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country_n great_a river_n run_v 3,541 5 7.1374 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A36235 The designe for the perfect draining of the great level of the fens, called Bedford level, lying in Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridge, Huntingtonshire, Northamptonshire, Lincolnshire and the isle of Ely as it was delivered to the honourable corporation for the draining of the said great level the 4th of June, 1664 : as also several objections answered since the delivery of the said designe now in agitation : and as for the new works intended in this designe appears in the annexed map : and the charge of the whole calculated / by Collonel William Dodson. Dodson, William. 1665 (1665) Wing D1801; ESTC R12203 36,672 50

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withstand_v a_o reasonable_a flood_n to_z and_o through_o this_o great_a level_n run_v certain_a river_n and_o rivilet_n design_n i_o exclude_v the_o river_n welland_n as_o not_o to_o meddle_v with_o it_o in_o this_o design_n and_o those_o which_o i_o call_v rivers_n which_o we_o have_v to_o deal_v withal_o be_v new_a nean_n alias_o morton_n leame_z bedford_z river_n and_o great_a owse_n the_o river_n nean_n be_v very_o considerable_a it_o run_v out_o of_o northamptonshire_n and_o bring_v many_o river_n and_o rivilet_n which_o fall_v into_o it_o and_o with_o reason_n we_o may_v believe_v northamptonshire_n to_o be_v the_o high_a county_n in_o all_o england_n there_o be_v no_o river_n which_o run_v into_o it_o but_o many_o which_o run_v out_o of_o it_o east_n west_n north_n and_o south_n bedford_z river_n be_v equal_a with_o nean_n river_n and_o bring_v with_o it_o all_o those_o river_n and_o brook_n out_o of_o bedfordshire_n and_o buckinghamshire_n old_a owse_n i_o call_v it_o a_o 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the_o door_n of_o that_o sluice_n must_v be_v thirty_o foot_n in_o length_n the_o sluice_n i_o have_v design_v be_v in_o height_n from_o the_o low_a stone_n in_o the_o foundation_n answ_n to_o the_o high_a stone_n in_o the_o work_n but_o eight_o and_o twenty_o foot_n high_a the_o several_a water-waye_n in_o this_o sluice_n but_o ten_o foot_n high_a neither_o do_v the_o great_a fresh_n within_o we_o rise_v above_o ten_o or_o twelve_o foot_n upon_o the_o sluice_n why_o shall_v the_o floodgate_n than_o be_v make_v thirty_o foot_n high_a for_o ten_o or_o twelve_o foot_n water_n you_o have_v a_o precedent_n by_o all_o those_o goat_n that_o stand_v upon_o the_o river_n owse_fw-mi in_o marsland_n that_o drain_v all_o marsland_n into_o that_o river_n otherwise_o marsland_n can_v not_o be_v drain_v yet_o their_o floodgate_n be_v not_o above_o five_o foot_n high_o set_v to_o low_a water_n mark_v so_o that_o the_o spring_n tide_n flow_v about_o thirteen_o foot_n of_o plum_n water_n above_o they_o four_o object_n it_o be_v object_v that_o if_o this_o sluice_n and_o river_n through_o marsland_n be_v finish_v it_o will_v do_v no_o good_a to_o the_o draining_n of_o the_o great_a level_n but_o no_o reason_n be_v give_v for_o it_o if_o that_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o great_a and_o considerable_a descent_n to_o the_o sea_n answ_n at_o the_o very_a out-fall_a will_v do_v no_o good_a to_o drain_v that_o great_a and_o flat_a level_n that_o lie_v in_o a_o flood_n above_o twenty_o foot_n high_o than_o low_a water_n mark_n at_o the_o out-fall_a and_o yet_o this_o out-fall_a but_o twelve_o mile_n from_o this_o flat_a level_n make_v this_o objection_n frivolous_a but_o to_o give_v far_a satisfaction_n i_o do_v desire_v a_o view_n may_v have_v be_v make_v of_o that_o river_n call_v the_o horseshooe_n below_o wisbidge_n where_o they_o may_v have_v see_v the_o tide_n rise_v to_o the_o height_n of_o eight_o or_o nine_o foot_n up_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o river_n high_a than_o the_o superficies_n of_o marsland_n and_o if_o you_o will_v stay_v until_o it_o be_v low_a water_n you_o shall_v see_v this_o river_n two_o or_o three_o foot_n within_o soil_n low_a than_o the_o superficies_n of_o marsland_n and_o yet_o the_o river_n of_o owse_n at_o the_o great_a sluice_n at_o low_a water_n mark_v will_v be_v ten_o or_o eleven_o foot_n below_o the_o superficies_n of_o marsland_n there_o for_o all_o the_o descent_n of_o marsland_n lie_v from_o the_o bank_n upon_o the_o horseshooe_n to_o the_o new_a sluice_n near_o magdalen_n and_o the_o goat_n in_o marsland_n on_o the_o river_n owse_fw-mi do_v drain_n the_o whole_a country_n into_o the_o say_a river_n follow_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o tide_n it_o be_v object_v object_n that_o the_o stop_n of_o the_o tide_n by_o a_o sluice_n at_o magdalen_n will_v not_o take_v away_o the_o great_a water_n in_o a_o flood_n from_o off_o the_o bank_n at_o sutton_n and_o meapool_n if_o the_o tide_n be_v not_o stop_v here_o at_o magdalen_n answ_n or_o german_n yea_o low_a to_o sea_n if_o it_o be_v convenient_a it_o be_v not_o possible_a but_o that_o in_o a_o flood_n swacy_n over_n erith_n the_o washes_n and_o those_o bank_n about_o sutton_n meapool_n witham_n witchford_n and_o welney_n must_v all_o suffer_v my_o reason_n be_v first_o reason_n the_o flood_n come_v quick_a from_o st._n ives_n make_v their_o way_n to_o sea_n the_o water-way_n be_v large_a enough_o at_o erith_n it_o be_v confess_v but_o at_o sutton_n galt_n and_o meapool_n in_o the_o new_a bedford_n river_n there_o it_o run_v upon_o a_o ascent_n the_o like_a again_o at_o pyemoor-hill_n which_o be_v a_o great_a obstruction_n of_o the_o fresh_n in_o a_o flood_n run_v to_o sea_n for_o gravels_n and_o ford_n in_o river_n be_v a_o great_a hindrance_n to_o the_o free_a passage_n of_o all_o water_n for_o although_o the_o river_n be_v never_o so_o deep_a it_o must_v be_v allow_v where_o such_o obstruction_n be_v you_o can_v run_v no_o more_o water_n in_o those_o river_n then_o what_o run_v over_o your_o gravels_n or_o ford_n and_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o sutton_n galt_n and_o pyemoor-hill_n in_o new_a bedford_n river_n beside_o this_o there_o be_v another_o great_a obstruction_n which_o be_v the_o weed_n that_o be_v admit_v to_o grow_v in_o this_o and_o many_o other_o of_o our_o river_n and_o be_v of_o very_o dangerous_a consequence_n for_o in_o a_o flood_n where_o our_o fresh_n in_o this_o river_n have_v but_o small_a descent_n they_o hold_v they_o up_o insomuch_o that_o the_o fresh_n be_v enforce_v to_o soil_n through_o those_o weed_n as_o through_o a_o c●eve_n which_o must_v of_o necessity_n cause_n those_o quick_a water_n from_o the_o upland_n to_o swell_v backward_o to_o the_o great_a damage_n of_o erith_n swacy_n and_o over_o on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o country_n second_o reason_n after_o the_o flood_n have_v pass_v these_o three_o great_a obstruction_n in_o this_o river_n it_o meet_v with_o another_o rather_o worse_o than_o the_o former_a which_o be_v the_o tide_n and_o winde-catch_a for_o when_o these_o great_a body_n of_o fresh_n come_v to_o run_v to_o the_o sea_n they_o then_o at_o the_o very_a out-fall_a meet_v with_o the_o tide_n who_o visit_v that_o river_n twice_o in_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n and_o do_v not_o only_o stop_v the_o current_n of_o those_o fresh_n and_o force_v they_o back_o even_o as_o far_o as_o sutton-bridge_n upon_o new_a bedford_n river_n and_o if_o the_o wind_n blow_v hard_o almost_o in_o any_o point_n when_o the_o flood_n be_v within_o the_o great_a wash_n of_o that_o river_n the_o bank_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v lose_v or_o blow_v up_o for_o it_o make_v so_o rough_a a_o sea_n that_o it_o wash_v and_o undermine_v the_o bank_n and_o if_o it_o do_v not_o break_v they_o it_o put_v the_o corporation_n the_o next_o summer_n to_o a_o vast_a charge_n of_o repair_v now_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o free_v this_o level_n from_o the_o bad_a effect_n of_o this_o indirect_a river_n the_o tide_n winde-catch_a and_o weed_n to_o give_v this_o river_n from_o erith_n free_a passage_n by_o the_o old_a and_o famous_a river_n by_o it_o for_o it_o be_v old_a bedford_n river_n that_o be_v the_o river_n though_o it_o have_v be_v much_o slight_v yet_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v make_v use_n on_o of_o late_a year_n it_o have_v be_v much_o worse_o for_o the_o country_n than_o it_o be_v for_o i_o dare_v and_o will_v affirm_v that_o the_o fresh_n in_o a_o flood_n shall_v vent_v themselves_o run_v from_o erith_n a_o day_n or_o two_o at_o saltors_n load_n by_o the_o old_a river_n before_o they_o come_v down_o thither_o by_o the_o new_a now_o these_o two_o river_n have_v their_o free_a passage_n the_o weed_n be_v cut_v and_o rode_v and_o the_o tide_n stop_v at_o german_n or_o magdalen_n will_v free_v this_o part_n of_o the_o level_n that_o be_v so_o much_o oppress_v by_o st._n ives_n water_n the_o winde-catch_a and_o the_o flux_n of_o the_o tide_n up_o that_o river_n for_o the_o fresh_n then_o 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the_o great_a flood_n it_o will_v be_v allow_v that_o the_o water_n can_v lie_v long_o or_o rife_o so_o high_a as_o former_o by_o six_o foot_n upon_o those_o bank_n if_o so_o than_o the_o winde-catch_a can_v in_o the_o least_o prejudice_n those_o bank_n by_o this_o i_o hope_v it_o may_v be_v perceive_v that_o the_o water_n can_v lie_v upon_o those_o bank_n of_o sutton_n and_o meapool_n or_o in_o the_o least_o damnify_v erith_n swacy_n and_o over_o this_o may_v be_v a_o answer_n for_o the_o river_n of_o morton_n leam_fw-la to_o peterborough_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n for_o the_o obstruction_n be_v the_o same_o six_o object_n it_o be_v object_v that_o my_o inlet_a of_o the_o river_n from_o wisbidge_n into_o marsland_n
cut_v can_v be_v perform_v at_o six_o foot_n deep_a at_o the_o river_n call_v the_o horseshooe_n as_o i_o have_v design_v it_o and_o they_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o it_o that_o if_o i_o make_v my_o river_n there_o six_o foot_n deep_a the_o height_n of_o the_o tide_n will_v not_o reach_v the_o sole_a of_o that_o river_n to_o be_v cut_v through_o marsland_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o answer_v this_o objection_n answ_n it_o be_v altogether_o without_o reason_n or_o sense_n but_o refer_v you_o to_o my_o answer_n to_o the_o four_o objection_n which_o will_v give_v any_o one_o full_a satisfaction_n seven_o object_n it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o sluice_n the_o purchase_n of_o the_o ground_n through_o marsland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_v design_v by_o i_o will_v cost_v 200000l_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v answ_n that_o certain_o they_o that_o make_v so_o large_a a_o estimate_n upon_o those_o work_n i_o have_v design_v know_v how_o to_o set_v a_o price_n upon_o their_o own_o for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v the_o estimate_n i_o give_v in_o to_o the_o honourable_a corporation_n with_o my_o design_n do_v not_o amount_v to_o above_o 46000l_o for_o i_o have_v rather_o and_o it_o be_v my_o resolution_n to_o ask_v more_o or_o at_o least_o as_o much_o as_o will_v do_v the_o work_n have_v so_o short_a a_o warning_n then_o ask_v less_o and_o the_o corporation_n shall_v find_v it_o more_o thereby_o to_o induce_v the_o corporation_n to_o make_v use_n of_o my_o design_n but_o upon_o further_a consideration_n and_o have_v better_o digest_v the_o charge_n i_o have_v since_o for_o the_o better_a satisfaction_n of_o this_o honourable_a corporation_n make_v a_o moddel_n of_o part_n of_o the_o great_a sluice_n and_o the_o soss_a proportionable_a to_o show_v the_o true_a dimention_n of_o the_o same_o which_o sluice_n and_o soss_n will_v be_v undertake_v at_o a_o price_n by_o able_a and_o sufficient_a workman_n and_o that_o such_o mistake_n as_o these_o 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lie_v very_o deep_a in_o water_n freeze_v over_o with_o ice_n and_o snow_n this_o they_o thus_o suffer_v to_o keep_v their_o ground_n warm_a and_o by_o this_o mean_n preserve_v the_o root_n of_o their_o grass_n from_o perish_v by_o the_o frost_n and_o in_o february_n or_o march_n when_o the_o weather_n break_v they_o then_o run_v all_o these_o water_n out_o into_o the_o sea_n by_o their_o sluice_n which_o run_v quick_a and_o violent_o for_o one_o month_n and_o more_o together_o more_o quick_a than_o ever_o it_o will_v run_v at_o the_o great_a sluice_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o way_n to_o avoid_v their_o great_a and_o quick_a water_n but_o by_o sluice_n second_o it_o be_v the_o like_a with_o north_n holland_n and_o south_n holland_n by_o the_o multitude_n of_o mill_n work_v all_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o winter_n which_o cause_v a_o very_a quick_a river_n to_o their_o sluice_n at_o sea_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o these_o all_o may_v be_v term_v quick_a water_n three_o if_o we_o look_v at_o home_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o we_o have_v a_o gallant_a sluice_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o wisbidge_n which_o be_v of_o great_a use_n until_o it_o be_v overcharge_v by_o the_o river_n of_o welland_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o then_o adventurer_n for_o there_o be_v no_o water_n intend_v to_o that_o sluice_n but_o what_o run_v under_o peterborough_n bridge_n from_o burrough_n fen_n and_o thorney_n and_o the_o water-way_n be_v make_v according_o in_o that_o sluice_n and_o that_o sluice_n be_v useful_a and_o convenient_a in_o that_o place_n and_o may_v have_v be_v to_o this_o day_n four_o come_v to_o the_o soss_n at_o well-creek_n which_o be_v still_o stand_v and_o have_v to_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o the_o country_n these_o thirty_o year_n preserve_v navigation_n and_o wrought_v that_o river_n to_o a_o great_a depth_n and_o keep_v it_o this_o may_v be_v just_o call_v a_o quick_a water_n upon_o ever_o land_n flood_n or_o down-fall_a five_o look_v upon_o the_o sluice_n upon_o old_a bedford_n river_n at_o saltors_n load_n which_o be_v still_o stand_v and_o for_o many_o year_n preserve_v the_o out-fall_a of_o that_o river_n until_o our_o trouble_n begin_v in_o england_n and_o then_o the_o people_n steal_v away_o the_o floodgate_n so_o that_o the_o out-fall_a of_o that_o river_n be_v sudden_o silt_v up_o and_o this_o sluice_n stand_v upon_o a_o considerable_a quick_a river_n six_o come_v to_o the_o open_a soss_n and_o several_a sluice_n at_o saltors_n load_n which_o be_v set_v down_o some_o fourteen_o year_n since_o upon_o this_o great_a quick_a butt_v upon_o the_o tide_n from_o sea_n and_o although_o it_o be_v make_v of_o wood_n which_o can_v be_v durable_a against_o the_o sea_n neither_o be_v it_o set_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n yet_o it_o be_v clear_v it_o do_v much_o preserve_v that_o part_n of_o the_o level_n and_o also_o maintain_v navigation_n whilst_o it_o be_v keep_v in_o repair_n now_o give_v i_o leave_v 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doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n i_o have_v assert_v in_o my_o design_n for_o unless_o in_o my_o judgement_n we_o can_v master_v the_o tide_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o drain_n this_o level_n nine_o object_n it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o sluice_n i_o have_v design_v will_v not_o bear_v the_o weight_n of_o water_n that_o will_v lie_v against_o it_o and_o that_o the_o eager_n will_v carry_v away_o the_o sluice_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v answ_n that_o the_o sluice_n i_o have_v design_v be_v in_o the_o foundation_n two_o and_o fifty_o foot_n broad_a the_o breadth_n of_o the_o sluice_n upward_o be_v forty_o foot_n and_o beside_o this_o breadth_n between_o every_o arch_n a_o butterice_n raise_v from_o the_o foundation_n on_o both_o side_n the_o sluice_n of_o three_o foot_n square_a all_o of_o
german-bridge_n or_o near_o magdelen_n the_o foundation_n under_o the_o sole_a of_o those_o arch_n shall_v be_v four_o foot_n deep_a the_o supporter_n or_o peer_n between_o each_o arch_n or_o water-way_n shall_v be_v six_o foot_n thick_a make_v of_o good_a brick_n and_o other_o good_a stone_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o outwardmost_a brick_n to_o be_v lay_v in_o terrace_n and_o lime_n these_o arch_n for_o the_o water-way_n be_v make_v ten_o foot_n high_a from_o the_o sole_a beside_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o arch_n and_o so_o build_v and_o finish_v above_o to_o what_o height_n and_o weight_n may_v be_v think_v fit_v the_o breadth_n of_o this_o sluice_n compose_v of_o four_o and_o twenty_o arch_n from_o their_o butt_v upon_o the_o river_n owse_n to_o the_o butt_v upon_o the_o new_a river_n which_o run_v to_o it_o through_o marsland_n shall_v be_v forty_o foot_n beside_o the_o apron_n to_o the_o river_n owse_fw-mi and_o the_o apron_n to_o the_o new_a river_n of_o marsland_n to_o 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they_o must_v either_o break_v or_o sink_v the_o soss_n may_v be_v make_v as_o large_a as_o you_o please_v to_o hold_v ten_o or_o twelve_o boat_n at_o a_o time_n soss_n and_o the_o charge_v not_o much_o more_o than_o though_o it_o be_v make_v for_o two_o or_o three_o boat_n see_v we_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o fear_v the_o loss_n of_o water_n i_o do_v wish_v the_o soss_n may_v be_v make_v large_a for_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o navigation_n will_v increase_v within_o we_o be_v it_o be_v so_o feizable_a to_o be_v make_v to_o stampford_n in_o lincolnshire_n to_o rockingham_n in_o rutlandshire_n and_o to_o bedford_n in_o bedfordshire_n as_o for_o your_o sluice_n at_o ditton_n at_o croyland_n at_o murrow-plash_n at_o guyheirne_n with_o that_o small_a cut_n which_o i_o desire_v may_v be_v make_v at_o littleport_n chair_n these_o be_v but_o small_a work_n and_o will_v cost_v but_o little_a money_n i_o have_v give_v the_o reason_n for_o they_o and_o the_o great_a use_n of_o they_o 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of_o this_o great_a level_n answer_v these_o thirty_o year_n and_o more_o five_o or_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n and_o if_o they_o believe_v this_o design_n and_o these_o work_n will_v perfect_v the_o work_n of_o draining_n sure_o than_o they_o will_v lay_v out_o one_o whole_a year_n rend_v and_o a_o half_a to_o make_v all_o their_o money_n good_a and_o free_v themselves_o from_o such_o vast_a expense_n which_o will_v be_v swallow_v up_o in_o the_o yearly_a repair_v of_o those_o uncertain_a bank_n if_o this_o design_n be_v perfect_v do_v take_v away_o all_o fear_n as_o well_o as_o future_a charge_n and_o bring_v the_o level_n into_o repute_n and_o credit_n it_o will_v be_v worth_a their_o expense_n and_o twenty_o time_n more_o and_o when_o this_o design_n be_v thorough_o understand_v and_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o moory_n banks_n this_o design_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v otherwise_o this_o level_n must_v be_v leave_v in_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o it_o be_v find_v and_o last_o since_o this_o objection_n be_v of_o such_o force_n that_o it_o will_v cost_v much_o money_n i_o then_o say_v if_o a_o year_n and_o a_o half_n rend_v will_n treble_v my_o rent_n yearly_a to_o what_o it_o yield_v at_o present_a i_o must_v conclude_v myself_o none_o of_o the_o best_a husband_n that_o will_v not_o lay_v out_o so_o much_o money_n to_o such_o a_o advantage_n i_o will_v now_o answer_v some_o other_o objection_n that_o there_o be_v as_o much_o do_v for_o the_o draining_n of_o this_o great_a level_n as_o can_v be_v do_v object_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o invention_n of_o man_n to_o do_v more_o than_o what_o be_v already_o do_v this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o which_o give_v credit_n to_o our_o moory_a bank_n answ_n and_o understand_v not_o the_o descent_n nor_o ascent_n of_o this_o level_n in_o general_a nor_o do_v they_o know_v the_o descent_n that_o may_v be_v gain_v to_o the_o sea_n but_o will_v say_v if_o bank_n will_v not_o do_v the_o work_n there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v do_v but_o do_v dishearten_v all_o man_n from_o do_v or_o attempt_v any_o thing_n lest_o their_o weakness_n shall_v appear_v why_o do_v you_o then_o object_n when_o you_o be_v director_n for_o the_o work_n make_v such_o great_a and_o high_a bank_n upon_o morton_n leam_fw-la of_o two_o and_o fifty_o foot_n in_o the_o seat_n twelve_o foot_n high_a and_o eight_o foot_n broad_a at_o the_o top_n all_o this_o i_o do_v it_o be_v true_a answ_n but_o those_o bank_n i_o do_v not_o make_v for_o sea_n banks_n or_o to_o withstand_v such_o a_o sea_n or_o wash_v as_o now_o they_o have_v but_o lay_v they_o near_o to_o avoid_v a_o winde-catch_a and_o i_o tell_v the_o adventurer_n at_o wisbidge_n in_o
by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o shelf_n of_o sand_n upon_o that_o coast_n so_o that_o the_o ordinary_a strength_n of_o that_o small_a river_n come_v from_o bergue_n bergue_n be_v not_o able_a to_o carry_v out_o of_o that_o haven_n what_o the_o sea_n lodge_v in_o it_o but_o then_o reason_n and_o industry_n do_v the_o work_n of_o that_o haven_n thus_o when_o the_o haven_n be_v silt_v up_o to_o such_o a_o height_n the_o town_n cause_v the_o river_n aforesaid_a to_o be_v keep_v up_o by_o their_o sluice_n or_o soss_n for_o some_o eight_o or_o ten_o day_n together_o than_o they_o command_v the_o ship_n and_o other_o vessel_n in_o that_o haven_n to_o ride_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o as_o close_o to_o each_o other_o as_o they_o can_v in-draught_n and_o be_v thus_o place_v they_o at_o a_o level_n water_n open_v their_o sluice_n and_o soss_n and_o give_v liberty_n to_o the_o pin_v up_o water_n from_o bergue_v to_o run_v through_o the_o haven_n so_o that_o it_o grind_v the_o bottom_n through_o the_o interval_n between_o the_o ship_n that_o it_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o silt_n and_o sand_n out_o of_o the_o haven_n whilst_o the_o ship_n rock_v too_o and_o fro_o as_o if_o they_o will_v fall_v one_o upon_o another_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o haven_n become_v as_o deep_a again_o it_o be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o delft_n haven_n in_o hollaud_v and_o that_o small_a river_n which_o come_v from_o overkey_n to_o the_o town_n and_o haven_n do_v the_o like_a effect_n with_o that_o of_o dunkirk_n otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v no_o haven_n but_o by_o reason_n the_o sluice_n which_o cast_v their_o in-draught_n into_o both_o these_o haven_n stand_v at_o the_o very_a entrance_n of_o they_o otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o grind_v and_o effect_v so_o great_a a_o work_n now_o look_v back_o to_o ourselves_o which_o have_v be_v so_o much_o mistake_v waldersey_n as_o to_o make_v receptacle_n of_o in-draught_n within_o land_n so_o remote_a from_o the_o outfalls_a and_o you_o may_v be_v 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arise_v to_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n the_o honourable_a corporation_n the_o country_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n his_o majesty_n subject_n in_o this_o level_n kingdom_n who_o be_v former_o very_o poor_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o bank_n and_o their_o ground_n lie_v dry_a but_o be_v once_o perfect_o drain_v will_v grow_v rich_a and_o populous_a to_o the_o strengthen_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n it_o will_v better_a navigation_n and_o trade_n to_o all_o his_o town_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n waste_n it_o secure_v his_o majesty_n land_n be_v ten_o thousand_o acre_n lie_v in_o this_o level_n from_o all_o far_a charge_n or_o fear_v of_o be_v drown_v by_o any_o flood_n either_o in_o winter_n or_o summer_n his_o majesty_n gain_v hereby_o fifty_o thousand_o acre_n of_o good_a land_n call_v now_o the_o washes_n or_o salt_n marsh_n this_o land_n be_v equal_a to_o those_o land_n in_o marsland_n or_o holland_n for_o goodness_n the_o one_o lie_v on_o the_o east_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o westside_n of_o these_o washes_n or_o salt_n marsh_n which_o be_v all_o the_o king_n waste_n and_o i_o do_v affirm_v that_o those_o washes_n contain_v more_o land_n than_o lie_v in_o marsland_n itself_o and_o more_o those_o washes_n lie_n much_o high_a than_o do_v marsland_n or_o the_o north-side_n of_o wisbide_v yet_o through_o this_o wash_n do_v wisbidge_n river_n sheir-drain_n and_o spalding_n river_n make_v their_o way_n to_o the_o sea_n but_o when_o wisbidge_n river_n sheir-drain_n with_o spalding_n river_n be_v force_v to_o a_o better_a out-fall_a as_o wisbidge_n to_o great_a owse_n and_o spalding_n river_n and_o glean_v secure_v to_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o north_n and_o south_n holland_n then_o must_v those_o spacious_a washes_n sudden_o become_v good_a land_n for_o this_o reason_n viz._n for_o these_o river_n by_o force_n of_o winter_n flood_n do_v scour_v and_o cleanse_v these_o washes_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o silt_n or_o sand_n to_o bed_n upon_o they_o but_o these_o river_n be_v take_v away_o which_o run_v through_o and_o spread_v themselves_o upon_o these_o wash_v every_o low_a water_n do_v carry_v away_o to_o sea_n what_o the_o tide_n have_v leave_v behind_o but_o the_o cause_n be_v take_v away_o the_o effect_n cease_v and_o all_o those_o washes_n will_v become_v good_a land_n at_o little_a or_o no_o considerable_a charge_n and_o yet_o the_o navigation_n of_o his_o majesty_n town_n of_o lynne_n boston_n and_o wisbidge_n much_o better_v and_o prove_v great_a outfalls_a and_o navigable_a channel_n to_o the_o north_n sea_n yet_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o fresh_n that_o though_o the_o fresh_n work_v this_o effect_n to_o cleanse_v and_o scour_v the_o washes_n yet_o the_o washes_n grow_v and_o get_v height_n upon_o they_o and_o though_o former_o wisbidge_n be_v the_o best_a out-fall_a in_o this_o great_a level_n and_o take_v much_o of_o our_o water_n into_o it_o sheir-drain_n which_o now_o run_v by_o lin_z by_o reason_n of_o late_a year_n the_o sea_n have_v leave_v we_o and_o the_o washes_n have_v gain_v a_o great_a height_n and_o in_o my_o judgement_n it_o be_v impossible_a ever_o to_o gain_v any_o good_a out-fall_a through_o those_o washes_n either_o for_o the_o river_n of_o wisbidge_n sheir-drain_n or_o spalding_n river_n as_o for_o the_o noble_a and_o honourable_a adventurer_n i_o shall_v say_v little_a only_o assure_v they_o that_o this_o design_n and_o way_n of_o draining_n this_o great_a level_n be_v perfect_v the_o great_a level_n will_v be_v perfect_o drain_v off_o whereby_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o maintain_v two_o or_o three_o hundred_o mile_n in_o bank_v already_o make_v will_v be_v take_v off_o which_o be_v of_o no_o far_a use_n will_v be_v of_o no_o far_a charge_n neither_o be_v they_o free_v from_o this_o charge_n alone_o but_o from_o the_o charge_n of_o many_o of_o their_o sluice_n and_o soss_n useless_a as_o that_o of_o well-creek_n and_o that_o upon_o owse_n at_o saltors_n load_n and_o those_o work_n at_o ely_n which_o will_v become_v as_o useless_a as_o the_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o mile_n of_o bank_v and_o in_o fine_a it_o may_v be_v believe_v that_o six_o penny_n the_o acre_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la will_v maintain_v the_o charge_n of_o uphold_v the_o work_n and_o procure_v a_o stock_n if_o the_o beforementioned_a work_n be_v once_o sufficient_o effect_v for_o there_o will_v be_v no_o need_n of_o repair_v of_o bank_n any_o more_o the_o benefit_n which_o will_v arise_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n will_v be_v very_o considerable_a in_o be_v free_v from_o all_o danger_n of_o be_v drown_v any_o more_o that_o they_o may_v free_o plough_v and_o sow_v build_v and_o plant_v and_o then_o there_o will_v be_v no_o fear_n of_o the_o want_n of_o water_n in_o the_o summer_n for_o themselves_o or_o cattle_n and_o which_o will_v be_v very_o considerable_a be_v the_o navigation_n to_o almost_o every_o small_a town_n in_o this_o level_n especial_o if_o their_o intercommon_n be_v divide_v inter-common_a which_o will_v be_v a_o great_a benefit_n both_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o tenant_n but_o in_o all_o these_o navigable_a cut_n avoid_v bank_n and_o then_o these_o cut_n and_o division_n dikes_n may_v be_v do_v at_o a_o small_a charge_n have_v a_o care_n to_o carry_v your_o lead_n drain_v into_o their_o proper_a outfalls_a of_o bedford_n river_n great_a owse_n and_o morton_n leam_fw-la i_o shall_v not_o deviat_v from_o my_o present_a discourse_n if_o i_o tell_v you_o that_o by_o my_o observation_n abroad_o both_o in_o my_o youth_n and_o age_n i_o gain_v some_o experience_n to_o serve_v my_o native_a country_n and_o that_o one_o province_n of_o holland_n holland_n i_o compute_v to_o be_v equal_o as_o large_a as_o this_o great_a level_n and_o
i_o do_v very_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v one_o hundred_o time_n more_o money_n expend_v in_o this_o province_n in_o river_n sluice_n soss_n and_o bridge_n then_o can_v be_v needful_a in_o this_o great_a level_n of_o the_o fen_n they_o the_o province_n of_o south_n and_o north_n holland_n freizland_n and_o gronning_a admit_v of_o no_o tide_n or_o river_n from_o the_o sea_n to_o run_v into_o they_o only_a south_n holland_n admit_v of_o the_o river_n maze_n to_o run_v to_o meet_v the_o river_n rhyne_n yet_o this_o holland_n run_v her_o water_n into_o the_o river_n maze_n by_o substantial_a sluice_n and_o navigable_a soss_n as_o i_o have_v see_v at_o mazelandt_n ulerdine_n skeydam_n delfts-haven_n and_o at_o rotterdam_n all_o these_o play_n into_o the_o river_n maze_n which_o run_v by_o the_o brill_n to_o dort_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o this_o province_n be_v harlem_n mare_n by_o sluice_n and_o soss_n at_o amsterdam_n there_o be_v many_o at_o myden_n nardam_n all_o these_o run_v into_o the_o zuyder_n sea_n and_o yet_o those_o sluice_n and_o those_o upon_o the_o river_n maze_n have_v not_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o ebb_n to_o run_v at_o north_n holland_n upon_o the_o zuyder_n sea_n have_v its_o sluice_n to_o run_v at_o sardam_n at_o monkenden_n horn_n ancusen_n and_o middle-bleak_a and_o they_o have_v not_o above_o a_o quarter_n ebb_v to_o run_v at_o though_o they_o force_v their_o water_n into_o those_o lead_a river_n by_o costly_a mill_n and_o in_o this_o north_n holland_n much_o of_o their_o rich_a ground_n where_o they_o make_v their_o best_a cheese_n lie_v under_o the_o low_a water_n mark_n at_o sea_n mill_n at_o least_o six_o or_o seven_o foot_n as_o the_o bempster_n the_o skermer_n and_o the_o wart_n etc._n etc._n they_o be_v all_o drain_v by_o a_o multitude_n of_o mill_n each_o mill_n cost_v near_o six_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_a in_o the_o skermer_n i_o have_v see_v four_o mill_n foot_n one_o stand_v four_o foot_n high_o than_o the_o other_o and_o they_o have_v work_v one_o to_o another_o till_o they_o have_v bring_v the_o water_n sixteen_o foot_n high_a to_o run_v into_o the_o drain_v which_o lead_v to_o the_o sea_n freizland_n and_o gronning_n province_n from_o campen_n in_o gilderland_n to_o dam_n in_o gronning_n be_v all_o drain_v by_o soss_n and_o sluice_n to_o seaward_o the_o length_n of_o those_o three_o province_n be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o mile_n along_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v no_o river_n run_v into_o they_o from_o the_o sea_n i_o do_v observe_v in_o all_o those_o part_n of_o the_o netherlands_o where_o i_o have_v be_v they_o do_v not_o admit_v the_o sea_n to_o flow_v into_o any_o of_o their_o province_n sluice_n but_o keep_v it_o out_o by_o their_o sluice_n and_o soss_n so_o far_o as_o art_n and_o cost_n will_v promise_v they_o security_n these_o work_n of_o they_o will_v confirm_v all_o rational_a person_n that_o if_o they_o have_v but_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o ebb_n to_o run_v at_o and_o lie_v dry_a what_o can_v be_v say_v against_o a_o sluice_n and_o navigable_a soss_n at_o german-bridge_n more_o upon_o old_a owse_n and_o new_a nean_n which_o have_v half_o the_o ebb_n but_o in_o a_o flood_n more_o because_o the_o fresh_n do_v rise_v one_o foot_n within_o the_o sluice_n for_o two_o foot_n the_o tide_n rise_v against_o the_o sluice_n without_o to_o seaward_o i_o hope_v the_o experience_n we_o all_o have_v of_o holland_n owse_fw-mi the_o north-side_n of_o wisbidge_n with_o that_o of_o marsland_n all_o of_o they_o lie_v below_o the_o fen_n of_o the_o great_a level_n five_o or_o six_o foot_n yet_o drain_v themselves_o into_o great_a owse_n and_o the_o sea_n neither_o be_v the_o benefit_n inconsiderable_a which_o holland_n the_o north-side_n of_o wisbidge_n and_o marsland_n will_v receive_v by_o this_o design_n as_o for_o hollaud_v secure_v all_o that_o bank_n call_v south_n ea_z bank_n from_o dowesdale_n to_o clowes-cross_n be_v eight_o mile_n which_o be_v believe_v former_o to_o have_v be_v a_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la charge_n will_v be_v secure_v the_o north-side_n of_o wisbidge_n will_v by_o this_o mean_n save_o the_o repair_n of_o that_o bank_n from_o clowes-cross_n to_o guyheirn_n and_o part_n of_o the_o bank_n upon_o wisbidge_n river_n which_o former_o cost_v much_o money_n but_o the_o great_a benefit_n this_o north-side_n of_o wisbidge_n will_v receive_v mary_n be_v the_o perfect_a draining_n of_o all_o that_o flat_a and_o low_a country_n for_o which_o they_o of_o the_o north-side_n of_o wisbidge_n and_o tid_n st._n mary_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n do_v contract_n for_o the_o give_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o land_n for_o the_o draining_n thereof_o now_o as_o for_o marsland_n their_o benefit_n will_v be_v the_o great_a for_o this_o work_n be_v do_v they_o save_v the_o charge_n of_o repair_v all_o those_o bank_n from_o germans-bride_n upward_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n owse_fw-mi marsland_n to_o saltor_n load_v which_o be_v eight_o mile_n and_o all_o those_o bank_n call_v new_a and_o old_a po_n dike_n which_o by_o their_o confession_n cost_v they_o yearly_o 1600l_o and_o withal_o they_o recover_v hereby_o the_o great_a common_a belong_v to_o the_o seven_o town_n in_o marsland_n and_o the_o common_a also_o call_v the_o smee_n smee_n for_o which_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o land_n be_v offer_v to_o those_o which_o shall_v undertake_v the_o draining_n of_o it_o as_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v and_o another_o considerable_a benefit_n be_v they_o will_v constant_o have_v fresh_a water_n out_o of_o the_o river_n from_o wisbidge_n to_o german-bridge_n and_o the_o bank_n lie_v upon_o the_o west_n of_o marsland_n upon_o the_o washes_n marsland_n near_o fifteen_o mile_n in_o length_n it_o cost_v much_o money_n and_o many_o time_n in_o danger_n of_o break_v be_v hereby_o secure_v the_o washes_n or_o salt_n marsh_n be_v gain_v from_o the_o sea_n which_o will_v be_v effect_v in_o a_o short_a time_n if_o this_o work_n be_v perform_v it_o be_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o corporation_n to_o drain_n the_o great_a common_a in_o marsland_n belong_v to_o the_o seven_o town_n charge_n contain_v five_o thousand_o acre_n with_o the_o common_a call_v the_o smee_n contain_v about_o fifteen_o hundred_o acre_n likewise_o the_o draining_n of_o the_o north-side_n of_o wisbidge_n contain_v twelve_o thousand_o acre_n also_o all_o those_o ground_n in_o holland_n belong_v to_o gedney_n drive_v chapple_n holbidge_n fleet_n st._n james_n tid_n st._n mary_n which_o be_v report_v to_o i_o to_o contain_v eight_o thousand_o acre_n of_o drown_v land_n and_o if_o the_o corporation_n please_v they_o may_v drain_n all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o queen_n manor_n in_o croyland_n call_v posant_a which_o will_v be_v rich_a ground_n if_o once_o drain_v and_o contain_v in_o it_o seven_o thousand_o acre_n six_o whereof_o belong_v to_o the_o queen_n william_n dodson_n finis_fw-la answer_n to_o the_o several_a objection_n against_o this_o my_o design_n since_o the_o delivery_n of_o it_o to_o the_o honourable_a corporation_n first_o object_n it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o place_n that_o i_o intend_v to_o set_v the_o great_a sluice_n upon_o which_o be_v near_o magdalen_n be_v a_o quicksand_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v answ_n that_o the_o place_n i_o have_v design_v to_o set_v the_o great_a sluice_n upon_o be_v no_o quicksand_n but_o a_o firm_a and_o solid_a clay_n as_o the_o place_n where_o magdalen_n bridge_n stand_v or_o the_o sluice_n at_o saltors_n load_n or_o well-creek_n and_o this_o be_v at_o a_o easy_a charge_n make_v appear_v to_o they_o that_o doubt_v by_o sink_v the_o place_n twelve_o foot_n where_o they_o will_v find_v what_o i_o have_v assert_v in_o my_o design_n to_o be_v truth_n second_o object_n it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o river_n be_v deep_a there_o and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o set_v a_o sluice_n in_o the_o river_n it_o be_v never_o intend_v to_o set_v this_o sluice_n and_o soss_n in_o the_o river_n answ_n for_o that_o be_v great_a folly_n to_o undertake_v but_o this_o sluice_n be_v set_v near_o the_o river_n of_o owse_n and_o so_o cut_v into_o the_o river_n and_o although_o the_o river_n be_v as_o deep_a again_o as_o it_o be_v it_o be_v all_o one_o for_o i_o set_v not_o the_o sole_a of_o the_o sluice_n two_o foot_n below_o the_o channel_n as_o it_o be_v pretend_v but_o i_o set_v it_o two_o foot_n below_o the_o sole_a of_o the_o river_n or_o low_a water_n mark_v and_o therefore_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o river_n be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o i_o by_o be_v so_o deep_a but_o contrary_a a_o great_a advantage_n and_o of_o much_o benefit_n to_o carry_v away_o the_o fresh_n three_o object_n it_o be_v object_v that_o if_o a_o sluice_n shall_v be_v set_v there_o that_o
the_o flux_n of_o the_o tide_n from_o sea_n be_v admit_v to_o flow_v up_o old_a owse_n bedford_n river_n and_o morton_n leam_fw-la that_o the_o bank_n that_o be_v make_v and_o to_o be_v make_v in_o order_n to_o this_o design_n can_v secure_v the_o level_n from_o inundation_n or_o drown_v my_o reason_n be_v as_o follow_v first_o reason_n the_o tide_n flow_v up_o the_o river_n of_o owse_n and_o wisbidge_n have_v be_v the_o destruction_n of_o all_o those_o undertake_n for_o the_o draining_n of_o the_o great_a level_n the_o reason_n be_v plain_a the_o spring_n tide_n at_o german_n rise_v twenty_o foot_n from_o low_a water_n mark_v and_o at_o wisbidge_n it_o rise_v fourteen_o foot_n at_o least_o above_o low_a water_n mark_v run_v to_o sea_n now_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o tide_n from_o sea_n flow_v so_o high_a within_o our_o level_n obstruct_v the_o fresh_n in_o their_o current_n to_o sea_n and_o not_o only_o that_o but_o bear_v our_o fresh_n back_o as_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v that_o 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object_n answ_n 2._o object_n answ_n 3._o object_n answ_n 4._o object_n answ_n 5._o object_n answ_n 1._o reason_n 2._o reason_n 6._o object_n answ_n 7._o object_n answ_n 8._o object_n answ_n ☞_o 9_o object_n answ_n 10._o object_n answ_n 11._o object_n answ_n 1._o object_n 1_o reason_n 2._o reason_n 3._o reason_n 4._o reason_n 2._o object_n 3._o object_n 4._o object_n