Huttons-Lane Morris-Lane Jones's-Lane wherein are very good Buildings Shorters-Alley Yowers-Lane Wallers-Alley Turners-Lane Sikes-Alley and Flowers-Alley All these Alleys and Lanes extend from the Front Street to the Second-Street There is another Alley in the Second Street called Carters-Alley There are also besides these Alleys and Lanes several fine Squares and Courts within this Magnificent City for so I may justly call it As for the particular Names of the several Streets contained therein the Principal are as follows viz. Walnut-Street Vine-Street Mulberry-Street Chesnut-Street Sassafras-Street taking their Names from the abundance of those Trees that formerly grew there High-Street Broad-Street Delaware-Street Front-Street with several of less Note too tedious to insert here It hath in it Three Fairs every Year and Two Markets every Week They kill above Twenty Fat Bullocks every Week in the hottest time in Summer for their present spending in that City besides many Sheep Calves and Hogs This City is Situated between Schoolkill-River and the great River Delaware which derives its Name from Captain Delaware who came there pretty early Ships of Two or Three Hundred Tuns may come up to this City by either of these two Rivers Moreover in this Province are Four Great market-Market-Towns viz. Chester the German Town New-Castle and lewis-Lewis-Town which are mightily Enlarged in this latter Improvement Between these Towns the Water-Men constantly Ply their Wherries likewise all those Towns have Fairs kept in them besides there are several Country Villages viz. Dublin Harford Merioneth and Radnor in Cumbry all which Towns Villages and Rivers took their Names from the several Countries whence the present Inhabitants came The Air here is very delicate pleasant and wholesom the Heavens serene rarely overcast bearing mighty resemblance to the better part of France after Rain they have commonly a very clear Sky the Climate is something Colder in the depth of Winter and Hotter in the height of Summer the cause of which is its being a Main Land or Continent the Days also are two Hours longer in the shortest Day in Winter and shorter by two Hours in the longest Day of Summer than here in England which makes the Fruit so good and the Earth so fertil The Corn-Harvest is ended before the middle of July and most Years they have commonly between Twenty and Thirty Bushels of Wheat for every one they Sow Their Ground is harrowed with Wooden Tyned Harrows twice over in a place is sufficient twice mending of their Plow-Irons in a Years time will serve Their Horses commonly go without being shod two Men may clear between Twenty and Thirty Acres of Land in one Year fit for the Plough in which Oxen are chiefly us'd though Horses are not wanting and of them Good and well shap'd A Cart or a Wain may go through the middle of the Woods between the Trees without getting any damage and of such Land in a convenient place the Purchase will cost between Ten and Fifteen Pounds for a Hundred Acres * Here is much Meadow Ground Poor People both Men and Women will get near three times more Wages for their Labour in this Country than they can earn either in England or Wales What is Inhabited of this Country is divided into Six Counties though there is not the Twentieth Part of it yet Peopled by the Christians It hath in it several Navigable Rivers for Shipping to come in besides the Capital Delaware wherein a Ship of Two Hundred Tuns may Sail Two Hundred Miles up There are also several other small Rivers in number hardly Credible these as the Brooks have for the most part gravelly and hard Bottoms and it is suppos'd that there are many other further up in the Country which are not yet discover'd the Names of the aforesaid Rivers are Hoorkill-River alias Lewis River which runs up to Lewis Town the chiefest in Sussex County Cedar-River Muskmellon-River all taking their Names from the great plenty of these things growing there abouts Mother-kill alias Dover-River St. Jones's alias Cranbrook-River where one John Curtice lives who hath Three Hundred Head of Neat Beasts besides great Numbers of Hogs Horses and Sheep Great Duck-River Little Duck-River Black-Bird-River these also took their Original Names from the great Numbers of those Fowls which are found there in vast quantities Apequinemy-River where their Goods come to be Carted over to Mary-Land St. George's River Christen-River Brandy-Wine-River Vpland alias Chester-River which runs by Chester-Town being the Shire or County-Town Schoolkill-River Frankford-River near which Arthur Cook hath a most Stately Brick-House and Nishamany-River where Judge Growden hath a very Noble and Fine House very pleasantly Situated and likewise a Famous Orchard adjoyning to it wherein are contain'd above a Thousand Apple Trees of various sorts likewise there is the famous Derby-River which comes down from the Cumbry by Derby-Town wherein are several Mills viz. Fulling-Mills Corn-Mills c. There is curious Building-Stone and Paving-Stone also Tile-Stone with which latter Governor Penn covered his Great and Stately Pile which he call'd Pennsbury-House the Name it still retains There is likewise Iron-Stone or Oar lately found which far exceeds that in England being Richer and less Drossy some Preparations have been made to carry on an Iron-Work There is also very good Lime-Stone in great plenty and cheap of great use in Buildings and also in Manuring Land if there were occasion but Nature has made that of it self sufficiently Fruitful besides here are Load-Stones Ising-Glass and that Wonder of Stones the Salamander-Stone found near Brandy-Wine-River having Cotton in Veins within it which will not consume in the Fire though held there a long time As to Minerals or Metals there is very good Copper far exceeding ours in England being much Finer and of a more glorious Colour Not two Mile from the Metropolis are also Purging Mineral-Waters that pass both by Siege and Vrine all out as good as Epsom And I have reason to believe there are good Coals also for I observ'd the Runs of Water have the same Colour as that which proceeds from the Coal-Mines in Wales Here is curious Diversion in Hunting Fishing and Fowling especially upon that Great and Famous River Suskahanah which runs down quite through the heart of the Country to Mary-Land where it makes the Head of Chesepeck-Bay in which place there are an Infinite Number of Sea and Land Fowl of most sorts viz. Swans Ducks Teal which two are the most Grateful and most Delicious in the World Geese Divers Brands Snipe Curlew as also Eagles Turkies of Forty or Fifty Pound Weight Pheasants Partridges Pidgeons Heath-Birds Black-Birds and that Strange and Remarkable Fowl call'd in these Parts the Mocking-Bird that Imitates all sorts of Birds in their various Notes And for Fish there are prodigious quantities of most sorts viz. Shadds Cats-Heads Sheeps-Heads Herrings Smelts Roach Eels Perch As also the large sort of Fish as Whales of which a great deal of Oyl is made Salmon Trout Sturgeon Rock Oysters some six Inches
or Maggots They commonly bring forth two Lambs at once some twise in one Year and the Wooll is very fine and thick and also very white Bees thrive and multiply exceedingly in those Parts the Sweeds often get great store of them in the Woods where they are free for any Body Honey and choice too is sold in the Capital City for Five Pence per Pound Wax is also plentiful cheap and a considerable Commerce Tame Fowls as Chickens Hens Geese Ducks Turkeys c. are large and very plentiful all over this Countrey And now for their Lots and Lands in City and Countrey in their great Advancement since they were first laid out which was within the compass of about Twelve Years that which might have been bought for Fifteen or Eighteen Shillings is now sold for Fourscore Pounds in ready Silver and some other Lots that might have been then Purchased for Three Pounds within the space of Two Years were sold for a Hundred Pounds a piece and likewise some Land that lies near the City that Sixteen Years ago might have been Purchas'd for Six or Eight Pounds the Hundred Acres cannot now be bought under One Hundred and Fifty or Two Hundred Pounds Now the true Reason why this Fruitful Countrey and Florishing City advance so considerably in the Purchase of Lands both in the one and the other is their great and extended Traffique and Commerce both by Sea and Land viz. to New-York New-England Virginia Mary-Land Carolina Jamaica Barbadoes Nevis Monserat Antego St. Cristophers Barmudoes New-Found-Land Maderas Saltetudeous and Old-England besides several other places Their Merchandize chiefly consists in Horses Pipe-Staves Pork and Beef Salted and Barrelled up Bread and Flower all sorts of Grain Pease Beans Skins Furs Tobacco or â—â—t-Ashes Wax c. which are Barter'd for Rumm Sugar Molasses Silver Negroes Salt Wine Linen Houshold-Goods c. However there still remain Lots of Land both in the aforesaid City and Country that any may Purchase almost as cheap as they could at the first Laying out or Parcelling of either City or Country which is in the Judgment of most People the likeliest to turn to account to those that lay their Money out upon it and in a shorter time than the aforementioned Lots and Lands that are already improved and for several Reasons In the first place the Countrey is now well inhabited by the Christians who have great Stocks of all sorts of Cattle that encrease extraordinarily and upon that account they are oblig'd to go farther up into the Countrey because there is the chiefest and best place for their Stocks and for them that go back into the Countrey they get the richest Land for the best lies thereabouts Secondly Farther into the Countrey is the Principal Place to Trade with the Indians for all sorts of Pelt as Skins and Furs and also Fat Venison of whom People may Purchase cheaper by three Parts in four than they can at the City of Philadelphia Thirdly Backwards in the Countrey lies the Mines where is Copper and Iron besides other Metals and Minerals of which there is some Improvement made already in order to bring them to greater Perfection and that will be a means to erect more Inland market-Market-Towns which exceedingly promote Traffick Fourthly and lastly Because the Countrey at the first laying out was void of Inhabitants except the Heathens or very few Christians not worth naming and not many People caring to abandon a quiet and easie at least tolerable Life in their Native Countrey usually the most agreeable to all Mankind to seek out a new hazardous and careful one in a Foreign Wilderness or Desart Countrey wholly destitute of Christian Inhabitants and even to arrive at which they must pass over a vast Ocean expos'd to some Dangers and not a few Inconveniencies But now all those Cares Fears and Hazards are vanished for the Countrey is pretty well Peopled and very much Improv'd and will be more every Day now the Dove is return'd with the Olive-branch of Peace in her Mouth I must needs say even the present Encouragements are very great and inviting for Poor People both Men and Women of all kinds can here get three times the Wages for their Labour they can in England or Wales I shall instance in a few which may serve nay and will hold in all the rest The first was a Black-Smith my next Neighbour who himself and one Negro Man he had got Fifty Shillings in one Day by working up a Hundred Pound Weight of Iron which at Six Pence per Pound and that is the common Price in that Countrey amounts to that Summ. And for Carpenters both House and Ship Brick-layers Masons either of these Trades-Men will get between Five and Six Shillings every Day constantly As to Journey-Men Shooe-Makers they have Two Shillings per Pair both for Men and Womens Shooes And Journey-Men Taylors have Twelve Shillings per Week and their Diet. Sawyers get between Six and Seven Shillings the Hundred for Cutting of Pine-Boards And for Weavers they have Ten or Twelve Pence the Yard for Weaving of that which is little more than half a Yard in breadth Wooll-Combers have for combing Twelve Pence per Pound Potters have Sixteen Pence for an Earthen Pot which may be bought in England for Four Pence Tanners may buy their Hides green for Three Half Pence per Pound and sell their Leather for Twelve Pence per Pound And Curriers have Three Shillings and Four Pence per Hide for Dressing it they buy their Oyl at Twenty Pence per Gallon Brick-Makers have Twenty Shillings per Thousand for their Bricks at the Kiln Felt-Makers will have for their Hats Seven Shillings a piece such as may be bought in England for Two Shillings a piece yet they buy their Wooll commonly for Twelve or Fifteen Pence per Pound And as to the Glaziers they will have Five Pence a Quarry for their Glass The Rule for the Coopers I have almost forgot but this I can affirm of some who went from Bristol as their Neighbours report that could hardly get their Livelihoods there are now reckon'd in Pensilvania by a modest Computation to be worth some Hundreds if not Thousands of Pounds The Bakers make as White Bread as any in London and as for their Rule it is the same in all Parts of the World that I have been in The Butchers for killing a Beast have Five Shillings and their Diet and they may buy a good fat large Cow for Three Pounds or thereabouts The Brewers fell such Beer as is equal in Strength to that in London half Ale and half Stout for Fifteen Shillings per Barrel and their Beer hath a better Name that is is in more esteem than English Beer in Barbadoes and is sold for a higher Price there And for Silver-Smiths they have between Half a Crown and Three Shillings an Ounce for working their Silver and for Gold equivalent Plasterers have commonly Eighteen Pence per Yard for Plastering Last-Makers have
poonk og huska horit haloons etka neskee og marchkee ochqueon Quest What hast got in thy House Answ I have very fat Venison and good strong Skins with very good Turkeys O huskia orit Very well Quest Kee namen neskec kabay og marchkec moos etka opeg megis Answ Mata namen megis nee namen neskec kabay undogwa tekany Quest Did'st thou see black Horses and red Cows with white Sheep Answ I saw no Sheep I did see black Horses yonder in the Woods Quest Kee namen marchkec moos undogwa tekeny Answ Mogy Quest Did'st see red Cows yonder in the Woods Answ Yes Quest Kee squa og enychan hatah Answ Mogy Quest Hast thou a Wife and Children Answ Yes Quest Kacha hatah Answ Neo. Quest How many hast Answ Four Quest Benoingtid etka squatid Answ Nisha benointid og nisha squatid Quest Boys or Girls Answ Two Boys and two Girls Quest Tongtid enychan hatah Answ Mogy Quest Hast got a young Child Answ Yes Quest Etka aroosise Answ Neo kishow Quest How old Answ Four months Quest Etka aroosise kee Answ Pelenacheenckan katingan aroosis Quest How old art thou Answ Fifty years old In the next Place I shall give an account of their way in counting or numbering which is as followeth The Indian Counting The English to it Kooty nisha nacha neo pelenach Kootash nishash choesh peskonk telen One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten. Nishinchkan nachinchkan neochinchkan pelenchinchkan Twenty Thirty Forty Fifty c. The Names of some of the Indians Anachkooting Bussabenating Okonycan Potasko Quindamen Lames Alpoongan Kohonk Hiton Temeny The Dutch and Sweeds inform us that they are greatly decreased in number to what they were when they came first into this Country And the Indians themselves say that two of them die to every one Christian that comes in here Reader I shall not insist any farther upon this Subject because what is deficient or short here is inserted already in the preceding History of Pensilvania for the Natives both of that as well as of this Country speak the same Language and live after the same manner for my chief aim in the next place is to acquaint thee how and after what manner the Christians live there And I hope I have pleased thee so far as it may prove a means to encourage me to give a larger Description hereafter The next who came there were the Dutch which was between Forty and Fifty Years agoe though they made but very little Improvement only built Two or Three Houses upon an Island called since by the English Stacies-Island and it remained so till about the Year 1675. in which King Charles the Second or the Duke of York his Brother gave the Countrey to Edward Billing in whose time one Major Fenwick went thither with some others and built a pretty Town and call'd it Salam and in a few Years after a Ship from London and another from Hull sail'd thither with more People who went higher up into the Countrey and built there a Town and called it Burlington which is now the chiefest Town in that Countrey though Salam is the ancientest and a fine Market-Town it is having several Fairs kept yearly in it likewise well furnished with good store of most Necessaries for humane Support as Bread Beer Beef and Pork as also Butter and Cheese of which they freight several Vessels and send them to Barbadoes and other Islands There are very many fine stately Brick-Houses built and a commodious Dock for Vessels to come in at and they claim equal Privilege with Burlington for the sake of Antiquity tho' that is the principal Place by reason that the late Governor Cox who bought that Countrey of Edward Billing encouraged and promoted that Town chiefly in settling his Agents and Deputy-Governors there the same Favours are continued by the New-West-Jersey Society who now manage Matters there which brings their Assemblies and chief Courts to be kept there and by that means it is become a very famous Town having a great many stately Brick-Houses in it as I said before with a delicate great Market-House where they keep their Market It hath a noble and spacious Hall over-head where their Sessions is kept having the Prison adjoining to it Likewise in the said Town there are very many fine Wharfs and large Timber-Yards Malt-Houses Brew-Houses Bake-Houses and most sorts of Trades-Men whose Wages are upon the same Foot with the Pensilvanians viz. Cloath-Workers who make very good Serges Druggets Crapes Camblets part Silk or Worsted and part Camels Hair and good Plushes with several other Woollen Cloathes besides Linnen There are many Fair and Great Brick Houses on the outside of the Town which the Gentry have built there for their Countrey Houses besides the Great and Stately Palace of John Tateham Esq which is pleasantly Situated on the North side of the Town having a very fine and delightful Garden and Orchard adjoyning to it wherein is variety of Fruits Herbs and Flowers as Roses Tulips July-Flowers Sun-Flowers that open and shut as the Sun Rises and Sets thence taking their Name Carnations and many more besides abundance of Medicinal Roots Herbs Plants and Flowers found wild in the Fields There are kept also in this Famous Town several Fairs every Year and as for Provisions viz. Bread Beer Beef Pork Cheese Butter and most sorts of Fruit here is great Plenty and very Cheap all those Commodities are to be bought every Market-Day A Ship of Four Hundred Tuns may Sail up to this Town in the River Delaware for I my self have been on Board a Ship of that Burthen there And several fine Ships and Vessels besides Governour Cox's own great Ship have been built there There are also two handsom Bridges to come in and out of the Town called London and York-Bridges The Town stands in an Island the Tide flowing quite round about it There are Water-Men who constantly Ply their Wherry Boats from that Town to the City of Philadelphia in Pensilvania and to other places Besides there is Glocester-Town which is a very Fine and Pleasant Place being well stor'd with Summer Fruits as Cherries Mulberries and Strawberries whither Young People come from Philadelphia in the Wherries to eat Straberries and Cream within sight of which City it is sweetly Situated being but about three Miles distance from thence There are several Meetings of Worship in this Country viz. the Presbyterians Quakers and Anabaptists Their Privilege as to Matter of Law is the same both for Plaintiff and Defendant as in England The Air is very Clear Sweet and Wholesom in the depth of Winter it is something colder and as much hotter in the heighth of Summer than in England Commonly with them the Days differ two Hours in length from ours here The longest Day in Summer is shorter by two Hours than the longest Day in England and the shortest Day longer by two Hours than with us here As for Corn they have Wheat Rye Pease Oates
Barley Rice c. in vast quantities Also Indian-Corn Pease and Beans likewise English Hemp and Flax which prospers there exceedingly Eating Roots Pumpkins Cashews Water-Melons Muskmellons Cucumbers Squashes Carrots Artichokes Potatoes Turnips Garlick Onions and Leeks grow there in greater Plenty than in Enland And for Herbs they have Cabbages Coleworts Savoys Lettice Purslane and other Sallads in abundance beside Wild Herbs which are there very commom as Penny-Royal Mint Mustard Sage Rue Tansey c. and likewise there are choice Phisical Roots as Sassafras Sarsaparilla Black-Snake-Root Rattle-Snake Root and Poake-Root with divers others which there is great store of Of Fish they have Whales Sturgeon Cod Scale-Fish Cole and Hake-Fish large Mackeril Flat-fish Rock Shadds Cattes Eels Perch and many other sorts in prodigious Shoals And Wild-Water-Fowl as Geese Ducks Swans Divers c. are very numerous even beyond all expectation As to Land-Fowl Turkeys Geese Pheasants Partridges Pigeons Woodcocks Blackbirds c. they are there in extraordinary great abundance and very large There is also that uncommon and valuable Bird being near the bigness of a Cuckoo called the Mocking-bird known but not very well in England being so very Nice and Tender that they usually die by the way with several other Charming and Curious Birds too tedious here to specifie As to the Wild Vermin There are Otters Beavers Foxes Mush-Rats Minx's Wild-Cats Rackoons Pollcats and also that cunning Creature the Possom particularly mention'd and distinguish'd in the annex'd Account of Pensilvania for its remarkable Qualities whither I refer the Reader not in the least being fond of Tautology This Creature is about the bigness of an English Cat being of a light gray colour Likewise there were some Wolves and Bears but now they are very rare to be seen by reason the Indians destroy them as before Also that strange Creature the Flying Squirril mention'd in the foregoing Book There are great numbers of Wild Deer and Red Deer also and these wild Creatures are free and common for any to kill and take And for Wild Fruits there are Chesnuts Filberts Hickery-Nuts Grapes Mulberries Strawberries Rasberries Huckleberries and Craneberries with several sorts of Plumbs and all those Fruits in great plenty being free for any Body to gather Now I am a coming to the Planted Fruit-Trees as Apples Pears Apricocks Quinces Plumbs Cherries Gooseberries Currants and Peaches from which last they distil a liquor as in Pensilvania much like Rumm or Brandy in the taste and all those Trees will come to bear in a little more than half the time they do in England the Soil is so rich they have great plenty of the aforementioned Fruits which are exceeding delicious These as also many other Fruits that come not to any pitch of Perfection in England are the Natural Product of this Country which lies warmer being more befriended by the Sun 's hot and glorious Beams which without doubt is the chief Cause and true Reason why the Fruit there so far excells the English They have likewise great Stocks of Horses and Hogs raised in the Woods of the latter of which I have seen some of a Prodigious Weight that only fed there their Horses are very hardy strong and of good Spirit for Labour or Travelling they commonly go unshod which in many Years saves much Money Their Plow-shears require but small Reparation wearing out but little They Harrow their Ground with a Wooden-tyned-Harrow and twice over does the business Of Bees also they are well provided abound in Sheep naturally very sound and that stand well the Rot Scab Maggots c. rarely invading them they usually bring forth two Lambs at once and their Wooll is very fine white and thick they have great Stocks of Cattle as Cows Oxen c. Their Oxen commonly weigh well Tame Fowl there are almost incredible in numbers viz. Geese Turkeys Hens c. In this Country also is great Plenty of working Timber as Oaks Ash Chesnuts Pine Cedar Walnut Poplar Firr and Masts for Ships with Pitch and Rosin of great Use and much Benefit to the Countrey Here are several good Navigable Rivers besides that famous River Delaware which I have mentioned elsewhere and where the Tobacco is excellent being deep enough for Vessels to come in First Prince Morise's River where the Sweeds used to kill the Geese in great numbers for their Feathers only leaving their Carcasses behind them Cohansey River by which they send great store of Cedar to Philadelphia-City Allaway-River Salam-River which runs by salam-Salam-Town of greatest Antiquity Naman-River Rackcoon-River which had its Name from the great numbers of those Creatures that always abound thereabouts Old Man's River Manto-River Woodberry-River Great Eggharbor River up which a Ship of two or three hundred Tuns may sail which runs by the back part of the Country into the Main Sea I call it back because the first Improvement made by the Christians was Delawar River-side This Place is noted for good store of Corn Horses Cows Sheep Hogs c. the Lands thereabouts being much improv'd and built upon Little Egg-Harbor-Creek which take their Names from the great abundance of Eggs which the Swans Geese Ducks and other wild Fowls on those Rivers lay thereabouts Timber-River alias Glocester-River which hath its Name also from the great quantity of curious Timber which they send in great Floats to Philadelphia a City in Pensilvania as Oaks Pines Chesnut Ash and Cedars This River runs down by Glocester-Town which is the shire-Shire-Town And Newton-River that runs by Newton Cooper-River Pensokin-River Northampton-River with several others at a convenient distance upon the Sea the Shores whereof are generally deep and bold of less Note as VVissahiskonk-River that runs down into the great River Delaware by Burlington The Countrey inhabited by the Christians is divided into four Parts or Counties tho' the Tenth part of it is not yet peopled 'T is far cheaper living there for Eatables than here in England and either Men or Women that have a Trade or are Labourers can if industrious get near three times the Wages they commonly earn in England Courteous Reader As yet I have given thee no Account of East-Jersey because I never was there so in reality cannot properly or pertinently speak to that Matter I will not pretend to impose any thing on the World but have all along and shall still declare nothing but Verity therefore one Word of that by and by I might have given thee a much larger Account of this Countrey and have stretch'd this now Pocket Volume to an extraordinary Bulk and Size and yet without straining or deviating in the least from the Principles of my Profession which are Truth it self I have no Plot in my Pate or deep Design no not the least expectation of gaining any thing by them that go thither or losing by those who stay here My End chiefly in Writing nay indeed my great Aim is to inform the People of Britain and Ireland in general but particularly the Poor who are begging or near it or starving or hard by it as I before took notice in my Preface to encourage them for their own Good and for the Honour and Benefit of their Native Countrey to whom they are now a Scandal and Disgrace and whose Milk and Honey these Drones eat up and are besides a heavy Burden to the Commonwealth in the Taxes paid by every Parish in England c. to support them Law-Causes are here as in Pensilvania speedily determined in the second Court at least unless in some difficult Business One Justice of the Peace hath Power to try a Cause and give Judgment therein if the Original Debt be under forty Shillings And for Thieves and Robbers as I hinted before in the Preface they must restore fourfold which if they are not able to do they must work hard till the injured Person is satisfied I shall conclude with a Word or two on New-East-Jersey This Countrey is exceeding fruitful in Cattel of which I have seen great numbers brought from thence viz. Oxen Cows Sheep Hogs and Horses to Philadelphia the Capital of Pensilvania The chiefest Manufactory besides English and Indian Grain fit for Traffick that this Countrey affords Now I shall give thee an Account of the English Manufactory that each County in West-New-Jersey affords In the first Place I shall begin with Burlington-County as for Peltage or Beavers Skins Otter-Skins Minks Skins Musk-rats Skins Rackcoon Wild Cats Martin and Deer-Skins c. The Trade in Glocester-County consists chiefly in Pitch Tar and Rosin the latter of which is made by Robert Styles an excellent Artist in that sort of Work for he delivers it as clear as any Gum-Arabick The Commerce carried on in Salam-County is chiefly Rice of which they have wonderful Produce every Year as also of Cranberries which grow there in great plenty and which in Picle might be brought to Europe The Commodities of Capmay-County are Oyl and Whale-Bone of which they make prodigious nay vast quantities every Year having mightily advanc'd that great Fishery taking great numbers of Whales yearly This Country for the general part of it is extraordinary good and proper for the raising of all sorts of Cattel very plentiful here as Cows Horses Sheep and Hogs c. likewise it is well Stor'd with several sorts of Fruits which make very good and pleasant Liquors such as their Neighbouring Country before mention'd affords Now Reader having no more to add of any moment or importance I salute thee in Christ and whether thou stayest in England Scotland Ireland or Wales or goest to Pensilvania West or East-Jersey I wish thee all Health and Happiness in this and Everlasting Comfort in God in the World to come Fare thee well FINIS
long Crabs Cockles some as big as Stewing Oysters of which are made a Choice Soupe or Broth Canok and Mussels with many other sorts of Fish which would be too tedious to insert There are several sorts of wild Beasts of great Profit and good Food viz. Panthers Woolves Fither Deer Beaver Otter Hares Musk-Rats Minks Wild-Cats Foxes Rackoons Rabits and that strange Creature the Possam she having a false Belly to swallow her Young ones by which means she preserveth them from danger when any thing comes to disturb them There are also Bears some Wolves are pretty well destroy'd by the Indians for the sake of the Reward given them by the Christians for that Service Here is also that Remarkable Creature the Flying-Squirrel having a kind of Skinny Wings almost like those of the Batt though it hath the like Hair and Colour of the Common Squirrel but is much less in Bodily Substance I have my self seen it fly from one Tree to another in the Woods but how long it can maintain its Flight is not yet exactly known There are in the Woods abundance of Red Deer vulgarly called Stags for I have bought of the Indians a whole Buck both Skin and Carcass for two Gills of Gunpowder Excellent Food most delicious far exceeding that in Europe in the Opinion of most that are Nice and Curious People There are vast Numbers of other Wild Creatures as Elks Bufalos c. all which as well Beasts Fowl and Fish are free and common to any Person who can shoot or take them without any lett hinderance or Opposition whatsoever There are among other various sorts of Frogs the Bull-Frog which makes a roaring noise hardly to be distinguished from that well known of the Beast from whom it takes its Name There is another sort of Frog that crawls up to the tops of Trees there seeming to imitate the Notes of several Birds with many other strange and various Creatures which would take up too much room here to mention Next I shall proceed to instance in the several sorts of Wild Fruits as excellent Grapes Red Black White Muscadel and Fox which upon frequent Experience have produc'd Choice Wine being daily Cultivated by skilful Vinerons they will in a short space of time have very good Liquor of their own and some to supply their Neighbours to their great advantage as these Wines are more pure so much more wholsom the Brewing Trade of Sophisticating and Adulterating of Wines as in England Holland especially and in some other places not being known there yet nor in all probability will it in many Years through a natural Probity so fixed and implanted in the Inhabitants and I hope like to continue Wallnuts Chesnuts Filberts Heckery-Nuts Hartleberries Mâ—lberries white and black Rasberries Strawberries Cramberries Plumbs of several sorts and many other Wild Fruits in great plenty which are common and free for any to gather to particularize the Names of them all would take up too much time tire not gratifie the Reader and be inconsistent with the intended Brevity of this little Volume The common Planting Fruit-Trees are Apples which from a Kernel without Inoculating will shoot up to be a large Tree and produce very delicious large and pleasant Fruit of which much excellent Cyder is made in taste resembling that in England press'd from Pippins and Pearmains sold commonly for between Ten and Fifteen Shillings per Barrel Pears Peaches c. of which they distil a Liquor much like the taste of Rumm or Brandy which they Yearly make in great quantities There are Quinces Cherries Goosberries Currants Squashes Pumpkins Water-Mellons Muskmellons and other Fruits in great Numbers which seldom fail of yielding great plenty There are also many curious and excellent Physical Wild Herbs Roots and Drugs of great Vertue and very sanative as the Sassafras and Sarsaparilla so much us'd in Diet-Drinks for the Cure of the Veneral Disease which makes the Indians by a right application of them as able Doctors and Surgeons as any in Europe performing celebrated Cures therewith and by the use of some particular Plants only find Remedy in all Swellings Burnings Cuts c. There grows also in great plenty the Black Snake-Root fam'd for its sometimes preserving but often curing the Plague being infused only in Wine Brandy or Rumm Rattle-Snake-Root Poke-Root called in England Jallop with several other beneficial Herbs Plants and Roots which Physicians have approved of far exceeding in Nature and Vertue those of other Countries The Names of the Counties are as followeth First Philadelphia County Second Bucks County Third Chester County Fourth New-Castle County Fifth Kent County Sixth Sussex County The chiefest and most commodious places for raising Tobacco as also for Breeding and Improving all sorts of Cattle are the Counties of Kent and New-Castle the other chiefly depend upon Raising and Improving English Grain of which they have a prodigious Encrease which I have particularly instanced in the beginning of this Book both as to their Quality and Quantity All those Counties also very much abound in all sorts of Cattle both small and great for the Use and Service of Man Their sorts of Grain are Wheat Rye Pease Oates Barley Buck-Wheat Rice Indian-Corn Indian-Pease and Beans with great quantities of Hemp and Flax as also several sorts of eating Roots as Turnips Potatoes Carrats Parsnips c. all which are produc'd Yearly in greater quantities than in England those Roots being much larger and altogether as sweet if not more delicious Cucumbers Coshaws Artichokes with many others most sorts of Saladings besides what grows naturally Wild in the Country and that in great plenty also as Mustard Rue Sage Mint Tanzy Wormwood Penny-Royal and Purslain and most of the Herbs and Roots found in the Gardens in England There are several Husband-Men who sow Yearly between Seventy and Eighty Acres of Wheat each besides Barley Oates Rye Pease Beans and other Grain They have commonly Two Harvests in the Year First of English Wheat and next of Buck or French Wheat They have great Stocks both of Hogs and Horses kept in the Woods out of which I saw a Hog kill'd of about a Year old which weigh'd Two Hundred weight whose Flesh is much sweeter and even more luscious than that in England because they feed and fatten on the rich though wild Fruits besides those fatned at home by Peaches Cherries and Apples Their Horses are very hardy insomuch that being very hot with riding or otherwise they are turn'd out into the Woods at the same Instant and yet receive no harm some Farmers have Forty some Sixty and from that Number to Two or Three Hundred Head of Cattle Their Oxen usually weigh Two Hundred Pounds a Quarter They are commonly fatter of Flesh and yield more Tallow by feeding only on Grass than the Cattle in England And for Sheep they have considerable Numbers which are generally free from those infectious Diseases which are incident to those Creatures in England as the Rot Scab