion_n in_o truth_n it_o exi_v not_o in_o the_o earth_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o notable_a use_n it_o be_v mark_v in_o the_o artificial_a globe_n as_o also_o in_o geographical_a map_n tropic_n the_o tropic_n six_o the_o tropic_n be_v two_o parallel_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la by_o so_o great_a a_o interval_n as_o the_o great_a recess_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n or_o as_o the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o obliquity_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n be_v that_o which_o be_v interpose_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o pole_n arctic_a the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n be_v that_o which_o be_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o southern_a pole_n circle_n the_o polary_a circle_n in_o the_o globe_n and_o in_o map_n they_o be_v wont_v to_o be_v note_v by_o a_o double_a periphery_n and_o the_o same_o appellation_n be_v ascribe_v the_o polary_a circle_n be_v two_o parallel_n so_o call_v whereof_o one_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o pole_n arctic_a the_o other_o from_o the_o antarctic_a so_o many_o degree_n as_o the_o sun_n be_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o his_o great_a recess_n and_o the_o first_o be_v term_v the_o arctic_a circle_n and_o the_o other_o the_o antarctic_a the_o circle_n hitherto_o explain_v do_v not_o depend_v on_o certain_a place_n such_o as_o the_o follow_a do_v which_o in_o divers_a place_n be_v various_a and_o different_a meridian_n the_o meridian_n seven_o the_o meridian_n of_o any_o place_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o line_n so_o term_v which_o pass_v through_o that_o place_n in_o which_o when_o the_o sun_n come_v the_o meridies_n be_v in_o that_o place_n now_o the_o meridies_n be_v that_o moment_n of_o the_o day_n which_o be_v equal_o distant_a from_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o
sun_n theorem_fw-la the_o meridian_n of_o every_o place_n pass_v through_o both_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o meridian_n be_v draw_v through_o every_o ten_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la which_o be_v the_o meridian_n of_o all_o those_o place_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v but_o instead_o of_o the_o meridian_n of_o all_o other_o place_n that_o do_v supply_v the_o place_n which_o be_v make_v of_o brass_n and_o in_o which_o the_o globe_n do_v hang._n for_o instance_n if_o that_o any_o place_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v bring_v unto_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n that_o shall_v be_v the_o meridian_n of_o the_o place_n in_o map_n of_o straight_a line_n the_o meridian_n be_v straight_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o top_n or_o uppermost_a part_n unto_o the_o bottom_n in_o map_n of_o crooked_a line_n they_o be_v those_o crooked_a line_n which_o join_v in_o the_o pole_n norizou_n the_o norizou_n sight_o the_o horizon_n of_o any_o place_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o great_a imaginary_a circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n which_o terminate_v the_o visible_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o that_o place_n it_o be_v also_o term_v the_o rational_a horizon_n that_o it_o may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o visible_a horizon_n which_o be_v improper_o so_o call_v it_o have_v no_o place_n in_o the_o artificial_a globe_n but_o a_o wooden_a circle_n in_o which_o the_o globe_n be_v sustain_v with_o its_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o serve_v instead_o of_o the_o horizon_n of_o any_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v term_v the_o wooden_a horizon_n and_o simple_o the_o horizon_n these_o be_v the_o definition_n who_o knowledge_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o attain_v the_o follow_a doctrine_n beside_o which_o it_o behove_v we_o to_o borrow_v from_o astronomy_n the_o mode_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n star_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n the_o first_o and_o common_a motion_n be_v that_o by_o which_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o all_o the_o star_n seem_v to_o be_v carry_v round_o about_o the_o earth_n to_o arise_v to_o we_o to_o make_v the_o meridian_n and_o to_o set_v and_o that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o four_o hour_n every_o one_o of_o the_o star_n and_o the_o sun_n every_o day_n by_o this_o their_o common_a motion_n seem_v to_o deseribe_v parallel_n circle_n unto_o the_o aequator_fw-la because_o that_o this_o motion_n be_v perform_v upon_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o same_o and_o therefore_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v the_o great_a circle_n of_o this_o motion_n and_o the_o rule_n and_o square_n by_o which_o we_o measure_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o other_o parallel_n in_o every_o hour_n they_o pass_v fifteen_o degree_n through_o the_o meridian_n both_o of_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o every_o other_o parallel_n for_o 360_o degree_n divide_v by_o 24_o the_o hour_n give_v unto_o every_o hour_n fifteen_o and_o therefore_o one_o hour_n and_o fifteen_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la make_v a_o equal_a proportion_n the_o horary_a circle_n show_v the_o hour_n which_o circle_n be_v affix_v unto_o the_o artificial_a globe_n be_v see_v in_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n where_o the_o pin_n or_o hand_n adher_v to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o it_o be_v turn_v about_o in_o the_o horary_a circle_n to_o show_v the_o hour_n sun_n the_o second_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n second_o the_o proper_a and_o second_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v also_o annual_a be_v that_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n or_o rather_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v from_o west_n to_o east_n or_o contrary_a to_o its_o first_o motion_n the_o time_n or_o number_n of_o the_o day_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n return_v unto_o the_o same_o point_n from_o whence_o it_o depart_v or_o in_o which_o it_o perform_v its_o whole_a period_n or_o circle_n be_v term_v a_o year_n now_o such_o a_o year_n be_v 361_o day_n and_o one_o four_o part_n of_o a_o day_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o way_n of_o this_o second_o solary_a motion_n be_v term_v the_o ecliptic_a as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o which_o be_v divide_v into_o twelve_o part_n which_o be_v call_v sign_n for_o astronomer_n have_v observe_v these_o constellation_n of_o the_o heaven_n through_o which_o this_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v lie_v and_o from_o these_o constellation_n denominate_v the_o twelve_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o because_o that_o all_o constellation_n represent_v the_o form_n of_o animal_n therefore_o the_o ancient_n term_v that_o way_n or_o ecliptic_a weaven_n the_o zodiac_n zone_n or_o girdle_n in_o the_o weaven_n the_o zodiac_n yet_o those_o which_o speak_v more_o distinct_o call_v the_o zodiac_n a_o zone_n or_o girdle_n in_o the_o heaven_n who_o middle_a be_v the_o very_a ecliptic_a itself_o or_o path_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o extreme_a part_n from_o both_o side_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v distant_a from_o it_o eight_o degree_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v a_o certain_a peculiar_a motion_n from_o east_n to_o west_n in_o which_o motion_n they_o do_v not_o describe_v the_o ecliptic_a itself_o but_o path_n decline_v somewhat_o from_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o declination_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o exceed_v not_o 8_o degree_n therefore_o they_o do_v attribute_v 16_o degree_n of_o latitude_n unto_o the_o zodiac_n viz._n eight_o from_o both_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a so_o that_o the_o zodiac_n be_v that_o space_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o which_o the_o planet_n be_v always_o move_v neither_o do_v they_o ever_o move_v out_o of_o it_o and_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v the_o middle_a line_n of_o the_o zodiac_n which_o the_o sun_n pass_v through_o by_o a_o annual_a motion_n in_o which_o it_o always_o keep_v its_o fix_a course_n moreover_o the_o sign_n or_o constellation_n of_o the_o heaven_n through_o which_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o zodiac_n pass_v be_v these_o march_v 21._o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr zodiac_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n ♈_o ♉_o ♊_o aries_n taurus_n gemini_fw-la june_n 21._o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ♋_o ♌_o â™_o cancer_n leo_n virgo_fw-la september_n 21._o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ♎_o â™_o â™_o libra_n scorpius_n sagitarius_n december_n 21._o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ♑_o â™’_o ♓_o capricorn_n aquarius_n pisces_fw-la moreover_o the_o ecliptic_a oblique_o cut_v the_o aequator_fw-la ecliptic_a ecliptic_a so_o that_o its_o great_a distance_n be_v twenty_o three_o degree_n and_o about_o thirty_o minute_n where_o therefore_o the_o ecliptic_a cut_v the_o aequator_fw-la which_o he_o do_v in_o two_o point_n in_o one_o of_o these_o be_v place_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o also_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o account_v of_o the_o sigus_fw-la in_o those_o point_v the_o sun_n then_o be_v in_o cause_v the_o equality_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n in_o all_o place_n as_o also_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o vernal_a and_o autumnal_a quarter_n we_o begin_v to_o number_v from_o that_o point_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n make_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n to_o we_o that_o be_v we_o be_v situate_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_a the_o first_o sign_n or_o first_o twelve_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v term_v aries_n the_o second_o taurus_n the_o three_o gemini_fw-la and_o so_o forth_o as_o aforesaid_a because_o about_o twenty_o age_n past_a those_o sign_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v in_o these_o very_a part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a every_o one_o of_o these_o twelve_o sign_n be_v divide_v into_o thirty_o degree_n for_o the_o whole_a ecliptic_a have_v three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o degree_n which_o be_v divide_v by_o 12_o make_v 30._o moreover_o see_v that_o the_o sun_n pass_v over_o the_o whole_a ecliptic_a that_o be_v 360_o degree_n in_o 365_o day_n and_o one_o four_o part_n of_o a_o day_n hence_o we_o collect_v that_o in_o every_o day_n he_o pass_v 59_o minute_n and_o 8_o second_o which_o be_v something_o less_o than_o a_o degree_n sun_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n now_o as_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o year_n time_n or_o 12_o month_n run_v over_o the_o whole_a ecliptic_a or_o 12_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n so_o also_o in_o every_o month_n he_o pass_v about_o one_o sign_n but_o his_o entrance_n into_o the_o sign_n be_v not_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o month_n but_o on_o the_o 21th_o day_n of_o every_o month_n and_o this_o be_v according_a to_o the_o gregorian_a calendar_n and_o on_o the_o 11_o day_n of_o every_o month_n according_a to_o the_o old_a julian_n account_n viz._n on_o the_o 21th_o of_o march_n he_o enter_v the_o sign_n of_o aries_n or_o the_o very_a section_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a with_o the_o aequator_fw-la then_o on_o the_o 21th_o of_o april_n he_o enter_v taurus_n and_o so_o on_o now_o
shall_v be_v place_v on_o the_o meridian_n line_n of_o the_o plain_a and_o so_o the_o map_n shall_v have_v its_o require_a situation_n proposition_n ix_o to_o find_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o heaven_n or_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o any_o place_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o star_n star_n to_o find_v the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n above_o the_o horizon_n by_o the_o star_n although_o the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n exist_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n its_o distance_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la yet_o it_o can_v be_v find_v without_o the_o star_n the_o mode_n of_o find_v the_o same_o be_v various_a first_o let_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n be_v observe_v when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o meridian_n line_n and_o let_v its_o compliment_n or_o distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o sun_n be_v take_v for_o this_o take_v away_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n that_o be_v if_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o the_o zodiac_n but_o let_v it_o be_v add_v if_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o southern_a the_o residue_n shall_v be_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n but_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o be_v his_o distance_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n be_v find_v from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o from_o a_o table_n of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o from_o the_o globe_n for_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v note_v in_o the_o globe_n at_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n and_o bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n the_o degree_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v intercept_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n exhibit_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o day_n give_v second_o the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o globe_n the_o latitude_n shall_v thus_o be_v find_v let_v the_o plaga_fw-la or_o part_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v be_v observe_v which_o mariner_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v by_o their_o compass_n but_o the_o true_a meridian_n line_n be_v require_v to_o this_o let_v the_o same_o plaga_fw-la or_o degree_n be_v mark_v in_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n of_o the_o globe_n let_v the_o place_n also_o of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a for_o the_o day_n of_o the_o observation_n be_v note_v then_o let_v the_o brazen_a meridian_n in_o the_o crena_n of_o the_o horizon_n be_v turn_v thereunto_o the_o pole_n be_v more_o or_o less_o elevate_v until_o the_o note_a place_n of_o the_o sun_n meet_v with_o the_o note_a place_n of_o the_o horizon_n so_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o globe_n shall_v be_v the_o same_o which_o the_o place_n have_v where_o the_o observation_n be_v make_v the_o solution_n will_v be_v more_o easy_a by_o calculation_n but_o by_o reason_n very_o few_o student_n of_o geography_n understand_v the_o solution_n of_o spherical_a triangle_n therefore_o i_o omit_v the_o same_o which_o shall_v also_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o follow_a problem_n note_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o aequinox_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o aries_n or_o libra_n than_o this_o method_n have_v no_o use_n because_o that_o then_o the_o sun_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plaga_fw-la or_o part_n rise_v and_o set_v to_o all_o place_n viz._n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o true_a east_n or_o west_n or_o in_o the_o plaga_fw-la of_o the_o aequinoctial_a rise_n or_o set_v three_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v at_o noon_n let_v the_o style_n or_o pin_v a_o b_o be_v perpendicular_o erect_v on_o a_o horizontal_n plain_a scheme_n see_v scheme_n and_o let_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o shadow_n a_o c_o and_o the_o style_n a_o b_o be_v take_v in_o some_o divide_a line_n therefore_o in_o the_o right_a angle_a triangle_n a_o b_o c_o shall_v be_v both_o the_o note_a side_n a_o b_o a_o c_o whence_o the_o angle_n a_o b_o c_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la viz._n if_o that_o it_o may_v be_v that_o as_o a_o b_o have_v its_o self_n to_o a_o c_o so_o the_o whole_a sign_n have_v itself_o to_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n a_o b_o c_o from_o thence_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n shall_v be_v find_v as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o first_o mode_n but_o if_o the_o observation_n be_v make_v on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o aequinox_n than_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la be_v find_v the_o same_o be_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n carthage_n the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n at_o rome_n and_o carthage_n so_o pliny_n write_v in_o the_o 72_o chap._n of_o his_o second_o book_n that_o in_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n the_o nine_o part_n of_o the_o gnomon_n or_o pin_n be_v want_v unto_o the_o shadow_n whence_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o 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all_o the_o place_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o mark_v point_n be_v those_o which_o be_v seek_v for_o in_o map_n let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v mark_v and_o through_o it_o let_v a_o right_a parallel_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v draw_v or_o otherwise_o a_o crooked_a as_o the_o table_n shall_v either_o consist_v of_o strait_a or_o crooked_a line_n so_o all_o the_o place_n of_o this_o parallel_n shall_v be_v those_o demand_v but_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o hemisphere_n of_o the_o map_n by_o the_o table_n of_o the_o declination_n deliver_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n the_o latitude_n of_o those_o place_n may_v be_v find_v proposition_n x._o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v give_v to_o find_v those_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n viz._n his_o centre_n do_v not_o set_v so_o that_o this_o day_n may_v be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o those_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o set_v in_o those_o place_n and_o to_o find_v those_o place_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o arise_v with_o the_o same_o condition_n arise_v the_o day_n of_o theyear_n be_v give_v to_o find_v those_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o set_v nor_o arise_v the_o day_n must_v be_v one_o of_o those_o which_o fall_v between_o the_o 21th_o of_o march_n and_o the_o 21th_o of_o june_n or_o the_o 21th_o of_o september_n and_o the_o 21th_o of_o december_n first_o of_o all_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a at_o the_o day_n give_v be_v find_v than_o the_o rest_n will_v follow_v so_o in_o the_o globe_n let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o how_o many_o degree_n be_v intercept_v between_o that_o and_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o meridian_n let_v so_o many_o be_v number_v from_o the_o pole_n towards_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o how_o many_o degree_n be_v between_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o pole_n let_v so_o many_o be_v number_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n let_v the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n be_v note_v with_o a_o chalk_n or_o let_v a_o parallel_n be_v draw_v to_o it_o all_o the_o place_n seat_v in_o this_o parallel_n satisfy_v the_o first_o demand_n but_o those_o place_n which_o be_v seek_v for_o in_o the_o second_o place_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o parallel_n equal_o distant_a from_o the_o other_o pole_n in_o map_n let_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n note_v be_v number_v from_o the_o pole_n towards_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o lateral_a line_n and_o let_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v draw_v through_o the_o term._n all_o the_o place_n lie_v in_o this_o parallel_n
parallel_n long_a day_n elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n the_o interval_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr hour_n min._n deg_fw-la min._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o first_o the_o begin_n middle_a end_n &_o begin_n of_o the_o 2._o 12_o 0_o 0_o 0_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 12_o 15_o 4_o 15_o 0_o 1_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 12_o 30_o 8_o 25_o 8_o 25_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 12_o 45_o 12_o 30_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o second_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 13_o 0_o 16_o 25_o 8_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 13_o 15_o 20_o 15_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o three_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 13_o 30_o 23_o 50_o 7_o 25_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 13_o 45_o 27_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o four_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 14_o 0_o 30_o 20_o 6_o 30_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 14_o 15_o 33_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o five_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 14_o 30_o 36_o 28_o 6_o 8_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 14_o 45_o 39_o 2_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o six_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 15_o 0_o 41_o 22_o 4_o 52_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 15_o 15_o 43_o 32_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o seven_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 15_o 30_o 45_o 29_o 4_o 7_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 15_o 45_o 47_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o eighth_z the_o middle_a the_o end_n 16_o 0_o 49_o 1_o 3_o 31_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 16_o 15_o 50_o 33_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o nine_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 16_o 30_o 51_o 58_o 2_o 7_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 16_o 45_o 53_o 17_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o ten_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 17_o 0_o 54_o 27_o 2_o 49_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 17_o 15_o 55_o 34_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o eleven_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 17_o 30_o 56_o 37_o 2_o 10_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 17_o 45_o 57_o 32_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o twelve_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 18_o 0_o 58_o 29_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 18_o 15_o 59_o 14_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o thirteen_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 18_o 30_o 59_o 58_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 18_o 45_o 60_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o fourteen_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 19_o 0_o 61_o 18_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 19_o 15_o 61_o 55_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o fifteen_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 19_o 30_o 62_o 25_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 19_o 45_o 62_o 54_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o sixteenth_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 20_o 0_o 63_o 22_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 20_o 15_o 64_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o seventeen_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 20_o 30_o 64_o 6_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 20_o 45_o 64_o 30_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o eighteen_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 21_o 0_o 65_o 49_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 21_o 15_o 65_o 6_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o nineteenth_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 21_o 30_o 65_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 21_o 45_o 65_o 35_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o twenty_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 22_o 0_o 65_o 47_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 22_o 15_o 66_o 57_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o 21_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 22_o 30_o 66_o 6_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 22_o 45_o 66_o 14_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o 22d_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 23_o 0_o 66_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 23_o 15_o 66_o 25_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o 23d_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 23_o 30_o 66_o 28_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 23_o 45_o 66_o 30_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o 24_o the_o middle_a the_o end_n 24_o 0_o 66_o 31_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o climate_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v extend_v no_o further_o because_o that_o in_o the_o follow_a place_n the_o long_a day_n do_v not_o increase_v by_o hour_n but_o by_o whole_a day_n or_o diurnal_a revolution_n and_o it_o be_v lose_v labour_n to_o compute_v they_o notwithstanding_o the_o follow_a canon_n will_v show_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n or_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o long_a day_n increase_v by_o whole_a month_n month_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n deg_fw-la min._n deg_fw-la min._n deg_fw-la min._n deg_fw-la min._n deg_fw-la min._n deg_fw-la min._n  _fw-fr 67_o 20_o 69_o 30_o 73_o 20_o 78_o 20_o 84_o 0_o 90_o 0_o proposition_n fourteen_o to_o explain_v the_o method_n of_o other_o geographer_n in_o reckon_n of_o the_o climate_n and_o make_v the_o table_n of_o the_o climate_n geographer_n the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o climate_n by_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n the_o ancient_a geographer_n especial_o the_o grecian_n who_o suppose_v only_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v inhabit_v because_o that_o as_o well_o the_o place_n northern_o as_o those_o of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n they_o deny_v as_o impossible_a to_o be_v inhabit_v therefore_o they_o divide_v only_o that_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o they_o know_v into_o climate_n and_o so_o only_o number_v seven_o climate_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_a and_o name_v they_o from_o some_o note_a place_n through_o which_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o climate_n pass_v viz._n the_o first_o climate_n they_o call_v the_o climate_n through_o meroe_n which_o be_v a_o island_n and_o city_n in_o africa_n encompass_v by_o the_o nile_n the_o second_o through_o syene_n a_o city_n of_o egypt_n the_o three_o through_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n the_o four_o through_o the_o island_n of_o rhodes_n the_o five_o through_o the_o hellespont_n other_o through_o rome_n the_o six_o through_o borysthenes_n a_o famous_a river_n of_o the_o european_a sarmatia_n the_o seven_o through_o the_o riphaean_a mountain_n of_o sarmatia_n the_o ancient_n number_v not_o the_o other_o climate_n from_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o south_n because_o all_o those_o place_n be_v unknown_a to_o they_o and_o many_o thought_n that_o the_o sea_n possess_v all_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o see_v it_o seem_v somewhat_o improbable_a to_o the_o latter_a these_o also_o number_v the_o climate_n from_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o they_o name_v they_o not_o from_o any_o note_a place_n for_o they_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o any_o but_o by_o the_o same_o appellation_n with_o those_o of_o the_o northern_a only_o prepose_v the_o preposition_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o the_o climate_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o if_o you_o shall_v say_v the_o climate_n opposite_a to_o the_o climate_n through_o meroe_n or_o syene_n etc._n etc._n ancient_n other_o climate_n add_v by_o the_o ancient_n but_o when_o through_o progress_n of_o time_n they_o discover_v many_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n lie_v towards_o the_o south_n pole_n to_o be_v inhabit_v many_o more_o climate_n be_v number_v and_o constitute_v some_o name_v the_o eight_o clime_n from_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n the_o nine_o from_o the_o baltic_a sea_n the_o ten_o the_o eleven_o and_o the_o rest_n from_o other_o place_n which_o denomination_n although_o not_o necessary_a for_o the_o construction_n of_o a_o table_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v add_v unto_o our_o table_n in_o those_o areae_fw-la where_o we_o have_v place_v the_o number_n of_o the_o climate_n for_o so_o the_o climate_n will_v stick_v close_o in_o our_o memory_n as_o also_o the_o place_n in_o every_o climate_n and_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o better_a comparison_n between_o the_o difference_n of_o cold_a and_o heat_n but_o this_o be_v better_a to_o leave_v to_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o to_o those_o that_o be_v studious_a than_o to_o add_v it_o to_o it_o that_o so_o we_o may_v afford_v they_o a_o great_a occasion_n of_o contemplate_v the_o terrestrial_a globe_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n may_v more_o easy_o commit_v they_o to_o memory_n climate_n where_o the_o ancient_n begin_v the_o climate_n you_o must_v also_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o ancient_n do_v not_o begin_v the_o numeration_n of_o the_o climate_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la itself_o as_o our_o table_n do_v but_o from_o the_o place_n or_o parallel_n where_o the_o long_a day_n consist_v of_o 12¾_n hour_n and_o therefore_o their_o first_o climate_n be_v the_o second_o in_o our_o table_n their_o second_o our_o three_o and_o so_o on_o for_o they_o suppose_v those_o place_n which_o we_o ascribe_v to_o the_o first_o climate_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v inhabit_v by_o man_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o excessive_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n latitude_n the_o first_o climate_n of_o 9_o degree_n of_o latitude_n that_o therefore_o they_o judge_v it_o not_o meet_v to_o reckon_v those_o place_n but_o see_v that_o experience_n have_v demonstrate_v the_o contrary_a we_o will_v observe_v their_o mode_n of_o name_v and_o constitute_v of_o those_o climate_n ptolemy_n begin_v the_o first_o climate_n from_o the_o parallel_n where_o the_o long_a day_n be_v 12¼_n hour_n or_o where_o the_o latitude_n or_o distance_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v four_o degree_n 15_o minute_n the_o matter_n be_v of_o no_o
great_a concernment_n yet_o it_o be_v better_a to_o begin_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la that_o all_o the_o place_n may_v lie_v in_o some_o climate_n proposition_n xv._o to_o show_v the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n of_o the_o climate_n 1._o the_o latitude_n of_o some_o place_n or_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v give_v to_o know_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o long_a day_n in_o that_o place_n and_o the_o climate_n in_o which_o it_o lie_v let_v the_o give_v elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v seek_v in_o the_o table_n and_o on_o the_o opposite_a region_n we_o shall_v find_v both_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o long_a day_n as_o also_o the_o climate_n and_o the_o parallel_n if_o that_o the_o give_v elevation_n can_v be_v find_v in_o the_o table_n then_o take_v that_o elevation_n which_o be_v less_o near_o or_o the_o like_a which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o table_n climate_n from_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o long_a day_n of_o any_o place_n to_o know_v the_o latude_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o parallel_n and_o climate_n 2._o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o long_a day_n of_o any_o place_n be_v give_v which_o any_o person_n have_v observe_v or_o receive_v by_o relation_n to_o know_v from_o thence_o the_o latitude_n of_o that_o place_n the_o parallel_n and_o the_o climate_n in_o which_o that_o place_n lie_v enter_v the_o table_n with_o the_o latitude_n give_v and_o you_o shall_v see_v on_o the_o opposite_a region_n both_o the_o latitude_n and_o the_o place_n demand_v as_o also_o the_o climate_n and_o parallel_n 3._o a_o climate_n be_v give_v to_o determine_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o long_a day_n and_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n this_o be_v facile_a from_o the_o very_a sight_n of_o the_o table_n chap._n xxvi_o of_o the_o light_n heatt_z cold_a rains_n in_o the_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o zone_n and_o other_o property_n of_o the_o zone_n proposition_n i._o these_o cause_n be_v efficacious_a to_o generate_v and_o procure_v light_a heatt_z cold_a and_o rain_n with_o other_o meteor_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la air._n heat_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o heat_n 1._o the_o more_o or_o less_o or_o no_o obliquity_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o or_o emit_v on_o any_o place_n for_o the_o ray_n fall_v perpendicular_a on_o any_o place_n cause_n great_a heat_n and_o the_o other_o ray_n slide_v oblique_o have_v for_o that_o very_a reason_n a_o less_o power_n of_o heat_n by_o how_o much_o the_o obliquity_n of_o they_o be_v the_o great_a that_o be_v by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o they_o decline_v from_o the_o perpendicular_a ray._n 2._o the_o diurnal_a stay_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n for_o the_o same_o heat_n make_v more_o hot_a and_o change_v the_o air_n in_o a_o long_a time_n than_o in_o a_o short_a 3._o the_o depression_n of_o the_o sun_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n be_v more_o or_o less_o in_o the_o night_n season_n for_o this_o difference_n of_o 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may_v credit_v astronomer_n 6._o the_o propriety_n or_o species_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o every_o place_n for_o where_o the_o earth_n be_v more_o stony_a and_o rocky_a there_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v more_o cold_a than_o where_o it_o be_v sulphureous_a and_o fat_a and_o here_o again_o it_o be_v more_o fertile_a where_o there_o be_v much_o sand_n and_o no_o river_n there_o be_v great_a heat_n lake_n fume_n and_o mist_n proceed_v from_o lake_n 7._o lake_n or_o the_o sea_n adjacent_a from_o thence_o also_o fume_n and_o mist_n be_v raise_v more_o moist_a and_o frequent_a in_o the_o air_n and_o the_o ray_n be_v less_o powerful_o reflect_v from_o the_o sea_n than_o from_o the_o earth_n 8._o the_o situation_n of_o place_n for_o the_o sun_n act_v otherwise_o on_o mountain_n and_o mountainous_a place_n than_o on_o valley_n and_o plain_n moreover_o mountain_n hinder_v the_o free_a access_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o subject_a place_n for_o to_o they_o the_o vapour_n 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many_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n in_o light_n and_o heat_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v observe_v in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o also_o in_o the_o same_o place_n but_o yet_o in_o a_o different_a time_n or_o season_n proposition_n ii_o how_o be_v the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n spring_n summer_n autumn_n and_o winter_n to_o be_v define_v year_n the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n although_o in_o science_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o contend_v and_o dispute_v concern_v definition_n yet_o because_o certain_a homonyme_n or_o likeness_n do_v here_o occur_v without_o the_o explication_n of_o which_o there_o will_v arise_v much_o confusion_n in_o the_o follow_a doctrine_n therefore_o i_o will_v so_o propose_v this_o question_n that_o you_o may_v the_o more_o cautious_o avoid_v this_o homonyme_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v deceive_v and_o entangle_v by_o the_o same_o the_o question_n comprehend_v two_o difficulty_n first_o whether_o these_o season_n ought_v to_o be_v define_v from_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o his_o stay_n in_o certain_a sing_v of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o zodiac_n astrologer_n according_a to_o astronomer_n and_o astrologer_n for_o so_o astronomer_n and_o astrologer_n common_o do_v say_v that_o that_o be_v the_o spring_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n to_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n that_o be_v summer_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o of_o cancer_n to_o the_o first_o of_o libra_n that_o be_v autumn_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o of_o libra_n to_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n and_o that_o be_v winter_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n to_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n now_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o these_o definition_n be_v not_o general_a and_o agreeable_a to_o all_o place_n because_o they_o be_v only_o of_o force_n in_o the_o northern_a place_n situate_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o 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autumn_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o winter_n in_o those_o place_n be_v when_o the_o sun_n obtain_v the_o great_a distance_n that_o possible_o he_o can_v from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o those_o place_n as_o it_o be_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o definition_n and_o it_o be_v true_a concern_v all_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a northern_a zone_n that_o the_o sun_n enter_v into_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n acquire_v the_o great_a distance_n in_o the_o meridies_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o those_o place_n because_o that_o in_o all_o the_o other_o day_n he_o be_v more_o near_o to_o those_o place_n therefore_o the_o sun_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o winter_n happen_v to_o all_o those_o place_n and_o also_o the_o end_n of_o autumn_n which_o be_v the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o proposition_n the_o other_o part_n be_v also_o easy_o prove_v for_o if_o these_o place_n be_v of_o a_o diverse_a latitude_n than_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o vertical_a in_o the_o meridies_n to_o those_o place_n in_o the_o same_o day_n but_o in_o diverse_a for_o than_o be_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o summer_n of_o any_o place_n of_o this_o torrid_a zone_n when_o the_o sun_n by_o his_o ascent_n from_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n come_v to_o that_o degree_n of_o the_o northern_a ecliptic_a that_o he_o be_v vertical_a to_o that_o place_n so_o that_o in_o divers_a day_n the_o beginning_n of_o summer_n may_v be_v in_o those_o divers_a place_n yet_o in_o all_o those_o place_n its_o beginning_n fall_v between_o the_o 21_o of_o march_n and_o the_o 21_o of_o june_n the_o summer_n shall_v also_o end_v in_o different_a day_n and_o the_o autumn_n begin_v because_o the_o sun_n in_o divers_a day_n come_v to_o his_o mean_a distance_n or_o to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o have_v a_o moderate_a distance_n from_o those_o place_n because_o these_o point_n be_v different_o seat_v between_o the_o first_o of_o libra_n 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because_o the_o sun_n recede_v from_o the_o vertices_fw-la of_o those_o place_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o 8_o degree_n of_o the_o boreal_a or_o northern_a latitude_n where_o it_o make_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o summer_n and_o go_v forward_o towards_o the_o beginning_n of_o cancer_n it_o acquire_v here_o a_o a_o moderate_a distance_n when_o it_o return_v from_o the_o vertices_fw-la towards_o those_o vertices_fw-la it_o shall_v not_o make_v autumn_n after_o that_o first_o summer_n but_o another_o spring_n see_v that_o it_o make_v the_o first_o before_o it_o begin_v the_o first_o summer_n where_o it_o obtain_v a_o mean_a distance_n between_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n and_o the_o first_o of_o aries_n for_o example_n let_v we_o take_v a_o place_n which_o be_v four_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la because_o therefore_o also_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ten_o degree_n of_o aries_n decline_v and_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la 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to_o the_o ten_o of_o aries_n where_o he_o shall_v become_v vertical_a to_o the_o place_n and_o that_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o summer_n when_o the_o sun_n by_o his_o motion_n have_v depart_v from_o the_o place_n to_o the_o three_o of_o gemini_fw-la again_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o moderate_a distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o place_n in_o the_o meridies_n viz._n 13_o degree_n 45_o minute_n and_o then_o shall_v that_o summer_n have_v a_o end_n and_o the_o spring_n begin_v not_o the_o autumn_n because_o that_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o tend_v to_o the_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la from_o the_o three_o of_o gemini_fw-la but_o return_v to_o the_o least_o viz._n whilst_o he_o move_v through_o cancer_n and_o leo_n he_o come_v to_o the_o twenty_o of_o virgo_fw-la for_o then_o again_o he_o become_v vertical_a to_o the_o
place_n assume_v and_o make_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o new_a summer_n which_o continue_v until_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o the_o five_o and_o twenty_o of_o libra_n for_o then_o again_o he_o obtain_v a_o middle_a distance_n and_o tend_v to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n viz._n the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n therefore_o than_o he_o shall_v make_v the_o beginning_n of_o autumn_n and_o in_o the_o first_o of_o capricorn_n the_o beginning_n of_o winter_n so_o then_o we_o have_v show_v how_o such_o a_o place_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o eight_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n may_v have_v two_o summer_n two_o spring_n one_o autumn_n and_o one_o winter_n which_o by_o the_o same_o mode_n may_v be_v show_v concern_v the_o place_n lie_v between_o eight_o degree_n of_o latitude_n from_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la but_o in_o place_n situate_a eight_o degree_n beyond_o towards_o the_o tropic_n this_o 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february_n in_o congo_n here_o therefore_o the_o terrestrial_a season_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o celestial_a because_o that_o in_o january_n and_o february_n the_o sun_n be_v not_o most_o remote_a from_o those_o place_n and_o therefore_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v rain_n but_o rather_o siccity_n without_o doubt_v the_o cause_n be_v either_o from_o another_o situation_n of_o the_o mountain_n another_o fix_a wind_n or_o the_o like_a 6._o the_o island_n of_o st._n thomas_n thomas_n see_v the_o description_n of_o st._n thomas_n and_o anobon_n be_v very_o abundant_a in_o sugar_n grain_n fruit_n and_o meat_n and_o great_a plenty_n of_o orange_n etc._n etc._n 7._o how_o the_o season_n be_v in_o the_o other_o region_n of_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o africa_n from_o lowango_n to_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o one_o 8._o therefore_o that_o shore_n be_v leave_v and_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a be_v sail_v about_o 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chalure_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o river_n the_o adjacent_a sea_n and_o general_a eastern_o wind_n much_o allay_v the_o heat_n 9_o the_o other_o region_n of_o the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o africa_n lie_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n and_o hence_o to_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o say_a gulf_n even_o to_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n these_o region_n i_o say_v what_o season_v they_o have_v and_o in_o what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v observe_v by_o any_o but_o that_o some_o write_v that_o this_o tract_n be_v barren_a sandy_a oppress_v with_o such_o a_o violent_a heat_n and_o destitute_a of_o river_n 10._o as_o to_o the_o season_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o africa_n which_o be_v the_o region_n of_o the_o abyssine_n which_o be_v cut_v almost_o in_o the_o middle_n by_o the_o aequator_fw-la so_o that_o it_o have_v some_o province_n in_o the_o southern_a torrid_a zone_n and_o very_o many_o in_o the_o northern_a torrid_a zone_n 11._o now_o leave_v africa_n we_o enter_v the_o region_n of_o asia_n lie_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n where_o first_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o region_n of_o arabia_n adjacent_a to_o the_o red_a sea_n from_o mecca_n to_o aden_n 12_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n which_o regard_n the_o west_n day_n the_o merchant_n at_o aden_n negoriate_v their_o affair_n in_o the_o night_n season_n by_o reason_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o day_n on_o the_o east_n they_o have_v the_o arabian_a mountain_n these_o region_n be_v exceed_o infest_a with_o heat_n in_o march_n and_o april_n and_o more_o in_o the_o follow_a month_n whilst_o the_o sun_n approach_v to_o their_o vertex_fw-la and_o about_o it_o it_o remain_v may_n june_n july_n and_o august_n the_o chalure_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n especial_o the_o better_a sort_n cause_n water_n to_o be_v pour_v on_o their_o body_n all_o the_o day_n long_o or_o else_o lie_v in_o vessel_n of_o water_n to_o refresh_v they_o i_o suppose_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o watery_a vapour_n because_o on_o the_o oriental_a part_n the_o region_n be_v rocky_a and_o have_v but_o few_o river_n now_o the_o oriental_a wind_n which_o be_v general_a although_o it_o be_v not_o there_o perceive_v repell_v the_o vapour_n rise_v from_o the_o red_a sea_n likewise_o the_o abundance_n of_o sand_n which_o retain_v the_o heat_n receive_v in_o the_o night_n and_o communicate_v it_o to_o the_o air._n therefore_o this_o time_n of_o the_o summer_n and_o winter_n agree_v with_o the_o celestial_a course_n 12._o the_o same_o be_v the_o case_n of_o all_o arabia_n and_o its_o eastern_a coast_n 13._o in_o camboja_n in_o india_n lie_v under_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n as_o also_o in_o the_o region_n of_o malabar_n or_o the_o eastern_a coast_n of_o the_o indies_n which_o regard_v the_o west_n and_o extend_v themselves_o from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o south_n to_o the_o eight_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n i_o say_v these_o region_n the_o winter_n or_o rainy_a season_n possess_v the_o month_n of_o june_n july_n august_n and_o september_n but_o especial_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o june_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n neither_o in_o all_o these_o place_n do_v it_o rain_n in_o a_o equal_a time_n but_o more_o continual_o in_o the_o province_n of_o goana_n and_o cocina_n and_o less_o in_o camboja_n where_o it_o only_o rain_v three_o month_n in_o the_o other_o eight_o month_n it_o seldom_o rain_v in_o camboja_n but_o in_o goa_n in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n and_o may_v it_o rain_v but_o less_o vehement_a and_o beginning_n with_o thunder_n and_o storm_n so_o that_o to_o autumn_n here_o may_v be_v ascribe_v half_o the_o month_n of_o march_n also_o april_n and_o may_v to_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n then_o from_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n july_n and_o august_n to_o winter_n likewise_o from_o the_o 15_o of_o september_n to_o december_n the_o spring_n the_o other_o month_n from_o the_o 15_o of_o december_n to_o the_o 15_o of_o march_n to_o summer_n fall_v the_o winter_n be_v not_o so_o call_v from_o the_o cold_a as_o with_o we_o but_o from_o the_o rain_n which_o then_o fall_v for_o in_o these_o month_n be_v great_a drought_n because_o that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o former_a rain_n be_v extract_v by_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o earth_n yet_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v not_o number_v four_o season_n but_o only_o two_o summer_n and_o winter_n or_o rather_o a_o dry_a and_o a_o rainy_a season_n beside_o these_o rain_n there_o be_v frequent_a storm_n on_o the_o coast_n and_o also_o thunder_v in_o those_o rainy_a month_n so_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v then_o shut_v up_o and_o many_o river_n then_o overflow_v the_o sea_n be_v open_a again_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n and_o then_o ship_n put_v forth_o to_o sea_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n into_o various_a part_n of_o the_o world_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o violent_a rain_n in_o these_o place_n in_o the_o field_n except_o some_o storm_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o cease_v for_o many_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n therefore_o it_o afford_v the_o inhabitant_n a_o time_n of_o plant_v and_o sow_v which_o they_o do_v in_o these_o watery_a month_n the_o air_n also_o be_v of_o a_o moderate_a heat_n at_o that_o time_n because_o the_o sun_n be_v obstruct_v with_o cloud_n so_o that_o the_o remote_a inhabitant_n expatiate_v from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o hill_n and_o field_n for_o recreation_n where_o the_o inundation_n be_v not_o great_a and_o incredible_a fertility_n be_v acquire_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o this_o rain_n but_o if_o these_o rain_n fall_v not_o on_o the_o year_n as_o in_o anno_fw-la 1630._o which_o seldom_o happen_v than_o all_o hope_n of_o sow_v and_o consequent_o harvest_n be_v take_v away_o thence_o come_v scarcity_n of_o corn_n a_o hot_a sultery_n air_n burn_v fever_n pestilence_n and_o death_n of_o thousand_o of_o people_n in_o the_o say_a year_n 1630_o 1630._o a_o great_a famine_n in_o camboja_n in_o 1630._o and_o the_o year_n follow_v man_n flesh_n be_v public_o sell_v in_o the_o shambles_n in_o camboja_n sometime_o the_o shore_n do_v so_o rage_v that_o the_o house_n which_o be_v but_o slight_o build_v fall_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o river_n they_o sow_v in_o may_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o june_n and_o reap_v in_o november_n and_o december_n it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o guiny_n this_o summer_n and_o this_o winter_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o celestial_a course_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o august_n the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a to_o those_o place_n or_o very_o near_o the_o vertex_fw-la therefore_o they_o must_v have_v heat_n and_o drought_n this_o be_v the_o great_a felicity_n of_o those_o place_n
above_o almost_o make_v up_o and_o moderate_v they_o to_o wit_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o northern_a temperate_a zone_n it_o be_v spring_n and_o summer_n the_o sun_n go_v from_o aries_n by_o cancer_n to_o libra_n because_o than_o he_o be_v more_o near_o they_o then_o the_o sun_n go_v from_o libra_n through_o capricorn_n to_o aries_n it_o be_v autumn_n and_o winter_n but_o in_o the_o southern_a temperate_a zone_n the_o matter_n be_v contrary_a neither_o can_v those_o other_o cause_n altogether_o disable_v the_o force_n of_o this_o first_o and_o induce_v a_o new_a course_n of_o the_o season_n and_o be_v able_a to_o alter_v the_o time_n as_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n 2._o yet_o those_o season_n of_o divers_a place_n vary_v so_o that_o in_o one_o place_n there_o may_v be_v more_o heat_n or_o cold_a or_o rain_v than_o in_o another_o although_o the_o place_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o climate_n but_o yet_o they_o cause_v not_o the_o winter_n to_o be_v change_v into_o summer_n or_o summer_n into_o winter_n a_o rocky_a marshish_n and_o maritime_a land_n find_v somewhat_o another_o degree_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a than_o valley_n or_o a_o chalk_n and_o maritime_a land_n 3._o the_o place_n in_o the_o tropic_n for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o summer_n have_v a_o excessive_a heat_n other_o a_o pluvial_a season_n so_o that_o they_o almost_o approach_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o guzarat_n lie_v without_o the_o tropic_a at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o wet_a and_o dry_a month_n be_v observe_v which_o in_o the_o part_n lie_v beyond_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o summer_n be_v change_v into_o a_o pluvial_a season_n yet_o then_o there_o be_v great_a heat_n than_o the_o dry_a part_n of_o the_o year_n where_o they_o have_v a_o moderate_a cold_a and_o in_o truth_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n we_o judge_v the_o summer_n and_o winter_n not_o from_o the_o drought_n and_o rain_n but_o from_o the_o heat_n and_o cold_a now_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o persia_n and_o ormus_n there_o be_v so_o great_a heat_n without_o rain_n in_o the_o summer_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o sun_n rhat_o both_o the_o man_n and_o their_o wife_n lie_v in_o cistern_n full_a of_o water_n the_o like_a heat_n be_v in_o arabia_n barbary_n the_o region_n of_o africa_n on_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v call_v the_o coast_n of_o barbary_n throughout_o all_o barbary_n the_o middle_a of_o october_n be_v past_a shower_n and_o cold_n begin_v to_o increase_v and_o in_o december_n and_o january_n the_o cold_a be_v perceive_v more_o intense_a and_o that_o only_a in_o the_o morning_n and_o withal_o so_o remiss_a that_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o desire_v february_n take_v away_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o cold_a from_o the_o winter_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v so_o inconstant_a that_o sometime_o 5_o or_o 6_o time_n in_o one_o day_n the_o air_n change_v in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n the_o north_n and_o west_n wind_n blow_v violent_o and_o cause_v whole_a tree_n to_o be_v vest_v with_o blossom_n april_n give_v form_n almost_o to_o all_o fruit_n so_o that_o the_o entrance_n of_o may_n and_o the_o end_n of_o april_n be_v wont_v natural_o to_o produce_v cherry_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o may_v they_o gather_v fig_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o june_n in_o some_o place_n be_v ripe_a grape_n barbary_n of_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n of_o barbary_n the_o fig_n or_o autumn_n be_v gather_v in_o august_n and_o there_o be_v no_o great_a plenty_n of_o fig_n and_o pear_n than_o in_o september_n there_o be_v not_o so_o great_a intempery_n of_o the_o year_n in_o those_o place_n but_o that_o the_o three_o month_n of_o the_o spring_n be_v always_o temperate_a the_o entrance_n of_o the_o spring_n that_o be_v the_o terrestrial_a not_o the_o celestial_a be_v as_o they_o reckon_v on_o the_o 15_o of_o february_n and_o the_o end_n the_o 18_o of_o may_n in_o all_o which_o time_n the_o air_n be_v most_o grateful_a to_o they_o if_o from_o the_o 25_o of_o april_n to_o the_o 5_o of_o may_v they_o have_v no_o rain_n they_o esteem_v the_o same_o as_o ominous_a they_o count_v their_o summer_n even_o to_o the_o 16_o of_o august_n at_o which_o time_n they_o have_v a_o very_a hot_a and_o serene_a air._n their_o autumn_n from_o the_o 17_o of_o august_n to_o the_o 16_o of_o november_n and_o they_o have_v that_o for_o two_o month_n to_o wit_n august_n and_o september_n yet_o not_o great_a that_o which_o be_v include_v between_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n and_o the_o 15_o of_o september_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v term_v by_o the_o ancient_n the_o furnace_n of_o the_o whole_a year_n and_o that_o because_o it_o produce_v fig_n pear_n and_o that_o kind_a of_o fruit_n to_o maturity_n from_o the_o 15_o of_o november_n they_o reckon_v their_o winter_n which_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o 14_o of_o february_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o they_o begin_v to_o till_o their_o land_n which_o be_v the_o plain_a but_o the_o mountainous_a in_o the_o month_n of_o october_n the_o african_n have_v a_o certain_a persuasion_n that_o the_o year_n have_v 40_o very_a hot_a day_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n so_o many_o cold_a arabian_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o arabian_n day_n which_o they_o say_v begin_v from_o the_o 12_o of_o december_n they_o begin_v the_o aequinox_n on_o the_o 16_o of_o march_n and_o on_o the_o 16_o of_o september_n their_o solstice_n on_o the_o 16_o of_o june_n and_o the_o 16_o of_o december_n the_o end_n of_o their_o autumn_n all_o their_o winter_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o their_o spring_n be_v full_a of_o violent_a wind_n accompanied_z with_o hail_o lightning_n and_o dreadful_a thunder_n neither_o be_v there_o want_v in_o many_o place_n of_o barbary_n a_o abundance_n of_o snow_n in_o mount_n atlas_n 7_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n they_o divide_v the_o year_n only_o into_o two_o part_n for_o from_o october_n even_o to_o april_n they_o have_v a_o continual_a winter_n and_o from_o april_n again_o to_o october_n they_o have_v summer_n in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o day_n in_o which_o the_o mountain_n top_n glitter_v with_o snow_n numidia_n the_o season_n of_o numidia_n in_o numidia_n the_o part_n of_o the_o year_n swift_o pass_v away_o for_o in_o may_v they_o reap_v their_o corn_n in_o october_n they_o gather_v their_o date_n but_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n to_o january_n a_o violent_a frost_n continue_v october_n abstain_v from_o rains_n all_o hope_n of_o sow_v be_v take_v from_o the_o husbandman_n the_o same_o happen_v if_o that_o april_n produce_v not_o pluvial_a water_n leo_fw-la astricanus_fw-la remember_v many_o mountain_n of_o snow_n in_o africa_n not_o far_o from_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n china_n of_o china_n the_o north_n part_n of_o china_n although_o no_o more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la than_o italy_n yet_o it_o have_v a_o cold_a more_o sharp_a for_o great_a river_n and_o lake_n be_v congeal_v up_o with_o frost_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v not_o yet_o sufficient_o know_v except_o we_o shall_v refer_v it_o to_o the_o snowy_a mountain_n of_o tartary_n not_o far_o remote_a to_o the_o avoid_n of_o which_o cold_a they_o abound_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o fox_n and_o scythilian_a rat_n england_n new_a england_n new_a england_n although_o it_o lie_v in_o 42_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n and_o therefore_o no_o more_o remove_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la than_o italy_n yet_o in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n when_o sir_n francis_n drake_n be_v there_o the_o air_n be_v so_o vehement_a cold_n that_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o sail_v back_o to_o the_o south_n for_o the_o mountain_n be_v then_o cover_v with_o snow_n the_o cause_n be_v the_o frigid_a temperature_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v stony_n egypt_n the_o season_n of_o egypt_n in_o egypt_n which_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n the_o spring_n and_o temperate_a season_n 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la_fw-fr valla_n imperial_a in_o the_o province_n of_o potosi_n they_o find_v so_o great_a a_o cold_a that_o for_o four_o mile_n circumference_n there_o grow_v nothing_o chili_n the_o season_n of_o chili_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o chili_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o 30_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n to_o 50_o degree_n the_o spring_n begin_v in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n soon_o than_o the_o celestial_a account_n admit_v and_o end_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n and_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n summer_n begin_v even_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o february_n from_o whence_o autumn_n lead_v on_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o may_n which_o the_o winter_n succede_v which_o be_v very_o violent_a and_o dispoil_v the_o tree_n of_o their_o blossom_n and_o scatter_v a_o deep_a snow_n with_o a_o vehement_a frost_n which_o yet_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o sun_n except_o which_o be_v very_o seldom_o that_o the_o sun_n appear_v not_o but_o the_o snow_n rare_o fall_v in_o the_o 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and_o asia_n lie_v under_o the_o same_o climate_n have_v far_o lesser_a winter_n the_o cause_n be_v because_o that_o japan_n consist_v of_o many_o island_n disjoin_v by_o a_o small_a euripus_n and_o that_o it_o also_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n summer_n america_n very_o hot_a in_o the_o summer_n in_o armenia_n and_o the_o adjoin_a place_n there_o be_v great_a heat_n in_o summer_n because_o it_o lie_v among_o mountain_n here_o and_o there_o mix_v with_o field_n hence_o the_o more_o rich_a in_o some_o place_n in_o summer_n remove_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o remain_v there_o for_o some_o month_n but_o the_o mean_a sort_n in_o the_o day_n time_n defend_v themselves_o in_o the_o mountain_n from_o the_o near_a and_o about_o eventide_n do_v descend_v to_o the_o low_a ground_n proposition_n xiii_o to_o declare_v how_o in_o place_n in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n have_v themselves_o with_o the_o light_n zone_n of_o the_o place_n in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n the_o cause_n of_o those_o season_n with_o the_o light_n propose_v in_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o chapter_n thus_o stand_v in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n 1._o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o some_o day_n or_o month_n as_o the_o place_n be_v either_o near_o or_o remote_a from_o the_o pole_n do_v not_o arise_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o for_o so_o many_o day_n set_v not_o 2._o in_o those_o day_n when_o he_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n he_o only_o illustrate_v those_o place_n with_o his_o oblique_a ray_n because_o he_o be_v not_o much_o elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n but_o move_v round_o it_o because_o those_o place_n be_v over_o much_o remove_v from_o the_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n 3._o the_o sun_n be_v not_o deep_o depress_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n yea_o in_o place_n near_o the_o polary_a circle_n or_o arctic_a pole_n although_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o arise_v yet_o part_n of_o his_o skirt_n arise_v and_o be_v behold_v for_o some_o day_n above_o the_o horizon_n before_o the_o centre_n itself_o arise_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o half_a sun_n possess_v 15_o minute_n in_o the_o heaven_n for_o example_n let_v we_o take_v those_o place_n who_o distance_n be_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la 67_o degree_n towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_a let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v according_a to_o this_o latitude_n and_o in_o the_o meridian_n crena_n of_o the_o horizon_n you_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a do_v not_o arise_v from_o the_o 19_o degree_n of_o sagittarius_fw-la to_o the_o 11_o of_o capricorn_n that_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o that_o arch_n do_v not_o arise_v for_o 24_o day_n viz._n from_o the_o 10_o of_o december_n to_o the_o four_o of_o january_n and_o yet_o part_v of_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o that_o whole_a time_n shall_v be_v above_o the_o horizon_n to_o wit_n on_o the_o 21_o of_o december_n the_o limbus_n glitter_v the_o horizon_n but_o on_o the_o 10_o of_o december_n as_o also_o on_o the_o first_o of_o january_n half_o the_o sun_n shall_v be_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o half_o beneath_o because_o the_o centre_n be_v then_o in_o the_o horizon_n but_o the_o whole_a sun_n shall_v be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n when_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v hold_v the_o 14_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n that_o be_v about_o the_o 4_o day_n of_o january_n also_o the_o whole_a shall_v afterward_o appear_v when_o his_o centre_n shall_v possess_v the_o 16_o degree_n of_o sagittarius_fw-la that_o be_v about_o the_o 7_o of_o december_n but_o in_o place_n where_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v 70_o or_o 75_o degree_n there_o this_o difference_n between_o the_o oriental_a limbus_n and_o the_o oriental_a centre_n be_v very_o little_a so_o that_o the_o limbus_n or_o skirt_n scarce_o anticipate_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n one_o day_n or_o half_o a_o day_n from_o this_o small_a of_o depression_n it_o follow_v also_o that_o they_o enjoy_v the_o light_n of_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la many_o hour_n before_o the_o rise_n and_o after_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o although_o the_o sun_n arise_v not_o yet_o in_o all_o or_o many_o of_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n they_o have_v light_n in_o the_o air._n there_o be_v also_o another_o cause_n 19_o see_v chap._n 19_o which_o make_v the_o sun_n first_o to_o be_v see_v before_o that_o he_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o not_o only_o the_o sun_n be_v see_v before_o he_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o before_o the_o ray_n can_v direct_o come_v from_o he_o to_o the_o eye_n but_o also_o that_o the_o light_n of_o the_o twilight_n soon_o illustrate_v
the_o air_n than_o it_o will_v do_v without_o this_o refraction_n we_o shall_v anon_o allege_v a_o example_n of_o the_o appearancy_n of_o the_o sun_n proceed_v from_o refraction_n 4._o the_o full_a moon_n and_o near_o the_o full_a remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o many_o day_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v depress_v beneath_o it_o viz._n for_o so_o many_o more_o day_n by_o how_o much_o that_o place_n be_v more_o near_o the_o pole_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o high_o elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n as_o to_o cause_v any_o warmness_n but_o the_o full_a moon_n in_o those_o month_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n remain_v above_o the_o horizon_n in_o a_o whole_a revolution_n the_o full_a moon_n be_v never_o above_o the_o horizon_n horizon_n the_o planet_n not_o always_o the_o same_o above_o horizon_n 5._o the_o fix_a star_n be_v almost_o the_o same_o always_o above_o the_o horizon_n but_o not_o the_o planet_n for_o saturn_n remain_v 15_o year_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n near_o the_o pole_n and_z 15_o beneath_o the_o same_o jupiter_n 6_o year_n beneath_o and_o 6_o above_o the_o same_o horizon_n mars_n 1_o year_n venus_n and_o mercury_n about_o half_a a_o year_n from_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v likely_a that_o there_o be_v great_a diversity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n and_o season_n in_o divers_a year_n 6._o the_o land_n in_o most_o place_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n be_v stony_a rocky_a and_o as_o hard_o as_o flint_n in_o few_o place_n chalky_a sulphureous_a and_o fat_a in_o these_o place_n there_o be_v a_o moderate_a fertility_n in_o the_o other_o a_o sterility_n 7._o those_o region_n be_v encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n but_o for_o the_o mediterranean_a we_o as_o yet_o have_v no_o certain_a account_n 8._o some_o of_o the_o region_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n have_v mountain_n of_o a_o moderate_a height_n but_o most_o want_v they_o run_v on_o a_o plain_a for_o a_o long_a space_n 9_o the_o cold_a wind_n there_o frequent_o blow_v from_o the_o polary_n plaga_fw-la seldom_o the_o east_n wind_n and_o least_o of_o all_o the_o west_n in_o the_o cold_a arctic_a plaga_fw-la the_o north_n wind_n rage_n in_o the_o antarctic_a the_o south_n 10._o cloud_n and_o rain_n frequent_o perplex_v these_o region_n from_o these_o cause_n it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o collect_v what_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o season_n in_o these_o region_n be_v for_o in_o the_o winter_n time_n when_o the_o sun_n rise_v not_o for_o whole_a day_n it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v but_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n thick_a cloud_n frost_n and_o cold_a must_v render_v the_o land_n uninhabitable_a they_o be_v not_o altogether_o deprive_v of_o light_n for_o that_o time_n for_o the_o moon_n be_v above_o the_o horizon_n for_o a_o long_a time_n give_v light_a and_o the_o twilight_n be_v daily_o afford_v from_o the_o sun_n to_o the_o vicine_fw-la horizon_n but_o the_o snow_n the_o stick_n close_o about_o the_o earth_n which_o can_v be_v discuss_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o therefore_o hinder_v the_o aspect_n of_o remote_a thing_n there_o be_v no_o fertility_n but_o all_o barren_a and_o uncultivated_a for_o that_o which_o some_o suppose_v by_o how_o much_o any_o region_n be_v near_a to_o the_o pole_n by_o so_o much_o less_o it_o feel_v the_o intenseness_n of_o the_o cold_a and_o the_o field_n be_v find_v more_o fertile_a seem_v not_o probable_a to_o i_o when_o neither_o in_o nova_n zembla_n which_o be_v distant_a 16_o degree_n from_o the_o pole_n nor_o in_o spitzbirga_n which_o be_v only_o 8_o degree_n distant_a such_o a_o constitution_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v find_v but_o a_o roughness_n and_o hardness_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o summer_n snow_n or_o at_o least_o shower_n and_o very_o cold_a wind_n neither_o be_v their_o opinion_n help_v by_o one_o example_n observe_v by_o mariner_n in_o a_o certain_a region_n 9_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o pole_n which_o most_o man_n suppose_v to_o be_v groenland_n for_o in_o this_o green_a grass_n be_v find_v and_o a_o air_n more_o warm_a than_o in_o nova_n zembla_n as_o be_v most_o certain_a the_o only_a animal_n peculiar_a to_o these_o northern_a region_n venison_n rhinoceros_n a_o kind_n of_o venison_n be_v the_o rhinoceros_n and_o this_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n become_v exceed_o fat_a by_o feed_v on_o this_o grass_n nevertheless_o see_v that_o as_o yet_o not_o many_o region_n be_v hitherto_o find_v of_o this_o temperature_n in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n it_o be_v not_o expedient_a for_o we_o from_o this_o single_a example_n to_o make_v a_o general_a conjecture_n especial_o see_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o peculiar_a constitution_n be_v manifest_a for_o that_o land_n be_v full_a of_o marsh_n and_o sedgey_a and_o the_o grass_n by_o which_o the_o rhinoceros_n or_o dear_a be_v tender_v so_o fat_a be_v not_o a_o kind_n of_o terrestrial_a grass_n but_o sedge_n and_o osier_n but_o other_o herb_n be_v not_o there_o find_v or_o any_o tree_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o that_o land_n contain_v some_o fat_a and_o sulphureous_a substance_n which_o be_v mix_v which_o the_o water_n produce_v such_o a_o oil_n and_o fatten_v sedge_n but_o that_o the_o like_a earth_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o be_v observe_v but_o rather_o the_o contrary_n therefore_o in_o the_o winter_n in_o these_o place_n be_v little_a light_n but_o a_o incredible_a and_o great_a violence_n of_o cold_a snow_n shower_n and_o polary_a wind_n and_o this_o winter_n begin_v in_o the_o northern_a frigid_a zone_n when_o the_o sun_n first_o enter_v capricorn_n although_o also_o the_o autumn_n the_o sun_n go_v from_o the_o 1_o degree_n of_o libra_n to_o the_o 1_o of_o capricorn_n be_v little_o different_a from_o this_o violent_a winter_n the_o spring_n indeed_o be_v less_o infest_a with_o this_o violence_n of_o the_o air_n yet_o it_o be_v without_o snow_n shower_n and_o cold_a polary_a wind_n yet_o the_o increase_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o day_n or_o rather_o the_o decrease_n of_o cold_a be_v discover_v at_o that_o time_n viz._n the_o sun_n go_v from_o the_o 1_o degree_n of_o aries_n to_o the_o 1_o of_o cancer_n and_o in_o this_o vernal_a season_n or_o in_o the_o latter_a day_n of_o it_o the_o sun_n continue_v above_o the_o horizon_n in_o entire_a revolution_n and_o therefore_o then_o there_o be_v discover_v a_o moderate_a heat_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o of_o that_o force_n as_o to_o melt_v and_o dissolve_v the_o snow_n of_o all_o those_o place_n into_o water_n much_o less_o be_v it_o able_a to_o melt_v the_o ice_n whence_o mariner_n report_v that_o here_o be_v to_o be_v find_v snow_n and_o ice_n of_o a_o perpetual_a duration_n then_o the_o summer_n shall_v be_v from_o the_o go_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o 1_o degree_n of_o cancer_n to_o the_o 1_o of_o libra_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o which_o the_o sun_n yet_o remain_v for_o whole_a day_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o augment_v the_o heat_n by_o some_o accession_n so_o that_o june_n july_n and_o august_n be_v month_n of_o a_o tolerable_a air._n in_o some_o place_n among_o the_o mountain_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v intense_a but_o the_o shower_n and_o cloud_n do_v much_o hinder_v this_o benignity_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o especial_o the_o most_o sharp_a northern_a wind_n unto_o which_o sometime_o snow_n be_v adjoin_v so_o that_o no_o fruit_n or_o corn_n can_v here_o arrive_v to_o any_o maturity_n except_o in_o some_o place_n near_o the_o arctic_a circle_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o the_o shadow_n which_o the_o body_n erect_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n do_v cast_v and_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n arise_v from_o thence_o see_v that_o the_o shadow_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o illuminate_v body_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v cast_v be_v carry_v into_o divers_a place_n and_o fall_v on_o the_o sense_n have_v much_o variety_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o man_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o cause_n be_v strike_v with_o a_o admiration_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n divide_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o be_v into_o three_o sort_n which_o division_n must_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o to_o its_o superficies_n so_o that_o they_o term_v some_o amphiscij_fw-la other_o heteroscij_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n periscij_fw-la the_o explication_n of_o which_o term_n see_v that_o they_o contain_v but_o small_a learning_n we_o shall_v say_v somewhat_o also_o concern_v shadow_n which_o although_o they_o do_v not_o pertain_v to_o geography_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o near_a affinity_n they_o may_v be_v propose_v in_o this_o chapter_n shadow_n of_o
shadow_n the_o shadow_n receive_v their_o denomination_n from_o the_o part_n or_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n into_o which_o they_o be_v cast_v as_o the_o oriental_a shadow_n which_o tend_v into_o the_o east_n from_o the_o sun_n place_v in_o the_o west_n contrariwise_o the_o occidental_a shadow_n which_o go_v into_o the_o western_a plaga_fw-la or_o quater_fw-la but_o here_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v consider_v the_o meridian_n shadow_n which_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o meridian_n or_o which_o be_v cast_v from_o body_n perpendicular_o erect_v or_o seat_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o meridian_n the_o sun_n then_o be_v in_o the_o meridian_n and_o this_o be_v two_o fold_n viz._n northern_a and_o southern_a the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v term_v heteroscij_fw-la where_o the_o meridian_n shadow_n of_o body_n erect_v be_v constant_o carry_v all_o day_n of_o the_o year_n to_o either_o pole_n the_o periscij_fw-la be_v those_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o the_o shadow_n of_o erect_a body_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n be_v carry_v about_o into_o all_o the_o plagas_fw-la of_o the_o horizon_n or_o where_o the_o meridian_n shadow_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n be_v cast_v to_o both_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o meridian_n the_o amphiscij_fw-la be_v those_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o the_o meridian_n shadow_n of_o the_o erect_a body_n in_o some_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v cast_v to_o the_o north_n and_o on_o othersom_a to_o the_o south_n proposition_n i._o the_o shadow_n of_o body_n erect_v above_o the_o horizontal_n plain_a fall_v upon_o the_o quarter_n opposite_a to_o it_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n exi_v dyall_v of_o shadow_n in_o reference_n to_o optic_n and_o dyall_v those_o that_o be_v verse_v in_o the_o optic_n and_o horology_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o a_o shadow_n a_o opac_n and_o luminous_a body_n be_v in_o one_o plain_a but_o the_o term_n or_o bind_v of_o the_o shadow_n the_o extremity_n of_o the_o opac_n and_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o one_o right_a line_n for_o because_o the_o opac_n the_o shadow_n and_o line_n conceal_v from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o opac_n to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o shadow_n make_v a_o triangle_n now_o every_o triangle_n be_v in_o one_o plain_a therefore_o those_o three_o line_n shall_v be_v in_o one_o plain_a the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o line_n conjoin_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o opacity_n and_o the_o shadow_n moreover_o a_o erect_a body_n be_v right_a to_o the_o horizontal_n plain_a wherefore_o the_o plain_a draw_v through_o it_o viz._n that_o of_o the_o forementioned_a triangle_n be_v also_o straight_o to_o that_o horizontal_n plain_a and_o therefore_o seat_v in_o the_o vertical_a plain_n and_o because_o a_o body_n erect_v be_v seat_v as_o it_o be_v a_o vertex_fw-la between_o the_o sun_n and_o shadow_n therefore_o the_o sun_n and_o shadow_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o opposite_a quarter_n there_o be_v three_o part_n of_o this_o shadow_n which_o the_o style_v erect_v be_v illuminate_v from_o the_o sun_n do_v cast_v viz._n a_o dense_n shadow_n a_o central_n and_o a_o shadow_n which_o be_v almost_o a_o dense_n shadow_n which_o a_o ray_n come_v from_o the_o uppermost_a edge_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v terminate_v a_o central_n shadow_n be_v that_o which_o be_v intercept_v between_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o superior_a edge_n and_o the_o centrel_n ray_n the_o penumbra_fw-mi be_v that_o which_o be_v intercept_v between_o the_o central_n ray_n and_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o low_a proposition_n ii_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o in_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n be_v heteroscij_fw-la heteroscij_fw-la the_o people_n in_o the_o tropic_n be_v heteroscij_fw-la for_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n that_o very_a day_n the_o body_n erect_v in_o any_o point_n of_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n do_v absorbe_v the_o shadow_n of_o the_o sun_n possess_v their_o meridian_n because_o that_o then_o the_o sun_n perpendicular_o from_o his_o vertex_fw-la hang_v over_o the_o horizon_n and_o therefore_o illuminate_v all_o part_n of_o it_o neither_o do_v any_o ray_n from_o the_o erect_a opac_n hinder_v like_o this_o which_o perpendicular_o fall_v on_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n and_o therefore_o lie_v in_o the_o very_a opac_n but_o in_o other_o day_n of_o the_o year_n because_o the_o sun_n decline_v from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o tropic_a towards_o the_o south_n therefore_o the_o shadow_n be_v cast_v in_o the_o meridies_n towards_o the_o north_n never_o towards_o the_o south_n on_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n every_o day_n it_o be_v cast_v towards_o the_o south_n except_o on_o one_o day_n in_o which_o there_o will_v be_v no_o shadow_n never_o towards_o the_o north._n proposition_n iii_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v amphiscii_n amphiscii_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v call_v amphiscii_n let_v any_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v take_v in_o the_o globe_n and_o let_v it_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o let_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o latitude_n which_o shall_v cut_v the_o ecliptic_a in_o two_o point_n be_v describe_v by_o chalk_n apply_v when_o therefore_o the_o sun_n shall_v be_v in_o these_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a he_o shall_v describe_v by_o his_o circumvolution_n a_o parallel_n which_o shall_v direct_o hang_v over_o the_o parallel_n describe_v and_o therefore_o on_o those_o two_o day_n in_o which_o he_o obtain_v those_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o the_o assume_v place_n and_o in_o all_o situate_v in_o the_o describe_v parallel_n he_o shall_v be_v vertical_a in_o the_o meridies_n and_o illustrate_v all_o the_o place_n of_o the_o horizon_n and_o therefore_o no_o shadow_n shall_v be_v cast_v on_o these_o two_o day_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v be_v amphiscii_n without_o any_o shadow_n but_o on_o the_o other_o day_n of_o the_o year_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o but_o the_o meridian_n shadow_n shall_v either_o be_v cast_v to_o the_o north_n or_o to_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o lie_v in_o those_o two_o point_n before_o note_v towards_o the_o south_n on_o the_o contrary_a to_o the_o south_n whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o be_v situate_v from_o those_o two_o point_n towards_o the_o north._n proposition_n iu._n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n be_v heteroscii_n heteroscii_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n be_v call_v heteroscii_n for_o because_o the_o sun_n in_o all_o those_o day_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o meridies_n be_v move_v from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o north_n temperate_a zone_n towards_o that_o quarter_n to_o wit_n the_o south_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o south_n temperate_a zone_n towards_o the_o north_n it_o follow_v from_o the_o first_o proposition_n that_o the_o meridian_n shadow_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o north_n temperate_a zone_n bend_v to_o the_o same_o quarter_n all_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n viz._n the_o north_n on_o the_o contrary_a to_o the_o south_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o south_n temperate_a zone_n proposition_n v._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n be_v periscii_n periscii_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n be_v call_v periscii_n for_o by_o reason_n that_o on_o some_o day_n of_o the_o year_n the_o sun_n set_v not_o in_o these_o place_n but_o move_v round_o about_o the_o horizon_n it_o be_v also_o necessary_a that_o the_o shadow_n shall_v be_v carry_v round_o into_o all_o quarter_n and_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o superior_a semicircle_n of_o the_o meridian_n the_o shadow_n be_v cast_v towards_o the_o north_n and_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o inferior_a semicircle_n the_o shadow_n be_v carry_v towards_o the_o southern_a quarter_n proposition_n vi_o a_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v give_v to_o find_v the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n in_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o place_n shall_v be_v without_o any_o shadow_n and_o in_o what_o day_n the_o shadow_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o north_n and_o in_o what_o to_o the_o south_n let_v the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n become_v vertical_a to_o the_o place_n give_v be_v find_v those_o shall_v be_v the_o day_n in_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o place_n shall_v be_v without_o a_o shadow_n for_o this_o use_v the_o mode_n in_o the_o three_o proposition_n proposition_n vii_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v give_v to_o find_v the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o globe_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v amphiscii_n
that_o day_n let_v the_o place_n be_v find_v in_o which_o the_o sun_n become_v vertical_a on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n give_v according_a to_o the_o 9th_o proposition_n in_o the_o 24_o chapter_n these_o shall_v be_v the_o place_n seek_v proposition_n viii_o a_o place_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n be_v give_v to_o find_v the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n in_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o it_o be_v periscii_n let_v the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v find_v in_o which_o the_o sun_n set_v not_o in_o the_o give_v place_n according_a to_o the_o 10_o proposition_n of_o the_o 24_o chapter_n they_o be_v the_o day_n seek_v proposition_n ix_o the_o day_n of_o the_o year_n be_v give_v to_o find_v out_o the_o place_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o which_o be_v periscii_n that_o day_n so_o that_o this_o day_n be_v the_o first_o day_n let_v those_o place_n of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n be_v find_v in_o which_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o day_n give_v do_v not_o first_o begin_v to_o set_v they_o shall_v be_v the_o place_n seek_v for_o proposition_n x._o in_o place_n situate_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o meridian_n shadow_n fall_v half_o the_o year_n towards_o the_o north_n the_o other_o half_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o equinox_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v amphiscii_n for_o because_o the_o sun_n in_o one_o half_a of_o the_o year_n recede_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o south_n the_o other_o half_o towards_o the_o north_n the_o shadow_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o quarter_n opposite_a to_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o one_o half_a year_n the_o meridian_n shadow_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o half_a to_o the_o south_n proposition_n xi_o to_o place_v a_o plain_a above_o the_o horizontal_n plain_n of_o our_o place_n in_o which_o the_o erect_a style_n perpendicular_a may_v be_v the_o amphiscii_n for_o some_o day_n of_o the_o year_n on_o some_o day_n of_o the_o year_n the_o meridian_n shadow_n may_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o north_n on_o other_o to_o the_o south_n that_o be_v in_o which_o the_o meridian_n shadow_n may_v be_v so_o cast_v as_o in_o some_o give_a place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n let_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v take_v from_o the_o latitude_n of_o our_o place_n if_o the_o latitude_n be_v cognominal_a but_o if_o they_o be_v of_o a_o diverse_a species_n let_v both_o the_o latitude_n be_v add_v and_o the_o remain_a degree_n keep_v then_o in_o the_o horizontal_n plain_a the_o meridian_n line_n be_v find_v and_o also_o the_o line_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la which_o be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o meridian_n line_n let_v some_o plain_n be_v erect_v above_o the_o line_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la that_o it_o may_v incline_v above_o the_o horizon_n so_o many_o degree_n as_o be_v keep_v before_o the_o style_n or_o pin_n erect_v in_o this_o plain_n shall_v cast_v such_o shadow_n as_o if_o they_o be_v erect_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n proposition_n xii_o in_o the_o place_n seat_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n perpendicular_o erect_v in_o the_o whole_a day_n of_o the_o aequinox_n remain_v in_o one_o right_a line_n whether_o before_o noon_n â—t_z be_v continual_o cast_v into_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o west_n or_o after_o noon_n into_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o east_n now_o in_o the_o other_o day_n of_o the_o year_n the_o shadow_n be_v carry_v round_o into_o the_o semicircle_n aequator_fw-la of_o place_n seat_v without_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o place_n situate_v without_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n whilst_o the_o sun_n be_v move_v in_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o lie_v between_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o any_o place_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la tropic_n the_o shadow_n wander_v through_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o subject_a superficies_n in_o a_o semicircle_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n whilst_o the_o sun_n be_v move_v in_o a_o more_o remote_a circle_n from_o those_o or_o the_o zodiac_n the_o shadow_n steal_v by_o the_o lesser_a superficies_n in_o a_o semicircle_n and_o the_o greaten_v whilst_o the_o sun_n run_v through_o the_o near_a semicircle_n of_o the_o zodiac_n in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o aequinox_n the_o shadow_n of_o a_o erect_a style_n be_v carry_v round_o in_o a_o semicircle_n in_o all_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n except_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n these_o be_v all_o render_v perspicuous_a partly_o from_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o globe_n and_o partly_o from_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o diagram_n proposition_n xiii_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n whilst_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a between_o the_o vicine_fw-la tropic_n and_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o place_n in_o those_o day_n the_o shadow_n of_o the_o erect_a style_n twice_o return_v back_o and_o go_v over_o the_o line_n leave_v behind_o viz._n once_o before_o noon_n and_o once_o after_o noon_n the_o sun_n also_o in_o these_o day_n will_v seem_v to_o inflect_v his_o course_n zone_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n take_v any_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n in_o the_o globe_n and_o let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v according_a to_o his_o latitude_n and_o let_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o place_n be_v describe_v which_o shall_v cut_v the_o ecliptic_a in_o two_o point_n i_o say_v that_o whilst_o the_o sun_n move_v in_o the_o intercept_a arch_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a between_o this_o parallel_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la tropic_n in_o those_o day_n the_o sun_n will_v seem_v to_o be_v twice_o retrograde_a and_o go_v over_o the_o line_n leave_v behind_o let_v any_o of_o the_o point_n of_o that_o arch_n be_v take_v and_o let_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v describe_v viz._n which_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o that_o point_n describe_v by_o diurnal_a circumvolution_n for_o example_n take_v the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n or_o capricorn_n and_o another_o of_o their_o tropic_n for_o so_o there_o will_v be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o description_n of_o a_o parallel_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o point_n in_o which_o the_o quadrant_n touch_v the_o parallel_n the_o sun_n be_v in_o this_o seat_n or_o in_o this_o quarter_n will_v seem_v to_o bend_v his_o course_n towards_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o shadow_n shall_v begin_v to_o be_v retrograde_a from_o the_o line_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o meridian_n line_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n if_o that_o you_o apply_v the_o quadrant_n to_o the_o occidental_a part_n of_o the_o parallel_n you_o shall_v see_v in_o that_o point_n in_o which_o the_o quadrant_n touch_v the_o parallel_n that_o the_o sun_n go_v to_o the_o quarter_n he_o have_v leave_v and_o set_v in_o that_o quarter_n in_o which_o some_o hour_n before_o he_o be_v corollary_n therefore_o it_o be_v not_o against_o nature_n that_o the_o shadow_n shall_v go_v back_o on_o sun-dials_n but_o than_o it_o be_v miraculous_a if_o that_o it_o be_v do_v sudden_o in_o a_o note_a space_n also_o if_o it_o repeat_v the_o lineary_a hour_n viz._n if_o that_o the_o style_n be_v not_o perpendicular_a but_o parallel_n to_o the_o mundane_a axletree_n yea_o although_o it_o be_v perpendicular_a yet_o do_v not_o the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n itself_o show_v the_o hour_n but_o the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n part_n of_o which_o be_v conceal_v in_o the_o mind_n on_o the_o dial_n if_o that_o it_o be_v want_v proposition_n fourteen_o a_o place_n be_v give_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o one_o day_n of_o those_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n seem_v to_o bend_v his_o course_n and_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n seem_v to_o go_v back_o to_o find_v the_o quarter_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n then_o shall_v be_v and_o the_o hour_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v let_v the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v and_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v find_v at_o the_o give_v day_n and_o let_v it_o be_v note_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o let_v the_o parallel_n be_v describe_v with_o chalk_n which_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o that_o point_n describe_v let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o so_o turn_v about_o until_o it_o touch_v the_o describe_v parallel_n so_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o quadrant_n in_o the_o horizon_n shall_v show_v the_o place_n seek_v for_o now_o that_o the_o hour_n may_v be_v find_v let_v that_o point_n of_o the_o parallel_n be_v note_v in_o which_o the_o contact_n be_v make_v let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o the_o twelve_o
arch_n of_o fifteen_o degree_n beneath_o the_o horizontal_n line_n must_v be_v take_v in_o the_o describe_v periphery_n for_o the_o hour_n before_o six_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o six_o in_o the_o evening_n and_o the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n must_v be_v draw_v the_o perpendicular_a style_n must_v also_o be_v erect_v from_o the_o centre_n furthermore_o in_o the_o horizontal_n plain_a if_o that_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o scioterick_n be_v not_o yet_o erect_v the_o meridian_n line_n must_v be_v find_v and_o the_o line_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_a rise_n and_o set_v and_o so_o it_o must_v be_v place_v on_o or_o above_o this_o plain_a of_o the_o scioterick_n that_o the_o horizontal_n line_n of_o the_o scioterick_n may_v be_v parallel_n to_o this_o line_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v so_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o style_n shall_v show_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o hour_n at_o every_o day_n of_o the_o year_n but_o because_o the_o sun_n only_o illustrate_v this_o one_o superficies_n of_o this_o plain_a half_a a_o year_n and_o the_o other_o another_o half_a year_n therefore_o in_o both_o the_o superficies_n a_o scioterick_n must_v be_v make_v after_o the_o appoint_a mode_n lay_v down_o before_o that_o on_o one_o side_n of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o summer_n and_o spring_n in_o the_o other_o in_o the_o time_n of_o autumn_n the_o hour_n may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o shadow_n the_o line_n of_o the_o circle_n which_o show_v the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o sun_n into_o the_o twelve_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o which_o do_v represent_v the_o parallel_n which_o the_o sun_n describe_v in_o the_o heaven_n by_o his_o circumvolution_n may_v easy_o be_v draw_v on_o this_o aequinoctial_a scioterick_n for_o let_v a_o certain_a magnitude_n of_o the_o style_n be_v take_v and_o let_v it_o be_v accurate_o divide_v into_o ten_o part_n and_o one_o of_o thsee_v ten_o into_o ten_o other_o part_n that_o the_o whole_a line_n may_v be_v conceive_v to_o be_v cut_v into_o a_o hundred_o particle_n then_o from_o a_o table_n of_o declination_n let_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v except_v the_o five_o the_o ten_o the_o fifteen_o the_o twenty_o the_o twenty_o five_o the_o thirty_o degree_n of_o aries_n or_o the_o first_o the_o fifteen_o degree_n of_o taurus_n the_o first_o the_o fifteen_o degree_n of_o taurus_n the_o first_o the_o fifteen_o degree_n of_o gemini_fw-la the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n and_o let_v the_o tangent_n be_v take_v from_o the_o mathematical_a canon_n moreover_o from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o horologe_n in_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o compliment_n of_o the_o five_o degree_n of_o aries_n let_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n be_v describe_v this_o will_v note_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o sun_n into_o the_o five_o degree_n of_o aries_n and_o the_o twenty_o five_o of_o virgo_fw-la and_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o that_o day_n viz._n when_o the_o diurnal_a extremity_n of_o the_o shadow_n by_o its_o circumvolution_n shall_v fall_v on_o this_o describe_v periphery_n it_o shall_v be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o five_o degree_n of_o aries_n or_o the_o twenty_o five_o of_o virgo_fw-la after_o the_o same_o mode_n let_v the_o periphery_n be_v describe_v in_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o ten_o and_o the_o twenty_o degree_n of_o aries_n the_o first_o and_o the_o fifteen_o of_o taurus_n the_o first_o and_o the_o fifteen_o of_o gemini_fw-la and_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n those_o will_v show_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o those_o point_n and_o also_o in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o 20_o degree_n of_o virgo_fw-la the_o 10_o and_o the_o first_o of_o virgo_fw-la the_o 15_o of_o leo_n and_o the_o first_o of_o leo_n and_o the_o 15_o degree_n of_o cancer_n after_o the_o same_o mode_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o scioterick_n let_v the_o periphery_n be_v describe_v for_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o libra_n and_o the_o 25_o of_o pisces_fw-la in_o the_o 10_o of_o libra_n and_o the_o 20_o of_o pisces_fw-la in_o the_o 15_o of_o libra_n and_o the_o 15_o of_o pisces_fw-la in_o the_o first_o of_o scorpio_n and_o the_o first_o of_o pisces_fw-la in_o the_o 15_o of_o scorpio_n and_o the_o 15_o of_o aquarius_n and_o in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o sagittarius_fw-la and_o the_o first_o of_o aquarius_n unto_o every_o one_o of_o these_o periphery_n the_o character_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n must_v be_v ascribe_v proposition_n xxii_o to_o describe_v a_o horizontal_n scioterick_n or_o a_o horizontal_n plain_n describe_v a_o horizontal_n scioterick_n or_o horizontal_n plain_a describe_v by_o the_o globe_n let_v the_o pole_n and_o meridian_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n which_o meridian_n be_v more_o conspicuous_a than_o the_o other_o line_n in_o the_o superficies_n both_o for_o colour_n and_o magnitude_n let_v it_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n let_v the_o index_n be_v place_v at_o the_o hour_n of_o twelve_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v round_o until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o hour_n one_o or_o eleven_o or_o until_o 15_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la do_v pass_v the_o brazen_a meridian_n in_o this_o situation_n of_o the_o globe_n let_v the_o degree_n intercept_v between_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v number_v on_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n and_o let_v this_o hour_n be_v note_v for_o the_o hour_n of_o one_o after_o noon_n and_o eleven_o before_o noon_n then_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v again_o until_o the_o index_n show_v the_o hour_n 11_o or_o 10_o and_o let_v the_o degree_n intercept_v between_o those_o two_o meridian_n the_o brazen_a one_o and_o that_o assume_v be_v note_v for_o the_o 10_o or_o 11_o hour_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n let_v it_o be_v do_v for_o the_o hour_n 9_o and_o 3_o for_o 8_o and_o 4_o for_o 7_o and_o 5_o for_o 6_o and_o 6_o but_o we_o shall_v not_o want_v this_o hour_n for_o 5_o and_o 7_o for_o 4_o and_o 8_o for_o 3_o and_o 9_o these_o degree_n be_v thus_o note_v for_o every_o ascribe_v hour_n let_v the_o meridian_n line_n be_v find_v on_o the_o horizontal_n plain_a and_o for_o any_o point_n of_o this_o line_n let_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n be_v describe_v as_o from_o a_o centre_n and_o let_v it_o be_v draw_v perpendicular_o from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o same_o on_o either_o side_n this_o shall_v be_v the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n at_o the_o hour_n 6_o before_o noon_n and_o 6_o after_o noon_n the_o meridian_n line_n be_v the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o hour_n 12._o in_o the_o describe_v periphery_a let_v the_o arch_n before_o note_a be_v cut_v of_o begin_v from_o the_o meridian_n line_n towards_o the_o line_n of_o the_o hour_n 6_o before_z and_z after_o noon_n first_o the_o arch_n note_v for_o 11_o and_o 1_o then_o for_o the_o hour_n 10_o and_o 2_o for_o 9_o and_o 3_o for_o 8_o and_o 4_o etc._n etc._n the_o arch_n thus_o cut_v off_o let_v the_o line_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o centre_n to_o those_o bound_n these_o shall_v be_v the_o line_n of_o the_o shadow_n in_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_n of_o the_o other_o hour_n but_o the_o style_n must_v be_v so_o elevate_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o horologe_n above_o the_o meridian_n line_n that_o the_o angle_n which_o it_o make_v with_o it_o may_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n or_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n but_o it_o be_v more_o commodious_a to_o make_v some_o triangle_n who_o angle_n at_o the_o basis_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n if_o the_o declination_n be_v make_v on_o paper_n let_v the_o line_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o centre_n which_o from_o the_o periphery_n may_v take_v a_o arch_n equal_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n the_o numeration_n be_v from_o the_o meridian_n line_n and_o let_v the_o triangle_n be_v cut_v out_o to_o be_v place_v above_o the_o meridian_n line_n so_o the_o shadow_n will_v show_v the_o hour_n the_o make_n of_o this_o scioterick_n be_v easy_a without_o a_o globe_n proposition_n xxiii_o to_o describe_v a_o scioterick_n on_o a_o vertical_a plain_n which_o may_v direct_o regard_v the_o east_n and_o west_n aequinoctial_a what_o a_o scioterick_n what_o the_o make_n of_o this_o be_v perfect_v after_o the_o same_o mode_n which_o we_o use_v in_o the_o horizontal_n if_o that_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o elevate_v according_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n but_o according_a to_o the_o compliment_n of_o it_o and_o then_o the_o style_n also_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o meridian_n
collect_v the_o increase_n or_o decrease_v of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o unequal_a increase_n of_o the_o day_n but_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la itself_o all_o day_n be_v equal_a and_o therefore_o here_o be_v no_o increase_n or_o decrease_v although_o the_o sun_n seem_v to_o stand_v about_o the_o day_n of_o the_o solstice_n that_o be_v a_o little_a change_v the_o meridian_n altitude_n now_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o great_a inequality_n of_o this_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o the_o day_n be_v to_o be_v find_v where_o the_o place_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la if_o that_o the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v for_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o divers_a place_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o parallel_n elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n be_v consider_v in_o both_o situation_n proposition_n xxv_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o those_o situate_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o sun_n much_o soon_o depart_v from_o the_o vertex_fw-la than_o in_o place_n near_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n or_o capricorn_n zone_n of_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n let_v any_o degree_n in_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v note_v for_o example_n the_o five_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o another_o place_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v take_v for_o example_n one_o who_o latitude_n be_v 18_o degree_n let_v this_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o meridian_n make_v a_o sign_n with_o a_o chalk_n in_o this_o and_o let_v 5_o degree_n from_o this_o towards_o the_o tropic_a be_v reckon_v on_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o here_o again_o make_v a_o sign_n with_o a_o chalk_n we_o must_v show_v that_o the_o sun_n in_o few_o day_n be_v remove_v from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la 5_o degree_n in_o the_o meridies_n than_o from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o another_o place_n so_o many_o degree_n let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v until_o some_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a come_v under_o some_o note_a point_n of_o the_o meridian_n near_o to_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o let_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a between_o the_o first_o of_o aries_n and_o libra_n and_o between_o that_o point_n and_o the_o arch_n here_o to_o be_v note_v then_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v again_o until_o some_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a pass_n through_o the_o note_v make_v in_o the_o meridian_n for_o the_o place_n and_o let_v this_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v note_v then_o let_v the_o globe_n be_v turn_v again_o until_o another_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a pass_n through_o by_o that_o point_n remove_v five_o degree_n which_o be_v note_v which_o must_v again_o be_v note_v and_o let_v the_o arch_n between_o the_o two_o last_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v reckon_v which_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v much_o big_a than_o that_o which_o be_v first_o note_v and_o thence_o the_o sun_n shall_v stay_v in_o this_o arch_n more_o day_n than_o in_o the_o former_a and_o therefore_o he_o more_o slow_o recede_v from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o second_o place_n than_o from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o place_n take_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o three_o book_n of_o general_n geography_n to_o wit_n the_o comparative_a part_n of_o the_o affection_n from_o compare_v of_o place_n chap._n xxxi_o of_o the_o longitude_n of_o a_o place_n definition_n 1._o â—he_v circle_n of_o the_o longitude_n of_o any_o place_n in_o the_o earth_n definition_n definition_n be_v a_o circle_n pass_v through_o that_o place_n and_o both_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v also_o term_v the_o meridian_n circle_n because_o the_o meridian_n of_o a_o place_n and_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o longitude_n of_o a_o place_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o circle_n but_o they_o be_v only_o rational_o distinguish_v because_o the_o meridian_n have_v respect_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o star_n the_o circle_n of_o the_o longitude_n to_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v no_o respect_n to_o the_o celestial_a motion_n but_o the_o use_n of_o the_o term_n meridian_n be_v more_o frequent_a and_o convenient_a and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v also_o use_v the_o word_n they_o be_v conspicuous_a in_o globe_n and_o map_n pass_v through_o every_o ten_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la 2._o the_o distance_n of_o a_o place_n from_o a_o certain_a meridian_n be_v term_v the_o longitude_n of_o a_o place_n or_o else_o it_o be_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o parallel_v intercept_v between_o the_o meridian_n of_o that_o place_n and_o a_o certain_a other_o meridian_n this_o meridian_n from_o which_o the_o meridian_n of_o other_o place_n be_v reckon_v from_o west_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v call_v the_o first_o meridian_n the_o longitude_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o be_v term_v its_o extension_n from_o west_n to_o east_n conceive_v according_a to_o the_o line_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o first_o meridian_n in_o the_o map_n and_o globe_n be_v notable_a above_o the_o rest_n for_o magnitude_n and_o colour_n and_o it_o be_v apparent_a to_o the_o eye_n 3._o the_o distance_n of_o one_o place_n from_o another_o be_v a_o very_a short_a line_n intercept_v between_o those_o two_o place_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n 4._o any_o point_n in_o the_o globe_n and_o map_n be_v true_o say_v to_o represent_v and_o exhibit_v any_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n if_o that_o it_o have_v that_o situation_n and_o distance_n to_o the_o other_o point_n of_o the_o map_n such_o as_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o it_o ought_v to_o represent_v have_v to_o the_o other_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o other_o point_n of_o the_o earth_n proposition_n i._o nature_n 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mode_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o same_o in_o any_o parallel_n which_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n do_v describe_v by_o a_o diurnal_a motion_n without_o the_o aequator_fw-la proposition_n v._o the_o give_a hour_n be_v give_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n or_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o celestial_a appearance_n as_o also_o the_o horary_a minute_n of_o our_o place_n and_o that_o of_o the_o other_o place_n to_o find_v out_o how_o many_o degree_n the_o meridian_n of_o our_o place_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o other_o place_n that_o be_v to_o find_v the_o longitude_n of_o our_o place_n from_o that_o place_n the_o solution_n be_v easy_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o have_v be_v show_v that_o if_o one_o place_n anticipate_v one_o hour_n of_o the_o account_n of_o the_o other_o place_n the_o meridian_n of_o that_o be_v more_o oriental_a than_o the_o meridian_n of_o this_o by_o 15_o degree_n if_o two_o hour_n by_o 30_o degree_n 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meridian_n and_o circle_n of_o latitude_n do_v meet_v and_o so_o the_o map_n shall_v be_v finish_v the_o ecliptic_a shall_v be_v represent_v by_o a_o straight_a line_n or_o by_o the_o ecliptic_a line_n by_o that_o method_n which_o we_o have_v explain_v in_o map_n of_o the_o second_o mode_n with_o little_a labour_n useful_a these_o map_n very_o useful_a map_n of_o this_o method_n be_v able_a to_o perform_v what_o the_o table_n of_o the_o precede_a modes_n do_v beside_o this_o they_o have_v this_o commodity_n that_o they_o apparent_o show_v the_o decrease_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o latitude_n in_o magnitude_n towards_o the_o pole_n if_o the_o division_n h_o g_o and_z h_z k_o can_v be_v make_v through_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o line_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o the_o eye_n d_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a by_o calculation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o parallel_n for_o every_o degree_n viz._n according_a to_o this_o proportion_n as_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o eye_n take_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la to_o be_v represent_v have_v themselves_o to_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o same_o arch_n so_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o eye_n from_o the_o table_n to_o part_v the_o line_n h_o c_o or_o h_n k_o which_o shall_v only_o represent_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la for_o example_n let_v we_o put_v the_o eye_n d_o to_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n e_o 200_o semidiameter_n of_o it_o but_o the_o table_n or_o glass_n h_n k_o 100_o semidiameter_n therefore_o d_o e_z shall_v be_v 200_o and_o d_o h_n 100_o of_o such_o as_o e_z b_o or_o e_z a_o e_o c_o be_v 1._o we_o shall_v find_v first_o the_o longitude_n of_o g_o h_n k_o which_o ought_v to_o represent_v the_o semiperiphery_a of_o the_o aequator_fw-la a_o b_o c_o in_o this_o distance_n of_o the_o eye_n or_o glass_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v thus_o as_o d_o e_z be_v to_z e_z a_o so_o be_v d_o h_n to_z h_z s_n or_o h_n k._n 200_o 100_o 1_o to_o the_o semidiamiter_n of_o the_o earth_n ½_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a h_n k_o or_o h_n g_o oughts_z to_o be_v of_o half_a the_o longitude_n of_o the_o semidiamiter_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v over_o vast_a when_o we_o can_v exhibit_v no_o such_o line_n on_o any_o plain_a therefore_o for_o the_o earth_n itself_o we_o conceive_v a_o little_a earth_n or_o globe_n terrestrial_a lesser_a than_o usual_a who_o semidiameter_n if_o that_o it_o be_v of_o 2_o foot_n h_z g_z or_o h_n k_o shall_v be_v of_o 1_o foot_n viz._n if_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v put_v 200_o foot_n remote_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o that_o little_a earth_n but_o the_o glass_n 100_o but_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v how_o much_o distance_n the_o eye_n ought_v to_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o very_a earth_n that_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la e_o a_o or_o e_o c_o may_v make_v the_o projecture_n h_o c_o of_o give_v magnitude_n for_o example_n of_o 1_o foot_n the_o semidiamiter_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la that_o be_v the_o semissis_fw-la of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n contain_v 19598300_o that_o may_v be_v find_v by_o this_o proportion_n yet_o suppose_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o glass_n from_o the_o eye_n viz._n h_o d_o 10000_o as_o h_n g_o to_z d_o h_n so_z e_z a_o to_z d_o e._n mile_n a_o holland_n mile_n 1_o to_o 100000_o so_o 19598300_o to_o 1959830000000_o foot_n wherefore_o 18000_o make_v a_o holland_n mile_n a_o vast_a distance_n but_o in_o practice_n we_o take_v not_o the_o earth_n its_o self_n but_o its_o type_n or_o little_a earth_n from_o which_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o suppose_v the_o eye_n remove_v by_o so_o great_a a_o interval_n but_o the_o projecture_n therefore_o be_v not_o vary_v the_o eight_o mode_n in_o which_o any_o give_a place_n in_o the_o earth_n receive_v the_o centre_n or_o middle_a place_n of_o the_o map_n if_o you_o please_v to_o have_v a_o map_n in_o which_o the_o situation_n of_o all_o place_n to_o our_o place_n or_o to_o any_o give_a place_n as_o also_o the_o distance_n of_o they_o from_o our_o place_n may_v be_v behold_v and_o find_v out_o a_o method_n be_v discover_v by_o which_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v so_o represent_v that_o any_o give_v place_n of_o it_o may_v possess_v the_o middle_a place_n or_o centre_n of_o the_o map_n and_o the_o other_o place_n may_v lie_v about_o it_o as_o a_o centre_n such_o map_n those_o people_n affect_v earth_n the_o chinese_n and_o ancient_a jew_n suppose_v their_o country_n to_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o be_v delight_v with_o a_o vain_a opinion_n that_o their_o country_n be_v situate_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n as_o the_o chineses_n and_o likewise_o the_o jew_n in_o time_n past_a but_o to_o describe_v such_o a_o map_n let_v we_o take_v london_n to_o possess_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o map_n we_o take_v his_o latitude_n or_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o '_o pole_n to_o be_v the_o 51_o ½_n degree_n the_o eye_n be_v place_v in_o the_o point_n opposite_a to_o the_o vertex_fw-la or_o in_o the_o nadir_n of_o the_o place_n the_o table_n or_o glass_n be_v the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n or_o another_o parallel_n to_o it_o if_o you_o please_v to_o represent_v a_o large_a portion_n than_o the_o hemisphere_n which_o be_v more_o commodious_a in_o this_o method_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o plain_a at_o least_o may_v pass_v through_o the_o depress_v pole_n therefore_o in_o the_o plain_a let_v the_o centre_n e_o be_v take_v for_o london_n and_o the_o describe_v periphery_n a_o b_o c_o d_o which_o show_v the_o horizon_n must_v be_v divide_v into_o four_o quarter_n and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o into_o 90_o degrre_n let_v the_o diameter_n b_o d_o be_v the_o meridian_n line_n b_o the_o north_n pole_n d_o the_o south_n diameter_n and_o the_o line_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v aequinoctial_a show_v the_o primary_n vertical_a a_o the_o occident_n c_o the_o oriental_a cardo_n or_o show_v the_o place_n which_o be_v distant_a 90_o degree_n in_o the_o primary_n vertical_a point_n all_o the_o vertical_a point_n be_v represent_v in_o straight_a line_n draw_v through_o the_o centre_n e_o to_o every_o degree_n of_o the_o horizon_n but_o to_o shun_v confusion_n it_o be_v better_a to_o omit_v they_o and_o to_o adjoyn_v a_o circumductile_a rule_n to_o the_o paxil_n affix_v in_o e._n then_o let_v b_o d_o be_v divide_v into_o 180_o degree_n as_o in_o the_o former_a mode_n by_o draw_v right_a line_n from_o a_o to_o every_o degree_n of_o the_o semiperiphery_n b_o c_o d._n that_o point_n
in_o spain_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o firm_a land_n as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n where_o be_v ten_o city_n to_o wit_n caragosa_n lerida_n huesca_n jacca_n callatajud_n borio_n daroca_n teruel_n albazarin_n and_o more_o than_o a_o hundred_o wall_v town_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v anza_n de_fw-fr sobrarbe_n benavarri_n de_fw-fr ribagorsa_n monsons_n fraga_n camfrane_n viescas_n the_o principality_n of_o catalogne_n or_o catalonia_n with_o the_o county_n of_o rousillon_n where_o be_v in_o catalogne_n eight_o city_n barcelona_n tartagona_n lerida_n girona_n tortosa_n solsona_n urgel_n which_fw-mi in_o rousillon_n two_o city_n perpignan_n elna_n and_o about_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o wall_v town_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o in_o catalogne_n be_v puycerda_n balaguer_n cardona_n cervera_n manresa_n castillo_n d'empurias_fw-la rose_n and_o in_o rousillon_n collioure_fw-fr the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n where_o be_v four_o city_n valencia_n segorbia_n xativa_n orihuelha_n and_o about_o 60_o wall_v town_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v elche_v biar_n denia_n gandia_n alzira_n morvedre_n villa_n real_a st._n mattheo_n in_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o majorca_n majorca_n minorca_n citadelli_n yuisa_n yuisva_n in_o italy_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o firm_a land_n as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n where_o be_v terra_fw-la di_fw-it lavoro_n naples_n or_o napoli_n capona_n principato_n citra_fw-la amalfi_n salerno_n principato_n ultra_fw-la benevento_n conza_n calabria_n citra_fw-la conzenza_n calabria_n ultra_fw-la reggio_n cotrone_n basilicata_n cirenza_n terra_fw-la di_fw-fr otrante_n tarante_n lecce_fw-la otrante_n brindici_fw-la or_o blind_v terra_fw-la di_fw-it bari_n bari_n capitanate_n monte_fw-it st_o angelo_n manfredonia_n comtado_n di_o molife_o abruzzo_n citra_fw-la or_o abruzze_v citerieure_fw-fr lanciau_n or_o lancrano_n sulmone_n civita_n di_fw-fr chietti_n abruzzo_n ultra_fw-la or_o abruzze_v ulterieure_fw-fr civita_n di_fw-it penna_fw-la aquila_n in_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o isle_n and_o kingdom_n of_o sicily_n where_o be_v in_o val_n di_fw-it demona_fw-la messina_n taormina_n catane_n patta_n troina_n cefaledi_fw-la val_n di_fw-fr noto_n siracuso_n noto_n motya_n termini_fw-la val_n di_fw-fr mazara_n palermo_n monreal_n trapani_n marzalla_n mazara_n xacca_n girgenti_n the_o isle_n and_o kingdom_n of_o sardaigne_n where_o be_v in_o capo_n cagliari_n cagliary_a or_o calari_n oriftagni_n villa_n di_fw-fr glesia_n capo_n lugodori_n sassari_n algeri_n bosa_n and_o divers_a isle_n towards_o naples_n ischia_n capri_n towards_o sicily_n lipara_n etc._n etc._n the_o estate_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n be_v in_o europe_n the_o portugal_n or_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n comprehend_v three_o region_n six_o province_n twenty_o almoxarifatz_n that_o be_v court_v of_o audience_n or_o for_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n 18_o city_n more_o than_o 400_o wall_a town_n 200_o borough_n 4000_o parish_n the_o region_n be_v between_o the_o river_n minho_n and_o douro_n where_o be_v the_o province_n of_o between_o the_o river_n minho_n and_o douro_n which_o comprehend_v the_o almoxarifatz_n of_o porto_n porto_n viana_n de_fw-fr foz_fw-fr caminha_n viana_n de_fw-fr foz_fw-fr de_fw-fr lima_n barcelos_n ponte_n de_fw-fr lima_n ponte_n de_fw-la lima._n guimaranes_n braga_n guimaranes_n tralos_a montes_n which_o comprehend_v the_o almoxarifatz_n of_o miranda_n miranda_z bragansa_n torro_fw-la de_fw-fr mencorvo_n torre_n de_fw-fr mencorvo_n chiave_n villa_n real_a villa_n real_a pinhel_n castel_n rodrigo_n pinhel_n between_o the_o river_n douro_n and_o tajo_n where_o be_v the_o province_n of_o estremadura_n which_o contain_v the_o almoxarifatz_n of_o lisbona_n lisbona_n santarein_o santarein_o tomar_n tomar_n alenquez_n alenquez_n sintra_n leiria_n leiria_n setubal_n setubal_n cezimbra_n almada_n palmela_n alcazer_n do_v sal._n beira_n which_o hold_v the_o almoxarifatz_n of_o coimbra_n coimbra_fw-la guarda_fw-it guarda_fw-it lamego_n lamego_n viseu_n viseu_n aveiro_n aveiro_n castel_n branco_n castel_n branco_n salvatierra_n indanha_n alen-tajo_a or_o between_o the_o river_n tajo_n and_o guadiana_n where_o be_v the_o province_n of_o alen-tajo_a which_o hold_v the_o almoxarifatz_n of_o evora_n evora_n beja_n beja_n serpa_n st_n jago_n de_fw-fr câ—cem_fw-la mertola_fw-la ourique_n elvas_n elvas_n olivensa_fw-la mouraon_n portalegre_n portalegre_n crato_n estremoz_fw-mi estremoz_fw-mi and_o avis_n algarve_n and_o the_o almoxarifatz_n of_o tavila_n pharo_n tavila_n lagos_n silve_n and_o lagos_n divers_a estate_n kingdom_n isle_n city_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o continent_n among_o the_o which_o be_v in_o africa_n and_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n centa_n the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n mazagan_n the_o country_n of_o negro_n arguin_n sierre_n leone_n cachieu_n guinee_n st._n george_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mina_n the_o kingdom_n of_o angola_n st_n pol_n de_fw-fr loanda_n cambambe_n caffreria_n or_o cafres_n cuama_n or_o sofala_n zanguebar_v mozambique_n malinde_a monbaza_n the_o isle_n of_o madera_n funghal_o azore_n angra_n cape_n verd_fw-mi st._n jago_n st._n thomas_n etc._n etc._n pavoasam_n in_o asia_n and_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o arabia_n mascate_v persia_n ormus_n cambay_n diu_n daman_n bazaim_n decan_n shall_fw-mi cuncan_n goa_n canara_n barcelor_n malabar_n cananor_n cranganor_n cohin_n coulan_n choromandel_n negapatan_n malâ—apour_n or_o st._n thomas_n pegu_n sirian_a malacca_n malacca_n china_n macao_n the_o isle_n or_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n colombo_n manar_n manar_n moluccoe_n nostro_fw-la seniora_n del_fw-it rozaria_n japon_n meliapon_n in_o america_n and_o in_o brazil_n the_o fourteen_o capitany_n or_o government_n of_o para_n para._n maranhan_n maranhan_n ciara_n ciara_n rio_n grande_n rio_n grande_n or_o potengi_n parayba_n paraba_n tamaraca_n tamaraca_n fennambuco_n olinda_n seregippa_n seregippa_n bahia_n de_fw-fr todo_fw-es los_fw-es santos_n st._n salvador_n los_fw-la isleos_n los_fw-la isleos_n porto_n seguro_fw-la porto_n seguro_fw-la spiritu_fw-la santo_n spiritu_fw-la santo_n rio_n janiero_n st._n sebastian_n st._n vincent_n santos_n to_z the_o r_z t_o worshipful_a henry_n hunloke_n of_o wingerworth_n in_o derbyshireshire_n bar_n t_o this_o map_n be_v humble_o d.d._n by_o r.b._n a_o general_n map_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n by_o mounseur_fw-fr sanson_n geographer_n to_o the_o eranch_n king_n spain_n the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n be_v almost_o quite_o encompass_v with_o the_o ocean_n and_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n separate_v it_o from_o france_n these_o mountain_n be_v that_o isthmus_n or_o neck_n of_o land_n that_o unit_v spain_n to_o the_o continent_n and_o serve_v as_o a_o desence_n and_o bind_v for_o this_o kingdom_n and_o france_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o here_o reside_v be_v a_o sort_n of_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a people_n spain_n take_v conjoint_o with_o portugal_n which_o though_o a_o particular_a kingdom_n have_v be_v always_o take_v as_o a_o member_n thereof_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o 35th_o degree_n of_o latitude_n unto_o almost_o the_o 44th_o and_o from_o the_o 9th_o degree_n of_o longitude_n to_o the_o 24_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o most_o southern_o part_v of_o the_o north_n temperate_a zone_n situation_n situation_n the_o long_a summers-day_n make_v 15_o hour_n it_o be_v a_o country_n not_o over_o fertile_a in_o corn_n or_o cattle_n which_o do_v occasion_n the_o people_n to_o order_v their_o diet_n according_o their_o chief_a food_n be_v salad_n and_o fruit_n the_o product_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o with_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o flesh_n they_o will_v make_v two_o or_o three_o dish_n and_o above_o all_o their_o oleum_n be_v esteem_v as_o a_o excellent_a dish_n but_o in_o recompense_n of_o the_o defect_n of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n the_o country_n produce_v divers_a rich_a commodity_n as_o wine_n oil_n several_a metal_n rice_n cork_n soda_fw-it barrellia_n shumack_n soap_n commodity_n its_o commodity_n anchovy_n honey_n wax_n woad_n coriander_n saffron_n anniseed_n raisin_n almond_n orange_n lemon_n liquorice_n wool_n lambskin_n raw_a silk_n etc._n etc._n spain_n receive_v its_o first_o people_n from_o celtes_n whence_o come_v the_o name_n of_o celtiâ—eri_n then_o the_o phoenician_n and_o carthaginian_n possess_v the_o most_o southern_a part_n near_a to_o africa_n inhabitant_n the_o several_a inhabitant_n and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o country_n the_o roman_n drive_v they_o out_o and_o possess_v it_o whole_o and_o in_o the_o declension_n of_o their_o empire_n the_o goth_n vandal_n sueve_n alain_n and_o silinge_v fettle_v here_o and_o part_v it_o among_o they_o the_o goth_n in_o the_o end_n remain_v sole_a master_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o moor_n vanquish_v they_o and_o force_v they_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o mountain_n of_o leon_n the_o asturias_n and_o gallicia_n the_o people_n now_o inhabit_v in_o spain_n be_v of_o a_o swart_a complexion_n black_a haired_a and_o of_o a_o good_a proportion_n they_o be_v very_o stately_a in_o all_o their_o action_n of_o a_o majestic_a gate_n in_o their_o carriage_n be_v very_a grave_n and_o
kexholm_n or_o barelogorod_n ingria_n which_o be_v not_o subdivide_v into_o province_n notteburg_n or_o orescu_n juanogorod_n caporia_n jamagorod_n livonia_n in_o part_n as_o the_o rest_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n esten_n or_o estonie_a where_o be_v the_o part_n of_o esten_n febin_n vickeland_n pernajo_n habsel_n harneland_n revel_v wireland_n wiesenburg_n tolsburg_n alantack_n nerva_n nyslot_n jervenland_n wittenstein_n kikeland_n derpt_v let_v with_o its_o part_n and_o place_n as_o they_o lie_v towards_o the_o west_n riga_n segenwold_n wenden_n walmer_n towards_o the_o south_n koekenhaus_n creutzburg_n dunburg_n towards_o the_o east_n maryenburg_n scandinavia_n wherein_o be_v the_o estate_n of_o denmark_n and_o sweden_n scandinavia_n the_o extent_n bound_n etc._n etc._n of_o scandinavia_n scandia_n or_o scandinavia_n be_v only_o a_o peninsula_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o 56th_o degree_n of_o latitude_n unto_o or_o beyond_o the_o 71_o which_o be_v near_o 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very_o cold_a and_o consequent_o not_o over_o fertile_a nor_o afford_v good_a fruit_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o kingdom_n afford_v be_v fish_n hides_n tallow_n furniture_n for_o ship_n as_o pitch_n tar_n cordage_n mast_n etc._n etc._n also_o fir_n board_n wainscot_n several_a sort_n of_o armour_n etc._n etc._n virtute_fw-la non_fw-fr vi_o to_z the_o rt._n honorable_n 〈…〉_o lord_n 〈…〉_o &_o 〈…〉_o of_o 〈…〉_o dâ—â—â—â—â—_n &_o earl_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o l_o d_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n 1678_o of_o 〈…〉_o &_o young_a son_n of_o one_o of_o the_o danish_n king_n that_o come_v into_o england_n with_o william_n the_o conqueror_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o r_n b_o â—â—pp_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o dennmarke_n with_o its_o several_a diocese_n or_o province_n design_v by_o monsieur_n sanson_n geo_n inhabitant_n its_o inhabitant_n the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v of_o a_o good_a statute_n and_o complexion_n very_o healthful_a ingenious_a and_o of_o a_o ready_a wit_n very_o punctual_a in_o perform_v their_o promise_n proud_a and_o high_a conceit_a of_o their_o own_o worth_n lover_n of_o learning_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o those_o famous_a man_n it_o have_v breed_v viz._n tycho_n brahe_n the_o great_a mathematician_n john_n cluverus_n the_o renown_a philosopher_n and_o physician_n godfrey_n gottricus_n that_o stout_a warrior_n who_o not_o only_o settle_v the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o also_o shake_v the_o realm_n of_o france_n likewise_o waldemare_n christiern_n the_o second_o and_o four_o canutus_n and_o sueno_n which_o two_o last_n be_v the_o conqueror_n of_o england_n they_o be_v great_a punisher_n of_o offender_n especial_o theft_n and_o piracy_n their_o woman_n be_v of_o a_o comely_a grace_n very_o fair_a and_o as_o fruitful_a in_o child_n discreet_a and_o sober_a the_o peninsula_n call_v jvitland_n once_o cimbrica_n chersonesus_n juitland_n juitland_n from_o the_o cimbrian_o its_o ancient_a inhabitant_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o north_n and_o south_n juitland_n north_n jvitland_n be_v sever_v into_o the_o bishopric_n of_o ripen_v arthusen_n albourg_n and_o wibourg_n ripen_v diocese_n of_o ripen_v ripen_v contain_v 30_o prefecture_n or_o heret_n as_o they_o term_v they_o 7_o city_n or_o wall_a town_n and_o 10_o castle_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v 1._o ripen_v seat_v near_o the_o german_a ocean_n the_o chief_a place_n of_o the_o diocese_n and_o dignify_v with_o a_o episcopal_n see_v 2._o kolding_n seat_v on_o a_o creek_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n 3._o we_o will_v 4._o warde_n etc._n etc._n arthusen_n diocese_n of_o arthusen_n arthusen_n contain_v 31_o prefecture_n 7_o city_n or_o wall_a town_n and_o 5_o castle_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v 1._o arthusen_n seat_v on_o the_o baltic_a sea_n have_v a_o commodious_a and_o well_o frequent_v port_n and_o dignify_v with_o a_o episcopal_a see_n 2._o kalla_n a_o strong_a place_n seat_v in_o a_o large_a bay_n reach_v two_o dutch_a mile_n to_o the_o high_a hill_n of_o elemanberg_n opposite_a to_o which_o lie_v the_o isle_n of_o hilgones_n tuen_n samsoe_n hiarneo_n and_o hiolm_n etc._n etc._n 3._o horsen_n 4._o randersen_n 5._o ebelto_n and_o 6._o hobro_fw-la albourg_n diocese_n of_o albourg_n albourg_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n viz._n thyland_n who_o chief_a town_n be_v albourg_n seat_v on_o the_o bay_n of_o limford_n which_o open_v into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n extend_v itself_o through_o the_o main_a land_n almost_o to_o the_o german_a ocean_n 2._o hanebert_n on_o the_o northwest_n of_o limford_n bay_n contain_v 4_o prefecture_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n thystad_n 3._o morsee_v lie_v on_o the_o ocean_n contain_v 3_o prefecture_n the_o isle_n of_o ageroe_n the_o town_n of_o nicopin_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o lunstead_n and_o 4._o vensyssel_n according_a to_o mercator_n vandalorum_fw-la sedes_fw-la or_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o vandal_n contain_v 6_o prefecture_n 3_o town_n and_o 1_o castle_n viz._n selby_n cagen_n and_o hir_v wibourg_n diocese_n of_o wibourg_n wibourg_n contain_v 16_o prefecture_n the_o isle_n of_o egholm_n hansholm_n bodum_fw-la idgen_n cisland_n and_o ostholm_n also_o it_o have_v 3_o castle_n and_o as_o many_o city_n or_o wall_a town_n viz._n 1._o wibourg_n dignify_v with_o a_o episcopal_n see_v and_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n for_o both_o the_o juitlands_n the_o point_n of_o scagen_n or_o scene_n end_v this_o peninsula_n towards_o the_o north._n 2._o lemwick_n and_o 3._o holcker_n south_n jvitland_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o dukedom_n of_o sleswick_n and_o holstein_n sleswick_n a_o country_n for_o the_o most_o part_n level_v sleswick_n sleswick_n enrich_v with_o fertile_a field_n both_o for_o corn_n and_o pasturage_n it_o be_v very_o well_o provide_v with_o good_a bay_n on_o the_o baltic_a which_o be_v find_v commodious_a for_o merchant_n the_o chief_a place_n in_o this_o dukedom_n be_v 1._o sleswick_n seat_v on_o the_o slea_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o baltic_a where_o it_o have_v a_o commodious_a and_o well_o frequent_v haven_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a town_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o dukedom_n and_o honour_v with_o a_o episcopal_a see_n 2._o hussen_n seat_v on_o the_o german_a ocean_n 3._o sternberg_n the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n for_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n 4._o hadersleben_n seat_v on_o a_o navigable_a inlet_a of_o the_o baltic_a and_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a and_o fair_a castle_n 5._o flensborg_n seat_v on_o the_o baltic_a among_o high_a mountain_n have_v a_o port_n so_o commodious_a and_o deep_a that_o ship_n do_v lade_v and_o unlade_v close_o to_o their_o house_n and_o 6._o gottrop_n where_o there_o be_v a_o strong_a fort_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o sleswick_n seat_v at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o large_a bay_n of_o the_o baltic_a of_o note_n for_o the_o custom-house_n or_o tole-booth_n there_o erect_v for_o cattle_n send_v out_o of_o these_o part_n into_o germany_n holstein_n
dead_a within_o three_o hour_n after_o the_o life_n be_v depart_v unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o night_n so_o that_o then_o they_o let_v the_o corpse_n alone_o until_o the_o morning_n they_o wash_v or_o bathe_v the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a before_o they_o be_v inter_v in_o a_o great_a cestern_a burial_n ceremony_n in_o their_o burial_n which_o they_o have_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n near_o the_o church_n to_o which_o place_n they_o be_v carry_v on_o a_o bier_n in_o their_o clothes_n and_o after_o they_o be_v strip_v and_o wash_v they_o put_v they_o in_o clean_a linen_n anoint_v they_o and_o so_o bear_v they_o to_o the_o grave_a be_v accompany_v with_o his_o friend_n relation_n servant_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o order_n first_o go_v those_o of_o his_o blood_n rext_v his_o varlet_n who_o go_v naked_a to_o the_o waist_n the_o rest_n in_o trooze_n who_o to_o express_v their_o love_n scratch_n and_o burn_v their_o breast_n arm_n and_o other_o part_n so_o that_o the_o blood_n oft_o issue_v forth_o then_o follow_v many_o youth_n on_o who_o shoulder_n be_v affix_v some_o text_n take_v out_o of_o the_o alcoran_n together_o with_o elegy_n of_o the_o decease_a in_o the_o next_o place_n follow_v several_a person_n of_o the_o best_a rank_n each_o hold_v a_o cord_n that_o be_v affix_v to_o the_o hearse_n and_o on_o every_o side_n abundance_n of_o people_n bear_v in_o their_o hand_n garland_n of_o flower_n laurel_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o befit_v the_o season_n then_o follow_v some_o horseman_n half_o naked_a who_o oft_o time_n massacre_v their_o carcase_n and_o in_o the_o last_o place_n follow_v weeping-woman_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v hire_v to_o weep_v and_o howl_v the_o better_a to_o provoke_v other_o to_o passion_n and_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o grave_a the_o priest_n after_o he_o have_v perform_v several_a ceremony_n which_o he_o read_v out_o of_o the_o alcoran_n the_o corpse_n be_v inter_v with_o his_o head_n towards_o mecca_n his_o face_n towards_o heaven_n and_o his_o arm_n expanded_a as_o they_o say_v to_o embrace_v their_o prophet_n mahomet_n place_v two_o stone_n one_o at_o the_o head_n and_o the_o other_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o grave_a on_o which_o be_v engrave_v in_o arabic_a character_n the_o person_n name_n quality_n and_o time_n of_o burial_n and_o so_o take_v their_o leave_n but_o for_o a_o good_a while_n cease_v not_o to_o visit_v the_o grave_a twice_o a_o day_n beseech_v mahomet_n to_o succour_v he_o against_o his_o two_o bad_a angel_n of_o who_o they_o have_v this_o opinion_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o corpse_n be_v inter_v there_o be_v two_o hideous_a devil_n assail_v he_o the_o one_o they_o call_v muengar_n which_o be_v arm_v with_o a_o iron_n club_n and_o the_o other_o quarequar_fw-la arm_v with_o a_o hook_n of_o flame_v brass_n and_o in_o this_o horrid_a posture_n they_o view_v the_o carcase_n and_o in_o a_o insolent_a manner_n command_v he_o to_o raise_v his_o head_n to_o fall_v prostrate_a upon_o his_o knee_n and_o beg_v his_o soul_n which_o then_o re-enter_v the_o body_n and_o give_v a_o account_n unto_o they_o of_o all_o the_o action_n of_o his_o life_n and_o upon_o examination_n and_o confession_n if_o it_o appear_v that_o his_o life_n be_v good_a they_o vanish_v away_o like_a spirit_n and_o two_o good_a angel_n come_v apparel_v in_o white_a to_o be_v a_o comfort_n unto_o he_o and_o protect_v he_o until_o the_o day_n of_o doom_n not_o stir_v from_o he_o but_o sit_v one_o at_o his_o head_n and_o the_o other_o at_o his_o foot_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o it_o happen_v that_o his_o life_n be_v find_v bad_a than_o these_o infernal_a imp_n be_v his_o tormentor_n the_o one_o knock_v he_o on_o the_o head_n such_o blow_n with_o his_o iron_n club_n as_o beat_v he_o as_o they_o say_v ten_o yard_n into_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o other_o drag_v he_o up_o with_o his_o flame_v hook_n and_o thus_o be_v he_o knock_v down_o by_o one_o and_o drag_v up_o by_o the_o other_o until_o mahomet_n send_v he_o a_o deliverance_n and_o this_o as_o sir_n tho._n herbert_n relate_v in_o his_o book_n of_o travel_n be_v their_o belief_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a i_o doubt_v they_o will_v have_v many_o a_o sound_a knock_n and_o tear_a place_n before_o their_o delivery_n to_o person_n of_o quality_n they_o observe_v more_o ceremony_n than_o to_o those_o of_o the_o ordinary_a degree_n make_v feast_n on_o the_o three_o seven_o and_o forty_o day_n after_o the_o corpse_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o grave_a at_o which_o feast_n they_o be_v charitable_a to_o the_o poor_a in_o their_o alm_n deed_n power_n the_o king_n of_o persia_n his_o power_n the_o king_n of_o persia_n govern_v by_o a_o absolute_a power_n dispose_v of_o the_o life_n and_o estate_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o best_a please_v he_o make_v his_o will_n his_o law_n not_o any_o one_o dare_v so_o much_o as_o to_o murmur_v though_o his_o action_n be_v never_o so_o much_o unjust_a their_o king_n come_v to_o the_o government_n by_o succession_n and_o not_o by_o election_n insomuch_o that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v no_o child_n which_o be_v lawful_o beget_v as_o by_o his_o wife_n for_o want_v of_o such_o those_o of_o his_o concubine_n shall_v succeed_v he_o king_n the_o coronation_n of_o their_o king_n upon_o the_o coronation_n of_o their_o king_n among_o other_o ceremony_n he_o be_v present_v with_o a_o crown_n by_o one_o of_o their_o chief_a lord_n which_o he_o take_v put_v it_o to_o his_o forehead_n and_o after_o kiss_v it_o thrice_o in_o the_o name_n of_o mahomet_n and_o of_o aaly_n he_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o grand_a master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o put_v it_o on_o his_o head_n the_o people_n make_v great_a shout_n and_o acclamation_n kiss_v his_o foot_n and_o present_v he_o with_o great_a present_n which_o do_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n they_o spend_v in_o feast_v and_o other_o jovialty_n but_o in_o all_o their_o ceremony_n there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o oath_n impose_v upon_o he_o as_o for_o his_o well_o govern_v they_o and_o keep_v and_o preserve_v their_o fundamental_a law_n and_o other_o of_o their_o right_n as_o among_o we_o do_v but_o all_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o sole_a power_n as_o be_v absolute_a there_o be_v belong_v to_o the_o court_n several_a officer_n as_o chancellor_z secretary_n of_o state_n controller_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n master_n of_o the_o ceremony_n together_o with_o several_a other_o officer_n justice_n their_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o their_o justice_n as_o among_o our_o court_n be_v find_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v decide_v by_o the_o king_n but_o first_o try_v by_o the_o secular_a judge_n who_o examine_v the_o same_o and_o deliver_v up_o their_o opinion_n to_o the_o king_n they_o have_v several_a strict_a and_o severe_a punishment_n which_o they_o inflict_v upon_o the_o offender_n according_a to_o the_o heinousness_n of_o their_o crime_n for_o some_o offence_n they_o cut_v off_o the_o ear_n or_o nose_n sometime_o the_o foot_n or_o 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motion_n of_o the_o star_n about_o the_o earth_n 5._o no_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v why_o the_o star_n can_v be_v move_v about_o the_o earth_n when_o as_o contrariwise_o there_o may_v some_o reason_n be_v give_v why_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n may_v be_v move_v about_o the_o sun_n axil_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o axil_n 6._o neither_o be_v the_o pole_n nor_o axil_n real_a about_o which_o the_o star_n be_v determine_v to_o be_v move_v contrariwise_o in_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v both_o pole_n and_o axil_n west_n the_o sail_v of_o ship_n from_o west_n to_o east_n more_o easy_a than_o from_o east_n to_o west_n 7._o because_o the_o sail_v of_o ship_n from_o west_n to_o east_n be_v more_o easy_a than_o from_o east_n to_o west_n for_o out_o of_o europe_n into_o the_o indies_n they_o sail_v in_o about_o four_o month_n when_o as_o in_o their_o return_n home_o it_o be_v about_o six_o month_n and_o this_o be_v because_o in_o their_o voyage_n thither_o they_o be_v carry_v or_o move_v into_o the_o same_o point_n with_o the_o earth_n but_o in_o their_o return_n they_o be_v move_v or_o carry_v into_o the_o contrary_n declare_v from_o the_o move_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o celestial_a appearance_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v declare_v 8._o because_o all_o the_o celestial_a appearance_n the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o star_n the_o increase_n or_o lengthen_v of_o the_o day_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v evident_o declare_v if_o we_o maintain_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v move_v but_o most_o especial_o the_o commodiousness_n and_o necessity_n of_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v see_v in_o those_o admirable_a property_n of_o the_o planet_n to_o explicate_v which_o the_o ptolomaick_n be_v compel_v to_o invent_v many_o circle_n epicycle_n and_o eccentrick_n without_o any_o reason_n but_o the_o copernican_n do_v so_o derive_v they_o from_o the_o second_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n about_o the_o sun_n with_o easy_a labour_n insomuch_o that_o thereby_o they_o can_v make_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o manifest_a and_o so_o easy_a that_o the_o very_a unlearned_a may_v understand_v they_o to_o wit_n first_o why_o the_o planet_n may_v seem_v sometime_o to_o be_v retrograde_a or_o go_v backward_o and_o indeed_o saturn_n often_o and_o long_o than_o jupiter_n jupiter_n than_o mars_n etc._n etc._n sometime_o to_o be_v carry_v with_o a_o swift_a motion_n and_o sometime_o to_o be_v stationary_a 2_o why_o venus_n and_o mercury_n can_v never_o the_o whole_a night_n long_o be_v see_v 3_o why_o venus_n can_v never_o depart_v any_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sun_n than_o â—0_n degree_n but_o mercury_n no_o great_a than_o thirty_o degree_n and_o therefore_o those_o two_o planet_n can_v never_o be_v see_v to_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o sun_n four_o why_o venus_n in_o the_o evening_n
of_o the_o same_o day_n after_o the_o sun_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v see_v i_o forbear_v to_o bring_v hither_o any_o more_o appearance_n but_o they_o be_v the_o principal_a from_o which_o i_o think_v a_o argument_n of_o great_a moment_n may_v be_v fetch_v for_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o as_o by_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n they_o may_v be_v so_o commodious_o declare_v that_o it_o shall_v rather_o be_v admire_v if_o the_o earth_n can_v not_o be_v move_v by_o such_o evident_a appearance_n these_o be_v the_o easy_a argument_n by_o which_o the_o copernican_n will_v evince_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o although_o they_o be_v not_o demonstrative_a yet_o they_o make_v this_o hypothesis_n more_o probable_a than_o that_o which_o determine_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v move_v for_o one_o of_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v admit_v ptolomaians_n the_o reason_n of_o â—ome_o against_o the_o move_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o ptolomaians_n but_o these_o reason_n which_o some_o man_n to_o wit_n the_o ptolomaians_n allege_v to_o the_o contrary_a be_v easy_o dissolve_v which_o be_v these_o first_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v unfitting_a for_o motion_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o ponderosity_n second_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v natural_o move_v with_o a_o strait_a motion_n to_o the_o centre_n therefore_o a_o circular_a motion_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n thereof_o three_o if_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v move_v a_o stone_n cast_v down_o from_o a_o tower_n can_v not_o fall_v to_o the_o foot_n thereof_o four_o a_o bullet_n shoot_v out_o of_o a_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n towards_o the_o east_n at_o some_o mark_n it_o can_v not_o come_v home_o to_o it_o or_o hit_v it_o if_o the_o mark_n with_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o east_n or_o at_o least_o the_o hit_v the_o mark_n shall_v be_v more_o swift_a than_o if_o the_o bullet_n be_v shoot_v towards_o the_o east_n five_o neither_o the_o tower_n nor_o building_n can_v stand_v steadfast_a but_o will_v fall_v by_o reason_n of_o that_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n neither_o can_v man_n be_v without_o giidiness_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o whirl_a about_o of_o the_o earth_n six_o because_o we_o see_v that_o the_o star_n change_v their_o place_n but_o not_o the_o earth_n seven_o because_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n but_o the_o centre_n be_v not_o move_v eight_o because_o the_o holy_a scripture_n do_v confirm_v the_o stability_n or_o steadfastness_n of_o the_o earth_n copernican_n the_o aforesaid_a reason_n of_o the_o ptolomaians_n answer_v by_o the_o copernican_n yet_o indeed_o the_o copernican_n to_o these_o argument_n use_v to_o answer_v after_o this_o manner_n to_o the_o first_o they_o answer_v deny_v the_o whole_a earth_n to_o be_v heavy_a for_o ponderosity_n be_v a_o tendency_n of_o the_o part_n to_o their_o whole_a homogeneous_a of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o such_o a_o heaviness_n be_v also_o discover_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o neither_o the_o sun_n nor_o moon_n be_v say_v to_o be_v heavy_a to_o the_o second_o they_o answer_v that_o that_o right_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n not_o of_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o the_o circular_a motion_n thereof_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o straight_o carry_v of_o those_o part_n which_o be_v evidence_v by_o the_o part_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n to_o the_o three_o argument_n they_o reply_v in_o a_o threefold_a manner_n first_o that_o such_o heavy_a thing_n be_v not_o primary_o carry_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o be_v bear_v by_o a_o very_a short_a line_n to_o the_o superficies_n thereof_o as_o iron_n tend_v not_o to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o loadstone_n but_o to_o the_o loadstone_n second_o the_o whole_a air_n cleave_v to_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v move_v together_o with_o she_o therefore_o all_o such_o heavy_a thing_n be_v throw_v together_o downward_o get_v this_o circular_a motion_n and_o be_v move_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o vessel_n and_o three_o therein_o the_o opinion_n of_o gassendus_fw-la therein_o gassendus_fw-la by_o frequent_a experience_n have_v demonstrate_v that_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v cast_v from_o a_o move_a body_n that_o which_o be_v so_o cast_v be_v also_o move_v with_o that_o motion_n of_o the_o move_v body_n as_o for_o example_n a_o stone_n throw_v down_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mast_n of_o a_o ship_n move_v most_o swift_o be_v nevertheless_o not_o leave_v by_o the_o ship_n but_o fall_v down_o to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mast_n and_o from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mast_n a_o bullet_n be_v shoot_v perpendicular_o out_o of_o a_o hand-gun_n fall_v again_o perpendicular_o therefore_o the_o allege_a objection_n be_v nothing_o worth_a to_o the_o four_o reason_n they_o answer_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o unto_o the_o three_o to_o the_o five_o they_o say_v that_o some_o such_o thing_n have_v no_o place_n because_o the_o motion_n be_v equal_a neither_o do_v it_o dash_v against_o another_o body_n and_o the_o building_n as_o it_o be_v heavy_a body_n and_o homogeneous_a or_o of_o like_a to_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v as_o in_o a_o ship_n for_o we_o find_v in_o a_o ship_n move_v very_o swift_o or_o slow_o the_o body_n set_v upright_o therein_o be_v not_o overthrow_v yea_o cup_n and_o pot_n full_a of_o wine_n or_o other_o liquor_n shed_v nothing_o thereof_o at_o all_o to_o the_o six_o we_o say_v that_o the_o change_n of_o the_o star_n place_n be_v not_o perceive_v but_o we_o find_v the_o change_n of_o their_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o ourselves_o but_o this_o mutation_n of_o position_n may_v be_v observe_v and_o be_v whether_o we_o be_v move_v with_o the_o earth_n or_o the_o star_n be_v move_v we_o be_v steadfast_a or_o also_o both_o we_o and_o the_o star_n in_o the_o seven_o objection_n both_o the_o major_a and_o minor_a proposition_n be_v false_a or_o at_o least_o doubtful_a to_o the_o eight_o they_o reply_v first_o that_o the_o holy_a scripiure_fw-fr in_o physical_a or_o natural_a thing_n do_v speak_v according_a to_o appearance_n and_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o vulgar_a for_o example_n when_o the_o moon_n with_o the_o sun_n be_v call_v a_o great_a light_n because_o it_o be_v create_v to_o give_v light_n to_o the_o night_n moon_n of_o the_o moon_n whenas_o indeed_o the_o moon_n be_v not_o great_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o star_n and_o earth_n neither_o have_v she_o any_o light_n of_o she_o own_o proper_a nature_n nor_o do_v she_o give_v light_a in_o all_o night_n to_o the_o earth_n so_o the_o scripture_n say_v sun_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o the_o sun_n go_v to_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o he_o return_v to_o that_o end_n again_o when_o as_o notwithstanding_o there_o be_v no_o such_o end_n or_o furthermost_a part_n so_o in_o the_o book_n of_o job_n a_o plane_n and_o square_a figure_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o earth_n under_o who_o pillar_n be_v set_v upon_o which_o it_o lean_v which_o indeed_o must_v not_o at_o all_o be_v so_o understand_v as_o the_o very_a vulgar_a well_o know_v there_o may_v more_o place_n be_v allege_v hither_o but_o these_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o holy_a scripture_n be_v not_o give_v to_o we_o thereby_o to_o play_v the_o philosopher_n but_o to_o practise_v piety_n second_o certain_a place_n of_o scripture_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v allege_v which_o speak_v not_o concern_v the_o immobility_n thereof_o but_o concern_v its_o constancy_n and_o durance_n as_o that_o place_n which_o we_o have_v bring_v hither_o out_o of_o job_n thus_o have_v we_o brief_o declare_v of_o what_o sort_n the_o motion_n may_v be_v which_o the_o copernican_n ascribe_v to_o the_o earth_n of_o which_o a_o more_o exquisite_a explication_n be_v usual_o give_v in_o astronomy_n but_o that_o be_v suppose_v all_o those_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v consider_v in_o a_o globe_n turn_v round_o about_o globe_n of_o the_o axil_n pole_n periphery_n parallel_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o globe_n to_o wit_n the_o axil_n about_o which_o it_o be_v turn_v be_v one_o of_o the_o diameter_n the_o pole_n be_v the_o extremity_n or_o two_o point_n which_o be_v not_o move_v the_o great_a circle_n or_o periphery_n according_a to_o which_o the_o circumrotation_n or_o wheel_v about_o be_v make_v and_o its_o parallel_n now_o let_v we_o see_v concern_v the_o swiftness_n of_o that_o motion_n the_o first_o motion_n by_o which_o the_o earth_n be_v turn_v round_o about_o his_o axil_n can_v be_v see_v and_o consider_v in_o the_o whole_a earth_n at_o once_o etc._n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n its_o difference_n swiftness_n etc._n etc._n but_o in_o divers_a