to_o oppose_v first_o the_o author_n be_v main_a reason_n for_o the_o oval_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n seem_v not_o to_o i_o to_o hold_v good_a where_o he_o say_v 8._o in_o his_o latin_a copy_n since_o the_o bulk_n of_o water_n in_o the_o first_o formation_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o it_o be_v yet_o a_o aqueous_a globe_n be_v much_o more_o agitate_a under_o the_o aequator_fw-la than_o the_o water_n towards_o the_o pole_n where_o it_o make_v less_o circle_n those_o part_n so_o great_o agitate_a endeavour_v to_o recede_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o their_o motion_n since_o they_o can_v not_o whole_o spring_v up_o and_o fly_v away_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o air_n every_o where_o press_v on_o they_o nor_o much_o flow_n back_o without_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o say_a air_n they_o can_v not_o otherwise_o disengage_v themselves_o than_o by_o flow_v off_o to_o the_o side_n and_o so_o make_v the_o aqueous_a globe_n somewhat_o oval_a this_o i_o say_v be_v contrary_a to_o experiment_n for_o 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than_o 450_o mile_n deep_a at_o each_o pole_n to_o make_v any_o thing_n of_o a_o oval_n now_o to_o say_v that_o any_o detrusion_n of_o water_n towards_o the_o pole_n by_o the_o resistance_n of_o of_o the_o superambient_a air_n can_v form_v a_o mountain_n of_o water_n at_o each_o of_o the_o say_a pole_n about_o 450_o mile_n in_o height_n above_o their_o spherical_a convexity_n seem_v to_o i_o a_o strange_a and_o unaccountable_a paradox_n in_o hydrography_n especial_o the_o orb_n under_o the_o abyss_n be_v suppose_v spherical_a as_o the_o author_n have_v represent_v it_o in_o all_o his_o scheme_n so_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o bear_v on_o the_o detrusion_n of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v true_a as_o the_o author_n say_v in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n warren_n we_o see_v the_o water_n flow_v towards_o and_o upon_o the_o shore_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n under_o the_o moon_n though_o it_o be_v a_o ascent_n both_o upon_o the_o land_n and_o into_o the_o river_n but_o i_o answer_v this_o flow_a be_v only_o to_o the_o height_n of_o some_o few_o fathom_n and_o beside_o it_o be_v maintain_v by_o a_o bulk_n of_o water_n then_o swell_v in_o the_o sea_n near_o as_o high_a as_o any_o protrude_v on_o the_o land_n and_o carry_v a_o pondus_fw-la able_a to_o support_v they_o but_o what_o force_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o support_v a_o body_n of_o water_n in_o a_o violent_a state_n carried_z 450_o mile_n in_o height_n above_o their_o natural_a tendency_n as_o they_o all_o be_v when_o past_a the_o spherical_a convexity_n for_o the_o author_n own_v the_o demonstration_n of_o archimedes_n concern_v the_o spherical_a figure_n of_o water_n to_o be_v true_a and_o say_v that_o a_o fluid_a body_n be_v it_o water_n or_o any_o other_o liquor_n always_o cast_v itself_o into_o a_o smooth_a and_o spherical_a surface_n and_o if_o any_o part_n by_o chance_n or_o by_o some_o agitation_n become_v high_a than_o the_o rest_n they_o do_v not_o continue_v so_o long_o but_o glide_v down_o every_o way_n into_o the_o low_a place_n till_o they_o all_o come_v to_o make_v a_o surface_n of_o the_o same_o height_n and_o of_o the_o same_o distance_n every_o where_o from_o the_o centre_n by_o what_o agitation_n or_o resistance_n then_o of_o the_o superambient_a air_n can_v water_n be_v drive_v on_o and_o hold_v together_o for_o 450_o miles_n ascent_n in_o the_o open_a air_n so_o as_o not_o to_o diverge_n and_o fall_v off_o by_o their_o natural_a tendency_n beside_o if_o according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o the_o author_n allow_v his_o abyss_n orb_n to_o be_v 450_o mile_n deep_a at_o the_o pole_n he_o must_v allow_v it_o of_o a_o depth_n proportional_a to_o its_o oval_a figure_n in_o its_o other_o part_n and_o so_o for_o his_o orb_n of_o earth_n and_o how_o this_o can_v stand_v with_o the_o proportion_n he_o seem_v to_o assign_v to_o his_o orb_n according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v set_v forth_o l._n 1._o c._n 6._o and_o how_o a_o deluge_n according_a to_o these_o proportion_n can_v be_v cause_v and_o the_o water_n go_v off_o so_o as_o to_o make_v a_o habitable_a world_n may_v require_v his_o consideration_n again_o since_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o the_o author_n hypothesis_n move_v always_o in_o the_o aequinox_n before_o the_o flood_n will_v constant_o have_v hold_v as_o remote_a if_o not_o more_o from_o the_o suppose_a rainy_a region_n than_o it_o be_v now_o from_o we_o in_o the_o depth_n of_o winter_n and_o since_o we_o find_v the_o mountain_n now_o which_o be_v of_o any_o considerable_a height_n even_o in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n be_v so_o cold_a that_o they_o be_v general_o cover_v with_o snow_n notwithstanding_o the_o sun_n shine_v more_o on_o they_o than_o on_o the_o country_n lie_v beneath_o they_o and_o that_o even_o in_o the_o summer_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v near_a to_o they_o and_o the_o day_n be_v much_o long_a than_o the_o night_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o two_o polar_a mountain_n in_o all_o respect_n must_v always_o have_v have_v cold_n in_o the_o great_a excess_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sun_n and_o of_o their_o be_v mountain_n and_o of_o their_o have_v little_a or_o no_o day_n nay_o if_o it_o be_v constant_a day_n at_o the_o pole_n themselves_o and_o there_o be_v as_o much_o day_n as_o night_n in_o the_o suppose_a rainy_a region_n as_o the_o author_n can_v pretend_v to_o no_o more_o there_o this_o can_v not_o protect_v they_o against_o continual_a frost_n and_o snow_n as_o appear_v by_o what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o mountain_n in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n i_o may_v add_v that_o 5._o as_o mr._n warren_n have_v observe_v several_a navigator_n attempt_v to_o find_v out_o a_o near_a course_n to_o china_n have_v be_v freeze_v to_o death_n though_o they_o sail_v not_o so_o far_o north_n as_o the_o suppose_a rainy_a region_n in_o the_o oval_a earth_n and_o choose_v the_o most_o seasonable_a time_n for_o their_o enterprise_n viz._n when_o the_o sun_n be_v on_o this_o side_n the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o day_n then_o in_o those_o region_n be_v much_o long_o than_o the_o night_n if_o they_o have_v any_o night_n at_o all_o beside_o what_o experience_n all_o other_o sailor_n have_v have_v of_o the_o great_a cold_n and_o continue_a frost_n and_o snow_n in_o those_o country_n notwithstanding_o the_o vapour_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o nearness_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o length_n of_o day_n which_o may_v help_v to_o remit_v they_o last_o whereas_o the_o author_n conceiu_v the_o present_a earth_n to_o be_v also_o of_o a_o oval_a figure_n we_o know_v the_o general_a sense_n of_o man_n according_a to_o all_o experience_n and_o observation_n to_o be_v contrary_a and_o that_o whether_o the_o constitution_n
competent_a as_o will_v be_v expect_v for_o such_o a_o work_n the_o sun_n doubtless_o suppose_v as_o the_o author_n do_v that_o in_o the_o antedilunian_a world_n it_o always_o keep_v in_o the_o aequinox_n there_o be_v no_o rain_n cold_a nor_o change_n of_o season_n will_v heat_n dry_a and_o cleave_v the_o earth_n in_o some_o part_n especial_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n considerable_o but_o withal_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v how_o far_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n can_v penetrate_v for_o produce_v the_o effect_n propose_v it_o be_v know_v that_o if_o a_o wall_n be_v heat_v red_a hot_a on_o one_o side_n it_o still_o continue_v cold_a on_o the_o other_o it_o be_v also_o a_o know_a experiment_n that_o a_o good_a thermometer_n place_v in_o a_o subterraneous_a grotto_n of_o a_o ordinary_a depth_n scarce_o vary_v perceivable_o in_o the_o hot_a day_n of_o summer_n and_o the_o cold_a day_n of_o winter_n how_o then_o shall_v the_o sun_n penetrate_v three_o mile_n and_o three_o quarter_n deep_a into_o the_o earth_n for_o so_o deep_a the_o author_n seem_v to_o suppose_v his_o orb_n of_o earth_n to_o have_v be_v as_o i_o shall_v by_o and_o by_o show_n and_o heat_v a_o abyss_n of_o water_n lie_v under_o it_o so_o as_o to_o rarify_v it_o into_o vapour_n qui_fw-la queat_fw-la hic_fw-la subter_fw-la tam_fw-la crasso_fw-la corpore_fw-la terram_fw-la percoquere_v humorem_fw-la &_o calido_fw-la sociare_fw-la vapori_fw-la praesertim_fw-la cum_fw-la vix_fw-la possit_fw-la per_fw-la septa_fw-la domorum_fw-la 6._o insinnare_fw-la suum_fw-la radiis_fw-la ardentibus_fw-la aestum_fw-la and_o indeed_o heat_v be_v not_o essential_o in_o the_o sun_n but_o a_o effect_n of_o the_o light_n by_o who_o beam_n be_v impart_v to_o we_o where_o light_n be_v exclude_v heat_v also_o must_v of_o course_n the_o grotto_n where_o no_o operation_n of_o the_o sun_n heat_n be_v find_v have_v a_o open_a passage_n into_o it_o for_o the_o sun_n operation_n if_o it_o can_v there_o exert_v it_o whereas_o the_o author_n suppose_v the_o antediluvian_n earth_n to_o have_v be_v one_o continue_v substance_n without_o so_o much_o as_o a_o cavern_n in_o it_o again_o we_o must_v consider_v of_o what_o nature_n the_o torrid_a zone_n must_v have_v be_v and_o the_o author_n in_o his_o second_o book_n conclude_v it_o a_o sandy_a desert_n if_o so_o sand_n be_v not_o inclinable_a to_o cleave_v but_o soon_o fill_v up_o any_o cleft_n make_v in_o it_o as_o i_o believe_v may_v be_v observe_v in_o all_o the_o sandy_a desert_n now_o extant_a and_o if_o rock_n be_v suppose_v under_o the_o sand_n certain_o horizondal_n bed_n of_o rock_n as_o all_o must_v have_v then_o have_v be_v be_v not_o liable_a to_o the_o sun_n penetration_n at_o least_o by_o any_o perceivable_a heat_n and_o indeed_o let_v the_o nature_n of_o it_o be_v what_o it_o may_v it_o come_v much_o to_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o every_o man_n who_o have_v use_v himself_o underground_n know_v how_o little_a the_o sun_n have_v to_o do_v with_o its_o heat_n there_o now_o though_o the_o continue_a equinox_n heat_n then_o suppose_v may_v seem_v to_o aggravate_v the_o matter_n there_o must_v have_v be_v at_o least_o a_o vicissitude_n of_o day_n and_o night_n and_o those_o still_o of_o equal_a length_n so_o that_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v always_o cool_v in_o the_o night_n as_o well_o as_o heat_v in_o the_o day_n moreover_o though_o the_o author_n suppose_v his_o antediluvian_n river_n to_o terminate_v as_o they_o come_v to_o the_o part_n on_o each_o side_n the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v partly_o exhale_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o partly_o absorb_v in_o the_o sand_n yet_o their_o water_n must_v necessary_o have_v pass_v in_o the_o sand_n under_o ground_n through_o the_o part_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n which_o will_v soon_o fill_v up_o any_o cleft_n there_o make_v by_o the_o sun_n i_o say_v the_o water_n must_v have_v pass_v so_o because_o his_o antediluvian_n earth_n must_v have_v be_v porous_a to_o percolate_a water_n to_o all_o part_n otherwise_o its_o impossible_a the_o inhabitant_n in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n shall_v have_v be_v supply_v with_o water_n to_o serve_v their_o necessary_a use_n by_o well_n for_o no_o man_n can_v indulge_v fancy_n so_o far_o as_o to_o think_v the_o antediluvian_n river_n can_v have_v be_v so_o thick_a and_o near_o enough_o each_o other_o to_o afford_v a_o convenient_a supply_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o habitable_a earth_n man_n think_v it_o now_o very_o burdensome_a to_o fetch_v water_n a_o mile_n or_o two_o as_o in_o some_o place_n they_o be_v force_v to_o do_v by_o their_o situation_n remote_a from_o water_n and_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o be_v say_v that_o the_o river_n be_v then_o within_o a_o mile_n or_o two_o or_o ten_o or_o hundred_o sometime_o of_o each_o other_o as_o to_o the_o comparison_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o aeolipile_n and_o the_o egg_n which_o be_v break_v when_o the_o moisture_n within_o they_o be_v rarify_v and_o turn_v into_o vapour_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n i_o answer_v that_o when_o it_o shall_v appear_v to_o we_o that_o the_o sun_n can_v cause_v a_o heat_n in_o the_o water_n of_o the_o abyss_n proportional_a to_o what_o the_o other_o have_v when_o break_v we_o may_v consider_v more_o of_o it_o mean_v while_n such_o a_o effect_n be_v so_o far_o from_o fall_v within_o my_o conception_n that_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o in_o nature_n impossible_a and_o as_o to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o ancient_n concern_v the_o mundane_a egg_n be_v break_v i_o shall_v consider_v it_o in_o the_o second_o book_n though_o i_o may_v so_o far_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o here_o that_o whereas_o the_o author_n here_o intimate_v as_o though_o the_o ancient_n by_o mention_v the_o mundane_a egg_n be_v break_v refer_v to_o a_o deluge_n its_o be_v cause_v that_o way_n the_o contrary_n be_v manifest_a to_o we_o for_o we_o know_v it_o be_v a_o general_a opinion_n among_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o world_n have_v be_v renew_v by_o many_o deluge_n and_o conflagration_n whereas_o if_o one_o deluge_n have_v be_v cause_v by_o such_o a_o disruption_n of_o the_o earth_n any_o second_o or_o three_o deluge_n have_v be_v impossible_a but_o what_o be_v most_o urge_v be_v that_o the_o generality_n of_o earthquake_n arise_v from_o like_a cause_n and_o often_o end_v in_o a_o like_a effect_n viz._n a_o partial_a deluge_n or_o inundation_n of_o the_o place_n or_o country_n where_o they_o happen_v to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o though_o some_o philosopher_n assign_v the_o cause_n of_o earthquake_n after_o this_o manner_n viz._n that_o the_o struggle_a of_o vapour_n raise_v and_o rarify_v by_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o earth_n sometime_o cause_v a_o disruption_n the_o earth_n thereupon_o subside_v into_o cavern_n whence_o water_n flow_v forth_o etc._n etc._n yet_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o expect_v that_o man_n shall_v general_o so_o far_o acquiesce_v in_o this_o cause_n as_o to_o allow_v it_o a_o fair_a ground_n to_o build_v a_o hypothesis_n of_o this_o weighl_fw-ge upon_o when_o as_o a_o great_a if_o not_o the_o great_a part_n of_o philosopher_n assign_v other_o cause_n for_o earthquake_n and_o those_o perhaps_o more_o probable_a some_o will_v have_v earthquake_n to_o be_v cause_v only_o by_o certain_a conjunction_n of_o the_o planet_n some_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o comet_n near_o the_o earth_n other_o by_o subterraneous_a fire_n or_o ferment_n which_o true_o produce_v heat_n and_o vapour_n within_o the_o earth_n the_o sun_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o it_o more_o than_o by_o a_o remote_a and_o general_a causality_n other_o will_v have_v they_o produce_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o subterraneous_a water_n other_o again_o by_o certain_a mouldering_n or_o foundering_n in_o certain_a cavern_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o other_o cause_n be_v assign_v for_o they_o last_o when_o the_o author_n come_v to_o the_o main_a difficulty_n as_o he_o call_v it_o viz._n the_o find_n of_o water_n sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o universal_a deluge_n which_o after_o some_o time_n shall_v so_o return_v into_o its_o channel_n that_o the_o earth_n shall_v become_v again_o habitable_a both_o which_o he_o say_v be_v as_o easy_o effect_v according_a to_o his_o explication_n set_v down_o before_o by_o i_o as_o they_o be_v impossible_a any_o other_o way_n i_o confess_v i_o great_o admire_v at_o this_o his_o assertion_n and_o the_o explanation_n he_o give_v for_o those_o effect_n the_o first_o thing_n we_o shall_v have_v expect_v from_o the_o author_n in_o reference_n to_o this_o point_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v signify_v to_o we_o of_o what_o depth_n he_o suppose_v his_o abyss_n to_o have_v be_v and_o what_o thickness_n he_o allow_v to_o his_o orb_n of_o earth_n for_o unless_o we_o will_v reason_v by_o rote_n it_o must_v be_v
consider_v that_o diffuse_v variety_n nature_n delight_v in_o may_v be_v content_a to_o smile_v at_o but_o will_v never_o allow_v or_o unless_o he_o can_v make_v out_o some_o other_o way_n the_o conservation_n of_o those_o species_n beside_o the_o ark_n which_o will_v be_v consider_v by_o we_o in_o the_o sequel_n second_o by_o this_o doctrine_n the_o author_n drown_v the_o two_o polar_a zone_n suppose_v it_o to_o have_v then_o rain_v continual_o there_o and_o that_o all_o the_o river_n that_o supply_v the_o earth_n thence_o arise_v no_o rain_n fall_v in_o the_o torrid_a or_o either_o of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n but_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o two_o polar_a zone_n 5._o in_o case_n the_o sun_n always_o keep_v the_o aequinox_n root_n we_o must_v consider_v what_o the_o learned_a dr._n browne_n say_v in_o his_o vulgar_a error_n where_o he_o have_v a_o digression_n concern_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n in_o the_o site_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v as_o 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distance_n from_o we_o in_o the_o aequator_fw-la this_o great_a evil_n will_v thence_o ensue_v that_o the_o earth_n will_v never_o conceive_v within_o which_o it_o do_v in_o the_o winter_n nor_o will_v fruit_n if_o any_o than_o grow_v come_v to_o a_o maturity_n without_o which_o animal_n can_v live_v and_o indeed_o how_o the_o sun_n always_o keep_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o make_v still_o equal_a day_n and_o night_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n shall_v carry_v on_o vegetation_n in_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o they_o be_v not_o to_o i_o intelligible_a for_o now_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o aequinox_n we_o find_v its_o heat_n but_o faint_a to_o we_o and_o be_v it_o not_o that_o we_o be_v holpen_v out_o by_o its_o approach_n to_o we_o towards_o the_o tropic_a and_o thereby_o render_v our_o day_n much_o long_o than_o the_o night_n we_o have_v reason_n to_o doubt_v how_o our_o fruit_n will_v be_v bring_v to_o a_o maturity_n much_o more_o those_o who_o live_v 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one_o while_n upon_o the_o sun_n access_n they_o bring_v forth_o their_o fruit_n another_o while_n upon_o its_o retreat_n they_o resume_v their_o strength_n some_o fruit-tree_n indeed_o in_o some_o part_n bear_v all_o the_o year_n but_o to_o conclude_v thence_o that_o all_o may_v do_v so_o every_o where_o be_v more_o than_o their_o nature_n will_v bear_v a_o vicissitude_n of_o season_n be_v necessary_a for_o they_o which_o vicissitude_n seem_v to_o i_o plain_o intimate_v in_o the_o scripture_n to_o have_v be_v from_o the_o beginning_n for_o when_o at_o the_o cessation_n of_o the_o deluge_n god_n say_v to_o noah_n 8.22_o that_o he_o will_v no_o more_o curse_v the_o earth_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o man_n and_o that_o thence_o forward_a all_o the_o day_n of_o the_o earth_n seedtime_n and_o harvest_n heat_n and_o cold_a summer_n and_o winter_n day_n and_o night_n shall_v not_o cease_v this_o plain_o denote_v that_o such_o thing_n have_v pass_v before_o which_o have_v be_v interrupt_v 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which_o carry_v the_o type_n of_o the_o whole_a universe_n the_o breastplate_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a in_o which_o the_o twelve_o precious_a stone_n among_o other_o signification_n typify_v the_o twelve_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o their_o be_v range_v in_o four_o ternary_n denote_v the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n which_o i_o believe_v have_v never_o be_v unless_o those_o season_n have_v be_v according_a to_o the_o most_o perfect_a state_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o the_o antediluvian_n patriarch_n as_o well_o as_o the_o postdiluvian_n be_v in_o their_o respective_a time_n the_o most_o absolute_a master_n of_o the_o foresay_a science_n of_o any_o man_n on_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o from_o they_o it_o have_v be_v convey_v down_o in_o its_o pureness_n to_o we_o be_v what_o i_o know_v not_o how_o to_o disbelieve_v four_o the_o diversity_n of_o
of_o the_o earth_n be_v consider_v according_a to_o gravity_n or_o magnetism_n aristotle_n who_o consider_v it_o according_a to_o the_o former_a say_v ult_n that_o all_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v a_o natural_a gravity_n which_o carry_v they_o towards_o the_o midst_n or_o centre_n whence_o a_o spherical_a figure_n of_o it_o must_v be_v cause_v as_o he_o explain_v at_o large_a and_o conclude_v that_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n must_v therefore_o be_v spherical_a or_o natural_o spherical_a and_o that_o every_o thing_n must_v be_v say_v to_o be_v such_o as_o it_o use_v to_o be_v or_o be_v by_o nature_n and_o not_o what_o it_o may_v be_v by_o force_n or_o preternatural_o and_o in_o a_o violent_a state_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o earth_n figure_n if_o it_o be_v consider_v according_a to_o magnetism_n the_o experiment_n of_o the_o terrella_n according_a to_o the_o various_a inclination_n of_o the_o needle_n to_o it_o show_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v spherical_a and_o whereas_o the_o author_n say_v that_o circumnavigation_n the_o appear_v and_o occultation_n of_o mountain_n and_o tower_n to_o saylor_n as_o also_o the_o star_n and_o the_o like_a prove_v indeed_o the_o earth_n not_o to_o be_v plain_a but_o convex_v but_o do_v not_o plain_o prove_v what_o that_o convexity_n be_v whether_o spherical_a or_o oval_a hosco_fw-es we_o find_v that_o clavius_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n he_o think_v to_o have_v well_o prove_v the_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n if_o measure_v either_o from_o east_n to_o west_n or_o from_o north_n to_o south_n by_o show_v that_o if_o a_o man_n keep_v the_o same_o meridian_n pass_v from_o north_n to_o south_n there_o be_v that_o proportion_n still_o observe_v in_o the_o decrease_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n which_o can_v only_o agree_v to_o a_o spherical_a figure_n and_o so_o if_o any_o man_n travel_v from_o east_n to_o west_n betwixt_o two_o parallel_n he_o may_v still_o observe_v that_o to_o a_o city_n fifteen_o degree_n more_o easterly_a than_o another_o the_o sun_n always_o rise_v and_o set_v a_o hour_n soon_o or_o late_a than_o to_o the_o other_o which_o anticipation_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n can_v not_o keep_v the_o say_a proportion_n unless_o we_o give_v the_o earth_n a_o spherical_a figure_n as_o to_o the_o three_o difficulty_n that_o the_o author_n find_v and_o the_o explanation_n he_o endeavour_v to_o give_v of_o it_o viz._n what_o issue_n the_o river_n will_v have_v when_o they_o be_v come_v to_o the_o part_n near_o the_o torrid_a zone_n to_o which_o he_o say_v that_o then_o they_o will_v be_v divide_v into_o many_o branch_n or_o a_o multitude_n of_o rivulet_n and_o those_o will_v be_v partly_o exhale_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o partly_o drink_v up_o by_o the_o dry_a sandy_a earth_n this_o seem_v not_o to_o i_o fair_o to_o account_v for_o the_o river_n issue_n it_o be_v true_a we_o have_v now_o account_v 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after_o the_o deluge_n make_v out_o that_o the_o antediluvian_n heaven_n be_v of_o a_o different_a constitution_n from_o we_o the_o rainbow_n have_v not_o be_v see_v in_o the_o cloud_n before_o now_o concern_v the_o rainbow_n mention_v gen._n 9_o many_o have_v say_v many_o thing_n but_o the_o most_o natural_a interpretation_n of_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v thus_o we_o find_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n when_o noah_n and_o his_o family_n by_o god_n command_n be_v come_v forth_o of_o the_o ark_n and_o that_o noah_n have_v raise_v a_o altar_n and_o sacrifice_v to_o god_n god_n accept_v his_o sacrifice_n assure_v he_o that_o he_o will_v no_o more_o destroy_v every_o live_a soul_n as_o he_o have_v do_v but_o that_o seedtime_n and_o harvest_n cold_a and_o heat_n summer_n and_o winter_n night_n and_o day_n shall_v not_o cease_v or_o shall_v continue_v they_o have_v be_v interrupt_v for_o a_o year_n time_n before_o and_o in_o the_o 9th_o chapter_n after_o have_v bless_v noah_n and_o his_o son_n he_o make_v a_o covenant_n with_o they_o against_o any_o future_a deluge_n and_o to_o comfort_v they_o give_v they_o the_o rainbow_n as_o a_o present_a sign_n of_o the_o air_n be_v settle_v in_o its_o wont_a way_n the_o season_n which_o he_o have_v mention_v before_o to_o noah_n be_v to_o succeed_v in_o course_n and_o the_o rainbow_n thus_o appear_v after_o the_o deluge_n carry_v somewhat_o new_a in_o it_o as_o the_o author_n say_v a_o sign_n ought_v to_o have_v do_v because_o it_o have_v not_o be_v see_v for_o a_o year_n before_o and_o in_o its_o nature_n appear_v after_o rains_n it_o betoken_v fair_a wether_n as_o appear_v after_o fair_a wether_n it_o betoken_v ra_n whereas_o the_o author_n say_v he_o do_v not_o look_v upon_o the_o rainbow_n as_o a_o voluntary_a sign_n and_o by_o divine_a institution_n but_o that_o it_o signify_v natural_o and_o by_o connection_n with_o the_o effect_n import_v that_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v change_v from_o what_o it_o be_v 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allow_v for_o if_o the_o deluge_n be_v miraculous_o cause_v as_o i_o conceive_v it_o to_o have_v be_v what_o natural_a sign_n can_v foreshow_v its_o come_n or_o no_o return_n of_o it_o wherefore_o in_o this_o respect_n i_o look_v upon_o it_o to_o be_v only_o a_o voluntary_a sign_n and_o by_o divine_a institution_n and_o we_o know_v some_o have_v be_v so_o far_o from_o think_v the_o rainbow_n to_o denote_v a_o change_n of_o air_n towards_o a_o conflagration_n that_o they_o plain_o say_v it_o denote_v a_o dominion_n of_o moisture_n in_o the_o air_n and_o that_o on_o this_o account_n it_o will_v not_o appear_v forty_o year_n before_o the_o conflagration_n happen_v neither_o do_v i_o believe_v that_o noah_n or_o perhaps_o any_o man_n since_o he_o beside_o the_o author_n can_v find_v by_o any_o natural_a signality_n in_o the_o rainbow_n that_o a_o deluge_n shall_v never_o return_v indeed_o as_o the_o author_n say_v if_o noah_n have_v never_o see_v a_o rainbow_n before_o on_o its_o first_o appearance_n it_o can_v not_o but_o have_v make_v a_o lively_a impression_n upon_o he_o for_o his_o assurance_n for_o its_o probable_a it_o will_v have_v raise_v a_o stupor_n in_o he_o and_o he_o will_v have_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o miracle_n wrought_v by_o god_n for_o his_o satisfaction_n whereas_o the_o rule_n of_o providence_n be_v otherwise_o god_n never_o give_v a_o miraculous_a sign_n but_o of_o a_o miraculous_a effect_n which_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o a_o second_o deluge_n be_v not_o to_o be_v but_o only_o the_o earth_n leave_v to_o itself_o with_o those_o second_o cause_n that_o attend_v it_o for_o its_o own_o preservation_n and_o those_o instance_n of_o sign_n which_o the_o author_n have_v quote_v from_o the_o scripture_n be_v miraculous_a sign_n of_o
ancient_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o present_a form_n of_o the_o earth_n we_o find_v no_o such_o thing_n nor_o any_o foundation_n for_o it_o i_o can_v believe_v that_o this_o be_v so_o universal_o receive_v upon_o a_o slight_a presumption_n only_o because_o it_o lay_v under_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n if_o the_o sun_n have_v the_o same_o latitude_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la in_o his_o course_n and_o motion_n that_o he_o have_v now_o etc._n etc._n he_o instance_n several_a of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n astronomer_n and_o geographer_n who_o hold_v that_o zone_n uninhabitable_a and_o add_v that_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n who_o he_o also_o name_n hold_v that_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n do_v once_o change_v their_o situation_n and_o be_v at_o first_o in_o another_o posture_n from_o what_o they_o be_v now_o till_o that_o inclination_n happen_v etc._n etc._n and_o conclude_v that_o these_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_n must_v refer_v to_o that_o state_n of_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v represent_v in_o his_o antediluvian_n world_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o seem_v no_o wonder_n it_o shall_v be_v the_o common_a receive_a opinion_n among_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v uninhabitable_a for_o navigation_n be_v not_o come_v to_o its_o perfection_n america_n undiscovered_a and_o no_o trade_v establish_v by_o land_n to_o those_o part_n of_o africa_n that_o lie_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o the_o great_a heat_n find_v in_o the_o neighbour_a climate_n to_o it_o may_v natural_o induce_v such_o a_o belief_n in_o they_o so_o that_o we_o may_v allow_v it_o to_o have_v past_a as_o a_o negative_a tradition_n among_o they_o for_o that_o no_o man_n have_v attempt_v a_o discovery_n but_o to_o conclude_v that_o this_o be_v a_o positive_a tradition_n among_o they_o derive_v from_o antediluvian_n time_n on_o a_o suppose_a differ_v position_n which_o the_o heaven_n or_o earth_n then_o have_v it_o be_v more_o than_o the_o thing_n will_v bear_v neither_o be_v that_o opinion_n of_o the_o uninhabitableness_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o general_a in_o ancient_a time_n but_o some_o patron_n of_o the_o earth_n mere_o upon_o a_o stress_n of_o reason_v always_o say_v nay_o to_o it_o 14._o thus_o plutarch_n tell_v we_o that_o pythagoras_n as_o great_a a_o man_n as_o any_o among_o the_o greek_n and_o more_o ancient_a than_o any_o the_o author_n have_v name_v for_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n hold_v the_o torrid_a zone_n habitable_a and_o a_o temperate_a region_n as_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o that_o of_o the_o summer_n and_o that_o of_o the_o winter_n and_o certain_o pythagoras_n be_v as_o likely_a a_o man_n as_o any_o among_o the_o ancient_n to_o have_v know_v such_o a_o tradition_n and_o to_o have_v faithful_o convey_v it_o to_o posterity_n if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o ground_n for_o it_o himself_o and_o orpheus_n be_v judge_v by_o many_o to_o have_v be_v know_v in_o the_o mosaic_a cabala_n concern_v the_o true_a system_n of_o the_o world_n ptolemy_n also_o say_v many_o contend_v 6._o that_o the_o part_n near_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v inhabit_v as_o be_v the_o most_o temperate_a region_n because_o the_o sun_n neither_o stay_v in_o the_o vertical_a point_n but_o make_v swift_a recess_n according_a to_o latitude_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n whence_o the_o summer_n be_v render_v temperate_a neither_o in_o the_o solstice_n be_v it_o far_o from_o the_o vertex_fw-la wherefore_o the_o winter_n must_v be_v very_o mild_a rerum_fw-la bede_n quote_v this_o passage_n and_o add_v but_o what_o those_o habitation_n be_v we_o can_v say_v with_o any_o likely_a ground_n for_o man_n have_v not_o pass_v thither_o even_o to_o this_o day_n wherefore_o what_o be_v say_v of_o it_o may_v be_v look_v upon_o rather_o as_o a_o conjecture_n than_o a_o true_a history_n tertullian_n also_o hold_v the_o torrid_a zone_n a_o temperate_a region_n and_o place_v paradise_n in_o it_o and_o so_o do_v nicephora_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o theophilus_n the_o like_a do_v bonaventure_n and_o durandus_fw-la of_o late_a year_n and_o avicenna_n among_o the_o arabian_n hold_v that_o region_n temperate_a here_o also_o it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o general_o those_o that_o hold_v the_o uninhabitableness_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n hold_v likewise_o the_o two_o polar_a zone_n uninhabitable_a through_o continual_a frost_n there_o so_o that_o the_o tradition_n of_o the_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v hold_v as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o other_o which_o will_v destroy_v the_o author_n hypothesis_n for_o the_o source_n of_o his_o water_n as_o i_o have_v intimate_v before_o as_o to_o those_o philosopher_n mention_v by_o the_o author_n to_o have_v hold_v that_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n once_o change_v their_o situation_n i_o know_v no_o reason_n we_o have_v to_o follow_v they_o in_o it_o more_o than_o a_o multitude_n of_o other_o erroneous_a opinion_n which_o we_o find_v among_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n ignonorance_n in_o cosmography_n be_v a_o epidemical_a distemper_n among_o they_o 12._o so_o that_o plutarch_n tell_v we_o pythagoras_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o who_o bethink_v he_o of_o the_o obliqueness_n of_o the_o zodiac_n 11._o which_o invention_n some_o ascribe_v to_o oenopides_n of_o chius_n the_o same_o tell_v we_o parmenides_n be_v the_o first_o who_o limit_v the_o place_n inhabit_v on_o the_o earth_n to_o wit_n those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o two_o habitable_a zone_n to_o the_o tropic_a circle_n what_o wonder_v then_o that_o the_o ancient_n shall_v lie_v under_o great_a mistake_n in_o thing_n relate_v to_o that_o knowledge_n but_o the_o author_n urge_v in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n warren_n that_o diogenes_n anaxagoras_n empedocles_n 8._o leucippus_n and_o democritus_n say_v there_o be_v once_o a_o change_n of_o the_o pole_n therefore_o it_o must_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o tradition_n among_o the_o ancient_n for_o which_o they_o be_v good_a testimony_n but_o i_o will_v ask_v the_o author_n whether_o either_o of_o those_o philosopher_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n as_o a_o tradition_n among_o the_o ancient_n plutarch_n whence_o he_o quote_v their_o opinion_n entitle_v his_o book_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o philosopher_n and_o deliver_v this_o as_o their_o particular_a opinion_n and_o not_o as_o a_o tradition_n and_o assign_v the_o several_a reason_n they_o go_v upon_o which_o be_v all_o find_v to_o be_v erroneous_a and_o to_o expect_v that_o we_o shall_v receive_v their_o opinion_n as_o a_o tradition_n and_o acquiesce_v in_o it_o without_o any_o far_a ground_n seem_v to_o i_o altogether_o as_o unreasonable_a as_o to_o say_v that_o because_o diagoras_n theodorus_n cyreneus_n evemera_n euripides_n mention_v also_o by_o plutarch_n and_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n hold_v there_o be_v no_o deity_n therefore_o this_o must_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o well-grounded_n tradition_n and_o fit_a for_o we_o to_o receive_v that_o there_o be_v no_o deity_n this_o be_v too_o hard_o put_v upon_o our_o reason_n well_o but_o the_o author_n grant_v their_o reason_n be_v false_a but_o say_v it_o will_v be_v as_o injudicious_a to_o exclude_v they_o from_o be_v witness_n or_o fair_a testimony_n of_o such_o a_o thing_n because_o they_o do_v not_o philosophise_v well_o about_o that_o change_n as_o if_o we_o shall_v deny_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o war_n as_o the_o peloponesian_a war_n because_o the_o historian_n have_v not_o assign_v the_o true_a cause_n and_o reason_n of_o it_o or_o to_o deny_v that_o a_o comet_n appear_v in_o such_o a_o year_n because_o a_o person_n that_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o have_v not_o give_v a_o good_a account_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o it_o nor_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o its_o form_n and_o motion_n i_o answer_v that_o i_o do_v not_o exclude_v they_o from_o be_v witness_n mere_o because_o of_o the_o false_a reason_n they_o give_v for_o what_o they_o say_v but_o because_o that_o they_o neither_o own_v themselves_o as_o witness_n neither_o do_v it_o any_o way_n appear_v that_o what_o they_o deliver_v be_v as_o they_o be_v witness_n but_o mere_o from_o their_o own_o fancy_n as_o it_o may_v be_v say_v of_o diagoras_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o hold_v a_o nonexistence_n of_o a_o deity_n and_o as_o to_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o peloponesian_a war_n and_o the_o comet_n there_o be_v a_o vast_a disparity_n betwixt_o these_o and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o peloponesian_a war_n and_o the_o comet_n be_v notorious_a fact_n convey_v down_o to_o we_o by_o every_o historian_n and_o astronomer_n nemine_fw-la contradicente_fw-la as_o they_o receive_v it_o from_o time_n to_o time_n from_o unquestionable_a hand_n but_o what_o be_v those_o five_o philosopher_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o philosopher_n both_o before_o and_o after_o they_o who_o mention_v no_o such_o thing_n nor_o do_v those_o five_o affirm_v