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A14624 The mariners mirrour wherin may playnly be seen the courses, heights, distances, depths, soundings, flouds and ebs, risings of lands, rocks, sands and shoalds, with the marks for th'entrings of the harbouroughs, havens and ports of the greatest part of Europe: their seueral traficks and commodities: together wth. the rules and instrume[n]ts of navigation. First made & set fourth in diuers exact sea-charts, by that famous nauigator Luke Wagenar of Enchuisen and now fitted with necessarie additions for the use of Englishmen by Anthony Ashley. Heerin also may be understood the exploits lately atchiued by the right Honorable the L. Admiral of Engla[n]d with her Maties. nauie and some former seruices don by that worthy knight Sr. Fra: Drake.; Spieghel der zeevaerdt. English Waghenaer, Lucas Janszoon, 1534 or 5-1606.; Ashley, Anthony, Sir, 1551-1628.; Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598, engraver.; Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612, engraver.; Ryther, Augustine, engraver. 1588 (1588) STC 24931; ESTC S122236 118,075 186

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at 12. of the clocke 45. minutes when she is two dayes olde at 1. a clocke 30. minutes A three dayes moone at 2. a clocke 15. min. and at foure dayes at 3. a clocke Then is she horned and hath runne the eight part of hir course But when she shall be halfe full or one quarter olde it shall flow still in those places till six a clocke morning and euening After this the tide shall be later euery day then other by three quarters of an houre Thus by this which hath bene sayd the iust time of the full sea may be accounted with ease in what place soeuer As euery 15. day one poynt of the cōpasse is giuen ouerplus to the ful moone the cause is that the compasse hath 32. pointes and the moone but 30. dayes VVherevpon in this table of Tydes you must begin your account agayne at the full or new moone the 15. day And when the moone is halfe a quarter olde being Northeast and Southwest it shall be high water at 3. in the morning and afternoone But on the quarter dayes an East and West moone at 6. a clocke morning and euening shall cause full sea For in this maner are the tides reckoned of Pilotes and all Mariners euery day A perfect Table to find out easily vpon each poynt of the Compasse what day of the Moones age and vvhat houre and minute of the day or night you shall haue full Sea or falling vvater in all places S and N Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point S. and by W. Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point 0 12 0 At all the Iles of Iutland Before the Eyder and Heuer Before Delfzyle and Embden Before Enchuysen Vik all the shoares of Flaunders Beachy shoare At the Foreland Within Harwich At Douer At Concalo S. Malo In the Condado At Hamton kaye From the Ness vnto Bollaine 0 12 45 Before the Cammer of Rye Before Flisshing From the Ness vnto Wolforts land From Estaples vnto Bollayne 1 12 45 1 1 30 2 1 30 2 2 15 3 2 15   3 3 0     4 3 0 4 3 45 5 3 45 5 4 30 6 4 30 6 5 15 7 5 15 7 6 0 8 6 0 8 6 45 9 6 45 9 7 30 10 7 30 10 8 15 11 8 15 11 9 0 12 9 0 12 9 45 13 9 45   13 10 30 14 10 30 14 11 15 15 11 15 15 12 0 S.w. and N. E. Moone full Sea The Ebbe S.w. and by W. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 3 0 Betweene the Heads At Fontenay All the coastes of Spaine Gascoine Poictou and without the bankes of Flandres The South coastes of Britaine Before New Castell In Robbenhoods baye At Amstelredam Dordrecht Zierick sea and Rotterdam From Cape de la Hague vnto the I le and Ras of Alderney From Iarsey vnto the Caskets From Mylford vnto the Ramshead before Foye In the Ras of Portland 0 3 45 Before the Garonne or the Riuer of Bordeaux From Strusart vnto Deepe From Cape de Cleere to Lundye From the Lizard vnto the Start poynt 1 3 45 1 4 30 2 4 30 2 5 15   3 5 15 3 6 0 4 6 0 4 6 45 5 6 45 5 7 30   6 7 30 6 8 15 7 8 15   7 9 0 8 9 0 8 9 45 9 9 45 9 10 30 10 10 30 10 11 15 11 11 15   11 12 0 12 12 0 12 12 45 13 12 45 13 13 30 14 1 30 14 2 15 15 2 15 15 3 0 E. and W. Moone full Sea The Ebbe W. and by N. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 6 0 On the outside of the Sorlinges Before Hamborough At Lundye Before the Mars-deepe In the Bay before S. Poul Without Vshant Before Bordeaux At Blackney and Wels. At Hull within the riuer Before Antwerp From the Caskets to Dierliet From the lands end vnto the Lyzard 0 6 45 Before Falemouth At Plimmouth At Hartlepoole Before Scharborough From the I le of Bas vnto Marwanen alongst the shoare 1 6 45 1 7 30 2 7 30 2 8 15   3 8 15   3 9 0   4 9 0 4 9 45   5 9 45 5 10 30 6 10 30 6 11 15 7 11 15 7 12 0 8 12 0 8 12 45 9 12 45 9 1 30 10 1 30 10 2 15 11 2 15 11 3 0 12 3 0 12 3 45 13 2 45 13 4 30 14 4 30 14 5 15 15 5 15 15 6 0 N.w. and S.E. Moone full Sea The Ebbe N.w. and by N. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 0 0 In the Ras of Portland Before the Caskets Before Garnesey Before the Ems. Before the Vlie Before S. Helene Vpon the Flakes of the Wiering and Frysland From Yarmouth vnto Cromer within the bankes   0 9 45 Within the néedles of Wight Within the Goude   1 9 45 1 10 30 2 10 30 2 11 15   3 11 15 3 12 0 4 12 0 4 12 45 5 12 45 5 1 30 6 1 30 6 2 15 7 2 15 7 3 0 8 3 0 8 3 45 9 3 45   9 4 30 10 4 30 10 5 15 11 5 15 11 6 0 12 6 0 12 6 45 13 6 45 13 7 30 14 7 30 14 8 15 15 8 15 15 9 0 S. S.w Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point S.w. and by S. Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point 0 1 30 Before the Wieling Before the Mase In the Downes All alongst Beachy At Blackenesse On all the coastes of Zealand At Armuye Before Canfer or Teruer Vnder Holy land From Graueling to Woltersland 0 2 15 At Saint Lucas At Lisborne At Cales Malis Before the Condado Before S. Mathews A middes the Heads betwéene Douer and Calice From Dunckercke to Graueling From Cane to Estaples From Deepe to Cane From Bertram to the Caskets From Dartmouth to Excester 1 2 15 1 3 0 2 3 0   2 3 45 3 3 45 3 4 30 4 4 30 4 5 15   5 5 15 5 6 0 6 6 0 6 6 45 7 6 45 7 7 30 8 7 30 8 8 15 9 8 15   9 9 0 10 9 0 10 9 45   11 9 45 11 10 30 12 10 30 12 11 15 13 11 15 13 12 0 14 12 0 14 12 45 15 12 45 15 1 30 W.S.w. Moone full Sea The Ebbe W. and by S. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 4 30 In the Brefond and Vourd At Marie port At Calice within the Créeke On the West coast of Ireland At Obeurac In Moushole hauen Before the riuer of Humber From Oastend to saint Catherins From Dierliet to Strusart The Bresont out and in From Cape de Cleere to Saltees From Lundie to Milford From Wales into the chanell of Brustol From the Sorlings to the lands end From the Start to Portland 0 5 15 Within Falmouth Within Plimmouth Within Dartmouth At the Lezard Before S. Poul Within Garnsey In the Sea of VValles Before Lyn. From the I le of Base to Dorsey and the
S.w. M. From Haerlem vnto the Riuer of the Maes S.w. and N.E. Before the Maes and the I le of Goere with a S.S.w. M. At Rotterdam with a S.w. and N.E. On all the Sea coastes of Sealand with a S.S.w. M. At Antwerpe with an E. and w. M. Before the Wielinghe with a S.S.w. M. Full Sea vpon all the coastes of Flaunders Normandie Britaine Gascoine Biscay Galicia Portugall and Spaine ON all the coastes of Flaunders with a S. and N. Moone On the out side of the banckes of Flaunders S.w. N.E. At Swaertenes or Blackney with a S.S.w. M. At Bolleyne Deepe and at Seyn head or the mouth of the Riuer of Seyne with a S.S.E.M. Within the Seyne with a S.E.M. Before the hauen of Cane with a S. and by E. Within the Fosse of Cane with a S.S.E.M. Before Cherborough and the Ras of Blancquert S. and N.M. At the I le of Garnzey W. and by S. At Concall and saint Malo E. and w. M. At the Sept Iles with a w. S.w. M. On saint Poul and on the out side of Vshant E. and w. M. On al the coasts of Britaine Poictou Gascoine S.w. N.E.m. In the Baye within Vshant w.s.w.m. At saint Mathews poynt and at Fontenau S.w. and by S.M. Before the Riuer of Nantes and before the Bay S.w. N.E.M. Before the Kiliates and Porthuys with a S.w. and N.E.M. Before Brouage in the Riuer with a S.w. and by w. M. Before the Riuer of Bordeaux with a S.w. and N.E.M. Within the Riuer of Roiane with a S.w. and by w. M. On all the coastes of Biscaye Galicia Portugall and Spaine with a S.w. and N.E.M. Within all the hauens aforesaid with a S.w. and by w. M. At saint Ian de Luz with a S.S.E.M. In the Condado with a s. and N.M. Full Sea on all the Coastes of England Scotland Ireland AT Tinmouth before the Riuer of Newcastell S.W. Moone Before Hartlepool or the Riuer of Tees mouth a S.W.M. Before Whitbuy and Robbinheads Bay with a S. W.M. At scarborough and Flamborough head W.S.W.M. At Hull within the Riuer of Humber E. and W.M. Before the hauen of Lynn with an E. and W.M. Before Humbers mouth in the Sea with a N.W.M. At Burnam and Blackeney with a E. and W.M. Before Cromer Winterton and Yarmouth with a S.E.M. At Yarmouth and Lestoffe with a S.S.E.M. At Orford and Harwich with a S. and by E.M. On the outside of Harwich bankes S.S. E.M. Before Margate and the Thames mouth with a S. and by E. M. At the Foreland with a S. and N.M. In the Downes before Sandwich S.S.W.M. At Douer within the hauen S. and N.M. In the middes of the Heads or Straight S.W.M. Alongst the Shingles or the Nesse poynt S.S. w. M. Within the Chamber before Winchelsey S. and by E.M. Before the Beach at shore with a S. and N.M. At Hampton before the Kay with a S. and N.M. Before the I le of Wight and Portesmouth S. and by E.M. On the West end of Wight with a S.S.W.M. By Portland in the Channell with a N.N.W.M. Within the Ras of Portland with a S. E.M. Before the Startpoint in the Channell W.N.W.M. Within Torbay and Dartmouth with a w. and by S. M. Within Plymmouth and Foye with an w. and by S. M. Before Foye in the Channell with an E. S.E.M. At the Lizard to shore with a E. S.S.M. Before the Sorlinges or Silley in the Channell E. and W.M. Betwéene Foye Falemouth in the Channell W. and by W.M. Within Montsbay with a E.N.E.M. Within the Iles of Silley or Sorlinges N.E. by E.M. At Lundy and at the Holmes of Bristow E. and W.M. Within Bristow to the shore with an E. and by S.M. In the Sea of Wales or Seuerne with a W.S.W.M. At Caldie and Milford with a w. and by S.M. At Waterford and all the Sea coastes of Ireland W.S.W.M. All the West coastes of Ireland W.S.W.M. ❧ AN INSTRVCTION TO KNOVV HOVV MANY LEAGVES YOV DO SAILE VPPON EVERY POINT OF THE COMPASSE FOR A DEGREE VVHEN YOV TAKE YOVR COVRSE BESIDES THE SOVTH OR NORTH OVT OF THE RIGHT MERIDIAN LINE And hovv muche you decline tovvardes the East or vvest vppon euery poynt or course on this side or beyonde the Acquinoctiall VPon the South or North point vve hold still one Meridian     and you shall sayle to rayse one degree leag 15. Vpon the South and by vvest poynt for one degree leag 15. ½ you are declined from the Meridian leag 3. Vpon the South South-vvest poynt for one degree leag 16. you are declined from the Meridian leag 6. Vpon the Southvvest and by south poynt for one degree leag 18. you are then declined from the Meridian leag 10. Vpon a Northeast and a southvvest course one degree is leag 21. then are you declined from the Meridian leag 15. Vpon a southvvest and by vvest course one degree is leag 27. then are you beside the Meridian leag 22. Vpon a vvest southvvest course your sayle for one degree leag 40. then are you past the Meridian leag 36. Vpon a vvest and by south course for one degree you run leag 78. then haue you left the Meridian Line leag 75. But sayling an East and VVest course you remayne alvvayes in the same Parallell betvveene the Pole and the Aequator declining neither Northvvardes nor southvvardes but keeping the same height of the Pole continually After this maner may you consider the other three quarters     A COMPASSE AND TABLE CONTAINING THE READIEST AND SHORTEST VVAY TO FIND OVT AL THE TIDES ALONGST AL THE COASTES OF SPAINE FRANCE England Ireland Flaunders Holland and Frisland as well within the hauens as without from shoare of which compasse the inner Circle sheweth the full seas vpon all those coastes and in the hauens themselues The other vtter Circle sheweth the full seas off from shoare alongst all those saide coastes in the chanels or other deepes 〈…〉 THIS VPPER HALF CIRCLE declareth the Nomber of Leagues that you must sayle uppon eache point of the compasse before you can rayse or laye a Degree Southwards or Northwards The nether half circle conteineth the Number of Leagues which you run from y or Meridian in altering of each point of the Compasse A DECLARATION OF THE TABLE FOLOWING WHICH CONTEIneth all the full seas and ebs vpon the same point THis is first to be noted that all the places which haue their full seas on the same poyncte are sorted togither in the table following whose partes haue this order The first number of the Columne noteth the age of the moone the two that follow signifie the houres and minutes of the tide in those places assigned As for example At the new or full moone you haue at Enchuysen and in all the places ranged with it vnder the title of a South and North Moone full sea at 12. a clocke VVhen the Moone is one day old it shall be there full sea
seeke also for the day of the yeere in the next Table to the Catalogue and substract the houres and minutes which you finde there from the houres and minutes which are alotted to the starre and that which remayneth signifieth the houres and minutes of the mid-day last past But if it shall happen that the starre shall haue lesse houres and minutes then a naturall day hath then adde 24. houres to those of the starre and substract as aforesaid It will appeare more plainely by this example Wee haue before marked Spica virginis vppon the 10. of Ianuary and therefore must we seeke out the houre of his obseruation In the Catalogue right against this starre are 13. houres and 3. minutes and in the Table of the dayes the 10. day of Ianuary hath 20. houres and 10. minutes Wherefore we adde 24. houres to the houres of the starre and they make together 37. houres and 3. minutes Substract from hence 20. houres and 10. minutes and there remaine 16. houres and 53. minutes which are the houres from the last midday And therefore the obseruation was made at 4. a clocke 53. minutes in the morning or after midnight An other example is Wagenar saw the 11. day of Ianuary aforesaid Palilicium or Oculus Tauri In the Catalogue you shall finde hard by the starre 4. houres 12. minutes Likewise the Table of the dayes about the 11. day of Ianuary giueth you 20. houres 14. minutes And because the houres of the starre are fewer then those of the day he added 24. houres which being put together make 28. and 12. minutes Hee substracted from them 20. houres 14. minutes and there remayned 7. houres and 58. minutes And therefore the time to marke the starre was at 7. a clocke and 58. minutes in the afternoone I will also shew a third example The 17. of March Anno Domini 1583. Wagenar tooke the Meridian altitude of the starre called Rostrum Corui that is the Rauens byll the houre thereof hee gathered after this manner In the Catalogue where this starre is mencioned you haue 11. houres 48. minutes In the Table of the dayes you finde 17. dayes of March houres 0. minutes 24. which beeing deducted from the houres of the starre are 11. houres and 24. minutes remayning Wherefore this obseruation was taken the 11. houre 24. minutes after midday And so proceed with other fixed starres The Dodecatemories in the Zodiacke are partly Northerly and partly Southerly The North signes are Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo for the Summer season the Southerne are Libra Scorpius Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius Pisces which are the signes for the Winter To euery seuerall signe are appoynted particular moneths March Aprill May Iune Iuly August are assigned for the Summer and September October Nouember December Ianuary February for the Winter A CATALOGVE OF THE MORE FAMOVS FIXED STARRES WITH THEIR LONGITVDE DECLINATION RIGHT ASCENSION CONVERTED INTO HOWERS AND MAGNITVDE RECTIFIED TO THE BEGINNING OF THE YEERE 1588.     Longitude Deg. Min. Declin Deg. Min.   Right as Ho. Min. Mag. * Cornu Arietis praecedens The Rains horne ♈ 7 58 17 35 N 1 33 3 * Dexter humerus Cephei Cepheus right shoulder ♈ 7 58 61 11 N 21 10 3 * The vtmost of Eridanus ♈ 21 28 40 36 N 2 53 1 * Scheder Andromedas shoulder blade ♈ 16 38 28 57 N 0 19 3 * Mirach Andromedas girdle ♈ 25 8 33 57 N 0 48 3 * Pegasus wing or shoulder ♈ 3 28 12 49 N 23 52 2 * Pegasus legge Caput Andromedae ♈ 9 8 27 19 N 23 49 2 * The Whales belly ♈ 16 18 12 3 S 1 31 3 * The Whales necke ♈ 28 58 7 13 N 1 54 4 * The Whales brest ♈ 23 18 13 43 S 2 3 3 * Menkar The Whales snowf ♉ 8 58 2 47 N 2 42 3 * Schedar Cassiopeas brest ♉ 2 8 54 24 N 0 17 3 * Cassiopeas chayre ♉ 7 58 58 32 N 0 31 3 * Algenib Perseus right side ♉ 16 8 48 9 N 2 55 3 * Rasalgol Medusaes head ♉ 20 58 40 1 N 2 43 2 * The first and Northermost of the Pleiades ♉ 23 28 23 1 N 3 19 5 * The hinder Southermost of the Pleiades ♉ 23 48 23 16 N 3 20 5 * The vtmost of the Pleiades ♉ 24 58 24 12 N 3 25 5 * Trapezium The least of the Pleiades ♉ 23 58 23 43 N 3 21 5 * Succule The first of the Hyades ♉ 29 58 14 33 N 3 56 3 * Aldebaran Palilicium The Buls eye ♊ 3 58 15 54 N 4 12 1 * Bedelgeuse Orions right shoulder ♊ 23 18 6 19 N 5 34 1 * Elgeuse Bellatrix Orions left shoulder ♊ 15 18 5 15 N 5 4 2 * Rigel Orions left foote ♊ 11 38 9 10 S 4 53 1 * The first of Orions girdle ♊ 16 38 1 16 S 5 11 2 * The middlemost of the belt ♊ 18 38 1 46 S 5 19 2 * The last of Orions girdle ♊ 20 38 2 18 S 5 26 2 * The Wainmans right shoulder ♊ 24 8 43 19 N 5 30 2 * Alhaiot His left shoulder The goate ♊ 16 18 45 7 N 4 48 1 * Alrucaba The North Pole starre ♊ 21 28 86 31 N 0 21 3 * Canopus The South starre ♋ 8 28 51 38 S 6 14 1 * Alhabor Syrius The great Dogge ♋ 8 58 15 55 S 6 29 1 * Algomeisa Procyon The lesser Dogge ♋ 20 28 5 52 N 7 20 1 * Rasalgeuse Geminies head ♋ 14 38 32 16 N 7 8 2 * Hercules The other Twins head ♋ 17 58 28 28 N 7 21 2 * The Souther guarde ♌ 8 28 75 35 N 14 0 2 * The Norther guarde ♌ 17 28 72 54 N 14 43 2 * Alphard The cleerest of the Snake ♌ 21 18 5 3 S 9 9 2 * Pectus Cancri The Maunger ♌ 1 38 20 29 N 8 16 Neb. * Dubhe The great Beares shoulder ♌ 11 58 62 27 N 10 46 2 * The great Beares nauill ♌ 13 28 58 7 N 10 33 2 * The great Beares tayle ♌ 24 23 59 9 N 11 46 3 * The great Beares left hinder legge ♌ 25 18 55 14 N 11 31 2 * Calb eleced Basiliscus The Lyons heart ♌ 23 48 13 46 N 9 45 1 * The Lyons necke ♌ 23 28 21 43 N 9 55 2 * The Lyons loynes ♍ 5 28 22 11 N 10 51 2 * Alioth The first of the great Beares tayle ♍ 3 28 57 29 N 12 33 2 * The middlemost of his tayle ♍ 9 18 56 49 N 13 1 2 * Elkerd bennenaz The last of the Beares taile ♍ 21 8 51 6 N 13 29 2 * The vtmost of the Virgins winge ♍ 20 18 9 22 N 11 34 3 * Deneb eleced The Lyons tayle ♍ 15 48 16 29 N 11 27 1 * Fundus Crateris Crater The Cupps bottome ♍ 17 38 16 15 S 10 38 4 * Praeuindemiatrix The Vintager ♎ 3 28 12 31 N 12 37 2 * Spica
6 27 21 21 23 20 1 1 2 57 4 56 7 4 9 3 10 58 12 50 14 45 16 56 19 10 28 21 25 23 23 1 5 3 1 5 0 7 8 9 7 11 1 12 54 14 49 17 0 19 15 29 21 29   1 8 3 4 5 4 7 12 9 10 11 5 12 57 14 53 17 5 19 19 30 21 33   1 12 3 8 5 8 7 16 9 14 11 9 13 1 14 57 17 9 19 24 31 21 37   1 16   5 12   9 18 11 13   15 1   19 28 CERTEINE FIXED STARRES WHICH best fit the Crosse staffe calculated as touching their declination for the beginning of the yeare 1586.       Mag. Declin Deg. Mi.   * This fixed starre is euer in the Meridian when the Guards are aloft in the South-east part of the heauen Alhabor or great Dogge The South starre 1 15. 55 S The Haruest starre * This is in the Meridian when the former starres are in the East part of heauen Alphard The brightest of Hydra 3 5. 3 S The Winter starre * This is in the Meridian when the Guards are North and by East Azimech The Virgins spike 1 8. 53 S A Winter starre * This is in the Meridian when the Guards are in the North-west Antares The Scorpions heart 2 26. 27 S The Spring starre * This is in the Meridian when the Guards are in the West and by North. The brightest in Sagittaries brest 3 26.27 S A Summer starre * This is in the Meridian when the Guards are in the South-west Deneb kaytos The Whales tayle 3 19.48 S A Summer starre THE VVAY TO FINDE OVT THE HEIGHT OF THE POLE BY THE STARRES WHICH ARE WITHIN the Tropicks declining from the Aequator FIrst you haue the South star called Alhabor or the great dog which declineth from the Aequator 15. deg 55. min. to the Southwardes Take his distance from the Zenith and substract from it the degrees and minuts of the declination because it is Southerly the remainder sheweth the height of the Pole But if the Poles height must be sought for by Orions right shoulder ad to his distance from the Zenith 6. deg 19. minutes of the declination because it is Northward and you shall finde that you seeke for But if you will finde it out by Orions left foote substract from the distaunce thereof to the Zenith 9. degrees 10. minutes of the declination because it is Southward the rest sheweth the height of the Pole And in like maner shall you proceede by the first of Orions girdle For substracting from the distaunce thereof to the Zenith one degree 16. minutes of Southerne declination the residue is the Poles height So may you doe with all the starres which are within the Tropicks declining from the Aequator so that their declinations both Southerne and Northerne in the iust degrees and minutes be first knowne vnto you For if the declination be Southward it must be subducted from the Zenithes distance but if Northward added and then the whole some or the remainder will demonstrate the height of the Pole The meridian height of the Starre is taken by the crosse staffe or other fit instrumentes and being deducted from 90. degrees sheweth you the distance from the zenith The Poles height may also be found by the starres which turne about the Pole within the Arcticke circle and euery 24. houres passe the meridian twise vnder and ouer the Pole so that you may take them twise in one day if occasion serue for example The middle starre of the Guardes in Vrsa minor declineth from the Acquinoctiall 75. degrees 40. minutes distant from the Pole both aboue and vnder 14. degrees 20. minutes Take his meridian height and adde to it the degrees of the Poles distance if it be aboue or substract it if it be vnder the summe or the remainder wil shew the eleuation The same way must you worke by the stars of Vrsa maior which are more in number so that you certainly know their distances from the Pole being vnder or aboue by adding as is sayd the degrees of the distance to the Altitude which you finde if it be aboue the Pole or subtracting if it be vnder So may you worke with the rest of the starres which can be seene and applied to vse by Nauigatours A DECLARATION OF THIS instrument which followeth IN the compasse and borders of the vttermost circle there is set down the circulare course of the Guardes in Vrsa Minor as they turne in al the 8. points of the instrument or compasse about the North starre which haue also certeine numbers assigned both to be added and substracted so that when the said starres come in any of those pointes you must adde or substract the number which is there marked You must also know that all the stars do passe the meridian but euery one in a seuerall declination from the Aequator The other compasse or circle which moueth hath the chiefest of these starres which enuiron the Pole or are caried round within the Tropikes of Cancer and Capricorne The Northerne stars serue to finde out without difficultie the houres of the night at any time of the yere especially the Guardes in Vrsa Minor which on the 30. day of Aprill at midnight stand North aboue the Pole and then is it 12. a clocke at after midnoone And after 15. dayes the said stars remaine in the same place at eleuen a clock at night and at the ende of May at ten a clock so that in euery 24. houres by 4. minutes of an houre they preuent the same place and in euery 15. dayes one houre sooner they become North aboue the pole which if any man do rightly mark he may easely find out the houre of the night at any time But if you will fitly apply to this purpose of the South starres the greatest part whereof do moue within the Tropikes of Cancer and Capricorn you shal turne about the vppermost round circle or the moueable wheele wherein the Guardes of Vrsa minor are purtraied taking the same point in this circle you shal set it right vpon the Southeast poynt of the compasse where you shal beginne Then the Southerne starre which is called Canis Maior and Alhabor will stand in the Meridian about 16. degrees from the Aequator Three houres after when the said stars are in the East point Lucida hydrae which is also called Alphard standeth in the Meridian and right aboue it is placed the Maunger or Nebulosa Cancri But when the same stars are North northeast and North by East then Spica virginis standeth in the Meridian and about 4. houres after when those Guardes or watchers of Vrsa minor being mounted higher possesse the N. w. region of the firmament Cor Scorpii standeth in the Meridian declining from the Aequator almost 25. degrees But when the sayd stars beare west and by North then Lucida Sagittarii keepeth the Meridian but when you