Elizabeth the Seventh Daughter of K. Edw. the First and was at the Parliament at Northampton Created Earl of Ormond And yet I have seen a Patent Dated 6 Edw. 3. Lib. G. Lambeth and exemplified 38 Edw. 3. Whereby James Butler is Created Earl of Ormond and Ten Pound per annum out of the Fee-Farm of Waterford granted to him for Creation-Money And now the Lord William Burk and Arnold Poer returned into Ireland and a Parliament was call'd at Dublin to compleat the Reconciliation between them on the one side and the Butlers Geraldines and Birminghams on the other which it seems was begun at the aforesaid Parliament at Northampton and now effected at this Parliament in Ireland Whereupon the Earl of Vlster made a great Feast in the Castle of Dublin and the next day after the Lord Maurice fitz-Fitz-Thomas did the like at St. Patricks-Church although it was in the time of Lent But a strange Accident fell out at this Parliament for the Lord Justice was forc'd to purge himself of Heresie Camb. 182. which the Bishop of Ossory laid to his Charge because he had abetted one Sir Arnold Poer whom the Bishop had condemned of certain Heretical Opinions But the Lord Justice made appear that the Bishops Proceedings were partial and unjust in favour of a Kinsman of the Bishops who began the Quarrel with Poer and that therefore he the Justice supported the Cause of the Oppressed and so after a very solemn Purgation the Lord Justice was acquitted and declared a true Son of the Church whereupon he made a great Feast for all Comers Nevertheless the unfortunate Poer who had been taken by the Kings Writ De Excommunicato capiendo grounded on the Bishops Certificate died in Prison before this Matter was fully adjusted and his Carcass was a long time kept above ground and unburied because he died unassoiled Sir John Darcy 1329. Lord Justice in whose time Macoghegan of Meath and other Irishmen of Leinster O Bryan of Thomond and his Confederates in Munster broke out into Rebellion and yet this common Calamity could not unite the English although their own Experience had taught them and frequent Instances have convinced the succeeding Ages since that the English never suffered any great Loss or Calamity in Ireland but by Civil Dissentions and Disagreement amongst themselves June 10. 1329. when the Earl of Louth and many other of the Birminghams Talbot of Malahide and an hundred and sixty Englishmen were murdered by the Treachery of their own Countreymen the Savages Davis 135. Gernons c. at Balibragan in Vrgile and when the Barryes and Roches in Munster did as much for James Fitz-Robert Keating the Lord Philip Hodnet Fragm 10. and Hugh Condon with an hundred and forty of their Followers what wonder is it if Macoghegan defeated the Lord Thomas Butler and others August 8. near Molingar to their loss of an hundred and forty of their Men Or if Sir Simon Genevil lost seventy six of his Soldiers in Carbry in the County of Kildare or if Brian O Bryan ravaged over all the Country and burnt the Towns of Athessel and Typerary However Holingsh 70. the Irish grew so Insolent and Outragious upon these small Victories that they shewed but little regard to God or Man In the Church of Freinston they found about fourscore People at their Devotions Cambden ad annum it seems the miserable Wretches well acquainted with the cruelty of these ungovernable Soldiers did not expect to escape their Fury 1331. and therefore made it their only Petition to save the Life of the Priest Lib. P. Lamb. but these Ruffians were deaf to all Supplications for Mercy the Priest was the first Man they wounded and after they had spurned the Host with their Feet they compleated their Sacrilege by burning the Church Priest People and all Nor did they regard the Ecclesiastical Censures nor the Pope's Interdict which afterwards issued against them on the contrary in all their Actions they manifested an entire contempt both of Ethicks and Christianity so that one would think the Poet prophesied of these Men when he said Nulla fides pietasve viris qui castra sequuntur But Pride will have a fall and Providence will certainly triumph over the Wickedness of Men in a proper Season and commonly Methods unexpected whereof this unruly Multitude is one Instance For the Men of Wexford by their imminent Ruine rendred desperat entertain'd a Skirmish with this formidable Rabble Cambd. 185. and had the good Luck to kill four hundred of them and the rest surprized with a pannick Fear on this unexpected Defeat ran away in such a confused and hudling manner that most of them were drowned in the River Slane and have left a just Occasion for this true Remark That huffing and insolent Men are always Cowards and if this be true any where in the World it is true in Ireland Camb. 183. Sir Philip Stanton had the ill Luck to be slain by the Irish and Sir Henry Traherne by the Means of Onolan was surprized in his own House at Kilbeg But in Revenge of it the Earl of Ormond burnt Foghird in Onolan's Country and the Lord Justice prosecuted the O Birnes so effectually that after the Slaughter of some of the best of them they were forced to submit But the Lord Justice finding himself too weak to deal with such a vast number of Rebels as were now in Arms in all parts of the Kingdom he invited Maurice afterwards Earl of Desmond to take the Field and promised him the King's Pay January 1329 Maurice came accordingly with a very considerable Army Fragment 9. and advanced against the Onolans he routed them and burnt their Country so that they were forced to submit and give Hostages He did the like to the O Morroughs and took the Castle of Ley from the O Dempsâ—es But the Lord Justice was not ablâ— to pay so great an Army being near ten thousand Men 〈◊〉 therefore he was fain to connive at their extorting Coyn anâ— Livery which now was first practised by the English But the Irish had used that barbarous Oppression long before and perhaps from the beginning as appears by the fourth Constitution of the Synod of Cashel Ante pag. 23. I have seen the Copy of a Patent Lib. CCC dated March 1. 3. Edw. 3. Lambeth constituting the Earl of Ormond Lord Lieutenant of Ireland but I find nothing more of it any where else But the same Year Typerary was made a Palatinate The Irish had again petitioned the King for a general Liberty to use the English Laws Davis 103. whereupon the King sent a Writ to the Lord Justice 22 Aug. to consult the Parliament in Ireland 2 Edw. 3. and to advise him of their Opinions in that Matter And by another Writ of the same Date the King orders the Justice and the Chancellor to supervise the Exchequer twice every
the King appointed no small Provision was made for so eager a Combat as that was presupposed to have been But when the prefixed Day approached near Vescie turning his great Boast to small Roast began to cry Creak and secretly sailed into France King Edward thereof advertised bestowed Vescies Lordships of Kildare and Rathingan on the Baron of Ophaly saying That albeit Vescie conveyed his Person into France yet he left his Lands behind him in Ireland Mr. Pryn makes an Observation on this Case Pryn 259. as if an Appeal between Vescie and Fitz-Girald in Ireland had been adjourned to England But to make the Remark useful it is necessary not only to consider what he says but also to consult the Records which he cites William Hay 1294. Lord Deputy to whom a Writ was sent to admit Thomas Saintleger Bishop of Meath to be of the Privy Council And not long after John Fitz-Thomas return'd to Ireland big with Glory and Success which transported him to a Contempt of all his Opposers he began with Richard Burk Cambdens Ann. Earl of Vlster whom together with William Burk he took Prisoners in Meath by the assistance of John Delamere and confined them to the Castle of Ley. But he had not so good luck in Kildare which was made the Seat of the War so that between the English and Irish it was entirely wasted the Castle of Kildare was also taken and the Records of that County burnt by Calwagh Brother to the King of Ophaly And these Misfortunes were accompanied with great Dearth and Pestilence William Dodingzel Lord Justice found Work enough to struggle with these Difficulties and the rather because John Fitz-Thomas appeared again with a great Army in Meath But the Parliament soon after met at Kilkenny 1294. and obliged him to release the Earl of Vlster taking his two Sons Hostages for him And it seems that this did not satisfie the Complainants but that they impeached him at the Parliament in England Lib. GGG 23 E. 1. for divers Offences and Felonies done in Ireland Lambeth He protested he could clear himself by Law but because he would not Prin 259. cum ipso Domino Rege placitare he submits himself wholly to the King's Favour 1295. into which he was received upon Pledges for his future demeanour and 't is probable he was also obliged to release his Claim to the Castle of Sligo and other his Lands in Connaught which was the Occasion of all this Stir About Easter the King built the Castle of Beaumorris in Wales 1295. for the better security of a Passage to and from Ireland And about the same time Bishop Vsher's life 34. the King required Aid to marry his Sister to the Emperour and such as did contribute thereunto are mentioned in the Pipe-Rolls of the Exchequer In the mean time on the third Day of April the Lord Justice died and during the Interval of Government the Irish made use of the Opportunity and wasted great part of Leinster burnt Newcastle and many other Towns But at length the Council chose Thomas Fitz-Maurice Fitz-Girald Lord Justice he was nicknamed Nappagh Simiacus or the Ape because when his Father and Grand-Father were murdered Frier Russel M. S. at Calan the Servants on the news of it run out of the House as if distracted and left this Thomas in the Cradle whereupon an Ape which was kept in the House took up the Child and carried him to the top of the Castle of Traly and brought him down Safe and laid him in the Cradle to the admiration of all the Beholders This Lord Justice was Father of the first Earl of Desmond and was so great a Man that he is often styled Prince and Ruler of Munster But it seems he supplyed the Place of Lord Justice but a very short time for John Wogan 1295. Lord Justice arrived from England on the eighteenth of October He made a Truce for two Years between the Burks and the Giraldines and received a Writ to take the Fealty of the Abbot of Owny in the County of Limerick and having called a Parliament which it seems setled Matters to his Mind he went with a smart Party to aid the King in Scotland His Majesty nobly feasted them at Roxborough Castle and they in requital did the King very good Service But that you may see what sort of Parliaments were in Ireland in those Days I will present the Reader with a List of this Parliament Richard de Burgo Earl ofVlster Geofry de Genevil John fitz-Fitz-Thomas afterwards Earl of Kildare Thomas Fitz-Maurice Nappagh Theobald le Butler Theobald de Verdun Peter de Brimingham of Athenry Peter de Brimingham of Thetmoy Eustace de Poer John de Poer Hugh de Purcel John de Cogan John de Barry William de Barry Walter de Lacy. Richard de Excester John Pipard Water L'enfant Jordan de Exon. Adam de Stanton Symon de Phipo William Cadel John en Val. Morris de Carew George de la Roch. Maurice de Rochfort Maurice Fitz-Thomas of Kerry William de Ross 1296. Prior of Kilmainham was left Lord Deputy to Wogan but either the Irish did not fear him being a Clergyman or they thought this a time of Advantage whilst the Lord Justice and many of the Nobility and best Soldiers were in Scotland and therefore to improve it as they were used to do they rose in Rebellion in several Places Those of Slewmargy burnt Leighlin and other Towns 1297. But O Hanlon and Mac Mahon met with more Opposition in Vrgile for they were both slain John Wogan 1298. Lord Justice returned again from Scotland in October and throughly reconciled the Burks and the Giraldines and kept every thing so quiet that we hear of no Trouble in a great while except some Disturbance the Irish gave to the Lord Theobald de Verdun in attacking his Castle of Roch. Pollard Mony was now decryed both in England and Ireland 1300. and the King did again enter Scotland and sent to Ireland for Aid and wrote not only to the Lord Justice but also sent particular Letters to every one of the Nobility to attend him Whereupon the Lord Justice accompanied by John Fitz-Thomas Peirce Brimingham and many others made a second Expedition into Scotland with good Success In the mean time part of the City of Dublin and particularly S. Warberg's Church was burnt on S. Colme's Eve and the Irish were again at their usual Pranks taking Advantage of the Lord Justices absence who I suppose did again depute William de Ross and in Winter assaulted and burnt Wicklow and Rathdan 1301. but they were well paid for their pains and in Lent had been ruin'd but for the Dissention and Discord of the English and in the Harvest before some of the Irish also had their share of Civil Discord for they fell out amongst themselves so that the O Phelims and O Tools slew three hundred of the Birns
in Ireland by any of the Kings Officers without his special License contrary to the aforesaid Ordinance of Edw. 2. And so on the 8th day of September Lionel Duke of Clarenâ—e 1361. Earl of Vlster and Lord of Connaught came over Lord Lieutenant and brought with him an Army of fifteen hundred men by the Pole and his Entertainment was thirteen shillings and four pence per diem and two shillings apiece for eight Knights six pence apiece for three hundred and sixty Archers on Horseback out of Lancashire and two pence apiece for twenty three Archers out of Wales Under him was Ralph Earl of Stafford who had six shillings and eight pence per diem for himself four shillings for a Baneret two shillings apiece for seventeen Knights twelve pence apiece for seventy eight Esquires and six pence apiece for an hundred Archers on Horseback Davis 30 31. and four pence apiece for seventy Archers on foot And James Earl of Ormond had four shillings per diem and two shillings apiece for two Knights and twelve pence apiece for twenty seven Esquires six pence apiece for twenty Hoblers armed four pence apiece for twenty Hoblers unarm'd And Sir John Carew Baneret had four shillings per diem and two shillings for one Knight and twelve pence apiece for eight Esquires and six pence apiece for ten Archers on Horseback And Sir William Windsor had two shillings per diem and for two Knights two shillings each for forty nine Squires twelve pence apiece and for six Archers on Horseback sixpence apiece Upon his coming over Proclamation was made to remand out of England all Men that held Land in Ireland on pain of Forfeiture of their Land because he thought that by his Army 36 Edw. 3. m. 21. and the assistance of the English of Birth he should be able to do great Feats without the assistance of the old English and therefore he also proclaimed That none of the old English should joyn his Army or approach his Camp which gave great offence to those that were the Progeny of the first Conquerors and had hitherto preserved the Kingdom by their Valour However the Duke marched his Army against O Brian but not being acquainted with the Country nor the Manners of the Irish he soon lost an hundred of his Men and thereby found the want of the old experieneed English whom he at first rejected but he timely repair'd his Error by another Proclamation inviting and requiring them to come to him whereupon they united and the Affair proceeded prosperously so that O Bryan was subdued Hereupon the Duke made many Knights as well of Old as New English and some time after he removed the Exchequer to Caterlough and bestowed five hundred Pounds in walling that Town He did many other good Acts so much to the Satisfaction of the whole Kingdom that as well the Clergy as the Layity gave him two Years Profit of all their Lands and Tithes towards the maintenance of the War here He was the first that kept the Army under Discipline so that they were not grievous or burthensom to the Country as they used to be And so having behaved himself very well in Ireland he returned to England on the twenty second of April leaving James Butler 1364. Earl of Ormond Lord Deputy This Lord obtained a Licence from the King to purchase Lands to the value of sixty Pound per annum Lib. CCC non obstante the Statute or Ordinance That no Officer of the King's should purchase within his Jurisdiction But on the eighth Day of December Lionel Duke of Clarence Lord Lieutenant came over again but made a very short Stay before he left the Kingdom and deputed Sir Thomas Dale 1365. Lord Deputy in whose time great Contest arose between the Birminghams of Carbry and the Inhabitants of Meath for the very English were now grown so degenerate that they preyed and pillaged one another after the barbarous manner of the Irish so that Sir Robert Preston Chief Baron who had married one of the Daughters and Coheirs of Sir Walter Birmingham was forced to put a good Guard into his Castle of Carbry to secure his Estate against his seditious Neighbours Hereupon Lionel Duke of Clarente 1367. Lord Lieutenant came over again and held that renowned Parliament at Kilkenny which made that famous Act which is so often cited by the name of the Statute of Kilkenny The Bishops of Dublin Cashel Tuam Lissmore Waterford Killaloo Ossory Leighlin and Cloyne Lib. D. who were present at this Parliament did fulminate an Excommunication against the Transgressors of that Law The Lords and Commons sat together at the making of it and the Statute it self is in French and to be seen at large in the Library at Lambeth libro D. but the effect of it is That the Brehon Law is an evil Custom Davis 112 191. and that it be Treason to use it That Marriage Nursing and Gossiping with the Irish be Treason That the use of Irish Name Apparel or Language be punished with the loss of Lands or imprisonment until the Party give Security to conform That the English should not make War upon the Irish without Order of the State That the English should not permit the Irish to Creaght or graze upon their Land Nor present an Irishman to an Ecclesiastical Benefice Nor receive them into Monasteries or Religious Houses Nor entertain any of their Minstrels Rhimers or News-tellers Nor cess Horse or Foot upon the English Subject against his Will on Pain of Felony And that Sheriffs might enter any Liberty or Franchise to apprehend Felons or Traytors And that four Wardens of the Peace should be appointed in every County equally to assess every Man's Proportion of the publick Charge for Men and Armour But it seems this Statute did not affect the Irish because they were not amesnable to Law for notwithstanding this Act the Irish did always use their Brehon Law until the third Year of King James I. Nevertheless this Law Davis 193. together with the Presence of the King's Son and the Discipline he used did very much reform the degenerate English so that the Revenues certain and casual of Vlster and Connaught were thenceforward accounted for in the Exchequer and the King's Writ did run in both those Provinces and therefore this Statute was revived and confirmed by 10 Hen. 7. cap. 8. It is to be noted Lib. D. That at this time the Price of a Cow was but ten Groats and the Pay of a Foot-Soldier was but two Pence a Day whereof he paid a Penny for his Victuals Nor must it be forgot That about this time it was declared in England That the King could not by Law alienate his Dominions And that King John his Submission to the Pope being contrary to his Coronation Oath and to Law was utterly void But let us return to the Lord Lieutenant who having concluded this Parliament to his Mind went to
List of all that did pay this scandalous Contribution Lib. P. 174. and yet I am not willing to conceal from him the Account I have met with which is as follows lib. The Barony of Lecale to O Neal of Clandeboy per annum 20 The County of Vriel to O Neal 40 The County of Meath to O Connor 60 The County of Kildare to O Connor 20 The King's Exchequer to Mac Morough 80 Marks The County of Wexford to Mac Morough 40 The Counties of Kilkenny and Typerary to O Carol 40 The County of Limerick to O Bâ—â—an 40 The County of Cork to Mac Carty of Muskry 40 And whilst the English were engaged in England the Irish advantaged themselves of the Opportunity and without Colour of Right usurped many considerable Estates as they had done before in the time of Richard II and these two Seasons set them so afloat that they could never since be cast out of their forceable Possessions holding by plain Wrong the most part of Vlster and upon very frivolous Pretences great Portions of Laâ—d in Munster and Connaugh And so we are come to the end of this unfortunate Reign which determined some Years before the King's Life for he did not dye until the twenty first Day of May 1472. And it must not be forgot That one of the Articles against this King was That by the Instigation of divers Lords about him he had wrote Letters to some of the Irish Enemy whereby they were encouraged to attempt the Conquest of the said Land of Ireland THE REIGN OF EDWARD IV. King of England c. And LORD of IRELAND EDWARD Earl of March 1460. Son and Heir of Richard Duke of York immediately after his Fathers Death at the Battle of Wakefield betook himself with all Diligence to gather an Army near Shrewsbury and having got twenty three thousand Men together on the second of February he defeated the Earls of Ormond and Pembrook near Mortimers-Cross and killed three thousand eight hundred of their Soldiers and although the Queen not long afterward defeated the Earl of Warwick at Bernard-Heath near S. Albans yet he wisely made slight of that Misfortune and without any Regard to it marched directly to London where on the fourth Day of March by vertue of the aforementioned Act of Parliament he was proclaimed King by the Name of Edward the Fourth He was as to his Person the goodliest Man of his Time and he was not less Valiant than beautiful On the twelfth of March he advanced against his Enemies and on Palm-Sunday with an Army of forty thousand and six hundred Men he encountred with sixty thousand and obtained so great a Victory that thirty six thousand seven hundred and seventy two of his Adversaries were slain And so being safe in his Throne 1461. he thought it time to put the Crown upon his Head which was solemnly performed on the twenty eighth Day of June In the mean time Thomas Earl of Kildare was on the thirtieth of April chosen Lord Justice by the Council of Ireland and continued so until Sir Rowland Fitz-Eusâ—ace 1462. Lord of Portlester and Treasurer was appointed Deputy to the Duke of Clarence He held a Parliament at Dublin Friday before S. Luke's Day which enacted That ten Pound per annum Davis 96. be received out of the Profits of the Courts to repair the Castle hall It seems that one William O Bolgir was made Denizen about this time Lib. G. and that on the fourth of May 1463. Robert Barnwal was made Baron of Trimlets-Town and it must not be forgot That the Earl of Ormond was beheaded at Newcastle and attainted by Parliament in Englaâ—d ◠〈◊〉 4. and that that noble Family was in Disgrace all this â—eâ—gn for their firm adhesion to the House of Lancaster This Lord Justice was long after this in a very old Age made Viscount Baltinglass by King Henry VIII and now was forced to resign to George Duke of Clarence the King's Brother who was made Lord Lieutenant for Life and deputed his Godfather Thomas Earl of Desmond Lib. M. Lord Deputy in whose time Mints were established at Dublin Trim Drogheda Waterford and Galway to coyn Groats two Penny pieces Pence Halfpence and Farthings And not long after it was ordered That English Mony should advance a fourth Part in Ireland viz. That an English Nine Pence should pass for a Shilling in Ireland and a Shilling for sixteen Pence and so proportionably And it seems the Gold Noble coyned in the time of Edward III. was inhanced higher than the rest for it was ordered to pass for ten Shillings And this was the first time any difference was made in the value of Mony between England and Ireland This Lord Justice held a Parliament at Weys Friday before S. Martin's Day 1463. which the Thursday after was adjourned to Waterford to be held the Monday following It was again on Saturday before the Feast of Edward the Confessor adjourned to Naas Irish Statutes 19. to be held Monday before S. Matthias Day and thence on the Friday after it met there it was adjourned to Dublin to be held Monday before S. David's Day and there on the Saturday after it was dissolved having first enacted I. That all Parliament Men should have Priviledge forty Days before and forty Days after every Sessions And II. That the Attorneys Fees be regulated And III. That clipped Mony should not be currant He held another Parliament at Trim 1465. on Wednesday after S. Lawrence his Day at which it was enacted I. That the like Challenge may be had against the Feofee as against cestuy que use II. That any Body may kill Thieves or Robbers Repealed 11 Car. 1 c. 6. or any Person going to rob or steal having no faithful Men of Good Name in English Apparel in their Company III. That the Irish within Pale shall wear English Habit take English Names and swear Allegiance upon pain of forfeiture of Goods IV. That English and Irish speaking English and living with the English shall have an English Bow and Arrows on pain of two Pence V. That there be a Constable and Butts in every Town And Lastly That no Foreign Vessels fish on the Rebels Coast on pain of Forfeiture And every one that fisheth on the Coast of the Pale to pay a Duty But this Lord Justice who was the greatest Man that ever was of his Family began now to decline in the King's Favour and was obliged to give place to John Lord Tiptoft 1467. Earl of Worcester Treasurer of England and Constable of England for Life Lord Deputy of Ireland he was one of the most learned and eloquent Men in Christendom and held a Parliament at Drogheda At which it was enacted I. That the Governour for the time being may pass into Islands II. That none shall purchase Bulls for Benefices from Rome under great Penalty III. That the King's Pardon to Provisors be void IV. That the
they procur'd as good a Bed-fellow for the Ambassador though she was of meaner Quality this Liquorish Harlot unfortunately met with a small Bottle of choice Balm valued at two thousand Crowns which was given to the Bishop by Solyman the Magnificent when he was Ambassador in Turky she was invited by its Odour to try its Relish and it seems liked it so well that she licked it all out whereat the Bishop grew so outragious and loud that he discovered his Debauchery frightned the Woman away and made sport for the Irishmen and his own Servants After this the Bishop met with O Neal and the Titular Primate Robert Wachop in a secret place and heard the Overâ—ures of them and their Confederates and it is not to be doubted but they came to an Agreement because the Bishop soon after went to Rome but being unable to separate the Pope from the Interests of the Emperor this Negotiation had no effect In the mean time two of the Cavenaghs viz. Cahir Mac Art of Polmonty and Girald Mac Cahir of Garochil had fierce Contests about their Territory at length it came to a Battel as it were by consent and about an hundred on each side were slain but Cahir Mac Art had the better of it and finally obtain'd that Signiory But the Exchequer being empty the Lord Deputy designed to levy a Tax upon the People but the Earl of Ormond would by no means suffer that 〈…〉 whereupon the difference grew so high between him and the Lord Deputy that at last it came to mutual Impeachments whereupon both of them were sent for to England and by the King's Mediation were reconciled whilst the ambodexter Allen was imprison'd in the Fleet and deprived of the Great Seal and Sir Thomas Cusack was made Lord Keeper and not long after viz. about the twenty eighth day of October the Earl of Ormond and thirty five of his Servants were poyson'd at a Feast at Ely-House in Holborn so that he and sixteen of them died but whether this hapned by Accident or Mistake or were done designedly could not be discovered Sir William Brabazon was sworn Lord Justice on the first of April 1546. although his Patent bore Date the sixteenth of February Ware 174. In his time hapned a strange and unnatural Action for Bryan Lord of Upper Ossory sent his own Son Teige Prisoner to Dublin where he was executed and in July Patrick O More and Bryan O Connor with joint Forces invaded the County of Kildare and burnt Athy but the Lord Justice immediately pursued them and leaving a Garrison at Athy he marched into Offaly and made a Fort at Dingen now Philipstown and forced O Connor to fly into Connaught But the Necessities of the State obliged the King to Coyn Brass or mixt Moneys and to make it currant in Ireland by Proclamation to the great dissatisfaction of all the People especially the Soldiers and about the same time Edward Basnet Dean of St. Patrick's in Dublin and the Chapter after some Reluctancy surrendred their Possessions to the King Three Things are observable in the Letters during this King's Reign 1. None of them do mention either the Year of our Lord or the Year of the King's Reign though all of them do take notice of the Day of the Month whereby this Part of the History was so perplex'd and confus'd that I will not promise that I have always guess'd the time aright though I have used my utmost diligence and endeavours to do so 2. All the Letters of this Reign conclude thus So knoweth God to whom we pray for your Graccs Prosperity or to that effect but these Words So knoweth God are always in although in the subsequent Words there is some Variation according to the Fancy of the Writer 3. Most of the Letters from the great Irish Lords even some of English Extraction are subscribed with a Mark very few of thembeing able to write their Names Sir Anthony Saintleger Lord Deputy returned on the sixteenth day of December with Sir Richard Read who was made Lord Chancellor in the room of Cusack and Cusack was made Master of the Rolls And thus stood the Government of Ireland during the Reign of King Henry the Eighth who Died on the twenty eighth day of January in the thirty eighth Year of his Reign and of his Age the fifty sixth THE REIGN OF EDWARD VI. KING OF England France AND IRELAND EDWARD 1546. the Sixth of that Name since the Norman Conquest was born at Hampton Court on the twelfth Day of October 1537. and succeeded his Father in the tenth Year of his Age on the twenty eighth Day of January 1546. and on the first of February Edward Seymour who was the King's Unkle by the Mother was made Protector of the King and Kingdoms and was afterwards created Duke of Somerset and on the twentieth Day of February the King was crowned at Westminster with great Solemnity Sir Anthony Saintleger continued in the Government of Ireland Ware 177. at first by the name of Lord Justice and afterwards by the Title of Lord Deputy and he proclaimed the new King on the twenty sixth Day of February 1547. and not long after Sir Richard Read was made first Lord Keeper and afterwards Lord Chancellor and the Earl of Desmond was constituted Lord Treasurer of Ireland on the twenty ninth Day of March and on the seventh Day of April the Privy Council was sworn viz. Sir Richard Read Chancellor George Archbishop of Dublin Edward Bishop of Meath Sir William Brabazon Vice-Treasurer Sir Girald Ailmer Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench Sir Thomas Luttrel Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas James Bath Esq Lord chief Baron of the Exchequer Sir Thomas Cusack Master of the Rolls and Thomas Houth Esq one of the Judges of the King's Bench to whom afterwards others were added But the O Birnes took advantage of the Change of the Government and hoping that the Infancy of the King would occasion Disturbances in the State they began to be very unruly and troublesome insomuch that the Lord Deputy was necessitated to invade their Country he pursued them so close that he slew their Captain and drove themselves into the Woods and Fastnesses He also took two of the Fitz-Giralds who had formerly been Proscribed and now joyned with O Toole and he brought them and other Prisoners to Dublin where they were executed Nor were Patrick O More and Brian O Connor less forward than the rest but briskly invaded the County of Kildare and loaded themselves with Prey and Plunder but the Lord Deputy came seasonably to intercept them and having killed two hundred of the Rebels upon the Place the rest of them with their light-footed Captains fairly ran away But the Government of England wisely considering the fickle Inclinations of the Irish and the danger of a general Defection of that Nation from a Protestant King seasonably provided for that Kingdom so that Edward Bellingham with the
Enemy's Camp and it succeeded according to his Desire for O Neal's Army being over-confident of their Numbers and despising the Weakness of their Adversaries had made no preparation to resist an Assault which they did not suspect and wanting such Scouts Out-guards and Centinels as Martial Discipline required and as was usual in all well-governed Armies they were easily surprized and defeated and Shane O Neal himself was forced to make use of his Heels As to Ecclesiastical Affairs there was a Provincial Synod held at Dublin Anno 1555 which made some Constitutions about the Rites and Ceremonies to be used in the Church and afterwards the Church-Goods and Ornaments were restored and particularly those belonging to the Churches of Dublin and Drogheda and although many Gleabs continued Lay-Fees during all the Reign of Queen Mary yet at the Request of Cardinal Poole her Majesty restored the Possessions of the Priory of Kilmainham and Oswal Messemberg was confirmed Prior by Patent dated the eighth of March 1557. but afterwards he fled beyond Seas and the Possessions of that Priory and of that Order in Ireland were by Act of Parliament annexed to the Crown in Queen Elizabeth's Reign There was also a Provincial Synod held at Drogheda this Year by Archbishop Dowdal and therein Leave was given to Husbandmen to work certain Days in Harvest The Lord Justice having on the twenty fifth Day of April received the Submission of O Reyly and his Fealty or Oath of Allegiance 1558. did on the twenty seventh surrender the Sword to Thomas Earl of Sussex Lord Deputy who brought over with him five hundred Soldiers and an Order to coyne Brass-Money and to make it currant by Proclamation which he did On the fourteenth of June he began his March to Munster against Daniel O Brian he came to Limerick and advanced forwards into Thomond he scattered the Rebels and took the Castles of Bunratty and Clare and then restored the Country to the Earl of Thomond who together with the Freeholders of that Country did on Sunday the tenth day of July swear on the Sacrament Lib. NNN and by all the Relicks of the Church as Book Bell and Candelight they are the very Words of the Herald's Certificate to continue Loyal to the Queen and to perform their Agreements with the Lord Deputy On the twenty first of June the Earl of Desmond made his Submission to the Deputy at Limerick and on the twenty sixth the Lord Deputy was God-father to the Earl's Son whom he named James Sussex and gave the Child a Chain of Gold and gave another Chain and Pair of gilt Spurs to Dermond Mac Carthy of Muskry whom he also knighted The Lord Deputy caused a Soldier to be nailed to a Post for drawing his Sword in the Camp contrary to Proclamation and then marched to Galway where he was well received especially by the Archbishop of Tuam and the Bishops of Clonfert and Clonmacnoise who with the Clergy met him in Procession On the fifteenth day of September the Lord Deputy shipped his Army at Dalky and sailed to Raghline and though he lost one Ship in the Storm yet he pursued his Design and took the Island and placed a Colony and a small Garrison in it and thence he invaded and wasted Cantire in Scotland Nor did the Islands of Aran and Comber escape the like Desolation and he intended as much against the Island of Ila but he was by ill Weather forced to put in at Carigfergus and so having burnt many Villages which were possest by the Scots in Vlster he returned to Dublin on the eighth day of November Sir Henry Sydny was sworn Lord Justice on the eighteenth of September by virtue of a Patent dated at Richmond the fourth of August and now when the Earl of Sussex return'd he was sworn anew on the tenth of November and had a new Patent bearing date the seventeenth day of August 1558. The Lord Deputy had a new Great Seal sent him out of England and also new Seals to the other three Courts which he delivered to the Lord Chancellor Chief Justices and Chief Baron in the Council Chamber and about the same time a Party of the Islander Scots that came into Connaught to the Assistance of one of the Burks was defeated by the Earl of Clanrickard and most of them slain And because the Author quotes the Most Reverend and Learned Primate Vsher and the Memorials of the Most Noble and Industrious Richard Earl of Cork for the following Story I will insert it verbatim as it is already printed in the Life of Archbishop Brown Queen Mary having dealt severely with the Protestants in England about the latter end of her Reign signed a Commission for to take the same Course with them in Ireland and to execute the same with greater Force she nominates Dr. Cole one of the Commissioners Sending the Commission by this Doctor who in his Journey coming to Chester the Mayor of that City hearing that her Majesty was sending a Messenger into Ireland and he being a Church-Man waited on the Doctor who in discourse with the Mayor taketh out of a Cloak-Bag a Leather-Box saying unto him Here is a Commission that shall lash the Hereticks of Ireland calling the Protestants by that Title the good Woman of the House being well affected to the Protestant Religion and also having a Brother named John Edmunds of the same then a Citizen in Dublin was much troubled at the Doctor 's Words but watching her convenient time whilst the Mayor took his Leave and the Doctor complementing him down the Stairs she opens the Box and takes the Commission out placing in lieu thereof a Sheet of Paper with a Pack of Cards the Knave of Clubs faced uppermost wrap up The Doctor coming up to his Chamber suspecting nothing of what had been done put up the Box as formely The next day going to the Water-side Wind and Weather serving him he sails towards Ireland and landed on the seventh of October 1558. at Dublin then coming to the Castle the Lord Fitz-Walters being Lord Deputy sent for him to come before him and the Privy Council who coming in after he had made a Speech relating upon what account he came over he presents the Box unto the Lord Deputy who causing it to be opened that the Secretary might read the Commission there was nothing save a Pack of Cards with the Knave of Clubs uppermost which not only startled the Lord Deputy and Council but the Doctor who assured them He had a Commission but knew not how it was gone Then the Lord Deputy made answer Let us have another Commission and we will shuffle the Cards in the mean while The Doctor being troubled in Mind went his way and returned into England and coming to the Court obtained another Commission but staying for a Wind at the Water-side News came unto him That the Queen was dead And thus God preserved the Protestants in Ireland This Queen died on the seventeenth day of
Ophaly till he made him consent to accept of worse situated Land in lieu of it He made his Nephew Walter Almain a corrupt beggarly Fellow says Cambrensis Seneschal of Wexford and Waterford who received Bribes from Mac Morough of Kensile to prejudice the Fitz-Geralds and so Mercenary was Fitz-Adelm himself that the Irish flock'd unto him as to a Fair to buy their Demands At last having neither done Honour to the King nor Good to the Country he was revok'd and in his Room the King appointed Hugh de Lacy 1179. Lord Justice of Ireland to whom Robert le Poer the King's Marshal Governour of Waterford and Wexford was made Coadjutor Counsellor or assistant The King Lib. G. Lamb. at a Parliament held at Oxford anno 1177 had given the Kingdom of Cork The Patent from the River next Lismore running between that and Cork i.e. the River Bride to Knock-Brandon near the Shenin and so to the Sea unto Cogan and Fitz-Stephens Tenendum of him and his Son John per sexaginta feoda militaria except the City of Cork and the Cantred adjoyning which was the Eastmens He also gave the Kingdom of Limerick to the Brothers and Nephew of Richard Earl of Cornwal but they finding they could not get Possession in a little Time surrendred their unprofitable Grant Whereupon the King bestowed it upon Philip de Broase to be held of the King and his Son John by sixty Knights Fees and the City and a Cantred adjoyning were likewise excepted out of this Grant These three Adventurers joyned their Forces together and came to Waterford in November and so coasted it to Cork where they were kindly received by Richard de Londres the Governour Cogan and Fitz-Stephens agreed with Mac Carthy and the Irish Gentry That they should hold four and twenty Cantreds paying a small yearly Rent and of the seven Cantreds near Cork Cogan had the four Southern and Fitz-Stephens the three that were on the East-side of the City The Kingdom of Cork being thus setled they marched with Broase to Limerick with sixty Gentlemen one hundred and fifty Horse and a smart Party of Foot As soon as the Citizens perceived them they set the Town on Fire at which desperate Barbarity Broase was so offended that he could not be prevailed upon by any Arguments to settle there or to have any thing to do with such Rash and Heathenish People and therefore they returned to Cork which for some Time after Cogan and Fitz-Stephens joyntly and happily governed This Kingdom of Cork descended to Daughters Hooker 46. Hanmer 158. Brady 369. and so came by Marriage to Robert de Carew and Patrick de Courcy about the twentieth Year of the Reign of Henry III. Courcy's part of it was afterwards subdvided among many Daughters who were Heirs General of that Family so that a very small Proportion of it remains with the Heir-Male of that Name who was anciently Baron of Ringrone but now has the Title of Lord Baron of Kingsale As for the Carews they were Marquesses of Cork and built the Castles of Ardtully Dunkeran and Down Marque but they removed out of Ireland in the Time of the Civil Wars between York and Lancaster and others intruded into their Possessions and Estate and keep them to this Day except what they have sold or forfeited About this Time Sir Thomas de Clare obtained a Grant of Thomond Davis 122. as Otho de Grandison did of Typerary and Robert le Poer of Waterford and William Fitz-Adelm also got a large Proportion of Connaugh But it is time to return to the valiant John de Courcy Brady 368. who was engaged in Vriel on this Occasion he had sent into England for Victuals Ammunition and other Necessaries the Ship by Stress of Weather was driven into a Creek called Torshead O Hanlon and his Followers immediately came on Board the Vessel and murdered all that were in it and seized on the Cargo As soon as Courcy had Notice of this Misfortune he drew his Men together being above a thousand and marched towards the Newry on the Way he received Advice That the Irish were encamped near Dundalk in a great Body to the Number of seven thousand Courcy sent a Fryer to them and instructed him to tell them That there were great Forces arrived at Drogheda from England and that they were very near them and to justifie this Story the English did march with the greatest Shew and Appearance they could make and made a great Shout wherewith the Enemy was so daunted that they fled towards the River in great Confusion but the Tide being in many were drowned and more were slain However O Hanlon and the greatest part of his Army got over the River but the Frier guided the English over a Ford so that they came to a second Encounter wherein the Irish were so desperate That the English Foot were forced to retire but the Valiant Sir Armorick came in seasonably to their Rescue and persuaded them to rally and to make another Charge which they performed so briskly that the Irish were obliged to withdraw to the Fews as the English also did to Dundalk neither Party much boasting of the Victory because the Slaughter was great on both sides About this time two Cardinals come to England to invite the English and Irish Bishops to the Council of Lateran There went from hence Lawrence Archbishop of Dublin Catholicus Archbishop of Tuam and others but all of them first swore Not to procure any Damage to the King or his Dominions Sullevan Which Oath Lawrence did not very religiously observe for he not only spoke vehemently in the Council against the King's Administration of Affairs in Ireland but as the Irish say he obtained a Bull of Revocation from the Pope annulling the former Bulls granted to the King But this is not probable because no such Bull is extant and if there were it would be void but it is certain he was an inveterate Enemy to the English and gave them all the Opposition and Disquiet he could However he was reputed a very Holy Man being zealously addicted to the Superstitious Devotion Hanmer 163. so that he was canonized by Pope Honorius III. This is recorded of him That he was so grateful to the See of Rome for his Pall or so great an abhorrer of Immodesty that he refused to absolve the Priests convicted of that Sin insomuch that he sent one hundred and forty of them to Rome to pay for their Absolution there But it is time to return to the Lord Justice Lacy who govern'd very well and built many Castles in convenient Places and particularly Castle-Dermond Leighlin Leix Delvin 1180. Carlow Tullaghphelim and Kilka and Courcy was no less diligent in raising that kind of Fortification in Vlster However Lacy had given just Cause of Jealousie by marrying the Daughter of Rotherick King of Connaught whereupon his Enemis impeached him suggesting that he confederated with the Irish
Lord Justice was not less active in Leinster for he defeated O Morrough at Bally lethan and made a great Slaughter of the Rebels at Tristle Dermond and slew about four hundred of the Irish of Omayle There is a Writ in Mr. Prin's Animadversions on the 4th Institute Prin 261. too long to be here recited whereby it appears That an Englishman was punishable by Death for Killing Burning Theft or Robbery committed against an Englishman but an Irishman was only punishable at the discretion of the Brehon for Theft or Robbery of an Englishman but that in time the chief Governors did commute the punishment of any Felony even Murder of an Englishman for Money and thereby Witnesses were discouraged to testifie the Truth lest the surviving Felon might revenge it Therefore the Writ requires to assemble the Lords and COMMONS to advise c. In the same Writ is mentioned that the Irish petitioned for an Annual Parliament and because it is certain there were not Parliaments every year even in this Kings Reign Prin 263. Mr. Prin conceives that my Lord Cooke mistook that Petition for an Order for an Irish Annual Parliament which he says was at this time made but the Manuscripts M. and GGG at Lambeth 4 Insl 350. do agree with my Lord Cooke that there was such an Order But let us return to Bruce who on Midsummer-Day summoned Carigfergus and though eight Ships were sent thither from Tredagh yet the Garrison were reduced to the extremity of eating Leather and of feeding on eight Scots who were their Prisoners and so were at length forced by Famine to surrender in the latter end of August Nor did better News come from Connaught where O Connor defeated a Party of the English and slew the Lord Stephen of Exester Miles Cogan and eighty of the Barryes and Lawleys But this Misfortune was not long unrevenged Frag. 6. for on the fourth Day of August William de Burgo and Richard de Bremingham encountred Fylemy O Connor King of Connaught and a numerous Army of Irish near Athenry with prodigious Success for they slew the King of Connaught and eight thousand of his Men Aug. 1316. The Valour of Hussy a Butcher of Athenry was very remarkable on this Occasion for he fought with O Kelly and his Squire together and slew them both for which he was knighted and is Ancestor of the reputed Barons of Galtrim They say Athenry was walled with the Plunder of this Battle Cambd. 172. and that the brave Brimingham was made Baron of Athenry for this noble Service and his Heir is now the first Baron in Ireland About the same time viz. in August 1316. O Hanlon came for Contribution to Dundalk but the Townsmen under Robert Verdon who lost his Life in the Service entertained them so valiantly that O Hanlon was forced to leave two hundred of his Followers behind him About the end of August died the Noble Earl of Kildare Ibid. 173. and was succeeded by his Son Thomas On the fourteenth of September Ibid. Burk and Briminghan got another Victory in Conaught and slew five hundred Irish and their Captains Connor and the Mac Kelly and in the latter end of October John Loggan and Hugh Bisset routed the Scots in Vlster and slew one hundred with double Armour and two hundred with single Armour besides many of their naked Followers and sent Prisoners to Dublin Sir Alen Stewart Sir John Sandale Ibid. and other Scotchmen In December the Lacies procured themselves to be Indicted and Acquitted of introducing the Scots into Ireland and then had the King's Charter of Pardon Ibid. whereupon they renewed their Oath of Fealty and took the Sacrament to corroborate the same The Scots being joyned with the Irish of Vlster gathered a numerous Army computed to be near twenty thousand Men and in Lent they marched as far as Slane destroying the Country as they went The Earl of Vlster was then at S. Mary Abbey near Dublin but some Misunderstanding hapning between him and the Citizens 1316. Robert Notingham then Mayor of Dublin caused the Earl to be imprisoned in the Castle of Dublin and in the Fray seven of the Earl's Servants were slain and the Abby was spoiled and some of it burnt Hereupon Bruce marched toward Dublin Febr. 24. and took the Castle of Knock and the Lord Hugh Tyrrel in it who with his Wife were afterwards ransomed for a piece of Mony The Dublinians burnt the Suburbs to secure the City some Churches were destroyed in this Hurry and the Cathedral of S. Patricks did not escape But Bruce understanding the City was well walled and that the Citizens resolved to defend it he turned aside to the Naas being conducted and advised by Lacy notwithstanding his aforesaid Oath At the Naas they staid two Days spoiled the Churches opened the Tombs to search for Treasure and at last burnt the Town and thence marched to Castledermot Gauran and Callan destroying the Country as they went And what better could be expected when the King's Authority was so little regarded in Ireland that his Writ to bail the Earl of Vlster was disobeyed by the Mayor of Dublin Some of the Vlster-Men pretended an Aversion against the Scots Camb. 174. and desired Aid and Commission from the King they had the Commission at last and the King's Standard was delivered to them but they did more harm with it than the Scots had done they so behaved themselves if you believe my Author that they purchased the Curse of God and Man Bruce marched near Limerick to Kenlis in Ossory and about Palmsunday he came to Cashel and thence marched to Nenagh wasting all the Lord Justice's Estate in the Counties of Kilkenny and Typerary In the mean time the English Lords were Assembled at Kilkenny Davis 169. says Desmond was General and had gathered a numerous Army consisting of all sorts of thirty thousand Men and under the Conduct of the Lord Justice and Earl of Kildare designed to pursue the Scots 1317. when on Thursday in Easter-week there arrived at Youghal Roger Mortimer Lord Justice cum triginta octo Militibus who immediately sent word to the English Generals not to fight till he came but Bruce upon notice of his Arrival marcht toward Kildare and so to Naas and tho' he lurkt almost a week in the Woods near Trim to refresh his Men yet afterwards he made such haste that in the beginning of May he got into Vlster The Lord Justice seeing Bruce had retreated suffered his voluntary Army which the Irish call a rising out to return to their own homes the better to refresh themselves till a new Summons and went himself to Dublin and with the Lord Wogan Sir Fulk Warren and thirty Knights more he held a Parliament at Kilmainham where the deliverance of the Earl of Vlster was the chief thing treated of and it was at last effected at a second Meeting of the Parliament about
175. In like manner did one of the Cavenaghs serve Carew about the Barony of Idrone and if I thought that no Body else would ever be served so hereafter I would have omitted this Remark In those Days there was small Respect paid to the Sabbath Fragm M. S. 4. in Ireland for the Markets were in several Places kept on Sundays but at Carlow the Market was about this time changed to another Day In England the sixth Penny of the Goods of Lay-men Baker 117. through England Ireland and Wales was granted to the King but how it was levied here non constat It appears by the Writ mentioned Pryn 263. that the denized Irish would not punish Felony with Death and therefore that Writ enjoyns them that are 14 Edw. 2. and them that shall be denized for the future to submit to the English Laws in that particular which confirms my former Observation That the Irish were fond of the Benefit of the English Laws but were very averse from the Penalties of them And by another Writ recited Pryn 263. it appears That Common Pleas were held before the chief Governour and because the Parties were poor and could not prosecute their Writ of Error in England according to Law the King did aâ—thorize the new Governour to examine the former Judgment and to reverse it if he found just cause c. And lastly we find a Writ which was sent to John Earl of Louth Pryn 264. whilst he was Lord Justice authorizing him to remove all such insufficient Persons as his Predecessor Mortimer had put into Office in that Kingdom which is a notable President worthy Imitation in all Places and Ages THE REIGN OF EDWARD III. King of England c. And LORD of IRELAND EDWARD the Third upon the Resignation of his Father was proclaimed King the twenty fifth day of January 1327. and Crowned the first day of February following 1327. and being but fifteen years old had twelve Governors of him and the Kingdom appointed but they were but Ciphers and only had the bare Name of Governors whilst Mortimer and the Queen-Mother usurp'd and exercis'd the Power As for Ireland Thomas Fitz-John Earl of Kildare was made Lord Justice and Letters were sent to the Great Men of Ireland by Name to swear Fealty to the new King and to continue their Loyalty as they had done to his Predecessors And in his Time Adam Duff of the Family of O Toole in the County of Wicklow was burnt at Hoggin-Green in Dublin for Heresie or rather for most horrid Blasphemy for he denied the Trinity and the Incarnation of our Blessed Saviour c. And because it may be pleasant and useful to a curious Reader Lib. H. Lambeth I will give you a short Account of the Great Officers and others of Ireland and their Salaries as they were 1 Ed. 3. Earl of Kildare Lord Justice 500 Lib. Roger Outlaw Chancellor 040 Lib. Elias de Ashborne Justice for holding Pleas before the Justice and Council of Ireland 040 Lib. Roger de Werthorp Justice Itinerant 040 Mar. A Second Justice Itinerant Nicholas Falstoff Chief Justice of the Bench 040 Lib. John de Granset Second Justice 040 Mar. Roger de Preston Third Justice John Battalk Custos Brevium Rot. de Banc. 005 Lib. John Garnon Narrator Domini Regis 005 Lib. Simon Fitz-Richard Secundus Narrator 005 Mar. Richard Mayning Kings Sergeant 005 Mar. Robert Poer Treasurer 040 Lib. Thomas de Monte Pessulano Chancellor of the Exchequer 010 Lib. Roger de Birthorp Chief Baron 010 Lib. The Second Baron 010 Lib. Two Chamberlains of Exchequer 010 Lib. Remembrancer 010 Lib. A Summoner 004 Mar. Two Ingrossers of the Rolls in Term-time five pence per diem The Treasurers Clerk five pence per diem whilst the Exchequer is open Usher of the Chequer three half pence per diem A Chaplain of the Castle fifty Shillings per annum For Wax two Shillings Note a pound of Wax cost nine pence It was a common thing for the Great Men of Ireland as well Irish as English upon private Quarrels to make War one with another and sometimes upon very slight occasions an Instance whereof happened at this time Fragm 8. for Maurice Fitz-Thomas afterwards Earl of Desmond being disgusted with the Lord Arnold Poer for calling him Rimer did associate with the Butlers and Birminghams as Poer did with the Burks and began a War Davis 134. says it was Kildare that had like to have been fatal to the Burks and the Poers many of them were slain and more of them driven into Connaught and their Lands were burnt and preyed In vain did the Lord Justice interpose in this bloody Quarrel he appointed a Day to hear both Parties but the Lord Arnold Poer was so far from attending the issue of such a Meeting as well knowing that he was the first Aggressor and therefore the unlucky Causer of all those Calamities and Desolations that ensued that he fled to Waterford and thence into England The Army of the Fitz-Giralds and their Confederates was mightily increased in expectation of a greater resistance than they found but assoon as they understood that Poer was fled they executed their Revenge upon the Lands of their Enemies which had been to that time left undestroyed Cambden 181 They grew so formidable even to the Cities and Towns that they fortified and provided against them but upon notice of this the Confederates immediately sent word to the Lord Justice that they design'd no prejudice to the King or his Towns but had assembled to revenge themselves of their Enemies and that they were ready to appear before him at Kilkenny to clear themselves And accordingly in Lent they did meet at Kilkenny with the Lord Justice and the Kings Council 1327. and humbly crav'd a Charter of Peace or Pardon whereon the Lord Justice took time to advise But the Irish of Leinster hoped to advantage themselves of these Commotions and therefore set up Donald Mac Art Mac Morough of the Family of Mac Morough formerly Kings of Leinster for their King It seems he led his Army within two Miles of Dublin but he was defeated and taken Prisoner by Sir Henry Traherne and Walter de Valle who had one hundred and ten pounds reward for their pains and many of the Irish were slain but Mac Morough in January 1329. escaped out of the Castle of Dublin by help of a Rope sent him by Adam Nangle for which Fact Nangle was afterwards condemned and hang'd In the mean time the Lord Justice died at Minooth on Easter-Tuesday and Roger Outlaw Prior of Kilmainham Lord Chancellor was made Lord Justice in whose time David O Tool a strong Thief who had been taken Prisoner by the Lord John Wellesly the Lent before was this Summer condemned and executed at Dublin At this time in the Second Year of this Reign the Noble James Butler married the Earl of Hereford's Daughter Bakâ— which he had by
Year And it seems there was also a Parliament at Dublin this Year Prin 266. wherein it was ordained That the King's Peace should be fully kept and that every Nobleman and Chieftain should keep in his own Sept. Retinue and Servants Roger Outlaw Prior of Kilmainham was made Lord Deputy 1330. and kept the Kingdom quiet ' all the Summer and the Winter was so stormy and wet that nothing could be done till January and then the Macoghegans began to be troublesome again in Meath but the Earls of Vlster and Ormond gave them a Defeat near Loghynerthy about Lent whereupon they were so enraged that they burnt fifteen Villages but they paid for it in another Skirmish wherein three Irish Lords Sons and one hundred of their Followers were slain This Year a Parliament was holden at Kilkenny Pryn 267. at which were present Alexander Archbishop of Dublin the Earls of Vlster and Ormond the Lord William Birmingham and the Lord Walter Burk of Connaught and each of these brought a considerable Power with him to pursue O Brian and expel him from Vrkiffe near Cashil It seems this great Army march'd to Limerick and that the Burks did prey some of the Giraldines Lands in their March whereupon such Fewds arose between those Families that the Lord Justice was necessitated to confine the Earl of Vlster and Maurice of Desmond to the Custody of the Marshal at Limerick but Maurice quickly found means to escape and thereupon 't is probable the Earl was also enâ—arged It seems that both of them went to England But what became of this mutinous Army Frag. 9. I find no mention save that an anonymous Author reports Quod nihil perfecerunt But the next Year was more propitious 1331. for on the twenty first of April the English gave the Irish an Overthrow in O Kensâ—le And in May the English at Thurles defeated O Brian and slew many of his Followers And about the same time O Tool came to Tullagh and robbed the Archbishop of Dublin took three hundred of his Sheep and killed some of his Servants Upon notice of it Sir Philip Britt and others sallied out of Dublin but they were too forward and careless so that they fell into an Ambush in Culiagh and were most of them slain whereupon the Irish were elevated to that degree Cambd. 184. that they attacked the Castle of Arklow and took it but the Lord Birmingham with a smart Party undertook them and mortified them to the lowest degree of Submission and might have ruined them if he had not trusted to their false Promises Sir Anthony Luey 3 June 1331. a Man of great Authority in England was sent over Lord Justice he brought with him the Lord Hugh de Lacy who was now pardoned and in some Favour He also brought the King's Letters to the Earl of Vlster and others of the Nobility to give their best assistance to him the Lord Justice The Lord Justice designed by a severe Government to correct and reform the Distempers of those Times but alass it was too great an Undertaking for one Man and required more time than he had to spend in Ireland However his Government was auspicated with a Victory which those of the English Pale on the eleventh of June obtained over the Irish at Finnagh in Meath And though there was a great Dearth and Scarcity still continuing yet it was somewhat moderated by the great Plenty of large Fishes called Thurlehides sent by Providence into the Bay of Dublin in a prodigious number for the relief of the Poor A Parliament was summoned to meet at Dublin at Mid-summer by which it is manifest that they did not hitherto practise the formality of forty Days Summons the Appearance was so thin that the Parliament was adjourned to Kilkenny to the seventh of July And thither came Thomas Earl of Kildare and others that were not at Dublin and were freely pardoned what was past being first sworn on the Holy Evangelists and the Reliques of the Saints to Allegiance and Preservation of the peace for the future But in August the Lord Justice received the bad News That the Irish had taken and burnt the Castle of Ferns Whereupon he grew jealous That some of those English Lords that absented themselves from the Parliament at Kilkenny did underhand abet the Irish or else they durst not so frequently rebel and therefore he resolved to apprehend as many of them as he could get And first Henry Mandevil was by Warrant from the Chief Justice taken in September and Maurice of Desmond being arrested in Limerick in the beginning of October was by warrant from the Lord Justice and Council brought to Dublin Walter Burk and his Brother were seised in November and William and Walter Birmingham were secured in Clonmel in February following and afterwards sent to Dublin It seems there was more than bare Suspicion in this Matter for the Lord William Birmingham who had often done good Service for his King and Country was nevertheless executed the eleventh of July 1332. and his Son Walter had not escaped but that he was in Orders and Maurice of Desmond was likewise kept in Prison a Year and a half and then discharg'd upon very great Bail and sent into England to the King But let us look back to the third of March 1331. at which time the King and Parliament of England made Ordinances and Articles for the Reformation and Tranquility of Ireland and sent them thither in haec verba REX Justic Pryn 267. Canc. Thes suis Hibern salutem Mandamus vobis quod articulos subscriptos quos pro emendatione status Terrae nostrae Hiberniae quiete tranquilitate populi nostri ibidem per advisamentum Concilii nostri in ultimo Parliamento nostro apud Westmon tento ordinavimus in dicta Terra Hiberniae quantum ad vos attinet teneatis observetis per alios fideles nostros dictae Terrae teneri observari faciatis Tenor autem articâ—â—â—orum praedictorum talis est Imprimis Justiciarius qui nunc est vel pro tempore fuerit non concedat Cartas Pardonationis de morte hominis nec roberiis incendiis aliquibus nisi de roberiis incendiis ante festum Paschae anno regni Domini Edwardi Regis Angliae tertii post Conquestum quinto perpetratis Et quod de caetero certificet Regem de nominibus hujusmodi Pardonationes petentium de avisamento suo quod Rex faciat inde voluntatem suam quod nullus in Terra Hiberniae ex nunc faciat tales Pardonationes infra libertatem extra sub gravi forisfactura Domini Regi Item Quod dictus Justic de caetero non concedat tuitionem pacis felonibus ad silvam existentibus Item Quod una eadem lex fiat tam Hibernicis quam Anglicis excepta servitute Betagiorum penes Dominos suos eodem modo quo usitatum est in Anglia de Villanis Item
twenty pence or two shillings from every one that passed the Seas On the twenty fifth Day of March the King knighted four Irish Kings 1395. Selden tit hon 842. and some other great Lords whereof Mr Selden out of Froisart gives the following Account Four Kings of several Provinces in Ireland that submitted themselves to Richard II were put under the Care of Henry Castile an English Gentleman who spake Irish well in order to prepare them for Knighthood by the Kings Command he informed them of the English Manners in Diet Apparel and the like He asked them If they were willing to take the Order which the King of England would give them according to the Customs of England France and other Countries They answered They were Knights already and that the Order they had taken was enough for them and that they were made Knights in Ireland when they were seven Years Old and that every King makes his Son Knight and if the Father be dead the next of Kin does it and that the manner is thus The new Knight at his making runs with slender Lances against a Shield set upon a Stake in a Meadow and the more Lances he thus breaks the more Honour continues with his Dignity But Mr. Castile told them They should receive a Knighthood with more State in the Church and afterwards being perswaded and instructed especially by the Earl of Ormond they did receive Knighthood at Christ-Church Dublin after their Vigils performed in the same Church and a Mass heard and some others were knighted with them but the four Kings in Robes agreeable to their State sate that Day with King Richard at the Table And so Davit 202. when the King had supplied the Courts of Justice with able Men particularly with Sir William Hankford Chief Justice who was afterwards Chief Justice of England and done his Endeavor to establish a Civil Plantation in the Mountains of Wicklow he returned to England about Midsummer 1394. as I suppose for on the fourth of July 1394 Roger Mortimer Earl of March was sworn Lord Lieutenant Pryn. 294. And not long after the aforesaid excellent Ordinances of 31 Edw. 3. were ratified revived and exemplified and sent into Ireland to be more duly observed than hitherto they had been But the Scene was changed and the Irish despising the weak Forces the King had left behind him began to lay aside their Mask of Humility and to make Incursions into the Borders of the Pale Nevertheless the English were not daunted their Valour supplyed what was wanting in their Number Cambd. particularly Sir Thomas de Burgh and Walter de Birmingham with their Forces slew six hundred of the Irish and their Captain Mac Con and the Lord Lieutenant and the Earl of Ormond wasted the County of Wicklow and took O Birnes House whereupon the Lord Lieutenant made seven Knights But this Victory was much overballanced by the Loss of forty principal Englishmen slain by the O Tools on Ascension-day and not long after by the Death of the Lord Lieutenant himself who was slain at Kenlis in Ossory by the O Birnes on the twentieth of July 1398. And thereupon Roger Gray was chosen Lord Justice 1398. pro tempore until the King sent over his half Brother Thomas Holland Duke of Surry Lord Lieutenant 1398. who landed at Dublin the seventh of October 1398. but did not long continue in that Office before the King pretending a Resolution to revenge the Death of his Cousin and Heir the Earl of March who was slain by the Irish as aforesaid He left the Government of England in the Hands of his Vnkle the Duke of York And on the first Day of June Richard 1399. King of England landed at Waterford with a good Army which he marched to Dublin through the wast Countries of Murroughs Kinshelaghs Cavenaghs Birns and Tooles but the Army was much distressed for want of Victuals and Carriages in those Deserts so that he performed no memorable Exploit save that he cut and cleared the Paces in the Cavenaghs Country and knighted Henry the Duke of Lancaster's Son afterwards Henry V for his briskness against the Irish On the sixth of June being the Friday after the King's arrival Jenico de Artois his faithful Gascoign slew two hundred Irish at Ford in Kenlis in the County of Kildare And the next Day the Citizens of Dublin made Incursions into Wicklow and killed thirty three Irishmen and took eighty Prisoners And on the twenty sixth of June the King came to Dublin and received the Submission of many Irish Lords But whilst he was consulting how to proceed he received the unwelcome News of the Duke of Lancaster's Progress in England whereupon he imprisoned his and the Duke of Glocester's Sons in the Castle of Trym and though he sent the Earl of Salisbury before him to gather an Army in Wales yet the King followed after so slowly that the Army was disperst before he arrived in England with which Misfortune his Courage fell so that on Michaelmass day he tamely surrendred the Crown and gave a just occasion for this true Remark Baker 152. That never any Man who had used a Kingdom with such Violence gave it over with such Patience He was afterwards deposed by Parliament and several Articles exhibited against him one of which was That he forced divers Religious Persons in England to give Horses Arms and Carts towards the Irish Expedition And another was That he carryed into Ireland the Treasure Reliques and other Jewels of the Crown which were used to be kept in the King's Coffers from all Hazard The King created Edward Plantagenet Earl of Cork in the twentieth Year of his Reign And the same Year gave a Licence under the Privy Seal to William Lord Courcy to buy a Ship to pass and repass to and from England And in this Reign happened this famous Case One Thomas a Clerk in England obtained a Judgment at Westminster against Robert Wickford afterwards Archbishop of Dublin and upon Affidavit That the Defendant lived in Ireland and had Goods and Lands there and the Sheriffs Return That he had no Lands nor Goods in England the Plaintiff had a Writ against the said Archbishop in haec verba IDeo vobis mandamus quod de terris catallis ejusdem Roberti Lib. M. jam Archiepiscopi in Terra nostra Hiberniae fieri facias praedict decem libras illas habeatis coram c. This Archbishop died anno 1390 so that this Writ must issue before that time THE REIGN OF HENRY IV. King of England c. And LORD of IRELAND HENRY Duke of Lancaster eldest Son of the famous John of Gaunt fourth Son of King Edward the Third upon the Resignation of King Richard procured him to be deposed in Parliament and himself to be elected King and the Crown to be entailed on him and the Heirs of his Body His Claim was as Heir to Henry III but finding that
Pretence was Ridiculous because there were others of the same Lineage before him in the Pedigree and it was notorious That the Right of Succession was in Ann Daughter of Roger Mortimer Earl of March Son of Philippa Daughter of Lionel Duke of Clarence third Son of King Edward III. and accordingly her Grand-son afterwards possest the Kingdoms by the Name of Edward IV. And also finding that it was more vain to claim by Conquest when there was no fighting he was at last forced to rely on the Consent and Election of the People which was the Title his Embassadors insisted upon in the Courts of Foreign Princes Thus was the Foundation laid of those tedious and bloody Wars that afterwards ensued between the Houses of York and Lancaster commonly distinguished by the Appellations of the Red-Rose and the White that being the cognizance of the House of Lancaster and this the Badge of the Family of York This King was crowned on the thirteenth Day of October anno Dom. 1399. 1399. and Ireland was committed to the Care of Sir John Stanly 1399. Lord Lieutenant who came over thither Cotton's Records 390. on the tenth Day of December In his time the King obtained a Subsidy in England for three Years to provide for the Affairs of Ireland c. And about Whitsontide the Constable of Dublin-Castle and others near Strangford in Vlster encountred the Scots at Sea 1400. but with very ill Success for many Englishmen were there slain and drowned About this time the Town of Kilkenny was walled by Robert Talbot 1401. And about May the Lord Lieutenant repaired to England leaving his Brother Sir William Stanly Lord Deputy who on the twenty third Day of August surrendred unto Stephen Scroop Lord Deputy to the King's Son Thomas Duke of Lancaster who it seems came over only to provide and prepare for the Reception of Thomas Duke of Lancaster Seneschal of England and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland who landed on S. Bines-Day And on the fifth of July John Drake Mayor of Dublin with a Band of Citizens encountred and defeated four thousand Irish Outlaws near Bray in the Borders of Wicklow and slew four hundred ninety three of their best Men. This Lord Lieutenant held a Parliament in Dublin 1402. in September during which Sir Bartholomew Verdon James White Christopher White and Stephen Gernon slew John Dowdal Sheriff of Louth in Vrgile and committed sundry other Felonies and Robberies for which they were Outlawed and their Estates disposed of by Custodiam Cotton's Records 431. but afterwards the King pardoned them their Lives and restored them their Estates during their respective Lives only In October Daniel O Birne Lib. D. for him and his Sept or Nation submitted to the Lord Lieutenant and promised Allegiance and good Behaviour and to manifest his Sincerity he granted to the King the Castle of Mackenigan with the Apurtenances And on the thirteenth of December the Lord Lieutenant by Indenture set the Ferny in the County of Louth except the King's Castle to Aghy mac Mahon for Life Davis 48 at the Rent of ten Pound per Annum and Mac Mahon covenanted to be a good Subject And in February following O Reyly covenanted with the Lord Lieutenant and also swore to perform to the King during the minority of Mortimer all the Covenants he was obliged to perform to Roger Mortimer Earl of March and Vlster In May Sir Walter Betterly Steward of Vlster 1403. and thirty English were all slain And on the eleventh of November following the Duke returned to England and left Sir Stephen Scroop Lord Deputy 1404. who on the twenty sixth Day of October resigned to James Earl of Ormond 1405. Lord Justice who in April 1405 held a Parliament at Dublin and there the Statutes of Dublin and Kilkenny were confirmed as also the Charter of Ireland And this good Act was followed by good Success for in May two Scotch Barks were taken near Greencastle and another near Dalkye with their Captain Macgolagh Moreover the Merchants of Droghedae made Incursion into Scotland and brought thence both Pledges and Preys And the Dublinians also entred Scotland at S. Ninian and behaved themselves valiantly They also did the Welsh much harm and brought from thence the Shrine of S. Cubins which they placed in Christ-Church Dublin However the Irish burnt Oghgard and on the sixth of September the Lord Justice died at Gauran and was succeeded by Girald Earl of Kildare 1406. who probably was chosen Lord Justice by the Council In his time the Dublinians and their Neighbours on Corpus Christi-Day vanquished the Irish Enemies and took three Ensigns and brought to Dublin the Heads of those they had slain And the Prior of Conal had as good Success in the Plains of Kildare for with twenty Englishmen he defeated two hundred Irish and killed many of them But after Michaelmas came over Sir Stephen Scroop Lord Deputy He held a Parliament at Dublin in January which in the Lent after ended at Trim And about the latter end of February Meyler Birmingham slew Cathol O Connor About May the Lord Deputy 1407. accompanied with the Earls of Ormond and Desmond the Prior of Kilmainham and other Captains and Gentlemen of Meath set out from Dublin and invaded the Territory of Mac Morough at first the Irish had the better but at length the Constancy and Resolution of the English prevailed and O Nolan and his Son and others were taken Prisoners and after this was done they marched speedily to Calan in the County of Kikenny upon some Intelligence they had of the Rebels being thereabout and they so surprized them that the whole Party was routed and O Carol and eight hundred Men slain upon the Place But in June the Lord Deputy went to England and the Nobility and Council elected James Earl of Ormond Lord Justice In whose time a barbarous Tory called Mac Gilmore who is reported to have destroyed forty Churches and was never Christened had taken Prisoner Patrick Savage a Gentleman of great Esteem in Vlster they agreed upon his Ransome to be two thousand Marks and his Brother Richard was to become Hostage for it But this Subtle Barbarian managed the matter so that he received the Ransome according to Agreement and afterwards he murdered both the Brethren This Lord Justice held a Parliament at Dublin 1408. which confirmed the Statutes of Dublin and Kilkenny and also the Statute against Purveyors And on the second of August Thomas Duke of Lancaster came over Lord Lieutenant It seems that the Terms on which he undertook the Government were these First Lib. G. He was to hold the Place for seven Years Secondly He was to have five hundred Men at Arms and one thousand Archers for three Years Thirdly To have a Years Pay in Hand and afterwards to be paid every half Year Fourthly One thousand Marks per annum for himself and to be paid the Charge of Transportation
to and from England Fifthly That a certain Fund be appointed for their Pay Sixthly That at the King's Charge he might have a Family or two out of every Parish in England to inhabit Ireland Seventhly To have Power of granting Benefices and of making a Deputy And Lastly That the Demesnes of the Crown may be resumed and the Acts of Absentees may be executed The Lord Lieutenant within a Week after he came to Dublin caused the Earl of Kildare and three of his Family to be arrested and suffered the Earls Goods to be rifled and spoiled by the Duke's Servants and kept the Earl himself in Prison in Dublin Castle until he paid three hundred Marks It is recorded that the Lord Lieutenant was desperately wounded in an Encounter at Kilmainham and hardly escaped with Life but it is not mentioned how nor by whom but it seems he design'd to revenge it and to make a general Hosting for he made Proclamation that all such as ought by their Tenures to serve the King should assemble together at Ross He also held a Parliament at Kilkenny for a Tallage to be granted but what Success he had in these Assemblies is not so manifest as it is that he went to England on the 13th of March leaving Thomas Butler 1409. Prior of Kilmainham his Deputy in whose time the King gave the Sword to the City of Dublin and changed their PROVOST into a MAYOR and not long after the Barbarous Mac Gilmore being routed and pursued by the Savages fled to the Church of the Friers Minors at Carigfergus which he had formerly defaced but they got into the Windows whence this Tory had formerly taken the Iron Bars and there they put an end to his Villany and his Life In Vlster Jenico de Artois the famous Gascoigne behaved himself briskly and slew eighty of the Rebels in a Skirmish he had with them But on the twenty first of May or rather the thirteenth of June the Parliament began at Dublin 1410. and made it Treason to take Coyn and Livery Lib. D. and on the tenth of July the Lord Justice took the Castles of Mibraclide in Offerol and De-la-mare It seems he proceeded to invade O Birns Country with fifteen hundred Kerns or Irish Souldiers and the Consequence was that they betrayed him and half of them went over to the Enemy so that it had gone hard with the Lord Justice if the Power of Dublin had not been there and yet he escaped not without loss for John Derpatrick was there slain The next Year was probably more quiet 1411. for there is nothing recorded of it except some considerable Marriages amongst the Grandees On the tenth of April 1412. O Connor did much Mischief in Meath and took an hundred and forty English and O Tool and Thomas Fitz-Maurice Sheriss of Limerick kill'd each other in a Duel About this time the King granted the Town and Ferry of Inishonan Lib. G. to Philip de Barry and it is to be noted that almost in every Parliament holden in England during this Reign the danger of Ireland is remembred although very little was done for it because of the frequent Troubles in England and so we come to the 20th day of March on which the King died at the Abbot of Westminster's House in the fourteenâ—h Year of his Reign and of his Age the forty seventh He died so very poor that his Executors refused to administer and therefore the Archbishop of Canterbury who is Ordinary to the Court where-ever it is exposed the Kings Goods to Sale and King Henry the Fifth bought them for the value to be paid the Executors to be disposed of according to his Fathers Will Rolls Abr. 906. but it seems he never paid the Money for it was afterwards ordained in Parliament 4 Inst 335 that the Executors should not be sued by the Creditors The Bishop of Meath is said to have been Lord Justice about the Year 1402. But because I do find him omitted by others and do not find that he did any thing worth mention I have therefore not inserted him as Lord Justice in Order THE REIGN OF HENRY V. King of England c. And LORD of IRELAND HENRY the Fifth succeeded his Father without any opposition and all the Nobility taking it then for a Law that the Crown belonged to the Heir of him that died last seized swore Homage and Allegiance to him before Coronation 1412. which was not usual in those days but this Magnanimous Prince was so taken up with Designs against France that Ireland was but little regarded in his Reign For the present He continued in the Government Thomas 1413. Prior of Kilmainham who did not long remain therein before he surrendred unto Sir John Stanly Lord Lieutenant he Landed at Clantarf the 7th of October and on the 6th of January after died at Ardee whereupon on the 11th of February the Nobility elected Thomas Crawly Lord Justice He was twice Chancellor and then Archbishop of Dublin and was a Man of fingular Piety and Learning and it is to be noted That the Parliament sate at Dublin the 26th of February so that it could not have above fifteen days of Summons though the Day of the Lord Justice his Admittance to the Government and the Day of the Session be included the Irish burnt the Pale during this Parliament as they used to do and therefore a Tax or Tallage was demanded but not granted and so that Parliament was dissolved after it had sate fifteen Days However 1414. the valiant Jenico de Artois invaded the Territory of Macgenis but was so unfortunate to lose many of his Men at Inor whereupon the Irish grew so insolent that the Lord Justice was necessitated to go out in person However he went no farther than Castledermond and there entrusting the Army with the Military men he remained with his Clergy in Procession and at Prayers for the Success of his small Army and the Event answered his expectation for the English slew an hundred of the Irish near Kilkea but that small Victory was soon over-ballanced by a Defeat which the English of Meath received from O Connor on the 10th of May to the Loss of Tho. Maureverar Baron of Shrine and many others and to the imprisonment of Christopher Fleming and John Dardis This Loss discovered the necessity of sending a Martial Man to the Government of Ireland and therefore on the 10th day of September Sir John Talbot Lord Furnival Lord Lieutenant Landed at Dalkye and immediately made a Circular Progress round the Pale in warlike manner He began with the Birns Tools and Cavenaghs on the South and so passing to the O Moors O Connors and O Ferrals in the West and ending with the O Relyes Mac Mahons O Neals and O Hanlons in the North he brought them all to the Kings Peace but he brought no Forces with him out of England and therefore though he had Strength enough to
Ireland they proceeded to crown this Impostor at Christ-Church in Dublin with a Crown which they took from the Statue of the Virgin Mary in S. Mary-Abby and this Ceremony was rendred more solemn by a Sermon preached by the Bishop of Meath on the occasion and by the Attendance of the Lord Deputy the Chancellor Treasurer and other the great Officers of State And after he was crowned they carried him in Triumph upon the Shoulders of Great Darcy of Platten But the good Archbishop of Armagh refused to be present at this ridiculous Pageantry for which they gave him all the Trouble they could But it seems they were conscious of their Misdemeanour in this Matter and they knew how to purchase Absolution and therefore they called a Parliament or Assembly in the Name of their new King and the Clergy gave the Pope a Subsidy to absolve them So eager were these People to follow the Fortunes of this Mock-King that Thomas Fitz-Girald resigned the Chancellorship to the Lord of Portlester the better to be at liberty and so together they went for England and landed in Lancashire where Sir Thomas Broughton and his Party joyned them they marched through Yorkshire to Newark and being stopt there they turned aside to Notinghamshire and near the Village of Stoke 1487. on the the eleventh of June after a desperate Fight for three Hours they were totally defeated and all the Commanders and four thousand Soldiers slain and Lambert and his Master Symon were taken Prisoners and the latter was imprisoned and the former made one of the King's Falconers In December James Fitz-Thomas Decemb. 7. Earl of Desmond in the twenty eighth Year of his Age was murdered at Rakele by his Servant Shane Maunta and others who were all taken and executed for it by Maurice his Brother and Successor in that Earldom The Earl of Kildare and the other Ministers of State that were Faulty sent Messengers to the King to implore his Pardon which after some exprobration and reprimand was obtained and he was still continued in his Office of Lord Deputy Ware 14 And the same Year the Inconveniences of Sanctuaries were somewhat lessned by the Pope's Bull for the better Regulation of them It seems strange That hitherto the King did not send any Soldiers into Ireland to suppress the remainder of the Faction of York perhaps he knew That if he took any severe course with them it would utterly destroy the Pale and by weakning the small Colony of English would turn to the Advantage of the Irish and therefore he contented himself with the Submission of those that had been Faulty and sent over Sir Richard Edgcomb to take new Oaths of Allegiance of the Nobility and Gentry and to bind them in Recognizance to performance and thereupon to give them a Pardon He brought with him five hundred Men which was rather a Guard than an Army and he arrived at Kingsale with five Ships on the twenty seventh Day of June he did not intend to come on Shoar there and therefore the Lord Thomas Barry i.e. Barry oge came on Board and there did his Homage for his Barony and took his Oath of Allegiance but the next Day Sir Richard Edgcomb at the Importunity of James Lord Courcy and the Inhabitants of Kingsale did come into the Town and in their Parish Church dedicated to S. Multotius the Lord Courcy did Homage and he and the Townsmen swore Allegiance and entred into Recognizance for the Observation of it whereupon they were pardoned And so after Dinner Edgcomb sailed toward Waterford where he arrived the last Day of June and having applauded the Loyalty of that City and assured them That the King would liberally remunerate their Fidelity he set Sail for Dublin and there he arrived the fifth Day of July and was received by the Mayor and Citizens in most humble and submissive manner at the Gate of the Abby of the Friers Preachers where he was to lodge The Earl of Kildare was then upon some Exploit against the Irish so that he did not come to Dublin until the twelfth of July and then he sent the Bishop of Meath the Lord Slane and others unto Edgcomb to conduct him to S. Thomas-Court where the Lord Deputy lay Thither did Sir Richard come and with a stern Countenance delivered the King's Letters to the Lord Deputy after which they had a Private Conference but many of the Nobility being absent nothing more was done at that time and so they departed the Lord Deputy went to Minooth and Sir Richard Edgcomb returned to the Abby The next Day being Sunday Edgcomb caused to be read in Christ Church after Sermon the Absolution of the former Excommunication which the Pope had lately granted at the King's Request unto all those that should thenceforward continue loyal to his Majesty and after some time and many Expostulations between the Commissioners and the Nobility they did at last agree on the Form of an Oath to be found at large in Sir James Wares Annals p. 17. Wherein this is observable that they swore not to hinder or disturb the excommunication of all such as should oppose the King of what Quality soever they should be And in the Oath of the Clergy it was added that they should publish the Popes Excommunication against all the Kings Rebels or Enemies in Ireland as often as they should be thereunto required Salvo Ordine Episcopali c. And so on the 21st of July the Earl of Kildare being first absolved from the former Excommunication after the usual manner in time of Divine Service did Homage to the Kings Commissioner in the great Chamber in Thomas Court and swore Allegiance and entred into Recognizance for the due Observation of it and then Edgecomb gave him his Pardon and put a Gold-Chain about his Neck which the King had sent him for a Present to signifie his Majesties entire Reconcilation to him The like Oaths and Recognizances were made by Rowland Eustace Baron of Portlester Lord High Treasurer Robert Preston Viscount Gormanstown James Fleming Baron of Slane Nicholas St. Laurence Baron of Houth Christopher Barnewal Baron of Trimletstown John Plunket Baron of Dunsany Walter Archbishop of Dublin John Walton who had resigned that Archbishoprick reserving the Mannor of Swords to live upon during Life John Bishop of Meath Edmond Bishop of Kildare John Purcell Abbot of St. Thomas Abby Walter Champflour Abbot of St. Maryes and James Cogan Prior of Holm-Patrick and then Sir Richard Edgecomb entertain'd them all at a splendid Banquet at his Lodgings and the next day the Mayor and Citizens of Dublin took their Oaths at the Tolsel and remitted a Copy of the Oath under the City-Seal to the King to certifie His Majesty that they had taken it And so on the 23d day of July Edgecomb went to Drogheda and thence to Trim and both those Towns as also the Prior of St. Peters near Trim and the Abbots of Navan and Beclif did in like manner
secret and of great forecast very staid in Speech dangerous of every Trifle that touched his Reputation Kildare was open and plain hardly able to rule himself when he was moved to Anger not so sharp as short being easily displeased and sooner appeased being in a Rage with certain of his Servants for Faults they committed one of his Horsemen offered Master Boice a Gentleman that retained to him an Irish Hobby on condition That he would pluck an Hair from the Earl his Beard Boice taking the Profer at rebound stept to the Earl with whose good Nature he was throughly acquainted parching in the Heat of his Choler and said So it is and if it like your good Lordship one of your Horsemen promised me a choice Horse if I snip one Hair from your Beard Well quoth the Earl I agree thereto but if thou pluck any more than one I promise thee to bring my Fist from thine Ear. But after all this simple Story is founded on a Mistake for the Earl of Ormond whose Name was Thomas lived in England in great Repute all the Reign of Henry the Seventh and afterwards until his Death anno 1515 and therefore the Person intended by the Story must by Sir James Ormond formerly Lord High Treasurer whom I have often mentioned in the Reign of the last King But this digression has been too long 1513. let us therefore return to the Lord Deputy whom we shall find animated with the last Years Success and resolved to invade Ely O Carol early in the Summer but his Preparations being great took up more time than he thought they would require but at last they were got ready and he began his March in August but at Athy he fell sick and from thence was removed to Kildare where on the third Day of September he died and was buried in Christ Church in Dublin to which he had been a liberal Benefactor And thus were the great Designs of this mighty Lord defeated even in the midst of his Career and at the very time when he promised himself most Glory and Success Gerald Earl of Kildare Son of the deceased Earl and Lord Treasurer was by virtue of the Act of Parliament formerly mentioned anno 10 Hen. 7. and by reason of his Place of Treasurer Spelm. Glos 334. made Lord Justice by assent of the Council But it seems that afterwards viz. 32 Hen. 8. there was a Statute made intituled An Act for the electing of the Lord Justice which restrained the Council from electing any body but an Englishman born and not in Orders The Lord of Slane was made Lord High Treasurer and Sir William Crompton Lord Chancellor and all other publick Matters were ordered as well and expeditiously as they could nevertheless so much time was taken up in these Alterations and in the Formalities of State that the Season was too far spent for any military Action this Year so that Daniel Mac william met with little Interruption in taking the Castle of Dunluce nor did the rest of the Irish find any Opposition this Winter but ravaged over the Country as they pleased However they paid dearly for it the next Spring For the valiant Earl of Kildare 1514. who was Heir to his Fathers Courage as well as to his Honour grew impatient at the Insolencies of O More and O Reyly and therefore resolved to attack them successively He began with O More and invaded the county of Leix and beat that Rebel and his Party into the Woods which being done he turned aside into the Brenny and took the Castle of Cavan and having slain Hugh O Reyly and many of his Followers he chased the rest into their inaccessible Fastnesses and then burnt and destroyed the Country and returned loaden with Booty William Viscount Gormanstown was the thirteenth of June made Lord Justice 1515. probably in the Absence of the Earl of Kildare who might then go to England to confer with the King about the Parliament designed to be holden in the Spring But however that be it is certain That Girald Earl of Kildare was by the King made Lord Deputy and on the twenty fifth Day of February held a Parliament at Dublin which by several Prorogations continued until the Thursday after Michaelmas 1517. Ware 92. This Parliament gave the King a Subsidy and made one good Act for those times viz. That no Man shall be compelled by Privy Seal to answer any Complaint in England until the Accuser enters into Recognizance in the Chancery of Ireland to pay the Defendant his Costs and Damages if he be acquit which very much abated that vexatious Course of Proceeding so that it is now obsolete and quite out of use On the third Day of August Ware 93. died Thomas Earl of Ormond at London he had been Embassador into France Privy-Counsellor in England and had Place in the English Parliament above all the Barons He was the richest Subject the King had and left forty thousand Pound in Money besides Jewels and as much Land to his two Daughters in England as at this Day would yield thirty thousand Pound per annum but he left no Issue Male to enjoy his Irish Estate which therefore descended to his Kinsman Sir Pierce Butler Earl of Ormond The Lord Deputy to repress the Incursions of the bordering Irish 1516. and to shew himself as fit for War as Peace invaded Imaly and slew Shane O Toole in Battle and sent his Head to the Mayor of Dublin Thence he marched into Ely O Carol where he was joyned by several Noblemen of Munster and Leinster of English Extraction and particularly by Pierce Earl of Ormond and James eldest Son of the Earl of Desmond and being strengthned with this Supply he undertook the Seige of Lemevan-Castle which the Garrison defended for a Week and then by Night deserted and left it to be demolished as it was by the Lord Deputy With this good Success he was encouraged to attempt the Town of Clonmel which he did with so much celerity that the Townsmen being surprized immediately surrendred upon Conditions And so the Deputy ended this Campeign and returned loaden with Hostages Prey and Glory It is worthy observation That the Irish had great Expectations of Advantage this Year by reason of a blind Prophecy generally believed among them Ware 95. That the poorest and weakest Sept in Ireland should this Year prove the most Powerful and Warlike It is probable that they were encouraged thereby to provoke the Lord Deputy to the aforesaid Expedition But however that be this is certain That Superstition hath been often fatal to the Irish Nation But Kildare finding it necessary to advance his Victorious Arms in Vlster 1517. reinforced his Troops and marched into Lecale where he took the Castle of Dundrum which had been very offensive to the neighbouring English thence he marched against Fylemy Macgenis whom he easily conquered and took Prisoner with the Slaughter of many of his Followers
Souls paid Tribute to Caesar though no Christian greater Honour then surely is due to your Prince His Highness the King and a Christian one Rome and her Bishops in the Fathers Days acknowledged Emperors Kings and Princes to be Supreme over their Dominions nay Christs own Vicars and it is much to the Bishop of Rome's shame to deny what their precedent Bishops owned Therefore his Highness claims but what he can justifie the Bishop Elutherius gave to S. Lucius the first Christian King of the Britains so that I shall without scrupling vote his Highness King Henry my Supreme over Ecclesiastical Matters as well as Temporal and Head thereof even of both Isles England and Ireland and that without Guilt of Conscience or Sin to God and he who will not pass this Act as I do is no true Subject to his Highness XIII That the King and his Heirs and Successors for ever shall have the twentieth part of the yearly Profits Revenues Rents Farms Titles Offerings and Emoluments Spiritual and Temporal belonging to any Archbishoprick Bishoprick Abbacy Monastery Priory Arch-Deaconry Deanry Hospital Comandry College House Collegiate Prebend Cathedral-Church Collegiate Church Conventual Church Parsonage Vicarage Chantry or Free Chappel or other Promotion Spiritual whatsoever And the King was so well pleased with this Act Lib. H. that he sent a particular Letter of Thanks to the Lords Spiritual for granting him the twentieth part of their Livings yearly for ever XIV That no Subject shall be shaved above his Ears or wear Glibbs or Crom-meals i.e. Hair on the upper Lip or Linnen died in Saffron or above seven yards of Linnen in their Shifts and that no Woman wear any Kirtle or Coat tucked up or embroydered or garnished with Silk or couched ne laid with Usker after the Irish Fashion and that no Person wear Mantles Coats or Hoods after the Irish Fashion except Women Horse-boys Cow-boys and Soldiers at the rising out and Hostings all which may wear Mantles And that every body shall endeavour to learn the English Language and conform to the English Fashion c. XV. And that Benefices shall not be given to any that cannot speak English unless after four Proclamations in the next Market-Town to the Benefice on four several Market-Days a Person that can speak English cannot be got and that then an honest able Irishman may be admitted on his Oath that he shall do his utmost endeavour to learn the English Language and observe the English Order and Fashion and teach those under him to do the like and shall keep an English School in his Parish to that purpose c. XVI An Act for the Suppression of Abbies XVII An Act against transporting of Wool and Flocks XVIII An Act about the Proof of Testaments XIX The Act of Faculties prohibiting the Subjects from paying any Pensions Cences Portions Peter-pence or any other Impositions to the use of the Pope and extinguishing and suppressing them for ever and authorizing Commissioners appointed by the King to grant Faculties and Dispensations as the Archbishop of Canterbury may do in England by vertue of the Act of Faculties there which is made of Force in Ireland XX. That Poyning's Act be suspended pro hac vice XXI An Act for Limitation of Actions on Penal Statutes viz. That Actions in the King's Name be commenced within three years after the Offence and Actions Popular within one year XXII An Act for prostrating the Wares on the River Barrow c. XXIII An Act for uniting and annexing the Parsonages and Vicarages of Dungarvan c. to the Crown XXIV That no body presume to leaze Corn whilst there be any Stacks or Reeks of Corn in the Field And that every man that cannot keep his Child at School do at ten years of Age put him to Handicraft or Husbandry XXV That the Leases made or to be made by the King's Commissioners viz. Saintleger Pawlet c. shall be good and valid any defect of Inquisition or Office c. notwithstanding Lastly An Act for the first Fruits of the great Abbies and Monasteries c. which were not vested in the King by the above Act ch 16. But this Statute is become useless by a subsequent Act that gives all the Abbies c. to the King And these are all the Acts of this Parliament to be found in the printed Statute-Book which I do not pretend to have critically or exactly abridged because I think it necessary for every man that will be nicely instructed in any Statute-Law to read the Statute at large and not to trust to an Abridgment but I have endeavoured to give such an Historical Account of these Acts as may illustrate this Collection and give the Reader some Light into the Affairs of those times Nor must it be forgotten that many of these Statutes are made in the later Sessions of this Parliament Anno 1537. And besides these Printed Acts there was another Law made at this Parliament against Fosterings and Marriage with the Irish and it was thereby made Treason to marry with the Child of any Man who had not swore allegiance and entred into Recognizance to observe it but this severe Law was repeal'd 11 Jac. 1. cap. 5. But whilst the Nobility and Gentry were at the Parliament O Connor made use of the opportunity as he used to do and invaded the Pale his Fury lighted most on the Barony of Carbry in the County of Kildare which he preyed and burnt and to revenge it the Lord Trimletstown and the Vice-Treasurer Brabazon with such men as they could on the sudden get together made an Incursion into Offaly and in like manner wasted and destroyed that Country which obliged O Connor to return home as fast as he could Sir William Brereton was likewise sent to the Confines of Vlster to parly with O Neal who complained That the League made between the Lord Deputy Skeffington and him was not duly observed on the English side so after some Expostulations upon that Point the same Agreement was renewed and confirmed And about the same time the King to reward the City of Waterford for its Loyalty and firm adhesion to the Crown sent to that City a gilt Sword and a Cap of Maintainance But John Earl of Desmond being dead the new Earl James who was a very active or rather a turbulent man began new Disturbances in Munster but he was timely opposed by the Lord Butler who wasted his Lands in the County of Limerick and repair'd and Garrison'd the Castle of Loghguir and it seems that the Lord Deputy came to Kilkenny the twenty fourth of July and having adjourned the Parliament Lib. D. as aforesaid he came to Loghguir the last of July and the next day he went to Carrigonel and took it the second of August and they say for some private Advantage redelivered it to the former Owner on the sixth of August they marched to Bryans-bridge and took the Castles and broke the Bridge but by the improvidence of
3. To reduce Shane O Neal by force or otherwise 4. To invest the Baron of Dungannon in the Earldom of Tyrone if the Lord Lieutenant think fit 5. To apprehend the O Brians that oppose the Earl of Thomond 6. To make the Clerk of the Council Secretary of State 7. To make a Statute of Uses next Parliament 8. To grant Estates Tayl by Patent to all the Irish that will surrender 9. To reserve the best Rent that was at any time heretofore reserved on the Crown Leases and the Tenant to find a Horseman for every forty Pound Rent and a Footman for every six Pound thirteen Shillings and four Pence and if any Lease be voidable to let the Tenant renew increasing his Rent according to the best Survey 10. To augment the Revenue in granting of Wards and making them sue Livery and to collect and print the necessary Statutes It seems this Lord Lieutenant managed his Affairs well in Vlster 1561. although the Particulars are not recorded any where that I could find Lib. â— for on the sixth day of January Shane O Neal made his Submission to him and thereupon on the twenty second of the same Month he went to England leaving Sir William Fitz Williams Lord Justice 1562. who was sworn on the second Day of February and continued until the twenty fourth day of July and then Thomas Earl of Sussex Lord Lieutenant returned again and finding that the inconstant Shane O Neal had apostatized into Rebellion he prepared as fast as he could to reduce him to Obedience but the Winter approaching so near he was forced to adjourn his Design till the Spring and then on the first day of April he set forward 1563. and on the ninth there hapned a Fray between some Kirne in his Camp to the Slaughter of two or three of them but the Lord Lieutenant by his Authority composed that Matter On the thirteenth of April the English discovered an Ambush laid by Shane O Neal and fell upon them so that one and twenty of the Rebels were killed On the sixteenth the Lord Lieutenant passed over the Blackwater and took a Prey of two hundred Kine And on the twenty sixth he came back to Dundalk On the first of June he advanced again to Dungannon and quartered there and the next day came to Tulloghoge and undestanding that O Neale and his Party were in a Fastness not far off the English attacked them and drove them farther into the Woods And on the third of June the English took eighty Cattle and killed four or five Rebels And on the fourth the Army returned to Armagh And on the sixth day of June they took a Prey of three thousand Kine and one thousand five hundred Garons and Mares which were divided among the Soldiers and so the Army returned to Drogheda Hereupon O Neal being shrewdly terrified Cambden 121 and being also advised by the Earl of Kildare made his Submission to the Lord Lieutenant and promised to do the like in England which he performed in the presence of the Embassadors of Sweden and Savoy and upon his Promise of amendment he was taken into Favour and the Queen gave him some Presents and lent him two thousand five hundred Pound and ordered Sir Thomas Worth and Sir Nicholas Arnold whom she sent Commissioners into Ireland to establish a College at St. Patrick's Church c. to make an Enquiry about a Complaint that O Neal had made That one John Smith had design'd or attempted to poyson him After his Return home he behaved himself civilly and loyally for some time he assail'd the Scots and slew their Captain James Mac Conal and drove them out of Vlster he protected the poor from Injury and was orderly in every thing except his Tyranny over the Lords and Gentlemen of Vlster whom he challenged to be his Vassals Whereupon Macguire and others complained to the Government but O Neal disdaining to have his Princely Claim tried in a Court grows enraged at Macguire for putting the Dilemma upon him either of running into Rebellion again or submitting his Title to the Lord Lieutenant's determination 1564. and in this Fury O Neal invades Fermanagh expels Macguire burns the Cathedral Church of Armagh and besieges Dundalk but the Valour of the Garrison preserved the place till William Sarsfield Mayor of Dublin and a choice Band of Citizens raised the Siege nevertheless O Neal spoil'd and wasted the adjacent Country The Lord Lieut to revenge this proceeded briskly against O Neal Burlace 126. but before he could bring his Designs to perfection he was recalled in his time the Country of Annaly was made Shire-Ground and is called the County of Longford and Connaught was divided into six Counties Clare Galwey Sligo Mayo Letrim and Roscomon he also erected a kind of a Post-Office for the better Correspondence between England and Ireland Holingsh 114. And yet there are some who not without probability attribute these good Works to Sir Henry Sydny On the first of February there hapned a bloody Conflict between the Earls of Ormond and Desmond Lib. P. at Athmean or Affane in the County of Waterford where the latter lost two hundred and eighty of his Men but not long after the Lord Lieutenant was recalled and Sir Nicholas Arnold 1565. Lord Justice was sworn the twenty fifth of May and had an Army or rather a Garrison of fifteen hundred and ninety six Soldiers with which he made a shift to keep what he had but he did not enjoy that Honour long before Sir Henry Sydny Knight of the Garter Lord President of Wales came over Lord Deputy he Landed on the thirteenth of January and was sworn the next Sunday after being the twentieth he was received with great joy being a Person of whose excellent Government that Kingdom had long Experience and when he received the Sword he made an eloquent and pithy Speech to this effect setting forth what a precious thing good Government is and how all Realms Commonwealths Cities and Countries do flourish and prosper Hooker 111. where the same is orderly in quiet Justice and Wisdom directed and governed Secondly What a continual Care the Queens Highness hath had and yet hath not only for the good guiding and ruling of the Realm of England but also of Ireland which she so earnestly desireth and wisheth to be preserved as well in Peace as in War That she hath made great Choice from time to time of the most Grave Wise and Expert Counsellors for the one and the most Valiant Skilful and expert Men of Arms for the other That both in Peace and Wars the publick State of the Commonwealth and every Member therein might be conserved defended and kept in Safety under her Government And for the performance thereof her Majesty over and besides the Revenues of the Crown of Ireland did yearly far above any of her Progenitors expend of her own Coffers out of England great Masses of Money
Place to none of them That his Ancestors were Kings of Ulster That he won Ulster by the Sword and would keep it by the Sword Which for some time he performed but he kept it not long The Queen sent Sir Francis Knolls her Vice-Chamberlain to confer with the Deputy about the Suppression of O Neal He arrived at Dublin the seventh day of May and they resolved the Service should be performed the following Winter and that necessary Preparations should be made for it against that time In the mean time O Neal Rendezvouz'd at his House six Mile from Dundalk and Mustered four thousand Foot and seven hundred Horse with which he besieged Dundalk but the Garrison so valiantly defended it that he was forced shamefully to raise his Siege nor had he better Success at Whites-Castle nevertheless he made Inroads and Incursions into the Pale and did much mischief though a small Brigade appointed to watch his Proceedings did so gall and incommode him that he was forced to return with shame and loss But we must look back to July 1565 Davis 63. at which time the Army did not exceed twelve hundred Men until Colonel Randolph with seven hundred Souldiers was sent from England to Derry and there they intrenched and kept themselves safe until the Lord Deputy Sydny came to them and having staid there six days and put things in as good order as was possible he left them fifty Horse under Captain Harvy and seven hundred Foot under Captain Cornwal and a competent quantity of Ammunition Victuals and other Necessaries and so returned through Tyrconnel and Connaught to Dublin But O Neal very well knew that he should not be quiet in Vlster if he suffered that Garrison at Derry and therefore in October 1585. he incamped within two Mile of Derry with two thousand five hundred Foot and three hundred Horse and made many Bravadoes to entice and draw them out from their Garrison and accordingly it hapned but with other Success than O Neal expected For Colonel Randolph sallied out with three hundred Foot and fifty Horse and having made an Halt on the Ground where he designed to fight he there received the Enemies Charge and then fell upon them so suriously that he soon put the Rebels to flight and made them leave four hundred of their Companions dead on the Place without the loss of one Man on the English side except only the Colonel himself who was there slain Colonel Saintlow succeeded him in the Command of the Garrison and lived as quietly as could be desired for the Rebels were so daunted by the former Defeaâ— that they did not dare to make any new Attempt 1566. but unluckily on the twenty fourth day of April the Ammunition took Fire and blew up both the Town and the Fort of Derry whereby twenty Men were killed and all the Victuals and Provisions were destroyed and no possibility left of getting more so that the Soldiers were necessitated to imbark for Dublin only Captain George Harvy and his Troop being loth to kill their Horses took a resolution to march round through Tyrconnel and Connaught and valiantly performed it and although they were forced to march four days through an Enemies Country and were all that time pursued by a multitude of Rebels yet they got safe to Dublin to the great admiration of the Lord Deputy and Council But Mr. Sullevan makes a pleasant Story of this Sullevan 84. and tells us That Saint Columbus or Columkille the Founder and Tutelar Saint of Derry was impatient at the Prophanation of his Church and Cell by the Hereticks the one being made the Repository of the Ammunition and the other being used for their Lutheran Worship and therefore to be revenged on the English for this Sacrilege the Saint assumed the shape of a Wolf and came out from an adjacent Wood and passing by a Smith's Forge he took his Mouth full of red hot coals and ran with it to the Magazine and fiercely spit the Fire into the Room where the Ammunition lay and so set all on fire and forced the Hereticks to seek for new Quarters It seems that Shane O Neal had desired to have a Conference with the L. Deputy near Dundalk to which the L. Deputy consented and came accordingly on the 6th day of May and staid five days but whether Shane O Neal's Mind was altered by this Accident at Derry Irish Stat. 234. or what other Impediment he met with I cannot find but it is certain that he did not come and that he gave the Lord Deputy a second Disappointment in July following But whilst the Lord Deputy was hastning his Preparations to force O Neal to his Duty he received alarms from Munster That the Earl of Desmond was in the Field with two thousand Men and that he designed to joyn O Neal or give the Lord Deputy a Diversion in Munster and it was true that the Earl of Desmond was in the Field with that Force but his Design was to revenge private Injuries which he pretended to have received from the Earl of Ormond the Lords Barry Roch and others and therefore on the Lord Deputy's Summons he appeared at Dublin and together with the Lords Dunboyne and Poer he did according to Order bring up one hundred Horse and accompanied Sir Warham Saintleger to guard the Borders of the Pale whilst the Lord Deputy made the following Expedition to Vlster The Lord Deputy accompanied with the Earl of Kildare 1566. and such others as he thought fit did set out from Tredagh on the seventeenth day of September and encamped that Night at Rosskeath and so marched through Vlster to Galway where he established Sir Edward Fitton President of Connaught and he also took the Castle of Roscommon and left Thomas Lestrange and twenty Horsemen to garrison it and then marched to Athlone where he came on the twenty sixth of October and there discharged the Army and gave Order to build the Bridge of Athlone Hooker 116. In this Journey the Rebels never appeared except once by a Wood near Clogher where they had a small Skirmish wherein several were hurt but never an Englishman slain Contra Cam. as also they appeared with a great Body of Men near Turlogh Lynogh's Castle called the Salmon Eliz. 105. but made no attack The Deputy in this Journey restored O Donel to the Possession of his Country and particularly to the Castles of Ballyshanon and Donegal and received his Homage by Indenture and Oath reserving two hundred Marks per annum to the Queen and a number of Men to every general Hosting in Vlster He also received the Submissions of several that were weary of the Tyranny of O Neal and restored Rosscommon Castle which had been one hundred and forty Years in the Rebels Possession and took O Counot Sligo's Submission and O Connor Dun's Offlyn's c. all which yielded to pay Rent c. And so he retrieved to the Crown a County eighty
usual allowance except the Sallary of 200 Marks per ann which must be reserved for his Brother the Lord President and that the Vice-president's Pension of twenty shillings a day be immediately stopp'd Lib. C. 5. That the Queens Orders be publickly read in Council except they require secrecy and then to be communicated to such of the English Council only as are ordinarily attending on the State 6. That all Offices be given to fit persons who are personally to officiciate except in special cases 7. That the Courts be removed out of the Castle 8. That the Secretary of State keep the Signet as in England and that he make all Bills Warrants and Writings that require Signature and that he keep a Register thereof and have his Fees for the same 9. That the Parliament being ended Vlster might be so settled that the Deputy might repair into Munster to watch the Motions of Spain 10. That suspected persons be secured and that the suspected Inhabitants in Towns be disarm'd and that the Loyal Townsmen be arm'd and disciplin'd and that those that were lately Rebels be enjoyned to keep at home and if the Spaniards land that the Forage be destroy'd and the Cattel removed up into the Countrey The Queen also gave Secretary Fenton particular Instructions about the Plantation of Munster and devised a Plot to this effect Lib. C. That the Undertaker for 12000 Acres should plant 86 Families upon it viz. his own Family should have 1600 Acres one chief Farmer 400 two good Farmers 600 between them other two Farmers 200 apiece fourteen Free-holders each 300 fourty Copyholders each 100 and twenty sixâ— Cottagers and Labourers 800 Acres between them and so proportionably for a lesser Signiory And she ordered that if any unforfeited Lands be intermix'd with the forfeited that the party should be compounded with to his content and brought out that so the Undertaker might have his Manour entire and she also ordered a better Survey to be made of the escheated Lands for the direction of the Commissioners in setting them out to the Undertakers It the mean time the Town of Dingle in Kerry was incorporated with the like Privileges as the Town of Drogbedah enjoyed and there was also a superiority granted to that Corporation over the Harbours of Ventry and Smerwick and the Queen also gave the Townsmen 300 li. towards the walling of the Town The Earl of Desmond and his Complices had forfeited a vast Estate amounting in all to 574628 Acres of Land the Earl himself had a prodigious Revenue for those times and perhaps greater than any other Subject in her Majesty's Dominions For his Rents were as followeth  l. s. d. In the County of Limerick 2413 17 02 Corke 1569 01 11 Kerry 2711 01 02 ½ Waterford 0242 14 02 Typerary 0060 00 00 Dublin 0042 08 00 Total 7039 02 07 ½ And this great Estate except what was restored to Condon the White Knight c. was by the Queen who was intent on the peopling of Munster disposed to certain Undertakers   Rent per ann  Acres l. s. d. Com. Waterford Sir Lib. M. 166. Christopher Hatton 10910 060 07 09 Com. Cork Waterford Sir W. Raleigh 12000 066 13 04 Com. Kerry Sir Edw. Denny 06000 100 00 00 Ibid. Sir William Harbart 13276 221 05 04 Ibid. Charles Harbart 03768 062 15 04 Ibid. John Holly 04422 073 14 00 Ibid. Capt. Jenkin Conwey 00526 008 18 08 Ibid. John Champion 01434 023 18 00 Cork Sir Warham Saint Leger 06000 016 13 04 Ibid. Hugh Cuff 06000 033 06 08 Ibid. Sir Thomas Norris 06000 033 06 08 Ibid. Arthur Robins 01800 010 00 00 Ibid. Arthur Hide 05574 030 19 02 Ibid. Fane Beecher and Hugh Worth 24000 133 06 08 Thomas Say 05778 031 18 08 Arthur Hyde 11766 065 02 10 Edmund Spencer 03028 017 07 06 Cork and Waterford Richard Beacon 06000 033 06 08 Lymerick Sir William Courtney 10500 131 05 00 Ibid. Francis Barkly Esq 07250 087 10 00 Ibid. Robert Anslow 02599 027 01 06 Ibid. Rich. and Alex. Fitton 03026 031 10 05 Ibid. Edmund Manwaring Esq 03747 039 00 7 ½ Limerick Waterf Typerary Sir Edward Fitton 11515 098 19 02 Limerick William Trenchard Esq 1â—000 155 00 00 Ibid. George Thorton Esq 01500 015 12 06 Ibid. Sir George Bourcher 12880 134 04 04 Ibid. Henry Billingsley Esq 11800 147 10 00 Typerary Thomas Earl of Ormond 03000 016 13 04   1976 07 05 And on the 14th of February Letters were written to every County in England to encourage younger Brethren to be undertakers in Ireland and particularly Popham Attorney General was appointed in Somerset-shire to treat with them The Queen's Proposals were to give them Estates in see at 3 d. per Acre in Limerick Conilagh and Kerry one with another and 2 d. per Acre in Cork and Waterford every 300 Acres Demesn to maintain a Gelding every 200 Acres of Tenancy a Foot man arm'd no Irish to be permitted to reside on the Land They were to be Rent-free till March 1590. and to pay but half Rent for three Years from thence they were to hold in Soccage and to have Liberty for ten years to transport the Growth of their Land to any place in amity with England without Custome and to doe no Service till Michaelmas 1590. and then but moderately and be free from Cess for ever and to have Liberty to transport necessaries from England without Custome and they were promised that there should be Garisons on their Frontiers and that they should have Commissioners to decide their Controversies in Munster Lib. D D D. but some of these Covenants the Queen did not perform and particularly that of keeping Forces for their Security and it seems that some of the Undertakers did encroach upon the Lands of the Loyal or protected Irish or at least they made so general a complaint of it that they obtain'd a Proclamation to issue to restrain it In the mean time the Burks a powerfull family in Connaugh finding that they lost much of their Authority by the aforesaid Compositions and the Establishment of a Regular Government in that Province repented of what they had done and formed many groundless Complaints whereupon the Bishops of 〈◊〉 and Meath c. were commissioned to examine and doe them right The Commissioners were indulgent to them and they promised submission and acquiescence but nevertheless in few days after they seduced the 〈◊〉 Joyces c. and went into Rebellion and manned Castle Nikally and Thomas Row's Castle At the same time Mahowne O Brian held the Castle of Clan Owen against the Queen but Bingham in seven days time won it and flew O Brian and razed that Castle and another of Fardaraugh Mac Donels to the ground and Richard Burk on Proof of Confederacy was executed by Marshal Law However the Burks proceeded in their Rebellion and murthered Sixteen of the Officers of Connaugh and invited the Scotish Islanders who to the
thought this Rebellion so formidable that on the third of December 1598. she sent Letters to the Lord President if possible to retain Mac Donough the white Knight and Condon in their Duty by all reasonable favour and persuasion which undoubtedly he endeavoured to doe but all in vain But that all the World may know what Trust is to be given to the wheedlings and Submissions of Irish Rebels it must be remembred that amidst all these Treasons and whilst Tyrone magnified his Victories to the Spaniard and promised he would accept no Conditions from the English yet at the same time he wrote submissive Letters to the Earl of Ormond praying that he might be pardoned and offering to come in but indeed upon unreasonable conditions nor is Camden's Observation to be omitted Camd. Eliz. 566. That by long use it was grown a mischievous custome in Ireland that Rebels and Malefactours might with the Money they had gotten by Pillage and Plunder procure for themselves Protections and escape without Punishment The Queen was sollicitous to find a Governour fit for this disordered Kingdom and no body seem'd more proper for it then the Lord Montjoy but he durst not stand in competition with the great Favourite of his time the Earl of Essex who covering this great Authority and Station at once gratified his own Ambition and his Enemies malicious designs for they desired nothing more than his Absence from Court and so Robert Earl of Essex Lord Lieutenant landed on the 15th day of April and was the same day sworn at Dublin his Commission was larger than his Predecessours both in power of pardoning all Treasons and granting many of the great Offices as also in the Power of displacing all Officers that had no Patents and suspending those that had in making and executing Marshall Laws and in disposing the Lands of the Rebels in Fee at a small yearly Crown Rent to be reserved in Commanding all Ships in the absence of the Lord Admiral of England and in issuing the Treasure at Pleasure keeping within the Summe of the Establishment The particulars of the Establishment are to be found Morison 29 the whole of the years charge amounted to 299111 03 07 ½ besides some contingencies Camd. Eliz. 569. which perhaps exceeded 50000 l. more for Ammunition c. his Army was as great and as well furnished as his heart could desire for that service being at first 1300 Horse and 16000 Foot which were afterwards encreased to 20000 men complete and Sir George Cary was made Treasurer at Wars in the room of Wallop His instructions were according to his own former advice to Prosecute the Vlster Rebels and to plant Loghfoyle and Ballyshanon Garisons all which when he came to Ireland he neglected The Earl of Kildare and some gallant Gentlemen went for expedition's sake in a small Vessel but they made more haste than good speed and were all cast away The Council gave the Lord Lieutenant an account of the confused Estate of the Kingdom that there were of the Rebels in Arms In Leinster 3048 Foot 0182 Horse In Vlster 7220 Foot 1702 Horse In Munster 5030 Foot 0242 Horse In Connaugh 3070 Foot 0220 Horse  18368 Foot 2346 Horse Many of the Rebels had sworn at a publick Cross to be stedfast and true to their Religion meaning their Rebellion for the defence of it and even those Irish that were not out in action were so backward to help the Queen that they who could bring 100 Horse and 300 Foot to dispute their private quarrels would not bring six men to assist the State But Essex neglecting the chief Rebels which were in Vlster unfortunately marcht into Munster where he took Cahir Castle on the 30th of May and forced the Lord of Cahir Lord Roch c. to submit he also relieved Askeaton and had two or three Skirmishes with the Sugan Earl of Desmond and did some petty feats altogether unworthy of his Reputation or Army and so marched by Killmallock Mallow Fermoy Lismore Dungarvan Waterford Wexford and Arclow near which he had a small successfull Rencounter with the Rebels to Dublin where he came in the latter end of July his Army being very much diminished in number without any fighting worth mentioning In the mean time on the 15th of June he received advice that both the Spaniards and Scots had supplyed Tyrone with Amunition and that the Rebels were treating with the Scots for Aid and that therefore he had best prevent it by engaging them by better Subsidies according to a Project formerly laid by the Lord Burrough O Sullivan reports that Essex's Army was 7000 Foot and 900 Horse and that Owen Omoor with 500 men fell upon his Rear at Barnaglitty i.e. the Cap of Feathers and did good Execution and took many Plumes of Feathers which occasioned that name to be given to the place of Battel that the Earl of Desmond and Redmond Bourk came to the relief of Cahir whereby that Siege held ten days that Essex marched to Lymerick and thence to Askeaton that Desmond and Daniel Mac Carthy Moor laid an Ambush for him the ill management whereof raised a Feud between Thomas Plunket and Peirce Lacy wherein the former was slain that a Bloudy fight was near Crome where Henry Norris was slain and that for six days Desmond pursued Essex his Rear but there is little credit to be given to that Authour and yet some things that he says must be allowed to be true On the 15th of June Essex wrote a most Excellent Letter to the Queen which contains many good Instructions how to manage an Irish War and though some of his Notions are obsolete now yet because others are very usefull I will recite the Letter at large WHEN this shall come to your Majesty's Hands I know not but whensoever it hath that Honour give it leave I humbly beseech your Majesty to tell you that now having passed through the Provinces of Leinster and Munster and been upon the Frontier of Connaught where the Governour and the chief of the Province were with me I dare begin to give your Majesty some Advertisement of the State of this Kingdom not as before by hear-say but as I beheld it with mine own Eyes The People in general have able Bodies by Nature and have gotten by Custome ready use of Arms and by their late Successes boldness to sight your Majesties Troups In their Pride they value no man but themselves in their Affection they love nothing but idleness and licentiousness in their Rebellion they have no other end but to shake off the Yoak of Obedience to your Majesty and to rout out all remembrance of the English Nation in this Kingdom I say this of the People in general for I find not only a great part thus affected but that it is a general quarrel of the Irish and they who do not profess it are either so few or so false that there is no account to be made of them The Irish
and O Crowlyes of Carbry submitted and came under protection but they relaps'd when the Spaniards landed at King-sale And on the 29. August Cahir Castle was surrendred voluntarily by James Galde by the means of his Brother the Lord of Cahir And about the same time Mac Donough Mac Auliff and O Keef likewise made their submissions The Sugan Earl and Peirce Lacy being enrag'd at the Knight of Kerry's submission invaded his Country but were forc'd by the Knight to return faster then they came two of their Captains and sixteen of their Men being slain And soon after Sir Charles Wilmet took Ardart Castle in Kerry after a good Defence made by the Ward Honora ni Brien Sister to the Earl of Thomond and Wife to the Lord of Kerry invited the famous Maurice Stack to Dine with her at Beauliew where she caus'd him to be barbarously murder'd and the next day her Lord also hang'd his Brother Thomas Stack who was his Prisoner However Wilmot so manag'd his Affairs that the Sugan Earl was forc'd to leave Kerry and in his passage to Arloghwoods was set upon by the Garrison of Kilmallock and 120 of his best Men slain and 80 wounded and 150 Arms and 40 Horses taken as also 300 Garrans loaden with Baggage and all their Cows and Sheep whereby the Earl was quite undone and his Forces scattered and himself forced to fly into Typerary and Ormond and his Brother and Piers Lacy retired into Vlster It is observable that the Irish were so blindly devoted to Popery Cambd. Eliz. 584. that many of those that had been Loyal sent to Rome for a pardon for their sin in not entring into Action and a Dispensation for the time to come from entring into open Rebellion In the mean time the Queen by the Advice of Sir Ro. Cecil and the Lord President sent over James only Son of Garret last Earl of Desmond attended and equipp'd according to his Quality in hopes he might regain the Followers of his Family and reduce them unto their Obedience and Duty His Patent was sent to the President to keep or give it as he should see cause and a Company of Foot was cashier'd for his maintenance which was to be in the President 's House for fear of the worst when he came to Cork the Inhabitants finding he was a Protestant refus'd to entertain him so that he was fain to obtrude himself upon the Mayor where he supp'd and after Supper he wrote a Letter of this usage to the Lords of the Council but the Mayor told him No Letters should go out of his House but what he saw However the Earl sent away his Letters Lib. D. D. D. and the Queen on Notice hereof ordered the Lords of the Council to reprimand the Mayor c. which they did to purpose by their Letter of 10. November 1600. Upon this Earls first coming to Kilmallock multitudes flocked thither to see him and pay their Duty to him but as soon as they saw him go to Church they all forsook him yea cursed him and spit upon him however he prevail'd with Thomas Oge Constable of Castlemayn 4. November to deliver that Castle and two of Peirce Lacy's Sons into his Custody which was all the Service he did or could do whilst he staid in Ireland But it is worth noting that Florence Mac Curty upon the President 's Word came to him to Mallow and assur'd him of his Loyalty by all the Oaths and Asseverations imaginable and yet whilst he was in the House he wrote Letters to Thomas Ogeâ— not to surrender Castlemayn and assured him of Reward and Relief so exceedingly falshearted was this mighty Hypocrite and these Letters were by the diligence of Mr. Boyle afterwards Earl of Cork intercepted However at length he submitted and put in two Pledges on the 29th of October In the mean time Wilmot had taken the Castle of Clancoyne by Sir Fra. Barkly and on Notice that the Lord of Kerry and Knight of the Glin were in the Woods with 80 Men he pursued them so close that he slew 60 of them and narrowly mist the two principals And on the Fifth of November he sat down before the Castle of Listoel and after a good Defence and ten days time it was surrender'd to him together with the Lord of Kerry's Son and all his Chattels About the same time Sir Richard Pearcy sent part of the Garrison of Kingsale to Carbry where near Kilco they took a Prey of 300 Cows and in November took another Prey of 200 Cows in Kinalmeky and now some difference arising between the Cartyes and Learyes about some stolen Cows they had a Battle at Ahakery where O Leary and ten of his men were slain The Lord of Muskry would have reveng'd the slaughter of his Followers but the President would not permit him lest thereby he should put the Country in confusion and make such a Flame as he could not quench In the mean time the Lord or Chief of Muskry was underhand dealing with O Neal whom he advis'd not to trust any of English Extraction and assur'd him he would dissemble with the President until Aid should come and Florence Mac Cartie levied 1000 Bonaughs in hopes of Recruits they daily expected from Connaugh and Vlster and indeed Forces were there assembled for their assistance and they would have Invaded Munster but that Redmond Burk expected great matters from the President and therefore would not disturb his Province and the Sugan Earl was jealous of the Bonaughs and every body was doubtful of Florence Mac Carthy and so this great cloud vanished and the Rebels dispersed into Ormond and Typerary Sir Charles Wilmot drew near to the Abby of Ratoo in Kerry whereupon the Rebels burnt it however he met 100 Bonaughs under Mortagh mac Shihy whereof he slew 40. Dermond O Connor whose Wife was Sister to the Queen's Earl of Desmond was so well pleas'd with the Honours the English did his Brother-in-Law that he resolv'd to come to him and to do some service acceptable to the State and accordingly he obtain'd Pasports but Tybot ni Long who had a Company in the Queens Pay pretending ignorance of his Pasport in favour of the Rebels fell upon him in Claâ—riccard and slew 40 of his men and took him Prisoner and the next day cut off his head whereupon the Queen took away Tybbott's Company from him On the 18th of November the President kept Sessions at Limerick and afterwards at Cashell and on the 28th of November at Clonmell where the Earl of Ormond met him and promis'd to expel the Rebels out of his Palatinate and in order to it in January his Forces assail'd the Rebels slew 40 of them and particularly Thomas Burk Brother of Redmond and took 30 Arms and forc'd Redmond and his Followers into the River Nore where 70 of them were drowned and many with their Baggage taken and particularly John Burk another Brother of Redmonds who was soon after executed at Kilkenny
Three pence per Pound for other Goods due by Common Law But the Irish were very uneasie at the Plantation of Ulster and therefore it was necessary to countenance and protect it with an extraordinary Militia in that Province to support the Charge of which the King 1611. on the 22th day of May instituted the Order of Baronets which was to be Hereditary and not to exceed the number of Two hundred and every of them upon passing the Patent was to pay into the Exchequer as much Money as would maintain Thirty Men in Ulster for Three Years at Eight pence a day But if the Reader desires to know more of this Order I must refer him to Selden's Titles of Honour pag 822. and 909. and The Present State of England pag. 289. and Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle ad Annum 1611. But there had not been a Parliament in Ireland for Seven and twenty Years past since the Twenty seventh Year of Queen Elizabeth's Reign so that it was high time to call one now and the Ministers of State were at work to manage that Matter to the advantage of his Majesty and the English Protestant Interest in that Kingdom which they foresaw would be oppos'd with might and main by all those of the Popish Party and therefore they propos'd that an Order should issue for every Parliament-man to take the Oath of Supremacy and that the Lords should declare their Suffrages openly Content or Not content as in England and not rise and whisper in the Lord Chancellor's Ear as was the Custom in Ireland and that the King should find some Pretence to send for some few of those Noblemen that would most briskly oppose his Intentions as Henry the Eighth had formerly done and particularly that the Lord Courcy might not be suffered to sit in the House because his Ancestors were called by Writ and so his Honour being in Fee-simple did descend to Daughters who were Heirs-general of his Family and that the Lord Shrewsbury's Titles of Honour in Ireland were not * Contra adjudg'd 4. Inst cap. Ireland forfeited by the Act of Absentees and therefore he might have a Voice in that Parliament or make his Proxy and that for the Credit of the Business the Lord Deputy might be Ennobled before the Parliament sat But some of these were not practicable and the rest not thought fit to be done at that time But I must not forget to take notice of a necessary Office in those days tho now it be obsolete viz. the Interpreter to the State which was enjoy'd by Thomas Cahill with an Annual Sallary of 26 l. 6 s. 8 d. In September the Lord Deputy published a Proclamation of the intended Parliament and thereby invited the Subjects to exhibit their Grievances and to consider of Proposals for the Publick Good to be past into Acts and he also signified his Majesty's gracious Intentions to erect some new Corporations for the better Encouragement of the Plantation of Ulster And it seems that the Government was thenceforward imploy'd about the Plantation of Ulster and the Preparation of Bills to be past in the approaching Parliament and in erecting of some new Corporations viz. Belfast Charlemont Aâ—trim Bandon Cloghnikilty Tallow Newry Lifford Donegall Ballyshanon Tâ—â—am Eniskilling Traly Athy Bi r Kilmallock c. The Bills that were design'd to be made Acts of Parliament were 1. An Act to cut Paces and mend High-ways 2. To extinguish Uses and suppress fraudulent Conveyances 3. That Sale in Market overt should not alter Property of Stolen Goods 4. For the Enrolment of Deeds of Bargains and Sale and for Conveyance of Land 5. To try Accessories in Foreign Counties 6. To reduce Peremptory Challenges to Twenty 7. To enable Tenant in Tail to make Leases 8. To deprive some Criminals of Benefit of Clargy as in England 9. For making Linen Cloth sowing Hemp and Flax. 10. For Trial of Pyrates 11. To Re-edifie Cathedral Churches and to remove some of them to Gallway Dingle Carigfergus Newry Wexfoâ—d Cavan c. 12. To restrain Ecclesiastical Persons from Alienating c. 13. Against Pluralities Non-residence or Simony 14. Against Receivers and Harbourers of Jesuits Serminary Priests c. 15. And sending Children beyond Seas 16. Against Idle Holy-days 17. To expeâ— Monks Friarâ— Nuns c. 18. To give the King all Chantries and other Superstitious Uses 19. To establish the Compositions 20. For the Attainder of the Earls of Tyrone Tytconel and others 21. To revive and perpetâ—ate the Impost of Wines 22. To Naturalize Manufactures 23. To resume all Immunities to Corporations from Customs 24. That those Attainded of Treason in England shall forfeit their Estates in Ireland 25. An Act of Recognition 26. To abolish the Brehon Law and Tanistry and Irish Exactions 27. Artificers Apprentices to be Free-men in any Corporation 28. Against Idlers and Vagabonds 29. The Barony to answer the Stealth unless they can track it farther 30. That Bastards take the Name of the Mother and that it be Felony to lay it to any Man 31. No Man to keep a Woman as a Wiâ—â— and turn her away at pleasure on pain of One Years Imprisonment And if any Authorized Priest do divorce it to be Felony 32. Against Usury above Ten per Cent. 33. To impower Judges of Assiâ—â— to raise Taxes for Court-houses and Goals But in November 1612 1612. the Popish Lords dissatisfied with these Proceedings wrote a joynt Letter to the King complaining that the Bills to be passed in the next Parliament were not Communicated to them they also complained of the new Corporations and that the Oath of Supremacy was tendered to Magistrates and they insinuated the Danger of a general Revolt and concluded that if the Laws about Religion were repeal'd a firm and faithful Subjection would be established in their Minds and on the 17 th of May 1613. the Popish Lords did Petition the Lord Deputy to the effect aforesaid adding nevertheless some stubborn and unseemly Expressions and questioning the Kings Prerogative in erecting new Corporations or calling by Writ new Lords to Parliament and they affirmed some of the new Burroughs were unfit to be incorporated and they excepted against the Castle of Dublin for the place of Session and the rather because the Ammunition being there they might be in Danger of being blown up and they were troubled at the Lord Deputies Guard as that which they said was design'd to keep them in Awe and terrifie them into Compliance But these were but vain Pretences Lib. C. for they well enough knew that the Guard was but 100 Men as was usual and Customary and that it was impossible to blow up the Papists but that the Protestants also and perhaps the City of Dublin must have likewise been destroy'd on the contrary the Papists were so far from being afraid that they were very tumultuous and came to Dublin in vast numbers to frighten the Government The Lord Gormanstowne was amongst the most Seditious and unruly
he was one of the forwardest in disturbing the Lord Deputy with importunate and impertinent Petitions and refused to carry the Sword before him to Church he had formerly mis-behaved himself before the Lord Duputy at the time of the Gun-powder-Treason and he quarrelled with the Lord Barry in the Deputies Presence and the Lord Roch Delvin Trimletsowne and Slane were not less troublesome Sir Walter Butler Girald Nugent Sir Thomas Burk John Moore Richard Wadding and Boetius Clancy had their share in these Seditions and Thomas Lutterell had the Confidence to make Comparisons with the Earl of Thomond even in the Lord Deputies Presence But it will be pertinent to our Design O Sullivan 237. and not unpleasant to the Reader to hear O Sullivan give an Account of this Parliament which he says was observable for the Cruelty of the Protestants and the Civil resistance of the Catholicks And first he tells you That when the Senate meddles with Religion it becomes a wicked Conventicle rather then a Parliament that the Old Irish Grandees had Hereditary Voices in Parliament long before the English Conquest but are now denied them unless they have English Titles which alone makes the English Parliament in Ireland void since the principal Members are excluded The Catholick Bishops are serv'd in the same manner and the Heretical Usurpers of their Sees and Titles vote in Parliament in their stead The Protestants thought the Advancement of those Laws which they had made against Christ in England to be the readiest way of suppressing the Catholick Religion in Ireland if they could get them Enacted here but knowing the Catholicks would be most numerous in Parliament they us'd all imaginable Artifices of force and fraud to get Protestants unduly return'd they Elected their new Colonies into Burroughs and Counties to encrease the number of Heretical Parliament men they made small Villages into Corporations and made Porters Barbers and Strangers Burgesses for those Corporations and caused four Ministers to represent the Clergy of every Diocess nevertheless many Irish Gentry were chosen whom the People Men Women and Children desir'd to take Care of Religion assuring them That all should be void that should be Enacted against the Catholick Faith and when the day came most of the Irish Gentry thô not Parliament men came to Dublin that they might be ready there upon the place where their highest Concern viz. Religion was to be debated least perhaps any thing should happen contrary to Expectation The Catholicks were troubled because they could not find out what was to to be treated of in Parliament till at length they got sight of a Bill to expel the Catholick Clergy and the Titles of eleven Bills more viz. 1. For the building a convenient Prison for Noble Men in the Castle of Dublin 2. For disarming Idlers 3. About O Murroughs Lands 4. Against Marriage between Irish and Scots I suppose says he for fear they should joyn against the English 5. For banishing Hamilton and Wart if they refuse the Oath of Supremacy 6. That the Sallaries be continued to the new Pensioners tho' they refuse the Oath 7. For the distribution of the Money forfeited by Recusants 8. That the Children of Noble Men be sent into England 9. That stubborn Corporations shall loose their Franchises 10. The Recusants shall pay two Shillings a Sunday 11. For the more Cautious issuing of Excommunications for before that Sullivan 241. English would kill an Excommunicated Catholick says he But the Cathalicks resolving to resist even to Death thought of two ways First To hinder the meeting of the Parliament if possible and Secondly If it met not to receive or admit of the Heretick Parliament men because not Inhabitants in the Towns that chose them And with this Design they went to Dublin where all the Catholick Clergy also went to encourage the Gentry in this Holy Resolution On 18th May 1619. Caecos diaboli ministros The Parliament met at the Castle of Dublin and first the Lord Botevant carried the Sword before the Deputy to Church to hear the blind Ministers of the Devil and that being over when they came to the Castle the Guard disarmed the Nobility and Gentry as they entered but some resisted and did not part with their Arms and others that did â—ad other Arms secretly about them No sooner they State but the Soldiers were drawn into a Body in the Yard to terrifie the Catholick Members who in the upper House were less in number then the Protestants however resolv'd rather to dye which they expected then to forsake the Catholick Religion but if they had died for it The Gentlemen and Citizens then in Dublin assembled from all parts of the Kingdom had certainly reveng'd their Deaths and now the Eyes even of the English Irish were open and they cursing their former Folly in helping the Heretick would have repair'd it by a hearly Conjunction with the Old Irish now 〈◊〉 And afterwards he says That when the Papists refus'd to sit in the Parliament the Deputy did not dare to proceed without them not did he dare to force them because the Papists had many Friends in Town ready armed and the Deputy feared a General defection if he had proceeded my farther and then he says the SOUNDER part of the Clergy always oppos'd the Attaindâ—re of O Neal O Donell c. And the Archbishop of Tuam wrote a notable Letter against it but the worser part of the Clergy he means those of English Extraction perswaded the Popish Members to Consent to that Act but it is time to leave this whilsting Fellow and return to the true History of this Affair The Lord Deputy having Notice that several Papists that were not duly chosen Lib. C. nor return'd Members of Parliament did nevertheless intend to intrude into the House did on the 17th day of May being the last day of the Term cause Proclamation to be made in the four Courts that all those who knew themselves to be duly Elected Parliament then should attend the Lord Deputy and Council at Three a Clock that Afternoon at the Castle and accordingly most of them came Whereupon the Lord Deputy and Council sitting in the open Court of the Castle caused the Chancery Clerk of the Crown to call over the Names of those that were returned to serve in the approaching Parliament and that being done they caused Proclamation to be made that no Body should presume to come into the Parliament House but such as were return'd as aforesaid And 〈◊〉 on the next day 1613. being the 18th day of May the Parliament met and the Lords House was supplyed by the Earls of Kildare Ormond Thomâ—â—â— and Clanrickâ—â—dâ— and Viscounts of Buttevant Formâ—â— Gormanstoâ—â—â—â— Mountgarrets and Tullagh and the Barons of Athenry Kingsale Kerry Slane Killeen Delvin Dunboyn Houth Triâ—â—etsowne Poer Cahir Dunsany Louth Uppâ—r Ossery Castle Connel and 〈◊〉 Besides Twenty five of Protestantâ— Archbishops and Bishops that were present and the
of his Lands granted to any other the Barons of the Exchequer are to discharge the same upon sight of a Certificate That the Outlawry is reverst without any further Plea paying only Five shillings Sterling for entring the Certificate and Discharge LI. No Person is to be compelled to plead to any new Charge upon the Lands in his possession unless any Inquisition or other Matter of Record besides the New Patent appear to charge the Land therewith and the New Charge to be past insuper upon the New Patentee and Process to issue against him and his Lands and not against the other But the Protestants who bore above a third part of the Publick Charge were not a little troubled that they should buy Graces and Immunition for the Irish And on the other side the Papists did not at all â—â—â—der the Protestants part of the Contribution but valued themselves as if they had paid all and ascribed the whole Merlt of that Largess to themselves and upon that and the aforesaid Condescensions made them by the King they grew so insolent and troublesom that the Lord Deputy was necessitated to mortifie them by a Proclamation against the Popish Regular Clergy which issued the First day of April Bishop Vsher's Letters 407. 1629. and imported That the late Intermission of Legal Proceedings against Popish pretended Titulaâ— Archbishops Bishops Abbats Deans Vicars-General Jesuits Friars and others of that sort that derive their pretended Authority and Orders from the See of Rome in contempt of His Majesty's Royal Power and Authority had bred such an extraordinary Insolence and Presumption in them as he was necessitated to charge and command them in His Majesty's Name to forbear the Exercise of their Popish Rites and Ceremonies Hereupon they grew uneasie and complain'd that the Tax was too heavy and at length they gain'd their Point and in stead of 10000 l. Quarterly the Government condescended to take 5000 l. per Quarter from the First of October 1629. until the rest of the aforesaid 120000 l. should be paid But the Proclamation against the Popish Regular Clergy was baffled and ridiculed every where It was read in Drogheda by a drunken Soldier in such a ridiculous manner that it seemed like a May-game and was rather Sport than Terror to the Auditors It was so despised and contemned by the Popish Clergy that they nevertheless exercised full Jurisdiction Bishop Vsher's Letters 423. even to Excommunication and they not only proceeded in Building Abbies and Monasteries but had the confidence to erect an University at Dublin in the Face of the Government which it seems thought it self limited in this Matter by Instructions from England Nor was the Beauty of the Protestant Church sullied by its avowed Enemies only Bishop Bedel's Life 44. it was more defaced by its pretended Friends and Members Things Sacred were exposed to â—ale in a most sordid and scandalous manner Parsonages and Episcopal Sees were impoverished and their Revenues were alienated and incumbred to that degree that both the Bishopricks of Kilmore and Ardagh were not sufficient to support a Bishop that would not use indirect Means to get Money and the Churches were generally out of Repair Nevertheless Complaints were made by the Irish against the Lord-Deputy for Mal-Administration of the Government and though the Earl of Strafford his Successor Rushw 160. has assured us that this Lord-Deputy proceeded as honourably justly and nobly as any Man could do and though the Council did on the 28th of April 1629. write a kind and true Letter in the Vindication of his Innocence yet he was soon after removed and ADAM LOFTUS Viscount ELY Lord Chancellor And RICHARD Earl of CORKE 1629. Lord High Treasurer were Sworn Lords Justices on the 26th day of October and were allowed by the King One hundred pounds apiece every Kalendar Month They immediately directed that the Papists should be prosecuted for not coming to Church and accordingly the Statute of 2 Eliz. was given in charge at the Assizes but by Directions from England that Prosecution was superseded Nevertheless these Lords Justices 1630. being exceeding zealous against Popery caused St. Patrick's Purgatory in a small Island called Ilan de Purgadory in Logh Dirge in the County of Donegall to be digged up and thereby discovered that notorious Cheat to the World to the great loss and disgrace of the Popish Clergy who made vast Advantages of that ridiculous Sham. But there are a restless sort of Men in the World who are not to be daunted or put out of Countenance by any mischance whatsoever and therefore notwithstanding the aforesaid disaster and although the Popish Clergy were so debauched and ignorant that the bitterest Sarcasm that ever was put upon the Protestants was by an Irish-man Bishop Bedel's Life 76. who said That the King's Priests were as bad as the Pope's Priests yet did this unquiet Generation begin to rant it again in Ireland to that degree that a Priest being seized in Dublin was rescued by the People so that by their Insolencies they put a Necessity upon the Lords Justices to humble them Whitlock's Memoirs 15. and by Direction from the Council of England to seize upon 15 of their new Religious Houses to the King 's Use and their principal House in Back-lane in Dublin was Anno 1632 disposed of to the University of Dublin who placed therein a Rector and Scholars and maintained a weekly Lecture there which the Lords Justices often countenanced with their presence but afterwards in the Lord Strafford's time the House was disposed of to the former Use and became a Mass-house again In the Year 1631 the Earl of Castlehaven was tryed 1631. condemn'd and Beheaded in England Whitlock's Memoirs 16. for strange and prodigious Crimes not fit to be particularized or related of so Ancient and Noble a Family And this Year the King taking Notice of the increase of Popery in Ireland sent a Gracious Letter of Admonition to the Bishop of Armagh Bishop Vsher's Life p. 38. to be communicated to the rest of the Bishops thereby exhorting them to the careful Exercise of their Duty and to avoid all Abuses in disposing of Benefices And in the Year 1632 the aforesaid Subsidies or extraordinary Contribution being determined the Countrey finding the necessity of paying the Army to prevent their paying themselves did consent to continue the levying of Twenty Thousand Pounds per Annum quarterly for two Years more But the Irish valuing themselves upon this Bounty and thinking the Army could not he supported without their Contribution began to be very unruly again and though the Broils they made were soon appeased yet it was thought necessary to send over the new Lord-Deputy Wentworth and accordingly Conveniencies were prepared for him both in Ireland and England For on the Tenth of April 1632. 1632. he obtain'd an Order for making a new Great Seal new Signet and new Seals for all the Courts and on
not to be named did very much scandalize the Patrons of his Preferment Nevertheless his unparallel'd Repentance and the most Pious manner of his Death hath obtain'd for himself the Pity of all good Men and undoubtedly the Mercy of God And it is observable 1637. that the Earl of Cork and this Bishop Atherton did on the 27th of June 1637. joyn in a Petit on to the Lord Deputy and Council to appoint Arbitrators to decide their Controversies and accordingly the Bishop of Derry and the Master of the Court of Wards were Assigned to that purpose and in their Adward which I have seen they recite that the Bishopricks of Waterford and Lismore by the Alienations of former Bishops were left worth but Fifty pound per Annum Revenue in Land and that the Earl had not purchased any thing immediately from the Church but from other Persons for valuable Considerations near Forty years before yet out of Love to Religion and the Professors thereof he was contented to part with some of his Right and so they Adwarded Lismore c. to the Earl and Ardmore c. to the Bishop and this Adward was afterwards confirm'd by the Lord Lieutenant and Council and after that by the King Anno 1638. 1638. Doctor Bedell Bishop of Killmore held a Synod in his Diocess which was a thing very strange and unusual in Ireland Nevertheless it made excellent Cannons or Constitutions which are to be sound in Bishop Bedell's Life pag. 237. But Matters growing high in Scotland and England the Lord Deputy went over to the King and left ROBERT Lord DILLON of KILLKENNY WEST Sir CHRISTOPHER WANDESFORD Mr. of the Rolls Lords Justices who were Sworn on the 12th of September 1639. and soon after call'd a Parliament which met on the 16th day of March but did little or nothing until THOMAS Earl of STRAFFORD returned Lord Lieutenant on the 18th of March 1639. and on the 20th the Irish Parliament met again and Granted four entire Subsidies to the King and were on the 17th day of June prorogued to the First day of October following having first made the Twelve Acts to be found at large in the Printed Statutes 15 Car. 1. The first of these four Subsidies was Assessed at 46170 l. but the Second and Third of these Subsidies being in the absence of some Protestant Members with the Army at Caricfergus upon the Motion of Nicholas Plunket Assess'd in another manner did not together amount unto more then 23768 l. 15 s. 0 d. and the Fourth Subsidy was never Taxed at all by reason of the Rebellion that ensued And it is to be Noted that the Protestants paid more than one Third of the Commons part of the Subsidies besides 26480 l. 6 s. 0 d. Granted in Fourteen Subsidies by the Protestant Clergy only and above Three fourths of the Nobilities part of these Subsidies or more for the Nine Subsidies on the Nobility came too 52850 l. 18 s. 4 d. whereof the Confederate Lords paid but 10620 l. 18 s. 4 d. and it is very remarkable that foreknowing the Rebellion as undoubtedly they did they paid not one Penny of the Second or Third Subsidies and the Commons paid so little that of the Three Subsidies on them there was in Arrear when the Rebellion broke out 23855 l. 9 s. 7 d. And yet these Gentlemen or their Advocates have bragged in some of their Libels That they gave the King near a Million of Money But to proceed The Lord Lieutenant upon the Credit of these Subsidies and the annual Revenue which now was improv'd to above 80000 l. per Annum was enabled to raise Eight thousand Foot and One thousand Horse additional to the Veteran◠〈◊〉 they cost the Kingdom in raising clothing and paying them 204057 l. and were design'd to sudue the Rebells in Scotland and awe the Mutineers in England but being mostly Papists who were thereby Train'd to the use of Arms this Army was so offensive to all moderate and thinking Protestants that it brought great dis-repute and prejudice on the Kings Affairs and in the end cost the Lord his lieutenant his Head The Lord Lieutenant was exposed to the Hatred of the Presbyterians Husbands Collections 2 part 245. for imposing a new Oath on the People hereafter mentioned which was so much abhorr'd by many that they quitted the Kingdom rather then take it and he was open also to the Jealousies of the Protestants by bringing over with him Sir Toby Mathews a Jesuited Priest and by the Correspondence that was known to be between Paul Harris another plotting Priest and Sir George Ratcliff the Lord Lieutenant's intimate Friend and by suffering Publick Mass-houses at the Naas so near his own House and by permitting Fryars to dwell in a House of his own which he had built to other Uses But notwithstanding all this it is certain he was no Friend to Popery but only temporiz'd until he should meet with a more proper Season to go through with that Work as himself expresses it About this time Archibald Adair who had been Bishop of Killalla since the Year 1630 was deprived of his Bishoprick upon this Occasion One Corbet a Clergy-man that fled from Scotland for writing a Satyrical Book against the Covenanters called Lysimachus Nicanor was sent to this Bishop for Preferment but he being a moderate Man and perhaps too indulgent to his own Nation did not approve of Corbet that had handled the Scots so severely and therefore he gave no countenance to him but on the contrary told him That it was a bad Bird that foul'd his own Nest which was the sharper because Corby in Scotch signifies a Raven And when Corbet told him That he had hardly escaped with Life but had left his Wife to try the Humanity of the Scots the Bishop replied That he had left her to a very base Office And other things he said which the Government thought too favourable to the Govenanters and tho' they would not be much considered at another time yet now was thought a sufficient Cause of Deprivation and Doctor John Maxwell was made Bishop in his room but the next Year after the Execution of Atherton Bishop of Waterford Adair was made Bishop of that See Nor should it be omitted That this Bishop Maxwell a most excellent Preacher and a hearty Royalist was nevertheless wounded stript naked and left amongst the Dead by the Irish Rebels whose Skeins never distinguished between a Prelate and a Fanatick But the Bishop was accidentally preserved by the Earl of Twomond who travelled that way towards Dublin and afterwards went to the King to Oxford and was the first Man that convinced the King of the innate Hatred the Irish Rebels bore to all those of the Protestant Religion But let us return to the Lord Lieutenant who went again to England to give the King an Account of the good Posture of Affairs in Ireland leaving in his stead Sir CHRISTOPHER WANDESFORD Master of the Rolls
That they were constrain'd to assemble together for the safety of their Lives that they were so terrified by the Excursions of some Horse and Foot from Dublin that murder'd Foor Catholicks merely for being so that they durst not stay at home and therefore resolved to continue together for their mutual Preservation until they should be assured by their Lordship of the safety of their Lives But these were but Pretences to palliate their Insurrection and to insinuate a Necessity of the Rebellion they had entred into and therefore the Lords Justices did endeavor in vain by two Proclamations of the Thirteenth of December to remove these Jealousies and satisfie or answer the Objections altho' in one of them they assured Nettervill and his Comragues of free egress and regress 2 Temple 29. and that the Four that were killed were in actual Hostility and one of them was a Protestant and in the other they declar'd That neither Sir Charles Coot nor any other did ever utter at the Council-board or elsewhere any Speeches tending to a Purpose or Resolution to exeecute on the Papists or any other a general Massacre nor was it ever in their thoughts to dishonor His Majesty or the State by so odious impious and detestable a thing and gave the Lords of the Pale assurance of their Safety if they would repair to Dublin the Seventeenth of that Month. But all these Condescensions had no good effect on the contrary these Favours were interpreted to proceed from the weakness of the State and consequently tended to heighten the Insolencies of the Rebels For that very day after the Proclamations were published some of Netervill's Party seised a Boat in the Harbor of Dublin 2 Temple 27. and robbed it and put the Pillage into Mr. King's House at Clontarfe and threatned to encamp at Clontarfe which is but two small Miles from Dublin Whereupon the next day being the Fourteenth of December the Lieutenant-General was ordered to send out a Party to Clontarfe to remove them which Sir Charles Coot on the Fifteenth of December performed effectually without any Opposition and burned the village and Mr. King's House In like manner the Lords of the Pale slighted the aforesaid Proclamations and on the Sixteenth day of December proceeded to appoint General Officers and declared the Lord Gormanstown General of the Pale Hugh Birne Lieutenant-General the Earl of Fingall General of the Horse and gave such Order about raising Men and Provisions as they thought convenient Nettervill and his Party being reinforced from Kildare and Wicklow continued at Finglas and Santry from the Fifteenth of December to the Twenty second at which time Colonel Crawford drove them from Finglas with much ado and the very Name and Approach of Sir Charles Coot frightned them from Santry in such haste that they left a great deal of their Equipage and Provisions behind them And yet at the same time Three hundred Rebels appear'd again at Clantarf and had the day before robb'd two English Barks in the Harbor and carried the Booty to Barnwall's House at Brimore and the Prisoners to the Lord Gormanstown's House whence they were sent to Balruthery And thus Dublin was in a manner blockt up Naas Kildare Trim and Ashboy were in the Rebels Hands and the City was almost surrounded with Irish Soldiers Nettervill lying at Swords with Two thousand Men took the Castle of Artain within two Miles of Dublin and Colonel Roger Moor lay at Rathcool with Two thousand more and Four thousand of the County of Wicklow came within four Miles of Dublin on that side so that the Government could give no Relief to the Distressed Protestants who were coopt up in several Castles and made piteous Complaints And therefore the State was necessitated to suffer the English of the Inland Counties to be destroy'd and all the Walled Towns in the Kingdom Tredagh and Carigfergus and the Walled Towns of the Counties of London-derry and Cork only excepted to be reduced under the Power of the Rebels who in imitation of the Holy League in France styled themselves THE CATHOLICK ARMY and took the following Oath of Association framed by the Clergy so that all the Government could do was to write a mournful Letter to the Lord Lieutenant which is to be found 2 Temple 39. and is very well worth perusal but too long to be here inserted The Oath taken by the Irish I A. B. do in the Presence of Almighty God and all the Saints and Angels in Heaven promise vow swear and protest to maintain and defend as far as I may with my Life Power and Estate the Publick and Free Exercise of the True and Roman Catholick Religion against all Persons that shall oppose the same I further swear That I will bear Faith and true Allegiance to our Sovereign Lord King CHARLES His Hiers and Successors and that I will defend Him and Them as far as I may with my Life Power and Estate against all such Persons as shall attempt any thing against their Royal Persons Honors Estates and Dignities and against all such as shall directly or indirectly endeavour to suppress their Royal Prerogatives or do any Act or Acts contrary to Regal Government as also the Power and Privileges of Parliament the Lawful Rights and Privileges of the Subjects and every Person that makes this Vow Oath and Protestation in whatsoever he shall do in the lawful pursuance of the same And to my power as far as I may I will oppose and by all means and ways endeavor to bring to condign Punishment even to the loss of Life Liberty and Estate all such as shall either by Force Practice Counsels Plots Conspiracies or otherwise do or attempt any thing to the contrary of any Article Clause or any thing in this present Vow Oath or Protestation contained So God me help In the mean time a Foot Company of the Standing Army commanded by White of Lexlip a Papist revolted entirely to the Rebels and so many disguised Papists revolted from the Army which was full of them that in some Companies there were not above seven or eight Men left which manifests the Conspiracy was general when Men so circumstanced should betray their Trust and leaves a necessary Caution to Posterity not to trust any more of that Kidney in such Stations However the Garison of Tredagh was not discouraged by this Accident but on the third of October made a successful Sally to the slaughter of Two hundred Rebels But on the first of January the King declared the Irish to be Rebels by Proclamation Appendix 13. and signed Forty of them being the Number desir'd by the Lords Justices and Council with his own Hand and affixed his Privy Signet unto them and they were brought to Dublin on the twentieth of January and published without any effect In the mean time the Lords Justices on the twenty eighth of December issued a Proclamation to prohibit Strangers from flocking to Dublin without License and another
ordering the Country People to bring in their Corn to Market or else that their Haggards should be put under Military Execution by which means the Market was pretty well supplied And on the last day of December Sir Symon Harcourt with his Regiment of Twelve hundred Foot from England landed at Dublin But whilst these things were doing Sir Thomas Carey and Doctor Câ—le a Sorbonist offered from the Rebels some Propositions whereupon a Treaty for Peace might be founded viz. 1. Toleration of Religion 2. That Papists shall have admittance to all Employments as well as Protestants 3. The Wrongs of Plantations since 1610. to be repair'd 4. The Titles of Rebels and Traitors should be taken off the File by Proclamation But these Terms were too dishonorable and therefore were rejected Nevertheless some Popish Priests that pretended to more Moderation and Humanity than the rest were permitted to Treat with the Rebels and Doctor Cale obtain'd a Commission from the State to do so and promis'd great Success of his Negotiation But the Rebels were elevated with their Fortune insomuch that Sir Philemy O Neal refused to Treat unless Macgulre and Macmahon were set at Liberty and so that Affair determined And now Sir Simon Harcourt being made Governor of Dublin Sir Charles Coot on the Tenth of January was sent abroad to remove the Enemy from Swords a Village Six Miles from the City The Irish had barricadoed the Avenues to the Town and did what they could to defend themselves but Coot despising their weak Opposition valiantly forced the Passage and routed the Party with the slaughter of Two hundred of them and returned to Dublin with little or no Loss except that of Sir Lorenzo Cary who was killed in this Action On the Eleventh of January the Parliament was by Proclamation prorogued to the Twenty first of June 1642. But the Speakers declared to both Houses ☜ That notwithstanding the Prorogation it was not His Majesty's Intention to depart from or wave any thing he had formerly promis'd for the Confirmation of their Estates to such of his Subjects as should continue Loyal On the Fourteenth of January the Lords Justices and Council issued a severe Proclamation against Pillagers and Vagrants that were not Listed under any Commander and on the Eighteenth published another Proclamation prohibiting Soldiers from returning to England without Licence on pain of Death And on the Twenty fourth of January there landed at Dublin the Lord Lieutenant's Regiment of Foot under Lieutenant Colonel Monk afterward Duke of Albemarle Sir Michael Earnly's and Colonel Cromwell's Regiments likewise of Foot and the Lord Lisle's and Sir Richard Greeâ—vill's Regiments of Horse which enabled the Lieutenant-General Ormond with Two thousand Foot and Three hundred Horse to march out into the Country where he burnt Newcastle and Lyons and got a cosiderable Booty at the Naas and by this Joâ—â—ny removed the Enemy farther off See this Proclamation Burlace Append 6. and on the Eighth of February the Government issued a Proclamation against the Rebels prizing Sir Philemy O Neal's Head at a thousand Pounds and the rest at proportionable Rates against which the Lords of the Pale framed a false and scandalous Protestation But it is time to return to Tredagh which by the importunity of those of the Pale was become the Rebels chief Aim and next to Dublin the chief Care of the State It was the principal Scene of Action during the Months of December January and February and therefore I have preserved the Relation of that Siege intire without mixing it with other Affairs Tredagh in Irish Drogheda in Latin Pontana is an ancient Walled Town situate on both sides the River Boyne and united by a Stone Bridge from which the Town derives its Name It is about two Miles in Circuit and about three Miles distant from the Sea It had neither Bulwark nor Rampire nor any other Fortification than an ordinary Ditch and the old Wall The Haven is not good the Entrance being very narrow and difficult by reason of a Bar in the Mouth of the Harbor which is not passable but at Full Sea and then especially on Spring-tides a Ship of Sixty Tuns may sail to the Key of Tredagh Finally This Town is Governed by a Mayor Aldermen and Sheriffs and is a County of it self and stands in a plain open fruitful and Champion Country To this Town came the Lord Moor with his Troop of Horse from his House at Mellefont upon the first notice of the Irish Rebellion even on the Twenty third of October about Midnight and being alarm'd by the dismal Stories of some which had escaped the Cruelties of the Rebels he caused the Mayor and Aldermen to be awakened and excited them to a speedy and vigorous Preparation for their Defence They promised fairly but acted slowly insomuch that altho' many hundreds of the Townsmen well armed used to appear on Muster-days yet now they could not get above Forty Men together and those but very ill armed but afterwards the Number encreased to Two hundred However this Noble Lord was not discouraged but having got some old Guns out of a Dungeon and Four more and some Powder out of a Ship in the Harbor he scowred the Ditch and repaired the Walls and mounted his Artillery and reviewed Captain Nettervill's and Captain Rockby's half Companies each consisting of Forty four Men of the Standing Army and did every thing else in his power that was necessary for the Defence of the Place Nevertheless finding that all this would not do without farther Succour he went to Dublin in a dark Night and effectually represented to the Government the Weakness and Importance of Drogheda and offered to augment his own Troop of Sixty to a hundred and to raise a hundred Foot at his own Charge But what he obtained was a Promise That Succours should be speedily sent And in the mean time Captain Seafoul Gibson had a Commission and Arms for a hundred and twenty Men which he raised in Tredagh in two Hours time and that very Night they were set on the Watch and were kept to so hard Duty that this Captain and the Lord Moor did watch Ten Nights together in their own Persons which was the more troublesom to them because they were frequently on every day especially at Church-time disturb'd with Alarms purposely made by the Popish Inhabitants to distract them And altho' the Lord Moor had the good Success in several Sallies and Excursions to kill Two hundred of the Rebels and to take Eighty Prisoners whereof Six only were hang'd yet the Popish Townsmen finding that no Supply was come to the Town nor as they thought likely to come and that on the contrary the Rebels had taken Dundalk and Drâ—miskin formed several Contrivances to give up the Town One Night when they design'd it they were prevented by a Rumour That the Protestants had re-taken Newry and another Night Captain Nattervill who had form'd his half Company to his mind and was in
Irish who had mounted two or three Brass Pieces and were forced to retreat and from a Castle at the end of that Street the Rebels had killed Ensign Fortescue who was the first Officer that was slain since the Defeat at Gellingston and some few Soldiers Whereupon the English set Fire to the Houses near the Castle so that the Smoak blowing towards the Castle the English came undiscover'd to the Gate and blew it up with Gunpowder whereat those within were so frightned that they fled out of the Window and a Serjeant and Five Men entred and were afterwards reinforced with Twenty four more and the Fire being quenched Two Pieces of Ordnance were drawn up against the inner Gate and the English being sheltered by some Wooll-packs found in the Castle got an Opportunity to gall the Enemy whilst Sir Henry Tichbourne with a Party of Horse marched on the back side of the Town to the North Gate and killed Forty Rebels in his way and entring at a Bye-gate found the Town deserted whereby a hundred and twenty Protestants were relieved and good Booty recovered with the Slaughter of a hundred Rebels and not above Fourteen or Fifteen of the Royalists which was the more considerable because the Irish in this Place were about Three thousand and the Assailants not full a thousand Sir Philemy and his Myrmidons were mightily enraged at this Defeat and in revenge murdered the Lord Cawfield and Mr. Blany and about Fifteen hundred other Protestants whom till then they had reserved for that purpose O Rely also murdered Sixty more of the English at Bolturbet and indeed it was seldom that the Irish met with any disappointment but they vented their Rage on the miserable Protestants that they had in their Power as if by sacrificing so many innocent Souls they could expiate the Guilt of their Cowardise and Treachery But these Successes of the English forced the Lords and Gentlemen of the Pale into Ulster where those losing Gamesters fell together by the Ears for Sir Philemy O Neal and the Ulster Men upbraided those of the Pale that they had formerly been their National Enemies and false to them and their Religion and that it was not past Memory since the Papists of the Pale had persuaded Ulster to a Religious Rebellion and left it in the lurch but that now the Ulster Men were quit with them having first exposed the Pale to the Fury of the English In short they renewed their Ancient and Hereditary Animosities and their Confederacy and Association was too feeble to extinguish or even suspend their National Antipathy derived from their different Extractions This unexpected and unseasonable Treatment from Ulster made such a deep Impression on the Mind of the Lord Gormanstown that it broke his Heart so that he died lamenting his great Folly in siding with the Irish against his own Country-men and some that survived were fully sensible of this Oversight but they were too far engag'd to retire and therefore they sought for Pretences and fish'd for Excuses to colour or extenuate their Crimes many of which being notoriously false and some of them ex post facto and so not pertinent were nevertheless jumbled together in an Apology which they afterwards sent to the King But we ought to cast an Eye on the rest of the Provinces and first on Munster where the first Appearance of the Rebellion was on the Twentieth of November at which time a numerous Rabble of the Irish plundered Mr. William Kingsmill at Ballyowen in the County of Typerary and carried away a great number of Cows and Sheep from him and his Neighbors This Attempt was the bolder because he was the Lord President 's Brother-in-Law and the Consequence of it was that the Lord President â—â—on notice thereof came with two Troops of Horse to Ballyowen and pursued the Tories killed some and hanged others and recovered some part of the stollen Cattel and afterwards in Cromwell's Time Mrs. Kingsmill sued some of these Robbers and got a Decree against them for 1500 l. The Irish pretend that some innocent People were kill'd in this Expedition and that the Lord Dunboyn and several Gentlemen of the County of Typerary came to the President to Clonmell and expostulated with him about the Violence of this Proceeding and that he should tell them that they were Rebels and that it was more prudent to hang than to trust any of them And when they have told this simple Story they think they have said enough to justifie their entring into the Rebellion From Clonmell the Lord President went into the County of Waterford upon notice that a Party of the Leinster Rebels had passed that way into his Province and he had the good fortune to rout them on the Second of December with the Slaughter of Two hundred of the Irish But in his absence the Inhabitants of Typerary to the number of Fifteen hundred assembled together to seise on the City of Cashel and destroy the English there and tho' they were by the Persuasions of some less barbarous than themselves diverted for that time from so cruel an Enterprise yet they could not abstain much longer but on the last day of December under the Leading of Philip O Duir they took Cashell and in cold Blood for there was no Resistance they murdered William Beaves and his Servant Thomas Sadler William Bonefeild and his Wife John Banister Mr. Car John Lents Richard Lane John Anderson Mr. Franklin Toby a Joyner and John Fowks The rest were saved for that time chiefly by the Piety and Compassion of Redmond English and Joseph Everard two Franciscan Friars who for that very Reason were in Cromwell's Time not only acquitted but privileged to live in the Country whilst others viz. Colonel Teige O Magher Lieutenant Colonel Donough O Dwir Theobald Butler Hugh Ryan Ulick Burk c. were in November 1653. tried condemn'd and executed for these barbarous Murders And the very next day being the first of January another Rabble seised on Fethard where they plundered all the English but murdered none except Mr. Low for which Fact three of the Murderers viz. Thomas Quigly James mac Hugh and Richard Nagle were afterwards condemn'd and hang'd The Loss of Fethard was followed with the Revolt of Clonmell Carrick and all the Towns in Typerary and of Waterford Limerick Kilmallock and Dungarvan And on the Twenty third day of January some of the Kennedyes murdered Twenty two English Servants to Sir George Hamilton at the Silver Mines and Two more viz. Thomas Gallop and Thomas Sadly were left wounded amongst the Dead but in the dark Night they made a shift to escape to Nenagh and were there preserved But the Irish did not dissemble the Matter any longer but in this very Month of January began to form their Men into Troops and Companies and hearing says an Irish Papist that the Lord Mountgarret had a Commission from the Lords Justices to raise Arms to suppress the Insurrection as indeed he had a
sometimes tore and burnt them and that they were inhumanly Cruel in several instances of Men Women and Children and much more of the same sort for which I refer to the Remonstrance it self which is already in Print with the Examinations annexed thereunto But because there is great noise made about the Kings sworn Servant Sir John Read and the Questions demanded of him upon the Rack It is fit I should give a brief Account of that Matter and it happened to be thus Lieutenant Colonel Read was in the latter end of December intrusted with a Message to the King from Three Lords and four Chief Gentlemen of the Pale but they finding that Succours come out of England but slowly and being in great hopes to take Tredagh kept Road with them to attend the Success of that Siege which not hapning according to their Expectation they were forced to raise it in the beginning of March and then and not till then did Read surrender himself as a Prisoner to the English Army which was at that time abroad under the Marquess of Ormond and he was immediately sent to Dublin with a Guard of Twenty Horse and having with many Oaths Curses and Imprecations denied any knowledge of the Irish Rebellion he was together with Captain Mac Mahown put upon the Rack where they were asked these Three Questions 1. Who were the chief Complotters in this Rebellion 2. The Time when it was Plotted 3. The Place where and how to be Acted To which they answered That Sir Philemy O Neal Macguire and Philip O Rely were the chief Conspirators and that the Plot was laid presently after the Dissolution of the Army in the North and that it was to be Acted in all parts of the Kingdom and to kill Man Woman and Child of the Protestants utterly to root them out and that all the Papists in the Pale had Consented to it and promised their Assistance to their utmost Power But on Saturday the 2d of April the Lieutenant General Ormond marched out with Five hundred Horse Three thousand Foot and Five Field Pieces and encamped that Night at Rathcoole and tho he received an Express there that his Lady and Children whom he had not seen in Six Months before were arrived at Dublin yet preferring the Publick before his Private Concern he marched without seeing them to Naas and burnt the Country as he went and having lost a Trumpeter and Four Soldiers by the Garison of Tipper he caused that Castle and all that were in it to be blown up and sent his wounded Men on Carrs to Dublin with a Guard of Twelve Horse but they were set upon by the Rebels and tho' the Horse escaped yet the wounded Men and Carr-men were taken and Murdered and by this Accident all intercourse was stopt between the State and the Army But when the Army came near Killcullen the Lords of Castlehaven and Antrim and the Dutchess of Buckingham came in a Coach to Visit the Lieutenant General and were kindly received by him and the whole Army passing by saluted them which I note to shew the Reader that the Lord of Castlehaven was not under any necessity of joyning in the Irish Rebellion but might have lived quietly at home if he had pleased On the 5th at Night the Army came to Athy and relieved that Town and the next day Sir Patrick Weams was sent with a Detachment of four Troops to relieve the Castle of Catherlogh but upon their approach the Rebels being Seven hundred strong burned the Town and fled however the Irish lost Fifty Men in the pursuit and so Weams having relieved that Castle and therein Five hundred English almost starved and also the Castle of Cloghgrenan and taken good store of Cattel returned the same Night to the Army and the Castle of Ballilivan was relieved the same day by another Party under Sir Charles Coot and the Castle of Rheban by another Detachment which also took the Castle of Bert and in it Eight Rebels who were hanged On the 7th the Lieutenant General leaving Colonel Crawford at Athy marched to Stradbally and on the 8th came to Maryburogh and the next day fell Sick of a Fever which lasted till Tuesday after however on the 10th being Easter day Sir Charles Coot Sir Thomas Lucas and Six Troops of Horse were sent to relieve Bi r and some other places they were to pass a Cawseway which the Rebels broke and had cast up a Ditch at the end of it but Coot made Thirty of his Dragoons alight and in Person lead them on and beat off the Irish with the Slaughter of Forty Rebels and their Captain and then relieved the Castles of Bi r Burrous and Knocknemease and having sate almost Forty eight hours on Horseback and lost and spoiled a Hundred Horse in this Expedition they returned to the Camp on Munday Night without the loss of one Man and this was the prodigious Passage through Montrath Woods which indeed is wonderful in many Respects and therefore justly gave occasions for the Title of Earl of Montrath to be entail'd upon the Posterity of Sir Charles Coot who was the chief Commander in this Expedition On the same 10th day of April about Seven thousand Irish Men under the Lord Mountgarrett appeared on the other side the River Barrow within two miles of Athy whereof Colonel Crawford sent Notice to the Lieutenant General whereupon he marched to Athy on the 13th and rested there the 14th and finding the Enemy had more than double his number and that he had done the work he come out for by relieving the aforesaid Garisons he thought it imprudent to Fight at such disadvantage or upon such odds to hazard his Army and consequently the Kingdom and therefore intended to march towards Dublin without seeking the Enemy and yet resolved not to shun them if they came in his way but the Rebels had by some means or other got notice of his Design and therefore passed the Barrow by the Bridge of Moygan with intentions to disturb the march of the English Nevertheless Bettel of Kilrâ—sh on Friday Morning about Seven a Clock 15th of April Ormond rose from Athy and kept on the direct Rode to Dublin the Rebels kept another way on the Right hand divided from the former by a Bog about a mile broad and four mile long both Armies marched in view of each other with Drums beating Colours flying and kept equal pace until both Rodes met whereupon the Lieutenant General fearing they might fall upon his Reer in that narrow Pass gave Orders to draw up the Army in Battalia Saying That he was resolved to fight the Enemy tho' all the Rebels in Ireland were there together the Irish did the like and not being incumbred with Garriages as the English were their Army was soonest in Order which might have been of advantage to them but they made none of it chusing rather to Receive than Give the Charge in short the English came up to their Ground
Ormond answers that Reply and the Twenty ninth of August they answer that And so after many alternate Messages and Expostulations on the First of September they began to ascertain the respective Quarters and the Irish Commissioners having on the Second of September proposed That the Limitation of Quarters should relate to the Day of Concluding the Cessation the Marquis of Ormond on the Third of September did offer a Temporary Cessation from that Day that they might be at the more leisure to manage the Treaty To which they answer the same day That the Lord Moor and Colonel Monk had invaded their Quarters and Garison'd some Undefencible Houses and Castles and if those be restor'd they are contented that both Armies may withdraw to their respective Garisons Ormond replies That he will consent to withdraw both Armies and as to the Restitution of Places it shall be considered in the Settlement of the Quarters and that many of those called Undefencible Places tho' not thought worthy of a Garison yet were for a long time absolutely in his Power and in the English Quarters and some of them not far from the Gates of Dublin and therefore not fit to be restor'd On the Fifth of September they proceeded about limiting the respective Quarters and on the Sixth of September Ormond writes to them That he heard their Forees besieged Tully a Garison Commanded by Sir George Wentworth who was imployed in procuring Necessary Provisions for him and desires the Siege might be rais'd But the Commissioners reply'd That Monk went to Wicklow the Twenty sixth of August and continues there ravaging and destroying the Country That this very Garison of Tully took away the Corn at Madingstown and therefore they could not hinder a Reprisal but if any of his Lordships Provisions be intercepted they shall be restor'd On the Seventh of September Ormond insisted on withdrawing their Forces from Tully and thereupon they sent an Order to Castlehaven to draw off his Army knowing I suppose that he had taken the Castle and propos'd a Temporary Cessation to the Marquis On the Eighth of September Ormond proposes That the Protestant Clergy and Proprietors may have a Proportion of their Estates in the Irish Quarters to support them and that where Goods were delivered in trust to any Irishman they may be restor'd On the Ninth Quarters were setled and the Preservation of Woods agreed upon but for the Clergy and Proprietors nothing could be done because the Cessation was Temporary and Sufferings of that kind they said were reciprocal On the Tenth of September the Irish Commissioners denied to continue a Cessation as to the County of Kildare unless it may be for the whole Province of Leinster which Ormond would not consent to Then they offered a Supply of Thirty thousand Pounds but on the Eleventh the Marquiss sent a Message to the Commissioners to order the Earl of Castlehaven to forbear farther Acts of Hostility since the Treaty was so near a Conclusion which they did and Ormond did the like to his Forces But it seems Castlehaven notwithstanding their publick Orders knew their private Meaning and therefore marched farther off to the Castle of Disert in the Queens County which he took after the Cessation was finished But on the Twelfth they insisted upon the Name and Title of His Majesty's most Faithful Subjects the Catholicks of Ireland and said That they used it in their immediate Addresses to the King but Ormond replied That he held it not proper at that time to be used to him On the Thirteenth they agreed That the Quarters should relate to the Day of the concluding the Cessation but the Marquis insisted That it was indecent for them to use Force in the County where His Majesty's Commission of Favour was executing and therefore required the Restitution of what they had taken in the County of Kildare since the last of August But on the Fourteenth of September this was refused on pretence that the English had incroach'd upon them in the same County by Garisoning undefensible Places but they offered the fourth Sheaf of Tully and all such Places so subdu'd or 800 l. in lieu of it The Marquis then propos'd to have the Cessation declar'd as from that time since all was agreed but the Commissioners said the Articles might be perfected by next day Noon and till then the Cessation could not be said to be made And so on the Fifteenth day of September the Cessation was concluded and the Articles and Instrument mentioned Appendix 16. were perfected and a Proclamation by the Lords Justices and Council for the Observation thereof issued accordingly bearing date at Dublin the Nineteenth day of September 1643. and Circular Letters were likewise sent by them to all Parts of the Kingdom to give Obedience thereunto But before the Marquis of Ormond would finish this Treaty he consulted all the Great Men and the Chief Commanders then with him who gave their Opinions as in the following Instrument is contained WHEREAS the Lord Marquis of Ormond hath demanded the Opinions as well of the Members appointed from the Council-board to assist his Lordship in the present Treaty as of other Persons of Honor and Command that have since the beginning thereof repaired out of several Parts of this Kingdom to his Lordship They therefore seriously considering how much His Majesty's Army here hath already suffered through want of Relief out of England though the same was often pressed and importuned by His most Gracious Majesty who hath left nothing unattempted which might conduce to their Support and Maintenance and unto what common Misery not only the Officers and Soldiers but others also His Majesty's good Subjects within this Kingdom are reduc'd And further considering how many of His Majesty's Principal Forts and Places of Strength are at this present in great distress and the imminent Danger the Kingdom is like to fall into And finding no possibility of prosecuting this War without large Supplies whereof they can apprehend no hope nor possibility in due time They far these Causes do conceive it necessary for His Majesty's Honor and Service That the said Lord Marquis assent to a Cessation of Arms for one whole Year on the Articles and Conditions this day drawn up and to be perfected by virtue of His Majesty's Commission for the Preservation of this Kingdom of Ireland Witness our Hands the Fifteenth day of September 1643. Clanrickards St. Albans Roscomon Richard Dungarvan Edward Brabazon Inchiquin Thomas Lucas James Ware Michael Ernly Foulk Hunks John Pawlet Maurice Eustace Edward Povey John Gifford Philip Persival Richard Gibson Henry Warren Alanus Cooke Advocatus Regis But the News of this Cessation met with different Entertainment according to the Interests and Inclinations of those it was carried to At the Court of England it was received with Joy and Ormond's Conduct and Fidelity magnified beyond measure It was admired that he could preserve His Majesty's Grandeur throughout the whole Treaty by not admitting the
World upon whose Loyalty and Conduct in the Affairs of Ireland His Majesty did most depend But there is yet a greater Mystery in the matter and it was thus Whilst Ormond was in England the Scots * Earl of Lanerick Earl of Lauderdale 〈…〉 Commissioners finding what usage was design'd to the King did endeavour to retreive the Honour of their Nation by doing something extraordinary in his Favour and the Presbyterians every where finding the prevailing Independents did despise the Sanctity of the Covenant and the Supporters thereof began to be Alarm'd so a proper Juncture of doing Service to the King was suddenly expected hereupon Ormond by the Kings Order met the Scotch Commissioners near Marlow and they for Scotland and he for Ireland undertook to promote His Majesties Service and in order to it he went to France and so into Ireland to prosecute this Design and not in Answer to the Irish Ambassy as they sancied and the same Reason prevailed upon Insiquin to joyn with him and it was pursuant to this Treaty that the Earl of Lanerick then Duke Hamilton invaded the Kingdom of England But as soon as the Parliament Commissioners in Ireland understood 27th July that the Marquiss of Ormond intended to return to that Kingdom they did all that was possible to prevent his Design and upon bare Suspicion seized upon Sir Maurice Eustace Sir John Gifford Sir Francis Willoughby Colonel William Flower the Lieutenant Colonels Ryves Capron and Smith Major John Stephens and Captain Peirce and kept them Prisoners in the Castle for some days and then sent them in Custody to Chester and they also kept Sir Thomas Lucas and Colonel Byron Prisoners at Tredagh As for the Military Motions this Year tho' they were not many nor in many Places Munster being entirely quiet and very little either of Leinster or Ulster disturbed yet they may be esteemed very considerable because they were between the Irish themselves for Insiquin had managed his Affairs so prudently by assisting the weaker side and the Nuncio had Acted so rashly in Excommunicating the Supream Council and their Adherents that Owen Roe and Preston and their Followers were engaged in as * Quod quidem ille acrius quam unquam fecerat in communes Religionis Regni hostes in Confederatos presecutus est Beling 118. fierce and as spiteful a War as any that had been since the Rebellion broke out so that Preston assisted by the Marquiss of Clanrickard took Athâ—one and besieged Athy and Insiquin in favour of the Supream Council besieged Fortfalkland and tho' Owen Roe came to relieve it and posted his Army so advantagiously between Insiquin and Munster that the English had certainly been starved if the generous Bounty of the Marquiss of Clanrickard had not supplyed them with Necessaries yet at length Owen Roe was forced to a retreat not much different from a Flight and the Fort was surrendered to Insiquiâ— and with these Losses November and this Disgrace Owen Roe was so netled that he ravaged over the whole County of Roscomon and took Jamestown and so obstinately Stormed Carigdrumrusk that Rory Macguire and most of his Regiment were there slain and in revenge of it the Garison being all Papists were put to the Sword And by this Campaign Owen Roe was so weakned that he offered a Cessation to Colonel Jones and to carry his Army to Spain if Jones would give him Liberty to do so And it seems That the Marquiss of Antrim had some Highlanders in the Counties of Wicklow and Wexford which being joyned with the Birnes and Cavenaghs who were of the Nuncio Faction and rejected the Peace gave such Disturbance to the Supream Council that they were fain to send Sir Edmond Butler and Sir Thomas Esmond to suppress them which at last they effected tho' not without considerable Slaughter on both sides In the mean time Jones took Ballysannon Nabber and Ballyho and many of the Scots being gone to assist Duke Hamilton's Invasion of England Colonel Monk by the means of Sir Price Coghrun and Lieutenant Colonel Cunningham surprized Carigfergus and in it Monroe September whom he sent Prisoner to London and then had an easie Conquest of Belfast and Colerain and Sir Charles Coot had no very hard one of the Fort of Culmore and for those good Services the Parliament Presented Colonel Monk with 500 l. and made him Governour of Carigfergus But in November the Irish Ambassadours to the Pope returned to Ireland and brought with them abundance of Relicks but no Money Beling 196. as may be easily gathered from the following Letter from Sir Richard Blake to Sir Robuck Linch Sir THIS day the Lord Bishop of Fernes and Mr. Plunket gave an account of their Negotiation to the House they made a full Representation to his Holiness of the desperate Condition of the Kingdom that without present and good Supplies which they expected from his Holiness there was no hope of the Preservation of the Catholick Religion or Nation That his Holiness was bound in Justice to do it his Nuncio here having in a General Assembly of the Confederates undertaken That the Sum promised Sir Kenelm Digby for the Wars of England upon good Conditions for Catholicks would be applied to the Service of the Catholick Confederates of Ireland but after four Months attendance their Answer was there being no Intelligence then of our Distance or Divisions with the Lord Nuncio or Owen O Neal That his Holiness hath sent by the Dean of Firmo a considerable Help unto us and that he had no account how that was disposed of That the Turks were in Candia and threatened Italy That there was great Scarcity of Corn in Rome and the adjoyning Territories and that a great Sum of Money must be issued to satisfy the Commoners That his Predecessor Pope Urban had left the Treasury empty and the See deeply charged with Debt That the Cardinals and others who had Pious Intentions to advance our Holy Cause were Poor and hardly able to maintain their own Ports so that nothing could be expected from them And for the Conditions the Agents expected from his Holiness for Religion upon our Treaty with the Queen and Prince he said that it was not proper for the See Apostolick to grant any Articles to Hereticks though it be true that Catholick Princes in Germany and other Kingdoms do it As for the Nuncio's Engagement That the Catholicks of Ireland should be Supplied by his Holiness in their Maintenance of the War that he had no such Commission though it was true that his Holiness would give Money for Conditions of Religion but none upon the Event of War Our Agents heard not of our Disunion and Raptures in this Kingdom until after their taking leave of his Holiness and then when the same was known and published in Rome they heard from some eminent Persons That what his Holiness was resolved to give for our Support he knew not to what Party he
to preserve the Nation we know not or whether your Lordships have made use of all the means at other times and upon other occasions exercised by you to procure this necessary Obedience we shall not now determine Sure we are that since the said Assembly not only Limerick hath persisted in the Disobedience it was then in and aggravated the same by several Affronts since fixed upon the King's Authority but Galway hath been seduced into like Disobedience For want of due Compliance from those places but principally from Limerick it hath been impossible for us to raise or imploy an Army against the Rebels For to attempt it any where on the other side of the Shannon but near Lymerick and without the absolute Command of that City to secure it could be no other than the certain ruine of the Design in the very beginning of it the Rebels power being such as to dissipate with ease the foundation that should be laid there And to have done it on this side the Shannon was impossible since the Ground-work of the Army must be raised and supported from thence which whilst it was in forming would have exhausted all the substance of these parts and not have effected the Work For want of such an Army which with God's assistance might certainly have been long since raised if Limerick had obeyed our Orders the Rebels have without any considerable resistance from abroad taken Clonmell Tecroghan and Catherlagh and reduced Waterford and Duncannon to great and we fear irrecoverable Distress The loss of these places and the want of any visible power to protect them hath doublessly induced many to contribute their Substance and personal Assistance to the Rebels from which whether they might have been withheld by Church-censures we know not but have not heard of any such which issued against them And lastly for want of such an Army the Rebels have taken to themselves the Contribution which might considerably have assisted to support an Army and preserve the Kingdom If therefore the end of your Consultation at Jamestown be to acquit your Consciences in the Eyes of God the amendment of all Errors and the recovery of this afflicted People as by the Letter giving us notice of your meeting is professed We have endeavoured briefly to shew That the Spring of our past Losses and approaching Ruine arises from Disobedience and it will not be hard to shew that the Spring of those Disobediences arises from the Forgeries invented the Calumnies spread against Government and the Incitements of the People to Rebellion by very many of the Clergy That these Errors are frequently practised and fit for amendment is no more to be doubted than that without they be amended the affliction of the People will continue and as it is to be feared end in their utter Destruction Which if prevented by what your Consultation will produce the happy effect of your meeting will be acknowledged without questioning the Authority by which you meet or expecting Proposals from us Which other than what we have formerly and now by this our Letter made we hold not necessary And so we bid your Lordships Farewel From Roscomon the 2d of August 1650. Your Lordships very Loving Friend ORMOND To which the Congregation at Jamestown made the following Reply May it please Your Excellency WE received your Excellency's Letter of the second current Where to our Grief and Admiration we saw some Expressions that seem meant for casting a blame upon us of the present sad Condition of the Kingdom which we hope to answer to the satisfaction of your Excellency and the whole Nation In the mean time we permit this Protestation as we are Christian Catholick Prelates that we have done our Endeavours with all â—arnestness and candor for taking away from the hearts of the People all Jealousies and Diffidences that were conceived the occasion of so many Disasters that befel the Nation and that in all occasions our actions and co-operations were ready to accompany all your Excellency's Designs for Preservation of all his Majesty's Interests in this Kingdom Whose state being in the present desperate Condition we thought it our Duty to offer unto your Excellency our sence of the only possibility we could devise for its Preservation and that by the intervention and expression of my Lord of Dromore and Dr. Charles Kelly Dean of Tuam who shall clearly deliver unto your Excellency our Thoughts and good Intentions as to this effect praying your Excellency to give full credit to what they will declare in our Names in this Business which will be still owned as our Command laid upon them and the Declaration of the sincere Hearts of Jamestown dated the 10th of Aug. 1650. For his Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland c. Your Excellency's Most Humble Servants Hen. Ardmach Jo. Archiepiscop Tuam Eugenius Killmore Nich. Fernensis Procurator Archiepis Dubliniensis Walt. Clonferten Procurator Leghlin Fr. Anto. Clonmacnocensis Episcopus Arthurus Dunensis Connerensis Th. Higgin Procurator Ossor Fr. Ricardus Kelly Procurator Kildar Rathbran Ord. Praed And the Message mentioned in the aforesaid Letter was on the 12th of August together with that Letter delivered in haec Verba and was the next day at his Lordship's request reduced into writing Viz. May it please Your Excellency WE being intrusted from the Clergy met at Jamestown to deliver a Message to your Excellency purporting their Advice what the onely Means is as they conceive that may serve to free the Nation from the sad Condition whereunto it is reduced at present do in Obedience to your Excellency's Command signified for giving in the substance of the said Message in writing humbly represent the same to be as followeth That whereas they doubt not your Excellency hath laboured by other hands to bring the best Aids that possibly could be had from abroad for Relief of this gasping Nation yet finding now in their Conscience no other Expedient or Remedy for the Preservation thereof and of his Majesty's Interests therein more prevalent than your Excellency's speedy repair to his Majesty for preventing the Ruine and Desolation of all and leaving the King's Authority in the hands of some Person and Persons faithful to his Majesty and trusty to the Nation and such as the Affection and Confidence of the People will follow by which the Rage and Fury of the Enemy may receive interruption They humbly offer this important Matter of Safety or Destruction of this Nation and the King's Interest to your Wisdom and Consideration hoping the Kingdom by your Excellency's presence with his Majesty and entrusting safely the King's Authority as above may with God's blessing hold out until relieved with Supplies from his Majesty The Prelates in the mean time will do what lieth in their power to assist the Person and Persons so entrusted The great Trust his Majesty doth repose in your Excellency the vast Interest in Fortune Alliance and Kindred you have in the Nation and your Experience in
and Justice Cook Assistants and it sat in the same place where the Supream Council us'd to sit Anno 1642. Afterwards the like Court was held at Dublin before the Lord Chief Justice Lowther and others and there Sir Phelim O Neal was tryed condemned and executed and it is observable that being urged both at his Tryal and Execution to discover the Commission he had from the King for the Rebellion of 1641 and that he should be pardoned both for Life and Estate he confess'd in both places That he had no such Commission but that he took the Seal from a Patent he found at Charlemont and fixed it to a Commission he had caused to be written in the King's Name and that Michael Harrison then present in Court and confessing the same was the person that sticht the Cord or Label of the Seal with Silk of the same colour These Commissions issued in the Name of the Commissioners of the Commonwealth of England for the Affairs in Ireland and that for Conaught bore date the 17th day of December 1652 and was signed by Fleetwood Ludlow and Jones and was directed to Sir Charles Coot Peter Stubbers Humphry Hurd Francis Gore John Desborough Thomas Davis Robert Ormsby Robert Clerk Charles Holeroft John Eyre Alexder Staples and others but I mention these because they sat upon the Tryal of the Lord of Mayo which began the 30th of December and ended the 12th of January at which time he was condemned by the Vote of seven of the Commissioners Gore Davis Clerk and Holcroft dissenting and accordingly he was shot to Death on the 15th But his Case being variously reported it will be convenient to give a faithful account of it as it appeared upon the Tryal which was thus Upon the Surrender of Castlebar which was besieged by the old Lord of Mayo and the Prisoner then Sir Tibâ—â—t Burk it was agreed by Articles that the English should march away with their Arms and be safely convoyed to Galway and though they were deprived of their Arms contrary to the Articles yet the Lord of Mayo and his Son the Prisoner with their Followers conveyed them safely to Ballynecarrow and the next day to Ballinroab and the third day to The Neal where they left Sir Henry Bingham on pretence of his being sick but as was suspected to preserve him from the subsequent Massacre the fourth day they came to Kinlagh and the next day to Shrule which it seems was two Mile out of the Road to Galway there they lodged that night and the next morning on the 13th of February 1641 an Ambush was laid on the other side of the Bridge which as soon as the English got over the Bridge fell upon them and by the help of the Convoy murdered about fourscore of the English the Protestant Bishop of Kiâ—lalla and a few others only escaping This matter of fact was thus proved Four Witnesses swore that the Prisoner was present at this Massacre and did not oppose it and that the Convoy were the Murtherers and that the Lord Mayo's Fosterers Servants and Followers were of that number and it was proved that the Lord Mayo the Father engaged by Capitulation to Convey the English safe to Galway and that they were disarmed by his Command and some of them were Plundered and Stript by the way by the Convoy and could get no redress from the Prisoner or his Father that the Convoy pricked forward the English over the Bridge towards the Murderers and the old Lord Mayo went to a little Hill hard by to look on that the Prisoner was seen to come over the Bridge from the Murtherers after several English-men had been killed and had been actually amongst them with his Sword drawn that the Father refused to Convoy them any farther than Shrule and that the Prisoner was the first Man that entered Castlebar after the Capitulation And the substance of the Prisoner's Defence was That he had no Command of the Party but with two Servants only came to attend his Father that on the Outcry he went over the Bridge and drew his Sword with design to preserve the English but being shot at by one of the Murderers he got a Horse having lent his own to the Bishop of Killalla to make his escape and rode away before the Murther was commited and if he had not fled he had been killed himself and that he was kind to the English and preserved many of them both before and after and that the Protestant Bishop of Killalla had declared That he believed this Action was done in spight to the Prisoner and by Letter acknowleged his Civility to himself But to proceed the like High Courts of Justice were held at Cork Waterford c. but so many of the Murtherers had been destroyed by the Sword and the Pestilence that not above two hundred suffered by the hands of the common Executioner In the mean time on the 12th of August they passed in England an Act for the settling of Ireland wherein the Marquess of Ormond the Protestant Bishop of Derry the Earl of Roscomon and the Lord Insiquin were by name excepted from Pardon for Life or Estate equally with many others therein named that were guilty of the first Rebellion And so we are come to the Year 1653 wherein I cannot find any thing that looks like War and yet it was the 26th day of September before it was declared That the Rebels were subdued and the Rebellion appeased and ended Whereupon they immediately proceeded to the Distribution of Lands to the Souldiers for their Arrears and to the Adventurers for their Money And thus ended a REBELLION which began with TREACHERY and CRUELTY and continued with OBSTINACY against all the Tenders of MERCY and the utmost CONCESSIONS a Gracious King could make and was supported by an OATH of ASSOCIATION and Propositions annexed thereunto wherein there is not a word but breaths HIGHTREASON except a few of the first Lines which sets up the KING's NAME and AUTHORITY in PAGEANTRY and MOCKERY to be Crucified and Contradicted by all that follows FINIS A LETTER To the AUTHOR of the History of Ireland CONTAINING A Brief Account of the Transactions in that Kingdom since 1653. SIR I Do very well approve of your resolution to close the Second Part of your History of Ireland with the end of the Irish Rebellion for besides that it is impossible for you at this distance from the Records and Council-Books in Ireland to give so full and satisfactory an Account of that Kingdom from 1653 forwards as you have given of the time before it is certain that the Intrigues of the Acts of Settlement and Court of Claims the Transactions in the late Reign and the present stupendious Revolution will afford matter more than enough for another Volume nor indeed can your History be so compleat as I expect it will be if it were closed with any thing less than the Glorious Issue of the present War However I do not offer this
His Majesties Protestant Subjects and their Adherents respectively 7. It is Concluded and Accorded that what Corn hath been Sown by any of His Majesties Army or by any of his Protestant Subjects or their Adherents or by any of them within any of the Quarters allotted in the Province of Leinster to the said other Party the same shall be enjoyed by the Sowers and Manurers paying for the same as they did agree and in case they did not agree paying the Fourth Sheaf unto such Garrison within whose Quarters the same shall fall And that in case any of the said Roman-Catholick◠Subjects now in Arms c. or any of their Party have Sown Corn within any the Quarters alotted in the Province of Leinster to the said other Party the same shall be enjoyed by the Sowers and Manurers paying for the same as they did agree and in case they did not agree paying the Fourth Sheaf unto such Garrisons within whose Quarters the same shall fall And it is likewise Concluded and Accorded that those Places which have been Protected by the Lords Justices or any Officer of His Majesties Army do pay according to the Agreement which was made and if no Agreement were made to pay the Fourth Sheaf to those Garrisons or Persons who Protected them in whose soever Quarters they are◠And this to continue for a Rule other than as to so many of those Garrisons who granted such Protection and are since regained by the said Party or some of them for whom the said Donnogh Viscount Muskery and the Persons above named are authorised as aforesaid And that the Tenants of the Town of Balliboght in the County of Dublin if they have not been protected shall pay according to agreement and if no Agreement made then the Fourth Sheaf and to continue their Possessions during this Cessation And it is further Concluded and Accorded that where His Majesty on any of His Protestant Subjects or their Adherents shall happen to have any Garrison or Garrisons within the Quarters set forth in the next precedent Article for the said other Party that such Garison and Garisons shall have such competency of Lands as well profitable as unprofitable now termed waste as shall be found necessary for them by any indifferent Commissioners to be appointed for that purpose 8. It is concluded and accorded that the Quarters in the Province of Munster be as followeth viz. That the County of the City of Cork and so much of the County of Cork as is within the subsequent Garrisons viz. From Youghall to Mogeely thence to Formoy thence to Michelstown thence to Liscarroll and so in a line from Michelstown and Liscarroll northward as far as His Majesties out-Garrisons on that side do extend and from Liscarroll to Mallow thence to Cork thence to Carrig-Croghan thence to Rochfordstown thence to Bandonbridge thence to Timmoleage and thence forward to the Sea together with the said Garrisons shall during the said Cessation remain and be in the Possession of His Majesties Protestant Subjects and of such as adhere unto them Saving and excepting to the said Roman Catholick Subjects now in Arms c. and their party all such Castles Towns Lands Territories and the Lands and Hereditaments thereunto belonging which on the said Fifteenth Day of September 1643 ☜ at the hour aforesaid are possessed in the said Counties or any of them by any of the said Roman Catholick Subjects now in Arms c. and their party And that the residue of the said County of Cork shall likewise remain to the said party last named saving and excepting to His Majesties Protestant Subjects and their Adherents all such Castles Towns Lands Territories and the Lands and Hereditaments thereunto belonging which on the said Fifteenth Day of September 1643 ☜ at the hour aforesaid are possessed in the last mentioned Quarters by them or any of them And that the County of Tipperary the County of Limerick the County of the City of Limerick the County of Kerry the County of Waterford the County of the City of Waterford and the County of Clare shall during the said Cessation remain and be in the possession of the said Roman Catholick Subjects now in Arms c. and their party Except Knockmorn Ardmore Piltown Cappoquin Ballinetra Stroncally Lismore Balliduffe Lisfinny and Tallow all scituate in the County of Waterford or as many of them as are possessed by His Majesties Protestant Subjects and their Adherents the said fifteenth Day of September 1643 at the hour aforesaid and likewise except all such Castles Towns Lands Territories and Hereditaments thereunto belonging as within the said Counties respectively on the said fifteenth Day of September 1643 at the hour aforesaid are possessed by any of His Majesties Protestant Subjects or such as adhere unto that party respectively in the said County of Waterford and the rest of the last mentioned Counties And it is concluded and accorded that the like rule for Corn sown and what shall be payed by places protected and for the laying out wasts for the respective Garrisons shall be observed in the Province of Munster as it is set down for Leinster 9. It is concluded and accorded that the quarters in the Province of Vlster be as followeth viz. That such Counties Baronies Lands Tenements and Hereditaments in the Province of Vlster which the said fifteenth Day of September 1643 at the hour aforesaid are possessed by any of His Majesties Protestant Subjects or any that adhere unto them and all places protected by any Commander deriving Authority from His Majesty shall during the said Cessation remain entirely in the hands and in the possession of His Majesties Protestant Subjects and such as adhere unto them excepting such Castles Lands and Hereditaments as on the fifteenth Day of September 1643 at the hour aforesaid are possessed by the said Roman Catholick Subjects now in Arms c. or their party And that all such Counties Baronies Lands Tenements and Hereditaments in the said Province which on the said fifteenth of September 1643 at the hour aforesaid are possessed by the said Roman Catholick Subjects now in Arms c. and their party shall remain entirely during this Cessation in the hands and possession of the said Roman Catholick Subjects now in Arms c. and their party saving and excepting throughout all places protected by any Commander deriving Authority from His Majesty and likewise excepting there-out all such Territories Castles Towns Lands Tenements and Hereditaments which on the said fifteenth Day of September 1643 at the hour aforesaid are possessed by any of His Majesties Protestant Subjects or such as adhere unto them And it is concluded and accorded that the like rule for Corn sown and what shall be payed for protected places and for the laying down of wasts for the respective Garrisons shall be observed in the Province of Vlster as is set down for Leinster 10. It is concluded and accorded that the quarters in the Province of Connaght be
truly and inviolably observed fulfilled and kept 11. It is concluded and accorded that all Possessions and likewise all Goods and Chattles that shall be found in Specie taken by either party after the Hour of Twelve aforesaid and before Publication of this Cessation shall be restored to the Owners and after Publication all Possessions and Goods that shall be taken to be restored to the Owners upon demand or Damages for the same In witness whereof the said Marquess to the part of the said Articles remaining with the said Viscount Muskery and the rest of the above named Persons hath put his Hand and Seal And the said Viscount Muskery c. To that part of the Articles remaining with the said Marquess Ormond have put their Hands and Seals the Day and Year first above written Muskery Lucas Dillon Nic. Plunket Rob. Talbot Rich. Barnwell Torl o Neale Geffry Brown Ever Magennis Jo. Walsh An Instrument touching the manner of payment of 30800 Pounds Sterling by several Payments WHereas by an Instrument bearing date with these Presents we have in the behalf and by Authority from the Roman Catholicks of this Kingdom freely given unto His Majesty the Summ of Thirty Thousand Pounds Sterling wherein the times or manner of payments are not expressed We do therefore hereby agree that the same shall be paid in manner following viz. 5000 Pounds within one Month next after the date of these Presents the one half in Money and the other half in good and merchantable Beeves not under four or above ten years old at the Rate of 30 Pounds the score at the City of Dublin 5000 Pounds more within one Month next after the said first Month the one half in Money and the other half in Beeves as aforesaid at the like Rates at the City of Dublin aforesaid also within two Months next after Five Thousand Pounds more whereof one half in Beeves as aforesaid at the like Rates and the other half in Money One other Five Thousand Pounds at or before the last of February next and the Summ of 10000 Pounds being the last Payment of the said Thirty Thousand Pounds at or before the last Day of May next which shall be in the Year 1644. And we hereby further agree that Eight Hundred Pounds more shall be paid to His Majesties Use to whom the Lords Jnstlces shall appoint at the Garrison of Naas within two Months next ensuing the one half by one Months End next after the date hereof and the other half by the End of one Month more next after that First Month all other Payments in Money save the Eight Hundred Pounds shall be paid at Dublin and the rest of the Beeves save the said first two Payments to be paid within the several Provinces to His Majesties Use to such Persons as shall be appointed by His Majesties Lords Justices or other Chief Governor or Governors in this Kingdom they first giving notice to Us or any one or more of Us of their Pleasures therein In witness whereof We have hereunto put our Hands and Seals the sixteenth Day of September 1643. Muskery Lucas Dillon Nic. Plunket Rob. Talbot Rich. Barnwell Torl O Neale Geffry Brown Ever Magennis Jo. Walsh Appendix XVII The Lord of Insiquin's Complaints of the Breaches of the Cessation in Munster First THEY withhold from us the Fourth Sheaff in Barymore and Imokilly albeit those two intire Baronies were under the protection of our Army and most of them under particular Protection until Four or Five days before the Cessation during all which time they did contribute to our several Garrisons and were under our Command at the time of Sowing and for the most part at the time of Reaping the last Harvest and the Articles say That the places Sown under our Protection shall pay the Sheaff c. Secondly We being possessed of the whole Lands in Roches Country all the time before the Cessation they pretend to a Possession gain'd therein some days before the Treaty endedâ— by thrusting Three or Four men a piece into some old ruinous Castles or Houses deserted by us in a skulking manner it being very evident that they had no considerable Force drawn into all that Country save what they slipt into those deserted places as aforesaid whilst we had Two strong Garrisons at Mallow and Downeraile which would easily have repelled any Force that they brought into those parts if they had come in such sort as to be taken notice of Thirdly In like manner they have gained and do insist upon the Possession of Bally-begg near Buttivant and other places in Orrery Fourthly The Castle of Pilltown they entred into Four or Five days after the Cessation and do yet detain it and the Castle of Cloghleigh with others in Condons they gained as those in Roches Country Fifthly Several of the principal Gentry in Orrery as Mr. Robinson Stapleton Lombard and Magner with their Tenants having always adhered and contributed to our Party and never declared themselves against us by any publick Act have since the Cessation been drawn to join with their Party under pretence that they had past their private Promise to Mac Donogh and Donogh O Callaghane to join with them when the Cessation was concluded Sixthly Several of our Party being in actual Possession of sundry Tithes in Barrymore and Imokilly did make Sale thereof and contract for several Summs of Money in lieu of them for payment whereof they took Bills and other Security before we lost any part of our Interest there which Monies so contracted for they refused to pay Seventhly The Lord Roch by force and strong hand hath entred upon Mr. Cuishin of Farrihi's Lands and compelled him to the payment of Six or Seven Pounds and enforced divers of his People to Swear to further Payments Mr. Cuishin having been always of our Party both before and since the Cessation and not to be drawn to theirs by their vehement Perswasions since the Cessation and having for the most part a Ward in his Castle Eighthly Where by the Articles of Cessation competent proportions of Land ought to be allowed to all Garrisons and Wards Captain Garret Fitz Gerald hath entred upon the Liberties of the Town of Youghal and thereout expelled divers poor English by violent taking their distresses by placing Guards of Armed Men on the High-ways and enforcing the People to contribute to their Army Ninthly They have entred upon a Mill and Five Plow-Lands of Ballycrenan belonging to Robert Tynt Esquire since the beginning of April last which was formerly in his continual Possession Tenthly The Lord Roch hath violently taken away from Mr. Cuishin the Tithes belonging to Dean Boyl and by him contracted for and disposed of before the Cessation whilst the Barony of Fermoy was in our Hands Eleventhly Several other petty Injuries as Stealths of Cattle Detention of Corn Incroachments on Bounds and the like do daily occur touching which we cannot prevail with any of their Party to joyn or interpose in
and laboured to Extirpate the Protestant Religion from amongst them so they do believe that these Rumours of a Cessation were first contrived by the Enemies of our Religion and Peace and by their Practices The Treaty was carryed on with much Subtilty and Solicitation thereby to stop the sending of Supplies from thence to our Armies and for the cooling of the affections of those who have already shewed their zeal to the Weal of Ireland and therefore the only means to defeat this their Policy and prevent the Evils intended by it is to settle a course whereby the Armies of Ireland may be at least Fenced against Hunger and Cold For which prupose it is desired that all those who are well affected to the Protestant Religion either in this or that Kingdom and all those who by their Adventures already made have embarked their particular Interests with the Publick of that Kingdom and to desire a good return of their engagements would joyn their endeavours for obviating of that necessity which may be made a strong Argument to inforce a Destructive Cessation of Arms and that they would not through too much suspition of it forbear the providing of Supplies and so occasion that inconvenience which they ought by all means to prevent for by so doing they will lose all their former Pains and Charges and the witholding of Provisions now will gain credit to that Calumny laid against this Kingdom of neglecting the Armies of Ireland and by the continuing of Supplies these Forces will be encouraged to continue the War and so Crown both their Work and ours And lastly the Rebels seeing assistance against them still flowing from hence must needs be out of hope of Prosecuting or Concluding this their Design The cry of much Protestant Blood the great indigency of many Ruined Families the danger of our Religion almost exiled out of that Kingdom calls for this last Act of Piety Charity Justice and Policy from us which being resolved on Letters are to be dispatched to the several parts of that Kingdom to encourage the Commanders and Soldiers upon the aforesaid Reasons and Assurances that they may not hearken to such an unjust and deceitful Counsel and as by their prosecuting of the War through Gods Blessing they have successfully resisted the Rebels cruelty so they may upon this occasion beware they be not over-reached by their craft All which the Lords and Commons do earnestly desire may be seriously taken to heart by all the Kingdom and that from those other encouragements mentioned at large in the Ordinance of the 14 th of July last and such as now are offered a Course may be taken whereby such a constant Weekly Contribution may be setled as will supply to the Armies in Ireland the meer necessities of Nature which may be more punctually and seasonably transmitted unto the several parts of that Kingdom according to their respective Wants that so the benefit and honour of so Pious a work happily begun and successfully hitherto carryed on may not be lost when so little remains to be done and that the saving ☞ of a Kingdom the re-establishing of so many Protestant Churches the re-possessing of so many Thousand Christians into their Estates may not be deserted and let fall to the ground for a little more pains and cost Appendix XIX A Proclamation of the Governour of the County of Fermanagh against Commerce with the Protestants of Iniskilling Com. Fermanagh FOrasmuch as the daily Resort and Concourse of Catholicks since the Cessation into English Garrisons might bring a great deal of Inconveniency unto our Proceedings I do therefore hereby by vertue of the Lord Generals Authority given me in that behalf and especially to avoid the imminent Peril that hereafter might arise thereof straightly charge and command all manner of Persons of what rank Quality or condition soever they be of the Irish Nation of this County not to Visit Confer Talk or Parly to or with any Person or Persons of in or belonging to the Garrison of Iniskilling upon pain of Death and of Forfeiting all the Goods and Chattels belonging to every such Offender or Offenders and likewise that none of the Inhabitants of this County on the West-side of Loghern Live Dwell or Inhabit any nearer to Iniskillng than the River of Arny until further directions be given to the contrary upon pain of the aforesaid Forfeiture and Penaly Dated the Five and Twentieth Day of November 1643. Rory Maguire Appendix XX. The Armies Remonstrance the 4th of April 1643. My Lords AT our First entrance into this Unhappy Kingdom we had no other design than by our Swords to assert and vindicate the Right of his Majesty which was here most highly abused to redress the wrongs of his poor Subjects and to advance our own particulars in the prosecution of so honest undertakings And for the rest of these we do believe they have since our coming over succeeded pretty well but for the last which concerns our selves That hath fallen out so contrary to our expectations that instead of being rewarded we have been prejudiced instead of getting a Fortune we have spent part of one And though we behave our selves never so well Abroad and perform the Actions of Honest Men yet we have the reward of Rogues and Rebels which is Misery and Want when we come home Now My Lords although we be brought to so great an Exigence that we are ready to Rob and Spoil one another yet to prevent such outrages we thought it better to try all honest means for our Subsistence before we take such indirect courses Therefore if your Lordships will be pleased to take us timely into your considerations before our urgent wants make us desperate we will as we have done hitherto serve your Lordships readily and faithfully But if your Lordships will not find a way for our Preservation here we humbly desire we may have leave to go where we may have a better being And if your Lordships shall refuse to grant that we must then take leave to have our Recourse to that First and Primary Law which God hath endued all Men with we mean the Law of Nature which teacheth all Men to preserve themselves Appendix XXI The Humble Propositions of your Majesties Protestant Agents of Ireland in pursuance of the Humble Petition of your Majesties Protestant Subjects as well Commanders of your Majesties Army there as others presented to your Majesty the Eighteenth Day of April 1644 and answered by your Majesty the Five and Twentieth of the same 1. WE most humbly desire the Establishment of the true Protestant Religion in Ireland according to the Laws and Statutes in the said Kingdom now in force 2. That the Popish Titular Archbishops ☜ Bishops Jesuits Fryers and Priests and all others of the Roman Clergy be banished out of Ireland because they have been the Stirrers up of all Rebellion and while they continue there there can be no hope of safety for your Majesties
the said Lord Viscount Mountgarret and the rest of the Persons to be authorised as aforesaid or any Five or more of them and as to his Majesties Rents to grow due at Easter next and from thenceforth the same to be payable unto his Majesty notwithstanding any thing contained in the Article of the Act of Oblivion or in any other Article to the contrary but the same not to be written for or Lewed until a full settlement in Parliament as aforesaid 30. It is further concluded accorded and agreed by and between the said Parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased That the Commissioners of Oâ—er and Terminer and Goal delivery to be named as aforesaid shall have power to hear and determine all Murthers Manslaughters Rapes Stealths Burning of Houses and Corn in Reek or Stacks Robberies Burglaries Forceable Entries Detainers of Possessions and other Offences committed or done and to be committed and â—one from the 15 th of September 1643 until the First day of the next Parliament These present Articles or any thing therein contained to the contrary notwithstanding Provided that the authority of the said Commissioners shall not extend to question any Person or Persons for doing or Committing any Act whatsoever before the conclusion of this Treaty by vertue or colour of any Warrant or Direction from those in pâ—ublick Authority among the Confederate Catholicks nor unto any Act which shall be done after the perfecting and concluding of these Articles by vertue or pretence of any authority which is now by these Articles agreed on Provided also the said Commission shall not continue longer than to the First day of the next Parliament In witness whereof his Excellency the Marquess of Ormond Lord Lieutenant of Iâ—eland his Majesties Commissioner to that part of these Articles remaining with the said Richard Lord Viscount Mountgarret c. and the said Lord Viscount Mountgarret c to that part of these Articles remaining with the said Lord Lieutenant have put their Hands and Seals at Dublin this 28 th day of March 1646 and in the Two and Twentieth Year of the Reign of our Sovereign King Charles King of Great Britain France and Ireland c. Appendix XXV The Petition of the Protestants of Munster against a Peace with the Irish to the Right Honourable the Lord Lieutenant General and Council of Ireland Humbly Sheweth THAT whereas after a long and happy enjoyment of the Peace and Prosperity under which by his Majesties Gracious Government this Land did lately flourish the Irish Papists of this Kingdom have on or about the Three and Twentieth day of October 1641 entred into a most Wicked and Treacherous Conspiracy to surprise the then Lords Justices and Council together with the City of Dublin and all other his Majesties Forts and Holds within this Kingdom intending thereby totally and at once to extirpate the Protestant Religion and English Nation from amongst them and consequently to alienate this Kingdom from the Crown and Government of England And for those ends although they were by the Divine Providence disappointed in the main point of that Bloody and Cruel design have pursued the same with indefatigable malice into Acts of open Rebellion and most inhumane Barbarism Robbing and Despoiling his Majesties good Subjects of their Lives and Fourtunes in all parts of the Kingdom insomuch as his Majesty for the Vindication of his Protestant Subjects from the cruel Rapines of the said Irish Papists was justly occasioned to denounce and undertake a War in this Kingdom the managing and support whereof he was graciously pleased to recommend to and entrust with his Parliament then sitting in England who having piously begun the great work of Suppressing the Cruelties of the aforesaid Irish were by the unhappy interposition of sundry fatal differences in England somented as may be greatly doubted by the Rebels of this Kingdom diverted from the careful and provident courses requisite in so important an affair By means whereof this Majesty who had undertaken the War for our defence was now constrained for our preservation to treat and conclude of a Cessation of Arms for Twelve Months space in which time he was made believe the aforesaid Irish Papists would submit to some 〈◊〉 and honourable conditions of Peace To when purpose Agents from the aforesaid Irish were admitted to have access to his Royal presence and his Majesty did not only in manifestation of his Pâ—ous and Paternal care of his Proteâ—â—ant Subjects command certain select persons welliâ—ensed and interested in the State and Affairs of this Kingâ—om to atâ—end his Royal Person and give information and assistance in the debate of so weighty a business but did also give admission to such Agents as his Protestant Subjects were able to imploy in representing their particular and general grievanced and sâ—fferings by the said Irish Papists who in the negotiation of that whole matter have endeavoured to make advantage of his Majesties 〈◊〉 and by sinister and corrupt means with a lavish expence of that treasure and those Estates which your Petitioners have been dispoled of by them to raise a Factious Party at the Court to seduce and misguide his Royal Majesty and to beguil his Judgment with a selfe opinion of their inclination to Peace and feigned forwardness to advanâ—â— his Service and to discountance and suppress those whose attendance his Majesty had required and those Agents whom your Petitioneâ—s imployed by which subtil and serpentine courses â—he said Irish Agents having quasht and deprest all opposers and accusers and removed all impediments to their 〈◊〉 ends of exâ—irpaâ—ing the English and before any equal debate of the cause proâ—â—red a transmission of the whole affair unto your Lordships with Power and Commission further to treat and conclude of such conditions as by those deceitful courses they had gained too great hope to be confirmed unto them which for some reasons was not thought fit to be done in England they do now with the same art and subtilty study to trick your Petitioners here before your Lordships and to compound for all their mischiefs multiplied upon the Heads of your Petitioners at their own rates And therefore at a time when neither your Petitioners nor any from them are present when the Agents imployed to his Sacred Majesty are unreturned to this Kingdom and whilst most of your Petitioners evidences of their detestable Treasons and horrible Barbarisms are remaining in England they endeavour to strike up the business with your Lordships upon such terms as your Petitioners who were once a considerable part of this late flourishing and now unhappy Kingdom have not the honour to be made privy unto or to be called or admitted to any debate of the business of that main influence upon themselves and their Posterity Wherefore your Petitioners having seen how far some Persons of Honour have been misguided and by secret and subtil contrivances drawn to become abused properties and instruments to accomplish the wicked designs of the aforesaid
in this present Parliament assembled is graciously pleased that it may be Enacted And be it Enacted by the King 's most Excellent Majesty the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons in this present Parliament assembled and by Authority of the same That from and after the First day of this Session of Parliament it shall and may be lawful to and for all the Professors of the Roman Catholick Religion of what degree condition or quality to have use and enjoy the free and publick exercise and profession of the said Roman Catholick Religion and of their several and respective functions therein without incurring any Mulct or Penalty whatsoever or being subject to any restraint or incapacity concerning the same any Article or Clause Sentence or Provision in the said last mentioned Acts of Parliament or in any other Act or Acts of Parliament Ordinances Law or usage to the contrary or in any wise notwithstanding And be it also further Enacted That neither the said Statutes or any other Statute Acts or Ordinances hereafter made in Your Majesties Reign or in the Reign of any of Your Highnesses most Noble Progenitors or Ancestors and now of Force in this Kingdom nor all nor any Branch Article Clause and Sentence in them or any of them contained or specified shall be of force or validity in this Realm to extend to be construed or adjudged to extend in any wise to inquiet prejudice vex or molest the Professors of the said Roman Catholick Religion in their Persons Lands Hereditaments or Goods or any thing matter or cause whatsoever touching and concerning the free and publick use exercise and enjoyings of their said Religion function and profession And be it also further Enacted and Declared by the Authority aforesaid That Your Majesties Roman Catholick Subjects in the said Realm of Ireland from the first day of this Session of Parliament shall be and be taken deemed and adjudged capable of all Offices of Trust and Advancement Places Degrees and Dignities and perferment whatsoever within your said Realm of Ireland Any Acts Statutes Vsage or Law to the contrary notwithstanding And that other Acts shall be passed in the said Parliament according to the tenour of such Agreement or Concessions as herein are expressed and that in the mean time the said Roman Catholick Subjects and every of them shall enjoy the full benefit freedom and advantage of the said Agreement and Concessions and of every of them 5. It is Accorded Granted and Agreed by the said Earl for and in the bâ—â—â—lf of His Majesty His Heirs and Successors That his Excellency the Lord Marques of Ormond Lord Lieutenant of Ireland or any other or others Authorized or to be Authorized by His Majesty shall not disturb the professors of the Roman Catholick Religion in their present possession and continuance of the profession of their said Churches Jurisdiction or any other the matters aforesaid in these Articles agreed and condescended unto by the said Earl until His Majesties pleasure be signified for confirming and publishing the Grants and Agreements hereby Articled for and Condescended unto by the said Earl 6. And the said Earl of Glamorgan doth hereby engage His Majesty's Royal Word and Publick Faith unto all and singular the professors of the said Roman Catholick Religion within the said Kingdom of Ireland for the due observance and performance of all and every the Articles Grants and Clauses therein contained and the Concessions herein mentioned to be performed to them 7. It is Accorded and Argeed That the said publick Faith of the Kingdom shall be ingaged unto the said Earl by the said Commissioners of the said Confederate Catholicks for sending Ten thousand men to serve His Majesty by order and publick Declaration of the General Assembly now sitting And that the Supream Council of the said Confederate Catholicks shall engage themselves to bring the said number of Men Armed the one half with Musquets and the other half with Pikes unto any Port within this Realm at the Election of the said Earl and at such time as he shall appoint to be by him Shipped and Transported to serve His Majesty in England Wales or Scotland under the Command of the said Earl of Glamorgan as the Lord General of the said Army which Army is to be kept together in one intire Body and all other the Officers and Commanders of the said Army are to be named by the Supream Council of the said Confederate Catholicks or by such others as the General Assembly of the said Confederate Catholicks of this Kingdom shall intrust therewith In witness whereof the Parties to these Presents have hereunto interchangeably put their Hands and Seals the 25 th day of August 1645. Glamorgan Signed Sealed and Delivered in the Presence of John Somerset Jeffery Barron Robert Barry Articles of Agreement made and concluded upon by and between the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Glamorgan and in pursuance and by vertue of His Majesty's Authority under His Signet and Royal Signature bearing Date at Oxford the Twelfth day of March in the Twentieth Year of His Reign for and on the behalf of His Most Excellent Majesty of the one part and the Right Honourable Richard Lord Viscount Mountgarret Lord President of the Supream Council of the Confederate Catholicks of Ireland Donnogh Lord Viscount Muskerry Alex. M. Donnell and Nicholas Plunket Esquires Sir Robert Talbot Baronet Dermot O Brien John Dillon Patrick Darcy and Jeffery Browne Esquires for and on the behalf of His Majesty's Roman Catholick Subjects and the Catholick Clergy of Ireland of the other part 1. THE said Earl doth Grant Conclude and Agree on the behalf of His Majesty His Heirs and Successors to and with the said Richard Lord Viscount Mountgarret Donnogh Lord Viscount Muskerry Alex. Mac Donnell and Nicholas Plunket Esquires Sir Robert Talbot Baronet Dermot O Brien John Dillon Patrick Darcy and Jeffery Browne Esquires That the Roman Catholick Clergy of the said Kingdom shall and may from henceforth for ever hold and enjoy all such Lands Tenements Tyths and Hereâ—itaments whatsoever by them respectively enjoyed within this Kingdom or by them possessed at any time since the Three and twentieth of October 1641. And all other such Lands Tenements Tyths and Hereditaments belonging to the Clergy within this Kingdom other than such as are actually enjoyed by His Majesty's Protestant Clergy 2. It is Granted Concluded and Agreed on by the said Richard Lord Viscount Mountgarret c. on the behalf of the Confederate Roman Catholicks of Ireland that Two parts in Three parts to be divided of all the said Lands Tyths and Hereditaments whatsoever mentioned in the precedent Articles shall for Three Years next ensuing the Feast of Easter which shall be in the Year of our Lord God 1646. be disposed of and converted for and to the Use of His Majesty's Forces employed or to be employed in His Service and the other Third part to the Use of the said Clergy resepectively and so the like
bonds recognizances or any Record or acts office or offices inquisitions or any other thing depending upon or by reason of the said indictments attainders or outlawries shall in any sort prejudice the said Roman Catholicks or any of them but that they and every of them shall be forthwith upon perfection of these Articles restored to their respective possessions and hereditaments respectively provided that no man shall be questioned by reason hereof for measne rates or wastes saving wilful wastes committed after the first day of May last past 5. Item It is likewise concluded accorded and agreed and his Majesty is graciously pleased that as soon as possible may be all impediments which may hinder the said Roman Catholicks to sit or vote in the next intended Parliament or to choose or to be chosen Knights and Burgesses to sit or vote there shall be removed and that before the said Parliament 6. Item It is concluded accorded and agreed upon and his Majesty is further gratiously pleased that all debts shall remain as they were upon the 23. of October 1641. Notwithstanding any disposition made or to be made by vertue or colour of any attainder outlawry fugacy or other forfeiture and that no disposition or grant made or to be made of any such debts by vertue of any attainder outlawry fugacy or other forfeiture shall be of force and this to be passed as an act in the next Parliament 7. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon and his Majesty is graciously pleased that for the securing of the Estates or reputed Estates of the Lords Knights Gentlemen and Free-holders or reputed Free holders as well of Connaght and County of Clare or Country of Thomond as of the Counties of Limerick and Tipperary the same be secured by Act of Parliament according to the intent of the 25. Article of the graces granted in the fourth year of his Majesties Reign the tenor whereof for so much as concerneth the same doth ensue in these words viz. We are graciously pleased that for the Inhabitants of Connaght and Country of Thomond and County of Clare that their several Estates shall be confirmed unto them and their Heirs against us and our Heirs and Successors by Act to be passed in the next Parliament to be holden in Ireland to the end the same may never hereafter be brought into any further question by Us or Our Heirs and Successors In which Act of Parliament so to be passed you are to take care that all tenures in capite and all Rents and Services as are now düe or which ought to be answered unto us out of the said Lands and premises by any Letters Pattents past thereof since the first year of King Henry the Eight or found by any Office taken from the said first year of King Henry the Eight until the 21. of July 1645. whereby our late dear Father or any his Predecessors actually received any profit by wardship liveries primer-seisins measne rates ousterlemains or fines of alienations without License be again reserved unto Us Our Heirs and Successors and all the rest of the premises to be holden of our Castle of Athlone by Knights service according to Our said late Fathers Letters notwithstanding any tenures in capite found for Us by Office since the 21. of July 1615. and not appearing in any such Letters Patents or Offices within which Rule his Majesty is likewise graciously pleased that the said Lands in the Counties of Limerick and Tipperarie be included but to be held by such Rents and Tenures only as they were in the fourth year of his Majesties Reign provided always that the said Lords Knights Gentlemen and Freeholders of the said Province of Connaght County of Clare and Country of Thoâ—â—â—â— and Counties of Tipperarie and Limerick shall have and enjoy the full benefit of such composition and agreement which shall be made with his most Excellent Majesty for the Court of Wards Tenures Respits and issues of Homage any clause in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding and as for the Lands within the Counties of Kilkennie and Wickloe unto which his Majesty was intituled by Offices taken or found in the time of the Earl of Straffords Government in this Kingdom his Majesty is further graciously pleased that the State thereof shall be considered in the next intended Parliament where his Majesty will assent unto that which shall be just and honourable and that the like act of Limitation of his Majesties Titles for the security of the Estates of his Subjects of this Kingdom be passed in the said Parliament as was enacted in the 21. year of his late Majesty King James his Reign in England 8. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that all incapacities imposed upon the Natives of this Kingdom or any of them as Natives by any Act of Parliament Provisoes in Patents or otherwise be taken away by Act to be passed in the said Parliament and that they may be enabled to erect one or more Innes of Court in or near the City of Dublin or elsewhere as shall be thought fit by his Majesties Lord Lieutenant or other chief Governour or Governours of this Kingdom for the time being and in case the said Innes of Court shall be erected before the first day of the next Parliament then the same shall be in such place as his Majesties Lord Lieutenant or other cheif Governour or Governours of this Kingdom for the time being by and with the advice and consent of the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon or any seven or more of them shall think fit and that such Students Natives of this Kingdom as shall be therein may take and receive the usual degrees accustomed in any Inns of Court they taking the insuing Oath viz. I. A. B. Do hereby acknowledge profess testifie and declare in my Conscience before God and the world that our Sovereign Lord King Charles is lawful and rightful King of this Realm and of other His Majesties Dominions and Countries and I will bear Faith and true Allegiance to His Majesty and His Heirs and Successors and Him and them will defend to the uttermost of my power against all conspiracies and attempts whatsoever which shall be made against his or their Crown and Dignity and do my best endeavour to disclose and make known to His Majesty His Heirs and Successors or to the Lord Deputy or other His Majesties Chief Governour or Governours for the time being all Treasons or Traiterous conspiracies which I shall know or hear to be intended against His Majesty or any of them and I do make this Recognition and acknowledgment heartily willingly and truly upon the true Faith of a Christian So help me God c. And his Majesty is further graciously pleased that his Majesties Roman Catholick Subjects may erect and keep free-Schools for Education of youths in this Kingdom any Law or Statute to the contrary notwithstanding and that all
Forfeitures which shall happen before you you shall cause to be entred without any concealment or imbezling and send to the Court of Exchequer or to such other place as his Majesties Lord Lieutenant or other chief Governor or Governors of this Kingdom shall appoint until there may be access unto the said Court of Exchequer You shall not let for gift or other cause but well and truly you shall do your office of Justice of the Peace Oyer and Terminer Assizes and Goal delivery in that behalf and that you take nothing for your office of Justice of the Peace Oyer and Terminer Assizes and Goal delivery to be done but of the King and Fees accustomed and you shall not direct or cause to be directed any Warrant by you to be made to the parties but you shall direct them to the Sheriffs and Bayliffs of the said Counties respectively or other the Kings Officers or Ministers or other indifferent persons to do execution thereof so help me God c. And that as well in the said Commission as in all other Commissions and Authorities to be issued in pursuance of the present Articles this clause shall be incerted viz. That all Officers Civil and Martial shall be required to be aiding and assisting and obedient unto the said Commissioners and other persons to be authorised as abovesaid in the execution of their respective powers 29. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that his Majesties Roman Catholick Subjects do continue the possession of such of his Majesties Cities Garrisons Towns Forts and Castles which are within their now Quarters until settlement by Parliament and to be commanded ruled and governed in cheif upon occasion of necessity as to the Martial and Military affairs lindx by such as his Majesty or his cheif Governour or Governors of this Kingdom for the time being shall appoint and the said appointment to be by and with the advice and consent of the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them and his Majesties cheif Governor or Governors is to issue Commissions accordingly to such persons as shall be so named and appointed as aforesaid for the executing of such Command Rule or Government to continue until all the particulars in these present Articles agreed on to pass in Parliament shall be accordingly passed only in case of death or misbehaviour such other person or persons to be appointed for the said Command Rule and Government to be named and appointed in the place or places of him or them who shall so dye or misbehave themselves as the cheif Governor or Governors for the time being by the advice and consent of the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall think fit and to be continued until a settlement in Parliament as aforesaid 30. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that all Customs and Tenths of Prizes belonging to his Majesty which from the perfection of these Articles shall fall due within this Kingdom shall he paid unto his Majesties Receipt or until recourse may be had thereunto in the ordinary legal way unto such person or persons and in such place or places and under such Controuls as the Lord Lieutenant shall appoint to be disposed of in order to the defence and safety of the Kingdom and the defraying of other the necessary publick charges thereof for the ease of the Subjects in other their Levies Charges and Applotments And that all and every person or persons who are at present intrusted and employed by the said Roman Catholicks in the Entries Receipts Collections or otherwise concerning the said Customs and Tenths of Prizes do continue their respective employments in the same until full settlement in Parliament accountable to his Majesties Receipts or until recourse may be had thereunto as the said Lord Lieutenant shall appoint as aforesaid other than to such and so many of them as to the chief Governor or Governors for the time being by and with the advice and consent of the said Tho. Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall be thought fit to be altered and then and in such case or in case of death fraud or mis-behaviour or other alteration of any such person or persons than such other person or persons to be employed therein as shall be thought fit by the chief Governor or Governors for the time being by and with the advice and consent of the said Tho. Lord Visc Dillon c. or any seven or more of them And when it shall appear that any person or persons who shall be found faithful to his Majesty hath right to any of the Offices or Places about the said Customs whereunto he or they may not be admitted until settlement in Parliament as aforesaid that a reasonable compensation shall be afforded to such person or persons for the same 31. Item As for and concerning his Majesties Rents payable at Easter next and from thenceforth to grow due until a settlement in Parliament it is concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is graciously pleased that the said Rents be not written for or levied until a full settlement in Parliament and in due time upon application to be made to the said Lord Lieutenant or other chief Governor or Governors of this Kingdom by the said Tho. Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them for remittal of those Rents the said Lord Lieutenant or any other chief Governor or Governors of this Kingdom for the time being shall intimate their desires and the reason thereof to his Majesty who upon consideration of the present condition of this Kingdom will declare his gracious pleasure therein as shall be just and honourable and satisfactory to the reasonable desires of his Subjects 32. Item It is concluded accorded and agreed by and between the said parties and his Majesty is graciously pleased that the Commissioners of Oyer and Terminer and Gaol delivery to be named as aforesaid shall have power to hear and determine all Murders Man-slaughters Rapes Stealths Burning of Houses and Corn in Rick or Stack Robberies Burglaries Forcible Entries Detainers of Possessions and other Offences committed or done and to be committed and done since the first day of May last past until the first day of the next Parliament these present Articles or any thing therein contained to the contrary notwithstanding Provided that the Authority of the said Commissioners shall not extend to question any person or persons for doing or committing any Act whatsoever before the conclusion of this Treaty by vertue or colour of any warrant or direction from those in publick Authority among the confederate Roman Catholick nor unto any Act which shall be done after the
the Rebels was far more numerous than the Rebels is not true for the Rebels were effectually 4000 Foot and 1200 Horse and the Army encamped at Rathmines was not stronger in Horse or Foot We deny not but that the Defeat may reasonably be ascribed to the Faithlessness Negligence Ignorance or Cowardize of some of the Officers and Souldiers Nor have we ever read or heard of any Defeat given where the encountering Numbers were near upon equal but the Defeat was ascribed to one or more of these Failings And yet it is for the most part found difficult and many times unfit to fix the Blame where it may most justly be placed But that the Peoples Belief of this is fortified for that no Search or Inquiry hath since been made by a Court or Council of War of the Deportment of the Officers is an Argument suitable to the Malice and Misconstruction all Our Actions have met with If the Officers were not fit for the Employments given them they were yet of those instanced to Us by the general Assembly And if new raised Men under expertless Officers accompanied with a general want of all things necessary for Support Offence and Defence have been beaten by a like or less Number of old well-armed experienced and continually garisoned Souldiers the wonder is not great nor the Accident rare even in this Kingdom and where We have commanded the prevailing Party If we could have had the Freedom in Election of Officers and Power to have garison'd them and their Souldiers where We might have overlooked them and caused them to have been exercised as We have always in vain desired it might yet have pleased God to have disposed of the Victory as he did but then We might more justly than now have been charged with a Failure on Our Part. But to return to what follows and clear the next Objection it will be necessary that We set down what We did presently after that Defeat When We found it impossible after twelves Miles riding to head any considerable Number of the scattered Horse and that as fast as We could rally them they broke from Us We immediately directed Our Letters to those We had left on Finglass side of Dublin and that had not that Day seen the Enemy being the Lord Dillon's Sir Thomas Armstrong's the Lord Moor's and Lieutenant Colonel Purdon's Regiments of Horse Colonel Warren's Colonel Wall 's and Col. Mich. Byrne's Regiments of Foot to march immediately the one half to Drogheda and the other half to Trym for the Security of those Places and went Our self to Kilkenny to rally what We could of the Army and to raise what new Forces We should be able This was accordingly done and that Day seven-night after the Defeat We marched out of Kilkenny with what Strength of Horse We could make to relieve Drogheda before which Jones was sat down Upon Our Approach to Trim with about 300 Horse which was all that We could in that time rally he raised his Siege and We went unto Drogheda During our being there Cromwel landed with his Army on or about the 15th of August not a full Fortnight after the Defeat at Rathmines It was then plain we were to be on the defensive part of the War and that he would draw forth suddenly to recover those Places we had gained And first we were assured he proposed to attempt Drogheda We therefore applied our uttermost Industry to supply that Place with what it wanted placed in it Sir Arthur Aston as expert and gallant a Governour as we could wish for gave him the same Men and the same number of Men Horse and Foot that he desired and furnished him with the full proportion of Ammunition and other Provisions he demanded judging that if Cromwell could be there foiled of kept before it but for a time it would much advantage us that had so lately received so great a Blow as required time to recover and the Rebels in the Neck of it having received so great a Coountenance and Strength as Cromwell brought with him being the best of the Rebels old Army in England But it pleased God in a few days to give that Town into their Hands and all the Officers and Souldiers that were within it to the Cruelty of their Swords where there were lost 2000 of our best Souldiers with all their Officers who were chosen as the likeliest Men by giving a Check to Cromwell in his first attempt to recover the Kingdom Now that after the Defeat at Rathmines and that great Loss at Drogheda for so it was so powerful and so prevailing an Army as Cromwell's marched without interruption from us that had not above 700 Horse and 1500 Foot and of those some not to be trusted others newly raised and all discouraged from Dublin to Rosse is not much to be wondered at for all the Men we could make were not sufficient to man Wexford which being taken as we have before said there were lost in it others of our best Men to a considerable number That the Rebels might have been prevented in building over their Bridg at Rosse considering the Situation of the Place and the Power their Ordnance had from the Key to and upon the other side of the River we believe they are very ignorant or malicious that will affirm But if it had been a thing as easy as they would have it believed we were so far from being able to attempt any thing that we never all that time had either 24 hours Pay or Provision before hand to keep the Men we had together where they were upon no Duty much less to bring them near an Eneâ—â—â—â— where they must be held to hard Duty close together It should 〈◊〉 also be considered that during Cromwell's March from Dublin to Wexford and those Parts began the Revolt of the Towns and Army in Munster which occasioned very much of Jealousy Distraction and other Interruptions and gave the Rebels leisure to prosecute their Victories When they marched over their Bridg at Rosse towards Carrick it was believed they meant to march to Kilkenny and if we had not been diverted by a false Alarum which coming as it did we had cause to credit of their being gone as far as Bennet's Bridg towards Kilkenny whilst we lay at Thomas-Town and thereby drawn thither for the Defence of that City we had as our purpose was engaged them to fight before their getting to Carrick In what miserable Condition our Army was when we came to Carrick which we were forced to leave meerly for want of Provision to keep it and so much Money as to make necessary Materials to gain that Place is so generally known that it must argue the Contrivers of this Article guilty of a strange degree of Malice to object to us as an Omission that the Rebels Army whilst it lay before Waterford was not attempted or once faced by us And sure we are it is as openly known that in Person we twice
signing this Declaration were actually there consenting to the Peace and all the Congregation either at or after the conclusion of the Peace subscribed to it So that by the general Consent of the Congregation first or last Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon Donogh Lord Viscount Muskery c. were to look to the performance of the Articles of Peace and thereby had greater pretence to be proper Judges of the Violation of the said Articles than this Congregation Yet without consulting them they publish this Declaration and fulminate their Excommunication against any that should adhere to Us among other things for pretended Violation of the Peace and would not by the said Commissioners be perswaded to retract it Where they say We neither did nor could demonstrate unto them any way of preserving the Remainder of the Kingdom under Our Government it was a Question never asked of Us either by the Bishop of Dromore and Dr. Charles Kelly who brought Us the Message or by the Bishops of Cork and Clonfert that were sent to Us for Our Answer or indeed by any other If such a Question had been moved to Us We should doubtless have answered That the most probable way of preserving the Remainder of the Kingdom was by the chearful Submission of the Cities Towns and People to the rightful Authority placed over them And if the Congregation or as many of them as are now there should be put to shew a more probable way or to quit the Kingdom it is possible it might be fit for them to think of their Voyage as it might in such case be reasonably hoped the Kingdom might be preserved Thus have We gone through and answered all that we could ever see or hear objected against us by the Congregation and acquainted you by what Steps they have proceeded to their Declaration and Excommunication wherein we have recited their own Words and related their own Actions so truly that they cannot if they would deny any part of what we have set down as theirs and therein also we have been the more particular because it is doubtful whether ever we shall have another Opportunity of vindicating our Self from false Aspersions cast upon our Person and Actions Appendix XLIX The Information of the Marquess of Antrim MY Lord of Antrim by Letters earnestly pressing to a Conference with us whose Names are underwritten being then at the Camp of Killahan in the County of Meath there was a Meeting with his Lordship assented unto and accordingly we this Day being the 9th of May 1650 met him at Miltown between Killahan and Killehan in the said County where and when amongst other Discourses and particularly concerning a Commission supposed to have been by the late King given to the Irish for their rising and acting as they have done in Ireland on the 23d Day of October 1641 and after he the said Lord of Antrim said that he knew nothing of any such Commission but that the late King before the said rising of the Irish in Ireland sent one Thomas Bourk Kinsman to the Earl of Clanrickard to the Lord of Ormond and to him the Lord of Antrim with a Message That it was the King's Pleasure and Command that those eight thousand Men raised by the Earl of Strafford in Ireland should be continued without disbanding and that they should be made up twenty Thousand and that they should be armed out of the Store of Dublin and imployed against the Parliament and particularly that the Castle of Dublin should be surprized and secured which the said Lord of Antrim's Discourse in Substance aforesaid was delivered at the Time and Place before mentioned in the Presence of us Signed John Reynolds Henry Clogher The 11th of May 1650 another Meeting was given by us undernamed to the Lord of Antrim at the aforesaid Place when and where amongst other Discourses and in pursuance of that formerly by his Lordship delivered of the King's Instructions concerning the rising of the Irish in Ireland the Lord of Antrim further added That the Letters of Credence by the late King to Thomas Bourke before mentioned were in Substance as followeth Thomas Bourk you are to repair to Ormond and Antrim in Ireland who are to give Credit to what you are to say to them from Us. C. R. Which Letter of Credit being by the said Bourk shewed to Ormond and to him the Lord of Antrim he the said Bourk declared the King's Pleasure concerning the said eight thousand Men and what is before particularly mentioned in his Lordship's Discourse on the 9th Instant which we the Subscribers have read the same in Substance being repeated to us by the Lord of Antrim The said Lord of Antrim further said in our Presence That after the Declaration to the Lord of Ormond and to him the Lord of Antrim made by the said Bourk of the King's Pleasure as aforesaid they the Lords of Ormond and Antrim endeavoured a Meeting with each other for ordering Affairs accordingly but there being as they supposed jealous Eyes over them they could not for a time compass it conveniently he said that in the Parliament then sitting at Dublin they would often take occasion to retire into the withdrawing Room belonging to the Lords House of Parliament in the Castle of Dublin but being followed by others they had not their Conveniency for Discourse which they desired That having appointed a Meeting at the Bowling-Ally in the Colledg-green in Dublin they would there sometimes exchange some Words but having at length gained a fit Opportunity for a Meeting after some Debates it was by them concluded That present Dispatch should be made and sent to the King of that resolved on for his Service Ormond asking Antrim Whom he would employ in that Business to the King he answered that he would send the Lord Macgnire And I said Ormond will send over my Lord of Muskery and a time being appointed for preparing the said Dispatches they then parted but after some Days Ormond again meeting with him the Lord of Antrim told him that Dublin was no convenient Place for their Business that therefore the Lord of Ormond would retire into the Country for preparing of the said Dispatches desiring him the Lord of Antrim to meet him at a time appointed at Kilka in the County of Kildare belonging to the late Countess-Dowager of Kildare whither Ormond said he would come on Pretence of a hawking Recreation and that there they might discourse of all things freely That the time of meeting drawing nigh and the Lord of Antrim prepared for it he was therein prevented by a Message from Ormond wherewithal Colonel John Barry was sent intimating that the Lord of Ormond having considered of the Business he conceived it convenient that one of them two should repair to the King immediately rather than so great an Affair should be trusted by any other That for himself he said that being a Stranger at Court his going thither could not be without Suspicion but that he the