Selected quad for the lemma: day_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
day_n	degree_n	hour_n	longitude_n	5,383	5	13.5790	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36910	The Young-students-library containing extracts and abridgments of the most valuable books printed in England, and in the forreign journals, from the year sixty five, to this time : to which is added a new essay upon all sorts of learning ... / by the Athenian Society ; also, a large alphabetical table, comprehending the contents of this volume, and of all the Athenian Mercuries and supplements, etc., printed in the year 1691.	Dunton, John, 1659-1733.; Hove, Frederick Hendrick van, 1628?-1698.; Athenian Society (London, England)	1692 (1692)	Wing D2635; ESTC R35551	984,688	524

a Tempest of its Cannons which are plac'd very low which cannot be done in other Ships 3. When it is calm the Ship will go with Oars betwixt these two little ones beneath the Platform Besides the Oars which may be used without-Side as it happeneth every Day to others 4. Because this Ship will be equally proper to serve in War or Merchandise And as it will be lighter than others it is very useful to carry News to any Place that they have occasion to convey it to Relieve a Besieged Place or go to spy out the Enemy and even in Battle it will have many Advantages as easily may be imagined That which is the most feared in this Vessel is breaking asunder For in fine a considerable Space being betwixt the two Vessels whereof the Ship is composed it is feared the Waves which meet there with great Force will separate them But as this Objection was made as soon as the Structure of this Ship was proposed he that undertook it hath as he says taken such Care to provide against this Accident that he thinks it is the least thing to be feared And certainly if there is no secret Cause that retards its Course or renders its Navigation more perilous there is no apparent Reason which hinders the succeeding of the Enterprise In this Case a great many things must be changed in Naval Architecture which hath been hitherto observed And Wits will have Subject enough to exercise themselves in the Disquisition of the Causes of the Motion which will meet in the Agitation of this Ship An Extract of two Letters one written from London and the other from the Hague concerning the Vse of Pendulums to find out the Longitude upon the Sea BEfore I give the Extract of these two Letters we must say two or three Words of the Longitude in favour of those who are not well acquainted with these kinds of Subjects One of the greatest Philosophers of these latter Ages has observed That of all Arts Navigation is the most Perfect and that which can receive the least Addition Yet nevertheless there are many Defects observed in it The chief is That Pilots having lost sight of the Land and knowing not where they are run the hazard of loosing themselves for if the Compass and the height observed teach at what Distance they are from the North and South and that so the Latitude is easily distinguished yet no means could hitherto be invented by which the Longitude could be precisely known viz. what Distance one is from the East or West Nevertheless seeing it would be impossible to Navigate if there was not at least an imperfect Knowledge thereof Pilots are reduced to make a Journal from Hour to Hour to mark what Wind they have made use of and observe the Violence and Impetuosity of Currents through which they have passed Therefore they hold a very exact Register of these things and afterwards computing their Journals they judge by the Estimation of the Way which they have gone towards the East or West and thus they conjecture at what Distance they are from it But as this manner is very uncertain and that the best Pilots agree but very seldom in their Reckoning they often lose themselves in Places against Rocks which they think themselves very far from So that it may be judged of what consequence it would be to discover a certain Means to find out the Longitude seeing after that the Place may be precisely known in what part of the Sea soever one is and so we might Sail in great Security This is what Mr. Huggens hath found out by means of the Pendulum All the World knows its Exactness that it fails not one Moment And as soon as it appeared it was not doubted but it would serve to find out the Longitude provided a means could be invented of carrying it on the Sea without its losing any thing of the Regularity of its Motion For suppose this exactness it is certain that if in parting from the Port the Pendulum's adjusted to the Hour it is in the Port from which the Longitude and Latitude is known when one is on the Main Sea it will be easie to know by the Sun or the Stars the Hour of the Day at the Place where one is and in comparing this Hour with the Hour it was at the Port whence one parted as it is given by the Pendulum the Longitude will be found without Trouble For as it is known how many Degrees of Longitude the Sun makes in one Hour one may infallibly determine by the Difference of the Hours how far one is towards the East or West and then to judge by the Map of the Distance of the Place where one is from all the other Places which are marked in the Map An Extract of a Letter written from London January 1665. CAptain Holmes is at last arrived and the Relation he made us of the Experiment of the Pendulums makes us confident they will succeed He parted from the Isle of St. Thomas which is under the Line accompanied with four Vessels He was obliged to gain the Wind proper for his Return toward the West and to sail six hundred Leagues without changing his Road After which finding the Wind favourable he drew towards the Coasts of Africk directly to North-North-East But as he had made about four or five hundred Leagues upon this Rumb the Pilots of the three Ships which were under his Conduct fearing they should lack Water before they arrived at the Place intended proposed to him to go and take Water in at the Barbados Hereupon this Captain having assembled them and made them bring their Journals they found themselves distant in their Reckoning from his one eighty Leagues the other one hundred and the other one hundred and twenty for this Captain judged by the Pendulums that he was not much more than thirty Leagues from the Isle of Fuego which is one of those of the Green-Cape which these Pilots judged then to be very far off And because he had an entire Confidence in these Clocks he maintained that they should continue their Road and the next Day in the Morning the Isle appeared according to his Expectation An Extract of a Letter written from the Hague the fifth of February 1665. CAptain Holmes at his Return hath given such Relations concerning the Usefulness of Pendulums as surpassed my Expectation I did not imagine that the Clocks of this first Construction would succeed so well and I reserved my chief Hope for the New But seeing those have already been so successful and that the others are more exact I have the more reason to believe that the Invention of the Longitude will be in its utmost Perfection Nevertheless I shall inform you concerning what you desired to know of the manner wherewith the Gentlemen of the States received my Proposition when I asked them for the Priviledge of New Clocks and such a settled Price on the Invention in case of Success

willing yet to impart to you an Invention that I find new which they make use of to blow the Fire in the Brass Forges of Friouli near Rome It is the Water which bloweth the Fire not in moving the Bellows as is commonly done but by making a Wind. There is a River from whence proceeds a Fall of Water which is received into a Tub out of the Side of this Tub comes a Pipe like the Nose of a Pair of Bellows on the upper-side of the Pipe there is a Hole with a Stopple to stop or unstop it at pleasure the Tub empties itself under Ground when the Hole in the Pipe is stopped at its Mouth comes out incessantly a great Wind and when the Mouth of it is stopped the Wind comes out with such Violence by the unstopped Hole in the Top of the Pipe that I believe it would make a Ball leap as that does of Frescati An Extract of an English Iournal containing Instructions for those who take great Voyages upon the Sea THE Design of the Royal Society being according to its Establishment to apply it self to the Search of Nature and conformably unto the Observations made upon divers Phoenomenas and the effects thereof which were observed by 'em to compose a Natural History that might serve for a Foundation to establish a solid and profitable Philosophy they have from Time to Time given Orders to divers of their Members not only to labour after the Search of Remarkable Things which they might meet with in Foreign Countries but also to give some Instructions for Private Men who should have the same Curiosity It is for this End that considering the great Advantages which might be drawn from Voyages that shall be made for the future into all Parts of the World Mr. Rooke was heretofore chosen and charged with the Care of giving some Advice to those who go to the East or West Indies the better to enable them to make such Remarks as might contribute to the Accomplishment of their Design After which they desired the Mariners to keep an exact Register of these Observations which at their Return they should give two Copies of one to the High Admiral and the other to Trinity-House to be revised by the Royal Society Therefore Mr. Rooke before he dyed acquitting himself of his Commission and having made up a Memorial according to the Order which he had received thereupon it was thought fit to publish it and to give a Copy thereof to all the Mariners in the ensuing Form I. To observe the Declination of the Compass or the Variation of the Needle to the Meridian marking as exactly as possible the Place wherein the Observation shall be made and the Method which shall be used to make it II. That they should carry with them Needles of a good Temper and well-touched with a Load-Stone and to remark after the same manner the Inclination of the Needle III. To observe carefully the Ebbing and Flowing of the Sea in as many Places as they are able with all the Ordinary and Extraordinary Accidents of the Tide as what is the prefix'd Time of its Ebbing and Flowing in the Rivers or Promontories or Capes what way the Current of the Water takes what perpendicular Distance there is betwixt the highest and lowest Tide what Day of the Moon and what Time of the Year falleth out the highest or lowest Tide so of the other Accidents which may be observed in the Tides chiefly near the Ports and about the Isles IV. To make Draughts and Descriptions of the Aspect of the Coasts Promontories of the Isles and Ports marking the Approaches and Distances as exactly as possible V. To Sound and Observe the Depth of the Coasts Ports and other such like Places near the Shore as they shall think fit VI. To endeavour to know the Nature of the Earth which is at the Bottom of the Sea and to sound it after all the ways to know if it be Mud Sand or Rock VII To make a Memorandum of all the Changes of Winds and Tides which happen at every Hour of Day and Night marking the Point or the Place whence the Wind comes and if it be strong or weak as also the Rains Hails Snow and such like Things with the precise Time of their beginning and continuance but chiefly to have a great Care to remark regular Winds in what Degree of Longitude and Latitude they begin at first where or when they cease or change and become stronger or weaker and by how much which ought to be done as exactly as possible VIII To observe and put in Writing all the extraordinary Meteors such as are Lightnings Thunders Comets and false Fires always remarking the Place and Time of their Apparition and Duration IX To carry about them good Ballances and Viols that contain near a Pint and have a very narrow Neck which shall be filled with Sea-Water in different Degrees of Latitude as shall be thought convenient and to remark carefully the Heaviness of the Viol full of Water taken at each Time and especially the Degree of Latitude and the Day of the Month. An Extract of an English Iournal containing some Observations made by Mr. Boyle and taken from one of his Letters about the Baroscope and the manner of Weighing the Air. I Shall make no Difficulty to say That I have hitherto found nothing that presages more certainly and makes known so exactly the Changes of the Time which happen after a long and constant serenity than the Baroscope I know not also whether in the most clear and serene Climates this Instrument might not be absolutely infallible for in these Northern Isles the Clouds are so little and discharge sometimes so suddenly that often the Weight of the whole Atmosphere of the Air receives thereby so small an Alteration that we are deceived therein and cannot find out the true Causes of the Constancy or Change of Air Therefore I should desire to see some good Kalendar or Journal made at Tangiers or in some other of our Northern Places or meridional ones of America At least I can affirm That after having tryed all sorts of Hydroscopes whereof I have a great Quantity and observed carefully the sweating of Marble and as many other famous Prognosticks as I have heard spoken of I have at last found out That there is none which comes near the Excellency of the Barometer to signifie the Changes of the Times which are to happen 2. To confirm what I have advanced I am willing here to give some Remarks which I have made The Weather appeared extreamly charged the fourth of last Ianuary but yet more on the seventh and it remained the following Days so gloomy that all the World believed certainly that we should have Rain nevertheless I observed then That the Mercury of my Baroscope did not fall down and that notwithstanding the Mists which sometime appeared pretty Thick and some Drops of Rain which fell it remained very high which made me

'T was thus I took a Vessel full of Water the depth of four Inches the Diameter whereof was seven inches 2 10 in which I placed a Thermometer Afterwards by the means of a Cha●ing-Dish full of hot Coals I brought the Water to the same degree of Heat as we feel in the hottest Summer as appeared by the Thermometer That being done I ty'd this Vessel without taking any thing out of it to one end of the Beam of a Ballance and put on the other side Weights exactly of the same heaviness It was easy to preserve the same Degree of Heat in the Water by the Chafing Dish of Coals either drawing it nearer or putting it at a farther distance I soon observed that the Weight of the Water sensibly diminished and in about 2 Hours space 233 Grains of Water was evaporated altho' no Fume was observ'd to ascend and the Water appear'd not hot to the touch This quantity of Water evaporating in so small a time seems very considerable for it follows from thence that in 24 Hours it wou'd evaporate six Ounces of Water from so small a Surface which was a Circle of 8 Inches Diameter To draw an exact Computation from this Experiment and to determine the greatness of the quantity of the Water that is thus evaporated I made use of the Experiment that Doctor Bernard affirmed to have been made at Oxford It is That the quantity of Water of the bigness of a Cubic Foot weighs 76 Pounds of Troy weight This number being divided by 1728. which is the Number of the Cubic Inches contain'd in this Foot gives 253 Grains and ⅓ or one ½ Ounce 13 Grains ⅓ for the weight of a Cubic Inch of Water The weight then of 233 Grains is 233 253 or 35 parts of a Cubic Inch divided into 38. Now the Area of a Circle the Diameter whereof is 7 Inches 2 10 contains 49 Inches square by which dividing the quantity of the evaporated Water viz. 35 38 of an Inch the Quotient is 38 1862 or 1 5.3 from whence it appears the quantity of this Water is the 53 part of an Inch but for the facility of the Calculation we will suppose it is but the 60 part If then the Water as hot as the Air is in Summer exhales the 60 part of an Inch in two Hours from the Surface described in twelve Hours it will exhale the 10 part a sufficient quantity to furnish all Rains Fountains and Dews This Calculation may even suppose the Sea without its diminishing or overflowing like the Caspian Sea which is always of an equal height and supposing also the Current which they say is always in the Streights of Gibralter altho' the Mediterranean Sea receives a great number of considerable Rivers To make an estimation of the quantity of Water which is exhaled by Vapours from the Sea I believe one need only consider it during the time the Sun is up for as for the Night as much Water falls in Dews or even more than it draws up in Vapours during that time It is true that the Summer days are above 12 Hours but this length of the day is counter-ballanced by the weakness of the action of the Sun when it is up and before the Water is hot Thus if I suppose that if it raises every day in Vapours 1 10 of an Inch the Extent already observed from the Sea this Supposition cannot be rejected According to this Hypothesis 10 Inches square from the Surface of the Water will furnish every day in Vapours a Cubic Inch of Water each Foot the square whereof produces half a Pint 4 Feet square Gallon a Mile square 6914 Tuns and a Degree square supposing it to be 60 English Miles will exhale in Vapours 33 Millions of Tuns If we give to the Mediterranean 40 Degrees in length and 4 Degrees in breadth in respect to those Places that are broader and those that are narrower the least without doubt that can be given will be a 160 Degrees square and by consequence all the Mediterranean Sea in a Summers day will emit in Vapours 5280 Millions of Tuns This quantity of Vapours altho' very great is however the least that can be supposed according to the Experiment that I have related It is true there is another thing that one cannot reduce to certain Rules it is the Winds which from the Surface of the Water take more Particles than the Heat of the Sun evaporates as may be easily conceived if we do but reflect on the Winds which sometimes blow It is very difficult to make a true estimation of the quantity of Water that the Mediterranean Sea receives from the Rivers that fall into it unless one had some way to measure the Mouths of the Rivers and their Rapidity All that can be done in this Affair is rather to give 'em a greater quantity of Water than indeed they have than to take from them that is to suppose 'em greater than they are according to all appearance and afterwards to compare the quantity of Water that the Thames carries into the Sea with that of those Rivers which we shall calculate The Mediterranean Sea receives these nine considerable Rivers the Eber the Rhone Tyber the Po the Danube the Nester the Boristhenus the Tanais and the Nile others being neither so celebrated nor so large Wee 'l suppose that each of these nine Rivers have ten times as much Water as the Thames not that there are any that have really ten times as much but to comprehend in our Calculation other Rivers that are less which discharge themselves into the Mediterranean the bigness of which we can no otherwise make any estimation of To measure the Water of the Thames I take it at Kingston Bridg where the Reflux never happens and where the Water always runs downwards The breadth of it is 100 Yards and its depth 3 supposing it every where equal in which computation I am certain I give it rather more Extent than it really has The Water is then in this place 300 Yards square that multiplied by 48 thousand is I believe the quantity of Water that is drawn up admitting 2000 each Hour or 84480 Yards give 25344000 Yards of Water which will be drain'd in a day that is 2030000 Tuns each day I am persuaded that by what I have added more to the Channel of this River than it really hath I have sufficiently compensated by comprehending therein the Rivers of Brent Lea Wandal and of Darwent which are of some Consideration and which discharge themselves into the Thames below Kingston Bridg. Now if every one of these nine Rivers had ten times more Water than the Thames it wou'd it follow that from each River wou'd every day run into the Sea 203 Millions of Tuns and that the whole will be but 1827 Millions of Tuns which is but a little more than the third part of what I have shewn is evaporated out of the Mediterranean Sea in 12 Hours time The