Selected quad for the lemma: country_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
country_n	great_a	king_n	persia_n	1,582	5	10.5277	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B23787	China and France, or, Two treatises the one, of the present state of China as to the government, customs, and manners of the inhabitants thereof ... from the observation of two Jesuites lately returned from that country, written and published by the French Kings cosmographer and now Englished : the other, containing the most remarkable passages of the reign and life of the present French King, Lewis the Fourteenth, and of the valour of our English in his armies.	Magalotti, Lorenzo, conte, 1637-1712. Viaggio del P. Giovanni Grueber tornando per terea da China in Europa. English.; Grueber, Johann, 1623-1680.; Orville, Albert, comte d', 1621-1662.; Thévenot, M. (Melchisédech), 1620?-1692.	1676 (1676)	Wing G2163	63,324	224

china_n and_o france_n or_o two_o treatise_n the_o one_o of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o china_n as_o to_o the_o government_n custom_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o never_o yet_o know_v to_o we_o before_o in_o europe_n from_o the_o observation_n of_o two_o jesuit_n late_o return_v from_o that_o country_n write_a and_o publish_v by_o the_o french_a king_n cosmographer_n and_o now_o english_v the_o other_o contain_v the_o most_o remarkable_a passage_n of_o the_o reign_n and_o life_n of_o the_o present_a french_a king_n lewis_n the_o fourteen_o and_o of_o the_o valour_n of_o our_o english_a in_o his_o army_n london_n print_v by_o t._n n._n for_o samuel_n lowndes_n over_o against_o exeter-house_n in_o the_o strand_n 1676._o the_o present_a state_n of_o china_n on_o the_o thirty_o day_n of_o january_n 1665._o i_o go_v in_o the_o company_n of_o mr._n carlos_n daty_n to_o visit_v father_n john_n grueber_n at_o his_o arrival_n from_o constantinople_n about_o two_o year_n since_o he_o come_v out_o of_o china_n where_o he_o have_v reside_v full_a three_o year_n he_o begin_v his_o pilgrimage_n at_o venice_n where_o he_o take_v ship_v for_o smyrna_n from_o thence_o by_o land_n he_o march_v to_o ormus_n in_o five_o month_n from_o thence_o to_o macao_n in_o seven_o so_o from_o the_o south_n coast_n he_o travel_v to_o the_o north_n through_o the_o large_a empire_n o●_n china_n sometime_o upon_o river_n an●_n commodious_a channel_n and_o sometime_o by_o land_n and_o at_o last_o he_o go●_n safe_a to_o the_o city_n of_o pekin_n in_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o he_o adventure_v t●_n pass_v and_o survey_v a_o country_n whic●_n be_v never_o yet_o see_v before_o by_o any_o i●_n europe_n namely_o the_o unfruitful_a sand_n of_o the_o desert_n of_o tartary_n which_o he_o pass_v over_o in_o three_o day_n and_o come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o a_o inland_a sea_n call_v kokonor_n sea_n kokonor_n in_o ta●tarty_n signify_v great_a sea_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o caspian_a the_o river_n jannus_n that_o run_v through_o china_n with_o a_o strange_a rapidity_n &_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o oriental_a sea_n near_o the_o island_n of_o carea_n have_v here_o its_o source_n this_o river_n be_v the_o deep●st_n and_o large_a of_o all_o that_o country_n afterward_o this_o adventurous_a traveller_n lose_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o ●nter_v further_o into_o the_o land_n into_o the_o province_n of_o toktokai_n which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d barren_a and_o wild_a that_o one_o of_o the_o neighbour_a people_n can_v have_v any_o temptation_n to_o dispossess_v the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n nothing_o be_v there_o remarkable_a but_o only_o some_o few_o disperse_a tent_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o lead_v a_o most_o miserable_a life_n the_o beautiful_a river_n toktokai_n which_o be_v as_o large_a as_o danubinus_n but_o so_o shallow_a that_o any_o man_n on_o horseback_n may_v ford_n it_o over_o in_o the_o deep_a place_n water_v this_o bless_a country_n and_o give_v unto_o it_o a_o name_n from_o hence_o our_o traveller_n pass_v through_o the_o province_n of_o tangut_n which_o be_v very_o populous_a and_o belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o barantola_n he_o visit_v in_o his_o way_n the_o city_n of_o retink_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o barantola_n the_o metropolis_n be_v call_v lassa_n and_o the_o present_a king_n teva_n he_o be_v of_o a_o very_a ancient_a and_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o tartar_n of_o tangut_n his_o ordinary_a residence_n be_v at_o butala_n a_o lofty_a castle_n build_v according_a to_o the_o european_a mode_n upon_o a_o high_a hill_n have_v building_n of_o four_o story_n of_o very_o good_a and_o regular_a workmanship_n the_o court_n of_o this_o prince_n be_v numerous_a and_o his_o attendant_n be_v extreme_a lavish_a in_o their_o apparel_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o of_o embroider_a stuff_n nevertheless_o this_o nation_n be_v general_o very_o sluttish_a and_o unhandsome_a in_o their_o attire_n neither_o man_n nor_o woman_n wear_v line_v next_o to_o their_o skin_n their_o common_a bed_n be_v the_o ground_n their_o ordinary_a food_n be_v raw_a flesh_n and_o they_o be_v not_o so_o scrupulous_a to_o wash_v their_o hand_n or_o face_n but_o they_o appear_v very_o kind_a and_o courteous_a to_o stranger_n their_o woman_n have_v the_o liberty_n to_o walk_v about_o the_o street_n as_o among_o the_o other_o tartar_n but_o their_o other_o custom_n be_v like_a to_o those_o of_o china_n their_o archpriest_n or_o mufty_n be_v call_v lamacongiù_fw-fr who_o they_o reverence_v as_o god_n and_o believe_v to_o be_v relate_v to_o their_o first_o king_n but_o they_o name_v he_o the_o brother_n of_o all_o the_o the_o king_n of_o the_o world_n they_o be_v persuade_v that_o he_o rise_v from_o the_o dead_a as_o often_o as_o he_o die_v and_o that_o this_o man_n have_v already_o rise_v seven_o time_n the_o king_n and_o politician_n of_o that_o country_n labour_n by_o subtle_a mean_n to_o entertain_v the_o common_a people_n in_o this_o strange_a belief_n and_o the_o lamacongiu_n himself_o contribute_v to_o it_o for_o he_o keep_v his_o face_n always_o cover_v and_o suffer_v none_o to_o look_v upon_o it_o but_o such_o as_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o mystery_n the_o nobility_n do_v mighty_o respect_v he_o some_o of_o they_o come_v to_o that_o point_n of_o adoration_n as_o to_o covet_v that_o which_o be_v incredible_a and_o to_o carry_v it_o about_o as_o a_o sacred_a relic_n from_o barantola_fw-la father_n grueber_n travel_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nekpal_a and_o in_o a_o month_n time_n pass_v through_o it_o the_o two_o principal_a town_n be_v catmandir_n and_o patan_n situate_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o river_n opposite_a to_o one_o another_o this_o latter_a be_v a_o young_a prince_n very_o well_o accomplish_v he_o command_v all_o the_o militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o general_n when_o father_n grueber_n be_v there_o he_o be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o great_a army_n march_v against_o a_o neighbour_a king_n call_v varcam_n who_o make_v frequent_a inroad_n to_o spoil_v the_o country_n the_o jesuit_n give_v this_o young_a prince_n a_o prospective_n glass_n through_o which_o he_o cause_v he_o to_o look_v at_o a_o place_n where_o varcam_n army_n lie_v encamp_v he_o find_v it_o so_o nigh_o that_o he_o give_v order_n present_o to_o make_v ready_a and_o prepare_v for_o the_o fight_n for_o he_o perceive_v not_o that_o this_o propinquity_n be_v but_o a_o effect_n of_o the_o glass_n this_o present_a be_v acceptable_a to_o he_o from_o nekpal_a our_o traveller_n go_v in_o five_o day_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o moranga_n where_o he_o can_v see_v no_o city_n but_o only_o small_a house_n cover_v with_o straw_n and_o little_a hut_n one_o appoint_v for_o a_o custom-housse_n the_o king_n of_o moranga_n pay_v a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 250000_o rixdoller_n and_o seven_o elephant_n to_o the_o mogul_n from_o moranga_n he_o travel_v into_o that_o part_n of_o india_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o river_n ganges_n and_o come_v to_o minapor_n the_o metropolis_n of_o that_o country_n where_o he_o pass_v over_o that_o river_n which_o be_v twice_o as_o big_a as_o the_o danubius_n from_o thence_o he_o go_v to_o patan_n and_o from_o that_o city_n in_o five_o and_o twenty_o day_n to_o agra_n the_o royal_a city_n of_o that_o part_n of_o india_n which_o be_v on_o this_o side_n ganges_n from_o thence_o to_o laor_n in_o fourteen_o day_n this_o city_n be_v build_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n ravi_n which_o be_v as_o large_a as_o danubius_n it_o run_v into_o india_n near_o m●ltaia_n there_o he_o take_v boat_n and_o be_v carry_v down_o the_o river_n in_o forty_o day_n to_o tata_n the_o utmost_a city_n of_o indostan_n the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o that_o country_n his_o name_n be_v laskarkan_n there_o he_o meet_v with_o many_o english_a and_o dutch_a merchant_n from_o this_o place_n he_o sail_v to_o ormuz_v by_o sea_n from_o ormuz_n he_o go_v to_o persia_n afterward_o he_o return_v back_o to_o smyrna_n where_o he_o take_v ship_v and_o arrive_v safe_a at_o messina_n from_o thence_o he_o go_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o receive_v a_o express_a command_n to_o go_v back_o again_o to_o china_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o travel_v into_o germany_n and_o polonia_n hope_v to_o find_v another_o way_n through_o muscovia_n by_o the_o emperor_n procurement_n he_o have_v get_v passport_n from_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n and_o muscovia_n but_o when_o he_o be_v so_o far_o on_o his_o way_n as_o the_o border_n of_o muscovia_n he_o understand_v that_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v a_o conjunction_n of_o their_o force_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o attempt_v upon_o the_o duke_n of_o muscovia_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o be_v divert_v in_o his_o passage_n to_o musco_n for_o

case_n every_o one_o shall_v refuse_v to_o die_v and_o none_o will_v be_v willing_a to_o wait_v upon_o the_o prince_n soul_n they_o force_v such_o as_o he_o take_v most_o delight_n in_o and_o his_o dear_a servant_n to_o depart_v and_o follow_v after_o he_o i_o inquire_v next_o in_o what_o do_v the_o king_n revenue_n chief_o consist_v he_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o field_n and_o country_n do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o peasant_n who_o out_o of_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o fruit_n pay_v about_o the_o ten_o part_n to_o the_o king_n and_o another_o part_n to_o the_o mandarin_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o gentleman_n that_o dwell_v in_o the_o castle_n for_o they_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o their_o adjacent_a field_n this_o revenue_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v very_o great_a there_o be_v another_o that_o proceed_v from_o all_o the_o cattle_n of_o the_o kingdom_n out_o of_o which_o a_o tribute_n be_v gather_v beside_o there_o be_v great_a custom_n upon_o catton_n and_o rice_n transport_v and_o several_a mine_n in_o the_o province_n of_o tunan_n which_o signify_v a_o southerly_a cloud_n these_o mine_n yield_v plenty_n of_o gold_n saphire_n emerald_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o precious_a stone_n that_o enrich_v the_o neighbour_a kingdom_n of_o pegu._n there_o be_v also_o a_o unknown_a quantity_n of_o silver_n bring_v out_o of_o these_o city_n quangh-ceu_a canton_n and_o nanquin_n which_o be_v the_o chief_n mart_n town_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n we_o ask_v he_o if_o the_o king_n do_v often_o show_v himself_o public_o in_o the_o city_n and_o how_o many_o inhabitant_n may_v be_v in_o pekin_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o cause_v the_o soldier_n of_o his_o guard_n to_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n and_o exercise_v once_o every_o month_n where_o he_o do_v common_o appear_v to_o cause_v they_o to_o shoot_v at_o a_o mark_n in_o the_o meadow_n belong_v to_o the_o city_n between_o the_o wall_n that_o encompass_v it_o for_o it_o be_v surround_v three_o time_n about_o the_o uttermost_a wall_n be_v the_o low_a the_o two_o other_o be_v high_a the_o near_a they_o be_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o town_n the_o ditch_n be_v deep_a and_o full_a of_o water_n about_o the_o city_n there_o be_v many_o pleasant_a meadow_n in_o one_o of_o they_o a_o great_a statue_n of_o wood_n be_v erect_v against_o which_o the_o king_n appoint_v his_o soldier_n to_o shoot_v either_o with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n or_o with_o powder_n and_o shot_n one_o be_v to_o hit_v the_o hand_n another_o the_o head_n a_o three_o the_o breast_n if_o the_o soldier_n miss_v the_o first_o time_n he_o have_v liberty_n to_o try_v the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o if_o he_o fail_v all_o three_o without_o touch_v his_o mark_n he_o receive_v a_o great_a many_o bastinado_n for_o his_o reward_n and_o be_v disband_v as_o unworthy_a of_o his_o king_n service_n in_o the_o whole_a city_n of_o pekin_n there_o can_v be_v less_o than_o a_o million_o of_o inhabitant_n some_o say_v that_o there_o have_v be_v heretofore_o nine_o million_o but_o that_o be_v not_o credible_a for_o the_o city_n be_v not_o so_o extraordinary_a large_a and_o their_o building_n be_v but_o of_o one_o story_n high_a we_o desire_v to_o know_v how_o they_o do_v cover_v their_o dwelling_n he_o inform_v we_o that_o they_o do_v cover_v they_o with_o tile_n the_o country_n house_n have_v no_o other_o cover_v the_o tile_n of_o the_o king_n palace_n be_v of_o various_a colour_n of_o yellow_a and_o marble_n very_o pleasant_a and_o beautiful_a when_o they_o be_v look_v upon_o at_o a_o distance_n when_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o they_o they_o appear_v as_o if_o they_o be_v all_o of_o gold_n we_o inquire_v what_o religion_n the_o chineses_n do_v profess_v he_o answer_v that_o they_o do_v profess_v idolatry_n that_o they_o be_v all_o idolater_n in_o their_o heart_n worship_v several_a idol_n in_o private_a but_o i●_n we_o consider_v only_o their_o outward_a profession_n there_o be_v three_o differ_a sect_n the_o first_o be_v of_o the_o learned_a that_o profess_v to_o worship_v a_o superior_a be_v name_v in_o their_o language_n sciax-ti_a these_o two_o word_n be_v engrave_v upon_o table_n of_o gold_n hang_v up_o in_o their_o temple_n unto_o they_o they_o offer_v sacrifice_n by_o burn_v before_o they_o paper_n gild_v with_o gold_n or_o silver_n together_o with_o some_o small_a round_a ball_n make_v with_o storax_n and_o frankincense_n but_o although_o they_o make_v profession_n of_o this_o religion_n which_o appear_v more_o plausible_a than_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v only_o outward_o that_o they_o may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o bonzi_n a_o sort_n of_o man_n come_v out_o of_o china_n into_o india_n extreme_o superstitious_a exceed_v all_o other_o in_o idolatry_n and_o fond_a conceit_n at_o first_o they_o be_v in_o some_o good_a repute_n among_o the_o chinese_n as_o it_o common_o happen_v when_o any_o new_a sect_n appear_v that_o be_v not_o know_v the_o doctrine_n which_o they_o publish_v of_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n which_o be_v not_o altogether_o like_a that_o of_o pythagoras_n get_v they_o the_o people_n esteem_n and_o procure_v they_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o learned_a so_o that_o they_o in_o time_n oppose_v the_o progress_n of_o this_o new_a sect_n more_o out_o of_o displeasure_n against_o it_o than_o out_o of_o love_n for_o their_o ancient_a religion_n therefore_o they_o have_v so_o well_o publish_v and_o establish_v the_o worship_n of_o their_o sciax-ti_a that_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o bonzi_n be_v out_o of_o fashion_n and_o date_n and_o have_v lose_v all_o its_o credit_n and_o they_o themselves_o be_v look_v upon_o no_o better_a than_o cheat_v now_o all_o over_o china_n there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o people_n more_o exclaim_v against_o and_o decide_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o profession_n more_o ridiculous_a than_o that_o a_o man_n of_o credit_n scorn_v to_o exchange_v a_o word_n with_o they_o in_o public_a or_o to_o be_v in_o their_o company_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o such_o occasion_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v avoid_v as_o in_o funeral_n public_a sacrifice_n procession_n where_o these_o idolatrous_a priest_n be_v mercenary_a and_o hire_v to_o attend_v the_o nobility_n cause_v they_o to_o go_v in_o procession_n in_o nuptial_a solemnity_n at_o the_o birth_n of_o their_o child_n and_o such_o like_a time_n their_o procession_n be_v precede_v by_o several_a instrument_n of_o music_n and_o attend_v with_o banner_n and_o display_v ensign_n which_o they_o carry_v about_o their_o idol_n who_o praise_n they_o sing_v in_o song_n and_o hymn_n and_o to_o who_o they_o burn_v paper_n and_o frankincense_n the_o second_o sect_n be_v the_o most_o numerous_a for_o it_o consist_v of_o the_o citizen_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o people_n and_o peasant_n in_o a_o word_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o people_n these_o pay_v their_o devotion_n to_o the_o soul_n of_o their_o ancestor_n unto_o who_o they_o sacrifice_v 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pass_v that_o they_o be_v not_o thereby_o encourage_v to_o indulge_v themselves_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o vice_n nothing_o hinder_v answer_v the_o father_n but_o the_o fear_n of_o present_a punishment_n yet_o they_o have_v some_o light_a persuasion_n of_o hell_n where_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o wicked_a shall_v be_v torment_v but_o they_o have_v find_v a_o way_n to_o get_v they_o out_o of_o those_o torture_n you_o must_v know_v that_o at_o pekin_n and_o in_o every_o considerable_a town_n there_o be_v a_o great_a temple_n erect_v unto_o which_o above_o three_o hundred_o little_a chapel_n belong_v every_o trade_n have_v one_o appertain_v to_o it_o and_o not_o only_o the_o trade_n but_o also_o every_o order_n and_o rank_n of_o man_n from_o the_o magistrate_n to_o the_o beggar_n now_o their_o persuasion_n be_v that_o the_o spirit_n that_o be_v to_o vex_v the_o soul_n of_o

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the_o wicked_a man_n decease_a haunt_v the_o chapel_n appropriate_v to_o that_o profession_n unto_o which_o he_o do_v belong_v for_o example_n a_o thief_n or_o a_o robber_n shall_v bring_v a_o small_a gift_n to_o the_o theif_n chapel_n to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o and_o appease_v the_o displeasure_n of_o that_o spirit_n that_o punish_v theft_n and_o robbery_n that_o he_o may_v spare_v he_o when_o his_o soul_n shall_v fall_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o spirit_n make_v no_o use_n of_o the_o gift_n as_o you_o may_v imagine_v but_o the_o bonzi_n that_o keep_v the_o chapel_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o rest_n this_o be_v a_o politic_a invention_n very_o well_o contrive_v for_o two_o good_a purpose_n by_o that_o mean_v they_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o troublesome_a apprehension_n of_o the_o future_a and_o they_o cause_v a_o pack_n of_o knave_n to_o subsist_v who_o otherwise_o will_v trouble_v all_o the_o world_n with_o their_o beg_n we_o ask_v the_o father_n whether_o among_o 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sleep_n then_o in_o their_o eat_n and_o drink_v in_o winter_n they_o spread_v cotten_n mat_n upon_o little_a furnace_n and_o square_a stove_n name_v caù_n where_o they_o keep_v a_o very_a moderate_a fire_n upon_o these_o mat_n they_o lay_v very_o fine_a sheet_n of_o cotton_n all_o their_o linen_n be_v of_o that_o substance_n for_o they_o use_v their_o line_n to_o make_v oil_n and_o their_o flax_n to_o twist_v into_o rope_n at_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o their_o caù_n there_o be_v pillar_n as_o at_o our_o bed_n at_o the_o top_n round_o the_o curtain_n be_v fasten_v which_o they_o call_v cai-ïà_a in_o winter_n they_o be_v of_o cloth_n or_o of_o some_o other_o thick_a substance_n but_o in_o summer_n they_o be_v of_o a_o very_a fine_a and_o thin_a cotton_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o musketas_n when_o the_o cold_a be_v over_o they_o carry_v their_o mat_n and_o lay_v they_o upon_o board_n or_o table_n and_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n instead_o of_o wool_n and_o cotton_n they_o fill_v they_o with_o a_o sea_n weed_n which_o when_o it_o be_v dry_v be_v as_o soft_a as_o silk_n and_o as_o light_a as_o feather_n it_o be_v natural_o very_o cool_v their_o bolster_n and_o pillow_n be_v very_o neat_o make_v of_o the_o thin_a and_o soft_a skin_n of_o reed_n which_o we_o call_v indian_a cane_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o hurdle_n when_o the_o inside_n be_v empty_v out_o and_o shut_v up_o close_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o wind_n which_o yield_v in_o the_o hot_a season_n much_o pleasure_n the_o head_n feel_v they_o to_o be_v very_o soft_a and_o never_o sink_v deep_a it_o be_v not_o bury_v as_o in_o our_o down-pillow_n they_o be_v very_o smooth_a their_o head_n be_v as_o though_o they_o be_v

upon_o spring_n when_o they_o turn_v and_o at_o the_o least_o motion_n they_o cause_v their_o pillow_n and_o bolster_n to_o send_v up_o a_o cold_a and_o fresh_a air_n to_o cool_v their_o face_n which_o be_v a_o notable_a advantage_n in_o the_o hot_a night_n of_o the_o summer_n their_o chair_n be_v of_o the_o same_o substance_n the_o back_n and_o the_o elbow_n be_v make_v of_o the_o skin_n of_o indian_a cane_n very_o commodious_a to_o sit_v down_o the_o tartar_n be_v not_o so_o effeminate_a to_o make_v use_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n they_o sleep_v upon_o the_o bare_a ground_n as_o the_o turk_n we_o desire_v he_o to_o tell_v we_o something_o of_o the_o king_n pomp_n and_o of_o the_o magnificence_n of_o his_o throne_n when_o he_o appear_v in_o public_a in_o all_o his_o grandeur_n he_o assure_v we_o that_o the_o former_a king_n of_o china_n do_v delight_n in_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o glory_n and_o state_n but_o that_o the_o present_a king_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o reign_v now_o in_o 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dignity_n and_o place_n all_o their_o garment_n be_v differ_v from_o one_o another_o none_o but_o the_o king_n dare_v wear_v a_o pearl_n alone_o at_o the_o top_n of_o his_o gap_n many_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a lord_n have_v precious_a stone_n and_o some_o pearl_n but_o always_o a_o ruby_n a_o emerald_n or_o a_o jasper_n be_v put_v with_o it_o for_o none_o but_o the_o king_n be_v to_o wear_v it_o alone_o he_o wear_v also_o as_o mark_n of_o his_o royalty_n two_o stork_n embroider_v with_o silver_n upon_o his_o breast_n the_o mandarin_n have_v other_o animal_n there_o be_v nine_a chief_n difference_n by_o which_o the_o nobility_n be_v distinguish_v in_o their_o habit_n the_o first_o have_v a_o crane_n for_o his_o badge_n the_o second_o a_o lion_n the_o three_o a_o eagle_n the_o four_o a_o peacock_n i_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o rest_n nor_o what_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v note_v in_o the_o garment_n of_o their_o magistrate_n and_o learned_a men._n i_o only_o remember_v the_o badge_n of_o the_o mathematician_n they_o wear_v four_o little_a square_n of_o jasper_n tie_v with_o silken_a string_n at_o their_o girdle_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o square_n there_o be_v a_o ruby_n and_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o their_o bonnet_n they_o bear_v a_o ruby_n and_o a_o pearl_n together_o the_o most_o ordinary_a colour_n of_o their_o garment_n be_v red_a blue_a orange_n mix_v with_o blue_n we_o have_v already_o say_v that_o their_o bonzi_n be_v clothe_v in_o grace_n and_o the_o learned_a in_o white_a i_o remember_v that_o at_o every_o festival_n observe_v at_o the_o new_a moon_n in_o february_n every_o one_o be_v wont_a to_o melt_v or_o cast_v some_o piece_n of_o mettle_n upon_o which_o they_o represent_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o crescent_n or_o new_a moon_n and_o they_o call_v this_o festival_n the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o hare_n we_o inquire_v whether_o the_o chineses_n have_v any_o memorial_n so_o ancient_a that_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o so_o many_o thousand_o year_n ago_o as_o some_o do_v affirm_v he_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o have_v no_o history_n more_o ancient_a than_o king_n tao_n who_o live_v about_o four_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o year_n ago_o and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o history_n of_o ancient_a date_n that_o speak_v of_o the_o beginning_n and_o continuance_n of_o the_o world_n we_o put_v the_o father_n next_o upon_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n to_o know_v whether_o they_o believe_v in_o china_n that_o there_o be_v any_o passage_n out_o of_o asia_n into_o america_n he_o assure_v we_o that_o they_o have_v but_o little_a skill_n in_o navigation_n that_o they_o know_v not_o well_o how_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o compass_n or_o rather_o this_o knowledge_n be_v defective_a their_o great_a vessel_n be_v not_o able_a to_o carry_v above_o fifty_o man_n their_o sail_n be_v make_v of_o mat_n but_o so_o artificial_o that_o they_o can_v go_v almost_o with_o any_o wind_n their_o row_v differ_v from_o we_o for_o they_o move_v their_o oar_n before_o and_o behind_o therefore_o as_o they_o have_v no_o great_a insight_n into_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o adventure_v far_o at_o sea_n they_o dare_v not_o loose_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o land_n concern_v their_o pass_n from_o asia_n into_o america_n the_o father_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o know_v nothing_o certain_a because_o the_o english_a and_o the_o hollander_n have_v be_v disappoint_v in_o their_o attempt_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o freeze_a sea_n where_o they_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o trade_n for_o the_o tartar_n they_o be_v no_o great_a trader_n and_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o any_o of_o they_o will_v venture_v upon_o a_o mere_a curiosity_n to_o open_v that_o passage_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o chineses_n will_v leave_v their_o country_n to_o undertake_v any_o such_o hazardous_a voyage_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v somewhere_o a_o passage_n or_o that_o asia_n be_v divide_v from_o america_n but_o by_o a_o narrow_a sea_n the_o continual_a appearance_n of_o many_o wild_a fowl_n of_o america_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o tartary_n do_v very_o much_o strengthen_v this_o opinion_n for_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o they_o will_v there_o be_v see_v if_o america_n and_o tartary_n be_v not_o join_v together_o or_o not_o far_o from_o one_o another_o we_o ask_v he_o concern_v the_o dance_n play_n and_o garden_n of_o china_n the_o chineses_n reply_v the_o father_n never_o dance_v but_o the_o tartar_n use_v that_o sport_n among_o themselves_o the_o man_n with_o the_o man_n and_o the_o woman_n with_o the_o woman_n but_o never_o both_o sex_n together_o their_o music_n consist_v in_o strike_v their_o hand_n one_o against_o another_o

justice_n and_o wisdom_n that_o be_v report_v of_o he_o it_o happen_v when_o i_o be_v at_o lahor_n a_o prince_n cause_v the_o groom_n of_o his_o stable_n to_o be_v kill_v in_o a_o very_a barbarous_a manner_n his_o head_n to_o be_v strike_v through_o with_o a_o large_a nail_n for_o a_o small_a fault_n for_o not_o have_v tend_v and_o dress_v his_o belove_a horse_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v do_v when_o the_o emperor_n be_v sit_v in_o the_o seat_n of_o judicature_n which_o he_o constant_o do_v every_o month_n in_o a_o day_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n in_o a_o great_a meadow_n out_o of_o the_o royal_a city_n the_o groom_n or_o farrier_n wife_n make_v her_o complaint_n of_o the_o cruel_a massacre_n of_o her_o husband_n the_o great_a mogul_n send_v immediate_o for_o the_o prince_n and_o ask_v he_o if_o it_o be_v so_o as_o the_o woman_n say_v he_o confess_v his_o crime_n therefore_o the_o mogul_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v stretch_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o command_v the_o woman_n or_o the_o farrier_n widow_n to_o deal_v with_o he_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o he_o have_v deal_v with_o her_o decease_a husband_n there_o be_v many_o other_o report_v concern_v the_o justice_n and_o wisdom_n of_o this_o prince_n he_o govern_v his_o kingdom_n very_o well_o and_o cause_v justice_n to_o be_v administer_v only_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o his_o subject_n and_o prevent_v the_o tumult_n which_o they_o may_v otherwise_o be_v tempt_v to_o raise_v because_o of_o the_o cruel_a detention_n of_o his_o age_a father_n for_o which_o unnatural_a deed_n he_o know_v that_o he_o be_v hate_v he_o be_v about_o forty_o year_n old_a it_o may_v be_v when_o his_o father_n shall_v be_v dead_a he_o will_v loose_v his_o present_a moderation_n and_o his_o force_a inclination_n now_o imprison_v by_o the_o consideration_n of_o safety_n and_o interest_n may_v burst_v out_o and_o discover_v themselves_o in_o this_o manner_n father_n grueber_n answer_v to_o our_o question_n we_o have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o inquire_v of_o other_o matter_n concern_v that_o remote_a country_n but_o in_o regard_v our_o conversation_n have_v last_v many_o hour_n and_o that_o much_o of_o the_o night_n have_v be_v spend_v in_o this_o please_a discourse_n we_o thank_v he_o for_o his_o great_a civility_n and_o withdraw_v to_o our_o lodging_n observation_n of_o the_o travel_n of_o father_n j._n grueber_n take_v out_o of_o the_o letter_n which_o he_o have_v write_v in_o latin_a to_o kircherus_n in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o sixty_o one_o in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n these_o father_n travel_v out_o of_o pekin_n and_o in_o thirty_o day_n they_o arrive_v at_o siganfú_fw-it and_o from_z thence_o they_o go_v to_o sin_v or_o siningfu_n in_o as_o many_o more_o have_v twice_o pass_v the_o river_n hoang_n this_o city_n of_o sin_v or_o siningfu_n be_v a_o great_a city_n full_a of_o inhabitant_n situate_a near_o the_o prodigious_a wall_n of_o china_n through_o its_o gate_n all_o merchant_n and_o passenger_n out_o of_o india_n must_v pass_v to_o enter_v into_o cathaia_n or_o china_n and_o where_o they_o must_v rest_v until_o they_o have_v get_v from_o the_o king_n a_o passport_n to_o proceed_v further_o this_o city_n be_v in_o thirty_o six_o degree_n and_o ten_o minute_n from_o the_o pole_n from_o sin_v they_o go_v in_o three_o month_n time_n through_o kalmuck_n a_o wilderness_n of_o tartary_n to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lassa_n which_o the_o tartar_n call_v barantola_n this_o wilderness_n be_v in_o some_o place_n mountainous_a in_o other_o plain_a full_a of_o sand_n and_o gravel_n and_o therefore_o be_v barre●_n and_o unfruitful_a nevertheless_o nature_n have_v allow_v some_o few_o river_n to_o water_v it_o upon_o their_o bank_n there_o be_v very_o good_a grass_n for_o cattle_n th●●_n desert_n stretch_v itself_o from_o t●●_n southern_a part_n of_o india_n to_o t●●_n northern_a and_o be_v so_o large_a that_o n●ver_o any_o body_n yet_o that_o i_o can_v find_v do_v ever_o survey_v its_o bound_n som●_n think_v that_o it_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o th●_n freeze_a sea_n it_o have_v many_o name●_n p._n marcus_n venetus_n name_v it_o the_o desert_n of_o lop_n famous_a for_o the_o ordinary_a apparition_n of_o devil_n and_o spirit_n 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n mak●_n no_o mention_n of_o it_o although_o these_o spirit_n have_v oftentimes_o discover_v themselves_o he_o do_v not_o approve_v of_o their_o continuance_n and_o constant_a appear_v to_o all_o the_o tartar_n do_v ancient_o call_v it_o belgian_n afterward_o somo_n the_o chineses_n kalmuck_n other_o caracathai_n that_o be_v to_o say_v black_a cathaia_n where_o no_o animal_n be_v to_o be_v see_v but_o wild_a beef_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a bigness_n the_o tartar_n that_o be_v use_v to_o the_o desert_n venture_v through_o at_o any_o time_n and_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o river_n that_o afford_v any_o feed_n for_o ●heir_a cattle_n there_o they_o common_o pitch_v their_o tent_n capacious_a enough_o to_o shelter_v man_n and_o beast_n from_o lassa_n otherwise_o name_v barantola_n situate_v in_o twenty_o nine_o degree_n and_o six_o minute_n from_o the_o pole_n they_o come_v in_o four_o day_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n langur_n this_o mountain_n be_v one_o of_o the_o high_a of_o the_o world_n so_o that_o when_o traveller_n pass_v over_o its_o top_n they_o can_v scarce_o draw_v their_o breath_n because_o of_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o air._n the_o breath_n of_o several_a venomous_a herb_n render_v a_o passage_n this_o way_n in_o summer_n to_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o our_o health_n this_o mountain_n be_v so_o full_a of_o grievous_a precipice_n and_o steep_a rock_n that_o neither_o cart_n nor_o horse_n can_v pass_v over_o it_o therefore_o all_o passenger_n be_v force●_n to_o march_v a_o foot_n for_o a_o month_n time●_n till_o they_o come_v to_o cuth_o the_o firs●_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nekbal_n upon_o the_o border_n although_o this_o region_n be_v so_o mountainous_a and_o difficult_a to_o pass_v ove●_n nature_n have_v furnish_v it_o with_o several_a spring_n of_o hot_a and_o of_o cold_a water_n that_o burst_v out_o of_o the_o concavity_n here_o be_v in_o some_o place_n plenty_n of_o fish_n for_o man_n and_o grass_n for_o cattle_n i_o think_v this_o be_v the_o hilly_a region_n which_o ptolemy_n say_v that_o it_o lie_v under_o the_o mount_n caucasus_n and_o stretch_v itself_o a_o great_a way_n into_o the_o east_n country_n and_o then_o divide_v into_o rank_n of_o hill_n the_o one_o tend_v to_o the_o north_n the_o other_o to_o the_o south_n he_o call_v it_o parapanismus_n and_o p._n marcus_n venetus_n belor_n other_o nation_n do_v give_v other_o name_n to_o these_o hill_n that_o border_n upon_o their_o several_a country_n from_o cuth_o in_o five_o day_n journey_n they_o come_v to_o the_o city_n nesti_n belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nekbal_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n live_v in_o a_o most_o grievous_a idolatry_n without_o the_o least_o knowledge_n of_o christianity_n this_o place_n abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o life_n of_o man_n so_o that_o you_o may_v have_v thirty_o or_o forty_o hen_n for_o a_o crown_n from_o nesti_n they_o travel_v in_o six_o day_n to_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nekbal_n call_v cadmendu_fw-fr lie_v in_o twenty_o seven_o degree_n and_o five_o minute_n from_o the_o pole_n the_o king_n be_v a_o great_a prince_n and_o a_o heathen_a but_o no_o enemy_n to_o christianity_n from_o cadmendu_fw-fr in_o half_a a_o day_n they_o go_v to_o nekbal_n the_o chief_n city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v call_v also_o baddan_n and_o from_o thence_o in_o five_o day_n they_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n hedonda_n belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o maranga_n situate_v in_o twenty_o six_o degree_n and_o thiry_n six_o minute_n from_o the_o pole_n from_o thence_o in_o eight_o day_n traveller_n go_v to_o mutgari_fw-la the_o first_o city_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mogol_n from_o mutgari_fw-la they_o go_v to_o battana_n a_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bengala_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n ganges_n in_o twenty_o five_o degree_n and_o forty_o four_o minute_n from_o battana_n in_o eight_o day_n they_o come_v to_o benares_n a_o populous_a town_n near_o the_o river_n ganges_n lie_v in_o twenty_o four_o degree_n and_o fifty_o minute_n it_o be_v a_o note_a place_n for_o there_o be_v the_o school_n of_o the_o brahmin_n where_o all_o the_o science_n profess_v in_o those_o country_n be_v teach_v and_o with_o they_o the_o most_o abominable_a superstition_n from_o benares_n there_o be_v eight_o day_n journey_n to_o catampor_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o agra_n seven_o more_o from_o pekin_n to_o agra_n man_n go_v in_o 214_o day_n but_o when_o they_o go_v