henry_n the_o second_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n have_v less_o reason_n to_o bend_v his_o power_n towards_o the_o conquest_n of_o this_o land_n which_o be_v give_v in_o perpetuity_n to_o the_o lord_n john_n his_o brother_n and_o therefore_o go_v he_o in_o person_n to_o the_o holy_a war_n by_o which_o journey_n and_o his_o captivity_n in_o austria_n and_o the_o heavy_a ransom_n that_o he_o pay_v for_o his_o liberty_n he_o be_v hinder_v and_o utter_o disable_v to_o pursue_v any_o so_o great_a a_o action_n as_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n and_o after_o his_o delivery_n and_o return_n hardly_o be_v he_o able_a to_o maintain_v a_o frontier_n war_n in_o normandy_n where_o by_o hard_a fortune_n he_o lose_v his_o life_n king_n john_n his_o brother_n john_n have_v great_a reason_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n of_o ireland_n because_o the_o lordship_n thereof_o be_v the_o portion_n of_o his_o inheritance_n give_v unto_o he_o when_o he_o be_v call_v john_n sans-terre_n therefore_o he_o make_v two_o journey_n thither_o one_o when_o he_o be_v earl_n of_o morton_n and_o very_o young_a about_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n the_o other_o when_o he_o be_v king_n in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o the_o the_o first_o his_o own_o youth_n and_o his_o youthful_a company_n roboam_v counsellor_n make_v he_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o that_o his_o father_n have_v win_v but_o in_o the_o latter_a he_o show_v a_o resolution_n to_o recover_v the_o entire_a kingdom_n in_o take_v the_o submission_n of_o all_o the_o irishry_n and_o settle_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o english_a and_o giving_z order_n for_o the_o build_n of_o many_o castle_n and_o fort_n whereof_o some_o remain_n until_o this_o day_n but_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n by_o a_o defeasible_a title_n so_o as_o he_o be_v never_o well_o settle_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n which_o draw_v he_o the_o soon_o back_o out_o of_o ireland_n into_o england_n where_o short_o after_o he_o fall_v into_o such_o trouble_n and_o distress_n the_o clergy_n curse_v he_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o baron_n rebel_a against_o he_o on_o the_o other_o as_o he_o become_v so_o far_o unable_a to_o return_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n as_o beside_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o territory_n in_o france_n he_o do_v in_o a_o manner_n lose_v both_o the_o kingdom_n for_o he_o surrender_v both_o to_o the_o pope_n and_o take_v they_o back_o again_o to_o hold_v in_o fee-farm_n which_o bring_v he_o into_o such_o hatred_n at_o home_n and_o such_o contempt_n abroad_o as_o all_o his_o life_n time_n after_o he_o be_v possess_v rather_o with_o fear_n of_o lose_v his_o head_n than_o with_o hope_n of_o reduce_v the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n during_o the_o infancy_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o 3_o the_o baron_n be_v trouble_v in_o expel_v the_o french_a who_o they_o have_v draw_v in_o against_o king_n john_n but_o this_o prince_n be_v no_o soon_o come_v to_o his_o majority_n but_o the_o baron_n raise_v a_o long_a and_o cruel_a war_n against_o he_o into_o these_o trouble_a water_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n do_v cast_v their_o net_n and_o draw_v away_o all_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o their_o provision_n and_o infinite_a exaction_n whereby_o the_o kingdom_n be_v so_o impoverish_v as_o the_o king_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o feed_v his_o own_o household_n and_o train_n much_o less_o to_o nourish_v army_n for_o the_o conquest_n of_o foreign_a kingdom_n and_o albeit_o he_o have_v give_v this_o land_n to_o the_o lord_n edward_n his_o elder_a son_n yet_o can_v not_o that_o worthy_a prince_n ever_o find_v mean_n or_o opportunity_n to_o visit_v this_o kingdom_n in_o person_n for_o from_o the_o time_n he_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n he_o serve_v continual_o against_o the_o baron_n by_o who_o he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o lewes_n and_o when_o that_o rebellion_n be_v appease_v he_o make_v a_o journey_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n a_o employment_n which_o in_o those_o day_n divert_v all_o christian_a prince_n from_o perform_v any_o great_a action_n in_o europe_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v return_v when_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n descend_v upon_o he_o 1._o this_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o be_v a_o prince_n adorn_v with_o all_o virtue_n do_v in_o the_o manage_n of_o his_o affair_n show_v himself_o a_o right_n good_a husband_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o a_o lordship_n ill_o husband_v do_v first_o enclose_v and_o manure_v his_o demesne_n near_o his_o principal_a house_n before_o he_o do_v improve_v his_o waste_n afar_o off_o therefore_o he_o begin_v first_o to_o establish_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n by_o make_v many_o excellent_a law_n and_o institute_v the_o form_n of_o public_a justice_n which_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n next_o he_o full_o subdue_v and_o reduce_v the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n then_o by_o his_o power_n and_o authority_n he_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n and_o last_o he_o send_v a_o royal_a army_n into_o cascoigne_n to_o recover_v the_o duchy_n of_o aquitain_n these_o four_o great_a action_n do_v take_v up_o all_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o prince_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v not_o in_o any_o record_n that_o this_o king_n transmit_v any_o force_n into_o ireland_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o find_v it_o record_v both_o in_o the_o annal_n dublin_n and_o in_o the_o pipe-roll_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o three_o several_a army_n be_v raise_v of_o the_o king_n subject_n in_o ireland_n camden_n and_o transport_v one_o into_o scotland_n another_o into_o wales_n and_o the_o three_o into_o cascoigne_n and_o that_o several_a aid_n be_v levy_v here_o for_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o those_o army_n the_o son_n and_o successor_n of_o this_o excellent_a prince_n 2._o be_v edward_n the_o second_o who_o much_o against_o his_o will_n send_v one_o small_a army_n into_o ireland_n not_o with_o a_o purpose_n to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n but_o to_o guard_v the_o person_n of_o his_o minion_n piers_n gaveston_n who_o be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n be_v make_v lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n that_o so_o his_o exile_n may_v seem_v more_o honourable_a he_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v here_o but_o he_o make_v a_o journey_n into_o the_o mountain_n of_o dublin_n brake_n and_o subdue_v the_o rebel_n there_o camden_n build_v newcastle_n in_o the_o birnes_n country_n and_o repair_v castlekevin_n and_o after_o pass_v up_o into_o monster_n and_o thomond_n dublin_n perform_v every_o where_o great_a service_n with_o much_o virtue_n and_o valour_n but_o the_o king_n who_o can_v not_o live_v without_o he_o revoke_v he_o within_o less_o than_o a_o year_n after_o which_o time_n the_o invasion_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o rebellion_n of_o the_o baron_n do_v not_o only_o disable_v this_o king_n to_o be_v a_o conqueror_n but_o deprive_v he_o both_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o life_n and_o when_o the_o scottish_a nation_n have_v overrun_v all_o this_o land_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o edw._n le_fw-fr bruce_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o ireland_n england_n be_v not_o then_o able_a to_o send_v either_o man_n or_o money_n to_o save_v this_o kingdom_n clinn_n only_o roger_n de_fw-fr mortimer_n then_o justice_n of_o ireland_n arrive_v at_o youghall_n cum_fw-la 38._o milit_fw-la say_v friar_n clinn_n in_o his_o annal_n but_o bremingham_n verdon_n stapleton_n and_o some_o other_o private_a gentleman_n rose_z out_o with_o the_o commons_o of_o meth_n and_o vriel_n and_o at_o fagher_n near_o dondalke_n a_o fatal_a place_n to_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n overthrow_v a_o potent_a army_n of_o they_o et_fw-la sic_fw-la say_v the_o red_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n dublin_n wherein_o the_o victory_n be_v brief_o record_v per_fw-la manus_fw-la communis_fw-la populi_fw-la &_o dextram_fw-la dei_fw-la deliberatur_fw-la populus_fw-la dei_fw-la a_o servitute_fw-la machinata_fw-la &_o praecogitata_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 3._o the_o impediment_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n be_v so_o notorious_a as_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o express_v they_o to_o wit_n the_o war_n which_o the_o king_n have_v with_o the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n and_o of_o france_n but_o especial_o the_o war_n of_o france_n which_o be_v almost_o continual_a for_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o year_n and_o indeed_o france_n be_v a_o fair_a mark_n to_o shoot_v at_o than_o ireland_n and_o can_v better_o reward_v the_o conqueror_n beside_o it_o be_v a_o inheritance_n new_o descend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o bend_v all_o his_o power_n and_o spend_v all_o his_o time_n and_o treasure_n in_o the_o recovery_n thereof_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o edward_n the_o three_o send_v no_o army_n into_o ireland_n till_o the_o 36._o year_n of_o his_o
enemy_n for_o a_o time_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o 6._o and_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n after_o the_o lieutenant_n and_o deputy_n make_v only_o a_o border_a war_n upon_o the_o irish_a with_o small_a and_o scatter_a force_n howbeit_o because_o there_o come_v no_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n the_o poor_a english_a subject_n do_v bear_v the_o burden_n of_o the_o man_n of_o war_n in_o every_o place_n and_o be_v thereby_o so_o weaken_v and_o impoverish_v as_o the_o state_n of_o thing_n in_o ireland_n stand_v very_o desperate_o whereupon_o the_o cardinal_n of_o winchester_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o humphrey_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n do_v whole_o sway_v the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v desirous_a to_o place_v the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n in_o the_o regency_n of_o france_n service_n take_v occasion_n to_o remove_v richard_n duke_n of_o york_n from_o that_o government_n and_o to_o send_v he_o into_o ireland_n pretend_v that_o he_o be_v a_o most_o able_a and_o willing_a person_n to_o perform_v service_n there_o because_o he_o have_v a_o great_a inheritance_n of_o his_o own_o in_o ireland_n namely_o the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n and_o the_o lordship_n of_o conaght_n and_o meth_n by_o descent_n from_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o this_o great_a lord_n come_v over_o with_o any_o number_n of_o wage_v soldier_n but_o it_o appear_v upon_o what_o good_a term_n he_o take_v that_o government_n by_o the_o covenant_n between_o the_o king_n and_o he_o which_o be_v record_v and_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o ireland_n dublin_n and_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n 1._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n for_o ten_o year_n 2._o that_o to_o support_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o country_n he_o shall_v receive_v all_o the_o king_n revenue_n there_o both_o certain_a and_o casual_a without_o account_n 3._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v supply_v also_o with_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o shall_v have_v four_o thousand_o mark_n for_o the_o first_o year_n whereof_o he_o shall_v be_v impre_v 2000_o li._n before_o hand_n and_o for_o the_o other_o nine_o year_n he_o shall_v receive_v 2000_o li._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 4._o that_o he_o may_v let_v to_o ferm_n the_o king_n land_n and_o place_n and_o dis-place_n all_o officer_n at_o his_o pleasure_n 5._o that_o he_o may_v levy_v and_o wage_v what_o number_n of_o man_n he_o think_v fit_a 6._o that_o he_o may_v make_v a_o deputy_n and_o return_v at_o his_o pleasure_n we_o can_v presume_v that_o this_o prince_n keep_v any_o great_a army_n on_o foot_n as_o well_o because_o his_o mean_n out_o of_o england_n be_v so_o mean_v and_o those_o ill_n pay_v as_o appear_v by_o his_o passionate_a letter_n write_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n his_o brother_n in_o law_n six_o the_o copy_n whereof_o be_v register_v in_o the_o story_n of_o this_o time_n as_o also_o because_o the_o whole_a land_n except_o the_o english_a pale_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n upon_o the_o seacoast_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o irish_a so_o as_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o be_v to_o receive_v dâ—d_v amount_v to_o little_a he_o keep_v the_o border_n and_o march_n of_o the_o pale_a with_o much_o ado_n he_o hold_v many_o parliament_n wherein_o sundry_a law_n be_v make_v for_o erect_v of_o castle_n in_o louth_n meath_z and_o kildare_n to_o stop_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o irishry_n and_o because_o the_o soldier_n for_o want_n of_o pay_n be_v sess_v and_o lay_v upon_o the_o subject_n against_o their_o will_n upon_o the_o prayer_n and_o importunity_n of_o the_o commons_o this_o extortion_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v high-treason_n dublin_n but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o some_o mean_n may_v be_v raise_v to_o nourish_v some_o force_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o pale_a by_o another_o act_n of_o parliament_n every_o twenty_o pound_n land_n be_v charge_v with_o the_o furnish_n and_o maintenance_n of_o one_o archer_n on_o horseback_n beside_o the_o native_a subject_n of_o ireland_n see_v the_o kingdom_n utter_o ruin_v 20._o do_v pass_v in_o such_o number_n into_o england_n as_o one_o law_n be_v make_v in_o england_n to_o transmit_v they_o back_o again_o and_o another_o law_n make_v here_o to_o stop_v their_o passage_n in_o every_o port_n and_o creek_n finglas_n yet_o afterward_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o meth_n pass_v over_o into_o england_n and_o be_v slay_v with_o he_o at_o wakefield_n in_o yorkshire_n last_o the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v so_o far_o from_o send_v a_o army_n to_o subdue_v the_o irish_a at_o this_o time_n as_o among_o the_o article_n of_o grievance_n exhibit_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n against_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o this_o be_v one_o 6._o that_o divers_a lord_n about_o the_o king_n have_v cause_v his_o highness_n to_o write_v letter_n unto_o some_o of_o his_o irish_a enemy_n whereby_o they_o be_v encourage_v to_o attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o say_v land_n which_o letter_n the_o same_o irish_a enemy_n have_v send_v unto_o the_o duke_n marvail_v great_o that_o such_o letter_n shall_v be_v send_v unto_o they_o and_o speak_v therein_o great_a shame_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n after_o this_o when_o this_o great_a lord_n be_v return_v into_o england_n and_o make_v claim_n to_o the_o crown_n begin_v the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o two_o house_n it_o can_v he_o conceive_v but_o that_o the_o kingdom_n fall_v into_o a_o worse_a and_o weak_a estate_n 4._o when_o edward_n the_o four_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n he_o make_v his_o brother_n george_n duke_n of_o clarence_n lieutenant_z of_o ireland_n this_o prince_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n during_o the_o government_n of_o his_o father_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n yet_o do_v he_o never_o pass_v over_o into_o this_o kingdom_n to_o govern_v it_o in_o person_n though_o he_o hold_v the_o lieutenancy_n many_o year_n but_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o do_v not_o pay_v any_o army_n in_o ireland_n during_o his_o reign_n but_o the_o man_n of_o war_n do_v pay_v themselves_o by_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o country_n 4._o which_o extortion_n grow_v so_o excesssive_a and_o intolerable_a mâ—rus_n as_o the_o lord_n tiptoft_n be_v deputy_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o clarence_n be_v enforce_v to_o execute_v the_o law_n upon_o the_o great_a earl_n in_o the_o kingdom_n namely_o desmond_n who_o lose_v his_o head_n at_o droghedagh_n for_o this_o offence_n howbeit_o ireland_n that_o the_o state_n may_v not_o seem_v utter_o to_o neglect_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o pale_a there_o be_v a_o fraternity_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n call_v the_o brotherhood_n of_o st._n george_n erect_v by_o parliament_n the_o 14._o of_o edward_n the_o four_o consist_v of_o thirteen_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o worthy_a person_n within_o the_o four_o shire_n dublin_n of_o the_o first_o foundation_n be_v thomas_n earl_n of_o kildare_n sir_n rowland_n eustace_n lord_n of_o portl_a and_o sir_n robert_n eustace_n for_o the_o county_n of_o kildare_n robert_n lord_n of_o howth_n the_o mayor_n of_o dublin_n and_o sir_n robert_n dowdal_n for_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n the_o viscount_n of_o gormanston_n edward_n plunket_n senesha_n i_o of_o meth_n alexander_n plunket_n and_o barnaby_n barnewale_v for_o the_o county_n of_o meth_n the_o mayor_n of_o droghedagh_o sir_n laurence_n taaffe_n and_o richard_n bellewe_v for_o the_o county_n of_o lowth_n these_o and_o their_o successor_n be_v to_o meet_v yearly_a upon_o st._n george_n day_n and_o to_o choose_v one_o of_o themselves_o to_o be_v captain_n of_o that_o brotherhood_n for_o the_o next_o year_n to_o come_v which_o captain_n shall_v have_v at_o his_o command_n 120._o archer_n on_o horseback_n forty_o horseman_n and_o forty_o page_n to_o suppress_v outlaw_n and_o rebel_n the_o wage_n of_o every_o archer_n shall_v be_v six_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la and_o every_o horseman_n five_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la and_o four_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o to_o pay_v these_o entertainment_n and_o to_o maintain_v this_o new_a fraternity_n there_o be_v grant_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o same_o act_n of_o parliament_n a_o subsidy_n of_o poundage_n out_o of_o all_o marchandize_v export_v or_o import_v throughout_o the_o realm_n hide_n and_o the_o good_n of_o freeman_n of_o dublin_n and_o droghedah_n only_o except_v these_o 200._o man_n be_v all_o the_o stand_a force_n that_o be_v then_o maintain_v in_o ireland_n and_o as_o they_o be_v native_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o the_o kingdom_n itself_o do_v pay_v their_o wage_n without_o expect_v any_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n 7._o but_o now_o the_o war_n of_o lancaster_n
all_o their_o controversy_n in_o conaght_n the_o archbishop_n of_o tuam_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o clonfert_n captain_n wakeley_n &_o captain_n ovington_n in_o munster_n the_o bishop_n of_o waterford_n the_o bishop_n of_o cork_n and_o ross_n the_o mayor_n of_o cork_n and_o mayor_n of_o youghal_o in_o ulster_n the_o archbishop_n of_o ardmagh_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o lowth_n and_o if_o any_o difference_n do_v arise_v which_o they_o can_v not_o end_v either_o for_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o for_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o party_n they_o be_v to_o certify_v the_o lord_n deputy_n &_o council_n who_o will_v decide_v the_o matter_n by_o their_o authority_n hereupon_o the_o irish_a captain_n of_o lesser_a territory_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v oppress_v by_o the_o great_a and_o mighty_a some_o with_o rise_n out_o other_o with_o bonaght_n and_o other_o with_o cut_n and_o spend_n at_o pleasure_n do_v appeal_v for_o justice_n to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n who_o upon_o hear_v their_o complaint_n do_v always_o order_n that_o they_o shall_v all_o immediate_o depend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o that_o the_o weak_a shall_v have_v no_o dependency_n upon_o the_o strong_a last_o he_o prevail_v so_o much_o with_o the_o great_a of_o they_o namely_o o_o neal_n o_o brien_n and_o mac_n william_n as_o that_o they_o willing_o do_v pass_v into_o england_n and_o present_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n who_o thereupon_o be_v please_v to_o advance_v they_o to_o the_o degree_n and_o honour_n of_o earl_n and_o to_o grant_v unto_o they_o their_o several_a country_n by_o letters-patent_n beside_o that_o they_o may_v learn_v obedience_n and_o civility_n of_o manner_n by_o often_o repair_v unto_o the_o state_n the_o king_n upon_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o same_o deputy_n give_v each_o of_o they_o a_o house_n and_o land_n near_o dublin_n for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o their_o several_a train_n this_o course_n do_v this_o governor_n take_v to_o reform_v the_o irishry_n but_o withal_o he_o do_v not_o omit_v to_o advance_v both_o the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o king_n for_o in_o the_o parliament_n which_o he_o hold_v the_o 33_o of_o hen._n the_o eight_o he_o cause_v a_o act_n to_o pass_v which_o give_v unto_o k._n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n the_o name_n style_n and_o title_n of_o king_n of_o ireland_n whereas_o before_o that_o time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v style_v but_o lord_n of_o ireland_n albeit_o indeed_o they_o be_v absolute_a monarch_n thereof_o and_o have_v in_o right_a all_o royal_a and_o imperial_a jurisdiction_n and_o power_n there_o as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o yet_o because_o in_o the_o vulgar_a conceit_n the_o name_n of_o king_n be_v high_a than_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n assure_o the_o assume_v of_o this_o title_n have_v not_o a_o little_a raise_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o this_o people_n last_o this_o deputy_n bring_v a_o great_a augmentation_n to_o the_o king_n revenue_n by_o dissolve_v of_o all_o the_o monastery_n and_o religious_a house_n in_o ireland_n which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o same_o parliament_n and_o afterward_o by_o procure_v min_n and_o cavendish_n two_o skilful_a auditor_n to_o be_v send_v over_o out_o of_o england_n who_o take_v a_o exact_a survey_n of_o all_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o bring_v many_o thing_n into_o charge_n which_o have_v be_v conceal_v and_o substract_v for_o many_o year_n before_o and_o thus_o far_o do_v sir_n anthony_n saint_n leger_n proceed_v in_o the_o course_n of_o reformation_n which_o though_o it_o be_v a_o good_a beginning_n yet_o be_v it_o far_o from_o reduce_v ireland_n to_o the_o perfect_a obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o all_o this_o while_n the_o province_n of_o conaght_n and_o ulster_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o leinster_n be_v not_o reduce_v to_o shire-ground_n and_o though_o munster_n be_v ancient_o divide_v into_o county_n the_o people_n be_v so_o degenerate_a as_o no_o justice_n of_o assize_n dare_v execute_v his_o commission_n among_o they_o none_o of_o the_o irish_a lord_n or_o tenant_n be_v settle_v in_o their_o possession_n by_o any_o grant_n or_o confirmation_n from_o the_o crown_n except_o the_o three_o great_a earl_n before_o name_v who_o notwithstanding_o do_v govern_v their_o tenant_n and_o follower_n by_o the_o irish_a or_o brehon_n law_n so_o as_o no_o treason_n murder_n rape_n or_o theft_n commit_v in_o those_o country_n be_v inquire_v of_o or_o punish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o consequent_o no_o escheat_n forfeiture_n or_o fine_a no_o revenue_n certain_a or_o casual_a do_v accrue_v to_o the_o crown_n out_o of_o those_o province_n the_o next_o worthy_a governor_n that_o endeavour_v to_o advance_v this_o reformation_n mariae_fw-la be_v thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n who_o have_v thorough_o break_v and_o subdue_v the_o two_o most_o rebellious_a and_o powerful_a irish_a sept_n in_o leinster_n namely_o the_o moor_n and_o o_o connors_n possess_v the_o territory_n of_o leix_n and_o offaly_n do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 3._o and_o 4._o phil._n and_o mariae_fw-la reduce_v those_o country_n into_o two_o several_a county_n name_v the_o one_o the_o king_n and_o the_o other_o the_o queen_n county_n which_o be_v the_o first_o two_o county_n that_o have_v be_v make_v in_o this_o kingdom_n since_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o king_n john_n at_o what_o time_n the_o territory_n then_o possess_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n be_v reduce_v into_o twelve_o shire_n as_o be_v before_o express_v this_o noble_a earl_n have_v thus_o extend_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o english_a law_n into_o two_o county_n more_o be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o that_o addition_n but_o take_v a_o resolution_n to_o divide_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o irish_a country_n un-reduced_n into_o several_a shire_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o cause_v a_o act_n to_o pass_v in_o the_o same_o parliament_n authorise_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o award_v commission_n to_o such_o person_n as_o the_o lord_n deputy_n shall_v nominate_v and_o appoint_v to_o view_v and_o perambulate_v those_o irish_a territory_n and_o thereupon_o to_o divide_v and_o limit_v the_o same_o into_o such_o and_o so_o many_o several_a county_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v meet_a which_o be_v certify_v to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o approve_v by_o he_o shall_v be_v return_v and_o enroll_v in_o the_o chancery_n and_o from_o thenceforth_o be_v of_o like_a force_n and_o effect_n as_o if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n thus_o do_v the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n lay_v open_a a_o passage_n for_o the_o civil_a government_n into_o the_o unreformed_a part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o himself_o proceed_v no_o further_a than_o be_v before_o delare_v howbeit_o afterward_o elizabeth_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n sir_n henry_n sidney_n who_o have_v leave_v behind_o he_o many_o monument_n of_o a_o good_a governor_n in_o this_o land_n do_v not_o only_o pursue_v that_o course_n which_o the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n begin_v in_o reduce_v the_o irish_a country_n into_o shire_n and_o place_v therein_o sheriff_n and_o other_o minister_n of_o the_o law_n for_o first_o he_o make_v the_o annaly_n a_o territory_n in_o leinster_n possess_v by_o the_o sept_n of_o offerralles_n one_o entire_a shire_n by_o itself_o and_o call_v it_o the_o county_n of_o longford_n and_o after_o that_o he_o divide_v the_o whole_a province_n of_o conaght_n into_o six_o county_n more_o namely_o clare_n which_o contain_v all_o thomond_n gallaway_n sligo_n mayo_n roscomon_n and_o leytrim_n but_o he_o also_o have_v cause_v divers_a good_a law_n to_o be_v make_v and_o perform_v sundry_a other_o service_n tend_v great_o to_o the_o reformation_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o first_o to_o diminish_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o irish_a lord_n and_o to_o take_v from_o they_o the_o dependency_n of_o the_o common_a people_n in_o the_o parliament_n which_o he_o hold_v 11._o eliz._n he_o do_v abolish_v their_o pretend_a and_o usurp_a captainship_n and_o all_o exaction_n and_o extortion_n incident_a thereunto_o next_o to_o settle_v their_o signory_n and_o possession_n in_o a_o course_n of_o inheritance_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n he_o cause_v a_o act_n to_o pass_v whereby_o the_o lord_n deputy_n be_v authorise_v to_o accept_v their_o surrender_n and_o to_o regrant_a estate_n unto_o they_o to_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n by_o english_a tenor_n and_o service_n again_o because_o the_o inferior_a sort_n be_v loose_a and_o poor_a and_o not_o amesuable_a to_o the_o law_n he_o provide_v by_o another_o act_n that_o five_o of_o the_o best_a and_o elder_a person_n of_o every_o sept_n shall_v bring_v in_o all_o the_o idle_a person_n of_o their_o surname_n to_o be_v justify_v by_o the_o law_n moreover_o
the_o obtain_n of_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n thereof_o the_o king_n refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o war_n himself_o to_o avoid_v the_o charge_n as_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o indies_n for_o the_o same_o cause_n but_o he_o give_v licence_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n cambrensis_fw-la that_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n may_v pass_v over_o into_o ireland_n as_o will_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n become_v adventurer_n in_o that_o enterprise_n gentleman_n so_o as_o the_o first_o attempt_n to_o conquer_v this_o kingdom_n be_v but_o a_o adventure_n of_o a_o few_o private_a gentleman_n fitz-stephen_n and_o fitz-gerald_n first_o break_v the_o ice_n with_o a_o party_n of_o three_o hundred_o ninety_o man_n the_o earl_n strongbow_n follow_v they_o with_o twelve_o hundred_o more_o who_o good_a success_n upon_o the_o seacoast_n of_o leinster_n and_o monster_n draw_v over_o the_o king_n in_o person_n the_o next_o year_n after_o cum_fw-la quingentis_fw-la militibus_fw-la over_o as_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la report_v who_o be_v present_a in_o ireland_n at_o that_o time_n which_o if_o they_o be_v but_o five_o hundred_o soldier_n seem_v too_o small_a a_o train_n for_o so_o great_a a_o prince_n but_o admit_v they_o be_v five_o hundred_o knight_n yet_o because_o in_o those_o day_n every_o knight_n be_v not_o a_o commander_n of_o a_o regiment_n or_o company_n west_n but_o most_o of_o they_o serve_v as_o private_a man_n sometime_o a_o hundred_o knight_n under_o a_o spear_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o list_n of_o the_o ancient_a army_n we_o can_v conjecture_v his_o army_n to_o have_v be_v so_o great_a as_o may_v suffice_v to_o conquer_v all_o ireland_n be_v divide_v into_o so_o many_o principality_n and_o have_v so_o many_o hydra_n head_n as_o it_o have_v at_o that_o time_n for_o albeit_o tacitus_n in_o the_o life_n of_o agricola_n do_v report_n that_o agricola_n have_v subdue_v the_o great_a part_n of_o great_a britain_n do_v signify_v to_o the_o senate_n of_o rome_n that_o he_o think_v ireland_n may_v also_o be_v conquer_v with_o one_o legion_n and_o a_o few_o aid_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o if_o he_o have_v attempt_v the_o conquest_n thereof_o with_o a_o far_o great_a army_n he_o will_v have_v find_v himself_o deceive_v in_o this_o conjecture_n for_o a_o barbarous_a country_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o conquer_v as_o a_o civil_a whereof_o caesar_n have_v experience_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o gauge_n german_n and_o britain_n who_o be_v subdue_v to_o the_o roman_a empire_n with_o far_o great_a difficulty_n than_o the_o rich_a kingdom_n of_o asia_n and_o again_o a_o country_n possess_v with_o many_o petty_a lord_n and_o state_n be_v not_o so_o soon_o bring_v under_o entire_o as_o a_o entire_a kingdom_n govern_v by_o one_o prince_n or_o monarch_n and_o therefore_o the_o late_a king_n of_o spain_n can_v soon_o win_v the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n than_o reduce_v the_o state_n of_o the_o low-countries_n ireland_n but_o let_v we_o see_v the_o success_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o doubtless_o his_o expedition_n be_v such_o as_o he_o may_v have_v say_v with_o caesar_n veni_fw-la vidi_fw-la vici_fw-la for_o upon_o his_o first_o arrival_n his_o very_a presence_n without_o draw_v his_o sword_n prevail_v so_o much_o as_o all_o the_o petty-king_n or_o great_a lord_n within_o leinster_n conaght_n and_o monster_n submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o promise_v to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n and_o acknowledge_v he_o their_o chief_a and_o sovereign_a lord_n beside_o the_o better_a to_o assure_v this_o inconstant_a sea-nymph_n who_o be_v so_o easy_o win_v the_o pope_n will_v needs_o give_v she_o unto_o he_o with_o a_o ring_n conjugio_fw-la jungam_fw-la stabili_fw-la propriamque_fw-la dicabo_fw-la but_o as_o the_o conquest_n be_v but_o slight_a and_o superficial_a so_o the_o pope_n donation_n and_o the_o irish_a submission_n be_v but_o weak_a and_o fickle_a assurance_n for_o as_o the_o pope_n have_v no_o more_o interest_n in_o this_o kingdom_n than_o he_o which_o offer_v to_o christ_n all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o the_o irish_a pretend_v that_o by_o their_o law_n a_o tanist_n may_v do_v no_o act_n that_o may_v bind_v his_o successor_n but_o this_o be_v the_o best_a assurance_n he_o can_v get_v from_o so_o many_o strong_a nation_n of_o people_n with_o so_o weak_a a_o power_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v so_o well_o please_v with_o this_o title_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o ireland_n as_o he_o place_v it_o in_o his_o royal_a style_n before_o the_o dutchy_n of_o normandy_n and_o aquitain_n and_o so_o be_v advertise_v of_o some_o stir_v raise_v by_o his_o unnatural_a son_n in_o england_n within_o five_o month_n after_o his_o first_o arrival_n he_o depart_v out_o of_o ireland_n without_o strike_v one_o blow_n or_o build_v one_o castle_n or_o plant_v one_o garrison_n among_o the_o irish_a neither_o leave_v he_o behind_o he_o one_o true_a subject_n more_o than_o those_o he_o find_v there_o at_o his_o come_n over_o which_o be_v only_o the_o english_a adventurer_n speak_v of_o before_o who_o have_v gain_v the_o port_n town_n in_o leinster_n and_o monster_n and_o possess_v some_o scope_n of_o land_n thereunto_o adjoin_v partly_o by_o strongbow_n alliance_n with_o the_o lord_n of_o leinster_n and_o partly_o by_o plain_a invasion_n and_o conquest_n and_o this_o be_v that_o conquest_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o so_o much_o speak_v of_o by_o so_o many_o writer_n which_o though_o it_o be_v in_o no_o other_o manner_n than_o be_v before_o express_v yet_o be_v the_o entire_a conquest_n of_o all_o ireland_n attribute_v unto_o he_o but_o the_o troth_n be_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n be_v make_v by_o piece_n and_o piece_n by_o slow_a step_n and_o degree_n and_o by_o several_a attempt_n in_o several_a age_n there_o be_v sundry_a revolution_n as_o well_o of_o the_o english_a fortune_n as_o of_o the_o irish_a somewhiles_a one_o prevail_v somewhiles_a the_o other_o and_o it_o be_v never_o bring_v to_o a_o full_a period_n till_o his_o majesty_n that_o now_o be_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o for_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o he_o be_v far_o from_o obtain_v that_o monarchy_n royal_a and_o true_a sovereignty_n which_o his_o majesty_n who_o now_o reign_v have_v over_o the_o irish_a for_o the_o irish_a lord_n do_v only_o promise_v to_o become_v tributary_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o such_o as_o pay_v onâ—y_a tribute_n though_o they_o be_v place_v by_o bodin_n repub._n in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o subjection_n be_v not_o proper_o subject_n but_o sovereign_n for_o though_o they_o be_v less_o and_o inferior_a unto_o the_o prince_n to_o who_o they_o pay_v tribute_n yet_o they_o hold_v all_o other_o point_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o have_v pay_v their_o tribute_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o have_v their_o peace_n they_o be_v quit_v of_o all_o other_o duty_n as_o the_o same_o bodin_n write_v and_o therefore_o though_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o have_v the_o title_n of_o sovereign_a lord_n over_o the_o irish_a yet_o do_v he_o not_o put_v those_o thing_n in_o execution_n which_o be_v the_o true_a mark_n and_o difference_n of_o sovereignty_n for_o to_o give_v law_n unto_o a_o people_n sovereignty_n to_o institute_v magistrate_n and_o officer_n over_o they_o to_o punish_v and_o pardon_v malefactor_n to_o have_v the_o sole_a authority_n of_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n and_o the_o like_a be_v the_o true_a mark_n of_o sovereignty_n which_o k._n henry_n the_o second_o have_v not_o in_o the_o irish_a country_n but_o the_o irish_a lord_n do_v still_o retain_v all_o these_o prerogative_n to_o themselves_o for_o they_o govern_v their_o people_n by_o the_o brehon_n law_n they_o make_v their_o own_o magistrate_n and_o officer_n they_o pardon_v and_o punish_v all_o malefactor_n within_o their_o several_a country_n they_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n one_o with_o another_o without_o controlment_n and_o this_o they_o do_v not_o only_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o but_o afterward_o in_o all_o time_n even_o until_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o it_o appear_v what_o manner_n of_o subject_n these_o irish_a lord_n be_v by_o the_o concord_n make_v between_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o roderick_n o_o connor_n the_o irish_a king_n of_o conaght_n in_o the_o year_n 1175._o 312._o which_o be_v record_v by_o hoveden_n in_o this_o form_n hic_fw-la est_fw-la finis_fw-la &_o concordia_fw-la inter_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la angliae_fw-la henricum_fw-la filium_fw-la imperatricis_fw-la &_o rodoricum_fw-la regem_fw-la conactae_fw-la scilicet_fw-la quod_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la concessit_fw-la predict_v '_o roderigo_n ligeo_fw-la homini_fw-la svo_fw-la ut_fw-la sit_fw-la rex_fw-la sub_fw-la eo_fw-la paratus_fw-la ad_fw-la servitium_fw-la suum_fw-la ut_fw-la homo_fw-la suus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o commission_n whereby_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o make_v william_n
king_n and_o his_o successor_n all_o their_o land_n and_o possession_n which_o they_o hold_v in_o leinster_n and_o take_v with_o they_o only_o their_o movable_a good_n shall_v serve_v he_o in_o his_o war_n against_o his_o other_o rebel_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o the_o king_n shall_v give_v they_o pay_v and_o pension_n during_o their_o life_n and_o bestow_v the_o inheritance_n of_o all_o such_o land_n upon_o they_o as_o they_o shall_v recover_v from_o the_o rebel_n in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o thereupon_o a_o pension_n of_o eighty_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v grant_v to_o art_n '_o mac_n murrogh_n chief_a of_o the_o kavanaghe_n the_o enroulment_n whereof_o i_o find_v in_o the_o white_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n here_o and_o this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o service_n perform_v by_o the_o earl_n marshal_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o commission_n the_o king_n in_o like_a manner_n receive_v the_o submission_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o ulster_n namely_o o_o neal_n o_o hanlon_n mac_n donel_n mac_n mahon_n and_o other_o who_o with_o the_o like_a humility_n and_o ceremony_n do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o the_o king_n own_o person_n the_o word_n of_o o_o neales_n homage_n as_o they_o be_v record_v be_v not_o unfit_a to_o be_v remember_v ego_fw-la nelanus_fw-la oneal_n senior_fw-la tam_fw-la pro_fw-la meipso_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la filiis_fw-la meis_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la natione_fw-la mea_fw-la &_o parentelis_fw-la meis_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la subditis_fw-la meis_fw-la devenio_fw-la ligeus_n homo_fw-la vester_fw-ge etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o indenture_n between_o he_o and_o the_o king_n he_o be_v not_o only_o bind_v to_o remain_v faithful_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o to_o restore_v the_o bonaght_n of_o ulster_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n as_o of_o right_a belong_v to_o that_o earldom_n and_o usurp_v among_o other_o thing_n by_o the_o oneal_n these_o indenture_n and_o submission_n with_o many_o other_o 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england_n with_o much_o honour_n and_o small_a profit_n say_v froissard_n for_o though_o he_o have_v spend_v a_o huge_a mass_n of_o treasure_n in_o transport_v his_o army_n by_o the_o countenance_n whereof_o he_o draw_v on_o their_o submission_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o increase_v his_o revenue_n thereby_o one_o sterling_a pound_n nor_o enlarge_v the_o english_a border_n the_o breadth_n of_o one_o acre_n of_o land_n neither_o do_v he_o extend_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o court_n of_o justice_n one_o foot_n further_o than_o the_o english_a colony_n wherein_o it_o be_v use_v and_o exercise_v before_o beside_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o return_v into_o england_n but_o those_o irish_a lord_n lay_v aside_o their_o mask_n of_o humility_n and_o scorn_v the_o weak_a force_n which_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v behind_o he_o begin_v to_o infest_v the_o border_n in_o defence_n whereof_o the_o lord_n roger_n mortimer_n be_v then_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v slay_v as_o i_o say_v before_o whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v move_v with_o a_o just_a appetite_n of_o revenge_n come_v over_o again_o in_o person_n in_o the_o 22._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n with_o as_o potent_a a_o army_n as_o he_o have_v do_v before_o with_o a_o full_a purpose_n to_o make_v a_o full_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n he_o land_v at_o waterford_n and_o pass_v from_o thence_o to_o dublin_n through_o the_o waste_a country_n of_o the_o murroghe_n kinshelaghe_n cavanaghes_n birnes_n and_o tool_n his_o great_a army_n be_v much_o distress_v for_o want_n of_o victual_n and_o carriage_n so_o as_o he_o perform_v no_o memorable_a thing_n in_o that_o journey_n only_o in_o the_o cavanaghes_n country_n he_o cut_v and_o clear_v the_o pace_n and_o bestow_v the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n upon_o the_o lord_n henry_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n son_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o and_o so_o come_v to_o dublin_n 2._o where_o enter_v into_o counsel_n how_o to_o proceed_v in_o the_o war_n he_o receive_v news_n out_o of_o england_n of_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o banish_a duke_n of_o lancaster_n at_o ravenspurgh_n usurp_v the_o regal_a authority_n and_o arrest_v and_o put_v to_o death_n his_o principal_a officer_n this_o advertisement_n sudden_o break_v off_o the_o king_n purpose_n touch_v the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n in_o ireland_n and_o transport_v he_o into_o england_n where_o short_o after_o he_o end_v both_o his_o reign_n and_o his_o life_n since_o who_o time_n until_o the_o 39_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n there_o be_v never_o any_o army_n send_v â—ver_o of_o a_o competent_a strength_n or_o power_n to_o subdue_v the_o irish_a but_o the_o war_n be_v make_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n only_o to_o defend_v their_o border_n or_o if_o any_o force_n be_v transmit_v over_o they_o be_v send_v only_o to_o suppress_v the_o rebellion_n of_o such_o as_o be_v descend_v of_o english_a race_n and_o not_o to_o enlarge_v our_o dominion_n over_o the_o irish_a during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o 4._o the_o lord_n thomas_n of_o lancaster_n the_o king_n second_o son_n service_n be_v lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n who_o for_o the_o first_o eight_o year_n of_o that_o king_n reign_n make_v the_o lord_n scroop_n and_o other_o his_o deputy_n who_o only_o defend_v the_o march_n with_o force_n levy_v within_o the_o land_n in_o the_o eight_o year_n that_o prince_n come_v over_o in_o person_n with_o a_o small_a retinue_n so_o as_o want_v a_o sufficient_a power_n to_o attempt_v or_o perform_v any_o great_a service_n he_o return_v within_o seven_o month_n after_o into_o england_n yet_o during_o his_o personal_a abode_n there_o he_o be_v hurt_v in_o his_o own_o person_n within_o one_o mile_n of_o dublin_n upon_o a_o encounter_n with_o the_o irish_a enemy_n he_o take_v the_o submission_n of_o o_o birne_n of_o the_o mountain_n mac_n mahon_n and_o o_o rely_v westm_n by_o several_a indenture_n wherein_o o_o birne_n do_v covenant_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v quiet_o enjoy_v the_o manor_n of_o newcastle_n mac_n mahon_n accept_v a_o state_n in_o the_o ferny_n for_o life_n render_v ten_o pound_n a_o year_n and_o o_o rely_v do_v promise_n to_o perform_v such_o duty_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n and_o ulster_n as_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o indenture_n date_v the_o 18._o of_o richard_n the_o second_o 5._o in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n henry_n the_o five_o there_o come_v no_o force_n out_o of_o england_n service_n howbeit_o the_o lord_n furnival_n be_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n make_v a_o martial_a circuit_n or_o journey_n round_o about_o the_o march_n and_o border_n of_o the_o pale_a dublin_n and_o bring_v all_o the_o irish_a to_o the_o king_n peace_n beginning_n with_o the_o birnes_n tooles_n and_o cavanaghes_n on_o the_o south_n and_o so_o pass_v to_o the_o moor_n o_o connors_n and_o o_o foral_n in_o the_o west_n and_o end_v with_o the_o o_o rely_v mac_n mahon_n o_o neales_n and_o o_o hanlon_n in_o the_o north._n he_o have_v power_n to_o make_v they_o seek_v the_o king_n peace_n but_o not_o power_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o the_o obedience_n of_o subject_n yet_o this_o be_v then_o hold_v so_o great_a and_o worthy_a a_o service_n as_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o chief_a gentleman_n of_o the_o pale_a make_v certificate_n thereof_o in_o french_a unto_o the_o king_n be_v then_o in_o france_n which_o i_o have_v see_v record_v in_o the_o white_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n at_o dublin_n howbeit_o his_o army_n be_v so_o ill_o pay_v and_o govern_v as_o the_o english_a suffer_v more_o damage_n by_o the_o sess_z of_o his_o soldier_n for_o now_o that_o monster_n coin_n and_o livery_n which_o the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n have_v for_o a_o time_n abolish_v be_v rise_v again_o from_o hell_n than_o they_o gain_v profit_n or_o security_n by_o abate_v the_o pride_n of_o their_o
sir_n richard_n capel_n prisoner_n with_o divers_a lord_n of_o munster_n be_v then_o in_o his_o company_n in_o the_o year_n 1288._o richard_n bourke_n earl_n of_o ulster_n common_o call_v the_o red_a earl_n pretend_v title_n to_o the_o lordship_n of_o meath_z make_v war_n upon_o sir_n theobald_n de_fw-fr verdun_n and_o besiege_v he_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o athlone_n again_o in_o the_o year_n 1292._o john_n fitz-thomas_n the_o geraldine_n have_v by_o contention_n with_o the_o lord_n vesci_n get_v a_o goodly_a inheritance_n in_o kildare_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n of_o imagination_n say_v the_o story_n as_o he_o fall_v into_o difference_n with_o divers_a great_a nobleman_n and_o among_o many_o other_o with_o richard_n the_o red_a earl_n who_o he_o take_v prisoner_n caâ—_n and_o detain_v he_o in_o castle-ley_n and_o by_o that_o dissension_n the_o english_a on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o irish_a on_o the_o other_o do_v waste_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n after_o in_o the_o year_n 1311._o the_o same_o red_a earl_n come_v to_o besiege_v bonratty_a in_o thomond_n manusc_n which_o be_v then_o hold_v by_o sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n as_o his_o inheritance_n be_v again_o take_v prisoner_n and_o all_o his_o army_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o english_a overthrow_v and_o cut_v in_o piece_n by_o sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n and_o after_o this_o again_o in_o the_o year_n 1327._o most_o of_o the_o great_a house_n be_v band_v one_o against_o another_o viz._n the_o giraldine_n butler_n and_o breminghams_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o bourks_n and_o poers_n on_o the_o other_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o quarrel_n be_v none_o other_o but_o that_o the_o lord_n arnold_n poer_n have_v call_v the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n rhymer_n but_o this_o quarrel_n be_v prosecute_v with_o such_o malice_n and_o violence_n as_o the_o county_n of_o waterford_n and_o kilkenny_n be_v destroy_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n till_o a_o parliament_n be_v call_v of_o purpose_n to_o quiet_a this_o dissension_n short_o after_o the_o lord_n john_n bremingham_n who_o be_v not_o long_o before_o make_v earl_n of_o louth_n for_o that_o noble_a service_n which_o he_o perform_v upon_o the_o scot_n between_o dundalk_n and_o the_o faher_n be_v so_o extreme_o envy_v by_o the_o gernons_n verdon_n and_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_a colony_n plant_v in_o the_o county_n of_o louth_n as_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1329._o they_o do_v most_o wicked_o betray_v and_o murder_v that_o earl_n with_o divers_a principal_a gentleman_n of_o his_o name_n and_o family_n use_v the_o same_o speech_n that_o the_o rebellious_a jew_n be_v say_v to_o use_v in_o the_o gospel_n nolumus_fw-la hunc_fw-la regnare_fw-la super_fw-la nos_fw-la after_o this_o the_o geraldine_n and_o the_o butler_n be_v become_v the_o most_o potent_a family_n in_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o great_a lordship_n of_o leinster_n be_v divide_v among_o coparcener_n who_o heir_n for_o the_o most_o part_n live_v in_o england_n and_o the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n with_o the_o lordship_n of_o meath_z by_o the_o match_n of_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n at_o last_o descend_v upon_o the_o crown_n have_v almost_o a_o continual_a war_n one_o with_o another_o manusc_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o say_v baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n in_o a_o sight_n between_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o desmond_n almost_o all_o the_o townsman_n of_o kilkenny_n be_v slay_v and_o as_o they_o follow_v contrary_a party_n during_o the_o war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n so_o after_o that_o civil_a dissension_n end_v in_o england_n these_o house_n in_o ireland_n continue_v their_o opposition_n and_o feud_n still_o even_o till_o the_o time_n of_o k._n henry_n the_o eight_o when_o by_o the_o marriage_n of_o margaret_n fitz-girald_a to_o the_o earl_n of_o ossory_n the_o house_n of_o kildare_n and_o ormond_n be_v reconcile_v and_o have_v continue_v in_o amity_n ever_o since_o thus_o these_o great_a estate_n and_o royalty_n grant_v to_o the_o english_a lord_n in_o ireland_n beget_v pride_n and_o pride_n beget_v contention_n among_o themselves_o which_o bring_v forth_o divers_a mischief_n that_o do_v not_o only_o disable_v the_o english_a to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o all_o ireland_n but_o do_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o what_o be_v already_o gain_v and_o of_o conqueror_n make_v they_o slave_n to_o that_o nation_n which_o they_o do_v intend_v to_o conquer_v for_o whensoever_o one_o english_a lord_n have_v vanquish_v another_o the_o irish_a wait_v and_o take_v the_o opportunity_n and_o fall_v upon_o that_o country_n which_o have_v receive_v the_o blow_n and_o so_o daily_o recover_v some_o part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n beside_o the_o english_a lord_n to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n do_v ally_v themselves_o with_o the_o irish_a and_o draw_v they_o in_o 4._o to_o dwell_v among_o they_o give_v their_o child_n to_o be_v foster_v by_o they_o and_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o pay_v or_o reward_v they_o suffer_v they_o to_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholders_n dublin_n which_o oppression_n be_v so_o intolerable_a as_o that_o the_o better_a sort_n be_v enforce_v to_o quit_v their_o freehold_n and_o fly_v into_o england_n and_o never_o return_v though_o many_o law_n be_v make_v in_o both_o realm_n to_o remand_v they_o back_o again_o and_o the_o rest_n which_o remain_v become_v degenerate_a and_o mere_a irish_a as_o be_v before_o declare_v and_o the_o english_a lord_n find_v the_o irish_a exaction_n to_o be_v more_o profitable_a than_o the_o english_a rent_n and_o service_n and_o love_v the_o irish_a tyranny_n which_o be_v tie_v to_o no_o rule_n of_o law_n or_o honour_n better_a than_o a_o just_a and_o lawful_a seignory_n do_v reject_v and_o cast_v off_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n receive_v the_o irish_a law_n and_o custom_n take_v irish_a surname_n as_o mac_n william_n manuscript_n mac_n pheris_n mac_n yoris_n refuse_v to_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n authority_n and_o scorn_v to_o obey_v those_o english_a knight_n which_o be_v send_v to_o command_v and_o govern_v this_o kingdom_n namely_o sir_n richard_n capel_n sir_n john_n morris_n sir_n john_n darcy_n and_o sir_n ralph_n vfford_n and_o when_o sir_n anthony_n lucy_n a_o man_n of_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v send_v over_o to_o reform_v the_o notorious_a abuse_n of_o this_o kingdom_n 4._o the_o king_n doubt_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v obey_v direct_v a_o special_a writ_n or_o mandate_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n to_o assist_v he_o and_o afterward_o the_o same_o king_n upon_o good_a advice_n and_o counsel_n resume_v those_o excessive_a grant_n of_o land_n and_o liberty_n in_o ireland_n by_o a_o special_a ordinance_n make_v in_o england_n which_o remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n in_o this_o form_n quia_fw-la plures_fw-la excessivoe_n donationes_fw-la terrarum_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la in_o hibernia_n ad_fw-la subdolam_fw-la machinationem_fw-la petentium_fw-la factae_fw-la sunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n rex_fw-la delusorias_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la machinationes_fw-la volens_fw-la elidere_fw-la 4._o de_fw-la consilio_fw-la peritorum_fw-la sibi_fw-la assistentium_fw-la omnes_fw-la donationes_fw-la terrarum_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la predict_v duxit_fw-la revocandas_fw-la quousque_fw-la de_fw-la meritis_fw-la donatoriorum_fw-la &_o causis_fw-la ac_fw-la qualitatibus_fw-la donationum_fw-la melius_fw-la fuerit_fw-la informat_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la mandatum_fw-la est_fw-la justiciario_n hiberniae_fw-la quod_fw-la seisiri_fw-la faciat_fw-la etc._n etc._n howbeit_o there_o follow_v upon_o this_o resumption_n such_o a_o division_n and_o faction_n between_o the_o english_a of_o birth_n and_o the_o english_a of_o blood_n and_o race_n as_o they_o summon_v and_o hold_v several_a parliament_n apart_o one_o from_o the_o other_o whereupon_o there_o have_v rise_v a_o general_a war_n betwixt_o they_o to_o the_o utter_a extinguish_n of_o the_o english_a name_n and_o nation_n in_o ireland_n if_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n camden_n who_o be_v head_n of_o the_o faction_n against_o the_o english_a of_o birth_n have_v not_o be_v send_v into_o england_n and_o detain_v there_o for_o a_o time_n yet_o afterward_o these_o liberty_n be_v restore_v by_o direction_n out_o of_o england_n the_o 26._o of_o edward_n the_o three_o complaint_n be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o easy_a restitution_n whereunto_o the_o king_n make_v answer_v as_o be_v before_o express_v so_o as_o we_o may_v conclude_v this_o point_n with_o that_o which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o annal_n publish_v by_o master_n camden_n hâ—bernici_n debellati_fw-la &_o consumpti_fw-la fuissent_fw-la nisi_fw-la seditio_fw-la anglicorum_n impedivisseâ—_n whereunto_o i_o may_v add_v this_o note_n that_o though_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o
grant_v of_o extraordinary_a honour_n and_o liberty_n make_v by_o a_o king_n to_o his_o subject_n do_v no_o more_o diminish_v his_o greatness_n than_o when_o one_o torch_n light_v another_o for_o it_o have_v no_o less_o light_n that_o it_o have_v before_o quis_fw-la vetat_fw-la apposito_fw-la lumen_fw-la de_fw-la lumine_fw-la sumi_fw-la yet_o many_o timeâ—_n inconvenience_n do_v arise_v thereupon_o and_o those_o prince_n have_v hold_v up_o their_o sovereignty_n best_o charge_n which_o have_v be_v spare_v in_o those_o grant_n and_o true_o as_o these_o grant_n of_o little_a kingdom_n and_o great_a royalty_n to_o a_o few_o private_a person_n do_v produce_v the_o mischief_n speak_v of_o before_o so_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o make_n of_o these_o grant_n do_v proceed_v from_o this_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v otherwise_o employ_v and_o divert_v do_v not_o make_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n their_o own_o work_n and_o undertake_v it_o not_o royal_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o as_o it_o be_v first_o begin_v by_o particular_a adventurer_n so_o they_o leave_v the_o prosecution_n thereof_o to_o they_o and_o other_o voluntary_n who_o come_v to_o seek_v their_o fortune_n in_o ireland_n wherein_o if_o they_o can_v prevail_v they_o think_v that_o in_o reason_n and_o honour_n they_o can_v do_v no_o less_o than_o make_v they_o proprietor_n of_o such_o scope_n of_o land_n as_o they_o can_v conquer_v people_n and_o plant_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n reserve_v only_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o if_o the_o lion_n have_v go_v to_o hunt_v himself_o the_o share_n of_o the_o inferior_a beast_n have_v not_o be_v so_o great_a if_o the_o invasion_n have_v be_v make_v by_o a_o army_n transmit_v furnish_v and_o supply_v only_o at_o the_o king_n charge_n and_o whole_o pay_v with_o the_o king_n treasure_n as_o the_o army_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o king_n james_n have_v be_v as_o the_o conquest_n have_v be_v soon_o achieve_v so_o the_o serviter_n have_v be_v content_v with_o lesser_a proportion_n for_o when_o scipio_n pompey_n caesar_n and_o other_o general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n as_o subject_n and_o servant_n of_o that_o state_n war_n and_o with_o the_o public_a charge_n have_v conquer_v many_o kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n we_o find_v they_o reward_v with_o honourable_a office_n and_o triumph_n at_o their_o return_n and_o not_o make_v lord_n and_o proprietor_n of_o whole_a province_n and_o kingdom_n which_o they_o have_v subdue_v conqueror_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o rome_n likewise_o when_o the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n have_v conquer_v england_n which_o he_o make_v his_o own_o work_n and_o perform_v it_o in_o his_o own_o person_n he_o distribute_v sundry_a lordship_n and_o manor_n unto_o his_o follower_n but_o give_v not_o away_o whole_a shire_n and_o country_n in_o demean_n to_o any_o of_o his_o servitor_n who_o he_o most_o desire_a to_o advance_v chester_n only_o he_o make_v hugh_n lupus_n county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n and_o give_v that_o earldom_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n to_o hold_v the_o same_o ita_fw-la liberè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la rex_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliam_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la whereby_o that_o earldom_n indeed_o have_v a_o royal_a jurisdiction_n and_o seignory_n though_o the_o land_n of_o that_o county_n in_o demean_n be_v possess_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o the_o ancient_a inheritor_n again_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n marcher_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o many_o of_o our_o english_a lord_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o welshman_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n the_o land_n which_o they_o gain_v they_o hold_v to_o their_o own_o use_n be_v call_v lord_n marcher_n and_o have_v royal_a liberty_n within_o their_o lordship_n howbeit_o these_o particular_a adventurer_n can_v never_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o wales_n but_o when_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o come_v in_o person_n with_o his_o army_n thither_o keep_v his_o residence_n and_o court_n there_o make_v the_o reduce_n of_o wales_n a_o enterprise_n of_o his_o own_o he_o finish_v that_o work_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o whereof_o the_o lord_n marcher_n have_v not_o perform_v a_o three_o part_n with_o their_o continual_a border_a war_n for_o two_o hundred_o year_n before_o and_o withal_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o though_o this_o king_n have_v now_o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n in_o jure_fw-la proprietatis_fw-la as_o the_o statute_n of_o rutland_n affirm_v which_o before_o be_v subject_n unto_o he_o but_o in_o jure_fw-la feodali_fw-la and_o though_o he_o have_v lose_v divers_a principal_a knight_n and_o nobleman_n in_o that_o war_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o reward_v his_o servitor_n with_o whole_a country_n or_o county_n but_o with_o particular_a manor_n and_o lordship_n as_o to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n he_o give_v the_o lordship_n of_o denbigh_n and_o to_o reignold_n grace_n the_o lordship_n of_o ruthen_n and_o so_o to_o other_o and_o if_o the_o like_a course_n have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o win_n and_o distribute_v the_o land_n of_o ireland_n that_o island_n have_v be_v full_o conquer_v before_o the_o continent_n of_o wales_n have_v be_v reduce_v but_o the_o troth_n be_v when_o private_a man_n attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o country_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n common_o their_o erterprise_n do_v perish_v without_o success_n as_o when_o in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n sir_n thomas_z smith_n undertake_v to_o recover_v the_o ardes_fw-la and_o chatterton_n to_o reconquer_v then_o fues_z and_o orier_fw-la the_o one_o lose_v his_o son_n and_o the_o other_o himself_o and_o both_o their_o adventure_n come_v to_o nothing_o and_o as_o for_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n it_o have_v have_v the_o like_a fortune_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o this_o land_n as_o some_o purchaser_n have_v who_o desire_v to_o buy_v land_n at_o too_o easy_a a_o rate_n they_o find_v those_o cheap_a purchase_n so_o full_a of_o trouble_n as_o they_o spend_v twice_o as_o much_o as_o the_o land_n be_v worth_a before_o they_o get_v the_o quiet_a possession_n thereof_o and_o as_o the_o best_a policy_n be_v not_o observe_v in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o conquer_a land_n so_o as_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o first_o adventurer_n intend_v to_o make_v a_o full_a conquest_n of_o the_o irish_a be_v deceive_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o fit_a place_n for_o their_o plantation_n for_o they_o sit_v down_o and_o erect_v their_o castle_n and_o habitation_n in_o the_o plain_n and_o open_a country_n where_o they_o find_v most_o fruitful_a and_o profitable_a land_n and_o turn_v the_o irish_a into_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n which_o as_o they_o be_v proper_a place_n for_o outlaw_n and_o thief_n so_o be_v they_o their_o natural_a castle_n and_o fortification_n thither_o they_o drive_v their_o prey_n and_o stealth_n there_o they_o lurk_v and_o lay_v in_o wait_n to_o do_v mischief_n these_o fast_a place_n they_o keep_v unknown_a by_o make_v the_o way_n and_o entry_n thereunto_o impassable_a there_o they_o keep_v their_o creaght_n or_o herd_n of_o cattle_n live_v by_o the_o milk_n of_o the_o cow_n without_o husbandry_n or_o tillage_n there_o they_o increase_v and_o multiply_v unto_o infinite_a number_n by_o promiscuous_a generation_n among_o themselves_o there_o they_o make_v their_o assembly_n and_o conspiracy_n without_o discovery_n but_o they_o discover_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o english_a dwelling_n in_o the_o open_a plain_n and_o thereupon_o make_v their_o sally_n and_o retreat_n with_o great_a advantage_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o english_a have_v build_v their_o castle_n and_o town_n in_o those_o place_n of_o fastness_n and_o have_v drive_v the_o irish_a into_o the_o plain_n and_o open_a country_n where_o they_o may_v have_v have_v a_o eye_n and_o observation_n upon_o they_o the_o irish_a have_v be_v easy_o keep_v in_o order_n and_o in_o short_a time_n reclaim_v from_o their_o wildeness_n there_o they_o will_v have_v use_v tillage_n dwell_v together_o in_o town-ship_n and_o learned_a mechanical_a art_n and_o science_n the_o wood_n have_v be_v waste_v with_o the_o english_a habitation_n as_o they_o be_v about_o the_o fort_n of_o mariborough_n and_o philipston_n which_o be_v build_v in_o the_o fast_o place_v in_o leinster_n and_o the_o way_n and_o passage_n throughout_o ireland_n will_v have_v be_v as_o clear_v and_o open_a as_o they_o be_v in_o england_n at_o this_o day_n again_o if_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o 3._o who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o king_n that_o conquer_a this_o land_n have_v make_v forest_n in_o ireland_n as_o he_o do_v enlarge_v the_o forest_n in_o england_n for_o it_o appear_v by_o charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n that_o he_o afforre_v many_o wood_n and_o waste_n to_o the_o grievance_n of_o the_o subject_a which_o by_o that_o law_n be_v disaforre_v or_o if_o those_o english_a lord_n
both_o kingdom_n than_o it_o do_v at_o any_o time_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n camden_n then_o do_v the_o state_n of_o england_n send_v over_o john_n de_fw-fr hotham_n to_o be_v treasurer_n here_o with_o commission_n to_o call_v the_o great_a lord_n of_o ireland_n together_o and_o to_o take_v of_o they_o a_o oath_n of_o association_n that_o they_o shall_v loyal_o join_v together_o in_o life_n and_o death_n to_o preserve_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o to_o expel_v the_o common_a enemy_n but_o this_o treasurer_n bring_v neither_o man_n nor_o money_n to_o perform_v this_o service_n at_o that_o time_n though_o richard_n bourk_n earl_n of_o ulster_n common_o call_v the_o red_a earl_n be_v of_o great_a power_n than_o any_o other_o subject_a in_o ireland_n yet_o be_v he_o so_o far_o strike_v in_o year_n as_o that_o he_o be_v unable_a to_o manage_v the_o martial_a affair_n as_o he_o have_v do_v during_o all_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o have_v be_v general_n of_o the_o irish_a force_n not_o only_o in_o this_o kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o war_n of_o scotland_n wales_n and_o gascoign_n scot_n and_o therefore_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n of_o desmond_n be_v then_o the_o most_o active_a noble_a man_n in_o this_o realm_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o chief_a command_n in_o this_o war_n for_o the_o support_n whereof_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o land_n be_v far_o too_o short_a and_o yet_o no_o supply_n of_o treasure_n be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n then_o be_v there_o no_o mean_n to_o maintain_v the_o army_n english_a but_o by_o sess_v the_o soldier_n upon_o the_o subject_a as_o the_o irish_a be_v wont_a to_o impose_v their_o bonaught_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o wicked_a extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n speak_v of_o before_o which_o in_o short_a time_n banish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o freeholders_n out_o of_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n limerirk_n cork_n and_o waterford_n into_o who_o possession_n desmond_n and_o his_o kinsman_n ally_n and_o follower_n which_o be_v then_o more_o irish_a than_o english_a do_v enter_v and_o appropriate_v these_o land_n unto_o themselves_o desmond_n himself_o take_v what_o scope_n he_o best_o like_v for_o his_o demesne_n in_o every_o country_n and_o reserve_v a_o irish_a seignory_n out_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o here_o that_o i_o may_v verify_v and_o maintain_v by_o matter_n of_o record_n that_o which_o be_v before_o deliver_v touch_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o wicked_a extortion_n call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o the_o manifold_a mischief_n it_o do_v produce_v i_o think_v it_o fit_a and_o pertinent_a to_o insert_v the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 10._o of_o henry_n seven_o c._n 4._o not_o print_v but_o record_v in_o parliament_n roll_n of_o dublin_n in_o these_o word_n at_o the_o request_n and_o supplication_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o this_o land_n of_o ireland_n that_o where_o of_o long_a time_n there_o have_v be_v use_v and_o exact_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n many_o and_o divers_a damnable_a custom_n and_o usage_n which_o be_v call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o pay_v that_o be_v horse_n meat_n and_o man_n meat_n for_o the_o find_n of_o their_o horseman_n and_o footman_n and_o over_o that_o 4._o d._n or_o 6._o d._n daily_o to_o every_o of_o they_o to_o be_v have_v and_o pay_v of_o the_o poor_a earth_n tiller_n and_o tenant_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o say_a land_n without_o any_o thing_n do_v or_o pay_v therefore_o beside_o many_o murder_n robbery_n rape_n and_o other_o manifold_a extortion_n and_o oppression_n by_o the_o say_a horseman_n and_o footman_n daily_a and_o nightly_o commit_v and_o do_v which_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o desolation_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o have_v bring_v the_o same_o into_o ruin_n and_o decay_n so_o as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o english_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n of_o this_o land_n be_v depart_v out_o thereof_o some_o into_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o other_o some_o to_o other_o strange_a land_n whereupon_o the_o foresay_a lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n have_v intrude_v into_o the_o say_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n inheritance_n and_o the_o same_o keep_v and_o occupy_v as_o their_o own_o inheritance_n and_o setten_v under_o they_o in_o the_o same_o land_n the_o king_n irish_a enemy_n to_o the_o diminish_n of_o holy_a church_n rite_n the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o obedient_a subject_n and_o the_o utter_a ruin_n and_o desolation_n of_o the_o land_n for_o reformation_n whereof_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v receive_v a_o subsidy_n of_o 26._o s._n 8._o d._n out_o of_o every_o 120._o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n manure_v etc._n etc._n but_o to_o return_v to_o thomas_n fitz-maurice_n of_o desmond_n by_o this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n he_o sudden_o grow_v from_o a_o mean_a to_o a_o mighty_a estate_n insomuch_o as_o the_o baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n affirm_v that_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n be_v not_o one_o thousand_o mark_n yearly_a he_o become_v able_a to_o dispend_v every_o way_n ten_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la these_o possession_n be_v thus_o unlawful_o get_v can_v not_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n which_o will_v have_v restore_v the_o true_a owner_n to_o their_o land_n again_o and_o therefore_o this_o great_a man_n find_v no_o mean_n to_o continue_v and_o uphold_v his_o ill-purchased_n greatness_n but_o by_o reject_v the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n and_o assume_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o the_o barbarous_a custom_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o hereupon_o follow_v the_o defection_n of_o those_o four_o shire_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o munster_n from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v baron_n finglas_n the_o lord_n of_o tipperary_n perceive_v how_o well_o the_o house_n of_o desmond_n have_v thrive_v by_o coin_n and_o livery_n and_o other_o irish_a exaction_n begin_v to_o hold_v the_o like_a course_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n and_o kilkenny_n whereby_o he_o get_v great_a scope_n of_o land_n especial_o in_o ormond_n and_o raise_v many_o irish_a exaction_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholders_n there_o which_o make_v he_o so_o potent_a and_o absolute_a among_o they_o as_o at_o that_o time_n they_o know_v no_o other_o law_n than_o the_o will_n of_o their_o lord_n beside_o find_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n exclude_v the_o ordinary_a minister_n of_o justice_n under_o colour_n of_o a_o royal_a liberty_n which_o he_o claim_v in_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n cork_n and_o waterford_n by_o a_o grant_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o as_o appear_v in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la bring_v against_o he_o anno_fw-la 12._o edw._n 1._o the_o record_n whereof_o remain_v in_o breminghams_n tower_n among_o the_o common_a plea-roll_n there_o this_o lord_n also_o in_o the_o three_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o obtain_v a_o grant_n of_o the_o like_a liberty_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n whereby_o he_o get_v the_o law_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o shut_v out_o the_o common_a law_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o all_o munster_n fall_v away_o from_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n in_o the_o end_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o his_o reign_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o again_o about_o the_o same_o time_n viz._n in_o the_o 20._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o when_o the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v well-nigh_a ruin_v by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o the_o government_n of_o ireland_n utter_o neglect_v there_o arise_v in_o leinster_n one_o of_o the_o cavanaghes_n leinster_n name_v donald_n mac_n art_n who_o name_v himself_o mac_n murrogh_n king_n of_o leinster_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o county_n of_o catherlogh_n and_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o county_n of_o wexford_n and_o short_o after_o lisagh_fw-mi o_fw-mi moor_n call_v himself_o o_o moor_n take_v eight_o castle_n in_o one_o evening_n destroy_v duamase_v the_o principal_a house_n of_o the_o l._n mortimer_n in_o leix_n recover_v that_o whole_a country_n de_fw-fr servo_fw-la dominus_fw-la de_fw-la subjecto_fw-la princeps_fw-la effectus_fw-la say_v friar_n clynn_n in_o his_o annal_n beside_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n imitate_v his_o cousin_n of_o desmond_n do_v not_o omit_v to_o make_v the_o like_a use_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n in_o kildare_n and_o the_o west_n part_n of_o meath_z which_o bring_v the_o like_a barbarism_n into_o those_o part_n and_o thus_o a_o great_a part_n of_o leinster_n be_v lose_v and_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n near_o about_o the_o time_n before_o express_v again_o in_o the_o
work_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n make_v the_o lord_n thomas_n of_o lancaster_n his_o second_o son_n lieutenant_z of_o ireland_n who_o come_v over_o in_o person_n and_o accept_v again_o the_o submission_n of_o divers_a irish_a lord_n and_o captain_n as_o be_v before_o remember_v and_o hold_v also_o a_o parliament_n wherein_o he_o give_v new_a life_n to_o the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n and_o make_v other_o good_a law_n tend_v to_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o trouble_v raise_v against_o the_o king_n his_o father_n in_o england_n draw_v he_o home_o again_o so_o soon_o as_o that_o seed_n of_o reformation_n take_v no_o root_n at_o all_o neither_o have_v his_o service_n in_o that_o kind_n any_o good_a effect_n or_o success_n after_o this_o the_o state_n of_o england_n have_v no_o leisure_n to_o think_v of_o a_o general_a reformation_n in_o this_o realm_n till_o the_o civil_a dissension_n of_o england_n be_v appease_v and_o the_o peace_n of_o that_o kingdom_n settle_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o for_o albeit_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n 6._o richard_n duke_z of_o york_z a_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o valour_n and_o heir_n to_o a_o three_o part_n of_o kingdom_n at_o least_o be_v earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o lord_n of_o conaght_n and_o meath_z be_v send_v the_o king_n lieutenanr_n into_o ireland_n to_o recover_v and_o reform_v that_o realm_n where_o he_o be_v resident_a in_o person_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o ten_o year_n yet_o the_o troth_n be_v he_o aim_v at_o another_o mark_n which_o be_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o he_o think_v it_o no_o policy_n to_o distaste_n either_o the_o english_a or_o irish_a by_o a_o course_n of_o reformation_n but_o seek_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o please_v they_o and_o by_o popular_a course_n to_o steal_v away_o their_o heart_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v strengthen_v his_o party_n when_o he_o shall_v set_v on_o foot_n his_o title_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v which_o policy_n of_o his_o take_v such_o effect_n as_o that_o he_o draw_v over_o with_o he_o into_o england_n the_o flower_n of_o all_o the_o english_a colony_n especial_o of_o ulster_n and_o meath_z whereof_o many_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n be_v slay_v with_o he_o at_o wakefield_n as_o be_v likewise_o before_o remember_v and_o after_o his_o death_n when_o the_o war_n between_o the_o house_n be_v in_o their_o heat_n almost_o all_o the_o good_a english_a blood_n which_o be_v leave_v in_o ireland_n be_v spend_v in_o those_o civil_a dissension_n so_o as_o the_o irish_a become_v victorious_a over_o all_o without_o blood_n or_o sweat_n only_o that_o little_a canton_n of_o land_n call_v the_o english_a pale_a contain_v four_o small_a shire_n do_v maintain_v a_o border_a be_v with_o the_o irish_a and_o retain_v the_o form_n of_o english_a government_n but_o out_o of_o that_o little_a precinct_n there_o be_v no_o lord_n knight_n or_o burgess_n summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n neither_o do_v the_o king_n write_v run_v in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o yet_o upon_o the_o march_n and_o border_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v grow_v so_o large_a as_o they_o take_v up_o half_a dublin_n half_a meath_z and_o a_o three_o part_n of_o kildare_n and_o lowth_n there_o be_v no_o law_n in_o use_n but_o the_o march-law_n which_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n be_v say_v to_o be_v no_o law_n but_o a_o lewd_a custom_n so_o as_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o these_o civil_a war_n in_o england_n the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n be_v well_o nigh_o banish_v out_o of_o ireland_n 7._o so_o as_o no_o foot-step_n or_o print_n be_v leave_v of_o any_o former_a reformation_n then_o do_v king_n henry_n 7._o send_v over_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n to_o be_v his_o deputy_n a_o right_a worthy_a servitor_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n the_o principal_a end_n of_o his_o employment_n be_v to_o expel_v perkin_n warbeck_n out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o that_o service_n be_v perform_v that_o worthy_a deputy_n find_v nothing_o but_o a_o common_a misery_n take_v the_o best_a course_n he_o possible_o can_v to_o establish_v a_o commonwealth_n in_o ireland_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o hold_v a_o parliament_n no_o less_o famous_a than_o that_o of_o kilkenny_n and_o more_o available_a for_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o whereas_o all_o wise_a man_n do_v ever_o concur_v in_o opinion_n that_o the_o ready_a way_n to_o reform_v ireland_n be_v to_o settle_v a_o form_n of_o civil_a government_n there_o conformable_a to_o that_o of_o england_n to_o bring_v this_o to_o pass_v sir_n edward_n poynings_n do_v pass_v a_o act_n whereby_o all_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o england_n before_o that_o time_n be_v enact_v establish_v and_o make_v of_o force_n in_o ireland_n neither_o do_v he_o only_o respect_v the_o time_n past_a but_o provide_v also_o for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v for_o he_o cause_v another_o law_n to_o be_v make_v that_o no_o act_n shall_v be_v propound_v in_o any_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n but_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v first_o transmit_v into_o england_n act._n and_o approve_v by_o the_o king_n and_o council_n there_o as_o good_a and_o expedient_a for_o that_o land_n and_o so_o return_v back_o again_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n this_o act_n though_o it_o seem_v prima_fw-la fancy_n to_o restrain_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o ireland_n yet_o be_v it_o make_v at_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o commons_o upon_o just_a and_o important_a cause_n for_o the_o governor_n of_o that_o realm_n special_o such_o as_o be_v of_o that_o country_n birth_n have_v lay_v many_o oppression_n upon_o the_o commons_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n they_o have_v impose_v law_n upon_o they_o nor_o tend_v to_o the_o general_a good_a but_o to_o serve_v private_a turn_n and_o to_o strengthen_v their_o particular_a faction_n this_o move_v they_o to_o refer_v all_o law_n that_o be_v to_o be_v pass_v in_o ireland_n to_o be_v consider_v correct_v and_o allow_v first_o by_o the_o state_n of_o england_n which_o have_v always_o be_v tender_a and_o careful_a of_o the_o good_a of_o this_o people_n and_o have_v long_o since_o make_v they_o a_o civil_a rich_a and_o happy_a nation_n if_o their_o own_o lord_n and_o governor_n there_o have_v not_o send_v bad_a intelligence_n into_o england_n beside_o this_o he_o take_v special_a order_n that_o the_o summons_n of_o parliament_n shall_v go_v into_o all_o the_o shire_n of_o ireland_n and_o not_o to_o the_o four_o shire_n only_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n special_o he_o cause_v all_o the_o act_n of_o a_o parliament_n late_o before_o hold_v by_o the_o viscount_n of_o gormanston_n to_o be_v repeal_v and_o make_v void_a moreover_o that_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n may_v want_v no_o decent_a or_o honourable_a form_n that_o be_v use_v in_o england_n he_o cause_v a_o particular_a act_n to_o pass_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o ireland_n shall_v appear_v in_o the_o like_a parliament_n robe_n as_o the_o english_a lord_n be_v wont_a to_o wear_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n have_v thus_o establish_v all_o the_o statute_n of_o england_n in_o ireland_n and_o set_v in_o order_n the_o great_a council_n of_o that_o realm_n he_o do_v not_o omit_v to_o pass_v other_o law_n as_o well_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n as_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n to_o advance_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o crown_n first_o he_o obtain_v a_o subsidy_n of_o 26_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n out_o of_o every_o six_o score_n acre_n manure_v payable_a yearly_a for_o five_o year_n next_o he_o resume_v all_o the_o crownland_n which_o have_v be_v alien_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n and_o last_o he_o procure_v a_o subsidy_n of_o pondage_n out_o of_o all_o merchandize_n import_v and_o export_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o perpetuity_n to_o preserve_v the_o public_a peace_n he_o revive_v the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n he_o make_v wilful_a murder_n high-treason_n he_o cause_v the_o marcher_n to_o book_n their_o man_n for_o who_o they_o shall_v answer_v and_o restrain_v the_o make_v war_n or_o peace_n without_o special_a commission_n from_o the_o state_n these_o law_n and_o other_o as_o important_a as_o these_o for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n in_o ireland_n be_v make_v in_o the_o government_n of_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n but_o these_o law_n do_v not_o spread_v their_o virtue_n beyond_o the_o english_a pale_a though_o they_o be_v make_v general_o for_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o the_o province_n without_o the_o pale_a which_o during_o the_o war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n have_v whole_o cast_v off_o the_o the_o english_a government_n be_v not_o apt_a to_o receive_v this_o
make_v themselves_o owner_n of_o all_o by_o force_n be_v now_o by_o the_o law_n reduce_v to_o this_o point_n that_o want_v mean_n to_o defray_v their_o ordinary_a charge_n they_o resort_v ordinary_o to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o make_v petition_n that_o by_o licence_n and_o warrant_n of_o the_o state_n they_o may_v take_v some_o aid_n and_o contribution_n from_o their_o people_n as_o well_o to_o discharge_v their_o former_a debt_n as_o for_o competent_a maintenance_n in_o time_n to_o come_v but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v impatient_a of_o this_o diminution_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n to_o foreign_a country_n whereupon_o we_o may_v well_o observe_v that_o as_o extortion_n do_v banish_v the_o old_a english_a freeholder_n who_o can_v not_o live_v but_o under_o the_o law_n so_o the_o law_n do_v banish_v the_o irish_a lord_n who_o can_v not_o live_v but_o by_o extortion_n again_o these_o circuit_n of_o justice_n do_v upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n more_o terrify_v the_o loose_a and_o idle_a person_n than_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o martial_a law_n though_o it_o be_v more_o quick_a and_o sudden_a and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o do_v so_o clear_a the_o the_o kingdom_n of_o thief_n and_o other_o capital_a offender_n as_o i_o dare_v affirm_v that_o for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o year_n last_o pass_v there_o have_v not_o be_v find_v so_o many_o malefactor_n worthy_a of_o death_n in_o all_o the_o six_o circuit_n of_o this_o realm_n which_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o thirty_o two_o shire_n at_o large_a as_o in_o one_o circuit_n of_o six_o shire_n namely_o the_o western_a circuit_n in_o england_n for_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o irish_a be_v more_o fearful_a to_o offend_v the_o law_n than_o the_o english_a or_o any_o other_o nation_n whatsoever_o again_o whereas_o the_o great_a advantage_n that_o the_o irish_a have_v of_o we_o in_o all_o their_o rebellion_n be_v our_o ignorance_n of_o their_o country_n their_o person_n and_o their_o action_n since_o the_o law_n and_o her_o minister_n have_v have_v a_o passage_n among_o they_o all_o their_o place_n of_o fastness_n have_v be_v discover_v and_o lay_v open_a all_o their_o pace_n clear_v and_o notice_n take_v of_o every_o person_n that_o be_v able_a to_o do_v either_o good_a or_o hurt_n it_o be_v know_v not_o only_a how_o they_o live_v and_o what_o they_o do_v but_o it_o be_v foresee_v what_o they_o purpose_v or_o intend_v to_o do_v insomuch_o as_o tyrone_n have_v be_v hear_v to_o complain_v that_o he_o have_v so_o many_o eye_n watch_v over_o he_o as_o he_o can_v not_o drink_v a_o full_a carouse_n of_o sack_n but_o the_o state_n be_v advertise_v thereof_o within_o few_o hour_n after_o and_o therefore_o those_o allowance_n which_o i_o find_v in_o the_o ancient_a pipe_n roll_n pro_fw-la guidagio_fw-it &_o spiagio_fw-mi may_v be_v well_o spare_v at_o this_o day_n for_o the_o under-sheriff_n and_o bailiff_n errant_a be_v better_a guide_n and_o spy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n than_o any_o be_v find_v in_o the_o time_n of_o war._n moreover_o these_o civil_a assembly_n at_o assize_n and_o session_n have_v reclaim_v the_o irish_a from_o their_o wildness_n cause_v they_o to_o cut_v off_o their_o glib_n and_o long_a hair_n to_o convert_v their_o mantle_n into_o cloak_n to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o england_n in_o all_o their_o behaviour_n and_o outward_a form_n and_o because_o they_o find_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n in_o move_v their_o suit_n by_o a_o interpreter_n they_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n send_v their_o child_n to_o school_n especial_o to_o learn_v the_o english_a language_n so_o as_o we_o may_v conceive_v and_o hope_v that_o the_o next_o generation_n will_v in_o tongue_n and_o heart_n and_o every_o way_n else_o become_v english_a so_o as_o there_o will_v be_v no_o difference_n or_o distinction_n but_o the_o irish_a sea_n betwixt_o we_o and_o thus_o we_o see_v a_o good_a conversion_n and_o the_o irish_a game_n turn_v again_o for_o heretofore_o the_o neglect_n of_o the_o law_n make_v the_o english_a degenerate_a and_o become_v irish_a and_o now_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n do_v make_v the_o irish_a grow_v civil_a and_o become_v english_a last_o these_o general_a session_n now_o do_v teach_v the_o people_n more_o obedience_n and_o keep_v they_o more_o in_o awe_n than_o do_v the_o general_a hostings_n in_o former_a time_n these_o progress_n of_o the_o law_n renew_v and_o confirm_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n every_o half_a year_n and_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o king_n absence_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o that_o every_o judge_n sit_v in_o the_o seat_n of_o justice_n do_v represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o these_o effect_n have_v the_o establishment_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o justice_n produce_v since_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n begin_v howbeit_o english_a it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v a_o common-weal_n in_o ireland_n without_o perform_v another_o service_n which_o be_v the_o settle_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n and_o possession_n as_o well_o of_o irish_a as_o english_z throughout_o the_o kingdom_n for_o although_o that_o in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n a_o special_a law_n be_v make_v which_o do_v enable_v the_o lord_n deputy_n to_o take_v surrender_n and_o regrant_a estate_n unto_o the_o irishry_n upon_o signification_n of_o her_o majesty_n pleasure_n in_o that_o behalf_n yet_o be_v there_o but_o few_o of_o the_o irish_a lord_n that_o make_v offer_v to_o surrender_v during_o her_o reign_n and_o they_o which_o make_v surrenders_n of_o entire_a country_n obtain_v grant_n of_o the_o whole_a again_o to_o themselves_o only_o and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o all_o in_o demesn_a in_o pass_v of_o which_o grant_v there_o be_v no_o care_n take_v of_o the_o inferior_a sept_n of_o people_n inhabit_v and_o possess_v these_o country_n under_o they_o but_o they_o hold_v their_o several_a portion_n in_o course_n of_o tanistry_n and_o gavelkinde_n and_o yield_v the_o same_o irish_a duty_n or_o exaction_n as_o they_o do_v before_o so_o that_o upon_o every_o such_o surrender_n and_o grant_v there_o be_v but_o one_o freeholder_n make_v in_o a_o whole_a country_n which_o be_v the_o lord_n himself_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o tenant_n at_o will_n or_o rather_o tenant_n in_o villeinage_n and_o be_v neither_o fit_a to_o be_v swear_v in_o juries_n nor_o to_o perform_v any_o public_a service_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o their_o estate_n do_v utter_o neglect_v to_o build_v or_o to_o plant_v or_o to_o improve_v the_o land_n and_o therefore_o although_o the_o lord_n be_v become_v the_o king_n tenant_n his_o country_n be_v no_o whit_n reform_v thereby_o but_o remain_v in_o the_o former_a barbarism_n and_o desolation_n again_o in_o the_o same_o queen_n time_n there_o be_v many_o irish_a lord_n which_o do_v not_o surrender_v yet_o obtain_v letters-patent_n of_o the_o captainship_n of_o their_o country_n and_o of_o all_o land_n and_o duty_n belong_v to_o those_o captainship_n for_o the_o statute_n which_o do_v condemn_v and_o abolish_v these_o captainries_a usurp_v by_o the_o irish_a do_v give_v power_n to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n to_o grant_v the_o same_o by_o letter_n patent_n howbeit_o these_o irish_a captain_n and_o likewise_o the_o english_a which_o be_v make_v seneschalle_n of_o the_o irish_a country_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o these_o grant_n and_o under_o pretence_n of_o government_n claim_v a_o irish_a seignory_n and_o exercise_v plain_a tyranny_n over_o the_o common_a people_n and_o this_o be_v the_o fruit_n that_o do_v arise_v of_o the_o letter_n patent_n grant_v of_o the_o irish_a country_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n where_o before_o they_o do_v extort_v and_o oppress_v the_o people_n only_o by_o colour_n of_o a_o lewd_a and_o barbarous_a custom_n they_o do_v afterward_o use_v the_o same_o extortion_n and_o oppression_n by_o warrant_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o now_o execution_n since_o his_o majesty_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n two_o special_a commission_n have_v be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n for_o the_o settle_n and_o quiet_v of_o all_o the_o possession_n in_o ireland_n the_o one_o for_o accept_v surrender_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o degenerate_a english_a and_o for_o regrant_v estate_n unto_o they_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o other_o for_o strengthen_v of_o defective_a title_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o commission_n there_o have_v ever_o be_v have_v a_o special_a care_n to_o settle_v and_o secure_v the_o under-tenant_n to_o the_o end_n there_o may_v be_v a_o repose_n and_o establishment_n of_o every_o subject_n estate_n lord_n and_o tenant_n freeholder_n and_o farmer_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o surrenders_n this_o
11_o hen._n 3._o pat_o m._n 3._o 30_o h._n 3._o pat_o m._n 20_o the_o mere_a irish_a not_o admit_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o mere_a irish_a repute_v alien_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n that_o the_o mere_a irish_a be_v repute_v enemy_n to_o the_o crown_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n stat._n de_fw-fr kilkenny_n c_o 2._o &_o 3.10_o hen._n 6._o c._n 1.28_o hen._n 8_o c._n 13._o the_o irish_a do_v desire_v to_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o benefit_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o english_a law_n but_o can_v not_o obtain_v it_o 2._o ed._n 3._o clau_n 17._o the_o council_n book_n of_o ireland_n 34_o hen_n 8_o what_o mischief_n do_v grow_v by_o not_o communicate_v the_o english_a law_n to_o the_o irish_a what_o good_a will_v have_v ensue_v if_o the_o mere_a irish_a have_v be_v govern_v by_o the_o english_a law_n three_o general_n submissiof_o the_o irish_a the_o english_a law_n be_v execute_v only_o in_o the_o english_a colony_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n statut._n de_fw-fr kilkenny_n c._n 4._o the_o roman_n do_v communicate_v their_o law_n to_o the_o nation_n which_o they_o conquer_v tacitus_n in_o vita_fw-la agricolae_fw-la william_n the_o conqueror_n govern_v both_o the_o norman_n and_o the_o english_a under_o one_o law_n camden_n in_o norfolk_n k._n edw._n 1._o do_v communicate_v the_o english_a law_n to_o the_o welshman_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la l._n 2._o de_fw-fr hibernia_n expugnata_fw-la 2._o the_o land_n conquer_v from_o the_o irish_a be_v not_o well_o distribute_v the_o proportion_n of_o land_n grant_v to_o the_o first_o adventurer_n be_v too_o largeâ—_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la l._n 2._o the_o lâ—â—bernia_n expugnata_fw-la in_o arch._n tur._n 5_o ed._n 3._o escheat_n numero_fw-la 104._o 2_o johan_n chart._n m._n 15._o &_o m._n 38._o 6_o johan_n chart._n m._n 1._o 7_o johan_n chart._n m._n 12._o &_o n._n 109._o 6_o edw._n 1._o chart._n m._n 19.18_o ed._n 1._o m._n 29._o girald_n cambr._n l._n 2._o de_fw-fr hibernia_n expug_n all_o ireland_n distribute_v to_o ten_o person_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 6_o h._n 3._o chart._n m._n 2._o hovend_fw-mi in_o h._n 2._o fol._n 302._o archiu_fw-la tur_fw-la 17_o johan_n chart._n m._n 3._o 6_o johan_n claus_n m._n 18._o matth._n paris_n in_o henry_n the_o third_n 3_o hen._n 3._o the_o liberty_n grant_v to_o the_o first_o adventurer_n be_v too_o great_a eight_o county_n palatine_n in_o ireland_n at_o one_o time_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n in_o archâ—uâ—_n 1â—_n eâ—w_n 3_o 〈…〉_z five_o county_n palatine_n in_o leinster_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n archiu_fw-la tur._n pat_o 3._o e._n 3._o m._n 28._o archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n the_o inconvenience_n which_o grow_v by_o the_o large_a grant_n of_o land_n &_o liberty_n the_o english_a lord_n in_o ireland_n make_v war_n &_o peace_n at_o their_o pleasure_n the_o war_n and_o dissension_n of_o the_o english_a lord_n one_o with_o another_o annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camd._n annal_n hiber_n in_o caâ—_n annales_n johan_n clyn._n manusc_n baron_fw-fr finglas_n manusc_n stat._n 10_o h._n 7._o c._n 4._o rot._n parl._n in_o castro_fw-la dublin_n baron_fw-fr finglas_n manuscript_n archiu_fw-la tur._n 5._o ed._n 3._o clau_n m._n 4._o archiu_fw-la tur_fw-la 15._o ed._n 3._o clau_n m._n 4._o annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n the_o first_o adventurer_n obtain_v these_o liberal_a grant_n because_o the_o king_n of_o england_n dâ—d_v not_o prosecute_v the_o war_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n how_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n reward_v their_o man_n of_o war_n william_n the_o conqueror_n camden_n in_o chester_n wales_n distribute_v to_o the_o l._n marcher_n the_o english_a lord_n do_v not_o reduce_v the_o wood_n and_o waste_n in_o forest_n and_o park_n chart._n the_o forest_n c._n 2._o &_o 3._o the_o english_a colony_n reject_v the_o english_a law_n and_o custom_n and_o embrace_v the_o irish_a the_o nature_n of_o irish_a custom_n the_o irish_a law_n and_o custom_n differ_v from_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o all_o civil_a nation_n the_o irish_a law_n in_o criminal_a cause_n the_o irish_a custom_n of_o tanistry_n the_o irish_a custom_n of_o gavel-kind_n the_o mischief_n that_o arise_v by_o these_o two_o custom_n the_o wicked_a custom_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n the_o mischief_n that_o do_v arise_v by_o coin_n and_o livery_n the_o cause_n of_o idleness_n in_o the_o irish_a why_o the_o irish_a be_v beggar_n in_o foreign_a country_n why_o the_o irish_a be_v repute_v a_o crafty_a people_n why_o the_o irish_a be_v inquisitive_a after_o news_n coshering_n sessing_n cut_n gossipr_v how_o the_o english_a colony_n because_o degenerate_v alb._n libr._n scacc._n dubl_n 5_o ed._n 3._o m._n 25._o when_o &_o how_o the_o english_a colony_n become_v degenerate_a the_o scot_n overrun_v ireland_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n desmond_n chief_a commander_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o scot_n when_o and_o how_o the_o extortion_n of_o coign_n and_o livery_n begin_v among_o the_o english_a the_o rise_a mac_n murrogh_n and_o o_o more_o in_o leinster_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n annales_n johan_n clynne_n manus_fw-la the_o defect_n and_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o leinster_n the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n murder_v annales_n johan_n clynne_n manus_n the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n recover_v by_o the_o irish_a abridgement_n of_o salus_fw-la populi_fw-la mascript_n baron_fw-fr finglas_n manus_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n the_o defection_n of_o conaght_n baron_fw-fr finglas_n manus_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n what_o course_n have_v be_v take_v to_o reform_v this_o kingdom_n since_o the_o english_a colony_n become_v degenerate_a edw._n 2._o k._n edw._n the_o three_o do_v first_o endeavour_v a_o reformation_n archiu_fw-la tur._n 2._o e._n 3â—_n clau_fw-fr per_n 1._o m._n 16._o sir_n anthony_n lucy_n annales_n hiberniâ—_n in_o camden_n resumption_n of_o liberty_n annales_n hiberniae_fw-la in_o camden_n sir_n ralph_n vfford_n annales_n joâ—an_n manus_fw-la clynn_n annale_fw-la hibernâ—_n in_o caâ—deâ—_n maurice_n fitz-thomas_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o desmond_n the_o author_n of_o the_o great_a oppression_n and_o dissension_n which_o destroy_v the_o english_a colony_n the_o fortune_n of_o the_o house_n of_o desmond_n the_o council-book_n of_o ireland_n 32_o h._n 8._o the_o course_n reformation_n pursue_v by_o lioâ—_n duke_n clareâ—_n archiu_fw-la in_o castro_n dublin_n statute_n of_o kilkenny_n c._n 2._o c._n 3._o c._n 4._o c._n 10._o c_o 12._o c._n 13._o c._n 15._o c._n 17._o c._n 22._o c._n 24._o the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n do_v much_o reform_a thâ—_n degenerate_a english_a stat._n 10_o h._n c._n 8._o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n son_n do_v much_o advance_v the_o reformation_n absence_n of_o our_o king_n &_o great_a english_a lord_n a_o chief_a cause_n why_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o reduce_v absent_a of_o oâ—â—_n king_n the_o absence_n of_o the_o great_a english_a lord_n baron_fw-fr finglas_n manusc_n baron_fw-fr finglas_n manusc_n arch_n tur_o â—_o parliâ—_fw-mi n._n 42._o arch_n in_o oâ—_n remâ—_n dublâ—_n act_n of_o absentees_n 28_o h._n 8._o the_o reformation_n intend_v by_o k._n ricâ—_n 2._o archiâ—_n tur._n 3_o rich._n clau_n 3._o riâ—_n 2._o rotâ—_n parlâ—_n 11.42_o 9_o riâ—_n 2._o cl_o walsiham_n â—_o rich_a 349._o plac._n coram_fw-la regâ—_n in_o hibernia_n hillar_n 18._o richâ—_n 2._o the_o reformation_n intâ—â—ded_v by_o hen._n â—_o the_o course_n of_o reformation_n hold_v by_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n hen_n 7._o poynings_n act._n the_o coâ—â—_n booâ—_n irelâ—_n 16_o â—_o the_o reformation_n intend_v by_o the_o l._n leonard_n grace_n 28_o h._n 8._o annalâ—â—_n hiberâ—â—_n manuâ—_n the_o counâ—â—_n bookâ—_n 〈◊〉_d irelaâ—â—_n 2d_o â—â—_o the_o coarse_a reformation_n â—sued_v sir_n aâ—thony_n s._n lâ—_n four_o neraâ—_n submâ—ons_n the_o iâ—_n the_o couâ—_n booâ—_n irelâ—_n 32_o 3â—_n 34_o â—_o the_o and_o genâ—_n eaâ—_n renâ—_n the_o the_o council_n book_n of_o ireland_n 33_o h._n 8._o the_o course_n of_o reformation_n prosecute_v by_o tho._n earl_n of_o sussex_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n liâ—x_n and_o offaly_n make_v two_o county_n 3._o &_o 4._o phil._n &_o mariae_fw-la the_o course_n of_o reformation_n follow_v by_o sir_n henry_n sidney_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n 〈◊〉_d reâ—â—â—matiâ—â—_n advance_v 〈◊〉_d sir_n â—ohn_n perrot_n the_o service_n of_o william_n fitz-williams_n tend_v to_o reformation_n how_o the_o defect_n and_o error_n in_o the_o government_n of_o irel._n have_v be_v supply_v and_o amend_v since_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n error_n â—n_v the_o carriage_n of_o the_o martial_a affair_n amend_v how_o the_o defect_n in_o the_o civil_a government_n have_v be_v supply_v â—_o by_o establish_v the_o public_a peace_n 2_o by_o establish_v the_o public_a justice_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o good_a effect_n which_o follow_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n 3._o the_o settle_n of_o the_o state_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o irishry_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o english_a how_o the_o commission_n for_o surrender_n and_o defective_a title_n have_v be_v pâ—_n in_o execution_n no_o granâ—_n of_o irish_a captainship_n oâ—_n sâ—neschaâ—ships_n since_o â—iâ—_n majesty_n reign_n the_o plantation_n on_o of_o ulster_n
shall_v possess_v after_o his_o death_n for_o that_o as_o solomon_n note_v be_v one_o of_o the_o strange_a vanity_n under_o the_o sun_n and_o thâ—s_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o ulster_n and_o all_o the_o irish_a country_n be_v find_v so_o waste_v and_o desolate_a at_o this_o day_n and_o so_o will_v they_o continue_v till_o the_o world_n end_n if_o these_o custom_n be_v not_o abolish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n again_o that_o irish_a custom_n of_o gavil-kinde_n do_v breed_v another_o mischief_n for_o thereby_o every_o man_n be_v bear_v to_o land_n as_o well_o bastard_n as_o legitimate_a they_o all_o hold_v themselves_o to_o be_v gentleman_n and_o though_o their_o portion_n be_v never_o so_o small_a and_o themselves_o never_o so_o poor_a for_o gavelkinde_n must_v needs_o in_o the_o and_o make_v a_o poor_a gentility_n yet_o do_v they_o scorn_v to_o descend_v to_o husbandry_n or_o merchandise_n or_o to_o learn_v any_o mechanical_a art_n or_o science_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o there_o be_v never_o any_o corporate_a town_n erect_v in_o the_o irish_a country_n as_o for_o the_o maritime_a city_n and_o town_n most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v build_v and_o people_v by_o the_o oostmen_n or_o easterling_n for_o the_o native_n of_o ireland_n never_o perform_v so_o good_a a_o work_n as_o to_o build_v a_o city_n beside_o these_o poor_a gentleman_n be_v so_o affect_v unto_o their_o small_a portion_n of_o land_n as_o they_o rather_o choose_v to_o live_v at_o home_n by_o theft_n extortion_n and_o cosher_z than_o to_o seek_v any_o better_a fortune_n abroad_o which_o increase_v their_o sept_n or_o surname_n into_o such_o number_n as_o theâ—e_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n so_o many_o gentleman_n of_o one_o blood_n family_n and_o surname_n as_o there_o be_v of_o the_o oneal_n in_o ulster_n of_o the_o bourks_n in_o conaght_n of_o the_o geraldineâ—_n and_o butler_n in_o munster_n and_o leinster_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o inferior_a blood_n and_o family_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o time_n of_o trouble_n and_o dissension_n that_o they_o make_v great_a party_n and_o faction_n adhere_v one_o to_o another_o with_o much_o constancy_n because_o they_o be_v tie_v together_o vinculo_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la whereas_o rebel_n and_o malefactor_n which_o be_v tie_v to_o their_o leader_n by_o no_o band_n either_o of_o duty_n or_o blood_n do_v more_o easy_o break_v and_o fall_v off_o one_o from_o another_o and_o beside_o their_o co-habitation_n in_o one_o country_n or_o territory_n give_v they_o opportunity_n sudden_o to_o assemble_v and_o conspire_v and_o rise_v in_o multitude_n against_o the_o crown_n and_o even_o now_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n we_o find_v this_o inconvenience_n that_o there_o can_v hardly_o be_v a_o indifferent_a trial_n have_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o subject_a or_o between_o party_n and_o party_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o general_a kindred_n and_o consanguinity_n but_o the_o most_o wicked_a and_o michievous_a custom_n of_o all_o other_o livery_n be_v that_o of_o coin_n and_o livery_n often_o before_o mention_v which_o consist_v in_o take_v of_o mans-meat_n horse-meat_n and_o money_n of_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n at_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o soldier_n who_o as_o the_o phrase_n of_o scripture_n be_v do_v eat_v up_o the_o people_n as_o it_o be_v bread_n for_o that_o he_o have_v no_o other_o entertainment_n this_o extortion_n be_v original_o irish_a for_o they_o use_v to_o lay_v bonaght_o upon_o their_o people_n and_o never_o give_v their_o soldier_n any_o other_o pay_n livery_n but_o when_o the_o english_a have_v learn_v it_o they_o use_v it_o with_o more_o insolency_n and_o make_v it_o more_o intolerable_a for_o this_o oppression_n be_v not_o temporary_a or_o limit_v either_o to_o place_n or_o time_n but_o because_o there_o be_v every_o where_o a_o continual_a war_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a and_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o country_n and_o every_o marcher_n make_v war_n and_o peace_n at_o his_o pleasure_n it_o become_v universal_a and_o perpetual_a and_o be_v indeed_o the_o most_o heavy_a oppression_n that_o ever_o be_v use_v in_o any_o christian_n or_o heathen_a kingdom_n and_o therefore_o vox_fw-la oppressorum_fw-la this_o cry_a sin_n do_v draw_v down_o as_o great_a or_o great_a plague_n upon_o ireland_n than_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o israelite_n do_v draw_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n for_o the_o plague_n of_o egypt_n though_o they_o be_v grievous_a be_v but_o of_o a_o short_a continuance_n but_o the_o plague_n of_o ireland_n last_v four_o hundred_o year_n together_o this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n do_v produce_v two_o notorious_a effect_n first_o it_o make_v the_o land_n waste_n next_o it_o make_v the_o people_n idle_a for_o irish_a when_o the_o husbandman_n have_v labour_v all_o the_o year_n the_o soldier_n in_o one_o night_n do_v consume_v the_o fruit_n of_o all_o his_o labour_n longique_fw-la perit_fw-la labour_n irrituâ—_n anni_fw-la have_v he_o reason_v then_o to_o manure_v the_o land_n for_o the_o next_o year_n or_o rather_o may_v he_o not_o complain_v as_o the_o shepherd_n in_o virgil_n impius_fw-la haec_fw-la tam_fw-la culta_fw-la novalia_fw-la mile_n habebit_fw-la barbarus_fw-la have_v segetes_fw-la en_fw-fr quo_fw-la discordia_fw-la cives_fw-la perduxit_fw-la miseros_fw-la en_fw-fr queis_fw-la consevimus_fw-la agros_fw-la and_o hereupon_o of_o necessity_n come_v depopulation_n banishment_n and_o extirpation_n of_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o subject_n and_o such_o as_o remain_v become_v idle_a and_o lookeâ—s_v on_o expect_v the_o event_n of_o those_o misery_n and_o eull_a time_n so_o as_o this_o extreme_a extortion_n and_o oppression_n have_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o idleness_n of_o this_o irish_a nation_n country_n and_o that_o rather_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n have_v choose_v to_o be_v beggar_n in_o foreign_a country_n than_o to_o manure_v their_o own_o fruitful_a land_n at_o home_n last_o people_n this_o oppression_n do_v of_o force_n and_o necessity_n make_v the_o irish_a a_o crafty_a people_n for_o such_o as_o be_v oppress_v and_o live_v in_o slavery_n be_v ever_o put_v to_o their_o shift_n ingenium_fw-la mala_fw-la saepe_fw-la movent_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o the_o oâ—d_a comedy_n of_o plantus_fw-la and_o terence_n the_o bondslave_n do_v always_o act_v the_o cunning_a and_o crafty_a part_n beside_o all_o the_o common_a people_n have_v a_o whine_a tune_n or_o accent_n in_o their_o speech_n news_n as_o if_o they_o do_v still_o smart_a or_o suffer_v some_o oppression_n and_o this_o idleness_n together_o with_o fear_n of_o imminent_a mischief_n which_o do_v continual_o hang_v over_o their_o head_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o irish_a be_v ever_o the_o most_o inquisitive_a people_n after_o news_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n as_o s._n paul_n himself_o make_v observation_n upon_o the_o people_n of_o athens_n that_o they_o be_v a_o idle_a people_n and_o do_v nothing_o but_o learn_v and_o tell_v news_n and_o because_o these_o news-carrier_n do_v by_o their_o false_a intelligence_n many_o time_n raise_v trouble_n and_o rebellion_n in_o this_o realm_n the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n do_v punish_v news-teller_n by_o the_o name_n of_o skelaghe_n with_o fine_a and_o ransom_n this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n be_v take_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o man_n of_o war_n but_o their_o irish_a exaction_n extort_a by_o the_o chieftain_n and_o tanist_n by_o colour_n of_o their_o barbarous_a seignory_n be_v almost_o as_o grievous_a a_o burden_n as_o the_o other_o coshering_n namely_o coshering_n which_o be_v visitation_n and_o progress_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o follower_n among_o his_o tenant_n wherein_o he_o do_v eat_v they_o as_o the_o english_a proverb_n be_v out_o of_o house_n and_o home_n sessing_n sessing_n of_o the_o kern_n of_o his_o family_n call_v kernety_n of_o his_o horse_n and_o horse-boy_n of_o his_o dog_n and_o dog-boy_n and_o the_o like_a and_o last_o cut_n cut_n tallage_n or_o spend_n high_a or_o low_o at_o his_o pleasure_n all_o which_o make_v the_o lord_n a_o absolute_a tyrant_n and_o the_o tenant_n a_o very_a slave_n and_o villain_n and_o in_o one_o respect_n more_o miserable_a than_o bondslave_n for_o common_o the_o bondslave_n be_v feed_v by_o his_o lord_n but_o here_o the_o lord_n be_v feed_v by_o his_o bondslave_n last_o there_o be_v two_o other_o custom_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o irishry_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o strong_a combination_n and_o faction_n do_v tend_v to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o one_o be_v foster_a the_o other_o gossipr_v both_o which_o have_v ever_o be_v of_o great_a estimation_n among_o this_o people_n than_o with_o any_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o christian_a world_n for_o foster_a i_o do_v never_o hear_v
or_o read_v that_o it_o be_v in_o that_o use_n or_o reputation_n in_o any_o other_o country_n barbarous_a or_o civil_a as_o it_o have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v in_o ireland_n where_o they_o put_v away_o all_o their_o child_n to_o fosterer_n the_o potent_a and_o rich_a man_n selling_n the_o meaneri_fw-la sort_n buy_v the_o alterage_n of_o their_o child_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o this_o people_n foster_a have_v always_o be_v a_o strong_a alliance_n than_o blood_n and_o the_o foster-children_n do_v love_n and_o be_v belove_v of_o their_o foster-fathers_n and_o their_o sept_n more_o than_o of_o their_o own_o natural_a parent_n and_o kindred_n and_o do_v participate_v of_o their_o mean_n more_o frank_o and_o do_v adhere_v unto_o they_o in_o all_o fortune_n with_o more_o affection_n and_o constancy_n and_o though_o tully_n in_o his_o book_n of_o friendship_n do_v observe_v that_o child_n of_o prince_n be_v sometime_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n for_o save_v of_o their_o life_n deliver_v to_o shepherd_n to_o be_v nourish_v and_o breed_v up_o when_o they_o have_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o great_a fortune_n have_v still_o retain_v their_o love_n and_o affection_n to_o their_o fosterer_n who_o for_o many_o year_n they_o take_v to_o be_v their_o parent_n yet_o this_o be_v a_o rare_a case_n and_o few_o example_n be_v to_o be_v find_v thereof_o but_o such_o a_o general_a custom_n in_o a_o kingdom_n in_o give_v and_o take_v child_n to_o foster_n make_v such_o a_o firm_a alliance_n as_o it_o do_v in_o ireland_n be_v never_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o in_o any_o other_o country_n of_o the_o world_n beside_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o gossipred_a gossipr_v or_o compaternity_n which_o though_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n it_o be_v a_o spiritual_a affinity_n and_o a_o juror_n that_o be_v goship_n to_o either_o of_o the_o party_n may_v in_o former_a time_n have_v be_v challenge_v as_o not_o indifferent_a by_o our_o law_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n under_o the_o sun_n that_o ever_o make_v so_o religious_a account_n thereof_o as_o the_o irish_a now_o these_o two_o custom_n which_o of_o themselves_o be_v indifferent_a in_o other_o kingdom_n become_v exceed_v evil_a and_o full_a of_o mischief_n in_o this_o realm_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o follow_v thereupon_o for_o they_o make_v as_o i_o say_v before_o strong_a party_n and_o faction_n whereby_o the_o great_a man_n be_v enable_v to_o oppress_v their_o inferior_n and_o to_o oppose_v their_o equal_n and_o their_o follower_n be_v bear_v out_o and_o countenance_v in_o all_o their_o lewd_a and_o wicked_a action_n for_o fosterer_n and_o gossip_n by_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o ireland_n be_v to_o maintain_v one_o another_o in_o all_o cause_n lawful_a and_o unlawful_a which_o as_o it_o be_v a_o combination_n and_o confederacy_n punishable_a in_o all_o well-govern_a commonweal_n so_o be_v it_o not_o one_o of_o the_o least_o cause_n of_o the_o common_a misery_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o omit_v their_o common_a repudiation_n of_o their_o wife_n their_o promiscuous_a generation_n of_o child_n their_o neglect_n of_o lawful_a matrimony_n their_o uncleanness_n in_o apparel_n diet_n and_o lodging_n and_o their_o contempt_n and_o scorn_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o civil_a life_n of_o man_n degenerate_v these_o be_v the_o irish_a custom_n which_o the_o english_a colony_n do_v embrace_v and_o use_v after_o they_o have_v reject_v the_o civil_a and_o honourable_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n whereby_o they_o become_v degenerate_a and_o metamorphose_a like_o nabuchadnezzar_n who_o although_o he_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n have_v the_o heart_n of_o a_o beast_n or_o like_o those_o who_o have_v drink_v of_o circe_n cup_n and_o be_v turn_v into_o very_a beast_n and_o yet_o take_v such_o pleasure_n in_o their_o beastly_a manner_n of_o life_n as_o they_o will_v not_o return_v to_o their_o shape_n of_o man_n again_o insomuch_o as_o within_o less_o time_n than_o the_o age_n of_o a_o man_n they_o have_v no_o mark_n or_o difference_n leave_v among_o they_o of_o that_o noble_a nation_n from_o which_o they_o be_v descend_v for_o as_o they_o do_v not_o only_o forget_v the_o english_a language_n and_o scorn_v the_o use_n thereof_o but_o grow_v to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o their_o very_a english_a name_n though_o they_o be_v noble_a and_o of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o take_v irish_a surname_n and_o nickname_n namely_o the_o two_o most_o potent_a family_n of_o the_o bourks_n in_o conaght_n after_o the_o house_n of_o the_o red_a earl_n fail_v of_o heir_n male_n call_v their_o chief_n mac_n william_n fighter_n and_o mac_n william_n oughter_n in_o the_o same_o province_n bremingham_n baron_n of_o athenrie_n call_v himself_o mac_n yoris_fw-la dexecester_n or_o de'exon_n be_v call_v mac_n jordan_n mangle_v or_o de_fw-fr angulo_n take_v the_o name_n of_o mac_n costelo_n of_o the_o inferior_a family_n of_o the_o bourkes_n one_o be_v call_v mac_n hubbard_n another_o mac_n david_n in_o munster_n of_o the_o great_a family_n of_o the_o geraldine_n plant_v there_o one_o be_v call_v mac_n morice_n chief_a of_o the_o house_n of_o lixnaw_n and_o another_o mac_n gibbon_n who_o be_v also_o call_v the_o white_a knight_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o baron_n of_o dunboynes_n house_n who_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o house_n of_o ormond_n take_v the_o surname_n of_o mac_n pheris_n condon_n of_o the_o county_n of_o waterford_n be_v call_v mac_n maioge_n and_o the_o archdeacon_n of_o the_o county_n of_o kilkenny_n mac_n odo_n and_o this_o they_o do_v in_o contempt_n and_o hatred_n of_o the_o english_a name_n and_o nation_n whereof_o these_o degenerate_a family_n become_v more_o mortal_a enemy_n than_o the_o mere_a irish_a and_o whereas_o the_o state_n and_o government_n be_v grow_v weak_a by_o their_o defection_n do_v to_o reduce_v they_o to_o obedience_n grant_v they_o many_o protection_n and_o pardon_n the_o cheapness_n whereof_o in_o all_o age_n have_v bring_v great_a dishonour_n and_o damage_n to_o this_o commonweal_n they_o grow_v so_o ungrateful_a and_o unnatural_a as_o in_o the_o end_n they_o scorn_v that_o gâ—ace_n and_o favour_n because_o the_o acceptance_n thereof_o do_v argue_v they_o to_o be_v subject_n and_o they_o desire_v rather_o to_o be_v account_v enemy_n than_o rebel_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n hereupon_o be_v that_o old_a verse_n make_v dubl_n which_o i_o find_v write_v in_o the_o white_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n in_o a_o hand_n as_o ancient_a as_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o grant_v charter_n of_o pease_n to_o false_a english_a without_o les_fw-fr this_o land_n shall_v be_v mich_z undoo_v but_o gossipr_v and_o alterage_n and_o lose_v of_o our_o language_n have_v micke_o help_v thereto_o and_o therefore_o in_o a_o close_a roll_n in_o the_o tower_n bear_v this_o title_n articuli_fw-la in_o hibernia_n observandi_fw-la we_o find_v these_o two_o article_n among_o other_o 1._o 25._o justiciarius_n hiberniae_fw-la non_fw-la concedat_fw-la perdonationes_fw-la de_fw-la morte_fw-la hominis_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la roberiis_fw-la seu_fw-la incendiis_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la de_fw-la caetero_fw-la certificet_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la de_fw-la nominibus_fw-la petentium_fw-la 2._o item_n quod_fw-la nec_fw-la justiciarius_n nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la magnas_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la concedat_fw-la protectiones_fw-la alicui_fw-la contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la regis_fw-la existent_n etc._n etc._n but_o now_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o look_v back_o and_o consider_v when_o the_o old_a english_a colony_n become_v so_o degenerate_a and_o in_o what_o age_n they_o fall_v away_o into_o that_o irish_a barbarism_n reject_v the_o english_a law_n and_o custom_n degenerate_a assure_o by_o compare_v the_o ancient_a annal_n of_o ireland_n with_o the_o record_n remain_v here_o and_o in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n i_o do_v find_v that_o this_o general_a defection_n fall_v out_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o all_o this_o great_a innovation_n grow_v within_o the_o space_n of_o thirty_o year_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o which_o time_n there_o fall_v out_o divers_a mischievous_a accident_n whereby_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n lose_v ireland_n for_o first_o edward_z de_fw-fr bruce_n invade_v ireland_n with_o the_o scottish_a army_n and_o prevail_v so_o far_o as_o that_o he_o possess_v the_o maritime_a part_n of_o ulster_n march_v up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o dublin_n spoil_v the_o english_a pale_a pass_v through_o leinster_n and_o munster_n as_o far_o as_o limerick_n and_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o at_o what_o time_n the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v weak_a and_o suffer_v more_o dishonour_n in_o