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in_o flanders_n who_o go_v out_o in_o two_o daughter_n and_o coheir_n joan_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n though_o twice_o marry_v and_o margaret_n who_o be_v entrust_v to_o the_o care_n and_o tuition_n of_o buschart_n her_o guardian_n he_o by_o ill_a art_n and_o worse_a stratagem_n so_o seduce_v and_o charm_v her_o affection_n that_o she_o be_v make_v a_o prostitute_n to_o his_o lust_n and_o by_o those_o unlawful_a embrace_n have_v a_o natural_a son_n call_v john_n de_fw-fr avesne_n prior_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o l'isle_n who_o by_o the_o design_n of_o force_n and_o fraud_n by_o a_o unjust_a intrusion_n extort_a hainault_n from_o his_o two_o brother_n william_n and_o guy_n of_o dampierre_n both_o be_v son_n of_o william_n of_o bourbon_n lord_n of_o dampierre_n and_o this_o margaret_n &_o both_o the_o issue_n of_o lawful_a sheet_n and_o this_o john_n be_v thus_o swell_v with_o a_o increase_n of_o patrimony_n and_o make_v tall_a in_o title_n match_v with_o aleida_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o florence_n the_o four_o earl_n of_o holland_n and_o so_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o alliance_n be_v not_o only_a earl_n of_o hainault_n but_o of_o that_o territory_n also_o of_o who_o descendant_n and_o how_o both_o hainault_n and_o holland_n come_v to_o devolve_v to_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n i_o shall_v discover_v when_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o holland_n namur_n namur_n have_v on_o the_o east_n hainault_n on_o the_o west_n the_o bishopric_n of_o leigh_n on_o the_o north_n brabant_n and_o on_o the_o south_n luxenbourg_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o nervii_n it_o be_v first_o erect_v into_o a_o earldom_n by_o some_o of_o the_o descendant_n of_o the_o son_n of_o clodion_n second_o king_n of_o the_o french_a who_o be_v by_o a_o violent_a usurpation_n devest_v of_o their_o father_n diadem_n by_o meroveus_n master_n of_o his_o horse_n to_o who_o
be_v transmit_v to_o his_o grandchild_n leopold_n ignatius_n the_o instant_a emperor_n of_o germany_n stiria_n or_o stiermark_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o austria_n on_o the_o south_n with_o carinthia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o hungary_n on_o the_o west_n with_o carinthia_n likewise_o it_o be_v ancient_o possess_v by_o inhabitant_n who_o fall_v under_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o taurisci_n part_n of_o the_o norici_n from_o who_o it_o extract_v the_o appellation_n of_o stiermark_n the_o german_n call_v that_o a_o stier_n which_o the_o latin_n call_v tauriscus_n or_o a_o little_a bullock_n from_o which_o account_v it_o may_v be_v assert_v that_o stiermark_n be_v nothing_o ancient_o but_o the_o border_n or_o march_n of_o the_o taurisci_n be_v the_o utmost_a limit_n or_o extent_n of_o their_o possession_n it_o be_v annex_v to_o pannonia_n in_o the_o destribution_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n and_o have_v the_o name_n of_o valeria_n impose_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o trophy_n of_o honour_n impose_v upon_o it_o to_o improve_v the_o memory_n of_o valeria_n the_o daughter_n of_o dioclesian_n but_o when_o it_o be_v rend_v off_o from_o the_o roman_a empire_n it_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o stiermark_n which_o have_v a_o aspect_n upon_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n the_o taurisci_n it_o be_v first_o erect_v into_o a_o earldom_n in_o the_o person_n of_o one_o ottocarus_n who_o be_v dignify_v with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n by_o conrade_n the_o second_o and_o this_o title_n continue_v until_o leopold_n the_o four_o be_v create_v marquis_n of_o stiermark_n by_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o from_o he_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n transport_v this_o province_n to_o his_o son_n ottocarus_n the_o four_o who_o be_v adorn_v with_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o stiria_n by_o frederick_n barbarossa_n but_o he_o be_v without_o hope_n of_o issue_n and_o infect_v with_o the_o incurable_a disease_n of_o the_o leprosy_n convey_v his_o interest_n and_o concernment_n in_o this_o province_n to_o leopold_n the_o five_o duke_z of_o austria_z which_o he_o purchase_v with_o that_o vast_a heap_n of_o treasure_n he_o extort_a from_o richard_n the_o first_o for_o his_o ransom_n from_o that_o captivity_n he_o be_v detain_v in_o and_o have_v be_v wrap_v up_o ever_o since_o in_o the_o demean_v of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n but_o so_o that_o it_o have_v be_v consign_v as_o a_o portion_n to_o support_v the_o young_a son_n of_o that_o family_n as_o namely_o to_o leopold_n the_o nine_o of_o that_o name_n one_o of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o albert_n the_o short_a and_o after_o to_o ernest_n the_o young_a son_n of_o that_o leopold_n and_o last_o to_o charles_n the_o young_a son_n of_o ferdinand_n the_o first_o common_o call_v charles_n duke_n of_o gratz_n father_n to_o ferdinand_n the_o second_o who_o be_v successor_n to_o mathias_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o heir_n general_n likewise_o to_o that_o complicate_v interest_n he_o enjoy_v in_o austria_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o estate_n incorporate_v with_o it_o where_o it_o have_v ever_o since_o remain_v so_o unite_v that_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a for_o the_o future_a that_o it_o will_v so_o unpolitique_o be_v dismember_v from_o it_o carinthia_n and_o carniola_n be_v two_o other_o province_n which_o enforce_v the_o grandeur_n and_o swell_v the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o austrian_a family_n the_o first_o call_v karnten_a in_o dutch_a be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o stiermark_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o bishopric_n of_o saltzbourg_n on_o the_o north_n with_o austria_n on_o the_o south_n with_o carniola_n carniola_n style_v krain_n in_o dutch_a be_v surround_v with_o sclavonia_n on_o the_o east_n friuli_n on_o the_o west_n carinthia_n on_o the_o north_n and_o istria_n on_o the_o south_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o karnten_a and_o krain_n be_v the_o carni_n from_o they_o not_o only_o the_o adjoin_a alps_n have_v the_o name_n of_o carnicae_n but_o these_o two_o county_n have_v those_o name_n impose_v upon_o they_o by_o which_o they_o now_o be_v know_v both_o province_n be_v unite_v long_o since_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o karnten_n the_o first_o of_o who_o the_o testimony_n of_o authentic_a record_n do_v exhibit_v to_o public_a view_n be_v henry_n son_n to_o berthold_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o bavaria_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o three_o who_o invest_v he_o with_o the_o title_n and_o plant_v he_o in_o the_o estate_n which_o be_v both_o dispose_v off_o in_o succeed_a time_n at_o will_n of_o the_o emperor_n as_o their_o interest_n guide_v they_o nor_o be_v the_o title_n fix_v in_o any_o house_n until_o it_o devolve_v to_o henry_n son_n of_o englebert_n precedent_n of_o istria_n in_o which_o family_n it_o remain_v under_o this_o henry_n his_o brother_n englebert_n ulric_n the_o first_o henry_n the_o second_o herman_n and_o ulric_n the_o second_o the_o last_o who_o be_v entitle_v to_o these_o province_n who_o by_o match_v with_o agnes_n sister_n and_o heir_n of_o otho_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o meranis_fw-la link_v that_o estate_n to_o his_o former_a patrimony_n but_o be_v ancient_a and_o issueless_a he_o convey_v his_o interest_n here_o to_o ottocarus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o duke_n of_o austria_n by_o who_o these_o country_n be_v surrender_v to_o rodolphus_n of_o habsperg_n as_o a_o oblation_n to_o that_o peace_n which_o be_v solemn_o stipulate_v between_o they_o and_o though_o rodolphus_n give_v carinthia_n to_o mainard_n earl_n of_o tiroll_n in_o right_a of_o who_o daughter_n albert_n the_o son_n of_o rodolphus_n be_v enstate_v in_o austria_n yet_o upon_o the_o expiration_n of_o henry_n the_o son_n of_o mainard_n without_o issue_n male_a it_o devolve_v according_a to_o a_o precontract_n unto_o albert_n the_o short_a elder_a son_n of_o albert_n and_o grandchild_n of_o rodolphus_n contain_v ever_o since_o annex_v to_o that_o family_n though_o not_o always_o resident_a in_o the_o chief_a house_n of_o austria_n in_o this_o province_n of_o carniola_n be_v the_o town_n and_o little_a territory_n of_o goritâ—_n ancient_o style_v noreia_n and_o be_v in_o elder_a time_n of_o that_o repute_n that_o the_o proprietary_n of_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o earl_n he_o that_o have_v the_o dignity_n of_o count_n of_o goritz_n be_v albert_n second_o son_n to_o mainard_n earl_n of_o tiroll_n who_o deve_v himself_o of_o the_o propriety_n of_o it_o to_o fix_v the_o title_n on_o he_o and_o in_o the_o descendant_n line_n of_o this_o albert_n it_o continue_v until_o the_o year_n 1500._o and_o then_o leonard_n the_o last_o earl_n thereof_o die_v without_o issue_n it_o be_v seize_v on_o by_o maximilian_n the_o emperor_n as_o his_o next_o visible_a heir_n who_o successor_n both_o in_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o empire_n also_o inter-weave_a the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o goritz_n in_o their_o usual_a style_n tiroll_fw-fr tiroll_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o friuli_n and_o marca_n trivigiana_n on_o the_o west_n with_o grison_n and_o some_o part_n of_o switzerland_n on_o the_o north_n with_o bavaria_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o lombardy_n the_o earl_n be_v at_o first_o but_o provincial_a officer_n but_o when_o this_o naked_a and_o empty_a title_n vanish_v and_o grow_v hereditary_a no_o beam_n either_o from_o private_a or_o public_a record_n do_v contribute_v any_o light_n to_o a_o discovery_n the_o first_o who_o any_o certain_a evidence_n do_v represent_v to_o we_o be_v mainard_n who_o die_v earl_n of_o tiroll_n about_o the_o year_n 1258._o and_o from_o he_o do_v this_o earldom_n devolve_v to_o his_o grandchild_n henry_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n male_a his_o daughter_n margaret_n by_o the_o consent_n and_o suffrage_n of_o her_o subject_n convey_v her_o propriety_n in_o this_o earldom_n to_o the_o son_n of_o albert_n the_o short_a which_o have_v be_v link_v ever_o since_o to_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o austrian_a family_n ferdinand_n the_o first_o give_v it_o in_o appennage_n to_o his_o second_o son_n ferdinand_n surname_v of_o inspruch_n who_o have_v disgu_v his_o ally_n by_o match_v with_o philippina_n a_o burger_n daughter_n of_o ausburg_n he_o to_o becalm_v their_o passion_n which_o boil_a with_o regret_n and_o animosity_n against_o this_o cheap_a alliance_n enter_v into_o covenant_n with_o they_o that_o her_o issue_n shall_v not_o be_v entitle_v to_o the_o inheritance_n of_o tiroll_n in_o order_n to_o which_o stipulation_n after_o his_o decease_n this_o earldom_n devolve_v to_o the_o house_n of_o gratz_n his_o elder_a son_n charles_n be_v adorn_v with_o the_o dignity_n of_o marquis_n of_o burgh_n and_o his_o second_o son_n andrew_n advance_v to_o be_v cardinal_n of_o brixia_n so_o that_o the_o propriety_n of_o this_o county_n have_v be_v ever_o since_o resident_a in_o the_o above_o recite_v family_n and_o at_o this_o
their_o descent_n and_o claim_n from_o the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o lewis_n de_fw-fr hutin_n k._n of_o france_n before_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n which_o lewis_n match_v with_o margaret_n elder_a daughter_n to_o robert_n the_o three_o above_o mention_v and_o mother_n to_o the_o heir_n general_n but_o to_o proceed_v k._n john_n be_v thus_o invest_v in_o the_o possession_n settle_v it_o on_o his_o second_o son_n philip_n the_o hardy_a from_o who_o by_o the_o step_n of_o some_o descent_n it_o come_v down_o to_o charles_n the_o hardy_a who_o find_v a_o untimely_a sepulchre_n in_o the_o field_n of_o nancy_n leave_v the_o propriety_n of_o burgundy_n to_o be_v enjoy_v by_o mary_n his_o sole_a inheretrix_fw-la upon_o the_o decease_n of_o which_o charles_n lewis_n the_o eleven_o king_n of_o france_n seize_v upon_o the_o duchy_n of_o burgundy_n as_o a_o appendage_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n pretend_v it_o be_v by_o the_o fundamental_a custom_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o return_v to_o that_o sceptre_n in_o case_n there_o be_v a_o defailance_n of_o issue_n male_n but_o the_o french_a county_n be_v a_o imperial_a isle_n be_v permit_v to_o remain_v unite_v to_o the_o patrimony_n of_o his_o daughter_n mary_n abovesaid_a in_o who_o right_a maximilian_n the_o emperor_n her_o husband_n be_v invest_v in_o the_o fee_n and_o from_o he_o be_v the_o seignory_n and_o demean_v of_o this_o province_n by_o the_o transmission_n of_o successive_a descent_n guide_v down_o to_o own_o the_o sceptre_n and_o dominion_n of_o philip_n the_o four_o the_o instant_a king_n of_o spain_n flanders_n and_o artois_n these_o two_o though_o since_o since_o separate_v be_v original_o knit_v together_o in_o the_o interest_n of_o one_o estate_n yet_o after_o the_o interval_n of_o five_o or_o six_o descent_n be_v again_o twist_v together_o and_o remain_v thus_o incorporate_v ever_o since_o flanders_n be_v bind_v in_o on_o the_o east_n with_o haiâ—alt_n and_o brabant_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o german_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o sea_n of_o zealand_n and_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o scheld_v and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o picardy_n and_o gravel_v interpose_v betwixt_o calais_n and_o gravel_v antiquity_n have_v extract_v its_o name_n from_o several_a conjecture_n as_o first_o from_o flando_fw-la because_o it_o lie_v upon_o the_o wind_n other_o again_o assert_v that_o it_o be_v impose_v upon_o it_o from_o flandbert_n the_o son_n of_o blesinda_n daughter_n of_o clâ—dion_n the_o second_o king_n of_o france_n some_o fetch_v it_o from_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_v situate_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o now_o ardenbourg_n stand_v so_o long_o since_o languish_v and_o shrink_v into_o ruin_n that_o the_o least_o symptom_n or_o representation_n be_v want_v to_o inform_v we_o that_o there_o be_v once_o such_o a_o place_n in_o be_v that_o we_o now_o with_o difficulty_n trace_v out_o its_o rubbish_n amid_o its_o ruin_n therefore_o the_o conjecture_n of_o more_o rational_a head_n extract_v the_o appellation_n from_o flandrina_n the_o wife_n of_o lideric_n the_o second_o the_o first_o who_o manage_v the_o government_n of_o these_o part_n as_o forester_n it_o be_v in_o elder_a time_n resolve_v into_o three_o division_n that_o be_v flandria_n imperialis_fw-la call_v so_o because_o it_o be_v long_o in_o its_o obedience_n subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n flandria_n gallica_n so_o style_v from_o the_o french_a dialect_n there_o speak_v and_o flandria_n teutonica_n because_o within_o its_o precinct_n the_o dutch_a language_n be_v proper_o use_v artois_n be_v limit_v on_o the_o east_n with_o flanders_n gallicant_n and_o the_o county_n of_o cambray_n on_o the_o south_n and_o west_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o picardy_n on_o the_o north_n with_o flanders_n flammegant_a and_o the_o river_n of_o lis._n the_o name_n be_v extract_v from_o the_o atrebates_n the_o old_a inhabitant_n thereof_o the_o air_n be_v temperate_a and_o the_o soil_n so_o pregnant_a and_o fertile_a that_o it_o may_v very_o well_o have_v the_o denomination_n of_o the_o granary_n of_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n these_o country_n of_o flanders_n and_o artois_n be_v ancient_o if_o not_o a_o part_n yet_o much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o condition_n with_o the_o great_a forest_n of_o ardenne_n nothing_o but_o the_o solitude_n of_o continual_a wood_n and_o depart_v make_v the_o aspect_n of_o it_o rude_a and_o desolate_a the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o first_o be_v the_o nervii_n and_o morini_n who_o be_v supplant_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o these_o again_o by_o the_o french_a who_o have_v establish_v the_o great_a earldom_n of_o ardenne_n make_v these_o province_n in_o part_n subject_n to_o the_o dominion_n and_o power_n of_o its_o governor_n while_o that_o track_n of_o earth_n which_o confine_v on_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o expose_v to_o rapine_n piracy_n and_o depredation_n of_o the_o dane_n that_o it_o be_v neglect_v uncultivated_a and_o almost_o unpeople_v the_o inland_n country_n something_o contribute_v to_o the_o general_a calamity_n by_o be_v mean_o plant_v from_o a_o deficiency_n of_o those_o necessary_n which_o shall_v support_v the_o life_n of_o man._n but_o when_o brunulph_n earl_n of_o ardenne_n be_v secure_v by_o dagobert_n king_n of_o france_n this_o wild_a and_o disorder_a country_n extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n of_o some_o and_o enwrap_v beside_o artois_n and_o flanders_n a_o considerable_a part_n of_o piâ—ardy_n about_o the_o year_n 621._o be_v give_v to_o lideriâ—_n le_fw-fr beuque_fw-fr with_o the_o title_n of_o forester_n to_o be_v hold_v under_o homage_n to_o that_o crown_n in_o who_o posterity_n this_o title_n sojourn_v until_o the_o time_n of_o baldwin_n the_o first_o the_o son_n of_o odoacer_n the_o seven_o of_o the_o forester_n who_o name_n be_v record_v in_o the_o register_n of_o flanders_n there_o be_v a_o gap_n or_o parenthesis_n which_o ravel_v their_o memory_n during_o the_o ravage_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o norman_n this_o baldwin_n have_v by_o a_o violent_a onset_n ravish_v away_o and_o after_o wed_v judith_n sister_n to_o charles_n the_o bald_a king_n of_o france_n and_o emperor_n be_v by_o he_o create_v earl_n of_o flanders_n about_o the_o year_n 864._o the_o sovereignty_n reserve_v as_o before_o it_o be_v in_o who_o issue_n the_o interest_n of_o these_o province_n remain_v combine_v and_o entire_a until_o philip_n the_o first_o surname_v of_o elsas_n son_n of_o theodorick_n the_o first_o surname_v likewise_o of_o elsas_n to_o which_o theodorick_n the_o seignory_n both_o of_o flanders_n and_o artois_n accrue_v as_o be_v heir_n general_n of_o heltrude_n daughter_n and_o heir_n general_n likewise_o of_o robert_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o artois_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o her_o brother_n robert_n the_o second_o charles_n son_n of_o canutus_n king_n of_o denmark_n who_o have_v match_v with_o her_o sister_n adeliza_n and_o of_o william_n grandchild_n of_o william_n the_o bastard_n duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o have_v espouse_v mawde_z daughter_n of_o baldwin_n the_o five_o earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o artois_n give_v unto_o philip_n augustus_n king_n of_o france_n the_o province_n of_o artois_n with_o the_o earldom_n of_o veramandois_n with_o isabel_n his_o niece_n daughter_n of_o baldwin_n the_o eight_o earl_n of_o hainault_n which_o baldwin_n have_v wed_v margaret_n daughter_n of_o theodorick_n abovementioned_a and_o sister_n and_o heir_n of_o this_o philip._n by_o lewis_n the_o eight_o son_n and_o successor_n to_o this_o king_n philip_n artois_n be_v give_v as_o a_o portion_n to_o swell_v the_o patrimony_n of_o his_o young_a son_n robert_n who_o be_v adorn_v with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o artois_n by_o king_n lewis_n the_o nine_o anno_fw-la 1234._o this_o robert_n have_v issue_n robert_n the_o second_o in_o who_o the_o male_a line_n fail_v so_o that_o mawde_z his_o sole_a daughter_n be_v match_v to_o othelin_n earl_n of_o burgundy_n he_o in_o her_o right_n become_v earl_n of_o artois_n but_o in_o he_o the_o title_n be_v as_o volatile_a and_o unfixed_a as_o in_o the_o former_a for_o he_o decease_a without_o issue_n male_a and_o so_o joan_n his_o daughter_n and_o heir_n by_o espouse_v philip_n the_o long_a king_n of_o france_n unite_z this_o earldom_n to_o his_o sceptre_n and_o the_o estate_n to_o his_o patrimony_n and_o give_v it_o in_o marriage_n with_o the_o county_n of_o burgundy_n with_o joan_z his_o elder_a daughter_n to_o eude_v duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o from_o he_o the_o right_a of_o descent_n waft_v it_o along_o to_o his_o grandchild_n philip_n the_o three_o who_o expire_a without_o issue_n margaret_n second_o daughter_n of_o king_n philip_n the_o long_o above_o mention_v who_o be_v match_v to_o lewis_n earl_n of_o flanders_n enter_v upon_o this_o earldom_n as_o his_o heir_n general_n and_o transmit_v it_o and_o both_o the_o burgundy_n to_o his_o son_n lewis_n de_fw-fr
duke_n of_o lorraine_n the_o indisputable_a heir_n of_o the_o house_n of_o ardenne_n be_v engage_v to_o a_o necessary_a absence_n by_o the_o holy_a war._n but_o when_o and_o by_o who_o it_o be_v aâ—orned_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o earldom_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o of_o a_o earldom_n it_o be_v erect_v to_o a_o dukedom_n by_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n barbarossa_n anno_fw-la 1172._o henry_n one_o of_o the_o duke_n hereof_o match_v his_o daughter_n margaret_n to_o godfrey_n the_o three_o duke_n of_o brabant_n which_o suggest_v to_o his_o successor_n some_o specious_a colour_n to_o pretend_v unto_o it_o support_v with_o a_o title_n of_o more_o authority_n which_o come_v in_o to_o reinforce_v the_o former_a on_o the_o decease_n of_o another_o henry_n the_o last_o duke_n of_o limbourg_n who_o next_o heir_n adolph_n convey_v it_o to_o john_n duke_n who_o fortify_v his_o claim_n and_o title_n to_o it_o by_o a_o colourable_a pretence_n and_o right_o derive_v from_o the_o former_a match_n anno_fw-la 1293._o but_o reynald_n earl_n of_o gelder_n be_v blow_v up_o with_o a_o overween_a conceit_n that_o his_o title_n be_v establish_v and_o erect_v on_o a_o better_a foundation_n than_o that_o of_o adolph_n in_o right_a of_o ermingrade_a his_o wife_n daughter_n to_o herman_n a_o late_a duke_n thereof_o cast_v in_o his_o challenge_n to_o this_o dukedom_n and_o attempt_v to_o evict_v the_o title_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n but_o this_o be_v ruinous_a and_o destructive_a to_o he_o for_o be_v subdue_v and_o make_v captive_a by_o the_o say_a duke_n john_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o worancan_n he_o be_v force_v to_o redeem_v his_o liberty_n by_o no_o less_o a_o price_n or_o ransom_n than_o his_o total_a release_n to_o all_o title_n or_o claim_n that_o he_o or_o his_o successor_n may_v pretend_v to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o limbourg_n after_o which_o it_o be_v so_o fold_v up_o in_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o brabant_n that_o it_o come_v over_o with_o it_o to_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n and_o from_o that_o again_o to_o own_o ever_o since_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n gelder_n zutphen_n and_o groan_v guelderland_n be_v shut_v in_o on_o the_o east_n with_o cleve_n and_o the_o earldom_n of_o zutphen_n on_o the_o west_n with_o holland_n and_o utrecht_n on_o the_o north_n with_o over_o issell_n and_o the_o zuyder-sea_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o brabant_n and_o the_o land_n of_o gulick_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o guelderland_n be_v the_o menapii_n and_o sicambri_n people_n very_o eminent_a in_o ancient_a record_n for_o their_o magnanimity_n and_o courage_n in_o age_n of_o a_o more_o modern_a inscription_n these_o sicambri_n mingle_v with_o the_o french_a and_o under_o that_o name_n and_o notion_n be_v entitle_v to_o the_o spread_a empire_n of_o the_o west_n in_o the_o partage_n thereof_o by_o the_o posterity_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a this_o province_n be_v knit_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o austrasia_n or_o east-france_n and_o afterward_o be_v break_v off_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o german_a empire_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o its_o government_n the_o public_a astâ—iâ—s_n be_v sway_v and_o wield_v by_o some_o who_o enjoy_v no_o other_o title_n but_o guardian_n and_o protector_n and_o be_v advance_v to_o that_o dignity_n by_o the_o people_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o charles_n the_o bald_a the_o first_o who_o be_v embellish_v with_o this_o title_n be_v wickard_n and_o leopold_n two_o brethren_n who_o fix_v their_o chief_a residence_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o gelder_n give_v a_o occasion_n to_o future_a age_n to_o impose_v the_o name_n of_o gueldâ—rland_n on_o the_o whole_a province_n but_o they_o and_o their_o successor_n be_v support_v by_o a_o power_n of_o so_o narrow_a a_o circumscription_n that_o in_o effect_v their_o office_n be_v but_o provincial_n they_o themselves_o be_v accountable_a to_o the_o emperor_n how_o they_o manage_v the_o public_a concernment_n of_o this_o province_n the_o first_o prince_n who_o disengage_v from_o the_o shackle_n of_o these_o restraint_n be_v otho_n of_o nassaw_n who_o match_v with_o aleida_n daughter_n to_o wickard_n the_o last_o guardian_n and_o be_v by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o three_o make_v the_o first_o earl_n of_o guelderland_n and_o under_o this_o style_n and_o title_n his_o successor_n continue_v until_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n of_o bavaria_n improve_v this_o dignity_n in_o the_o person_n of_o reynold_n the_o second_o to_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o duke_n about_o the_o year_n 1339._o and_o from_o he_o do_v it_o descend_v to_o his_o son_n edward_n the_o offspring_n of_o his_o second_o wife_n eleanor_n daughter_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n and_o he_o decease_a without_o issue_n mary_n his_o sister_n by_o match_v with_o williamâ—arl_n â—arl_z of_o gulick_n bring_v both_o the_o patrimony_n and_o ducal_z crown_n of_o this_o province_n to_o be_v possess_v bâ—_n he_o and_o his_o two_o son_n william_n and_o reynold_n the_o four_o successive_o enjoy_v it_o but_o they_o die_v without_o issue_n arnold_n of_o egmond_n son_n of_o john_n lord_n of_o egmond_n and_o mary_n his_o wife_n daughter_n of_o joan_n the_o sister_n of_o william_n and_o raynold_n the_o two_o last_o duke_n as_o heir_n general_n possess_v himself_o of_o guelderland_n but_o in_o the_o declension_n of_o his_o age_n be_v worry_v by_o his_o unnatural_a son_n adolph_n with_o war_n and_o imprisonment_n he_o be_v in_o this_o agony_n support_v by_o charles_n the_o warlike_a duke_n of_o burgundy_n who_o rescue_v he_o from_o his_o son_n and_o release_v he_o â—rom_o his_o fetter_n and_o he_o to_o balance_n â—o_o signal_n a_o favour_n convey_v his_o interest_n in_o guelderland_n and_o zutphen_n to_o this_o duke_n which_o contract_n be_v after_o much_o contest_v and_o effusion_n of_o blood_n ratify_v to_o charles_n the_o five_o by_o his_o second_o son_n arnold_n and_o according_o the_o province_n of_o guelderland_n and_o zutphen_n be_v by_o a_o voluntary_a resignation_n surrender_v to_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o from_o he_o the_o title_n devolve_v to_o his_o son_n philâ—p_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o who_o it_o be_v lodge_v until_o the_o barbarous_a cruelty_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n engage_v most_o of_o the_o belgic_a province_n to_o a_o revolt_n or_o defection_n and_o the_o prudential_n conduct_v of_o maurice_n prince_n have_v much_o extend_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o confederate_a state_n most_o of_o this_o province_n be_v by_o his_o successful_a achievement_n annex_v to_o their_o unite_a patrimony_n zutphen_n zutphen_n be_v ancient_o a_o earldom_n of_o itself_o without_o any_o connexion_n or_o dependence_n on_o the_o fortune_n or_o seignory_n of_o guelderland_n and_o remain_v in_o this_o capacity_n until_o it_o devolve_v to_o be_v the_o patrimony_n of_o wickman_n the_o last_o earl_n who_o determine_v in_o sophia_n his_o sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n who_o by_o match_v with_o otho_n first_o earl_n of_o guelderland_n fasten_v it_o to_o that_o province_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v after_o this_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o command_n of_o the_o successive_a earl_n and_o duke_n and_o when_o arnold_n the_o last_o duke_n of_o guelderland_n convey_v all_o his_o interest_n to_o charles_n the_o five_o this_o be_v wrap_v up_o in_o the_o purchase_n and_o remain_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sceptre_n of_o spain_n until_o the_o defection_n of_o holland_n and_o other_o province_n from_o that_o crown_n and_o then_o about_o the_o year_n 1590._o it_o be_v by_o prince_n maurice_n and_o the_o army_n of_o the_o unite_a state_n by_o conquest_n tear_v from_o the_o spanish_a patrimony_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o remain_v link_v in_o confederacy_n with_o those_o combine_a province_n groin_v groin_v both_o city_n and_o province_n do_v in_o elder_a time_n confess_v no_o other_o seignory_n but_o of_o that_o of_o the_o bishop_n of_o utrecht_n but_o he_o either_o by_o want_n of_o power_n of_o inadvertency_n be_v remiss_a in_o assert_v their_o liberty_n against_o foreign_a eruption_n they_o submit_v to_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o guelderland_n but_o these_o prince_n be_v disturb_v in_o their_o new_a acquist_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n who_o by_o a_o pretend_a claim_n entitle_v themselves_o to_o the_o propriety_n of_o it_o during_o which_o disorder_n and_o emotion_n it_o be_v surprise_v by_o ezardus_n the_o earl_n of_o east-frizeland_a who_o about_o 1514._o convey_v his_o usurp_v interest_n here_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o gelder_n the_o just_a proprietary_n of_o it_o afterwad_v they_o resign_v themselves_o up_o with_o a_o reservation_n of_o their_o ancient_a liberty_n to_o charles_n the_o five_o which_o be_v menace_v to_o be_v overwhelm_v by_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o spâ—niard_n they_o combine_a 1594._o with_o holland_n in_o â—â—ion_n and_o remain_v yet_o wrap_v up_o in_o that_o confederacy_n holland_n zealand_n and_o
make_v between_o he_o and_o the_o say_v mauregate_v by_o which_o this_o usurper_n be_v engage_v to_o pay_v he_o as_o a_o annual_a cense_v or_o tribute_n fifty_o virgin_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a and_o noble_a estimate_n in_o this_o region_n but_o after_o his_o decease_n the_o crown_n of_o leon_n return_v to_o invest_v the_o temple_n of_o veramund_n son_n to_o froilla_n abovementioned_a and_o from_o he_o the_o clew_n of_o descent_n guide_v it_o down_o to_o his_o great_a grandchild_n alfonso_n the_o three_o who_o not_o only_o with_o contempt_n and_o scorn_n disdain_v to_o pay_v the_o ignominious_a tribute_n of_o virgin_n abovesaid_a but_o in_o so_o many_o signal_n contest_v and_o encounter_v retrench_v the_o power_n of_o the_o moor_n that_o he_o just_o merit_v the_o title_n of_o alfonso_n the_o great_a and_o he_o leave_v issue_n garcia_n who_o decease_a without_o child_n the_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n of_o leon_n devolve_v to_o his_o sâ—cond_o brother_n ordogno_fw-it who_o be_v king_n of_o gallicia_n and_o from_o he_o the_o inheritance_n by_o many_o generation_n flow_v down_o to_o his_o successor_n veramund_n the_o three_o who_o engage_v in_o a_o unsuccesseful_a war_n with_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o castille_n be_v by_o he_o in_o a_o prosperous_a conflict_n discomfit_v and_o slay_v upon_o who_o tragedy_n the_o sceptre_n of_o leon_n be_v seize_v on_o by_o this_o ferdinand_n as_o have_v match_v with_o sanctia_n sister_n and_o heir_n to_o veramund_n and_o he_o leave_v the_o crown_n of_o leon_n to_o alfonso_n his_o young_a son_n and_o that_o of_o castille_n to_o sanctius_n his_o elder_a which_o sanctius_n die_v without_o issue_n both_o sceptre_n devolve_v to_o be_v grasp_v by_o alfonso_n from_o who_o the_o efflux_n of_o descent_n cast_v they_o into_o the_o possession_n of_o his_o daughter_n â—rraca_fw-la queen_n of_o leon_n and_o castille_n and_o she_o have_v two_o husband_n raymond_n of_o burgundy_n and_o alfonso_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o arragâ—n_n and_o navarre_n by_o the_o raymond_n she_o have_v issue_n alfonso_n the_o eight_o who_o succeed_v in_o the_o realm_n of_o leon_n and_o castille_n and_o he_o have_v issue_n sancho_n the_o second_o on_o who_o he_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n and_o ferdinand_n the_o second_o on_o who_o he_o enstate_v the_o realm_n of_o leon_n and_o from_o he_o it_o go_v along_o to_o alfonso_n the_o nine_o of_o leon_n who_o more_o to_o twist_v the_o complicate_v interest_n of_o these_o two_o diadem_n espouse_v with_o berengaria_n sister_n of_o henry_n king_n of_o castille_n from_o which_o alliance_n descend_v ferdinand_n the_o three_o king_n of_o leon_n who_o by_o the_o art_n and_o design_n of_o his_o mother_n berengaria_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o castille_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o blanch_n her_o elder_a sister_n match_v to_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n and_o thus_o the_o crown_n become_v once_o more_o unite_a they_o be_v never_o since_o dissever_v though_o the_o title_n by_o the_o violent_a assault_n of_o sancho_n second_o son_n of_o alfonso_n the_o five_o be_v distort_v and_o plant_v in_o his_o family_n to_o the_o injury_n and_o apparent_a disherison_n of_o the_o child_n of_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n of_o which_o discomposure_n i_o shall_v discover_v more_o when_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o castille_n biscay_n and_o guipuscoa_n biscay_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o leon_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n and_o guienne_n on_o the_o north_n it_o confine_n on_o the_o cantabrian_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o navarre_n and_o old_a castille_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o province_n be_v the_o cantabri_n subdivide_v again_o into_o the_o several_a tribe_n of_o the_o marâ—ogi_n caristi_n antrigones_n varduli_n and_o the_o cantabri_n proper_o so_o call_v a_o people_n as_o eminent_a for_o their_o antiquity_n as_o they_o be_v for_o their_o valour_n and_o conduct_n which_o they_o exemplify_v in_o many_o solemn_a contest_v with_o those_o adversary_n of_o they_o that_o endeavour_v either_o to_o retrench_v or_o else_o absolute_o to_o subvert_v their_o liberty_n nor_o lose_v they_o any_o thing_n by_o their_o intermixture_n with_o the_o vascones_n who_o come_v out_o of_o navarre_n and_o settle_v among_o they_o but_o rather_o improve_v their_o courage_n by_o this_o union_n so_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o frequent_a impression_n and_o onset_n make_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o roman_n carthaginian_n goth_n and_o moor_n they_o remain_v as_o in_o their_o liberty_n not_o vanquish_v so_o in_o their_o language_n unaltered_a the_o reason_n of_o which_o eminent_a courage_n of_o they_o may_v be_v assign_v to_o be_v these_o first_o their_o habitation_n be_v among_o the_o craggy_a and_o inaccessible_a retreat_n of_o inexpugnable_a mountain_n those_o natural_a bulwark_n cast_v up_o at_o god_n own_o charge_n may_v make_v they_o more_o confident_a and_o dare_a and_o second_o the_o purity_n of_o their_o native_a air_n may_v so_o fan_v and_o winnow_v their_o spirit_n from_o those_o dregs_o and_o compact_a humour_n which_o thick_a fume_n and_o grosser_n exhalatious_a frequent_o amass_o together_o may_v possible_o render_v they_o more_o active_a and_o vigorous_a this_o have_v make_v they_o so_o impatient_a of_o servitude_n and_o not_o easy_o yield_v a_o tame_a compliance_n to_o any_o thing_n they_o resent_v with_o dislike_n and_o regret_n so_o that_o this_o scale_n of_o privilege_n still_o fortify_v their_o liberty_n first_o though_o they_o give_v obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n with_o their_o body_n they_o deny_v he_o the_o service_n of_o their_o purse_n be_v exempt_a from_o all_o tallage_n and_o imposition_n for_o when_o ever_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n approach_v their_o border_n he_o be_v accost_v in_o his_o progress_n by_o the_o noblesse_n of_o the_o country_n near_o the_o border_n and_o there_o they_o present_v he_o with_o some_o small_a piece_n of_o brass_n call_v maravedy_n treasure_v in_o a_o leathern_a bag_n appendant_a to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o lance_n which_o he_o be_v oblige_v not_o to_o take_v which_o refusal_n as_o they_o conceive_v of_o his_o do_v enwrap_v a_o tacit_fw-la symbol_n of_o a_o confirmation_n of_o their_o immunity_n from_o tax_n second_o at_o all_o their_o public_a assembly_n the_o woman_n first_o taste_n of_o the_o cup_n which_o custom_n have_v grow_v by_o tacit_n consent_v into_o use_n and_o have_v be_v make_v hoary_a and_o reverend_a by_o a_o prescription_n of_o many_o year_n ever_o since_o ogne_n countess_n of_o castille_n attempt_v to_o destroy_v the_o life_n of_o her_o son_n by_o a_o cup_n of_o wine_n fatal_o mingle_v with_o poison_n three_o they_o admit_v no_o bishop_n which_o averseness_n to_o that_o order_n peradventure_o have_v its_o rise_n and_o growth_n from_o some_o antecedent_n pressure_n impose_v upon_o they_o by_o that_o order_n as_o our_o modern_a sectary_n from_o some_o personal_a defect_n they_o behold_v in_o the_o english_a protestant_a bishop_n do_v arrive_v at_o that_o height_n of_o animosity_n as_o to_o abrogate_v their_o function_n as_o if_o this_o be_v a_o equitable_a piece_n of_o logic_n because_o there_o be_v a_o error_n in_o the_o seed_n therefore_o consequent_o there_o must_v be_v one_o in_o the_o soil_n not_o consider_v that_o these_o biscainer_n by_o the_o want_n of_o bishop_n and_o episcopal_a visitation_n have_v fall_v into_o that_o ignorance_n rudeness_n and_o excess_n which_o like_o a_o cimmerian_a mist_n dwell_v yet_o about_o they_o four_o they_o allow_v or_o give_v licence_n to_o no_o priest_n to_o officiate_v among_o they_o unless_o he_o bring_v his_o concubine_n with_o he_o to_o appease_v his_o desire_n affirm_v it_o impossible_a to_o preserve_v their_o wife_n chaste_a and_o unmixed_a from_o the_o embrace_n of_o the_o incumbent_n if_o he_o have_v not_o a_o woman_n with_o may_v allay_v the_o wild_a flame_n of_o concupiscence_n but_o to_o proceed_v though_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v so_o martial_a and_o vigorous_a yet_o the_o frequent_a assault_n of_o the_o roman_n so_o waste_v their_o strength_n that_o though_o they_o be_v not_o whole_o subdue_v yet_o they_o be_v force_v to_o resign_v themselves_o with_o some_o salvo_n or_o provision_n which_o have_v a_o reflection_n on_o their_o liberty_n to_o the_o command_n of_o augustus_n under_o the_o roman_n they_o continue_v until_o that_o empire_n shrink_v into_o its_o own_o ruin_n and_o then_o not_o bring_v under_o servitude_n by_o the_o goth_n but_o surrender_v to_o they_o with_o the_o residue_n of_o biscay_n and_o this_o indeed_o may_v be_v add_v to_o their_o glory_n that_o they_o be_v the_o last_o province_n of_o spain_n which_o offer_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o successful_a fury_n of_o the_o moor_n except_v the_o asturias_n never_o part_v of_o their_o triumph_n and_o the_o first_o which_o disengage_v their_o neck_n of_o that_o yoke_n of_o conquest_n the_o moor_n have_v load_v they_o with_o
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that_o distribution_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v style_v hispania_n tarraconensis_n but_o when_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n begin_v to_o suffer_v her_o eclipse_n and_o umbrage_n and_o wand_n into_o a_o visible_a declension_n this_o be_v rend_v from_o that_o great_a body_n by_o the_o alani_n who_o not_o long_o after_o be_v subdue_v and_o disseise_v by_o the_o goth_n but_o when_o a_o general_a ruin_n be_v super-induced_a on_o spain_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o moor_n this_o sink_v in_o that_o general_a shipwreck_n and_o be_v force_v to_o stoop_v to_o receive_v a_o yoke_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o infidelity_n from_o they_o after_o many_o signal_n struggle_n it_o be_v rescue_v by_o the_o magnanimity_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a who_o have_v reduce_v the_o city_n of_o barcelona_n about_o the_o year_n 801._o settle_v it_o on_o one_o bernard_n a_o frenchman_n with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n and_o he_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o this_o province_n for_o that_o emperor_n as_o gothofredus_n his_o successor_n do_v for_o lewis_n the_o godly_a but_o gothofredus_n son_n to_o this_o godfred_n have_v act_v some_o exemplary_a service_n which_o oblige_v charles_n the_o grâ—â—_n to_o some_o grateful_a acknowledgement_n he_o to_o expiate_v this_o engagement_n make_v he_o proprietary_n of_o it_o with_o this_o limitation_n reserve_v that_o the_o year_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n as_o be_v accustom_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o his_o predecessor_n shall_v be_v inscribe_v and_o use_v in_o all_o record_n and_o instrument_n of_o public_a cognisance_n and_o from_o he_o it_o be_v transport_v to_o his_o grandchild_n gothofr_v the_o second_o who_o die_v without_o issue_n his_o uncle_n borellus_n enter_v upon_o the_o possession_n of_o this_o earldom_n and_o in_o his_o line_n be_v it_o so_o successive_o fix_v until_o by_o a_o even_a clew_n it_o descend_v to_o raymond_n the_o five_o who_o by_o match_v with_o petronilla_n daughter_n of_o raymir_n the_o second_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o that_o alliance_n invest_v with_o the_o diadem_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o knit_v by_o a_o future_a combination_n this_o earldom_n to_o the_o patrimony_n of_o that_o sceptre_n who_o successor_n be_v james_n the_o first_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o lord_n of_o catalonia_n for_o so_o the_o record_n of_o spain_n seem_v to_o insinuate_v his_o style_n be_v use_v in_o coin_n and_o other_o inscription_n to_o who_o st._n lewis_n king_n of_o france_n by_o resignation_n and_o surrender_v release_v that_o vassalage_n and_o acknowledgement_n which_o be_v due_a from_o his_o predecessor_n to_o the_o diadem_n of_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1260._o and_o this_o king_n james_n to_o balance_n and_o poise_v the_o merit_n of_o so_o great_a a_o obligation_n by_o a_o proportionate_a compensation_n at_o the_o same_o time_n devest_v himself_o by_o a_o general_a release_n of_o all_o his_o right_n and_o title_n to_o carcassan_n bâ—ziers_n nismes_n and_o some_o other_o considerable_a piece_n in_o france_n in_o timâ—â—_n of_o elâ—er_a inscription_n relate_v as_o appendage_n to_o the_o revenue_n of_o that_o crown_n thus_o have_v i_o represent_v in_o landscape_n how_o catalonia_n become_v twist_v into_o the_o demean_v and_o royalty_n of_o arragon_n where_o it_o constant_o repose_v itself_o until_o the_o year_n 1638._o and_o then_o that_o defection_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o catalan_n as_o be_v pretend_v by_o the_o spaniard_n though_o those_o pretence_n be_v improve_v inflame_v and_o aggravate_v by_o the_o art_n and_o cloudy_a stratagem_n of_o cardinal_n richelieu_n have_v tear_v it_o off_o from_o that_o sceptre_n it_o be_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n model_v and_o fashion_v into_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n but_o with_o a_o reservation_n that_o it_o shall_v still_o be_v under_o the_o patronage_n and_o shelter_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o in_o this_o capacity_n it_o remain_v until_o the_o sucbesseful_a sword_n of_o don_n john_n of_o austria_n the_o marquis_n of_o cerra_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o mortara_n so_o vigorous_o assert_v the_o interest_n of_o spain_n that_o they_o wring_v all_o catalonia_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a and_o although_o this_o nation_n by_o the_o concurrent_a aid_n of_o the_o catalan_n do_v retrieve_v puycerda_n castiglione_n and_o some_o other_o piece_n from_o the_o spaniard_n yet_o the_o more_o principal_a part_n of_o catalonia_n doeâ—â—et_v after_o all_o these_o vast_a concussion_n acknowledge_v no_o other_o sceptre_n but_o that_o which_o be_v sway_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o philip_n the_o four_o king_n of_o spain_n arragon_n arragon_n be_v fetter_v in_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o land_n of_o roussillon_n and_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n on_o the_o west_n the_o two_o castiles_a on_o the_o north_n navarre_n on_o the_o south_n and_o southeast_n catalonia_n and_o some_o part_n of_o vanlentia_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v the_o celtiberi_n who_o spread_v themselves_o over_o a_o very_a considerable_a part_n of_o spain_n style_v hispania_n tarraconensis_n but_o original_o have_v their_o rise_n and_o extraction_n from_o the_o celtae_n a_o ancient_a people_n of_o france_n who_o be_v clog_v and_o surcharge_v with_o superfluity_n of_o people_n advance_v over_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n and_o mingle_v with_o the_o iberi_n the_o old_a possessor_n of_o arragon_n yet_o there_o be_v other_o inhabitant_n of_o less_o importance_n as_o namely_o the_o jaccetani_n the_o lacetani_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o editani_fw-la and_o ilergetes_n or_o ilurcones_n that_o have_v their_o concernment_n in_o this_o province_n and_o thrive_v under_o the_o protection_n and_o shadow_n of_o the_o noble_a colony_n and_o in_o this_o posture_n it_o remain_v until_o the_o carthaginian_n endeavour_v to_o enlarge_v their_o territory_n make_v it_o bow_v to_o their_o government_n but_o here_o it_o have_v not_o long_o be_v resident_a when_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_n grow_v paramount_n to_o they_o it_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o more_o predominant_a strength_n of_o that_o empire_n and_o to_o their_o interest_n it_o be_v subservient_fw-fr until_o it_o be_v ravish_v away_o by_o the_o prevail_a arm_n of_o the_o goth_n who_o acquist_n here_o attend_v the_o fate_n of_o spain_n and_o be_v surrender_v to_o the_o moor_n in_o that_o public_a calamity_n which_o be_v complicate_v with_o their_o conquest_n but_o about_o that_o time_n when_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n and_o navarre_n be_v establish_v one_o aznarius_n a_o person_n of_o a_o unbroken_a courage_n disdain_v any_o long_a to_o lie_v pant_v under_o that_o load_n of_o slavery_n which_o the_o moor_n have_v cast_v upon_o he_o disengage_v himself_o of_o the_o pressure_n and_o by_o many_o generous_a conflict_n with_o the_o moor_n wherein_o he_o exhibit_v many_o symptom_n of_o a_o inexpugnable_a courage_n he_o invest_v himself_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o some_o land_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o arragon_n but_o because_o he_o find_v his_o power_n be_v too_o infirm_a and_o crazy_a to_o support_v his_o new_a acquist_n without_o some_o collateral_a supply_n he_o put_v himself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n about_o the_o year_n 775._o and_o that_o monarch_n both_o to_o excite_v and_o cherish_v so_o worthy_a a_o virtue_n with_o some_o exemplary_a guerdon_n dignify_v he_o with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o arragon_n and_o from_o he_o it_o devolve_v by_o descent_n to_o his_o lineal_a successor_n fortunio_n ximines_n in_o who_o the_o male_a line_n determine_v so_o that_o fortunio_n the_o second_o king_n of_o navarre_n in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n urraca_n who_o be_v his_o sister_n and_o heir_n be_v entitle_v to_o arragon_n support_v by_o this_o alliance_n annex_v this_o province_n to_o navarre_n and_o from_o he_o the_o clew_n of_o descent_n transmit_v it_o to_o sancho_n the_o great_a
conqueror_n so_o disgust_v his_o ally_n and_o relation_n that_o to_o decline_v the_o tempest_n which_o menace_v he_o he_o retire_v into_o this_o kingdom_n for_o shelter_n and_o after_o many_o conflict_n commence_v with_o the_o saracen_n by_o a_o fortunate_a managery_n of_o the_o christian_a quarrel_n he_o contract_v their_o power_n into_o narrow_a limit_n but_o be_v supply_v with_o new_a recruit_n the_o sarazen_n not_o only_o reinforce_v their_o animosity_n but_o hope_n also_o until_o tancred_n and_o his_o twelve_o son_n arrive_v out_o of_o normandy_n with_o fresh_a supply_n after_o many_o signal_n encounter_v whole_o supplant_v the_o interest_n that_o these_o infidel_n have_v in_o naples_n but_o though_o these_o invader_n be_v thus_o dissipate_v yet_o the_o greek_n remain_v dissatisfied_n and_o give_v new_a occasion_n of_o war_n and_o trouble_v to_o these_o norman_a conqueror_n under_o the_o command_n of_o melorco_n vicegerent_n of_o this_o province_n under_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n but_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o norman_n be_v so_o well_o sway_v and_o order_v by_o the_o care_n and_o prudence_n of_o william_n son_n to_o tancred_n above_o mention_v that_o this_o new_a emotion_n be_v extinguish_v by_o the_o defeat_n of_o melorco_n and_o the_o troop_n marshal_v under_o his_o conduct_n but_o this_o discomfiture_n do_v not_o so_o total_o dispel_v the_o tempest_n but_o that_o there_o be_v new_a cloud_n collect_v together_o to_o disorder_v and_o eclipse_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n which_o in_o fine_a be_v so_o whole_o dissipate_v by_o the_o active_a courage_n of_o robert_n guiscard_v another_o of_o the_o son_n of_o tancred_n that_o the_o greek_n be_v absolute_o crush_v and_o subdue_v &_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o saracen_n extirpate_v &_o throw_v out_o he_o just_o merit_v in_o the_o annal_n of_o succeed_a time_n the_o title_n of_o the_o conqueror_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o he_o bequeath_v this_o province_n with_o all_o its_o perquisit_n 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