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yet_o may_v the_o rest_v compare_v among_o themselves_o be_v range_v in_o a_o certain_a order_n as_o the_o second_o third_z four_o five_o and_o so_o along_o till_o we_o come_v again_o to_o the_o first_o be_v in_o all_o reduce_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 180_o answer_v to_o 360_o degree_n as_o we_o have_v teach_v so_o much_o for_o the_o meridian_n 11_o the_o parallel_n be_v equidistant_a circle_n pass_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n direct_o i_o have_v define_v the_o parallel_n circle_n in_o a_o large_a sense_n then_o former_a geographer_n usual_o have_v take_v it_o in_o as_o willing_a under_o this_o general_a name_n not_o only_o to_o include_v the_o parallel_n common_o so_o call_v but_o also_o the_o equatour_n because_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o equatour_n be_v every_o where_o equidistant_a from_o each_o other_o circle_n shall_v not_o suffer_v this_o acception_n the_o common_a sort_n of_o cosmographer_n under_o this_o name_n will_v only_o comprise_v the_o minor_a 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the_o equator_fw-la north_n and_o south_n with_o such_o a_o distance_n that_o where_o the_o day_n shall_v increase_v one_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n a_o new_a parallel_n shall_v be_v place_v so_o that_o the_o long_a day_n of_o one_o parallel_n shall_v surpass_v the_o long_a day_n of_o another_o for_o one_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n by_o which_o appear_v that_o the_o parallel_n be_v not_o of_o one_o greatness_n but_o by_o how_o much_o near_o the_o pole_n they_o be_v place_v so_o much_o less_o be_v they_o and_o so_o much_o great_a by_o how_o much_o far_o off_o from_o the_o pole_n and_o near_o the_o equatour_n these_o circle_n be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o geography_n as_o to_o distinguish_v the_o zone_n climate_n and_o latitude_n of_o region_n to_o show_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o to_o design_n out_o the_o length_n and_o shortness_n of_o the_o day_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n 12_o a_o parallel_n circle_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o great_a or_o lesser_a the_o great_a be_v the_o equatour_n or_o equinoctial_a circle_n 13_o the_o equatour_n be_v the_o great_a of_o the_o parallel_n pass_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o exact_o divide_v they_o from_o the_o pole_n into_o two_o equal_a half_n or_o hemisphere_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v north_n the_o other_o south_n this_o circle_n be_v call_v the_o equatour_n or_o equinoctial_a of_o astronomer_n because_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n pass_v under_o it_o as_o upon_o the_o 11_o of_o march_n and_o the_o 13_o of_o september_n it_o make_v the_o day_n and_o night_n equal_a this_o circle_n of_o astronomer_n be_v esteem_v the_o most_o notable_a be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o diurnal_a and_o most_o regular_a motion_n the_o laâ—ines_n have_v take_v the_o name_n and_o appellation_n of_o this_o circle_n from_o the_o day_n as_o the_o greek_n from_o the_o night_n wherein_o the_o sense_n be_v no_o way_n vary_a because_o the_o equality_n of_o the_o day_n argue_v the_o like_a equality_n of_o the_o 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the_o meridian_n be_v find_v out_o to_o find_v the_o equator_fw-la this_o be_v easy_o perform_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o former_a figure_n for_o therein_o the_o meridian_n line_n be_v find_v out_o as_o we_o have_v show_v let_v there_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o centre_n e_o of_o that_o circle_n the_o line_n ac_fw-la make_v right_a angle_n with_o the_o say_a meridian_n which_o line_n ac_fw-la will_v be_v the_o true_a equatour_n and_o will_v point_v out_o unto_o we_o the_o true_a east_n and_o west_n as_o a_o the_o east_n and_o c_o the_o west_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o two_o line_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o meridian_n do_v divide_v and_o cut_v the_o whole_a horizon_n into_o two_o equal_a quadrant_n 2_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o meridian_n to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n in_o the_o time_n of_o either_o equinoctial_a in_o some_o horizontall_a plain_a in_o the_o sunshine_n let_v there_o be_v erect_v a_o gnomon_n then_o in_o the_o day_n time_n let_v there_o be_v note_v all_o the_o point_n by_o which_o the_o end_n or_o top_n of_o the_o shadow_n have_v pass_v for_o all_o those_o point_n in_o the_o time_n of_o equinoctial_a be_v in_o a_o right_a line_n because_o then_o the_o end_n of_o the_o shadow_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o line_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o equinox_n in_o a_o herizontall_a plain_a this_o line_n will_v be_v the_o true_a equinoctiall-line_n the_o cause_n be_v give_v by_o clavius_n in_o gnomonicis_n lib._n 1._o prop._n 1._o corollar_n 2._o which_o depend_v on_o many_o geometrical_a and_o astronomical_a principle_n as_o too_o far_o from_o my_o purpose_n i_o omit_v 15_o the_o magnetical_a invention_n of_o the_o equatour_n be_v wrought_v by_o the_o magnetical_a inclinatory_a needle_n according_a to_o this_o proposition_n 1_o wheresoever_o at_o any_o place_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a
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the_o lesser_a circle_n such_o as_o whereof_o the_o great_a consist_v the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v show_v in_o geometry_n and_o therefore_o need_v we_o not_o to_o insert_v a_o demonstration_n for_o there_o we_o learn_v that_o as_o the_o total_a â—inge_n be_v to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o declination_n of_o any_o parallel_n so_o be_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o great_a circle_n to_o the_o periphery_a of_o the_o parallel_n as_o for_o example_n if_o we_o will_v know_v what_o proportion_n the_o equatour_n have_v to_o the_o parallel_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o vertical_a point_n of_o rome_n who_o declination_n be_v about_o 42_o degree_n i_o multiply_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o compliment_n of_o this_o declination_n that_o be_v the_o sign_n of_o 48_o degree_n to_o wit_n 74314_o by_o 360_o the_o product_n whereof_o be_v 26753040_o which_o i_o divide_v again_o by_o 100000_o and_o find_v 267_o degree_n and_o ½_o whence_o i_o gather_v that_o the_o equatour_n to_o the_o 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shall_v be_v place_v in_o a_o high_a and_o eminent_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o shall_v look_v round_o about_o he_o every_o way_n to_o the_o east_n west_n north_n and_o south_n he_o will_v seem_v to_o see_v the_o heaven_n on_o every_o side_n to_o concur_v with_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o beyond_o it_o can_v be_v see_v nor_o heaven_n nor_o earth_n which_o concurrence_n of_o the_o heaven_n with_o the_o earth_n will_v describe_v unto_o we_o the_o horizontall_a circle_n for_o that_o place_n assign_v but_o here_o we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o the_o horizon_n be_v two_o fold_n either_o the_o rational_a or_o sensible_a horizon_n the_o rational_a precise_o divide_v the_o globe_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n but_o the_o sensible_a or_o apparent_a horizon_n be_v no_o other_o than_o that_o circle_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v design_v out_o by_o the_o sight_n from_o which_o the_o name_n seem_v to_o be_v derive_v this_o sensible_a horizon_n differ_v from_o the_o rational_a diverse_a way_n 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find_v it_o betwixt_o the_o two_o tropic_n we_o may_v without_o doubt_n think_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n if_o betwixt_o the_o tropic_n circle_n and_o the_o polar_a it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o temperate_a if_o betwixt_o the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n itself_o it_o must_v be_v in_o the_o cold_a zone_n by_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n it_o may_v be_v find_v this_o way_n seek_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v in_o the_o table_n which_o if_o it_o be_v less_o than_o 23_o degree_n 30_o scruple_n the_o place_n be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n if_o precise_o it_o be_v so_o much_o in_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n the_o place_n assign_v be_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n which_o be_v the_o bind_v betwixt_o the_o torrid_a and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o northern_a temperate_a zone_n but_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o southern_a hemisphere_n it_o will_v be_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n which_o end_v the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o begin_v 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a_o parallel_n near_o the_o equatour_n the_o other_o near_a the_o pole_n in_o the_o same_o space_n of_o time_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o he_o shall_v go_v far_o fast_a which_o be_v near_o the_o equatour_n than_o the_o other_o near_o the_o pole_n for_o howsoever_o columella_n seem_v to_o make_v a_o parallel_n to_o have_v in_o breadth_n 60_o foot_n and_o to_o intimate_v by_o consequence_n a_o equality_n of_o the_o parallel_n among_o themselves_o yet_o must_v this_o be_v understand_v of_o parallel_n which_o be_v near_o one_o to_o the_o other_o near_a the_o equatour_n which_o comprehend_v a_o great_a space_n of_o land_n and_o admit_v no_o sensible_a difference_n other_o matter_n which_o concern_v the_o climate_n and_o parallel_n shall_v be_v god_n will_v unfold_v in_o our_o table_n in_o the_o next_o chapter_n when_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o such_o other_o adjunct_n appertain_v without_o the_o which_o this_o treatise_n will_v be_v unperfect_a depend_v for_o a_o great_a part_n on_o such_o circumstance_n as_o our_o method_n admit_v not_o in_o this_o place_n but_o immediate_o follow_v chap._n x._o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o have_v hitherto_o treat_v of_o the_o distinction_n of_o space_n bound_v by_o circle_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n to_o wit_n zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n we_o be_v now_o to_o treat_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o such_o adjunct_n as_o proper_o belong_v to_o such_o space_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o whole_a sphere_n 2_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v twofold_a either_o absolute_a or_o comparative_a absolute_a as_o they_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o themselves_o without_o any_o comparison_n of_o one_o with_o the_o other_o 3_o the_o former_a be_v again_o twofold_a either_o from_o the_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n or_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o sun-shadowe_n according_a to_o the_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n the_o inhabitant_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v either_o a_o right_n oblique_a or_o parallel_n sphere_n according_a to_o their_o orison_n what_o these_o three_o sphere_n be_v may_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o we_o have_v former_o speak_v concern_v the_o distinction_n of_o orison_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o therefore_o need_v no_o far_a repetition_n we_o be_v in_o this_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o several_a accident_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n out_o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o threefold_a sphere_n will_v arise_v 13_o manner_n of_o habitation_n which_o for_o more_o order_n sake_n we_o will_v reduce_v into_o certain_a head_n in_o this_o manner_n 4_o the_o people_n of_o a_o right_a sphere_n be_v such_o as_o enjoy_v aright_o horizon_n who_o propriety_n shall_v be_v declare_v in_o this_o theorem_a 1_o
stand_v with_o experience_n that_o in_o any_o water_n or_o sea_n where_o the_o flood_n be_v stop_v and_o hinder_v by_o quicksand_n it_o return_v with_o great_a force_n as_o it_o be_v enrage_v and_o swelâ—_n so_o much_o the_o high_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o cambaia_n it_o be_v liâ—ted_v up_o so_o high_a because_o the_o shore_n be_v so_o shallow_a and_o so_o short_a and_o expose_v to_o impediment_n that_o in_o the_o ebb_n the_o sea_n â—â—ns_v back_o many_o mile_n &_o leave_v the_o sandâ—_n uncover_v whence_o it_o must_v needs_o return_v with_o great_a violence_n this_o also_o be_v find_v in_o the_o indian_a sea_n and_o near_o panama_n in_o the_o southern_a sea_n where_o the_o sea_n run_v back_o for_o two_o league_n certain_a land_n and_o land_n be_v leave_v naked_a so_o that_o in_o these_o three_o sea_n here_o name_v the_o sea_n seem_v to_o enlarge_v its_o limit_n in_o breadth_n more_o than_o in_o other_o place_n to_o which_o we_o may_v ascribe_v this_o effect_n for_o the_o sea_n about_o europe_n we_o may_v pronounce_v also_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o have_v short_a &_o shallow_a shore_n as_o may_v easy_o appear_v in_o the_o confine_n of_o belgia_n but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v of_o the_o english_a shore_n that_o they_o swell_v very_o high_a albeit_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o middle_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 144_o foot_n here_o must_v we_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o other_o cause_n the_o flow_a of_o a_o large_a &_o wide_a sea_n into_o a_o narrow_a channel_n for_o the_o large_a torrent_n of_o water_n run_v swift_o into_o a_o narrow_a channel_n be_v hinder_v on_o both_o side_n by_o the_o shore_n from_o spread_v itself_o in_o breadth_n be_v enforce_v to_o swell_v in_o height_n so_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o violence_n of_o a_o greâ—t_a current_n enbosome_a itself_o into_o a_o streite_z channel_n which_o may_v more_o evident_o show_v itself_o in_o 3_o instance_n for_o in_o the_o streite_z channel_n of_o zealand_n and_o holland_n it_o be_v lift_v up_o about_o three_o foot_n at_o bristol_n in_o england_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a force_n of_o water_n run_v from_o the_o sea_n into_o a_o more_o narrow_a channel_n and_o second_v by_o the_o main_a ocean_n at_o the_o back_n it_o swell_v to_o the_o height_n of_o 60_o foot_n in_o the_o armorean_a sea_n where_o large_a sea_n be_v empty_v into_o more_o narrow_a streite_n then_o the_o former_a it_o increase_v to_o 90_o foot_n out_o of_o which_o experiment_n may_v we_o plain_o collect_v that_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n beside_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o water_n two_o other_o cause_n be_v concur_v to_o wit_n the_o shallowness_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o the_o streitnesse_n of_o the_o channel_n wherein_o a_o great_a and_o large_a sea_n be_v to_o be_v exonerate_v this_o may_v last_o be_v far_a illustrate_v from_o the_o disparity_n of_o these_o sea_n with_o other_o for_o in_o the_o adriaticke_n egaan_n jonian_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o african_a seaâ—_n the_o sea_n seldom_o swell_v to_o so_o great_a a_o measure_n whereof_o the_o cause_n be_v as_o well_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o equality_n of_o thâ—_n shore_n for_o as_o the_o depth_n be_v a_o cause_n that_o sometime_o it_o flow_v not_o at_o all_o and_o the_o inequality_n and_o shortness_n of_o the_o shore_n that_o it_o flow_v high_a so_o a_o mean_a height_n of_o the_o water_n from_o the_o bottom_n and_o a_o more_o equal_a figuration_n of_o the_o coast_n may_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o a_o indifferent_a work_n of_o the_o water_n hitherto_o we_o have_v show_v the_o variety_n of_o motion_n in_o the_o sea_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n we_o be_v next_o to_o speak_v something_o concern_v the_o variation_n of_o it_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o time_n which_o though_o it_o proper_o appertain_v not_o to_o geography_n yet_o be_o i_o loath_a to_o leave_v it_o out_o because_o the_o discourse_n be_v pleasant_a concern_v which_o point_n the_o mariner_n make_v six_o degree_n of_o change_n in_o the_o tide_n according_a to_o the_o time_n first_o diurnal_a whereof_o we_o speak_v in_o this_o discourse_n the_o second_o hebdomedary_n or_o weekly_o which_o possidonius_fw-la call_v monthly_o or_o weekly_o because_o it_o be_v distinguish_v by_o several_a week_n of_o a_o month_n but_o tarry_v not_o till_o the_o end_n of_o the_o month_n for_o it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n of_o navigatour_n that_o a_o day_n before_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o moon_n with_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o day_n of_o conjunction_n and_o a_o day_n afterward_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o main_a ocean_n have_v their_o great_a flow_v and_o ebb_v be_v lift_v high_a and_o lay_v low_a down_o and_o then_o the_o tide_n be_v most_o swift_a the_o four_o day_n from_o the_o conjunction_n the_o tide_n be_v less_o and_o less_o swift_a the_o five_o yet_o less_o then_o then_o the_o former_a and_o the_o six_o day_n less_o than_o the_o five_o but_o in_o the_o seven_o day_n which_o be_v a_o day_n before_o the_o quarter_n and_o in_o the_o eight_o follow_v wherein_o it_o be_v halfe-faced_n and_o in_o the_o nine_o which_o be_v a_o day_n after_o the_o quarter_n the_o sea_n be_v as_o it_o be_v dead_a not_o much_o stir_v neither_o much_o ebb_a or_o much_o flow_n which_o be_v as_o it_o seem_v only_o observe_v by_o pliny_n in_o the_o euboian_a euripus_n but_o whether_o it_o so_o happen_v elsewhere_o i_o leave_v to_o man_n experience_v in_o these_o matter_n this_o motion_n as_o it_o do_v increase_v according_a to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o moon_n so_o it_o be_v say_v proportional_o to_o decrease_v again_o the_o three_o motion_n be_v monthly_a which_o seem_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conjunction_n wherein_o the_o sea-tide_n be_v high_a and_o swift_a the_o four_o be_v call_v motus_fw-la semestris_fw-la or_o six-month_o happen_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o like_o month_n the_o five_o be_v call_v trimestris_fw-la because_o it_o happen_v only_o in_o three_o month_n distance_n the_o last_o be_v annual_a which_o patricius_n witness_v that_o himself_o see_v in_o liburnia_n in_o the_o month_n of_o january_n these_o motion_n i_o careless_o pass_v over_o because_o the_o distinction_n seem_v to_o i_o full_a of_o uncertainty_n and_o sâ—arce_o warrant_v and_o such_o experiment_n as_o be_v bring_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o concern_v rather_o particular_a place_n than_o the_o general_a nature_n of_o the_o sea_n 3_o hitherto_o of_o the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o special_a be_v that_o which_o be_v observe_v in_o some_o special_a place_n 1_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v carry_v somewhere_o from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o somewhere_o from_o north_n to_o south_n and_o contrariwise_o it_o have_v be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n among_o philosopher_n of_o this_o late_a age_n that_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o rapture_n of_o the_o heaven_n shall_v be_v move_v round_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o diurnal_a course_n which_o they_o have_v labour_v to_o prove_v by_o diverse_a experiment_n first_o because_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o mariner_n that_o a_o ship_n can_v well_o sail_v from_o spain_n into_o america_n with_o a_o indifferent_a wind_n in_o 30_o day_n when_o she_o can_v hardly_o return_v under_o three_o month_n which_o they_o ascribe_v to_o the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o a_o ship_n go_v from_o east_n to_o west_n sail_v with_o the_o water_n but_o from_o west_n to_o east_n against_o the_o stream_n so_o that_o the_o one_o must_v needs_o be_v swift_a and_o the_o other_o slow_a their_o second_o experiment_n to_o confirm_v this_o point_n be_v of_o a_o ship_n sail_v from_o spain_n to_o holland_n which_o may_v as_o they_o say_v swift_a return_n back_o then_o go_v thither_o to_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n from_o east_n to_o west_n julius_n scaliger_n have_v add_v another_o which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v from_o north_n to_o south_n from_o terra_fw-la laboratoris_fw-la southward_n but_o patricius_n not_o deny_v these_o motion_n will_v have_v many_o more_o in_o diverse_a sea_n not_o admit_v any_o universal_a circular_a motion_n enforce_v by_o the_o heaven_n but_o various_a motion_n diverse_o dispose_v in_o diverse_a sea_n for_o which_o he_o give_v many_o instance_n some_o whereof_o we_o will_v here_o relate_v first_o go_v about_o to_o disprove_v scaliger_n opinion_n and_o experience_n he_o bring_v the_o experiment_n of_o the_o portugal_n navigatour_n who_o testify_v that_o they_o come_v from_o mosambicke_a of_o the_o side_n on_o madagascar_n into_o malebar_v in_o 28_o sometime_o in_o 30_o other_o time_n in_o 35_o day_n which_o be_v far_o from_o the_o account_n of_o