appear_v that_o through_o the_o default_n of_o writer_n &_o negligence_n of_o such_o as_o write_v afterwards_o among_o who_o livius_n even_o of_o the_o roman_n themselves_o be_v touch_v with_o want_n of_o trust_n many_o thing_n of_o great_a importance_n than_o the_o departure_n of_o brutus_n be_v yield_v to_o oblivion_n and_o although_o caesar_n call_v the_o britain_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v bear_v in_o the_o same_o country_n where_o they_o dwell_v and_o diodorus_n siculus_fw-la say_v that_o they_o be_v from_o the_o beginning_n yet_o do_v i_o believe_v that_o brutus_n come_v into_o britain_n with_o his_o train_n of_o troyan_n and_o there_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n and_o of_o his_o own_o man_n &_o thereof_o be_v call_v britain_n for_o our_o countryman_n unto_o this_o day_n do_v call_v a_o britain_n brituun_v which_o word_n come_v not_o from_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o the_o island_n prydain_n but_o from_o 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so_o far_o as_o i_o know_v before_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n which_o live_v a_o little_a after_o this_o migration_n that_o leave_v any_o remembrance_n of_o it_o but_o in_o a_o epistle_n to_o vincentius_n of_o aruandus_n secretary_n which_o accuse_v his_o lord_n of_o high_a treason_n thus_o he_o write_v this_o letter_n seem_v to_o be_v send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o goth_n or_o gutland_n diswade_v he_o from_o peace_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o greece_n and_o show_v that_o the_o britain_n upon_o ligeris_n aught_o to_o be_v set_v upon_o so_o far_o he_o but_o if_o as_o they_o dream_v and_o also_o coenalis_n which_o have_v erroneous_o follow_v they_o the_o britain_n have_v possess_v some_o part_n of_o france_n before_o that_o time_n and_o such_o a_o part_n as_o shall_v have_v be_v call_v britain_n as_o they_o do_v affirm_v impudent_o enough_o it_o shall_v not_o have_v escape_v unspoken_a of_o of_o all_o the_o roman_a writer_n unto_o who_o france_n be_v as_o well_o know_v as_o italy_n howbeit_o our_o countryman_n say_v that_o the_o cornishmen_n and_o those_o be_v one_o nation_n cornishmen_n which_o both_o the_o king_n name_n be_v like_a in_o both_o country_n as_o conane_n meriadoc_n by_o which_o name_n a_o par_fw-fr cell_n of_o denbygh_a shire_n in_o north-wales_n be_v call_v to_o this_o day_n hoel_n alane_n theodore_n rywallone_n with_o diverse_a other_o and_o also_o the_o proper_a word_n and_o name_n for_o all_o thing_n almost_o one_o although_o in_o their_o join_a and_o construction_n of_o speech_n they_o seem_v a_o little_a to_o differ_v as_o it_o chance_v sometime_o in_o one_o country_n do_v prove_v manifest_o our_o countryman_n call_v it_o in_o their_o mother_n tongue_n lhydaw_n which_o word_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v derine_v from_o the_o latin_a word_n littus_n signify_v the_o shore_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v it_o be_v a_o country_n lie_v on_o the_o shore_n of_o france_n for_o like_a as_o the_o latin_n do_v change_v d._n in_o all_o our_o word_n into_o t_o even_o so_o our_o countryman_n do_v turn_v their_o t_o into_o d_o and_o do_v always_o in_o word_n which_o begin_v with_o l_o write_v they_o with_o aspiration_n as_o lhadron_n borrow_v the_o word_n latrones_fw-la from_o the_o latin_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o english_a thief_n but_o to_o return_v again_o from_o whence_o we_o have_v digress_v when_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o the_o youth_n of_o britain_n be_v lead_v by_o maximus_n into_o france_n &_o those_o that_o be_v leave_v at_o home_n be_v oppress_v by_o the_o most_o cruel_a and_o savage_a nation_n the_o redshank_n and_o scot_n look_v for_o no_o succour_n from_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v then_o otherwise_o busy_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 450._o they_o call_v saxon_n unto_o they_o the_o saxon_n which_o be_v then_o practise_v piracy_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o france_n and_o britain_n &_o give_v they_o wage_n to_o aid_v they_o and_o whereas_o some_o write_v that_o before_o that_o time_n the_o britain_n never_o know_v the_o saxon_n it_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v false_a out_o of_o sundry_a author_n for_o claudianus_n where_o he_o inveigh_v against_o eutropius_n speak_v of_o they_o in_o these_o word_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 400._o what_o i_o may_v do_v since_o thou_o my_o prince_n have_v be_v thing_n not_o far_o hence_o can_v show_v for_o tethis_n do_v begin_v to_o wax_v more_o mild_a since_o saxon_n thou_o have_v quail_v etc_n etc_n likewise_o of_o the_o fort_o consulship_n of_o honorius_n the_o orchades_n be_v wet_a with_o blood_n of_o saxon_n slay_v and_o in_o another_o place_n britayn_n speak_v and_o i_o she_o say_v with_o country_n near_o about_o who_o be_v destroy_v almost_o defence_v well_o have_v stilico_n by_o who_o help_n now_o it_o be_v that_o scottish_a war_n i_o do_v not_o doubt_v ne_o do_v i_o dread_v the_o pict_n ne_o do_v i_o fear_v the_o saxon_a rout_n by_o stand_a on_o the_o shore_n to_o see_v they_o come_v with_o doubtful_a wind_n etc_n etc_n also_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n which_o write_v about_o their_o come_n into_o england_n handsome_o describe_v their_o piracy_n in_o a_o epistle_n to_o lampridius_n we_o may_v behold_v the_o wannish_a saxon_n here_o use_v to_o the_o sea_n before_o to_o dread_v the_o shore_n from_o of_o who_o head_n where_o outward_a they_o appear_v their_o bit_n content_a to_o hold_v not_o any_o more_o the_o shire_n their_o top_n of_o hair_n do_v clip_v &_o shore_n so_o that_o their_o lock_n cut_v hard_a unto_o the_o skin_n do_v make_v their_o head_n decrease_v but_o face_n to_o win_v and_o in_o his_o panegiricus_n unto_o socer_fw-la but_o also_o the_o amorick_a coast_n the_o saxon_n piracy_n well_o hope_v for_o ▪_o to_o who_o the_o british_a salt_n but_o play_v it_o be_v all_o naked_a and_o with_o clout_a boat_n the_o graysh_a sea_n to_o pass_v moreover_o sextus_n rufus_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr notitia_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o province_n speak_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n along_o both_o the_o britain_n these_o i_o say_v be_v sufficient_o know_v to_o the_o britain_n before_o they_o send_v they_o against_o the_o scot_n and_o redshank_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o hégischus_fw-la one_o hengischus_fw-la who_o when_o they_o have_v overcome_v they_o enter_v a_o traitorous_a league_n with_o they_o and_o like_o false_a man_n turn_v their_o face_n against_o their_o master_n and_o have_v slay_v the_o whole_a nobility_n of_o britain_n by_o craft_n at_o ambrose_n hill_n and_o send_n for_o aid_n from_o among_o the_o englishman_n and_o juthj_fw-la be_v germane_a they_o usurp_v the_o same_o country_n which_o we_o call_v lhoëgria_fw-la and_o after_o almost_o infinite_a battle_n they_o drive_v the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n into_o the_o end_n and_o edge_n of_o the_o island_n and_o part_v the_o same_o between_o themselves_o
the_o roman_n antoninus_n also_o mention_v pontium_fw-la which_o appear_v now_o to_o be_v call_v neubery_n read_v thantique_a name_n of_o spinae_n which_o signify_v thornes_z continue_v to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o one_o side_n of_o neubery_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o new_a court_n from_o whence_o a_o good_a way_n of_o upon_o the_o river_n cunetio_n stand_v a_o famous_a city_n call_v cunetio_n by_o the_o roman_n but_o marlborow_n now_o marlborow_n between_o these_o and_o the_o sea_n lie_v the_o simeni_n who_o metropolitan_a or_o chief_n city_n be_v venta_n which_o in_o fore_a time_n be_v a_o city_n of_o great_a renown_n and_o of_o the_o britain_n call_v caërwynt_n wynchester_n of_o the_o englishmen_n wynchester_n and_o at_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v the_o great_a port_n call_v now_o portesmouth_n at_o who_o wight_n mouth_n there_o stand_v a_o city_n call_v of_o old_a caërperis_n but_o now_o portchester_n also_o tris_n antonis_n a_o haven_n now_o south_n hampton_n retain_v the_o old_a name_n over_o against_o these_o lie_v the_o i_o will_v of_o wight_n celebrate_v by_o the_o ancient_a roman_a writer_n and_o first_o subdue_v by_o vespasian_n the_o same_o be_v in_o length_n xx_o mile_n and._n x._o in_o breadth_n in_o form_n like_o to_o a_o egg_n in_o some_o place_n seven_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o main_n shore_n and_o in_o other_o but_o twain_o it_o have_v very_o rough_a and_o craggy_a cliff_n it_o be_v very_o plentiful_a of_o corne._n the_o chief_a and_o only_a market_n town_n of_o all_o the_o island_n be_v newport_n there_o be_v also_o a_o castle_n call_v newport_n caërbro_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o tract_n for_o castle_n net_n express_v the_o british_a antiquity_n the_o westsaxons_n when_o they_o have_v drive_v away_o the_o britain_n add_v the_o same_o to_o their_o dominion_n until_o cadwalla_n a_o britain_n have_v slay_v aruald_a recover_v it_o to_o himself_o englishman_n call_v it_o the_o wight_n britain_n term_v it_o gwydh_n which_o in_o our_o tongue_n signify_v perspicuous_a or_o easy_a to_o be_v see_v as_o gwydhgruc_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o perspicuous_a heap_n gwydhfa_n a_o perspicuous_a place_n by_o which_o term_n the_o most_o high_a mountain_n of_o all_o britain_n in_o carnaruanshyre_n be_v call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n be_v wont_v to_o glory_n that_o their_o country_n be_v destitute_a of_o three_o great_a discommodity_n that_o be_v find_v in_o other_o country_n to_o wit_n fox_n beg_a friar_n and_o lawyer_n they_o be_v under_o the_o precinct_n and_o diocese_n of_o southampton_n by_o the_o same_o sea_n shore_n along_o follow_v the_o severiani_n call_v now_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o wylshyre_n who_o chief_a city_n be_v caërseverus_fw-la call_v also_o caër_fw-la câ—radoc_n and_o now_o by_o englishmen_n sarysbury_n sarisbury_n betwixt_o these_o be_v s._n ambrose_n hill_n celebrate_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o britain_n there_o commit_v also_o shaft_n bury_v know_v of_o old_a to_o the_o britain_n by_o the_o name_n of_o caërbaladin_n and_o caërsepton_n at_o the_o westside_n of_o thâ—se_a lie_n the_o durotriges_n call_v of_o we_o durugueir_n of_o the_o englishman_n dorsetshyre_n man_n from_o whence_o more_o westerly_a be_v the_o damnonij_fw-la we_o call_v they_o at_o this_o day_n dyfynnaint_v which_o signify_v deep_a &_o narrow_a valley_n &_o not_o of_o the_o dane_n as_o some_o affirm_v these_o be_v call_v in_o english_a devonshyreman_n and_o they_o lie_v between_o two_o sea_n the_o severn_n and_o the_o british_a ocean_n their_o principal_a city_n be_v isca_n call_v also_o augusta_n before_o time_n caërwisk_n of_o the_o water_n pass_v by_o but_o now_o of_o the_o englishman_n excestre_n excester_n howbeit_o i_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o some_o affirm_v that_o before_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o old_a britain_n penuchelgoëd_n last_o of_o all_o come_v cornavia_n of_o the_o cornwall_n inhabitant_n and_o our_o countryman_n call_v cernico_fw-la of_o englishmen_n cornwall_n here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o saxon_n do_v thrâ—st_v the_o relic_n of_o the_o ancient_a britain_n into_o those_o straight_n who_o because_o they_o use_v the_o british_a tongue_n which_o the_o saxon_n understand_v not_o they_o term_v they_o cornwalas_n that_o be_v to_o say_v welshman_n of_o cornavia_n or_o cornwall_n as_o they_o call_v also_o our_o countryman_n welsh_a britain_n after_o the_o german_a guise_n this_o be_v the_o true_a etymology_n or_o cause_n of_o the_o name_n and_o farewell_n to_o they_o which_o please_a themselves_o in_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o name_n do_v call_v it_o cornu_fw-la galliae_fw-la to_o say_v a_o horn_n of_o france_n wherein_o polydorus_n as_o in_o other_o thing_n also_o utter_v his_o ignorance_n as_o for_o my_o opinion_n very_o ancient_a book_n do_v confirm_v it_o write_v in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n and_o the_o name_n also_o whereby_o those_o which_o inhabit_v the_o country_n do_v usual_o call_v it_o they_o speak_v the_o british_a language_n &_o all_o their_o word_n almost_o be_v find_v like_o unto_o we_o but_o that_o they_o differ_v sumdeale_o in_o construction_n of_o speech_n the_o promontory_n of_o cornavia_n now_o cornwall_n be_v famous_a amongst_o our_o countryman_n common_o call_v penrhyngwaed_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o promontory_n of_o blood_n which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v call_v of_o ptolomaeus_n antivestaeum_fw-la beyond_o the_o damnonij_n or_o devonshire_n man_n nigh_o the_o course_n of_o severn_n lie_v sometime_o the_o region_n of_o murotriges_n we_o call_v it_o guladyr_n haf_n englishmen_n somersetshyre_n where_o be_v many_o notable_a ancient_a place_n see_v as_o the_o mount_n of_o caërmalet_n otherwise_o call_v camalet_n there_o stand_v also_o iscalis_n now_o ilcester_n ilcester_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o auolonia_n who_o city_n be_v venta_n now_o brystow_n but_o in_o antique_a time_n the_o britain_n call_v it_o caër_fw-la other_o yn_n nant_n badon_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o city_n odera_fw-mi in_o the_o valley_n of_o badon_n another_o town_n of_o the_o belgae_n with_o ptolomaeus_n aquae_n calidae_n that_o be_v of_o hot_a water_n with_o antoninus_n aquae_fw-la solis_fw-la of_o water_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o britain_n call_v it_o bath_n caërbadon_n the_o englishman_n bath_n and_o be_v very_o renown_a for_o wholesome_a bath_n bath_n of_o hot_a water_n of_o which_o thing_n i_o be_o a_o most_o certain_a witness_n for_o when_o as_o by_o the_o stroke_n of_o a_o horse_n which_o i_o have_v catch_v at_o milan_n in_o italy_n i_o be_v grievous_o pain_v with_o the_o sciatica_n continual_o the_o space_n of_o one_o whole_a year_n and_o have_v assay_v the_o help_n of_o many_o excellent_o learned_a physician_n be_v nothing_o the_o better_o i_o use_v these_o bath_n but_o only_o six_o day_n and_o be_v restore_v to_o my_o former_a health_n between_o these_o and_o the_o thames_n head_n be_v the_o dobuni_n now_o claudiani_n who_o chief_a town_n in_o old_a time_n be_v call_v corinium_n of_o the_o britain_n caër_fw-la cory_n the_o english_a gloucester_n man_n now_o term_v it_o cycestre_n and_o claudia_n common_o call_v gloucester_n a_o famous_a city_n stand_v upon_o severn_n the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o shire_n i_o suppose_v not_o to_o have_v be_v know_v to_o the_o roman_n but_o be_v afterward_o as_o gyldas_n report_v build_v by_o glovy_n a_o britain_n who_o after_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v drive_v thence_o reign_v there_o and_o not_o so_o name_v by_o claudius_n caesar_n as_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o the_o same_o shire_n also_o stand_v malmesbury_n call_v before_o time_n malmsbury_n caërbladhon_n these_o shire_n do_v make_v the_o three_o kingdom_n of_o saxon_n in_o britain_n which_o they_o call_v westsaxons_n who_o king_n be_v egbert_n who_o egbert_n have_v subdue_v all_o the_o other_o first_o of_o the_o german_n obtain_v the_o monarchy_n of_o lhoëgr_n thus_o have_v describe_v the_o country_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o thames_n let_v we_o now_o come_v to_o the_o other_o in_o order_fw-fr and_o first_o over_o against_o kent_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o thames_n lie_v the_o trinovante_n who_o prince_n be_v mandubratius_n tius_fw-la or_o as_o other_o write_v androgorius_n our_o countryman_n call_v he_o audâ—wy_a the_o same_o send_v for_o caesar_n into_o britain_n and_o when_o he_o be_v come_v assist_v he_o with_o his_o power_n and_o follow_v he_o into_o italy_n and_o thessaly_n their_o chief_a city_n london_n be_v build_v by_o brutus_n and_o be_v call_v troynewith_n that_o be_v to_o say_v new_a troy_n howbeit_o there_o be_v some_o which_o call_v it_o trenovantum_fw-la because_o three_fw-mi signify_v in_o british_a a_o town_n but_o afterward_o it_o be_v call_v of_o belus_n which_o dwell_v there_o dinas_n beli_n that_o be_v to_o say_v belinus_n palace_n or_o court_n last_o of_o all_o of_o lud_n brother_n to_o caswallane_n which_o wonderful_o adorn_v it_o with_o beautiful_a
building_n it_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v caërludd_n and_o lhundain_n that_o be_v to_o say_v lud_n city_n and_o also_o london_n and_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a how_o polydorus_n seek_v trinovantum_fw-la about_o northampton_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o sacred_a antiquity_n be_v of_o more_o force_n with_o i_o than_o any_o bare_a conjecture_n of_o a_o strange_a and_o unknown_a person_n we_o yield_v these_o name_n to_o london_n although_o ptolomaeus_n lay_v they_o near_o to_o the_o thames_n &_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o transcriber_n have_v call_v london_n a_o city_n of_o kent_n and_o marius_n niger_n afterward_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o great_a bosom_n for_o the_o other_o side_n the_o trinovamte_n do_v hold_v into_o the_o middle_n whereof_o the_o river_n thames_n do_v flow_v polydorus_n virgilius_n the_o vrbinate_a go_v about_o to_o prove_v out_o of_o tacitus_n by_o argument_n of_o little_a force_n that_o the_o trinobantes_n be_v inland_a people_n when_o as_o his_o reason_n 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ten_o thousand_o roman_n and_o be_v return_v back_o again_o self_n and_o sound_n before_o suetonius_n come_v as_o tacitus_n avouch_v and_o that_o their_o rage_n extend_v not_o unto_o london_n the_o cause_n be_v as_o the_o same_o author_n report_v for_o that_o london_n be_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o a_o great_a mart_n city_n of_o they_o famous_a for_o plenty_n of_o travailer_n which_o resort_v thither_o for_o traâ—aque_v of_o merchandise_n abound_v with_o victual_n and_o stout_o defense_v with_o munition_n and_o garrison_n against_o all_o adventure_n as_o all_o man_n do_v know_v hereby_o it_o appear_v how_o weak_a polydorus_n argument_n be_v especial_o who_o so_o well_o know_v that_o part_n of_o england_n and_o that_o london_n be_v the_o city_n trinovantum_fw-la which_o be_v afterward_o call_v augusta_n as_o marcellinus_n report_v with_o these_o reason_n be_v sufficient_o instruct_v i_o say_v that_o the_o trinobantes_n inhabit_v that_o part_n of_o britain_n which_o after_o the_o come_v of_o saxon_n make_v up_o their_o four_o kingdom_n which_o they_o call_v eastsaxons_n and_o another_o call_v midlesaxons_n who_o principal_a city_n be_v london_n at_o this_o day_n which_o sometime_o be_v under_o the_o king_n of_o the_o mercij_fw-la or_o march_n ptolomaeus_n mention_v asleep_o neither_o beside_o this_o city_n trinovantum_fw-la call_v camudolanum_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v all_o one_o with_o camalodunum_n as_o i_o judge_v by_o read_v roman_a history_n although_o ptolomaeus_n speak_v of_o camalodunum_n for_o it_o stand_v not_o far_o from_o the_o thames_n and_o be_v by_o claudius_n appoint_v the_o first_o colony_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o not_o near_o the_o brigant_n as_o polydorus_n much_o less_o in_o scotlan_n as_o boethius_n dream_v and_o for_o the_o more_o plainness_n hereof_o i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o bring_v forth_o the_o word_n of_o dion_n who_o have_v be_v sometime_o consul_n claudius_n after_o that_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o message_n forthwith_o commit_v the_o matter_n appertain_v to_o the_o city_n and_o the_o souldieurs_fw-fr to_o vitellius_n his_o college_n who_o consulship_n as_o also_o his_o own_o he_o have_v prorogue_v for_o six_o month_n long_a himself_o depart_v from_o rome_n to_o ostia_n where_o he_o take_v ship_n and_o arrive_v at_o massilia_n and_o take_v the_o residue_n of_o his_o journey_n partly_o by_o land_n and_o partly_o by_o water_n come_v too_o the_o ocean_n and_o pass_v over_o into_o britain_n and_o come_v to_o his_o army_n which_o lie_v by_o the_o thames_n look_v for_o he_o who_o when_o he_o have_v receive_v in_o charge_n he_o go_v over_o the_o water_n with_o certain_a barbarian_n which_o draw_v to_o he_o at_o his_o come_v â—e_z spread_v his_o banner_n fight_v and_o obtain_v the_o victory_n and_o win_v camalodunum_n the_o regal_a seat_n of_o cynobellinus_n and_o take_v many_o prisoner_n partly_o by_o force_n &_o partly_o by_o yield_v hereby_o it_o appear_v eviuident_o that_o camalodunum_n stand_v not_o far_o from_o the_o thames_n in_o which_o place_n ptolomaeus_n place_v camudolanun_n and_o i_o suppose_v that_o this_o be_v the_o colony_n of_o claudius_n cesar_n famous_a for_o the_o church_n which_o they_o call_v now_o colchestre_n the_o old_a name_n colchestre_fw-fr be_v make_v as_o i_o think_v by_o join_v the_o water_n and_o the_o church_n together_o a_o common_a custom_n among_o the_o britain_n as_o henlhan_n that_o be_v a_o old_a church_n lhanelwy_a a_o church_n stand_v upon_o the_o river_n elguen_n or_o the_o church_n elguen_n which_o the_o englishman_n and_o bishop_n now_o a_o day_n call_v but_o not_o well_o the_o see_v of_o s._n asaphe_n beside_o a_o infinite_a number_a more_o whereby_o i_o be_o persuade_v that_o those_o place_n which_o in_o latin_a begin_v or_o end_n in_o these_o termination_n lan_n or_o lam_n be_v of_o old_a so_o term_v of_o church_n in_o the_o british_n tongue_n moreover_o out_o of_o this_o place_n of_o dion_n it_o be_v gather_v how_o much_o a_o man_n without_o shame_n that_o polydorus_n virgillius_fw-la be_v who_o doubt_v not_o to_o affirm_v reprove_v that_o claudius_n caesar_n vanquish_v the_o britain_n without_o any_o battle_n &_o most_o imputent_o call_v they_o dastard_n who_o caesar_n himself_o tacitus_n dion_n &_o herodian_a term_v by_o these_o name_n most_o warlike_a cruel_a bloodthirsty_a impatient_a both_o of_o bondage_n &_o injury_n but_o a_o infamous_a beggage_n groom_n full_o fraught_v with_o envy_n &_o hatred_n what_o dare_v he_o not_o do_v or_o say_v i_o omit_v his_o schoolmaster_n boethius_n who_o beside_o these_o lie_n speak_v of_o a_o mighty_a war_n which_o claudius_n make_v upon_o the_o people_n of_o the_o orchades_n affirm_v the_o same_o to_o be_v true_a too_o too_o impudent_o for_o thou_o may_v easy_o judge_v good_a reader_n how_o much_o land_n and_o sea_n the_o roman_a emperor_n with_o a_o great_a army_n can_v march_v over_o in_o xuj_o day_n only_o during_o which_o time_n he_o abide_v in_o britain_n when_o tacitus_n also_o a_o most_o faithful_a writer_n affirm_v that_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o agricola_n the_o island_n of_o britain_n be_v know_v and_o the_o isle_n call_v orchades_n be_v orchades_n then_o unknown_a but_o first_o find_v out_o and_o subdue_v by_o he_o this_o dion_n testify_v to_o be_v true_a in_o the_o life_n of_o titus_n the_o emperor_n neither_o speak_v suetonius_n against_o it_o where_o he_o say_v that_o claudius_n tarry_v in_o britain_n but_o a_o very_a few_o day_n howbeit_o eutropius_n and_o after_o he_o orosius_n seem_v to_o think_v otherwise_o not_o know_v exact_o how_o far_o distant_a the_o orchades_n be_v from_o kent_n but_o since_o reason_n and_o truth_n certain_o persuade_v we_o to_o the_o contrary_a let_v we_o stick_v unto_o they_o as_o unto_o two_o most_o faithful_a guide_n neglect_v the_o judgement_n of_o polydorus_n with_o his_o hector_n next_o to_o the_o trinovante_n be_v the_o iceni_n who_o i_o suppose_v to_o have_v inhabit_v that_o region_n which_o make_v the_o five_o kingdom_n of_o german_n which_o be_v the_o east_n englisman_n and_o their_o city_n venta_n which_o now_o of_o the_o englishman_n be_v call_v northweâ—_n and_o i_o be_o privy_a also_o northwey_n that_o there_o be_v think_v to_o be_v other_o iceni_n in_o the_o west_n but_o i_o think_v it_o more_o probable_a that_o these_o iceni_n be_v put_v for_o tigeni_n of_o who_o i_o will_v speak_v hereafter_o and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o east_n englishmen_n comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o iceni_n but_o also_o cambridgshyre_n who_o chief_a city_n in_o old_a time_n the_o britain_n call_v grantcester_n caërgrawnt_v the_o englishman_n grantcester_n of_o the_o water_n that_o pass_v high_a but_o now_o corrupt_o be_v common_o call_v cambridge_n cambridge_n and_o be_v a_o noble_a university_n wherein_o flourish_v all_o good_a learning_n willow_n not_o far_o of_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o wyllowe_n not_o of_o eel_n as_o some_o have_v write_v for_o helig_v
in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v wyllow_a tree_n wherewith_o those_o fen_n do_v abound_v all_o these_o in_o fore_a time_n be_v call_v girui_fw-it join_v to_o these_o be_v the_o parisi_n who_o chief_a city_n pettuaria_n be_v now_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v peterborow_n peterborow_n beyond_o the_o mydland_n saxon_n west_n ward_n be_v the_o catychlauni_fw-la now_o hertfordshyremen_n and_o buckynghanshyreman_n on_o the_o hill_n who_o city_n be_v salinae_n and_o verolanum_fw-la whereof_o this_o last_o take_v name_n of_o a_o river_n be_v for_o before_o time_n it_o be_v call_v in_o british_a guernhan_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o church_n stand_v upon_o the_o river_n ver_n afterward_o caër_fw-la municip_n because_o it_o be_v a_o municipin_n or_o incorporate_a town_n belong_a to_o the_o roman_n englishman_n term_v it_o verlamcester_n and_o watlyngchester_n this_o watling-ch_a city_n be_v destroy_v through_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o saxon_n how_o be_v it_o there_o remain_v the_o token_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o this_o day_n never_o to_o s._n alban_n church_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o water_n but_o where_o as_o some_o do_v think_v that_o the_o thames_n sometime_o run_v that_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v laugh_v at_o howbeit_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a stand_a water_n hard_o by_o the_o city_n wall_n where_o now_o be_v pleasant_a flourish_v meadow_n in_o which_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v there_o be_v a_o anchor_n of_o a_o ship_n find_v of_o late_a whereby_o and_o also_o by_o the_o corrupt_a copy_n of_o gyldas_n that_o conjecture_n be_v rise_v after_o these_o come_v the_o oxfordeshyreman_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o thames_n who_o city_n be_v call_v by_o englishmen_n oxenford_n our_o countryman_n term_v it_o rhyd_n oxenford_n ychen_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o ford_z of_o ox_n but_o what_o name_n it_o have_v in_o old_a time_n it_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a yet_o some_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v caër_fw-la vortigeru_n that_o be_v vortiger_n city_n and_o by_o he_o build_v whereto_o i_o can_v agree_v for_o gyldas_n write_v that_o the_o same_o city_n be_v build_v in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o i_o think_v it_o be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o wales_n be_v call_v now_o after_o his_o name_n gurthronion_n our_o friend_n m._n leland_n the_o antiquary_n earnest_o defend_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v call_v ouseford_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o ford_z of_o isis_n against_o who_o as_o one_o have_v very_o well_o deserve_v of_o the_o britain_n and_o much_o exercise_v in_o ancient_a history_n i_o dare_v not_o contend_v for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o stand_v upon_o isis_n and_o that_o tract_n of_o time_n corrupt_v the_o name_n of_o many_o place_n it_o be_v also_o evident_a but_o whatsoever_o name_n it_o have_v at_o the_o beginning_n it_o have_v a_o very_a beautiful_a oxford_n and_o healthsome_a situation_n and_o a_o country_n which_o minister_v allthings_n necessary_a abundant_o and_o a_o most_o famous_a school_n of_o all_o good_a learning_n as_o all_o do_v confess_v which_o have_v see_v the_o other_o university_n of_o europe_n not_o far_o from_o this_o city_n stand_v caërdor_n so_o call_v of_o the_o roman_n a_o city_n not_o unknown_a to_o the_o englishman_n a_o bishop_n see_v now_o call_v dorchester_n whereas_o the_o thames_n dorchester_n discharge_v himself_o into_o isis_n from_o whence_o the_o name_n of_o tamesis_n the_o thames_n proceed_v towards_o the_o north_n be_v the_o buckynghamshyreman_n and_o beneath_o they_o the_o bedfordshyreman_n and_o more_o northerly_a the_o huntyngtonshiremen_n who_o ancient_a name_n be_v not_o know_v after_o these_o be_v the_o lincolnshyreman_n of_o old_a coritani_n so_o far_o as_o the_o river_n trent_n the_o britain_n in_o old_a time_n call_v it_o caërludcoy_n the_o roman_n lindum_n the_o englishman_n lindecolyn_n lincoln_n and_o at_o this_o day_n lincoln_n notwithstanding_o afterward_o the_o norman_n call_v it_o corrupt_o nychol_n as_o i_o have_v many_o time_n note_v in_o ancient_a charter_n and_o record_n of_o the_o earl_n thereof_o write_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n and_o all_o that_o province_n be_v call_v lyndesey_n next_o leycester_n unto_o these_o at_o trent_n be_v the_o leycestershyreman_n so_o call_v of_o leicestre_n which_o in_o old_a time_n be_v call_v caërbier_n at_o the_o south_n appear_v the_o northampton_n shyreman_n so_o call_v of_o the_o river_n avon_n which_o come_v along_o by_o the_o town_n avon_n for_o avon_n in_o british_a signify_v a_o river_n and_o the_o saxon_n hear_n the_o britain_n so_o term_v river_n suppose_v that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o proper_a name_n thereof_o whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o many_o notable_a river_n in_o england_n be_v call_v by_o that_o name_n after_o these_o at_o the_o west_n follow_v the_o warwickshiremen_n who_o principal_a city_n caër_fw-la wythelin_n be_v found_v by_o guythelnius_fw-la a_o king_n of_o britain_n afterward_o of_o the_o roman_a legion_n which_o go_v no_o far_o caërlheon_n last_o of_o a_o noble_a britain_n which_o beautify_v it_o with_o many_o fair_a building_n caërgwayr_n and_o of_o the_o englishman_n be_v call_v warwick_n next_o after_o these_o be_v warwik_n the_o staffordshiremen_n amongst_o who_o be_v lychfeild_n a_o bishop_n see_v that_o be_v to_o lichfeild_n say_v the_o field_n of_o dead_a folk_n for_o the_o northern_a englishman_n call_v death_n lych_n and_o the_o unlucky_a night_n raven_n lychâ—oules_n some_o affirm_v that_o here_o not_o in_o legancestre_n etheldrede_v king_n of_o northumberlande_n most_o cruel_o slay_v two_o thousand_o monk_n of_o the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o banchor_n man_n excellent_o learn_v and_o such_o as_o contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o get_v their_o live_v with_o travail_n of_o their_o own_o hand_n which_o bloody_a war_n he_o will_v never_o monk_n have_v begin_v have_v it_o not_o be_v at_o the_o motion_n of_o that_o blood_n thirty_o monk_n who_o they_o call_v augustine_n the_o cause_n be_v for_o that_o in_o some_o point_v they_o seam_v to_o disagree_v from_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o refuse_v to_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o archebishop_n of_o cantorbury_n have_v already_o of_o their_o own_o the_o archbishop_n of_o legion_n this_o be_v the_o chearitie_n and_o religion_n of_o that_o man_n to_o make_v away_o such_o good_a &_o godly_a man_n as_o can_v not_o abide_v his_o intolerable_a pride_n but_o touch_v these_o matter_n godwilling_n we_o will_v speak_v in_o another_o place_n on_o the_o otherside_n of_o warwykeshyre_n be_v the_o worcestershyreman_n next_o to_o the_o dobani_fw-la their_o city_n vigornia_n be_v of_o old_a time_n call_v of_o the_o roman_n brangonia_n of_o the_o britain_n to_o this_o day_n caër_fw-la vrangon_n and_o of_o the_o englishman_n be_v common_o call_v worcestre_n worcester_n and_o be_v build_v at_o the_o east_n side_n of_o severn_n where_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o all_o the_o 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powyse_o from_o whence_o the_o english_a name_n schreusbury_n be_v derive_v although_o i_o remember_v that_o in_o ancient_a record_n schreusburie_n i_o read_v it_o term_v salopsbury_n and_o slopesbury_n our_o countryman_n call_v it_o ymwythig_n at_o this_o day_n next_o after_o these_o be_v the_o devani_n or_o ches_n hyreman_n upon_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi where_o as_o be_v certain_a well_n out_o of_o who_o liquor_n very_o good_a &_o pure_a white_a salt_n be_v sodden_a beside_o the_o city_n itself_o famous_a for_o the_o roman_a monument_n therein_o which_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o roman_a legion_n winter_v there_o be_v call_v by_o the_o britain_n at_o this_o day_n caër_fw-la lheon_n be_v ddourdwy_a that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o city_n of_o legion_n upon_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi for_o difference_n sake_n betwixt_o that_o and_o another_o of_o that_o name_n upon_o the_o river_n osca_n it_o appear_v out_o of_o antoninus_n that_o the_o same_o in_o time_n paste_n be_v
example_n of_o many_o &_o diverse_a place_n of_o wales_n wherefore_o when_o i_o perceive_v that_o this_o place_n be_v within_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o siluri_n &_o the_o ordovici_fw-la for_o it_o be_v scarce_o two_o mile_n distant_a from_o colun_n or_o clun_n castle_n which_o be_v castle_n the_o patrimony_n &_o inheritance_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o ancient_a family_n of_o fytz_n alane_n in_o england_n &_o that_o it_o so_o agree_v in_o all_o point_n with_o the_o description_n of_o tacitê°_n that_o nothing_o can_v be_v want_v i_o dare_v bold_o affirm_v that_o this_o be_v the_o very_a self_n same_o place_n in_o which_o ostorius_n contend_v with_o cataracus_n in_o battle_n &_o vanquish_v he_o from_o whence_o fly_v &_o put_v himself_o in_o trust_n to_o the_o faith_n &_o creditie_n of_o cartimandua_n the_o queen_n of_o brigant_n be_v by_o she_o betray_v moreover_o that_o name_n of_o cataracus_n be_v at_o this_o day_n so_o peculiar_a to_o the_o welshman_n that_o many_o prince_n &_o 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conane_n together_o with_o caradoc_n gryffine_fw-la and_o meylere_a rywallon_n son_n be_v vanquish_v and_o slay_v and_o that_o this_o walter_n escape_v by_o flight_n into_o scotland_n and_o there_o attain_a to_o great_a honour_n and_o this_o can_v be_v no_o great_a fraud_n or_o disgrace_a to_o the_o name_n of_o the_o stuarts_n that_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o antique_a british_a king_n from_o which_o also_o most_o honourable_a family_n the_o same_o owen_n tuder_n grandfather_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o england_n lineal_o descend_v by_o the_o father_n side_n as_o we_o will_v declare_v in_o our_o description_n of_o wales_n and_o not_o from_o any_o mean_a or_o base_a degree_n as_o false_a and_o impudent_a meyerus_n a_o fleming_n stick_v not_o to_o affirm_v now_o that_o we_o have_v scotland_n wander_v over_o all_o england_n call_v lhoegr_n let_v we_o next_o in_o order_fw-fr proceed_v to_o the_o second_o region_n of_o britain_n which_o of_o our_o countryman_n be_v call_v albania_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n scotland_n this_o same_o in_o oldâ—_n time_n be_v of_o the_o roman_n call_v the_o second_o britain_n for_o sextus_n ruffus_n recite_v five_o province_n of_o britain_n maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n caesariensis_n which_o i_o do_v take_v to_o be_v that_o part_n of_o britain_n which_o by_o julius_n caesar_n be_v make_v tributary_n to_o the_o roman_n to_o wit_n kent_n the_o kingdom_n of_o southsaxons_n and_o the_o region_n of_o atrabates_n the_o second_o be_v flavia_n which_o by_o like_a conjecture_n be_v thereto_o move_v i_o suppose_v to_o be_v that_o which_o by_o vespasian_n who_o descend_v of_o the_o family_n flavia_n be_v by_o he_o set_v upon_o and_o subdue_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o i_o will_v of_o wight_n which_o afterward_o be_v make_v part_n of_o the_o westsaxons_n king_n doom_n the_o third_o i_o judge_v to_o have_v be_v term_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o first_o britain_n which_o lie_v forth_o from_o the_o thames_n to_o the_o valley_n or_o trench_n the_o four_o be_v the_o less_o and_o the_o second_o britain_n comprise_v scotland_n it_o remain_v then_o of_o necessity_n that_o wales_n be_v contain_v under_o the_o name_n of_o valentia_n which_o make_v up_o the_o five_o province_n howbeit_o ammianus_n write_v that_o that_o province_n which_o by_o theodosius_n captain_n to_o valentinia_n vâ—lentia_n be_v take_v when_o he_o have_v drive_v thence_o the_o redshank_n and_o scot_n be_v then_o of_o the_o emperor_n name_n call_v valentia_n and_o that_o the_o britain_n inhabit_v these_o province_n both_o our_o own_o and_o the_o roman_a writer_n have_v leave_v in_o memory_n neither_o be_v there_o â—uer_o any_o writer_n of_o name_n that_o make_v mention_n either_o of_o scot_n or_o redshank_n before_o vespasians_n time_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n incarnation_n threescore_o and_o twelve_o at_o what_o time_n meurigus_n or_o maus_n or_o aruiragus_n reign_v 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that_o name_n before_o that_o they_o be_v ever_o know_v to_o the_o latin_n neither_o be_v they_o these_o but_o the_o britain_n of_o who_o caesar_n and_o other_o do_v report_n that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o paint_v their_o body_n blow_v with_o woad_n that_o they_o may_v appear_v the_o more_o terrible_a to_o their_o enemy_n and_o with_o we_o at_o this_o day_n which_o seem_v to_o argue_v antiquity_n blow_v couâ—er_n be_v call_v glass_n by_o â—â—as_fw-la which_o name_n also_o that_o herb_n not_o altogether_o unlike_o a_o plantain_n very_o well_o know_v now_o to_o merchant_n be_v call_v beside_o all_o this_o the_o roman_n which_o first_o make_v mention_n of_o this_o people_n term_v they_o not_o picti_n but_o pictones_n these_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o after_o that_o they_o have_v take_v heart_n of_o grass_n and_o be_v grow_v to_o some_o power_n out_o of_o these_o island_n in_o their_o little_a leathern_a boat_n such_o as_o our_o fisherman_n do_v use_v now_o a_o day_n along_o scotland_n be_v want_v to_o rob_v and_o spâ—yie_a shepherd_n and_o husbandman_n until_o that_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 290._o when_o the_o roman_n and_o britain_n be_v both_o encumber_v with_o civil_a war_n for_o the_o purple_a robe_n which_o carausius_n wear_v and_o after_o he_o alectus_n they_o enter_v general_o into_o cathanesia_n and_o caledonia_n and_o drive_v thence_o the_o british_a shepherd_n and_o herdsman_n and_o calling_n unto_o they_o the_o gatheli_n out_o of_o ireland_n which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o scot_n be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o provoke_v the_o britain_n in_o open_a war_n for_o the_o scot_n come_v of_o the_o irish_a brood_n as_o they_o themselves_o original_a and_o other_o do_v know_v very_o well_o and_o be_v term_v amongst_o our_o countryman_n by_o the_o same_o name_n to_o wit_n gwydhyl_v which_o as_o their_o own_o history_n do_v testify_v be_v the_o most_o ancient_a name_n of_o that_o nation_n and_o that_o the_o same_o nation_n come_v forth_o of_o cantabria_n now_o biscaya_n &_o pass_v over_o the_o sea_n into_o ireland_n and_o there_o choose_v they_o a_o place_n of_o abode_n both_o we_o and_o their_o own_o writer_n have_v leave_v in_o memory_n but_o by_o what_o cause_n or_o occasion_n they_o be_v call_v scot_n true_o i_o do_v not_o know_v for_o i_o do_v quite_o reject_v the_o egyptian_a fable_n of_o scota_n and_o the_o scota_fw-la self_n same_o language_n and_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n and_o behaviour_n with_o the_o irishman_n and_o that_o they_o be_v call_v of_o the_o britain_n by_o one_o name_n declare_v sufficient_o that_o they_o come_v from_o thence_o for_o the_o southernman_n of_o they_o be_v not_o true_a scot_n but_o bear_v and_o beget_v rather_o of_o englishman_n whereof_o a_o great_a number_a fly_v at_o the_o come_v of_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n depart_v into_o scotlan_n and_o do_v boast_n to_o this_o day_n that_o
be_v part_v into_o twain_o whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v scordisci_n and_o brenni_n dwell_v in_o hungarye_n the_o other_o by_o the_o name_n of_o brenni_n possess_v part_n of_o the_o alps_n by_o the_o mount_n brennerus_fw-la in_o tirolensis_fw-la shire_n who_o appianus_n call_v all_o by_o the_o name_n of_o cymbri_n which_o do_v all_o show_n that_o they_o be_v britain_n for_o bathynad_n in_o our_o country_n language_n signify_v a_o form_a judge_n for_o bath_n be_v beauty_n or_o form_n ynad_n with_o we_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o authority_n next_o to_o the_o king_n for_o when_o brennus_n be_v dead_a they_o choose_v he_o to_o their_o captain_n far_o yscar_n with_o we_o be_v to_o separate_v &_o yscaredic_n signify_v those_o which_o be_v separate_v where_o of_o this_o part_n of_o france_n when_o it_o depart_v from_o the_o residue_n be_v term_v yscaredic_n from_o whence_o scordisci_n be_v derive_v retain_v the_o name_n of_o brennus_n captain_n and_o brynn_n in_o british_a be_v a_o mountain_n or_o hill_n of_o which_o word_n brynnerus_fw-la be_v so_o call_v over_o and_o beside_o this_o gatheli_n or_o the_o irishman_n when_o as_o about_o this_o time_n they_o depart_v out_o of_o cantabria_n now_o biscay_n wander_v upon_o the_o sea_n to_o seek_v new_a dwelling_n call_v all_o britain_n brennach_n of_o brennus_n their_o famous_a captain_n by_o which_o name_n they_o call_v our_o countryman_n to_o this_o day_n and_o thus_o much_o suffice_v to_o have_v say_v of_o brennus_n but_o whereas_o some_o affirm_v that_o the_o frenchman_n use_v the_o british_a tongue_n by_o certain_a french_a word_n cite_v by_o rhenanus_fw-la sidonius_n and_o lazius_n it_o appear_v to_o be_v most_o false_a notwithstanding_o france_n i_o can_v not_o sufficient_o marvel_v that_o of_o the_o tongue_n of_o this_o most_o mighty_a nation_n who_o bound_n be_v comprise_v by_o the_o rhine_n the_o pyrenei_n mount_n appeninus_n and_o the_o ocean_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o show_n or_o token_n to_o be_v find_v remain_v and_o that_o it_o be_v most_o ancient_a it_o appear_v out_o of_o berosus_n annius_n giambularius_fw-la and_o postellus_n whereby_o gallia_n gallia_n now_o france_n be_v so_o call_v of_o rain_n which_o the_o hebrew_n call_v galliard_n and_o the_o britain_n glaw_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v berayn_v or_o overslow_v by_o the_o deluge_n notwithstanding_o the_o spayniard_n spayniarde_n although_o they_o be_v afflict_v by_o the_o roman_n the_o catti_n the_o alani_n the_o vandali_n the_o goth_n the_o suevi_fw-la and_o mauri_n or_o moor_n yet_o in_o cantabria_n call_v now_o biscay_n and_o asthuria_n â–ª_o for_o these_o be_v only_o the_o very_a true_a spaniard_n and_o hiberi_n they_o have_v preserve_v their_o ancient_a speech_n for_o that_o which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o spanish_a tongue_n be_v but_o a_o medley_n make_v out_o of_o the_o latin_a gothish_n and_o arabic_a but_o let_v we_o omit_v all_o these_o thing_n and_o return_v again_o unto_o our_o cambria_n call_v wales_n which_o we_o in_o our_o mother_n tongue_n do_v term_n cymbri_n this_o more_o than_o four_o hundred_o year_n since_o as_o gyraldus_n have_v very_o well_o note_v the_o englishman_n after_o the_o fashion_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o german_n have_v call_v wallia_fw-la that_o be_v wales_n for_o when_o the_o ancient_a almain_n have_v sometime_o join_v next_o unto_o they_o of_o foreigner_n the_o frenchman_n who_o they_o call_v walli_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o afterward_o they_o call_v all_o stranger_n and_o those_o which_o dwell_v in_o other_o province_n walli_n and_o wallisei_n like_o as_o at_o this_o present_a as_o well_o frenchmen_n as_o italian_n and_o burgundians_n welsh_a they_o call_v walli_n &_o all_o thing_n that_o come_v forth_o of_o strange_a country_n walshe_n this_o country_n i_o say_v which_o that_o i_o may_v use_v the_o word_n of_o gyraldus_n by_o a_o false_a name_n yet_o most_o frequent_v at_o these_o day_n but_o less_o proper_a be_v call_v wallia_fw-la wales_n contain_v in_o length_n 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name_n be_v call_v conavia_n because_o it_o be_v not_o so_o well_o defense_v be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v for_o the_o thyrd_o part_n of_o the_o britain_n which_o do_v now_o remain_v possess_v the_o southerly_a sea_n coast_n of_o france_n a_o singular_a good_a country_n be_v not_o translate_v thither_o after_o the_o destruction_n &_o conquest_n of_o britain_n but_o long_o ever_o that_o by_o maximus_n the_o tyrant_n who_o after_o many_o sharp_a battle_n which_o the_o british_a youth_n sustain_v under_o he_o during_o those_o war_n be_v with_o this_o farthermoste_a shore_n of_o france_n reward_v by_o the_o emperor_n liberality_n thus_o far_o gyraldus_n this_o country_n sometime_o be_v inhabit_v only_o by_o the_o britain_n but_o after_o ward_v the_o englishman_n begin_v to_o possess_v it_o unto_o offas_n ditch_n against_o who_o the_o welshman_n make_v infinite_a war_n until_o the_o come_v of_o william_n the_o norman_a under_o who_o son_n henry_n the_o fleming_n be_v then_o drive_v out_o 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accompany_v with_o many_o earl_n and_o lord_n of_o wales_n which_o love_v not_o the_o prince_n until_o that_o the_o prince_n himself_o be_v forsake_v by_o many_o of_o his_o own_o man_n be_v by_o the_o man_n of_o buelt_fw-mi betray_v not_o far_o from_o the_o river_n vaga_n or_o weigh_v whether_o he_o come_v with_o a_o very_a few_o soldier_n and_o by_o one_o adam_n francton_n which_o fight_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o helias_n walwin_n far_o from_o the_o residue_n of_o his_o own_o power_n be_v accompany_v with_o one_o only_a page_n and_o unarm_v with_o certain_a other_o noble_a man_n of_o that_o country_n which_o have_v tell_v in_o same_o before_o to_o his_o enemy_n be_v there_o slay_v most_o dishonourable_o after_o who_o death_n the_o welshman_n come_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o englishman_n and_o have_v always_o afterward_o to_o their_o prince_n the_o king_n of_o england_n elder_a wales_n son_n or_o daughter_n if_o male_a issue_n fail_v this_o king_n build_v certain_a town_n and_o 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welshman_n and_o you_o shall_v find_v but_o few_o of_o the_o rude_a sort_n which_o can_v read_v and_o write_v their_o own_o name_n and_o play_v on_o the_o harp_n after_o their_o manner_n and_o now_o also_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o daily_a service_n be_v print_v in_o their_o tongue_n and_o like_v as_o this_o nation_n as_o tacitus_n report_v be_v very_o impatient_a of_o injury_n be_v always_o at_o variance_n in_o continual_a war_n and_o slaughter_n within_o itself_o so_o now_o through_o fear_n of_o law_n which_o they_o do_v very_o civil_o obey_v they_o strive_v in_o action_n and_o controversy_n unto_o the_o consume_a of_o all_o their_o god_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o manner_n and_o demeanour_n of_o the_o welshman_n at_o this_o day_n but_o now_o hear_v of_o their_o old_a out_o of_o gyraldus_n which_o write_v thus_o if_o be_v a_o light_a nation_n a_o sharp_a nation_n rather_o than_o a_o rough_a a_o nation_n whole_o give_v unto_o war_n for_o here_o not_o only_o the_o 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they_o fight_v for_o their_o country_n they_o labour_v for_o their_o liberty_n for_o which_o not_o only_o to_o blade_n it_o out_o but_o also_o to_o lose_v their_o life_n they_o count_n it_o sweet_a whereby_o it_o come_v that_o they_o think_v it_o shame_n to_o die_v in_o their_o bed_n and_o a_o honour_n to_o die_v in_o war_n and_o these_o be_v now_o the_o remnant_n of_o aeneas_n train_n will_v run_v forth_o headlongewise_o in_o armour_n for_o their_o liberty_n of_o who_o this_o be_v very_o notable_a to_o be_v mark_v that_o many_o time_n be_v naked_a they_o dare_v encounter_v with_o those_o which_o bear_v weapon_n unarm_v with_o those_o which_o be_v arm_v and_o footman_n with_o horseman_n in_o which_o conflict_n many_o time_n only_o through_o their_o nimbleness_n &_o courage_n of_o mind_n they_o become_v the_o conqueror_n and_o be_v not_o unlike_a unto_o those_o in_o place_n and_o nature_n of_o who_o the_o poet_n speak_v subject_a unto_o the_o northern_a bear_n â—_o most_o happy_a folk_n by_o their_o mischance_n on_o who_o those_o heap_n of_o fear_n and_o chief_a dread_n of_o death_n do_v nothing_o daunt_v whereby_o do_v rise_v to_o they_o a_o ready_a mind_n to_o run_v to_o fight_v and_o death_n despise_v account_v for_o to_o spare_v life_n that_o will_v come_v again_o great_a cowardice_n and_o in_o another_o place_n a_o nation_n slender_o arm_v trust_v rather_o to_o their_o agility_n than_o the_o force_n of_o their_o man_n for_o if_o they_o be_v overcome_v to_o day_n and_o shameful_o turn_v in_o to_o bloody_a fight_n notwithstanding_o tomorrow_o they_o prepare_v a_o new_a expedition_n not_o mindful_a of_o their_o loss_n nor_o shame_n and_o although_o they_o prevail_v not_o when_o war_n be_v proclaim_v with_o open_a meet_n yet_o in_o secret_a ambushment_n and_o break_n in_o by_o night_n they_o will_v vex_v their_o enemy_n so_o that_o be_v
weapon_n and_o require_v benediction_n with_o a_o stoop_a head_n in_o the_o same_o region_n be_v a_o place_n in_o which_o they_o say_v under_o dews_n foot_n who_o in_o lantine_n they_o call_v david_n david_n while_o he_o inveyh_v against_o the_o pelagian_n the_o earth_n bellow_v and_o rise_v up_o in_o a_o hill_n which_o they_o term_v lhandewybrevy_v in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o region_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o shire_n upon_o the_o river_n teify_v which_o we_o term_v aberteifi_n to_o say_v the_o mouth_n of_o teifus_fw-la the_o englishman_n call_v it_o cardigan_n this_o river_n only_o of_o all_o britain_n as_o gyraldus_n report_v abound_v with_o otter_n but_o now_o our_o countryman_n know_v not_o what_o they_o be_v the_o bare_a name_n which_o be_v auanc_n they_o take_v for_o a_o monster_n of_o the_o water_n pass_o forth_o along_o by_o the_o same_o sea_n coast_n there_o come_v unto_o our_o view_n a_o region_n of_o ancient_a time_n term_v of_o our_o countryman_n 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where_o be_v choose_v bishop_n of_o dole_n he_o leave_v there_o his_o pall_v which_o his_o successor_n have_v enjoy_v unto_o this_o day_n before_o who_o the_o archbishop_n of_o turo_n have_v prevail_v but_o we_o by_o occasion_n of_o the_o saxon_a war_n and_o their_o own_o poverty_n lose_v their_o ancient_a dignity_n notwithstanding_o all_o bishop_n of_o wales_n be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o meneve_n and_o he_o of_o they_o as_o his_o suffragan_n until_o the_o day_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o when_o as_o bernhard_n be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o cantorbury_n and_o use_v himself_o long_o time_n after_o as_o archbishop_n until_o in_o the_o end_n his_o action_n fall_v at_o rome_n this_o much_o gyraldus_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o bishop_n of_o meneve_v before_o morgenew_v which_o be_v the._n xxxiii_o from_o david_n that_o taste_v any_o flesh_n and_o he_o the_o very_a same_o night_n when_o he_o first_o taste_v flesh_n be_v slay_v by_o pirate_n this_o church_n have_v be_v very_o often_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v by_o english_a and_o danish_a pirate_n here_o in_o the_o valley_n rosea_fw-la be_v bear_v the_o great_a patrick_n who_o endue_v ireland_n with_o the_o patrick_n christian_a faith_n haverfordia_n which_o they_o call_v now_o west_n hereford_n be_v distant_a from_o this_o see_v xxi_o mile_n in_o old_a time_n call_v of_o the_o britain_n aberdaugleddaw_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o mouth_n of_o two_o sword_n for_o so_o the_o chief_a river_n of_o all_o britain_n which_o make_v any_o haven_n be_v term_v englishman_n call_v the_o same_o milford_n and_o some_o alaunicum_fw-la by_o the_o latin_a name_n the_o welshman_n call_v this_o town_n now_o hulphordh_n and_o the_o haven_n reserve_v his_o antique_a name_n upon_o the_o same_o crook_n or_o bosom_n stand_v benbrock_n head_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o work_n of_o arnulph_n montgomer_n which_o girarde_n of_o wyndelesour_n valiant_o defend_v against_o rhesus_n son_n to_o theodore_n and_o after_o that_o peace_n be_v establish_v as_o gyraldus_n report_v he_o take_v to_o wife_n nessa_n the_o daughter_n of_o thesus_n on_o who_o he_o beget_v worthy_a issue_n both_o male_a and_o female_a by_o who_o both_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o wales_n remain_v unto_o the_o englishman_n and_o the_o force_n of_o ireland_n be_v afterward_o vanquish_v at_o the_o south_n sea_n lie_v tenbigh_n as_o englishman_n term_v it_o but_o welshman_n dinbegh_n ypyscot_n that_o be_v to_o wit_n fish_v denbygh_a so_o denbygh_fw-mi call_v for_o difference_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o other_o which_o be_v in_o gwynedh_n this_o same_o part_n of_o demetia_n or_o dynetia_n be_v at_o this_o day_n possess_v and_o inhabit_v by_o fleming_n send_v thither_o by_o henry_n the_o first_o â–ª_o the_o people_n be_v stout_a and_o rough_a defend_v themselves_o and_o they_o valiant_o against_o the_o welshman_n â–ª_o and_o although_o many_o time_n especial_o by_o cadwallader_n conanus_fw-la and_o howell_n son_n of_o owaen_n prince_n of_o gwynedh_n and_o rhesus_n son_n to_o gryff_v of_o north-wales_n and_o last_o by_o leweline_n the_o great_a as_o parisiensis_fw-la term_v he_o who_o have_v in_o his_o army_n thirty_o thousand_o man_n they_o be_v almost_o destroy_v and_o slay_v yet_o have_v they_o always_o recover_v their_o strength_n again_o and_o unto_o this_o day_n be_v know_v from_o welshman_n by_o diversity_n of_o their_o manner_n and_o tongue_n the_o three_o province_n of_o southwales_n maridinia_n take_v name_n of_o maridunum_n a_o very_a ancient_a city_n whereof_o both_o latin_a and_o greek_a writer_n make_v mention_v by_o which_o name_n it_o be_v so_o call_v and_o know_v long_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o that_o very_a well_o learned_a man_n who_o the_o englishman_n corrupt_o call_v merlin_n but_o our_o countryman_n merdhin_a merlin_n neither_o do_v the_o city_n take_v name_n of_o he_o but_o he_o of_o that_o whereas_o he_o be_v bear_v we_o call_v the_o same_o caer_fw-mi frydâ—in_n by_o reason_n of_o propriety_n of_o the_o tongue_n whereby_o we_o change_v m_o into_o five_o the_o consonant_n for_o who_o our_o countryman_n do_v use_n fletcher_n in_o the_o castle_n &_o city_n of_o merdhyn_n that_o same_o ambrose_n who_o be_v bear_v of_o a_o noble_a virgin_n who_o father_n name_n be_v of_o purpose_n suppress_v for_o his_o pass_a skill_n in_o the_o mathematicals_n and_o wonderful_a knowledge_n in_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o learning_n be_v by_o the_o rude_a common_a people_n repute_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o incubus_n or_o a_o male_a devil_n which_o in_o similitude_n and_o likeness_n of_o man_n do_v use_v carnal_o to_o company_n with_o woman_n this_o town_n as_o gyraldus_n write_v be_v in_o old_a time_n compass_v round_o with_o a_o fair_a brickewall_n and_o upon_o the_o river_n clarus_n which_o ptolomaeus_n term_v tobius_n we_o towi_n be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n seat_n and_o palace_n of_o southwales_n be_v build_v until_o that_o it_o be_v take_v by_o the_o englishman_n after_o what_o time_n it_o be_v remove_v unto_o dynefur_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n a_o place_n very_o well_o fortify_a with_o wood_n and_o hill_n in_o this_o region_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o strong_a situation_n of_o place_n the_o prince_n of_o southwales_n make_v wellnigh_o their_o continual_a abode_n which_o be_v divide_v from_o ceretica_n by_o the_o river_n tifey_n by_o who_o side_n castle_n stand_v the_o noble_a castle_n of_o emlyn_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v environ_v with_o very_o high_a hill_n and_o with_o the_o sea._n towards_o the_o sea_n be_v catguilia_n now_o cydweili_n a_o country_n sometime_o possess_v by_o mauritius_n of_o london_n next_o who_o lie_v gwhir_n which_o join_v unto_o morgania_n with_o a_o town_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o tawai_n of_o we_o abertawai_n of_o englishman_n call_v swansei_n morgania_n of_o englishmen_n glamorgan_n of_o we_o call_v morganwc_n and_o gwladforgan_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o country_n of_o morgan_n of_o one_o morgan_n morgan_n which_o be_v there_o slay_v by_o his_o aunt_n son_n cuneda_n who_o be_v king_n of_o lhoëgr_n more_o than_o two_o thousand_o year_n since_o so_o call_v it_o lie_v on_o the_o severn_n sea_n and_o be_v always_o wont_a to_o be_v rebellious_a against_o his_o prince_n wherefore_o when_o it_o refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o true_a and_o lawful_a prince_n by_o the_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n punish_v which_o always_o revenge_v rebellion_n and_o treason_n it_o be_v enforce_v to_o come_v in_o servitude_n unto_o stranger_n for_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n one_o thousand_o fourscore_o and_o ten_o when_o jestinus_fw-la son_n to_o gurgantus_fw-la earl_n of_o morgania_n refuse_v to_o obey_v rhesus_n son_n to_o theodore_n prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o send_v aeneas_n son_n to_o cedivorus_fw-la sometime_o lord_n of_o demetia_n into_o england_n to_o take_v muster_n of_o soldier_n and_o there_o receive_v a_o great_a army_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o one_o robert_n son_n
to_o accomplish_v the_o better_a we_o must_v something_o say_v before_o caesar_n which_o first_o of_o all_o the_o roman_n caesar_n have_v celebrate_v the_o name_n of_o this_o island_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n call_v it_o britannia_n who_o almost_o all_o other_o latin_a writer_n imitate_v have_v not_o change_v the_o same_o name_n notwithstanding_o only_a sir_n thomas_n eliote_n a_o knight_n eliote_n who_o learning_n be_v not_o to_o be_v contemn_v have_v stand_v up_o of_o late_a amongst_o we_o who_o contend_v not_o without_o good_a reason_n and_o probability_n that_o it_o be_v call_v in_o old_a time_n prytannia_n which_o he_o prove_v by_o a_o very_a ancient_a copy_n that_o he_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n but_o where_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v term_v so_o in_o greek_a for_o the_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n thereof_o sure_o i_o which_o do_v quite_o reject_v such_o derivation_n do_v not_o allow_v it_o yet_o yield_a rather_o to_o the_o name_n of_o prytannia_n than_o britannia_n the_o authority_n of_o which_o ancient_a fragment_n i_o will_v endeavour_n to_o confirm_v with_o weighty_a reason_n but_o because_o in_o so_o do_v i_o shall_v appear_v to_o bring_v forth_o certain_a paradox_n and_o opinion_n not_o hear_v of_o before_o the_o better_a to_o satisfy_v both_o my_o countryman_n the_o britain_n in_o wales_n and_o other_o i_o will_v lay_v forth_o my_o purpose_n before_o all_o man_n eye_n not_o cleave_n so_o precise_o to_o my_o own_o opinion_n but_o that_o if_o any_o man_n can_v bring_v i_o more_o better_a and_o more_o certain_a i_o will_v quick_o yield_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n always_o reserve_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o learned_a you_o shall_v have_v my_o opinion_n when_o i_o chance_v of_o late_a year_n to_o come_v to_o the_o sight_n of_o polydorus_n virgilius_n the_o italian_a and_o hector_n boethius_n the_o scot_n their_o british_a history_n whereof_o the_o first_o maynful_o seek_v not_o only_o to_o obscure_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o british_n name_n but_o also_o to_o defame_v the_o britain_n themselves_o with_o sclandrous_a lie_n the_o other_o while_o he_o go_v about_o to_o raise_v his_o scot_n out_o of_o darkness_n and_o obscurity_n what_o ever_o he_o find_v that_o the_o roman_n or_o britain_n have_v do_v worthy_a commendation_n in_o this_o island_n all_o that_o he_o attribute_v unto_o his_o scot_n like_o a_o foolish_a writer_n wherefore_o be_v provoke_v by_o these_o injury_n that_o i_o may_v the_o better_o guard_v my_o sweet_a country_n from_o such_o inconvenience_n unto_o my_o small_a power_n i_o begin_v to_o peruse_v all_o such_o ancient_a history_n both_o greek_a and_o latin_a as_o ever_o have_v write_v of_o britain_n or_o the_o britain_n cause_v not_o only_o all_o such_o sentence_n but_o each_o word_n also_o to_o be_v copy_v forth_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o thereout_o as_o of_o a_o thick_a and_o plentiful_a wood_n i_o may_v gather_v sufficient_a timber_n to_o frame_v a_o british_a history_n and_o not_o only_o continue_v in_o read_v strange_a writer_n but_o also_o the_o most_o antique_a fragment_n of_o our_o poetes_n which_o at_o this_o day_n retain_v therein_o as_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n else_o the_o old_a name_n be_v call_v bardi_n together_o with_o bardi_n history_n write_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n which_o of_o late_a so_o far_o as_o i_o suppose_v be_v by_o i_o first_o translate_v into_o english_a and_o not_o only_o confer_v the_o deed_n but_o also_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o place_n in_o both_o tongue_n where_o i_o have_v note_v prydain_n that_o britannia_n be_v first_o call_v prydain_n amongst_o we_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o most_o ancient_a book_n of_o pedigree_n wherein_o the_o welshman_n be_v too_o too_o curious_a have_v amongst_o they_o continual_o certain_a register_n of_o pedigree_n and_o discentes_fw-la which_o some_o call_v hierhaut_n hierhaut_n which_o perpetual_o do_v record_n in_o writing_a and_o memory_n the_o name_n of_o parent_n with_o their_o child_n contrivinge_n they_o into_o tribe_n as_o they_o be_v divide_v in_o old_a time_n they_o think_v as_o well_o of_o themselves_o as_o either_o the_o frenchman_n the_o turk_n or_o latin_n derive_v their_o original_n from_o the_o troyan_n in_o these_o book_n as_o i_o say_v it_o be_v many_o time_n find_v that_o this_o island_n be_v call_v prydain_n as_o paun_n post_v prydain_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o cheefist_n post_n or_o pillar_n of_o britain_n a_o certain_a writer_n also_o which_o write_v many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o amongst_o the_o old_a valiant_a britain_n show_v the_o same_o beside_o that_o the_o poetes_n and_o those_o which_o they_o call_v bardi_n at_o this_o day_n do_v frequent_a common_o that_o word_n as_o post_v prydáin_o olh_o pride_n à _fw-fr nerth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o pillar_n of_o all_o britain_n the_o beauty_n and_o strength_n moreover_o it_o be_v usual_o find_v in_o all_o our_o book_n ynys_n prydain_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o island_n of_o britain_n and_o phrainc_fw-la à _fw-la phrydain_n that_o be_v france_n and_o britain_n whereby_o those_o that_o understand_v the_o tongue_n may_v easy_o gather_v that_o our_o britain_n call_v this_o island_n prydain_v in_o their_o language_n which_o the_o latin_n for_o the_o hardness_n and_o evil_a sound_n thereof_o have_v reject_v and_o have_v call_v the_o country_n britannia_n and_o the_o people_n britanni_n for_o the_o more_o gentle_a and_o pleasant_a sound_n sake_n which_o i_o will_v prove_v by_o these_o strong_a argument_n follow_v every_o british_a word_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o who_o first_o radical_a be_v pea_n have_v three_o variation_n in_o construction_n namely_o into_o b_o ph_n and_o mh_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n amongst_o we_o sometime_o begin_v with_o b_o sometime_o with_o ph_n and_o sometime_o with_o mh_o wherefore_o the_o first_o radical_a thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v p._n and_o another_o infallible_a argument_n thereis_n that_o b_o be_v not_o the_o first_o radical_a of_o that_o name_n theris_z no_o british_a word_n who_o first_o radical_a letter_n be_v b_o that_o abide_v any_o change_n into_o pea_n or_o ph._n but_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n among_o the_o britain_n as_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o tongue_n require_v sometime_o begin_v with_o pea_n sometime_o with_o ph_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o wherefore_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n have_v not_o b_o for_o his_o first_o radical_a letter_n neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a that_o weâ—_z shall_v seek_v the_o derivation_n of_o this_o name_n from_o the_o greek_n since_o we_o may_v find_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o in_o our_o own_o tongue_n wherein_o almost_o all_o name_n of_o man_n and_o place_n be_v of_o themselves_o significant_a pride_n amongst_o we_o signify_v comeliness_n or_o beauty_n cain_n signify_v white_a so_o that_o by_o the_o join_v of_o these_o two_o word_n together_o &_o take_v away_o c_o in_o composition_n for_o the_o better_a sound_n sake_n be_v make_v prydain_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o white_a or_o excellent_a beauty_n or_o comeliness_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v the_o first_o borderer_n thereto_o call_v it_o a_o fair_a and_o fertile_a land_n but_o sing_v this_o be_v but_o a_o bare_a conjecture_n i_o be_o not_o against_o it_o but_o that_o every_o man_n hold_v his_o own_o opinion_n neither_o be_o i_o ignorant_a that_o some_o very_o well_o learned_a man_n and_o expert_a in_o the_o british_a tongue_n do_v write_v the_o island_n name_n with_o b._n which_o i_o think_v they_o do_v rather_o follow_v therein_o the_o latin_n then_o judge_v the_o same_o to_o be_v the_o true_a name_n know_v the_o proof_n which_o i_o have_v before_o allege_v to_o bâ—_z so_o undoubted_o certain_a that_o themselves_o can_v deny_v they_o perhaps_o here_o will_v stand_v forth_o some_o enemy_n to_o the_o british_a name_n say_v that_o by_o these_o argument_n i_o do_v disprove_v both_o the_o come_n of_o brutus_n into_o this_o island_n and_o polydorus_n himself_o with_o his_o british_a history_n but_o god_n forbid_v i_o shall_v be_v so_o impious_a in_o such_o wise_a to_o despise_v the_o majesty_n of_o antiquity_n nay_o rather_o when_o opportunity_n shall_v be_v offer_v i_o purpose_v to_o confirm_v by_o bring_v forth_o many_o weighty_a reason_n and_o authority_n which_o i_o have_v ready_a in_o store_n for_o a_o british_a history_n both_o his_o come_n and_o also_o to_o establish_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o british_a history_n nothing_o regard_v the_o folly_n of_o those_o who_o because_o they_o find_v not_o the_o name_n of_o it_o in_o the_o roman_a history_n bold_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o in_o the_o world_n at_o all_o sing_v unto_o those_o that_o shall_v read_v halicarnasseus_n and_o livius_n so_o much_o disagree_v and_o also_o consider_v the_o obscurity_n of_o the_o latin_a name_n at_o that_o time_n when_o brutus_n pass_v out_o of_o italy_n into_o greece_n it_o shall_v easy_o
divide_v it_o into_o many_o kingdom_n namely_o kent_n the_o south_n saxon_n the_o westsaxons_n the_o eastsaxons_n east_n englishmen_n the_o kingdom_n of_o march_n who_o lazius_n a_o man_n very_o well_o learned_a and_o well_o deserve_v of_o posterity_n in_o vain_a seek_v for_o in_o germany_n suppose_v the_o history_n of_o bede_n to_o be_v write_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o germany_n and_o not_o of_o england_n and_o northumberland_n which_o be_v also_o divide_v into_o twain_o bernicia_n and_o deira_n who_o king_n be_v pagan_n destroy_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n all_o church_n monastery_n and_o library_n and_o after_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v christianity_n by_o augustine_n the_o monk_n monk_n they_o fight_v many_o battle_n both_o among_o themselves_o and_o against_o the_o britain_n until_o that_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o egbert_n lord_n 620._o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n be_v make_v monarch_n of_o all_o begin_v to_o rule_v alone_o and_o first_o of_o all_o command_v that_o the_o country_n shall_v be_v call_v england_n and_o the_o people_n englishmen_n englishmen_n be_v a_o very_a famous_a people_n of_o germany_n whereof_o the_o captain_n and_o chief_n of_o saxony_n as_o crantzius_n report_v be_v long_o time_n call_v captain_n of_o anglaria_n and_o there_o remain_v yet_o as_o i_o have_v read_v a_o castle_n where_o they_o sometime_o abode_n term_v now_o engern_n in_o the_o frontier_n of_o westphalia_n between_o osnabrugh_n and_o heruordia_n whereby_o it_o come_v that_o our_o countryman_n retain_v the_o first_o name_n do_v call_v all_o englishman_n saison_n and_o their_o tongue_n saissonaëg_n and_o know_v not_o what_o this_o word_n england_n or_o a_o englishman_n mean_v short_o after_o the_o dane_n over_o come_v the_o englishman_n &_o possess_v this_o land_n until_o the_o year_n of_o the_o incarnate_a bastard_n word_n 1066_o william_n bastard_n of_o normandy_n with_o his_o normans_n vanquishing_n both_o englishman_n and_o dane_n usurp_v the_o country_n from_o which_o stock_n almost_o the_o whole_a nobility_n of_o this_o realm_n unto_o this_o day_n do_v fetch_v their_o descent_n but_o let_v we_o return_v to_o lhoëgr_n which_o lhoëgr_n in_o time_n past_a be_v environ_v with_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o river_n of_o severne_n dee_n and_o humber_n but_o now_o since_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n stretchefoorth_o beyond_o humber_n to_o twede_v we_o will_v also_o stretch_v forth_o the_o name_n of_o lhoëgr_n so_o far_o and_o although_o the_o englishman_n do_v possess_v beyond_o severn_n hereford_n shire_n the_o forest_n of_o deane_n and_o many_o other_o place_n yet_o we_o hold_v that_o they_o dwell_v in_o wales_n not_o in_o lhëogr_n and_o be_v take_v almost_o every_o where_o of_o all_o other_o englishman_n for_o welshman_n but_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi be_v account_v at_o this_o day_n one_o of_o the_o ancient_a bond_n save_v that_o in_o certain_a place_n both_o the_o people_n &_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n have_v encroach_v more_o into_o england_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o presuppose_v let_v we_o now_o descend_v to_o the_o particulared_a escription_n of_o lhoëgr_n or_o england_n in_o which_o the_o country_n call_v cantium_n of_o the_o roman_n of_o our_o countryman_n caint_v of_o englishmen_n kent_n come_v kent_n first_o unto_o our_o view_n from_o whence_o there_o be_v but_o a_o narrow_a cut_v over_o into_o france_n to_o the_o haven_n gessoriacus_n which_o be_v now_o term_v bollen_a as_o s._n rhenanus_fw-la gather_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a chart_n of_o warly_a description_n and_o not_o only_a marcellinus_n amongst_o the_o old_a writer_n speak_v of_o the_o sea_n town_n of_o bollen_a in_o the_o life_n of_o julian_n the_o emperor_n but_o also_o in_o his_o panegiricus_n call_v constantinus_n the_o son_n of_o constantius_n these_o be_v find_v constantinus_n the_o father_n be_v make_v emperor_n at_o his_o first_o come_n with_o a_o innumerable_a fleet_n of_o enemy_n pen_v out_o the_o fierce_a ocean_n &_o environ_v army_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o town_n bollen_a etc_n etc_n coenalis_n affirm_v the_o haven_n gessoriacus_n be_v caslete_a of_o flanders_n which_o town_n stand_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a hill_n fourteen_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n sufficient_o declare_v the_o author_n unskilfulness_n and_o i_o take_v iccius_n to_o be_v the_o same_o haven_n which_o now_o they_o term_v caletum_n for_o calitium_fw-la calais_n but_o i_o can_v agree_v calais_n with_o those_o which_o make_v selusas_fw-la of_o flaunders_n to_o be_v iccius_n be_v unlike_a that_o the_o roman_n will_v have_v use_v so_o long_o a_o course_n by_o sea_n when_o they_o may_v have_v pass_v over_o soon_o &_o more_o commedious_o from_o that_o place_n there_o be_v in_o kent_n in_o old_a time_n three_o famous_a port_n well_o know_v to_o the_o roman_n doris_n rhutupis_n and_o lemanis_n doris_n undoubted_o be_v the_o same_o which_o both_o englishman_n and_o britain_n reserve_v the_o ancient_a name_n at_o this_o day_n do_v call_v dover_n for_o we_o call_v water_n dover_n dour_a or_o duúr_n and_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o the_o dovarians_n stout_o defend_v that_o their_o town_n heretofore_o be_v call_v rutupium_n and_o that_o aruiragus_n king_n of_o britain_n build_v there_o a_o noble_a castle_n yet_o i_o have_v rather_o give_v credit_n to_o antoninus_n who_o speak_v of_o both_o and_o i_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v rutupium_n which_o of_o the_o englishman_n be_v call_v repcestre_n nigh_o sandwiche_n not_o far_o from_o the_o isle_n of_o thanat_n for_o that_o i_o land_n we_o call_v thanat_n ynys_n rhuochym_n as_o much_o to_o say_v rutupina_n whereof_o the_o shore_n deserve_v to_o be_v term_v rutupinum_n and_o the_o porte_fw-fr rutupis_n lemanis_n or_o as_o some_o call_v it_o linienus_fw-la be_v that_o river_n which_o be_v now_o call_v amongst_o the_o englishman_n rotler_n rotler_n and_o flow_v into_o the_o ocean_n sea_n nigh_o apuldore_v moreover_o beside_o sea_n these_o famous_a port_n be_v rye_n and_o wynchelsea_n two_o town_n &_o far_a within_o the_o main_n land_n durobrevis_fw-la and_o durovernum_fw-la the_o same_o englishman_n do_v call_v cantorbury_n that_o be_v to_o say_v cantorburie_n the_o court_n of_o the_o kentyshman_n and_o with_o we_o caërgant_n and_o be_v chief_a metropolitant_a sea_n of_o all_o england_n and_o wales_n the_o tother_o be_v term_v rofcester_n but_o antoninus_n place_v vagniacum_n between_o london_n and_o dorovernum_fw-la &_o between_o that_o and_o durovernum_fw-la durolernum_fw-la but_o what_o name_v they_o have_v at_o this_o day_n i_o be_o not_o altogether_o ignorant_a howbeit_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o these_o town_n take_v their_o name_n of_o water_n which_o be_v duur_n in_o british_a and_o duriverne_v amongst_o we_o plain_o signify_v water_n which_o flow_v out_o of_o a_o place_n where_o alder_n grow_v whereby_o i_o be_o persuade_v that_o the_o same_o town_n in_o time_n pass_v thereof_o obtain_v his_o name_n but_o before_o i_o depart_v forth_o of_o kent_n i_o must_v brief_o touch_v that_o great_a will_v whereof_o both_o british_a and_o english_a writer_n have_v speak_v the_o britain_n call_v it_o coëd_v andr_v but_o the_o englishman_n andedreswald_n and_o huntingdon_n affirm_v that_o it_o contain_v in_o length_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n thirty_o mile_n and_o that_o the_o worthy_a city_n call_v caër_fw-la andr_v and_o andredecester_n stand_v therein_o which_o dalla_n king_n of_o the_o southsaxons_n utter_o overthrow_v so_o that_o there_o remain_v no_o token_n nor_o rubbish_n thereof_o the_o kentishman_n and_o southsaxons_n to_o this_o day_n do_v call_v a_o place_n where_o wood_n have_v be_v walden_n walden_n not_o know_v for_o all_o that_o whence_o the_o word_n be_v derive_v when_o other_o but_o false_o call_v it_o welden_v other_o wylden_n for_o the_o english_a saxon_n call_v a_o wood_n walden_n as_o the_o german_n do_v now_o term_v a_o plain_n without_o tree_n wolden_a as_o in_o these_o word_n cottiswolden_a and_o pork_n will_v it_o appear_v next_o unto_o the_o kentishman_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o thames_n be_v those_o which_o in_o time_n past_a be_v the_o second_o kingdom_n of_o southsaxson_n and_o be_v term_v southsaxon_n but_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o two_o shire_n southsex_n and_o southtrey_n and_o i_o be_o of_o belief_n that_o neomaguin_n be_v their_o city_n where_o chichester_n gylford_n now_o stand_v chichester_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o southsaxons_n be_v call_v caërceri_fw-la in_o british_a after_o these_o come_v the_o atrabates_n which_o now_o be_v call_v the_o people_n of_o barkshyre_n who_o principal_a city_n in_o old_a time_n be_v call_v walingford_n caleva_n but_o now_o walyngford_n wherein_o i_o can_v consent_v to_o those_o which_o call_v oxford_n caleva_n stand_v on_o the_o north_n shore_n of_o the_o thames_n there_o be_v also_o a_o village_n name_v cilcester_n not_o far_o from_o basinge_v which_o before_o time_n be_v call_v caërsegent_n and_o segontium_n of_o
call_v it_o mur_n severus_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v severus_n wall_n and_o in_o another_o place_n gual_n severus_fw-la severus_n valley_n at_o this_o day_n in_o this_o region_n stand_v edemburge_n edenburge_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n sometime_o build_v by_o eboracus_n king_n of_o britain_n call_v also_o castle_n mynyd_n agnes_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o castle_n of_o s._n agnes_n hill_n &_o afterward_o the_o castle_n of_o virgin_n the_o water_n there_o which_o be_v now_o call_v forthea_n be_v call_v the_o picticum_fw-la sea_n and_o afterward_o the_o scottish_a sea_n and_o thus_o far_o stretch_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n tacitus_n call_v the_o same_o bodotua_n howbeit_o polydorus_n so_o term_v the_o river_n levinus_n which_o out_o of_o the_o lake_n lomundus_fw-la flow_v into_o cluyda_n for_o say_v he_o glota_n and_o bodotua_n two_o diverse_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n run_v forth_o a_o great_a length_n be_v keep_v a_o sunder_o with_o a_o narrow_a piece_n of_o ground_n wherefore_o bodotua_n flow_v not_o into_o glota_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o river_n but_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o it_o can_v be_v levinus_n by_o any_o mean_n beyond_o these_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n dwell_v the_o caledonij_n the_o most_o nobly_a nation_n of_o albania_n where_o now_o the_o inland_n scots_n inhabit_v at_o the_o east_n part_n be_v horestia_n now_o angusia_n fisa_n and_o mernia_n at_o the_o west_n be_v the_o epidij_fw-la and_o more_o towards_o the_o north_n the_o creoni_n and_o after_o these_o the_o canovaci_n where_o now_o lennosia_n &_o argadia_n and_o lorna_n be_v the_o carini_n possess_v loguhabria_n the_o logi_n strathnavernia_n and_o at_o the_o other_o sea_n coast_n the_o cauti_fw-la moravia_n and_o rossia_fw-la and_o the_o cornabij_n which_o be_v far_a of_o all_o inhabit_v sutherlandia_n and_o cathanisia_n and_o whereas_o boethius_n write_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n the_o moravi_n come_v by_o a_o whole_a navy_n into_o scotland_n it_o be_v most_o false_a as_z appeareth_z in_o history_n for_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o slavi_fw-la whereof_o the_o moravi_n take_v their_o beginning_n be_v altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o world_n until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n mauritius_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 600._o the_o marcomanni_n also_o and_o the_o quadi_n inhabit_v those_o place_n which_o afterward_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 900._o be_v under_o arnulphus_n begin_v by_o zuentebaldus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o slavi_n to_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o moravia_n beyond_o scotlan_n in_o the_o german_a â–ª_o ocean_n be_v the_o island_n call_v orchades_n whereof_o the_o big_a be_v call_v pomonia_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o albania_n in_o the_o sea_n vergivium_fw-la which_o the_o britain_n call_v norweridh_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v the_o irish_a sea_n from_o whence_o i_o conjecture_v that_o the_o antique_a name_n vergivium_fw-la be_v derive_v lie_v the_o isle_n hebrides_n in_o number_a hebrides_n two_z and_o forty_o of_o other_o call_v euboniae_n euboniae_fw-la the_o i_o will_v of_o anglisea_n be_v none_o of_o these_o as_o i_o will_v show_v in_o another_o place_n and_o not_o far_o hence_o lie_v ireland_n a_o island_n irland_n also_o which_o our_o countryman_n call_v ywerdhon_n the_o inhabitant_n verni_n whereby_o in_o my_o opinion_n they_o do_v far_o better_o which_o term_n it_o juernia_n as_o mela_n and_o juvenal_n in_o his_o second_o satire_n or_o jerna_n as_o claudianus_n and_o dionysius_n rather_o than_o hibernia_n now_o ireland_n the_o britain_n and_o scot_n do_v call_v the_o inhabitant_n by_o one_o name_n guyddhyl_n thus_o have_v â–ª_o end_v the_o wales_n description_n of_o scotland_n with_o the_o island_n lie_v thereabout_o let_v we_o now_o proceed_v to_o wales_n the_o three_o part_n of_o britain_n the_o same_o be_v divide_v from_o lhoëgr_n that_o be_v england_n by_o the_o river_n severn_n &_o do_v you_o and_o on_o every_o other_o side_n be_v environ_v by_o the_o vergivium_fw-la or_o iris_n he_o ocean_n and_o it_o be_v call_v cambria_n as_o our_o chronicle_n do_v report_n of_o camber_n the_o three_o son_n of_o brutus_n like_v as_o lhoëgr_n of_o locrine_n and_o albania_n of_o albanactus_n cambria_n his_o other_o son_n also_o this_o same_o only_a with_o cornwall_n a_o most_o ancient_a country_n of_o britain_n enjoy_v as_o yet_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n the_o welshman_n use_v the_o british_a tongue_n and_o be_v the_o very_a true_a britain_n by_o birth_n and_o although_o some_o do_v write_v that_o wales_n do_v not_o stretch_v forth_o on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n vaga_n or_o weigh_v this_o can_v be_v no_o fraud_n to_o we_o for_o we_o have_v take_v in_o hand_n to_o describe_v cambria_n and_o not_o wallia_fw-la wales_n as_o it_o be_v now_o call_v by_o a_o new_a name_n and_o unacquainted_a to_o the_o welshman_n in_o north-wales_n the_o welshman_n keep_v their_o old_a bound_n but_o in_o southwales_n the_o englishman_n be_v come_v over_o severn_n and_o have_v possess_v all_o the_o land_n between_o it_o and_o weigh_a so_o that_o all_o herefordshyre_n &_o the_o forest_n of_o deane_n and_o glocestreshyre_n &_o a_o great_a part_n of_o worcestershyre_n &_o schreupshyre_n on_o this_o side_n severn_n be_v inhabit_v by_o englishman_n at_o this_o day_n these_o region_n with_o certain_a corner_n of_o fluitenshyre_n and_o denbyghshyre_n be_v sometime_o under_o the_o king_n of_o march._n and_o our_o countryman_n unto_o this_o day_n do_v call_v their_o near_a borderer_n gwyry_a mers_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o man_n of_o march._n for_o offa_n a_o most_o mighty_a king_n of_o march_n the_o year_n of_o the_o incarnate_a word_n seven_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o kingdom_n towards_o the_o britain_n in_o wales_n may_v the_o better_o be_v know_v cause_v a_o very_a deep_a ditch_n with_o a_o exceed_a high_a wall_n to_o be_v make_v from_o the_o water_n devanus_fw-la a_o little_a above_o the_o castle_n call_v filix_fw-la through_o â—ie_v hill_n and_o deep_a valley_n fen_n kocke_z cliff_n &_o river_n unto_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n weigh_v about_o a_o hundred_o mile_n long_o the_o same_o reserve_v the_o old_a name_n for_o of_o our_o countryman_n it_o be_v call_v clauddh_n offa_n that_o be_v to_o say_v offas_n ditch_n it_o may_v easy_o be_v see_v of_o all_o throughout_o the_o whole_a coast_n and_o all_o the_o town_n and_o village_n almost_o which_o be_v on_o the_o east_n side_n thereof_o have_v their_o name_n end_n in_o these_o termination_n tun_n or_o ham_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o saxon_n sometime_o dwell_v there_o howbeit_o now_o the_o welshman_n in_o all_o place_n beyond_o that_o ditch_n towards_o ihoëgr_n have_v plant_v themselves_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o region_n be_v call_v in_o their_o mother_n tongue_n cymbri_n in_o which_o word_n the_o force_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o letter_n b_o be_v scarce_o perceive_v in_o pronounce_v and_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o this_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a name_n and_o that_o cambria_n a_o region_n of_o england_n be_v thereof_o so_o call_v when_o i_o perceive_v that_o the_o cymbri_n cymbri_n which_o fight_v with_o the_o roman_n so_o many_o bloody_a battle_n be_v call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n that_o we_o be_v it_o come_v into_o my_o mind_n to_o inquire_v and_o search_v what_o good_a writer_n have_v think_v of_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o nation_n and_o have_v read_v much_o thereof_o i_o find_v also_o very_o much_o whereby_o i_o be_o so_o persuade_v that_o i_o dare_v avouch_v that_o it_o be_v this_o our_o british_a nation_n first_o the_o name_n be_v all_o one_o with_o we_o than_o their_o tongue_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a argument_n for_o plinius_n in_o his_o 13._o four_o book_n and._n 13._o chapter_n say_v that_o philemon_n be_v of_o the_o cymbri_n call_v mori_n marussium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v mare_fw-la mortuum_fw-la the_o dead_a sea_n unto_o the_o promontory_n rubeas_fw-la etc_n etc_n and_o our_o countryman_n call_v the_o dead_a sea_n in_o their_o tongue_n mor_fw-mi marw_n and_o as_o for_o these_o word_n neither_o the_o german_n neither_o the_o danes_n neither_o suenones_n neither_o the_o slavi_fw-la neither_o the_o lithuani_n nor_o the_o lyvone_n do_v understand_v they_o wherefore_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o cymbri_n be_v none_o of_o these_o nation_n but_o our_o cymbri_n do_v speak_v so_o wherefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o tongue_n moreover_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o marius_n affirm_v that_o they_o depart_v out_o of_o a_o far_a country_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o know_v whence_o they_o come_v nor_o whether_o they_o go_v but_o the_o like_o cloud_n they_o issue_v into_o france_n and_o italy_n with_o the_o almain_n whereupon_o the_o roman_n suppose_v that_o they_o have_v be_v
germane_a because_o they_o have_v big_a body_n with_o sharp_a and_o horrible_a eye_n thus_o much_o â—e_n since_o therefore_o he_o have_v leave_v their_o original_a unknown_a and_o our_o chronicle_n do_v testify_v how_o that_o the_o britain_n have_v always_o great_a familiarity_n with_o the_o northern_a german_n it_o be_v like_a enough_o that_o the_o british_a cymbri_n pass_v over_o into_o denmark_n whereby_o it_o be_v term_v cymbrica_n and_o so_o join_v with_o the_o almain_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n and_o first_o vanquish_v papirius_n with_o his_o army_n in_o illyrica_n afterwards_o overcome_v aurelius_n scaurus_n with_o his_o legion_n in_o france_n himself_o be_v slay_v by_o king_n belus_n which_o name_n be_v also_o familiar_a amongst_o the_o welshman_n at_o this_o day_n beside_o that_o manlius_n and_o caepio_n be_v discomfit_v nigh_o rhodanus_n when_o there_o be_v 12000._o of_o the_o roman_n slay_v in_o the_o end_n at_o athesis_n in_o italy_n they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o 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possess_v that_o land_n as_o their_o history_n do_v declare_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o danish_a or_o suetish_a writer_n that_o ever_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o cymbri_n othersome_a affirm_v that_o they_o descend_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o cymerius_fw-la bosphorus_n but_o neither_o the_o nation_n name_n neither_o their_o manner_n neither_o their_o king_n name_n do_v agree_v which_o if_o you_o respect_v we_o be_v all_o one_o for_o clodic_n lhes_n bel_n lhud_o thudfach_n berich_n by_o which_o the_o king_n of_o the_o cymbri_n be_v call_v be_v very_o common_a name_n amongst_o the_o britain_n their_o neglect_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o shape_n of_o their_o body_n their_o shield_n armour_n sword_n yea_o make_v of_o brass_n whereof_o i_o see_v twain_o which_o of_o late_o be_v find_v in_o hollow_a rock_n in_o north-wales_n their_o reverence_n towards_o woman_n and_o priest_n their_o custom_n to_o sacrifice_v man_n unto_o mercury_n declare_v that_o they_o be_v british_a cymbri_n neither_o will_v i_o deny_v that_o which_o many_o do_v write_v that_o the_o sicambri_n and_o afterward_o franci_n the_o franci_n be_v of_o their_o brood_n unless_o that_o their_o own_o historician_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v so_o call_v three_o hundred_o year_n before_o of_o one_o cambra_n daughter_n â–ª_o to_o belinus_n which_o be_v king_n of_o britain_n and_o marry_v to_o antenor_n their_o king_n wherefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o cymbri_n either_o depart_v forth_o of_o britain_n about_o that_o time_n or_o else_o be_v the_o remnant_n of_o the_o great_a army_n which_o be_v gather_v in_o britain_n and_o france_n and_o settle_v with_o brennus_n in_o the_o march_n of_o greece_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o it_o be_v undoubted_o know_v that_o brennus_n brennus_n be_v a_o perfect_a britain_n and_o brother_n to_o king_n belinus_n and_o son_n to_o dunwallus_fw-la which_o not_o only_o our_o chronicle_n do_v testify_v but_o also_o the_o country_n name_n where_o the_o ambitious_a man_n fight_v with_o belinus_n his_o brother_n and_o be_v call_v of_o he_o brennich_n diverse_a river_n also_o amongst_o we_o call_v by_o that_o name_n and_o also_o a_o most_o ancient_a castle_n stand_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o exceed_a high_a hill_n in_o gwania_n call_v dinas_n brancha_n that_o be_v to_o say_v brennus_n court_n or_o palace_n be_v a_o very_a good_a argument_n hereof_o beside_o this_o there_o remain_v most_o ancient_a rhyme_n in_o the_o praise_n of_o cornwenna_n their_o mother_n because_o that_o when_o brennus_n come_v forth_o of_o france_n with_o aid_n against_o his_o brother_n with_o her_o naked_a breast_n and_o pap_n she_o reconcile_v they_o together_o which_o one_o have_v thus_o interpret_v oh_o out_o alas_o what_o mean_v this_o do_v you_o my_o bowel_n harm_n what_o wicked_a cause_n do_v move_v two_o brother_n power_n to_o be_v so_o warm_a can_v all_o britain_n you_o contain_v since_o it_o be_v very_o sure_a that_o both_o you_o twain_o within_o this_o womb_n of_o i_o do_v once_o endure_v may_v not_o your_o mother_n tear_n nor_o tear_a hair_n from_o purpose_n pluck_v nor_o naked_a doleful_a breast_n in_o tender_a age_n which_o both_o do_v suck_v who_o then_o join_v their_o army_n â—anne_v over_o all_o france_n and_o italy_n vanquish_v the_o roman_n and_o take_v the_o city_n and_o depart_v out_o of_o italy_n as_o polybius_n report_v and_o belinus_n return_v into_o britain_n but_o brennus_n with_o 15000_o â–ª_o thousand_o footman_n &_o 61200._o thousand_o â—orsemen_n as_o pausanias_n write_v set_v upon_o the_o greek_n and_o have_v subdue_v the_o macedonian_n thessalian_n thracian_n &_o the_o poeonians_n all_o the_o other_o people_n of_o the_o greek_n he_o overthrow_v at_o thermopilae_n in_o a_o most_o horrible_a bloody_a battle_n in_o fine_a when_o as_o he_o be_v about_o to_o sack_v the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n of_o delphos_n his_o army_n be_v whole_o almost_o miraculous_o slay_v by_o the_o fall_v of_o a_o mighty_a great_a cliff_n &_o a_o wonderful_a 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horseman_n which_o be_v all_o fight_a man_n for_o the_o true_a number_a of_o they_o in_o deed_n be_v above_o threescore_o thousand_o and_o two_o hundred_o for_o there_o follow_v every_o horseman_n two_o servant_n on_o horseback_n these_o when_o their_o master_n be_v fight_v stand_v always_o in_o the_o rearward_n and_o assist_v they_o that_o if_o by_o chance_n they_o be_v unhorse_v they_o shall_v seâ—_z they_o on_o they_o and_o if_o the_o man_n be_v slay_v the_o servant_n shall_v succeed_v in_o his_o place_n but_o if_o they_o be_v both_o kill_v by_o force_n of_o fight_n then_o be_v the_o three_o at_o hand_n ready_a to_o supply_v for_o they_o that_o be_v dead_a if_o the_o first_o and_o chief_n have_v receive_v a_o wound_n one_o of_o these_o other_o convey_v he_o out_o of_o the_o battle_n &_o the_o three_o fulfil_v the_o roomth_n of_o he_o that_o be_v hurt_v and_o this_o practice_n of_o fight_v on_o horseback_n they_o term_v in_o their_o country_n language_n trimarchisia_n for_o they_o call_v a_o horse_n marcha_n thus_o far_o pausanias_n what_o can_v be_v speak_v more_o plain_o trimarchisia_n our_o britain_n at_o this_o day_n call_v tres_n in_o the_o masculine_a gendre_fw-fr tri_n and_o in_o the_o feminine_a tair_n that_o be_v three_o and_o a_o horse_n they_o call_v march_n whereby_o tri-march_a unto_o they_o signify_v three_o horse_n hereby_o therefore_o all_o must_v needs_o confess_v either_o that_o the_o frenchman_n speak_v the_o british_a tongue_n which_o almost_o all_o history_n do_v deny_v or_o that_o these_o be_v natural_a britain_n and_o afterward_o he_o say_v that_o the_o frenchman_n call_v a_o shield_n tyren_n in_o their_o country_n speech_n which_o word_n we_o do_v likewise_o use_v at_o this_o present_a call_v a_o shield_n taria_fw-la moreover_o atheneus_n write_v that_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o frenchman_n under_o bathanasius_n their_o captain_n take_v up_o their_o dwell_n about_o ister_n and_o after_o that_o
arfon_n by_o the_o river_n conway_n of_o who_o antoninus_n &_o ptolomaeus_n do_v speak_v under_o the_o name_n of_o novius_fw-la in_o this_o beside_o the_o forename_a river_n stand_v a_o most_o antique_a city_n of_o the_o britain_n call_v dyganwy_n in_o rosse_n of_o the_o englishman_n gannock_n &_o â–ª_o famous_a in_o tacitus_n by_o the_o name_n of_o cangorum_fw-la whereof_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n be_v call_v of_o the_o roman_n cangi_n and_o ptolomaeus_n mention_v the_o promontory_n of_o the_o jangani_fw-la which_o they_o call_v now_o gogarth_n a_o place_n so_o fortify_v by_o nature_n that_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v take_v by_o man_n strength_n this_o city_n as_o i_o say_v be_v the_o seat_n and_o palace_n of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o britain_n when_o as_o now_o their_o power_n begin_v to_o quail_v as_o namely_o of_o maylgun_v caduanus_fw-la cadwalla_n who_o bede_n term_v a_o most_o cruel_a tyrant_n because_o he_o persecute_v his_o enemy_n very_o fierce_o and_o of_o cadwalladar_n who_o be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o britain_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n this_o city_n the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n eight_o hundred_o and_o sixteen_o cananus_n dyndaythuy_n reign_v in_o wales_n be_v strike_v with_o lighten_v from_o heaven_n and_o burn_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o can_v never_o be_v afterward_o restore_v howbeit_o the_o name_n remain_v to_o the_o place_n to_o this_o day_n out_o oâ—_n who_o rubbish_n conovia_n be_v build_v lincoln_n moreover_o in_o this_o territory_n in_o rhyfaniacum_fw-la henry_n lacey_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n to_o who_o the_o conquer_v our_o thereof_o edward_n the_o first_o give_v that_o land_n erect_v a_o very_a stout_a castle_n not_o only_o by_o natural_a situation_n but_o also_o by_o a_o wall_n of_o wonderful_a thickness_n make_v of_o a_o very_a hard_a kind_n of_o stone_n in_o my_o opinion_n the_o strong_a and_o best_a defense_a thing_n in_o england_n add_v also_o thereto_o a_o town_n wall_v about_o which_o by_o the_o ancient_a name_n he_o call_v dynbech_n although_o those_o which_o come_v afterward_o term_v it_o denbigh_n this_o fine_a town_n and_o my_o sweet_a denbigh_n country_n be_v compass_v wellnigh_o about_o with_o very_o fair_a park_n &_o stand_v in_o the_o entrance_n of_o a_o exceed_a pleasant_a ualley_n abound_v plentiful_o with_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o use_n of_o man_n the_o hill_n yield_v flesh_n and_o white_a meat_n the_o most_o fertile_a ualley_n very_o good_a corn_n and_o grass_n the_o sweet_a river_n with_o the_o sea_n at_o hand_n minister_v all_o sort_n of_o fish_n and_o foul_a strange_a wynes_z come_v thither_o forth_o of_o spain_n france_n &_o greece_n abundant_o and_o be_v the_o chief_n town_n of_o the_o shire_n stand_v in_o the_o very_o middle_a of_o the_o country_n it_o be_v a_o great_a market_n town_n famous_a and_o much_o frequent_v with_o ware_n and_o people_n from_o all_o part_n of_o north-wales_n the_o indweller_n have_v the_o use_n of_o both_o tongue_n and_o be_v endue_v by_o king_n of_o england_n with_o many_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n be_v rule_v by_o their_o own_o law_n the_o valley_n nigh_o whereto_o this_o town_n stand_v be_v term_v amongst_o we_o dyphryn_n clwyd_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o ualley_n of_o clwyd_n it_o be_v almost_o eighteen_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o in_o breadth_n in_o some_o place_n four_o mile_n in_o other_o some_o six_o on_o the_o east_n west_n and_o south_n side_n it_o be_v environ_v with_o high_a hill_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o ocean_n sea._n in_o the_o midst_n it_o be_v cut_v in_o twain_o by_o the_o river_n clwyd_n whereof_o it_o take_v name_n into_o who_o diverse_a other_o little_a stream_n fall_a out_o of_o the_o hill_n do_v discharge_v themselves_o by_o reason_n whereof_o irriguous_a and_o pleasant_a meadow_n &_o plentiful_a pasture_n do_v lie_v about_o the_o bank_n thereof_o in_o the_o entrance_n of_o which_o ualley_n ruthyn_n a_o ancient_a town_n and_o castle_n of_o the_o gray_n from_o gray_n whence_o the_o most_o noble_a family_n among_o the_o englishman_n take_v begin_v be_v to_o be_v see_v and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n stand_v rudhlan_n in_o tegengyl_n sometime_o a_o great_a town_n but_o now_o a_o little_a uyllage_n in_o the_o same_o province_n be_v a_o cathedral_n church_n of_o our_o country_n man_n call_v lhanel_n wey_n of_o the_o englishman_n s._n assaph_n build_v assaph_n between_o two_o river_n clwyd_n and_o elwey_n i_o remember_v that_o i_o have_v read_v that_o there_o be_v one_o elbodius_n arch_a elbodius_n bisâ—hoppe_n of_o north-wales_n prefer_v unto_o that_o honour_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o first_o of_o all_o the_o year_n of_o our_o salvation_n seven_o hundred_o three_o score_n and_o two_o reconcile_a the_o welshman_n to_o the_o romish_a church_n from_o which_o before_o they_o have_v disagree_v for_o the_o britain_n imitate_v the_o asiaticke_a church_n celebrate_v their_o easter_n from_o the_o fourteen_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n unto_o the_o twenty_o when_o the_o roman_n follow_v the_o nicene_n counsel_n keep_v their_o easter_n from_o the_o fifteen_o to_o the_o one_o and_o twenty_o whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o these_o nation_n have_v celebrate_v that_o feast_n on_o diverse_a sunday_n but_o let_v the_o bishop_n take_v regard_n how_o far_o they_o do_v err_v from_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o nicene_n counsel_n while_o they_o follow_v that_o uncertain_a rule_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o son_n and_o moon_n which_o they_o call_v the_o golden_a reprove_v number_n be_v therein_o very_o foul_o deceive_v which_o thing_n in_o time_n paste_v be_v object_v for_o a_o crime_n against_o the_o britain_n by_o the_o over_o superstitious_a mounke_n augustine_n and_o likewise_o by_o bede_n which_o to_o much_o attribute_v unto_o such_o title_n in_o somuch_o that_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n he_o dare_v term_v they_o heretic_n but_o now_o howbeit_o under_o curse_n of_o the_o nicene_n counsel_n it_o be_v otherwise_o command_v it_o be_v reject_v by_o the_o prelate_n themselves_o and_o the_o whole_a church_n of_o europe_n but_o let_v we_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o see_v of_o s._n assaph_n be_v be_v sometime_o a_o college_n of_o learned_a agonist_n that_o i_o may_v use_v capgraves_n word_n celebrate_v for_o multitude_n under_o centigeme_n a_o scot_n which_o be_v call_v elguense_a or_o eluense_a of_o a_o river_n this_o province_n tegenia_n be_v call_v of_o the_o latin_n igenia_n and_o after_o be_v vanquish_v by_o the_o englishman_n begin_v to_o be_v term_v tegengel_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o englishman_n tegenia_n afterwards_o be_v inhabit_v by_o britain_n cumminge_n forth_o of_o scotland_n &_o drive_v the_o englishman_n thence_o with_o the_o ualley_n of_o clwyd_n ruthyn_n and_o rosse_n make_v one_o kingdom_n which_o marianus_n call_v streudglead_v our_o countryman_n term_v it_o stradclwyd_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o soil_n of_o clwyd_n for_o this_o word_n strat_n with_o the_o name_n of_o some_o river_n join_v thereto_o do_v usual_o signify_v amongst_o the_o welsh_a man_n a_o vein_n or_o soil_n of_o land_n nigh_o to_o a_o river_n as_o strad_n alyn_n strad_n towyn_n with_o many_o such_o like_a their_o last_o prince_n call_v dunwallon_n forsake_v his_o kingdom_n dunwallon_n when_o the_o dane_n afflict_v all_o britain_n depart_v to_o rome_n the_o year_n after_o the_o incarnation_n 971._o where_o short_o after_o he_o die_v in_o tegenia_n be_v a_o well_o of_o a_o marvellous_a nature_n which_o be_v six_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o kilken_a ebb_v and_o flow_v twice_o in_o one_o day_n yet_o have_v i_o mark_v this_o of_o late_a when_o the_o moon_n ascend_v from_o the_o east_n horizon_n to_o the_o south_n at_o what_o time_n all_o sea_n do_v flow_v that_o then_o the_o water_n of_o this_o well_o diminish_v and_o ebb_v and_o not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n be_v the_o famous_a fountain_n take_v name_n of_o the_o superstitious_a worship_n of_o the_o well_o virgin_n winifred_n which_o boil_v up_o sudden_o out_o of_o a_o place_n which_o they_o call_v sychnant_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o dry_a valley_n raise_v forth_o of_o itself_o a_o great_a stream_n which_o run_v immediate_o into_o devanus_fw-la this_o water_n beside_o that_o it_o breed_v moss_n of_o a_o very_a pleasant_a savour_n be_v also_o most_o wholesome_a unto_o man_n body_n both_o for_o wash_v and_o drink_v and_o of_o very_o good_a taste_n in_o so_o much_o that_o many_o be_v wash_v therein_o be_v cure_v of_o diverse_a infirmity_n wherewith_o they_o be_v bear_v moreover_o in_o tegenia_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a ancient_a monument_n of_o a_o old_a building_n in_o a_o place_n call_v pot_n vary_n sometime_o renown_v by_o roman_a letter_n and_o arm_n the_o town_n which_o they_o call_v flynt_n stand_v upon_o the_o water_n flint_n deva_n be_v
to_o hamo_fw-la and_o join_v with_o other_o rebel_n out_o of_o wenta_n and_o brechinia_n meet_v with_o rhesus_n in_o black_a hill_n and_o there_o slay_v he_o and_o so_o pay_v the_o englishman_n their_o wage_n discharge_v they_o but_o they_o take_v regard_n unto_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o great_a variance_n which_o be_v then_o amongst_o the_o welshman_n as_o inforetime_o the_o saxon_n have_v do_v they_o turn_v their_o force_n of_o arm_n against_o those_o which_o entertain_v they_o and_o soon_o displace_v they_o whole_o of_o all_o the_o champion_n and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o country_n which_o hamo_fw-la divide_v amongst_o ▪_o twelve_o knight_n which_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o reserve_v the_o better_a part_n to_o himself_o who_o build_v there_o certain_a castle_n and_o join_v their_o power_n together_o defend_v their_o farm_n and_o lordeship_n which_o they_o have_v possess_v and_o take_v who_o heir_n peaceable_o enjoy_v the_o same_o unto_o this_o day_n but_o jestinus_fw-la scarce_o reserve_v to_o himself_o and_o his_o the_o hillye_o country_n the_o twelve_o knight_n name_n be_v these_o london_n straddling_n sanct_n name_n john_n turberuille_n granuille_n humfreyville_n sanctquintin_n sorus_n sullius_n berkerolus_fw-la syward_a and_o fleming_n in_o this_o province_n be_v neth_n upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n pontfayn_n that_o be_v to_o say_v stone_n bridge_n englishman_n false_o call_v it_o cowbridge_n lantwyd_n wenny_n dynwyd_n town_n and_o castle_n beside_o caër_fw-la phili_n a_o most_o ancient_a castle_n and_o fortress_n which_o as_o report_n go_v be_v erect_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o caerdid_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o shire_n stand_v upon_o the_o river_n taf_n english_a man_n term_v it_o cardyd_v and_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v landaf_a to_o say_v a_o church_n stand_v on_o taws_fw-la ennoble_v with_o a_o landaf_n bishop_n see._n next_o unto_o this_o region_n lie_v wenta_n under_o momuthshyre_n this_o in_o old_a time_n be_v call_v siluria_n which_o may_v easy_o be_v prove_v contrary_a unto_o the_o ridiculous_a authority_n of_o boethius_n and_o polydorus_n and_o first_o to_o begin_v with_o tacitus_n who_o affirm_v that_o the_o siluri_n lie_v over_o against_o spain_n but_o these_o be_v far_o more_o near_a spain_n than_o any_o part_n of_o scotland_n wherefore_o it_o be_v more_o like_a that_o they_o dwell_v here_o rather_o than_o in_o scotland_n moreover_o whereas_o in_o a_o fair_a discourse_n he_o describe_v the_o expedition_n of_o agricola_n against_o the_o albani_n or_o scot_n and_o there_o recite_v all_o the_o people_n and_o nation_n of_o albania_n he_o never_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o siluri_n which_o be_v the_o most_o warlike_a nation_n of_o they_o all_o and_o undoubted_o if_o they_o have_v be_v in_o scotland_n he_o will_v never_o have_v pass_v they_o over_o with_o silence_n consider_v also_o how_o he_o tell_v that_o there_o be_v exceed_v great_a foreste_n in_o siluria_n the_o token_n whereof_o remain_v as_o yet_o in_o wenta_n ptolomaeus_n also_o and_o after_o he_o marius_n niger_n lay_v the_o siluri_n next_o unto_o the_o demeti_fw-la and_o maridunum_n but_o somedeal_o more_o casterly_a beside_o these_o authority_n the_o most_o ancient_a book_n of_o the_o british_a law_n mention_v syllwc_n a_o province_n of_o wales_n who_o inhabitant_n we_o must_v needs_o call_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n syllwr_n whereby_o they_o be_v of_o the_o roman_n term_v silures_n and_o one_o part_n of_o wenta_fw-la be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v ggo_v lhwc_a leave_v out_o one_o silable_a as_o though_o it_o be_v go_v silluc_fw-la also_o chepstow_n a_o fine_a market_n town_n in_o chepstow_n wenta_n before_o a_o few_o year_n since_o pass_v be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o strigulia_n which_o seem_v to_o come_v somewhat_o near_o to_o siluria_n moreover_o antoninus_n a_o very_a grave_a author_n make_v mention_n how_o venta_n of_o the_o siluri_n be_v not_o far_o from_o this_o towards_o the_o ferry_n or_o place_n of_o passage_n over_o the_o severn_n wherefore_o it_o be_v but_o a_o jest_n hence_o forth_o to_o seek_v for_o the_o siluri_n in_o scotland_n and_o although_o that_o plinius_n write_v that_o out_o of_o the_o region_n of_o the_o siluri_n over_o into_o ireland_n be_v but_o a_o very_a short_a cut_n we_o must_v thus_o take_v it_o that_o at_o his_o time_n britain_n be_v not_o sufficient_o know_v nor_o the_o people_n of_o albania_n long_o after_o that_o subdue_v whereby_o when_o certain_a of_o the_o roman_n as_o englishmen_n use_v now_o a_o day_n have_v pass_v over_o into_o ireland_n out_o of_o southwales_n other_o which_o never_o see_v britain_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o very_a short_a cut_n in_o this_o region_n be_v situate_a the_o most_o ancient_a &_o noble_a city_n of_o legion_n legion_n which_o our_o countryman_n call_v caerlheon_n be_v wisk_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o city_n of_o legion_n upon_o usk_z for_o difference_n sake_n between_o it_o and_o the_o other_o which_o be_v build_v in_o north-wales_n upon_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi of_o who_o gyraldus_n write_v thus_o the_o same_o be_v a_o ancient_a and_o noble_a town_n the_o token_n whereof_o remain_v as_o yet_o a_o huge_a palace_n a_o giantlike_a tower_n goodly_a bath_n and_o hot_a house_n relic_n of_o church_n and_o place_n like_o theatre_n compass_v with_o beautiful_a wall_n part_o yet_o stand_v also_o building_n under_o the_o ground_n conduct_n secret_a passage_n and_o vault_n under_o the_o earth_n stew_n frame_v by_o wonderful_a workmanship_n there_o lie_v two_o martyr_n julius_n &_o aron_n which_o have_v church_n dedicate_v unto_o they_o there_o be_v also_o a_o cathedral_n church_n of_o a_o archbishop_n under_o dubricius_n which_o fall_v to_o david_n this_o much_o he_o also_o on_o the_o otherside_n of_o usk_z in_o the_o way_n which_o lead_v to_o strigulia_n be_v see_v ancient_a ditch_n and_o the_o remnant_n of_o town_n wall_n of_o the_o siluri_n of_o venta_n which_o now_o also_o they_o call_v caerwent_n to_o wit_n the_o city_n venta_n whereof_o the_o name_n grow_v to_o the_o whole_a country_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o wey_n which_o we_o call_v gwy_a be_v a_o famous_a market_n town_n in_o old_a time_n strigulia_n but_o now_o call_v the_o castle_n gwent_n of_o gwent_n the_o earl_n marshal_n &_o their_o heir_n of_o this_o place_n do_v very_o much_o weaken_v the_o state_n of_o wales_n not_o far_o hence_o be_v monmuth_n of_o we_o monwy_n so_o call_v by_o the_o meeting_n of_o mona_n &_o weigh_v together_o the_o head_n of_o the_o whole_a shire_n above_o at_o osca_n be_v the_o castle_n of_o osca_n call_v brynbuga_n &_o in_o the_o upper_a venta_n at_o the_o meeting_n of_o usk_z and_o gevenna_n be_v abergevenny_n the_o lord_n whereof_o brienne_n guildford_n wrought_v much_o guildford_n mischief_n against_o the_o wenti_fw-la but_o afterward_o willus_fw-la brustius_fw-la lord_n of_o brecknoc_n under_o pretence_n of_o love_n and_o friendship_n call_v the_o noble_n of_o wenta_n into_o this_o castle_n to_o feast_v and_o banqueting_a who_o come_v thither_o with_o sesylius_n son_n to_o dunwallan_n chief_n deed_n man_n of_o all_o that_o region_n and_o his_o son_n gryf_n fith_z suspect_v no_o deceit_n and_o unarm_v be_v everywhichone_o most_o cruel_o slay_v by_o brustius_n gward_o which_o be_v put_v ready_a in_o armour_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o afterward_o sudden_o break_v into_o sesylius_n house_n the_o unmerciful_a butcher_n murder_v the_o young_a infant_n cadwaladar_n his_o son_n despiteous_o before_o the_o mother_n face_n who_o son_n notwithstanding_o take_v the_o castle_n and_o have_v slay_v ranulph_n poerius_fw-la with_o many_o other_o noble_a man_n at_o lhandyvegad_n manful_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n but_o brustius_n be_v reserve_v unto_o great_a mischief_n be_v famish_v to_o revenge_n death_n with_o his_o mother_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o windelesour_n and_o here_o i_o think_v good_a to_o note_v that_o the_o name_n of_o sesylius_n be_v common_a among_o the_o britain_n and_o welshman_n ought_v to_o be_v write_v not_o with_o c._n which_o always_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o english_a king_n but_o with_o s._n for_o else_o it_o shall_v be_v read_v amongst_o the_o welshman_n kyllius_fw-la there_o remain_v yet_o the_o last_o inland_a region_n of_o southwales_n which_o make_v the_o shire_n of_o brechnock_n the_o head_n whereof_o brechnock_n or_o as_o the_o welshman_n term_v it_o aberhodni_n stand_v in_o usk_n upon_o the_o fall_n of_o hodni_fw-la bernhard_n of_o newmarcat_n first_o of_o all_o newmercate_n englishman_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n subdue_v the_o same_o above_o this_o region_n lie_v bogwelth_n which_o they_o term_v buellt_n a_o rough_a and_o hilly_a country_n reach_n from_o weigh_n to_o tobius_n beneath_o be_v ewias_n win_v by_o the_o power_n of_o paganus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o john_n which_o afterward_o be_v part_v in_o twain_o herold_n and_o lacey_n and_o not_o far_o thence_o be_v haya_n