serve_v however_o to_o let_v we_o know_v in_o gross_a that_o the_o solemnity_n be_v not_o then_o hold_v a_o inconsiderable_a matter_n but_o all_o along_o much_o debate_v and_o study_v and_o determine_v with_o great_a exactness_n upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n therefore_o we_o have_v see_v that_o as_o we_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o presume_v the_o apostolical_a observation_n of_o a_o yearly_o from_o the_o weekly_a day_n of_o the_o resurrection_n so_o this_o presumptive_a probability_n be_v beside_o actual_o confirm_v to_o we_o by_o sufficient_a authority_n and_o from_o these_o premise_n i_o hope_v i_o may_v have_v leave_n to_o conclude_v if_o not_o that_o this_o paschal_n observation_n be_v deliver_v by_o the_o apostle_n to_o all_o the_o church_n with_o the_o weekly_a lord_n day_n yet_o that_o it_o be_v a_o tradition_n receive_v by_o many_o church_n in_o the_o apostolic_a day_n and_o this_o i_o presume_v to_o take_v for_o a_o truth_n in_o so_o high_a a_o degree_n of_o evidence_n that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v question_v by_o such_o as_o shall_v consider_v impartial_o c_o plin._n ep._n l._n 10._o ep._n 97._o soliti_fw-la stato_fw-la die_fw-la ante_fw-la lucem_fw-la convenire_fw-la d_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d g_o euseb_n hist_o eccles_n l._n 5._o c._n 23._o in_o that_o time_n a_o great_a controversy_n be_v raise_v the_o bishop_n of_o asia_n strict_o so_o call_v judge_v by_o their_o ancient_a tradition_n that_o the_o paschal_n solemnity_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v on_o the_o 14_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n then_o when_o the_o jew_n sacrifice_v the_o lamb_n and_o that_o their_o fast_v aught_o to_o break_v off_o on_o that_o day_n whatever_o day_n of_o the_o week_n it_o happen_v to_o be_v and_o the_o other_o bishop_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n observe_v from_o apostolical_a tradition_n a_o different_a custom_n and_o which_o now_o obtain_v that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o break_v up_o the_o fast_a on_o any_o other_o day_n but_o the_o day_n of_o the_o resurrection_n 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concur_v in_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o give_v the_o same_o determination_n ay_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v here_o common_o translate_v kinsman_n but_o i_o have_v venture_v to_o guess_v it_o may_v signify_v a_o countryman_n one_o of_o the_o same_o city_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o a_o bishop_n of_o the_o same_o see_v make_v the_o succession_n to_o have_v be_v in_o a_o family_n and_o the_o kindred_n spiritual_n this_o be_v certain_a the_o number_n of_o seven_o predecessor_n agree_v well_o with_o the_o distance_n between_o he_o and_o st._n john_n n_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o this_o epistle_n of_o irenaeus_n it_o seem_v very_o evident_a that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v to_o be_v understand_v not_o absolute_o but_o in_o construction_n with_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o well_o in_o this_o place_n as_o other_o according_a to_o the_o common_a render_n notwithstanding_o a_o contrary_a suspicion_n elsewhere_o suggest_v and_o to_o which_o a_o defect_n in_o this_o place_n of_o some_o particle_n to_o be_v understand_v give_v the_o occasion_n that_o defect_n valesius_fw-la supply_v by_o read_v from_o conjecture_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o have_v rather_o suppose_v then_o or_o something_o of_o that_o sense_n to_o be_v understand_v chap_n ii_o concern_v fast_v §_o i._o the_o several_a kind_n of_o fast_n §_o ii_o several_a occasion_n of_o fast_v particular_o penitence_n and_o baptism_n §_o i._o so_o far_o we_o have_v view_v the_o evidence_n for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o paschal_n solemnity_n in_o general_n with_o a_o more_o particular_a respect_n to_o the_o festival_n of_o the_o resurrection_n we_o now_o come_v express_o to_o consider_v the_o precede_a fast_a and_o its_o various_a observation_n but_o first_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o what_o be_v to_o follow_v it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o premise_v some_o account_n of_o fast_n and_o their_o variety_n and_o what_o be_v the_o more_o solemn_a time_n for_o that_o duty_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o fast_v which_o tertullian_n reckon_v up_o to_o we_o 2._o we_o de_fw-fr je._n jun._n c._n 2._o consist_v either_o in_o the_o lessen_v or_o defer_v or_o refuse_v of_o our_o food_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v abstinence_n not_o from_o all_o food_n but_o from_o some_o kind_n of_o it_o a_o fast_a in_o part_n as_o tertullian_n call_v it_o jejunium_fw-la it_o tert._n the_o jejun_n c._n 9_o portional_a jejunium_fw-la abstinence_n from_o flesh_n especial_o and_o wine_n or_o not_o only_o from_o flesh_n and_o wine_n but_o from_o any_o thing_n of_o broth_n or_o any_o juicy_a vinous_a fruit._n such_o a_o dry_a diet_n as_o tertullian_n speak_v of_o appropriate_v by_o he_o to_o his_o fellow-sectary_n the_o montanist_n 1._o montanist_n de_fw-fr jejun_fw-fr c._n 1._o but_o use_v by_o christian_n before_o and_o by_o daniel_n 3._o daniel_n dan._n 10.2_o 3._o when_o he_o mourn_v three_o full_a week_n and_o eat_v no_o pleasant_a bread_n neither_o come_v flesh_n nor_o wine_n in_o his_o mouth_n neither_o do_v he_o anoint_v himself_o at_o all_o the_o second_o sort_n be_v when_o they_o do_v not_o dine_v but_o defer_v their_o eat_v to_o some_o time_n of_o the_o afternoon_n till_o after_o three_o as_o the_o catholic_n do_v in_o tertullian_n age_n who_o on_o certain_a day_n continue_v their_o assembly_n to_o that_o hour_n jej._n hour_n de_fw-fr jej._n and_o both_o that_o their_o assemble_v and_o that_o fast_v be_v call_v a_o station_n from_o the_o military_a word_n say_v tertullian_n 14._o tertullian_n de_fw-fr orat_fw-la c._n 14._o but_o immediate_o from_o the_o jewish_a phrase_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o devout_a man_n who_o either_o out_o of_o their_o own_o devotion_n or_o as_o representative_n of_o the_o people_n assist_v at_o the_o oblation_n of_o the_o temple_n not_o depart_v thence_o till_o the_o service_n be_v over_o g_o such_o station_n be_v term_v half-fast_n semijejunia_fw-la half-fast_n de_fw-fr jejun_fw-fr 13._o stat._n 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the_o periodical_a day_n we_o may_v too_o reckon_v that_o manner_n of_o fast_v which_o forbid_v to_o eat_v or_o to_o drink_v while_o the_o sun_n be_v up_o the_o vulgar_a day_n but_o either_o give_v liberty_n all_o the_o night_n the_o fast_a of_o the_o mahometan_n during_o their_o month_n ramazan_n 22._o ramazan_n ricauâ—â—_n l._n 2._o c._n 22._o or_o else_o give_v leave_v to_o refresh_v themselves_o provide_v it_o be_v do_v before_o their_o first_o sleep_n as_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o jew_n in_o all_o their_o ordinary_a fast_n 8._o fast_n maim_v de_fw-fr jejun_fw-fr c._n 1._o §._o 8._o the_o three_o sort_n be_v when_o they_o eat_v not_o at_o all_o the_o whole_a day_n from_o sunset_n or_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o star_n till_o the_o same_o season_n again_o as_o the_o jew_n now_o do_v in_o their_o strict_a fast_n as_o on_o the_o nine_o of_o their_o month_n ab_n or_o on_o
mark_v with_o b_o much_o according_a to_o russinus_n his_o version_n make_v about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o century_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o what_o concern_v the_o fast_a in_o general_n it_o can_v never_o be_v suppose_v though_o some_o will_v be_v willing_a it_o shall_v that_o irenaeus_n in_o the_o last_o of_o the_o two_o doubtful_a passage_n however_o render_v speak_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o disparagement_n of_o the_o fast_a itself_o as_o if_o those_o who_o long_o before_o his_o time_n have_v govern_v the_o church_n less_o exact_o have_v show_v their_o less_o exactness_n in_o the_o institution_n of_o a_o lent_n have_v he_o say_v so_o he_o have_v indeed_o effectual_o silence_v one_o part_n of_o the_o grand_a dispute_n that_o concern_v the_o end_n of_o the_o fast_a for_o he_o have_v declare_v against_o any_o fast_a at_o all_o but_o he_o must_v have_v be_v take_v then_o for_o a_o ill_a arbitrator_n by_o victor_n and_o the_o rest_n as_o well_o as_o by_o polycrates_n who_o all_o 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retainer_n and_o keeper_n of_o a_o custom_n which_o have_v therefore_o be_v right_o practise_v yet_o early_o even_o before_o the_o day_n of_o those_o who_o be_v long_o before_o irenaeus_n §_o iii_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o antiquity_n of_o a_o lent_n i_o can_v not_o omit_v to_o add_v from_o these_o few_o line_n of_o ireneaus_fw-la casual_o preserve_v to_o we_o and_o which_o speak_v very_o casual_o to_o that_o matter_n to_o the_o manner_n of_o keep_v lend_v they_o be_v more_o express_a and_o direct_v but_o very_o brief_a and_o concise_a as_o write_v on_o another_o design_n and_o not_o for_o victor_n or_o our_o information_n in_o the_o particular_a we_o desire_v to_o see_v in_o this_o transient_a mention_n of_o the_o manner_n he_o say_v some_o observe_v one_o day_n some_o two_o and_o some_o more_o not_o express_v who_o they_o be_v or_o in_o what_o they_o be_v less_o exact_a for_o victor_n may_v understand_v he_o well_o though_o we_o do_v not_o those_o who_o keep_v but_o one_o day_n and_o who_o resurrection-day_n be_v a_o sunday_n in_o all_o probability_n keep_v what_o we_o call_v good_a friday_n the_o weekly_a day_n of_o the_o passion_n and_o if_o they_o do_v not_o too_o use_v some_o sort_n of_o abstinence_n though_o not_o so_o strict_a on_o the_o saturday_n they_o be_v so_o little_a exact_a as_o to_o offend_v against_o the_o rule_n and_o to_o brâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d their_o fast_a before_o easter-day_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o who_o one_o day_n be_v the_o saturday_n they_o who_o begin_v their_o fast_a so_o late_o little_o want_v that_o rule_n to_o tell_v they_o when_o to_o end_v it_o and_o their_o neglect_v the_o passion-day_n can_v not_o seem_v very_o exact_a to_o those_o that_o observe_v it_o as_o to_o the_o two_o or_o more_o day_n it_o be_v not_o neither_o determine_v after_o what_o sort_n they_o be_v keep_v whether_o in_o one_o continue_v fast_o uninterrupted_a by_o any_o food_n as_o two_o or_o more_o of_o those_o day_n be_v certain_o fast_v by_o some_o of_o the_o next_o age_n especial_o in_o the_o passion-week_n or_o whether_o the_o fast_n be_v several_a though_o the_o day_n be_v continue_v each_o day_n end_v with_o some_o refreshment_n if_o those_o more_o day_n be_v very_o many_o they_o be_v as_o we_o have_v intimate_v already_o 1._o already_o ch._n 2._o §._o 1._o likely_a to_o have_v be_v keep_v in_o the_o last_o manner_n there_o may_v too_o have_v be_v more_o day_n than_o two_o keep_v together_o not_o only_o once_o just_a before_o easter_n but_o often_o and_o at_o some_o distance_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o large_a time_n hereafter_o example_n will_v appear_v of_o such_o fast_n and_o the_o several_a practice_n may_v have_v be_v old_a though_o the_o mention_n of_o they_o in_o book_n be_v late_a hitherto_o the_o word_n be_v plain_a and_o of_o certain_a construction_n though_o we_o may_v not_o know_v every_o particular_a case_n to_o which_o they_o may_v referâ—â—_n but_o those_o that_o follow_v be_v of_o ambiguous_a 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of_o those_o day_n together_o valesius_fw-la therefore_o wonder_n that_o the_o absurdity_n have_v be_v endure_v and_o that_o no_o body_n have_v see_v that_o the_o greek_a word_n for_o day_n must_v be_v change_v into_o that_o for_o fast_a and_o the_o sentence_n run_v so_o some_o measure_n their_o fast_a by_o 40_o hour_n etc._n etc._n this_o change_n he_o be_v force_v to_o by_o the_o sense_n not_o countenance_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o any_o copy_n but_o not_o to_o object_v the_o odness_n of_o this_o fast_a that_o be_v to_o begin_v at_o soon_a after_o breakfast_n on_o the_o friday_n and_o which_o take_v notice_n of_o our_o lord_n burial_n but_o not_o of_o his_o crucifixion_n much_o less_o of_o his_o previous_a suffering_n and_o apprehension_n to_o pass_v this_o over_o for_o this_o may_v be_v one_o of_o those_o less_o exact_a manner_n which_o once_o have_v place_n though_o afterward_o leave_v off_o yet_o still_o the_o mention_n of_o hour_n of_o day_n and_o night_n will_v be_v very_o 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not_o to_o understand_v he_o of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o catholic_n of_o which_o sozomen_n and_o other_o speak_v but_o of_o the_o novatian_o of_o who_o affair_n all_o own_o that_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a knowledge_n if_o he_o be_v not_o incline_v to_o their_o sect._n from_o their_o dispute_n it_o be_v he_o enter_v upon_o this_o discourse_n and_o from_o some_o memorial_n of_o they_o he_o may_v have_v draw_v up_o something_o of_o this_o account_n which_o otherwise_o may_v easy_o have_v be_v as_o plain_a and_o full_a as_o that_o of_o sozomen_n have_v it_o not_o be_v write_v in_o a_o different_a view_n and_o so_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o regard_n to_o forty_o day_n to_o have_v first_o prevail_v universal_o from_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a we_o may_v suppose_v that_o the_o novatian_o have_v have_v no_o share_n in_o that_o council_n continue_v at_o least_o at_o rome_n in_o their_o old_a custom_n and_o keep_v on_o their_o three_o week_n if_o this_o conjecture_n pass_v for_o the_o 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have_v be_v abundant_o prove_v and_o particular_o by_o quesnel_n in_o his_o edition_n of_o leo_n that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n preach_v there_o very_o often_o in_o sozomen_n time_n who_o be_v therefore_o common_o deliver_v up_o here_o to_o a_o charge_n of_o â—gaerâ—â—â—_n anâ—_n negligence_n whereas_o a_o very_a slight_a change_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o thing_n in_o which_o critic_n be_v not_o use_v to_o be_v difficult_a in_o favour_n of_o any_o author_n will_v have_v save_v his_o credit_n and_o rectify_v â—he_v whole_a matter_n b_o 2_o socrat._v hist_n eâ—â—les_n 5.22_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d c_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d e_z the_o guess_v i_o intimate_v be_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
if_o they_o reckon_v by_o different_a year_n or_o by_o different_a beginning_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o year_n so_o those_o montanist_n in_o sozomen_n 18._o sozomen_n lib._n 7._o cap._n 18._o who_o go_v by_o the_o solar_a year_n and_o keep_v the_o resurrection-day_n on_o some_o sunday_n near_o the_o six_o of_o april_n will_v no_o more_o agree_v with_o those_o who_o place_v it_o by_o the_o 14_o day_n of_o the_o first_o lunar_a month_n of_o the_o jew_n than_o the_o 14_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v age_n will_v always_o be_v upon_o the_o same_o day_n of_o april_n and_o so_o those_o who_o agree_v to_o use_v the_o year_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v according_a to_o the_o jewish_a form_n may_v still_o differ_v among_o themselves_o if_o some_o follow_v the_o erroneous_a calculation_n of_o their_o cotemporary_a jew_n and_o begin_v their_o year_n soon_o than_o moses_n have_v direct_v as_o the_o christian_n of_o cilicia_n mesopotamia_n and_o syria_n do_v before_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a and_o if_o other_o amend_v the_o jewish_a calendar_n stay_v till_o the_o aequinox_n according_a to_o the_o original_a appointment_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n do_v to_o who_o those_o eastern_n therefore_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o that_o council_n in_o a_o little_a while_n conform_v and_o further_o those_o who_o be_v so_o far_o agree_v as_o to_o keep_v their_o easter-day_n on_o a_o sunday_n and_o to_o observe_v the_o same_o reform_a jewish_a year_n may_v yet_o differ_v in_o their_o place_n of_o the_o sunday_n in_o that_o year_n some_o as_o the_o latin_n 11._o latin_n buch._n in_o victorii_n can._n pasc_n c._n 11._o assign_v it_o to_o the_o 16_o day_n of_o the_o first_o month_n on_o which_o day_n our_o saviour_n be_v by_o they_o suppose_v to_o have_v arise_v and_o thenceforth_o to_o any_o of_o the_o six_o day_n after_o on_o which_o the_o sunday_n shall_v happen_v and_o some_o to_o the_o 15_o day_n the_o first_o and_o great_a day_n of_o the_o jewish_a paschal_n feast_n and_o 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possible_a so_o as_o never_o to_o be_v more_o distant_a from_o it_o than_o three_o day_n either_o before_o or_o behind_o it_o for_o such_o reason_n our_o old_a predecessor_n may_v have_v think_v fit_a thus_o to_o keep_v their_o easter_n however_o they_o be_v blame_v by_o our_o austin_n for_o it_o and_o afterward_o call_v heretic_n and_o quartodecimani_n a_o term_n of_o dislike_n more_o just_o give_v to_o those_o of_o who_o we_o be_v go_v to_o speak_v and_o who_o occasion_v this_o too_o nice_a and_o too_o long_a digression_n which_o the_o reader_n therefore_o find_v in_o another_o letter_n that_o he_o may_v if_o he_o please_v pass_v it_o over_o §_o iii_o the_o most_o likely_a question_n to_o happen_v concern_v the_o place_n of_o the_o yearly_o resurrection-day_n whether_o it_o shall_v be_v always_o keep_v on_o a_o sunday_n or_o no_o be_v the_o great_a controversy_n between_o the_o church_n of_o lesser_n asia_n and_o rome_n and_o in_o which_o all_o christendom_n become_v engage_v a_o 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sort_n of_o mention_n of_o forty_o day_n which_o it_o may_v be_v to_o our_o purpose_n to_o observe_v before_o the_o persecution_n begin_v and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o century_n the_o episcopal_a chair_n of_o that_o great_a christian_a city_n alexandria_n in_o which_o the_o abovenamed_a dionysius_n have_v sit_v be_v now_o fill_v by_o one_o peter_n a_o very_a venerable_a person_n eminent_a for_o his_o knowledge_n and_o sanctity_n and_o who_o at_o last_o suffer_v martyrdom_n in_o the_o year_n 311._o and_o upon_o the_o rise_n of_o this_o sharp_a persecution_n the_o christian_n have_v behave_v themselves_o very_o different_o some_o have_v endure_v to_o the_o last_o with_o admirable_a constancy_n some_o yield_v and_o deny_v their_o religion_n after_o the_o suffering_n of_o grievous_a torment_n some_o upon_o the_o offer_n of_o torture_n after_o they_o have_v undergo_v the_o pain_n of_o imprisonment_n and_o some_o at_o the_o first_o accusation_n of_o those_o too_o who_o have_v not_o renounce_v some_o have_v escape_v by_o flight_n some_o by_o buy_v off_o the_o prosecution_n and_o some_o by_o hire_v witness_n to_o attest_v to_o some_o idolatrous_a act_n of_o they_o which_o have_v be_v never_o do_v of_o all_o these_o sort_n there_o be_v many_o who_o desire_v to_o be_v readmit_v to_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n and_o some_o have_v now_o long_o seek_v it_o with_o much_o lamentation_n to_o who_o various_a circumstance_n different_a rule_n be_v therefore_o to_o be_v suit_v such_o as_o this_o peter_n after_o deliberation_n have_v with_o his_o brethren_n deliver_v in_o a_o discourse_n now_o lose_v but_o from_o which_o some_o excerpt_n have_v be_v make_v in_o form_n of_o canon_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v preserve_v to_o we_o the_o first_o canon_n as_o zonaras_n and_o balsamon_n give_v it_o be_v thus_o ah_o whereas_o now_o the_o four_o easter_n be_v come_v upon_o this_o persecution_n it_o may_v suffice_v for_o those_o who_o be_v accuse_v and_o imprison_v and_o endure_v insufferable_a torture_n and_o intolerable_a scourge_n and_o many_o other_o grievous_a cruelty_n but_o after_o all_o be_v betray_v by_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o flesh_n for_o those_o i_o say_v tho_o they_o be_v not_o admit_v into_o communion_n at_o first_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o their_o great_a apostasy_n yet_o because_o they_o strive_v much_o and_o resist_v a_o long_a while_n for_o they_o fall_v not_o upon_o choice_n but_o be_v betray_v by_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o flesh_n and_o because_o they_o bear_v still_o in_o their_o body_n the_o mark_n of_o their_o lord_n and_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v mourn_v these_o three_o year_n for_o these_o i_o say_v it_o may_v suffice_v that_o a_o penance_n of_o other_o forty_o day_n to_o be_v reckon_v from_o after_o their_o admission_n shall_v be_v additional_o inflict_v on_o they_o for_o their_o admonition_n which_o forty_o day_n though_o our_o saviour_n have_v fast_v after_o baptism_n yet_o he_o be_v tempt_v of_o the_o devil_n in_o which_o they_o too_o be_v exercise_v supper_n abundant_o and_o more_o earnest_o sober_a may_v watch_v unto_o prayer_n continual_o meditate_v on_o that_o answer_n give_v by_o our_o lord_n when_o he_o be_v urge_v by_o the_o tempter_n to_o fall_v down_o and_o worship_v he_o get_v thou_o behind_o i_o satan_n for_o it_o be_v write_v thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v this_o be_v the_o first_o canon_n and_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o it_o we_o only_o add_v that_o the_o second_o impose_v another_o year_n penance_n upon_o those_o who_o have_v suffer_v the_o pain_n and_o misery_n of_o imprisonment_n but_o do_v not_o resist_v torture_n and_o that_o the_o three_o put_v those_o off_o to_o the_o end_n of_o another_o year_n for_o trial_n and_o not_o till_o then_o to_o receive_v their_o sentence_n who_o out_o of_o fear_n and_o cowardliness_n have_v yield_v present_o §_o ii_o forty_o day_n of_o fast_v and_o strict_a devotion_n be_v here_o singular_o and_o eminent_o mention_v but_o in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o year_n they_o be_v place_v it_o be_v not_o here_o certain_o determine_v if_o by_o the_o four_o easter_n be_v come_v as_o i_o have_v render_v it_o may_v be_v understand_v be_v now_o come_v and_o the_o bishop_n discourse_n may_v be_v date_v before_o easter_n those_o forty_o day_n will_v then_o be_v in_o all_o probability_n before_o easter_n too_o and_o the_o very_a lent_n which_o we_o be_v now_o look_v after_o they_o must_v undoubted_o have_v some_o near_a aspect_n upon_o easter_n for_o why_o else_o be_v it_o mention_v and_o the_o year_n of_o persecution_n reckon_v by_o it_o and_o no_o time_n be_v so_o proper_a to_o re-admit_a penitent_n solemn_o to_o christian_a communion_n as_o this_o of_o the_o passover_n when_o the_o pardon_n of_o our_o sin_n be_v recognise_v by_o the_o solemn_a memory_n of_o our_o saviour_n death_n on_o the_o friday_n and_o the_o holy_a communion_n the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o death_n be_v so_o solemn_o frequent_v on_o the_o sunday_n neither_o be_v any_o season_n of_o the_o year_n more_o fit_a for_o the_o strict_a humiliation_n of_o the_o penitent_a than_o that_o on_o which_o all_o good_a christian_n be_v ready_a to_o join_v in_o something_o of_o the_o like_a devotion_n for_o this_o reason_n we_o may_v just_o suppose_v st._n cyprian_n oxon._n cyprian_n ep._n 56._o edit_fw-la oxon._n be_v consult_v before_o easter_n about_o the_o same_o case_n the_o reconciliation_n of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v penitent_n three_o year_n that_o if_o he_o have_v answer_v favourable_o they_o may_v have_v be_v admit_v at_o the_o approach_a festival_n so_o have_v we_o under_o this_o supposition_n a_o lent_n of_o forty_o day_n for_o penitent_n at_o least_o to_o be_v keep_v throughout_o by_o they_o and_o with_o great_a severity_n while_o the_o rest_n beginning_z as_o early_o and_o use_v such_o abstinence_n as_o their_o discretion_n direct_v and_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o conscience_n require_v equal_v general_o the_o austerity_n even_o of_o those_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n and_o this_o way_n if_o we_o be_v allow_v to_o conceive_v the_o canon_n the_o other_o forty_o day_n there_o mention_v may_v then_o respect_v the_o former_a three_o lent_n that_o have_v go_v before_o except_o any_o one_o will_v rather_o understand_v that_o one_o particular_a lent_n to_o be_v intimate_v which_o have_v be_v keep_v by_o these_o christian_n just_a before_o they_o be_v baptise_a which_o too_o be_v do_v general_o at_o easter_n and_o which_o they_o be_v now_o order_v to_o keep_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n again_o before_o they_o shall_v be_v again_o receive_v into_o the_o church_n and_o thus_o the_o forty_o penitential_a day_n will_v be_v the_o very_a forty_o day_n of_o lent_n if_o we_o suppose_v the_o synod_n to_o be_v hold_v before_o easter_n as_o the_o nicene_n council_n do_v order_n afterward_o but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o and_o they_o do_v not_o concur_v with_o such_o a_o lent_n they_o will_v however_o infer_v it._n let_v we_o then_o suppose_v the_o synod_n to_o have_v be_v assemble_v after_o easter_n and_o very_o probable_o it_o be_v for_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a that_o the_o order_n of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a in_o this_o particular_a be_v a_o change_n of_o the_o old_a practice_n which_o order_n be_v reverse_v in_o a_o little_a time_n by_o the_o council_n of_o antioch_n and_o beside_o we_o see_v that_o the_o synod_n of_o ancyra_n a_o synod_n hold_v on_o occasion_n of_o the_o same_o persecution_n and_o much_o about_o the_o same_o time_n do_v meet_v after_o easter_n for_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o great_a day_n the_o day_n of_o easter_n and_o seem_v to_o reckon_v it_o to_o be_v about_o a_o year_n before_o it_o will_v come_v again_o under_o this_o supposition_n that_o synod_n of_o ancyra_n will_v help_v we_o to_o understand_v the_o other_o of_o
at_o the_o same_o time_n make_v some_o satisfaction_n for_o what_o be_v past_a and_o fortify_v ourselves_o against_o temptation_n for_o the_o future_a watch_z and_o pray_v say_v he_o that_o you_o enter_v not_o into_o temptation_n and_o i_o presume_v they_o the_o disciple_n be_v therefore_o so_o far_o tempt_v because_o they_o sleep_v our_o lord_n himself_o be_v surround_v with_o tentation_n present_o after_o his_o baptism_n when_o he_o have_v perform_v his_v fast_n forty_o day_n and_o therefore_o may_v some_o one_o say_v we_o too_o shall_v rather_o fast_v after_o baptism_n now_o in_o this_o place_n i_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o evident_a that_o the_o paschal_n vigil_n and_o the_o forty_o day_n fast_o before_o easter_n be_v particular_o mean_v and_o therefore_o heretofore_o i_o do_v not_o bring_v this_o passage_n for_o a_o proof_n but_o neither_o be_v it_o improbable_a that_o they_o be_v intend_v for_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n sleep_v agree_v to_o the_o time_n of_o those_o vigil_n and_o the_o forty_o day_n abstinence_n of_o our_o saviour_n be_v not_o mention_v with_o any_o intimation_n of_o the_o one_o continue_v extraordinary_a fast_o but_o as_o so_o many_o fast_n may_v also_o well_o refer_v to_o those_o of_o the_o catechumen_n §_o ii_o it_o have_v appear_v already_o from_o the_o synod_n of_o alexandria_n that_o forty_o day_n have_v be_v in_o use_n for_o a_o penitential_a fast_o before_o thâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o in_o all_o likelihood_n those_o day_n be_v just_a before_o easter_n i_o shall_v therefore_o be_v content_a to_o add_v only_o two_o authority_n the_o one_o concern_v the_o number_n of_o those_o day_n and_o the_o other_o concern_v their_o place_n and_o as_o for_o the_o fast_a of_o penitent_n how_o proper_a forty_o day_n be_v for_o that_o office_n i_o shall_v give_v the_o authority_n of_o st._n jerome_n in_o his_o commentary_n on_o ionas_n excribe_v the_o whole_a passage_n the_o rather_o because_o it_o will_v be_v of_o further_a service_n hereafter_o the_o old_a translation_n of_o the_o 3d._a chapter_n of_o ionas_n at_o the_o 14_o verse_n be_v thus_o yet_o three_o day_n and_o nineveh_n shall_v be_v destroy_v upon_o which_o he_o say_v g_o the_o number_n three_o which_o be_v put_v by_o the_o septuagint_n be_v not_o proper_a for_o penitent_n and_o i_o can_v but_o wonder_v how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v so_o translate_v see_v in_o the_o hebrew_n there_o be_v no_o agreement_n either_o in_o the_o letter_n or_o syllable_n or_o accent_n or_o word_n beside_o the_o prophet_n send_v from_o judaea_n on_o so_o long_a a_o journey_n be_v to_o require_v a_o penitence_n worthy_a of_o his_o preach_a that_o such_o old_a and_o putrid_a ulcer_n may_v be_v cure_v with_o a_o plaster_n that_o shall_v lie_v some_o long_a time_n upon_o they_o now_o forty_o be_v a_o number_n that_o be_v proper_a for_o penitent_n and_o fast_v and_o prayer_n and_o sackcloth_n and_o tear_n and_o perseverance_n in_o deprecate_v god_n anger_n for_o which_o reason_n moses_n also_o fast_v forty_o day_n in_o mount_n sinai_n and_o elias_n fly_v from_o jezabel_n and_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n impend_v upon_o israel_n be_v describe_v to_o have_v fast_v forty_o day_n our_o lord_n likewise_o himself_o the_o true_a ionas_n who_o be_v send_v to_o preach_v repentance_n to_o the_o world_n fast_v forty_o day_n and_o leave_v to_o we_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o fast_n still_o prepare_v our_o soul_n for_o the_o eat_v of_o his_o body_n by_o the_o same_o number_n here_o we_o have_v the_o fitness_n of_o forty_o day_n for_o penance_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o st._n jerome_n and_o we_o suppose_v of_o the_o church_n of_o his_o time_n the_o only_a remark_n thence_o we_o make_v as_o yet_o the_o fitness_n of_o easter-day_n for_o the_o readmission_n of_o those_o penitent_n into_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o church_n we_o shall_v find_v from_o gregory_n nyssen_n in_o the_o preface_n of_o that_o excellent_a letter_n which_o he_o write_v to_o letoius_n bishop_n of_o metilene_n about_o canonical_a penance_n and_o send_v he_o probable_o for_o a_o easter_n present_a it_o thus_o begin_v h_z this_o too_o be_v one_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o appertain_v to_o the_o holy_a festival_n the_o consideration_n of_o the_o rightful_a and_o canonical_a dispensation_n which_o be_v to_o be_v exercise_v upon_o offender_n that_o every_o spiritual_a malady_n which_o have_v be_v contract_v by_o any_o sin_n may_v have_v its_o proper_a cure_n for_o see_v this_o catholic_n festival_n the_o festival_n of_o the_o creation_n keep_v throughout_o the_o world_n every_o year_n in_o the_o state_v period_n of_o the_o annual_a circle_n be_v celebrate_v for_o the_o resurrection_n of_o he_o that_o fall_v and_o sin_n be_v a_o fall_n and_o rise_v up_o from_o the_o fall_n of_o sin_n be_v a_o resurrection_n it_o must_v be_v very_o proper_a on_o this_o day_n not_o only_o to_o bring_v to_o god_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o the_o font_n such_o as_o be_v transform_v by_o regeneration_n but_o those_o too_o who_o by_o penitence_n and_o turn_n to_o god_n be_v come_v back_o from_o dead_a work_n into_o the_o way_n of_o life_n to_o lead_v these_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o hand_n to_o that_o save_a hope_n from_o which_o they_o have_v be_v estrange_v by_o sin_n the_o meaning_n of_o this_o preface_n be_v plain_a that_o a_o penitential_a discourse_n be_v as_o proper_a a_o subject_a before_o easter_n as_o a_o catechistical_a and_o this_o he_o may_v think_v fit_a to_o premise_v because_o in_o those_o time_n there_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v more_o occasion_n for_o the_o catechistical_a then_o when_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n the_o number_n of_o those_o who_o need_v solemn_a penance_n be_v very_o inconsiderable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o adult_n convert_v to_o christianity_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o presume_v penance_n appear_v more_o formal_o in_o the_o lent_n of_o some_o age_n hereafter_o than_o it_o do_v before_o because_o few_o grow_a person_n be_v then_o to_o be_v baptize_v to_o who_o catechistical_a discourse_n belong_v and_o occasion_n for_o the_o other_o the_o penitential_a exhortation_n there_o be_v then_o too_o much_o not_o but_o that_o the_o solemn_a preparation_n of_o penitent_n by_o lent_n may_v have_v be_v as_o ancient_a well_o nigh_o as_o that_o of_o the_o candidate_n for_o baptism_n the_o reason_n certain_o for_o their_o admission_n at_o easter_n be_v the_o same_o as_o our_o author_n have_v suggest_v and_o we_o have_v before_o observe_v b_o cyr._n hieros_n prologus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d c_o catech._n 1_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d d_o catech._n 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d e_z catecâ—_n 18._o in_o his_o discourse_n on_o the_o saturday_n he_o tell_v they_o he_o spare_v they_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o fatigue_n they_o have_v undergo_v from_o their_o continue_v on_o the_o fast_o begin_v on_o friday_n and_o from_o their_o watch_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o this_o both_o watch_v and_o fast_v be_v express_v by_o st._n hilary_n to_o have_v be_v commensurate_a to_o the_o time_n of_o our_o lord_n passion_n and_o be_v therefore_o reckon_v to_o have_v continue_v three_o day_n hilar._n in_o can._n 15._o matth._n venturi_n ad_fw-la baptismum_fw-la prius_fw-la confitentur_fw-la credere_fw-la se_fw-la in_o dei_fw-la filio_fw-la &_o in_o passionc_n &_o resurrectione_n ejus_fw-la &_o huic_fw-la professionis_fw-la sacramento_n side_n redditur_fw-la arque_fw-la ut_fw-la bane_n verborum_fw-la sponsionem_fw-la quaedam_fw-la rerum_fw-la ipsarum_fw-la veritas_fw-la consequatur_fw-la toto_fw-la in_o jejuniis_fw-la passionis_fw-la dominicae_fw-la tempore_fw-la demorante_n quádam_fw-la domino_fw-la passionis_fw-la societate_fw-la junguntur_fw-la igitur_fw-la sive_fw-la ex_fw-la sponsionis_fw-la sacramento_n sive_fw-la jejunio_fw-la omne_fw-la illud_fw-la passionis_fw-la dominicae_fw-la cum_fw-la domino_fw-la agunt_fw-la tempus_fw-la &_o hujuâ—_n spei_fw-la â—rque_fw-la comitatûs_fw-la dominus_fw-la misertus_fw-la ait_fw-la secum_fw-la triduo_fw-la esse_fw-la f_z tert._n de_fw-mi bapt._n c._n 20._o ingressuros_fw-la baptismum_fw-la orationibus_fw-la crebris_fw-la jejuniis_fw-la &_o geniculationibus_fw-la &_o pervigiliis_fw-la orare_fw-la oportet_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la confession_n omnium_fw-la retro_fw-la delictorum_fw-la simul_fw-la enim_fw-la &_o de_fw-la pristinis_fw-la satisfacimus_fw-la conflictatione_fw-la carnis_fw-la &_o spiritus_fw-la &_o subsecuturis_fw-la tentationibus_fw-la munimenta_fw-la praestruimus_fw-la vigilate_n &_o orate_fw-la inquit_fw-la ne_fw-la incidatis_fw-la in_o tentationem_fw-la et_fw-la ideo_fw-la credo_fw-la tentati_fw-la sunt_fw-la quoniam_fw-la obdormierunt_fw-la lpsum_fw-la dominum_fw-la post_fw-la lavacrum_fw-la statim_fw-la tentationes_fw-la circumsteterunt_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la diebus_fw-la jejuniis_fw-la functum_fw-la ergo_fw-la &_o nos_fw-la dicet_fw-la aliquis_fw-la à _fw-la lavacro_fw-la potius_fw-la jejunare_fw-la oportet_fw-la et_fw-la quis_fw-la enim_fw-la prohibet_fw-la nisi_fw-la necessitas_fw-la gaudii_fw-la &_o gratulatio_fw-la salutis_fw-la g_o hieron_n in_o joh._n c._n 3._o trinus_fw-la
numerus_fw-la qui_fw-la ponitur_fw-la à _fw-la septuaginta_fw-la non_fw-la convenit_fw-la poenitentiae_fw-la &_o satis_fw-la miror_fw-la cur_n ita_fw-la translatum_fw-la sit_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o hebreo_fw-la nec_fw-la literarum_n nec_fw-la syllabarum_fw-la nec_fw-la accentuum_fw-la nec_fw-la verbi_fw-la sit_fw-la ulla_fw-la communitas_fw-la alioqui_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr judea_n tanto_fw-la itinere_fw-la missus_fw-la propheta_fw-la in_o assyrios_fw-la dignam_fw-la suae_fw-la praedicationis_fw-la poenitentiam_fw-la flagitabat_fw-la ut_fw-la antiqua_fw-la &_o putrida_fw-la vulnera_fw-la diu_fw-la apposito_fw-la curarentur_fw-la emplastro_fw-la porro_fw-la quadragenarius_fw-la numerus_fw-la convenit_fw-la peccatoribus_fw-la &_o jejunio_fw-la &_o orationi_fw-la &_o sacco_n &_o lachrymis_fw-la &_o perseverantiâ—e_fw-la deprecandi_fw-la ob_fw-la quod_fw-la &_o moses_n quadraginta_fw-la diebus_fw-la jejunavit_fw-la in_o monte_fw-la sina_n &_o helias_n fugiens_fw-la jezabel_n &_o dei_fw-la desuper_fw-la ira_fw-la pendent_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la dies_fw-la jejunasse_n describitur_fw-la ipse_fw-la quoque_fw-la dominus_fw-la verus_fw-la jona_n missus_fw-la ad_fw-la praedicationem_fw-la mundi_fw-la jejunavit_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la dies_fw-la &_o haereditatem_fw-la nobis_fw-la jejunii_fw-la relinquens_fw-la ad_fw-la esum_fw-la corporis_fw-la svi_fw-la sub_fw-la hoc_fw-la numero_fw-la nostras_fw-la animas_fw-la praeparat_fw-la h_z greg._n nyss_n ep._n can._n ad_fw-la letoium_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d chap._n ix_o §_o i._o a_o lend_v always_o and_o every_o where_o observe_v though_o not_o of_o forty_o day_n §_o ii_o mr._n daillé_n objection_n against_o it_o from_o cassian_n §_o iii_o from_o st._n jerome_n §_o iv_o from_o st._n chrysostome_n §_o i._o the_o reader_n may_v perceive_v by_o the_o liberty_n we_o have_v take_v of_o this_o digression_n concern_v baptism_n and_o penance_n that_o we_o be_v now_o at_o leisure_n and_o free_a of_o all_o difficulty_n concern_v the_o actual_a observation_n of_o the_o forty_o season_n and_o indeed_o about_o the_o fast_a of_o it_o mr._n daillé_n henceforth_o give_v we_o no_o trouble_n but_o against_o the_o apostolical_a right_n he_o be_v still_o look_v out_o for_o evidence_n but_o in_o that_o point_n the_o reader_n may_v have_v already_o understand_v how_o little_a we_o be_v concern_v who_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o prove_v that_o a_o lent_n of_o so_o many_o certain_a day_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o apostolical_a age_n but_o that_o some_o lend_v there_o then_o be_v general_o keep_v by_o all_o and_o probable_o of_o forty_o day_n by_o some_o in_o the_o second_o century_n a_o thing_n that_o will_v not_o i_o presume_v appear_v so_o strange_a when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o discourse_n though_o therefore_o i_o be_o inclinable_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v very_o ancient_o some_o regard_n have_v to_o the_o number_n forty_o and_o that_o this_o in_o process_n of_o time_n increase_v very_o much_o so_o as_o to_o have_v be_v the_o solemn_a number_n of_o lent_n in_o many_o church_n by_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o century_n yet_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o allow_v from_o what_o we_o have_v see_v of_o st._n chrysostome_n that_o this_o observation_n grow_v so_o universal_a from_o the_o recommendation_n of_o the_o nicene_n father_n those_o forty_o day_n too_o though_o regard_v and_o observe_v yet_o i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o fast_v and_o every_o where_o equal_o but_o be_o ready_a to_o allow_v what_o st._n chrysostome_n intimate_v 15._o intimate_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 15._o that_o in_o his_o time_n at_o antioch_n some_o fast_v two_o some_o three_o and_o some_o all_o the_o week_n of_o they_o at_o their_o own_o discretion_n and_o what_o socrates_n will_v hereafter_o tell_v we_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n §_o ii_o that_o also_o which_o cassian_n a_o disciple_n of_o st._n chrysostome_n say_v and_o be_v use_v to_o be_v produce_v upon_o this_o argument_n as_o a_o unanswerable_a objection_n against_o the_o antiquity_n of_o lent_n i_o have_v no_o need_n to_o dissemble_v it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v say_v he_o b_o that_o this_o observation_n of_o forty_o day_n as_o it_o be_v now_o strict_o enjoin_v have_v no_o be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n continue_v for_o those_o who_o enlarge_v the_o fast_a throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n be_v not_o confine_v by_o the_o necessity_n of_o this_o ordinance_n nor_o within_o such_o narrow_a bound_n of_o fast_v as_o if_o under_o a_o legal_a restraint_n but_o when_o the_o multitude_n of_o believer_n daily_o fall_v off_o from_o that_o apostolical_a devotion_n begin_v to_o grow_v worldly_a than_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a by_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n that_o man_n immerse_v in_o the_o care_n of_o the_o world_n and_o whole_o ignorant_a if_o i_o may_v so_o say_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n as_o abstinence_n and_o repentance_n shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o holy_a duty_n by_o this_o canonical_a injunction_n of_o fast_n and_o compel_v to_o it_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o imposition_n of_o a_o legal_a ten_o c_o a_o injunction_n advantageous_a to_o the_o weak_a and_o which_o can_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o perfect_a those_o who_o be_v under_o the_o grace_n of_o the_o gospel_n by_o their_o voluntary_a devotion_n already_o exceed_v the_o prescribe_v law_n i_o shall_v not_o now_o observe_v what_o some_o may_v venture_v to_o say_v that_o cassian_n speak_v all_o this_o upon_o mistake_n suppose_v with_o eusebius_n here_o what_o he_o evident_o do_v in_o another_o place_n d_o that_o the_o egyptian_a essenes_n describe_v by_o philo_n be_v disciple_n of_o st._n mark_n and_o that_o the_o primitive_a christian_n live_v all_o at_o first_o in_o that_o austerity_n i_o shall_v only_o remark_n that_o cassian_n speak_v here_o of_o the_o forty_o day_n and_o not_o of_o a_o lent_n in_o general_a and_o of_o their_o be_v fast_v by_o injunction_n and_o not_o at_o discretion_n and_o therefore_o those_o perfect_a man_n of_o he_o who_o fast_v the_o whole_a year_n may_v however_o have_v fast_v some_o peculiar_a time_n before_o easter_n with_o a_o more_o peculiar_a devotion_n for_o that_o they_o fast_v all_o the_o day_n can_v be_v mean_v by_o he_o much_o less_o with_o a_o equal_a abstinence_n and_o they_o may_v too_o some_o of_o they_o have_v so_o particular_o fast_v forty_o day_n though_o not_o by_o legal_a direction_n yet_o by_o their_o own_o choice_n notwithstanding_o any_o thing_n say_v in_o this_o place_n if_o too_o we_o understand_v the_o time_n when_o these_o forty_o day_n be_v first_o impose_v by_o common_a consent_n to_o have_v be_v that_o of_o the_o nicene_n council_n this_o be_v no_o more_o than_o we_o before_o have_v from_o his_o master_n st._n chrysostome_n but_o if_o he_o mean_v some_o elder_a time_n and_o he_o may_v the_o very_a first_o age_n for_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v lukewarm_a very_o early_o as_o we_o learn_v from_o some_o part_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n we_o have_v then_o a_o testimony_n from_o cassian_n of_o a_o much_o high_a antiquity_n for_o this_o quadragesimal_a institution_n however_o that_o which_o he_o add_v concern_v the_o imposition_n of_o forty_o day_n whenever_o it_o begin_v that_o it_o be_v no_o hindrance_n to_o the_o perfect_a be_v very_o observable_a and_o to_o be_v consider_v by_o all_o pretender_n to_o perfection_n for_o the_o injunction_n he_o intimate_v though_o not_o make_v for_o the_o perfect_a will_v however_o be_v keep_v by_o they_o and_o they_o will_v show_v they_o be_v under_o grace_n by_o exceed_v and_o not_o by_o transgress_v the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o as_o much_o as_o he_o that_o fast_v every_o day_n will_v not_o fail_v to_o fast_v forty_o and_o he_o that_o be_v ready_a to_o offer_v his_o whole_a time_n will_v not_o hold_v back_o the_o ten_o §_o iii_o we_o see_v how_o far_o cassian_n expression_n be_v from_o any_o reflection_n upon_o the_o institution_n of_o lent_n and_o those_o of_o st._n jerome_n allege_v usual_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n apparent_o require_v the_o same_o construction_n and_o need_v only_o to_o be_v see_v if_o the_o reader_n will_v bear_v the_o length_n of_o the_o passage_n e_z some_o may_v say_v if_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o observe_v day_n and_o month_n etc._n etc._n we_o then_o be_v under_o the_o like_a gild_n who_o observe_v wednesday_n and_o friday_n and_o the_o lord_n '_o be_v day_n and_o the_o fast_a of_o the_o forty_o season_n and_o the_o holy_a day_n of_o the_o passover_n and_o the_o joy_n of_o the_o pentecost_n and_o the_o several_a day_n that_o be_v keep_v in_o several_a country_n in_o honour_n of_o martyr_n to_o this_o he_o that_o will_v give_v the_o plain_a answer_n will_v reply_v that_o the_o day_n the_o jew_n observe_v be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o we_o for_o we_o do_v not_o celebrate_v the_o passover_n of_o unleavened_a bread_n but_o of_o the_o resurrection_n and_o the_o cross_n neither_o do_v we_o in_o pentecost_n reckon_v the_o seven_o week_n with_o the_o jew_n
a_o viris_fw-la prudentibus_fw-la constitutos_fw-la qui_fw-la magis_fw-la seculo_fw-la vacant_a quam_fw-la deo_fw-la nec_fw-la possunt_fw-la immo_fw-la nolunt_fw-la toto_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la suae_fw-la tempore_fw-la congregari_fw-la quotus_fw-la enim_fw-la cuique_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la saltem_fw-la bâ—co_fw-la pauca_fw-la quae_fw-la staâ—uta_fw-la sunt_fw-la vel_fw-la orandi_fw-la tempora_fw-la vel_fw-la jejunandi_fw-la semper_fw-la exerceat_fw-la chap._n x._o §_o i_o sozomen_n account_n of_o the_o keep_n of_o lent_n in_o his_o time_n about_o ann._n chr._n 440._o §_o ii_o what_o addition_n have_v be_v make_v since_o §_o iii_o socrates_n his_o account_n of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o same_o age_n i_o suppose_v by_o the_o novatian_o §_o iv_o his_o wonder_n that_o lent_n of_o differ_v length_n shall_v all_o of_o they_o be_v call_v the_o forty_o season_n §_o v._o the_o conclusion_n §_o i._o the_o novatian_o who_o hold_v it_o unlawful_a to_o re-admit_a any_o into_o the_o church_n who_o have_v either_o renounce_v the_o faith_n in_o time_n of_o persecution_n or_o have_v commit_v some_o other_o grievous_a crime_n and_o who_o have_v on_o this_o account_n themselves_o renounce_v the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n in_o st._n cyprian_n time_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o three_o century_n be_v now_o great_o divide_v among_o themselves_o in_o this_o age_n about_o the_o observation_n of_o easter_n the_o same_o dispute_n which_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n have_v compose_v among_o the_o catholic_n now_o break_v out_o among_o those_o schismatic_n and_o make_v a_o new_a and_o very_o angry_a schism_n between_o they_o this_o quarrel_n of_o they_o sozomen_n relate_v and_o upon_o occasion_n of_o it_o he_o mention_n the_o peaceable_a behaviour_n of_o anicetus_n and_o polycarp_n remember_v on_o the_o same_o subject_a by_o ireneus_fw-la and_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o same_o author_n and_o to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o break_v communion_n about_o such_o traditional_a difference_n he_o represent_v at_o large_a the_o great_a variety_n of_o usage_n in_o the_o church_n of_o his_o time_n profess_v the_o same_o faith_n a_o that_o among_o the_o scythian_n there_o be_v but_o one_o bishop_n over_o all_o their_o city_n whereas_o in_o arabia_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v bishop_n in_o village_n that_o in_o rome_n there_o be_v no_o more_o than_o seven_o deacon_n and_o they_o sing_v halleluiah_n there_o but_o once_o in_o the_o year_n on_o easter_n sunday_n that_o there_o either_o b_o the_o bishop_n preach_v or_o some_o one_o else_o but_o in_o alexandria_n the_o bishop_n only_o etc._n etc._n and_o he_o add_v the_o forty_o season_n as_o it_o be_v call_v before_o easter_n in_o which_o the_o people_n use_v to_o fast_o some_o reckon_v by_o six_o week_n as_o those_o of_o illyricum_n do_v and_o all_o europe_n westward_o and_o those_o of_o africa_n and_o egypt_n and_o palestine_n some_o by_o seven_o as_o in_o constantinople_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o as_o far_o eastward_o as_o the_o phoenician_n and_o some_o fast_o three_o of_o the_o six_o or_o seven_o week_n discontinue_v and_o some_o the_o three_o before_o easter_n together_o and_o some_o two_o as_o the_o follower_n of_o montanus_n that_o the_o follower_n of_o montanus_n keep_v their_o lent_n the_o fortnight_n before_o easter_n we_o find_v here_o and_o have_v observe_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n §_o ii_o what_o the_o author_n say_v concern_v the_o different_a reckon_a of_o the_o forty_o season_n in_o the_o west_n and_o in_o the_o east_n be_v not_o only_o observable_a for_o the_o history_n of_o his_o time_n but_o for_o the_o understanding_n of_o modern_a practice_n the_o western_a empire_n with_o egypt_n and_o palestine_n account_v the_o forty_o two_o day_n of_o six_o week_n to_o be_v their_o forty_o season_n as_o the_o lxxii_o interpreter_n be_v common_o call_v the_o lxx_o but_o of_o these_o they_o fast_v only_o thirty_o six_o all_o the_o sunday_n be_v exempt_v the_o eastern_a empire_n palestine_n and_o egypt_n then_o except_v call_v seven_o week_n that_o be_v forty_o nine_o day_n their_o forty_o season_n for_o they_o be_v still_o under_o the_o number_n fifty_o but_o then_o because_o they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o fast_o on_o the_o sabbath_n no_o more_o than_o on_o the_o sunday_n unless_o only_o on_o the_o saturday_n of_o passion-week_n they_o likewise_o deduct_v their_o seven_o sunday_n and_o six_o saturday_n fast_v effectual_o no_o more_o than_o thirty_o six_o day_n since_o that_o time_n the_o greek_a church_n that_o they_o may_v in_o some_o sort_n be_v near_o to_o the_o number_n forty_o have_v add_v a_o eight_o week_n of_o previous_a abstinence_n beginning_n on_o those_o five_o day_n to_o fast_o from_o flesh_n though_o they_o allow_v themselves_o the_o use_n of_o egg_n and_o milk_n and_o cheese_n and_o butter_n thing_n from_o which_o in_o the_o seven_o follow_a week_n they_o strict_o forbear_v and_o they_o beside_o for_o a_o introduction_n to_o this_o whole_a fast_a set_v apart_o another_o nine_o week_n wherein_o they_o special_o prepare_v for_o it_o by_o confession_n of_o their_o own_o sin_n and_o forgiveness_n of_o the_o sin_n of_o other_o against_o themselves_o this_o be_v the_o additional_a practice_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o the_o latin_n likewise_o have_v enlarge_v their_o lent_n and_o whereas_o before_o they_o rather_o adjust_v the_o space_n of_o time_n within_o which_o they_o keep_v their_o fast_a than_o the_o number_n of_o day_n they_o do_v actual_o fast_o to_o the_o number_n forty_o forty_o two_o be_v near_o to_o forty_o than_o thirty_o six_o they_o have_v since_o think_v it_o better_a to_o make_v up_o the_o number_n forty_o precise_o of_o such_o fafle_a day_n and_o have_v therefore_o add_v four_o to_o the_o former_a begin_v on_o the_o wednesday_n of_o the_o seven_o week_n as_o be_v well_o know_v §_o iii_o what_o we_o have_v from_o sozomen_n be_v express_v and_o without_o dispute_n what_o follow_v from_o socrates_n be_v more_o confuse_a and_o ambiguous_a but_o may_v serve_v however_o to_o give_v we_o some_o light_n he_o write_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o sozomen_n and_o take_v the_o same_o occasion_n from_o the_o novatian_a difference_n to_o enter_v upon_o the_o like_a discourse_n say_v among_o other_o thing_n b_o 2_o those_o of_o the_o same_o faith_n differ_v in_o their_o usage_n the_o fast_a for_o example_n before_o easter_n be_v different_o observe_v in_o different_a place_n for_o those_o in_o rome_n fast_o three_o continue_a week_n before_o easter_n except_o saturday_n and_o sunday_n but_o the_o illyrian_n and_o grecian_n of_o europe_n and_o alexandrian_n keep_v a_o fast_a of_o six_o week_n before_o easter_n call_v it_o the_o forty_o season_n and_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v other_o who_o begin_v seven_o week_n before_o and_o fast_v by_o interval_n only_o three_o week_n of_o five_o day_n apiece_o call_v that_o space_n of_o time_n nevertheless_o the_o forty_o season_n and_o i_o can_v but_o wonder_n how_o those_o who_o differ_v so_o in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o day_n shall_v agree_v to_o give_v they_o that_o common_a name_n of_o which_o denomination_n several_a inquisitive_a man_n have_v give_v several_a account_n neither_o be_v there_o a_o difference_n only_o about_o the_o number_n of_o day_n but_o about_o the_o abstinence_n of_o their_o diet._n some_o abstain_v from_o all_o that_o have_v life_n some_o eat_v of_o no_o animal_n but_o fish_n some_o of_o bird_n too_o some_o abstain_v from_o fruit_n and_o egg_n some_o take_v only_o dry_a bread_n and_o some_o admit_v not_o that_o but_o other_o eat_v not_o till_o three_o in_o the_o afternoon_n after_o that_o use_v their_o liberty_n and_o infinite_a be_v the_o difference_n about_o these_o thing_n concern_v which_o we_o have_v no_o write_a precept_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o they_o be_v leave_v by_o the_o apostle_n to_o every_o one_o be_v own_o judgement_n and_o choice_n that_o every_o one_o may_v voluntary_o do_v what_o be_v good_a not_o for_o fear_n or_o out_o of_o necessity_n this_o account_n of_o socrates_n have_v be_v much_o question_v in_o what_o relate_v to_o rome_n it_o be_v apparent_a from_o sozomen_n and_o otherwise_o that_o in_o that_o time_n not_o three_o week_n but_o six_o be_v observe_v in_o that_o city_n he_o himself_o too_o afterward_o say_v that_o they_o fast_v there_o all_o saturday_n as_o they_o be_v know_v to_o have_v do_v in_o that_o age_n from_o other_o hand_n except_v that_o before_o easter_n only_o the_o author_n for_o this_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o very_a hard_a censure_n from_o some_o other_o have_v endeavour_v to_o salve_v the_o matter_n with_o new_a readins_n and_o valesius_fw-la stand_v so_o much_o on_o his_o side_n as_o to_o take_v up_o the_o paradox_n and_o justify_v every_o tittle_n he_o be_v suppose_v to_o say_v against_o all_o opponent_n but_o it_o may_v be_v the_o fair_a way_n will_v be_v
any_o where_o in_o scripture_n before_o the_o babylonish_n captivity_n neither_o be_o i_o much_o concern_v in_o that_o point_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o our_o purpose_n that_o it_o have_v be_v in_o practice_n four_o or_o five_o hundred_o year_n before_o our_o saviour_n and_o be_v in_o his_o time_n the_o receive_a law_n and_o canonical_a discipline_n of_o their_o church_n but_o of_o their_o church_n i_o desire_v to_o be_v understand_v and_o in_o the_o full_a sense_n notwithstanding_o mr._n selden_n express_a dissent_n which_o i_o be_o bind_v therefore_o with_o the_o reader_n be_v leave_a a_o little_a to_o consider_v this_o eminent_o learned_a gentleman_n as_o he_o observe_v that_o excommunication_n with_o the_o jew_n be_v a_o civil_a punishment_n inflict_v in_o civil_a case_n and_o by_o civil_a officer_n so_o he_o very_o frequent_o and_o very_o positive_o affirm_v that_o it_o do_v not_o take_v place_n in_o their_o synagogue_n or_o temple_n and_o have_v no_o influence_n at_o all_o upon_o their_o religious_a worship_n 7._o worship_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la n._n &_o g._n juxta_fw-la heb._n lib._n 4._o cap._n 9_o de_fw-fr anno_fw-la civ_o veterum_fw-la judaor_n cap._n 18._o de_fw-fr synedr_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 7._o but_o how_o far_o this_o first_o observation_n be_v true_a we_o have_v see_v already_o 4._o already_o cap._n 4._o §._o 4._o in_o the_o case_n of_o presbyter_n by_o who_o the_o sentence_n be_v juridical_o pronounce_v for_o as_o they_o be_v civil_a officer_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n sacred_a as_o be_v officer_n in_o god_n commonwealth_n and_o for_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o law_n so_o this_o excommunication_n however_o civil_a be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n sacred_a be_v the_o punishment_n use_v in_o that_o nation_n which_o be_v the_o church_n of_o god._n and_o as_o for_o his_o other_o assertion_n that_o excommunication_n do_v not_o operate_v in_o the_o synagogue_n or_o the_o temple_n it_o be_v both_o very_o strange_a and_o i_o believe_v not_o well_o found_v strange_a it_o be_v at_o the_o first_o sight_n that_o those_o who_o be_v separate_v from_o their_o brethren_n as_o unclean_a in_o all_o civil_a conversation_n shall_v free_o mingle_v in_o religious_a and_o shall_v be_v allow_v to_o tread_v on_o their_o heel_n in_o the_o synagogue_n from_o who_o they_o be_v to_o keep_v such_o a_o distance_n in_o the_o street_n and_o very_o strange_a it_o be_v that_o those_o who_o be_v esteem_v as_o leper_n much_o more_o those_o who_o be_v cut_v off_o from_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n shall_v be_v admit_v into_o the_o temple_n and_o promiscuous_o allow_v to_o worship_n in_o that_o holy_a place_n in_o the_o company_n of_o the_o holy_a people_n though_o all_o this_o may_v not_o seem_v so_o strange_a when_o mr._n selden_n write_v then_o when_o people_n be_v privilege_v in_o the_o house_n of_o god_n from_o such_o mannerly_a ceremony_n as_o they_o observe_v in_o their_o own_o house_n and_o in_o the_o street_n but_o this_o peremptory_a assertion_n be_v not_o only_o suspicious_a but_o erroneous_a and_o as_o to_o the_o synagogue_n i_o have_v the_o express_a affirmation_n of_o leo_n de_fw-fr modena_n a_o author_n in_o esteem_n with_o mr._n selden_n direct_o to_o the_o contrary_n 2.3.3_o contrary_n cerem_fw-la des_fw-fr juifs_fw-fr 2.3.3_o i_o shall_v not_o therefore_o urge_v any_o more_o authority_n than_o what_o may_v be_v useful_a on_o another_o occasion_n and_o that_o be_v of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o jew_n the_o day_n before_o their_o expiation-fast_a in_o that_o evening_n before_o the_o prayer_n for_o the_o follow_a day_n begin_v from_o the_o desk_n of_o the_o synagogue_n they_o suspend_v the_o excommunication_n of_o all_o transgressor_n whatsoever_o without_o their_o desire_n and_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o come_v in_o and_o pray_v with_o the_o congregation_n which_o in_o that_o day_n repute_v itself_o as_o a_o company_n of_o sinner_n and_o that_o such_o a_o relaxation_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v more_o necessary_a it_o be_v very_o formal_o pronounce_v by_o the_o preceptor_n assist_v with_o two_o of_o the_o chief_a rabbin_n on_o either_o side_n and_o be_v conceive_v in_o this_o authoritative_a manner_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o consistory_n above_o and_o of_o the_o consistory_n below_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o god_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o church_n we_o grant_v leave_v and_o licence_n to_o pray_v with_o the_o wicked_a 26._o wicked_a buxtor_n sâ—n._n juâ—_n cap._n 26._o now_o if_o excommunication_n exclude_v from_o the_o synagogue_n we_o may_v presume_v it_o do_v from_o the_o temple_n but_o mr._n selden_n offer_v to_o prove_v for_o the_o temple_n what_o he_o suppose_v only_o of_o the_o synagogue_n and_o his_o proof_n be_v from_o a_o passage_n in_o the_o misnah_n 4.2_o misnah_n midd._n c._n 4.2_o which_o maimonides_n have_v also_o exscribe_v 3._o exscribe_v maim_v de_fw-fr aedif._n temp._n c._n 7._o §._o 3._o and_o which_o with_o he_o run_v thus_o all_o who_o enter_v into_o the_o temple_n go_v in_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o come_v out_o on_o the_o left_a but_o if_o any_o one_o lie_v under_o any_o misfortune_n he_o go_v on_o upon_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o then_o they_o ask_v he_o why_o go_v thou_o to_o the_o left_a and_o if_o he_o answer_v because_o i_o be_o in_o mourn_v they_o reply_v he_o comfort_v you_o who_o dwell_v in_o this_o house_n but_o if_o he_o say_v because_o i_o be_o excommunicate_a they_o reply_v he_o who_o dwell_v in_o this_o house_n give_v thou_o grace_n to_o hearken_v to_o thy_o brethren_n that_o they_o may_v restore_v thou_o and_o here_o indeed_o we_o find_v one_o excommunicate_a within_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o temple_n but_o it_o be_v neither_o consider_v how_o far_o he_o be_v suffer_v to_o go_v nor_o under_o what_o excommunication_n he_o lay_v thing_n mr._n selden_n will_v have_v examine_v with_o great_a accuracy_n if_o they_o will_v have_v make_v for_o his_o design_n for_o if_o we_o do_v but_o read_v what_o follow_v of_o the_o very_a same_o chapter_n we_o shall_v see_v what_o be_v to_o be_v remark_v also_o for_o other_o purpose_v that_o the_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o temple_n be_v very_o large_a and_o several_a court_n to_o be_v pass_v before_o one_o come_v to_o the_o house_n or_o temple_n proper_o so_o call_v six_o be_v reckon_v from_o the_o first_o gate_n and_o in_o this_o order_n into_o the_o first_o and_o outmost_a court_n a_o the_o gentile_n and_o the_o defile_v by_o the_o dead_a and_o even_o the_o dead_a body_n themselves_o be_v admit_v though_o not_o only_a leper_n be_v exclude_v for_o they_o may_v not_o come_v within_o jerusalem_n but_o other_o who_o be_v under_o some_o impure_a kind_n of_o uncleanness_n into_o the_o second_o b_o neither_o gentile_n nor_o the_o defile_v with_o dead_a can_v enter_v but_o those_o might_n who_o be_v wash_v for_o lesser_a defilement_n which_o pollute_v but_o for_o a_o day_n and_o wait_v only_o for_o sunset_a to_o be_v perfect_o clean_a the_o three_o c_o be_v what_o be_v call_v the_o court_n of_o the_o woman_n and_o into_o it_o the_o last_o mention_v can_v not_o come_v but_o they_o who_o be_v otherwise_o purify_v and_o only_o want_v to_o be_v expiate_v by_o sacrifice_n might_n the_o four_o d_o be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o israelite_n for_o those_o who_o be_v clean_n and_o perfect_a beyond_o this_o there_o be_v a_o five_o e_o for_o the_o son_n of_o levi_n and_o then_o last_o a_o six_o f_o where_o the_o altar_n g_o stand_v and_o the_o sacrifice_n be_v make_v just_a before_o the_o porch_n h_n of_o the_o house_n owe_v k_n and_o now_o what_o sort_n of_o argument_n be_v this_o that_o the_o excommunicate_v israelite_n be_v not_o debar_v the_o liberty_n of_o worship_v in_o the_o temple_n because_o he_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o outmost_a court_n and_o where_o a_o gentile_a may_v come_v as_o well_o whereas_o for_o aught_o appear_v he_o may_v be_v suffer_v to_o go_v no_o further_o and_o may_v be_v keep_v off_o at_o the_o distance_n of_o three_o court_n from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o israelite_n devotion_n but_o how_o much_o less_o will_v this_o avail_n for_o a_o argument_n if_o the_o excommunicate_v person_n there_o speak_v of_o be_v not_o one_o of_o the_o more_o guilty_a sort_n or_o not_o of_o that_o kind_n which_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o leper_n much_o less_o of_o those_o who_o be_v whole_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o people_n of_o god_n notwithstanding_o therefore_o this_o argument_n of_o mr._n selden_n the_o presumption_n from_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o synagogue_n will_v hold_v good_a for_o the_o temple_n and_o on_o that_o i_o may_v rest_v but_o there_o be_v other_o very_a probable_a argument_n that_o will_v concur_v to_o exclude_v the_o excommunicate_a at_o least_o from_o any_o near_a approach_n in_o the_o temple_n for_o though_o excommunicate_n be_v not_o at_o all_o reckon_v by_o
cross_n in_o the_o forehead_n and_o eye_n and_o nostril_n and_o ear_n and_o upon_o the_o breast_n and_o on_o their_o hand_n and_o foot_n and_o leave_v only_o impositio_fw-la of_o hand_n to_o be_v confer_v by_o the_o bishop_n at_o any_o time_n afterward_o the_o practice_n as_o i_o conceive_v of_o our_o church_n l_o whereas_o in_o the_o latin_a church_n the_o priest_n anoint_v the_o other_o part_n pour_v the_o chrism_n upon_o the_o head_n but_o it_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o bishop_n confirmation_n to_o sign_v the_o forehead_n with_o the_o chrism_n at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o lay_v on_o his_o hand_n innoc._n ad_fw-la decent_a and_o this_o sign_v they_o call_v the_o spiritual_a seal_n ambros_n de_fw-fr sacram._n 3_o 2._o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v give_v by_o that_o and_o the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n and_o this_o confirmation_n the_o bishop_n when_o present_a at_o the_o baptism_n administer_v to_o the_o baptise_a when_o he_o have_v put_v on_o the_o white_a garment_n after_o his_o first_o anoint_v ambros_n de_fw-fr â—is_fw-la qui_fw-la mist_n init._fw-la c._n 7._o and_o last_o hand_n be_v lay_v upon_o he_o with_o a_o blessing_n call_v and_o invite_v down_o the_o holy_a ghost_n m_z and_o as_o the_o same_o author_n express_v it_o he_o be_v overshadow_a by_o the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n n_z five_o the_o next_o morning_n if_o not_o immediate_o on_o easter-day_n they_o proceed_v to_o the_o eucharist_n k_n it_o k_n in_o the_o greek_a church_n even_o the_o infant_n receive_v it_o and_o wear_v their_o white_a garment_n all_o the_o next_o week_n not_o allow_v themselves_o the_o use_n of_o bathe_v for_o that_o time_n h_z purpose_n h_z when_o also_o they_o have_v more_o perfect_o expound_v to_o they_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o two_o great_a mystery_n the_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n and_o the_o eucharist_n to_o which_o they_o have_v be_v late_o admit_v as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o mystagogick_n discourse_n of_o cyril_n of_o jerusalem_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n §_o ii_o with_o so_o many_o circumstance_n be_v the_o initiation_n into_o the_o church_n begin_v and_o perfect_v in_o those_o early_a day_n of_o christianity_n neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o all_o these_o ritual_n be_v the_o pure_a invention_n of_o such_o simple_a plain_a man_n as_o the_o first_o christian_n appear_v to_o have_v be_v much_o less_o can_v it_o be_v think_v that_o they_o be_v borrow_v by_o those_o pious_a man_n from_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n whence_o therefore_o shall_v most_v of_o these_o circumstantial_o be_v derive_v but_o from_o the_o same_o religion_n from_o which_o the_o sacrament_n itself_o be_v take_v and_o whence_o else_o shall_v they_o derive_v they_o who_o have_v be_v original_o of_o that_o religion_n or_o well-willer_n to_o it_o as_o most_o of_o the_o first_o christian_n be_v this_o conjectural_a conclusion_n the_o account_n give_v above_o of_o jewish_a baptism_n 3._o baptism_n ch._n i._o §_o 2_o 3._o which_o we_o suppose_v the_o reader_n to_o remember_v will_v confirm_v and_o it_o may_v be_v so_o far_o as_o to_o make_v we_o willing_a to_o suppose_v that_o a_o more_o exact_a correspondence_n will_v have_v appear_v if_o the_o information_n from_o the_o jew_n have_v be_v less_o defective_a for_o first_o that_o the_o jew_n proselyte_v child_n by_o baptism_n we_o have_v there_o see_v and_o also_o that_o they_o require_v surety_n for_o they_o which_o we_o shall_v the_o less_o doubt_n when_o we_o know_v that_o they_o do_v not_o circumcise_v a_o natural_a jew_n without_o a_o godfather_n and_o godmother_n 4_o godmother_n buxt_n syn._n jud._n â—_o 4_o the_o passover_n also_o be_v their_o chief_a festival_n and_o their_o convert_v in_o probability_n capacit_v themselves_o by_o baptism_n then_o particular_o for_o its_o celebration_n neither_o can_v the_o natural_a jew_n themselves_o 9_o themselves_o maim_v de_fw-fr sacrific_a tract_n 1._o cap._n 9_o §_o 9_o partake_v of_o it_o if_o they_o have_v any_o servant_n of_o their_o house_n uncircumcised_a and_o as_o i_o suppose_v consequent_o unbaptise_v these_o sort_n of_o man_n therefore_o i_o presume_v be_v among_o those_o who_o purify_v themselves_o before_o the_o feast_n and_o add_v to_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o week_n or_o fortnight_n before_o 3._o before_o part_n 1._o ch_n 5._o §_o 3._o and_o last_o though_o any_o three_o will_v serve_v to_o confer_v it_o yet_o regular_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o commission_n from_o the_o consistory_n and_o i_o presume_v by_o the_o appointment_n of_o the_o father_n or_o precedent_n of_o it_o to_o who_o we_o suppose_v the_o bishop_n to_o answer_v 5._o answer_v ch._n 4._o §_o 5._o §_o iii_o second_o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o great_a distinction_n of_o person_n make_v by_o the_o jew_n there_o be_v a_o common_a gentile_n and_o there_o be_v one_o who_o believe_v the_o unity_n of_o god_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o observe_v the_o precept_n to_o be_v keep_v by_o all_o the_o descendant_n of_o noah_n 11._o noah_n maim_v tract_n de_fw-fr regibus_fw-la cap._n 8._o §_o 11._o though_o he_o do_v not_o oblige_v himself_o further_o yet_o and_o this_o be_v a_o degree_n of_o approach_n into_o which_o he_o be_v solemn_o admit_v be_v call_v a_o proselyte_n of_o their_o gate_n as_o one_o permit_v to_o live_v among_o they_o in_o the_o holy-land_n further_o there_o be_v those_o who_o profess_v their_o desire_n to_o become_v jew_n 10._o jew_n ibid._n §_o 10._o and_o this_o profession_n we_o find_v be_v solemn_a and_o they_o repute_v by_o it_o of_o another_o rank_n for_o if_o they_o do_v not_o proceed_v to_o make_v it_o good_a within_o a_o twelvemonth_n they_o be_v degrade_v we_o be_v tell_v and_o to_o be_v esteem_v as_o a_o mere_a heathen_a there_o be_v too_o yet_o as_o it_o shall_v seem_v a_o further_a class_n of_o such_o strange_a servant_n as_o be_v circumcise_a and_o baptise_a in_o the_o quality_n of_o servant_n 11._o servant_n maim_v tract_n de_fw-fr proh_fw-la congressu_fw-la cap._n 13._o §_o 11._o but_o want_v still_o a_o further_a baptism_n to_o complete_a they_o jew_n as_o there_o be_v other_o who_o be_v circumcise_a and_o baptise_a into_o perfect_a judaisme_n but_o not_o yet_o sanctify_v by_o a_o sacrifice_n 2._o sacrifice_n above_o ch._n 2._o §._o 2._o the_o proselyte_n of_o the_o jew_n be_v distinguish_v by_o these_o advances_n and_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o their_o proselyte_n of_o the_o first_o kind_n the_o proselyte_n of_o the_o gate_n be_v of_o the_o same_o rank_n with_o a_o hearer_n and_o also_o that_o he_o who_o undertake_v to_o become_v a_o jew_n be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o christian_a catechumen_n as_o he_o who_o be_v in_o immediate_a preparation_n to_o be_v circumcise_a or_o be_v circumcise_a but_o wait_v to_o be_v baptise_a be_v in_o a_o like_a class_n to_o that_o of_o the_o immediate_a candidate_n and_o probationer_n for_o our_o baptism_n and_o he_o too_o who_o be_v actual_o baptise_a into_o judaisme_n but_o not_o yet_o expiate_v by_o sacrifice_n be_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o one_o baptise_a a_o christian_a but_o yet_o unconfirmed_a and_o not_o admit_v to_o full_a communion_n so_o be_v the_o step_v make_v by_o a_o convert_n of_o the_o jew_n agreeable_a to_o those_o of_o a_o proselyte_n to_o christianity_n the_o instruction_n also_o by_o which_o he_o be_v gradual_o bring_v on_o §._o on_o the_o same_o §._o be_v much_o alike_o to_o that_o recommend_v in_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n §._o constitution_n see_v note_n e_o of_o the_o former_a §._o proceed_v gentle_o and_o by_o easy_a ascent_n neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o jew_n be_v severe_a enough_o in_o their_o scrutiny_n of_o he_o since_o they_o be_v so_o shy_a of_o proselyte_n chapter_n proselyte_n the_o section_n above_o cite_v of_o the_o second_o chapter_n and_o that_o a_o solemn_a profession_n of_o repentance_n for_o his_o former_a heathenism_n be_v require_v of_o he_o now_o it_o be_v probable_a likewise_o that_o these_o different_a sort_n of_o person_n with_o the_o jew_n have_v their_o different_a place_n and_o liberty_n of_o access_n for_o the_o apostolic_a constitution_n themselves_o suppose_v the_o place_n of_o the_o faithful_a in_o the_o assembly_n according_a to_o their_o sex_n and_o age_n to_o be_v after_o the_o pattern_n of_o the_o temple_n h_o and_o as_o a_o christian_a church_n have_v be_v describe_v to_o be_v separate_v in_o two_o partition_n whereof_o the_o upper_a part_n d_o fig._n 2_o belong_v to_o man_n or_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o and_o such_o as_o peculiar_o attend_v on_o the_o sacred_a office_n and_o the_o low_o part_v c_o to_o woman_n who_o be_v dispose_v of_o on_o either_o side_n of_o it_o leave_v the_o middle_n for_o a_o passage_n and_o to_o be_v take_v up_o by_o ordinary_a man_n or_o such_o who_o be_v not_o provide_v to_o go_v high_o so_o we_o see_v 3._o see_v ch._n
sun_n be_v go_v to_o rise_v for_o then_o they_o begin_v their_o morning_n sacrifice_n 2._o sacrifice_n m._n de_fw-fr cult_a dio._n tract_n 6._o c._n 1._o §._o 2._o to_o ten_o of_o the_o clock_n 3.1_o clock_n de_fw-fr prec_n 3.1_o and_o at_o those_o they_o all_o assist_v in_o the_o synagogue_n if_o they_o be_v not_o extraordinary_o hinder_v before_o they_o do_v any_o other_o business_n their_o evening_n prayer_n may_v be_v say_v any_o time_n from_o half_a a_o hour_n past_o one_o but_o ordinary_o from_o half_a a_o hour_n past_o three_o till_o sunset_n 4._o sunset_n ibid._n §._o 2_o 3_o 4._o in_o any_o of_o which_o hour_n the_o daily_a evening_n sacrifice_n may_v have_v be_v offer_v 6.1.3_o offer_v cult_a 6.1.3_o beside_o these_o two_o daily_a duty_n of_o prayer_n command_v they_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o themselves_o to_o perform_v another_o in_o the_o night_n and_o in_o any_o hour_n of_o it_o 7._o it_o prec_n 3.6_o 7._o after_o the_o example_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n which_o be_v usual_o then_o burn_v and_o possible_o because_o those_o part_n be_v not_o to_o be_v put_v on_o the_o altar_n after_o midnight_n 6.1.5_o midnight_n c._n diu._n 6.1.5_o though_o they_o may_v continue_v afterward_o to_o burn_v it_o may_v thence_o seem_v most_o fit_a in_o strictness_n at_o least_o to_o begin_v the_o night_n prayer_n at_o that_o time_n as_o it_o be_v also_o the_o fit_a hour_n be_v at_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o last_o of_o the_o evening_n office_n and_o first_o of_o the_o morning_n a_o hour_n too_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n will_v therefore_o also_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o observe_v because_o it_o have_v be_v with_o they_o the_o beginning_n of_o their_o sacred_a and_o civil_a day_n as_o we_o have_v learn_v heretofore_o from_o pliny_n k._n pliny_n see_v part_n 1_o ch._n 2._o light_v k._n such_o be_v the_o constant_a prayer_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o israel_n thrice_o every_o day_n on_o their_o sabbath_n and_o other_o holiday_n as_o they_o have_v additional_a sacrifice_n to_o be_v offer_v between_o those_o of_o the_o morning_n and_o the_o evening_n so_o in_o their_o place_n there_o be_v additional_a prayer_n to_o be_v say_v after_o the_o morning_n and_o before_o the_o evening_n prayer_n but_o regular_o not_o after_o one_o in_o the_o afternoon_n 3.5_o afternoon_n maim_v de_fw-fr prec_n 3.5_o now_o this_o duty_n though_o it_o oblige_v the_o generality_n only_o on_o those_o peculiar_a day_n yet_o it_o be_v every_o day_n repeat_v by_o the_o representatives_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n the_o stationary_a g._n stationary_a see_v part_n 1_o ch._n 2._o light_v g._n man_n both_o in_o the_o temple_n and_o distant_a synagogue_n and_o be_v attend_v with_o a_o solemn_a blessing_n 2.6.4_o blessing_n maim_v de_fw-fr cultu_fw-la diu._n 2.6.4_o and_o if_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o at_o a_o fix_a time_n no_o hour_n can_v be_v more_o proper_a for_o it_o than_o that_o of_o the_o midday_n a_o cardinal_n time_n and_o equidistant_n from_o those_o two_o of_o the_o sunrising_n and_o sunset_n about_o which_o time_n the_o same_o blessing_n be_v likewise_o pronounce_v 14.1_o pronounce_v maim_v de_fw-fr prec_n 14.1_o and_o last_o to_o all_o this_o say_v on_o the_o occasion_n of_o origen_n assignation_n of_o time_n i_o may_v add_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o ancient_a christian_a prayer_n make_v when_o they_o begin_v to_o light_a candle_n and_o call_v thence_o lucernary_a that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o office_n with_o the_o jew_n likewise_o call_v the_o close_a from_o the_o shut_n up_o of_o the_o day_n and_o its_o service_n a_o kind_n of_o completory_n use_v by_o all_o of_o they_o on_o their_o propitiation_n day_n and_o by_o the_o stationary_a man_n on_o every_o day_n but_o the_o sabbath_n eve_n at_o what_o time_n the_o priest_n give_v the_o blessing_n also_o as_o have_v be_v but_o now_o observe_v §_o iv_o the_o matter_n and_o method_n of_o prayer_n be_v the_o last_o thing_n this_o ancient_a writer_n consider_v and_o he_o direct_v it_o to_o consist_v first_o of_o doxology_n or_o give_v glory_n and_o praise_n second_o of_o return_v thanks_o three_o of_o confession_n of_o sin_n with_o supplication_n for_o grace_n and_o pardon_n four_o of_o intercession_n for_o great_a favour_n and_o last_o to_o conclude_v with_o a_o doxology_n again_o 134._o again_o orig._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pag._n 134._o it_o be_v too_o observable_a that_o where_o st._n paul_n exhort_v that_o supplication_n prayer_n intercession_n and_o thanksgiving_n be_v make_v for_o all_o man_n 2.1_o man_n 1_o tim._n 2.1_o our_o author_n distinguish_v the_o three_o first_o sort_n of_o prayer_n in_o this_o manner_n a_o supplication_n he_o understand_v to_o be_v a_o humble_a petition_n beg_v the_o relief_n of_o our_o necessity_n prayer_n strict_o so_o call_v to_o be_v a_o address_n to_o god_n speak_v his_o glory_n and_o without_o dejection_n of_o mind_n desire_v his_o favour_n and_o intercession_n to_o be_v that_o which_o be_v make_v with_o yet_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o assurance_n and_o holy_a confidence_n c_o now_o as_o this_o latter_a explication_n may_v interpret_v what_o he_o mean_v in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o member_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o prayer_n so_o it_o give_v a_o sense_n to_o the_o apostle_n word_n which_o may_v make_v those_o four_o sort_n of_o prayer_n make_v for_o ourselves_o and_o other_o to_o agree_v with_o the_o four_o sort_n of_o sacrifice_n use_v to_o be_v offer_v for_o that_o purpose_n for_o so_o supplication_n answer_v a_o sacrifice_n for_o sin_n or_o trespass_n by_o the_o remission_n of_o which_o relief_n be_v to_o be_v procure_v prayer_n the_o burnt-offering_n which_o be_v chief_o mean_v to_o god_n honour_n and_o also_o beseech_v his_o favour_n intercession_n the_o peace-offering_n which_o be_v join_v with_o request_n put_v up_o with_o some_o kind_n of_o communication_n and_o familiarity_n and_o last_o thanksgiving_n agree_v plain_o with_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o that_o name_n the_o constituent_a part_n of_o prayer_n be_v no_o doubt_n very_o right_o assign_v by_o origen_n but_o as_o for_o the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o they_o it_o seem_v by_o his_o expression_n to_o be_v rather_o what_o he_o think_v fit_a for_o private_a composure_n than_o what_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n or_o even_o in_o our_o lord_n prayer_n upon_o which_o he_o there_o comment_n for_o our_o sure_a information_n therefore_o on_o this_o subject_n it_o may_v be_v best_a to_o have_v recourse_n to_o other_o author_n §_o v._o now_o the_o office_n of_o public_a devotion_n for_o the_o lord_n day_n morning_n be_v summary_o represent_v by_o justin_n martyr_n a_o as_o perform_v in_o this_o order_n that_o first_o they_o read_v the_o scripture_n of_o both_o testament_n the_o write_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o prophet_n that_o then_o there_o be_v a_o exhortation_n make_v that_o after_o they_o rise_v up_o and_o pray_v and_o last_o that_o they_o make_v the_o oblation_n and_o receive_v the_o eucharist_n this_o be_v that_o apologist_n short_a account_n to_o the_o emperor_n that_o the_o heathen_n may_v know_v in_o general_n how_o innocent_o the_o christian_a assembly_n be_v employ_v tertullian_n b_o from_o another_o occasion_n accidental_o fall_v upon_o a_o very_a cursory_a mention_n of_o the_o former_a of_o the_o same_o office_n interpose_v another_o remember_v the_o read_n of_o the_o scripture_n the_o sing_v of_o psalm_n the_o make_n of_o a_o discourse_n and_o the_o put_v up_o of_o prayer_n and_o this_o office_n of_o psalmody_n though_o for_o brevity_n omit_v by_o justin_n yet_o questionless_a be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o other_o and_o be_v too_o recount_a by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o apostolic_a constitution_n in_o the_o same_o method_n after_o the_o lection_n and_o before_o the_o sermon_n 54._o sermon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 54._o he_o also_o in_o a_o follow_a chapter_n 57_o chapter_n cap._n 57_o give_v a_o large_a description_n of_o the_o whole_a service_n after_o this_o manner_n a_o reader_n first_o be_v direct_v stand_v in_o the_o ambo._fw-la or_o desk_n to_o read_v some_o lesson_n out_o of_o the_o old_a testament_n another_o than_o chant_v the_o psalm_n of_o david_n the_o people_n also_o chant_v in_o their_o turn_v after_o lesson_n follow_v out_o of_o the_o act_n and_o epistle_n then_o the_o gospel_n be_v read_v by_o a_o priest_n or_o a_o deacon_n all_o stand_a and_o afterward_o the_o exhortation_n be_v make_v by_o the_o priest_n and_o the_o bishop_n this_o be_v do_v and_o the_o catechuman_n etc._n etc._n dismiss_v the_o faithful_a turn_n towards_o the_o east_n join_v in_o prayer_n and_o then_o after_o that_o the_o oblation_n begin_v and_o other_o prayer_n be_v make_v and_o last_o the_o eucharist_n be_v celebrate_v so_o do_v these_o constitution_n give_v a_o true_a account_n of_o
ancient_a practice_n though_o under_o suppose_a name_n represent_v the_o psalmody_n to_o be_v perform_v most_o of_o it_o together_o as_o it_o stand_v until_o in_o the_o four_o century_n it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o council_n of_o laodicea_n 17._o laodicea_n can._n 17._o to_o be_v more_o intermix_v with_o lesson_n that_o the_o attention_n of_o the_o congregation_n may_v be_v the_o better_o refresh_v and_o secure_v by_o that_o variety_n this_o be_v the_o primitive_a order_n of_o the_o christian_a liturgy_n according_a to_o the_o general_a description_n we_o have_v of_o it_o for_o as_o to_o the_o lesser_a particular_n many_o no_o doubt_n there_o be_v and_o some_o of_o they_o such_o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o liturgy_n go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o st._n james_n st._n chrysostom_n etc._n etc._n §_o vi_o now_o the_o jew_n have_v their_o liturgy_n too_o and_o their_o morning_n devotion_n consist_v of_o several_a office_n 17._o office_n maim_v de_fw-fr prec_n cap._n 7._o 17._o and_o here_o first_o i_o may_v mention_v those_o occasional_a benediction_n they_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v make_v daily_o upon_o their_o wake_v hear_v the_o cock_n crow_n put_v on_o their_o clothes_n etc._n etc._n such_o as_o we_o intimate_v above_o and_o three_o and_o twenty_o of_o which_o they_o be_v direct_v to_o pronounce_v constant_o every_o day_n and_o which_o run_v in_o this_o form_n bless_a art_n or_o be_v thou_o o_o lord_n our_o god_n the_o king_n of_o the_o world_n who_o clothe_v the_o naked_a if_o they_o be_v put_v on_o their_o clothes_n or_o if_o they_o be_v cover_v their_o head_n who_o crown_v israel_n with_o honour_n or_o if_o they_o be_v tie_v their_o girdle_n who_o girde_a israel_n with_o strength_n but_o beside_o these_o benediction_n which_o be_v to_o be_v say_v apart_o and_o on_o their_o proper_a occasion_n only_o 7._o only_o ibid._n §._o 7._o though_o some_o synagogue_n be_v use_v to_o repeat_v they_o together_o as_o a_o office_n the_o next_o state_v duty_n be_v that_o of_o read_v some_o part_n of_o the_o law_n write_a or_o oral_a to_o which_o every_o one_o be_v every_o day_n oblige_v and_o this_o duty_n as_o all_o other_o be_v still_o to_o be_v prefaced_a and_o conclude_v with_o its_o proper_a prayer_n or_o benediction_n of_o which_o prefatory_a benediction_n the_o first_o for_o example_n be_v this_o bless_a be_v the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n who_o have_v sanctify_v we_o with_o his_o precept_n and_o have_v command_v we_o to_o study_v the_o law_n this_o office_n be_v not_o only_o private_a but_o public_o also_o discharge_v in_o the_o synagogue_n and_o read_v there_o next_o to_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o repeat_v the_o psalm_n which_o have_v to_o it_o benediction_n with_o which_o it_o begin_v and_o end_n and_o this_o duty_n be_v so_o acceptable_a that_o the_o practice_n of_o some_o be_v recommend_v who_o have_v daily_o repeat_v the_o whole_a book_n however_o the_o synagogue_n every_o day_n say_v over_o some_o psalm_n and_o especial_o on_o their_o sabbath_n and_o other_o great_a day_n to_o which_o also_o they_o general_o add_v some_o verse_n of_o the_o bible_n that_o be_v chief_o laudatory_a as_o in_o some_o place_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o conclude_v with_o the_o song_n at_o the_o red_a sea_n or_o with_o that_o of_o the_o 32d_o chapter_n of_o deuteronomy_n 13._o deuteronomy_n sect._n 12_o 13._o for_o it_o be_v in_o general_a to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o several_a place_n the_o usage_n be_v various_a as_o to_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o section_n and_o psalm_n and_o hymn_n after_o this_o duty_n there_o follow_v another_o of_o repeat_v the_o verse_n of_o the_o law_n they_o call_v shema_n from_o the_o first_o word_n of_o the_o first_o of_o they_o which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v their_o creed_n and_o begin_v thus_o hear_v o_o israel_n the_o lord_n thy_o god_n be_v one_o god_n this_o repetition_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o every_o morning_n and_o night_n wherever_o they_o be_v and_o it_o have_v too_o its_o proper_a benediction_n before_o and_o after_o and_o make_v up_o also_o a_o office_n in_o the_o synagogue_n these_o forementioned_a office_n may_v be_v different_o perform_v in_o different_a country_n according_a to_o their_o particular_a custom_n but_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o to_o which_o the_o other_o be_v but_o introductory_n be_v constant_a and_o state_v and_o uniform_o observe_v by_o all_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n be_v a_o formulary_a of_o short_a prayer_n now_o 19_o in_o number_n 18_o of_o which_o be_v dictate_v by_o esra_n as_o they_o say_v these_o collect_v be_v regular_o to_o be_v say_v by_o each_o of_o they_o at_o home_n or_o in_o public_a thrice_o every_o day_n and_o this_o office_n in_o the_o synagogue_n be_v always_o to_o be_v say_v for_o the_o great_a solemnity_n by_o the_o precentor_n or_o deputy_n of_o the_o congregation_n himself_o whereas_o the_o foregoing_a may_v have_v be_v read_v by_o a_o private_a person_n of_o those_o prayer_n or_o collect_v the_o three_o first_o and_o three_o last_o be_v most_o remarkable_a those_o speak_v the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o these_o return_a thanks_o 4._o thanks_o maim_v de_fw-fr prec_n cap._n 1._o §._o 4._o the_o other_o intermediate_n once_o be_v petitionary_a for_o understanding_n repentance_n pardon_v relief_n from_o their_o distress_n heal_v their_o infirmity_n give_v of_o seasonable_a plenty_n return_v from_o their_o captivity_n restoration_n of_o their_o government_n protection_n of_o good_a man_n reinhabit_v of_o jerusalem_n the_o come_v of_o the_o messiah_n etc._n etc._n the_o request_n gradual_o rise_v up_o according_a to_o origen_n abovementioned_a distinction_n of_o supplication_n prayer_n and_o intercession_n it_o be_v also_o further_o to_o be_v remark_v that_o though_o the_o three_o first_o collect_v be_v note_v to_o be_v whole_o doxological_a yet_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o to_o be_v think_v to_o want_v that_o duty_n all_o of_o they_o beginning_n or_o end_v with_o a_o benediction_n of_o god_n and_o the_o whole_a formulary_a being_n according_o call_v the_o 18_o or_o 19_o benediction_n as_o it_o be_v also_o prefaced_a with_o this_o versicle_n lord_n open_v thou_o our_o lip_n and_o our_o mouth_n shall_v show_v forth_o thy_o praise_n but_o the_o three_o of_o those_o prayer_n be_v more_o signal_o glorificatory_a when_o it_o be_v say_v in_o private_a refer_v to_o the_o hymn_n of_o the_o cherubin_n 3.12_o cherubin_n be_v 6._o ezek._n 3.12_o holy_a holy_a holy_a &c._n &c._n and_o when_o in_o public_a express_v it_o and_o there_o be_v also_o a_o solemn_a hymn_n of_o glory_n which_o they_o call_v the_o kadish_n pronounce_v particular_o by_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o assembly_n before_o and_o after_o every_o service_n formulis_fw-la service_n ord._n precum_fw-la subjunct_o libr._n 2â—o_o libri_fw-la jad_n chaz_n titulo_fw-la de_fw-la benedictionum_fw-la formulis_fw-la thus_o far_o go_v a_o ordinary_a morning_n service_n but_o on_o munday_n and_o thursdays_n there_o still_o follow_v a_o litany_n and_o such_o prayer_n be_v particular_o order_v to_o be_v pronounce_v from_o a_o low_a place_n 10._o place_n buxt_n syn._n j._n c._n 10._o after_o the_o litany_n on_o those_o day_n 14._o day_n buxt_n ibid._n c._n 14._o or_o after_o the_o office_n before_o describe_v when_o there_o be_v no_o litany_n as_o on_o the_o sabbath_n 16._o sabbath_n c._n 16._o the_o law_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o ark_n to_o the_o desk_n in_o great_a pomp_n and_o peculiar_a portion_n of_o it_o be_v read_v there_o by_o several_a with_o praevious_a and_o subsequent_a benediction_n of_o god_n and_o then_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o be_v carry_v back_o the_o people_n all_o the_o while_n stand_v and_o as_o the_o book_n come_v and_o go_v chant_v out_o some_o versicle_n and_o press_v to_o kiss_v it_o last_o on_o sabbath_n and_o other_o great_a day_n there_o follow_v another_o office_n the_o additional_a service_n peculiar_a to_o the_o festival_n consist_v now_o chief_o of_o the_o commemoration_n of_o the_o peculiar_a sacrifice_n on_o that_o day_n heretofore_o offer_v and_o this_o service_n of_o prayer_n though_o have_v some_o the_o same_o be_v separate_z and_o distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o daily_a morning_n prayer_n as_o the_o daily_a and_o the_o additional_a sacrifice_n however_o some_o thing_n in_o both_o may_v be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v never_o intermix_v and_o dispatch_v together_o for_o great_a speed_n and_o convenience_n but_o always_o separately_z offer_v and_o each_o office_n keep_v entire_a to_o itself_o 7._o itself_o maim_v de_fw-fr cult_a diu._n tract_n 6._o cap._n 7._o §_o vii_o now_o to_o this_o last_o describe_v jewish_a order_n of_o morning_n prayer_n so_o far_o do_v the_o ancient_a christian_a agree_v as_o to_o begin_v likewise_o with_o lection_n and_o psalmody_n and_o from_o the_o jewish_a custom_n of_o sit_v at_o the_o repeat_v of_o those_o psalm_n it_o be_v that_o such_o portion_n of_o the_o psaltery_a as_o
paschal_n letter_n agree_v with_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o jew_n §_o iii_o the_o ante-paschal_n preparation_n of_o christian_n answer_n to_o a_o like_a preparation_n of_o the_o jew_n before_o their_o day_n of_o expiation_n §_o i._o the_o festival_n which_o put_v a_o end_n to_o lent_n the_o solemnity_n of_o easter_n be_v know_v by_o all_o to_o be_v a_o imitation_n of_o the_o jewish_a passover_n and_o the_o resurrection-sunday_n to_o have_v come_v in_o the_o place_n of_o that_o great_a day_n on_o which_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n be_v release_v from_o their_o egyptian_a bondage_n and_o it_o be_v know_v likewise_o 1._o likewise_o vide_fw-la bucher_n de_fw-mi pasch_fw-mi jud._n cyclo_n cap._n 1._o that_o in_o the_o appoint_v of_o this_o paschal_n season_n the_o christian_n follow_v for_o some_o time_n the_o designation_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o that_o afterward_o when_o they_o find_v reason_n to_o regulate_v this_o matter_n by_o themselves_o they_o still_o keep_v to_o the_o same_o mosaic_a rule_n §_o ii_o now_o when_o the_o christian_n begin_v to_o use_v a_o common_a calculation_n of_o their_o own_o it_o be_v general_o the_o work_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o alexandria_n a_o place_n fame_v for_o astronomical_a learning_n to_o consider_v aforehand_o on_o what_o day_n of_o the_o common_a solar_a year_n the_o first_o month_n of_o the_o lunar_a year_n will_v happen_v to_o be_v the_o next_o spring_n and_o according_o to_o ascertain_v the_o easter_n sunday_n which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o first_o sunday_n after_o the_o fourteen_o day_n of_o that_o first_o month_n this_o the_o great_a bishop_n of_o several_a part_n learn_v usual_o from_o he_o of_o alexandria_n and_o timely_o notify_v to_o those_o of_o their_o province_n that_o they_o may_v know_v when_o to_o begin_v their_o preparatory_a devotion_n which_o attend_v that_o movable_a festival_n and_o this_o also_o be_v do_v as_o i_o conceive_v after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o jew_n for_o though_o when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o own_o country_n the_o lunar_a year_n be_v with_o they_o of_o common_a use_n yet_o they_o be_v still_o to_o learn_v when_o it_o shall_v begin_v for_o the_o first_o new_a moon_n be_v to_o be_v so_o place_v in_o the_o spring_n season_n that_o on_o the_o sixteenth_o day_n of_o it_o a_o sheaf_n of_o the_o first-fruit_n of_o the_o harvest_n may_v be_v present_v before_o the_o lord_n 23.10_o lord_n levit._fw-la 23.10_o etc._n etc._n 5._o etc._n maim_v de_fw-fr conseâ—r_fw-fr calend._n cap._n 4._o seld._n de_fw-fr an._n civ_o vet._n jud._n cap._n 5._o such_o thing_n therefore_o the_o priest_n as_o in_o other_o nation_n or_o the_o sanhedrim_n as_o the_o talmudist_n will_v have_v it_o be_v to_o consider_v and_o if_o the_o ordinary_a year_n of_o twelve_o lunar_a period_n fall_v short_a they_o be_v to_o lengthen_v it_o out_o with_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o thirteen_o and_o whether_o they_o will_v make_v such_o a_o intercalation_n or_o no_o it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v signify_v to_o the_o people_n 9_o people_n maim_v ibid._n seld._n libriejnsd_v cap._n 9_o some_o convenient_a time_n before_o that_o a_o suitable_a preparation_n may_v be_v make_v against_o that_o solemn_a feast_n to_o which_o every_o israelite_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v notice_n the_o jew_n want_v that_o live_v at_o any_o distance_n from_o jerusalem_n to_o order_v their_o affair_n so_o that_o their_o absence_n for_o some_o week_n at_o that_o time_n from_o home_n may_v be_v less_o incommodious_a however_o to_o make_v ready_a any_o residue_n of_o holy_a thing_n that_o may_v be_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o be_v to_o be_v spend_v at_o jerusalem_n to_o take_v care_n to_o have_v all_o their_o family_n circumcise_a to_o purify_v themselves_o if_o not_o to_o take_v up_o the_o lamb_n to_o discharge_v the_o vow_n of_o a_o nazarite_n if_o they_o have_v any_o such_o upon_o they_o to_o provide_v and_o to_o offer_v any_o eucharistical_a sacrifice_n that_o may_v be_v due_a and_o for_o some_o of_o these_o reason_n they_o common_o come_v up_o to_o the_o temple_n before_o the_o feast_n and_o the_o precedent_n week_n have_v its_o peculiar_a celebrity_n and_o probable_o all_o the_o fourteen_o day_n of_o that_o first_o month_n be_v half_a festival_n as_o have_v be_v intimate_v above_o 3._o above_o part_v 1_o ch._n 5._o §._o 3._o now_o such_o a_o notice_n be_v likewise_o necessary_a for_o the_o ante-paschal_n preparation_n the_o christian_n use_v though_o in_o a_o contrary_a manner_n for_o they_o as_o we_o have_v see_v 3._o see_v part_v 1_o ch._n 3._o spend_v some_o time_n before_o in_o fast_v all_o of_o they_o both_o the_o asiatic_n and_o those_o who_o differ_v from_o they_o and_o though_o some_o fast_v only_o one_o day_n yet_o other_o fast_v two_o other_o more_z say_v irenaeus_n and_o of_o they_o some_o forty_o this_o indeed_o be_v the_o account_n irenaeus_n give_v of_o his_o own_o and_o victor_n side_n but_o in_o all_o probability_n the_o asiatic_a manner_n of_o fast_v differ_v not_o from_o they_o in_o length_n of_o time_n for_o from_o that_o apostolical_a constitution_n cite_v by_o the_o audaean_o in_o epiphanius_n it_o have_v appear_v not_o unlikely_a e_o that_o those_o also_o of_o the_o asiatic_a manner_n oppose_v their_o fast_n to_o the_o festivity_n of_o the_o jew_n begin_v therefore_o their_o fast_n at_o least_o a_o week_n if_o not_o a_o fortnight_n before_o the_o 14_o day_n as_o the_o same_o opposition_n may_v have_v direct_v they_o to_o have_v keep_v the_o 50_o day_n after_o with_o great_a joy_n §_o iii_o but_o in_o this_o contrary_a manner_n of_o observe_v the_o antepaschal_n season_n opposition_n to_o the_o jew_n be_v not_o primary_o design_v neither_o be_v it_o further_o prosecute_v by_o the_o christian_n than_o they_o be_v lead_v to_o it_o by_o contrary_a cause_n for_o what_o ever_o reason_n the_o jew_n may_v have_v for_o their_o pentecostal_n sadness_n the_o resurrection_n of_o christ_n give_v his_o follower_n a_o great_a for_o joy_n and_o if_o the_o jew_n do_v exult_v in_o the_o death_n of_o their_o messiah_n the_o christian_n be_v certain_o to_o lament_v it_o this_o lamentation_n also_o of_o our_o saviour_n death_n as_o it_o be_v not_o make_v in_o consideration_n of_o any_o loss_n by_o they_o sustain_v so_o neither_o do_v it_o arise_v out_o of_o indignation_n against_o his_o mortal_a persecutor_n on_o his_o passion-day_n they_o fast_v and_o grieve_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o jew_n by_o which_o he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n but_o they_o bemoan_v also_o their_o other_o sin_n and_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o more_o especial_o their_o own_o those_o for_o which_o he_o suffer_v and_o which_o be_v all_o the_o more_o guilty_a and_o more_o hateful_a cause_n of_o his_o crucifixion_n in_o this_o abhorrence_n of_o all_o sin_n and_o penitential_a grief_n they_o spend_v the_o day_n of_o their_o lord_n death_n and_o for_o the_o better_a perform_v this_o duty_n then_o they_o prepare_v themselves_o by_o the_o abstinence_n and_o devotion_n of_o the_o season_n before_o this_o be_v the_o intention_n as_o well_o as_o practice_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n and_o this_o be_v their_o antepaschal_n preparation_n concur_v at_o least_o in_o time_n with_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n but_o the_o christian_n agree_v yet_o near_o with_o the_o jew_n in_o this_o whole_a action_n pass_v their_o time_n not_o indeed_o as_o the_o jew_n than_o do_v in_o that_o very_a season_n but_o as_o they_o do_v in_o another_o as_o solemn_a and_o in_o a_o occasion_n whole_o alike_o to_o the_o present_a circumstance_n of_o the_o christian_n that_o be_v the_o church_n of_o christ_n keep_v the_o day_n of_o the_o passion_n as_o the_o jew_n do_v the_o day_n of_o expiation_n and_o prepare_v for_o the_o one_o just_a after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v for_o the_o other_o for_o this_o be_v the_o conjecture_n i_o now_o offer_v that_o as_o many_o jewish_a ordinancy_n be_v pattern_n to_o the_o christian_n and_o as_o their_o sabbath_n and_o monday_n and_o thursday_n be_v remove_v to_o our_o sunday_n and_o wednesday_n and_o friday_n so_o their_o expiation_n day_n be_v transfer_v to_o our_o passion_n day_n accompany_v as_o it_o use_v to_o be_v attend_v with_o all_o its_o praevious_a office_n and_o this_o parallel_n tertullian_n we_o may_v remember_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o catholic_n have_v already_o suggest_v to_o we_o 2._o we_o part_v 1_o ch._n 4._o §_o 2._o though_o he_o do_v not_o speak_v it_o out_o when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o fast_a of_o the_o ten_o day_n of_o the_o seven_o month_n be_v abolish_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o day_n on_o which_o our_o saviour_n be_v take_v away_o be_v now_o determine_v to_o that_o duty_n this_o conjecture_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o approve_v by_o show_v first_o the_o correspondence_n between_o the_o expiation_n â—â—â—y_v of_o the_o jew_n
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v spina_n and_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v observe_v of_o the_o word_n relate_v to_o the_o abovementioned_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d have_v under_o it_o the_o signification_n not_o only_o of_o insula_n but_o also_o of_o recessus_fw-la seu_fw-la decrementum_fw-la aquae_fw-la vel_fw-la maris_fw-la and_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o well_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v a_o hedge_n now_o and_o may_v the_o thorn_n heretofore_o and_o withal_o express_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o bud_n which_o be_v mention_v by_o barnabas_n chap._n iii_o §_o i._o the_o devotional_a duty_n of_o the_o jew_n a_o their_o expiation_n day_n §_o ii_o practise_v by_o christian_n on_o the_o passion_n day_n §_o iii_o some_o circumstance_n of_o the_o eve_n of_o those_o day_n compare_v while_o this_o reconciliation_n be_v make_v in_o the_o temple_n at_o jerusalem_n the_o people_n even_o those_o who_o be_v not_o present_a at_o it_o have_v their_o part_n to_o perform_v and_o be_v to_o join_v with_o it_o wheresoever_o they_o reside_v fast_v that_o whole_a day_n and_o afflict_v their_o soul_n from_o evening_n to_o evening_n 23.32_o evening_n leu._n 23.32_o for_o whatsoever_o soul_n it_o be_v that_o be_v not_o afflict_v in_o that_o same_o day_n he_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o from_o among_o his_o people_n 29._o people_n 29._o now_o that_o they_o may_v be_v sure_a not_o to_o be_v defective_a in_o so_o necessary_a a_o duty_n they_o take_v care_n to_o begin_v the_o office_n of_o that_o day_n early_o than_o the_o sunset_n of_o the_o first_o evening_n and_o to_o conclude_v it_o late_a than_o that_o of_o the_o second_o the_o affliction_n also_o of_o their_o soul_n they_o show_v not_o by_o fast_v only_o but_o by_o all_o other_o demonstration_n of_o penitence_n and_o grief_n for_o sin_n and_o therefore_o for_o the_o better_a perform_v that_o duty_n as_o they_o prepare_v themselves_o some_o considerable_a time_n before_o of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o speak_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n so_o more_o particular_o on_o the_o nine_o day_n the_o day_n immediate_o precede_v for_o then_o they_o repair_v to_o their_o synagogue_n before_o day_n and_o continue_v long_o at_o their_o devotion_n there_o go_v afterward_o to_o their_o bury_v place_n for_o their_o great_a humiliation_n and_o in_o the_o afternoon_n they_o wash_v themselves_o confess_v their_o sin_n make_v ready_a their_o candle_n which_o they_o be_v present_o to_o use_v and_o particular_o take_v care_n to_o ask_v pardon_n of_o those_o they_o have_v injure_v and_o to_o make_v satisfaction_n then_o in_o the_o synagogue_n with_o other_o prayer_n they_o make_v a_o solemn_a confession_n of_o their_o sin_n and_o sometime_o receive_v from_o one_o another_o their_o forty_o stripe_n save_o one_o and_o afterward_o they_o return_v home_o and_o eat_v a_o formal_a supper_n thereby_o to_o distinguish_v that_o day_n from_o the_o follow_v in_o which_o they_o be_v neither_o to_o eat_v nor_o drink_v 25._o drink_v for_o this_o and_o what_o follow_v see_v buxt_v syn._n jud._n c._n 25._o and_o now_o before_o the_o night_n begin_v that_o great_a day_n be_v come_v they_o return_v to_o the_o synagogue_n set_v up_o and_o light_v their_o candle_n for_o each_o one_o and_o sometime_o two_o as_o both_o for_o their_o soul_n and_o their_o body_n and_o after_o proclamation_n be_v make_v of_o leave_n for_o the_o excommunicate_a to_o join_v with_o they_o they_o begin_v their_o solemn_a prayer_n of_o the_o day_n which_o they_o continue_v towards_o midnight_n some_o spend_v the_o whole_a night_n and_o repeat_v the_o whole_a psalter_n however_o before_o sunrising_n they_o come_v thither_o again_o and_o stay_v there_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n read_v out_o of_o the_o scripture_n and_o pray_v in_o which_o prayer_n they_o take_v care_n that_o their_o second_o service_n the_o sacrificial_a service_n for_o the_o day_n be_v say_v before_o noon_n after_o noon_n they_o begin_v the_o service_n of_o the_o evening_n continue_v their_o devotion_n till_o the_o sun_n be_v ready_a to_o set_v when_o they_o subjoin_v another_o office_n for_o the_o close_a of_o the_o day_n and_o peculiar_a to_o that_o day_n and_o then_o when_o the_o night_n of_o the_o next_o day_n be_v come_v they_o have_v the_o solemn_a blessing_n pronounce_v by_o the_o priest_n that_o be_v present_a and_o so_o be_v dismiss_v after_o this_o manner_n while_o the_o temple_n stand_v the_o jew_n heretofore_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v employ_v the_o day_n of_o expiation_n and_o not_o otherwise_o to_o have_v expect_v any_o benefit_n from_o the_o sacrifice_n which_o be_v then_o offer_v and_o by_o which_o all_o their_o sin_n be_v to_o be_v entire_o remit_v and_o since_o the_o destruction_n of_o their_o temple_n and_o cease_v of_o their_o sacrifice_n this_o their_o own_o office_n the_o jew_n still_o continue_v and_o impute_v so_o much_o to_o their_o due_a performance_n of_o it_o as_o to_o think_v 2._o think_v rep._n 1._o ch._n 9_o §._o 2._o that_o the_o punishment_n of_o many_o offence_n be_v entire_o forgive_v and_o of_o the_o rest_n at_o least_o suspend_v by_o that_o alone_a and_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o expiatory_a goat_n which_o be_v now_o want_v §_o ii_o now_o as_o it_o be_v certain_a what_o be_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o chapter_n forego_v that_o the_o day_n of_o our_o saviour_n passion_n be_v the_o great_a and_o last_o day_n of_o expiation_n when_o that_o one_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n be_v make_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o of_o all_o age_n by_o that_o our_o great_a and_o catholic_n high_a priest_n 49._o priest_n tert._n adv_o marc._n 49._o so_o be_v it_o not_o to_o be_v question_v but_o that_o the_o whole_a world_n have_v it_o then_o know_v what_o propitiation_n our_o bless_a lord_n be_v make_v for_o they_o will_v have_v join_v the_o affliction_n of_o their_o own_o soul_n with_o that_o his_o bitter_a passion_n and_o will_v in_o their_o several_a habitation_n have_v accompany_v his_o oblation_n for_o their_o sin_n with_o their_o own_o confession_n of_o they_o with_o bitter_a grief_n for_o their_o commission_n and_o strong_a and_o earnest_a supplication_n for_o their_o pardon_n this_o all_o mankind_n can_v not_o have_v fail_v to_o have_v do_v on_o that_o day_n have_v they_o but_o know_v what_o our_o saviour_n be_v then_o do_v for_o they_o but_o that_o then_o be_v hide_v from_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o when_o therefore_o the_o mystery_n of_o his_o death_n come_v to_o be_v reveal_v and_o the_o propitiation_n of_o that_o day_n be_v make_v know_v if_o his_o disciple_n think_v fit_a to_o keep_v a_o annual_a memorial_n of_o it_o and_o that_o duty_n the_o paschal_n season_n of_o the_o jew_n so_o solemn_o keep_v can_v not_o but_o suggest_v to_o christian_n they_o can_v not_o neither_o fail_n of_o solemnize_n the_o return_n of_o that_o day_n with_o that_o profound_a veneration_n of_o our_o suffer_a lord_n and_o that_o penitential_a supplicatory_a devotion_n to_o the_o father_n which_o the_o original_a day_n itself_o will_v have_v require_v from_o they_o now_o that_o such_o a_o day_n be_v keep_v yearly_a in_o memory_n of_o the_o passion_n of_o our_o lord_n in_o the_o first_o and_o apostolical_a age_n be_v a_o truth_n which_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o discourse_n may_v have_v clear_v to_o we_o 3._o we_o part_v 1_o chap._n 3._o and_o that_o it_o be_v all_o along_o observe_v with_o as_o great_a a_o strictness_n of_o fast_v and_o humiliation_n as_o the_o jew_n themselves_o use_v on_o their_o day_n of_o propitiation_n be_v likewise_o manifest_a as_o it_o be_v also_o most_o certain_a that_o the_o grief_n and_o affliction_n they_o then_o be_v under_o be_v not_o for_o the_o death_n and_o loss_n of_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n but_o for_o the_o gild_n of_o their_o sin_n and_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o world_n for_o which_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n have_v that_o day_n suffer_v so_o much_o correspondence_n there_o be_v most_o evident_o between_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o of_o the_o christian_n on_o their_o two_o great_a fast_a day_n thus_o shall_v our_o saviour_n expiatory_a sacrifice_n which_o complete_v and_o supersede_v the_o jewish_a have_v be_v attend_v answerable_o and_o thus_o actual_o be_v the_o annual_o memory_n of_o it_o afterward_o celebrate_v with_o a_o suitable_a devotion_n and_o this_o though_o not_o do_v by_o the_o primitive_a church_n in_o virtue_n of_o any_o such_o strict_a injunction_n as_o that_o under_o the_o old_a covenant_n may_v yet_o be_v well_o take_v up_o upon_o the_o cogent_a reason_n of_o so_o just_a a_o congruity_n and_o as_o the_o jew_n continue_v their_o devotional_a office_n now_o when_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n a_o end_n be_v put_v to_o the_o sacrificial_a so_o
find_v a_o full_a and_o a_o high_a correspondence_n not_o only_o in_o a_o weekly_a but_o in_o a_o forty_o season_n and_o that_o likewise_o of_o penitential_a duty_n for_o first_o the_o jew_n prepare_v themselves_o for_o the_o day_n of_o propitiation_n more_o particular_o the_o week_n before_o it_o they_o rise_v before_o light_n assist_v at_o public_a prayer_n confess_v their_o sin_n thrice_o every_o day_n fast_o and_o give_v alm_n 26._o alm_n â—or_a this_o whole_a section_n see_v buxt_v s._n j._n cap._n 26._o and_o as_o the_o people_n fit_v themselves_o in_o a_o more_o especial_a manner_n by_o the_o devotion_n of_o those_o seven_o day_n for_o the_o solemn_a act_n of_o humiliation_n command_v they_o by_o moses_n so_o they_o tell_v we_o the_o high_a priest_n heretofore_o employ_v the_o same_o week_n in_o a_o continual_a exercise_n of_o his_o office_n that_o he_o may_v be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o discharge_v the_o difficult_a duty_n of_o the_o great_a day_n 1._o day_n jomâ—_n cap._n 1._o the_o sabbath_n also_o of_o that_o week_n they_o distinguish_v by_o a_o peculiar_a title_n and_o call_v it_o the_o sabbath_n of_o repentance_n thus_o the_o jew_n pass_v the_o seven_o precede_a day_n and_o so_o leo_n de_fw-fr modena_n 6._o modena_n câ—r_n des_fw-fr juif_fw-mi p._n 3._o c._n 6._o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o rest_n for_o though_o all_o the_o ten_o of_o that_o seven_o month_n be_v call_v the_o ten_o day_n of_o repentance_n reckon_v the_o day_n of_o expiation_n for_o one_o yet_o the_o two_o first_o be_v in_o some_o manner_n festival_n be_v the_o first_o of_o their_o political_a year_n and_o on_o they_o they_o abstain_v not_o from_o dinner_n and_o supper_n for_o which_o reason_n they_o may_v not_o be_v esteem_v as_o penitential_a as_o the_o seven_o that_o follow_v these_o ten_o day_n be_v constant_o so_o observe_v by_o all_o jew_n the_o last_o the_o ten_o by_o scriptural_a precept_n and_o the_o other_o by_o universal_a custom_n and_o further_o to_o these_o be_v add_v out_o of_o the_o forego_n month_n ordinary_o a_o week_n at_o least_o say_v leo_n de_fw-fr modena_n for_o even_o the_o german_a jew_n begin_v their_o humiliation_n as_o early_o according_a to_o a_o particular_a rule_n they_o have_v 10.34.3_o have_v morin_n de_fw-fr poen_n 10.34.3_o but_o other_o nation_n general_o take_v more_o time_n to_o that_o solemn_a office_n and_o frequent_o devout_a person_n begin_v from_o the_o first_o day_n even_o of_o this_o precede_a month_n to_o fast_o to_o make_v prayer_n and_o confession_n to_o repeat_v the_o penitential_a psalm_n and_o to_o give_v alm_n continue_v so_o to_o do_v the_o whole_a forty_o day_n however_o all_o jew_n begin_v their_o penitential_a devotion_n the_o first_o day_n of_o that_o month_n the_o forty_o day_n before_o the_o expiation_n though_o they_o may_v afterward_o discontinue_v in_o the_o intermediate_v time_n on_o that_o day_n also_o they_o begin_v to_o blow_v the_o horn_n in_o their_o synagogue_n which_o they_o do_v every_o day_n that_o month_n for_o a_o alarm_n they_o say_v that_o they_o may_v repent_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o meet_v the_o judgement_n of_o god_n who_o according_a to_o their_o tradition_n sit_v in_o judgement_n the_o ten_o day_n of_o the_o next_o month._n §_o ii_o i_o have_v mention_v their_o opinion_n of_o god_n judge_v the_o world_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o their_o seven_o month_n and_o it_o may_v seem_v thence_o that_o their_o custom_n of_o give_v notice_n by_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o horn_n may_v rather_o respect_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o month_n tisri_n than_o the_o ten_o day_n of_o it_o and_o be_v rather_o the_o warn_v of_o thirty_o than_o of_o forty_o day_n but_o this_o suspicion_n if_o it_o shall_v arise_v will_v receive_v easy_a satisfaction_n from_o another_o concurrent_a tradition_n of_o the_o jew_n universal_o receive_v by_o they_o that_o moses_n go_v up_o upon_o the_o mount_n the_o last_o time_n on_o the_o first_o day_n of_o their_o six_o month_n and_o return_v again_o to_o they_o with_o the_o second_o copy_n of_o the_o law_n on_o the_o forty_o after_o the_o ten_o of_o the_o seven_o their_o expiation_n day_n â—itand_n day_n rab._n salom._n in_o locum_fw-la deuter._n proximè_fw-la â—itand_n now_o when_o he_o go_v up_o he_o command_v a_o horn_n as_o they_o say_v to_o be_v sound_v through_o the_o camp_n to_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o people_n on_o what_o errand_n he_o be_v go_v that_o they_o may_v not_o again_o commit_v the_o like_a abomination_n in_o memory_n of_o which_o they_o now_o still_o sound_v it_o and_o we_o beside_o know_v from_o better_a authority_n 9.18_o authority_n deut._n 9.18_o that_o moses_n spend_v these_o forty_o day_n and_o forty_o night_n in_o fast_v and_o supplication_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n so_o that_o we_o be_v rather_o to_o think_v that_o they_o have_v since_o in_o some_o measure_n follow_v his_o pious_a example_n and_o that_o on_o the_o day_n of_o his_o ascent_n they_o begin_v to_o prepare_v for_o that_o of_o his_o descent_n which_o in_o their_o opinion_n be_v the_o ten_o of_o tisri_n and_o on_o which_o they_o have_v be_v since_o command_v always_o to_o afflict_v themselves_o before_o the_o lord_n at_o least_o one_o day_n and_o night_n the_o forty_o day_n therefore_o here_o be_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o accidental_a number_n and_o the_o bare_a aggregate_v of_o thirty_o and_o ten_o but_o as_o they_o make_v up_o direct_o a_o full_a penitential_a season_n and_o indeed_o that_o number_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v very_o ancient_o appropriate_v to_o penance_n and_o humiliation_n for_o not_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o forty_o day_n by_o which_o god_n drown_v the_o world_n 7.4_o world_n gen._n 7.4_o or_o the_o forty_o year_n in_o which_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n do_v penance_n in_o the_o wilderness_n 14.34_o wilderness_n numb_a 14.34_o or_o the_o forty_o stripe_n 25.3_o stripe_n deut._n 25.3_o by_o which_o malefactor_n be_v to_o be_v correct_v though_o these_o instance_n may_v concur_v to_o strengthen_v the_o opinion_n whoever_o consider_v that_o moses_n do_v not_o once_o only_o fast_o this_o number_n of_o day_n 25._o day_n deut._n 9.9_o 18_o 25._o that_o elias_n fast_v also_o in_o that_o wilderness_n by_o the_o same_o space_n 1.19.8_o space_n king_n 1.19.8_o that_o the_o ninevite_n have_v precise_o as_o many_o day_n allow_v for_o their_o repentance_n 3.4_o repentance_n jon._n 3.4_o and_o that_o last_o our_o bless_a saviour_n when_o he_o be_v please_v to_o fast_a observe_v the_o same_o length_n of_o time_n 4.2_o time_n matth._n 4.2_o whoever_o i_o say_v consider_v these_o fact_n can_v but_o think_v that_o this_o number_n of_o day_n be_v use_v by_o they_o all_o as_o the_o common_a solemn_a number_n belong_v to_o extraordinary_a humiliation_n and_o that_o those_o be_v accustom_a to_o afflict_v themselves_o forty_o day_n who_o will_v deprecate_v any_o great_a and_o heavy_a judgement_n though_o the_o scripture_n do_v not_o specify_v the_o number_n as_o those_o we_o know_v p_o who_o have_v a_o nazaritical_a vow_n upon_o they_o be_v use_v to_o observe_v thirty_o day_n though_o the_o scripture_n have_v not_o neither_o determine_v that_o space_n and_o this_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o st._n jerom_n a_o father_n much_o verse_v in_o the_o jewish_a knowledge_n have_v express_o aver_v in_o his_o comment_n on_o ionas_n where_o he_o say_v that_o forty_o be_v the_o number_n proper_a for_o penitent_n and_o fast_v and_o prayer_n &c._n &c._n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n moses_n fast_v forty_o day_n and_o so_o elias_n and_o likewise_o our_o bless_a lord_n etc._n etc._n as_o may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a in_o the_o passage_n already_o exscribe_v above_o 2._o above_o part_v 1_o ch._n 8._o §._o 2._o this_o be_v there_o positive_o and_o in_o good_a earnest_n say_v by_o st._n jerom_n as_o the_o reason_n of_o those_o example_n though_o mr._n daille_n put_v it_o off_o r_o as_o if_o the_o good_a father_n have_v play_v upon_o they_o while_o hâ—_n himself_o rather_o play_v with_o the_o father_n and_o according_a to_o this_o the_o penance_n of_o forty_o day_n be_v very_o frequent_a in_o the_o modern_a penitential_o of_o the_o jew_n as_o we_o have_v also_o see_v before_o 2._o before_o rep._n 1._o ch._n 9_o §._o 2._o be_v there_o general_o enjoin_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o great_a transgression_n and_o to_o go_v yet_o a_o little_a further_o in_o this_o matter_n i_o can_v tell_v whether_o the_o forty_o day_n which_o our_o bless_a saviour_n himself_o fast_v in_o the_o wilderness_n be_v not_o so_o pass_v by_o he_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o penitential_a fast_o for_o the_o baptism_n of_o john_n be_v know_v to_o be_v a_o baptism_n of_o repentance_n 19.4_o repentance_n act_n 19.4_o prepare_v for_o the_o messiah_n to_o come_v and_o it_o may_v not_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o suppose_v that_o by_o it_o
may_v the_o christian_n think_v fit_a to_o keep_v up_o a_o yearly_a memory_n of_o that_o their_o sacrifice_n who_o offering_n be_v once_o make_v and_o never_o to_o be_v reiterated_a but_o its_o efficacy_n be_v to_o endure_v for_o ever_o they_o likewise_o observe_v this_o solemnity_n not_o with_o any_o ritual_a form_n but_o with_o such_o eternal_a duty_n of_o penitence_n and_o supplication_n as_o be_v always_o incumbent_a upon_o we_o miserable_a sinner_n which_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n will_v perpetual_o require_v and_o his_o goodness_n in_o our_o saviour_n accept_v §_o iii_o there_o seem_v therefore_o to_o be_v reason_n enough_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n from_o that_o mysterious_a suffer_v of_o our_o lord_n and_o the_o consequent_a practice_n of_o his_o primitive_a servant_n to_o find_v the_o continue_a solemnity_n of_o the_o passion_n day_n upon_o its_o correspondence_n with_o the_o levitical_a day_n of_o propitiation_n neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o i_o shall_v justify_v the_o parallel_n by_o produce_v any_o like_a opinion_n of_o the_o first_o christian_n to_o that_o we_o have_v see_v of_o the_o jew_n concern_v the_o necessity_n and_o merit_n of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o day_n when_o the_o one_o be_v observe_v only_o as_o proper_a and_o expedient_a though_o in_o the_o judgement_n probable_o of_o those_o who_o have_v the_o spirit_n of_o god_n and_o the_o other_o as_o positive_o command_v by_o god_n himself_o and_o yet_o so_o far_o do_v the_o first_o christian_n seem_v to_o regard_v the_o virtue_n of_o a_o jewish_a expiation_n day_n in_o their_o practice_n about_o their_o own_o that_o they_o still_o determine_v the_o ordinary_a state_v period_n of_o the_o penance_n of_o eject_v brethren_n with_o the_o penitence_n of_o good_a friday_n and_o the_o follow_a saturday_n both_o which_o be_v the_o day_n of_o our_o lord_n passion_n as_o if_o by_o that_o their_o conversion_n be_v consummate_v and_o the_o pardon_n of_o the_o church_n entire_o gain_v and_o when_o they_o readmit_v penitent_n on_o maundy_n thursday_n as_o be_v the_o ancient_a usage_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o it_o may_v be_v of_o all_o other_o they_o do_v not_o therefore_o depart_v from_o this_o their_o parallel_n with_o the_o expiation_n day_n but_o rather_o confirm_v it_o for_o the_o jew_n as_o we_o have_v see_v 3._o see_v rep._n 1._o ch._n 5._o §._o 3._o on_o the_o eve_n of_o their_o expiation_n relax_v their_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n and_o admit_v all_o to_o the_o office_n of_o the_o next_o day_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o christian_n may_v admit_v their_o excommunicate_n to_o the_o office_n of_o both_o passion_n day_n and_o even_o those_o who_o they_o do_v not_o afterward_o suffer_v to_o continue_v in_o their_o communion_n the_o office_n of_o the_o passion_n day_n or_o day_n i_o mean_v which_o consist_v in_o confession_n and_o supplication_n for_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o in_o the_o early_a time_n the_o reconcile_v penitent_n be_v not_o admit_v to_o the_o sacrament_n of_o our_o lord_n body_n and_o blood_n until_o easter-day_n the_o supper_n likewise_o which_o be_v use_v to_o be_v hold_v solemn_o on_o that_o thursday_n though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o imitation_n only_o of_o our_o lord_n supper_n yet_o it_o may_v also_o have_v proceed_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o jew_n on_o their_o expiation_n eve_n which_o we_o mention_v above_o for_o they_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o their_o penitential_a preparation_n towards_o the_o propitiation_n day_n do_v always_o make_v a_o solemn_a supper_n and_o think_v it_o as_o much_o their_o duty_n to_o eat_v well_o on_o that_o evening_n as_o on_o the_o sabbath_n that_o be_v in_o their_o opinion_n a_o duty_n of_o the_o afternoon_n as_o strict_a fast_n be_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o follow_a day_n so_o agreeable_a be_v the_o supper_n of_o passion_n thursday_n to_o the_o supper_n of_o the_o jew_n on_o the_o eve_n of_o their_o expiation_n and_o more_o agreeable_a than_o to_o the_o last_o supper_n of_o our_o bless_a lord_n which_o if_o we_o go_v by_o jewish_a custom_n be_v hold_v after_o night_n and_o in_o their_o reckon_n therefore_o rather_o on_o the_o friday_n than_o on_o the_o thursday_n agreeable_a i_o say_v as_o to_o the_o time_n for_o as_o to_o the_o freedom_n of_o eat_v i_o suppose_v it_o differ_v much_o from_o that_o jewish_a meal_n but_o those_o asiatic_n 3._o asiatic_n part_v 1_o ch._n 1._o §._o 3._o who_o differ_v from_o the_o other_o church_n both_o in_o their_o observe_v the_o 14_o day_n with_o the_o jew_n whatever_o day_n of_o the_o week_n it_o shall_v be_v and_o also_o in_o break_v off_o their_o fast_a that_o day_n may_v possible_o in_o this_o point_n have_v as_o much_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o jew_n for_o one_o season_n as_o they_o do_v their_o calculation_n for_o the_o other_o for_o those_o of_o asia_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o opinion_n of_o which_o their_o follower_n in_o epiphanius_n m._n epiphanius_n part_v 1_o ch._n 5._o §._o 3._o lit_fw-fr m._n certain_o be_v and_o which_o many_o other_o church_n have_v also_o embrace_v that_o our_o saviour_n suffer_v on_o the_o 15_o day_n of_o nisan_fw-la neither_o be_v it_o likely_a that_o they_o do_v not_o fast_o on_o that_o day_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v break_v it_o off_o before_o for_o such_o a_o neglect_n no_o doubt_n can_v not_o have_v be_v pass_v over_o unobserved_a by_o their_o adversary_n and_o will_v have_v draw_v upon_o they_o the_o censure_n of_o victor_n more_o than_o either_o of_o the_o other_o difference_n and_o beside_o we_o know_v their_o now_o mention_a follower_n do_v actual_o so_o fast_o ay_o i_o suppose_v therefore_o that_o their_o break_v off_o the_o fast_a be_v not_o a_o determination_n of_o it_o but_o a_o interruption_n by_o such_o a_o supper_n and_o that_o this_o their_o meal_n be_v formal_a and_o full_a and_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o feast_n and_o so_o repute_v whereas_o the_o supper_n if_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o christian_n be_v a_o spare_a refreshment_n and_o such_o as_o in_o comparison_n with_o the_o other_o meal_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o discontinue_v the_o abstinence_n of_o the_o season_n as_o since_o it_o have_v not_o be_v think_v to_o do_v to_o these_o lesser_a particular_n by_o which_o some_o indication_n of_o a_o propitiation_n day_n may_v appear_v i_o shall_v last_o add_v another_o custom_n to_o be_v read_v in_o the_o ordo_fw-la romanus_n their_o custom_n of_o strike_v of_o fire_n and_o light_v up_o their_o candle_n very_o solemn_o in_o the_o evening_n of_o the_o same_o passion_n thursday_n for_o whatever_o other_o reason_n it_o may_v have_v have_v for_o its_o institution_n it_o do_v also_o very_a well_o correspond_v with_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o jew_n who_o take_v as_o we_o have_v observe_v very_o particular_a care_n to_o have_v their_o candle_n ready_a against_o their_o propitiation_n eve_n with_o which_o that_o night_n their_o synagogue_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o enlighten_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v offer_v to_o show_v the_o resemblance_n our_o passion-day_n bear_v to_o the_o jew_n expiation_n day_n both_o in_o itself_o and_o some_o rite_n of_o the_o day_n immediate_o precede_v it_o i_o be_o now_o to_o go_v high_o and_o to_o consider_v at_o large_a the_o whole_a previous_a season_n call_v common_o lend_v how_o well_o it_o agree_v with_o the_o like_a preparatory_a season_n of_o the_o jew_n before_o their_o day_n of_o expiation_n chap._n iu._n §_o i._o a_o penitential_a season_n with_o the_o jew_n preparatory_a to_o their_o expiation_n day_n some_o certain_a day_n next_o before_o it_o keep_v vniformly_n by_o all_o more_o also_o general_o though_o in_o various_a number_n and_o forty_o by_o many_o but_o the_o first_o of_o the_o forty_o universal_o observe_v §_o ii_o forty_o day_n a_o solemn_a space_n of_o penitence_n in_o the_o jewish_a discipline_n §_o iii_o the_o christian_a lent_n compare_v with_o the_o jewish_a §_o i._o that_o the_o jew_n have_v a_o antepaschal_n season_n if_o not_o of_o a_o fortnight_n yet_o of_o a_o week_n and_o particular_o that_o the_o sabbath_n of_o that_o week_n be_v call_v the_o great_a sabbath_n we_o have_v observe_v before_o 3._o before_o p._n 1._o ch._n 5._o §._o 3._o whence_o appear_v a_o conformity_n between_o they_o and_o the_o christian_n those_o especial_o who_o reckon_v by_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n and_o not_o of_o the_o week_n in_o point_n of_o holy_a time_n though_o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o one_o be_v general_o festival_n and_o of_o the_o other_o altogether_o penitential_a but_o when_o we_o once_o suppose_v the_o day_n of_o our_o lord_n passion_n to_o have_v be_v the_o day_n of_o expiation_n and_o come_v to_o consider_v the_o preparatory_a time_n that_o usher_v in_o this_o solemn_a day_n we_o then_o begin_v to_o