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A06902 The art of archerie Shewing how it is most necessary in these times for this kingdome, both in peace and war, and how it may be done without charge to the country, trouble to the people, or any hinderance to necessary occasions. Also, of the discipline, the postures, and whatsoever else is necessarie for the attayning to the art. Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637. 1634 (1634) STC 17333; ESTC S111944 47,462 196

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soeuer shooteth ignorantly considering neyther fayre weather nor foule true or false standing Nocking Feather nor Head Drawing nor Loosing nor yet any compasse shall alwayes shoot short and gone wide and farre off and neuer come neare except by chance hee stumble on the Marke For Ignorance is nothing else but absolute Blindnesse A skilfull Archer will first with diligent vse and marking the Weather learne to know the Nature of the Wind and will with wisedome measure in his mind how much it will alter his shoot either in length keeping or in streight shooting so with changing his standing or taking another Shaft which hee knoweth to bee fitter for his purpose eyther because it is lower feathered or else of a better wing will so handle with discretion his Shoot that he will seeme rather to haue the weather vnder his rule by such care and circumspection then the Weather to rule his Shaft by any sodaine changing Therefore in shooting there is as much difference betwixt an Archer that is a good Weather-man and him that knoweth nor obserueth any thing as is betwixt a blind-man and him that can see Moreouer a perfect Archer must seriously learne to know the sure flight of his Shafts that he may be bold alwayes to trust them Next he must learne by continuall experience to know all kind of weathers the signes when it will come the Nature when it is come the diuersity and alteration when it changeth and the decrease and diminishing when it ceaseth These things thus knowne and obserued and euery shoot diligently pondred thē ought our Archer to compare the Weather and his Footing together and with discretion measure them so that whatsoeuer the Weather shall take away from his Shoot the same shall just footing restore againe This poynt well knowne and discreetly handled bringeth more profit and commendations to the Archer then any other secondary obseruation whatsoeuer He that will know perfectly the Wind and Weather must put difference betwixt times and seasons for diuersitie of times cause the diuersity of weather As in the whole yeare there are foure diuersities of times the Spring the Summer the Fall and Winter so likewise in one day there are also foure diuersities of Time the Morning Noone-●ide Afternoone and Euening and all these both alter the weather and change a mans Bow and Strength and to know that this is so is enough for an Archer and not to search the cause why it should be so for that is the office of the learned CHAP. XX. Principall Obseruations from the Time of the yeare IN considering the time of the year a wise Archer will follow a good Seaman In winter and rough weather small Boates and little Pinkes for sake the Seas And at one time of the yeare no Gallyes come abroad So likewise weake Archers vsing but small and hollow Shafts with Bowes of little pith must be content to giue place for a time yet I speake not this to discourage any weake Shooter for as there is no Shippe better then a Gally in a soft and calme Sea so no man shooteth more comely or nearer his marke then some weake Archers doe in a fayre and cleare day Thus you see euery good Archer must know not onely what Bow and Shafts are fittest for him to shoote withall but also what times and seasons are meetest for him to shoote in And truely in all other Matters and amongst all the degrees estates of men there is no man that doth anything more discreetly for his commendations or more profitable for his owne aduantage then he which doth and will know perfectly for what matter Action and time he is most apt and fit And here were it not variable from the discourse I haue in hand I could enter into a large field of inuection against those which onely labour to struggle to turmoyle themselues in those matters and affaires which are neither fit for their capacities nor consonant to their bringing vp but Cinthius Aurem vellet I will turne againe to the Action of Shooting in which I will perswade all wise Archers alwayes to haue their instruments fit and obedient for their owne strength and then euermore to waite and attend for such time weather and seasons as is most agreeable with the action they goe about Therefore if the weather be too violent and vnfit for your shooting leaue of for that day and attend a better Season For he is a Foole that will not goe when Necessity driueth Yet to make some larger discription of the weather concerning shooting I would haue you remember as I told you before that in the whole yeare the Spring Summer Fall and Winter and in one day the Morning Noone Afternoone and Euening altereth the course of the weather the pith of the Bow and the strength of the man And in euery one of these the weather altereth as sometimes windie sometimes calme one while cloudy another cleare sometimes hot sometimes cold the wind sometimes moyst and thicke sometimes dry and smooth c. A little winde in a misty day stoppeth a shaft more then a good whistling wind in a cleare day nay I haue seene when there hath bin no wind at all the ayre so Misty and thicke that both the markes haue beene wonderfull great And once I heard in Cambridge the down-markeat Tweluescore-prick for the space of three weekes was thirteenescore and an halfe and into the wind not being very great a great deale aboue foureteenescore The wind is sometimes plaine vp and downe which commonly is most certaine and requireth least knowledge or circumspection so that a meane Shooter with meane furniture if he can shoote home may make shift to doe well A side-winde tryeth a good Archer and good Furniture for sometime it bloweth a loft sometime low by the Ground sometime it bloweth by blasts sodaine gusts and sometime continueth all in one manner sometime a quarter wind with him more again as much against him all w ch by a man casting vp a little light grasse or otherwise by his owne experience shall easily finde out To see the wind it is impossible the nature of it is so fine and subtill but by carefull obseruation a world of experience may be gathered especially in a Snow wherein one may perceiue that the wind goeth by streames and not whole together and in this Obseruation though the experience will breed in a man a greater admiration at the Nature of the winde then cunning in the knowledge of the winde yet thereby he shall learne that it is no wonder at all though the best Archers loose their length in shooting seeing the wind is so variable in blowing The Master of a Ship be he ne●er so Skilfull may by the vncertainety of weather loose both life and goods no wonder then if a good Archer by the selfe same wind so variable in it owne nature and so insensible to our nature loose not onely a Shoote but a Game The more