LICENSED BY Roger L'estrange Novemb. the 28. 1673. AN ACCOUNT OF TWO VOYAGES TO NEW-ENGLAND Wherein you have the setting out of a Ship with the charges The prices of all necessaries for furnishing a Planter and his Family at his first coming A Description of the Countrey Natives and Creatures with their Merchantil and Physical use The Government of the Countrey as it is now possessed by the English c. A large Chronological Table of the most remarkable passages from the first discovering of the Continent of America to the year 1673. By John Josselyn Gent. Memner distich rendred English by Dr. Heylin Heart take thine ease Men hard to please Thou haply might'st offend Though one speak ill Of thee some will Say better there 's an end London Printed for Giles Widdows at the Green-Dragon in St. Paul's-Church-yard 1674. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE AND MOST ILLUSTRIOUS THE President Fellows OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY The following Account of Two VOYAGES TO New-England Is Most Humbly presented By the Authour John Josselyn To the Reader YOV are desired by the Authour to correct some literal faulis which by reason of the raggedness of the Copy have been committed G. Widdows ERRATA PAge 4. line 10. for So tler read Soâ—â—ler p. 8. l. 9. fâ—r fu'd r. iâ—'d p. 12. l. 28. for pound r. pint p. 15. l. 11. for Two pound r. Two shillings p. 16 l. 27. for hâ—ads r. steels p. 88. l. 3. to the 18 is misplaced it shou'd come in the next page in the beginning of the 10 l. aâ—ter contricute your belief p. 89. l. 14. for horns r. horn p. 89. l. 17. for lo r. law p. 97. l. 9 for this r. his p. 98. l. 13. for then r. still p. 110. for point r. joynt p. 114. l. 9. for it will r. that will p. 115. l. 2. for conveniam r. conveniant p. 132. l 7. for with r. in p. 153. for Auravia r. A raâ—ia p. 154. l. 11. for Longlace r. Lovelace p. 180. l. 9. r. true Religion p. 181. l. 16. for main travelling Women r. many strange Women some stops and points to are not right as p. 181. l. 4. the stop should be at onely so p. 181. l. 30. the stop should be after evil eye p. 201. l. 2. it must be at low water p. 191. l. 1. r. 1624. p. 197. l. 13. r. Tâ—aâ—â—oes p. 202. l. 17. r. Aconenticus p. 229. l. 21. for and r. who p. 252. l. 10. r. Thomas Dudâ—y Isaâ—â— Johnson Esquires p. 274. l. 13. and 14.1 Buccanâ—rs A RELATION OF TWO VOYAGES TO New-England The first Voyage ANNO Dom. 1638. April the 26th being Thursday I came to Gravesend and went aboard the New Supply alias the Nicholas of London a Ship of good force of 300 Tuns burden carrying 20 Sacre and Minion man'd with 48 Sailers the Master Robert Taylor the Merchant or undertaker Mr. Edward Tinge with 164 Passengers men women and children At Gravesend I began my Journal from whence we departed on the 26. of April about Six of the clock at night and went down into the Hope The 27. being Fryday we set sail out of the Hope and about Nine of the clock at night we came to an Anchor in Maâ—garet-Road in three fathom and a half water by the way we past a States man of war of 500 Tun cast away a month before upon the Goodwin nothing remaining visible above water but her main mast top 16 oâ— her men were drowned the rest saved by Fishermen The 28. we twined into the Downs where Captain Clark one of His Majesties Captains in the Navy came aboard of us in the afternoon and prest two of our Trumpeters Here we had good store of Flounders from the Fishermen new taken out of the Sea and living which being readily gutted were fry'd while they were warm me thoughts I never tasted of a delicater Fish in all my life before The Third of May being Ascension day in the afternoon we weighed out of the Downs the wind at E. and ran down into Dover Road and lay by the lee whilst they sent the Skiffe ashore for one of the Masters mates by the way we past Sandwich in the Hope Sandown-Castle Deal So we steered away for Doniesse from thence we steered S. W. ½ S. for the Beachie about one of the clock at night the wind took us a stayes with a gust rain thunder and lightning and now a Servant of one of the passengers sickned of the small pox The Fifth day in the afternoon we Anchored the Isle of Wight W.N.W. 10 leagues off Beachie E. N. E. 8 leagues off rode in 32 fathom-water at low water at 8 of the clock at night the land over the Needles bore N. W. 4 leagues off we steered W. afore the Start at noon the Boult was N. W. by W. about 3½ leagues off we were becalmed from 7 of the clock in the morning till 12 of the clock at noon where we took good store of Whitings and half a score Gurnets this afternoon an infinite number of Porpisces shewed themselves above water round about the Ship as far as we could kenn the night proved tempestuous with much lightning and thunder The Sixth day being Sunday at five of the clock at night the Lizard was N. W. by W. 6 leagues off and the Blackhead which â—s to the westward of Falmouth was N. W. about 5 leagues off The Seventh day the uttermost part of Silly was N. E. 12 leagues off and now we â—egan to sail by the logg The Eighth day one Boremans man a passenger was duck'd at the main yards arm for being drunk with his Masters strong waters which he stole thrice and fire given to two whole Sacree at that instant Two mighty Whales we now saw the one spouted water through two great holes in her head into the Air a great height and making a great noise with pussing and blowing the Seamen called her a Soutler the other was further off about a league from the Ship fighting with the Sword-fish and the Flail-fish whose stroakes with a fin that growes upon her back like a flail upon the back of the Whale we heard with amazement when presently some more than half as far again we spied a spout from above it came pouring down like a River of water So that if they should light in any Ship she were in danger to be presently sunk down into the Sea and falleth with such an extream violence all whole together as one drop or as water out of a Vessel and dured a quarter of an hour making the Sea to boyle like a pot and if any Vessel be near it sucks it in I saw many of these spouts afterwards at nearer distance In the afternoon the Mariners struck a Porpisce called also a Marsovius or Sea-hogg with anâ— harping Iron and hoisted her aboard they cut some of it into thin pieces and fryed it tasts like rusty Bacon or hung Beef if not worse but the Liver
boiled and soused sometime in Vinegar is more grateful to the pallat About 8 of the clock at night a flame settled upon the main mast it was about the bigness of a great Candle and is called by our Seamen St. Elmes fire it comes before a storm and is commonly thought to be a Spirit if two appear they prognosticate safety These are known to the learned by the names of Castor and Pollux to the Italians by St. Nicholas and St. Hermes by the Spaniards called Corpos Santes The Ninth day about two of the clock in the afternoon we found the head of our main mast close to the cap twisted and shivered and we presently after found the fore-top-mast crackt a little above the cap So they wolled them both and about two of the clock in the morning 7 new long Boat oars brake away from our Star-board quarter with a horrid crack The Eleventh day they observed and made the Ship to be in latitude 48 degrees 46 minuts having a great Sea all night about 6 of the clock in the morning we spake with Mr. Rupe in a Ship of Dartmouth which came from Marcelloes and now is Silly N. E. by E. 34 leagues off about 9 of the clock at night we sounded and had 85 fathom water small brownish pepperie sand with a small piece of Hakes Tooth and now we are 45 leagues off the Lizard great Seas all night and now we see to the S. W. six tall Ships the wind being S. W. The Twelfth day being Whitsunday at prayer-time we found the Ships trine a foot by the stern and also the partie that was sick of the small pox now dyed whom we buried in the Sea tying a bullet as the manner is to his neck and another to his leggs turned him out at a Port-hole giving fire to a great Gun In the afternoon one Martin Jvy a stripling servant to Captain Thomas Cammock was whipt naked at the Cap-stern with a Cat with Nine tails for filching 9 great Lemmons out of the Chirurgeons Cabbin which he eat rinds and all in less than an hours time The Thirteenth day we took a Sharke a great one and hoisted him aboard with his two Companions for there is never a Sharke but hath a mate or two that is the Pilot fish or Pilgrim which lay upon his back close to a long finn the other fish some what bigger than the Pilot about two foot long called a Remora it hath no scales and sticks close for the Shâ—â—kes belly So the Whale hath the Sea-gudgeon a small fish for his mate marching before him and guiding him which I have seen likewise The Seamen divided the Sharke into quarters and made more quarter about it than the Purser when he makes five quarters of an Oxe and after they had cooked him he proved very rough Grain'd not worthy of wholesome preferment but in the afternoon we took store of Bonitoes or Spanish Dolphins a fish about the size of a large Mackarel beautified with admirable varietie of glittering colours in the water and was excellent food The Fourteenth day we spake with a Plimouth man about dinner time bound for New-found-land who having gone up west-ward sprang a leak and now bore back for Plimouth Now was Silly 50 leagues off and now many of the passengers fall sick of the small Pox and Calenture The Sixteenth Mr. Clarke who came out of the Downs with us and was bound for the Isle of Providence one of the summer Islands the Spaniards having taken it a little before though unknown to Clarke and to Captain Nathaniel Butler going Governour they now departed from us the Wind N. W. great Seas and stormie winds all night The Seventeenth day the wind at N. W. about 8 of the clock we saw 5 great Ships bound for the Channel which was to the Westward of us about two leagues off we thought them to be Flemmings here we expected to have met with Pirates but were happily deceived The One and twentieth day the wind S. by W. great Seas and Wind fu'd our courses and tryed from 5 of the clock afternoon till 4 in the morning the night being very stormie and dark we lost Mr. Gâ—odlad and his Ship who came out with us and bound for Boston in New-England The Eight and twentieth day all this while a very great grown Sea and mighty winds June the first day in the afternoon very thick foggie weather we sailed by an inchanted Island saw a great deal of filth and rubbish floating by the Ship heard Cawdimawdies Sea-gulls and Crowes Birds that alwayes frequent the shoar but could see nothing by reason of the mist towards Sun-set when we were past the Island it cleared up The Fourteenth day of June very foggie weather we sailed by an Island of Ice which lay on the Star-board side three leagues in length mountain high in form of land with Bayes and Capes like high clift land and a River pouring off it into the Sea We saw likewise two or three Foxes or Devils skipping upon it These Islands of Ice are congealed in the North and brought down in the spring-time with the Current to the banks on this side New-found-land and there stopt where they dissolve at last to water by that time we had sailed half way by it we met with a French Pickeroon Here it was as cold as in the middle of January in England and so continued till we were some leagues beyond it The Sixteenth day we sounded and found 35 fathom water upon the bank of New-found-land we cast our our hooks for Cod-fish thick foggie weather the Codd being taken on a Sanday morning the Sectaries aboard threw those their servants took into the Sea again although they wanted fresh victuals but the Sailers were not so nice amongst many that were taken we had some that were wasted Fish it is observable and very strange that fishes bodies do grow slender with age their Tails and Heads retaining their former bigness Fish of all Creatures have generally the biggest heads and the first part that begins to taint in a fish is the head The Nineteenth day Captain Thomas Cammock a near kinsman of the Earl of Warwicks now had another lad Thomas Jones that dyed of the small pox at eight of the clock at night The Twentieth day we saw a great number of Sea-bats or Owles called also flying fish they are about the bigness of a Whiting with sour tinsel wings with which they fly as long as they are wet when pursued by other fishes Here likewise we saw many Grandpisces or Herring-hogs hunting the scholes of Herrings in the afternoon we saw a great fish called the vehuella or Sword fish having a long strong and sharp finn like a Sword-blade on the top of his head with which he pierced our Ship and broke it off with striving to get loose one of our Sailers dived and brought it aboard The One and twentieth day we met with two Bristow men bound for
New-England and now we are 100 and 75 leagues off Cape-Sable the sandy Cape for so Sable in French signifieth off of which lyeth the Isle of Sable which is beyond New-found-land where they take the Amphibious Creature the Walrus Mors or Sea-Horse The Two and twentieth another passenger dyed of a Consumption Now we passed by the Southern part of New-found-land within sight of it the Southern part of New-found-land is said to be not above 600 leagues from England The Six and twentieth day Capt. Thomas Cammock went aboard of a Barke of 300 Tuns laden with Island Wine and but 7 men in her and never a Gun bound for Richmonds Island set out by Mr. Trelaney of Plimouth exceeding hot weather now The Eight and twentieth one of Mr. Edward Ting's the undertakers men now dyed of the Phthisick The Nine and twentieth day sounded at night and found 120 fathome water the head of the Ship struck against a rock At 4 of the clock we descryed two sail bound for New-found-land and so for the Streights they told us of a general Earth-quake in New-England of the Birth of a Monster at Boston in the Massachusets-Bay a mortality and now we are two leagues off Cape Aun The Thirtieth day proved stormie and having lost the sight of Land we saw none untill the morning doubtfully discovering the Coast fearing the Lee-shore all night we bore out to Sea July the first day we founded at 8 of the clock at night and found 93 fathome water descried land The Third day we Anchored in the Bay of Massachusets before Boston Mr. Tinges other man now dyed of the small pox The Tenth day I went a shore upon Noddles Island to Mr. Samuel Maverick for my passage the only hospitable man in all the Countrey giving entrtainment to all Comers gratis Now before I proceed any further it will not be Impertinent to give the intending planter some Instructions for the furnishing of himself with things necessary and for undertaking the Transport of his Family or any others To which end observe that a Ship of 150 Tuns with 2 Decks and a half and 26 men with 12 pieces of Ordnance the charge will amount per moneth with the Mariners to 120 pound per moneth It is better to let the Owners undertake for the Victualling of the Mariners and their pay for Wages and the Transporter only to take care of the passengers The common proportion of Victuals for the Sea to a Mess being 4 men is as followeth Two piece of Beef of 3 pound and ¼ per piece Four pound of Bread One pound 1 â— of Pease Four Gallons of Bear with Mustard and Vinegar for three flesh dayes in the week For four fish dayes to each mess per day Two pieces of Codd or Habberdine making three pieces of a fish One quarter of a pound of Butter Four pound of Bread Three quarters of a pound of Cheese Bear as before Oatmeal per day for 50 men Gallon 1. and so proportionable for more or fewer Thus you see the Ships provision is Beef or Porke Fish Butter Cheese Pease Pottage Water-gruel Bisket and six shilling Bear For private fresh provision you may carry with you in case you or any of yours should be sick at Sea Conserves of Roses Clove-gilliflowers Wormwood Green-Ginger Burnt-Wine English Spirits Prunes to stew Raisons of the Sun Currence Sugar Nutmeg Mace Cinnamâ—n Pepper and Ginger White Bisket or Spanish rusk Eggs Rice juice of Lemmons well put up to cure or prevent the Scurvy Small Skillets Pipkins Porrengers and small Frying pans To prevent or take away Sea sickness Conserve of Wormwood is very proper but these following Troches I prefer before it First make paste of Sugar and Gum-Dragagant mixed together then mix therewith a reasonable quantitie of the powder of Cinnamâ—n and Ginger and if you please a little Musk also and make it up into Roules of several fashions which you may gild of this when you are troubled in your Stomach take and eat a quantity according to discretion Apparel for one man and after the rate for more  l. s. d. One Hatt 0 3 0 One Monmouth Cap 0 1 10 Three falling bands 0 1 3 Three Shirts 0 7 6 One Wastcoat 0 2 6 One suit of Frize 0 19 0 One suit of Cloth 0 15 0 One suit of Canvas 0 7 6 Three pair of Irish Stockins 0 5 0 Four pair of Shoos 0 8 0 One pair of Canvas Sheets 0 8 0 Seven ells of course Canvas to make a bed at Sea for two men to be filled with straw 0 5 0 One course Rug at Sea for two men 0 6 0 Sum Total 4 0 0 Victuals for a whole year to be carried out of England for one man and so for more after the rate  l. s. d. Eight bushels of Meal 2 0 0 Two bushels of Pease at three shillings a bushel 0 6 0 Two bushels of Oatmeal at four and six pence the bushel 0 9 0 One Gallon of Aqua vitae 0 2 6 One Gallon of Oyl 0 3 6 Two Gallons of Vinegar 2 0 0 Note Of Sugar and Spice 8 pound make the stone 13 stone and an half i. e. 100 pound maketh the hundred but your best way is to buy your Sugar there for it is cheapest but for Spice you must carry it over with you  l. s. d. A Hogshead of English Beef will cost 5 0 0 A Hogshead of Irish Beef will cost 2 10 0 A Barrel of Oatmeal 0 13 0 A Hogshead of Aqua-vitae will cost 4 0 0 A Hogshead of Vinegar 1 0 0 A bushel of Mustard-seed 0 6 0 A Kental of fish Cod or Habberdine is 112 pound will cost if it be merchantable fish Two or three and thirty Rials a Kental if it be refuse you may have it for 10 or 11 shillings a Kental Wooden Ware  l. s. d. A pair of Bellowes 0 2 0 A Skoope 0 0 9 A pair of Wheels for a Cart if you buy them in the Countrey they will cost 3 or 4 pound 0 14 0 Wheelbarrow you may have there ' in England they cost 0 6 0 A great pail in England will cost 0 0 10 A Boat called a Canow will cost in the Countrey with a pair of Paddles if it be a good one 3 0 0 A short Oake ladder in England will cost but 0 0 10 A Plough 0 3 9 An Axletree 0 0 8 A Cart 0 10 0 For a casting shovel 0 0 10 For a shovel 0 0 6 For a Sack 0 2 4 For a Lanthorn 0 1 3 For Tobacco pipes short heads and great bouls 14 pence and 16 pence the grose  l. s. d. For clipping an hundred sheep in England 0 4 6 For winding the Wool 0 0 8 For washing them 0 2 0 For one Garnish of Peuter 2 0 0 Prizes of Iron Ware Arms for one man but if half of your men have Armour it is sufficient so that all have pieces and swords One Armour compleat light 0
on the back side of the house and happening into a fine broad walk which was a sledg-way I wandered till I chanc't to spye a fruit as I thought like a pine Apple plated with scales it was as big as the crown of a Womans hat I made bold to step unto it with an intent to have gathered it no sooner had I toucht it but hundreds of Wasps were about me at last I cleared my self from them being slung only by one upon the upper lip glad I was that I scaped so well But by that time I was come into the house my lip was swell'd so extreamly that they hardly knew me but by my Garments The Tenth of October I went aboard and we fell down to Nantascot here Mr. Davies Mr. Hicks the Apothecarie in Fleet-streets Son-in-law dyed of the Phthisick aboard on a Sunday in the afternoon The next day Mr. Luxon our Master having been ashore upon the Governours Island gave me half a score very fair Pippins which he brought from thence there being not one Apple-tree nor Pear planted yet in no part of the Countrey but upon that Island The Fifteenth day we set sail from Nantascot The Sixteenth day Mr. Robert Foster one of our passengers Preached aboard upon the 113 Psalm The Lord shall preserve thy going out thy coming in The Sectaries began to quarrel with him especially Mr. Vincent Potter he who was afterwards questioned for a Regicide The Seventeenth day towards Sun-set a Lanner settled upon our main Mast-top when it was dark I hired one of the Sailers to fetch her down and I brought her into England with much ado being fain to feed her with hard Eggs. After this day we had very cold weather at Sea our deck in a morning ore-spread with hoarie frost and dangling Isickles hung upon the Ropes Some say the Sea is hotter in winter than in summer but I did not find it so November the Fifth day about three of the clock in the afternoon the Mariners observed the rising of a little black cloud in the N. W. which increasing apace made them prepare against a coming storm the wind in short time grew to boisterous bringing after us a huge grown Sea at 5 of the clock it was pitchie dark And the bitter storm augments the wild winds wage War from all parts and joyn with the Seas rage The sad clouds sink in showers you would have thought That high-swoln-seas even unto Heaven had wrought And Heaven to Seas descended no star shown Blind night in darkness tempests and her own Dread terrours lost yet this dire lightning turns To more fear'd light the Sea with lightning Burns The Pilot knew not what to chuse or fly Art stood amaz'd in Ambiguity The storm augmenting still the next day about 4 of the clock afternoon we lost our Rudder and with that our hopes so necessary a part it is that a ship without it is like a wild horse without a bridle yet Aristotle that Eagâ—e-ey'd Philosopher could not give a reason why so small a thing as a Helm should rule the ship The Seventh day at night the wind began to dye away the next day we had leasure to repair our breaches it continued calm till the 13 day and all the while we saw many dead bodies of men and women floating by us The Four and twentieth we arrived before Bittiford having past before under Lundee-Island The Second VOYAGE I Have heard of a certain Merchant in the west of England who after many great losses walking upon the Sea-bank in a calm Sun-shining day observing the smoothness of the Sea coming â—n with a chequered or dimpled wave Ah quoth he thou flattering Element many a time hast thou inticed me to throw my self and my fortunes into thy Arms â—ut thou hast hitherto proved treacherous â—hinking to find thee a Mother of encrease 〈◊〉 have found thee to be the Mother of misâ—hief and wickedness yea the Father of â—rodigies therefore being now secure I â—ill trust thee no more But mark this â—ans resolution a while after periculum maris â—es lucri superat So fared it with me that â—aving escaped the dangers of one Voyage â—ust needs put on a resolution for a second â—herein I plowed many a churlish billow with little or no advantage but rather to my loss and detriment In the setting down whereof I purpose not to insist in a methodical way but according to my quality in a plain and brief relation as I have done already for I perceive if I used all the Art that possibly I could it would be difficult to please all for all mens eyes ears faith judgement are not of a size There be a sort of stagnant stinking spirits who like flyes lye sucking at the botches of carnal pleasures and never travelled so much Sea as is between Heth-ferry and Lyon-Key yet notwithstanding sitting in the Chair of the scornful over their whists and draughts of intoxication will desperately censure the relations of the greatest Travellers It was a good proviso of a learned man never to report wonders for in so doing of the greatest he will be sure not to be believed but laughed at which certainly bewraies their ignorance and want of discretion Of Fools and Mad-men then I shall take no care I will not invite these in the least to honour me with a glance from their supercilious eyes but rather advise them to keep their inspection for their fine-tongu'd Romances and playes This homely piece 〈◊〉 protest ingenuously is prepared for such only who well know how to make use of their charitable constructions towards works of this nature to whom I submit my self in all my faculties and proceed in my second voyage Anno 1663. May the Three and twentieth I went down to Gravesend it being Saturday I lay ashore till Monday the fifth about 11 a clock at night I went aboard the Society belonging to Boston in the Massachusets a Colony of English in New-England of 200 and 20 Tun carrying 16 Iron Guns most unserviceable man'd with 33 sailers and 77 passengers men women and children The Six and twentieth day about 6 of the clock in the morning we weighed Anchor and fell down with the tide three or four miles below Gravesend The Seven and twentieth in the afternoon we weighed Anchor and came into the Hope before Deal-Castle here we were wind bound till The 30 day we set sail out of the Downs being Saturday about 9 of the clock in the morning about 4 of the clock â—n the afternoon we came up with Beachy â—y W. at Nore The One and thirtieth at 4 of the clock â—n the morning we came up with the Isle of Wight at 4 of the clock in the afternoon we had Portland N. N. W. of us 6. leagues off the wind being then at N. W. by N. at 5 of the clock we came to Darimouth the wind W. S. W. June the first day being Monday about 4 of the clock Plimouth was about
when Wine in their guts is at full Tide they quarrel fight and do one another mischief which is the conclusion of their drunken compotations When the day of payment comes they may justly complain of their costly sin of drunkenness for their shares will do no more than pay the reckoning if they save a Kental or two to buy shooâ—s and stockins shirts and wastcoats wâ—th 't is well otherwayes they must enter into the Merchants books for such things as they stand in need off becoming thereby the Merchants slaves when it riseth to a big sum are constrained to mortgage their plantation if they have any the Merchant when the time is expired is sure to seize upon their plantation and stock of Cartle turning them out of house and home poor Creatures â—o look out for a new habitation in some remote place where they begin the world again The lavish planters have the same fate partaking with them in the like bad husbandry of these the Merchant buys Beef Pork Pease Wheat and Indian Corn and sâ—lls it again many times to the fishermen Of the same nature are the people in the Dekes province who not long before I left the Countrey petitioned the Governour and Magistrates in the Massachusets to take them into their Government Birds of a feather will ralley together Anno Dom. 1671. The year being now well spent and the Government of the province turned topsiâ—â—vy being heartily weary and expecting the approach of winter I took my leave of my friends at Black-paint And on the 28 of August being Monday I shipt my self and my goods aboard of a shallâ—p bound for Boston towards Sun set â—â—e wind being contrary we put into Gibbâ—ns his Island a small Island in Winner harbour â—bout two leagues from black-point West-ward here we stayed till the 30. day being Wednesday about nine of the clock we set sail and towards Sun-set came up with Gorgiana the 31 day being Thursday we put into Cape-Ann-harbour about Suâ—â—â—t September the 1 being Saturday in the morning before day we seâ— sail and came to Boston about three of the clock in the afternoon where I â—ound the Inhabitants exceedingly â—fflâ—cted with griping of the guts and Heaver and Ague and bloudy Flux The Eight day of October being Wednesday I boarded the new-Supply of Boston 1â—0 Tun a Ship of better saâ—l than defence her Guns being small and for salutation only the Master Capt. Fairweather her sailers 16. and as many passengers Towards night I returned to Boston again the next day being Thanksgiving day on Fryday the Tenth day we weighed Anchor and fell down to Hull The 12 and 13 day about 20 leagues from Cape-Sable a bitter storm took us beginning at seven of the clock at night which put us in terrible fear of being driven upon the Cape or the Island of Sables where many a tall ship hath been wrackt November the One and twenty about two of the clock afternoon we saw within kenning before us thick clouds which put us in hope of land the Boson brings out his purse into which the passengers put their good will then presently he nails it to the main-mast up go the boyes to the mainmast-top sitting there like so many Crowes when after a while one of them cryes out land which was glad tidings to the wearied passengers the boyes descend and the purse being taken from the mast was distributed amongst them the lad that first descryed land having a double share about three of the clock Scilly was three leagues off The Four and twentieth day we came to Deal from thence the 25. to Lee the 26. being Sunday we steemed the Tide to Gravesend about two of the clock afternoon The 27 we came up with Wollich where I landed and refresht my self for that night next day I footed it four or five miles to Bexley in Kent to visit a near kinsman the next day proved rainie the 30 day being Fryday my kinsman accommodated me with a Horse and his man to Greenwich where I took a pair of Oars and went aboard our Ship then lying before Radeliff here I lay that night Next day being Saturday and the first of December I cleared my goods shot the bridge and landed at the Temple about seven of the clock at night which makes my voyage homeward 7 weeks and four days and from my first setting out from London to my returning to London again Eight years Six moneths and odd days Now by the merciful providence of the Almighty having perform'd Two voyages to the North-east parts of the Western-world I am safely arrived in my Native Countrey having in part made good the French proverb Travail where thou canst but dye where thou oughtest that is in thine own Countrey FINIS Chronological OBSERVATIONS OF AMERICA From the year of the World to the year of Christ 1673. LONDON Printed for Giles Widdowes at the Green 〈◊〉 〈…〉 Paul's-Church-yard 1674. The Preface THE Terrestrial World is by our learned Geographers divided into four parts Europe Asia Africa and America so named from Americus Vespucius the Florentine Seven years after Columbus although Columbus and Cabota deserved rather the honour of being Godfathers to it notwithstanding by this name it is now known to us but was utterly unknown to the Ancient Europeans before their times I will not say to the Africans and Asians for Plato in his Timeus relateth of a great Island called Atlantis and Philo the Jew in his book De mundo that it was over-flowen with water by reason of a mighty Earthquake The like happened to it 600 years before Plato thus was the Atlantick Ocean caused to be a Sea if you will believe the same Philosopher who flourished 366 years before the Birth of our Saviour America is bounded on the South with the streight of Magellan where there are many Islands distinguished by an interflowing Bay the West with the pacifique Sea or mare-del-zur which Sea runs towards the North separateing it from the East parts of Asia on the East with the Atlantick or our western Ocean called mare-del-Nort and on the North with the Sea that separateth it from Groveland thorow which Seas the supposed passage to China lyeth these North parts as yet are but barely discovered by our voyagers The length of this new World between the streights of Anian and Magellan is 2400 German miles in breadth between Cabo de fortuna near the Anian streights is 1300 German nâ—tles About 18 leagues from Nombre de dios on the South-Sea lyeth Panama a City having three fair Menasteriâ—s in it where the narrowest part of the Countrey is it is much less than Asia and far bigger than Europe and as the rest of the world divided into Islands and Continent the Continent supposed to contain about 1152400000 Acres The Native people I have spoken of already The discoverers and Planters of Colonies especially in the Northeast parts together with a continuation of the proceedings of the English in
upon a Rock at Cape-Ann a Boat passing by with English aboard and two Indians they would have shot the Serpent but the Indians disswaded them saying that if he were not kill'd out-right they would be all in danger of their lives One Mr. Mittin related of a Triton or Mereman which he saw in Cascebay the Gentleman was a great Fouler and used to goe out with a small Boat or Canow and fetching a compass about a small Island there being many small Islands in the Bay for the advantage of a shot was encountred with a Triton who laying his hands upon the side of the Canow had one of them chopt off with a Hatchet by Mr. Mittin which was in all respects like the hand of a man the Triton presently sunk dying the water with his purple blood and was no more seen The next story was told by Mr. Foxwell now living in the province of Main who having been to the Eastward in a Shallop as far as Cape-Ann-a Waggon in his return was overtaken by the night and fearing to land upon the barbarous shore he put off a little further to Sea about midnight they were wakened with a loud voice from the shore calling upon Foxwell Foxwell come a shore two or three times upon the Sands they saw a great fire and Men and Women hand in hand dancing round about it in a ring after an hour or two they vanished and as soon as the day appeared Foxwell puts into a small Cove it being about three quarters floud and traces along the shore where he found the footing of Men Women and Children shod with shoos and an infinite number of brands-ends thrown up by the water but neither Indian nor English could he meet with on the shore nor in the woods these with many other stories they told me the credit whereof I will neither impeach nor inforce but shâ—ll satisfie my self and I hope the Reader hereof with the saying of a wise learned and honourable Knight that there are many stranger things in the world than are to be seen between London and Stanes September the Sixth day one Mr. John Hickford the Son of Mr. Hickford a Linnen-Draper in Cheapside having been sometime in the province of Main and now determined to return for England sold and kill'd his stock of Cattle and Hoggs one great Sow he had which he made great account of but being very fat and not suspecting that she was with pig he caused her to be kill'd and they sound 25 pigs within her belly verifying the old proverb As fruitful as a white sow And now we were told of a sow in Virginia that brought forth six pigs their fore-parts Lyons their hinder-parts hogs I have read that at Bruxels Anno 1564. a sow brought forth six pigs the first whereof for the last in generating is alwayes in bruit beasts the first brought forth had the head face arms and legs of a man but the whole trunck of the body from the neck was of a swinâ— a sodomitical monster is more like the mother than the father in the organs of the vegetative soul The Three and twentieth I left Black-point and came to Richmonds Island about three leagues to the Eastward where Mr. Tralanie kept a fishing Mr. John Winter a grave and discreet man was his Agent and imployer of 60 men upon that design The Four and twentieth day being Munday I went aboard the Fellowship of 100 and 70 Tuns a Flemish bottom the Master George Luxon of Bittiford in Devonshire several of my friends came to bid me farewell among the rest Captain Thomas Wannerton who drank to me a pint of kill-devil alias Rhum at a draught at 6 of the clock in the morning we weighed Anchor and set sail for the Massachusets-bay The Seven and twentieth day being Fryday we Anchored in the afternoon in the Massachusets-bay before Boston Next day I went aboard of Mr. Hinderson Master of a ship of 500 Tuns and Captain Jackson in the Queen of Bohemia a privateer and from thence I went ashore to Boston where I refreshed my self at an Ordinary Next morning I was invited to a fishermans house somewhat lower within the Bay and was there by his Wife presented with a handful of small Pearl but none of them bored nor orient From thence I crost the Bay to Charles-town where at one Longs Ordinary I met with Captain Jackson and others walking on the back side we spiâ—d a rattle Snake a yard and half long and as thick in the middle as the small of a mans leg on the belly yellow her back spotted with black russet yellow and green placed like scales at her tail she had a rattle which is nothing but a hollow shelly bussiness joynted look how many years old she is so many rattles she hath in her tail her neck seemed to be no bigger than ones Thumb yet she swallowed a live Chicken as big as one they give 4 pence for in England presently as we were looking on In the afternoon I returned to our Ship being no sooner aboard but we had the sight of an Indian-Pinnace sailing by us made of Birch-bark scwed together with the roots of spruse and white Cedar drawn out into threads with a deck and trimmed with sails top and top gallant very sumptuously The Thirtieth day of September I went ashore upon Noddles-Island where when I was come to Mr. Mavericks he would not let me go aboard no more until the Ship was ready to set sail the next day a grave and sober person described the Monster to â—ne that was born at Boston of one Mrs. Dyer a great Sectarie the Nine and twentieth of June it was it should seem without a head but having horns like a Beast and ears scales on a rough skin like a fish called a Thornback legs and claws like 〈◊〉 Hawke and in other respects as a Woman-child The Second of October about 9 of the clock in the morning Mr. Mavericks Negro woman came to my chamber window and in her own Countrey language and tune sang very loud and shril going out to her she used a great deal of respect towards me and willingly would have expressed her grief in English but I apprehended it by her countenance and deportment whereupon I repaired to my host to learn of him the cause and resolved to intreat him in her behalf for that I understood before that she had been a Queen in her own Countrey and observed a very humble and dutiful garb used towards her by another Negro who was her maid Mr. Maverick was desirous to have a breed of Negroes and therefore seeing she would not yield by perswasions to company with a Negro young man he had in his house he commanded him will'd she nill'd she to go to bed to her which was no sooner done but she kickt him out again this she took in high disdain beyond her slavery and this was the cause of her grief In the afternoon I walked into the Woods
9 leagues off our course W. S. W. the Start bore North distant about 6 leagues from whence our reckonings began the wind now E. N. E. a fair gale The second day the Lizard bore N. N. W. in the latitude 51.300 leagues from Cape-Cod in New England our course W. and by S. One of our passengers now dyed of a Consumption The Fifth day we steered S. W. observed and found the ship in latitude 47 degrees and 44 minutes The Tenth day observed and found the ship in laâ—iâ—ude 49 degrees and 24 minutes The Five and twentieth day about 3 of the clock in tâ—e morning we discovered land about 6 of the clock Flowers so called from abundance of flowers and Corvo from a multitude of Crowes two of the Azorâ—â— or western Islands in the Atlantique Oceaâ— not above 250 leagues form Lisbon boâ—â— N. W. of us some 3 leagues off we steereâ— away W. by W. observed and found Floweâ—â— to be in the Southern part in latitude 39 degrees 13 minuts we descryed a Village and a small Church or Chappel seated in a pleasant valley to the Easter-side of the Island the whole Island is rockie and mountanious about 8 miles in compass stored with Corn Wine and Goats and inhabited by out-law'd Portingals the Town they call Santa Cruz. Corvo is not far from this I supposed two or three leagues a meer mountain and very high and steep on all sides cloathed with tall wood on the very top uninhabited but the Flowreans here keep some number of Goats The Seven and twentieth day 30 leagues to the westward of these Islands we met with a small Vessel stoln from Jamaico but 10 men in her and those of several nations English French Scotch Dutch almost samish'd having been out as they told us by reason of calms three moneths bound for Holland July the sixth calm now for two or three dayes our men went out to swim some hoisted the Shallop out and took divers Turtles there being an infinite number of them all over the Sea as far as we could ken and a man may ken at Sea in a clear Air 20 miles they floated upon the top of the water being a sleep and driving gently upon them with the Shallop of a sudden they took hold of their hinder legs and lifted them into the boat if they be not very nimble they awake and presently dive under water when they were brought aboard they sob'd and wept exceedingly continuing to do so till the next day that we killed them by chopping off their heads and having taken off their shells that on their back being fairest is called a Gally patch we opened the body and took out three hearts in one case and which was more strange we perceived motion in the hearts ten hours after they were taken out I have observed in England in my youthful dayes the like in the heart of a Pike and the heart of a Frog which will leap and skip as nimbly as the Frog used to do when it was alive from whom it was taken Likewise the heart of a Pig will stir after it is exenterated Being at a friends house in Cambridg-shire the Cook maid making ready to slaughter a Pig she put the hinder parts between her legs as the usual manner is and taking the snout in her lest hand with a long knife she stuâ—k the Pig and cut the 〈…〉 of the heart almost in two letting 〈…〉 as any bloud came forth 〈…〉 â—â—â—ing of it into a Kettle of boyâ—◠〈…〉 the Pig swom twice round aâ—â—â— the kâ—ttle when taking of it out to the dresser she rubd it with powdered Rozen and stript off the hair and as she was cutting off the hinder pettito the Pig lifts up his head with open mouth as if it would have bitten well the belly was cut up and the entrails drawn out and the heart laid upon the board which notwithstanding the wound it received had motion in it above four hours after there were several of the Family by with my self and we could not otherwayes conclude but that the Pig was bewitched but this by the way Of the Sea Turtles there be five sorts first the Trunck-turtle which is biggest Secondly the Loggerhead-turtle Thirdly the Hawkbill-turtle which with its bill will bite horribly Fourthly the Green-turtle which is best for food it is affirmed that the feeding upon this Turtle for a twelve moneth forbearing all other kind of food will cure absolutely Consumptions and the great pox They are a very delicate food and their Eggs are very wholesome and restorative it is an Amphibious Creature going ashore the male throws the female on her back when he couples with her which is termed cooting their Eggs grown to perfection the female goes ashore again and making a hole in the Sand there layes her Eggs which are numerous I have seen a peck of Eggs taken out of one Turtle when they have laid they cover the hole again with sand and return to the Sea never looking after her Eggs which hatching in the sand and coming to some strength break out and repair to the Sea Having fill'd our bellies with Turtles and Boniâ—o's called Spanish Dolphins excellently well cooked both of them the wind blowing fair The Eighth day we spread our sails and went on our voyage after a while we met with abundance of Sea-weeds called Gulfweed coming out of the Bay of Mexico and firr-trees floating on the Sea observed and found the Ship to be in 39 degrees and 49 minuts The Fifteenth day we took a young Sharke about three foot long which being drest and dished by a young Merchant a passenger happened to be very good fish having very white flesh in flakes like Codd but delicately curl'd the back-bone which is perfectly round joynted with short joynts the space between not above a quarter of an inch thick separated they make fine Table-men being wrought on both sides with curious works The One and twentieth thick hasie weather The Five and twentieth we met with a Plimouth man come from St. Malloes in France 10 weeks out laden with cloath fruit and honey bound for Boston in New-England The Six and twentieth we had sight of land The Seven and twentieth we Anchored at Nantascot in the afternoon I went aboard of a Ketch with some other of our passengers in hope to get to Boston that night but the Master of the Ketch would not consent The Eight and twentieth being Tuesday in the morning about 5 of the clock he lent us his Shallop and three of his men who brought us to the western end of the town where we landed and having gratified the men we repaired to an Ordinary for so they call their Taverns there where we were provided with a liberal cup of burnt Madera-wine and store of plum-cake about ten of the clock I went about my Affairs Before I pursue my Voyage to an end I shall give you to understand what Countrie New-England is New-England is that part
fancie therefore of no necessary consequence and would produce only opinion A friend of mine shewed me a small Treatise written and printed in the Massachusets-Bay by B. D. Intituled An Astronomical description of the late Comet or Blazing-Star as it appeared in New England in the Niâ—th Tâ—nth Eleventh and the beginning oâ— the Twelfth moneth 1664. printed at Cambridge by Samuel Green 1665. An ingenious piâ—ce but because I could not perswadâ— my friend to part with it I took out some short notes being straitned in time which are as followes Comets are distinguished in respect of their figure according to the divers aspects of the Sun into Barbate Caudate and Crinite 1. When the stream like a beard goes before the body 2. When the stream followes the body 3. When the stream goes right up into the Heavens A Comet is said to be Vertical to any people when the body of the Comet passeth over their heads The light of the Comet alters and varies according to the diverse Aspects of the Sun enlightning it Some took notice of it in the beginning of November In Anno Dom. 1668. July the Fifteenth happened an Eclipse of the moon from 9 of the clock at night till after 11 digits 9 and 35 minutes In November following appeared a Star between the horns of the Moon in the midst In Anno Dom. 1669. about the middle of June at 4 of the clock in the afternoon appeared a Rain-bow reverst and at night about 10 of the clock we had a Lunar Rain-bow The Indians so far as I could perceive have but little knowledge of the Stars and Planets observing the Sun and Moon only the dividers of time into dayes and years they being nearer to the Equinoctial-line by 10 degrees have their dayes and nights more equally divided being in Summer two hours shorter in Winter two hours longer than they are in England The 11 of June the Sun riseth at 4 and 26 minuâ—es and setteth at 7 34 minutes in December the 13 the shortest day the Sun riseth at 7 and 35 minutes and setteth at 4 and 27 minutes Mid March their Spring begins in April they have Rain aâ—d Thunder So again at Michaelmas about which season they have either before Michaelmas or after outrageous storms of Wind and Rain It 's observable that there is no part of the World which hath not some certain times of our-rageous storms We have upon our Coast in England a Michaelmas flaw that seldom fails in the West-Indies in August and September the forcible North-wind which though some call Tuffins or Hurricanes we must distinguish for a right Hurricane is as I have said before an impetuous wind that goes about the Compass in the space of 24 hours in such a storm the Lord Willoughby of Parham Governour of the Barbadoes was cast away going with a Fleet to recover St. Christophers from the French Anno Dom. 1666. July Cold weather begins with the middle of November the winter's perpetually freezing insomuch that their Rivers and salt-Bayes are frozen over and passable for Men Horse Oxen and Carts Aequore cum gelido zephyrus ferâ— xenia Cymbo The North-west wind is the sharpest wind in the Countrie In England most of the cold winds and weathers come from the Sea and those seats that are nearest the Sea-coasts in England are accounted unwholsome but not so in New England for in the extremity of winter the North-East and South-wind coming from the Sea produceth warm weather only the North-West-wind coming over land from the white mountains which are alwayes except in August covered with snow is the cause of extream cold weather alwayes accompanied with deep snowes and bitter frosts the snow for the most part four and six foot deep which melting on the superficies with the heat of the Sun for the most part shining out clearly every day and freezing again in the night makes a crust upon the snow sufficient to bear a man walking with snow-shoos upon it And at this season the Indians go forth on hunting of Dear and Moose twenty thirty forty miles up into the Countrie Their Summer is hot and dry proper for their Indian Wheat which thrives best in a hot and dry season the skie for the most part Summer and Winter very clear and serene if they see a little black cloud in the North-West no bigger than a man may cover with his Hat they expect a following storm the cloud in short time spreading round about the Horizon accompanied with violent gusts of wind rain and many times lightning and terrible thunder In all Countries they have observations how the weather will fall out and these rules following are observable in New-England If the Moon look bright and fair look for fair weather also the appearing of one Rainbow after a storm is a known sign of fair weather if mists come down from the Hills or descend from the Heavens and settle in the valleys they promise fair hot weather mists in the Evening shew a fair hot day on the morrow the like when mists rise from waters in the Evening The obscuting of the smaller Stars is a certain sign of Tempests approaching the oft changing of the wind is also a fore-runner of a storm the resounding of the Sea from the shore and murmuring of the winds in the woods without apparent wind sheweth wind to follow shooting of the Stars as they call it is an usual sign of wind from that quarter the Star came from So look whether the resounding of the Sea upon the shore be on the East or West side of the dwelling out of that quarter will the wind proceed the next day The redness of the sky in the morning is a token of winds or rain or both if the Circles that appear about the Sun be red and broken they portend wind if thick and dark wind snow and rain the like may be said of the Circles about the moon If two rainbowâ—s appear they are a sign of rain If the Sun or Moon look pale look for rain if a dark cloud be at Sun rising in which the Sun soon after is hid it will dissolve it and rain will follow nebula ascendens indicat imbres nebula descendens serenitatem If the Sun seem greater in the East than in the West about Sun-setting and that there appears a black cloud you may expect rain that night or the day following Serò rubens Coelum cras indicat esse serenum Sed si mane rubet venturos indicat Imbres To conclude if the white hills look clear and conspicuous it is a sign of fair weather if black and cloudy of rain if yellow it is a certain sign of snow shortly to ensue In Anno Dom. 1667. March appeared a sign in the Heavens in the form of a Sphear pointing directly to the West and in the year following on the third day of April being Friday there was a terrible Earthquake before that a very great one in 1638. and another in
whole doth Constare ex pedibus Musical too they be having many pretty odd barbarous tunes which they make use of vocally at marriages and feastings but Instruments they had none before the English came amongst them since they have imitated them and will make out Kitts and string them as neatly and as Artificially as the best Fiddle-maker amongst us and will play our plain lessons very exactly the only Fidler that was in the Province of Meyn when I was there was an Indian called Scezway whom the Fishermen and planters when they had a mind to be merry made use of Arithmetick they skill not reckoning to ten upon their singers and if more doubling of it by holding their fingers up their age they reckon by Moons and their actions by sleeps as if they go a journie or are to do any other business they will say three sleeps me walk or two or three sleeps me do such a thing that is in two or three days Astronomie too they have no knowledge of seldom or never taking observation of the Stars Eclipses or Comets that I could perceive but they will Prognosticate shrewdly what weather will fall out They are generally excellent Zenagegues or guides through their Countrie Their exercises are hunting and fishing in both they will take abundance of pains When the snow will bear them the young and lustie Indians leaving their papouses and old people at home go forth to hunt Moâ—se Deere Bear and Beaver Thirty or forty miles up into the Countrey when they light upon a Moâ—se they run him down which is sometimes in half a day sometimes a whole day but never give him over till they have tyred him the snow being usually four foot deep and the Beast very heavie he sinks every step and as he runs sometimes bears down Arms of Trees that hang in his way with his horns as big as a mans thigh other whiles if any of their dogs which are but small come near yerking out his heels for he strikes like a horse if a small Tree be in the way he breaks it quite asunder with one stroak at last they get up to him on each side and transpierce him with their Lances which formerly were no other but a staff of a yard and half pointed with a Fishes bone made sharp at the end but since they put on pieces of sword-blades which they purchase of the French and having a strap of leather fastned to the but end of the staff which they bring down to the midst of it they dart it into his sides haeret latere lethalis aruâ—dâ— the poor Creature groans and walks on heavily for a space then sinks and falls down like a ruined building making the Earth to quake then presently in come the Victors who having cut the throat of the slain take off his skin their young webbs by this time are walking towards them with heavie bags and kettles at their backs who laying down their burdens fall to work upon the Carkass take out the heart and from that the bone cut off the left soot behind draw out the sinews and cut out his tongue c. and as much of the Venison as will serve to satiate the hungry mawes of the Company mean while the men pitch upon a place near some spring and with their snow shoos shovel the snow away to the bare Earth in a circle making round about a wall of snow in the midst they make their Vulcan or fire near to a great Tree upon the snags whereof they hang their keâ—lâ—s fil'd with the Venison whilst that bods the men after they have refresht themselves with a pipe of Tobacco dispose themselves to sleep The women tend the Cookerie some of them scrape the slime and fat from the skin cleanse the sinews and stretch them and the like when the venison is boiled the men awake and opening of their bags take out as much Indian meal as will serve their turns for the present they eat their broth with spoons and their flâ—sh they divide into gobbets eating now and then with it as much meal as they can hold betwixt three fingers their drink they fetch from the spring and were not acquainted with other untill the French and English traded with that cursed liquor called Rum Rum-bullion or kill-Devil which is stronger than spirit of Wine and is drawn from the dross of Sugar and Sugar Canes this they love dearly and will part with all they have to their bare skins for it being perpetually drunk with it as long as it is to be had it hath killed many of them especially old women who have dyed when dead drunk This instead of bringing of them to the knowledge of Christianitie we have taught them to commit the beastly and crying sins of our Nation for a little profiâ— When the Indians have stuft their paunches if it be fair weather and about midday they venture forth again but if it be foul and far spent they betake themselves to their field-bed at the sign of the Star expecting the opening of the Eastern window which if it promise serenity they truss up their fardles and away for another Moose this course they continue for six weeks or two moneths making their Webbs their Mules to carry their luggage they do not trouble themselves with the horns of Moose or other Deer unless it be near an English plantation because they are weighty cumbersome If the English could procure them to bring them in they would be worth the pains and charge being sold in England after the rate of forty or fifty pounds a Tun the red heads of Deer are the fairest and fullest of marrow and lightest the black heads are heavie and have less marrow the white are the worst and the worst nourished When the Indians are gone there gathers to the Carkass of the Moose thousands of Mattrises of which there are but few or none near the Sea-coasts to be seen these devour the remainder in a quarter of the time that they were hunting of it Their fishing followes in the spring summer and fall of the leaf First for Lobsters Clams Flouke Lumps or Pâ—dles and Ale-wives afterwards for Bass Cod Rock Blew-fish Salmon and Lampres c. The Lobsters they take in large Bayes when it is low water the wind still going out in their Birchen-Canows with a staff two or three yards long made small and sharpen'd at one end and nick'd with deep nicks to take hold When they spye the Lobster crawling upon the Sand in two fathom water more or less they stick him towards the head and bring him up I have known thirty Lobsters taken by an Indian lad in an hour and a half thus they take Flouke and Lumps Clams they dig out of the Clam-banks upon the flats and in creeks when it is low water where they are bedded sometimes a yard deep one upon another the beds a quarter of a mile in length and less the Alewives they take with Nets
drawn our she put in her hand again and felt a lump in his body as big as a half-peny loaf strongly fastned to his back and much ado she had to pull it out I found it to be a tuff bag containing stuff like liver and very heavie at one end of the bag another little bag filled with a fatty matter his gizard liver and heart wasted The Pipe or Roupe is a common disease amongst their poultry infecting one another with it I conceive it cometh of a cold moisture of the brain they will be very sleepie with it the best cure for it is Garlick and smoaking of them with dryed Hysope In September following my Arrivage in the Massachusets about the twelfth hour of the eight day I shipt my self and goods in a Bark bound to the East-ward meeting as we sailed out the Dutch Governour of New-Netherlands who was received and entertained at Boston by the Governour and Magistrates with great solemnity About nine of the clock at night we came to Salem and lay aboard all night The Ninth day we went ashore to view the Town which is a mile long and lay that night at a Merchants house The Tenth day we came from Salem about twelve of the clock back to Marble-head here we went ashore and recreated our selves with Musick and a cup of Sack and saw the Town about ten at night we returned to our Bark and lay aboard The Eleventh being Saturday and the wind contrary we came to Charles-town again about twelve of the clock we took store of Mackarel The Thirteenth being Monday we went aboard again about nine of the clock in the morning and out to Sea about Sun going down we took store of Mackarel The wind was scanty all along and in the night time we durst not bear much sail because of the Rocks and foaming breakers that lay in our way The Fourteenth day we came up with Pascataway or Pascatique where there is a large River and a fair harbour within here is seated a Colony properly belonging to the Heirs of Captain Mason sometime since of London but taken into the Colony of Massachusets by what right I will not here discuss The chiefest places of note are the Bay or Harbour North from Boston on the West-side of the Harbour are built many fair houses and so in another part called Strawberry-bank By the Harbour is an Island which of late days is filled with buildings besides there are two Towns more seated up higher upon the River the one called Dâ—ver the River-banks are clothed with stately Timber and here are two miles meadow land and arable enough the other town is called Excester At the River Pascataway begins the Province of Main having pleased our selves with the sight of Pascataway at a distance we sailed on and came to Black-point The Fifteenth day about eight of the clock at night where the next day I was shrewdly pinched with a great frost but having two or three bottles of excellent Passada and good cheer bestowed upon me I made a shift to bear it out and now we are in the Province of Main The Province of Main or the Countrey of the Troquoes heretofore called Laconia or New-Summersetshire is a Colony belonging to the Grandson of Sir Ferdinando Gorges of Ashton Phillips in the County of Sommerset the said Sir Ferdinando Gorges did expend in planting several parts of New-England above Twenty thousand pounds sterling and when he was between three and four score years of age did personally engage in our Royal Martyrs service and particularly in the Seige of Bristow and was plundered and imprisoned several times by reason whereof he was discountenanced by the pretended Commissioners for forraign plantations and his Province incroached upon by the Massachusets Colony who assumed the Government thereof His Majestie that now Reigneth sent over his Commissioners to reduce them within their bounds and to put Mr. Gorges again into possession But there falling out a contest about it the Commissioners settled it in the Kings name until the business should be determined before his Majestie and gave Commissions to the Judge of their Courts and the Justices to Govern and Act according to the Laws of England by such Laws of their own as were not repugnant to them But as soon as the Commissioners were returned for England the Massachusets enter the province in a hostile manner with a Troop of Horse and Poot and turn'd the Judge and his Assistants off the Bench Imprisoned the Major or Commander of the Militia threatned the Judge and some others that were faithful to Mr. Gorges interests I could discover many other foul proceedings but for some reasons which might be given I conceive it not convenient to make report thereof to vulgar ears quae supra nos nihil ad nos Onely this I could wish that there might be some consideration of the great losses charge and labour which hath been sustained by the Judge and some others for above thirty years in upholding the rights of Mr. Gorge and his Sacred Majesties Dominion against a many stubborn and elusive people Anno Dom. 1623. Mr. Robert Gorge Sir Ferdinando Gorges brother had for his good service granted him by Patent from the Council of Plimouth all that part of the Land commonly called Massachusiack situated on the North-side of the Bay of Massachusets Not long after this Sir Ferdinando Gorges had granted to him by Patent from the middest of Merrimack River to the great River Sagadehock then called Laconia In 1635. Capt. William Gorge Sir Ferdinandâ—'s Nephew was sent over Governour of the Province of Main then called New-Summersetshire Sir Ferdinando Gorge received a Charter-Royal from King Charles the first the third of April in the Fifttenth of his Raign granting to him all that part and portion of New-England lying and being between the River of Pascataway that is beginning at the entrance of Pascataway-harbour and so to pass up the same into the River of Newichawanoe or Neqhechewanek and thâ—â—ugh the same unto the farthest head thereof aforesaid North-eastward along the Sea-coasts for Sixty miles to Sagadehac-River to Kencheck even as far as the head thereof and up into the main land North-westward for the space of one hundred and twenty miles To these Territories are adjoyned the North half-Isle of Sholes with several other Islands it lyeth between 44 degrees and 45 of Northerly latitude The River Canada on the North-east the Sea coast South amongst many large Royalties Jurisdictions and Immunities was also granted to the said Sir Ferdinando Gorge the same Royalties priviledges and franchises as are or of right ought to be enjoyed by the Bishop of Durham in the County Palatine of Durham the planters to pay for every hundred Acres of land yearly two shillings six pence that is such land as is given to them and their Heirs for ever The Officers by Patent are a Deputy Governour a Chancellor a Treasurer a Marshal for Souldiers and Admiraltie for Sea