proper_a that_o i_o enlarge_v when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o aleppo_n which_o be_v seat_v in_o syria_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o chap._n xliii_o of_o pamphilia_n lycia_n and_o caria_n caria_n pamphilia_n lycia_n and_o caria_n all_o these_o have_v not_o any_o thing_n now_o worthy_a note_n in_o they_o conduce_v to_o trade_n and_o merchandize_v save_o the_o abundance_n of_o those_o goat_n upon_o who_o grow_v that_o wool_n whereof_o be_v make_v the_o chamlet_n and_o grogram_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v cause_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a when_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o angora_n and_o in_o the_o interim_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o province_n have_v lose_v their_o former_a name_n be_v now_o know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o garamania_n and_o be_v at_o this_o present_a under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n chap._n xliv_o of_o jonia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o ephesus_n jonia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o ephesus_n ionia_n be_v the_o next_o province_n wherein_o be_v that_o ancient_a famous_a city_n of_o ephesus_n much_o ruin_v from_o its_o ancient_a record_a beauty_n famous_a for_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o epistle_n by_o saint_n paul_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n hereof_o famous_a also_o for_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n and_o last_o famous_a for_o the_o burial_n of_o st._n john_n the_o evangelist_n who_o go_v here_o alive_a into_o the_o grave_n but_o this_o city_n be_v now_o become_v a_o poor_a village_n and_o retain_v no_o monument_n of_o her_o pride_n that_o i_o can_v find_v in_o anno_fw-la 1624._o but_o a_o porch_n of_o a_o grecian_a church_n of_o black_a marble_n wherein_o be_v excellent_o engrave_v the_o life_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n much_o admire_v by_o all_o artist_n smyrna_n smyrna_n but_o now_o the_o only_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o province_n be_v smyrna_n one_o of_o the_o place_n that_o strive_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o homer_n and_o wherein_o be_v find_v one_o of_o those_o church_n whereto_o st._n john_n dedicate_v his_o revelation_n seat_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o bay_n or_o gulf_n know_v to_o our_o seaman_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o smyrna_n and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o consul_n resident_a for_o the_o english_a as_o also_o for_o the_o french_a and_o venetian_n to_o protect_v their_o merchant_n and_o trade_n where_o in_o anno_fw-la 1619._o in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n i_o note_v these_o thing_n chap._n xlv_o of_o smyrna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o smyrna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o principal_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v within_o these_o few_o year_n transport_v hither_o from_o the_o island_n scio_fw-la where_o the_o consul_n abovesaid_a have_v their_o residence_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v entitle_v consul_n of_o scio_fw-la and_o smyrna_n but_o by_o reason_n that_o scale_n both_o for_o sale_n and_o investment_n have_v then_o a_o dependency_n upon_o this_o it_o be_v find_v more_o proper_a and_o less_o chargeable_a to_o remove_v their_o abode_n and_o warehouse_n hither_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v this_o become_v the_o principal_a port_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o harbour_n much_o further_a the_o same_o be_v both_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o within_o these_o latter_a year_n much_o enrich_v by_o the_o trade_n of_o english_a french_a and_o dutch_a the_o venetian_n drive_v great_a trade_n here_o under_o french_a colour_n still_o smryna_n commodity_n of_o smryna_n the_o commodity_n that_o be_v find_v here_o to_o abound_v and_o that_o be_v hence_o transport_v into_o other_o country_n of_o christendom_n be_v cotton_n wool_n which_o in_o great_a plenty_n grow_v in_o the_o adjoin_a plain_n of_o this_o city_n also_o gall_n for_o dyer_n anniseed_n cordovant_n wax_n cotton_n and_o grogram_n yarn_n cute_v carpet_n grogram_n chamlet_n mâ—hairs_n and_o some_o fruit_n and_o drug_n raw_a persia_n silk_n be_v likewise_o hither_o bring_v by_o land_n from_o persia_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n find_v in_o turkey_n or_o of_o that_o growth_n be_v here_o to_o be_v have_v and_o the_o commodity_n here_o vend_v from_o england_n be_v clothes_n of_o suffolk_n essex_n and_o gloucester_n kersey_n of_o yorkshire_n and_o hampshire_n lead_v tin_n calico_n pepper_n indigo_n and_o other_o spice_n which_o within_o these_o late_a year_n we_o have_v former_o from_o this_o and_o other_o place_n of_o turkey_n and_o which_o now_o by_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o east-india_n trade_n and_o navigation_n we_o carry_v to_o they_o and_o from_o venice_n be_v bring_v some_o cloth_n paper_n silk_n velvet_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o france_n some_o few_o clothes_n and_o paper_n etc._n etc._n great_a store_n of_o bullion_n which_o never_o return_v into_o christendom_n more_o carried_z the_o great_a part_n by_o the_o armenian_n and_o persian_n to_o their_o native_a country_n and_o there_o melt_v down_o into_o a_o light_a standard_n account_n the_o coin_n of_o smyrna_n and_o account_n the_o coin_n current_a of_o smyrna_n be_v those_o of_o constantinople_n and_o general_o those_o of_o all_o that_o empire_n which_o i_o shall_v show_v when_o i_o treat_v of_o that_o city_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n here_o omit_v it_o and_o their_o account_n they_o also_o keep_v here_o in_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o they_o and_o therefore_o refer_v you_o to_o that_o place_n in_o both_o these_o particular_n smyrna_n weight_n usual_a of_o smyrna_n the_o weight_n of_o smyrna_n and_o scio_fw-la for_o they_o agree_v both_o in_o one_o be_v the_o quintar_n which_o contain_v 100_o rotolo_n or_o 42_o oak_n and_o every_o oak_n be_v 400_o dram_n and_o every_o lodro_n be_v 176_o dram_n and_o the_o pound_n averdupois_n have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 148_o dram_n and_o the_o quintal_n of_o 42_o oak_n abovesaid_a which_o produce_v 119_o l._n english_a but_o in_o many_o commodity_n it_o be_v find_v to_o answer_v but_o 117_o l._n so_o that_o in_o circa_fw-la 9¼_n dram_n be_v 1_o ounce_n english_a averdupois_n they_o have_v here_o in_o use_n two_o measure_n one_o for_o linen_n and_o another_o for_o woollen_a but_o because_o they_o near_o agree_v with_o constantinople_n i_o will_v refer_v the_o same_o to_o that_o place_n english_a measure_n of_o smyrna_n and_o scio_fw-la custom_n of_o smyrna_n and_o scio_fw-la by_o the_o english_a the_o custom_n pay_v by_o the_o english_a here_o and_o throughout_o all_o turkey_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o capitulation_n with_o the_o great_a turk_n be_v only_o three_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la and_o oftentimes_o the_o custom_n house_n of_o scio_fw-la and_o of_o smyrna_n be_v in_o one_o man_n hand_n and_o though_o by_o their_o capitulation_n it_o be_v so_o agree_v that_o those_o good_n that_o have_v once_o pay_v custom_n in_o one_o port_n shall_v not_o pay_v any_o more_o be_v thence_o export_v to_o any_o other_o place_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o that_o command_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o that_o end_n by_o the_o grand_a signior_n at_o several_a time_n yet_o the_o justice_n of_o that_o country_n be_v so_o defective_a in_o this_o particular_a that_o the_o commodity_n land_v in_o smyrna_n and_o pay_v their_o three_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la and_o afterward_o transport_v to_o constantinople_n pay_v there_o again_o another_o three_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la or_o compound_v with_o the_o customer_n which_o sometime_o be_v do_v at_o 1½_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la and_o sometime_o at_o less_o french_a by_o venetian_n and_o french_a note_v that_o here_o as_o in_o all_o part_n of_o turkey_n the_o venetian_n french_a and_o dutch_a pay_n five_o per_fw-la cent_n two_o per_fw-la cent_n more_o than_o the_o english_a which_o be_v ground_v upon_o their_o capitulation_n with_o the_o emperor_n ship_n port-charge_n of_o a_o ship_n the_o port-charge_n of_o clear_v a_o ship_n in_o smyrna_n be_v pay_v in_o commodity_n of_o our_o country_n and_o be_v to_o that_o end_n thus_o at_o first_o regulate_v but_o since_o convert_v into_o payment_n by_o money_n as_o to_o the_o cadie_n who_o be_v to_o have_v five_o pico_n of_o venice_n cloth_n and_o a_o bundle_n of_o coney-skin_n for_o a_o vest_n which_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o our_o english_a trade_n be_v here_o find_v to_o be_v much_o request_v the_o cadies_n servant_n to_o have_v 3½_n pico_n english_a cloth_n the_o cady_n caya_n to_o have_v 3_o pico_n of_o ditto_n the_o cady_n scrivan_n to_o have_v a_o chicquine_n in_o gold_n the_o cadies_n page_n to_o have_v 2½_n dollar_n the_o mosur_n eashaw_n to_o have_v 1½_n pico_n cloth_n the_o cadies_n janissary_n to_o have_v a_o chicquine_n all_o which_o charge_v amount_v in_o circas_fw-la to_o 68_o dollar_n to_o conclude_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o port_n be_v most_o note_a for_o the_o abundance_n of_o cotton_n which_o hence_o be_v transport_v to_o england_n france_n holland_n and_o italy_n estimate_v yearly_o to_o be_v about_o 20000_o quintal_n and_o be_v find_v here_o to_o
the_o observation_n of_o some_o english_a they_o find_v only_o 2_o picoe_n one_o for_o cloth_n and_o the_o other_o for_o grogram_n and_o do_v agree_v with_o those_o of_o constantinople_n bursia_n custom_n of_o bursia_n there_o be_v no_o custom_n due_a upon_o good_n in_o bursia_n it_o be_v account_v a_o inland_a town_n but_o if_o send_v thence_o to_o smyrna_n or_o to_o constantinople_n and_o export_v out_o of_o the_o grand_a signior_n dominion_n it_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o custom_n according_a to_o the_o capitulation_n or_o privilege_n grant_v to_o that_o nation_n that_o transport_v the_o same_o but_o if_o those_o commodity_n buy_v in_o bursia_n be_v carry_v to_o smyrna_n or_o constantinople_n and_o there_o sell_v it_o pay_v no_o custom_n but_o a_o small_a duty_n for_o register_n and_o quit_v at_o the_o custom-house_n of_o both_o the_o say_a place_n as_o have_v be_v practise_v by_o divers_a merchant_n in_o this_o town_n of_o late_a year_n some_o english_a have_v reside_v and_o do_v find_v a_o fair_a and_o friendly_a quarter_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o they_o be_v account_v as_o subfactor_n to_o those_o resident_a in_o constantinople_n and_o smyrna_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o say_v further_o of_o this_o place_n chap._n xlix_o of_o pontus_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o pontus_n pontus_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o bithynia_n be_v pontus_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o ruin_n of_o tomos_n to_o which_o ovid_n be_v banish_v and_o pithius_fw-la where_o chrysostom_n live_v in_o exile_n here_o also_o rule_v mithridates_n who_o for_o 40_o year_n withstand_v the_o roman_n not_o more_o excellent_a in_o war_n than_o learning_n and_o memory_n who_o speak_v 22_o language_n and_o invent_v that_o counterpoison_v for_o he_o name_v mithridate_n and_o who_o at_o last_o by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o his_o son_n and_o the_o valour_n of_o l._n sylla_n pillar_n pompey_n pillar_n lucullus_n and_o pompey_n be_v vanquish_v the_o last_o of_o which_o erect_v a_o pillar_n upon_o a_o small_a island_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o black_a or_o euxine_a sea_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v know_v by_o his_o name_n and_o show_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o stranger_n as_o a_o trophy_n of_o his_o victory_n in_o these_o part_n chap._n l._n of_o paphlagonia_n and_o galatia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o galatia_n paphlagonia_n and_o galatia_n in_o paphlagonia_n i_o find_v not_o any_o city_n notable_a for_o trade_n or_o other_o thing_n noteworthy_a and_o as_o for_o galatia_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o to_o the_o people_n of_o this_o province_n do_v st._n paul_n dedicate_v one_o of_o his_o epistle_n angora_n angora_n and_o here_o be_v also_o seat_v the_o city_n of_o ancira_n now_o common_o angora_n famous_a for_o the_o infinite_a store_n of_o grogram_n mohair_n and_o chamlet_n that_o be_v make_v here_o and_o sabricate_v and_o from_o hence_o transport_v to_o constantinople_n be_v 16_o day_n journey_n distant_a and_o to_o aleppo_n have_v a_o like_a remoteness_n and_o from_o thence_o again_o export_v into_o all_o the_o country_n of_o europe_n in_o this_o place_n the_o venetian_n have_v a_o factory_a to_o provide_v they_o the_o say_v commodity_n and_o the_o english_a in_o imitation_n thereof_o about_o 1624._o do_v first_o send_v thither_o two_o factor_n from_o constantinople_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o these_o commodity_n at_o the_o first_o hand_n trade_n grogram_n trade_n but_o some_o of_o the_o yarn_n call_v hence_o grogram_n yarn_n and_o not_o camel_n hair_n some_o vain_o conceive_v be_v late_o bring_v into_o england_n ingenious_a workman_n be_v here_o find_v that_o invent_v therewith_o tames_n and_o many_o other_o stuff_v to_o the_o great_a decay_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o grogram_n trade_n of_o this_o country_n and_o of_o such_o as_o live_v thereupon_o in_o angora_n whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o anno_fw-la 1630._o petition_v the_o duana_n of_o constantinople_n that_o this_o yarn_n may_v not_o be_v export_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n until_o it_o be_v put_v into_o work_n and_o make_v into_o stuff_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o but_o the_o farmer_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n custom_n at_o constantinople_n connive_v thereat_o and_o suffer_v the_o same_o to_o be_v export_v pay_v double_a custom_n which_o be_v 6_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o so_o it_o continue_v till_o 1634._o at_o what_o time_n a_o second_v strict_a prohibition_n with_o consiscation_n be_v proclaim_v and_o near_o look_v into_o so_o that_o what_o quantity_n be_v now_o find_v to_o come_v thence_o be_v by_o indirect_a mean_n and_o not_o otherwise_o if_o possible_a thereby_o again_o to_o give_v life_n to_o the_o grogram_n trade_n and_o the_o maker_n thereof_o in_o these_o part_n there_o be_v of_o late_a year_n an_o offer_v make_v by_o the_o venetian_a ambassador_n resident_a at_o constantinople_n to_o export_v 500_o of_o the_o goat_n that_o bear_v this_o wool_n to_o venetia_n thereby_o in_o time_n to_o bring_v this_o commodity_n in_o request_n in_o their_o signiory_n but_o the_o turk_n perceive_v their_o drift_n deny_v the_o same_o lest_o his_o subject_n and_o country_n may_v future_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o benefit_n of_o so_o excellent_a a_o commodity_n have_v our_o ancestor_n foresee_v the_o like_a discommodity_n that_o will_v have_v ensue_v by_o the_o exportation_n of_o english_a sheep_n into_o spain_n it_o may_v be_v conceive_v it_o will_v never_o have_v be_v in_o those_o day_n permit_v angora_n weight_n and_o measure_n of_o angora_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o same_o as_o be_v find_v in_o constantinople_n the_o gregram_n pico_n have_v from_o this_o town_n its_o original_n and_o be_v the_o proper_a pico_n of_o this_o country_n and_o city_n whereby_o all_o grogram_n mohair_n and_o chamblet_n be_v measure_v and_o sell_v throughout_o all_o turkey_n and_o be_v in_o grogram_n find_v in_o england_n to_o answer_v proportional_o as_o 24_o pico_n be_v a_o piece_n of_o ordinary_a grogram_n to_o make_v 16_o yard_n london_n for_o their_o money_n and_o account_n they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o constantinople_n vide_fw-la there_o chap._n li._n of_o cappadocia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o cappadocia_n cappadocia_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o galatia_n be_v cappadocia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v erzyrum_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o armenia_n be_v hold_v the_o rendezvous_n for_o the_o turkish_a militia_n in_o their_o expedition_n to_o persia_n and_o the_o place_n where_o when_o the_o war_n be_v end_v they_o be_v dismiss_v here_o be_v the_o entrance_n into_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o though_o war_n happen_v between_o the_o turk_n and_o the_o persian_n yet_o these_o barbarous_a nation_n be_v so_o careful_a of_o merchant_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o commerce_n that_o the_o merchant_n of_o both_o country_n though_o otherwise_o the_o province_n be_v at_o variance_n may_v here_o enter_v and_o transport_v their_o merchandise_n into_o one_o another_o country_n pay_v a_o small_a custom_n as_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o prince_n carrying_z a_o tescary_n or_o certificate_n thereof_o with_o they_o to_o such_o other_o place_n whither_o they_o go_v which_o in_o itself_o protect_v their_o good_n and_o person_n from_o danger_n or_o confiscation_n or_o other_o duty_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thing_n 〈◊〉_d see_v persia_n merchant_n with_o great_a estate_n in_o aloppo_n and_o constantinople_n in_o the_o hot_a of_o the_o war_n between_o their_o two_o sovereign_n to_o the_o shame_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o many_o christian_a prince_n who_o first_o prey_n upon_o the_o merchant_n that_o inhabit_v their_o country_n make_v a_o war_n upon_o their_o estate_n and_o person_n before_o they_o meddle_v with_o or_o haply_o hardly_o publish_v their_o intention_n to_o their_o sovereign_n the_o ancient_a tibarenean_n custom_n be_v now_o out_o of_o use_n in_o christendom_n who_o be_v say_v never_o to_o wage_v war_n against_o any_o enemy_n but_o they_o faithful_o certify_v they_o beforehand_o both_o of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o intent_n and_o fight_n and_o as_o it_o may_v be_v conjecture_v give_v first_o a_o fair_a dismission_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o consequent_o to_o their_o merchant_n trabesond_n amasia_n trabesond_n here_o be_v also_o amasia_n where_o the_o grand_a signior_n elder_a son_n be_v see_v to_o abide_v after_o his_o circumcision_n till_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n death_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o trabesond_n former_o a_o imperial_a seat_n now_o a_o small_a city_n seat_v upon_o the_o euxine_a or_o black_a sea_n have_v a_o reasonable_a good_a harbour_n and_o where_o the_o grand_a signior_n maintain_v certain_a galley_n to_o scour_v these_o coast_n here_o be_v find_v a_o great_a trade_n in_o summer_n for_o fish_n which_o to_o i_o do_v much_o resemble_v the_o english_a herring_n which_o they_o take_v upon_o this_o
turk_n the_o passable_a here_o be_v the_o soltany_n be_v medines_n 80_o asper_n 120_o sh_n 16._o the_o lion_n dollar_n med_n 50_o asp_z 80_o sh_n 10._o the_o ducat_n med_n 40_o asp_z 60_o sh_n 7½_n rial_n of_o â—_o â—_o have_v pass_a 6½_n per_fw-la cent_n better_o than_o lion_n dollar_n and_o 〈…〉_o have_v pass_v for_o a_o soltany_n but_o this_o rule_n hold_v not_o in_o these_o day_n for_o the_o war_n and_o trouble_n of_o that_o country_n have_v alter_v these_o observation_n she_o be_v 1_o be_v medin_fw-mi 5â…“_n or_o asper_n 8_o and_o the_o med_a 8½_n she_z but_o these_o rule_n follow_v be_v more_o certain_a and_o find_v true_a â„ž_o 8_o â—_o be_v find_v to_o weigh_v 42¼_n grain_n the_o single_a rot._n 26½_n gr_n the_o crown_n or_o single_a pistolet_n find_v to_o weigh_v 53_o grain_n the_o soltany_n hunger_n or_o chequin_n to_o weigh_v 54_o grain_n and_o the_o mitigal_a be_v find_v to_o weigh_v 72_o grain_n aleppo_n account_n in_o aleppo_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v as_o by_o a_o common_a consent_n throughout_o the_o principal_a place_n of_o traffic_n in_o turkey_n in_o dollar_n and_o asper_n the_o dollar_n contain_v 80_o asp_z at_o what_o rate_n otherwise_o soever_o the_o same_o do_v pass_v among_o all_o christian_n that_o be_v merchant_n and_o here_o resident_a yet_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o account_n of_o the_o country_n as_o proper_a to_o the_o revenue_n and_o treasure_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o practise_v by_o the_o receiver_n of_o his_o estate_n be_v keep_v in_o asper_n wherein_o they_o account_v to_o thousand_o ten_o thousand_o and_o hundred_o thousand_o asper_n and_o so_o by_o a_o cargo_fw-mi or_o load_n of_o asper_n which_o they_o account_v to_o be_v 100_o thousand_o asper_n and_o at_o 80_o asper_n per_fw-la dollar_n amount_v to_o 1250_o dollar_n or_o 312_o l._n 10_o shilling_n sterling_a aleppo_n measure_n in_o aleppo_n there_o be_v find_v in_o aleppo_n but_o one_o measure_n or_o pico_n which_o be_v 27_o inch_n english_a or_o ¾_n of_o a_o yard_n and_o be_v the_o same_o for_o linen_n and_o woollen_a and_o do_v agree_v with_o the_o venetian_a brace_n use_v there_o 〈◊〉_d cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o silk_n and_o the_o 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venetia_n be_v find_v to_o render_v here_o 106_o picos_fw-la there_o be_v also_o a_o pico_n find_v for_o grogram_n chamblet_n and_o mohair_n but_o this_o be_v the_o proper_a picoâ—…_n angora_n the_o staple_n of_o that_o commodity_n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v but_o 2_o inch_n english_a incirca_fw-la less_o as_o i_o have_v more_o at_o large_a note_v in_o that_o place_n aleppo_n custom_n in_o aleppo_n as_o for_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o place_n they_o be_v as_o in_o constantinople_n for_o the_o english_a nation_n 3_o per_fw-la cent_n with_o some_o innovation_n creep_v in_o by_o the_o corruption_n of_o customer_n and_o foreigner_n which_o here_o be_v find_v to_o be_v jew_n and_o which_o in_o this_o point_n be_v loath_a to_o derogate_v from_o the_o common_a manner_n of_o almost_o all_o customer_n and_o foreigner_n in_o the_o world_n but_o the_o last_o agreement_n between_o mustapâ—…_n aga_n the_o customer_n and_o the_o consul_n of_o the_o english_a be_v thus_o kersey_n rate_v at_o medines_n 14â—_n per_fw-la piece_n at_z 3_o per_fw-la cent_n broad-cloth_n rate_v at_o medines_n 120_o per_fw-la cloth_n at_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n coney-skin_n the_o bundle_n 50_o skin_n at_o 14_o dol_n tin_n rate_v at_o 55_o rot._n per_fw-la chest_n and_o 32_o dol_n be_v 157½_n dol_n indigo_n at_o medines_n 587_o per_fw-la chest_n gall_n at_o 12_o dol_n per_fw-la rot._n silk_n at_o medines_n 6_o per_fw-la rot._n grogram_n the_o ball_n at_o 33_o dol_n fillades_n per_fw-la quintal_n at_o 33_o dol_n cotton-wooll_n per_fw-la cent_n 33_o dol_n quilt_n at_o 50_o dol_n per_fw-la ball._n botano_n at_o ball_n 80_o dol_n cordovant_n at_o ball_n 8_o dol_n turmerick_n at_o medines_n 80_o per_fw-la rot._n gumdragant_a at_o ball_n 60_o dol_n note_v that_o all_o spice_n as_o nutmeg_n clove_n mace_n and_o cinnamon_n pay_v 21_o per_fw-la cent_n but_o to_o be_v rate_v at_o 14_o per_fw-la cent_n less_o than_o the_o same_o cost_n as_o be_v commodity_n of_o india_n proper_o nutmeg_n value_v at_o medines_n 60_o clove_n per_fw-la rot._n at_o 160_o mace_n per_fw-la rot._n at_o 220_o cinnamon_n per_fw-la rotolo_n at_o 30_o pepper_n owe_v but_o half_a custom_n and_o therefore_o rate_v it_o at_o â—_o â—_o less_o than_o it_o cost_v and_o then_o pay_v 21_o per_fw-la cent_n aleppo_n the_o general_a trade_n of_o aleppo_n survey_v in_o its_o particular_a colour_n the_o english_a the_o prime_a trader_n to_o aleppo_n before_o i_o leave_v this_o place_n it_o will_v be_v needful_a that_o i_o do_v more_o particular_o survey_v the_o body_n of_o the_o great_a trade_n which_o be_v see_v exercise_v here_o at_o this_o day_n and_o first_o for_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o english_a as_o the_o most_o eminent_a it_o be_v find_v that_o this_o place_n do_v yearly_o vend_v about_o 6000_o english_a clothes_n of_o several_a sort_n about_o 600_o quintal_n of_o tin_n some_o fur_n kersey_n and_o other_o english_a commodity_n beside_o 100_o thousand_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d bring_v yearly_o hither_o by_o they_o in_o ready_a money_n to_o be_v invest_v in_o raw_a silk_n drug_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n they_o have_v here_o to_o this_o end_n a_o consul_n who_o be_v entitle_v of_o syria_n and_o cyprus_n who_o have_v here_o the_o pre-eminence_n of_o all_o other_o christian_a consul_n resident_a and_o in_o return_n of_o this_o estate_n carry_v hence_o great_a quantity_n of_o raw_a persia_n silk_n term_v and_o know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o ardasse_n and_o lege_fw-la and_o also_o bedovin_n castravan_n beledin_n baias_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o country_n also_o they_o carry_v hence_o great_a quantity_n of_o gall_n of_o tocat_n some_o drug_n of_o arabia_n great_a quantity_n of_o grogram_n yarn_n and_o grogram_n cotton_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o this_o place_n which_o investment_n be_v former_o in_o a_o large_a nature_n in_o drug_n spice_n and_o gem_n with_o which_o now_o the_o english_a furnish_v themselves_o at_o the_o first_o hand_n from_o india_n etc._n etc._n and_o though_o otherwise_o thus_o their_o return_n be_v thereby_o shorten_v yet_o have_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o return_n in_o these_o sort_n of_o silk_n abovesaid_a it_o have_v herein_o find_v a_o fair_a enlargement_n for_o the_o abatement_n make_v in_o spice_n scanderone_n scanderone_n the_o scale_n of_o this_o city_n be_v alexandretta_n as_o i_o note_v before_o common_o scanderone_n whereto_o all_o ship_n come_v that_o have_v business_n here_o and_o here_o likewise_o the_o english_a have_v a_o factory_a entitle_v a_o vice-consul_n for_o the_o effect_n and_o preservation_n of_o their_o affair_n here_o and_o for_o the_o land_n or_o lade_n of_o all_o good_n come_v in_o or_o go_v out_o from_o this_o city_n and_o where_o also_o to_o the_o same_o end_n the_o venetian_n and_o french_a have_v likewise_o their_o particular_a vice-consul_n to_o manage_v the_o public_a trade_n of_o their_o several_a nation_n second_o the_o venatians_n the_o second_o the_o venetian_n i_o account_v the_o next_o merchant_n of_o consequence_n here_o resident_a who_o bring_v hither_o great_a quantity_n of_o clothes_n venice-making_a and_o other_o of_o several_a sort_n some_o german_a commodity_n as_o latin_a plate_n wire_n shave_a latin_n steel_n iron_n silk_n wrought_v as_o satin_n damask_n velvet_n taffeta_n paper_n and_o some_o rial_n of_o eight_o and_o venetian_a chiqueens_n in_o gold_n with_o crystal_a looking-glass_n quicksilver_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o hence_o in_o return_n thereof_o export_v silk_n raw_a of_o all_o sort_n cotton_n wool_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n grogram_n mâ—bairs_n chamblet_n sundry_a sort_n of_o drug_n spice_n gem_n and_o gall_n indigo_n and_o other_o such_o three_o the_o french_a the_o three_o the_o french_a be_v the_o next_o of_o note_n that_o trade_n hither_o have_v to_o that_o end_n also_o a_o consul_n in_o aleppo_n and_o vice-consul_n in_o alexandretta_n and_o who_o carry_v hither_o some_o few_o clothes_n of_o languedoc_n and_o of_o rial_n of_o plate_n a_o great_a quantity_n which_o every_o small_a bark_n be_v find_v to_o bring_v hither_o from_o marselia_n the_o only_a french_a port_n hither-trading_a in_o return_n whereof_o they_o use_v some_o year_n past_a to_o carry_v hence_o abundance_n of_o raw_a silk_n of_o all_o sort_n to_o the_o import_n sometime_o of_o 600_o in_o 800_o bales_n upon_o a_o vessel_n but_o this_o their_o trade_n by_o sundry_a loss_n occasion_v be_v now_o decay_a and_o their_o ship_n be_v only_o lade_v with_o gall_n cotton_n wool_n cotton_n yarn_n grogram_n some_o drug_n spice_n calico_n and_o such_o these_o be_v then_o the_o only_a three_o christian_a nation_n that_o have_v any_o
persia_n but_o also_o of_o those_o of_o arabia_n turkey_n india_n and_o china_n hither_o bring_v in_o great_a abundance_n to_o be_v exchange_v for_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o this_o place_n and_o though_o it_o want_v the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o by_o caravan_n it_o be_v supply_v with_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v conducible_a either_o to_o beauty_n necessity_n or_o ornament_n the_o caspian_a sea_n afford_v it_o the_o commodity_n of_o turkey_n russia_n and_o moscovia_n and_o jasque_n with_o ormus_n his_o two_o seaport_n in_o india_n afford_v it_o the_o commodity_n of_o india_n and_o arabia_n all_o other_o commodity_n from_o either_o the_o turk_n or_o mogul_n be_v supply_v by_o caravan_n dromedary_n and_o camel_n which_o have_v cost_v by_o late_a observation_n in_o portage_n and_o carriage_n of_o commodity_n thus_o caravan_n carriage_n of_o commodity_n by_o caravan_n the_o carriage_n of_o 100_o maunds_z of_o ware_n from_o sciras_n to_o hispahan_n co_v 70_o sâ—hids_n and_o from_o spahan_n to_o casan_n 60_o sehid_n from_o hispahan_n to_o ormus_n by_o sciras_n 120_o sehid_n and_o from_o hispahan_n to_o tauris_n 40_o sehid_n spahan_n price_n common_a of_o commodity_n in_o spahan_n the_o common_a commodity_n of_o hispahan_n i_o have_v already_o nominate_v and_o though_o all_o commodity_n in_o general_n be_v subject_a to_o rise_v and_o fall_v in_o price_n among_o merchant_n yet_o the_o maund_v of_o cotton_n be_v here_o at_o 12_o sehid_n the_o maund_v of_o rice_n 7_o beste_n the_o maund_v of_o dragant_a 2_o beste_n of_o enap_n 2_o beste_n of_o non_fw-fr 3_o beste_n of_o laghem_n 4_o beste_n of_o anil_n 40_o mambody_v and_o the_o catree_n of_o sugar_n be_v worth_a 400_o toman_o which_o be_v pound_n english_a persia_n coin_n current_a in_o persia_n their_o coin_n current_a in_o hispahan_n and_o general_o throughout_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o sophy_n be_v of_o several_a sort_n partly_o of_o brass_n partly_o of_o silver_n and_o partly_o of_o gold_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v the_o toman_n which_o former_o have_v be_v account_v to_o be_v worth_a 6_o l._n sterling_n since_o 4_o l._n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o late_a war_n embase_v and_o worth_a now_o only_o 3_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n at_o seaside_n sterling_n and_o by_o some_o account_v 3_o l._n 12_o s._n 6_o d._n this_o toman_n be_v worth_a 200_o shahed_n or_o shahee_n 14½_n or_o 15_o â„ž_o â—_o â—_o span._n or_o 10_o asure_n which_o have_v be_v account_v 4_o l._n star_z a_o piece_n a_o mamothy_n of_o silver_n be_v 2½_n bestee_n of_o copper_n the_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d span._n be_v here_o account_v for_o 12_o shahee_n and_o 1_o cosbeg_n or_o 5¼_n lorin_n the_o lion_n dollar_n current_n in_o these_o part_n to_o 10_o shahee_n every_o shahee_n be_v 4_o d._n sterling_a or_o 50_o denier_n here_o in_o account_n a_o rupias_n which_o be_v the_o coin_n of_o the_o mogul_n be_v abashee_n 4¼_n which_o be_v 2_o s._n 3_o do_v sterling_a a_o mamothy_n be_v 9_o cosbeg_n or_o 32_o door_n or_o 100_o denier_n a_o bestee_n of_o copper_n be_v 4_o cosbeg_n or_o 20_o denier_n an_fw-mi abaisee_fw-mi of_o silver_n be_v 2_o mamothies_n or_o 20_o shahee_n or_o 200_o denier_n a_o chequin_n of_o gold_n xeriff_n or_o solton_n be_v 18½_n shahees_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n of_o persia_n they_o pass_v for_o 20_o shahee_n and_o in_o some_o for_o 24_o shahee_n a_o azure_a of_o gold_n be_v 20_o shahee_n and_o 10_o asure_n be_v a_o tomano_n 3_o l_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n sterling_a a_o larin_n be_v 5½_n shahees_n and_o in_o some_o place_n only_o 5_o about_o 10_o d._n or_o 10½_n d._n sterling_a here_o 25_o cosbeg_n a_o fonan_n be_v 9_o cupan_n a_o mitigal_n be_v 32½_n or_o 34_o shahee_n a_o sadee_n be_v 40_o floss_n a_o shahee_n be_v 10_o cosbeg_n a_o mitigal_n be_v 33½_n and_o in_o some_o place_n 34_o shahee_n a_o tanger_n be_v 12_o pull_v which_o be_v shahees_n persia_n account_n keep_v in_o persia_n they_o here_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o sundry_a species_n and_o denomination_n some_o in_o xeriff_n some_o in_o spanish_a rial_n and_o some_o in_o toman_o and_o some_o in_o shahee_n the_o common_a account_n be_v thus_o distinguish_v the_o abashee_n be_v 200_o denier_n or_o 20_o shahee_n mamothy_n be_v 100_o denier_n or_o 10_o shahee_n sadon_n be_v 50_o denier_n or_o 5_o shahee_n viste_n be_v 20_o denier_n or_o 2_o shahee_n cosbeg_n be_v 5_o denier_n and_o those_o that_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o shahee_n only_o they_o reckon_v they_o to_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o hundred_o thousand_o as_o the_o proper_a know_a coin_n of_o the_o country_n and_o this_o manner_n have_v seem_v the_o best_a to_o our_o english_a there_o resident_a which_o they_o account_v 60_o shahee_n for_o 20_o s._n sterling_a persia_n weight_n current_a in_o persia_n the_o weight_n of_o persia_n be_v consistent_a of_o three_o sort_n of_o the_o dram_n the_o mitigal_a and_o the_o man_v or_o mandshow_v the_o dram_n be_v the_o least_o 100_o whereof_o make_v 66â…”_n mitigals_o the_o mitigal_a be_v the_o next_o 100_o whereof_o make_v 150â…”_n dram_fw-la the_o man_v or_o mandeshaw_n be_v the_o great_a and_o make_v 1200_o mitigal_n or_o else_o 1800_o dram_fw-la which_o have_v make_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o some_o factor_n that_o have_v reside_v there_o 14_o l._n 9_o ounce_n averdupois_n the_o sum_n or_o cargo_n of_o silk_n be_v account_v here_o 36_o mandshaws_n which_o account_v as_o above_o makes_z english_z 524_o l_o averdupois_n and_o be_v great_a pound_n of_o 24_o ounce_n incirca_fw-la 350_o l._n but_o the_o east-india_n company_n find_v it_o to_o be_v 300_o great_a silk_n pound_n and_o no_o more_o by_o often_o trial_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o mandeshaw_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v in_o many_o province_n and_o city_n in_o persia_n and_o the_o border_a country_n and_o do_v differ_v in_o many_o commodity_n but_o the_o mandeshaw_n common_a of_o persia_n be_v 1200_o dram_n for_o silk_n the_o mandeshaw_n of_o tauris_n be_v but_o 600_o dram_n the_o mandeshaw_n of_o syrrat_n be_v 5_o maunds_z of_o tauris_n abovenamed_a the_o maund_v of_o hispahan_n be_v account_v one_o and_o half_o man_v of_o sirrah_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v these_o weight_n in_o some_o place_n 1_o dubba_o be_v count_v 5_o maunds_z 1_o sherway_n be_v count_v 50_o maunds_z 1_o rellaii_n be_v count_v 7_o maunds_z 1_o maund_v be_v count_v by_o observation_n pound_n english_a in_o tauris_n also_o beforenamed_n a_o city_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o great_a trade_n in_o this_o country_n they_o have_v 〈◊〉_d maunds_z the_o one_o of_o silk_n which_o have_v make_v by_o a_o florentine_n observation_n 5â—_n l._n florence_n and_o another_o for_o all_o other_o commodity_n the_o 100_o whereof_o have_v make_v there_o by_o the_o say_a observation_n 264_o l._n florence_n persia_n measure_n use_v in_o persia_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n use_v in_o persia_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n and_o both_o of_o they_o call_v a_o covedo_n a_o long_a and_o a_o short_a the_o long_o account_v to_o be_v 37½_n inch_n english_a measure_n the_o short_a account_v to_o be_v 27_o inch_n english_a measure_n agreeable_a to_o the_o pico_n of_o turkey_n this_o be_v what_o i_o find_v observable_a in_o the_o particular_a trade_n of_o persia_n i_o will_v now_o view_v it_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o general_a part_n thereof_o chap._n lxxxii_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o persia_n persia_n the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o persia_n the_o trade_n of_o persia_n as_o it_o be_v find_v subsistent_n in_o these_o day_n consist_v more_o by_o a_o inland_n than_o a_o maritime_a traffic_n for_o if_o the_o large_a extent_n of_o the_o sophie_n dominion_n be_v well_o consider_v and_o the_o neighbour_a region_n whereon_o it_o border_v it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o it_o want_v many_o thing_n to_o make_v it_o eminent_a it_o be_v plentiful_o supply_v of_o commodity_n and_o those_o also_o of_o excellency_n as_o of_o silver_n in_o great_a quantity_n raw_a silk_n in_o abundance_n and_o of_o some_o drug_n natural_o grow_v but_o when_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o native_n be_v survey_v it_o will_v be_v soon_o discern_v that_o the_o costly_a rare_a and_o rich_a carpet_n here_o make_v the_o curious_a and_o fine_a cotton_n clothes_n here_o wrought_v for_o their_o turban_n girdle_n sash_n shireing_n and_o the_o like_a interweave_v with_o silk_n and_o not_o seldom_o with_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o the_o daily_a use_n thereof_o not_o only_o in_o persia_n itself_o but_o throughout_o india_n arabia_n and_o turkey_n witness_n to_o the_o world_n the_o ingeniousness_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o great_a want_n and_o impediment_n of_o trade_n that_o they_o have_v here_o be_v of_o seaport_n and_o havens_n of_o which_o they_o be_v much_o scant_v they_o enjoy_v once_o a_o large_a tract_n of_o
landly_v along_o the_o caspian_a sea_n from_o darbrnt_a on_o the_o one_o side_n border_v on_o the_o turk_n to_o deristan_n on_o the_o other_o border_v on_o the_o tartar_n but_o of_o late_a day_n the_o same_o be_v much_o shorten_v for_o the_o grand_a signior_n have_v lay_v tauris_n one_o of_o his_o metropolitan_a city_n for_o his_o limit_n and_o the_o tartar_n have_v enter_v as_o far_o as_o minerdon_v so_o that_o he_o have_v only_o leave_v he_o upon_o this_o sea_n the_o port_n of_o gilan_n and_o pismir_n that_o be_v of_o any_o consequence_n wherein_o much_o trade_n be_v not_o exercise_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o ill_a neighbourhood_n of_o the_o turk_n muscovite_n and_o tartarian_n coast_v the_o caspian_a sea_n in_o the_o persian_a gulf_n he_o do_v enjoy_v the_o commodious_a and_o famous_a town_n and_o port_n of_o balsara_n take_v from_o he_o by_o the_o turk_n about_o 60_o year_n past_a and_o ormus_n in_o the_o entrance_n of_o that_o gulf_n be_v but_o late_o reduce_v to_o his_o sceptre_n by_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o english_a though_o ancient_o belong_v to_o his_o crown_n to_o jasque_n and_o combrone_a port_n belong_v to_o the_o persian_a and_o where_o the_o english_a resort_n to_o the_o port_n of_o jasque_n and_o combrone_n be_v the_o only_a two_o seaport_n he_o enjoy_v upon_o the_o continent_n of_o any_o quality_n to_o which_o be_v ormus_n all_o the_o trade_n of_o persia_n towards_o india_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v drive_v and_o to_o which_o the_o portugal_n dutch_a and_o english_a resort_n for_o their_o silk_n and_o other_o rich_a commodity_n of_o persia_n and_o where_o each_o of_o they_o have_v factory_n and_o residency_n for_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n and_o now_o on_o each_o side_n of_o persia_n by_o land-ward_n he_o be_v environ_v by_o three_o mighty_a and_o powerful_a nation_n with_o who_o he_o be_v sometime_o in_o war_n and_o sometime_o in_o peace_n the_o mogul_n country_n and_o tartar_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o turk_n on_o the_o other_o for_o the_o trade_n thereof_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o persia_n yield_v yearly_a incirca_fw-la 12000_o coal_n of_o silk_n which_o be_v the_o prime_a commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n grow_v principal_o and_o make_v at_o gilan_n bilan_n mahmody_n and_o arasse_n which_o last_o afford_v that_o sort_n of_o silk_n which_o we_o call_v vulgar_o ardasse_v the_o one_o three_o part_n of_o which_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v vend_v into_o turkey_n transport_v by_o camel_n into_o aleppo_n damascus_n constantinople_n brussia_n in_o anatolia_n and_o of_o late_a day_n to_o smyrna_n and_o from_o thence_o convey_v for_o the_o most_o part_n into_o europe_n especial_o to_o england_n france_n and_o italy_n where_o the_o same_o be_v spend_v and_o consume_v in_o return_n of_o which_o they_o have_v from_o syria_n and_o those_o part_n principal_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d spanish_a some_o gold_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o cloth_n woollen_a and_o silk_n stuff_v bring_v thither_o out_o of_o venice_n marselia_n and_o london_n another_o three_o part_n of_o the_o say_a silk_n be_v carry_v to_o and_o spend_v in_o agra_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o mogul_n into_o ormus_n jasques_n etc._n etc._n and_o thence_o by_o the_o indian_n and_o arabian_n into_o sarmacand_n and_o other_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a tartar_n and_o into_o astracan_a and_o other_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o moscovite_n in_o return_n whereof_o they_o have_v the_o spice_n of_o india_n the_o drug_n of_o arabia_n the_o rich_a fur_n of_o russia_n and_o the_o precious_a gem_n of_o cathai_n and_o other_o the_o commodity_n of_o tartary_n and_o the_o other_o three_o part_n be_v imagine_v to_o be_v spend_v for_o their_o own_o use_n and_o clothing_n at_o home_n in_o their_o own_o country_n so_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o sole_a commodity_n which_o this_o country_n thus_o abundant_o afford_v and_o which_o be_v seek_v after_o by_o all_o other_o nation_n and_o the_o curiosity_n and_o luxury_n of_o this_o nation_n in_o general_n they_o have_v the_o commodity_n of_o all_o other_o country_n in_o return_n thereof_o bring_v unto_o they_o divers_a proposition_n have_v be_v make_v and_o divers_a invention_n propose_v and_o sundry_a treaty_n have_v be_v set_v on_o foot_n only_o to_o compass_v the_o sole_a trade_n of_o these_o silk_n of_o persia_n with_o the_o sophy_n himself_o who_o alone_o challenge_v a_o propriety_n therein_o throughout_o his_o whole_a dominion_n the_o dutch_a have_v more_o than_o once_o thrust_v at_o it_o and_o to_o have_v it_o deliver_v at_o astracan_a and_o so_o to_o be_v convey_v against_o the_o stream_n of_o volga_n into_o moscovia_n and_o so_o to_o holland_n but_o the_o sum_n and_o stock_n require_v be_v so_o vast_a to_o compass_v and_o manage_v it_o and_o the_o proposition_n and_o passage_n so_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a that_o they_o give_v it_o over_o with_o this_o opinion_n of_o the_o world_n that_o they_o endeavour_v to_o swim_v against_o too_o great_a a_o stream_n and_o that_o they_o have_v some_o plot_n to_o set_v it_o afoot_o and_o never_o intend_v to_o go_v through_o with_o it_o or_o otherwise_o be_v not_o able_a to_o compass_v the_o same_o since_o which_o the_o duke_n of_o have_v put_v on_o for_o a_o branch_n only_o thereof_o but_o when_o the_o account_n come_v to_o be_v make_v up_o his_o mean_n be_v too_o mean_a to_o go_v through_o with_o that_o small_a propose_a part_n he_o aim_v at_o and_o last_o the_o english_a east-india-company_n as_o merchant_n measure_v their_o action_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o purse_n have_v more_o prosperous_o succeed_v and_o in_o hispahan_n have_v contract_v with_o the_o sophy_n for_o a_o round_a quantity_n who_o have_v merchant-like_a perform_v on_o their_o part_n the_o condition_n agree_v upon_o so_o far_o to_o his_o good_a like_n that_o by_o his_o late_a ambassador_n in_o england_n the_o whole_a yearly_a growth_n be_v tender_v and_o offer_v to_o they_o but_o his_o ill_a performance_n in_o the_o lesser_a make_v they_o question_v the_o like_a in_o the_o great_a and_o therefore_o to_o their_o honour_n refuse_v it_o now_o as_o concern_v the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o country_n traffic_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o manufacture_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o pass_v they_o over_o in_o silence_n as_o be_v of_o lesser_a consequence_n and_o hasten_v to_o tartary_n the_o next_o country_n border_v upon_o the_o persian_n chap._n lxxxiii_o of_o tartary_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o tartary_n tartary_n tartary_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o eastern_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n with_o moscovis_n and_o moldavia_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o hill_n taurus_n and_o the_o wall_n of_o china_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o these_o province_n precopensis_n asistica_n antiqua_fw-la zagathai_n and_o cathaia_n procopensis_fw-la procopensis_fw-la in_o tartaria-procopensis_a be_v find_v the_o ancient_a city_n of_o crim_n the_o seat_n of_o tartarian_a ruler_n whence_o this_o nation_n have_v their_o original_a and_o name_n also_o oksacou_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o present_a prince_n and_o last_o caffa_n the_o only_a seaport_n of_o consequence_n in_o these_o part_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o it_o will_v be_v needful_a i_o shall_v speak_v a_o word_n chap._n lxxxiv_o of_o caffa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o it_o caffa_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o it_o caffa_n ancient_o theodosia_n seat_v commodious_o for_o traffic_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o black_a sea_n be_v by_o mahomet_n the_o great_a take_v from_o the_o genoese_a and_o be_v the_o present_a scale_n for_o all_o commodity_n that_o pass_v by_o sea_n from_o constantinople_n trabesond_n podalia_n and_o wâ—lâ—chia_n by_o danubius_n and_o such_o other_o place_n to_o tartary_n muscovia_n etc._n etc._n the_o country_n afford_v great_a abundance_n of_o cow-hides_a wax_n honey_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o pickle_a fish_n much_o resemble_v the_o english_a herring_n here_o catch_v upon_o this_o coast_n also_o it_o send_v to_o constantinople_n some_o butter_n sow_v up_o in_o oxe-hides_a of_o all_o colour_n and_o sluttish_o make_v which_o serve_v for_o provision_n there_o to_o the_o slave_n and_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n inhabit_v this_o large_a city_n also_o thence_o the_o grand_a signior_n have_v his_o principal_a timber_n for_o the_o build_n of_o his_o galley_n ship_n and_o such_o other_o like_o provision_n caffa_n do_v in_o matter_n of_o merchandise_n and_o trade_n retain_v still_o much_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o genoese_a to_o who_o for_o a_o long_a time_n it_o be_v subject_a and_o so_o do_v thana_n sorgat_v and_o other_o principal_a city_n border_v upon_o the_o black_a sea_n which_o i_o will_v in_o brief_a touch_n so_o far_o as_o i_o have_v gather_v the_o same_o when_o i_o live_v in_o turkey_n caffa_n coin_n current_a in_o caffa_n first_o then_o the_o coin_n of_o caffa_n
square_v out_o proportionable_o and_o every_o street_n be_v draw_v out_o to_o a_o line_n so_o that_o every_o gate_n yield_v a_o free_a prospect_n through_o the_o city_n to_o the_o opposite_a gate_n beautify_v on_o each_o side_n with_o stately_a edifice_n and_o house_n for_o the_o honourable_a of_o this_o country_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o city_n be_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n wherein_o the_o grand_a cham_n reside_v with_o all_o his_o queen_n and_o child_n and_o wherein_o be_v place_v a_o bell_n which_o be_v toll_v at_o certain_a hour_n of_o the_o evening_n after_o which_o may_v no_o man_n stir_v out_o of_o door_n until_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o day_n follow_v the_o largeness_n rarity_n curiosity_n and_o richness_n of_o this_o palace_n the_o partition_n allow_v his_o queen_n and_o lodging_n appoint_v for_o his_o child_n and_o their_o daily_a attendant_n and_o the_o order_n beauty_n and_o manner_n thereof_o i_o willing_o omit_v as_o not_o pertinent_a to_o my_o present_a purpose_n without_o this_o city_n wall_n be_v account_v 12_o suburb_n of_o 3_o or_o 4_o mile_n long_o adjoin_v to_o each_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a 12_o gate_n and_o here_o all_o merchant_n stranger_n and_o foreigner_n do_v abide_v each_o nation_n have_v a_o several_a cane_n or_o storehouse_n where_o they_o both_o lodge_v and_o exercise_v their_o merchandise_n and_o traffic_v one_o with_o another_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o these_o several_a country_n the_o confluence_n of_o merchant_n here_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v wonderful_a see_v it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o city_n be_v so_o populous_a that_o the_o cham_n maintain_v 5000_o astrologer_n here_o daily_o beside_o many_o thousand_o of_o soldier_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n that_o 12000_o horse_n be_v account_v but_o as_o his_o ordinary_a and_o daily_a guard_n thereof_o exendu_fw-fr and_o the_o largeness_n thereof_o beside_o which_o the_o near_a neighbourhood_n of_o exendu_fw-fr the_o principal_a place_n of_o the_o grand_a cham_fw-mi seat_v not_o many_o day_n journey_n hence_o where_o merchant_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o enter_v be_v build_v in_o a_o four_o square_a figure_n every_o side_n extend_v eight_o mile_n in_o length_n within_o this_o quadrant_n be_v another_o who_o side_n be_v six_o mile_n long_o and_o within_o that_o another_o of_o four_o mile_n square_a which_o be_v account_v the_o very_a palace_n itself_o and_o between_o which_o several_a wall_n be_v find_v walk_n garden_n orchard_n fishpond_n place_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o courtly_a and_o military_a exercise_n and_o also_o park_n forest_n and_o chase_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o pleasure_n and_o game_n and_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o attendant_n and_o servitor_n that_o of_o necessity_n be_v require_v to_o wait_v upon_o so_o great_a a_o prince_n with_o the_o officer_n thereto_o belong_v not_o but_o much_o increase_n the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o this_o city_n and_o place_n as_o for_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n of_o cambalu_n and_o general_o of_o all_o tartary_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o country_n though_o in_o a_o large_a tract_n extend_v itself_o upon_o the_o north_n ocean_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_o continue_a cold_n and_o frost_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v but_o little_a benefit_n thereof_o however_o it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o the_o molucco_n japan_n and_o other_o islander_n thereabouts_o in_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n have_v here_o a_o great_a traffic_n and_o that_o hence_o these_o tartarian_n be_v furnish_v with_o the_o spice_n of_o india_n the_o gem_n of_o pegu_n and_o bengala_n and_o peradventure_o with_o other_o the_o drug_n of_o arabian_a but_o upon_o the_o caspian_a sea_n they_o be_v the_o master_n of_o many_o good_a seaport_n beside_o astracan_a which_z of_o late_o they_o have_v lose_v to_o the_o muscovite_n as_o zahaspa_n cosmi_n melmesuach_n and_o other_o by_o which_o be_v convey_v to_o they_o the_o silk_n tapestry_n carpet_n arm_n and_o excellent_a manufacture_n of_o persia_n and_o in_o the_o black-sea_n beside_o capha_n now_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o turk_n they_o enjoy_v the_o brave_a port_n of_o curaropo_fw-it asow_n and_o other_o serve_v to_o convey_v unto_o they_o the_o commodity_n of_o turkey_n trabesond_n podolia_n walacia_fw-la and_o other_o country_n border_v upon_o the_o famous_a river_n of_o danubius_n now_o for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o large_a empire_n it_o border_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o muscovia_n with_o who_o it_o be_v now_o in_o peace_n though_o not_o seldom_o at_o debate_n from_o whence_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o traffic_n which_o i_o find_v observe_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o great_a consequence_n they_o have_v rich_a fur_n and_o other_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n but_o where_o it_o border_v upon_o china_n which_o be_v for_o a_o very_a large_a extent_n of_o ground_n by_o some_o author_n account_v 400_o league_n the_o common_a report_n of_o the_o strict_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o debar_v entrance_n to_o all_o stranger_n shall_v persuade_v i_o of_o little_a traffic_n that_o way_n yet_o i_o find_v it_o observe_v by_o some_o late_a traveller_n who_o relation_n herein_o be_v questionable_a that_o the_o city_n of_o cambalu_n receive_v yearly_a thence_o by_o way_n of_o traffic_n 10000_o cart_n lade_v with_o silk_n and_o stuff_n of_o the_o china_n fabric_n the_o truth_n thereof_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o reader_n mulberry-tree_n coin_n current_a in_o cambalu_n and_o through_o tartary_n of_o the_o bark_n of_o mulberry-tree_n as_o for_o the_o money_n current_n in_o this_o large_a territory_n i_o find_v it_o to_o be_v diverse_o make_v yet_o neither_o of_o gold_n nor_o of_o silver_n coin_v but_o of_o the_o middle_a bark_n of_o the_o mulberry_n tree_n which_o be_v make_v firm_a and_o cut_v into_o divers_a and_o round_a piece_n great_a and_o little_a they_o imprint_v the_o king_n mark_n thereupon_o and_o from_o this_o mean_a stuff_n the_o emperor_n cause_v a_o huge_a mass_n of_o money_n to_o be_v yearly_o make_v at_o cambalu_n which_o suffice_v for_o his_o whole_a empire_n and_o no_o man_n under_o pain_n of_o death_n may_v coin_v or_o spend_v any_o other_o money_n or_o refuse_v it_o in_o all_o his_o kingdom_n and_o dominion_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o merchant_n often_o come_v hither_o from_o far_o and_o remote_a country_n bring_v with_o they_o gold_n silver_n pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o receive_v the_o king_n money_n for_o they_o and_o because_o the_o same_o be_v not_o current_a in_o their_o country_n they_o therewith_o buy_v in_o this_o empire_n other_o the_o commodity_n here_o find_v which_o they_o carry_v hence_o away_o with_o they_o the_o king_n also_o pay_v his_o stipend_n officer_n and_o army_n with_o the_o say_a money_n and_o buy_v whasoever_o else_o he_o need_v with_o the_o same_o so_o that_o no_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n can_v exceed_v he_o in_o treasure_n which_o be_v at_o so_o easy_a a_o rate_n provide_v and_o procure_v polish_v of_o coral_n polish_v beside_o which_o i_o find_v it_o observe_v in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o large_a country_n subject_n to_o some_o subordinate_a king_n in_o subjection_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n that_o they_o use_v in_o some_o place_n piece_n of_o polish_a coral_n in_o stead_n of_o money_n and_o in_o other_o they_o have_v certain_a twig_n of_o gold_n in_o lieu_n of_o money_n which_o be_v distinguish_v by_o weight_n into_o several_a parcel_n without_o stamp_n or_o character_n and_o this_o be_v account_v in_o matter_n of_o consequence_n harden_v of_o salt_n in_o loaf_n harden_v but_o they_o have_v a_o lesser_a coin_n if_o i_o may_v so_o term_v it_o make_v of_o salt_n which_o they_o boil_v in_o caldron_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n which_o congeal_v they_o make_v into_o lump_n like_o our_o peny-loave_n which_o be_v make_v solid_a be_v sign_v with_o the_o prince_n stamp_n and_o pass_v thus_o current_a among_o they_o and_o wherewith_o they_o provide_v themselves_o of_o all_o necessary_n in_o some_o other_o i_o find_v also_o that_o they_o use_v porcelan_n for_o money_n and_o weigh_v piece_n of_o gold_n for_o in_o some_o country_n of_o this_o empire_n silver_n mine_n be_v not_o find_v and_o they_o give_v in_o proportion_n one_o ounce_n of_o gold_n for_o five_o ounce_n of_o silver_n neither_o be_v it_o find_v in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o country_n that_o they_o have_v the_o use_n of_o letter_n therefore_o the_o merchant_n make_v their_o contract_n and_o obligation_n in_o tally_n of_o wood_n the_o half_a whereof_o the_o one_o keep_v and_o the_o other_o the_o other_o half_o which_o be_v aftetwards_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v the_o say_a tally_n be_v restore_v not_o much_o unlike_o the_o custom_n of_o tally_n in_o england_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o this_o country_n the_o strange_a custom_n
likewise_o of_o those_o former_a province_n name_v aristan_n 6._o bengala_n 7._o aristan_n the_o six_o and_o seven_o be_v bengala_n and_o aristan_n where_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o cattigan_n and_o satigan_n and_o principal_o for_o trade_n that_o of_o bengala_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o gulf_n know_v by_o that_o name_n and_o orissa_n inhabit_v by_o christian_n of_o st._n thomas_n so_o call_v because_o he_o convert_v they_o canora_fw-la 8._o canora_fw-la the_o eight_o be_v canora_fw-la under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o mogul_n the_o most_o famous_a city_n be_v ultabat_fw-la lispor_fw-la melinda_n etc._n etc._n dellia_n 9_o dellia_n the_o nine_o be_v dellia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v dellie_n the_o sometime_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n the_o other_o famous_a city_n be_v tremel_n fatabar_n and_o chesmer_n famous_a for_o the_o study_n here_o of_o magic_n all_o these_o mighty_a province_n have_v be_v conquer_v by_o the_o great_a mogul_n force_n within_o these_o 90_o year_n to_o the_o astonishment_n of_o all_o india_n gangem_fw-la india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la contain_v 12_o potent_a kingdom_n and_o all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o potent_a king_n of_o barma_n which_o cursory_o i_o will_v also_o run_v over_o macin_n 1._o macin_n the_o first_o be_v macin_n aquavitae_fw-la lignum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la famous_a for_o that_o sweet-wood_n which_o this_o country_n do_v produce_v call_v aloe_n or_o lignum_fw-la vitoe_n value_v at_o its_o weight_n in_o pure_a silver_n serviceable_a only_o here_o for_o the_o pompous_a funeral_n of_o great_a prince_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v the_o say_v macin_n aracan_a 2._o aracan_a the_o second_o be_v aracan_a ava_n ava_n wherein_o be_v the_o city_n of_o ava_n which_o through_o the_o world_n be_v so_o famous_a for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gem_n cambaia_n 3._o cambaia_n the_o three_o be_v cambaia_n famous_a for_o this_o city_n of_o cambaia_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n which_o afford_v plenty_n of_o gold_n silver_n aloe_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n of_o great_a worth_n couchin-china_n 4._o couchin-china_n the_o four_o be_v couchin_n china_n abound_v with_o the_o like_a commodity_n bring_v to_o couchin-china_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n of_o all_o country_n for_o porcelain_n and_o china-dish_n here_o make_v and_o much_o in_o esteem_n and_o use_v in_o these_o country_n barma_n 5._o barma_n the_o five_o be_v barma_n make_v famous_a only_o within_o 60_o year_n for_o the_o prince_n hereof_o have_v vanquish_v all_o the_o former_a kingdom_n and_o make_v they_o tributary_n to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o this_o sceptre_n siam_n 6._o siam_n the_o six_o be_v siam_n once_o the_o lady_n of_o all_o india_n now_o subject_a to_o barma_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v mollacia_n in_o compass_n 20_o mile_n a_o town_n of_o great_a resort_n for_o merchant_n for_o the_o traffic_n of_o spice_n and_o now_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o portugal_n the_o next_o be_v siam_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n mean_a which_o every_o year_n overflow_v the_o country_n for_o 120_o mile_n and_o last_o odin_n on_o the_o river_n cuipomo_n on_o which_o 200000_o boat_n be_v find_v daily_o to_o be_v set_v on_o work_n and_o contain_v 400000_o family_n and_o be_v now_o know_v the_o residence_n of_o that_o famous_a and_o fortunate_a king_n of_o barma_n beforementioned_a pegu._n 7._o pegu._n the_o seven_o be_v pegu_n which_o give_v name_n to_o a_o principal_a city_n have_v a_o rich_a soil_n and_o harbourous_a seashore_n the_o principal_a know_a haven_n be_v martaban_n and_o here_o be_v also_o lasmin_a a_o city_n of_o great_a commerce_n this_o country_n have_v suffer_v much_o by_o sword_n pestilence_n and_o famine_n within_o these_o late_a year_n and_o be_v now_o as_o the_o rest_n a_o province_n of_o this_o aforesaid_a powerful_a king_n of_o barma_n now_o have_v thus_o survey_v india_n in_o the_o general_a and_o in_o gross_a as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o kingdom_n and_o province_n it_o will_v be_v requisite_a it_o shall_v next_o be_v survey_v in_o the_o particular_a so_o far_o as_o it_o may_v concern_v our_o present_a purpose_n which_o be_v the_o commerce_n and_o trade_n thereof_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n know_v to_o our_o nation_n wherein_o i_o can_v wish_v my_o experience_n better_a to_o show_v the_o particular_n thereof_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o large_a extent_n of_o ground_n that_o be_v comprise_v under_o this_o name_n of_o india_n stretch_v itself_o from_o taurus_n to_o the_o ocean_n one_o way_n and_o from_o china_n to_o persia_n which_o be_v near_o 4000_o mile_n another_o way_n at_o which_o place_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a for_o i_o to_o begin_v my_o trade_n and_o see_v what_o may_v be_v observe_v therein_o yet_o before_o i_o enter_v into_o this_o discovery_n and_o give_v a_o particular_a relation_n of_o such_o material_n wherewith_o trade_n be_v in_o itself_o practise_v through_o this_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n island_n and_o sea_n and_o before_o i_o show_v the_o matter_n wherewith_o this_o trade_n be_v in_o all_o this_o country_n drive_v it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a i_o shall_v also_o see_v who_o they_o principal_o be_v that_o manage_v this_o trade_n and_o to_o who_o this_o great_a traffic_n appertain_v either_o as_o they_o be_v native_n and_o here_o bear_v or_o as_o they_o be_v stranger_n and_o here_o be_v induce_v to_o reside_v attract_v thereto_o by_o the_o sole_a motive_n of_o the_o great_a commerce_n and_o rich_a commodity_n find_v either_o natural_o here_o grow_v or_o artificial_o here_o make_v and_o produce_v general_n commodity_n of_o india_n in_o general_n this_o country_n then_o as_o i_o say_v before_o abound_v in_o the_o general_a with_o all_o manner_n of_o mineral_n copper_n and_o lead_v except_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o cattle_n horse_n except_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o spice_n with_o many_o sort_n of_o drug_n cotton_n cloth_n precious_a stone_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o want_n of_o wine_n and_o wheat_n that_o here_o they_o have_v that_o so_o this_o country_n may_v be_v behold_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o other_o as_o other_o be_v for_o her_o commodity_n to_o this_o these_o be_v then_o the_o prime_a commodity_n wherewith_o trade_n be_v here_o maintain_v i_o will_v note_v the_o trader_n and_o native_a merchant_n that_o be_v here_o resident_a which_o proper_o i_o may_v account_v to_o be_v of_o five_o several_a sort_n all_o acknowledge_v several_a rite_n religion_n and_o custom_n and_o therefore_o partake_v of_o so_o many_o several_a form_n and_o manner_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o their_o affair_n of_o merchandize_v india_n the_o merchant_n in_o general_a trade_n in_o india_n the_o gentile_a merchant_n be_v the_o first_o and_o be_v find_v of_o great_a eminency_n in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o tract_n the_o native_a christian_n convert_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o st._n thomas_n be_v the_o second_o who_o in_o many_o place_n be_v find_v to_o manage_v a_o great_a and_o ample_a trade_n through_o this_o country_n the_o three_o be_v the_o mahometan_n persian_n and_o tartarian_n especial_o since_o the_o great_a victory_n of_o the_o mogul_n find_v here_o also_o of_o great_a quality_n and_o estate_n the_o four_o be_v the_o jew_n who_o live_v stragling_o disperse_v over_o and_o through_o all_o part_n of_o this_o country_n and_o in_o every_o prince_n dominion_n exercise_v the_o same_o the_o five_o be_v moor_n and_o arabian_n who_o some_o 200_o year_n pass_v seize_v on_o some_o haven-town_n here_o along_o this_o coast_n drive_v the_o native_n into_o the_o inland_a part_n and_o at_o this_o day_n be_v see_v to_o be_v very_o great_a merchant_n the_o six_o be_v the_o portugal_n who_o possess_v some_o few_o sea-town_n commodious_a for_o traffic_n brag_v of_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n which_o they_o be_v in_o no_o more_o possibility_n entire_o to_o conquer_v and_o possess_v than_o the_o french_a be_v to_o subdue_v spain_n when_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o fort_n of_o perpignan_n or_o the_o english_a to_o be_v master_n of_o france_n when_o they_o be_v only_a sovereign_n of_o calais_n and_o now_o to_o the_o city_n of_o this_o tract_n where_o at_o this_o day_n be_v find_v a_o trade_n to_o be_v practise_v and_o first_o of_o diu._n chap._n lxxxix_o of_o diu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o of_o diu_n and_o the_o trade_n there_o of_o the_o town_n and_o island_n of_o diu_n lie_v about_o 20_o league_n from_o the_o famous_a river_n indus_n and_o not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o firm_a land_n it_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o portugal_n who_o have_v conquer_v both_o the_o island_n and_o town_n from_o the_o king_n of_o cambaia_n and_o so_o fortify_v it_o as_o it_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v now_o invincible_a this_o town_n have_v a_o very_a good_a and_o great_a haven_n and_o
indeed_o the_o worst_a sort_n they_o call_v aia_n of_o cambaia_n and_o thus_o the_o price_n be_v by_o the_o man_n set_v thereon_o according_a to_o their_o sort_n goodness_n and_o greatness_n there_o be_v merchant_n of_o every_o country_n which_o be_v ready_a with_o their_o money_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o buy_v they_o so_o that_o in_o few_o day_n all_o the_o say_a parcel_n be_v buy_v up_o according_a to_o the_o say_a price_n set_v upon_o they_o alter_v according_a to_o the_o carack_n beauty_n and_o shape_n thereof_o and_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o fish_n and_o disperse_v of_o the_o pearl_n throughout_o india_n and_o thence_o through_o the_o world_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o think_v good_a to_o insert_v the_o same_o in_o this_o place_n chap._n xcii_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n practise_v alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n india_n the_o general_a trade_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n the_o coast_n of_o india_n know_v in_o these_o region_n be_v only_o so_o account_v from_o the_o island_n call_v alas_o vachas_n or_o from_o the_o town_n of_o daman_n to_o the_o cape_n of_o comarin_n not_o above_o 200_o mile_n in_o length_n wherein_o beside_o the_o metropolis_n goa_n be_v find_v sundry_a other_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n as_o first_o daman_n to_o the_o north_n of_o goa_n then_o basain_o then_o shall_fw-mi dabul_n and_o then_o goa_n and_o to_o the_o southward_o which_o some_o call_v the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n they_o hold_v rome_n onor_n barselor_n mangalor_n cananor_n calicut_n craganor_n cochin_n coulon_n and_o cape_n de_fw-fr comeri_fw-la which_o be_v account_v the_o last_o end_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o india_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n the_o trade_n of_o these_o sea_n port_n it_o will_v be_v needful_a i_o shall_v somewhat_o more_o particular_o survey_v the_o same_o shall_fw-mi daman_n basasen_n shall_fw-mi first_o then_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o coast_n be_v hold_v the_o wholesome_a and_o pure_a air_n for_o habitation_n the_o principal_a place_n be_v daman_n basasen_n and_o shall_fw-mi which_o be_v find_v in_o themselves_o to_o have_v good_a havens_n whereto_o great_a traffic_n be_v maintain_v throughout_o india_n the_o country_n hereabout_o abound_v in_o rice_n pease_n and_o other_o grain_n butter_n and_o oil_n of_o nut_n also_o cotton_n cloth_n great_a quantity_n especial_o baroche_n take_v the_o name_n from_o a_o city_n of_o this_o coast_n and_o in_o shall_fw-mi be_v find_v very_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o traffic_n to_o ormus_n cambaia_n sinde_n masquate_a bengala_n have_v therein_o many_o rich_a merchant_n and_o ship_n of_o great_a burden_n and_o here_o be_v also_o make_v divers_a kind_n of_o silk_n stuff_n as_o grogram_n sattim_n taffata_n and_o such_o like_a in_o such_o abundance_n that_o india_n and_o all_o other_o place_n border_v be_v serve_v therewith_o and_o behold_v thereto_o which_o bring_v a_o great_a trade_n to_o the_o say_a city_n of_o shall_fw-mi for_o they_o bring_v in_o the_o raw_a silk_n of_o china_n and_o be_v here_o spin_v weave_a and_o wrought_v carry_v it_o out_o again_o and_o distribute_v it_o throughout_o india_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n here_o also_o they_o make_v fair_a and_o excellent_a wrought_v bedsted_n box_n desk_n stool_n and_o other_o wooden_a art_n which_o bring_v they_o great_a profit_n and_o make_v this_o place_n famous_a throughout_o these_o part_n thereof_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o as_o for_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n onor_n be_v of_o good_a esteem_n where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o pepper_n yearly_o lade_v by_o the_o portugal_n factor_n account_v the_o best_a and_o full_a berry_n in_o all_o india_n the_o country_n hereabout_o belong_v to_o a_o queen_n rich_a in_o pepper_n who_o sell_v the_o say_a commodity_n only_o to_o the_o portugal_n but_o receive_v her_o money_n six_o month_n beforehand_o and_o at_o the_o season_n deliver_v the_o say_v contract_a pepper_n which_o by_o the_o portugal_n be_v house_v in_o their_o fort_n which_o by_o her_o leave_n they_o have_v here_o build_v till_o their_o ship_n come_v to_o fetch_v it_o away_o which_o be_v common_o but_o once_o a_o year_n cananor_n cananor_n cananor_n be_v hold_v the_o best_a fort_n they_o have_v upon_o all_o this_o coast_n and_o do_v abound_v with_o rice_n and_o pepper_n and_o near_o the_o fort_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n which_o be_v plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o coast_n and_o shore_n especial_o abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n and_o mast_n for_o ship_n of_o all_o size_n and_o sort_n calicut_n calicut_n calicut_n be_v once_o the_o most_o famous_a town_n of_o trade_n of_o all_o this_o shore_n and_o give_v name_n not_o only_o to_o the_o sort_n of_o pepper_n that_o here_o grow_v but_o also_o to_o that_o sort_n or_o cotton_n cloth_n that_o be_v first_o hence_o transport_v for_o europe_n but_o the_o emperor_n the_o then_o sovereign_a cochin_n cochin_n be_v enemy_n to_o the_o king_n of_o cochin_n with_o who_o the_o portugal_n at_o their_o first_o arrival_n here_o side_v and_o prosper_v by_o that_o mean_n overthrow_v the_o great_a traffic_n of_o calicut_n and_o advance_v the_o traffic_n of_o cochin_n who_o sovereign_a by_o mean_n of_o the_o trade_n be_v now_o become_v a_o mighty_a and_o rich_a prince_n in_o this_o country_n the_o city_n of_o cochin_n itself_o thereby_o so_o enlarge_v enrich_v and_o so_o well_o inhabit_v by_o portugal_n who_o be_v in_o part_n the_o new_a master_n by_o native_a malabar_n and_o other_o nation_n and_o seat_v upon_o a_o pleasant_a river_n and_o enjoy_v the_o commodity_n of_o a_o good_a channel_n and_o haven_n that_o it_o be_v account_v in_o these_o part_n for_o trade_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n the_o only_a second_o to_z goa_n here_o be_v lade_v yearly_a great_a quantity_n of_o pepper_n and_o a_o course_n sort_n of_o cinnamon_n vulgar_o call_v de_fw-fr matte_n nothing_o comparable_a to_o cinnamon_n of_o zelan_n account_v the_o best_a and_o hither_o come_v all_o the_o portugal_n ship_n to_o lade_v homeward_o after_o that_o they_o have_v unlade_v their_o european_a commodity_n in_o goa_n which_o add_v much_o to_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n two_o commodity_n hither_o import_v do_v much_o enrich_v this_o place_n 1._o the_o great_a store_n of_o silk_n that_o come_v hither_o raw_a from_o china_n to_o be_v wrought_v and_o next_o the_o great_a store_n of_o sugar_n that_o come_v from_o bengala_n to_o be_v spend_v for_o which_o the_o marry_a citizen_n be_v find_v to_o pay_v no_o custom_n to_o the_o king_n of_o cochin_n though_o for_o all_o other_o they_o pay_v 4_o per_fw-la cent_n but_o the_o stranger_n and_o unmarried_a pay_n at_o cochin_n nothing_o to_o the_o king_n but_o to_o the_o portugal_n 8_o per_fw-la cent_n portugal_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o farm_a the_o pepper_n in_o india_n by_o the_o portugal_n and_o because_o this_o great_a traffic_n for_o pepper_n be_v only_o peculiar_a to_o some_o private_a merchant_n or_o farmer_n authorise_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n it_o will_v not_o be_v unproper_a i_o shall_v here_o relate_v the_o manner_n thereof_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v then_o that_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n the_o first_o european_n trader_n into_o these_o part_n in_o all_o their_o navigation_n and_o discovery_n ever_o add_v the_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n towards_o the_o supportation_n of_o the_o expense_n of_o their_o conquest_n and_o have_v here_o build_v for_o conveniency_n of_o trade_n and_o protection_n of_o their_o merchant_n and_o subject_n many_o fortress_n and_o castle_n they_o ever_o so_o settle_v they_o that_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n port_n or_o harbour_n join_v to_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n may_v add_v mean_n and_o fair_a inducement_n to_o make_v by_o traffic_n their_o conquest_n profitable_a this_o coast_n then_o be_v find_v to_o abound_v with_o pepper_n a_o principal_a commodity_n then_o request_v in_o europe_n design_v it_o to_o be_v convert_v to_o his_o peculiar_a profit_n by_o all_o the_o provident_a way_n of_o a_o circumspect_a merchant_n string_n chi_fw-mi crâ—po_fw-la abrazia_fw-la poca_fw-la string_n but_o prince_n that_o will_v embrace_v all_o sometime_o grasp_v but_o a_o little_a for_o the_o same_o can_v not_o be_v so_o profitable_o contrive_v consider_v the_o distance_n of_o way_n length_n of_o time_n and_o trust_v to_o be_v commit_v to_o factor_n captain_n of_o fort_n and_o other_o but_o he_o find_v himself_o to_o come_v far_o short_a of_o his_o expectation_n in_o this_o point_n whereupon_o he_o be_v advise_v to_o let_v out_o the_o same_o to_o farm_n and_o contract_v it_o at_o certain_a condition_n to_o certain_a great_a and_o eminent_a merchant_n who_o shall_v stand_v in_o his_o place_n strong_o and_o
observation_n in_o trade_n as_o i_o have_v collect_v i_o will_v in_o brief_a touch_n aracan_a aracan_a the_o first_o on_o this_o coast_n and_o shore_n be_v aracan_a situate_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o cosmin_n which_o pass_v through_o some_o part_n of_o bengala_n and_o enter_v into_o that_o gulf_n at_o this_o city_n by_o which_o commodious_a situation_n it_o be_v find_v plentiful_o store_v as_o well_o with_o the_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n as_o the_o natural_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o macoa_n macoa_n the_o next_o be_v macoa_n seat_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o that_o great_a and_o famous_a river_n martaban_n which_o by_o ten_o mouth_n issue_v into_o the_o sea_n give_v a_o great_a supply_n to_o this_o country_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n that_o be_v find_v in_o india_n from_o whence_o this_o mighty_a river_n have_v its_o source_n pegu._n pegu._n the_o three_o be_v pegu_n itself_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a coast_n seat_v in_o like_a manner_n upon_o one_o of_o the_o say_a mouth_n which_o as_o be_v the_o principal_a seat_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o country_n i_o will_v a_o little_a more_o particular_o survey_v martaban_n river_n of_o martaban_n the_o marvellous_a great_a tide_n and_o violent_a current_n of_o this_o great_a river_n be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v omit_v as_o appertain_v to_o trade_n for_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o itself_o so_o swift_a that_o neither_o wind_n nor_o oar_n can_v make_v head_n or_o way_n against_o it_o and_o because_o it_o be_v find_v to_o keep_v a_o constant_a course_n of_o ebb_v and_o flow_v therefore_o in_o their_o sail_v they_o still_o observe_v the_o tide_n thereof_o and_o when_o those_o tide_n be_v at_o high_a there_o be_v certain_a station_n on_o the_o bank_n whereto_o their_o boat_n galliots_n and_o barge_n be_v fasten_v until_o the_o tide_n do_v again_o serve_v their_o turn_n to_o proceed_v on_o their_o voyage_n this_o one_o thing_n more_o i_o find_v wonderful_a here_o that_o these_o tide_n come_v not_o in_o by_o a_o constant_a continue_a pace_n or_o measure_n but_o come_v rush_v in_o at_o the_o first_o with_o a_o great_a violence_n with_o a_o hideous_a noise_n and_o roar_a such_o as_o in_o some_o lesser_a sort_n be_v see_v in_o the_o river_n of_o roven_n and_o in_o our_o river_n of_o severn_n in_o england_n as_o for_o the_o city_n of_o pegu_n itself_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n in_o the_o one_o the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n reside_v late_o build_v and_o rich_o beautify_v and_o therefore_o call_v the_o new_a town_n the_o other_o part_n inhabit_v only_o by_o merchant_n artificer_n seaman_n and_o such_o like_a and_o call_v the_o old_a town_n every_o house_n in_o the_o old_a town_n where_o merchant_n do_v reside_v have_v a_o place_n build_v strong_o of_o brick_n which_o as_o a_o warehouse_n serve_v his_o occasion_n call_v by_o they_o godon_n especial_o to_o prevent_v fire_v which_o this_o town_n be_v much_o subject_n to_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o combustible_a matter_n it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o new_a town_n be_v wall_v about_o and_o be_v a_o perfect_a square_n have_v twenty_o gate_n five_o in_o each_o angle_n ditch_v about_o and_o water_v wherein_o many_o crocodile_n be_v keep_v for_o watch_n of_o the_o place_n by_o night_n the_o wall_n be_v beautify_v with_o many_o turret_n for_o sentinel_n guild_v with_o gold_n the_o street_n be_v very_o fair_a straight_o as_o a_o line_n and_o so_o broad_a as_o fifteen_o horseman_n may_v ride_v abrest_n on_o both_o side_n at_o each_o man_n door_n be_v set_v palm-tree_n which_o grow_v make_v a_o fair_a show_n and_o thereby_o all_o passenger_n may_v walk_v daily_o in_o the_o shadow_n from_o one_o street_n to_o another_o to_o prevent_v the_o extraordinary_a heat_n of_o the_o place_n and_o climate_n the_o great_a trade_n that_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n exercise_v in_o pegu_n be_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o cormandel_n with_o pintado_n cotton_n cloth_n and_o other_o bombasin_n much_o in_o request_n here_o but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o ship_n must_v depart_v that_o coast_n by_o the_o six_o of_o september_n and_o take_v the_o monsione_n wind_n otherwise_o they_o lose_v their_o voyage_n for_o that_o year_n from_o bengala_n also_o come_v hither_o sundry_a ship_n with_o cotton_n cloth_n and_o other_o such_o wear_n commodity_n which_o take_v also_o the_o season_n of_o the_o wind_n arrive_v here_o when_o the_o cormondel_n ship_n be_v ready_a to_o depart_v the_o principal_a harbour_n or_o port_n where_o these_o ship_n do_v ride_v be_v call_v cosmin_n and_o the_o place_n where_o the_o great_a ship_n do_v anchor_n to_o lade_v and_o unlade_v their_o good_n from_o mecca_n come_v also_o sundry_a ship_n lade_v with_o woollen_a cloth_n damask_n velvet_n and_o chicken_n from_o malacca_n come_v many_o small_a vessel_n lade_v with_o pepper_n sanders_n porcelan_n of_o china_n camphora_n and_o other_o commodity_n from_o summatra_n come_v also_o sundry_a ship_n with_o pepper_n and_o other_o ware_n all_o which_o good_n be_v very_o strict_o look_v into_o for_o payment_n of_o the_o king_n custom_n at_o land_v which_o be_v here_o pay_v in_o kind_n and_o amount_v unto_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o the_o king_n do_v hold_v it_o for_o a_o great_a affront_n to_o be_v wrong_v of_o a_o penny_n of_o it_o ruby_n saphire_n and_o spinal_n pay_v here_o no_o custom_n in_o or_o out_o as_o be_v the_o proper_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n for_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o this_o place_n there_o be_v ordain_v eight_o broker_n oâ—_n tareghe_v by_o the_o king_n authority_n who_o be_v bind_v to_o sell_v and_o vend_v all_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n come_v to_o pegu_n for_o all_o man_n account_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o they_o be_v having_z two_o per_fw-mi cent_n for_o their_o brokerage_n and_o be_v liable_a to_o make_v good_a the_o debt_n they_o make_v which_o no_o merchant_n there_o resident_a can_v avoid_v for_o they_o will_v have_v the_o say_v two_o per_fw-la cent_n by_o the_o king_n authority_n grant_v they_o whether_o their_o help_n be_v take_v or_o not_o in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v ordain_v certain_a broker_n for_o the_o buy_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n buy_v in_o pegu_n wherein_o be_v find_v among_o they_o such_o candid_a deal_n that_o a_o stranger_n can_v hardly_o be_v wrong_v or_o abuse_v if_o he_o have_v but_o so_o much_o discretion_n to_o provide_v such_o good_n as_o may_v be_v proper_a for_o the_o country_n whither_o he_o send_v they_o pegu._n strange_a manner_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o pegu._n the_o commodity_n native_a of_o this_o place_n and_o country_n be_v these_o gold_n silver_n ruby_n saphire_n spinal_n dig_v at_o caplan_n six_o day_n journey_n from_o auâ—_n in_o this_o kingdom_n great_a store_n of_o benjamin_n long_a pepper_n lead_v lacca_n rice_n niperwine_n and_o sugar_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o bargain_v as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o use_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v here_o worth_a observe_n all_o their_o bargain_n by_o their_o law_n must_v be_v make_v public_o and_o in_o open_a assembly_n of_o and_o before_o all_o stander_n by_o who_o because_o they_o shall_v yet_o not_o know_v what_o be_v bid_v or_o demand_v for_o any_o commodity_n the_o brokâ—rs_n either_o buyer_n or_o seller_n have_v see_v the_o commodity_n and_o like_v of_o it_o put_v his_o hand_n under_o a_o cloth_n and_o touch_v the_o party_n hand_n interest_v and_o by_o nip_a touch_v and_o pinch_v of_o certain_a joint_n of_o each_o other_o hand_n they_o know_v what_o be_v bid_v and_o demand_v without_o word_n speak_v which_o these_o broker_n again_o with_o the_o other_o hand_n cover_v in_o like_a manner_n give_v notice_n of_o to_o the_o party_n who_o set_v he_o on_o work_n and_o either_o so_o order_n he_o to_o proceed_v to_o bid_v more_o or_o less_o or_o else_o to_o give_v over_o and_o after_o this_o manner_n be_v all_o their_o câ—…tracts_n here_o make_v and_o afterward_o by_o the_o say_a broker_n register_v according_o in_o leaf_n of_o tree_n which_o with_o they_o be_v use_v as_o paper_n with_o we_o merchant_n maid_n let_v out_o to_o serve_v both_o by_o day_n and_o night_n service_n to_o merchant_n and_o when_o any_o stranger_n and_o foreign_a merchant_n arrive_v here_o these_o broker_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o place_n to_o provide_v they_o a_o house_n magazine_n and_o lodging_n whilst_o they_o be_v here_o resident_a and_o when_o the_o house_n be_v take_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n send_v to_o know_v how_o long_a time_n he_o intend_v to_o stay_v with_o they_o and_o withal_o appoint_v certain_a maid_n of_o the_o town_n to_o go_v to_o he_o that_o out_o of_o they_o he_o may_v make_v choice_n of_o one_o
as_o i_o say_v before_o which_o they_o account_v as_o their_o great_a treasure_n and_o with_o which_o their_o barter_n and_o exchange_n for_o thing_n necessary_a be_v make_v but_o now_o of_o late_a the_o king_n of_o achin_n in_o imitation_n of_o other_o adjoin_a prince_n and_o so_o the_o near_a neighbourhood_n of_o malacca_n now_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o portugal_n have_v coin_v money_n which_o in_o these_o day_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v these_o a_o mass_n which_o be_v here_o account_v for_o 4_o cappan_n which_o be_v 12_o d._n sterling_a a_o tail_n be_v 16_o mass_n or_o 3â…•_n â„ž_o â—_o â—_o or_o sterling_a money_n 16_o s._n a_o cattee_n be_v 8_o tail_n in_o ordinary_a account_n and_o worth_a 25â…”_n â„ž_o â—_o spanish_a or_o 6_o l._n 8_o s._n sterling_a and_o sometime_o in_o exchange_n from_o hence_o to_o other_o adjacent_a part_n they_o account_v 7¼_n and_o 7½_n tail_n to_o one_o cattee_n java_n account_n keep_v in_o java_n in_o other_o part_n of_o this_o island_n as_o jambe_n tycho_n and_o priaman_n they_o have_v no_o coin_n of_o their_o own_o but_o the_o most_o current_a be_v the_o spanish_a â„ž_o â—_o in_o which_o the_o european_n keep_v their_o account_n and_o for_o distinction_n divide_v it_o to_o be_v 60_o denier_n or_o pence_n to_o a_o â„ž_o â—_o jambe_n weight_n of_o summatra_n achin_n priaman_n jambe_n the_o common_a through_o all_o summatra_n be_v a_o bahar_n but_o yet_o find_v to_o vary_v in_o many_o place_n and_o consist_v of_o cattee_n which_o in_o greatness_n also_o vary_v and_o from_o thence_o come_v the_o difference_n but_o in_o achin_n priamam_fw-la ticcou_n and_o jambe_n where_o the_o english_a reside_v the_o bahar_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o each_o of_o these_o place_n 200_o cattee_n every_o cattee_n be_v 29_o ounce_n english_a so_o that_o by_o this_o computation_n the_o bahar_n must_v make_v 360_o l._n english_a sotile_a summatra_n measure_n in_o summatra_n the_o measure_n here_o in_o use_n be_v chap._n cvi_o of_o borneo_n island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o borneo_n island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o next_o island_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v borneo_n and_o be_v equal_o divide_v by_o the_o aequinoctial_a into_o two_o part_n put_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bind_v between_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o borneo_n on_o the_o north-side_n and_o of_o laus_n on_o the_o south_n in_o compass_n account_v above_o 2200_o mile_n and_o hold_v the_o great_a of_o all_o this_o ocean_n island_n commodity_n of_o borneo_n island_n the_o country_n do_v yield_v in_o great_a abundance_n the_o wood_n which_o we_o call_v camphora_n also_o that_o wood_n know_v by_o the_o portugal_n by_o the_o name_n of_o polo_n d'_fw-fr aguila_n and_o also_o that_o costly_a sweat_n wood_n which_o be_v call_v collamba_n which_o be_v good_a be_v weigh_v against_o silver_n and_o gold_n also_o here_o be_v find_v some_o gold_n diamond_n nutmeg_n mace_n agarick_n and_o other_o spice_n and_o great_a abundance_n of_o that_o excellent_a antidote_n which_o in_o europe_n be_v call_v the_o bezoar-stone_n island_n town_n of_o borneo_n island_n it_o be_v plentiful_o store_v with_o many_o fair_a town_n and_o harbour_n as_o cabura_n taioparra_n tamorutas_fw-la and_o borneo_n the_o metropolis_n and_o most_o magnificent_a above_o all_o the_o rest_n contain_v 25_o thousand_o inhabitant_n and_o seat_v in_o a_o marish_a of_o the_o sea_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o venice_n borneo_n secodana_n and_o benicrmasa_n english_a factory_n in_o borneo_n also_o secodana_n where_o many_o diamond_n be_v find_v and_o where_o the_o english_a some_o year_n past_a have_v a_o factory_a and_o residence_n as_o also_o the_o same_o in_o beniermasa_n another_o good_a port_n in_o this_o island_n i_o have_v not_o meet_v with_o the_o coin_n current_n here_o in_o payment_n for_o merchandise_n nor_o yet_o with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n in_o use_n in_o this_o island_n therefore_o must_v refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o better_o experience_v and_o to_o the_o trader_n thither_o chap._n cvii_o of_o celebs_n island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o island_n celebs_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o island_n of_o celebs_n be_v the_o next_o in_o this_o tract_n nor_o far_o distant_a from_o borneo_n island_n through_o part_n of_o which_o run_v the_o equator_fw-la yield_v by_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o same_o commodity_n proper_a to_o summatra_n borneo_n gilolo_n and_o other_o seat_v under_o the_o same_o line_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o several_a prince_n and_o enjoy_v some_o eminent_a town_n frequent_v by_o european_a merchant_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o their_o rich_a commodity_n as_o durati_fw-la mamaio_n tubon_n and_o celebs_fw-la maccasar_n the_o english_a factory_a in_o celebs_fw-la maccasar_n the_o chief_a port_n for_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o this_o island_n and_o where_o the_o english_a have_v a_o residence_n and_o factory_a and_o follow_v their_o observation_n make_v in_o this_o place_n i_o 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the_o island_n thereof_o the_o portugal_n than_o be_v the_o first_o that_o break_v the_o ice_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1498._o depart_v from_o lisbon_n under_o command_n of_o vasco_n di_fw-it gamma_n double_v the_o cape_n of_o bona_n esperance_fw-fr which_o have_v prove_v so_o successful_a to_o they_o since_o that_o time_n that_o they_o have_v master_v conquer_v and_o fortify_v themselves_o beyond_o that_o cape_n in_o soffala_n quiloa_n mosambique_n mombasa_n and_o in_o ormus_n in_o the_o persian_a gulf_n late_o again_o lose_v in_o india_n they_o have_v the_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o diu_n daman_n basain_n châ—…_n goa_n honour_n barsola_n mongalor_n cananor_n cronganor_n cochin_n and_o colan_n in_o silon_n they_o have_v column_n brag_v of_o one_o of_o the_o best_a port_n of_o the_o world_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n they_o hold_v negapatam_n and_o st._n thomas_n in_o bengala_n they_o have_v porto_n pequenio_n
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spaniard_n and_o the_o dutch_a nation_n wherein_o this_o city_n suffer_v pillage_n and_o endure_v the_o command_n of_o new_a law_n second_o the_o abrogation_n of_o part_n of_o those_o privilege_n that_o be_v grant_v here_o to_o the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n and_o other_o that_o the_o new_a and_o great_a custom_n impose_v upon_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n three_o the_o navigation_n of_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a to_o the_o east-indies_n whereby_o the_o portugal_n factor_n decrease_v thereby_o and_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o england_n and_o amsterdam_n in_o holland_n increase_v thereby_o be_v also_o sharer_n in_o the_o india_n trade_n and_o commodity_n leave_v by_o this_o mean_v this_o city_n bare_a and_o to_o subsist_v upon_o the_o traffic_n of_o her_o own_o inhabitant_n in_o that_o nature_n as_o now_o the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o be_v antwerp_n account_n in_o antwerp_n their_o account_n be_v here_o keep_v by_o liver_n sol_n and_o denier_n which_o they_o 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allowance_n or_o garble_n which_o be_v not_o then_o in_o use_n many_o observation_n have_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o this_o city_n which_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o general_a table_n by_o mr._n malines_n and_o the_o same_o be_v there_o accord_v with_o all_o the_o principal_a city_n in_o the_o world_n i_o will_v refer_v you_o thereunto_o for_o large_a satisfaction_n and_o content_v myself_o according_a to_o my_o method_n to_o insert_v the_o same_o as_o i_o find_v it_o with_o some_o other_o particular_a place_n because_o i_o have_v find_v some_o error_n in_o the_o say_a concordance_n place_n weight_n of_o antwerp_n compare_v with_o that_o of_o other_o place_n the_o weight_n then_o in_o use_n in_o antwerp_n be_v the_o 160_o l._n neat_a have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v render_v thus_o in_o london_n 104_o l._n marselia_n 115¾_n  _fw-fr venice_n sotile_fw-fr 155_o  _fw-fr ditto_n gross_a 97¾_n  _fw-fr sicilia_n 68_o  _fw-fr lisbon_n 84½_n  _fw-fr florence_n 132½_n  _fw-fr lion_n 110_o  _fw-fr sevil_n 101â…ž_n  _fw-fr dantzick_n 120_o  _fw-fr ormus_n 108_o rot._n aleppo_n common_a 228_o r._n ditto_n silk_n weight_n 240_o r._n tripoli_n soria_n 272_o r._n tripoli_n barbaria_n 97_o r._n baruti_fw-la 219_o r._n alexandria_n zeroi_n 519_o r._n alexandria_n forsia_n 1165_o r._n constantinople_n 92_o r._n rhodes_n 201_o r._n acria_n 181_o r._n babylon_n 156_o r._n and_o what_o other_o inlargement_n be_v here_o want_v i_o willing_o omit_v and_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la country_n measure_n of_o antwerp_n compare_v with_o those_o of_o other_o country_n now_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o will_v be_v needful_a i_o do_v calculate_v the_o measure_n of_o antwerp_n which_o be_v the_o ell_n which_o also_o by_o observation_n have_v make_v in_o these_o place_n acria_n 115_o pico_fw-la aleppo_n 108_o pico_fw-la argier_n 136_o covad_n alexandria_n 124_o pico_fw-la amsterdam_n 101_o ell_n barcelona_n 43_o cane_n bruges_n 98â…”_n else_o candia_n 108_o pico_fw-la castille_n 78_o vare_n constantinople_n 113_o pico_fw-la corfu_n 116_o brace_n damascus_n 111_o pico_fw-la dantzick_n 122_o ell_n florence_n cloth_n 116_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 102½_n brace_n genoa_n 122_o brace_n hamburgh_n 122_o ell_n holland_n 103½_n else_o lisbon_n long_o 63_o vare_n london_n for_o linen_n 60_o ell_n ditto_n for_o woollen_a 75_o yard_n ditto_n for_o frise_n 59_o goad_n lucca_n 120_o brace_n milan_n for_o silk_n 141_o brace_n naples_n for_o silk_n 33½_n can_v paris_n 59_o auln_n roven_n 58_o auln_n sevil_n 83½_n vare_n venice_n for_o woollen_a 101â…”_n brace_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 108_o valentia_n 73_o cane_n urbino_n 101_o brace_n note_v that_o this_o be_v for_o the_o common_a measure_n of_o antwerp_n beside_o which_o they_o use_v another_o el_fw-es for_o silk_n and_o these_o ell_n make_v of_o that_o but_o 98½_n ells._n the_o other_o measure_n of_o sundry_a commodity_n here_o in_o use_n be_v these_o beer_n of_o beer_n beer_n be_v sell_v in_o antwerp_n by_o the_o barrel_n which_o be_v account_v throughout_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n to_o be_v 54_o stoop_v the_o 81_o whereof_o be_v in_o dantzick_n a_o fat_a and_o contain_v there_o 180_o stoop_v but_o 50_o stoop_v of_o antwerp_n make_v the_o barrel_n of_o lubeck_n and_o the_o english_a gallon_n of_o beer_n be_v 2_o stoop_v of_o flanders_n and_o 1â…”_n stoop_v of_o amsterdam_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o vertule_n and_o 37½_n vertules_a be_v a_o last_o of_o corn_n in_o ansterdam_n and_o 10¼_n quarter_n in_o london_n vide_fw-la there_o further_o wine_n of_o wine_n wine_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o be_o the_o stoop_v and_o the_o but_o and_o be_v find_v thus_o to_o accord_v together_o 1_o aâ—…_n be_v 50_o stoop_v and_o one_o stoop_v be_v six_o pound_n and_o a_o but_o be_v 152_o stoop_v so_o that_o by_o this_o rule_n 6_o be_o which_o be_v 300_o stoop_v or_o 1800_o l._n be_v in_o london_n 252_o gallon_n so_o that_o the_o be_o be_v by_o this_o calculation_n find_v to_o be_v 42_o gallon_n and_o the_o stoop_v be_v about_o 3â…“_n quarter_n of_o london_n wine-measure_n or_o as_o some_o account_n it_o about_o 7_o pint_n vide_fw-la london_n for_o more_o certainty_n antwerp_n exchange_n of_o antwerp_n the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o this_o place_n be_v great_a and_o for_o very_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n especial_o when_o as_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v any_o general_a disbursement_n in_o this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o continual_a army_n here_o in_o action_n maintain_v against_o the_o dutch_a the_o particular_n whereof_o i_o have_v insert_v in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n in_o the_o chapter_n 289_o and_o in_o the_o chapter_n 435_o and_o some_o other_o follow_v where_o i_o have_v at_o large_a declare_v the_o practice_n and_o use_v among_o the_o machant_n of_o that_o place_n in_o the_o calculation_n thereof_o whereto_o i_o refer_v
in_o bring_v their_o wool_n into_o those_o part_n as_o of_o such_o foreign_a merchant_n as_o come_v to_o buy_v the_o same_o he_o place_v his_o staple_n at_o exon_n bristal_n winchester_n westminster_n chichester_n canterbury_n norwich_n lincoln_n york_n and_o newcastle_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n carmarden_n for_o wales_n at_o dublin_n waterford_n cork_n and_o tredagh_n for_o ireland_n and_o enact_v that_o no_o english_a irish_a or_o welshman_n shall_v transport_v this_o staple_v commodity_n no_o not_o by_o licenses_fw-la if_o any_o such_o shall_v be_v grant_v on_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n last_o he_o allure_v over_o hither_o divers_a fleming_n which_o teach_v our_o nation_n the_o make_n of_o cloth_n who_o be_v now_o grow_v the_o best_a cloth_n worker_n in_o the_o world_n and_o to_o encourage_v they_o in_o that_o art_n in_o the_o 27_o of_o his_o reign_n it_o be_v by_o statute_n enact_v to_o be_v felony_n to_o transport_v hence_o wool_n unwrought_a now_o when_o england_n have_v thus_o for_o some_o time_n enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o these_o staple_n he_o remove_v the_o same_o to_o callais_n which_o he_o have_v then_o conquer_v and_o which_o he_o desire_v to_o enrich_v from_o hence_o they_o be_v at_o several_a time_n and_o occasion_n remove_v now_o to_o one_o now_o to_o another_o town_n in_o belgium_n and_o still_o happy_a be_v that_o town_n in_o what_o country_n soever_o where_o the_o say_a company_n keep_v a_o house_n for_o their_o traffic_n and_o residence_n the_o confluence_n of_o all_o people_n thither_o to_o buy_v infinite_o enrich_v it_o antwerp_n for_o a_o long_a time_n enjoy_v their_o company_n till_o upon_o some_o discontent_n between_o henry_n vii_o and_o maximilian_n archduke_n they_o remove_v thence_o but_o at_o their_o return_n again_o they_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o antwerpian_n with_o the_o solemn_a procession_n princely_a triumph_n sumptuous_a feast_n rare_a banquet_n and_o expression_n of_o much_o joy_n and_o more_o love_n here_o they_o continue_v till_o the_o surprisal_n and_o sack_n of_o this_o town_n by_o the_o spaniard_n anno_fw-la whence_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o wrong_n and_o hard_a measure_n there_o receive_v they_o remove_v into_o two_o place_n one_o to_o middleburgh_n the_o other_o to_o stoad_n afterward_o from_o middleburgh_n to_o delft_n and_o from_o delft_n now_o to_o rotterdam_n where_o they_o have_v late_o seat_v themselves_o with_o many_o immunity_n grant_v they_o and_o a_o palace_n appoint_v they_o for_o their_o residence_n the_o other_o from_o stoad_n by_o some_o vicissitude_n of_o change_n be_v now_o place_v at_o hamburgh_n where_o also_o they_o have_v many_o privilege_n and_o the_o say_a company_n be_v now_o enlarge_v and_o all_o new_a drapery_n comprise_v therein_o they_o intend_v to_o implant_v more_o factory_n in_o other_o place_n and_o this_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o our_o society_n which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v govern_v beyond_o sea_n in_o the_o say_a place_n by_o a_o deputy_n and_o certain_a assistant_n and_o in_o england_n by_o a_o governor_n deputy_n and_o certain_a assistant_n sir_n thomas_n moulson_n kt._n and_o alderman_n be_v the_o present_a governor_n to_o who_o worth_a and_o government_n i_o owe_v this_o acknowledgement_n as_o be_v a_o member_n of_o this_o so_o ancient_a and_o worthy_a a_o society_n ruin_n barbary_n merchant_n their_o original_a and_o ruin_n the_o next_o to_o these_o be_v the_o barbary_n merchant_n which_o have_v their_o original_a in_o henry_n vii_n time_n be_v indeed_o the_o age_n wherein_o our_o nation_n do_v begin_v by_o imitation_n of_o the_o portugal_n and_o spaniard_n to_o discover_v new_a region_n and_o this_o flourish_v and_o continue_v till_o the_o end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n wherein_o it_o fall_v whenas_o civil_a war_n be_v hot_a in_o morocco_n and_o fez_n among_o the_o pretender_n to_o that_o empire_n original_a levant_n merchant_n and_o their_o original_a out_o of_o who_o ash_n about_o that_o time_n do_v rise_v the_o levant_n company_n or_o turkey_n merchant_n and_o by_o their_o discovery_n and_o trade_n first_o make_v the_o traffic_n into_o the_o seigntory_n of_o venice_n and_o then_o to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n include_v as_o then_o within_o their_o privilege_n the_o east-indies_n navigation_n which_o be_v then_o know_v to_o they_o only_o by_o land_n and_o to_o the_o portugal_n by_o sea_n since_o original_a east-india_n merchant_n and_o their_o original_a which_o the_o say_a indies_n be_v raise_v to_o a_o great_a and_o eminent_a company_n and_o by_o themselves_o incorporate_v employ_v in_o a_o joint_a stock_n a_o great_a capitol_n by_o which_o trade_n and_o stock_n they_o have_v build_v many_o warlike_a ship_n and_o bring_v all_o those_o indian_a commodity_n to_o our_o home_n which_o before_o be_v bring_v to_o we_o by_o other_o nation_n both_o which_o company_n now_o supply_v our_o land_n and_o by_o their_o second_o transportation_n many_o other_o country_n with_o those_o rich_a commodity_n which_o venetia_n tuuky_a arabia_n egypt_n persia_n china_n and_o india_n yield_v and_o be_v find_v govern_v in_o england_n by_o sir_n maurice_n abbot_n kt._n and_o alderman_n and_o by_o mr._n henry_n garraway_n alderman_n the_o former_a governor_n of_o the_o east_n india_n company_n and_o the_o latter_a of_o the_o turkey_n company_n to_o which_o be_v join_v certain_a committee_n and_o assistant_n to_o who_o worth_a and_o government_n i_o here_o owe_v this_o acknowledgement_n as_o be_v now_o both_o a_o member_n and_o entrust_v with_o a_o particular_a charge_n in_o both_o the_o say_a company_n original_n moscovia_n eastland_n greenland_n french_a and_o spanish_a merchant_n and_o their_o original_n other_o country_n and_o company_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n and_o some_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n james_n reign_n have_v be_v discover_v settle_a and_o continue_v as_o to_o the_o northward_o the_o moscovy_n company_n the_o eastland_n company_n the_o greenland_n company_n and_o of_o late_a day_n there_o be_v erect_v a_o company_n for_o france_n govern_v here_o by_o sir_n james_n cambel_n kt._n and_o alderman_n to_o who_o also_o i_o owe_v this_o acknowledgement_n as_o be_v a_o member_n thereof_o and_o now_o there_o be_v in_o agitation_n a_o parent_n for_o a_o company_n for_o spain_n of_o which_o also_o when_o confirm_v i_o may_v entitle_v myself_o a_o member_n these_o company_n then_o and_o society_n beside_o other_o not_o at_o all_o incorporate_v encourage_v by_o sundry_a privilege_n grant_v unto_o they_o govern_v themselves_o by_o settle_a act_n and_o order_n under_o certain_a choose_a governor_n deputy_n and_o a_o select_a number_n of_o assistant_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o profitable_a to_o these_o kingdom_n by_o export_v the_o native_a commodity_n thereof_o by_o set_v the_o poor_a to_o work_v by_o build_v of_o many_o brave_a ship_n and_o by_o import_v of_o sundry_a necessary_n both_o for_o use_n and_o ornament_n that_o the_o benefit_n thereof_o can_v here_o be_v certain_o express_v but_o one_o particular_a in_o the_o levant_n merchant_n may_v in_o part_n demonstrate_v what_o great_a benefit_n the_o rest_n do_v produce_v for_o it_o be_v find_v that_o in_o our_o last_o voyage_n to_o cales_n and_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n they_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o 20_o great_a sail_n of_o ship_n that_o serve_v in_o both_o those_o voyage_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o they_o be_v owner_n of_o 30_o sail_n more_o which_o one_o with_o the_o other_o may_v contain_v 12_o or_o 13000_o tun_n of_o burden_n and_o which_o may_v have_v for_o further_a defence_n 1200_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n at_o the_o least_o and_o employ_v about_o 4_o or_o 5000_o sailor_n yearly_a beside_o porter_n weigher_n bargeman_n lighterman_n carman_n which_o can_v be_v less_o than_o 2_o or_o 3000_o person_n more_o and_o they_o be_v find_v if_o report_n may_v gain_v credit_n to_o pay_v his_o majesty_n by_o way_n of_o custom_n and_o impost_n 50000_o l._n yearly_a partly_o outward_o by_o their_o exportation_n of_o cloth_n tin_n and_o other_o commodity_n partly_o inward_o by_o the_o importation_n of_o silk_n cotton_n gall_n grogram_n spice_n drug_n currant_n and_o other_o levantine_n commodity_n this_o be_v then_o brief_o to_o show_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o well_o govern_v trade_n and_o the_o profit_n arise_v thereby_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o other_o to_o consider_v the_o general_a good_a accrue_v to_o this_o island_n by_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o say_a company_n and_o society_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n according_a to_o my_o method_n to_o handle_v the_o other_o principal_a part_n of_o traffic_n comprise_v in_o this_o city_n and_o general_o of_o all_o this_o kingdom_n the_o coin_n of_o this_o city_n and_o kingdom_n be_v partly_o of_o gold_n and_o partly_o of_o silver_n as_o in_o other_o
full_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n where_o i_o shall_v show_v how_o much_o money_n a_o prince_n may_v convenient_o lay_v up_o without_o the_o hurt_n of_o his_o subject_n 12._o last_o in_o all_o thing_n we_o must_v endeavour_v to_o make_v the_o most_o we_o can_v of_o our_o own_o whether_o it_o be_v natural_a or_o artificial_a and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o people_n which_o live_v by_o the_o art_n be_v far_o more_o in_o number_n than_o they_o who_o be_v master_n of_o the_o fruit_n we_o ought_v the_o more_o careful_o to_o maintain_v those_o endeavour_n of_o the_o multitude_n in_o who_o do_v consist_v the_o great_a strength_n and_o riches_n both_o of_o king_n and_o kingdom_n for_o where_o the_o people_n be_v many_o and_o the_o art_n good_a there_o the_o traffic_n must_v be_v great_a and_o the_o country_n rich_a the_o italian_n employ_v a_o great_z number_n of_o people_n and_o get_v more_o money_n by_o their_o industry_n and_o manufacture_n of_o the_o raw_a silk_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cilicia_n than_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o his_o subject_n have_v by_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o rich_a commodity_n but_o what_o need_v we_o fetch_v the_o example_n so_o far_o when_o we_o know_v that_o our_o own_o natural_a ware_n do_v not_o yield_v we_o so_o much_o profit_n as_o our_o industry_n for_o iron-oar_n in_o the_o mine_n be_v of_o no_o great_a worth_n when_o it_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o employment_n and_o advantage_n it_o yield_v be_v dig_v try_v transport_v buy_v sell_v cast_v into_o ordnance_n musket_n and_o many_o other_o instrument_n of_o war_n for_o offence_n and_o defence_n wrought_v into_o anchor_n bolt_n spikes_n nail_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o use_n of_o ship_n house_n cart_n coach_n plough_n and_o other_o instrument_n for_o tillage_n compare_v our_o fleece-wools_a with_o our_o cloth_n which_o require_v shear_v wash_v card_v spin_v weave_a full_a die_a dress_n and_o other_o trimings_z and_o we_o shall_v find_v these_o art_n more_o profitable_a than_o the_o natural_a wealth_n whereof_o i_o may_v instance_n other_o example_n but_o i_o will_v not_o be_v more_o tedious_a for_o if_o i_o will_v amplify_v upon_o this_o and_o the_o other_o particular_n before-written_a i_o may_v find_v matter_n sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o large_a volume_n but_o my_o desire_n in_o all_o be_v only_o to_o prove_v what_o i_o propound_v with_o brevity_n and_o plainness_n chap._n iu._n the_o exportation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n be_v a_o mean_n to_o increase_v our_o treasure_n this_o position_n be_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n that_o it_o will_v require_v many_o and_o strong_a argument_n to_o prove_v it_o before_o it_o can_v be_v accept_v of_o the_o multitude_n who_o bitter_o exclaim_v when_o they_o see_v any_o money_n carry_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n affirm_v thereupon_o that_o we_o have_v absolute_o lose_v so_o much_o treasure_n and_o that_o this_o be_v a_o act_n direct_o against_o the_o long_a continue_a law_n make_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o many_o place_n nay_o spain_n itself_o which_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o money_n forbid_v the_o exportation_n thereof_o some_o case_n only_o except_v to_o all_o which_o i_o may_v answer_v that_o venice_n florence_n genova_n the_o low_a country_n and_o divers_a other_o place_n permit_v it_o their_o people_n applaud_v it_o and_o find_v great_a benefit_n by_o it_o but_o all_o this_o make_v a_o noise_n and_o prove_v nothing_o we_o must_v therefore_o come_v to_o those_o reason_n which_o concern_v the_o business_n in_o question_n first_o i_o will_v take_v that_o for_o grant_v which_o no_o man_n of_o judgement_n will_v deny_v that_o we_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o get_v treasure_n but_o by_o foreign_a trade_n for_o mine_n we_o have_v none_o which_o do_v afford_v it_o and_o how_o this_o money_n be_v get_v in_o the_o manage_n of_o our_o say_a trade_n i_o have_v already_o show_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o make_v our_o commodity_n which_o be_v export_v yearly_o to_o overbalance_n in_o value_n the_o foreign_a ware_n which_o we_o consume_v so_o that_o it_o rest_v only_o to_o show_v how_o our_o money_n may_v be_v add_v to_o our_o commodity_n and_o be_v joint_o export_v may_v so_o much_o the_o more_o increase_v our_o treasure_n we_o have_v already_o suppose_v our_o yearly_a consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n to_o be_v for_o the_o value_n of_o twenty_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n and_o our_o exportation_n to_o exceed_v that_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n which_o sum_n we_o have_v thereupon_o affirm_v be_v bring_v to_o we_o in_o treasure_n to_o balance_v the_o account_n but_o now_o if_o we_o add_v three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n more_o in_o ready_a money_n unto_o our_o former_a exportation_n in_o ware_n what_o profit_n can_v we_o have_v will_n some_o man_n say_v although_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o shall_v bring_v in_o so_o much_o ready_a money_n more_o than_o we_o do_v before_o see_v that_o we_o have_v carry_v out_o the_o like_a value_n to_o this_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o when_o we_o have_v prepare_v our_o exportation_n of_o ware_n and_o set_v out_o as_o much_o of_o every_o thing_n as_o we_o can_v spare_v or_o vent_v abroad_o mony_n money_n beget_v trade_n and_o trade_n increasee_v mony_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o say_v that_o then_o we_o shall_v add_v our_o money_n thereunto_o to_o fetch_v in_o the_o more_o money_n immediate_o but_o rather_o first_o to_o enlarge_v our_o trade_n by_o enable_v we_o to_o bring_v in_o more_o foreign_a ware_n which_o be_v send_v out_o again_o will_v in_o due_a time_n much_o increase_v our_o treasure_n for_o although_o in_o this_o manner_n we_o do_v yearly_o multiply_v our_o importation_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o more_o ship_n and_o mariner_n improvement_n of_o his_o majesty_n custom_n and_o other_o benefit_n yet_o our_o consumption_n of_o those_o foreign_a ware_n be_v no_o more_o than_o it_o be_v before_o so_o that_o all_o the_o say_a increase_n of_o commodity_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o our_o ready_a money_n send_v out_o as_o be_v afore_o write_v do_v in_o the_o end_n become_v a_o exportation_n unto_o we_o of_o a_o far_o great_a value_n than_o our_o say_a money_n be_v which_o be_v prove_v by_o three_o several_a example_n follow_v 1._o for_o i_o suppose_v that_o 100000_o l._n be_v send_v in_o our_o ship_n to_o the_o east_n country_n will_v buy_v there_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n clear_v aboard_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v after_o bring_v into_o england_n and_o house_v to_o export_v the_o same_o at_o the_o best_a time_n for_o vent_v thereof_o in_o spain_n or_o italy_n it_o can_v yield_v less_o in_o those_o part_n than_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n to_o make_v the_o merchant_n but_o a_o saviour_n yet_o by_o this_o reckon_n we_o see_v the_o kingdom_n have_v double_v that_o treasure_n commonwealth_n remote_a trade_n be_v most_o gainful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n 2._o again_o this_o profit_n will_v be_v far_o great_a when_o we_o trade_n thus_o in_o remote_a country_n as_o for_o example_n if_o we_o send_v one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n into_o the_o east_n indies_n to_o buy_v pepper_n there_o and_o bring_v it_o hither_o and_o from_o hence_o send_v it_o for_o italy_n or_o turkey_n it_o must_v yield_v seven_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n at_o least_o in_o those_o place_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o excessive_a charge_n which_o the_o merchant_n disburse_v in_o those_o long_a voyage_n in_o ship_n wage_n victual_n insurance_n interest_n custom_n impost_n and_o the_o like_a all_o which_o notwithstanding_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n get_v 3._o but_o where_o the_o voyage_n be_v short_a and_o the_o ware_n rich_a which_o therefore_o will_v not_o employ_v much_o ship_n the_o profit_n will_v be_v far_o less_o as_o when_o another_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n shall_v be_v employ_v in_o turkey_n in_o raw_a silk_n and_o bring_v hither_o to_o be_v after_o transport_v from_o hence_o into_o france_n the_o low_a country_n or_o germany_n the_o merchant_n shall_v have_v good_a gain_n although_o he_o sell_v it_o there_o but_o for_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n and_o thus_o take_v the_o voyage_n altogether_o in_o their_o medium_fw-la the_o money_n export_v will_v be_v return_v unto_o we_o more_o than_o treble_v but_o if_o any_o man_n will_v yet_o object_v that_o these_o return_n come_v to_o we_o in_o ware_n and_o not_o real_o in_o money_n as_o they_o be_v issue_v out_o the_o answer_n be_v keep_v our_o first_o ground_n that_o if_o our_o consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n be_v no_o more_o yearly_a than_o be_v already_o suppose_a and_o that_o our_o exportation_n be_v so_o mighty_o increase_v by_o this_o manner_n of_o trade_n with_o ready_a money_n as_o
and_o fall_v together_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o hear_v our_o lawyer_n much_o condemn_v the_o vexation_n and_o charge_n by_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n do_v exceed_v all_o the_o other_o kingdom_n of_o christendom_n but_o whether_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o lawyer_n be_v covetousness_n or_o the_o people_n perverseness_n be_v a_o great_a question_n and_o let_v this_o be_v as_o it_o may_v i_o will_v inquire_v not_o far_o therein_o than_o our_o present_a discourse_n do_v require_v concern_v the_o decay_n of_o our_o trade_n and_o impoverish_v of_o the_o kingdom_n sure_o i_o be_o that_o suit_v in_o law_n make_v many_o a_o man_n poor_a and_o peniless_a but_o how_o it_o shall_v make_v we_o trade_n for_o less_o by_o one_o single_a penny_n i_o can_v well_o conceive_v for_o although_o among_o the_o great_a number_n of_o they_o who_o be_v vex_v and_o undo_v by_o controversy_n there_o be_v ever_o some_o merchant_n yet_o we_o know_v that_o one_o man_n necessity_n become_v another_o man_n opportunity_n i_o never_o know_v as_o yet_o a_o decay_n in_o our_o trade_n and_o treasure_n for_o want_v of_o merchant_n or_o mean_v to_o employ_v we_o but_o rather_o by_o excessive_a consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n at_o home_n or_o by_o a_o declination_n in_o the_o vent_n of_o our_o commodity_n abroad_o cause_v either_o by_o the_o ruinous_a effect_n of_o war_n or_o some_o alteration_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v more_o full_o in_o the_o three_o chapter_n but_o to_o conclude_v with_o the_o lawyer_n i_o say_v that_o their_o noble_a profession_n be_v necessary_a to_o all_o and_o their_o case_n quillet_n delay_n and_o charge_n be_v mischievous_a to_o many_o these_o thing_n indeed_o be_v canker_n in_o the_o estate_n of_o particular_a man_n but_o not_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o some_o suppose_v for_o one_o man_n loss_n become_v another_o man_n gain_n it_o be_v still_o in_o the_o kingdom_n i_o wish_v it_o may_v as_o sure_o remain_v in_o the_o right_a place_n last_o all_o kind_n of_o bounty_n and_o pomp_n be_v not_o to_o be_v avoid_v for_o if_o we_o shall_v become_v so_o frugal_a that_o we_o will_v use_v few_o or_o no_o foreign_a ware_n how_o shall_v we_o then_o vent_v our_o own_o commodity_n what_o will_v become_v of_o our_o ship_n mariner_n munition_n our_o poor_a artificer_n and_o many_o other_o do_v we_o hope_v that_o other_o country_n will_v afford_v we_o money_n for_o all_o our_o ware_n without_o buy_v or_o batter_v for_o some_o of_o they_o this_o will_v prove_v a_o vain_a expectation_n it_o be_v more_o safe_a and_o sure_a to_o run_v a_o middle_a course_n by_o spend_v moderate_o which_o will_v purchase_v treasure_n plentiful_o again_o the_o pomp_n of_o building_n apparel_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o other_o able_a person_n can_v impoverish_v the_o kingdom_n if_o it_o be_v do_v with_o curious_a and_o costly_a work_n upon_o our_o material_n and_o by_o our_o own_o people_n it_o will_v maintain_v the_o poor_a with_o the_o purse_n of_o the_o rich_a which_o be_v the_o best_a distribution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o if_o any_o man_n say_v that_o when_o the_o people_n want_v work_n the_o then_o fish_v trade_n will_v be_v a_o better_a employment_n and_o far_o more_o profitable_a i_o subscribe_v willing_o for_o in_o that_o great_a business_n there_o be_v mean_n enough_o to_o employ_v both_o rich_a and_o poor_a whereof_o there_o have_v be_v much_o say_v and_o write_v it_o rest_v only_o that_o something_o may_v be_v as_o well_o effect_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o wealth_n both_o of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o kingdom_n chap._n xvi_o how_o the_o revenue_n and_o incom_n of_o prince_n may_v just_o be_v raise_v now_o that_o we_o have_v set_v down_o the_o true_a course_n by_o which_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v enrich_v with_o treasure_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v endeavour_v to_o show_v the_o way_n and_o mean_n by_o which_o a_o king_n may_v just_o share_v therein_o without_o the_o hurt_a or_o oppression_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o revenue_n of_o prince_n as_o they_o differ_v much_o in_o quantity_n according_a to_o the_o greatness_n riches_n and_o trade_n of_o their_o respective_a dominons_n so_o likewise_o be_v there_o great_a diversity_n use_v in_o procure_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n the_o government_n law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n which_o no_o prince_n can_v alter_v but_o with_o much_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n some_o king_n have_v their_o crown-land_n the_o first_o fruit_n upon_o ecclesiastical_a live_n custom_n toll_n and_o impost_n upon_o all_o trade_n to_o and_o from_o foreign_a country_n loan_n donation_n and_o subsidy_n upon_o all_o necessary_a occasion_n other_o prince_n and_o state_n leave_v the_o three_o last_o do_v add_v unto_o the_o rest_n a_o custom_n upon_o all_o new_a ware_n transport_v from_o one_o city_n to_o be_v use_v in_o any_o other_o city_n or_o place_n of_o their_o own_o dominion_n custom_n upon_o every_o alienation_n or_o sale_n of_o live_a cattle_n land_n house_n and_o the_o portion_n or_o marriage_n money_n of_o woman_n licence-mony_n upon_o all_o victualing-house_n and_o innkeeper_n head-mony_n custom_n upon_o all_o the_o corn_n wine_n oil_n salt_n and_o the_o like_a which_o grow_v and_o be_v consume_v in_o their_o own_o dominion_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o rabble_n of_o oppression_n serve_v to_o enrich_v those_o prince_n which_o exact_v they_o and_o to_o make_v the_o people_n poor_a and_o miserable_a which_o endure_v they_o especial_o in_o those_o country_n where_o these_o burden_n be_v lay_v at_o heavy_a rate_n as_o 4_o 5_o 6_o and_z 7_o per_fw-la cent._n but_o when_o all_o the_o circumstance_n and_o distinction_n of_o place_n be_v due_o consider_v they_o will_v be_v find_v not_o only_o necessary_a and_o therefore_o lawful_a to_o be_v use_v in_o some_o state_n but_o also_o in_o divers_a respect_n very_o profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n first_o there_o be_v some_o state_n as_o namely_o venice_n florence_n genova_n the_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o low-countries_n and_o other_o which_o be_v singular_a for_o beauty_n and_o excellent_a both_o for_o natural_a and_o artificial_a strength_n have_v likewise_o rich_a subject_n yet_o be_v of_o no_o very_a great_a extent_n nor_o enjoy_v such_o wealth_n by_o ordinary_a revenue_n as_o may_v support_v they_o against_o the_o sudden_a and_o powerful_a invasion_n of_o those_o mighty_a prince_n which_o do_v environ_v they_o they_o be_v therefore_o enforce_v to_o strengthen_v themselves_o not_o only_o with_o confederate_n and_o league_n which_o may_v often_o fail_v they_o in_o their_o great_a need_n but_o also_o by_o mass_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n and_o munition_n by_o those_o extraordinary_a course_n before-written_a which_o can_v deceive_v they_o but_o will_v ever_o be_v ready_a to_o make_v a_o good_a defence_n and_o to_o offend_v or_o divert_v their_o enemy_n neither_o be_v these_o heavy_a contribution_n so_o hurtful_a to_o the_o happiness_n of_o the_o people_n as_o they_o be_v common_o esteem_v for_o as_o the_o food_n and_o raiment_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v make_v dear_a by_o excise_n so_o do_v the_o price_n of_o their_o labour_n rise_v in_o proportion_n whereby_o the_o burden_n if_o any_o be_v be_v still_o upon_o the_o rick_n who_o be_v either_o idle_a or_o at_o least_o work_v not_o in_o this_o kind_n yet_o have_v they_o the_o use_v and_o be_v the_o great_a consumer_n of_o the_o poor_n labour_n neither_o do_v the_o rich_a neglect_n in_o their_o several_a place_n and_o calling_n to_o advance_v their_o endeavour_n according_a to_o those_o time_n which_o do_v exhaust_v their_o mean_n and_o revenue_n wherein_o if_o they_o shall_v peradventure_o fail_v and_o therefore_o be_v force_v to_o abate_v their_o sinful_a excess_n and_o idle_a retainer_n what_o be_v all_o this_o but_o happiness_n in_o a_o common_a wealth_n when_o virtue_n plenty_n and_o art_n shall_v thus_o be_v advance_v all_o together_o nor_o can_v it_o be_v true_o say_v that_o a_o kingdom_n be_v impoverish_v where_o loss_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o king_n from_o who_o also_o such_o yearly_a incom_n have_v their_o annual_a issue_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o subject_n except_o only_o that_o part_n of_o the_o treasure_n which_o be_v lay_v up_o for_o the_o public_a good_a wherein_o likewise_o they_o who_o suffer_v have_v their_o safety_n and_o therefore_o such_o contribution_n be_v both_o just_a and_o profitable_a yet_o here_o we_o must_v confess_v that_o as_o the_o best_a thing_n may_v be_v corrupt_v so_o these_o tax_n may_v be_v abuse_v and_o the_o common_a wealth_n notorious_o wrong_v when_o they_o be_v vain_o waste_v and_o consume_v by_o a_o prince_n either_o upon_o unworthy_a worthy_a person_n such_o as_o deserve_v neither_o reward_n nor_o countenance_n
and_o duty_n i_o owe_v to_o my_o native_a country_n england_n l._n roberts_n the_o merchant_n map_n of_o commerce_n chap._n i._n the_o description_n of_o country_n conducible_a to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n traffic_n the_o description_n of_o country_n conduce_v to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n before_o i_o descend_v to_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o before_o i_o describe_v the_o situation_n of_o these_o town_n and_o city_n of_o traffic_n which_o here_o i_o intend_v to_o handle_v i_o must_v of_o necessity_n for_o method-sake_n first_o by_o a_o cursory_a draught_n describe_v the_o country_n kingdom_n and_o province_n wherein_o the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o be_v situate_v and_o place_v and_o to_o do_v the_o same_o orderly_a and_o as_o the_o subject_n require_v it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v survey_v the_o mean_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v or_o may_v be_v perform_v which_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a be_v note_v only_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o geography_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v a_o knowledge_n so_o needful_a and_o requisite_a for_o a_o merchant_n factor_n or_o any_o other_o active_a person_n who_o occasion_n may_v draw_v he_o to_o see_v or_o abide_v in_o foreign_a part_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v neglect_v nor_o omit_v neither_o be_v it_o hold_v only_o necessary_a to_o such_o as_o manage_v private_a affair_n by_o merchandize_v as_o merchant_n or_o factor_n who_o be_v lead_v thereto_o by_o the_o motive_n profit_n but_o also_o such_o person_n as_o be_v more_o eminent_a and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o great_a quality_n who_o motive_n be_v the_o public_a affair_n of_o prince_n as_o ambassador_n or_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n by_o travel_v as_o gentltman_n who_o motive_n may_v be_v proper_o term_v curiosity_n of_o mind_n and_o search_v of_o novelty_n whicd_v last_n by_o observe_v the_o fashion_n and_o manner_n of_o divers_a nation_n and_o the_o government_n and_o policy_n of_o those_o kingdom_n do_v dot_v only_o very_o much_o benefit_v themselves_o but_o better_a their_o udnerstanding_n thereby_o make_v their_o knowledge_n more_o capable_a of_o either_o public_a or_o private_a employment_n when_o they_o return_v to_o their_o native_a house_n the_o like_a i_o conceive_v the_o ingenious_a merchant_n or_o factor_n may_v if_o he_o please_v do_v for_o be_v in_o his_o young_a year_n employ_v abroad_o in_o merchandize_v he_o may_v by_o well_o husband_v his_o merchantile_fw-la employment_n and_o time_n join_v a_o future_a benefit_n of_o mind_n to_o a_o present_a profit_n of_o estate_n and_o by_o a_o provident_a judgement_n and_o a_o judicious_a providence_n so_o manage_v his_o idle_a hour_n and_o vacant_a time_n that_o he_o fit_v his_o capacity_n not_o only_o wise_o to_o undertake_v and_o discreet_o to_o undergo_v but_o also_o skilful_o to_o perform_v the_o great_a employment_n that_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o service_n of_o a_o state_n or_o kingdom_n neither_o be_v it_o a_o rare_a or_o extraordinary_a thing_n to_o find_v those_o that_o have_v have_v their_o education_n thus_o to_o have_v prove_v not_o only_o good_a comman-wealths-man_n but_o also_o excellent_a statesman_n our_o own_o country_n have_v afford_v some_o example_n in_o all_o age_n but_o in_o other_o country_n many_o more_o be_v daily_o find_v for_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o from_o this_o school_n those_o ripe_a and_o mature_a judgement_n have_v spring_v up_o that_o in_o many_o country_n abroad_o have_v give_v sufficient_a testimony_n to_o the_o world_n of_o their_o excellent_a ability_n this_o way_n and_o that_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v together_o with_o the_o frequent_v of_o foreign_a country_n at_o the_o first_o to_o that_o end_n have_v afterward_o rather_o further_v than_o any_o way_n backward_v their_o ability_n to_o undertake_v and_o judicious_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o commonwealth_n merchandize_v the_o first_o school_n of_o the_o present_a government_n of_o many_o commonwealth_n the_o ancient_a policy_n and_o present_a flourish_a continuance_n of_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n the_o politic_a and_o rich_a estate_n of_o the_o netherlands_o the_o opulent_a and_o eminent_a quality_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o tuscany_n the_o wealthy_a well-governed_a hans-town_n in_o germany_n and_o many_o more_o which_o i_o can_v nominate_v make_v good_a this_o assertion_n for_o in_o all_o these_o merchandize_v be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o school_n from_o whence_o they_o gather_v their_o first_o principle_n and_o indeed_o the_o chief_a foundation_n upon_o which_o their_o fabric_n of_o political_a government_n be_v raise_v the_o scale_n by_o which_o their_o counsel_n be_v frame_v and_o the_o pillar_n by_o which_o the_o same_o be_v see_v to_o be_v support_v and_o maintain_v how_o excellent_a be_v it_o then_o for_o a_o merchant_n that_o have_v another_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a end_n of_o his_o travel_n so_o to_o employ_v his_o time_n and_o spend_v his_o hour_n as_o that_o he_o may_v at_o pleasure_n without_o cost_n or_o charge_n reap_v that_o benefit_n to_o himself_o which_o other_o purposely_o come_v to_o learn_v and_o painful_o labour_v for_o with_o great_a expense_n of_o time_n and_o money_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o be_v peradventure_o destitute_a of_o those_o help_n and_o furtherance_n which_o merchant_n and_o factor_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o abode_n or_o vocation_n do_v continual_o enjoy_v and_o who_o return_n as_o ignorant_o home_n perchance_o as_o they_o go_v out_o or_o happy_o furnish_v with_o some_o such_o cursory_a speculation_n as_o reach_v not_o into_o the_o depth_n of_o such_o policy_n of_o government_n as_o the_o real_a intent_n of_o their_o travel_n do_v true_o require_v whereas_o the_o merchant_n that_o come_v thither_o not_o purposely_o to_o that_o end_n but_o to_o benefit_v himself_o as_o a_o merchant_n may_v gather_v and_o lay_v up_o those_o his_o observation_n obtain_v as_o pastime_n and_o collect_v as_o recreation_n which_o will_v further_o and_o furnish_v he_o afterward_o either_o by_o discourse_n for_o pleasure_n or_o by_o necessity_n for_o profit_n and_o commodity_n when_o he_o shall_v please_v to_o publish_v his_o secret_a treasure_n and_o put_v the_o same_o in_o practice_n merchant_n geography_n delightful_a profitable_a and_o necessary_a to_o the_o merchant_n geography_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v be_v then_o grant_v to_o be_v both_o a_o profit_n and_o a_o pleasure_n to_o all_o and_o special_o to_o the_o merchant_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v grant_v to_o be_v useful_a also_o for_o though_o we_o live_v in_o this_o island_n acknowledge_v none_o for_o merchant_n but_o such_o as_o adventure_v their_o estate_n at_o sea_n and_o be_v by_o this_o mean_v account_v for_o real_a merchant_n yet_o those_o that_o be_v verse_v in_o this_o profession_n and_o see_v in_o this_o art_n know_v also_o that_o there_o be_v merchant_n likewise_o that_o have_v their_o residence_n in_o continent_n where_o neither_o sea_n be_v know_v nor_o yet_o navigable_a river_n sound_v yet_o for_o all_o this_o supply_v with_o land-carriage_n of_o horse_n mule_n and_o camel_n by_o industry_n and_o labour_n what_o nature_n and_o our_o habitation_n do_v free_o afford_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o encompass_v sea_n in_o ship_n and_o these_o be_v observe_v and_o find_v to_o travel_v by_o land_n in_o company_n and_o caravan_n with_o their_o merchandise_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o as_o we_o do_v by_o sea_n in_o ship_n and_o fleet_n pay_v their_o duty_n custom_n and_o toll_v upon_o the_o entry_n and_o confine_n of_o every_o several_a prince_n dominion_n merchant_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o knowledge_n to_o merchant_n how_o then_o shall_v this_o land-travelling_a merchant_n know_v who_o kingdom_n he_o be_v in_o what_o prince_n command_v or_o who_o be_v lord_n of_o that_o ground_n he_o tread_v upon_o but_o by_o a_o speculation_n herein_o whereby_o shall_v he_o know_v what_o way_n he_o have_v rid_v and_o travel_v where_o neither_o mile_n nor_o league_n be_v account_v or_o in_o use_n but_o by_o this_o how_o shall_v he_o know_v which_o way_n his_o course_n lie_v where_o neither_o path_n nor_o highway_n be_v find_v to_o direct_v he_o nor_o guide_v to_o inform_v he_o or_o how_o far_o he_o have_v yet_o to_o go_v in_o that_o prince_n dominion_n but_o by_o this_o how_o shall_v he_o know_v what_o river_n run_v in_o his_o way_n what_o strait_n or_o mountain_n he_o have_v to_o pass_v over_o but_o by_o this_o nay_o hereby_o he_o be_v instruct_v whether_o those_o stream_n be_v great_a or_o small_a and_o whether_o passable_a by_o boat_n bridge_n or_o ford_n and_o by_o this_o also_o what_o plain_n wood_n and_o hill_n with_o their_o extent_n fertility_n and_o confinement_n the_o better_a to_o provide_v for_o his_o accommodation_n and_o the_o necessary_n of_o his_o journey_n as_o also_o what_o city_n and_o town_n
for_o set_v aside_o the_o worship_n and_o service_n of_o god_n which_o be_v only_o fit_a and_o proper_a to_o divine_n and_o churchman_n the_o person_n and_o purse_n of_o the_o merchant_n supply_v in_o a_o fair_a measure_n all_o the_o other_o part_n beforementioned_a for_o first_o the_o merchant_n navigation_n and_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o supply_v the_o city_n with_o corn_n grain_n cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n both_o for_o back_n and_o belly_n delight_n and_o ornament_n tend_v either_o to_o pleasure_n or_o need_v and_o this_o way_n he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o the_o husbandman_n and_o shepherd_n his_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o supply_v the_o city_n with_o arm_n armour_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o ammunition_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a and_o thus_o far_o he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o soldier_n his_o traffic_n likewise_o be_v see_v to_o bring_v riches_n into_o the_o common_a purse_n by_o custom_n impost_n and_o such_o duty_n and_o thereby_o may_v be_v say_v to_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o the_o wealthy_a and_o most_o eminent_a thereof_o he_o be_v see_v by_o his_o wisdom_n travel_n and_o experience_n abroad_o to_o be_v able_a oftentimes_o to_o sit_v at_o the_o stern_a of_o the_o city_n government_n punish_v the_o vicious_a reward_v the_o virtuous_a and_o herein_o he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o a_o senator_n and_o counsellor_n neither_o yet_o be_v he_o want_v in_o many_o other_o particular_n to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a patriot_n and_o citizen_n not_o comprise_v within_o any_o of_o these_o aforesaid_a limit_n for_o his_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o improve_v the_o country_n commodity_n to_o set_v the_o poor_a and_o needy_a on_o work_n to_o invent_v new_a fabric_n stuff_n and_o the_o like_a to_o plant_v foreign_a colony_n to_o settle_v peace_n and_o amity_n among_o prince_n to_o build_v warlike_a ship_n to_o train_v up_o seaman_n and_o to_o make_v the_o city_n and_o place_n of_o his_o abode_n famous_a and_o eminent_a by_o sundry_a other_o mean_n which_o i_o can_v exemplify_v if_o need_n be_v in_o this_o place_n and_o which_o at_o present_a i_o willing_o omit_v now_o then_o if_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v be_v so_o excellent_a and_o consequent_o necessary_a in_o a_o city_n and_o bring_v with_o it_o so_o many_o benefit_n and_o commodity_n how_o happy_a then_o be_v that_o city_n where_o many_o notable_a and_o well-governed_a merchant_n be_v find_v to_o reside_v and_o where_o their_o care_n of_o their_o own_o profit_n be_v so_o necessary_o interweave_v with_o the_o care_n of_o the_o commonwealth's_a and_o its_o good_a that_o to_o themselves_o and_o to_o their_o country_n their_o labour_n and_o adventure_n do_v bring_v in_o thus_o mutual_o not_o only_o a_o commodity_n but_o also_o a_o honour_n but_o to_o the_o matter_n all_o city_n and_o town_n be_v not_o find_v in_o themselves_o proper_a for_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n nor_o yet_o all_o of_o they_o fit_a residence_n for_o merchant_n commerce_n what_o city_n be_v find_v fit_a for_o trade_n and_o commerce_n therefore_o it_o be_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o trade_n have_v settle_v it_o self_n principal_o in_o two_o sort_n of_o city_n and_o town_n and_o in_o such_o first_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o inclination_n and_o then_o foreigner_n and_o stranger_n by_o conversation_n be_v observe_v and_o note_v to_o have_v plant_v themselves_o and_o establish_v a_o trade_n therein_o traffic_n two_o sort_n of_o city_n of_o traffic_n traffic_n then_o reside_v and_o abide_v principal_o in_o two_o several_a sort_n of_o city_n and_o town_n by_o daily_a observation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v such_o as_o these_o the_o first_o be_v the_o maritime_a and_o these_o be_v they_o that_o have_v their_o situation_n on_o the_o sea-shore_n or_o coast_n or_o upon_o navigable_a river_n and_o stream_n and_o the_o second_o be_v they_o that_o have_v their_o situation_n within_o some_o continent_n and_o may_v be_v call_v land-town_n and_o city_n distant_a both_o from_o sea_n and_o river_n and_o though_o that_o in_o both_o these_o trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v observable_a to_o be_v settle_v and_o drive_v yet_o the_o manner_n and_o common_a form_n of_o this_o trade_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v much_o as_o be_v both_o of_o they_o proper_a to_o two_o several_a sort_n of_o traffic_n and_o negociation_n what_o sea-town_n of_o trade_n what_o the_o trade_n observe_v then_o to_o be_v drive_v in_o sea-town_n or_o city_n seat_v on_o navigable_a river_n be_v note_v to_o subsist_v principal_o by_o navigation_n and_o by_o the_o easy_a transportation_n of_o merchandise_n by_o that_o commodiousness_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o which_o be_v indeed_o the_o most_o proper_a and_o customary_a way_n whereby_o traffic_n be_v in_o these_o day_n see_v to_o be_v maintain_v and_o preserve_v for_o in_o many_o place_n thus_o situate_v it_o be_v note_v that_o eminent_a merchant_n do_v reside_v who_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o consequent_o of_o navigation_n do_v hold_v a_o correspondency_n and_o trade_n from_o one_o fit_a place_n to_o another_o over_o all_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n import_v the_o commodity_n of_o all_o other_o country_n and_o export_v the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o and_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v masilia_n amsterdam_n genoa_n venetia_n sevil_n lisbon_n london_n and_o many_o other_o etc._n etc._n what_o land_n town_n of_o trade_n what_o but_o the_o trade_n observe_v to_o be_v drive_v in_o inland_a town_n and_o city_n subsist_v by_o carriage_n of_o commodity_n by_o land_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v do_v by_o cart_n in_o some_o by_o camel_n caravan_n mule_n horse_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v at_o this_o day_n see_v practise_v in_o many_o great_a city_n of_o the_o world_n as_o at_o aleppo_n in_o turkey_n at_o spahan_n in_o persia_n at_o agra_n in_o the_o mogul_n country_n and_o such_o other_o who_o enjoy_v neither_o the_o benefit_n of_o river_n nor_o yet_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o by_o many_o mile_n distance_n yet_o therein_o be_v oftentimes_o find_v reside_v many_o merchant_n of_o great_a eminency_n and_o a_o ample_a trade_n be_v discern_v therein_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o this_o follow_a tract_n and_o sometime_o to_o add_v some_o furtherance_n to_o this_o their_o want_n some_o of_o these_o have_v a_o seaport_n or_o haven_n as_o the_o near_a whereto_o ship_n from_o other_o part_n do_v come_v in_o and_o do_v there_o both_o land_n and_o relade_v as_o occasion_n require_v in_o which_o nature_n be_v alexandria_n to_o aleppo_n combrone_n to_o spahan_n and_o sindy_n to_o agra_n fabric_n town_n of_o trade_n in_o manual_a art_n and_o fabric_n beside_o which_o i_o may_v here_o add_v a_o three_o sort_n of_o city_n where_o yet_o trade_n be_v note_v to_o be_v settle_v differ_v from_o both_o the_o former_a and_o which_o can_v be_v comprise_v within_o either_o of_o the_o limit_n and_o these_o be_v such_o as_o subsist_v by_o some_o excellent_a or_o curious_a manual_a art_n or_o fabric_n as_o be_v norimberg_n and_o other_o in_o germany_n roven_n in_o normandy_n florence_n in_o italy_n and_o norwich_n in_o england_n and_o some_o other_o who_o trade_n subsist_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o nature_n produce_v of_o itself_o special_a or_o needful_a commodity_n for_o traffic_n as_o do_v bordeaux_n by_o gascoin_n wine_n zant_n by_o corrant_n smyrna_n by_o cotton_n gilan_n in_o persia_n by_o raw_a silk_n ivisa_fw-la by_o salt_n and_o the_o like_a and_o where_o these_o be_v join_v by_o situation_n proper_a for_o traffic_n to_o the_o former_a they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v far_o more_o absolute_a eminent_a and_o complete_a as_o shall_v be_v discern_v also_o in_o this_o follow_a tract_n commerce_n city_n of_o trade_n mention_v in_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n these_o be_v then_o the_o city_n and_o town_n which_o general_o in_o this_o map_n i_o handle_v relate_v as_o near_o as_o my_o observation_n and_o read_n will_v permit_v i_o the_o commodity_n that_o the_o place_n do_v natural_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o the_o commodity_n the_o same_o be_v note_v proper_o to_o vent_v together_o with_o the_o time_n when_o the_o same_o be_v either_o send_v out_o or_o bring_v in_o the_o quantity_n how_o much_o with_o all_o other_o such_o circumstance_n as_o be_v thereunto_o belong_v trade_n five_o place_n in_o a_o city_n depend_v upon_o trade_n moreover_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o all_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n there_o be_v always_o find_v five_o particular_a place_n that_o only_o have_v a_o be_v and_o dependency_n upon_o the_o trade_n thereof_o exchange_n the_o burse_n or_o exchange_n the_o first_o place_n be_v it_o where_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n do_v assemble_v and_o meet_v at_o certain_a hour_n and_o limit_v time_n of_o the_o day_n to_o
there_o likewise_o a_o necessity_n that_o the_o same_o be_v true_o learned_a and_o know_v and_o also_o the_o commodity_n upon_o which_o the_o same_o be_v so_o impose_v lest_o otherwise_o the_o trader_n make_v a_o short_a reckon_n in_o his_o account_n and_o find_v this_o impost_n to_o deceive_v he_o of_o his_o expect_a and_o hope_v for_o gain_v know_v fee_n to_o officer_n to_o be_v pay_v and_o know_v to_o conclude_v neither_o be_v these_o duty_n thus_o to_o be_v only_o learn_v and_o due_o satisfy_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o usance_n of_o every_o city_n and_o country_n but_o also_o all_o such_o appurtenance_n as_o belong_v thereunto_o in_o the_o pass_n of_o all_o good_n in_o the_o say_a office_n and_o custom-house_n as_o in_o bill_n of_o entry_n cocket_n certificate_n pass_v of_o bond_n and_o all_o fee_n thereunto_o appertain_v and_o thereupon_o depend_v as_o to_o waiter_n searcher_n clerk_n visitor_n and_o such_o like_a be_v also_o know_v and_o satisfy_v the_o better_a to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n and_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v happen_v by_o the_o default_n thereof_o to_o the_o good_n whereupon_o the_o same_o be_v liable_a these_o custom_n then_o and_o imposition_n thus_o vary_v by_o time_n place_n and_o circumstance_n and_o impose_v alter_v and_o change_v oftentimes_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o any_o one_o hand_n to_o be_v punctual_o know_v in_o all_o place_n therefore_o it_o suffice_v i_o to_o have_v give_v here_o these_o general_n rule_n and_o observation_n conduce_v both_o to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o discharge_n and_o payment_n thereof_o for_o the_o better_a reiglement_n of_o commerce_n in_o this_o particular_a therefore_o i_o may_v be_v hold_v excusable_a if_o i_o be_v find_v in_o this_o point_n to_o be_v defective_a in_o this_o map_n and_o so_o conclude_v herewith_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o point_n which_o be_v of_o the_o money_n and_o coin_n of_o sundry_a kingdom_n use_v in_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchandize_v chap._n v._o of_o the_o money_n and_o coin_n of_o sundry_a country_n use_v in_o general_a in_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchandise_n metal_n silver_n and_o gold_n the_o most_o excellent_a of_o metal_n among_o all_o the_o diversity_n of_o metal_n which_o god_n the_o creator_n have_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o closet_n and_o concavity_n of_o the_o earth_n none_o be_v account_v more_o singular_a and_o excellent_a than_o silver_n and_o gold_n of_o which_o the_o communication_n and_o commerce_n of_o mankind_n have_v frame_v and_o invent_v the_o use_n of_o money_n and_o coin_n which_o money_n and_o coin_n may_v be_v proper_o term_v to_o be_v the_o universal_a measure_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n and_o though_o that_o thus_o natural_o and_o original_o they_o be_v but_o metal_n and_o so_o to_o be_v in_o themselves_o account_v yet_o in_o value_n and_o estimation_n money_n and_o coin_n make_v thereof_o be_v to_o we_o as_o all_o thing_n for_o they_o be_v to_o we_o convert_v once_o to_o thâ—_n use_v as_o meat_n cloth_n house_n horse_n and_o general_o what_o other_o thing_n soever_o man_n have_v else_o need_v of_o and_o thereby_o it_o be_v evident_a and_o manifest_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v obedient_a and_o in_o subjection_n to_o money_n and_o that_o by_o this_o device_n a_o mean_a be_v find_v out_o and_o invent_v whereby_o one_o thing_n shall_v be_v to_o merchant_n as_o all_o and_o therefore_o man_n thrust_v forward_o by_o natural_a inclination_n and_o worldly_a judgement_n choose_v to_o this_o end_n and_o use_v at_o first_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v find_v most_o durable_a proper_a and_o maniable_a which_o they_o only_o observe_v best_a to_o be_v metal_n gold_n coin_n make_v of_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o among_o all_o metal_n give_v silver_n and_o gold_n the_o pre-eminence_n in_o the_o invention_n of_o money_n which_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v thus_o observe_v to_o be_v most_o durable_a and_o incorruptible_a and_o of_o which_o we_o find_v as_o well_o in_o these_o our_o time_n as_o in_o time_n past_a most_o prince_n of_o the_o world_n to_o make_v their_o current_a coin_n of_o between_o man_n and_o man_n in_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n silver_n barter_v and_o exchange_v before_o the_o use_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n i_o deny_v not_o but_o in_o the_o innocency_n of_o those_o golden_a time_n of_o old_a when_o neither_o silver_n nor_o gold_n be_v put_v to_o this_o use_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o traffic_n find_v and_o a_o commerce_n practise_v among_o mankind_n which_o may_v be_v imagine_v do_v not_o then_o extend_v itself_o to_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o that_o same_o nature_n as_o now_o it_o be_v in_o use_n since_o the_o invention_n of_o money_n but_o only_o to_o a_o truck_v exchange_v and_o barter_v and_o that_o only_a for_o thing_n necessary_a to_o back_n and_o belly_n to_o feed_v and_o cloth_n and_o so_o to_o preserve_v life_n but_o these_o time_n wear_v out_o by_o a_o more_o acute_a age_n and_o man_n lay_v to_o themselves_o a_o foundation_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o greatness_n the_o strong_a still_o deprive_v the_o weak_a and_o riches_n thereby_o become_v desirable_a this_o mystery_n creep_v up_o and_o be_v admit_v and_o therefore_o from_o these_o two_o mineral_n be_v find_v out_o a_o body_n which_o once_o authorize_v by_o power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n have_v a_o predominancy_n over_o all_o earthly_a thing_n and_o by_o which_o be_v square_v out_o and_o level_v as_o by_o a_o indifferent_a measure_n all_o thing_n appertain_v to_o mankind_n the_o abundance_n thereof_o bring_v with_o it_o the_o abundance_n of_o honour_n attendant_n necessary_n and_o superfluity_n so_o that_o he_o that_o have_v most_o in_o his_o possession_n be_v account_v of_o as_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a and_o great_a personage_n in_o the_o eye_n rule_n and_o esteem_v of_o the_o world_n but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o present_a time_n though_o in_o general_a throughout_o all_o europe_n it_o be_v now_o find_v that_o coin_n and_o money_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n as_o be_v afore_o observe_v be_v only_o in_o use_n and_o that_o all_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n be_v principal_o draw_v and_o maintain_v thereby_o yet_o it_o be_v note_v in_o this_o map_n that_o all_o nation_n have_v not_o yet_o submit_v their_o judgement_n to_o the_o prerogative_n of_o these_o two_o mineral_n but_o retain_v still_o in_o use_v some_o other_o thing_n serve_v in_o their_o stead_n and_o place_n etc._n several_a sort_n of_o money_n in_o several_a country_n money_n of_o leather_n in_o s._n dominico_n etc._n etc._n for_o first_o in_o the_o island_n of_o porto_n riccio_n saint_n dominico_n and_o in_o many_o place_n of_o america_n they_o have_v in_o use_n small_a piece_n of_o leather_n current_n for_o coin_n among_o they_o not_o that_o they_o want_v silver_n and_o gold_n for_o they_o enjoy_v it_o in_o great_a abundance_n but_o want_v the_o use_n and_o invention_n thereof_o as_o of_o late_a day_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v establish_v there_o by_o the_o spaniard_n as_o with_o we_o in_o europe_n neither_o be_v this_o only_a the_o custom_n of_o these_o part_n alone_o for_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o peru_n and_o elsewhere_o where_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v find_v out_o and_o dig_v it_o be_v never_o put_v to_o this_o use_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o divers_a yet_o in_o this_o kind_n to_o this_o day_n be_v the_o custom_n of_o coin_n and_o money_n that_o be_v use_v and_o go_v current_a throughout_o the_o world_n for_o beside_o the_o aforesaid_a use_n whereto_o these_o metal_n have_v be_v put_v as_o to_o be_v thus_o employ_v the_o common_a standard_n to_o rule_v all_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o the_o estate_n as_o well_o of_o the_o prince_n as_o subject_a in_o europe_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n those_o nation_n that_o have_v be_v defective_a in_o this_o point_n and_o that_o have_v not_o value_v these_o metal_n as_o the_o european_n do_v have_v yet_o find_v out_o some_o particular_a thing_n or_o matter_n whereto_o they_o have_v by_o a_o national_a and_o unanimous_a consent_n as_o it_o be_v attribute_v this_o power_n to_o have_v a_o main_a stroke_n in_o their_o negociation_n and_o traffic_n and_o wherein_o their_o wealth_n be_v find_v principal_o to_o consist_v tombute_n money_n of_o shell_n in_o tombute_n in_o sundry_a part_n of_o africa_n they_o use_v for_o their_o small_a coin_n a_o kind_n of_o shell_n as_o current_n among_o they_o though_o their_o great_a payment_n be_v make_v either_o in_o sand_n of_o gold_n which_o they_o term_v tiburin_n or_o a_o ingot_n the_o same_o be_v the_o use_n this_o day_n also_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tombuto_n and_o other_o adjoin_a country_n massa_n of_o iron_n in_o massa_n in_o other_o place_n of_o that_o continent_n they_o use_v iron_n
0_o 10_o 4_o 2_o 7½_n 2_o 8½_n 4_o 6_o double_a stiver_n 0_o 1_o 0_o 0_o 1â—_n 0_o 1â—_n 0_o 12_o cross_n dollar_n 0_o 18_o 0_o 4_o 3_o 4_o 4¾_n 2_o 0_o zealand_n dollar_n 0_o 13_o 0_o 2_o 8_o 2_o 9_o 0_o 1_o single_a milre_a of_o portugal_n 0_o 7_o 4_o 1_o 9½_n 1_o 10¼_n 1_o 0_o old_a phil._n dollar_n 1_o 2_o 0_o 5_o 0_o 5_o 2_o 0_o 1_o portugal_n testoon_n 0_o 5_o 0_o 1_o 2d_o 1_o 3â—_n 0_o 12½_n far._n dollar_n 1623._o 0_o 18_o 6_o 1_o 3¾_n 4_o 5½_n 0_o 10½_n prince_n orange_n dollar_n 1623._o 0_o 18_o 6_o 4_o 4¼_n 4_o 6_o 0_o 9½_n leopold_n dollar_n of_o 1624._o 0_o 18_o 2_o 4_o 4_o 4_o 5¼_n 0_o 10_o rodolph_n dollar_n of_o 1607._o 0_o 18_o 7_o 4_o 4½_n 4_o 6¼_n 0_o 4_o max_n emp._n dollor_n 1616._o 0_o 18_o 2_o 4_o 5¼_n 4_o 7_o 0_o 13_o danish_a dollar_n 1620._o 0_o 13_o 0_o 3_o 0â—_n 3_o 1â—_n 0_o 0½_n half_o a_o new_a french_a crown_n 0_o 8_o 18_o 2_o 2d_o 2_o 3â—_n 0_o 0½_n a_o new_a quart_n card._n 0_o 4_o 9_o 1_o 1â—_n 1_o 1â—_n 0_o 0½_n the_o â…“_n of_o a_o new_a card._n 0_o 1_o 11_o 0_o 4½_n 0_o 4½_n the_o fineness_n compare_v with_o the_o tower-standard_n the_o name_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o gold_n the_o weight_n by_o troy_n the_o value_n as_o bullion_n the_o value_n intrinsic_a  _fw-fr car._n gr_n  _fw-fr dw_n gr_n l._n s._n d._n l._n s._n d._n worse_a 0_o 0¼_n french_a lewes_n 8_o 14_o 1_o 8_o 7â—_n 1_o 9_o 2_o worse_a 0_o 0¼_n holland_n rider_n 6_o 10½_n 1_o 1_o 6¼_n 1_o 1_o 11_o better_a 1_o 2_o hungary_n ducket_n 2_o 6_o 0_o 8_o 0½_n 0_o 8_o 2¼_n worse_o 0_o 0½_n pistolet_n of_o spain_n 4_o 8_o 0_o 14_o 5¼_n 0_o 14_o 8½_n 2_o 0_o flemish_a alber_n 3_o 8_o 0_o 10_o 11_o 0_o 11_o 1½_n 3_o 1_o flemish_a half_a alber_n 1_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 0_o 0¼_n double_a sow_n of_o flanders_n 7_o 3½_n 1_o 3_o 10¾_n 1_o 4_o 3½_n 0_o 1¾_n italian_a pistolet_n 4_o 6_o 0_o 13_o 11½_n 0_o 14_o 2¼_n 4_o 2½_n the_o gilder_n of_o 2_o 3_o 0_o 5_o 7_o 0_o 5_o 8_o 3_o 1¾_n gilled_a matth._n emperor_n 2_o 3_o 0_o 6_o 0_o 0_o 6_o 1½_n 3_o 2¾_n gilled_a of_o norimberg_n 2_o 3_o 0_o 5_o 11¼_n 0_o 6_o 0¾_n 0_o 0â—_n milre_a of_o portu_fw-la 7_o 12_o 1_o 5_o 0â—_n 1_o 5_o 6_o better_a 1_o 3½_n venice_n chequeen_n 2_o 5_o 0_o 8_o 0¼_n 0_o 8_o 2_o a_o table_n of_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n weight_v of_o several_a nation_n take_v from_o the_o standard_n and_o compare_v with_o the_o denarius_fw-la or_o pound_n troy_n english_a consist_v of_o 5760_o grain_n such_o part_n or_o grain_n of_o the_o english_a standard_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n or_o of_o the_o troy_n weight_n as_o the_o denarius_fw-la consularis_fw-la contain_v 62_o according_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o best_a coin_n or_o according_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o congius_fw-la of_o vespasian_n 62â…˜_n grain_n the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a roman_a ounce_n contain_v 438_o grain_n the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a roman_a pound_n consist_v of_o twelve_o ounce_n contain_v 5256_o grain_n the_o troy_n pound_n or_o english_a standard_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n 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ounce_n 412½_n gr_n the_o pound_n or_o standard_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o twelve_o ounce_n at_o florence_n pisa_n and_o legorn_n 5286_o gr_n the_o ounce_n at_o florence_n pisa_n and_o legorn_n 440â—_n gr_n the_o pound_n or_o standard_n at_o sienna_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o twelve_o ounce_n 5178_o gr_n the_o ounce_n at_o sienna_n 431½_n gr_n the_o ounce_n at_o genoa_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n 405½_n gr_n the_o turkish_a ok_v or_o oak_n at_o constantinople_n consist_v of_o four_o hundred_o silver_n dram_n 19128_o grain_n the_o silver_n dram_n general_o use_v in_o the_o great_a turk_n dominion_n as_o also_o in_o persia_n and_o in_o the_o mogul_n country_n if_o i_o be_v not_o misinform_v 47_o 41_o 50_o gr_n the_o turkish_a sultani_n or_o egyptian_a xeriff_n be_v a_o gold-coyn_n with_o which_o the_o barbary_n and_o venetian_a chequeen_n and_o norimberg_n ducat_n within_o a_o grain_n more_o or_o less_o agree_v 53½_n gr_n the_o ratel_n or_o rotulo_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o 144_o dram_n at_o cairo_n 6886â—_n d_z the_o ratel_n or_o rotulo_n for_o silk_n of_o 720_o dram_n at_o damascus_n with_o which_o i_o suppose_v they_o there_o former_o weigh_v their_o gold_n and_o silver_n because_o most_o country_n use_v the_o same_o weight_n for_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n 34430â…–_n gr_n the_o standard_n for_o gold_n an._n 1577._o be_v 23_o carot_n 3_o grain_n and_o ½_n of_o fine_a gold_n and_o ½_n grain_n of_o silver_n or_o copper_n 12_o oz._n of_o gold_n of_o the_o say_a fineness_n be_v value_v at_o 36_o l._n 1_o oz._n of_o the_o same_o 3_o l._n 1_o ke_n of_o the_o same_o 1_o l._n 10._o 1_o ke_n grain_n 7_o s._n 6._o 1_o peny_n weight_n 3_o s._n 1_o small_a grain_n 1_o d._n ½_n ob_fw-la 1_o carot_n upon_o the_o ounce_n be_v in_o value_n 2_o s._n 6_o d._n 1_o carot_n be_v in_o value_n 7_o d._n ½_n ob_fw-la 1_o small_a grain_n 1_o d._n ½_n ob_fw-la 12_o oz._n of_o angel_n of_o gold_n have_v in_o they_o half_o a_o carot_n grain_n of_o alloy_n which_o be_v 30_o small_a and_o 5730_o small_a grain_n of_o fine_a gold_n which_o make_v together_o 5760_o grain_n be_v 24_o carot_n or_o 12_o oz._n troy_n the_o standard_n of_o crown_n gold_n be_v 22_o carot_n of_o fine_a gold_n and_o 2_o carot_n of_o alloy_n which_o 24_o carot_n or_o 11_o oz._n fine_a gold_n and_o 102_o of_o alloy_n make_v the_o pound_n troy_n by_o which_o reckon_n 12_o oz._n of_o crown_n gold_n be_v in_o money_n 33_o l._n 1_o oz._n of_o the_o say_a gold_n be_v 2_o l._n 15_o s._n 1_o carot_n of_o the_o say_a gold_n be_v 1_o l._n 7_o s._n 6._o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o all_o gold_n be_v in_o value_n by_o the_o ounce_n according_a as_o it_o be_v in_o fineness_n that_o be_v to_o say_v  _fw-fr  _fw-fr l._n s._n d._n the_o ounce_n of_o fine_a gold_n be_v in_o value_n 3_o 0_o 0_o 23_o ke_n fine_a 2_o 17_o 6_o 22_o ke_n 2_o 15_o 0_o 21_o ke_n 2_o 12_o 6_o 20_o ke_n 2_o 10_o 0_o and_o so_o lose_v its_o value_n 2_o s._n 6._o d._n per_fw-la ounce_n as_o it_o want_v a_o carot_n in_o fineness_n in_o 24._o or_o pound_n troy_n king_n james_n by_o proclamation_n date_v at_o westminster_n 16_o nou._n 2d_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n appoint_v several_a coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o one_o standard_n with_o their_o weight_n according_a to_o the_o account_n of_o the_o mint-man_n of_o both_o nation_n which_o be_v express_v in_o this_o follow_a table_n note_v that_o the_o pound_n troy_n be_v great_a than_o the_o pound_n scotch_a by_o 4_o penny_n weight_n and_o 9_o gr_n  _fw-fr english_fw-fr weight_n  _fw-fr s._n d._n peny_n with_o 20._o grain_n 24._o mite_n 20._o droit_n 24._o perot_n 20._o blank_n 24._o piece_n of_o gold_n 20_o  _fw-fr 6_o 10_o 16_o 18_o 10_o  _fw-fr 10_o  _fw-fr 3_o 5_o 8_o 9_o 5_o  _fw-fr 5_o  _fw-fr 1_o 14_o 14_o 4_o 12_o 12_o 4_o  _fw-fr 1_o 6_o 19_o 8_o 10_o  _fw-fr 2_o 6_o 0_o 19_o 7_o 2_o 6_o 6_o piece_n of_o silver_n 5_o  _fw-fr 19_o 8_o 10_o 8_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 2_o 6_o 9_o 16_o 5_o 4_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 12_o 3_o 20_o 18_o 1_o 10_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 6_o 1_o 22_o 9_o 0_o 15_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 2_o 0_o 15_o 9_o 16_o 5_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1_o 0_o 7_o 14_o 20_o 2_o 12_o  _fw-fr ½_n 0_o 3_o 17_o 10_o 1_o 6_o  _fw-fr scotch_a weight_n  _fw-fr deny_v grain_n 24._o prime_n 24._o second_o 24._o three_o 24._o fourths_o 24._o  _fw-fr piece_n of_o gold_n 7_o 21_o
in_o brass_n when_o their_o coin_n of_o gold_n come_v in_o use_n it_o be_v esteem_v ten_o time_n the_o weight_n in_o silver_n but_o this_o disproportion_n between_o silver_n and_o brass_n last_v not_o long_o and_o the_o denarius_fw-la of_o silver_n in_o process_n of_o time_n suffer_v so_o many_o diminution_n that_o at_o length_n it_o have_v leave_v only_o a_o name_n and_o of_o so_o small_a a_o value_n as_o not_o worth_a the_o coin_n the_o like_a alteration_n in_o respect_n of_o weight_n have_v befall_v in_o far_o less_o time_n our_o own_o coin_n as_o to_o instance_n in_o our_o penny_n which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o time_n of_o ethelred_n and_o so_o continue_v to_o edw._n 1._o to_o be_v the_o 20_o part_n of_o the_o troy_n ounce_n 3._o ounce_n stat._n 9_o edw._n 3._o under_o edw._n 3._o it_o come_v to_o be_v make_v the_o 26_o part_n of_o the_o ounce_n and_o 6._o and_o stat._n 2._o h._n 6._o under_o h._n 6._o it_o fall_v to_o the_o 32d_o part_n in_o 8._o in_o stat._n 5._o edw._n 4._o stat._n 36._o h._n 8._o edw._n the_o 4th_n time_n it_o come_v to_o the_o forty_o part_n of_o the_o ounce_n in_o henry_n the_o 8th_n time_n at_o first_o it_o be_v the_o forty_o than_o the_o 45th_o part_n afterward_o 60_o penny_n be_v make_v of_o the_o ounce_n in_o the_o 2_o eliz._n and_o during_o her_o reign_n and_o ever_o since_o 62_o in_o the_o ounce_n so_o that_o the_o penny_n in_o edw._n the_o 3d_n time_n be_v more_o than_o three_o time_n the_o weight_n of_o we_o and_o aftertime_n may_v see_v this_o of_o we_o as_o well_o as_o the_o dâ—…arius_n of_o the_o roman_n bring_v to_o so_o small_a a_o value_n as_o not_o worthy_a a_o name_n amber_n of_o amber_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o amber_n be_v find_v only_o in_o and_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n and_o poland_n the_o english_a be_v find_v only_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o norfolk_n near_o the_o bay_n of_o shippy_n island_n in_o kent_n in_o two_o or_o three_o mile_n space_n it_o be_v affirm_v that_o at_o both_o these_o place_n it_o have_v be_v find_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n it_o be_v not_o find_v above_o sixty_o pound_n weight_n a_o year_n it_o be_v wash_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n for_o after_o great_a storm_n it_o be_v most_o find_v many_o be_v of_o opinion_n it_o be_v the_o gum_n of_o a_o tree_n if_o so_o sure_o the_o tree_n if_o it_o be_v above_o ground_n will_v be_v find_v long_o before_o this_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a to_o be_v a_o certain_a gum_n that_o come_v out_o of_o some_o rock_n lie_v in_o the_o sea_n near_o those_o place_n for_o why_o else_o shall_v it_o be_v only_o find_v there_o and_o no_o where_o else_o in_o poland_n be_v find_v great_a quantity_n but_o not_o in_o so_o good_a esteem_n as_o our_o english_a be_v neither_o so_o fat_a nor_o clear_a it_o be_v value_v according_a to_o the_o largeness_n and_o clearness_n thereof_o chap._n vi_o of_o weight_n in_o general_n use_v in_o merchandize_v and_o mention_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n general_n of_o weight_n in_o general_n the_o next_o principal_a point_n handle_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n be_v the_o weight_n in_o general_a of_o all_o kingdom_n and_o know_a city_n of_o trade_n by_o the_o invention_n whereof_o as_o by_o measure_n a_o true_a mean_n be_v find_v out_o to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o own_o for_o all_o worldly_a thing_n be_v find_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o it_o and_o measure_n but_o most_o especial_o the_o same_o have_v a_o great_a prerogative_n in_o all_o contract_n and_o bargain_n where_o either_o buy_v or_o sell_v be_v either_o use_v or_o practise_v which_o indeed_o be_v the_o fundamental_a part_n of_o the_o world_n commerce_n and_o traffic_n for_o thereby_o be_v all_o commutation_n regulate_v all_o account_n frame_v and_o all_o profit_n and_o loss_n in_o trade_n find_v out_o and_o distinguish_v it_o be_v also_o one_o of_o the_o standard_n of_o all_o kingdom_n city_n and_o province_n and_o therefore_o as_o measure_n carry_v with_o it_o the_o approbation_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o sovereign_a magistrate_n and_o therefore_o either_o to_o falsify_v add_v or_o detract_v therefrom_o be_v account_v a_o capital_a crime_n and_o worthy_a severe_a punishment_n commodity_n difference_n of_o weight_n in_o all_o commodity_n now_o for_o their_o sort_n these_o weight_n be_v observe_v to_o vary_v and_o differ_v in_o all_o country_n as_o well_o as_o in_o sundry_a mart_n and_o principal_a city_n though_o otherwise_o oftentimes_o neighbour_n yet_o be_v herein_o discrepant_a and_o not_o seldom_o be_v it_o see_v as_o in_o this_o map_n it_o shall_v be_v make_v evident_a that_o several_a sort_n of_o weight_n be_v find_v to_o weigh_v several_a sort_n of_o commodity_n in_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a place_n city_n and_o country_n as_o in_o england_n where_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o raw_a silk_n be_v weigh_v by_o the_o pound_n of_o 24_o ounce_n and_o other_o commodity_n by_o the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n and_o in_o aleppo_n some_o commodity_n be_v weigh_v by_o the_o rotolo_n of_o 680_o dram_n some_o by_o a_o â„ž_o of_o 700_o dram_n and_o some_o by_o a_o â„ž_o of_o 720_o dram_n denomination_n the_o great_a denomination_n and_o as_o these_o weight_n be_v find_v to_o vary_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o greatness_n so_o be_v they_o find_v to_o differ_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o denomination_n for_o some_o country_n use_n to_o weigh_v their_o commodity_n by_o hundred_o some_o by_o quintal_n some_o by_o centiner_n talent_n thousand_o weigh_v ship-pound_n charge_n lispond_v rove_n stone_n bahars_n maunds_z candill_n pecull_n and_o the_o like_a denomination_n a_o second_o denomination_n a_o second_o denomination_n be_v again_o produce_v out_o of_o this_o as_o a_o lesser_a weight_n whereof_o the_o former_a be_v compose_v and_o be_v also_o find_v in_o use_n for_o weigh_v in_o sundry_a place_n as_o pound_n man_n batman_n rotulos_fw-la minas_n lodoros_n oak_n cattee_n barotes_n seares_n wesnoes_n and_o the_o like_a denomination_n three_o denomination_n a_o three_o sort_n again_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o use_n whereof_o these_o latter_a be_v compose_v and_o in_o use_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o weigh_v and_o which_o be_v of_o another_o denomination_n and_o lesser_a in_o quantity_n as_o ounce_n whereof_o sometime_o 12_o 14_o 16_o 20_o 24_o and_o 30_o do_v make_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n the_o pound_n weight_n and_o then_o again_o have_v a_o subdivision_n into_o dram_fw-la scruple_n obolos_fw-la carat_n and_o grain_n denomination_n lest_o denomination_n so_o that_o the_o great_a contain_v the_o lesser_a in_o part_n which_o also_o be_v observe_v to_o differ_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o first_o and_o great_a etc._n hundred_o etc._n etc._n for_o the_o cantar_n which_o common_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v the_o great_a weight_n be_v so_o term_v as_o be_v the_o hundred_o of_o hundred_o and_o consist_v sometime_o of_o 100_o l._n just_a though_o sometime_o of_o hundred_o of_o 112_o l._n of_o 120_o l._n of_o 125_o l._n 128_o l._n and_o 132_o l._n etc._n cargos_n etc._n etc._n the_o weigh_v and_o cargo_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n find_v likewise_o to_o vary_v in_o many_o place_n and_o to_o consist_v sometime_o of_o 163_o l._n of_o 181_o l._n of_o 200_o and_o 300_o l._n to_o a_o weigh_v and_o cargo_n or_o charge_n etc._n shippond_n etc._n etc._n the_o shippond_n also_o consist_v sometime_o of_o 300_o l._n sometime_o again_o of_o 320_o 340_o and_o 400_o l._n the_o shippond_n etc._n lispond_n etc._n etc._n the_o lispond_n also_o be_v find_v to_o consist_v sometime_o of_o 15_o l._n of_o 16_o l._n and_o 20_o l._n to_o the_o lispond_n etc._n rove_n etc._n etc._n rove_n be_v note_v likewise_o to_o be_v in_o some_o place_n 10_o l._n 20_o l._n 25_o l._n and_o 30_o l._n and_o sometime_o 40_o l._n to_o the_o rove_n etc._n stone_n etc._n etc._n stone_n be_v note_v also_o to_o consist_v of_o 6_o l._n 8_o l._n 10_o l._n 14_o l._n 16_o l._n 20_o l._n 21_o l._n 24_o l._n 32_o l._n and_o 40_o l._n to_o the_o stone_n still_o 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virtue_n taste_n see_v or_o feel_v and_o what_o he_o have_v thus_o learned_a and_o gain_v to_o take_v order_n never_o to_o forget_v by_o commit_v the_o same_o to_o writing_n and_o therewith_o to_o note_v the_o sign_n and_o mark_n of_o the_o goodness_n and_o badness_n of_o all_o those_o commodity_n that_o a_o man_n do_v either_o deal_n in_o or_o will_v learn_v to_o know_v and_o to_o make_v this_o knowledge_n the_o more_o complete_a to_o note_v down_o therewith_o all_o manner_n of_o charge_n incident_a thereto_o and_o that_o grow_v in_o that_o place_n upon_o the_o same_o with_o the_o ordinary_a price_n which_o there_o it_o do_v common_o bear_v and_o hold_v and_o though_o these_o note_n shall_v either_o by_o haste_n or_o misinformation_n be_v at_o the_o first_o rude_a and_o undigested_a or_o though_o many_o shall_v prove_v frivolous_a and_o to_o little_a purpose_n it_o matter_n not_o much_o the_o one_o sort_n may_v soon_o be_v better_o order_v and_o the_o other_o may_v as_o easy_o be_v reject_v his_o better_a knowledge_n and_o a_o little_a consideration_n may_v amend_v both_o these_o defect_n my_o reason_n for_o the_o same_o be_v that_o the_o use_n and_o custom_n of_o note_v in_o this_o manner_n will_v make_v a_o man_n especial_o young_a beginner_n more_o skilful_a and_o ready_a in_o this_o knowledge_n in_o a_o year_n than_o he_o that_o take_v only_o a_o bare_a idle_a and_o superficial_a view_n shall_v be_v in_o his_o whole_a life-time_n for_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v that_o it_o both_o perfect_v skill_n and_o help_v memory_n which_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n hereto_o and_o by_o grave_v deep_a impression_n in_o a_o man_n mind_n enforce_v he_o will_v he_o will_z he_o to_o a_o more_o considerate_a and_o judicious_a observation_n and_o mark_v thereof_o whenas_o he_o have_v thus_o absolute_o tie_v himself_o to_o a_o necessity_n of_o set_v down_o every_o commodity_n and_o each_o particular_a circumstance_n in_o this_o manner_n thereto_o belong_v and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o think_v needful_a to_o insert_v concern_v this_o point_n in_o general_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o and_o last_o which_o be_v of_o exchange_n practise_v among_o merchant_n in_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v caap._n x._o of_o exchange_n in_o general_a use_v by_o merchant_n in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n commerce_n exchange_n in_o general_n practise_v by_o merchant_n in_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n the_o next_o and_o last_o general_a point_n handle_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n be_v exchange_n which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v the_o most_o mysterious_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v and_o traffic_n be_v not_o only_o necessary_a for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o merchant_n but_o also_o fit_a and_o useful_a for_o such_o as_o negotiate_v the_o public_a affair_n of_o prince_n and_o for_o such_o as_o sit_v at_o the_o stern_a and_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n exchange_n the_o necessity_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o exchange_n the_o necessity_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o these_o exchange_n in_o all_o traffic_n be_v doubtless_o very_o great_a it_o have_v find_v in_o all_o country_n hitherto_o such_o a_o general_a allowance_n and_o approbation_n and_o have_v for_o so_o many_o year_n stand_v uncontrolled_a and_o be_v still_o preserve_v in_o its_o pristine_a splendour_n and_o integrity_n show_v evident_o that_o at_o first_o the_o same_o be_v invent_v and_o devise_v to_o a_o most_o excellent_a use_n and_o end_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o money_n be_v devise_v and_o first_o invent_v of_o the_o best_a and_o pure_a metal_n to_o avoid_v the_o chargeable_a and_o troublesome_a carriage_n of_o commodity_n in_o trade_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o so_o be_v exchange_n of_o money_n first_o also_o devise_v and_o find_v out_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n thereof_o and_o the_o chargeable_a and_o troublesome_a carriage_n of_o the_o same_o from_o one_o city_n or_o country_n to_o another_o exchange_n the_o excellency_n etc._n etc._n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n i_o conceive_v it_o will_v not_o be_v material_a for_o i_o in_o this_o place_n to_o reckon_v up_o the_o divers_a manner_n of_o exchange_n that_o have_v be_v of_o old_a in_o use_n and_o as_o yet_o be_v practise_v among_o trader_n and_o merchant_n throughout_o the_o world_n nor_o yet_o here_o insert_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v account_v so_o noble_a and_o excellent_a a_o specialty_n that_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o not_o only_o a_o kind_n of_o command_a power_n to_o pay_v but_o be_v according_o observe_v satisfy_v and_o discharge_v though_o direct_v from_o the_o servant_n to_o the_o master_n such_o a_o high_a esteem_n be_v ever_o have_v to_o the_o quality_n thereof_o that_o the_o proceed_n and_o ceremony_n use_v therein_o be_v both_o singular_a and_o extraordinary_a and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o prescription_n by_o law_n or_o otherwise_o but_o subsist_v mere_o of_o a_o reverend_a custom_n use_v and_o solemnize_v in_o and_o about_o the_o same_o neither_o yet_o will_v i_o here_o mention_v the_o formality_n and_o peculiar_a rite_n and_o custom_n that_o be_v only_o find_v to_o appertain_v thereunto_o either_o in_o the_o punctual_a presentment_n intimation_n acceptation_n protest_v and_o return_v that_o be_v requisite_a and_o necessary_a and_o thereto_o belong_v for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o he_o that_o do_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o a_o merchant_n and_o intend_v to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o map_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v ignorant_a in_o all_o the_o particular_a circumstance_n of_o place_n and_o time_n either_o of_o presentment_n of_o payment_n of_o due_a protest_v in_o default_n and_o therewith_o know_v the_o common_a rule_n govern_v the_o cause_n of_o rise_v the_o sign_n of_o fall_v of_o the_o say_a price_n which_o i_o here_o willing_o omit_v reserve_v the_o same_o to_o a_o more_o fit_a occasion_n in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n principle_n the_o mystery_n of_o exchange_n reduce_v to_o prufitable_a principle_n i_o have_v note_v then_o the_o first_o use_n of_o this_o exchange_v and_o the_o excellency_n thereof_o be_v preserve_v in_o time_n pass_v in_o its_o true_a integrity_n and_o reality_n but_o those_o honest_a and_o innocent_a end_n be_v vanish_v with_o those_o innocent_a and_o honest_a day_n of_o our_o forefather_n for_o since_o trade_n by_o a_o more_o general_a and_o universal_a commerce_n and_o concurrency_n of_o nation_n be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n and_o perfection_n that_o now_o it_o be_v this_o fair_a and_o candid_a manner_n and_o use_n of_o exchange_v and_o the_o most_o excellent_a commodity_n thereof_o be_v in_o part_n give_v over_o for_o the_o subtlety_n of_o these_o time_n have_v make_v a_o art_n and_o mystery_n thereof_o which_o be_v reduce_v into_o head_n and_o principle_n have_v prove_v in_o many_o place_n so_o profitable_a and_o beneficial_a to_o the_o studious_a therein_o that_o it_o be_v now_o a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o the_o excellency_n thereof_o exceed_v the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v itself_o and_o what_o invention_n and_o sleight_n to_o enrich_v themselves_o their_o policy_n have_v bring_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o world_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o malines_n and_o other_o that_o have_v at_o large_a discourse_v thereof_o and_o describe_v the_o same_o but_o where_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o exchange_n be_v still_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v in_o its_o true_a and_o moderate_a use_n and_o the_o craft_n and_o abuse_n thereof_o take_v away_o and_o purge_v it_o than_o appear_v to_o be_v most_o excellent_a useful_a commodious_a and_o beneficial_a as_o well_o to_o kingdom_n and_o city_n in_o general_a as_o to_o private_a trader_n and_o merchant_n in_o particular_a exchange_n all_o coin_n bring_v into_o one_o by_o exchange_n i_o have_v observe_v before_o that_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_n shall_v be_v to_o the_o merchant_n as_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o weight_n and_o measure_n abate_v or_o allow_v as_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o place_n require_v so_o by_o this_o knowledge_n of_o exchange_v shall_v all_o prince_n coin_n be_v bring_v into_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a quality_n and_o parity_n and_o be_v to_o he_o as_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o coin_n for_o if_o the_o allay_n or_o standard_n of_o one_o prince_n money_n be_v fine_a or_o better_o than_o the_o coin_n and_o money_n use_v in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o merchant_n reside_v and_o his_o consequent_o coarse_a or_o base_a the_o allowance_n give_v by_o exchange_n either_o in_o time_n in_o price_n or_o in_o both_o make_v up_o that_o disparity_n and_o settle_v thus_o a_o parity_n between_o they_o in_o draw_v down_o the_o one_o which_o be_v the_o fine_a or_o raise_v up_o the_o other_o which_o be_v the_o base_a to_o a_o even_a scantling_n time_n and_o price_n give_v the_o
note_n that_o beautify_v the_o same_o it_o be_v vanquish_v by_o fernando_n cortes_n in_o anno_fw-la 1521._o with_o a_o army_n of_o 100000_o american_n only_o 900_o spaniard_n 80_o horse_n 17_o piece_n of_o small_a ordnance_n in_o 13_o brigantin_n and_o 6000_o wherry_n most_o of_o the_o american_n be_v of_o ilascalan_n who_o be_v ever_o adversary_n to_o the_o mexican_n for_o which_o cause_n that_o city_n do_v enjoy_v many_o immunity_n to_o this_o day_n and_o to_o conclude_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o a_o english_a traveller_n who_o relation_n i_o herein_o follow_v four_o thing_n be_v here_o remarkable_a for_o beauty_n their_o apparel_n their_o woman_n their_o horse_n and_o their_o sticats_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v of_o mexico_n 2._o quivira_n 2._o the_o second_o province_n be_v quivira_n seat_v on_o the_o most_o western_a part_n of_o america_n in_o which_o be_v two_o province_n cibola_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n subdue_v by_o francisco_n vasques_n in_o anno_fw-la 1540_o and_o nova_n albion_n discover_v by_o that_o famous_a seaman_n sir_n francis_n drake_n an._n 1585._o and_o by_o he_o so_o call_v the_o chief_a commodity_n and_o riches_n of_o this_o country_n be_v kine_n some_o man_n be_v owner_n of_o forty_o thousand_o and_o these_o serve_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n here_o as_o we_o say_v of_o our_o ale_n to_o drunkard_n in_o england_n meat_n drink_n and_o cloth_n and_o more_o too_o for_o first_o the_o hide_v yield_v they_o house_n or_o to_o say_v more_o proper_o the_o cover_n of_o they_o their_o bone_n bodkin_n their_o hair_n thread_n their_o sinew_n rope_n their_o horn_n maw_n and_o bladder_n vessel_n their_o dung_n fire_n their_o calf-skin_n budget_n to_o draw_v and_o keep_v water_n their_o blood_n for_o drink_v and_o last_o their_o flesh_n for_o meat_n etc._n etc._n 3_o nicaragua_n 3_o the_o three_o be_v nicaragua_n be_v southeast_n from_o mexico_n with_o which_o it_o agree_v in_o nature_n both_o of_o soil_n and_o inhabitant_n and_o account_v for_o its_o pleasantness_n mahomet_n paradise_n tree_n a_o admirable_a tree_n have_v tree_n in_o great_a abundance_n of_o that_o strange_a nature_n that_o a_o branch_n touch_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o man_n wither_v present_o grenada_n nova_fw-la grenada_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v nova_n grenada_n and_o lea_n a_o bishop_n see_n the_o commodity_n thereof_o be_v honey_n wax_n cotton_n and_o balsam_n in_o great_a abundance_n it_o be_v extreme_a hot_a and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v travel_v by_o day_n but_o by_o night_n their_o winter_n begin_v in_o may_n and_o from_o thence_o rain_v for_o six_o month_n the_o other_o six_o very_a fair_a and_o dry_a and_o the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v here_o of_o equal_a length_n 4._o jucatan_n 4._o the_o four_o be_v jucatan_n and_o be_v discover_v in_o anno_fw-la 1517._o which_v in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o place_n signify_v what_o say_v you_o which_o be_v the_o answer_n the_o inhabitant_n give_v the_o spaniard_n that_o first_o demand_v of_o they_o the_o name_n of_o their_o country_n and_o since_o by_o this_o mean_n retain_v that_o name_n by_o the_o spaniard_n campechio_n campechio_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v campechio_n whence_o come_v that_o wood_n so_o well_o know_v in_o europe_n also_o here_o be_v the_o island_n call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n santo_n crux_fw-la wherein_o be_v a_o city_n of_o that_o name_n well_o fortify_v by_o they_o 5._o florida_n 5._o the_o five_o be_v florida_n discover_v by_o the_o english_a under_o the_o conduct_n of_o sebastian_n cabot_n an._n 1467._o then_o possess_v by_o the_o spaniard_n in_o anno_fw-la 1527._o and_o call_v florida_n afterward_o the_o french_a get_v foot_v here_o in_o anno_fw-la 1562_o but_o the_o spaniard_n unwilling_a the_o french_a shall_v be_v eye_n witness_n of_o their_o rich_a booty_n wage_v war_n with_o they_o so_o long_o that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n leave_v on_o either_o side_n to_o maintain_v the_o quarrel_n and_o then_o be_v florida_n again_o in_o 1567._o abandon_v the_o spaniard_n now_o hold_v there_o three_o strong_a fort_n st._n james_n st._n philip_n and_o st._n augustin_n which_o last_o be_v take_v and_o burn_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n 1586._o which_o since_o be_v repair_v and_o that_o be_v all_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v here_o at_o this_o day_n desire_v as_o it_o seem_v neither_o to_o plant_v further_a himself_o nor_o suffer_v other_o to_o do_v it_o 6._o virginia_n 6._o the_o six_o be_v virginia_n which_o be_v discover_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n anno_fw-la 1584._o and_o in_o honour_n of_o our_o queen_n call_v virginia_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o height_n of_o 35_o degree_n northerly_a latitude_n extend_v to_o 38_o degree_n or_o thereabouts_o be_v seat_v and_o plant_v from_o 37_o to_o 38_o by_o the_o english_a under_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v the_o great_a bay_n of_o roanoke_n and_o cape_n florida_n to_o the_o southward_n and_o maryland_n to_o the_o northward_o the_o main_a entrance_n into_o virginia_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v about_o 10_o league_n broad_a between_o two_o point_n of_o low-land_n that_o on_o the_o south_n be_v call_v cape_n henry_n that_o on_o the_o north_n cape_n charles_n by_o which_o they_o pass_v into_o a_o great_a river_n or_o bay_n call_v the_o bay_n of_o chesapiake_n which_o run_v away_o northerly_a about_o 100_o league_n into_o which_o river_n or_o bay_n of_o chesapiake_n many_o other_o great_a river_n empty_a themselves_o all_o run_v up_o west_n and_o north-west_n into_o the_o country_n 100_o 120_o and_o some_o 140_o or_o 150_o mile_n be_v 3_o 4_o 5_o and_o some_o of_o they_o 6_o or_o 8_o mile_n broad_a all_o which_o with_o some_o other_o small_a river_n which_o fall_v into_o they_o be_v navigable_a for_o ship_n have_v 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o fathom_n and_o in_o the_o shallow_a part_n not_o less_o than_o three_o fathom_n depth_n of_o water_n ship_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v harbour_v so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v within_o the_o aforesaid_a cape_n and_o may_v ride_v safe_o in_o any_o of_o those_o river_n where_o they_o please_v within_o a_o mile_n half_o a_o mile_n and_o in_o some_o place_n within_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n of_o the_o shore_n which_o also_o they_o do_v anchor_a sometime_o at_o one_o place_n sometime_o at_o another_o for_o the_o deliver_v out_o and_o take_v in_o of_o their_o good_n in_o the_o several_a plantation_n and_o the_o several_a river_n as_o stand_v best_a with_o their_o conveniency_n after_o they_o have_v give_v the_o governor_n a_o account_n of_o their_o arrival_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o first_o river_n after_o they_o be_v within_o the_o cape_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o chesapiake_n be_v call_v james_n river_n the_o next_o pamunkee_n or_o york_n river_n than_o payancatank_n rapahanock_n wicocomoce_n and_o some_o other_o upon_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o that_o bay_n and_o some_o on_o the_o eastern_a shore_n thereof_o most_o of_o which_o river_n receive_v their_o name_n from_o the_o indian_n who_o be_v the_o only_a inhabitant_n and_o possessor_n of_o that_o great_a country_n before_o the_o english_a come_v there_o and_o who_o still_o some_o of_o they_o live_v round_o about_o our_o people_n and_o in_o some_o place_n near_o unto_o they_o within_z three_z or_o four_o mile_n of_o some_o of_o our_o plantation_n but_o be_v nothing_o so_o numerous_a as_o at_o the_o first_o be_v very_o much_o lessen_v and_o destroy_v by_o the_o quarrel_n and_o war_n among_o themselves_o and_o with_o the_o english_a especial_o in_o and_o short_o after_o the_o year_n 1621._o and_o 1644_o at_o which_o time_n they_o treacherous_o fall_v upon_o our_o people_n and_o massacre_v about_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o person_n each_o time_n in_o one_o hour_n space_n the_o chief_a port_n be_v james_n city_n a_o town_n lie_v about_o 40_o mile_n up_o in_o james_n river_n which_o be_v common_o the_o place_n of_o the_o governors_n residence_n and_o where_o the_o principal_a matter_n relate_v to_o government_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n for_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v transact_v by_o the_o governor_n and_o his_o council_n four_o time_n a_o year_n call_v quarter_n court_n and_o once_o a_o year_n by_o the_o general_n assembly_n who_o likewise_o meet_v there_o be_v such_o burgess_n as_o be_v elect_v in_o the_o several_a county_n by_o the_o people_n and_o send_v thither_o to_o sit_v and_o act_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o parliament_n here_o in_o london_n matter_n of_o lesser_a consequence_n be_v hear_v and_o determine_v in_o the_o several_a county_n by_o commissioner_n authorize_v for_o that_o purpose_n call_v the_o county_n court_v who_o sit_v every_o month_n or_o every_o two_o month_n in_o which_o court_n and_o all_o other_o their_o trial_n and_o proceed_n be_v in_o all_o respect_v conformable_a as_o
or_o thereabouts_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o sell_v by_o the_o quintal_n or_o hundred_o weight_n price_n ordinary_o thirty_o two_o thirty_o and_o twenty_o eight_o rial_n per_fw-la quintal_n it_o be_v transport_v by_o ship_n that_o do_v come_v to_o buy_v it_o to_o bilboa_n when_o we_o have_v peace_n with_o spain_n the_o refuse_v fish_n and_o maycril_n go_v to_o the_o western_a and_o caribbe_n island_n here_o be_v a_o beginning_n to_o make_v barrel_n cod_n and_o corr-fish_n for_o france_n freight_v ordinary_o three_o pound_n from_o london_n back_o three_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n and_o some_o good_n four_a pound_n per_fw-la tun_n and_o 3_o l._n to_o 3_o l._n 10_o s._n to_o barbadoe_n and_o western_a island_n little_a or_o no_o inland_a carriage_n here_o be_v no_o discouragement_n give_v to_o any_o foreiner_n to_o hinder_v trade_n but_o may_v free_o come_v and_o behave_v themselves_o civil_o and_o have_v as_o free_a liberty_n to_o sell_v and_o buy_v as_o any_o inhabitant_n the_o more_o be_v the_o pity_n i_o think_v here_o be_v no_o office_n of_o assurance_n nor_o scarce_o any_o that_o mâ—ke_v any_o private_a contract_n in_o that_o respect_n what_o be_v that_o way_n do_v be_v do_v in_o england_n by_o advice_n bank_n here_o be_v none_o neither_o be_v here_o man_n capable_a of_o it_o but_o be_v here_o those_o of_o ability_n and_o understand_v it_o and_o resolve_v upon_o it_o it_o will_v draw_v all_o the_o profit_n of_o those_o poor_a part_n into_o it_o maryland_n a_o english_a colony_n upon_o the_o main_a continent_n of_o america_n begin_v at_o the_o degree_n of_o 38_o and_o end_v in_o the_o degree_n 40_o northerly_a latitude_n bound_v on_o virginia_n on_o the_o south_n new-england_n on_o the_o north_n the_o great_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n and_o the_o meridian-line_n of_o the_o first_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o pattowmeck_n on_o the_o west_n begin_v to_o be_v plant_v in_o the_o year_n 1633._o the_o religion_n be_v christian_a and_o a_o law_n establish_v there_o for_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n to_o all_o that_o profess_v to_o believe_v in_o jesus_n christ_n the_o country_n be_v under_o the_o right_n honourable_a caecilius_n lord_n baltemore_n as_o the_o absolute_a lord_n and_o proprietor_n of_o it_o with_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n ancient_o belong_v to_o the_o count_n palatine_n of_o durham_n which_o lord_n baltemore_n hold_v it_o to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n as_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o windsor_n in_o free_a soccage_n by_o the_o yearly_a rent_n of_o two_o indian_a arrow_n to_o be_v deliver_v at_o the_o say_a castle_n on_o easter_n tuesday_n the_o place_n abound_v with_o great_a navigable_a river_n as_o pattowmeck_n pattuxent_n anne_n arundel_n by_o some_o call_v severn_n patapsco_n river_n bolus_n sasquehannough_o river_n elk_n river_n choptanck_n nantacoke_n or_o bever_n river_n pokemoke_n and_o divers_a other_o in_o which_o be_v multitude_n of_o convenient_a port_n capable_a of_o great_a number_n of_o ship_n of_o any_o burden_n there_o be_v little_a money_n by_o reason_n barter_n for_o commodity_n be_v more_o profitable_a to_o the_o merchant_n and_o inhabitant_n but_o general_o all_o the_o deal_n with_o the_o english_a one_o with_o another_o be_v with_o tobacco_n upon_o account_n till_o the_o crop_n they_o use_v general_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o england_n and_o without_o any_o tret_n the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n for_o trade_n to_o be_v export_v be_v general_o tobacco_n and_o beaver_n otter_n martin_n and_o several_a other_o fur_n purchase_v from_o the_o indian_n but_o they_o be_v projuct_v to_o fall_v upon_o the_o make_n of_o silk_n and_o the_o country_n natural_o yield_v store_n of_o mulberry-tree_n to_o that_o end_n and_o general_o it_o have_v all_o the_o commodity_n that_o virginia_n afford_v there_o be_v nine_o or_o ten_o ship_n lade_v there_o yearly_o with_o tobacco_n for_o europe_n custom_n there_o be_v none_o nor_o any_o tax_n upon_o commodity_n pay_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n the_o abuse_n and_o defect_n be_v if_o the_o tobacco_n be_v pack_v up_o too_o dry_a or_o too_o wet_a or_o not_o close_o pack_v or_o that_o with_o good_a leaf_n be_v mix_v ground-leaves_a or_o sucker_n the_o way_n to_o discover_v they_o be_v by_o knowledge_n of_o what_o be_v good_a and_o sound_a tobacco_n and_o good_a pack_v a_o hogshead_n well_o pack_v will_v hold_v 400_o weight_n or_o thereabouts_o or_o not_o less_o than_o 300._o of_o foreign_a commodity_n the_o place_n vent_v whatsoever_o be_v needful_a for_o clothe_v or_o householdstuff_n nail_n and_o other_o iron-ware_n for_o building_n wine_n and_o hot-water_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o english_a the_o quantity_n such_o as_o may_v be_v guess_v at_o for_o the_o accommodation_n respective_o of_o about_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o planter_n and_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o indian_n a_o certain_a shagged_a course_n dutch_a cloth_n call_v duffeild_n or_o a_o english_a cloth_n call_v hogbays_n the_o colour_n of_o both_o which_o most_o vendible_a and_o in_o most_o esteem_n with_o the_o indian_n be_v bright_a red_a and_o dark_a blue_a ship_n pertain_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v none_o but_o small_a vessel_n trade_v to_o and_o fro_o to_o virginia_n or_o sometime_o to_o new-england_n there_o be_v no_o prohibition_n of_o any_o commodity_n to_o be_v export_v or_o import_v and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o plantation_n be_v free_a to_o all_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o those_o only_o new-netherland_n new-netherland_n there_o be_v a_o dutch_a plantation_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 41_o degree_n in_o a_o river_n call_v by_o the_o english_a hudson_n river_n by_o the_o indian_n call_v monahaton_n and_o by_o the_o dutch_a who_o have_v intrude_v into_o that_o place_n be_v within_o the_o new-england_n patent_n call_v new-netherland_n they_o have_v in_o this_o place_n divers_a town_n new-amsterdam_n their_o chief_a town_n grave-saint_n flushing_n and_o middleborrough_n also_o fort-orania_n situate_v 40_o mile_n up_o hudson_n river_n their_o religion_n be_v like_o the_o religion_n in_o old-amsterdam_n in_o holland_n their_o government_n subject_v to_o the_o holland_n west-india_n company_n they_o have_v usurp_v there_o a_o great_a trade_n of_o beaver_n from_o the_o english_a nation_n notwithstanding_o the_o late_a king_n charles_n in_o the_o year_n 1631._o do_v declare_v to_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n his_o discontent_n for_o such_o intrusion_n whereupon_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n do_v disclaim_v the_o own_n or_o countenance_v of_o that_o plantation_n impute_v it_o to_o the_o particular_a act_n of_o some_o private_a merchant_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o to_o their_o own_o protection_n and_o to_o be_v eject_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n they_o have_v also_o late_o thrust_v the_o english_a out_o of_o a_o plantation_n in_o delaware_n bay_n call_v new-haven_n where_o they_o be_v seat_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o maryland_n about_o the_o degree_n of_o 40_o north_n latitude_n the_o trade_n there_o with_o the_o indian_n be_v like_o that_o of_o new-amsterdam_n and_o fort-orania_n for_o bever-skin_n and_o in_o all_o their_o say_a plantation_n they_o seize_v the_o english_a and_o their_o good_n if_o they_o take_v they_o trading_n with_o the_o indian_n for_o bever-skin_n or_o other_o fur_n the_o yearly_a trade_n that_o these_o dutch_a hold_n with_o the_o native_n be_v at_o the_o least_o 60000_o bever-skin_n and_o as_o many_o more_o of_o otter_n and_o elk-skin_n beside_o bear_n and_o dearskin_n they_o barter_n with_o the_o native_n for_o these_o commodity_n axe_n ho's_z and_o a_o shagged_a course_n cloth_n call_v duffeild_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o cloth_n most_o esteem_v by_o the_o indian_n be_v bright_a red_a and_o dark_a blue_a but_o the_o chief_a commodity_n by_o which_o the_o dutch_a engross_v and_o draw_v the_o say_a trade_n from_o the_o neighbour_a english_a plantation_n be_v gun_n powder_n shot_n and_o rapier-blade_n which_o instrument_n of_o war_n have_v be_v twice_o fatal_a to_o themselves_o by_o two_o massacre_n commit_v by_o the_o indian_n upon_o they_o with_o the_o help_n of_o those_o weapon_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o half_a their_o people_n at_o each_o time_n and_o have_v be_v also_o dangerous_a to_o the_o adjoin_a plantation_n of_o maryland_n virgania_n and_o new-england_n there_o be_v good_a navigable_a port_n at_o new-amsterdam_n and_o new-haven_n and_o no_o worm_n to_o eat_v the_o ship_n though_o they_o permit_v none_o of_o the_o english_a nation_n to_o trade_n with_o the_o indian_n yet_o they_o permit_v they_o to_o trade_n with_o themselves_o exact_v a_o great_a custom_n at_o pleasure_n for_o all_o good_n import_v and_o export_v as_o a_o recognition_n enforce_v from_o all_o merchant_n to_o their_o west-india_n company_n and_o be_v never_o less_o than_o 15_o in_o the_o hundred_o the_o most_o vendible_a commodity_n to_o be_v bring_v they_o be_v gun_n powder_n and_o shot_n the_o
abovementioned_a shagged_a cloth_n call_v duffeild_n and_o brandywine_n linen_n cloth_n shoe_n stocking_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o clothe_v their_o policy_n be_v to_o prohibit_v the_o importation_n of_o gun_n powder_n and_o shot_n so_o that_o all_o foreiner_n be_v to_o beware_v how_o they_o come_v there_o with_o that_o commodity_n for_o the_o stranger_n shall_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v it_o seize_v without_o some_o close_a contrivance_n in_o the_o land_n of_o it_o but_o once_o land_v and_o on_o the_o shore_n they_o be_v sell_v there_o in_o their_o common_a shop_n there_o be_v in_o new-amsterdam_n 1000_o people_n and_o among_o all_o their_o other_o town_n about_o 1000_o more_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v estimate_v what_o quantity_n of_o clothe_v may_v be_v vend_v there_o 7._o corterialis_n 7._o the_o seven_o be_v terra_fw-la corterialis_n on_o the_o south_n whereof_o run_v that_o famous_a river_n of_o caneda_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o hill_n hombuedo_fw-es run_v nine_o hundred_o mile_n and_o find_v navigable_a for_o eight_o hundred_o thereof_o this_o country_n be_v discover_v by_o gaspar_n corterialis_n a_o portugal_n in_o anno_fw-la 1500._o and_o afford_v only_o some_o rich_a skin_n and_o fur_n for_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o be_v breast_n cabomarso_n and_o other_o of_o little_a note_n 8._o nurembega_n 8._o the_o eight_o be_v nurembega_n and_o the_o chief_a town_n carry_v that_o name_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o french_a other_o thing_n remarkable_a i_o find_v not_o observable_a therein_o 9_o nova_fw-la francia_n 9_o the_o nine_o be_v nova_n francia_n discover_v by_o jaques_n cartier_n a_o frenchman_n in_o anno_fw-la 1534._o inhabit_v beside_o the_o native_n with_o some_o few_o frenchman_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v canada_n and_o next_o sanguinai_n seat_v both_o upon_o two_o river_n so_o call_v afford_v only_o some_o skin_n and_o fur_n especial_o bever_n which_o thence_o by_o the_o french_a be_v transport_v into_o europe_n 10._o estotiland_n 10._o the_o last_o and_o ten_o be_v estotiland_n call_v by_o we_o new-found_a land_n by_o the_o english_a discover_v in_o anno_fw-la 1527._o who_o impose_v the_o name_n upon_o the_o cape_n and_o river_n which_o now_o they_o hold_v where_o some_o have_v go_v to_o plant_v but_o the_o cold_a have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v too_o extreme_a for_o the_o english_a constitution_n newfoundland_n fish_v in_o the_o newfoundland_n but_o in_o the_o summer_n season_n the_o sea_n here_o be_v find_v to_o abound_v with_o fish_n in_o such_o abundance_n that_o a_o man_n may_v take_v in_o a_o hour_n space_n a_o hundred_o great_a fish_n which_o be_v open_v salt_v and_o dry_v upon_o the_o rock_n and_o brach_n be_v hence_o transport_v to_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n and_o know_v in_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o new-land-fish_n in_o french_a by_o the_o name_n of_o morleux_n in_o italy_n bacalio_n and_o in_o spain_n abadeses_n five_o hundred_o sail_n great_a and_o small_a do_v from_o england_n yearly_a sail_n to_o this_o coast_n and_o to_o a_o place_n call_v the_o bank_n a_o sand_n of_o 15_o in_o 20_o fathom_n deep_a thirty_o league_n off_o of_o this_o coast_n and_o these_o depart_n from_o our_o coast_n about_o the_o end_n of_o february_n and_o arrive_v there_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o april_n unrigge_v their_o ship_n set_v up_o booth_n and_o cabanet_n on_o the_o shore_n in_o divers_a creek_n and_o harbour_n and_o there_o with_o fish_v provision_n and_o salt_n begin_v their_o fish_n in_o shallop_n and_o boat_n continue_v it_o till_o september_n and_o at_o this_o time_n do_v not_o only_o catch_v as_o many_o fish_n as_o will_v lade_v their_o ship_n but_o also_o as_o many_o as_o will_v lade_v vessel_n of_o great_a burden_n that_o in_o the_o summer_n come_v hither_o from_o england_n and_o other_o part_n to_o buy_v up_o the_o same_o and_o purposely_o to_o transport_v it_o for_o spain_n italy_n and_o other_o country_n and_o this_o fish_n end_v and_o the_o cold_a beginning_n they_o leave_v their_o station_n and_o booth_n and_o repair_v aboard_o their_o ship_n lade_v their_o fish_n and_o rig_v their_o vessel_n return_v to_o their_o native_a home_n where_o these_o fisherman_n winter_n and_o then_o become_v husbandman_n so_o that_o their_o life_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o otter_n which_o be_v spend_v half_a on_o land_n and_o half_a in_o sea_n this_o fish_n be_v find_v to_o be_v wonderful_a beneficial_a to_o our_o western_a part_n of_o england_n who_o inhabitant_n conside_v upon_o the_o constancy_n of_o the_o yearly_a fish_n upon_o this_o coast_n it_o be_v usual_a with_o they_o to_o sell_v the_o say_a fish_n either_o by_o tale_n or_o the_o hundred_o weight_n in_o england_n by_o contract_n before_o they_o either_o depart_v their_o home_n or_o before_o the_o say_a fish_n be_v catch_v at_o profitable_a rate_n and_o when_o their_o summer_n be_v once_o spend_v and_o that_o the_o cold_a once_o approach_v and_o that_o the_o fish_n begin_v to_o leave_v the_o coast_n they_o return_v content_v to_o their_o family_n where_o oftentimes_o in_o winter_n they_o merry_o spend_v what_o thus_o in_o summer_n they_o have_v painful_o fish_v for_o other_o note_n of_o trading_n worthy_a observation_n at_o my_o therebeing_a in_o my_o young_a day_n i_o observe_v not_o the_o weight_n and_o coin_n of_o england_n pass_v there_o current_a among_o the_o english_a and_o the_o price_n of_o fish_n once_o general_o cut_v at_o their_o fish_v stale_n do_v afterward_o in_o lieu_n of_o coin_n by_o way_n of_o commutation_n all_o that_o year_n pass_v current_n for_o all_o needful_a commodity_n and_o be_v esteem_v as_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n among_o they_o from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o mexicana_n chap._n xiii_o of_o peruana_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o peruana_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o peruana_n contain_v the_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n and_o be_v tie_v to_o mexicana_n by_o the_o straight_a of_o darien_n be_v ten_o mile_n broad_a some_o hold_v the_o spaniard_n do_v once_o intend_v to_o cut_v this_o straight_a through_o and_o make_v it_o navigable_a and_o thereby_o shorten_v the_o way_n to_o the_o south_n sea_n china_n moluccos_fw-la but_o hitherto_o we_o hear_v not_o that_o the_o same_o be_v any_o way_n attempt_v this_o part_n do_v comprehend_v by_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o spaniard_n who_o relation_n in_o this_o vast_a country_n i_o must_v follow_v five_o distinct_a province_n 1_o castilia_n aurea_n 2_o guiana_n 3_o peru._n 4_o brasilia_n 5_o chile_n of_o each_o brief_o aurea_n castilia_n aurea_n castilia_n aurea_n be_v the_o first_o and_o be_v so_o term_v by_o the_o spaniard_n at_o its_o discovery_n for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n find_v therein_o beside_o which_o it_o be_v admirable_o store_v with_o silver_n spice_n and_o some_o drug_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o province_n which_o be_v first_o castilia_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la situate_v in_o the_o very_a isthmus_n and_o be_v not_o populous_a by_o reason_n of_o unhealthfulness_n of_o the_o air_n proceed_v from_o the_o many_o stand_a pool_n find_v therein_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_fw-es bella._n porta_n bella._n and_o now_o porta_n bella_n the_o chief_a port_n at_o which_o the_o fleet_n unlade_v on_o the_o east_n and_o panama_n on_o the_o westside_n thereof_o both_o build_v by_o didacus_n niquesa_n the_o discoverer_n which_o since_o for_o their_o unhealthful_a situation_n be_v remove_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n command_n by_o petro_n aria_n than_o viceroy_n through_o which_o two_o town_n come_v all_o the_o rich_a traffic_n that_o be_v betwixt_o spain_n and_o peru_n panama_n panama_n for_o whatsoever_o commodity_n come_v out_o of_o peru_n be_v unlade_v at_o panama_n carry_v by_o land_n to_o porta_n bella_n and_o thence_o ship_v for_o spain_n and_o what_o commodity_n come_v from_o spain_n be_v land_v at_o porta_n bella_n and_o be_v carry_v by_o land_n to_o panama_n and_o so_o lade_v for_o peru._n verd._n the_o island_n of_o cape_n verd._n they_o be_v so_o call_v be_v situate_v against_o cape_n verd_fw-mi in_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n and_o be_v 10_o in_o number_n viz._n 1._o st._n antonio_n 2._o st._n vincent_n 3._o the_o isle_n of_o salt_n 4._o boam_o vesta_fw-la 5._o maio_n 6._o j._n d._n fogo_n so_o name_v from_o the_o frequent_a flash_v of_o fire_n 7._o st._n lucia_n 8._o st._n nicholas_n 9_o brane_n 10._o st._n jago_n they_o be_v discover_v in_o the_o year_n 1440._o by_o a_o genoese_a for_o the_o portugal_n lie_v all_o between_o 13_o and_o 18_o degree_n north-latitude_n and_o about_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o longitude_n at_o present_a only_o three_o of_o they_o inhabit_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o they_o but_o of_o little_a concernment_n to_o our_o business_n of_o trade_n st._n jago_n be_v the_o most_o
considerable_a though_o not_o the_o big_a be_v not_o above_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n long_o lie_v in_o 15_o degree_n latitude_n it_o have_v once_o a_o fair_a town_n call_v riblera_n but_o sack_v and_o burn_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n anno_fw-la 1585._o and_o afterward_o in_o anno_fw-la 1596._o by_o sir_n anthony_n shirley_n it_o run_v the_o same_o fate_n it_o be_v at_o present_a pretty_a well_o inhabit_a and_z have_v a_o convenient_a harbour_n call_v the_o prie_n secure_v by_o a_o castle_n where_o ship_n may_v ride_v with_o its_o leave_n in_o safety_n they_o have_v some_o quantity_n of_o sugar_n sweetmeat_n and_o coco-nut_n be_v their_o chief_a commodity_n which_o they_o exchange_v for_o such_o commodity_n as_o they_o want_v for_o clothing_n as_o cloth_n stuff_v of_o several_a sort_n linen_n hat_n and_o the_o like_a they_o have_v very_o large_a and_o good_a cattle_n which_o they_o sell_v at_o easy_a rate_n about_o 25_o s._n aplece_n also_o horse_n of_o excellent_a shape_n and_o metal_n but_o they_o be_v contrabando_n good_n and_o not_o to_o be_v deal_v in_o without_o leave_n from_o the_o governor_n under_o no_o less_o penalty_n than_o forfeiture_n of_o ship_n and_o good_n if_o he_o get_v you_o in_o his_o command_n but_o by_o graruity_n and_o a_o particular_a trade_n with_o he_o small_a number_n be_v sometime_o admit_v to_o be_v carry_v from_o thence_o attempt_n ocknam_n brave_a attempt_n if_o i_o shall_v silent_o pass_v over_o the_o attempt_n of_o one_o john_n ocknam_n a_o follower_n of_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o his_o world_n incompassment_n in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v much_o wrong_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o so_o much_o worth_n this_o man_n as_o mr._n hackluit_n have_v it_o with_o 70_o companion_n in_o a_o creek_n a_o little_a above_o these_o town_n draw_v on_o shore_n his_o bark_n cover_v the_o same_o with_o bough_n and_o leaf_n and_o so_o leave_v it_o march_v over_o with_o his_o company_n guide_v by_o some_o negro_n until_o he_o come_v to_o a_o river_n which_o run_v into_o the_o south-sea_n which_o by_o relation_n and_o mercator_n map_n may_v be_v tomobonda_n or_o the_o creek_n of_o ventura_n where_o he_o cut_v down_o timber_n build_v he_o a_o frigate_n enter_v the_o south-sea_n go_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o pearl_n lay_v there_o 10_o day_n and_o there_o inteicept_v in_o two_o spanish_a ship_n 60000_o pound_n weight_n of_o gold_n and_o 200000_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n in_o ingot_n with_o divers_a other_o rich_a commodity_n and_o after_o that_o return_v safe_o again_o to_o the_o main_a land_n where_o row_v up_o the_o same_o stream_n where_o his_o frigate_n be_v build_v he_o be_v discover_v by_o some_o feather_n pluck_v from_o certain_a fowl_n they_o have_v kill_v for_o their_o provision_n which_o swim_v upon_o the_o river_n down_o the_o current_n and_o though_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o be_v take_v and_o return_v not_o into_o his_o country_n nor_o yet_o his_o hide_a vessel_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o adventure_n that_o deserve_v a_o remembrance_n from_o all_o such_o as_o be_v lover_n of_o their_o country_n honour_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o admiration_n by_o the_o spanish_a writer_n that_o have_v make_v mention_n thereof_o nova_n andalusia_n nova_n andalusia_n nova_n be_v the_o second_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v santa_n margarita_n and_o santa_n sperita_n granada_n nova_fw-la granada_n nova_fw-la granada_n be_v the_o three_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v jungia_n a_o pleasant_a and_o strong_a town_n direct_o seat_v under_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o next_o be_v st._n foy_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n cartagena_n cartagena_n cartagena_n be_v the_o four_o account_v a_o fruitful_a soil_n but_o therein_o be_v find_v a_o tree_n that_o whosoever_o touch_v do_v hardly_o escape_v poison_v the_o chief_a city_n be_v cartagena_n which_o our_o countryman_n sir_n frances_n drake_n in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o surprise_a where_o beside_o inestimable_a sum_n of_o money_n he_o take_v with_o he_o from_o hence_o 240_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n province_n guiana_n second_o province_n guiana_n be_v the_o second_o province_n direct_o situate_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n and_o be_v the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o peruana_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o wintertime_n dwell_v in_o tree_n for_o fear_v of_o inundation_n on_o which_o they_o build_v many_o pretty_a village_n and_o artificial_a mansion_n it_o be_v water_v with_o two_o goodly_a river_n the_o one_o have_v the_o name_n of_o orinoque_n or_o rather_o raliana_n borrow_v the_o same_o from_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n who_o first_o of_o all_o to_o any_o purpose_n make_v a_o plenary_a survey_n of_o this_o country_n with_o the_o commodity_n and_o situation_n thereof_o in_o an._n 1595._o and_o find_v this_o river_n navigable_a for_o great_a ship_n of_o burden_n 1000_o mile_n and_o for_o boat_n and_o pinnace_n 2000_o mile_n the_o other_o river_n be_v call_v orellana_n or_o the_o amazon_n discover_v 1543._o the_o which_o be_v find_v navigable_a 6000_o mile_n and_o 200_o mile_n broad_a at_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o sea_n city_n manoa_n the_o golden_a city_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o country_n and_o if_o spanish_a writer_n may_v herein_o be_v believe_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o world_n be_v here_o find_v and_o call_v manoa_n or_o as_o diego_n ordas_n the_o discoverer_n call_v it_o el_fw-es dorado_n or_o the_o golden_a from_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n both_o in_o coin_n plate_n armour_n and_o other_o furniture_n which_o he_o there_o see_v this_o discoverer_n or_o traveller_n for_o by_o that_o name_n the_o truth_n of_o his_o wondrous_a relation_n may_v be_v the_o better_o consider_v be_v say_v to_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o city_n at_o noon_n and_o to_o have_v travel_v all_o that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o also_o until_o night_n through_o the_o street_n hereof_o before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o peradventure_o be_v the_o policy_n of_o those_o people_n as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o to_o be_v in_o constantinople_n in_o anno_fw-la 1621._o when_o as_o the_o duke_n of_o avarascah_n come_v with_o a_o great_a train_n in_o embassy_n from_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o sultan_n osman_n the_o then_o great_a turk_n after_o his_o unfortunate_a expedition_n to_o poland_n cause_v he_o and_o his_o whole_a train_n to_o be_v lead_v a_o whole_a afternoon_n through_o the_o most_o eminent_a street_n of_o that_o city_n when_o he_o first_o enter_v the_o same_o and_o so_o to_o his_o appoint_a lodging_n whereas_o a_o hour_n easy_a walk_n to_o he_o that_o bid_v know_v the_o direct_a way_n will_v easy_o have_v serve_v the_o turn_n perchance_o imagine_v this_o a_o fit_a way_n to_o demonstrate_v to_o the_o ambassador_n the_o beauty_n and_o vastness_n of_o that_o city_n together_o with_o his_o own_o greatness_n in_o ostentation_n and_o to_o recover_v that_o honour_n and_o repute_v which_o he_o have_v a_o little_a before_o lose_v by_o the_o insolency_n and_o cowardice_n of_o his_o soldier_n in_o his_o say_a expedition_n thither_o province_n peru_n the_o three_o province_n the_o three_o province_n be_v peru_n which_o above_o all_o other_o in_o america_n abound_v in_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o mine_n whereof_o in_o divers_a place_n be_v better_a store_v with_o metal_n than_o with_o earth_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v st._n michael_n the_o first_o colony_n the_o spaniard_n place_v there_o and_o fortify_v by_o piscaro_n a_o famous_a spanish_a captain_n who_o subdue_v the_o country_n take_v the_o king_n thereof_o prisoner_n and_o have_v for_o a_o ransom_n for_o his_o liberty_n and_o life_n a_o house_n pile_v up_o on_o all_o side_n with_o refine_a gold_n and_o silver_n in_o estimation_n about_o ten_o million_o which_o when_o he_o have_v receive_v most_o perfidious_o contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o promise_n slay_v he_o by_o which_o appear_v the_o wonderful_a riches_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o which_o the_o soil_n be_v luxuriant_a in_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n fortunate_a in_o the_o civility_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n frequency_n of_o city_n and_o salubrity_n of_o air_n and_o abundant_o store_v with_o that_o herb_n tobacco_n from_o hence_o bring_v first_o into_o england_n by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n mariner_n in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o plâ—ta_fw-la râ—…la_fw-la plâ—ta_fw-la in_o this_o country_n be_v also_o now_o find_v that_o famous_a river_n call_v of_o plate_n be_v 150_o mile_n broad_a at_o the_o embesheur_fw-fr and_o above_o 2000_o mile_n long_o and_o on_o this_o stream_n be_v find_v certain_a figtree_n the_o part_n towards_o the_o river_n bear_v fruit_n in_o winter_n and_o the_o other_o part_n thereof_o towards_o the_o land_n bear_v fruit_n in_o summer_n province_n brasilia_n the_o 4_o province_n brasilia_n be_v the_o four_o afford_v a_o soil_n fat_a by_o nature_n and_o always_o flourish_a yield_a great_a store_n of_o sugar_n and_o wonderful_a rich_a in_o mine_n and_o hence_o our_o redwood_n which_o
s._n concern_v account_n they_o be_v keep_v in_o muscovado_n sugar_n according_a to_o which_o all_o the_o other_o country_n commodity_n be_v regulate_v concern_v interest_n ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o be_v account_v reasonable_a but_o no_o law_n be_v make_v they_o take_v from_o 10_o to_o 30_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o some_o more_o concern_v weight_n and_o measure_n they_o be_v according_a to_o the_o standard_n of_o england_n and_o only_o differ_v in_o that_o they_o buy_v and_o sell_v by_o the_o single_a 100_o l._n instead_o of_o the_o 112._o and_o the_o measure_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n linen_n and_o woollen_a be_v the_o yard_n only_o in_o salt_n they_o allow_v 84_o pound_n to_o the_o bushel_n and_o for_o all_o sort_n of_o grain_n 56_o pound_n to_o the_o bushel_n the_o growth_n of_o this_o island_n and_o part_n adjacent_a as_o for_o trade_n be_v sugar_n ginger_n indigo_n cotton-wooll_n also_o tobacco_n logwood_n fustick_a and_o lignum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la but_o of_o these_o four_o last_v no_o quantity_n now_o to_o be_v have_v here_o but_o in_o the_o leeward_n island_n great_a store_n for_o the_o first_o four_o every_o one_o make_v as_o they_o please_v that_o be_v to_o say_v few_o so_o good_a as_o they_o may_v especial_o if_o intend_v to_o pay_v away_o here_o be_v no_o law_n of_o compulsion_n in_o the_o case_n in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o island_n sugar_n will_v require_v five_o week_n to_o cure_n in_o and_o in_o other_o place_n near_o the_o sea_n three_o week_n the_o soon_o but_o some_o will_v make_v payment_n of_o it_o in_o three_o or_o four_o day_n cure_v etc._n etc._n which_o if_o refuse_v by_o the_o merchant_n he_o may_v stay_v one_o year_n time_n the_o long_o beside_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o suit_n in_o law_n ere_o he_o get_v it_o this_o can_v well_o be_v remedy_v because_o the_o law_n be_v make_v by_o freeholder_n which_o be_v planter_n no_o merchant_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v choose_v into_o the_o assembly_n unless_o he_o have_v to_o acre_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n the_o first_o four_o mention_v commodity_n receive_v prejudice_n in_o their_o product_n by_o abundance_n of_o rain_n or_o drought_n when_o more_o than_o usual_a happen_v in_o their_o proper_a season_n also_o violent_a wind_n lodge_v the_o sugarcane_n whereby_o the_o quantity_n be_v lessen_v and_o the_o goodness_n abate_v the_o chief_a season_n for_o exportation_n be_v from_o january_n to_o september_n or_o october_n when_o come_v in_o the_o wet_a season_n that_o make_v the_o way_n not_o cartable_a etc._n etc._n and_o usual_o put_v a_o end_n both_o of_o make_v and_o transport_v wine_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v here_o import_v and_o vend_v but_o of_o french_a and_o portugal_n the_o great_a quantity_n viz._n of_o madera_n wine_n come_v in_o about_o 1300_o tun_n yearly_a of_o spanish_a about_o 300_o tun_n and_o of_o french_a wine_n about_o 700_o tun_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la beside_o brandy_n and_o english_a spirit_n but_o of_o these_o now_o few_o quantity_n import_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o general_a use_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o sugarcane_n call_v rum_o which_o by_o the_o mean_a fort_n as_o servant_n and_o slave_n be_v not_o only_o drink_v in_o great_a abundance_n but_o also_o much_o thereof_o be_v hence_o transport_v to_o virginia_n barmudos_n and_o new-england_n etc._n etc._n salt_v meat_n as_o beef_n pork_n fish_n etc._n etc._n from_o ireland_n new-england_n virginia_n barmudos_n newfoundland_n etc._n etc._n also_o pease_n flower_n butter_n cheese_n and_o biscuit_n likewise_o timber_n board_n pipe_n and_o hogshead_n staff_n etc._n etc._n also_o negro-slave_n from_o guinny_n and_o live_v cattle_n as_o bull_n cow_n astenegoes_n and_o horse_n from_o the_o cape_n de_fw-fr verde_n island_n new-england_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o england_n servant_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n fit_a for_o plantation_n and_o for_o apparel_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o which_o great_a quantity_n be_v hither_o bring_v and_o sell_v concern_v drapery_n that_o be_v here_o chief_o in_o use_n and_o vendible_a which_o be_v in_o england_n and_z althô_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o constant_a temperate_a warmth_n stuff_v in_o great_a quantity_n be_v make_v use_n of_o yet_o sine_fw-la broad_a cloth_n be_v much_o wear_v here_o and_o in_o good_a request_n and_o for_o linen_n etc._n etc._n all_o sort_n be_v here_o wear_v as_o in_o england_n but_o more_o especial_o of_o the_o fine_a together_o with_o shoe_n stocking_n hat_n and_o all_o other_o manner_n of_o apparel_n be_v here_o use_v as_o in_o england_n copper_n and_o still_n for_o boil_a of_o sugar_n and_o make_v of_o rum_o with_o all_o other_o necessary_n belong_v to_o plantation_n to_o sugar-work_n and_o windmill_n as_o all_o kind_n of_o ironwork_n and_o brass_n be_v here_o vendible_a also_o fire-stone_n to_o set_v copper_n with_o and_o newcastle_n coal_n for_o smith_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v no_o excise_n nor_o custom_n payable_a on_o any_o commodity_n import_v or_o export_v save_v only_o on_o liquor_n as_o wine_n and_o brandy_n beer_n and_o cider_n spanish_n and_o portugal_n wine_n at_o present_a pay_n for_o excise_n 270_o pound_n of_o muscovado_n sugar_n per_fw-la tun_n and_o french_a 200_o pound_n brandy_n 3_o pound_n of_o sugar_n per_fw-la gallon_n beer_n 54_o pound_n per_fw-la tun_n and_o cider_n the_o like_a and_o this_o duty_n be_v sometime_o more_o and_o sometime_o less_o and_o all_o ship_n which_o come_v to_o trade_n here_o pay_v half_o a_o pound_n of_o powder_n for_o each_o tun_n enter_v at_o factorage_n or_o factory_a provision_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o sail_n and_o 5_o for_o return_v together_o with_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o storehouse_n room_n this_o be_v the_o ordinary_a rate_n but_o some_o agree_v to_o have_v their_o business_n do_v cheap_a no_o prohibition_n for_o exportation_n or_o importation_n of_o any_o commodity_n only_o the_o governor_n be_v consent_n be_v to_o be_v ask_v if_o any_o will_v export_v provision_n as_o corn_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o island_n the_o ship_n which_o come_v and_o trade_n to_o this_o island_n belong_v general_o to_o england_n some_o few_o small_a vessel_n belong_v to_o this_o place_n and_o pass_v to_o and_o fro_o here_o and_o to_o the_o leeward_n island_n and_o some_o belong_v to_o new-england_n barmudos_n etc._n etc._n the_o number_n of_o vessel_n which_o come_v hither_o to_o trade_n in_o one_o whole_a year_n namely_o in_o 1660._o be_v find_v to_o be_v 201_o ship_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o ketche_n sloop_n bark_n etc._n etc._n and_o contain_v in_o burden_n 15505_o tun_n according_a as_o they_o be_v here_o enter_v which_o be_v at_o the_o least_o three_o pound_n less_o than_o their_o true_a burden_n great_a part_n of_o which_o ship_n reload_v for_o england_n and_o many_o go_v for_o new-england_n barmudos_n virginia_n guinny_n and_o other_o place_n almost_o empty_a and_o with_o but_o little_a of_o this_o country_n growth_n no_o other_o fish_n then_o 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accommodate_v with_o a_o fresh_a river_n who_o original_a be_v not_o above_o a_o furlong_n distant_a which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o little_a rivulet_n enter_v the_o town_n and_o there_o so_o subdivide_v that_o scarce_o a_o house_n but_o be_v supply_v with_o a_o branch_n thereof_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v some_o gentleman_n and_o merchant_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o as_o live_v upon_o their_o cattle_n or_o rather_o upon_o their_o hide_n and_o their_o plantation_n of_o caquo_n which_o of_o late_a year_n be_v grow_v very_o considerable_a the_o passage_n to_o this_o place_n from_o the_o port_n or_o seaside_n be_v very_o difficult_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o steep_a rock_n some_o as_o high_a as_o st._n paul's-steeple_n london_n and_o narrow_a passage_n where_o but_o one_o horse_n can_v go_v at_o a_o time_n and_o often_o in_o great_a danger_n of_o tumble_v from_o those_o narrow_a passage_n
it_o be_v affirm_v without_o contradiction_n that_o by_o mean_n thereof_o philip_n the_o second_o during_o his_o reign_n do_v spend_v more_o than_o all_o his_o predecessor_n be_v in_o number_n sixty-two_a that_o have_v reign_v before_o he_o in_o this_o kingdom_n before_o they_o shake_v off_o the_o roman_a yoke_n for_o he_o alone_o spend_v more_o than_o a_o hundred_o million_o that_o come_v out_o of_o this_o india_n this_o country_n also_o give_v employment_n to_o many_o ship_n of_o great_a burden_n to_o carry_v their_o sugar_n ginger_n cotton_n fernandbuck_n and_o such_o other_o commodity_n that_o be_v here_o find_v daily_o to_o increase_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o spaniard_n which_o by_o good_a government_n may_v come_v in_o time_n to_o a_o great_a height_n and_o have_v not_o the_o sword_n of_o these_o bloodsucker_n end_v so_o many_o million_o of_o life_n in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n trade_n may_v have_v see_v a_o great_a harvest_n and_o a_o more_o profitable_a crop_n by_o their_o industry_n and_o labour_n it_o will_v not_o be_v further_o useful_a for_o i_o to_o insist_v upon_o other_o particular_n of_o traffic_n in_o this_o continent_n in_o matter_n of_o coin_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n for_o in_o all_o these_o they_o follow_v the_o rule_v observe_v in_o sevil_n where_o the_o rendezvous_n of_o those_o ship_n be_v make_v that_o go_v and_o come_v into_o these_o part_n and_o so_o leave_v this_o new_a discover_v division_n of_o the_o world_n i_o will_v cross_v the_o main_a ocean_n and_o with_o a_o somewhat_o better_a survey_n i_o will_v observe_v the_o needful_a occurrent_n of_o trade_n in_o africa_n my_o second_o part_n of_o this_o model_n and_o of_o the_o world_n of_o africa_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n fourteen_o thereof_o africa_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o africa_n i_o make_v to_o be_v my_o second_o division_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o peninsula_n almost_o encompass_v round_o have_v the_o red_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n the_o southern_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a on_o the_o north_n and_o where_o the_o sea_n be_v defective_a to_o make_v it_o a_o complete_a island_n there_o be_v a_o little_a isthmus_n of_o 20_o league_n that_o ti_v it_o to_o asia_n which_o sundry_a prince_n in_o former_a age_n intend_v to_o trench_v through_o to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o both_o those_o sea_n unite_v but_o have_v desist_v as_o find_v the_o sea_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n gulf_n to_o be_v high_a than_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n by_o nature_n all_o flat_a level_a and_o plain_a and_o so_o may_v thereby_o overflow_v and_o drown_v all_o egypt_n part_n divide_v into_o eight_o part_n africa_n be_v at_o this_o day_n usual_o divide_v into_o eight_o part_n which_o be_v 1._o barbary_n 2._o numidia_n 3._o lybia_n 4._o negrita_n 5._o aethiopia_n interior_n 6._o aethiopia_n exterior_a 7._o egypt_n and_o 8._o the_o island_n thereof_o 1_o barbary_n 1_o and_o first_o barbary_n be_v now_o divide_v into_o four_o kingdom_n which_o be_v first_o tunis_n second_o argier_n three_o fez_n and_o four_o morocco_z the_o commodity_n these_o country_n send_v abroad_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o when_o i_o come_v to_o these_o particular_a place_n chap._n xv._o of_o tunis_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tunis_n description_n of_o tunis_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n contain_v sundry_a city_n of_o trade_n viz._n bona_n biserta_fw-la tripoli_n africa_n and_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a the_o city_n of_o tunis_n itself_o which_o be_v situate_a near_a unto_o a_o lake_n some_o seven_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n extend_v almost_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o goletta_n whereby_o this_o port_n common_o call_v the_o port_n of_o goletta_n be_v strong_o guard_v be_v about_o eight_o mile_n distant_a from_o this_o city_n near_o unto_o which_o be_v seat_v that_o famous_a city_n of_o carthage_n who_o contend_v with_o rome_n for_o the_o mastery_n of_o the_o world_n and_o challenge_v the_o priority_n in_o africa_n as_o queen_n and_o supreme_a lady_n thereof_o not_o only_o see_v in_o here_o ruin_n and_o know_v by_o her_o vast_a extent_n and_o from_o who_o ash_n spring_v up_o tunis_n which_o be_v almost_o 4_o english_a mile_n in_o circuit_n within_o the_o wall_n and_o with_o the_o suburb_n will_v make_v in_o compass_n about_o 7_o mile_n the_o street_n be_v general_o very_o narrow_a it_o be_v exceed_o populous_a as_o appear_v by_o that_o terrible_a devastation_n in_o the_o year_n 1643_o and_o part_n of_o 44_o wherein_o there_o die_v of_o the_o plague_n in_o the_o space_n of_o about_o 15_o month_n if_o vox_fw-la populi_n may_v be_v credit_v no_o less_o than_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o person_n and_o yet_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o after_o be_v scarce_o miss_v the_o native_n be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n moor_n and_o andaluzes_n which_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o those_o moor_n which_o by_o thousand_o be_v banish_v from_o spain_n who_o profess_v the_o mahometan_a religion_n government_n government_n the_o great_a turk_n be_v acknowledge_v for_o their_o protector_n who_o every_o three_o year_n and_o sometime_o often_o do_v send_v hither_o a_o bashaw_n who_o represent_v his_o person_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o viceroy_n send_v by_o he_o to_o recover_v in_o his_o tribute_n from_o the_o moor_n of_o this_o country_n and_o to_o pay_v off_o his_o janissary_n which_o be_v about_o 400_o in_o number_n and_o these_o keep_v in_o subjection_n the_o whole_a city_n and_o some_o adjacent_a town_n the_o government_n chief_o appertain_v to_o the_o dey_n or_o captain_n general_n for_o so_o the_o word_n do_v import_v who_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o turk_n there_o be_v also_o a_o duan_n or_o council_n of_o state_n who_o consult_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n yet_o have_v not_o absolute_a power_n to_o determine_v of_o any_o thing_n without_o the_o consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o dey_n who_o rule_v they_o as_o he_o please_v building_n building_n their_o house_n be_v build_v of_o stone_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v after_o a_o square_a form_n and_o flat_a at_o the_o top_n there_o be_v a_o court-yard_n in_o the_o midst_n for_o the_o convey_n of_o light_n into_o the_o adjacent_a room_n some_o few_o of_o their_o house_n be_v magnificent_a and_o their_o church_n general_o thâ—_n small_a be_v superficial_o beautiful_a which_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v so_o sacred_a that_o none_o that_o be_v not_o musselman_n that_o be_v true_a believer_n according_a to_o the_o mahometan_a account_n be_v permit_v to_o set_v foot_n therein_o if_o they_o do_v there_o be_v no_o remedy_n but_o they_o must_v either_o turn_v from_o or_o burn_v for_o their_o religion_n this_o kingdom_n be_v much_o better_v and_o enrich_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o andaluze_n who_o have_v here_o build_v many_o city_n and_o temple_n according_a to_o their_o superstitious_a use_n plant_v vine_n orange_n lemon_n fig_n date_n almond_n and_o olive_n and_o thereby_o have_v much_o people_v and_o prosit_v the_o whole_a country_n port._n port._n the_o port_n be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o safe_a and_o secure_a except_v only_o when_o a_o wind_n blow_v hard_a which_o make_v a_o great_a sea_n and_o withal_o so_o large_a that_o many_o hundred_o sail_n may_v ride_v at_o anchor_n the_o ground_n likewise_o be_v very_o good_a coin_n coin_n the_o coin_n passable_a here_o be_v of_o three_o kind_n of_o metal_n viz._n gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n those_o of_o gold_n be_v usual_o but_o of_o three_o sort_n namely_o the_o sultany_n which_o common_o pass_v at_o 90_o asper_n 52_o whereof_o go_v to_o a_o spanish_a dollar_n or_o ryal_n of_o 〈◊〉_d the_o venice_n chickeen_n at_o 2_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o spain_n and_o the_o spanish_a pistolet_n at_o 3¼_n ryal_n of_o 〈◊〉_d but_o these_o gold_n coin_n do_v vary_v much_o in_o their_o value_n according_a to_o man_n necessity_n and_o the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n thereof_o sultany_n have_v pass_v sometime_o at_o 100_o asper_n apiece_o for_o a_o long_a while_n together_o likewise_o the_o spanish_a pistolet_n have_v be_v at_o 3½_n and_o the_o venice_n chickeen_n at_o 2¼_n ryal_n of_o 8_o â—_o the_o reason_n why_o these_o do_v often_o rise_v so_o high_a be_v principal_o the_o mahometan_n go_v to_o mecha_n to_o visit_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o their_o false_a prophet_n who_o for_o their_o light_a carriage_n be_v very_o inquisitive_a after_o gold_n but_o they_o chief_o desire_v sultany_n which_o in_o divers_a place_n go_v current_a for_o 2_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d a_o piece_n sometime_o also_o they_o inquire_v after_o spanish_a pistolet_n but_o seldom_o or_o never_o after_o venice_n chequin_n for_o they_o be_v not_o passable_a in_o those_o part_n yet_o this_o last_o
sort_n be_v much_o make_v use_n of_o for_o guild_v the_o old_a one_o be_v account_v the_o best_a the_o silver_n coin_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n viz._n the_o spanish_a ryal_n of_o 8_o â—_o and_o the_o asper_n of_o this_o place_n which_o latter_a notwithstanding_o have_v some_o mixture_n of_o brass_n in_o it_o and_o of_o late_a year_n they_o have_v be_v so_o falsify_v by_o the_o jew_n that_o at_o present_a they_o be_v call_v in_o which_o can_v but_o occasion_v a_o great_a detriment_n to_o many_o account_n account_n their_o account_n be_v common_o keep_v in_o dollar_n or_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o asper_n money_n exportation_n of_o money_n exportation_n of_o money_n be_v sometime_o limit_v viz._n such_o a_o quantity_n at_o a_o ship_n as_o the_o dey_n please_v and_o often_o prohibit_v yet_o seldom_o be_v this_o prohibition_n so_o strict_a but_o by_o mean_n of_o a_o present_v you_o may_v transport_v what_o you_o please_v yet_o take_v this_o observation_n that_o the_o dollar_n here_o be_v general_o light_a than_o in_o other_o part_n the_o reason_n suppose_v to_o be_v the_o jew_n clip_v of_o they_o weight_n weight_n their_o common_a weight_n be_v a_o cantar_n or_o 100_o pound_n be_v about_o two_o pound_n big_a than_o our_o 112_o pound_n of_o england_n so_o that_o their_o pound_n weight_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v near_o 16_o ounce_n troy_n and_o produce_v in_o ligorn_n the_o common_a scale_n of_o passage_n from_o christendom_n 150_o pound_n this_o cantar_n contain_v 100_o pound_n each_o pound_n be_v divide_v into_o 16_o ounce_n and_o each_o ounce_n into_o 8_o tamin_n and_o hereby_o be_v weigh_v all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n except_o silver_n gold_n pearl_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v weigh_v by_o a_o carot_n weight_n and_o mitigals_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o another_o place_n more_o convenient_a in_o weigh_v of_o clove_n 5_o pound_n per_fw-la cantor_n be_v usual_o allow_v for_o tret_n and_o for_o nutmeg_n and_o pepper_n 5_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_n for_o tret_n and_o bag_n together_o length_n measure_n of_o length_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o pike_n whereof_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o cloth-pike_n that_o be_v 26½_n inch_n english_a by_o which_o be_v measure_v all_o sort_n of_o woollen_a cloth_n and_o stuff_v by_o the_o second_o term_v the_o silk-pike_n which_o be_v a_o gray_a or_o 1_o 18_o part_n less_o than_o the_o cloth-pike_n be_v measure_v silk_n satin_n velvet_n and_o the_o like_a by_o the_o three_o sort_n which_o be_v call_v the_o linnen-pike_n be_v measure_v only_a linen_n and_o dimity_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v ¼_n part_v less_o than_o the_o silk-pike_n meaure_n dry_a meaure_n their_o dry_a measure_n be_v 1._o the_o coffice_n which_o contain_v about_o ten_o english_a bushel_n and_o do_v common_o hold_v out_o 5_o sack_n of_o ligorn_n and_o somewhat_o better_a second_o the_o weab_n 18_o whereof_o make_v a_o coffice_n and_o three_o the_o saw_n 12_o whereof_o make_v a_o weab_n measure_n liquid_a measure_n their_o liquid_a measure_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n viz._n the_o wine-meetar_a and_z the_o oyl-meetar_a the_o latter_a whereof_o be_v just_a twice_o as_o big_a as_o the_o former_a contain_v near_o five_o english_a gallon_n commodity_n commodity_n the_o principal_a commodity_n that_o this_o place_n do_v afford_v be_v hides_n wool_n wax_n honey_n oil_n corn_n date_n raisin_n anniseed_n ostrich_n feather_n and_o sponge_n etc._n etc._n the_o commodity_n vend_v here_o be_v english_a and_o venice_n cloth_n lead_v shot_n deal_v board_n perpetuanoe_n latten-plate_n sea_n horse_n tooth_n clove_n pepper_n ginger_n saffron_n cinnamon_n nutmeg_n tartar_n alum_n spanish_a wool_n sassaperilla_n cocheneel_v gold-thread_n di_fw-mi genoa_n cotton_n yarn_n and_o wool_n french_a canvas_n gumlock_n mad_a iron_n wire_n iron_n of_o bilbo_n genoa_n and_o venice_n paper_n damask_n and_o satin_n of_o luca_n etc._n etc._n custom_n custom_n the_o custom_n of_o this_o country_n upon_o all_o commodity_n import_v except_v lead_n shoot_v and_o iron_n which_o pay_v no_o custom_n at_o all_o be_v 9_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o the_o real_a value_n sell_v whereof_o lest_o the_o merchant_n shall_v defraud_v the_o customer_n a_o broker_n have_v be_v former_o appoint_v continual_o to_o attend_v on_o the_o merchant_n to_o keep_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o what_o good_n they_o receive_v and_o sell_v and_o to_o what_o value_n but_o of_o late_a year_n this_o have_v be_v discontinue_v confide_v as_o it_o shall_v seem_v more_o in_o the_o english_a than_o heretofore_o they_o be_v wont_v yet_o still_o there_o be_v officer_n appoint_v to_o take_v a_o account_n of_o all_o good_n come_v ashore_o in_o general_a and_o before_o you_o can_v expose_v they_o to_o sale_n a_o exact_a account_n of_o every_o commodity_n in_o particular_a other_o charge_n of_o good_n import_v beside_o freight_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a rate_n be_v about_o 8_o per_fw-la cent_n more_o viz._n 2_o per_fw-la cent_n gonsolage_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n provision_n and_o brokerage_n and_o about_o 1_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o petty_a charge_n custom_n on_o good_n export_v except_v hide_n wax_n and_o wool_n which_o pay_v no_o custom_n be_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n commodity_n contrabanda_a commodity_n all_o edible_a thing_n as_o corn_n pease_n bean_n oil_n butter_n honey_n date_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o like_a be_v contrabanda_a commodity_n yet_o not_o seldom_o by_o the_o help_n of_o present_n licence_n may_v be_v procure_v for_o transportation_n thereof_o importation_n of_o all_o good_n be_v allow_v of_o to_o conclude_v this_o place_n be_v of_o no_o great_a importance_n for_o commerce_n vend_v but_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o good_n wherewith_o have_v for_o some_o year_n pass_v be_v glut_v this_o market_n be_v soon_o over-cloyed_n have_v be_v find_v to_o yield_v little_a benefit_n to_o the_o late_a trader_n and_o less_o encouragement_n to_o the_o english_a factory_a who_o if_o more_o than_o one_o house_n be_v settle_v this_o place_n will_v even_o starve_v if_o they_o be_v honest_a for_o no_o great_a quantity_n of_o any_o commodity_n be_v to_o be_v provide_v chap._n xvi_o of_o argier_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tremesin_n argier_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tremesin_n argier_n contain_v only_o two_o town_n of_o note_n tremesin_n once_o the_o principal_a of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o argier_n the_o principal_a now_o of_o this_o country_n not_o find_v to_o be_v very_o spacious_a in_o its_o self_n but_o strong_a and_o of_o late_a much_o fortify_v enrich_v not_o only_o by_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o moor_n banish_v out_o of_o spain_n but_o also_o by_o the_o spoil_n of_o many_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n bring_v thither_o as_o the_o retreat_n and_o receptacle_n of_o all_o turkish_a and_o moorish_a pirate_n which_o do_v much_o infest_v the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o of_o late_a year_n have_v find_v the_o way_n out_o of_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n into_o the_o canary_n island_n and_o into_o sundry_a other_o country_n border_v upon_o the_o ocean_n in_o it_o be_v account_v eighty_o thousand_o soul_n the_o utmost_a part_n of_o they_o live_v by_o piracy_n merchandize_v be_v not_o much_o in_o use_n in_o this_o city_n yet_o some_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v find_v to_o detest_v this_o common_a ill-gotten_a gain_n by_o piracy_n and_o theft_n and_o these_o be_v observe_v to_o maintain_v some_o trade_n with_o other_o nation_n along_o the_o coast_n what_o point_v necessary_a thereto_o according_a as_o i_o note_v there_o in_o 1619._o i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o and_o first_o their_o commodity_n vend_v thence_o to_o foreign_a part_n be_v such_o as_o follow_v aâ—gier_n commodity_n of_o aâ—gier_n the_o commodity_n this_o kingdom_n afford_v be_v barbary_n horse_n ostrich_n feather_n honey_n wax_n raisin_n fig_n date_n oil_n almond_n castille_n soap_n brass_n copper_n and_o some_o drug_n and_o last_o excellent_a piratical_a rascal_n in_o great_a quantity_n and_o poor_a miserable_a christian_a captive_n of_o all_o nation_n too_o too_o many_o god_n give_v they_o comfort_n patience_n and_o release_v in_o due_a time_n if_o it_o be_v his_o bless_a will._n argier_n coin_n of_o argier_n their_o coin_n pass_v current_n here_o in_o trade_n be_v the_o double_a which_o be_v account_v to_o hold_v correspondence_n in_o value_n with_o the_o english_a shilling_n or_o rather_o two_o spanish_a rial_n single_a four_o double_v be_v 1_o â„ž_o â—_o 8_o call_v there_o a_o osian_a five_o double_v and_o 35_o asper_n be_v a_o pistolet_n of_o spain_n seven_o double_v be_v account_v a_o sultany_n or_o chequeen_n the_o common_a piece_n of_o gold_n find_v current_a in_o all_o barbary_n fifty_o asper_n be_v account_v to_o make_v a_o double_a and_o these_o be_v the_o usual_a coin_n passable_a in_o all_o this_o coast_n belong_v to_o this_o kingdom_n argier_n weight_n of_o argier_n the_o 100_o l._n or_o rotolos_n here_o be_v 120_o l._n
of_o the_o yearly_a progress_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n from_o place_n to_o place_n in_o family_n and_o tribe_n the_o country_n abound_v in_o date_n the_o food_n here_o of_o man_n and_o beast_n lybia_n lybia_n lybia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n nilus_n on_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n numidia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o land_n of_o negro_n the_o country_n altogether_o sandy_a barren_a and_o a_o desert_n the_o inhabitant_n altogether_o heathenish_a and_o therefore_o not_o worthy_a the_o conversation_n of_o a_o civil_a merchant_n or_o the_o residence_n of_o any_o commerce_n chap._n xxv_o of_o negrita_n or_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o negrita_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o land_n of_o blackmoor_n have_v on_o the_o east_n aethiopia_n superior_n on_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n lybia_n on_o the_o south_n manicongo_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o ground_n be_v account_v twenty_o five_o kingdom_n or_o province_n through_o which_o run_v the_o famous_a river_n of_o niger_n or_o sanega_n in_o who_o overflow_n consist_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n even_o as_o in_o egypt_n it_o do_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o nilus_n for_o this_o as_o that_o increase_v for_o forty_o day_n and_o decrease_v for_o forty_o day_n more_o during_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n fail_v over_o the_o whole_a land_n in_o boat_n and_o barge_n tombutu_fw-la tombutu_fw-la this_o whole_a tract_n principal_o now_o acknowledge_v three_o sovereign_n which_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tombutu_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o borneo_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o goaga_n each_o kingdom_n give_v name_n to_o a_o city_n the_o principal_a residence_n of_o the_o king_n the_o city_n of_o tombutu_fw-la lie_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o sanega_n or_o niger_n wherein_o be_v find_v a_o trade_n drive_v by_o many_o french_a dutch_a and_o english_a merchant_n the_o manner_n thereof_o and_o the_o matter_n wherewith_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v particularize_v goago_n goago_n four_o hundred_o mile_n from_o tombutu_fw-la be_v the_o city_n of_o goaga_n wherein_o be_v find_v eminent_a merchant_n and_o precious_a and_o sumptuous_a merchandise_n of_o all_o sort_n borneo_n borneo_n borneo_n be_v the_o three_o the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v better_o verse_v in_o breed_v of_o cattle_n than_o in_o the_o art_n of_o commerce_n and_o better_o read_v in_o mars_n than_o mercury_n thereof_o commodity_n thereof_o the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n be_v corn_n sugar_n cattle_n horse_n rice_n fruit_n gold_n in_o sand_n which_o they_o term_v siga_n and_o we_o tibur_n and_o also_o in_o ingot_n without_o sovereign_a stamp_n or_o character_n and_o be_v distinguish_v by_o its_o fineness_n and_o goodness_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o way_n of_o exchange_n do_v barter_n with_o their_o neighbour_n and_o other_o foreign_a nation_n against_o clothes_n linen_n callico_n basin_n of_o copper_n ironwork_n sword-blade_n hand-gun_n glass_n bead_n and_o such_o like_a and_o principal_o against_o salt_n which_o of_o all_o other_o commodity_n this_o country_n be_v most_o defective_a in_o and_o in_o some_o place_n afford_v not_o and_o therefore_o pay_v for_o it_o at_o a_o excessive_a dear_a price_n to_o stranger_n coast_n the_o trade_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n and_o the_o golden_a coast_n the_o trade_n of_o all_o this_o tract_n such_o as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o these_o day_n know_v to_o our_o nation_n be_v comprise_v alongst_o the_o sea-coast_n which_o the_o portugal_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o former_a plantation_n here_o and_o rich_a commerce_n have_v entitle_v the_o golden_a coast_n and_o we_o in_o common_a appellation_n term_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o genin_n and_o benin_n two_o of_o the_o principal_a province_n maritime_a that_o be_v find_v include_v within_o the_o circuit_n of_o these_o three_o beforementioned_a kingdom_n which_o trade_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o little_a better_o understand_v i_o shall_v more_o particular_o survey_v according_a to_o some_o observation_n make_v by_o some_o hand_n thereon_o benin_n the_o portugal_n the_o first_o trader_n into_o guiney_n and_o benin_n in_o the_o beginning_n and_o discovery_n of_o this_o maritime_a coast_n for_o thereto_o i_o intend_v to_o apply_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n the_o portugal_n be_v the_o first_o that_o range_v this_o shore_n and_o have_v some_o small_a knowledge_n of_o their_o commodity_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n with_o they_o who_o partly_o by_o fair_a mean_n and_o partly_o by_o constraint_n get_v foot_v in_o this_o sea-coast_n build_v fort_n in_o some_o and_o place_v garrison_n and_o factory_n in_o other_o which_o then_o be_v find_v so_o golden_a and_o beneficial_a to_o that_o country_n that_o it_o be_v conceive_v this_o only_a thing_n as_o what_o will_v not_o gold_n attract_v draw_v they_o to_o search_v further_o the_o maritime_a coast_n of_o this_o tract_n all_o along_o to_o cape_n bona_fw-la esperansa_n and_o so_o consequent_o thereby_o unto_o the_o east-indies_n fair_o quarter_n and_o courteous_a usage_n be_v then_o perceive_v in_o these_o fort_n and_o town_n thus_o subject_v to_o the_o portugal_n draw_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o countryman_n to_o a_o fair_a and_o ordinary_a commutation_n and_o exchange_v of_o commodity_n with_o they_o which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v maintain_v by_o factor_n appoint_v for_o the_o king_n be_v particular_a account_n in_o every_o port_n and_o town_n as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o make_v the_o profit_n of_o merchandize_v to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o his_o conquest_n and_o garrison_n furnish_v they_o with_o salt_n iron_n tin_n copper_n basin_n knife_n cloth_n linen_n and_o other_o european_a commodity_n receive_v in_o exchange_n partly_o the_o commodity_n proper_a for_o their_o nourishment_n such_o as_o be_v cattle_n corn_n rice_n and_o the_o like_a and_o principal_o commodity_n beneficial_a as_o gold_n itself_o in_o great_a abundance_n both_o in_o sand_n and_o ingot_n melt_v which_o give_v a_o quicken_a and_o life_n to_o the_o further_a discovery_n of_o those_o country_n and_o continuance_n of_o the_o trade_n which_o be_v find_v there_o maintain_v to_o this_o day_n though_o in_o a_o far_o lesser_a manner_n other_o who_o show_v the_o way_n to_o english_a and_o other_o the_o english_a and_o other_o nation_n afterward_o desirous_a to_o share_v in_o this_o rich_a trade_n fail_v within_o a_o short_a time_n likewise_o hither_o and_o because_o they_o have_v not_o such_o place_n and_o fort_n for_o their_o beware_a house_n and_o the_o protection_n of_o their_o person_n and_o good_n therefore_o will_v not_o or_o else_o may_v not_o with_o safety_n land_n their_o commodity_n without_o danger_n of_o the_o falsehood_n of_o the_o portugal_n or_o treachery_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n therefore_o at_o first_o fail_v hither_o be_v compel_v to_o anchor_n alongst_o the_o coast_n near_o to_o the_o best_a town_n and_o of_o great_a concourse_n and_o signify_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o commodity_n they_o have_v bring_v to_o utter_v draw_v at_o length_n by_o their_o fair_a demeanour_n and_o courteous_a usage_n the_o moor_n to_o come_v aboard_o their_o ship_n and_o bring_v their_o gold_n with_o they_o the_o manner_n of_o which_o trade_n as_o be_v different_a from_o any_o other_o country_n i_o shall_v brief_o set_v down_o benin_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o usual_a trade_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n in_o the_o morning_n betimes_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n than_o the_o wind_n off_o the_o shore_n and_o calm_a weather_n the_o moor_n come_v aboard_o in_o their_o canoe_n and_o scut_n to_o traffic_n some_o for_o themselves_o and_o some_o which_o they_o call_v tolkens_n or_o factor_n for_o other_o who_o carry_v at_o their_o girdle_n a_o purse_n wherein_o small_a clout_n or_o paper_n contain_v sometime_o 10_o several_a man_n gold_n be_v wrap_v and_o lay_v up_o which_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o weight_n and_o goodness_n they_o notwithstanding_o ready_o distinguish_v and_o have_v make_v their_o barter_v for_o cloth_n linen_n or_o the_o like_a at_o noon_n return_v with_o the_o sea-turn_a or_o as_o they_o call_v it_o the_o brise_n again_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o beside_o their_o bargain_n covenant_v these_o factor_n have_v some_o small_a thing_n for_o themselves_o as_o the_o reward_n of_o their_o pain_n by_o way_n of_o brokage_n or_o factorage_n which_o they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o dachio_n benin_n the_o undermine_a trick_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o netherlander_n frequent_v this_o coast_n and_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o english_a traffic_n and_o come_v into_o the_o same_o part_n where_o the_o english_a trade_v and_o be_v know_v be_v the_o first_o that_o spoil_v this_o golden_a trade_n partly_o by_o their_o sinister_a deal_n and_o partly_o by_o their_o undermine_a and_o
elephant_n tooth_n which_o yield_v not_o any_o commodity_n else_o save_o elephant_n tooth_n to_o procure_v which_o it_o be_v suppose_v 5000_o be_v yearly_o slay_v in_o these_o kingdom_n caffaria_n caffaria_n capharia_n have_v nothing_o famous_a in_o it_o spei_fw-la cape_n bona_fw-la spei_fw-la save_o that_o famous_a and_o note_a head-land_n cape_n bona_fw-la speranza_fw-es discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n in_o anno_fw-la 1497._o manicongo_fw-la manicongo_fw-la manicongo_n be_v discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n 1486_o and_o by_o they_o then_o convert_v to_o the_o popish_a religion_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n soon_o forsake_v as_o peradventure_o see_v that_o that_o religion_n be_v make_v the_o cloak_n of_o their_o conquest_n yield_v yearly_o 30000_o slave_n in_o sale_n to_o the_o portugal_n which_o they_o carry_v to_o brasile_a to_o work_v in_o their_o silver_n mine_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o principal_a of_o these_o it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n more_o particular_o handle_v chap._n xxviii_o of_o mosambique_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o mosambique_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o sea-coast_n afford_v the_o prime_a place_n of_o traffic_n know_v to_o our_o countryman_n in_o this_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n beforementioned_a and_o especial_o from_o cape-bona-esperanze_a to_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o red-sea_n which_o now_o come_v to_o be_v handle_v it_o will_v not_o be_v fit_v i_o shall_v whole_o omit_v the_o trade_n thereof_o before_o i_o have_v better_o survey_v the_o same_o together_o with_o those_o town_n of_o traffic_n as_o be_v find_v to_o be_v there_o most_o eminent_a and_o therewith_o relate_v the_o manner_n how_o and_o the_o matter_n whereof_o this_o trade_n be_v here_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v i_o will_v then_o include_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o whole_a coast_n under_o the_o title_n of_o mosambique_n as_o be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o negotiation_n find_v alongst_o this_o shore_n have_v soffola_n on_o the_o one_o side_n thereof_o and_o quiloa_v on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o which_o be_v fortify_v by_o the_o portugal_n the_o first_o christian_n discoverer_n thereof_o give_v yet_o that_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n to_o the_o country_n inhabitant_n and_o other_o to_o exercise_v the_o same_o that_o will_v and_o consider_v their_o manner_n of_o traffic_n it_o be_v see_v plentiful_o store_v both_o with_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n itself_o and_o of_o the_o inland_n country_n there_o be_v here_o find_v the_o town_n of_o cuama_n scena_fw-la macava_n brava_fw-it melinda_n and_o other_o along_o this_o shore_n seat_v some_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o abex_n and_o some_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o melinda_n but_o quiloa_o for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o passage_n into_o the_o main_a continent_n have_v but_o a_o short_a cut_n into_o the_o lake_n of_o zaflan_n in_o which_o there_o arise_v a_o great_a river_n that_o run_v into_o nilus_n and_o so_o to_o cairo_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o be_v account_v the_o principal_a city_n for_o eminency_n and_o concourse_n of_o people_n though_o for_o traffic_n this_o and_o the_o rest_n give_v place_n if_o the_o spanish_a relation_n be_v true_a to_o mosambique_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o first_o fortress_n that_o be_v build_v by_o the_o portugal_n on_o this_o coast_n and_o sea_n mosambique_n then_o be_v not_o only_o the_o name_n of_o a_o island_n but_o also_o of_o a_o kingdom_n seat_v between_o monomotapa_n and_o quiloa_n the_o island_n be_v sound_a to_o have_v a_o pretty_a town_n seat_v upon_o it_o and_o together_o with_o the_o island_n of_o saint_n george_n and_o saint_n jacob_n make_v a_o large_a fair_a and_o secure_a haven_n for_o ship_n of_o the_o great_a burden_n fit_a to_o receive_v and_o harbour_v all_o vessel_n that_o come_v and_o go_v both_z to_z and_o from_o india_n to_o christendom_n and_o although_o this_o island_n nor_o kingdom_n be_v not_o very_o great_a yet_o they_o be_v very_o rich_a and_o most_o abound_a of_o all_o the_o country_n of_o this_o coast_n of_o mosambique_n the_o island_n whereon_o the_o town_n be_v situate_v be_v inhabit_v now_o by_o two_o manner_n of_o people_n christian_n and_o mahometan_n the_o christian_n account_v themselves_o portugal_n or_o of_o the_o portugal_n race_n who_o be_v the_o keeper_n of_o a_o strong_a castle_n seat_v therein_o from_o whence_o also_o all_o other_o their_o castle_n and_o fort_n seat_v in_o this_o tract_n be_v supply_v with_o their_o necessary_n soffola_n soffola_n especial_o soffola_n where_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n of_o all_o this_o coast_n lie_v and_o there_o the_o portugal_n ship_n do_v use_v to_o harbour_v in_o wintertime_n when_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o sail_v either_o backward_a or_o forward_o otherwise_o to_o accomplish_v their_o desire_a voyage_n and_o there_o likewise_o the_o indian_a ship_n be_v accustom_v to_o take_v in_o victual_n and_o fresh_a water_n and_o by_o the_o only_a discovery_n of_o this_o place_n the_o portugal_n first_o find_v out_o the_o way_n to_o india_n for_o here_o they_o meet_v with_o pilot_n that_o be_v able_a to_o instruct_v they_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o navigation_n of_o these_o sea_n and_o be_v expert_a in_o the_o maritime_a coast_n thereof_o they_o have_v no_o sweet_a water_n in_o the_o town_n nor_o in_o the_o castle_n though_o it_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v the_o strong_a in_o india_n but_o have_v many_o cistern_n round_o about_o it_o wherein_o a_o year_n provision_n of_o water_n be_v ever_o find_v which_o they_o fetch_v from_o the_o continent_n from_o a_o place_n call_v cabasar_n merchant_n the_o captain_n of_o mosambique_n the_o great_a merchant_n the_o captain_n of_o this_o castle_n be_v still_o sound_a to_o be_v the_o great_a merchant_n here_o for_o he_o keep_v a_o factor_n in_o soffola_n and_o another_o in_o quilola_n and_o yearly_o send_v bark_n for_o trade_n alongst_o the_o coast_n who_o common_o for_o some_o good_a service_n perform_v have_v this_o place_n and_o command_v assign_v he_o for_o three_o year_n which_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v worth_a 400_o thousand_o ducat_n and_o afterward_o he_o be_v to_o go_v into_o india_n and_o upon_o his_o own_o charge_n to_o serve_v there_o at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o viceroy_n for_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n other_o three_o year_n and_o then_o may_v depart_v for_o spain_n if_o he_o please_v beside_o who_o none_o may_v hence_o trade_v for_o india_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n portugal_n and_o who_o be_v also_o enjoin_v to_o be_v marry_v man_n for_o such_o as_o be_v unmarried_a may_v not_o stay_v here_o by_o special_a privilege_n from_o the_o king_n grant_v to_o those_o that_o inhabit_v here_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o island_n shall_v be_v people_v and_o thereby_o keep_v safeguard_v and_o maintain_v and_o for_o this_o immunity_n they_o be_v only_o bind_v in_o time_n of_o need_n to_o defend_v the_o castle_n and_o be_v account_v as_o the_o garrison_n thereof_o though_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o governor_n and_o his_o family_n only_o lie_v therein_o and_o the_o townsman_n by_o turn_n have_v the_o ward_n and_o watch_v thereof_o commit_v to_o their_o charge_n and_o trust_v india_n navigation_n of_o india_n their_o navigation_n be_v hence_o into_o india_n but_o once_o a_o year_n which_o be_v in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n and_o continue_v till_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n because_o that_o throughout_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o india_n they_o must_v sail_v with_o monsons_n which_o be_v certain_a current_n constant_a wind_n which_o have_v a_o settle_a course_n of_o blow_v throughout_o the_o year_n whereby_o they_o make_v their_o account_n to_o go_v and_o come_v from_o the_o one_o place_n to_o the_o other_o and_o in_o thirty_o day_n they_o may_v sail_v from_o mosambique_n to_o india_n and_o they_o be_v then_o force_v to_o stay_v in_o india_n till_o the_o month_n of_o august_n when_o as_o then_o the_o wind_n or_o monson_n come_v again_o to_o serve_v they_o for_o mosambique_n and_o this_o coast_n in_o every_o which_o year_n the_o captain_n abovesaid_a have_v ever_o a_o ship_n for_o his_o own_o account_n go_v and_o come_v into_o india_n mosambique_n commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o mosambique_n as_o for_o the_o commodity_n which_o this_o country_n and_o coast_n be_v find_v principal_o to_o afford_v to_o the_o merchant_n for_o transportation_n it_o be_v chief_o gold_n for_o near_a soffalla_n be_v a_o very_a rich_a mine_n and_o within_o the_o land_n the_o famous_a mine_n of_o angela_n the_o rich_a in_o the_o world_n be_v say_v to_o be_v seat_v beside_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o monomotapa_n where_o in_o a_o river_n run_v thereby_o be_v find_v sand_n of_o gold_n in_o great_a plenty_n which_o be_v account_v the_o fine_a and_o best_a and_o call_v by_o the_o portugal_n bolongorn_v oroâ—mpo_n merchant_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n great_a merchant_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n have_v ever_o a_o
to_o damascus_n baruti_fw-la and_o aleppo_n from_o which_o last_o place_n the_o venetian_n again_o transport_v these_o commodity_n to_o venice_n make_v that_o city_n thereby_o the_o common_a emporium_n of_o christendom_n and_o last_o in_o anno_fw-la 1300_o the_o soltans_n of_o egypt_n restore_v the_o passage_n by_o the_o red-sea_n and_o the_o venetian_n resettled_a their_o factor_n in_o alexandria_n which_o continue_v for_o two_o hundred_o year_n until_o the_o portugal_n spaniard_n english_a and_o last_o the_o dutch_a find_v a_o new_a way_n by_o the_o backside_n of_o africa_n to_o convey_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o home_n whereby_o the_o great_a trade_n which_o the_o egyptian_n and_o principal_o the_o venetian_n have_v to_o themselves_o for_o many_o year_n come_v thus_o to_o nothing_o and_o the_o traffic_n of_o alexandria_n and_o red-sea_n thereby_o be_v now_o decay_a and_o become_v altogether_o unfrequented_a as_o at_o this_o day_n we_o find_v it_o subsist_v only_o by_o the_o native_a commodity_n thereof_o in_o which_o nature_n it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v now_o survey_v the_o same_o chap._n xxx_o of_o alexandria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o alexandria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o alexandria_n be_v say_v to_o be_v build_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o turk_n the_o lord_n thereof_o scanderia_n and_o which_o in_o the_o nicene_n council_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o patriarchal_a city_n it_o be_v yet_o the_o fair_a and_o best_a maritime_a port_n of_o this_o whole_a country_n and_o have_v yet_o some_o relic_n of_o that_o trade_n it_o erst_o enjoy_v as_o i_o have_v note_v before_o and_o because_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a of_o this_o region_n for_o merchandize_v i_o hold_v it_o proper_a to_o comprehend_v under_o this_o chapter_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n universal_o of_o egypt_n and_o the_o neighbour_a city_n egypt_n commodity_n of_o egypt_n the_o commodity_n of_o egypt_n beside_o what_o come_v hither_o out_o of_o arabia_n persia_n and_o india_n be_v rice_n corn_n flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n balsam_n date_n some_o drug_n and_o some_o few_o spice_n and_o in_o especial_a it_o yield_v abundance_n of_o palm-tree_n palmtree_n the_o excellency_n of_o the_o palmtree_n which_o be_v of_o very_o strange_a property_n for_o they_o be_v find_v to_o grow_v in_o couple_n male_a and_o female_a both_o thrust_v forth_o cod_n full_a of_o seed_n but_o the_o female_a be_v only_o fruitful_a and_o that_o not_o except_o grow_v by_o the_o male_a and_o have_v his_o seed_n mix_v with_o she_o the_o pith_n of_o these_o tree_n be_v excellent_a meat_n of_o the_o branch_n they_o make_v necessary_a use_n in_o their_o house_n of_o the_o leaf_n baskets_z mat_n and_o fan_n of_o the_o outward_a husk_n of_o the_o cod_n cordage_n of_o the_o inward_a brush_n the_o fruit_n be_v like_o a_o fig_n serve_v the_o inhabitant_n sometime_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n as_o bread_n and_o green_a as_o meat_n and_o final_o it_o be_v say_v to_o yield_v whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o life_n of_o man._n alexandria_n wright_n of_o alexandria_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n in_o cairo_n alexandria_n and_o general_o throughout_o all_o egypt_n for_o trade_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o four_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v the_o weight_n call_v the_o quintar_n of_o zera_n the_o second_o the_o quintar_n forfor_o the_o three_o the_o quintar_n zaidin_n and_o the_o four_o the_o quintar_n mina_n which_o because_o of_o their_o former_a great_a trade_n with_o venice_n i_o will_v first_o compare_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o city_n and_o then_o apply_v the_o same_o to_o the_o weight_n of_o our_o own_o country_n zera_n 1_o zera_n one_o quintar_n of_o zera_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v of_o venetia_n gross_a 200_o l._n and_o subtle_a 312_o l._n and_o in_o london_n 212_o l._n averdupois_n forfori_n 2_o forfori_n one_o quintar_n of_o forfori_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o venice_n 140_o l._n subtle_a and_o gross_a 87_o l._n and_o in_o london_n 93_o l._n averdopois_n zaidin_n 3_o zaidin_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n have_v make_v by_o observation_n in_o venetia_n 127_o l._n gross_a and_o 200_o l._n subtle_a and_o in_o london_n 134_o l._n averdupois_n mina_n 4_o mina_n one_o quintar_n mina_n proper_a only_o to_o alexandria_n have_v make_v in_o venetia_n 250_o l._n subtle_a 155_o l._n gross_a and_o in_o london_n 167_o l._n averdupois_n whereas_o note_n that_o the_o first_o three_o quintar_n be_v account_v by_o rotolos_n but_o the_o quintar_n of_o mina_n contain_v in_o alexandria_n 20_o ounce_n to_o the_o mina_n and_o in_o cairo_n 16_o ounce_n to_o the_o mina_n and_o also_o observe_v that_o amber_n musk_n and_o some_o other_o fine_a commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o metalico_fw-la or_o dram_n and_o also_o by_o the_o peso_fw-mi whereof_o 1½_n be_v a_o metalico_fw-la 50_o metalicoe_n be_v here_o a_o mark_n in_o gold_n or_o silver_n weight_n and_o 42_o metalicoe_n our_o english_a mark_n weight_n of_o 8_o ounce_n troy_n again_o note_n that_o one_o rotolo_n zerai_n make_v venetia_n subtle_a 3_o l._n 1½_n ounce_n one_o rotolo_n forfori_n make_v venetia_n 1_o l._n 5_o ounce_n one_o rotolo_n zaidin_n make_v venetia_n subtle_a 2_o l_o gross_a 1_o l._n 3_o â—_o 4_o ounce_n one_o mina_n make_v in_o venetia_n subtle_a 2_o â—_o 4_o l._n and_o gross_a 1â…”_n l._n now_o let_v we_o observe_v how_o these_o weight_n be_v find_v to_o accord_v one_o with_o another_o and_o so_o with_o venetia_n one_o quintar_n zerai_n which_o be_v the_o general_a quintar_n of_o egypt_n make_v 2_o quintar_n and_o 16_o rotolos_n of_o forfori_n in_o alexandria_n again_o one_o quintar_n zerai_n make_v one_o quintar_n and_o 56_o rotolos_n of_o zaidin_n and_o make_v 120_o minas_n of_o alexandria_n one_o rotolo_n zera_n make_v 2_o rotolo_n 1_o ounce_n and_o 4â—_n 5â—_n forfori_n again_o one_o rotolo_n zeri_n make_v one_o rot._n 6_o 9_o 25_o ounce_n of_o zaidin_n one_o quintar_n forfori_n make_v 46_o rot._n 3½_n ounce_n zerai_fw-la and_o one_o quintar_n forfori_n make_v 20_o rot._n 11_o 23_o 27_o ounce_n zaidin_n one_o quintar_n forfori_n make_v 55½_n minas_n and_o one_o rotolo_n forfori_n make_v 111_o ounce_n zerai_n and_o 6½_n ounce_n zaidin_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n make_v 64_o rot._n 2_o ounce_n of_o zerai_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n make_v one_o quintar_n 28_o rot._n 5½_n ounce_n forfori_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n make_v 76_o minas_n 11_o ounce_n one_o rotolo_n zaidin_n make_v 7_o 7_o 10_o ounce_n zera_n and_o again_o one_o rot._n zaidin_n make_v one_o rot._n 4_o â…—_n ounce_n forfori_n and_o one_o rotolo_n zaidin_n make_v one_o and_o 3_o quarter_n ounce_n minas_n one_o quintar_n minas_n make_v one_o quintar_n 2_o rotolos_n forfori_n and_o one_o quintar_n minas_n make_v one_o quintar_n 30_o rotolos_n zaidin_n and_o one_o mina_n make_v ten_o ounce_n zera_n and_o again_o one_o mina_n make_v one_o rot._n 9_o ¼_n ounce_n forfori_n and_o last_o one_o mina_n make_v one_o rot._n three_o ounce_n zaidin_n the_o variety_n of_o these_o weight_n will_v excuse_v this_o tedious_a repetition_n which_o i_o be_v enforce_v to_o perform_v for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o same_o and_o for_o the_o shorten_n of_o my_o present_a survey_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o egypt_n averdupois_n weight_n of_o egypt_n and_o sundry_a city_n in_o barbary_n to_o the_o 100_o l._n averdupois_n i_o will_v here_o reduce_v not_o only_o the_o weight_n abovenamed_a but_o also_o the_o weight_n of_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n upon_o this_o coast_n to_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a averdupois_n of_o london_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v by_o zera_n quintar_n 48_o rot._n in_o cairo_n and_o all_o egypt_n forfoai_fw-fr quintar_n 108_o zaidin_n quintar_n 75_o minas_n quintar_n 54_o tripoli_n suria_fw-la 25_o ½_n rot._n whereof_o 100_o make_v a_o quintar_n achria_n 17_o rot._n the_o 100_o make_v a_o quintar_n tamperan_n aleppo_n common_a 21_o ¾_n rot._n the_o 100_o whereof_o be_v a_o quintar_n tripoli_n barbary_n 62_o rot._n the_o 100_o whereof_o be_v a_o quintar_n oran_n common_a with_o 91_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 5_o rove_n of_o 20_o rot._n oran_n for_o spice_n 133_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 4._o rove_v oran_n for_o corn_n 48_o rot._n each_o quintar_n 6_o rotolos_n oran_n for_o cotton_n 59_o rot._n each_o quintar_n 15_o rot._n una_fw-la in_o barbary_n 63_o rot._n for_o cotton_n wool_n una_fw-la 72_o rot._n for_o spice_n una_fw-la 90_o rot._n for_o corn._n fras_n 153_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 100_o â„ž_o baruti_fw-la 20¾_n rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 100_o rot._n argier_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr thunes_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr cathaia_n 84_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 100_o rot._n cyprus_n 19½_n rot._n famagosto_n 4_o per_fw-mi cent_n more_o suus_fw-la in_o barbary_n 90_o rot._n 100_o rot._n to_o a_o quintar_n when_o i_o
both_o in_o gross_a and_o retail_v and_o beside_o their_o subtlety_n in_o drive_v of_o bargain_n and_o make_v of_o contract_n between_o man_n and_o man_n as_o broker_n they_o be_v here_o find_v to_o be_v of_o all_o profession_n and_o be_v the_o professor_n of_o all_o arts._n the_o last_o which_o i_o reckon_v in_o this_o roll_n be_v the_o armenian_a grecian_a and_o coptie_a all_o christian_n who_o in_o their_o way_n set_v the_o wheel_n of_o trade_n on_o work_n by_o be_v some_o shopkeeper_n some_o artificer_n and_o some_o merchant_n principal_o trade_v by_o caravan_n to_o and_o from_o aleppo_n damascus_n amman_n and_o baruti_fw-la and_o in_o the_o commodity_n of_o those_o country_n of_o armenia_n georgia_n and_o persia_n they_o carry_v the_o principal_a swayand_n stroke_n all_o which_o consider_v what_o do_v the_o place_n want_v to_o make_v it_o absolute_a but_o only_o what_o it_o have_v lose_v which_o be_v the_o vast_a trade_n of_o india_n which_o of_o late_a year_n the_o portugal_n english_a and_o fleming_n have_v deprive_v they_o of_o which_o i_o leave_v they_o to_o sorrow_n for_o as_o for_o a_o thing_n past_o remedy_n egypt_n commodity_n of_o grand_a cairo_n and_o egypt_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n and_o place_n principal_o afford_v to_o these_o merchant_n whereby_o their_o commerce_n be_v now_o preserve_v to_o they_o be_v flax_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o pulse_n abound_v in_o the_o province_n of_o sahid_n where_o the_o pharaoh_n reside_v fruit_n rice_n balsam_n etc._n etc._n abound_v in_o eriffic_n where_o the_o ptolemy_n reside_v cotton_n sugar_n and_o some_o drug_n etc._n etc._n abound_v in_o marrema_n where_o the_o roman_n and_o grecian_n reside_v and_o all_o these_o annual_o foretell_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o rivor_n nilus_n discern_v by_o a_o pillar_n seat_v in_o the_o island_n michias_n opposite_a to_o the_o city_n of_o cairo_n begin_v ever_o to_o increase_v about_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n so_o continue_v 40_o day_n increase_v and_o 40_o day_n decrease_v as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o height_n of_o the_o increase_n give_v assure_v testimony_n of_o that_o year_n abundance_n and_o plenty_n at_o the_o end_n whereof_o a_o solemn_a day_n feast_n be_v keep_v to_o nilus_n in_o which_o it_o be_v oftentimes_o see_v the_o egyptian_a to_o spend_v as_o much_o in_o jollity_n as_o with_o great_a pain_n and_o industry_n he_o have_v gather_v the_o whole_a year_n before_o with_o penury_n egypt_n revenue_n of_o egypt_n out_o of_o this_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n be_v yearly_o draw_v for_o revenue_n of_o this_o kingdom_n three_o million_o of_o sheraffies_n in_o value_n 8_o shilling_n sterling_a apiece_o the_o one_o whereof_o be_v now_o adays_o send_v to_o the_o grand_a signior_n by_o land_n and_o caravan_n for_o fear_n of_o surprisal_n at_o sea_n by_o the_o florentine_a or_o malta_n galley_n the_o second_o million_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o pay_n of_o the_o militia_n and_o soldiery_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o three_o rebound_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o bassa_n here_o resident_a for_o the_o grand_a signior_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o own_o court_n and_o dependent_n their_o principal_a part_n for_o traffic_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v alexandria_n as_o before_o i_o note_v account_v a_o free_a port_n for_o friend_n or_o enemy_n the_o harbour_n cammand_v by_o a_o castle_n and_o the_o entrance_n guide_v by_o a_o eminent_a watch_n tower_n to_o give_v light_n to_o sailor_n the_o custom_n of_o which_o place_n be_v farm_a by_o jew_n at_o 20_o thousand_o medin_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la 30_o medin_n account_v for_o a_o ryal_n of_o eight_o spanish_a which_o here_o may_v be_v value_v 5_o shilling_n sterling_a the_o which_o by_o the_o year_n may_v amount_v to_o 55_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_n alexandria_n custom_n of_o alexandria_n all_o good_n enter_v here_o pay_v the_o custom_n in_o species_n or_o compound_v for_o at_o 10_o in_o the_o hundred_o only_a money_n enter_v pay_v but_o one_o and_o half_a per_fw-la cent_n but_o outward_a all_o commodity_n pay_v 11_o per_fw-la cent_n but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v account_v the_o sultan_n custom_n and_o call_v the_o great_a custom_n the_o other_o custom_n raise_v here_o be_v as_o much_o or_o very_o near_o as_o much_o more_o as_o he_o shall_v find_v to_o his_o cost_n that_o trade_v into_o these_o part_n whereto_o for_o better_a trial_n i_o will_v refer_v he_o cairo_n merchant_n of_o cairo_n now_o for_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o cairo_n the_o merchant_n thereof_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n in_o some_o sort_n to_o have_v the_o relic_n of_o that_o former_a great_a trade_n which_o they_o lose_v out_o of_o the_o red-sea_n for_o hence_o they_o send_v by_o caravan_n sundry_a european_a commodity_n thither_o especial_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o yearly_a caravan_n depart_v hence_o for_o mecca_n and_o medina_n talnabi_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o their_o false_a prophet_n mahomet_n which_o arrive_v at_o sue_v in_o the_o red-sea_n be_v there_o find_v to_o have_v a_o general_a dispersion_n some_o go_n for_o the_o city_n of_o assuan_n which_o be_v commodious_o seat_v upon_o their_o river_n nile_n and_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nubia_n which_o hence_o sit_v itself_o with_o the_o commodity_n both_o of_o asia_n and_o europe_n and_o be_v equal_o distant_a between_o cairo_n and_o the_o city_n of_o suachen_n or_o suasuem_n once_o the_o principal_a port_n of_o this_o kingdom_n situate_v on_o the_o red-sea_n but_o now_o in_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o great_a emperor_n of_o the_o abassins_n from_o which_o be_v commodious_a navigation_n to_o brava_n melinda_n quiloa_n and_o other_o place_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o abex_n and_o mosambique_n as_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o and_o because_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o trade_n on_o africa_n side_n in_o the_o rea-sea_n i_o hold_v it_o here_o worthy_a a_o better_a and_o more_o serious_a survey_n chap._n xxxii_o suachen_fw-ge on_o the_o red-sea_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o trade_n suachen_fw-ge on_o the_o red-sea_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o suachen_n famous_a for_o four_o excellency_n needful_a in_o trade_n suachen_n be_v one_o of_o the_o rich_a city_n of_o the_o orient_a situate_v within_o the_o arabic_a gulf_n in_o the_o coast_n of_o aethiopia_n sub_fw-la aegypto_n and_o among_o all_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o orient_a this_o be_v account_v equal_a if_o not_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o four_o thing_n the_o first_o in_o the_o goodness_n and_o security_n of_o the_o haven_n the_o second_o in_o the_o facility_n and_o good_a service_n for_o lade_n and_o unlade_v of_o ship_n the_o three_o in_o the_o traffic_n with_o very_o strange_a and_o remote_a people_n and_o country_n and_o of_o divers_a behaviour_n the_o four_o in_o the_o strength_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o city_n as_o for_o the_o goodness_n and_o security_n of_o the_o port_n nature_n have_v so_o make_v it_o that_o it_o be_v defend_v from_o all_o storm_n whatsoever_o the_o haven_n be_v capacious_a and_o large_a of_o smooth_a tide_n the_o ground_n good_a and_o able_a in_o circuit_n to_o hold_v 300_o great_a sail_n of_o burden_n with_o water_n at_o all_o time_n from_o six_o to_o twelve_o fathom_n the_o ship_n be_v lade_v round_o about_o the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o city_n cast_v only_o a_o plank_n into_o the_o merchant_n warehouse_n where_o their_o ware_n be_v keep_v and_o the_o galley_n fasten_v themselves_o to_o the_o stone_n and_o door_n of_o their_o house_n set_v their_o prow_n over_o the_o street_n and_o by_o they_o as_o by_o bridge_n they_o be_v commodious_o lade_v or_o unlade_v and_o second_o as_o touch_v the_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n thereof_o few_o city_n can_v in_o these_o part_n be_v compare_v with_o it_o for_o this_o city_n be_v find_v to_o have_v traffic_n with_o all_o india_n intra_fw-la and_o extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la that_o be_v cambaia_n tanacerim_n pegu_n mallacca_n and_o with_o the_o arabic_a with_o judea_n cairo_n and_o alexandria_n as_o i_o say_v above_o and_o with_o all_o aethiopia_n and_o the_o land_n of_o abexi_n from_o whence_o it_o gather_v great_a abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o ivory_n three_o for_o the_o situation_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v such_o as_o if_o nature_n have_v frame_v it_o purposely_o for_o a_o royal_a mart_n for_o it_o be_v a_o island_n round_o in_o form_n encompass_v with_o many_o shold_n and_o flat_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o port_n and_o city_n occupy_v and_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o island_n so_o that_o it_o may_v as_o proper_o be_v term_v a_o island_n of_o a_o city_n as_o a_o city_n in_o a_o island_n for_o there_o be_v no_o one_o foot_n of_o waste_a ground_n upon_o the_o whole_a island_n but_o be_v employ_v in_o house_n and_o magazine_n the_o manner_n of_o trade_n here_o as_o far_o as_o i_o
have_v gather_v be_v thus_o it_o be_v now_o the_o principal_a port-town_n in_o these_o sea_n belong_v to_o prester_n jean_n from_o who_o court_n call_v dombia_n it_o be_v twenty_o five_o day_n journey_n by_o caravan_n and_o the_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n be_v here_o so_o great_a that_o twenty_o caravan_n be_v yearly_o find_v to_o set_v out_o hence_o towards_o several_a part_n of_o the_o neighbour_a region_n suachen_n commodity_n of_o suachen_n the_o commodity_n they_o carry_v be_v all_o kind_n of_o indian_a clothing_n and_o also_o of_o our_o english_a commodity_n as_o broad_a clothes_n kersey_n lead_v and_o tin_n likewise_o velvet_n damask_n satin_n taffetteas_n and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o silk_n stuff_v their_o colour_n more_o desire_v be_v red_n green_n violet_n murry_v and_o other_o light_a colour_n suachen_n measure_n of_o suachen_n their_o measure_n be_v call_v a_o about_o half_a a_o yard_n and_o cloth_n that_o be_v worth_a in_o suachen_n 4_o rial_n of_o 1_o â—_o be_v there_o worth_a 8_o ryal_n and_o the_o price_n of_o kersey_n be_v half_a the_o price_n of_o broadcloth_n velvet_n of_o china_n be_v here_o worth_a 10_o â„ž_o 8_o â—_o the_o say_a measure_n and_o italian_a velvet_n be_v mach_v more_o worth_a but_o not_o so_o profitable_a to_o the_o merchant_n as_o be_v much_o deaâ—er_n satin_n of_o florence_n be_v worth_a 10_o 8_o â—_o damask_n of_o the_o best_a fort_n worth_a from_o 8_o to_o 10_o â„ž_o 8_o â—_o taffetta_n 3_o â„ž_o 8_o â—_o and_o all_o colour_n well_o sell_v except_v yellow_a and_o black_a which_o be_v out_o of_o use_n in_o these_o country_n suachen_n weight_n of_o suachen_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o rotolo_n which_o be_v about_o 16½_n ounce_n averdupois_n the_o rotolo_n be_v four_o waky_n and_o 360_o rotolos_n make_v here_o a_o weight_n call_v a_o bahar_n the_o commodity_n here_o abound_v be_v these_o civet_n in_o great_a quantity_n and_o worth_a a_o â„ž_o 8_o â—_o a_o waiâ—a_o elephant_n tooth_n also_o plenty_n worth_a thirty_o â„ž_o â—_o the_o bahar_n wax_v worth_a 1_o â„ž_o â—_o the_o 100_o rotolo_n gold_n worth_a 60_o â„ž_o 8_o â—_o the_o rotolo_n tin_n worth_a 1_o â„ž_o â—_o the_o rotolo_n and_o lead_v much_o more_o but_o the_o turk_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o to_o be_v bring_v hither_o through_o his_o dominion_n for_o they_o hold_v it_o a_o contrabanda_fw-mi commodity_n from_o grand_a cairo_n there_o go_v always_o in_o august_n a_o great_a caravan_n for_o these_o part_n and_o likewise_o another_o in_o november_n and_o the_o commodity_n they_o earry_v thence_o be_v broad_a clothes_n kersey_n velvet_n satin_n damask_n and_o silk_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o from_o cairo_n to_o dombia_n this_o way_n be_v fifty_o day_n travel_v by_o caravan_n and_o no_o more_o which_o hence_o be_v easy_o perform_v now_o forasmuch_o as_o i_o find_v not_o on_o the_o arabian_a side_n of_o the_o red-sea_n any_o other_o town_n of_o eminence_n in_o trade_n beside_o this_o and_o that_o from_o cape_n guarda_fw-mi fue_z along_o the_o coast_n i_o find_v none_o other_o worthy_a my_o detention_n i_o will_v hence_o sail_v down_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o gulf_n and_o willing_o pass_v by_o in_o silence_n the_o famous_a port_n town_n of_o the_o place_n conceive_v where_o the_o israelite_n pass_v on_o dry_a foot_n over_o or_o rather_o throw_v this_o sea_n when_o they_o be_v pursue_v by_o their_o envious_a enemy_n the_o egyptian_n who_o therein_o find_v their_o death_n the_o reward_n of_o their_o hatred_n and_o peruse_v the_o same_o survey_v the_o now_o famous_a port_n of_o sue_v the_o present_a station_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n fleet_n that_o aw_v this_o sea_n and_o the_o neighbour_a region_n thereof_o chap._n xxxiii_o of_o sue_v and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o red-sea_n sue_v in_o the_o red-sea_n sue_v be_v now_o the_o relic_n of_o that_o ancient_a heros_n to_o which_o place_n cleopatra_n carry_v her_o galley_n by_o land_n after_o the_o defeat_n of_o mark_n anthony_n her_o belove_a account_v fifteen_o league_n from_o the_o near_a branch_n of_o nilus_n run_v to_o cairo_n it_o be_v strengthen_v by_o a_o strong_a late_a fortification_n raise_v by_o the_o turk_n not_o only_o for_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n but_o in_o defence_n of_o those_o his_o galley_n here_o keep_v to_o command_v these_o sea_n and_o his_o maritime_a coast_n on_o both_o side_n the_o gulf_n and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o several_a egyptian_a soltans_n intend_v to_o dig_v a_o channel_n and_o thereby_o join_v the_o commodity_n of_o this_o sea_n to_o the_o mediterranean_a but_o all_o of_o they_o desist_v ere_o the_o work_n be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n the_o relic_n whereof_o in_o many_o place_n remain_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v the_o divine_a pro_n â—idence_n have_v give_v bound_n to_o sea_n which_o the_o wit_n and_o power_n of_o man_n though_o prince_n can_v transpose_v or_o alter_v this_o place_n will_v long_o since_o have_v give_v way_n to_o the_o envy_n of_o time_n by_o decay_n and_o ruin_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o that_o relic_n of_o trade_n which_o be_v here_o preserve_v by_o a_o few_o inhabit_v merchant_n and_o the_o station_n for_o the_o great_a turk_n galley_n which_o he_o be_v enforce_v to_o build_v on_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n for_o want_v here_o of_o wood_n and_o fit_a material_n and_o thence_o convey_v the_o same_o hither_o by_o camel_n and_o dromedary_n in_o several_a piece_n where_o afterward_o they_o be_v set_v up_o and_o according_o employ_v sometime_o master_v the_o portugal_n and_o other_o king_n his_o neighbour_n and_o sometime_o again_o be_v by_o they_o master_v according_a to_o the_o fortune_n of_o war_n other_o subject_a of_o trade_n i_o find_v not_o here_o material_a therefore_o in_o silence_n pass_v it_o over_o and_o have_v thus_o then_o brief_o run_v through_o the_o principal_a place_n of_o trade_n comprise_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o egypt_n and_o note_v the_o concordancy_n of_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n use_v common_o throughout_o this_o whole_a country_n both_o with_o venice_n the_o former_a great_a trader_n hither_o and_o with_o we_o in_o england_n before_o i_o come_v to_o the_o coin_n current_a of_o this_o country_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a i_o shall_v infert_fw-la a_o concordancy_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o place_n with_o some_o other_o neighbour_a country_n according_a as_o i_o have_v gather_v they_o out_o of_o the_o work_n of_o alexander_n de_fw-fr pasi_fw-la a_o venetian_a merchant_n which_o here_o for_o many_o year_n reside_v chap._n xxxiv_o egypt_n weight_n compare_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o sundry_a other_o country_n egypt_n egypt_n weight_n compare_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o sundry_a other_o country_n the_o several_a commodity_n weigh_v by_o the_o several_a weight_n in_o egypt_n i_o have_v note_v before_o how_o that_o in_o egypt_n be_v use_v four_o several_a weight_n proper_a to_o several_a sort_n of_o commodity_n the_o cantar_n forfori_n be_v use_v in_o several_a sort_n of_o spice_n come_v from_o cairo_n the_o cantar_n zero_fw-la be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o common_a in_o use_n for_o all_o such_o commodity_n as_o be_v sell_v here_o by_o christian_a merchant_n the_o cantar_n laidin_n be_v only_o use_v in_o flax_n hemp_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o last_o in_o the_o cantar_n mina_n most_o use_v in_o damietta_n for_o clove_n mace_n cinnamon_n musk_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o spice_n the_o observation_n make_v thereon_o with_o some_o other_o eminent_a city_n be_v these_o suria_n egypt_n weight_v compare_v with_o tripoli_n in_o suria_n a_o cantar_n of_o tripoli_n in_o suria_n be_v thus_o find_v to_o accord_v with_o egypt_n a_o cantar_n forfori_n be_v in_o tripoli_n 1_o cantar_n 24_o rotolos_n a_o cantar_n laidin_n be_v in_o tripoli_n 33â…”_n rotolos_n a_o cantar_n zeroi_n be_v in_o tripoli_n 52½_n rotolos_n a_o cantar_n mena_n be_v in_o tripoli_n 42_o rotolos_n and_o note_v that_o from_o egypt_n be_v send_v to_o tripoli_n in_o suria_n some_o spice_n sugar_n rice_n cassia_n salt_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o tripoli_n be_v send_v to_o egypt_n white_a soap_n date_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n cyprus_n egypt_n weight_v compare_v with_o cyprus_n the_o weight_n of_o cyprus_n be_v thus_o observe_v with_o egypt_n the_o cantar_n of_o cyprus_n make_v in_o egypt_n 5_o cantar_n 20_o rotol_n forfor_o 2_o cantar_n 30_o rotol_n zoroi_n and_o the_o cantar_n forfori_n be_v in_o cyprus_n 19_o rotolo_n 2_o 4_o a_o cantar_n laidin_n be_v in_o cyprus_n 26_o ½_n rotolos_n a_o cantar_n zeroi_n be_v in_o cyprus_n 42_o ½_n rotolos_n a_o hundred_o mino_n be_v in_o cyprus_n 33_o â…“_n rotolos_n and_o note_v that_o from_o egypt_n be_v bring_v to_o cyprus_n some_o spice_n cassia_n rice_n flax_n salt_n fish_n and_o some_o other_o good_n and_o from_o cyprus_n be_v bring_v to_o egypt_n honey_n melasso_n sugar_n cotton_n chamblet_n grogram_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n rhodes_n egypt_n weight_v
have_v not_o fall_v out_o within_o my_o read_n in_o this_o circuit_n therefore_o hence_o i_o will_v travel_v to_o the_o next_o province_n chap._n lviii_o of_o syrophoenicia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o syrophoenicia_n syrophoenicia_n syrophoenicia_n have_v be_v better_o beautify_v with_o city_n than_o now_o it_o be_v the_o war_n of_o prince_n and_o time_n have_v give_v a_o period_n to_o many_o of_o which_o antioch_n be_v famous_a both_o for_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o syria_n and_o the_o place_n where_o the_o disciple_n of_o our_o saviour_n be_v first_o call_v christian_n now_o nothing_o but_o the_o ruin_n to_o be_v see_v upon_o those_o large_a plain_n which_o do_v lead_v from_o alexandretta_n to_o aleppo_n it_o comprehend_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o baruti_fw-la which_o deserve_v a_o regard_n for_o the_o present_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n lix_n gf_n baruti_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o baruti_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o baruti_fw-la formerly_z call_v julia_n felix_n be_v a_o famous_a mart_n town_n yet_o much_o inferior_a in_o trade_n to_o what_o it_o have_v former_o be_v near_o this_o town_n be_v that_o note_a valley_n where_o it_o be_v say_v saint_n george_n by_o kill_v of_o a_o dragon_n deliver_v the_o king_n daughter_n in_o memorial_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o castle_n and_o oratory_n here_o build_v and_o consecrate_v to_o he_o and_o who_o name_n it_o bear_v who_o ruin_n do_v yet_o appear_v if_o the_o inhabitant_n may_v be_v believe_v it_o be_v now_o the_o common_a passage_n for_o all_o those_o caravan_n that_o travel_v from_o aleppo_n damascus_n and_o jerusalem_n to_o cairo_n and_o mecca_n and_o thereby_o make_v a_o place_n of_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n baruti_fw-la coin_n current_a in_o baruti_fw-la it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o therefore_o his_o coin_n in_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v the_o current_a coin_n thereof_o partake_v of_o those_o that_o be_v current_a in_o the_o neighbour_a country_n as_o all_o border_a town_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o english_a have_v no_o scale_n or_o residence_n here_o but_o the_o venetian_n who_o pry_v with_o more_o industry_n into_o these_o part_n find_v here_o a_o profitable_a traffic_n therefore_o in_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o we_o must_v sail_v by_o their_o observation_n baruti_fw-la weight_n of_o baruti_fw-la the_o cantar_n contain_v 100_o rotolos_n of_o baruti_fw-la make_v sotile_a venetia_n weight_n 750_o l._n and_o of_o gross_a 475_o l._n and_o of_o english_a 502_o l._n the_o rotolo_n make_v venetia_n sutle_a 7_o ½_n l._n gross_a 4_o l._n 9_o ounce_n english_z 5_o l._n the_o cantar_n or_o 100_o rotolos_n of_o baruti_fw-la be_v in_o aleppo_n 96_o rotolos_n the_o common_a weight_n and_o 90½_n rotolos_n of_o silk_n weight_n baruti_fw-la measure_n of_o baruti_fw-la measure_n of_o baruti_fw-la be_v the_o pico_n 100_o whereof_o make_v in_o venetia_n 86_o brace_n and_o the_o 100_o brace_n of_o venetia_n of_o woollen_a cloth_n make_v in_o baruti_fw-la 112_o or_o 113_o picos_fw-la which_o be_v in_o england_n yard_n thereof_o amano_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o town_n of_o amano_n lie_v also_o in_o this_o syrophoenicia_n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o consluence_n of_o merchant_n of_o arabia_n persia_n and_o turkey_n but_o because_o i_o find_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o to_o accord_v with_o the_o same_o that_o be_v find_v in_o use_n in_o aleppo_n and_o their_o coin_n the_o common_a current_a coin_n of_o turkey_n i_o shall_v refer_v the_o reader_n to_o aleppo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n lx._n of_o coelosyria_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o coelosyria_n coelosyria_n celosyria_n do_v not_o now_o afford_v many_o city_n of_o note_n hierapolis_n be_v here_o famous_a for_o the_o temple_n and_o worship_n of_o the_o syrian_a goddess_n but_o now_o damascus_n be_v tho_o principal_a scale_n and_o city_n of_o this_o province_n which_o require_v for_o the_o trade_n thereof_o a_o long_a discourse_n than_o my_o information_n can_v guide_v i_o however_o what_o i_o have_v gather_v i_o shall_v here_o willing_o insert_v chap._n lxi_o of_o damascus_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o damascus_n and_o trade_n thereof_o damascus_n be_v so_o pleasant_o seat_v that_o the_o impostor_n mahomet_n will_v never_o enter_v into_o it_o lest_o forget_v by_o the_o ravish_a pleasure_n of_o the_o place_n the_o business_n as_o he_o say_v he_o be_v send_v for_o and_o make_v this_o his_o paradise_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o very_a fruitful_a soil_n bear_v grape_n all_o the_o year_n long_o and_o gird_v with_o curious_a and_o odoriferous_a garden_n be_v also_o famous_a first_o for_o her_o founder_n who_o be_v abraham_n servant_n second_o for_o the_o temple_n of_o zacharias_n and_o three_o for_o the_o conversion_n of_o paul_n who_o hear_v first_o preach_v and_o escape_v the_o trap_n of_o his_o enemy_n be_v let_v down_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o house_n by_o a_o basket_n and_o in_o matter_n of_o trade_n it_o still_o continue_v a_o place_n where_o all_o commodity_n of_o turkey_n arabia_n and_o india_n be_v bring_v into_o where_o caravan_n of_o the_o nation_n do_v pass_v through_o go_v from_o constantinople_n bagdet_n and_o aleppo_n to_o egypt_n mecha_n or_o india_n and_o so_o again_o back_o damascus_n coin_n of_o damascus_n the_o current_a coin_n of_o this_o city_n be_v those_o common_a with_o all_o syria_n aleppo_n be_v the_o principal_a where_o you_o may_v see_v further_o for_o the_o money_n of_o the_o place_n damascus_n weight_n of_o damascus_n the_o damascus_n cantar_n be_v in_o venetia_n sotile_fw-la 600_o l._n gross_a 380_o l._n which_o be_v averdupois_n 402_o l._n yet_o observe_v to_o make_v in_o some_o commodity_n 416_o l._n english_a so_o that_o by_o the_o say_a venetian_a calculation_n which_o i_o sail_v by_o because_o of_o their_o residence_n there_o and_o their_o great_a traffic_n thither_o 100_o l._n gross_a venetia_n shall_v render_v 26â…“_n rotolos_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n sotile_a 16â…”_n rotolos_n damascino_n rotolo_n 1_o make_v venice_n sotile_a 6_o l._n gross_a 3_o l._n 9½_n ounce_n peso_fw-mi 100_o damascino_n be_v metallichi_n 66_o â—_o â—_o sotile_n venice_n 1_o l._n metallichi_n 100_o damas_n give_v in_o venetia_n silver_n weight_n 15¼_n ounce_n killat_n 100_o damascus_n give_v silver_n weight_n in_o venetia_n 90_o kill_n killat_n 100_o damascus_n give_v by_o spice_n weight_n in_o venetia_n 106_o kill_n cantar_n 7½_n of_o damascus_n give_v in_o rhodes_n cantar_n one_o cantar_n one_o damascus_n give_v in_o genoa_n 550_o l._n damascus_n measure_n of_o damascus_n measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o pico_n which_o be_v account_v about_o 27_o inch_n agree_v thus_o with_o other_o place_n pico_n 100_o damascus_n make_v venetia_n measure_n of_o cloth_n 87_o brac_n make_v in_o genoa_n 24_o cane_n of_o 10_o palm_n every_o cane_n make_v in_o florence_n 24½_n cane_n brace_n 100_o of_o cloth_n in_o venetia_n give_v here_o 112_o pico_n brace_n 100_o of_o silk_n venetia_n give_v here_o 106_o pico_n pico_n one_o damascus_n make_v scarce_o â…ž_n brace_n of_o venetia_n damascus_n commodity_n of_o damascus_n the_o commodity_n come_v hence_o be_v cotton_n of_o syria_n saffron_n steel_n excellent_a blade_n for_o sword_n and_o knife_n wrought_v and_o raw_a silk_n of_o this_o growth_n of_o this_o country_n oil_n honey_n wax_n balsam_n almond_n date_n some_o drug_n rice_n which_o here_o be_v note_v plentiful_a beside_o the_o commodity_n here_o find_v and_o high_o bring_v from_o other_o region_n which_o i_o need_v not_o here_o nominate_v damascus_n tare_n upon_o all_o commodity_n in_o damascus_n there_o be_v use_v in_o damascus_n in_o the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o divers_a commoditiy_n a_o certain_a tare_n and_o allowance_n to_o be_v give_v over_o and_o above_o the_o weight_n from_o the_o buyer_n to_o the_o seller_n most_o especial_o practise_v in_o bargain_n of_o spice_n and_o drug_n which_o as_o i_o find_v they_o observe_v by_o other_o i_o think_v good_a here_o to_o show_v as_o in_o ginger_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o rot._n mace_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr cinnamon_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr cloves_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr indigo_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr myrrh_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o rot._n sugar_n candy_v 5_o per_n cent_n 105_o rot._n wormseed_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o rot._n zedoaria_fw-la 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr spikenard_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr gallingal_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr nutmeg_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr lack_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr long_a pepper_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr cocheneel_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr green_a ginger_n 0_o per_fw-la cent_n 000_o  _fw-fr sugar_n 0_o per_fw-la cent_n 000_o  _fw-fr mirabolan_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr aloe_n epatica_fw-la 5_o per_fw-la cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr
cardamum_n 5_o per_fw-mi cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr turbit_n 5_o per_fw-mi cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr silk_n 10_o per_fw-la cent_n 110_o  _fw-fr ambergris_n 10_o per_fw-la cent_n 110_o  _fw-fr and_o many_o other_o which_o the_o merchant_n must_v learn_v all_o these_o commodity_n be_v find_v to_o have_v these_o certain_a tare_n beside_o the_o bag_n canister_n box_n churl_n and_o the_o like_a by_o the_o custom_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o place_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o this_o city_n be_v a_o inland_a town_n wherein_o a_o bashaw_n be_v find_v to_o command_v for_o the_o grand_a signior_n there_o be_v here_o a_o custom_n impose_v upon_o all_o good_n enter_v and_o issue_v to_o foreiner_n and_o merchant_z strangers_z 3_o 1_o â—_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n and_o not_o in_o the_o same_o species_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o alexandria_n before_o specify_v trade_n agreement_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o damascus_n with_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n and_o to_o conclude_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o will_v insert_v a_o old_a observation_n fall_v into_o my_o hand_n make_v upon_o the_o weight_n here_o and_o the_o agreement_n thereof_o with_o other_o country_n the_o certainty_n whereof_o i_o will_v refer_v to_o trial_n the_o cantar_n of_o damascus_n make_v as_o i_o say_v before_o 100_o rotolos_n make_v in_o the_o cantar_n of_o damascus_n by_o observation_n have_v make_v in_o alexandria_n 428_o rot._n forfori_fw-la constantinople_n 341_o rot._n venice_n sotile_a 600_o l._n ditto_n gross_a 380_o l._n ancona_n 517_o l._n florenca_fw-la 525_o l._n rhagusa_n 500_o l._n naples_n 566_o l._n sicilia_n 576_o l._n idem_fw-la 203_o â…”_n rot._n milan_n 552_o l._n genoa_n 570_o l._n valentia_n 400_o l._n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o rotolo_n of_o damascus_n with_o some_o other_o place_n the_o rot._n damascus_n be_v in_o valentia_n 4_o l._n 11_o ½_n ounce_n and1_n l._n val._n be_v 120_o dram_n genoa_n 5_o l._n 8½_n ounce_n 1_o l._n genoa_n be_v 105_o dram_n here_o milan_n 5_o l._n 6½_n ounce_n 1_o l._n milan_n be_v 208_o dram_n sicilia_n 5_o l._n 9_o ounce_n  _fw-fr naples_n 5_o l._n 6â…”_n ounce_n and_o 1_o l._n naples_n rhagusa_n 5_o l._n and_o 1_o l._n rhagusa_n florence_z 5_o l._n 3_o ounce_n and_o 1_o l._n florenco_n be_v 112_o d_z the_o truth_n of_o these_o observation_n i_o must_v leave_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o more_o expert_a and_o give_v you_o a_o touch_n of_o what_o i_o have_v gather_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o agreement_n of_o measure_n of_o length_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o pico_n of_o damascus_n with_o some_o other_o place_n 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o florence_n have_v make_v in_o damascus_n 99_o picos_fw-la 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o naples_n 28½_n cane_n 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o sicilia_n 28¾_n cane_n 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o milan_n 87_o brace_n 100_o cane_n of_o silk_n in_o genoa_n have_v make_v in_o damascus_n 37½_n picos_fw-la 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o venice_n of_o cloth_n 87_o brace_n 100_o brace_n of_o venice_n silk_n have_v make_v in_o damascus_n 106½_n picos_fw-la and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o english_a french_a and_o dutch_a be_v not_o find_v at_o present_a to_o have_v any_o trade_n hither_o and_o that_o the_o venetian_n be_v the_o only_a western_a christian_a merchant_n that_o here_o reside_v and_o have_v here_o a_o consul_n for_o the_o protection_n of_o they_o and_o their_o trade_n and_o good_n it_o will_v fit_v i_o best_o to_o borrow_v some_o of_o their_o observation_n and_o observe_v the_o trade_n they_o now_o drive_v to_o this_o city_n damascus_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o venetian_n to_o damascus_n the_o commodity_n which_o the_o venetian_n then_o carry_v hither_o for_o merchandise_n be_v woollen_a clothes_n honey_n almond_n tin_n quicksilver_n lead_v latin_n wire_n iron_n wire_n latin_a plate_n brimstone_n allons_fw-fr mastich_n coral_n saffron_n flemish_a bead_n and_o bracelet_n crystal_n looking-glass_n linen_n of_o divers_a sort_n coarse_a canvas_n some_o few_o fur_n sugar_n of_o cyprus_n write_v paper_n velvet_n taffata_n damask_n and_o satin_n some_o noremberg_n ware_n coral_n bead_n and_o many_o such_o european_a commodity_n the_o commodity_n that_o they_o find_v here_o to_o make_v return_n of_o be_v these_o raw_a silk_n of_o this_o country_n growth_n and_o of_o persia_n ardasse_n and_o lege_fw-la belledine_n trippoli_n bodovin_n baias_n and_o other_o also_o some_o spice_n and_o some_o drug_n as_o ginger_n cloves_n mace_n sandal_n incense_n myrrh_n nurmeg_n indigo_n gallingal_n long_a pepper_n mirabolan_n ammoniac_a aloe_n epatica_fw-la cardamon_n turbit_n sanguis_fw-la draconis_fw-la sugar_n candy_v wormseed_n zedoaria_fw-la spikenard_n cinnamon_n tutia_n cotton_n and_o some_o cotton_n yarn_n benjamin_n assa_fw-la foetida_fw-la manna_n camphire_n cassia_n and_o the_o like_a of_o which_o some_o be_v find_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o cantar_n of_o damascus_n and_o some_o by_o the_o rotolo_n also_o observe_v that_o musk_n ambergris_n and_o pearl_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o metalico_fw-la which_o be_v 1½_n dram_n and_o sivet_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o weight_n call_v ongia_n be_v 10_o dram_n which_o make_v 6_o 2_o â—_o metalicos_fw-la which_o make_v sotile_a in_o venice_n 1_o ounce_n 1_o sacc_fw-la and_o 5_o carot_n the_o rotolo_n be_v account_v here_o 600_o dram_n but_o liege_n and_o ardasse_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o rotolo_n of_o 680_o dram_n which_o be_v 7_o l._n sotile_a venice_n but_o damascus_n silk_n and_o all_o silk_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n of_o the_o place_n of_o 600_o dram_n these_o note_v the_o venetian_n have_v make_v upon_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n 1_o cantar_n damascus_n be_v sotile_a venice_n 600_o l._n and_o gross_a 380_o l._n 1_o rot._n damascus_n be_v sotile_a 6_o l._n and_o gross_a 3_o l._n 9½_n ounce_n 100_o dram_fw-la damascus_n be_v 66½_n mitigal_n sotile_a venice_n 1_o l._n and_o of_o the_o silver_n weight_n in_o venice_n 10_o ounce_n ¼_n and_o 5_o carot_n 100_o dram_fw-la make_v silver_n weight_n in_o venice_n 12_o marc._n 6_o ounce_n and_o ½_n 100_o mitigal_n damascus_n be_v in_o venice_n 15_o ¼_n ounce_n and_o 5_o carat_n 100_o carat_n damascus_n be_v silver_n weight_n in_o venice_n 91_o carat_n 1½_n dram_n damascin_n be_v 24_o carats_n damascin_n the_o which_o 24_o carat_n be_v one_o mitiga_fw-la damascino_n again_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o 1000_o l._n gross_a in_o venice_n make_v in_o damascus_n 293â…“_n rotolos_n the_o 1000_o l._n sotile_a in_o venice_n be_v in_o damascus_n 166â…”_n rotolos_n so_o that_o the_o 100_o l._n gross_a be_v 26â…“_n rotol_n damascine_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n sotile_n be_v 16â…”_n rotol_n damascine_n damascus_n measure_n of_o damascus_n as_o for_o the_o measure_n of_o damascus_n there_o be_v but_o one_o here_o in_o use_n and_o be_v common_a to_o all_o commodity_n both_o linen_n silk_n and_o woollen_a which_o be_v the_o pico_n which_o by_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o venetian_n i_o find_v thus_o 100_o pico_n in_o damascus_n be_v in_o venice_n cloth_n measure_n brace_n 87_o thereby_o estimate_v the_o say_a pico_n to_o be_v almost_o â…ž_n of_o brace_n venetian_n 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venice_n make_v in_o damascus_n 111_o in_o 112_o pico_n 100_o brace_n of_o silk_n in_o venice_n make_v in_o damascus_n 106_o in_o 107_o pico_n and_o how_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o measure_n of_o england_n and_o other_o place_n i_o have_v show_v before_o therefore_o leave_v damascus_n trade_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o better_a experience_a and_o find_v the_o caravan_n of_o aleppo_n ready_a to_o depart_v i_o be_o call_v thither_o where_o by_o the_o way_n observe_v some_o relic_n not_o here_o worth_a mention_v and_o where_o arrive_v you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o next_o leaf_n what_o i_o have_v there_o observe_v in_o the_o matter_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n lxvii_o of_o aleppo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o aleppo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o aleppo_n call_v in_o the_o 2_o sam._n 8_o 3._o aram_n sobab_n be_v now_o the_o most_o famous_a city_n in_o all_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n for_o the_o wonderful_a confluence_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o country_n that_o come_v hither_o to_o traffic_v it_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v upon_o a_o plain_a in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o do_v rise_v a_o small_a hill_n whereupon_o be_v build_v a_o strong_a castle_n that_o command_v the_o whole_a city_n it_o have_v in_o it_o many_o cane_n for_o lodging_n and_o warehouse_n for_o merchant_n which_o resemble_v small_a fort_n be_v shut_v with_o iron_n gate_n defend_v the_o merchant_n and_o their_o good_n from_o all_o wrong_n or_o theft_n their_o street_n be_v shut_v with_o door_n every_o night_n at_o each_o end_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o cairo_n
and_o thereby_o every_o street_n become_v a_o defensible_a place_n by_o itself_o there_o be_v of_o all_o eastern_a southern_a and_o western_a nation_n merchant_n find_v therein_o many_o of_o which_o enjoy_v several_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n grant_v they_o by_o their_o particular_a capitulation_n from_o the_o grand_a signior_n who_o be_v lord_n hereof_o the_o english_a venetian_n and_o french_a be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a trader_n hither_o each_o bring_v hither_o their_o native_a commodity_n and_o here_o exchange_v they_o for_o arabian_a persian_a and_o indian_a drug_n gem_n spice_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n among_o which_o the_o english_a be_v most_o eminent_a by_o reason_n that_o they_o not_o only_o furnish_v this_o city_n with_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o england_n but_o also_o with_o such_o as_o come_v to_o they_o from_o india_n and_o persia_n by_o sea_n and_o which_o in_o former_a day_n be_v from_o hence_o bring_v into_o england_n scanderone_n scanderone_n this_o city_n be_v seat_v about_o 100_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o sea_n alexandretta_n or_o scanderone_n be_v the_o sea_n port_n and_o road_n whereto_o all_o ship_n either_o out_o of_o the_o ocean_n or_o mediterranean_n come_v to_o lade_v and_o unlade_v their_o good_n and_o be_v hence_o transport_v by_o camel_n to_o aleppo_n which_o scale_n be_v former_o in_o tripoli_n which_o be_v a_o more_o commodious_a port_n and_o near_o in_o distance_n but_o the_o way_n be_v find_v more_o craggy_a rugged_a and_o dangerous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o insolency_n of_o the_o arabian_n it_o be_v by_o all_o christian_n disuse_v and_o by_o consent_v the_o same_o be_v here_o settle_v aleppo_n commodity_n of_o aleppo_n the_o commodity_n which_o be_v find_v in_o this_o city_n be_v common_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o asis_fw-la and_o africa_n as_o spice_n of_o all_o sort_n drug_n of_o all_o sort_n silk_n of_o persia_n gem_n of_o india_n spice_n of_o arabia_n and_o the_o common_a commodity_n proper_a to_o the_o country_n as_o grogram_n grogram_n yarn_n gall_n cotton_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n silk_n of_o tripoli_n bocai_n bedovine_n add_v damascus_n and_o other_o sort_n in_o great_a quantity_n aleppo_n weight_n of_o aleppo_n the_o weight_n use_v here_o in_o particular_a be_v the_o dram_n and_o rotolo_n as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o turkey_n but_o the_o rotolo_n be_v find_v in_o many_o commodity_n to_o differ_v in_o dram_fw-la according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o weight_n of_o the_o place_n and_o commodity_n the_o cantar_n be_v also_o find_v to_o disagree_v in_o rotolo_n according_a to_o the_o common_a and_o usual_a weight_n of_o commodity_n which_o i_o will_v declare_v thereby_o to_o show_v first_o how_o they_o accord_n with_o england_n and_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n and_o then_o how_o they_o agree_v among_o themselves_o and_o first_o silk_n of_o persia_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o wesno_n which_o be_v 30_o nether_a and_o 1_o nether_a be_v 120_o grain_n and_o every_o grain_n be_v 30_o dram_fw-la by_o which_o account_n the_o wesno_n amount_v to_o 3600_o dram_fw-la and_o 7_o wesno_n make_v a_o coal_n but_o the_o common_a weight_n better_o know_v to_o we_o in_o the_o rotolo_n which_o of_o ardesse_n and_o liege_n be_v 680_o dram_fw-la of_o belledine_n 700_o dram_fw-la and_o so_o change_v in_o other_o sort_n of_o commodity_n which_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o rotolo_n be_v also_o divide_v into_o 12_o ounce_n and_o ounce_n 1_o be_v dram_n 60_o dram_n 3600_o be_v account_v a_o wesno_n dram_fw-la 2400_o be_v a_o botman_n which_o be_v the_o weight_n by_o which_o silk_n be_v sell_v in_o constantinople_n and_o make_v there_o 6_o oak_n cantar_n 2_o be_v rotolos_n 100_o make_v near_o 481_o l._n averdupois_n rotolo_n 1_o be_v averdupois_n 4_o 13_o ounce_n account_v and_o find_v sometime_o 4_o l._n 14_o ounce_n so_o that_o 112_o l._n averdupois_n be_v find_v hereby_o to_o be_v rotolos_n 22_o ounce_n 8._o rotolos_fw-la 100_o common_a weight_n be_v 494_o l._n 8_o ounce_n averdupois_n which_o be_v above_o 4_o l._n 15_o ounce_n and_o so_o be_v sometime_o find_v to_o produce_v in_o some_o commodity_n a_o wesno_n of_o silver_n be_v 100_o dram_fw-la which_o be_v 68_o lyre_n of_o venetia_n and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o 11_o ℞_o ⅔_n full_a weight_n make_v a_o wesno_n of_o silver_n here_o silver_n gold_n gem_n etc._n etc._n be_v sell_v by_o the_o mitigal_a which_o be_v 1½_n dram_n which_o be_v carot_n 24_o english_a or_o grain_n 96._o aleppo_n wesnos_n reduce_v into_o rotolos_n in_o aleppo_n wesno_n of_o aleppo_n be_v in_o buy_v of_o silk_n thus_o reduce_v into_o rotolo_n and_o dram_n follow_v wesno_n 1_o be_v rotolos_n 5_o dram_fw-la 200_o 5_o 26_o 320_o 10_o 52_o 630_o 20_o 105_o 600_o 30_o 158_o 560_o 40_o 211_o 520_o 50_o 264_o 480_o 60_o 317_o 440_o 70_o 370_o 400_o 80_o 423_o 360_o 90_o 476_o 320_o 100_o 529_o 280_o which_o may_v be_v enlarge_v to_o a_o great_a number_n have_v purposely_o here_o insert_v the_o same_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o ignorant_a and_o learner_n venetia_n aleppo_n with_o venetia_n now_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o venetian_n have_v be_v account_v the_o first_o christian_n trader_n into_o this_o city_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o agreement_n in_o weight_n of_o this_o place_n and_o venetia_n cantar_n 1_o make_v sotile_a venetia_n 720_o l._n gross_a 456_o l._n which_o this_o way_n be_v reduce_v to_o english_a weight_n be_v 482_o l._n averdupois_n rotol_n 1_o venetia_n sotile_a l._n 7_o ounce_n 2_o sache_n 2½_n gross_a l._n 4._o ounce_n 6¾_n gross_a venetia_n 1000_o l._n be_v in_o aleppo_n cantar_n 2._o rot._n 19_o sotile_n venetia_n 1000_o l._n be_v in_o aleppo_n cantar_n 1_o rot._n 40_o so_o that_o 100_o l._n gross_a be_v rotol_n 21_o and_o 100_o l._n sotile_n be_v 14_o rotolos_n cantar_n 1_o have_v produce_v in_o florence_n 660_o l._n weigh_v aleppo_n note_n of_o weigh_v now_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o note_v some_o observation_n upon_o commodity_n weigh_v in_o aleppo_n with_o the_o tare_n and_o allowance_n by_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n give_v to_o the_o buyer_n indigo_n indigo_n all_o sort_n of_o indigo_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o churl_n which_o be_v 27½_n rotolo_n of_o 720_o dram_n churl_n 2_o make_v a_o chest_n allow_v in_o account_n 327_o l._n to_o a_o churl_n of_o neat_a indigo_n and_o there_o be_v allow_v to_o the_o buyer_n 3_o ounce_n per_fw-la churl_n for_o dust_n and_o 3_o ounce_n for_o single_a shirt_n and_o 6_o ounce_n for_o double_a silk_n silk_n silk_n of_o all_o sort_n have_v allowance_n for_o head_n of_o skein_n if_o course_n 100_o in_o 130_o dram_n per_fw-la wesno_n if_o fine_a 60_o dram_n notwithstanding_o musk._n musk._n musk_n be_v buy_v by_o the_o mitigal_a out_o of_o the_o cod_n give_v no_o allowance_n in_o the_o cod_n 20_o per_fw-la cent_n drug_n drug_n drug_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o country_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n of_o 720_o dram_n and_o pay_v no_o custom_n but_o of_o the_o growth_n of_o foreign_a part_n by_o rotolo_n 600_o dram_n and_o pay_v great_a custom_n as_o be_v camphire_n aloe_n socotrina_fw-la damascus_n silk_n of_o damascus_n silk_n also_o of_o these_o country_n as_o damascus_n tripoli_n bacas_n give_v no_o allowance_n in_o tear_v be_v clean_a silk_n oppion_n be_v sell_v dram_n 110_o for_o 100_o dram_n the_o 10_o dram_n be_v allow_v for_o tear_v in_o that_o commodity_n spice_n spice_n spice_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n of_o 720_o dram_n and_o if_o the_o same_o be_v ungarble_v the_o allowance_n be_v 132_o for_o 100_o but_o if_o garbled_a 110_o for_o 100_o notwithstanding_o as_o in_o clove_n mace_n cinnamon_n etc._n etc._n gall_n gall_n gall_n have_v allowance_n for_o dust_n 2_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o brief_o observe_v these_o commodity_n give_v these_o tare_n to_o the_o buyer_n aloe_n epaticum_fw-la with_o the_o skin_n and_o aloe_n socotrina_fw-la assa_fw-la foetida_fw-la with_o the_o skin_n bdellium_n give_v 20_o in_o 120_o spice_n spice_n cinnamon_n cubeb_n cassia_n fistula_n oculus_fw-la indi_fw-it galbanum_fw-la mace_n oppion_n rhubarb_n manna_n etc._n etc._n 10_o per_fw-la 100_o camphora_n lignum_fw-la aloe_n nutmeg_n etc._n etc._n 5_o per_fw-la 105._o note_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o no_o english_a merchant_n be_v permit_v to_o trade_n in_o turkey_n but_o the_o levant_n company_n and_o that_o this_o company_n be_v incorporate_v by_o special_a privilege_n in_o london_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o his_o majesty_n of_o england_n the_o order_n of_o that_o company_n by_o the_o trader_n hither_o to_o other_o the_o port_n of_o turkey_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v according_a to_o their_o establish_a act_n and_o ordinance_n whereto_o i_o refer_v the_o enquirer_n for_o further_a information_n aleppo_n coin_n of_o aleppo_n the_o coin_n current_a of_o aleppo_n be_v the_o same_o common_a with_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a
trade_n of_o moment_n here_o the_o trade_n drive_v here_o by_o the_o dutch_a not_o worthy_a consideration_n beside_o which_o this_o town_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o great_a magazine_n of_o all_o persia_n india_n and_o arabia_n commodity_n the_o merchant_n whereof_o come_v hither_o in_o great_a troop_n and_o caravan_n with_o their_o camel_n lade_v with_o the_o rich_a ware_n of_o those_o several_a country_n and_o make_v their_o return_n in_o the_o commodity_n of_o europe_n above_o name_v which_o they_o buy_v and_o barter_n with_o the_o english_a french_a and_o venetian_n which_o here_o have_v their_o residence_n as_o aforesaid_a to_o conclude_v then_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n and_o to_o omit_v nothing_o that_o i_o have_v judge_v proper_a for_o the_o demonstration_n thereof_o i_o will_v insert_v the_o observation_n make_v here_o by_o experience_n in_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o this_o place_n with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o some_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o levant_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o cantar_n of_o aleppo_n with_o other_o place_n it_o be_v before_o note_v that_o in_o aleppo_n there_o be_v but_o one_o quintar_n account_v as_o the_o common_a cantar_n of_o the_o place_n by_o which_o all_o commodity_n be_v both_o buy_v and_o sell_v yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v withal_o that_o from_o this_o quintar_n be_v many_o other_o cantars_n derive_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v in_o the_o weight_n of_o some_o special_a commodity_n as_o i_o have_v before_o likewise_o note_v now_o this_o cantar_n consist_v of_o 100_o rotolo_n the_o common_a rotolo_n here_o which_o be_v also_o account_v 600_o dram_n though_o as_o i_o have_v there_o observe_v several_a commodity_n be_v weigh_v by_o a_o several_a rotolo_n some_o consist_v of_o 600_o some_o 680_o some_o 700_o and_o some_o 720_o dram_n therefore_o to_o explain_v this_o point_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o common_a cantar_n of_o aleppo_n contain_v 100_o rotolo_n and_o each_o rotolo_n contain_v 600_o dram_n have_v make_v in_o these_o country_n follow_v the_o 100_o rotolo_n of_o 680_o dram_n be_v in_o naples_n 633_o l._n 6_o l._n 8_o ounce_n venetia_n sotile_a 720_o l._n 7_o l._n 2_o ounce_n 2â…”_n saob_n venetia_n gross_a 456_o l._n 4_o l._n 9¾_n ounce_n florence_n 626_o l._n 6_o l._n 3½_n ounce_n genoa_n sotile_a 624_o l._n 6_o l._n 10_o ounce_n sicilia_n 691_o l._n 6_o l._n 10â…”_n ounce_n milan_n 662_o l._n 6_o l._n 7½_n ounce_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o 100_o pico_n of_o aleppo_n with_o other_o place_n i_o have_v note_v the_o measure_n here_o in_o general_n for_o all_o commodity_n to_o be_v the_o pico_n in_o cloth_n thâ—_n 100_o pico_n have_v be_v find_v thus_o to_o concord_n with_o other_o country_n have_v make_v in_o 100_o pico_n venice_n cloth_n 94_o brace_n venice_n silk_n 100_o brace_n florence_n 107½_n brace_n genoa_n 28_o 1_o â—_o cane_n milan_n 81_o brace_n sicilia_n 31_o cane_n 1_o palm_n and_o thus_o much_o be_v what_o i_o conceive_v needful_a to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o famous_a city_n of_o aleppo_n chap._n lxiii_o of_o tripoli_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o next_o and_o last_o of_o note_n in_o this_o country_n be_v tripoli_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o in_o barbary_n common_o call_v in_o syria_n it_o have_v in_o former_a time_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o enjoy_v a_o fair_a and_o common_a harbour_n and_o now_o ruin_v and_o have_v as_o i_o say_v before_o of_o late_a day_n be_v account_v for_o the_o port_n and_o scale_n of_o aleppo_n where_o our_o ship_n ever_o jade_v and_o unlade_v but_o since_o their_o removal_n to_o scanderone_n it_o be_v of_o little_a commerce_n some_o venetian_n be_v here_o find_v to_o reside_v and_o who_o pick_v out_o hence_o some_o small_a trade_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n who_o afford_v they_o silk_n here_o grow_v some_o cotton_n yarn_n and_o cotton_n wool_n some_o drug_n corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n tripoli_n weight_n of_o tripoli_n their_o weight_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o damascus_n which_o be_v rotolo_n 100_o and_o be_v a_o cantar_n damascino_n which_o be_v venetia_n sotile_a 600_o l._n gross_a 380_o l._n which_o this_o way_n shall_v be_v english_a 402_o l._n but_o it_o have_v be_v find_v to_o yield_v 416_o l_o averdupois_n dram_n 52_o be_v a_o ounce_n ounce_n 12_o be_v a_o rotolo_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 4_o l._n 2_o ounce_n of_o averdupois_n and_o ounce_n 8_o be_v a_o oak_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v out_o 42¾_n l._n averdupois_n tripoli_n measure_n of_o tripoli_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o pico_n be_v somewhat_o less_o than_o 27_o inch_n english_a tripoli_n coin_n in_o tripoli_n their_o money_n be_v general_o the_o same_o with_o all_o turkey_n but_o thus_o account_v asper_n two_o be_v a_o medin_n asper_n 40_o be_v ¼_n r._n â—_o asper_n 160_o be_v a_o r._n â—_o asper_n 140_o be_v a_o dollar_n lion_n asper_n 240_o be_v a_o sultany_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n chap._n lxiv_o of_o palestina_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o palestine_n palestine_n the_o next_o country_n in_o order_n be_v palestina_n have_v on_o the_o east_n euphrates_n on_o the_o west_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n phoenicia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n arabia_n this_o country_n have_v so_o often_o change_v its_o name_n that_o it_o have_v be_v call_v by_o six_o several_a name_n 1._o canaâ—…_n 2._o the_o land_n of_o promise_n 3._o israel_n 4._o judaea_n 5._o palestina_n and_o last_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o noâ—_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n galilea_n judea_n idumea_n and_o samaria_n galilea_n galilea_n in_o galilea_n be_v not_o find_v any_o city_n either_o of_o note_n or_o trade_n though_o in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v famous_a for_o many_o as_o bethsaida_n the_o birth-place_n of_o peter_n andrew_n and_o philip_n and_o nazareth_n second_o to_o none_o where_o the_o virgin_n mary_n be_v salute_v with_o those_o joyful_a tiding_n by_o a_o angel_n jordan_n jordan_n in_o this_o country_n arise_v the_o two_o spring-head_n of_o jordan_n jor_n and_o dan_n of_o which_o two_o that_o unite_a river_n do_v derive_v its_o name_n samaria_n samaria_n neither_o do_v samaria_n now_o afford_v any_o city_n of_o commerce_n though_o many_o notable_a place_n be_v there_o find_v in_o the_o flourish_a day_n of_o the_o israelite_n idumea_n idumea_n idumea_n be_v also_o destitute_a of_o trading_n though_o it_o have_v the_o commodious_a seaport_n joppa_n in_o 〈◊〉_d where_o our_o western_a pilgrim_n be_v see_v to_o land_n and_o foot_n it_o to_o jerusalem_n where_o also_o in_o time_n past_a jonah_n take_v ship_v to_o fly_v to_o tarsus_n and_o where_o peter_n lie_v in_o the_o house_n of_o one_o simon_n 〈◊〉_d tanner_n be_v in_o a_o vision_n teach_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o gentile_n here_o also_o be_v gasa_n where_o the_o persian_n do_v hoard_v up_o in_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o empire_n the_o custom_n and_o tribute_n of_o their_o westen_n dominion_n take_v what_o i_o find_v in_o trade_n here_o worthy_a observation_n chap._n lxv_o of_o gasa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o gasa_n and_o though_o trade_n thereof_o gasa_n have_v be_v more_o famous_a and_o beautiful_a than_o now_o it_o be_v and_o renown_v through_o europe_n both_o for_o a_o good_a seaport_n and_o a_o good_a defence_n to_o the_o western_a christian_n in_o their_o waâ—…_n here_o against_o the_o saladin_n and_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n and_o for_o a_o good_a seat_n of_o trade_n but_o all_o these_o good_a thing_n be_v too_o good_a for_o those_o nation_n that_o have_v since_o be_v master_n thereof_o for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o port_n be_v spoil_v by_o rubbish_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o wall_n ruin_v by_o the_o war_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o scale_n in_o trade_n decay_v by_o the_o neighbour_a town_n situate_v upon_o this_o coast_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o see_v yet_o a_o little_a trade_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o creek_n capable_a to_o receive_v small_a vessel_n wherein_o the_o venetian_n and_o french_a pick_v out_o some_o trade_n with_o their_o ready_a money_n it_o be_v a_o station_n common_a to_o those_o caravan_n that_o by_o land_n travel_n from_o damascus_n aleppo_n or_o constantinople_n to_o cairo_n and_o so_o back_o again_o and_o these_o caravan_n keep_v their_o settle_a time_n of_o progress_n and_o regress_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o some_o traffic_n here_o maintain_v the_o barrenness_n of_o the_o neighbour_a desert_n drive_v some_o hither_o to_o inhabit_v which_o make_v the_o town_n to_o be_v better_o people_v than_o otherwise_o it_o happy_o will_v be_v thereby_o enlarge_n the_o commerce_n
sultany_n to_o the_o say_a farmer_n for_o admittance_n so_o that_o the_o posterity_n of_o those_o jew_n make_v a_o a_o unrighteous_a gain_n and_o traffic_v by_o his_o death_n who_o unrighteoush_n their_o forefather_n occasion_v to_o die_v chap._n lxvii_o of_o armenia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o armenia_n armenia_n armenia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n media_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n euphrates_n and_o the_o euxine_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n tartary_n on_o the_o south_n mesopotamia_n the_o whâ—…_n country_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o province_n first_o colchis_n second_o georgia_n three_o tâ—comania_n colchis_n colchis_n colchis_n lie_v on_o the_o euaeine_v sea_n the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v christian_n hence_o do_v jason_n in_o the_o day_n of_o old_a steal_v the_o golden_a fleece_n dioscuria_n dioscuria_n and_o here_o be_v also_o see_v the_o ruin_n of_o that_o famous_a city_n dioscuria_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o foreign_a merchant_n from_o all_o coâ—treys_n that_o here_o frequent_v three_o hundred_o language_n be_v common_o speak_v and_o practise_v georgia_n georgia_n neither_o can_v i_o find_v in_o georgia_n erst_o call_v iberia_n any_o city_n of_o note_n for_o trading_n turcomania_n turcomania_n tucomania_n be_v also_o as_o barren_a in_o this_o kind_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o sundry_a author_n that_o out_o of_o this_o province_n be_v derive_v the_o name_n and_o original_a of_o the_o turk_n who_o here_o have_v their_o offspring_n and_o who_o within_o these_o three_o hundred_o year_n last_o pass_v have_v make_v themselves_o potent_a by_o their_o army_n turk_n the_o kingdom_n under_o the_o turk_n and_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o kingdom_n the_o present_a grand_fw-fr signior_n sultan_n amurath_n who_o in_o anno_fw-la 1623._o at_o my_o be_v at_o constantionople_n be_v proclaim_v emperor_n of_o that_o natâ—…_n have_v under_o his_o dominion_n and_o command_n in_o chief_a as_o sovereign_a of_o all_o these_o country_n first_o in_o europe_n he_o have_v dacia_n grecia_n all_o the_o aegean_a island_n and_o taurica_n chersonesus_n in_o asia_n he_o have_v the_o province_n before_o already_o describe_v also_o arabia_n syria_n media_n mesopotamia_n rhodes_n cyprus_n and_o other_o island_n and_o jastly_a in_o africa_n he_o have_v egypt_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tâ—…_n and_o argier_n and_o many_o other_o of_o lesser_a consequence_n and_o thus_o leave_v armenia_n my_o nert_a step_n be_v to_o arabia_n which_o come_v now_o to_o be_v handle_v chap._n lxviii_o of_o arabia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o arabia_n arabia_n arabia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o persian_a gulf_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o red-sea_n on_o the_o north_n with_o mesopotamia_n and_o palestina_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o ocean_n the_o inhabitaht_n be_v extreme_o addict_v to_o th_a this_o trade_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o maintenance_n the_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n arabia_n deserta_fw-la peâ—…osa_fw-la and_o felix_n deserta_fw-la deserta_fw-la arabia_n deserta_fw-la be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n wander_v for_o forty_o â—ears_n under_o the_o command_n of_o moses_n bolsora_n bolsora_n the_o most_o eminent_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v bolsora_n hereto_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o serve_v for_o a_o thoroughfare_a from_o arabia_n to_o aleppo_n and_o damascus_n sound_v a_o city_n of_o great_a concourse_n of_o many_o merchant_n and_o which_o do_v principal_o consist_v â—re_n upon_o the_o commodity_n bring_v hither_o from_o other_o country_n as_o of_o india_n and_o other_o part_n arabia_n than_o of_o any_o find_v here_o to_o be_v transport_v into_o other_o country_n the_o further_a trade_n treof_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n i_o omit_v this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o thievish_a life_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o general_a barrenness_n at_o infertility_n thereof_o some_o author_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o merchdize_n that_o the_o sandy_a desert_n be_v the_o sea_n of_o the_o arabian_a merchant_n the_o wild_a arab_n the_o pirate_n and_o their_o camel_n their_o ship_n usual_o carry_v 600_o pound_n for_o a_o ordinary_a burthe_n and_o so_o we_o find_v they_o do_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o our_o good_n and_o ware_n from_o scanderone_n to_o alâ—o_v and_o so_o back_o again_o a_o camel_n load_n be_v account_v ten_o clothes_n suffolk_n which_o by_o statute_n wâ—h_n 640_o l._n which_o with_o the_o pack_v may_v be_v 700_o l._n or_o else_o two_o barrel_n or_o chest_n of_o tin_n find_v to_o incirca_fw-la 600_o l._n and_o so_o in_o other_o commodity_n petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-la arabia_n petrosa_n i_o find_v not_o any_o city_n of_o trading_n ezion_n geber_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o reâ—ea_n where_o solomon_n navy_n keep_v station_n before_o the_o set_n out_o and_o at_o their_o return_n from_o oph_n be_v once_o a_o famous_a place_n and_o of_o great_a traffic_n though_o now_o it_o lie_v bury_v in_o its_o own_o ruin_n fellix_fw-la fellix_fw-la avabia_fw-la fellix_fw-la merchant_n shall_v be_v better_a welcome_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n so_o beneficial_a to_o â—eiâ—_n traffic_n as_o their_o commodity_n may_v be_v make_v for_o it_o be_v esteem_v the_o rich_a and_o pleasants_n part_n of_o all_o arabia_n and_o indeed_o of_o all_o asia_n abound_v with_o gold_n pearl_n balsam_n myrrh_n frarincense_n and_o many_o other_o precious_a drug_n mecha_n medina_n talnabi_n and_o mecha_n hâ—…_n be_v those_o two_o notable_o note_v town_n of_o medina_n and_o mecha_n the_o one_o the_o birthplace_n the_o other_o he_o bury_a place_n of_o mahomet_n who_o in_o his_o young_a year_n be_v a_o merchant_n and_o in_o his_o elder_n a_o cunning_a sophister_n where_o christian_n be_v forbid_v to_o enter_v lest_o they_o shall_v â—ee_n as_o some_o author_n allege_v the_o absurdity_n of_o the_o mahometan_a adoration_n of_o their_o great_a prophet_n sepulore_n who_o body_n enclose_v in_o a_o iron_n chest_n be_v say_v by_o a_o adamant_n to_o be_v draw_v up_o to_o the_o roof_n the_o temple_n where_o it_o hang_v but_o herein_o many_o of_o they_o be_v and_o have_v be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n â—eceived_v for_o myself_o and_o other_o merchant_n that_o have_v for_o some_o term_n of_o time_n reside_v in_o turkâ—_n and_o special_o in_o constantinople_n know_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o grand_a signior_n do_v yearly_o send_v carpet_n or_o rather_o tomb-cloth_n of_o green_a velvet_n to_o cover_v the_o say_a sepulchre_n the_o old_a be_v then_o take_v away_o and_o account_v the_o fee_n and_o vail_n of_o their_o priest_n and_o clergyman_n that_o atten_v thereon_o who_o cut_v the_o same_o into_o several_a piece_n and_o sell_v it_o to_o the_o superstitious_a at_o extreme_a rate_n for_o precious_a relic_n the_o tomb_n itself_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o temple_n build_v in_o mecha_n of_o nogreat_a magnificence_n or_o beauty_n save_o the_o cost_n daily_o bestow_v thereupon_o in_o lamp_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n wherein_o there_o be_v balsam_n and_o other_o such_o rich_a odour_n ointment_n and_o oil_n continual_o burn_v and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o firm_a ground_n and_o not_o in_o the_o air_n as_o above_o be_v say_v and_o inclosod_a within_o a_o iron-grate_n wherein_o some_o by_o favour_n be_v permit_v to_o enter_v from_o some_o of_o who_o i_o have_v have_v this_o relation_n as_o be_v by_o divers_a turk_n that_o i_o have_v know_v and_o that_o have_v see_v it_o and_o report_v it_o to_o be_v so_o and_o no_o otherwise_o this_o large_a circuit_n of_o ground_n have_v not_o afford_v i_o muda_fw-la matter_n of_o trade_n worthy_a observation_n that_o hitherto_o have_v come_v to_o my_o hand_n the_o most_o pertinent_a and_o eminent_a place_n be_v mocha_n the_o seaport_n of_o the_o say_v mecha_n abovenamed_a and_o aden_n both_o on_o the_o red-sea_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o a_o word_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v gather_v and_o then_o i_o will_v conclude_v chap._n lxix_o of_o mocha_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o mocha_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mocha_n or_o muchi_n as_o some_o name_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o red-sea_n almost_o opposite_a to_o zuachen_n that_o famous_a city_n of_o trade_n on_o the_o african_a shore_n and_o serve_v as_o the_o port_n and_o scale_n to_o meâ—ha_n the_o birthplace_n of_o mahomet_n the_o famous_a prophet_n of_o these_o countryman_n much_o here_o resort_v unto_o by_o turk_n moor_n arabian_n and_o other_o nation_n profess_v this_o superstitious_a religion_n it_o be_v frequent_v by_o divers_a merchant_n especial_o arabian_n and_o egyptian_n that_o take_v it_o in_o their_o way_n to_o aden_n ormus_n india_n or_o the_o like_a and_o also_o much_o frequent_v by_o mahometan_a pilgrim_n who_o in_o blind_a devotion_n come_v this_o way_n to_o mecha_n to_o pay_v their_o vow_n to_o their_o ungodly_a patron_n mocha_n coin_n in_o mocha_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o grand_a
set_v at_o liberty_n and_o he_o straight_o fly_v home_o to_o his_o mate_n when_o by_o degree_n they_o be_v thus_o perfect_o teach_v the_o carrier_n and_o merchant_n on_o any_o accident_n fasten_v a_o letter_n about_o one_o of_o their_o neck_n and_o they_o be_v free_v without_o any_o stay_n hasten_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v bring_v and_o such_o as_o at_o home_n do_v watch_v their_o return_n climb_v their_o hole_n and_o take_v away_o their_o letter_n be_v certify_v of_o the_o mind_n of_o their_o friend_n or_o any_o other_o tiding_n after_o a_o very_a speedy_a manner_n babylon_n commodity_n of_o babylon_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o common_a commodity_n before_o nominate_v in_o aleppo_n babylon_n coin_n of_o babylon_n and_o their_o coin_n current_a be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v find_v throughout_o turkey_n as_o subject_a to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sovereign_n but_o the_o coin_n of_o persia_n be_v find_v here_o likewise_o to_o pass_v current_n for_o their_o value_n and_o so_o do_v also_o their_o gold_n without_o exception_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a custom_n in_o trade_n that_o frontier_n town_n of_o trade_n admit_v the_o coin_n of_o the_o border_a inhabitant_n and_o region_n babylon_n weight_n of_o babylon_n the_o weight_n of_o babylon_n know_v among_o we_o be_v the_o dram_n mitigal_a rotolo_n and_o cantar_n their_o rotolo_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v 1_o l._n 10_o ounce_n english_a and_o our_o 112_o l._n english_a have_v make_v here_o 68_o rotolo_n their_o measure_n in_o length_n common_a in_o this_o place_n be_v the_o pico_n find_v to_o be_v by_o trial_n about_o 27_o inch_n english_a to_o conclude_v this_o country_n relation_n from_o hence_o come_v the_o three_o wise_a man_n call_v of_o the_o east_n who_o worship_v christ_n and_o present_v he_o with_o gift_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n hereof_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o astronomy_n and_o astrology_n and_o therefore_o hence_o have_v all_o such_o the_o title_n of_o childeans_n and_o for_o other_o matter_n of_o trade_n here_o be_v only_o find_v the_o famous_a town_n of_o mosull_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n euphrates_n abound_v with_o the_o forest_n of_o gall_n so_o much_o require_v and_o request_v by_o divers_a throughout_o the_o world_n and_o now_o to_o media_n chap._n lxxiii_o of_o media_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o media_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o media_n be_v limit_v on_o the_o east_n with_o parthia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o armenia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o persia_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n be_v absolute_o the_o great_a sea_n of_o all_o other_o that_o have_v no_o commerce_n with_o the_o ocean_n by_o some_o call_v the_o hyrcanian_a sea_n and_o by_o some_o the_o sea_n bacchu_n of_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n thereon_o border_v sultania_n sultania_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o country_n be_v sultania_n famous_a for_o the_o fair_a mosque_n in_o the_o east_n sumachia_n the_o strong_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n take_v by_o the_o turk_n in_o anno_fw-la 1578_o and_o now_o the_o seat_n of_o 2_o turkish_a bashaw_n ever_o be_v ardovile_n shervan_n bacchu_n and_o some_o other_o tauris_n tauris_n and_o last_o the_o most_o eminent_a tauris_n of_o the_o trade_n hereof_o see_v hereafter_o likewise_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v comprehend_v the_o province_n of_o albania_n now_o zairia_n little_o behold_v to_o the_o industry_n or_o labour_n of_o the_o husbandman_n yet_o of_o its_o own_o accord_n yield_v for_o once_o sow_v most_o time_n two_o and_o sometime_o there_o reaping_n derbent_fw-la derbent_fw-la the_o chief_a city_n be_v caucasiae_n portae_n build_v hard_o upon_o the_o hill_n caucasus_n one_o of_o the_o best_a fortify_v town_n of_o the_o east_n now_o call_v derbent_v a_o strong_a city_n environ_v with_o two_o wall_n and_o fortify_v with_o iron_n gate_n yet_o nevertheless_o take_v it_o be_v by_o the_o grand_a signior_n in_o his_o last_o war_n against_o the_o persian_n under_o who_o command_n it_o now_o remain_v be_v now_o account_v one_o of_o the_o key_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o the_o common_a entrance_n into_o persia_n and_o last_o in_o this_o country_n phidon_n a_o argive_a in_fw-la anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 3146._o be_v say_v to_o find_v out_o the_o use_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n which_o knowledge_n and_o concordance_n by_o this_o tract_n i_o covet_v to_o obtain_v sotile_a the_o weight_n of_o derbent_n be_v the_o moâ—e_n which_o be_v 3_o l._n 11_o ounce_n venice_n sotile_a and_o to_o conclude_v a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n in_o the_o general_a i_o find_v that_o the_o moscovia_n company_n be_v the_o first_o that_o seek_v the_o knowledge_n thereof_o in_o these_o part_n for_o upon_o their_o discovery_n of_o moscovia_n they_o trade_v down_o the_o river_n volga_n to_o astracan_a and_o thence_o in_o bark_n sail_v with_o their_o english_a commodity_n to_o bacchu_n derbent_n and_o other_o place_n on_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o since_o some_o of_o the_o east-india_n company_n have_v more_o narrow_o trace_v it_o and_o have_v observe_v the_o same_o more_o particular_o the_o principal_a commodity_n proceed_v hence_o be_v the_o raw_a silk_n make_v at_o gilan_n zahaspa_n rastiguan_n chiulfal_n and_o other_o now_o know_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o persia_n ardasse_o and_o lege_fw-la silk_n and_o from_o this_o last_o the_o dealer_n in_o silk_n here_o be_v throughout_o asia_n common_o term_v chiulfallins_n chap._n lxxiv_o of_o tauris_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o tauris_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tauris_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o media_n and_o the_o summer_n seat_n of_o the_o persian_a sophy_n contain_v 16_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o include_v 100_o thousand_o inhabitant_n it_o have_v within_o late_a year_n be_v three_o time_n conquer_v by_o the_o turk_n and_o have_v as_o often_o again_o return_v to_o the_o persian_n under_o who_o now_o it_o rest_v first_o by_o selimus_n then_o by_o solyman_n the_o magnificent_a and_o last_o by_o osman_n general_n to_o amurath_n the_o three_o it_o be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o persian_a and_o strong_o fortify_v and_o seat_v in_o a_o cold_a yet_o wholesome_a country_n the_o inhabitant_n more_o addict_v to_o make_v of_o silk_n than_o to_o the_o sword_n distant_a six_o day_n journey_n from_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o indeed_o encompass_v by_o several_a great_a town_n of_o note_n who_o manual_a labour_n be_v famous_v over_o the_o world_n as_o first_o ever_o be_v whence_o come_v the_o fine_a silk_n call_v the_o mamodean_a now_o out_o of_o use_n bilan_n gilan_n and_o bilan_n the_o gilan_n abound_v with_o lege_fw-la silk_n sumachia_n sumachia_n sumachia_n abound_v in_o excellent_a carpet_n whereto_o the_o people_n whole_o addict_v themselves_o arasse_n arasse_n then_o arasse_n the_o most_o eminent_a and_o opulent_a city_n in_o the_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n throughout_o all_o servania_n partly_o by_o the_o abundant_a growth_n of_o silk_n there_o nourish_v and_o hence_o call_v arasse_n vulgar_o ardasse_v 2000_o sum_n yearly_o go_v hence_o to_o aleppo_n in_o syria_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o growth_n thereof_o gall_n cotton_n wool_n allom_n some_o spice_n drug_n and_o sundry_a other_o commodity_n so_o that_o to_o make_v this_o place_n the_o happy_a scale_n of_o merchandise_n nature_n have_v play_v heâ—_n part_n there_o want_v only_a peace_n between_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n and_o turkey_n which_o at_o present_a be_v deny_v they_o the_o further_a manner_n of_o trade_n of_o that_o place_n i_o be_o constrain_v for_o want_v of_o due_a information_n to_o omit_v and_o refer_v what_o i_o have_v thereof_o collect_v to_o persia_n chap._n lxxv_o of_o persia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o persia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o persia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n indus_n on_o the_o west_n with_o tigris_n and_o the_o persian_a gulf_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o the_o river_n oxus_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o main_a ocean_n the_o people_n be_v much_o addict_v to_o hospitality_n and_o poetry_n in_o their_o compliment_n lordly_a in_o their_o apparel_n fantastical_a in_o their_o expense_n magnificent_a and_o in_o their_o life_n lover_n of_o learning_n nobility_n and_o peace_n this_o empire_n contain_v these_o several_a province_n 1_o persis_n 2_o susiana_n 3_o caramania_n 4_o gedrosia_n 5_o drangiania_n 6_o arica_n 7_o arachosia_n 8_o parapomisus_n 9_o saccha_fw-la 10_o hyrcania_n 11_o ormus_n of_o all_o which_o in_o brief_a and_o no_o further_a than_o may_v concern_v my_o present_a purpose_n far._n persis_n far._n in_o persis_n now_o call_v far_o have_v the_o gulf_n of_o persia_n to_o the_o south_n limit_n caramania_n for_o the_o east_n susiana_n for_o the_o west_n and_o media_n for_o the_o north_n be_v seat_v persepolis_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o this_o empire_n
which_o alexander_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o courtesan_n lady_n command_v to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n but_o afterward_o repent_v he_o of_o so_o great_a a_o folly_n and_o so_o unworthy_a a_o act_n he_o re-edify_v it_o though_o yet_o now_o have_v lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a beauty_n and_o give_v place_n to_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o casbin_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o present_a sophy_n bring_v hither_o from_o tauris_n by_o sophie_n tamas_n persia_n commodity_n of_o persia_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n be_v in_o general_n find_v to_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v silk_n of_o all_o sort_n raw_a grow_v plentiful_o in_o 1_o bilan_n 2_o gilan_n 3_o arras_n some_o precious_a stone_n many_o sort_n of_o drug_n wrought_v silk_n chamlet_n carpet_n sash_n callico_n and_o many_o excellent_a arm_n use_v in_o war_n both_o for_o horse_n and_o man_n which_o be_v here_o so_o well_o temper_v in_o the_o frame_n and_o make_v with_o some_o virtuous_a simple_n that_o it_o make_v it_o both_o hard_a and_o excellent_a for_o use_v and_o preserve_v the_o same_o clean_a from_o any_o rust_n or_o perish_v chap._n lxxvi_o of_o casbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o casbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o casbin_n be_v now_o account_v the_o metropolis_n of_o persia_n and_o sometime_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o sophy_n hither_o remove_v from_o tauris_n as_o i_o say_v before_o it_o be_v account_v a_o day_n journey_n about_o on_o horseback_n well_o wall_v and_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a fort_n and_o beautify_v with_o two_o fair_a seraglio_n the_o wall_n whereof_o be_v make_v of_o red_a marble_n and_o pave_v with_o mosaique_a work_n the_o chief_a street_n hereof_o be_v call_v the_o attimidan_n in_o figure_n foursquare_a each_o angle_n be_v ¼_n mile_n in_o length_n encompass_v with_o scaffold_n for_o the_o people_n to_o sit_v and_o behold_v the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n at_o their_o exercise_n of_o shoot_v ride_a run_a and_o the_o like_a this_o city_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o goodly_a fertile_a plain_n of_o three_o or_o four_o day_n journey_n in_o length_n which_o be_v furnish_v with_o near_o two_o thousand_o village_n to_o supply_v the_o necessary_a use_n thereof_o which_o do_v much_o enrich_v this_o place_n before_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o persian_n court_n to_o hispahan_n which_o be_v fourteen_o day_n journey_n further_o into_o the_o east_n casbin_n three_o excellency_n in_o casbin_n three_o place_n herein_o do_v much_o adorn_v and_o beautify_v this_o place_n first_o the_o attimidan_n aforesaid_a second_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o be_v so_o brave_a a_o fabric_n and_o so_o rich_o furnish_v that_o europe_n can_v hardly_o match_v it_o and_o last_o the_o bassar_n which_o be_v many_o in_o number_n which_o be_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o pawn_n in_o london_n where_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v all_o manner_n of_o persia_n india_n turkey_n moscovian_a and_o arabia_n commodity_n casbin_n commodity_n of_o casbin_n as_o all_o rich_a gem_n jewel_n drug_n spice_n silk_n wrought_v in_o damask_n velvet_n and_o raw_a transport_v into_o other_o country_n the_o attimidan_n serve_v the_o merchant_n for_o a_o exchange_n or_o place_n of_o meeting_n where_o every_o day_n be_v see_v a_o continual_a fair_a where_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n be_v sell_v both_o for_o back_n and_o belly_n also_o goldsmith_n exchanger_n of_o money_n and_o all_o other_o profession_n who_o come_v hither_o and_o display_v their_o commodity_n as_o to_o some_o public_a mart._n and_o the_o money_n and_o current_a coin_n here_o passable_a among_o merchant_n i_o refer_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o persia_n hispahan_n the_o present_a residence_n of_o the_o persian_a monarch_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o do_v also_o agree_v therewith_o so_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o enlarge_v myself_o further_o in_o that_o particular_a chap._n lxxvii_o of_o balsara_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o balsara_fw-it and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o balsara_n lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n euphrates_n serve_v as_o a_o magazine_n for_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o arabia_n india_n turkey_n and_o persia_n and_o as_o a_o thoroughfare_n for_o all_o merchant_n travel_v from_o one_o of_o those_o country_n to_o another_o but_o especial_o for_o such_o as_o here_o take_v ship_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o ormus_n india_n arabia_n etc._n etc._n this_o town_n be_v of_o late_a year_n subject_a to_o the_o persian_a but_o now_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o be_v the_o last_o of_o his_o dominion_n this_o way_n and_o here_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o water_n do_v ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o with_o we_o in_o england_n and_o in_o no_o place_n else_o adjoin_v upon_o the_o ocean_n sea_n the_o indraught_n may_v be_v imagine_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o like_a in_o venice_n it_o have_v be_v note_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n here_o that_o there_o be_v pay_v for_o every_o sum_n of_o good_n carry_v from_o bagdate_n hither_o by_o water_n six_o sehid_n and_o from_o balsara_n to_o bagdate_v two_o medins_n per_fw-la wesnoe_n and_o 100_o wesnoe_n from_o balsara_n to_o ormus_n cost_n carriage_n 20_o lairin_n and_o the_o like_a back_n from_o ormus_n to_o balsara_n hither_o always_o come_v the_o syria_n caravan_n that_o be_v bind_v for_o india_n and_o end_v their_o land-travel_n and_o embark_v themselves_o and_o good_n for_o the_o great_a mart_n of_o ormus_n and_o cambaia_n and_o here_o return_v they_o conclude_v their_o sea-navigation_n and_o begin_v their_o land-peregrination_n for_o turkey_n etc._n etc._n balsara_n custom_n pay_v at_o balsara_n the_o custom_n payable_a at_o balsara_n as_o the_o last_o port_n of_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n who_o conquer_v the_o same_o from_o the_o persian_n in_o anno_fw-la 1550_o be_v 1_o in_o every_o 14_o sehid_n for_o gross_a commodity_n but_o it_o be_v 1_o per_fw-la 20_o or_o 5_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o clothes_n silk_n and_o fine_a good_n but_o here_o be_v a_o tare_n of_o 3_o in_o 10_o wesnoe_n allow_v both_o in_o spice_n drug_n etc._n etc._n for_o dust_n and_o upon_o silk_n for_o waste_v head_n and_o the_o like_a balsara_n price_n of_o commodity_n in_o balsara_n the_o price_n of_o commodity_n rule_v some_o year_n pass_v thus_o here_o the_o wesno_n of_o mace_n be_v worth_a in_o balsara_n 13_o ducat_n the_o wesno_n of_o nutmeg_n be_v worth_a 6_o ducat_n the_o wesno_n of_o soap_n be_v worth_a 15_o sehid_n the_o wesno_n of_o almond_n be_v 24_o sehid_n the_o wesno_n of_o gall_n be_v worth_a 10_o larin_n and_o for_o this_o weight_n of_o wesno_n it_o be_v find_v that_o 16_o wesnoe_n of_o balsara_n make_v a_o kintar_n of_o aleppo_n common_a weight_n but_o the_o 100_o wesnoe_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o silk_n of_o rotol_n 680_o d_z in_o aleppo_n make_v silk_n rot._n 529_o d_v 28._o balsara_n weight_n use_v in_o balsara_n the_o weight_n common_a here_o in_o the_o sale_n of_o commodity_n beside_o this_o wesno_n be_v the_o maund_v which_o be_v 100_o rotolo_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v make_v 500_o l._n english_a which_o be_v 5_o l._n a_o rotolo_n but_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o observation_n on_o this_o place_n make_v by_o some_o english_a that_o have_v travel_v hither_o that_o the_o 112_o l._n have_v make_v 19_o maunds_z 2¼_n rotolo_n which_o must_v be_v 5_o l._n 4¼_n ounce_n english_a the_o difference_n i_o refer_v to_o be_v rectify_v by_o the_o better_o experience_v cusâ—stan_n measure_n of_o balsara_n cusâ—stan_n their_o measure_n be_v find_v to_o be_v about_o 26_o inch_n english_a to_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o province_n in_o persia_n it_o be_v cusestan_n situate_v eastward_o from_o persia_n call_v in_o scripture_n havilah_n have_v in_o it_o susa_n a_o city_n where_o sometime_o the_o persian_a monarch_n abide_v in_o winter_n as_o be_v more_o southerly_a than_o echatana_n and_o last_o casan_n of_o which_o a_o word_n chap._n lxxviii_o of_o casan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o casan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o casan_n be_v a_o principal_a fair_a and_o famous_a city_n in_o this_o country_n but_o much_o trouble_v with_o excessive_a heat_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o situation_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o large_a plain_n it_o consist_v altogether_o of_o merchandize_v and_o the_o great_a trade_n of_o all_o the_o inland_a country_n be_v find_v herein_o and_o most_o especial_o frequent_v by_o indian_a merchant_n casan_n commodity_n of_o casan_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v in_o general_n addict_v to_o all_o curious_a manufacture_n and_o fabric_n as_o in_o weave_v of_o sash_n turban_n and_o girdlas_o in_o make_v also_o of_o velvet_n satin_n damask_n curious_a and_o fine_a ormusius_n and_o carpet_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v account_v the_o very_a magazine_n of_o all_o the_o
in_o the_o sea_n near_o there_o adjoin_v which_o they_o also_o keep_v in_o cistern_n for_o their_o use_n as_o be_v accustom_v in_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n in_o jar_n or_o as_o they_o term_v they_o in_o tenajos_n at_o the_o last_o reduction_n of_o this_o town_n to_o the_o sceptre_n of_o persia_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o english_a they_o have_v many_o immunity_n of_o trade_n grant_v they_o and_o to_o be_v here_o free_a of_o all_o custom_n and_o withal_o to_o draw_v the_o one_o half_a of_o all_o the_o custom_n thereof_o but_o that_o good_a service_n be_v soon_o forget_v and_o they_o have_v now_o only_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o good_a service_n for_o their_o pain_n and_o reward_n and_o nothing_o else_o gombrone_n jasques_n gombrone_n to_o this_o city_n and_o island_n i_o must_v add_v the_o two_o only_a seaport_n of_o consequence_n on_o this_o coast_n appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o persia_n which_o be_v jasque_n and_o gombrone_n in_o which_o the_o english_a have_v their_o factory_n and_o residence_n and_o be_v the_o place_n where_o their_o ship_n do_v lade_v and_o unlade_v their_o burden_n for_o this_o kingdom_n and_o where_o also_o the_o good_n and_o commodity_n bind_v for_o hispahan_n casbin_n sciras_n casan_n and_o tatiris_n and_o general_o for_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v land_v and_o here_o lade_v upon_o camel_n dromedary_n and_o horse_n into_o those_o place_n and_o because_o that_o i_o find_v that_o the_o coin_n measure_n and_o weight_n of_o this_o place_n do_v somewhat_o differ_v from_o they_o passable_a and_o at_o use_n in_o spahan_n and_o more_o within_o the_o land_n i_o have_v think_v it_o needful_a here_o to_o insert_v the_o same_o according_a as_o i_o have_v gather_v they_o from_o those_o that_o have_v frequent_v the_o place_n abovementioned_a refer_v the_o reader_n for_o what_o be_v here_o omit_v to_o spahan_n itself_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o empire_n in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n ormus_n coin_n current_a in_o gombrone_n and_o jasqu_n and_o ormus_n the_o coin_n then_o here_o in_o use_n and_o valuation_n be_v these_o 1_o bessee_n of_o copper_n be_v 4_o cosbeg_n 1_o shahee_n of_o silver_n be_v 2½_n bessee_n which_o be_v 4_o d._n sterling_n or_o 10_o cosbeg_n 1_o mamothy_n silver_n be_v 2_o shahee_n which_o be_v 8_o d._n stir_v or_o 29_o cosbeg_n 1_o abashee_n of_o silver_n be_v 2_o mamothis_n which_o be_v 16_o d._n stir_v or_o 40_o cosbeg_n 1_o asar_n of_o gold_n be_v 20_o shahee_n or_o 6_o shil_n 8_o d._n sterling_n 1_o toman_n of_o gold_n be_v 10_o asars_n which_o be_v 66_o shil_n 8_o d._n stir_v and_o this_o toman_n be_v account_v 50_o abashce_n or_o 2000_o cosbeg_n these_o be_v the_o general_a coin_n current_a throughout_o persia_n to_o these_o i_o must_v add_v those_o in_o use_n in_o these_o part_n abovemention_v the_o rial_n of_o 8_o â—_o spanish_a be_v here_o a_o commodity_n buy_v and_o sell_v and_o the_o common_a estimation_n thereof_o be_v here_o 130½_n cosbeg_n or_o 13_o shahee_n and_o somewhat_o more_o which_o account_v at_o 4_o d._n per._n shahee_n be_v little_o more_o than_o 4_o shil_fw-la 4_o d_o sterling_n again_o this_o rial_n of_o eight_o pass_v here_o for_o 5¼_n larree_v which_o larree_n be_v 10_o d._n stir_v and_o by_o this_o account_n the_o rial_n of_o â—_o 8_o be_v 4_o shil_n 4½_n d._n sterling_n 1_o larrce_n be_v 5½_n saddees_n each_o saddee_n be_v not_o full_o 2_o d._n stir_v and_o each_o saddee_n account_v here_o for_o 40_o floss_n so_o that_o the_o larree_n be_v here_o 220_o floss_n and_o every_o â„ž_o of_o â—_o 8_o be_v here_o at_o gombrone_n and_o jasques_n 1155_o floss_n jasques_n weight_n of_o ormus_n gombrone_n and_o jasques_n the_o common_a weight_n here_o and_o throughout_o persia_n be_v the_o dram_n 96_o dram_n make_v 16_o ounce_n averdupois_n so_o that_o 6_o dram_n make_v the_o say_a ounce_n and_o 1200_o dram_n be_v a_o maundshaw_n or_o as_o we_o may_v call_v it_o the_o king_n be_v maund_v which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o england_n 12_o ½_n l._n averdupois_n in_o weigh_v of_o silk_n they_o observe_v the_o maund-tauris_n which_o be_v the_o ½_n maundshaw_n or_o 600_o dram_n and_o 5_o maund-tauris_n be_v account_v here_o for_o 1_o maund_v of_o sarrot_n which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v make_v 3000_o dram_n or_o 500_o l._n averdupois_n 36_o maund_v shaw_n or_o 72_o maunds_z tauris_n be_v a_o load_n of_o silk_n which_o be_v by_o the_o say_a calculation_n 43200_o dram_n which_o be_v 7200_o ounce_n english_a make_v silk_n pound_n 300_o l._n averdupois_n which_o be_v about_o two_o coal_n of_o aleppo_n of_o 46_o â—_o â—_o rotolos_n per_fw-la peer_n gombrone_n measure_n of_o ormus_n jasques_n and_o gombrone_n their_o measure_n in_o use_n here_o as_o throughout_o all_o persia_n be_v not_o find_v much_o to_o vary_v they_o have_v in_o general_n two_o which_o they_o term_v the_o coveda_n the_o short_a and_o the_o long_a the_o long_a coveda_n be_v somewhat_o long_o than_o the_o english_a yard_n account_v by_o some_o 37_o inch_n and_o at_o sciras_n and_o in_o some_o other_o city_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 38_o inch_n by_o which_o all_o clothes_n kersey_n and_o outlandish_a monufacture_n be_v sell_v the_o short_a coveda_n be_v proper_a only_a for_o the_o manufacture_n of_o persia_n account_v to_o hold_v out_o 27_o inch_n and_o find_v agreeable_a to_o the_o pico_n use_v in_o constantinople_n and_o aleppo_n and_o thus_o leave_v ormus_n and_o the_o say_a port-town_n of_o jasque_n and_o combrone_n i_o will_v hence_o travel_v to_o parthia_n wherein_o i_o find_v hispahan_n the_o metropolis_n of_o persia_n seat_v parthia_n parthia_n the_o next_o country_n subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o persia_n be_v parthia_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o aria_n on_o the_o west_n with_o media_n on_o the_o south_n with_o caramania_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o hyrcania_n and_o be_v now_o in_o the_o persian_a tongue_n call_v erache_n the_o chief_a city_n that_o be_v find_v in_o this_o tract_n be_v guerde_v irsdie_n and_o last_o hispahan_n former_o hecatomoyle_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o present_a sophy_n and_o account_v of_o that_o bigness_n that_o the_o persian_n hyperbolical_o call_v it_o half_o the_o world_n under_o which_o i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o general_a trade_n of_o persia_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v find_v it_o observe_v chap._n lxxxi_o of_o hispahan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o hispahan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o hispahan_n in_o time_n past_a be_v call_v hecatompolis_n or_o the_o city_n of_o 100_o gate_n which_o name_n it_o may_v well_o still_o retain_v see_v that_o the_o wall_n thereof_o contain_v a_o reasonable_a day_n journey_n on_o horseback_n it_o be_v now_o become_v the_o great_a city_n in_o all_o the_o persian_a dominion_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o populous_a and_o magnisicent_a as_o be_v the_o common_a residence_n of_o the_o persian_a sophy_n it_o be_v strong_a by_o situation_n defend_v by_o a_o high_a wall_n deep_a ditch_n and_o a_o goodly_a castle_n on_o the_o westside_n stand_v two_o stately_a palace_n or_o seraglio_n for_o the_o king_n and_o his_o woman_n far_o exceed_v in_o state_n and_o magnificence_n all_o other_o the_o proud_a building_n of_o this_o city_n the_o wall_n be_v of_o red_a marble_n and_o parget_v with_o divers_a colour_n and_o all_o the_o palace_n be_v pave_v with_o chequer_a and_o fret_a work_n and_o on_o the_o same_o be_v spread_v curious_a carpet_n both_o of_o silk_n and_o gold_n the_o window_n be_v of_o alabaster_n of_o white_a and_o other_o spot_a marble_n the_o post_n and_o wicket_n of_o massy_a ivory_n chequer_a with_o glister_a black_a ebony_n so_o curious_o wrought_v in_o wind_a knot_n as_o may_v easy_o stay_v than_o satisfle_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o wonder_a beholder_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o pleasant_a garden_n wherein_o be_v see_v a_o thousand_o fountain_n brook_n and_o lesser_a rivulet_n and_o also_o what_o may_v else_o be_v want_v to_o make_v it_o fit_a for_o so_o great_a a_o monarch_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n do_v all_o their_o affair_n on_o horseback_n both_o public_a and_o private_a go_v from_o place_n to_o place_n they_o confer_v one_o with_o another_o on_o horseback_n and_o so_o do_v the_o merchant_n buy_v and_o fell_a and_o negotiate_v the_o difference_n here_o between_o the_o gentleman_n and_o the_o slave_n be_v that_o the_o slave_n never_o ride_v nor_o the_o gentleman_n never_o go_v on_o foot_n it_o be_v not_o questionable_a but_o that_o this_o city_n the_o splendour_n of_o all_o persia_n the_o continual_a residence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o inhabit_v by_o so_o many_o eminent_a person_n as_o always_o attend_v this_o monarch_n but_o that_o it_o be_v of_o great_a trade_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o furnish_v not_o only_o with_o all_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o
be_v the_o same_o as_o be_v current_a throughout_o turkey_n save_v that_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o tartary_n and_o muscovia_n make_v the_o coin_n of_o those_o place_n and_o kingdom_n likewise_o pass_v current_n there_o as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o all_o frontier_n town_n which_o border_n upon_o two_o nation_n and_o that_o be_v either_o free_a of_o themselves_o or_o subject_n to_o other_o therefore_o for_o the_o same_o i_o will_v reset_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o coin_n current_a in_o those_o border_a country_n caffa_n the_o weight_n of_o caffa_n their_o weight_n be_v a_o rotolo_n 100_o whereof_o make_v a_o cantar_n which_o answer_v in_o averdupois_n weight_n to_o 70_o l._n english_a which_o say_v cantar_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a division_n according_a to_o the_o commodity_n buy_v or_o sell_v thereby_o as_o sometime_o to_o batmas_n account_v 7½_n batmas_n to_o a_o cantar_n and_o 12_o rotolo_n to_z a_o batma_n and_o then_o a_o cantar_n be_v but_o 90_o rotolo_n and_o sometime_o to_o somma_n and_o saggy_n as_o 124_o saggy_n make_v a_o summa_fw-it and_o ten_o somma_n make_v a_o cantar_n of_o 100_o rotolo_n abovesaid_a and_o silk_n be_v sell_v by_o this_o summa_fw-it and_o 20_o somma_n to_o a_o draught_n which_o be_v 2_o cantars_n and_o be_v english_a about_o 140_o l._n and_o in_o venetia_n sotile_a weight_n 112_o l._n circa_fw-la caffa_n the_o measure_n of_o caffa_n their_o measure_n so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v be_v but_o one_o which_o be_v the_o pico_n the_o 100_o whereof_o make_v in_o venetia_n by_o trial_n of_o a_o friend_n silk_n brace_n 130_o and_o this_o pico_n be_v divide_v into_o 8_o rup_n as_o at_o constantinople_n caffa_n account_n in_o caffa_n they_o have_v also_o a_o coin_n which_o be_v call_v a_o summa_fw-it in_o which_o their_o account_n be_v keep_v and_o to_o which_o other_o coin_n current_a be_v reduce_v and_o the_o same_o be_v divide_v to_o saggis_n which_o they_o account_v by_o 45_o saggis_n to_o a_o summa_fw-it and_o 4_o sum_n to_o a_o soltany_n or_o chequin_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o the_o trade_n of_o caffa_n chap._n lxxxv_o of_o astracan_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o astracan_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o astracan_a be_v in_o tartary_n asiatica_fw-la as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o seat_v in_o the_o emboshure_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n have_v 70_o month_n and_o receive_v the_o trade_n of_o all_o the_o caspian-sea_n into_o which_o the_o say_a river_n enter_v it_o have_v a_o very_a great_a confluence_n of_o merchant_n who_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o that_o sea_n have_v here_o a_o very_a great_a trade_n volga_n bring_v it_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o muscovia_n russia_n and_o tartary_n and_o this_o sea_n the_o commodity_n of_o persia_n arabia_n and_o other_o province_n abut_a thereupon_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o a_o island_n of_o 12_o league_n compass_v defend_v by_o a_o wooden_a castle_n and_o earthen_a wall_n take_v by_o the_o muscovite_n in_o anno_fw-la 1552._o from_o the_o tartarian_n it_o be_v all_o winter_n shut_v up_o by_o the_o immeasurable_a cold_a and_o all_o traffic_n over_o and_o upon_o this_o great_a stream_n be_v perform_v on_o dry_a foot_n the_o coin_n here_o current_a by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v astracan_a the_o weight_n of_o astracan_a their_o weight_n be_v here_o two_o a_o gross_a for_o gross_a commodity_n and_o a_o sotile_a for_o fine_a commodity_n the_o gross_a catarrh_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v in_o england_n yield_v 268_o l._n the_o small_a cantar_n have_v make_v english_a 103_o l._n now_o in_o both_o these_o cantars_n there_n be_v account_v 20_o rotolo_n to_o a_o lib_n and_o 5_o lib_n to_o a_o cantar_n and_o 12_o tochat_n to_o a_o rotolo_n which_o by_o the_o ingenious_a may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o sotile_a english_a pound_n therefore_o i_o pass_v it_o over_o and_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o the_o measuras_fw-la astracan_a measure_n of_o astracan_a the_o common_a measure_n be_v a_o pico_n and_o the_o 100_o thereof_o have_v make_v by_o observation_n in_o venetia_n 126_o brace_n of_o cloth_n measure_n which_o be_v in_o england_n about_o inch_n wine_n corn_n and_o wine_n corn_n and_o all_o other_o grain_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o chistetto_n which_o in_o venetia_n come_v to_o make_v 8½_n staios_n wine_n and_o liquid_a commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o butt_n which_o be_v 46_o mistaty_n and_o which_o also_o render_v in_o venetia_n 3¼_n bigonso_n asiatica_fw-la tartary_n asiatica_fw-la in_o tartary_n asiatica_fw-la there_o be_v few_o city_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o border_n or_o tribe_n travel_v with_o their_o substance_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o yet_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v find_v casan_n and_o astracan_a afore-named_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a town_n of_o commerce_n consider_v these_o region_n commodious_o seat_v as_o i_o say_v before_o on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n by_o which_o there_o be_v a_o passage_n sound_a from_o the_o caspian-sea_n in_o some_o season_n of_o the_o year_n up_o to_o moscow_n and_o by_o which_o way_n as_o i_o note_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o persia_n some_o merchant_n of_o christendom_n more_o than_o once_o intend_v to_o transport_v the_o silk_n and_o other_o the_o riches_n of_o persia_n to_o muscovia_n and_o so_o to_o europe_n but_o the_o design_n prove_v dangerous_a and_o chargeable_a by_o reason_n of_o such_o potent_a prince_n that_o border_n upon_o that_o river_n and_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o same_o must_v pass_v against_o the_o current_a stream_n which_o in_o winter_n be_v not_o find_v passable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o frost_n by_o which_o and_o other_o discouragement_n the_o design_n be_v give_v over_o and_o fall_v to_o nothing_o antiqua_fw-la tartary_n antiqua_fw-la in_o tartary_n antiqua_fw-la i_o find_v not_o any_o thing_n worthy_a of_o note_n nor_o yet_o city_n of_o import_n the_o inhabitant_n live_v like_o vagabond_n rhubarb_n rhubarb_n only_o it_o afford_v rhubarb_n which_o be_v so_o excellent_a in_o physic_n by_o its_o proper_a nature_n that_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v behold_v to_o these_o barbarian_n for_o the_o same_o as_o a_o cure_n for_o many_o disease_n chap._n lxxxvi_o of_o zagathai_n and_o cathai_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o zagachai_n zagachai_n zagathai_n contain_v sundry_a province_n and_o but_o few_o city_n sarmacand_n sarmacand_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v sarmacand_v which_o give_v both_o cradle_n and_o grave_a to_o mighty_a tamburlaine_n from_o who_o the_o great_a mogul_n boast_v themselves_o to_o be_v lineal_o descend_v cathai_n cathai_n but_o cathai_n be_v esteem_v the_o rich_a and_o civil_a kingdom_n of_o all_o tartary_n the_o which_o be_v furnish_v with_o sundry_a great_a and_o populous_a city_n cambalu_n cambalu_n especial_o cambalu_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n and_o where_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n be_v find_v to_o reside_v and_o traffic_n to_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o cathai_n commodity_n of_o cathai_n this_o country_n be_v find_v to_o abound_v with_o rice_n grain_n wool_n hemp_n rhuharb_n coral_n and_o abundance_n of_o silk_n both_o grow_a and_o bring_v hither_o from_o china_n and_o other_o country_n amount_v to_o two_o thousand_o cart_n yearly_a the_o city_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v 30_o mile_n about_o in_o compass_n and_o be_v replenish_v with_o all_o artsman_n astrologer_n be_v here_o in_o great_a reputation_n which_o may_v consider_v their_o number_n find_v here_o be_v as_o some_o write_v 5000_o be_v more_o proper_o term_v fortune-teller_n or_o gypsy_n but_o these_o country_n resemble_v in_o custom_n the_o muscovite_n and_o chinois_n none_o be_v permit_v to_o search_v into_o their_o city_n and_o manner_n except_o they_o come_v either_o as_o ambassador_n or_o merchant_n yet_o what_o i_o have_v gather_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n i_o will_v include_v under_o the_o title_n of_o cambalu_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o empire_n chap._n lxxxvii_o of_o cambalu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o cambalu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cambalu_n the_o metropolis_n of_o cathai_n as_o sarmacand_n be_v of_o zagathai_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o north-east_n border_v of_o this_o country_n contain_v both_o the_o old_a and_o new_a city_n through_o which_o do_v run_v the_o famous_a river_n of_o polisanga_n it_o be_v account_v 28_o mile_n in_o compass_n or_o rather_o in_o square_a each_o angle_n contain_v 7_o mile_n and_o in_o every_o square_n be_v place_v three_o principal_a gate_n which_o enclose_v the_o town_n with_o earthen_a wall_n or_o rampire_n of_o 10_o pace_n in_o thickness_n and_o every_o gate_n comprehend_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n and_o every_o angle_n have_v also_o a_o excellent_a palace_n where_o the_o armour_n of_o the_o garrison_n soldier_n be_v keep_v which_o be_v 1000_o soldier_n at_o every_o gate_n the_o building_n be_v
manner_n and_o form_n of_o government_n hinder_v all_o further_a particular_a knowledge_n of_o trade_n to_o our_o european_a merchant_n therefore_o leave_v thus_o this_o empire_n and_o city_n content_v with_o this_o short_a survey_n i_o proceed_v to_o india_n of_o late_a year_n become_v somewhat_o better_o know_v to_o europe_n and_o to_o our_o nation_n chap._n lxxxviii_o of_o india_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o east-india_n be_v common_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n viz._n the_o one_o be_v india_n within_o ganges_n or_o that_o part_n thereof_o which_o lie_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o river_n of_o ganges_n which_o contain_v 15_o province_n 1._o dulsinda_n 2._o pendab_n 3._o mandao_n 4._o del_o 5._o agra_n 6._o sanga_n 7._o cambaia_n 8._o decon_n 9_o canara_n 10._o malabar_n 11._o narsinga_n 12._o oristan_n 13_o botant_a 14._o patanaw_fw-mi 15._o bengala_n in_o which_o be_v place_n of_o note_n 1._o caximir_n cascimir_n or_o chusmur_n 2._o roree_n 3._o nigara_n 4._o seftan_n 5._o multan_n 6._o duckee_n 1._o labour_n 2._o saltan-paure_a 3._o athee_fw-mi 1._o mandac_n 2._o molton_n 3._o scernus_fw-la polymbothy_n 1._o del_o 2._o tremel_n 3._o doceti_n 1._o fatapore_n 2._o agra_n 3._o hendee_n 4._o biani_fw-la 1._o azmere_n 2._o citor_n the_o province_n of_o 1._o sinda_n in_o which_o be_v find_v 1._o tata_n 2._o lawribander_n 3._o calwalla_n 4._o r._n redempore_o 5._o nuraquemire_n 2._o guzarat_n in_o which_o be_v find_v 1._o diu_n 2._o sauran_n 3._o boldra_n 4._o ardovat_n 5._o madabat_fw-la 6._o saringa_n 7._o periano_n 8._o sarkeff_n 3._o cambaia_n in_o which_o be_v 1._o cambaio_n 2._o barocho_fw-es 3._o swalley_n 4._o surat_n 5._o neriand_n 6._o doman_n 7._o campanel_n 8._o dacaiotote_fw-la 9_o netherby_n 10._o bandore_n 11._o tanai_n in_o which_o be_v place_n of_o note_n 1._o bidoe_v 2._o visapore_n 3._o danagar_n 4._o decan_n 5._o syntacora_n 6._o goa_n 7._o shall_fw-mi 8._o balagnate_n 9_o brampore_o 10._o sara_n 1._o melinda_n 2._o onor_n 3._o baticalia_n 4._o mangalor_n 5._o mayendre_fw-fr 6._o lispor_fw-la 7._o solsettee_n be_v divide_v into_o seven_o province_n viz._n 1._o cononor_n 2._o calicut_n 3._o cranganor_n 4._o cochin_n 5._o cai-colam_a 6._o conlax_n 7._o travancor_n where_o be_v 1._o the_o city_n of_o cononor_n 2._o cata_n 3._o peripatan_n 4._o marabia_n 5._o tramopatan_n 6._o main_fw-fr 1._o pandarane_n 2._o tanor_n 3_o partangale_n 4._o chatua_n 5._o chale_n 6._o capacote_n 7._o calicut_n 1._o cranganor_n a_o city_n of_o that_o name_n 1._o augmale_a 2._o cochin_n 1_o caia-colam_a the_o chief_a town_n 1_o the_o city_n of_o coulan_n 1_o travancer_n the_o chief_a city_n 2._o qualicare_fw-la in_o which_o be_v of_o note_n 1._o cael_n 2._o golconda_n 3._o chamdagrin_n 4._o prepeti_fw-la 5._o chahambaram_n 6._o madura_n 7._o gingi_n 8._o tanaor_n 9_o moliapur_v 10._o choromandel_n 11._o casta_n 12._o negapatan_n 13._o tarnassari_n 14._o bisnagar_fw-mi 15._o penegardo_fw-it 16._o narsinga_n the_o chief_a city_n 1._o oristan_n 2._o cateoba_fw-la 3._o angeli_fw-la 4._o bacalli_n 5._o sinnergan_n 6._o senerpate_v 1._o bottia_n 2._o clamur_fw-la 3._o kucare_n 4._o couch_v 5._o gouren_n 6._o rame_n 7._o recan_n 8._o tripura_fw-la 1._o patane_n 2._o banaras_n 3._o siripur_v 4._o ciandecan_n 1._o bengala_n the_o city_n 2._o gouro_n 3._o catigan_n 4._o taxdâ—_n 5._o porow_a crande_n 6._o poror_fw-la pequeno_n 2._o the_o island_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n be_v the_o other_o be_v india_n without_o ganges_n or_o that_o part_n thereof_o which_o lie_v on_o the_o east-side_n the_o river_n of_o ganges_n which_o contain_v six_o province_n 1._o brama_n 2._o couchin-china_n 3._o cambaia_n 4._o jangoma_n 5._o siam_n 6._o pegu._n where_o be_v place_n of_o note_n 1._o melintay_v 2._o miranda_n 3._o bacan_a 4._o cavilan_n 5._o proâ—…_n 6._o tangu_n 7._o ana_n 8._o brema_fw-la 1._o the_o city_n of_o couchin-china_n 1._o campa_n 2._o cambaia_n 3._o gudurmuch_o 4._o coul._n in_o which_o be_v the_o province_n 1._o jangoma_fw-it 2_o lonea_n 3._o curroy_n in_o which_o be_v 1._o the_o kingdom_n of_o malaca_n where_o be_v the_o city_n of_o 1._o malaca_n sincapura_n 3._o polazimbilam_n 2._o jor_a alius_fw-la johor_n a_o city_n so_o call_v in_o that_o kingdom_n 3._o kingdom_n be_v patana_n where_o be_v the_o city_n of_o patane_n 4._o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n where_o be_v 1._o socotai_o 2_o quedoa_n 3._o tana_n 4._o lugar_n 5._o calantam_o 6._o siam_n 5._o the_o kingdom_n of_o mountay_n where_o be_v the_o city_n of_o odia_fw-la alius_fw-la udie_n be_v divide_v into_o five_o kingdom_n viz._n 1._o verma_n the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o be_v verma_n 2._o machin_n the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o so_o call_v 3_o orachan_n the_o chief_a town_n therein_o be_v 1._o dianga_n 2._o sundina_fw-la 3._o arachan_n 4._o martuan_n the_o principal_a city_n therein_o so_o call_v 5._o pegu_n in_o which_o be_v 1._o cosmi_fw-la 2._o jocabel_n 3._o diun_n 4._o coilan_n 5._o lanagon_n 6._o dala_n 7._o siluamp_v 8._o mecao_n 9_o siriangh_n 10._o pegu_n the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o india_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o india_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o china_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n indus_n on_o the_o north_n with_o tartary_n abovementioned_a on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o ocean_n take_v his_o name_n of_o indus_n a_o famous_a river_n here_o run_v 1000_o mile_n ere_o it_o meet_v the_o ocean_n it_o lay_v after_o the_o conquest_n thereof_o by_o alexander_n the_o great_a for_o many_o year_n undiscovered_a the_o merchant_n only_o thereof_o be_v find_v to_o bring_v their_o native_a commodity_n to_o sarmacand_n and_o cambalu_n aforemention_v to_o exchange_v against_o such_o commodity_n as_o those_o country_n afford_v as_o to_o the_o common_a empory_n and_o likewise_o to_o ormus_n where_o they_o provide_v themselves_o of_o all_o egyptian_a and_o arabian_a commodity_n by_o which_o mean_v knowledge_n be_v get_v of_o their_o country_n but_o the_o great_a worth_n and_o wealth_n thereof_o be_v not_o full_o know_v and_o discover_v to_o we_o till_o of_o late_a year_n by_o the_o navigation_n first_o of_o the_o portugal_n then_o of_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a this_o country_n become_v better_o survey_v india_n commodity_n of_o india_n find_v that_o the_o same_o afford_v and_o abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o mineral_n lead_n and_o copper_n only_o except_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n horse_n except_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o precious_a stone_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o spice_n some_o drug_n and_o other_o commodity_n as_o in_o their_o particular_a province_n shall_v be_v more_o particular_o remember_v ganges_n ganges_n the_o famous_a river_n ganges_n run_v through_o this_o country_n to_o which_o the_o indian_n go_v in_o pilgrimage_n as_o if_o the_o water_n wash_v in_o or_o drink_v can_v bring_v salvation_n to_o they_o this_o divide_v india_n into_o two_o part_n call_v india_n intra_fw-la gangem_fw-la and_o india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la both_o which_o include_v many_o large_a province_n and_o kingdom_n and_o first_o india_n intra_fw-la gangem_fw-la have_v nine_o principal_a kingdom_n which_o i_o will_v brief_o follow_v some_o author_n opinion_n pass_v cursory_o through_o narsinga_n 1._o narsinga_n first_o narsinga_n the_o chief_a city_n maleap_a or_o st._n thomas_n where_o they_o hold_v the_o body_n of_o this_o apostle_n be_v burn_v though_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v his_o body_n be_v find_v under_o i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o fathom_n of_o ground_n in_o calamana_n by_o devout_a friar_n that_o after_o the_o religious_a receipt_n of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o their_o wafer-god_n dig_v for_o he_o and_o find_v it_o vide_fw-la mafe_n jesuit_n malavar_n 2._o malavar_n the_o second_o be_v malavar_n conanor_n 3._o ballasia_n conanor_n and_o the_o three_o ballasia_n in_o which_o be_v find_v three_o famous_a mart-town_n cochin_n and_o calicute_n and_o conanor_n the_o last_o have_v a_o large_a and_o safe_a haven_n commodious_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o these_o country_n distant_a from_o calicute_n 30_o mile_n and_o calicute_n distant_a from_o cochin_n 80_o mile_n calicute_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n be_v here_o a_o famous_a mart_n and_o extend_v itself_o for_o three_o mile_n all_o along_o the_o shore_n principal_o afford_v to_o christendom_n that_o sort_n of_o pepper_n take_v its_o name_n hence_o of_o calicute_n pepper_n also_o calico_n cloth_n and_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o pepper_n of_o the_o name_n of_o this_o country_n of_o malavar_n cambaia_n 4._o cambaia_n the_o four_o be_v cambaia_n a_o famous_a kingdom_n very_o rich_a and_o populous_a the_o chief_a city_n be_v also_o of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o one_o of_o the_o rich_a of_o these_o country_n contain_v 800000_o person_n mandao_n 5._o mandao_n the_o five_o be_v mandao_n wherein_o be_v the_o city_n of_o mandao_n be_v 30_o mile_n in_o compass_n which_o hold_v out_o a_o siege_n of_o 12_o year_n against_o the_o mogul_n who_o be_v king_n hereof_o as_o
therein_o be_v find_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n as_o turk_n persian_n arabian_n armenian_n and_o other_o of_o sundry_a country_n and_o because_o of_o the_o continual_a traffic_n thereof_o it_o be_v account_v the_o best_a and_o most_o profitable_a revenue_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v in_o all_o india_n for_o that_o the_o banian_o gusurate_n rumo_n and_o persian_n which_o traffic_n in_o cambaia_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o red-sea_n and_o mecca_n do_v both_o discharge_v their_o ware_n and_o take_v in_o their_o lade_n here_o at_o diu_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodious_a situation_n thereof_o as_o lie_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o cambaia_n and_o from_o diu_n it_o be_v ship_v and_o send_v to_o cambaia_n and_o so_o bring_v back_o again_o to_o diu._n coast_n commodity_n of_o diu_n and_o that_o coast_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o place_n and_o this_o coast_n be_v first_o fine_a cotton-linen_n of_o sundry_a sort_n which_o they_o call_v jorim_n sluyer_n and_o lamparad_n and_o which_o we_o call_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o calico_n also_o cocos_fw-la oil_n india_n nut_n butter_n pitch_n tar_n sugar_n candy_v iron_n good_a store_n and_o most_o excellent_a and_o fair_a leather_n which_o be_v artificial_o wrought_v with_o silk_n of_o all_o colour_n both_o flower_n and_o personage_n and_o which_o be_v in_o india_n much_o esteem_v to_o lay_v upon_o bed_n and_o table_n instead_o of_o carpet_n and_o coverlet_n they_o make_v also_o here_o all_o sort_n of_o curious_a dsek_n cupboard_n chest_n box_n standish_v and_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a device_n in_o wood_n guild_v with_o variety_n of_o colour_n wrought_v with_o imagery_n and_o mother_n of_o pearl_n which_o be_v carry_v hence_o throughout_o all_o india_n but_o especial_o to_o goa_n and_o cochin_n against_o the_o time_n that_o the_o portugal_n ship_n come_v thither_o to_o take_v in_o their_o lade_n to_o go_v homeward_o other_o observation_n of_o the_o further_a trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o refer_v to_o goa_n the_o metropolis_n of_o india_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o portugal_n to_o which_o all_o the_o other_o fort_n possess_v by_o the_o portugal_n in_o some_o sort_n have_v a_o reference_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o trade_n chap._n xc_o of_o cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cambaia_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o call_v be_v a_o fair_a and_o large_a city_n and_o contain_v some_o year_n past_o 800000_o person_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o famous_a river_n indus_n and_o there_o the_o river_n enlarge_v itself_o to_o a_o great_a breadth_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o vacas_n have_v the_o island_n of_o diu_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o city_n of_o deman_n and_o surrat_n on_o the_o other_o it_o be_v absolute_o the_o great_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o these_o part_n and_o therein_o be_v a_o factory_a seat_v for_o the_o traffic_n in_o these_o country_n of_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a east-india_n company_n here_o be_v also_o find_v a_o great_a concurrency_n of_o merchant_n as_o well_o of_o christian_n as_o of_o persian_n arabian_n and_o armenian_n but_o the_o native_n which_o be_v call_v the_o gusurate_n and_o banian_o be_v esteem_v the_o great_a and_o most_o politic_a merchant_n of_o all_o india_n and_o hold_v in_o subtlety_n equal_a with_o any_o nation_n under_o the_o sun_n cambaia_n commodity_n of_o cambaia_n the_o commodity_n for_o traffic_n that_o this_o country_n either_o natural_o afford_v or_o be_v artificial_o here_o fabricate_v be_v corn_n rice_n and_o such_o grain_n butter_n and_o oil_n wherewith_o for_o their_o abundance_n they_o furnish_v all_o the_o country_n round_a about_o they_o also_o great_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n linen_n be_v here_o make_v which_o we_o term_v calico_n of_o all_o sort_n call_v by_o they_o canequin_n boffetta_n jarin_n cantares_fw-la and_o other_o of_o sundry_a kind_n of_o make_v from_o the_o very_o coarse_a wherewith_o they_o make_v their_o sail_n for_o ship_n to_o the_o fine_a which_o be_v by_o we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o callico_n lawn_n also_o here_o be_v make_v sundry_a fine_a carpet_n call_v alcatiffe_n and_o banquy_n also_o many_o sort_n of_o coverlet_n call_v codorin_n also_o many_o manufacture_n of_o wood_n carve_v and_o embellish_v some_o with_o mother_n of_o pearl_n and_o some_o with_o silver_n and_o such_o like_a also_o here_o be_v find_v sundry_a sort_n of_o precious_a stone_n as_o spinal_n ruby_n granad_n jacinth_n amethyst_n chrysolite_n amber_n agat_n jaspe_n also_o sundry_a drug_n as_o opium_n camphora_n bangue_n and_o sandalwood_n sugar_n and_o last_o and_o principal_o anil_n or_o indigo_n be_v here_o grow_v prepare_v and_o make_v ready_a and_o from_o hence_o carry_v throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o principal_a place_n in_o this_o country_n afford_v the_o same_o be_v bianny_n fetterbarre_n sherkis_n lahore_n and_o other_o place_n thereabouts_o thereof_o surrat_n and_o baroche_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o to_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o famous_a port_n of_o surrat_n and_o baroche_n be_v as_o be_v cambaia_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o seat_v in_o this_o tract_n which_o because_o in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n i_o do_v not_o find_v to_o vary_v from_o the_o former_a i_o willing_o omit_v and_o therefore_o comprehend_v they_o under_o this_o chapter_n and_o title_n proceed_v to_o the_o current_a coin_n weight_n and_o measure_v find_v in_o use_n and_o practise_v in_o these_o city_n as_o in_o subjection_n to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o prince_n who_o be_v sovereignt_n hereof_o country_n coin_n of_o cambaia_n and_o mogul_n country_n the_o ancient_a current_n and_o general_a coin_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o mahmudy_n stamp_v by_o that_o famous_a king_n mahmood_n in_o the_o first_o conquest_n of_o these_o country_n which_o be_v account_v for_o res_n of_o portugal_n and_o by_o the_o english_a there_o resident_a estimate_v 12_o d._n sterling_a but_o the_o grand_a mogul_n be_v the_o last_o conqueror_n prohibit_v the_o say_a coin_n of_o mahmudis_n and_o therefore_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v find_v very_o scarce_o yet_o most_o frequent_a in_o gusurat_n the_o most_o current_a coin_n now_o throughout_o his_o territory_n be_v the_o ruppie_n of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a sort_n which_o be_v the_o casanna_n ruppia_n which_o be_v the_o common_a ruppia_n worth_n in_o india_n ¼_n mahomudy_n and_o estimate_v incirca_fw-la 2_o s._n 3_o d._n sterling_a the_o jacquiree_n ruppie_n 5_o of_o which_o make_v 6_o casanna_n ruppy_n the_o soway_a ruppie_n 4_o whereof_o make_v 5_o casanna_n ruppy_n the_o hondee_n ruppie_n of_o equal_a value_n with_o the_o casanna_n ruppie_n abovesaid_a cambaia_n account_n keep_v in_o surrat_n and_o cambaia_n and_o in_o these_o last_o do_v the_o merchant_n of_o gusurat_n keep_v their_o account_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v for_o small_a coin_n current_n these_o the_o pice_n account_v 24_o to_o the_o mamody_n which_o be_v 10_o d._n sterling_a the_o shahee_n account_v to_o the_o 16_o picos_fw-la or_o 10_o cosbeg_n and_o some_o there_o be_v that_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o mahomodis_n account_v 2½_n mahomody_n to_o be_v one_o hondee_n or_o casanna_n ruppie_n be_v thus_o estimate_v for_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n sterling_a as_o 2_o ruppy_n be_v account_v for_o 1_o â„ž_o â—_o spanish_a though_o indeed_o not_o find_v always_o of_o that_o value_n for_o the_o ruppie_n be_v here_o observe_v with_o the_o right_n of_o a_o prince_n coin_n and_o the_o â„ž_o â—_o for_o a_o merchandise_n or_o commodity_n rise_v and_o fall_v the_o say_v ruppia_n in_o agra_n be_v find_v to_o pass_v for_o 84_o pices_fw-la but_o this_o be_v thus_o most_o current_a in_o amadever_n lahoro_n and_o other_o the_o place_n where_o the_o christian_n of_o europe_n and_o other_o do_v provide_v and_o buy_v their_o indigo_n etc._n etc._n and_o there_o two_o of_o the_o say_v ruppia_n make_v in_o ordinary_a payment_n for_o merchandise_n 1_o â„ž_o â—_o spanish_a dominion_n weight_n in_o cambaia_n surrat_n agra_n and_o the_o mogul_n dominion_n there_o be_v general_o find_v throughout_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n two_o several_a weight_n the_o one_o proper_a to_o silk_n and_o the_o other_o for_o all_o merchandise_n beside_o and_o both_o of_o these_o have_v their_o foundation_n upon_o a_o weight_n of_o copper_n call_v as_o the_o coin_n aforesaid_a the_o pice_n a_o pice_n in_o silk_n be_v account_v 5½_n mitigals_o a_o mitigal_n be_v about_o 13_o d._n 10_o troy_n a_o pice_n of_o silk_n be_v also_o account_v for_o 2_o toll_n 1_o toll_n be_v 12_o mass_n a_o sear_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o small_a and_o great_a the_o small_a sear_n be_v ordinary_o use_v in_o silk_n and_o account_v 30_o toll_n now_o for_o the_o common_a weight_n
for_o all_o other_o commodity_n i_o will_v begin_v with_o the_o sear_n which_o vary_v here_o in_o several_a part_n of_o this_o country_n a_o sear_n of_o surrat_n be_v 18_o pices_fw-la weight_n of_o copper_n money_n which_o be_v 13â…“_n ounce_n averdupois_n a_o sear_n of_o agra_n call_v the_o sear_n acoberg_n be_v 30_o pices_fw-la which_o be_v 22_o ounce_n averdupois_n a_o sear_n of_o agra_n call_v the_o sear_n janquery_n be_v 36_o pices_fw-la be_v the_o common_a sear_n of_o all_o india_n and_o double_a the_o surrat_n sear_n which_o be_v 26â…”_n ounce_n a_o sear_n of_o puttana_n and_o ganges_n be_v 37_o pices_fw-la and_o those_o that_o have_v make_v a_o strict_a calculation_n have_v find_v that_o 22_o common_a pices_fw-la make_v 16_o ounce_n averdupois_n they_o have_v also_o in_o use_n in_o these_o country_n two_o maunds_z a_o maund_v small_a of_o surrat_n be_v 40_o sears_n of_o surrat_n and_o the_o say_v maund_v be_v 33_o l._n averdupois_n but_o they_o have_v for_o some_o commodity_n another_o maund_v in_o surrat_n about_o 27_o l._n averdupois_n a_o candil_n of_o surrat_n cambaia_n &c_n &c_n be_v 20_o of_o the_o say_v maunds_z sears_n 40_o make_n a_o small_a maund_v of_o 33_o l._n english_a sears_n 40_o great_a make_v a_o great_a maund_v of_o 54_o 3_o â—_o l._n english_a and_o some_o have_v observe_v it_o to_o be_v 55_o l._n english_a and_o this_o be_v the_o maund_v of_o agra_n amadever_n amadever_n in_o amadever_n this_o difference_n be_v find_v in_o the_o say_a weight_n a_o maund_v be_v 40_o sear_n which_o be_v 18_o pices_fw-la and_o 33_o l._n english_a and_o the_o 100_o maunds_z of_o amadever_n be_v 63_o maunds_z of_o agra_n for_o gold_n silver_n musk_n civet_n bezoar-stone_n they_o have_v another_o weight_n which_o they_o call_v the_o toll_n be_v 12_o mass_n and_o be_v 7_o d._n 16_o grain_n troy_n weight_n in_o england_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v both_o by_o the_o english_a and_o portugal_n merchant_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v but_o that_o this_o so_o large_a tract_n of_o country_n must_v admit_v of_o more_o diversity_n of_o weight_n which_o i_o be_o enforce_v to_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n and_o refer_v what_o be_v here_o omit_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v country_n measure_n in_o cambaia_n surrat_n agra_n and_o mogul_n country_n there_o be_v use_v in_o these_o part_n two_o common_a measure_n and_o both_o call_v a_o covato_fw-mi a_o short_a and_o long_a covado_n the_o short_a covado_n of_o surrat_n cambaia_n etc._n etc._n use_v in_o the_o sale_n of_o many_o commodity_n as_o linen_n and_o silk_n be_v 27_o inch_n english_a the_o long_a covado_n of_o surrat_n use_v for_o woollen_a cloth_n be_v 35_o inch_n but_o in_o agra_n labour_n dilly_o brampore_o etc._n etc._n the_o ordinary_a and_o common_a covado_n be_v find_v to_o hold_v 32_o inch_n and_o call_v in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o country_n elahy_n at_o puttana_n they_o have_v a_o covado_n of_o 38_o inch_n and_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o some_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o 1_o â—_o 3_o covado_fw-mi of_o puttana_n be_v 5_o covado_n of_o agra_n which_o make_v four_o yard_n english_a and_o note_v that_o in_o all_o the_o mogul_n country_n they_o use_v no_o concave_a measure_n for_o any_o grain_n or_o liquid_a commodity_n but_o sell_v the_o same_o by_o weight_n in_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o they_o do_v all_o ponderous_a and_o massy_a commodity_n they_o measure_v their_o ground_n and_o day_n journey_n by_o a_o measure_n which_o they_o call_v a_o corso_n which_o be_v one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o geometrical_a pace_n and_o be_v account_v in_o common_a estimation_n of_o our_o late_a traveller_n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a english_a lahore_n lahore_n in_o this_o tract_n and_o belong_v to_o this_o prince_n be_v many_o famous_a town_n of_o trade_n the_o chief_a be_v lahore_n famous_a for_o the_o indigo_n there_o grow_v and_o prepare_v and_o for_o that_o admirable_a high_a way_n to_o agra_n of_o twenty_o day_n journey_n beset_v on_o each_o side_n with_o mulberry-tree_n and_o whence_o there_o depart_v yearly_a above_o twelve_o thousand_o camel_n lade_v with_o spice_n to_o hispahan_n which_o be_v bring_v hither_o from_o india_n amadabar_fw-la amadabar_fw-la the_o next_o principal_a town_n be_v amadabar_n famous_a in_o these_o part_n for_o the_o great_a trade_n and_o excellent_a situation_n thereof_o as_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a city_n of_o the_o gusurate_n tutta_n tutta_n neither_o be_v tutta_n here_o to_o be_v forget_v though_o a_o island_n town_n yet_o seat_v on_o the_o famous_a river_n of_o indus_n and_o have_v dependency_n and_o belong_v thereunto_o lowribander_n lowribander_n and_o that_o excellent_a port_n of_o lowribander_n three_o day_n journey_v distant_a from_o it_o on_o the_o shore_n common_o entitle_v the_o coast_n of_o sindie_n wherein_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o our_o european_a navigator_n that_o ship_n may_v safe_o ride_v without_o receive_v harm_n by_o the_o worm_n which_o do_v much_o hurt_n in_o surat_n and_o all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n chap._n xci_o of_o goa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o goa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o goa_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o india_n i_o mean_v of_o those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o portugal_n or_o spaniard_n where_o the_o viceroy_n archbishop_n and_o the_o king_n his_o consul_n and_o chancery_n do_v reside_v here_o be_v also_o the_o staple_n of_o all_o india_n commodity_n whereto_o merchant_n of_o arabia_n armenia_n persia_n cambaia_n bengala_n pegu_n siam_n malacca_n java_n molucco_n china_n and_o of_o sundâ—y_a other_o country_n do_v resort_v it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o island_n of_o three_o mile_n circuit_n but_o be_v but_o little_a distant_a from_o the_o firm_a land_n the_o port_n be_v capacious_a of_o good_a ship_n but_o if_o they_o exceed_v 200_o tun_n they_o unlade_v short_a of_o the_o town_n a_o place_n call_v bard_n well_o build_v with_o fair_a house_n both_o public_a and_o private_a after_o the_o portugal_n manner_n and_o have_v in_o it_o many_o cloister_n church_n and_o priory_n but_o be_v not_o fortify_v with_o any_o wall_n but_o the_o contrive_a and_o continue_a building_n of_o the_o house_n serve_v both_o for_o the_o defence_n and_o enclosure_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n be_v a_o street_n call_v the_o leilon_n where_o a_o daily_a assembly_n be_v make_v from_o 7_o to_o 9_o in_o the_o morning_n not_o only_o of_o merchant_n from_o all_o part_n but_o also_o of_o gentry_n and_o during_o the_o say_a hour_n the_o say_a street_n be_v replenish_v with_o all_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n from_o all_o the_o afore-named_n kingdom_n set_v forth_o in_o manner_n of_o our_o fair_n in_o england_n which_o daily_o be_v thus_o practise_v and_o wherein_o the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o those_o country_n be_v vend_v and_o put_v to_o sale_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v particular_a street_n where_o the_o native_a indian_n do_v dwell_v together_o be_v find_v to_o be_v here_o great_a merchant_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n inhabit_v near_o together_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o art_n and_o profession_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o strict_a law_n of_o this_o country_n every_o man_n to_o marry_v within_o his_o own_o and_o the_o same_o trade_n and_o to_o bring_v up_o likewise_o their_o child_n in_o their_o own_o and_o the_o same_o profession_n which_o law_n be_v strict_o observe_v give_v great_a perfection_n to_o all_o art_n here_o practise_v their_o winter_n begin_v here_o the_o last_o of_o april_n continue_v till_o september_n and_o be_v call_v winter_n not_o for_o the_o cold_a but_o for_o the_o continual_a rain_n that_o be_v find_v all_o this_o time_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o time_n be_v account_v summer_n which_o be_v without_o rain_n and_o the_o pleasant_a of_o all_o other_o season_n upon_o this_o coast_n goa_n commodity_n of_o goa_n the_o commodity_n natural_a of_o this_o place_n be_v not_o observableâ—_n the_o island_n small_a and_o the_o firm_a land_n plentiful_a in_o palm_n tree_n cocus_n and_o the_o like_a the_o city_n be_v the_o common_a staple_n for_o all_o india_n commodity_n bring_v hither_o by_o other_o and_o here_o barter_v and_o exchange_v for_o other_o but_o of_o itself_o not_o afford_v any_o of_o note_n or_o consequence_n goa_n coin_n current_a in_o goa_n they_o have_v here_o two_o sort_n of_o money_n a_o good_a and_o a_o bad_a and_o therefore_o in_o all_o contract_v they_o be_v as_o well_o to_o bargain_n for_o the_o money_n that_o be_v to_o be_v receive_v as_o for_o the_o commodity_n that_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v but_o because_o this_o place_n be_v neighbour_v with_o sundry_a great_a nation_n that_o traffic_v hither_o it_o will_v be_v fit_a i_o shall_v enlarge_v myself_o a_o little_a further_o on_o this_o subject_n the_o
ample_o privilege_v and_o shall_v enjoy_v a_o part_n of_o the_o gain_n for_o themselves_o and_o yet_o bring_v the_o great_a crop_n of_o their_o labour_n into_o his_o coffer_n hereupon_o it_o be_v first_o let_v out_o for_o five_o year_n the_o farmer_n and_o contracter_n bind_v themselves_o to_o send_v such_o a_o stock_n to_o india_n in_o ready_a money_n as_o will_v extend_v for_o 30_o thousand_o quintal_n of_o pepper_n yearly_a conceive_v to_o be_v in_o those_o day_n as_o much_o as_o all_o europe_n can_v annual_o vend_v in_o that_o commodity_n but_o then_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o send_v his_o ship_n to_o india_n to_o lade_v the_o same_o in_o number_n five_o ship_n of_o sufficient_a burden_n yearly_o the_o farmer_n bear_v the_o adventure_n both_o of_o their_o money_n outward_a and_o of_o the_o say_a pepper_n homeward_o lade_v it_o in_o india_n into_o the_o say_a ship_n at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n all_o which_o bring_v into_o portugal_n they_o be_v to_o deliver_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o price_n of_o 12_o ducat_n per_fw-la quintal_n and_o what_o be_v either_o cast_v away_o lose_v or_o take_v be_v to_o be_v bear_v by_o the_o farmer_n the_o king_n pay_v for_o no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v thus_o fair_o lay_v on_o land_n into_o his_o store-house_n at_o lisbon_n neither_o yet_o pay_v he_o ready_a money_n for_o the_o same_o but_o pay_v they_o with_o their_o own_o money_n when_o the_o pepper_n be_v sell_v so_o that_o the_o king_n without_o disbursement_n or_o hazard_n have_v and_o have_v a_o certain_a great_a gain_n without_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o penny_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o the_o farmer_n have_v many_o great_a and_o strong_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n as_o first_o that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o condition_n soever_o he_o be_v may_v any_o way_n deal_v or_o trade_n in_o pepper_n but_o themselves_o which_o be_v still_o strict_o observe_v second_o that_o they_o may_v not_o upon_o any_o occasion_n or_o necessity_n whatsoever_o diminish_v or_o lessen_v the_o say_v ordinary_a stock_n of_o money_n nor_o the_o king_n his_o say_a stint_n of_o ship_v neither_o hinder_v not_o let_v they_o in_o any_o sort_n concern_v the_o lade_n thereof_o which_o be_v also_o strict_o look_v into_o for_o though_o the_o pepper_n be_v for_o the_o king_n be_v own_o person_n or_o proper_a account_n yet_o must_v the_o farmer_n be_v pepper_n be_v first_o lade_v three_o that_o the_o viceroy_n and_o all_o other_o the_o officer_n and_o captain_n in_o india_n shall_v give_v they_o all_o assistance_n help_n and_o favour_n with_o safe_a keep_n guard_v and_o watch_v the_o same_o with_o all_o other_o needful_a office_n as_o shall_v be_v by_o they_o require_v for_o the_o safety_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o say_a pepper_n january_n the_o ship_n of_o pepper_n depart_v from_o cochin_n about_o the_o month_n of_o december_n and_o january_n four_o that_o for_o the_o lade_n and_o provide_v thereof_o the_o say_a farmer_n may_v send_v their_o factor_n into_o india_n with_o their_o servant_n and_o assistant_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o they_o be_v english_a french_a and_o spaniard_n only_o except_v and_o that_o unto_o every_o place_n to_o see_v the_o same_o lade_v and_o dispatch_v away_o and_o in_o late_a time_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o have_v also_o farm_a of_o the_o king_n the_o ship_n and_o their_o fraightment_n with_o large_a condition_n to_o build_v they_o and_o make_v the_o provision_n of_o all_o necessary_n for_o they_o and_o all_o at_o their_o own_o adventure_n and_o if_o the_o ship_n come_v safe_a home_o they_o give_v the_o king_n in_o lieu_n of_o licence_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o every_o ship_n and_o annual_o do_v furnish_v these_o five_o ship_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o for_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v appoint_v to_o go_v in_o they_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o fail_v for_o the_o king_n and_o at_o his_o charge_n and_o have_v but_o only_o their_o meat_n and_o drink_n at_o the_o farmer_n charge_n the_o officer_n and_o sailor_n be_v place_v therein_o by_o the_o king_n admiralty_n which_o the_o farmer_n may_v not_o once_o deny_v or_o refuse_v so_o that_o the_o king_n adventure_v nothing_o neither_o in_o pepper_n nor_o in_o ship_n but_o only_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o he_o lose_v the_o money_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v and_o otherwise_o gain_v by_o the_o farm_n of_o every_o ship_n if_o it_o have_v return_v safe_a and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o pepper_n that_o shall_v have_v be_v deliver_v he_o at_o a_o certain_a price_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n now_o that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o send_v out_o his_o fleet_n to_o meet_v and_o waste_v they_o from_o the_o flemish_a island_n as_o for_o long_a time_n he_o be_v accustom_v to_o do_v and_o the_o king_n be_v find_v so_o near_o to_o look_v to_o this_o farm_n that_o he_o will_v not_o abate_v the_o farmer_n a_o penny_n how_o great_a soever_o their_o loss_n happen_v otherwise_o to_o be_v and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o goa_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o portugal_n in_o india_n now_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o will_v come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n chap._n xciii_o of_o musulipatan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o with_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n chormandel_n musulipatan_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n chormandel_n the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n beginn_v from_o the_o cape_n negapatan_n to_o the_o town_n of_o musulipatan_n between_o which_o say_v place_n be_v find_v a_o place_n call_v st._n thomas_n where_o the_o apostle_n thomas_n be_v say_v to_o have_v preach_v salvation_n to_o these_o nation_n and_o who_o tomb_n be_v have_v still_o in_o great_a reverence_n to_o this_o day_n among_o the_o native_a christian_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o which_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o petipoli_n and_o armagon_n where_o the_o english_a of_o late_o have_v settle_v factory_n that_o have_v dependency_n on_o the_o factory_a of_o musulipatan_n under_o which_o therefore_o i_o will_v include_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n musulipatan_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodious_a situation_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a place_n of_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n where_o the_o english_a have_v to_o that_o purpose_n plant_v a_o factory_a both_o for_o provide_v and_o lade_n hence_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n this_o place_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o same_o coast_n or_o rather_o isthmus_n as_o goa_n be_v with_o the_o city_n beforementioned_a which_o be_v seat_v to_o the_o eastward_o as_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n be_v to_o the_o westward_n the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o adjoin_a river_n run_v down_o from_o bisnagar_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o haven_n with_o the_o wholesomeness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o temperancy_n of_o the_o air_n add_v much_o to_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o in_o matter_n of_o trade_n and_o concurrency_n of_o merchant_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o country_n bear_v many_o commodity_n natural_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v as_o the_o least_o or_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o trade_n in_o india_n chormandel_n commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n from_o this_o place_n and_o coast_n then_o be_v find_v a_o great_a trade_n to_o be_v drive_v into_o bengala_n pegu_n siam_n malacca_n and_o to_o india_n and_o the_o principal_a commodity_n that_o this_o city_n be_v note_v to_o be_v famous_a for_o be_v those_o excellent_a fine_a cotton_n linen_n make_v here_o in_o in_o great_a abundance_n and_o of_o all_o colour_n and_o interweave_v with_o divers_a sort_n of_o loom-work_n and_o flower_n very_o fine_a and_o cunning_o wrought_v and_o therefore_o much_o wear_v in_o india_n and_o better_o esteem_v there_o than_o silk_n as_o indeed_o be_v both_o find_v fine_a and_o rich_a and_o use_v by_o the_o great_a woman_n in_o those_o part_n for_o their_o clothing_n wherein_o be_v find_v interlace_v oftentimes_o thread_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o divers_a other_o rare_a fabric_n of_o cotton_n etc._n etc._n chormandel_n coin_n current_a in_o musilapatan_n and_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n the_o current_a usual_a coin_n in_o musulipatan_n armagon_n petiboli_n st._n thomas_n and_o all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n be_v the_o pagode_n of_o gold_n and_o the_o mahomody_n and_o fanan_n of_o silver_n and_o be_v thus_o value_v a_o pagode_n be_v worth_a 15_o fanans_n or_o in_o english_a 8_o s._n sterling_a a_o fanan_n be_v 9_o cashee_n or_o as_o some_o call_v they_o cupan_n about_o 6¾_n d._n sterling_a a_o mamody_n be_v 32_o pices_fw-la or_o as_o in_o some_o place_n they_o be_v call_v docres_n a_o rial_n of_o â—_o spanish_a be_v here_o 5_o mamody_n or_o 9_o fanans_n or_o 5_o s._n and_o 10_o rialsâ—_n â—_z be_v
here_o current_a for_o 6_o and_o sometime_o for_o 6½_n pagod_n and_o 10_o r._n â—_o be_v call_v in_o these_o part_v a_o sear_n incirca_fw-la 50_o s._n sterling_a armagon_n armagon_n but_o in_o armagon_n it_o be_v observe_v they_o have_v this_o difference_n rial_n of_o â—_o 11_o be_v account_v for_o 8_o pagod_n one_o pagode_n be_v account_v worth_n 20_o fanans_n and_o 5_o pagode_n here_o be_v account_v but_o 4_o in_o musulipatan_n the_o pagode_n by_o this_o account_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o value_n about_o 8_o d._n sterling_a equivalent_a with_o the_o chequin_n of_o venice_n or_o the_o xeriff_n of_o egypt_n or_o sultany_n of_o turkey_n and_o the_o mamody_n account_v for_o 12_o d._n sterling_a and_o the_o fanans_n about_o 6_o d._n ¾_n or_o 7_o d._n per_fw-la piece_n chormandel_n weight_n current_a in_o musulapatan_n and_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n their_o common_a weight_n use_v along_o this_o coast_n be_v the_o candil_n which_o in_o gross_a good_n be_v most_o account_v for_o 20_o maunds_z a_o maund_v be_v 40_o sear_n or_o 22½_n masy_n or_o 26_o l._n 14½_n ounce_n english_a a_o sear_n be_v 17_o kashee_n which_o thus_o answer_v with_o england_n the_o sear_n be_v twofold_a the_o small_a sear_n be_v of_o 16_o mass_n and_o find_v to_o be_v about_o 10_o l._n english_a or_o as_o some_o observe_v it_o 10â…›_n l._n and_o the_o great_a sear_n be_v account_v as_o above_o and_o the_o candil_n of_o 20_o maunds_z of_o 26_o l._n 14½_n ounce_n averdupois_n bring_v it_o to_o be_v english_a pound_n sotile_n 538_o l._n incirca_fw-la but_o this_o find_v some_o disagreement_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o petiboli_n for_o their_o candil_n be_v 20_o maunds_z find_v to_o be_v but_o 26_o l._n english_a in_o all_o 520_o l._n a_o maund_v be_v here_o count_v for_o 5_o visko_n 5_o l._n 3_o ounce_n english_a one_o visco_n or_o as_o the_o portugal_n call_v it_o fisco_fw-la be_v account_v 8_o sears_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 10_o ounce_n ¼_n averdupois_n incirca_fw-la further_a observation_n i_o find_v not_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o mesulapatan_n save_v that_o the_o governor_n of_o this_o city_n have_v settle_v a_o trade_n with_o the_o english_a and_o that_o they_o shall_v pay_v for_o custom_n 4_o per_fw-la cent_n he_o afterward_o raise_v the_o same_o to_o be_v 12_o per_fw-la cent_n till_o anno_fw-la 1614_o one_o floris_n and_o other_o english_a surprise_v the_o chief_a customer_n be_v the_o governor_n be_v son_n and_o bring_v he_o aboard_o their_o ship_n then_o in_o port_n who_o thereupon_o come_v to_o a_o new_a composition_n restore_v the_o overplus_n take_v and_o settle_v it_o for_o the_o future_a at_o the_o first_o agree_v rate_n of_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n as_o now_o it_o stand_v chap._n xciv_o of_o satagan_a the_o metropolis_n of_o bengala_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o coast_n and_o the_o river_n ganges_n bengala_n satagan_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o bengala_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o coromandel_n begin_v this_o coast_n of_o bengala_n through_o the_o middle_n whereof_o the_o famous_a river_n ganges_n run_v make_v a_o large_a bay_n or_o gulf_n which_o carry_v the_o name_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n this_o country_n be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o greâ—…_n mogul_n who_o coin_n be_v here_o current_a the_o holy_a and_o reverend_a opinion_n that_o the_o gentile_n through_o all_o india_n have_v of_o this_o river_n and_o the_o concourse_n of_o pilgrim_n thereto_o for_o devotion_n sake_n add_v much_o to_o the_o traffic_n of_o satagan_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o country_n which_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o another_o fair_a and_o large_a river_n who_o imbosure_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o imbosure_n of_o ganges_n and_o upon_o which_o boat_n sail_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o current_a a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o fifteen_o hour_n without_o the_o help_n of_o sail_n or_o oar_n and_o when_o the_o tide_n turn_v it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o violent_a that_o the_o saller_n be_v force_v to_o make_v fast_o their_o boat_n to_o certain_a tree_n fix_v on_o the_o shore_n side_n for_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v way_n against_o the_o stream_n and_o current_n thereof_o at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o river_n be_v a_o place_n call_v butter_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n and_o mechant_n there_o do_v yearly_o build_v in_o form_n of_o a_o village_n of_o straw_n branch_n of_o tree_n reed_n and_o the_o like_a and_o be_v of_o great_a largeness_n to_o which_o they_o bring_v all_o manner_n of_o merchandise_n to_o meet_v the_o ship_n which_o at_o certain_a set_v time_n with_o the_o moonsoons_o come_v hither_o for_o trade_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o go_v high_a for_o want_v of_o water_n and_o when_o the_o ship_n be_v go_v with_o the_o change_n of_o the_o moonsoon_o and_o that_o year_n trade_n past_a they_o then_o burn_v their_o say_a town_n and_o house_n and_o carry_v up_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n to_o the_o city_n of_o satagan_n whither_o also_o all_o small_a bark_n and_o boat_n do_v go_v to_o lade_v and_o unlade_v bengala_n commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o bengala_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o thirty_o or_o forty_o sail_n of_o great_a ship_n of_o sundry_a country_n and_o nation_n do_v here_o yearly_a at_o this_o time_n find_v lade_n the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o coast_n be_v rice_n here_o grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n cloth_n of_o cotton_n of_o infinite_a sort_n make_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n lacca_n good_a store_n great_a plenty_n of_o sugar_n myrabolan_n both_o dry_v and_o preserve_v long_a pepper_n oil_n of_o zerseline_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o city_n in_o itself_o be_v a_o fair_a city_n and_o abound_v with_o rich_a merchant_n that_o trade_n to_o pegu_n musulipatan_n summatra_n and_o sometime_o to_o cambaia_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n their_o time_n of_o traffic_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o night_n and_o when_o they_o have_v once_o burn_v their_o town_n of_o butter_n as_o have_v be_v note_v they_o then_o hire_v galliots_n and_o boat_n and_o therewith_o transport_v their_o commodity_n up_o the_o river_n from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o situate_v upon_o the_o same_o where_o every_o day_n be_v find_v in_o one_o or_o other_o a_o public_a fair_a and_o market_n so_o that_o their_o whole_a life_n be_v still_o in_o motion_n and_o agitation_n provide_v in_o one_o place_n and_o put_v off_o in_o another_o here_o buy_v and_o there_o sell_v bengala_n weight_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o bengala_n the_o portugal_n be_v find_v to_o have_v some_o trade_n hither_o but_o those_o that_o reside_v here_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o much_o government_n but_o make_v their_o will_n their_o law_n only_o two_o fort_n they_o hold_v upon_o this_o coast_n the_o one_o they_o call_v porto_n grande_n the_o other_o porto_n piquenom_n whereto_o there_o be_v drive_v a_o orderly_a trade_n and_o thereby_o that_o nation_n be_v keep_v within_o some_o order_n and_o discipline_n as_o for_o the_o coin_n current_n here_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n here_o in_o use_n i_o must_v omit_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n therein_o and_o therefore_o shall_v refer_v they_o to_o the_o better_o skill_v debtor_n custom_n in_o india_n for_o debtor_n before_o i_o leave_v this_o coast_n i_o must_v not_o forget_v a_o strange_a custom_n not_o only_o here_o much_o use_v but_o also_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o in_o many_o other_o part_n of_o india_n which_o be_v thus_o if_o a_o debtor_n break_v the_o day_n of_o payment_n with_o his_o creditor_n and_o oftentimes_o disappoint_v he_o than_o he_o go_v to_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o bramenes_n and_o receive_v of_o he_o a_o rod_n with_o which_o he_o approach_v to_o the_o debtor_n and_o make_v a_o circle_n about_o he_o charge_v he_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o say_a branâ—en_n not_o to_o depart_v till_o he_o have_v satisfy_v the_o debt_n which_o if_o he_o do_v not_o he_o must_v then_o starve_v in_o the_o place_n for_o if_o he_o depart_v the_o king_n will_v cause_v he_o to_o be_v execute_v and_o this_o be_v in_o use_n in_o many_o great_a part_n of_o india_n but_o especial_o where_o the_o brahmin_n be_v reverence_v it_o be_v daily_o see_v practise_v among_o merchant_n the_o native_n of_o these_o place_n chap._n xcv_o of_o pegu_n and_o the_o coast_n thereof_o with_o the_o trade_n thereof_o pegu_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n thereof_o in_o order_n have_v pass_v the_o coast_n and_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n the_o next_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v the_o sea-coast_n of_o aracan_a pegu_n and_o sian_a stretch_v itself_o to_o the_o island_n and_o fort_n of_o malacca_n of_o which_o according_a to_o the_o
whilst_o he_o remain_v there_o and_o then_o have_v choose_v one_o to_o his_o mind_n he_o contract_v with_o her_o friend_n for_o her_o use_n for_o the_o say_a time_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n which_o do_v he_o bring_v she_o to_o his_o house_n or_o lodging_n and_o she_o serve_v he_o willing_o in_o all_o his_o affair_n both_o by_o day_n and_o night_n as_o both_o his_o slave_n and_o wife_n but_o then_o he_o must_v take_v care_n that_o during_o that_o time_n he_o keep_v not_o company_n with_o any_o other_o woman_n for_o so_o he_o may_v incur_v a_o great_a danger_n and_o peril_n of_o his_o life_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n now_o when_o the_o time_n of_o his_o residence_n be_v expire_v he_o pay_v the_o parent_n of_o the_o maid_n the_o price_n agree_v for_o and_o depart_v quiet_o away_o and_o she_o return_v with_o credit_n to_o her_o friend_n be_v as_o well_o esteem_v of_o as_o ever_o she_o be_v before_o and_o if_o afterward_o this_o maid_n chance_v to_o marry_v though_o with_o the_o principall_a of_o the_o country_n and_o that_o the_o aforesaid_a stranger_n shall_v again_o return_v hither_o to_o trade_n he_o may_v again_o demand_v his_o wâ—man_n and_o he_o shall_v have_v she_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n without_o the_o resistance_n of_o her_o husband_n or_o any_o shame_n unto_o he_o and_o she_o remain_v by_o the_o stranger_n as_o long_o as_o he_o abide_v there_o and_o he_o travel_v from_o thence_o she_o go_v home_o to_o her_o husband_n again_o which_o among_o they_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o most_o sure_a and_o inviolable_a law_n and_o custom_n pegu._n coin_n current_a in_o pegu._n the_o coin_n current_n here_o and_o throughout_o all_o this_o coast_n be_v call_v gansa_n which_o be_v make_v of_o copper_n and_o lead_n and_o be_v not_o the_o proper_a money_n of_o the_o king_n but_o every_o man_n may_v stamp_v it_o that_o will_v and_o that_o be_v able_a because_o it_o have_v its_o just_a value_n in_o stuff_n and_o material_n there_o be_v much_o counterfeit_n of_o this_o coin_n but_o it_o be_v soon_o discern_v by_o the_o broker_n teller_n of_o money_n who_o ready_o spy_v it_o out_o and_o therefore_o not_o passable_a nor_o will_v it_o be_v take_v by_o any_o with_o this_o money_n gansa_n you_o may_v buy_v gold_n silver_n ruby_n drug_n spice_n and_o all_o commodity_n and_o no_o other_o money_n be_v current_a among_o they_o this_o gansa_n go_v by_o a_o weight_n call_v a_o biso_n and_o this_o name_n of_o bise_n go_v for_o the_o account_n of_o the_o weight_n and_o therefore_o a_o bise_n of_o a_o gansa_n be_v account_v by_o stranger_n there_o trade_v ½_n â„ž_o 8_o â—_o or_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n sterling_a and_o albeit_o that_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o all_o other_o commodite_n do_v rise_v and_o fall_v yet_o this_o bise_n never_o alter_v in_o value_n or_o estimation_n every_o bise_n make_v a_o hundred_o gansae_n of_o weight_n and_o so_o it_o do_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o money_n be_v bisa_n martaven_n martaven_n in_o this_o country_n be_v also_o seat_v the_o town_n of_o martaven_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o the_o last_o of_o this_o coast_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v wonderful_a expert_a in_o make_v of_o hard_a waâ—_n which_o hence_o be_v disperse_v throughout_o india_n and_o into_o many_o place_n of_o europe_n here_o be_v also_o make_v those_o great_a earthen_n jar_n or_o vessel_n which_o serve_v they_o to_o keep_v water_n oil_n or_o any_o other_o liquor_n and_o be_v much_o use_v in_o india_n and_o aboard_o their_o ship_n in_o stead_n of_o cask_n barrel_n and_o such_o vessel_n and_o throughout_o all_o these_o country_n be_v call_v of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n maatavanas_n and_o in_o some_o place_n by_o the_o portugal_n benajos_n chap._n xcvi_o of_o siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n thereof_o under_o the_o title_n of_o siam_n i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o city_n of_o tenaserim_n a_o famous_a town_n of_o traffic_n and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o a_o kingdom_n also_o pattana_n another_o city_n on_o this_o coast_n not_o far_o distan_a from_o siam_n itself_o be_v a_o place_n where_o the_o english_a merchant_n have_v a_o residence_n and_o hold_v a_o factory_a and_o last_o siam_n as_o the_o principal_a and_o as_o one_o upon_o who_o the_o rest_n have_v a_o dependency_n both_o in_o matter_n of_o government_n and_o trade_n this_o city_n then_o of_o siam_n some_o year_n past_a as_o appear_v by_o relation_n of_o that_o worthy_a merchant_n ralph_n fitch_n and_o other_o be_v the_o prime_n of_o all_o these_o and_o the_o neighbour_a region_n but_o be_v for_o twenty_o one_o month_n besiege_v by_o the_o king_n of_o pegu_n who_o after_o four_o month_n march_v encompass_v it_o with_o a_o million_o and_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o soldier_n at_o length_n by_o mean_n of_o treason_n and_o not_o of_o strength_n gain_v it_o drive_v the_o king_n thereof_o to_o that_o desperation_n that_o he_o poison_v himself_o with_o all_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n pegu_n the_o fortune_n of_o siam_n and_o pegu_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v obey_v several_a prince_n and_o be_v subject_n to_o sundry_a master_n according_a to_o the_o various_a chance_n of_o war_n and_o of_o this_o country_n which_o in_o one_o age_n be_v see_v here_o so_o diverse_o to_o alter_v into_o sundry_a shape_n for_o a_o petty_a king_n which_o now_o command_v one_o only_a town_n or_o province_n in_o a_o few_o year_n come_v to_o be_v a_o great_a emperor_n over_o several_a kingdom_n and_o peradventure_o that_o great_a emperor_n who_o now_o command_v so_o many_o several_a nation_n within_o few_o year_n after_o be_v glad_a to_o rule_v over_o a_o small_a province_n city_n or_o island_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o pegu_n and_o siam_n have_v of_o late_a year_n to_o their_o great_a grief_n find_v too_o true_a by_o experience_n the_o city_n of_o siam_n be_v yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o former_a suffer_v calamity_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n not_o only_o hence_o to_o couchin-china_n macau_n cantor_n malacca_n cambaia_n and_o the_o island_n summatra_n borneo_n banda_n and_o other_o by_o sea_n but_o also_o be_v much_o augment_v by_o the_o inland_n trade_n thereof_o partly_o to_o martavan_n tenaserim_n and_o other_o which_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o same_o land_n but_o as_o seat_v on_o the_o backside_n thereof_o and_o as_o enjoy_v thereby_o the_o commodity_n of_o another_o sea_n but_o the_o same_o be_v find_v proper_a for_o trade_n by_o its_o own_o commodious_a situation_n menan_n river_n menan_n be_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o great_a and_o famous_a river_n menan_n which_o run_v hither_o through_o or_o rather_o thwart_v india_n arise_v in_o the_o lake_n of_o chiama_n as_o they_o term_v it_o at_o least_o 22_o degree_n from_o this_o city_n where_o it_o issue_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v here_o find_v about_o the_o month_n of_o march_n so_o to_o over-swell_a his_o bank_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n that_o it_o cover_v the_o earth_n for_o 120_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o therefore_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v say_v to_o retire_v themselves_o during_o this_o inundation_n to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o their_o house_n so_o purposely_o make_v to_o avoid_v the_o inconveniency_n of_o the_o water_n every_o house_n then_o have_v a_o boat_n or_o frigate_n belong_v thereto_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o converse_v together_o and_o traffic_v as_o on_o dry_a shore_n till_o the_o say_a river_n return_v to_o her_o wont_a channel_n again_o the_o king_n of_o this_o country_n as_o indeed_o of_o all_o these_o region_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n merchant_n who_o give_v the_o english_a admittance_n to_o trade_n and_o residence_n here_o about_o 1612_o upon_o who_o he_o bestow_v also_o a_o fair_a house_n for_o their_o abode_n and_o warehouse_n to_o lay_v up_o their_o merchandise_n where_o since_o for_o some_o year_n they_o have_v continue_v but_o of_o late_a year_n have_v leave_v it_o off_o and_o discontinue_v upon_o the_o little_a benefit_n this_o scale_n and_o country_n afford_v they_o pattana_n commodity_n of_o siam_n and_o pattana_n the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o this_o city_n and_o coast_n be_v cotton_n linen_n of_o several_a sort_n and_o that_o excellent_a wine_n or_o distil_a liquor_n call_v here_o by_o the_o name_n of_o nipe_n make_v of_o cocos_fw-la or_o india_n nut_n and_o hence_o transport_v into_o all_o part_n of_o india_n and_o the_o adjoin_a region_n here_o be_v also_o great_a quantity_n of_o benjamin_n and_o of_o lac_n wherewith_o the_o hard_a wax_n be_v make_v that_o be_v bring_v hence_o into_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o world_n also_o that_o costly_a wood_n call_v by_o the_o portugal_n palo_n dangula_fw-la and_o calamba_n which_o be_v good_a be_v weigh_v against_o silver_n
and_o gold_n for_o rich_a perfume_n and_o the_o wood_n sapon_n use_v by_o dyer_n also_o here_o be_v camphora_n in_o great_a plenty_n bezoar_v stone_n and_o gold_n in_o some_o measure_n good_a store_n also_o here_o be_v find_v diamond_n nutmeg_n and_o some_o other_o spice_n which_o the_o country_n of_o itself_o afford_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o coast_n coin_n current_a in_o siam_n and_o the_o coast_n the_o coin_n here_o current_a as_o i_o be_o inform_v be_v these_o follow_v the_o first_o be_v a_o tail_n which_o be_v worth_a 4_o tical_n or_o seventeen_o shilling_n ten_o penny_n or_o eighteen_o shilling_n sterling_a a_o tical_a be_v account_v 4_o mass_n or_o 4_o s._n 4_o d._n incirca_fw-la sterling_a a_o mass_n be_v account_v 4_o copan_n about_o 13_o d._n sterling_a a_o copan_n be_v account_v 750_o cash_n or_o 3¼_n d._n sterling_a a_o tail_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o account_v worth_n 14_o rial_n of_o eight_o spanish_a and_o 20_o tail_n be_v a_o cattee_n worth_n 48_o rial_n of_o â—_o spanish_a and_o 1_o tail_n of_o siam_n be_v worth_a 2_o tail_n of_o japan_n pattana_n coin_n at_o pattana_n and_o note_v that_o in_o pattana_n and_o elsewhere_o on_o this_o coast_n coin_n find_v little_a alteration_n in_o current_a price_n and_o rate_n except_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n when_o some_o of_o these_o species_n be_v seek_v out_o and_o provide_v by_o merchant_n to_o transport_v into_o other_o place_n where_o the_o same_o do_v turn_v they_o better_o to_o benefit_n and_o note_v that_o at_o pattana_n a_o mass_n be_v as_o above_o worth_a 4_o copan_n a_o copan_n worth_n 4_o condery_n a_o conderie_n be_v 100_o cash_n which_o be_v 800_o cash_n which_o be_v 50_o more_o than_o at_o siam_n as_o be_v abovementioned_a the_o measure_n and_o weight_n be_v not_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n so_o leave_v siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n i_o shall_v repair_v to_o malacca_n inhabit_v and_o fortify_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o of_o great_a consequence_n in_o these_o part_n chap._n xcvii_o of_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o malacca_n be_v the_o next_o country_n to_o the_o afore-named_n siam_n seat_v between_o the_o coast_n of_o siam_n and_o pegu_n upon_o the_o utmost_a bind_v of_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o land_n on_o which_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o malacca_n in_o obedience_n to_o the_o portugal_n and_o conquer_v by_o they_o 1511_o and_o account_v the_o most_o profitable_a command_n of_o all_o india_n next_o after_o ormus_n which_o of_o late_o they_o have_v lose_v and_o of_o mosambique_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n gasa_n which_o be_v here_o 10_o mile_n broad_a as_o some_o write_v and_o be_v account_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o india_n and_o china_n commodity_n and_o have_v a_o very_a great_a traffic_n to_o china_n moluccos_fw-la banda_n java_n summatra_n and_o all_o the_o island_n border_v thereabouts_o as_o also_o to_o siam_n pegu_n bengala_n coast_n of_o chormandel_n and_o other_o the_o part_n of_o india_n whereby_o many_o ship_n be_v find_v daily_o to_o be_v employ_v come_v in_o and_o go_v out_o there_o lade_n and_o unlade_v sell_v buy_v and_o barter_v the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n together_o the_o country_n afford_v of_o itself_o no_o commodity_n to_o preserve_v trade_n but_o all_o other_o country_n afford_v to_o this_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o proper_a situation_n for_o trade_n their_o native_a commodity_n a_o ship_n or_o two_o come_v hither_o yearly_o from_o lisbon_n to_o traffic_v which_o thence_o depart_v 30_o day_n soon_o than_o the_o rest_n for_o india_n and_o be_v at_o she_o return_v find_v common_o the_o rich_a that_o frequent_v these_o country_n malacca_n monsons_n at_o malacca_n and_o here_o it_o be_v observable_a in_o navigation_n that_o the_o monsons_n or_o trade_n wind_n here_o continue_v west_n and_o northwest_n from_o the_o end_n of_o august_n to_o the_o end_n of_o october_n and_o in_o november_n begin_v the_o northerly_a and_o north-easter_o wind_n which_o blow_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o april_n and_o from_o mâ—…_n till_o the_o end_n of_o august_n the_o south_n and_o south-west_n rule_v according_a to_o which_o the_o trader_n hither_o must_v direct_v his_o trade_n and_o course_n and_o take_v the_o proper_a season_n both_o for_o his_o come_n and_o go_v when_o albuquerk_n the_o vice-king_n of_o portugal_n take_v this_o city_n find_v it_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n of_o sundry_a nation_n he_o establish_v magistrate_n for_o both_o the_o ethnic_n moor_n and_o christian_n with_o appeal_n only_o reserve_v to_o the_o high_a sovereign_n the_o conqueror_n one_o remarkable_a passage_n in_o this_o conquest_n i_o can_v omit_v which_o be_v that_o a_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n of_o eminent_a note_n in_o this_o city_n fight_v naked_a in_o defence_n of_o himself_o and_o of_o his_o native_a country_n be_v find_v to_o be_v wound_v with_o many_o deep_a and_o wide_a wound_n but_o on_o his_o arm_n be_v wear_v a_o chain_n whereto_o be_v fasten_v the_o bone_n of_o a_o javan_n beast_n call_v a_o cabal_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o notwithstanding_o all_o those_o wound_n which_o be_v many_o and_o large_a he_o lose_v not_o one_o drop_n of_o blood_n but_o when_o that_o chain_n be_v take_v from_o he_o his_o vein_n sudden_o and_o at_o once_o empty_v themselves_o both_o of_o blood_n and_o life_n together_o the_o riches_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o place_n may_v by_o this_o particular_a then_o happen_v be_v consider_v when_o as_o the_o king_n be_v ten_o in_o the_o sack_n thereof_o come_v to_o 200000_o ducat_n of_o gold_n the_o soldier_n and_o adventurer_n satisfy_v beside_o the_o conceal_a and_o pilfer_v booty_n there_o find_v and_o share_v by_o they_o malacca_n coin_n of_o the_o city_n malacca_n the_o current_a coin_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n therefore_o i_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o better_o experience_v malacca_n weight_n use_v in_o malacca_n the_o weight_n here_o common_a in_o use_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v collect_v be_v the_o cattee_n bahar_n and_o pecul_n wherein_o i_o find_v the_o observation_n make_v hereupon_o to_o disagree_v some_o make_v but_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v here_o in_o use_n and_o some_o two_o sort_n of_o bahars_n as_o thus_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n and_o each_o cattee_n to_o be_v 4½_n cattee_n of_o cantar_n and_o couchinchina_n which_o be_v 21_o l._n english_a which_o thus_o estimate_v must_v be_v 590_o l._n english_a a_o second_o bahar_n they_o account_v to_o be_v 200_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n which_o here_o be_v 302_o china_n cattee_n and_o thus_o estimate_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v 400_o l._n english_a again_o they_o have_v a_o weight_n call_v the_o pecul_n which_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o china_n and_o make_v 132_o l._n english_a but_o if_o this_o observation_n be_v find_v true_a by_o trial_n the_o cattee_n must_v be_v more_o than_o 21_o l._n english_a which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o better_a experience_a this_o be_v the_o late_a observation_n of_o some_o of_o our_o merchant_n trade_v into_o these_o part_n but_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o portugal_n i_o find_v the_o weight_n to_o be_v thus_o malacca_n weight_n of_o malacca_n in_o malacca_n they_o say_v be_v two_o sort_n of_o weight_n use_v a_o great_a and_o small_a which_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o bahar_n a_o bahar_n great_a weight_n be_v 200_o cattee_n or_o 3_o pices_fw-la one_o pice_n be_v 66â…”_n cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 26_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v 1½_n ounce_n lisbon_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o great_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v pepper_n cloves_n nutmeg_n sander_n indigo_n alum_n sanguis_fw-la draconis_fw-la palo_n dangula_n camphora_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o small_a bahar_n be_v also_o 200_o cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 22_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v almost_o a_o ounce_n â…_n portugal_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o small_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v quicksilver_n copper_n vermilion_n ivory_n silk_n musk_n amber_n lignum_fw-la aloe_n tin_n lead_v benjamin_n verdet_n and_o other_o commodity_n etc._n etc._n again_o some_o observe_v that_o a_o tail_n of_o malacca_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o 10¼_n mass_n be_v a_o ounce_n averdupois_n and_o 1½_n ounce_n be_v 16_o â—_o mass_n by_o which_o mass_n they_o sell_v bezoar_v stone_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n i_o shall_v here_o proceed_v to_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o remain_a tract_n and_o coast_n especial_o that_o of_o cambaia_n couchin-china_n and_o other_o but_o little_o have_v fall_v into_o my_o hand_n of_o the_o trade_n exercise_v there_o i_o willing_o omit_v the_o same_o and_o next_o proceed_v to_o look_v only_o upon_o the_o traffic_n of_o china_n itself_o and_o then_o to_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o asia_n chap._n xcviii_o of_o china_n
and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o china_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o china_n have_v on_o the_o east_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o west_n india_n on_o the_o north_n a_o wall_n extend_v 1000_o mile_n in_o length_n between_o the_o chinois_n and_o the_o tartarian_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o ocean_n the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n be_v account_v very_o great_a the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o disposition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o peace_n which_o former_o they_o enjoy_v among_o they_o concur_v to_o enlarge_v the_o same_o the_o many_o navigable_a river_n and_o the_o excellent_a fabric_n here_o wrought_v add_v to_o make_v it_o eminent_a china_n commodity_n of_o china_n and_o the_o commodity_n that_o it_o yield_v to_o maintain_v the_o same_o be_v these_o barley_n rice_n wool_n cotton_n olive_n vine_n flax_n silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v into_o infinite_a sort_n of_o stuff_n all_o kind_n of_o metal_n gold_n especial_o silver_n and_o copper_n be_v bring_v from_o japan_n etc._n etc._n fruit_n honey_n wax_n sugar_n rhubarb_n china_n root_n purslain_a dish_n camphire_n ginger_n all_o kind_n of_o spice_n musk_n civet_n amber_n and_o infinite_a abundance_n of_o salt_n which_o commodity_n only_o in_o the_o town_n of_o cantor_n yield_v custom_n to_o the_o prince_n yearly_a 180000_o ducat_n china_n the_o greatness_n of_o china_n this_o kingdom_n contain_v 15_o large_a province_n each_o province_n have_v a_o metropolis_n beside_o many_o city_n of_o lesser_a note_n so_o that_o in_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o this_o country_n be_v account_v to_o be_v 30_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o writer_n have_v mention_v to_o be_v 1597_o city_n and_o great_a town_n wall_v 1154_o castle_n 4200_o borough_n without_o wall_n wherein_o soldier_n be_v quarter_v beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o village_n and_o hamlet_n quinsay_v quinsay_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v vulgar_o call_v quinsay_v pequin_n and_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v in_o circuit_n 100_o mile_n have_v in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o lake_n of_o 30_o mile_n compass_n in_o which_o be_v two_o fair_a island_n and_o in_o they_o two_o magnificent_a palace_n adorn_v with_o all_o necessary_n either_o for_o majesty_n or_o conveniency_n the_o lake_n be_v nourish_v with_o divers_a river_n on_o which_o be_v count_v 12000_o bridge_n and_o in_o many_o city_n here_o seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o great_a and_o famous_a navigable_a river_n be_v find_v oftentimes_o ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o great_a and_o small_a vessel_n nanquin_n nanquin_n the_o king_n himself_o have_v in_o the_o city_n of_o nanquin_n account_v the_o second_o in_o this_o kingdom_n seat_v upon_o a_o fair_a and_o large_a river_n if_o writer_n relation_n may_v have_v credit_n river_n ten_o thousand_o sail_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o one_o river_n ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o ship_n of_o his_o own_o and_o the_o city_n be_v nine_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o whole_a distance_n be_v find_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v whole_o employ_v and_o take_v up_o with_o vessel_n and_o boat_n for_o therein_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v their_o abode_n dwell_v negotiate_v and_o remove_v at_o their_o pleasure_n from_o one_o place_n and_o city_n to_o another_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v by_o all_o modern_a traveller_n that_o have_v be_v here_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o issue_v out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n nor_o yet_o stranger_n to_o enter_v into_o it_o and_o though_o for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o traffic_n this_o strict_a law_n find_v some_o toleration_n for_o a_o certain_a limit_a time_n for_o the_o native_n to_o trade_n abroad_o yet_o be_v it_o most_o near_o look_v into_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o stranger_n that_o will_v enter_v into_o their_o country_n therefore_o this_o consider_v though_o the_o motive_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v many_o yet_o this_o inviolable_a custom_n so_o severe_o execute_v hindeâ—…_n just_o the_o particular_n i_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n set_v down_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o mighty_a empire_n howsoever_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o japaner_n and_o some_o neighbour_a islander_n as_o also_o the_o portugal_n and_o some_o other_o christian_n have_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o great_a maritime_a commander_n in_o this_o country_n and_o their_o own_o fair_a deportment_n procure_v a_o licence_n of_o trade_n in_o canton_n maccau_n nanquin_n and_o some_o other_o seaport_n but_o with_o such_o strict_a limitation_n as_o that_o in_o some_o city_n it_o be_v death_n for_o they_o to_o lie_v or_o abide_v at_o night_n either_o in_o the_o town_n or_o in_o the_o suburb_n but_o aboard_o their_o own_o ship_n and_o in_o canton_n where_o they_o find_v the_o most_o courteous_a usage_n they_o may_v not_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n abide_v one_o night_n within_o the_o city_n wall_n but_o as_o in_o the_o morning_n their_o name_n be_v register_v at_o their_o enter_v into_o the_o city_n so_o they_o come_v at_o night_n and_o blot_n out_o the_o same_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n i_o can_v then_o but_o afford_v a_o taste_n of_o the_o whole_a trade_n by_o a_o little_a that_o i_o have_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o collection_n of_o other_o which_o must_v serve_v for_o a_o model_n to_o the_o frame_n and_o foundation_n of_o what_o be_v practise_v in_o other_o city_n throughout_o this_o empire_n which_o i_o will_v comprehend_v under_o the_o title_n of_o maccau_n most_o frequent_v by_o our_o nation_n chap._n xcix_o of_o maccau_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o maccau_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o island_n and_o town_n of_o maccau_n as_o the_o place_n best_o know_v upon_o this_o coast_n to_o our_o nation_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o a_o bay_n which_o be_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o canton_n which_o run_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n of_o quinsay_v speak_v of_o before_o opposite_a to_o which_o stand_v the_o great_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o i_o mention_v as_o the_o place_n where_o be_v find_v the_o present_a staple_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o china_n and_o thither_o do_v merchant_n of_o all_o part_n frequent_a to_o buy_v and_o barter_n for_o other_o commodity_n with_o the_o restriction_n and_o limitation_n above_o specify_v and_o as_o for_o maccau_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o portugal_n intermix_v with_o the_o natural_a chinese_n the_o principal_a of_o their_o commerce_n be_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o canton_n from_o whence_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o china_n be_v find_v to_o issue_n and_o here_o the_o portugal_n at_o the_o arrival_n of_o their_o ship_n do_v choose_v out_o a_o factor_n among_o themselves_o who_o be_v permit_v in_o all_o their_o behalf_n to_o go_v to_o trade_n for_o they_o at_o câ—…ton_n but_o in_o the_o night_n he_o be_v to_o abide_v in_o the_o suburb_n under_o severe_a punishment_n as_o i_o have_v before_o remember_v japan_n a_o particular_a ship_n yearly_o touch_v here_o from_o goa_n to_o japan_n here_o be_v find_v a_o ship_n to_o come_v yearly_a out_o of_o india_n by_o a_o particular_a licence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o captain_n be_v place_n be_v ever_o bestow_v upon_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o reward_n of_o some_o former_a service_n as_o indeed_o all_o the_o captain_n place_n of_o the_o fortress_n of_o india_n be_v from_o maccau_n the_o say_a ship_n then_o have_v dispatch_v her_o business_n do_v sail_n to_o japan_n and_o there_o full_o discharge_v her_o lade_n and_o thence_o return_v again_o to_o maccau_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o malacca_n and_o so_o to_o goa_n in_o india_n and_o though_o this_o voyage_n of_o japan_n be_v ever_o grant_v by_o particular_a licence_n to_o some_o one_o in_o particular_a yet_o to_o maccau_n and_o malacca_n any_o merchant_n may_v go_v that_o will_n but_o none_o may_v yet_o lade_v or_o unlade_v in_o either_o place_n before_o such_o time_n as_o the_o ship_n term_v of_o the_o king_n be_v full_o dispatch_v and_o lade_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o depart_v for_o india_n it_o be_v record_v by_o some_o portugal_n that_o this_o captain_n be_v place_n may_v be_v worth_a to_o he_o for_o his_o part_n 200000_o ducat_n and_o that_o the_o say_a ship_n be_v common_o 1500_o tun_n in_o burden_n and_o that_o the_o voyage_n continue_v for_o three_o year_n from_o india_n and_o so_o back_o for_o in_o april_n they_o set_v sail_n from_o goa_n to_o malacca_n where_o they_o abide_v some_o season_n for_o the_o wind_n or_o monsons_n which_o at_o certain_a time_n blow_v certain_a set_v month_n together_o and_o then_o from_o malacca_n they_o sail_v hither_o to_o maccau_n where_o they_o stay_v at_o least_o nine_o month_n for_o the_o say_v monsons_n and_o then_o sail_v to_o japan_n where_o they_o must_v stay_v likewise_o certain_a month_n for_o the_o dispatch_n of_o their_o business_n
land_n sometime_o win_v and_o sometime_o lose_v according_a to_o both_o their_o force_n and_o fortune_n in_o all_o their_o occasion_n add_v violence_n to_o trade_n trade_v peaceable_o where_o they_o can_v otherwise_o choose_v and_o rob_v and_o pilfer_v when_o and_o where_o they_o can_v otherwise_o make_v up_o their_o mouth_n to_o profit_n in_o which_o practice_n of_o trade_n and_o thievery_n or_o thievish_a trade_n i_o leave_v they_o and_o those_o island_n and_o come_v next_o to_o java_n chap._n civ_o of_o javas_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o javas_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v find_v java_n major_a and_o java_n minor_a the_o great_a be_v in_o compass_n 3000_o and_o the_o lesser_a 2000_o mile_n the_o nearness_n of_o these_o two_o island_n to_o the_o aequator_fw-la make_v these_o country_n so_o wonderful_a fertile_a that_o they_o be_v term_v the_o epitome_n of_o the_o world_n the_o chief_a city_n here_o be_v palauban_n mega_n pegar_o agaim_n and_o ballambua_n and_o in_o the_o lesser_a java_n bosnia_n samara_n limbri_n and_o other_o but_o their_o principal_a trade_n be_v drive_v at_o sunda_n calapa_n bantam_n jacatra_n now_o baptize_v by_o the_o dutch_a batavia_n and_o last_o japarra_n in_o which_o three_o last_n the_o english_a have_v residence_n and_o factory_n island_n commodity_n of_o java_n island_n the_o commodity_n of_o these_o island_n be_v rice_n in_o abundance_n ox_n kine_n hog_n sheep_n indian_a nut_n and_o all_o provision_n for_o food_n also_o all_o kind_n of_o spice_n as_o clove_n nutmeg_n and_o mace_n which_o the_o native_a merchant_n transport_v to_o malacca_n and_o other_o neighbour_a island_n in_o great_a measure_n also_o pepper_n in_o great_a quantity_n esteem_v far_o better_a than_o that_o of_o india_n or_o malabar_n principal_o grow_v about_o the_o strait_n of_o sunda_n of_o which_o there_o be_v yearly_o lade_v hence_o about_o ten_o thousand_o quintal_n english_a it_o have_v also_o much_o frankincense_n benjamin_n camphora_n also_o diamond_n and_o many_o other_o precious_a stone_n which_o be_v find_v therein_o javas_n commodity_n of_o india_n fit_a for_o javas_n the_o fit_a and_o most_o proper_a commodity_n for_o these_o island_n trade_n be_v divers_a and_o different_a sort_n and_o colour_n of_o cotton_n linen_n which_o be_v make_v at_o cambaia_n cormandel_n and_o bengala_n call_v serass_n sarampurus_n cassus_fw-la sateposas_fw-la black_a cannequin_n red_a turrias_fw-la and_o divers_a other_o sort_n find_v make_v in_o the_o place_n abovesaid_a jacatra_n batavia_n alias_o jacatra_n here_o the_o hollander_n be_v find_v to_o be_v master_n of_o jacatra_n of_o late_a year_n call_v by_o they_o batavia_n the_o best_a and_o great_a port_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o rendezvous_n in_o these_o part_n where_o by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o have_v so_o fortify_v themselves_o that_o they_o prescribe_v law_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o endeavour_v to_o debar_v both_o english_a and_o all_o other_o from_o enjoy_v any_o benefit_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o jacatra_n coin_n current_a in_o java_n sunda_fw-la bantam_n jacatra_n in_o sunda_fw-la which_o i_o account_v here_o as_o the_o principal_a mart_n town_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n the_o great_a in_o java_n major_a they_o have_v no_o other_o kind_n of_o money_n than_o certain_a copper_n piece_n mint_v which_o they_o call_v caixa_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o be_v a_o hole_n to_o hang_v they_o on_o string_n for_o common_o they_o put_v 200_o or_o a_o 1000_o upon_o one_o string_n wherewith_o they_o make_v their_o payment_n as_o by_o this_o follow_a account_n a_o satta_n be_v 200_o caixas_n five_o satta_n be_v 1000_o caixa_n which_o be_v a_o crusado_n portugal_n money_n or_o about_o 6_o shilling_n sterling_a jacatra_n account_n in_o java_n bantam_n jacatra_n the_o merchant_n of_o europe_n here_o resident_a keep_v their_o account_n in_o â„ž_o â—_o â—_o and_o penny_n account_v 60_o penny_n to_o the_o â„ž_o â—_o â—_o spanish_a sunda_fw-la weight_n in_o java_n bantam_n jacatra_n japatra_n sunda_fw-la the_o weight_n at_o bantam_n jacatra_n japarra_n and_o at_o sunda_fw-la be_v the_o picul_n the_o cattee_n and_o babar_n a_o cattee_n being_n less_o than_o the_o cattee_n of_o maccau_n contain_v but_o 20_o ounce_n english_a and_o the_o other_o 20_o ¾_n ounce_n a_o picul_n be_v 100_o cattee_n and_o consequent_o be_v 125_o l._n english_a a_o bahar_n be_v 330_o cattee_n of_o china_n of_o 20_o ounce_n as_o abovesaid_a and_o may_v make_v in_o england_n 412_o l._n sunda_fw-la measure_n in_o java_n bantam_n jacatra_n japatra_n sunda_fw-la their_o measure_n for_o length_n be_v their_o dry_a measure_n for_o grain_n rice_n and_o pepper_n be_v a_o timbam_fw-la and_o contain_v ten_o sack_n principal_o use_v in_o pepper_n and_o rice_n consist_v of_o five_o picul_n so_o that_o by_o this_o computation_n each_o sack_n shall_v contain_v in_o weight_n 62½_n l._n english_a two_o sack_n for_o a_o picul_n javas_n price_n of_o commodity_n in_o javas_n the_o common_a price_n of_o commodity_n as_o i_o find_v they_o here_o observe_v be_v pepper_n of_o sunda_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o sack_n weigh_v ½_n a_o picul_n or_o 45_o cattee_n of_o china_n each_o cattee_n be_v 20_o ounce_n at_o 5000_o caixa_n and_o when_o it_o be_v at_o high_a at_o 6_o or_o 7000_o caixa_n mace_n clove_n nutmeg_n white_a and_o black_a benjamin_n and_o camphora_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o bahar_n good_a mace_n common_o sell_v for_o 120_o thousand_o caixa_n the_o bahar_n and_o good_a clove_n after_o the_o same_o rate_n but_o bad_a and_o foul_a clove_n be_v sell_v at_o 70_o or_o 80000_o caixa_n the_o bahar_n nutmeg_n common_o sell_v for_o 20_o or_o 25_o thousand_o caixa'_v the_o bahar_n white_a and_o black_a benjamin_n sell_v for_o 150_o or_o 180_o thousand_o caixa_n and_o if_o extraordinary_a good_a 200_o thousand_o the_o bahar_n but_o how_o far_o these_o agree_v with_o the_o now_o common_a current_a rate_n i_o refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v chap._n cv_o of_o summatra_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o summatra_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o summatra_n ancient_o traprobana_n and_o solomon_n suppose_v ophir_n be_v esteem_v the_o big_a island_n in_o the_o world_n but_o modern_a experience_n have_v find_v the_o contrary_a be_v only_o 700_o mile_n long_o and_o 200_o mile_n broad_a summatra_n commodity_n of_o the_o island_n summatra_n the_o aequator_fw-la cut_v through_o it_o so_o that_o the_o sun_n vicinity_n make_v it_o abound_v in_o several_a precious_a commodity_n for_o traffic_n as_o first_o it_o have_v pepper_n in_o abundance_n whereof_o above_o twenty_o ship_n of_o burden_n be_v hence_o yearly_o lade_v also_o ginger_n alces_fw-la cassia_n raw_a silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n brass_n and_o some_o other_o drug_n this_o island_n be_v subject_a to_o many_o prince_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v the_o king_n of_o pedor_n and_o achin_n it_o be_v here_o a_o custom_n that_o the_o native_n do_v eat_v their_o slay_a enemy_n and_o do_v erst_o account_v their_o skull_n for_o a_o great_a treasure_n which_o they_o exchange_v for_o other_o necessary_n he_o be_v account_v the_o rich_a man_n that_o have_v most_o store_n of_o they_o in_o his_o house_n this_o custom_n be_v almost_o extinguish_v for_o the_o trade_n of_o merchant_n from_o other_o country_n thither_o of_o late_a year_n have_v bring_v silver_n and_o gold_n in_o request_n among_o they_o have_v make_v they_o since_o know_v better_o summatra_n rarity_n find_v in_o summatra_n in_o this_o island_n be_v find_v a_o hill_n of_o brimstone_n continual_o burn_v and_o two_o very_a strange_a and_o admirable_a fountain_n the_o one_o yield_v pure_a and_o excellent_a balsamum_n and_o the_o other_o most_o excellent_a oil_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o island_n be_v daren_n pasen_n and_o androgede_o the_o habitation_n of_o so_o many_o king_n java_n achin_n tico_n jambe_n and_o priaman_n english_a factory_n in_o java_n but_o the_o principal_a place_n and_o part_n for_o trade_n know_v to_o the_o european_n be_v dachem_n or_o achin_n ticko_n jambe_n and_o priaman_n all_o maritime_a and_o good_a harbour_n where_o the_o english_a be_v find_v to_o have_v residence_n and_o factory_n also_o pedir_n campar_n and_o manancabo_n to_o the_o which_o the_o portugal_n general_o do_v trade_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n transport_v the_o native_a commedity_n of_o this_o their_o island_n to_o malucca_n which_o be_v not_o distant_a above_o twenty_o mile_n off_o be_v not_o much_o trouble_v with_o the_o portugal_n commerce_n though_o in_o lieu_n of_o they_o the_o dutch_a have_v of_o late_o get_v footing_n and_o build_v fortress_n to_o their_o as_o great_a trouble_n vexation_n and_o slavery_n etc._n coin_n current_a in_o summatra_n achin_n priaman_n etc._n etc._n within_o these_o few_o year_n these_o islander_n be_v not_o know_v to_o have_v any_o coin_n current_a in_o payment_n for_o merchandise_n among_o they_o but_o the_o skull_n of_o their_o slay_a enemy_n
respond_v with_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n and_o other_o place_n rotolo_n 100_o of_o cyprus_n make_v sotile_a venice_n 780_o l._n and_o of_o gross_a 480_o l._n which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v be_v about_o 522_o l._n english_a but_o i_o imagine_v this_o be_v account_v the_o cantar_n of_o famagusta_n which_o be_v 8_o per_fw-la cent_n great_a than_o that_o of_o aleppo_n which_o deduct_v be_v 42_o l._n there_o rest_v 480_o l._n averdupois_n the_o weight_n render_v of_o aleppo_n so_o that_o rotolo_n 21_o incirca_fw-la make_v 100_o l._n gross_a and_o rotolo_n 13½_n do_v make_v 100_o l._n sotile_a and_o rotolo_n 1_o be_v 7½_n sotile_a or_o 4_o l._n 8_o ounce_n gross_a of_o venice_n weight_n placo_n weight_n of_o cyprus_n compare_v with_o other_o placo_n again_o i_o find_v these_o observation_n make_v on_o the_o weight_n of_o cyprus_n for_o cotton_n viz._n 100_o rotolo_n of_o cyprus_n cotton_v have_v make_v in_o venice_n 750_o l._n which_o be_v 30_o l._n less_o than_o the_o aforesaid_a note_n which_o be_v mean_v of_o famagusta_n and_o have_v make_v in_o naples_n 671_o l._n bolonia_n 627_o l._n montpelier_n 678_o l._n barcelona_n 564_o l._n sevil_n 589_o l._n paris_n 448_o l._n marseli_fw-la 567_o l._n genoa_n 710_o l._n florence_n 656_o l._n milan_n 678_o l._n avignon_n 570_o l._n bruges_n 555_o l._n rome_n 631_o l._n london_n 506_o l._n the_o truth_n whereof_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o experience_a cyprus_n measure_n of_o cyprus_n measure_n of_o length_n be_v here_o two_o fort_n first_o the_o pico_n by_o which_o be_v sell_v all_o woollen_a cloth_n and_o silk_n account_v 26½_n inch_n and_o the_o brace_n by_o which_o be_v sell_v linen_n be_v 1_o 16_o long_o than_o the_o pico_n abovesaid_a the_o 100_o pico_n render_v in_o venice_n 125_o woollen_a brace_n and_o 116_o of_o silk_n brace_n wine_n of_o wine_n wine_n be_v sell_v here_o by_o the_o cuss_v 7_o cuss_n make_v 6_o fetch_n of_o venetian_n which_o be_v a_o candie_n barrel_n so_o that_o a_o cuss_v and_o a_o half_a and_o a_o zant_n jar_n be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o bigness_n oil_n of_o oil_n oil_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n which_o weigh_v 2½_n oak_n which_o be_v account_v for_o 1000_o dram_n grain_n of_o grain_n grain_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o moose_n which_o weigh_v 40_o oak_n and_o 2½_n moose_v or_o 100_o oak_n make_v one_o staio_n in_o venetia_n salt_n of_o salt_n salt_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o moose_n 1000_o moose_n here_o of_o salt_n make_v 14_o moose_n in_o the_o account_n of_o venetia_n also_o some_o grain_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o coffino_n 100_o whereof_o make_v 24_o in_o 25_o stera's_fw-la of_o venetia_n which_o be_v bushel_n english_a archipelago_n island_n rhodes_n seat_v among_o the_o isle_n archipelago_n in_o this_o part_n of_o asia_n follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o author_n be_v the_o island_n of_o rhodes_n seat_v formerly_z the_o habitation_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o st._n john_n now_o a_o beyque_a of_o the_o turk_n and_o where_o for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o port_n there_o be_v maintain_v a_o squadron_n of_o his_o galley_n yearly_o employ_v to_o clear_v and_o protect_v those_o sea_n matter_n of_o trade_n present_v here_o i_o have_v here_o willing_o omit_v and_o place_v the_o same_o among_o the_o island_n of_o the_o archipelago_n to_o which_o place_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n and_o who_o desire_v to_o see_v further_o thereof_o chap._n cix_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o asia_n as_o it_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n asia_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o asia_n to_o conclude_v then_o the_o trade_n and_o traffic_n of_o asia_n in_o general_a it_o be_v comprehend_v within_o a_o few_o principal_a city_n thereof_o as_o first_o in_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n in_o aleppe_n smyrna_n constantinople_n alexandria_n balsara_n and_o baruti_fw-la and_o damascus_n in_o persia_n dominion_n in_o scirus_n ormus_n casbin_n gilan_n and_o hispahan_n and_o in_o india_n and_o these_o coast_n at_o goa_n malacca_n siam_n pegu_n cochin_n calicut_n mesulapatan_n and_o the_o island_n of_o java_n japan_n summatra_n molucco_n in_o tartary_n in_o astraca_n capha_n sarmacand_n and_o cambalu_n etc._n etc._n the_o turkish_a nation_n afford_v not_o many_o merchant_n of_o note_n yet_o some_o be_v find_v that_o from_o constantinople_n do_v drive_v a_o trade_n by_o sea_n to_o venice_n cairo_n trapesond_n capoa_n and_o some_o few_o other_o place_n and_o some_o again_o that_o with_o caravan_n by_o land_n drive_v a_o trade_n from_o aleppo_n damascus_n and_o egypt_n to_o the_o red-sea_n and_o to_o mecha_n but_o these_o i_o may_v more_o proper_o account_v arabian_n then_o natural_a turk_n who_o in_o general_n have_v be_v esteem_v in_o time_n past_a and_o yet_o be_v more_o industrious_a and_o better_o verse_v in_o manual_a art_n than_o in_o the_o mystery_n of_o merchandize_v but_o now_o they_o have_v all_o well_o near_o lose_v that_o attribute_n and_o whole_o addict_v themselves_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o grand_a seignior_n tyranny_n to_o no_o further_a trade_n than_o what_o necessity_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n compel_v they_o therefore_o not_o much_o worth_n here_o further_a consideration_n but_o those_o several_a nation_n inhabit_v the_o large_a coast_n of_o india_n persia_n and_o these_o abovementioned_a island_n be_v find_v to_o be_v more_o addict_v thereto_o and_o of_o great_a eminency_n and_o be_v find_v by_o their_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n to_o have_v raise_v to_o themselves_o estate_n in_o these_o country_n equal_a to_o many_o of_o our_o european_a duke_n and_o great_a earl_n whereof_o the_o gusurat_n and_o canarin_n the_o frugal_a and_o proper_a inhabitant_n of_o india_n be_v account_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a occasion_v partly_o by_o their_o excellent_a subtlety_n in_o account_n and_o number_v and_o partly_o by_o the_o late_a navigation_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o european_n arabian_n and_o other_o remote_a nation_n among_o they_o who_o bring_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n no_o other_o commodity_n but_o plate_n and_o silver_n in_o rial_n of_o ½_n which_o they_o there_o exchange_v for_o the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o india_n as_o their_o clove_n mace_n nâ—…megs_n pepper_n diamond_n emerald_n ruby_n pearl_n and_o such_o other_o the_o precious_a ware_n of_o these_o country_n the_o persian_a nation_n challenge_v also_o a_o large_a share_n in_o this_o trade_n of_o asia_n occasion_v by_o their_o excellent_a and_o industrious_a fabric_n and_o their_o natural_a plenty_n of_o raw_a silk_n which_o from_o they_o be_v abundant_o transport_v and_o spread_v over_o all_o the_o world_n and_o their_o sumptuous_a adorn_v and_o curiosity_n of_o live_v draw_v to_o they_o by_o exchange_v the_o riches_n and_o commodity_n of_o india_n and_o china_n and_o other_o place_n the_o arabian_n as_o possess_v a_o great_a part_n of_o asia_n may_v not_o here_o be_v omit_v among_o which_o be_v find_v many_o eminent_a merchant_n not_o only_a trade_n by_o camel_n with_o caravan_n from_o turkey_n into_o egypt_n and_o other_o place_n and_o into_o the_o red-sea_n but_o also_o from_o aleppo_n to_o babylon_n balsara_n and_o so_o to_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o also_o by_o sea_n not_o only_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o siâ—dy_n india_n chormandel_n siam_n pegu_n and_o the_o island_n aforesaid_a where_o many_o mahometan_a prince_n be_v find_v to_o bear_v rule_n but_o also_o at_o suachem_n melinda_n brava_n and_o quiloa_n and_o many_o other_o part_n and_o port_n of_o africa_n neither_o among_o all_o these_o abovementioned_a nation_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o general_a to_o afford_v merchant_n of_o eminency_n and_o note_n and_o to_o have_v a_o country_n for_o particular_a residence_n to_o themselves_o and_o where_o their_o prince_n do_v bear_v sovereignty_n be_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o jew_n to_o be_v omit_v or_o forget_v who_o though_o by_o the_o curse_n of_o the_o almighty_a be_v scatter_v and_o disperse_v as_o it_o be_v over_o the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o be_v permit_v with_o some_o limitation_n and_o restriction_n their_o abode_n in_o several_a country_n pay_v for_o their_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n of_o residence_n and_o commerce_n both_o great_a and_o large_a annual_a contribution_n in_o sundry_a place_n yet_o by_o their_o ingeniousness_n in_o trade_n and_o their_o expertness_n in_o art_n and_o their_o subtlety_n in_o the_o valuation_n of_o prince_n coin_n and_o their_o skill_n in_o account_n they_o be_v find_v in_o all_o these_o afore-named_n country_n to_o be_v both_o eminent_a and_o rich_a merchant_n trade_v as_o well_o by_o land_n as_o by_o sea_n through_o all_o these_o afore-named_n country_n and_o by_o their_o craft_n and_o art_n raise_v to_o themselves_o eminence_n and_o great_a estate_n thereby_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v a_o share_n of_o this_o asian_a trade_n to_o the_o chinoese_a tartarian_n and_o other_o
great_a nation_n but_o my_o ignorance_n herein_o do_v silence_v i_o therefore_o it_o shall_v content_v i_o to_o have_v survey_v it_o in_o the_o general_n and_o to_o have_v leave_v behind_o i_o what_o observation_n i_o have_v be_v able_a to_o collect_v of_o the_o traffic_n and_o trader_n of_o those_o vast_a and_o large_a territory_n and_o country_n know_v that_o their_o strange_a custom_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o law_n and_o government_n debar_v all_o easy_a access_n into_o their_o dominion_n and_o what_o other_o must_v not_o dare_v to_o see_v i_o must_v not_o dare_v to_o offer_v to_o recount_v to_o conclude_v then_o have_v thus_o run_v over_o and_o survey_v the_o general_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n of_o asia_n i_o will_v now_o turn_v myself_o towards_o europe_n the_o last_o division_n of_o the_o world_n and_o of_o this_o work_n and_o as_o the_o best_a know_v to_o we_o and_o the_o best_a repute_v of_o we_o of_o europe_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n cx_o of_o europe_n the_o last_o division_n of_o the_o world_n here_o handle_v and_o the_o kingdom_n thereof_o part_n europe_n 15_o part_n europe_n which_o i_o have_v willing_o omit_v as_o last_v and_o principal_a come_v now_o to_o be_v survey_v that_o the_o trade_n thereof_o may_v the_o better_o appear_v in_o her_o particular_a province_n and_o city_n shall_v be_v in_o prerogative_n of_o worth_a the_o chief_a and_o first_o but_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n i_o show_v the_o best_a last_n and_o the_o worst_a first_o europe_n then_o be_v divide_v into_o these_o province_n and_o island_n 1_o spain_n 2_o france_n 3_o italy_n 4_o belgia_n 5_o germany_n 6_o denmark_n 7_o norway_n 8_o sweden_n 9_o muscovia_n 10_o poland_n 11_o hungary_n 12_o dacia_n 13_o slavonia_n 14_o graecia_n the_o island_n of_o europe_n be_v disperse_v through_o these_o sea_n 1_o greek_a sea_n 2_o egean_a sea_n 3_o cretan_a sea_n 4_o ionian_a sea_n 5_o adriatic_a sea_n 6_o mediterranean_a sea_n 7_o british_a sea_n 8_o northern_a sea_n of_o all_o which_o in_o order_n and_o of_o each_o of_o these_o division_n in_o order_n chap._n cxi_o of_o spain_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o spain_n spain_n spain_n the_o most_o western_a continent_n of_o europe_n be_v environ_v on_o all_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n except_o towards_o france_n from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n and_o the_o fortress_n of_o pampelona_n on_o the_o northwest_n and_o perpignan_n on_o the_o southeast_n spain_n commodity_n of_o spain_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n yield_v for_o merchandise_n be_v wine_n sugar_n oil_n metal_n liquorish_a rice_n silk_n wool_n cork_n rosin_n steel_n orange_n lemon_n raisin_n almond_n etc._n etc._n anniseed_n anchovy_n soda_fw-it barillia_fw-la fig_n tunny-fish_n iron_n shumack_n saffron_n soap_n coriander_n hony_n wax_n etc._n etc._n spain_n be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o twelve_o province_n which_o former_o be_v petty_a kingdom_n viz._n 1._o leon_n &_o oviedo_n 2._o navarre_n 3._o corduba_n 4._o gallicia_n 5._o biscay_n 6._o toledo_n 7._o murâ—ia_n 8._o castille_n 9_o portugal_n 10_o valentia_n 11._o catalonia_n 12._o arragon_n of_o which_o in_o order_n with_o their_o city_n of_o note_n and_o traffic_v 2._o leon_n 1_o oviedo_n 2._o in_o leon_n and_o oviedo_n i_o find_v no_o city_n of_o trade_n memorable_a the_o city_n of_o leon_n be_v the_o principal_a and_o be_v the_o principality_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o spain_n under_o the_o name_n of_o asturiaâ—_n 2._o navarra_n 2._o in_o navarre_n be_v of_o note_n the_o city_n of_o pampelona_n famous_a for_o her_o fortification_n and_o not_o for_o her_o negotiation_n 4._o corduba_n 4._o corduba_n be_v account_v the_o most_o fertile_a soil_n of_o all_o spain_n and_o have_v corduba_n for_o a_o principal_a city_n from_o whence_o come_v that_o excellent_a cordovant_n leather_n know_v to_o we_o 2._o marchena_n a_o principal_a breeder_n of_o the_o best_a genets_n in_o spain_n also_o 3._o medina_n sidonia_n who_o duke_n be_v principal_a commander_n of_o that_o pretend_a invincible_a armado_n 1588._o also_o lucardi_n barameda_n a_o great_a haven-town_n xere_n which_o yield_v the_o wine_n know_v sherry_n sack_n because_o the_o spaniard_n be_v find_v to_o pronounce_v x_o as_o sh_n in_o english_a and_o also_o sevil_n which_o require_v according_a to_o my_o method_n for_o her_o worth_n and_o eminency_n of_o trade_n a_o chapter_n by_o itself_o chap._n xciii_o of_o sevil_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o sevil_n be_v account_v the_o fair_a city_n of_o all_o spain_n in_o compass_n six_o mile_n environ_v with_o beautiful_a wall_n and_o adorn_v with_o many_o stately_a building_n as_o palace_n church_n and_o monastery_n one_o whereof_o be_v endow_v with_o 25000_o crown_n annual_a rent_n the_o river_n baetis_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n yet_o join_v by_o a_o stately_a bridge_n from_o hence_o the_o spaniard_n set_v out_o towards_o the_o western_a india_n and_o hither_o return_v again_o to_o unlade_v the_o riches_n of_o those_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o principal_o be_v find_v to_o be_v silver_n tobacco_n ginger_n cotton_n sugar_n brasil_n and_o ferinand_n bucquewood_n and_o some_o drug_n here_o be_v 30000_o geneâ—s_n maintain_v continual_o for_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n his_o service_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n be_v of_o that_o greatness_n that_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n the_o custom_n of_o this_o town_n only_o be_v worth_a unto_o the_o king_n half_o a_o million_o of_o gold_n yearly_a and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o sevil_n be_v hold_v so_o rich_a that_o his_o rend_a amount_n to_o 100000_o crown_n yearly_a and_o have_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n 2000_o small_a village_n and_o consequent_o in_o his_o whole_a diocese_n 2000_o benefice_n beside_o friary_n nunnery_n and_o hospital_n and_o esteem_v the_o next_o in_o degree_n to_o he_o of_o toledo_n the_o rarity_n of_o this_o place_n i_o willing_o omit_v as_o well_o know_v to_o out_o nation_n madera_n account_n keep_v in_o sevil_n and_o madera_n in_o sevil_n madera_n etc._n etc._n the_o merchant_n keep_v their_o account_n by_o marvedy_n of_o which_o 375_o be_v esteem_v to_o make_v a_o ducat_n of_o exx_n o_o 11_o rial_n every_o rial_n be_v 37_o mal._n and_o so_o be_v but_o 374_o mal._n but_o our_o english_a there_o resident_a keep_v their_o account_n in_o rial_n of_o 34._o mal._n the_o rial_n sevil_n coin_n of_o sevil_n their_o current_a money_n be_v these_o a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n of_o sevil_n be_v worth_a 375_o marvedy_n account_v 5_o s._n 6_o d._n sterl_n a_o rial_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a in_o sevil_n 34_o marvedy_n and_o be_v so_o worth_a throughout_o all_o spain_n which_o be_v account_v 6_o d._n sterling_a money_n a_o dobra_n current_n be_v worth_a of_o carlin_n money_n â—1_n â—7_n marvedy_n every_o 1000_o dobras_n be_v 80_o v._o 883_o marvedy_n and_o be_v account_v in_o merchandise_n 71_o mar._n and_o be_v worth_a in_o valentia_n at_o even_a hand_n 4_o sold._n 7._o den._n 1_o 10_o of_o valentia_n money_n without_o charge_n of_o exch._n a_o dobra_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a 375_o marvedy_n or_o be_v above_o a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n a_o castilian_a of_o merchandise_n be_v worth_a 485_o marvedy_n about_o 7_o s._n star_z vide_fw-la money_n in_o castille_n current_n in_o all_o spain_n sevil._n exchange_n in_o sevil._n their_o exx_n o_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o imaginary_a ducat_n of_o 375_o mar._n payable_a in_o banco_n with_o five_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la which_o be_v the_o banco_n salary_n or_o without_o the_o banco_n to_o be_v pay_v without_o the_o same_o and_o this_o ducat_n be_v common_o term_v ducato_n de_fw-fr oro_fw-la or_o de_fw-fr peso_fw-mi and_o be_v worth_a as_o above_o 375_o marvedy_n in_o sevil_n they_o make_v their_o payment_n as_o follow_v if_o you_o say_v in_o ducat_n di_fw-it oro_fw-la oâ—_n de_fw-fr castilia_n upon_o banco_n those_o be_v then_o pay_v in_o banco_n without_o loss_n at_o all_o but_o if_o you_o say_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o so_o many_o ducat_n doro_n in_o pistolet_n forth_o of_o banco_n they_o will_v pay_v in_o the_o say_a money_n but_o if_o it_o be_v say_v to_o pay_v in_o carlins_n it_o will_v cost_v ½_n and_o sometime_o ¾_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la loss_n but_o because_o i_o have_v at_o large_a in_o the_o tract_n of_o exchange_n in_o the_o chapter_n 294_o and_o 426_o treat_v of_o the_o exchange_n of_o this_o place_n therefore_o i_o will_v to_o avoid_v repetition_n refer_v the_o reader_n thereunto_o for_o further_a and_o ample_a satisfaction_n sevil._n weight_n of_o sevil._n there_o be_v use_v in_o sevil_n three_o weight_n or_o kintars_n as_o first_o the_o small_a which_o comprehend_v 112_o l._n of_o four_o rove_n of_o 28_o pound_n a_o rove_n the_o next_o be_v of_o 120_o l._n of_o four_o rove_n of_o 30_o l._n to_o a_o rove_n the_o
32_o l._n per_fw-la rove_n which_o at_o lisbon_n be_v 5_o quintal_n great_a 480_o aracoles_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v discern_v that_o as_o sevil_n have_v give_v the_o weight_n to_o the_o west-indies_n discover_v by_o the_o spaniard_n so_o have_v not_o lisbon_n but_o in_o part_n give_v the_o weight_n to_o the_o east-indies_n who_o have_v among_o themselves_o there_o a_o eminent_a trade_n and_o consequent_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o before_o the_o portugal_n discover_v the_o same_o london_n measure_n of_o spain_n reduce_v to_o 100_o yard_n in_o london_n as_o for_o the_o measure_n of_o both_o these_o kingdom_n as_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o weight_n in_o reduce_v it_o to_o the_o london_n 100_o l._n subtle_a so_o will_v i_o reduce_v the_o measure_n thereof_o to_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n which_o render_v in_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n be_v in_o castilia_n 111_o vares_n of_o 4_o quartos_fw-la and_o every_o quart_n 2_o palm_n toledo_n 111_o vares_n cade_n 108_o vares_n  _fw-fr ditto_n for_o silk_n 148_o ells._n  _fw-fr andalusia_n 109_o vares_n  _fw-fr arragon_n 57_o cane_n  _fw-fr saragosa_n 44_o cane_n  _fw-fr morocco_n 181_o covad_n both_o these_o of_o 12_o to_o oâ—…_n cove_n cap_n dalgier_n 141_o covad_n sivilia_fw-la 109_o vares_n  _fw-fr granado_n 109_o vares_n  _fw-fr barcelona_n 57_o cane_n  _fw-fr valentia_n 97_o cane_n  _fw-fr lisbon_n 82_o vares_n  _fw-fr ditto_n for_o 109_o vares_n  _fw-fr ditto_n for_o silk_n 96_o covade_v  _fw-fr chap._n cxxi_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o portugal_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n spain_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o portugal_n and_o spain_n the_o navigation_n and_o discovery_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o portugal_n into_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n though_o they_o carry_v to_o the_o world_n at_o first_o the_o specious_a colour_n of_o piety_n and_o religion_n by_o plant_v their_o superstition_n in_o these_o heathen_a country_n yet_o ambition_n and_o profit_n be_v doubtless_o the_o secret_a design_n of_o their_o intendment_n portugal_n who_o king_n first_o seek_v those_o unknown_a region_n of_o the_o east-indies_n and_o seek_v discover_v and_o discover_v in_o part_n conquer_v present_o make_v strict_a law_n and_o prohibition_n for_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n to_o trade_n for_o certain_a the_o richeâ—_n commodity_n thereof_o but_o himself_o and_o thereupon_o settle_v his_o contrataction-house_n in_o lisbon_n where_o those_o commodity_n shall_v be_v sell_v weigh_v and_o deliver_v and_o these_o bargain_n be_v make_v by_o commissioner_n appoint_v by_o he_o be_v first_o from_o they_o call_v royal_a contract_n and_o thus_o for_o a_o long_a time_n it_o continue_v till_o his_o subject_n have_v make_v further_a and_o ample_a discovery_n of_o those_o region_n for_o their_o better_a encouragement_n and_o to_o induce_v his_o people_n to_o those_o navigation_n be_v permit_v they_o afterward_o a_o ample_a and_o large_a liberty_n of_o that_o trade_n reserve_v certain_a particular_a commodity_n only_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o benefit_n neither_o do_v it_o otherwise_o appear_v in_o the_o camage_n of_o those_o who_o be_v discoverer_n of_o the_o west-indies_n which_o we_o find_v to_o be_v the_o spaniard_n see_v though_o there_o want_v not_o fair_a and_o plausible_a demonstration_n of_o win_v the_o soul_n of_o those_o pooe_n people_n yet_o by_o million_o they_o be_v slaughter_v butcher_a and_o slay_v make_v a_o devastation_n in_o thâ—_n country_n of_o those_o innocent_a inhabitant_n as_o if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o way_n to_o the_o eternal_a life_n of_o the_o soâ—_n but_o by_o a_o present_a death_n of_o the_o body_n aim_v thereby_o as_o may_v be_v conjecture_v particular_o at_o the_o possession_n only_o of_o their_o estate_n which_o by_o many_o death_n and_o torment_n be_v draw_v from_o theâ—…_n and_o convert_v to_o their_o own_o and_o their_o soverain_n treasury_n as_o appear_v to_o the_o scandal_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o of_o their_o king_n in_o sundry_a of_o their_o own_o author_n publish_v in_o many_o language_n these_o two_o country_n then_o thus_o discover_v and_o thus_o by_o rapine_n get_v and_o settle_v and_o since_o unite_v together_o under_o one_o king_n have_v afford_v the_o present_a matter_n of_o trade_n of_o all_o spain_n and_o portugal_n which_o before_o that_o time_n afford_v not_o any_o commodity_n almost_o whereby_o trade_n may_v be_v as_o much_o as_o discern_v much_o less_o maintain_v and_o now_o lisbon_n for_o the_o east_n and_o sevil_n for_o the_o west-indies_n be_v become_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o the_o rich_a commodity_n those_o two_o country_n do_v afford_v and_o so_o continue_v till_o england_n and_o holland_n by_o their_o late_a navigation_n share_v with_o they_o in_o the_o â—…fick_n and_o riches_n thereof_o which_o yet_o be_v see_v to_o be_v but_o as_o petty_a branch_n come_v from_o the_o principal_a channel_n but_o the_o west-indies_n afford_v to_o they_o great_a quantity_n of_o silver_n by_o the_o mine_n thereof_o which_o now_o be_v find_v so_o abundant_o plentiful_a in_o the_o world_n may_v be_v call_v indeed_o and_o in_o effect_v their_o best_a commodity_n which_o ever_o since_o its_o first_o coinage_n they_o have_v maintain_v in_o its_o prime_a weight_n and_o sineness_n which_o many_o of_o their_o politician_n have_v go_v about_o at_o several_a time_n to_o inhanse_v as_o if_o it_o will_v have_v prove_v a_o great_a benefit_n to_o their_o commonwealth_n but_o wise_a judgement_n have_v discover_v that_o the_o raise_n of_o these_o money_n in_o spain_n will_v prove_v altogether_o prejudicial_a to_o that_o state_n for_o all_o these_o commodity_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o they_o which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o stand_v in_o great_a need_n of_o be_v necessary_a either_o for_o back_n or_o belly_n will_v soon_o vanish_v do_v not_o these_o their_o money_n allure_v and_o attract_v they_o and_o contrariwise_o it_o may_v be_v hence_o imagine_v and_o i_o think_v grant_v that_o what_o other_o prince_n soever_o do_v inhanse_v his_o silver_n or_o the_o money_n of_o his_o country_n it_o must_v needs_o prove_v to_o his_o own_o proper_a prejudice_n and_o the_o spaniard_n gain_n because_o they_o raise_v and_o inhanse_v a_o commodity_n which_o be_v not_o they_o real_o but_o transport_v to_o they_o at_o second_o hand_n by_o merchant_n and_o other_o and_o of_o which_o though_o happy_o possess_v some_o small_a silver_n mine_n of_o their_o own_o yet_o the_o gross_a be_v still_o he_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o his_o quantity_n and_o abundance_n exceed_v they_o as_o for_o the_o other_o commodity_n which_o those_o country_n afford_v we_o and_o many_o other_o nation_n be_v with_o the_o same_o from_o alexandria_n and_o venice_n at_o first_o supply_v and_o then_o hence_o but_o now_o have_v find_v the_o way_n to_o the_o spring_n head_n we_o deign_v not_o to_o buy_v of_o they_o at_o the_o second_o hand_n except_o such_o of_o which_o their_o prince_n reserve_v to_o themselves_o a_o peculiar_a interest_n either_o by_o farm_v the_o same_o to_o their_o subject_n or_o keep_v the_o same_o in_o their_o own_o hand_n or_o by_o exclude_v all_o other_o nation_n from_o the_o trade_n thereof_o and_o these_o we_o and_o other_o be_v constrain_v to_o have_v from_o they_o in_o which_o number_n may_v be_v account_v sugar_n tobacco_n ginger_n and_o some_o other_o drug_n and_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o west-indies_n in_o general_n now_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n both_o of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n they_o be_v in_o general_a lover_n of_o merchandize_v and_o traffic_n neither_o so_o much_o despise_v it_o as_o the_o french_a nor_o yet_o so_o much_o addict_v thereto_o as_o the_o italian_n yet_o more_o willing_o adventure_v their_o estate_n at_o sea_n than_o they_o who_o herein_o be_v find_v to_o distrust_v the_o providence_n of_o almighty_n god_n in_o a_o lawful_a call_n and_o prefer_v their_o own_o wisdom_n and_o providence_n on_o land_n before_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o almighty_a at_o sea_n and_o as_o they_o be_v wellwisher_n to_o trade_n so_o be_v they_o find_v in_o a_o large_a measure_n to_o practice_v it_o in_o such_o city_n as_o occasion_n and_o commodity_n do_v either_o present_a or_o permit_v for_o both_o in_o sevil_n and_o lisbon_n be_v find_v merchant_n of_o great_a eminency_n but_o yet_o be_v such_o as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n bend_v their_o traffic_n into_o both_o the_o indies_n and_o no_o where_o else_o except_o peradventure_o a_o little_a to_o antwerp_n in_o flanders_n and_o into_o naples_n and_o sicilia_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o which_o seldom_o be_v note_v to_o adventure_v their_o estate_n or_o have_v any_o factor_n resident_a but_o where_o their_o king_n be_v chief_a and_o sovereign_n the_o raw_a silk_n wine_n and_o fruit_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v the_o prime_a commodity_n of_o import_n it_o now_o yield_v as_o also_o olive_n raisin_n fig_n almond_n
etc._n etc._n which_o the_o english_a fetch_n from_o they_o in_o great_a abundance_n so_o that_o it_o be_v of_o late_a year_n observe_v that_o the_o planter_n of_o these_o fruit_n and_o their_o wine_n merchant_n have_v by_o our_o overgreedy_a purchase_n of_o these_o commodity_n raise_v to_o themselves_o fair_a estate_n two_o thing_n i_o observe_v during_o my_o abode_n here_o that_o be_v great_a let_n and_o impediment_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o one_o be_v the_o banishment_n of_o the_o moor_n that_o here_o in_o great_a number_n inhabit_a who_o painful_o and_o industrious_o manure_v their_o land_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n and_o thrifty_a live_n raise_v to_o their_o landlord_n and_o to_o themselves_o good_a and_o great_a estate_n the_o which_o now_o for_o many_o thousand_o thousand_o acre_n lie_v waste_v and_o desolate_a whole_a town_n and_o village_n be_v depopulate_v and_o the_o lord_n castle_n and_o manor_n appear_v ruin_v and_o decay_a want_v the_o pain_n of_o these_o poor_a people_n that_o give_v their_o lord_n and_o lordship_n mean_n of_o subsistency_n the_o second_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o many_o genoa_n merchant_n among_o they_o who_o be_v find_v in_o good_a number_n to_o abide_v in_o every_o good_a city_n especial_o on_o the_o sea_n coast_n who_o skill_n and_o acuteness_n in_o trade_n far_o surpass_v the_o natural_a spaniard_n or_o portugal_n and_o who_o by_o mean_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o continual_a practice_n of_o exchange_n be_v find_v to_o devour_v that_o bread_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n may_v otherwise_o be_v sufficient_o say_v with_o and_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v ever_o engage_v to_o their_o commonwealth_n for_o great_a and_o vast_a sum_n at_o interest_n he_o be_v their_o debtor_n not_o only_o for_o their_o money_n but_o a_o so_o for_o their_o favour_n which_o by_o many_o immunity_n throughout_o his_o kingdom_n he_o be_v find_v continual_o to_o requite_v they_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o genoa_n merchant_n resident_a in_o spain_n in_o any_o part_n but_o have_v a_o particular_a licence_n to_o export_v the_o rial_n and_o plate_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o a_o certain_a round_a sum_n yearly_o which_o they_o seldom_o use_v real_o to_o do_v but_o sell_v the_o same_o to_o other_o nation_n that_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v their_o return_n in_o plate_n for_o want_v of_o other_o more_o beneficial_a commodity_n which_o for_o the_o certain_a profit_n it_o be_v find_v ever_o to_o yield_v in_o other_o country_n be_v often_o prefer_v before_o all_o the_o other_o commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n a_o three_o reason_n of_o hindrance_n i_o may_v add_v hereto_o which_o be_v though_o current_a coin_n wherein_o all_o commodity_n be_v sell_v and_o buy_v for_o in_o many_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n base_a and_o of_o copper_n and_o brass_n which_o to_o convert_v into_o rial_n and_o good_a money_n be_v find_v to_o cost_v the_o change_n in_o some_o place_n 5_o in_o some_o 10_o in_o some_o 15_o in_o some_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v the_o first_o penny_n the_o great_a custom_n also_o pay_v in_o many_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v likewise_o a_o great_a let_v and_o hinderer_n of_o trade_n in_o general_a which_o wherefoever_o the_o same_o be_v by_o the_o sovereign_n levy_v will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o insensible_o devour_v and_o consume_v a_o flourish_a traffic_n and_o enforce_v the_o suffer_a merchant_n either_o total_o to_o give_v over_o or_o bend_v his_o trade_n where_o he_o shall_v find_v the_o burden_n thereof_o light_a and_o more_o easy_o to_o be_v bear_v and_o endure_v now_o as_o for_o commodity_n which_o other_o nation_n be_v find_v to_o bring_v unto_o they_o and_o of_o which_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n partly_o to_o supply_v their_o own_o necessity_n and_o partly_o to_o maintain_v their_o west-india_n traffic_n as_o this_o england_n bring_v they_o great_a store_n of_o newlandish_a fish_n irish_a salmon_n pilchard_n herring_n lead_v tin_n calves-skin_n bays_n say_v serge_n and_o other_o english_a manufacture_n and_o in_o return_n have_v only_o thence_o wine_n fruit_n oil_n some_o indigo_n and_o sugar_n ginger_n and_o the_o like_a india_n commodity_n east_n country_n furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n cordage_n mast_n pitch_n tar_n rosin_n fir-board_n and_o other_o timber_n and_o only_o return_v thence_o the_o commodity_n abovenamed_a only_o it_o be_v ever_o lawful_a to_o he_o that_o bring_v corn_n to_o carry_v out_o rial_n of_o plate_n in_o return_n thereof_o france_n send_v they_o corn_n linen_n paper_n and_o some_o petty_a manufacture_n and_o return_v thence_o plate_n wine_n fruit_n and_o some_o india_n spice_n italy_n afford_v they_o some_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n and_o have_v in_o return_v some_o raw_a silk_n segovia_n wool_n barillia_fw-la and_o such_o like_a and_o herein_o be_v comprehend_v the_o general_a traffic_n of_o spain_n at_o this_o time_n so_o pass_v the_o pyrenaean_n i_o will_v enter_v into_o france_n chap._n cxxii_o of_o france_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o france_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o france_n be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a kingdom_n of_o europe_n and_o it_o be_v the_o best_a that_o can_v subsist_v without_o the_o help_n of_o other_o it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o british_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o aquitain_n sea_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n east_n with_o the_o alps_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n rhine_n and_o a_o imaginary_a line_n draw_v from_o strasburg_n to_o callais_n france_n commodity_n of_o france_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n to_o her_o neighbour_n three_o natural_a notable_a commodity_n corn_n wine_n and_o salt_n the_o farm_n of_o salt_n only_o yearly_o bring_v into_o the_o king_n coffin_n 100000_o crown_n beside_o which_o it_o yield_v oil_n almond_n soap_n canvas_n coral_n paper_n wool_n linen_n fine_a and_o course_n nut_n beef_n and_o of_o late_a some_o stuff_n and_o cloth_n make_v of_o woollen_a etc._n etc._n there_o be_v reckon_v in_o this_o kingdom_n 25_o province_n the_o notable_a city_n of_o traffic_n find_v therein_o i_o shall_v orderly_o handle_v aquitania_n aquitania_n the_o first_o province_n be_v aquitain_n wherein_o be_v sound_v the_o note_a city_n of_o tholousa_n bourdeaâ—…_n and_o rochel_n of_o which_o a_o word_n in_o brief_a chap._n cxxiii_o of_o tholousa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o tholausa_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tholousa_n be_v the_o parliament_n seat_n of_o aquitain_n and_o stand_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n gurâ—…_n which_o hence_o run_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o bordeaux_n and_o blay_n and_o so_o to_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v very_o plentiful_a in_o pastil_n or_o woad_n which_o hence_o be_v disperse_v into_o several_a country_n the_o country_n 〈◊〉_d afford_v any_o other_o notable_a commodity_n worth_n mention_v account_n coin_n and_o account_n their_o money_n be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o all_o france_n which_o in_o part_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o shall_v handle_v their_o account_n also_o here_o keep_v be_v as_o through_o all_o france_n in_o general_n in_o liver_n or_o frank_n soul_n and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n to_o a_o soul_n 20_o soul_n to_o a_o live_v or_o frank._n tholousa_n weight_n of_o tholousa_n the_o 100_o l._n or_o kintar_n of_o tholousa_n have_v be_v observe_v in_o woad_n for_o dyer_n to_z make_v in_o england_n 124_o l._n and_o the_o cargo_n by_o which_o the_o same_o be_v common_o sell_v to_o be_v 372_o l._n tholousa_n measure_n of_o tholousa_n the_o measure_n of_o this_o country_n be_v call_v the_o aulin_n and_o make_v in_o england_n 42_o inch_n by_o the_o rule_n tholousa_n woad_n of_o tholousa_n note_v that_o in_o tholousa_n there_o be_v a_o cantar_n also_o of_o 112_o l._n which_o be_v in_o use_n in_o all_o other_o commodity_n woad_n except_v sell_v by_o the_o cargo_n as_o above_o be_v mention_v and_o be_v hence_o send_v to_o narbon_n and_o thence_o disperse_v into_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n chap._n cxxiv_o of_o bordeaux_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o bordeaux_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o burdeaux_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n geronde_v before_o mention_v plentiful_o abound_v in_o those_o wine_n which_o be_v white_a and_o claret_n be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o this_o city_n here_o be_v also_o near_o this_o city_n the_o little_a village_n of_o le_fw-fr greve_n which_o give_v name_n to_o those_o grave_a wine_n which_o we_o esteem_v so_o excellent_a and_o between_o this_o town_n and_o tholousa_n lie_v those_o rich_a ground_n which_o yield_v those_o sweet_a wine_n by_o we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o high_a country_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bordeaux_n know_v
their_o worth_n will_v hinder_v the_o sale_n and_o exportation_n of_o they_o of_o that_o growth_n do_v therefore_o prohibit_v the_o same_o to_o be_v land_v or_o sell_v in_o their_o town_n till_o christmas_n day_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o then_o these_o high_a country_n merchant_n be_v more_o busy_a in_o land_v their_o wine_n than_o they_o be_v in_o attend_v their_o mass_n that_o gabor_n or_o light_a being_n ever_o account_v free_a of_o tax_n and_o custom_n that_o first_o set_v her_o head_n aground_o when_o their_o mass_n bell_n ring_n and_o then_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n for_o that_o day_n to_o come_v aboard_o she_o and_o be_v drink_v gratis_o here_o our_o english_a have_v have_v many_o privilege_n and_o be_v esteem_v as_o fellow_n citizen_n before_o all_o other_o stranger_n but_o our_o last_o war_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n have_v make_v they_o here_o inferior_a to_o all_o other_o and_o now_o pay_v double_a their_o former_a custom_n upon_o wine_n which_o in_o courtesy_n to_o the_o dutch_a be_v abate_v they_o and_o lay_v on_o the_o english_a shoulder_n which_o may_v be_v remedy_v if_o his_o majesty_n please_v it_o be_v otherwise_o then_o for_o prune_n and_o wine_n a_o town_n of_o no_o great_a trade_n for_o little_a traffic_n be_v here_o else_o drive_v money_n only_o be_v hither_o remit_v to_o provide_v the_o same_o but_o no_o commodity_n else_o vendible_a of_o import_n in_o anno_fw-la 1611._o i_o here_o learned_a the_o french_a tongue_n after_o i_o have_v be_v for_o a_o while_n in_o rochel_n so_o i_o will_v note_v in_o brief_a what_o i_o observe_v thereupon_o in_o those_o my_o young_a day_n account_n money_n and_o account_n the_o money_n current_n and_o account_n keep_v be_v in_o liver_n sold._n denier_n as_o throughout_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o french_a king_n bordeaux_n weight_n of_o bordeaux_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o weight_n of_o bordeaux_n be_v the_o pound_n 100_o whereof_o be_v the_o quintar_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 110_o l._n english_a and_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o london_n be_v 90¾_n l._n here_o bordeaux_n measure_n of_o bordeaux_n their_o common_a measure_n be_v a_o auln_v which_o be_v about_o english_a geron._n english_a subjection_n at_o blay_n upon_o the_o river_n geron._n from_o bordeaux_n i_o will_v pass_v by_o blay_n where_o i_o will_v only_o note_v a_o subjection_n of_o our_o english_a ship_n which_o here_o at_o their_o go_v up_o to_o bordeaux_n unlade_v all_o their_o artillery_n and_o arm_n which_o by_o many_o treaty_n between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n have_v be_v covenant_v to_o be_v disuse_v yet_o the_o insolency_n of_o the_o captain_n of_o blay_n scorn_v the_o commandment_n of_o his_o sovereign_n and_o his_o treaty_n hold_v still_o the_o same_o in_o use_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o our_o merchant_n trade_v to_o bordeaux_n and_o now_o to_o rochel_n the_o place_n of_o my_o first_o education_n beyond_o sea_n chap._n cxxv_o of_o rochel_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o rochel_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o rochel_n have_v be_v long_a time_n account_v the_o strong_a and_o best_a fortify_v city_n in_o france_n and_o be_v till_o of_o late_a year_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o protestant_n and_o be_v ever_o find_v as_o a_o sanctuary_n for_o they_o in_o their_o great_a danger_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v for_o trade_n on_o the_o aquitain_n ocean_n the_o sea_n every_o tide_n flow_v into_o the_o city_n and_o carry_v thereinto_o ship_n of_o a_o reasonable_a burden_n within_o these_o late_a year_n the_o french_a king_n have_v besiege_v it_o and_o after_o a_o long_a siege_n starve_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v enforce_v the_o reduction_n therefore_o what_o trade_n it_o now_o have_v i_o be_o ignorant_a of_o but_o anno_fw-la 1611._o there_o be_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n as_o be_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o english_a commodity_n for_o these_o part_n of_o france_n their_o coin_n current_a and_o form_n of_o account_n be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o all_o france_n and_o their_o weight_n be_v these_o rochel_n weight_n of_o rochel_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o rochel_n have_v make_v in_o london_n 96_o l._n english_a and_o by_o observation_n in_o lion_n of_o poid_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ville_fw-fr 94_o l._n rochel_n measure_v of_o rochel_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o auln_v common_a in_o name_n with_o all_o france_n but_o in_o many_o place_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v roak_v here_o 44_o inch_n english_a from_o england_n be_v send_v hither_o butter_n calves-skin_n herring_n new-found_a land-fish_a and_o some_o english_a manufacture_n of_o cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o hence_o be_v return_v a_o small_a wine_n call_v a_o rochel_n wine_n but_o more_o proper_o cogniacke_n also_o salt_n from_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n oleron_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o prune_n and_o other_o commodity_n poictu_fw-la poictu_fw-la poictou_n be_v the_o next_o province_n the_o principal_a city_n hereof_o be_v poitiers_n famous_a for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o next_o to_o paris_n for_o greatness_n in_o all_o france_n but_o of_o no_o note_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n anjou_n anjou_n anjou_n be_v the_o next_o yield_v the_o best_a wine_n in_o france_n the_o principal_a town_n be_v angiers_n and_o saumar_n the_o only_a protestant_a university_n in_o france_n main_fw-fr main_fw-fr main_a be_v the_o next_o the_o principal_a town_n be_v mans._n tourain_n tourain_n tourain_n be_v the_o next_o the_o principal_a city_n be_v blois_n ambois_n and_o tours_n famous_a for_o give_v a_o beginning_n to_o the_o protestant_n of_o france_n and_o which_o be_v note_v for_o many_o excellent_a fabric_n and_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n here_o daily_o make_v know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o taffeta_n plush_n and_o taby_n of_o tours_n britain_n britain_n britain_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v nants_n for_o the_o situation_n pleasant_a rheims_n a_o parliament_n seat_n and_o last_o st._n malo_n seat_v commodious_o for_o trade_n upon_o the_o british_a ocean_n locram_n locram_n giberoy_n a_o great_a fair_a for_o these_o country_n and_o morlais_n afford_v that_o linen_n in_o great_a quantity_n know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o locram_n morlais_n st._n maloes_n and_o morlais_n st._n maloes_n and_o morlais_n comprehend_v these_o three_o know_a sort_n of_o dowlas_n tregar_o and_o grasscloth_n also_o noial_n for_o sail-cloth_n and_o some_o of_o other_o sort_n here_o daily_o buy_v up_o for_o ready_a money_n and_o hence_o disperse_v into_o spain_n england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n normandy_n normandy_n the_o next_o be_v normandy_n in_o which_o be_v find_v many_o principal_a town_n of_o trade_n as_o be_v commodious_o seat_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o chief_a be_v caen_n diep_n newhaven_n constance_n and_o last_o roven_n under_o the_o title_n whereof_o i_o shall_v comprehend_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o rest_n chap._n cxxvi_o of_o roven_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o normandy_n roven_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o normandy_n roven_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n sein_fw-fr and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o normandy_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n in_o france_n have_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o these_o northern_a kingdom_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o principal_a in_o france_n when_o exchange_n be_v use_v roven_n commodity_n of_o roven_n the_o commodity_n that_o be_v hence_o and_o out_o of_o normandy_n export_v be_v linen_n course_n and_o fine_a buckram_n paper_n card_n some_o wine_n and_o other_o petty_a manufacture_n the_o commodity_n send_v thither_o from_o england_n principal_o clothes_n of_o sundry_a country_n a_o kersey_n of_o devonshire_n and_o yorkshire_n bay_n of_o coxal_a cotton_n of_o wales_n and_o yorkshire_n and_o of_o late_a pepper_n gall_n cotton_n yarn_n and_o other_o turkey_n commodity_n also_o lead_v tin_n fish_n and_o some_o india_n commodity_n the_o note_n of_o trade_n observe_v there_o at_o my_o residence_n therein_o 1614_o i_o shall_v brief_o touch_v as_o then_o note_v the_o same_o roven_n money_n and_o acount_n in_o roven_n the_o money_n current_a and_o account_n keep_v be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o general_n use_v throughout_o france_n see_v far_o in_o paris_n roven_n weight_n in_o roven_n the_o king_n beam_n be_v here_o call_v the_o viconte_n which_o be_v 14_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a than_o our_o english_a 112_o l._n and_o some_o have_v find_v it_o to_o be_v 10_o or_o 12_o l._n by_o which_o be_v weigh_v all_o commodity_n whatsoever_o but_o i_o have_v often_o find_v that_o the_o 112_o l._n english_a have_v make_v by_o viconte_n 98_o l._n and_o by_o commce_n beam_n 101_o l._n roven_n measure_n in_o roven_n the_o measure_n be_v here_o a_o auln_v by_o which_o all_o commodity_n of_o woollen_a and_o
be_v inquisitive_a and_o circumspect_a to_o inform_v himself_o in_o the_o true_a worth_n and_o value_n thereofere_fw-la he_o part_n with_o his_o commodity_n paris_n weight_n of_o paris_n the_o quintal_n of_o paris_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o london_n near_o 100_o l._n subtle_a 2_o per_fw-la cent_n more_fw-it or_o less_o which_o in_o lion_n render_v of_o 16_o ounce_n 116_o l._n in_o venetia_n sotile_v 144_o l._n 100_o l._n sotile_a in_o venetia_n make_v in_o paris_n 62½_n l._n of_o 15_o ounce_n per_fw-la l._n the_o cargo_n or_o great_a quintal_n in_o paris_n be_v 300_o l._n of_o 12_o ounce_n per_fw-la l_o which_o make_v in_o florence_n 487_o l._n but_o the_o ordinary_a quintal_n of_o 100_o l._n beforenamed_n be_v of_o 15_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n wine_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o cistern_n 96_o make_v a_o tun_n and_o each_o cistern_n contain_v 8_o pint_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v account_v two_o cones_n of_o florence_n which_o be_v gallon_n english_a see_v london_n paris_n measure_n of_o paris_n they_o have_v two_o measure_n in_o length_n one_o for_o silk_n and_o another_o for_o linen_n the_o which_o be_v but_o note_n that_o all_o merchant_n sell_v silk_n stuff_v in_o gross_a in_o paris_n the_o same_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o pound_n weight_n which_o be_v better_o for_o the_o buyer_n for_o thereby_o he_o discern_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o silk_n he_o have_v for_o his_o money_n paris_n exchange_n of_o paris_n paris_n do_v exchange_n with_o many_o place_n which_o i_o here_o omit_v and_o place_v the_o same_o among_o the_o exchange_n in_o general_a in_o the_o tract_n follow_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n in_o the_o chapter_n 277_o and_o 302._o trade_n the_o french_z not_o addict_v to_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v imagine_v that_o this_o kingdom_n consider_v the_o riches_n thereof_o shall_v abound_v iâ—_n trade_n and_o navigation_n but_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o man_n meddle_v not_o with_o traffic_n as_o conceive_v the_o same_o to_o be_v both_o ignoble_a and_o base_a and_o consequent_o unfit_a for_o they_o leave_v the_o same_o to_o such_o who_o spirit_n be_v elevate_v to_o that_o ripeness_n that_o they_o can_v but_o only_o be_v sorry_a for_o their_o erroneoâ—_n opinion_n their_o navigation_n also_o be_v not_o far_o the_o marselicans_n great_a voyage_n be_v to_o turkâ—…_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rochel_n saint_n malo_n and_o rochel_n seldom_o sail_v into_o any_o region_n further_o than_o spain_n their_o ill_a success_n in_o america_n plantation_n peradventure_o dissuade_v they_o bâ—…_n he_o that_o shall_v wise_o look_v into_o the_o beauty_n of_o their_o inland_n town_n the_o riches_n of_o the_o country_n itself_o and_o especial_o the_o plenty_n of_o corn_n wines_n linen_n and_o salt_n that_o france_n produce_v and_o how_o much_o these_o commodity_n be_v prize_v and_o seek_v after_o by_o other_o nation_n will_v be_v more_o willing_a to_o excuse_v the_o french_a for_o their_o so_o little_a desire_n to_o traffic_v into_o remove_v region_n because_o la_fw-fr because_o the_o next_o province_n be_v la_o because_o orleans_n orleans_n wherein_o be_v orleans_n a_o pleasant_a city_n and_o where_o the_o neat_a and_o most_o elegant_a french_a tongue_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v speak_v seat_v on_o the_o loire_n but_o afford_v little_a matter_n of_o trade_n or_o commerce_n save_v that_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a through-fair_a for_o all_o such_o commodity_n as_o do_v enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n as_o to_o lion_n and_o other_o city_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o loire_n and_o by_o this_o way_n and_o have_v a_o growth_n of_o good_a wine_n about_o it_o berry_n berry_n the_o next_o be_v berry_n bourge_n bourge_n wherein_o be_v bourges_n seat_v as_o the_o prime_n and_o principal_a town_n who_o be_v much_o addict_v to_o clothe_v and_o where_o great_a abundance_n of_o sheep_n be_v find_v to_o pasture_n and_o feed_v the_o next_o be_v bourbon_n wherein_o be_v contain_v mollins_n bourbon_n nevers_n mollins_n bourbon_n nevers_n and_o mollins_n wherein_o i_o never_o see_v any_o commodity_n worth_a relation_n save_o those_o excellent_a instrument_n of_o iron_n in_o small_a case_n here_o make_v in_o great_a abundance_n call_v estuus_n and_o disperse_v thence_o over_o all_o christendom_n beavois_fw-fr beavois_fw-fr the_o next_o be_v beavois_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v villa_n franche_n avergne_n avergne_n the_o next_o be_v avergne_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v clerimont_n limosin_n limosin_n the_o next_o be_v limosin_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v lymoges_n perigort_n perigort_n the_o next_o be_v perigort_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v perigeux_n quercu_fw-la quercu_fw-la the_o next_o be_v quercu_fw-la the_o chief_a town_n be_v montalbon_n one_o of_o the_o cautionary_a town_n in_o the_o intestants_n possession_n and_o now_o late_o by_o the_o french_a king_n reduce_v to_o his_o subjection_n dauphine_n dauphine_n the_o next_o be_v dauphine_n honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o france_n vienna_n vienna_n wherein_o be_v find_v vienna_n excel_v in_o the_o art_n of_o make_v sword-blade_n valentia_n valentia_n valentia_n a_o fine_a city_n water_v with_o the_o rhone_n and_o last_o lion_n once_o the_o principal_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o all_o these_o part_n where_o have_v occasion_n of_o residence_n 1616._o i_o note_v these_o particular_n follow_v in_o trade_n chap._n cxxviii_o of_o lion_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o lion_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o lion_n have_v ever_o be_v account_v a_o fanious_a mart-town_n and_o doubtless_o before_o navigation_n have_v its_o perfection_n a_o city_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o commerce_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o inland_n town_n must_v submit_v in_o this_o point_n to_o maritime_a city_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o great_a furtherer_n of_o all_o traffic_n so_o must_v this_o town_n now_o give_v place_n to_o many_o other_o that_o exceed_v she_o in_o the_o point_n of_o traffic_n geneva_n the_o mart_n of_o lion_n former_o in_o geneva_n there_o mart_n for_o trade_n here_o settle_v be_v former_o hold_v in_o geneva_n and_o by_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o remove_v hither_o for_o the_o enrich_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o when_o pope_n julius_n the_o second_o have_v excommunicate_v lewis_n the_o twelve_o he_o command_v by_o his_o apostolical_a authority_n that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v again_o remove_v to_o geneva_n but_o his_o holiness_n herein_o be_v not_o obey_v for_o trade_n must_v not_o be_v constrain_v but_o entreat_v though_o by_o pope_n which_o will_v command_v all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o stir_v not_o from_o hence_o where_o yet_o it_o continue_v the_o town_n be_v water_v with_o the_o stream_n of_o rhone_n and_o soane_n which_o further_v it_o much_o for_o carriage_n it_o be_v most_o famous_a now_o for_o the_o many_o fabric_n of_o silk_n here_o wrought_v and_o hence_o disperse_v through_o all_o france_n and_o the_o citizen_n to_o this_o end_n have_v their_o factor_n in_o marselia_n who_o trade_n for_o they_o to_o aleppo_n in_o syria_n to_o furnish_v they_o with_o that_o commodity_n by_o land_n also_o they_o trade_v for_o florence_n lucca_n milan_n mesina_n and_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n but_o it_o be_v only_o for_o raw_a silk_n and_o some_o such_o commodity_n as_o these_o place_n do_v afford_v i_o reside_v here_o some_o year_n and_o find_v the_o great_a of_o their_o trade_n to_o consist_v in_o exchange_n as_o the_o principal_a and_o most_o proper_a town_n of_o france_n thereto_o the_o banker_n of_o florence_n venetia_n lucca_n and_o naples_n have_v here_o their_o factor_n purposely_o for_o this_o occasion_n from_o england_n be_v here_o vend_v some_o bay_n tin_n lead_v coney-skin_n and_o but_o few_o commodity_n else_o and_o to_o our_o country_n it_o afford_v not_o any_o commodity_n worth_n mention_v what_o i_o have_v observe_v i_o shall_v only_o touch_v and_o no_o more_o lion_n coin_n and_o account_n in_o lion_n as_o for_o coin_n current_a and_o account_n keep_v it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o france_n there_o have_v be_v of_o long_a time_n in_o use_n a_o imaginary_a coin_n here_o current_a in_o exchange_n call_v the_o mark_n which_o brief_o to_o explain_v be_v lion_n a_o ancient_a mark_n in_o exchange_n in_o lion_n a_o mark_n of_o gold_n be_v 65_o crown_n of_o mark_n or_o 63_o crown_n 11_o s._n 9_o d._n of_o gold_n in_o gold_n or_o 62_o crown_n of_o camera_n vechia_n of_o rome_n or_o 68_o 14_o 3_o ducat_n current_a of_o venetia_n and_o they_o do_v use_v here_o to_o keep_v their_o account_n by_o crown_n of_o mark_n sold._n and_o denier_n advise_v one_o crown_n the_o mark_n to_o be_v 20_o sold_n of_o mark_n but_o be_v 45_o sold_n turnois_n by_o which_o crown_n of_o mark_n they_o do_v exchange_v by_o as_o brief_o for_o example_n they_o give_v in_o lion_n one_o crown_n
5_o 3_o of_o a_o auln_v mult_fw-la by_o 5._o divid_n by_o 9_o the_o liver_n of_o bergamo_n be_v 6_o s._n 6_o d_o tur_fw-la which_o be_v stir_v 7½_n d._n lion_n mantua_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o mantua_n be_v in_o lion_n 65_o l._n silk-weight_n the_o brace_n be_v 8_o 25_o of_o a_o auln_v multiply_v by_o 8_o and_o divide_v by_o 15._o the_o liver_n of_o mantua_n be_v in_o lion_n lion_n modena_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o modena_n be_v in_o lion_n 77½_n l._n silk-weight_n the_o brace_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o mantua_n lion_n antwerp_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o antwerp_n be_v in_o lion_n 102_o l._n silk-weight_n the_o ell_n of_o antwerp_n be_v 7_o â—_o of_o a_o auln_v which_o be_v do_v by_o take_v the_o â…“_n and_o â—_o 4_o of_o the_o sum_n and_o add_v they_o they_o make_v aulns_n the_o liver_n of_o gross_a may_v be_v calculate_v at_o 6_o l._n tur_fw-la 12_o s._n sterl_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o suttle_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n 96½_n l._n silk-weight_n lion_n london_n with_o lion_n the_o 9_o yard_n in_o london_n make_v in_o lion_n 7_o auln_n so_o that_o the_o auln_v of_o lion_n be_v 46_o inch_n english_a the_o liver_n or_o pound_n of_o london_n sterl_n be_v 10_o liver_n turnois_n lion_n constantinople_n with_o lion_n the_o oak_n of_o constantinople_n make_v in_o lion_n l._n silk-weight_n the_o pico_n of_o constantinople_n be_v 5_o 9_o of_o a_o auln_v mult_fw-la by_o 5_o div_o by_o 9_o the_o piastre_n of_o doller_n may_v be_v calculate_v at_o 45_o s._n tur_fw-la 4_o s._n 6_o d._n sterling_a lion_n aleppo_n with_o lion_n the_o rotolo_n of_o aleppo_n have_v render_v in_o lion_n 4½_n l._n silk-weight_n the_o rotolo_n of_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n have_v make_v 4_o l._n lion_n spain_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o valencia_n in_o spain_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n 73½_n l._n silk-weight_n almeria_n 117_o tortosa_n 72_o saragosa_n 73½_n and_o 130_o vares_n of_o valentia_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n 100_o auln_n lion_n the_o weight_n of_o divers_a city_n of_o france_n with_o lion_n 100_o l._n of_o paris_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n of_o town-weight_n 116_o l._n roven_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 120_o  _fw-fr thoulousa_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 96_o  _fw-fr marselia_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 94_o  _fw-fr montpelier_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 96_o  _fw-fr rochel_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 94_o  _fw-fr geneva_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 130_o  _fw-fr besanson_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 116_o  _fw-fr bourge_n in_o bress_n make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 115_o  _fw-fr avignion_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 96_o  _fw-fr the_o measure_n of_o languedoc_n be_v a_o cane_n divide_v into_o 8_o palm_n which_o cane_n be_v 1_o â…”_n to_o reduce_v cane_n into_o auin_n you_o must_v add_v â…”_n and_o they_o make_v aulns_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o many_o other_o place_n that_o traffic_n in_o silk_n be_v find_v to_o correspond_v with_o this_o town_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a i_o shall_v insert_v they_o brief_o here_o as_o show_v what_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o these_o several_a place_n make_v silk_n weight_n or_o as_o they_o term_v it_o poid_v the_o mare_n in_o lion_n of_o 15_o ounce_n milan_n 100_o l._n give_v in_o lion_n 73_o l._n regio_fw-la 100_o  _fw-fr 78_o  _fw-fr calabria_n 100_o  _fw-fr 69_o  _fw-fr cosensa_fw-la 100_o  _fw-fr 70_o  _fw-fr raconis_fw-la 100_o  _fw-fr 66½_n  _fw-fr bavearre_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 90_o  _fw-fr aleppo_n rotol_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr give_v 4½_n  _fw-fr tripoli_n rotol_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gives_z 4_o  _fw-fr ancona_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 73_o  _fw-fr placio_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 72_o  _fw-fr marselia_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 85_o  _fw-fr avignion_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 68_o  _fw-fr place_n measure_n of_o lion_n with_o other_o place_n note_n that_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o marc_n or_o silk_n weight_n in_o the_o payment_n at_o lion_n make_v 108_o l._n of_o the_o town-weight_n of_o lion_n the_o former_a be_v fifteen_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n and_o the_o latter_a be_v of_o 16_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n for_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o length_n at_o lion_n i_o find_v this_o observation_n to_o have_v be_v make_v that_o the_o 100_o auln_n in_o lion_n make_v in_o london_n 98â…“_n else_o anvers_n 163â…_n  _fw-fr frankford_n 204â…_n  _fw-fr dantzick_n 136_o  _fw-fr vienna_n 142_o  _fw-fr paris_n 93_o 2_o â—_o  _fw-fr roven_n 85¼_n  _fw-fr lisbon_n 98â…“_n  _fw-fr sevil_n 132¼_n  _fw-fr madera_n 101â…–_n  _fw-fr venetia_n 177_o  _fw-fr lucca_n 196_o  _fw-fr florence_n 200¾_n  _fw-fr milan_n 226â…•_n  _fw-fr genoa_n 472â…ž_n palm_n spain_n 135_o var._n rome_n 130_o brace_n naples_n 50_o cane_n which_o i_o refer_v to_o trial_n of_o the_o experience_a and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v 〈◊〉_d lion_n languedoc_n languedoc_n the_o next_o province_n be_v languedoc_n wherein_o be_v find_v narbone_n nismes_n and_o montpelier_n three_o good_a city_n and_o which_o afford_v of_o late_a day_n by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n some_o serge_n sesse_n and_o some_o fine_a cloth_n of_o this_o country_n make_v and_o here_o also_o grow_v that_o excellent_a wâ—…_n which_o take_v his_o name_n from_o the_o town_n of_o frontiniack_a beveaire_n beveaire_n and_o here_o also_o be_v that_o small_a village_n beveaire_n have_v in_o july_n a_o fair_a or_o mart_n famous_a in_o these_o part_n and_o resemble_v at_o my_o there_o be_v 1618._o our_o sturbridge_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v yearly_o there_o other_o fair_n but_o of_o no_o greaâ—_n consequence_n provence_n provence_n the_o next_o province_n be_v provence_n wherein_o be_v arles_n in_o time_n past_o the_o seat_n of_o some_o roman_a eperour_n brignol_n whence_o our_o prune_n of_o brignol_n come_v know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n prunel_n from_o brignol_n whereas_o in_o the_o language_n of_o this_o country_n the_o g_o be_v not_o pronounce_v aix_n the_o parliament_n seat_n and_o last_o thollon_n the_o best_a haven_n in_o france_n and_o most_o capacious_a and_o marsâ—…_n famous_a in_o trade_n for_o these_o country_n of_o which_o a_o word_n in_o pass_v and_o first_o of_o thollon_n chap._n cxxx_o of_o thollon_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o thollon_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thollon_n enjoy_v a_o fair_a and_o capacious_a haven_n and_o esteem_v the_o best_a large_a and_o safe_a in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v seat_v ten_o league_n to_o the_o eastward_o of_o marselia_n whereâ—…_n the_o king_n do_v keep_v a_o custom-house_n for_o provence_n as_o have_v not_o so_o much_o power_n to_o settle_v one_o iâ—_n marselia_n by_o the_o privilege_n or_o insolency_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o endeavour_n still_o thus_o to_o maintain_v that_o little_a liberty_n they_o have_v it_o abound_v only_o in_o oil_n which_o be_v hence_o lade_v iâ—_n great_a abundance_n and_o disperse_v into_o other_o country_n as_o england_n holland_n and_o some_o almond_n which_o we_o call_v provence_n almond_n some_o salt_n be_v here_o lade_v and_o bring_v from_o the_o isâ—_n of_o ever_o be_v about_o three_o league_n hence_o be_v the_o proper_a merchandise_n of_o the_o king_n who_o haâ—…_n factor_n for_o the_o sale_n thereof_o in_o every_o city_n and_o town_n in_o france_n in_o this_o place_n the_o money_n be_v the_o same_o as_o through_o all_o france_n and_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n not_o much_o differ_v from_o those_o of_o marselia_n which_o i_o will_v there_o more_o succinct_o handle_v and_o only_o will_v show_v the_o manner_n of_o buy_v and_o provide_v here_o of_o oil_n as_o i_o have_v observe_v myself_o here_o at_o divers_a time_n during_o my_o abode_n in_o this_o town_n and_o country_n up_o provence_n oil_n how_o buy_v and_o cast_v up_o oil_n of_o provence_n be_v here_o and_o throughout_o all_o provence_n buy_v by_o the_o milrowl_n or_o milroe_n fourteen_o of_o which_o be_v account_v to_o a_o tun_n of_o oil_n of_o 252_o gallon_n yet_o if_o careful_o look_v unto_o at_o the_o buy_n and_o the_o same_o true_o measure_v 13_o ½_n milroe_n will_v make_v the_o say_a tun_n the_o same_o be_v sell_v common_o here_o by_o the_o florin_n a_o imaginary_a coin_n and_o in_o value_n 12_o sol_fw-la turnois_n the_o milroe_n of_o oil_n be_v common_o worth_a 26_o to_o 30_o florin_n the_o cask_n of_o this_o place_n cost_v ordinary_o 18_o sold_n per_fw-la milroe_n and_o the_o custom_n outward_a be_v 10_o sol_fw-la per_fw-la milroe_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n gives_z 3_o per_fw-la 100_o provision_n and_o 1_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o brokerage_n thereof_o now_o to_o reduce_v all_o charge_n to_o a_o constant_a rate_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v and_o find_v true_a by_o myself_o and_o other_o that_o if_o 18_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a be_v account_v for_o every_o florin_n oil_n measure_n for_o
place_n that_o 46_o brace_n of_o satin_n make_v at_o naples_n 12¼_n cane_n so_o that_o in_o stuff_v the_o cane_n of_o florence_n make_v in_o naples_n 8_o â—_o 32_o palm_n and_o consequent_o brace_n 48â…”_n make_v in_o naples_n 13_o cane_n 3_o palm_n nine_o palm_n of_o naples_n be_v in_o lion_n just_a two_o auln_n so_o that_o of_o the_o cane_n make_v english_a 81½_n inch_n by_o rule_n which_o be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o 2¾_n yard_n english_a without_o the_o inch_n and_o some_o have_v sound_v it_o to_o be_v 2½_n yard_n 12_o cane_n in_o naples_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n 21_o auln_n so_o that_o 1¾_n aulns_n have_v make_v a_o cane_n in_o naples_n etc._n corn_n etc._n etc._n many_o commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o salmo_n and_o 16_o tomolos_n be_v a_o salmo_n which_o tomolo_fw-la be_v two_o statio_n of_o florence_n and_o in_o england_n gallon_n oil_n oil_n oil_n in_o calabria_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o migliot_n which_o be_v 132_o ounce_n or_o 11_o l._n and_o it_o require_v 2¾_n migliots_n to_o make_v a_o staio_n of_o naples_n note_v that_o four_o salmo_n in_o oil_n in_o naples_n have_v make_v 40_o staios_n which_o be_v in_o venice_n 40_o mars_n which_o be_v in_o england_n gallon_n but_o naples_n be_v more_o famous_a among_o banker_n for_o exchange_n than_o among_o merchant_n for_o any_o eminent_a trade_n therefore_o it_o be_v needful_a i_o annex_v the_o exchange_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v in_o this_o place_n which_o you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o 284_o and_o 343_o chapter_n at_o large_a with_o all_o circumstance_n thereunto_o belong_v naples_n custom_n of_o naples_n the_o custom_n of_o this_o kingdom_n do_v differ_v upon_o several_a commodity_n as_o some_o pay_n 2½_n some_o 4½_n per_fw-la cent_n and_o some_o more_o and_o some_o less_o according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o vice-king_n here_o command_v for_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n which_o by_o the_o merchant_n be_v more_o precise_o to_o be_v learn_v abruzzo_n abruzzo_n the_o next_o province_n be_v abdruzzo_n wherein_o be_v salerne_n famous_a for_o physic_n here_o teach_v next_o rhegium_n opposite_a to_o messina_n and_o in_o that_o vare_fw-la tarento_n tarento_n the_o next_o tarento_n where_o grow_v great_a quantity_n of_o olive_n and_o whereof_o oil_n in_o abundance_n be_v make_v otranto_n otranto_n the_o next_o be_v the_o province_n of_o otranto_n wherein_o be_v find_v brandusie_n the_o most_o famous_a havens_n in_o these_o sea_n otranto_n and_o gallipoli_n afford_v great_a abundance_n of_o oil_n and_o cattle_n which_o last_o pay_v for_o tribute_n to_o the_o spaniard_n 100_o thousand_o ducat_n yearly_a and_o for_o the_o oil_n they_o be_v know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o apulia_n oil_n be_v the_o last_o province_n comprise_v in_o this_o country_n and_o the_o former_a city_n stand_v in_o calabria_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o insert_v two_o or_o three_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n cxl_o of_o calabria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o calabria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o calabria_n be_v seat_v tarento_n brandusie_n and_o rhegium_n which_o abound_v in_o oil_n and_o cattle_n especial_o oil_n which_o many_o english_a ship_n do_v lade_v in_o these_o part_n yearly_a i_o will_v note_v what_o i_o observe_v therein_o calabria_n coin_n of_o calabria_n their_o money_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o naples_n and_o current_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n calabria_n weight_n of_o calabria_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o quintal_n of_o 100_o l._n which_o have_v make_v in_o venetia_n sot_n 106_o l._n venetia_n grow_v 82_o  _fw-fr london_n 73_o  _fw-fr 100_o l._n in_o calabria_n have_v make_v in_o venetia_n sot_n l._n 12¾_n ounce_n the_o cantar_n of_o naples_n be_v also_o sometime_o use_v for_o gross_a good_n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o venice_n gross_a 186_o l._n and_o observe_v to_o have_v make_v in_o london_n 196_o l._n calabria_n measure_n of_o calabria_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v a_o cane_n divide_v into_o 8_o palm_n and_o have_v make_v cloth-measure_n in_o venice_n 3_o bra._n and_o in_o london_n inches_n oil_n of_o oil_n millioto_n of_o oil_n here_o be_v 132_o ounce_n which_o be_v 11_o l._n abovesaid_a and_o it_o want_v 2¾_n l._n of_o make_v a_o staio_n in_o naples_n the_o but_o of_o oil_n in_o calabria_n be_v 5500_o rot._n which_o make_v in_o naples_n 43_o in_o 44_o sta._n which_o be_v about_o 25_o caf._n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o calabria_n a_o word_n for_o apulia_n chap._n cxli_o of_o apulia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o apulid_o and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o apulia_n comprehend_v some_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a city_n also_o lechi_n barri_n and_o manfredonia_n the_o principel_n abound_v in_o corn_n oil_n almond_n olive_n gall_n wine_n and_o other_o commodity_n be_v sell_v thus_o corn._n measure_n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o tomolo_fw-la which_o be_v two_o staios_n of_o florence_n a_o cargo_n of_o corn_n be_v 36_o tomolos_n make_v in_o flor._n 72_o sta._n and_o english_a gallon_n barley_n be_v also_o sell_v by_o the_o tomolo_fw-la but_o of_o a_o lesser_a size_n as_o contain_v 1½_n staio_n a_o cargo_n make_v also_o 36_o tomolos_n which_o reduce_v to_o florence_n measure_n be_v 48_o staios_n and_o be_v english_a gallon_n their_o tomolo_fw-la of_o wheat_n be_v 36_o rotolos_n which_o be_v 2_o l._n 9½_n ou_fw-fr per_fw-la rotolo_n of_o naples_n which_o tomolo_fw-la come_v to_o be_v in_o flor._n 100_o l._n 6_o ou_fw-fr but_o the_o tomolo_fw-la of_o barley_n be_v 48_o rotolos_n which_o be_v â…“_n more_o than_o that_o of_o wheat_n the_o cargo_n make_v 3_o moyas_n of_o florence_n almond_n of_o almond_n almond_n be_v sometime_o sell_v by_o the_o cantaro_n and_o common_o worth_a here_o 26_o tarry_v the_o contar_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o tomolo_fw-la and_o of_o the_o abrogino_n almond_n there_o go_v 20_o tomolos_n to_o a_o cantar_n and_o of_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o almond_n 22_o tomolos_n oil_n of_o oil_n a_o but_o of_o oil_n or_o wine_n of_o apulia_n hold_v here_o 12_o barrel_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o florence_n 10_o barrel_n and_o be_v in_o england_n gallon_n oil_n in_o apulia_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o 1000_o l._n which_o common_o cost_v about_o 20_o tar._n and_o yet_o sometime_o find_v to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o salmo_n account_v for_o 10_o staios_n each_o staio_n weigh_v 18_o râ—tolos_n so_o that_o this_o way_n the_o salmo_n of_o oil_n come_v to_o be_v 180_o rotolos_n which_o reckon_v in_o florence_n at_o 2_o l._n â—ou_o per_fw-la rotolo_n make_v florence_n weight_n 465_o l._n and_o english_a pound_n common_o worth_a from_o 18_o to_o 22_o tare_n a_o measure_n which_o come_v to_o produce_v about_o 5¼_n or_o 5½_n barrel_n in_o florence_n this_o staio_n of_o oil_n weigh_v 49_o l_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o apulia_n gall_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o cantaro_n and_o be_v 196_o l._n of_o averdupois_n olive_n of_o olive_n olive_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o tomolo_fw-la about_o 5_o carl._n a_o tomolo_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o gather_v which_o be_v in_o june_n and_o july_n which_o be_v put_v in_o sack_n of_o 6_o or_o 6½_n tomolos_n and_o each_o tomolo_fw-la of_o olive_n weigh_v about_o 16_o rotolos_n wine_n of_o wine_n a_o salmo_n of_o wine_n be_v account_v to_o make_v 3½_n barr._n of_o florence_n and_o be_v common_o worth_a to_o carlins_n a_o salmo_n and_o hold_v to_o be_v incirca_fw-la 14_o ser_n of_o venice_n measure_n a_o car._n or_o cargo_n of_o corn_n of_o apulia_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v 34½_n faneg_v in_o calais_n and_o in_o lisbon_n 145_o alquier_n of_o tomolos_n 36_o of_o naples_n per_fw-la car._n and_o 57_o chilos_n of_o constantinople_n but_o i_o have_v stay_v too_o long_o here_o i_o will_v pass_v to_o the_o next_o principality_n which_o be_v the_o papacy_n chap._n cxlii_o of_o the_o papacy_n and_o the_o city_n of_o trade_n therein_o thereof_o papacy_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o papacy_n contain_v four_o province_n first_o romandiola_n second_o marca_n anconitana_n three_o ducato_n spoletano_n and_o fourthly_a st._n peter_n patrimony_n and_o first_o then_o in_o râ—mandiola_n be_v many_o principal_a city_n and_o great_a town_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v bologna_n the_o chief_a university_n of_o italy_n ferrara_n famous_a for_o the_o iron_n mine_n about_o it_o and_o within_o who_o jurisdiction_n stand_v modena_n and_o rhegium_n two_o fair_a city_n and_o last_o ravenna_n once_o beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a haven_n now_o choke_v by_o age_n and_o rubbish_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o these_o a_o word_n and_o in_o order_n chap._n cxliii_o of_o bologna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o bologna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o bollonia_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v a_o university_n much_o frequent_v by_o student_n of_o the_o civil_a
last_o senâ—…_n at_o home_n govern_v the_o commonwealth_n but_o their_o worth_n be_v in_o itself_o sufficient_o know_v to_o the_o world_n i_o shall_v descend_v to_o the_o subject_n in_o hand_n this_o city_n than_o have_v for_o many_o year_n have_v the_o sole_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n of_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o not_o content_a therewith_o have_v make_v that_o city_n the_o common_a mart_n of_o all_o the_o conmodity_n of_o arabia_n persia_n india_n and_o those_o eastern_a rich_a country_n by_o their_o great_a trade_n to_o alexandria_n and_o cairo_n which_o continue_v for_o many_o year_n and_o when_o the_o grecian_a empire_n be_v both_o in_o its_o height_n and_o in_o its_o descent_n they_o manage_v the_o sole_a trade_n thereof_o till_o the_o state_n of_o genoa_n do_v look_v thereinto_o and_o by_o their_o power_n and_o may_v at_o sea_n share_v with_o they_o therein_o but_o the_o pâ—tugal_n find_v the_o way_n to_o india_n by_o the_o cape_n of_o bona_n speransa_n and_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a mochant_n follow_v those_o leader_n now_o bring_v those_o rich_a commodity_n that_o way_n straight_o to_o their_o own_o home_n which_o in_o former_a time_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o have_v from_o this_o city_n at_o a_o far_o dear_a rate_n and_o at_o a_o second_o hand_n since_o which_o time_n their_o custom_n have_v be_v decay_v their_o ship_n rot_v and_o their_o mariner_n the_o pride_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n be_v all_o become_v poltrone_n and_o the_o worst_a account_v in_o all_o those_o sea_n until_o the_o turk_n war_n with_o candy_n have_v make_v they_o again_o expert_a in_o sea_n affair_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o many_o fight_v and_o several_a considerable_a overthrow_v give_v to_o the_o grand_a seignior_n navy_n as_o late_o in_o the_o year_n 1656_o and_o their_o keep_n of_o the_o city_n and_o port_n of_o candy_n for_o the_o space_n of_o so_o many_o year_n against_o all_o the_o opposition_n the_o turk_n have_v make_v against_o it_o this_o city_n now_o serve_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n for_o a_o inlet_n into_o austria_n and_o upper_a germany_n which_o this_o way_n it_o yet_o fit_v with_o some_o spice_n drug_n and_o other_o arabian_a commodity_n which_o in_o part_n be_v bring_v thither_o from_o alexandria_n aleppo_n and_o constantinople_n where_o they_o still_o have_v consul_n and_o factor_n and_o partly_o by_o a_o second_o hand_n from_o england_n now_o thereby_o bring_v to_o they_o those_o commodity_n which_o a_o few_o year_n past_a we_o have_v and_o fetch_v from_o they_o as_o from_o the_o only_a city_n and_o prime_a merchant_n of_o europe_n venetia_n commodity_n of_o venetia_n the_o commodity_n here_o find_v and_o afford_v be_v not_o many_o nor_o of_o much_o worth_n as_o some_o cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n corn_n wine_n oil_n rice_n woollen-cloth_n paper_n anniseed_n argal_o glass_n for_o look_v and_o for_o drink_v quicksilver_n which_o they_o have_v from_o germany_n some_o silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v the_o commodity_n send_v hither_o from_o england_n be_v lead_n tin_n bays_n fur_n perpetuano_n serges_n say_v and_o some_o cle_v indigo_n pepper_n ginger_n mace_n clove_n nutmeg_n &c_n &c_n herring_n white_a and_o red_a pilchard_n newland_n fish_n salt_v salmon_n and_o such_o like_a it_o serve_v in_o these_o day_n for_o a_o mart_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o istria_n dalmatia_n sclavonia_n austria_n upper_a germania_n and_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n and_o serve_v these_o part_n again_o with_o such_o commodity_n as_o be_v either_o bring_v hither_o by_o the_o english_a dutch_a and_o french_a from_o their_o several_a country_n or_o from_o alexandria_n aleppo_n smyrna_n the_o archipelago_n and_o constantinople_n where_o they_o also_o drive_v a_o considerable_a trade_n venetia_n weight_n of_o venetia_n there_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o venetia_n four_o kind_n of_o weight_n which_o thus_o be_v distinguish_v and_o find_v to_o accord_v the_o great_a be_v call_v the_o gross_a pound_n and_o 100_o l._n wherewith_o all_o wool_n brass_n metal_n fish_n flesh_n and_o other_o gross_a good_n be_v weigh_v the_o second_o be_v the_o gold_n weight_n use_v for_o gold_n silver_n and_o jewel_n only_o call_v the_o mark_n which_o contain_v 8_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n contain_v 144_o carat_n every_o carat_n be_v 4_o grain_n the_o three_o be_v use_v in_o gold_n and_o silver_n thread_n and_o in_o nothing_o else_o the_o four_o be_v the_o pound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a wherewith_o all_o silk_n spice_n drug_n cotton_n cotton_n yarn_n and_o such_o like_a fine_a good_n be_v weigh_v by_o which_o thus_o be_v among_o they_o find_v to_o accord_n and_o agree_v 100_o l._n gross_a be_v 158_o subtle_a 633_o l._n gross_a be_v 1000_o l._n subtle_a 100_o l._n subtle_a be_v 63â…“_n gross_a 1000_o l._n gross_a be_v 1580_o l._n subtle_a 1_o l._n gross_a be_v subtle_a 1_o l._n 6_o ounce_n 5_o sazi_n 18_o carat_n 1_o l._n sotile_a be_v gross_a 7_o ounce_n 2_o sazi_n 16_o carat_n 1_o l._n sotile_a be_v 12_o ounce_n the_o 1_o ounce_n be_v 6_o sazi_n and_o 1_o sazi_n be_v 1½_n dram_n which_o be_v 3_o sec._n 100_o l._n of_o silver_n or_o gold_n thread_n be_v subtle_a 116_o l._n 8_o ounce_n 1_o mark_v of_o gold_n be_v subtle_a 9_o ounce_n sazi_n 2._o where_o note_n that_o a_o mark_n of_o gold_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 4_o quarter_n 1_o quarter_n be_v 36_o carat_n and_o 1_o carat_n be_v 4_o grain_n so_o that_o 144_o carat_n be_v 1_o mark._n also_o note_n that_o in_o venetia_n there_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v divers_a commodity_n some_o by_o balance_n and_o some_o by_o stalero_n as_o well_o in_o the_o gross_a as_o in_o the_o subtle_a weight_n and_o that_o the_o balance_n weight_n be_v great_a than_o the_o stalero_n weight_n 2_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n by_o the_o hundred_o more_o than_o by_o the_o pound_n and_o the_o subtle_a weight_n of_o the_o balance_n be_v great_a than_o of_o the_o stalero_n subtle_a two_o pound_n per_fw-la cent._n by_o the_o hundred_o than_o by_o the_o pound_n weight_n country_n weight_n of_o venetia_n agree_v with_o other_o country_n now_o let_v we_o observe_v how_o these_o two_o weight_n the_o sotile_a and_o gross_a respond_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o other_o country_n the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v the_o first_o row_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n gross_a the_o next_o row_n the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a make_v in_o the_o first_o row_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n gross_a make_v in_o the_o second_o row_n thus_o alexandria_n zera_n 31_o rot._n 50_o rot._n alexandria_n forf_n 71_o r._n 112_o r._n aleppo_n 14_o r._n 21_o r._n archipelago_n 77_o l._n 121_o l._n anvers_n 64_o l._n 102_o l._n almeria_n 55_o r._n 90_o r._n ancona_n 86_o l._n 136_o l._n bergamo_n 90_o l._n 145_o l._n bologna_n 83_o l._n 132_o l._n baruti_fw-la 13_o r._n 20_o r._n cyprus_n 13½_n r._n 21_o r._n constantinople_n 56_o r._n 84_o r._n candia_n l._n l._n corfu_n 75_o l._n 117_o l._n cremona_n 96_o l._n 151_o l._n damascus_n 16â…”_n r._n 26â…“_n r._n ferrara_n 102_o l._n 139_o l._n florence_n 87_o l._n 138._o l._n lion_n 70_o l._n 110_o l._n london_n 64_o l._n 106_o l._n lisbon_n 59_o l._n 92_o l._n milan_n 92_o l._n 150_o l._n mantua_n 93_o l._n 150_o l._n marselia_n 70_o l._n 112_o l._n malleca_n 57_o l._n 90_o l._n naples_n rema_v 94_o l._n 149_o l._n naples_n romania_n 78_o l._n 121_o l._n parma_n 90_o l._n 148_o l._n placentia_n 92_o l._n 150_o l._n paris_n 70_o l._n 112_o l._n roma_fw-it 84_o l._n 132_o l._n ravenna_n 84_o l._n 133_o l._n ragusa_n 83_o l._n 131_o l._n scio_fw-la and_o smyrna_n 62_o r._n 98_o r._n sevilia_fw-la 63_o l._n 98_o l._n tripoli_n barbaria_n 59½_n r._n 93½_n r._n turin_n 92_o l._n 148_o l._n verona_n 90_o l._n 145_o l._n zant_n 63_o l._n 100_o l._n how_o far_o these_o may_v come_v near_o to_o truth_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o trial_n therefore_o i_o deliver_v they_o haâ—…_n as_o i_o receive_v they_o upon_o trust_n length_n measure_n in_o venetia_n of_o length_n the_o measure_n of_o venetia_n be_v two_o and_o both_o call_v the_o brace_n the_o first_o be_v the_o silk_n brace_n by_o which_o be_v measure_v all_o stuff_n of_o silk_n damask_n satin_n clothe_v gold_n of_o silver_n etc._n etc._n the_o second_o be_v the_o cloth-brace_n by_o which_o be_v measure_v all_o clothes_n and_o stuff_n make_v of_o wâ—…_n which_o be_v great_a than_o the_o former_a 6¼_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la upon_o which_o last_o brace_n 100_o have_v be_v make_v this_o concordance_n with_o the_o measure_n of_o other_o country_n 100_o brace_n in_o venice_n london_n 55½_n ells._n antwerp_n 92½_n  _fw-fr frankford_n 115¾_n  _fw-fr dantzick_n 76â…˜_n  _fw-fr vienna_n 80½_n  _fw-fr lion_n 56½_n aulns_n paris_n 52¾_n  _fw-fr roven_n 48¼_n  _fw-fr lisbon_n 55½_n var._n sevil_n
of_o some_o of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o england_n to_o their_o own_o subject_n for_o their_o encouragement_n in_o trade_n and_o their_o general_a inclination_n thereto_o so_o they_o in_o themselves_o have_v be_v chief_o want_v to_o themselves_o and_o have_v suffer_v a_o loss_n to_o fall_v insensible_o upon_o they_o that_o have_v be_v the_o great_a ruin_n of_o their_o traffic_n comprise_v within_o mystery_n the_o of_o these_o their_o new_a impost_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o navigator_n which_o that_o prince_n must_v ever_o careful_o avoid_v that_o will_v have_v his_o country_n and_o subject_n thrive_v thereby_o and_o have_v now_o lose_v all_o their_o trade_n to_o all_o other_o place_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n only_o except_v their_o ship_n and_o galley_n be_v decay_v and_o their_o mariner_n flee_v from_o they_o some_o spark_n be_v see_v yet_o to_o remain_v but_o the_o great_a fire_n of_o their_o mighty_a traffic_n be_v extinguish_v it_o will_v not_o be_v needful_a for_o i_o to_o rake_v the_o ash_n and_o observe_v further_o that_o little_a coal_n that_o be_v yet_o rest_v unconsume_v among_o they_o chap._n clix_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o dukedom_n of_o florence_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o tuscany_n and_o now_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o signiory_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n with_o the_o republic_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n the_o principal_a marine_a port_n whereof_o be_v leghorn_n which_o may_v be_v account_v the_o best_a and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a town_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n not_o only_o thus_o continue_v and_o preserve_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n alone_o but_o of_o other_o nation_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o freedom_n give_v to_o stranger_n and_o merchant_n and_o principal_o because_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n may_v be_v here_o land_v free_a of_o all_o custom_n duty_n and_o impost_n this_o scale_n be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o it_o be_v famous_a throughout_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o ocean_n sea_n in_o this_o republic_n i_o find_v only_o four_o city_n of_o consequence_n that_o challenge_n in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n my_o observation_n which_o be_v florence_n itself_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o dukedom_n next_o sienna_n than_o pisa_n and_o last_o the_o above_o mention_v town_n of_o leghorn_n tuscany_n commodity_n of_o tuscany_n these_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n some_o marble_n rice_n wines_n oil_n quantity_n of_o silk_n both_o raw_a and_o wrought_v in_o stuff_n famous_a for_o their_o fabric_n throughout_o europe_n as_o satin_n taffeta_n velvet_n grogram_n plush_n and_o the_o like_a call_v common_o of_o florence_n from_o england_n be_v here_o vend_v pepper_n cloves_n mace_n indigo_n calico_n as_o be_v east-india_n commodity_n and_o lead_v tin_n clothâ—_n bays_n serges_n perpetuano_n as_o native_a and_o the_o english_a also_o bring_v hither_o herring_n white_a and_o red_a pickle_a salmon_n newland_n fish_n pilchard_n calves-skin_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n a_o great_a merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v and_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a merchant_n in_o europe_n forget_v not_o that_o his_o ancestor_n do_v raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n and_o height_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v and_o to_o this_o end_n be_v find_v in_o leghorn_n a_o stock_n proper_o run_v in_o trade_n for_o his_o account_n which_o be_v employ_v in_o traffic_n as_o occasion_n of_o profit_n upon_o merchandise_n do_v present_v itself_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cosmi_fw-la the_o second_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o florence_n that_o have_v the_o title_n of_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscaâ—y_n confer_v upon_o he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n with_o that_o title_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o by_o pope_n pius_n the_o five_o in_o the_o year_n 1570._o since_o which_o the_o great_a duke_n successor_n have_v desire_v of_o succeed_a pope_n the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o it_o have_v be_v always_o obstruct_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o will_v endure_v no_o king_n in_o italy_n but_o himself_o and_o refuse_v by_o the_o pope_n as_o too_o lordly_a a_o title_n this_o duke_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v know_v that_o his_o predecessor_n raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v his_o territory_n be_v separate_v on_o the_o east_n from_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n by_o the_o river_n pisco_n on_o the_o west_n from_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genoa_n by_o the_o river_n macra_n on_o the_o north_n from_o romandiola_n and_o marca_n anconitano_n by_o the_o apennine_a hill_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n be_v about_o 260_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o in_o some_o place_n as_o much_o in_o breadth_n the_o country_n between_o florence_n and_o leghorn_n be_v about_o fifty_o mile_n be_v full_a of_o spacious_a field_n and_o fruitful_a valley_n here_o and_o there_o a_o pleasant_a mountain_n equalize_v they_o for_o fertility_n abundant_o furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o delicious_a wine_n and_o beautify_v with_o many_o delicate_a city_n and_o town_n and_o in_o a_o word_n plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o the_o benediction_n of_o nature_n the_o inhabitant_n profess_v the_o reman_n catholic_n religion_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o great_a dukeâ—_n dominion_n may_v be_v fit_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n viz._n the_o city_n and_o territory_n first_o of_o florence_n 2._o pisa_n 3._o sienna_n 4._o and_o last_o the_o island_n situate_v in_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n the_o estate_n of_o florence_n take_v up_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n dominion_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o territory_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o apennine_a hill_n so_o call_v from_o florence_n the_o principal_a city_n for_o beauty_n and_o trade_n within_o this_o territory_n nicholas_n machiavelli_n that_o unhappy_a man_n be_v once_o secretary_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o florence_n who_o but_o for_o publish_v that_o which_o be_v frequent_o practise_v by_o prince_n have_v entail_v a_o edium_fw-la upon_o his_o name_n for_o aught_o any_o know_v to_o all_o posterity_n but_o to_o our_o business_n next_o to_o be_v handle_v which_o be_v the_o description_n and_o trade_n of_o florence_n chap._n clx_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o city_n of_o florence_n be_v seat_v near_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n arne_n and_o chian_a and_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a city_n and_o abound_v with_o public_a and_o private_a building_n of_o great_a beauty_n and_o therefore_o by_o some_o suppose_a to_o be_v call_v florentia_n à _fw-la situ_fw-la florenti_fw-la it_o be_v in_o compass_n six_o mile_n and_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n who_o here_o have_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o do_v consist_v in_o fabric_n of_o silk_n that_o here_o be_v make_v and_o be_v hence_o proper_o call_v and_o in_o the_o exchange_n here_o be_v use_v and_o practise_v by_o banker_n for_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v lose_v the_o honour_n of_o merchandize_v which_o ancient_o they_o have_v when_o eminent_a factor_n from_o hence_o be_v send_v into_o flanders_n and_o england_n and_o to_o other_o country_n to_o reside_v who_o manage_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n now_o total_o decay_v what_o i_o have_v find_v from_o other_o or_o observe_v myself_o 1619._o when_o i_o be_v here_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o for_o the_o present_a occurrence_n of_o the_o place_n florence_n account_n in_o florence_n the_o merchant_n do_v here_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sell_v and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n a_o livre_fw-fr and_o other_o again_o in_o crown_n sol_fw-la and_o denier_n of_o gold_n of_o liures_fw-fr 7½_n per_fw-la crown_n account_v 12_o denier_n to_o a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n to_o a_o crown_n but_o all_o their_o commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o laures_n sold_n and_o denier_n of_o their_o money_n and_o to_o reduce_v livre_n into_o crown_n multiply_v by_o 2_o and_o divide_v by_o 15_o because_o 15_o half_a livre_n make_v a_o crown_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o say_v livre_n into_o ducat_n 1_o 7_o be_v to_o be_v take_v florence_n coin_n current_a in_o
these_o be_v only_a worth_n the_o mention_v as_o to_o our_o business_n of_o trade_n chap._n cxliv_o of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n milan_n dukedom_n of_o milan_n the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o spaniard_n be_v rich_a in_o nature_n gift_n as_o esteem_v the_o garden_n of_o italy_n afford_v plenty_n of_o corn_n rice_n wines_n oil_n silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v and_o sundry_a other_o commodity_n it_o have_v therein_o also_o many_o fair_a city_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v first_o milan_n the_o principal_a of_o the_o whole_a duchy_n second_o pavia_n three_o alexandria_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pallia_fw-la four_o cremona_n and_o five_o como_n of_o as_o many_o of_o which_o as_o be_v needful_a i_o shall_v touch_v the_o particular_n chap._n cxlv_o of_o milan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o milan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o milan_n be_v a_o fair_a city_n and_o the_o great_a of_o lombardy_n the_o castle_n whereof_o be_v account_v impregnable_a it_o be_v very_o populous_a and_o contain_v seven_o mile_n in_o circuit_n it_o be_v furnish_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n with_o many_o great_a merchant_n or_o rather_o as_o i_o may_v more_o proper_o call_v they_o shopkeeper_n abound_v in_o many_o rich_a manufacture_n of_o silk_n and_o iron_n for_o sword-blade_n for_o cannon_n musket_n and_o pistol_n etc._n etc._n as_o silk-stocking_n chamlet_n fustian_n gold-thread_n and_o sundry_a other_o commodity_n here_o disperse_v into_o savoy_n france_n and_o other_o adjoin_a country_n milan_n account_n in_o milan_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o milan_n by_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n or_o as_o they_o call_v they_o liures_fw-fr sol_fw-it and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n a_o livre_fw-fr which_o livre_fw-fr may_v be_v sterl_n 12_o penny_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o tract_n of_o exchange_n in_o 280_o and_o 410_o chapter_n milan_n coin_n in_o milan_n the_o coin_n current_a in_o milan_n be_v these_o a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n of_o milan_n be_v incirca_fw-la 100_o sol_fw-la of_o that_o money_n a_o crown_n of_o gold_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v worth_a about_o 96_o or_o 98_o sol._n a_o crown_n of_o gold_n italian_n be_v 5_o livre_n and_o 6_o sol_fw-mi imperial_a a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n of_o liures_fw-fr 5_o and_o 18_o sol_n be_v liures_fw-fr 6_o imperial_a a_o ducace_n imperial_a be_v esteem_v 4_o livre_n a_o ducat_n of_o milan_n or_o imperial_a of_o liures_fw-fr 4_o per_fw-la duc._n and_o so_o they_o count_v it_o in_o exchange_n the_o which_o they_o pay_v in_o crown_n of_o italy_n at_o 101_o sol_fw-la per_fw-la duc._n note_v that_o the_o crown_n in_o milan_n run_v in_o merchandise_n for_o sol_n 110_o and_o the_o ducat_n for_o the_o same_o note_v also_o that_o the_o imperial_a coin_n be_v the_o current_n of_o this_o country_n but_o french_a italian_a and_o spanish_a pass_v here_o also_o in_o merchandise_n as_o be_v place_v between_o the_o two_o former_a and_o subject_a to_o the_o last_o milan_n weight_n in_o milan_n the_o weight_n of_o milan_n be_v the_o pound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n which_o be_v the_o quintal_n which_o 100_o l._n be_v in_o venetia_n sotile_v 108_o l._n venetia_n gross_a 66_o  _fw-fr florentia_n 97_o  _fw-fr genova_n 106_o  _fw-fr lion_n 69_o  _fw-fr london_n 70_o  _fw-fr milan_n measure_n of_o milan_n in_o milan_n they_o have_v two_o brace_n the_o cloth_n and_o the_o silk_n upon_o the_o 100_o brace_n silk_n have_v be_v make_v these_o observation_n and_o to_o have_v make_v in_o london_n 43_o ells._n antwerp_n 72_o  _fw-fr frankfort_n 90_o  _fw-fr dantzick_n 60_o  _fw-fr vienna_n 63_o  _fw-fr lion_n 44_o auln_n paris_n 41_o  _fw-fr genova_n 207_o palm_n roven_n 37_o auln_v lisbon_n 43_o var._n sevil_n 58_o  _fw-fr madera_n 44_o  _fw-fr venetia_n 78_o brac._n lucques_n 86_o  _fw-fr florence_n 88_o  _fw-fr milan_n exchange_n of_o milan_n which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o experience_n of_o he_o that_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v trial_n herein_o far_o and_o so_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o cremona_n as_o for_o the_o exchange_n here_o practise_v i_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o general_a chapter_n thereof_o in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n viz._n 280_o and_o 410_o chapter_n chap._n clxvi_o of_o cremona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o cremona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cremona_n be_v the_o second_o city_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o duchy_n which_o endeavour_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o imitate_v and_o second_v milan_n in_o her_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n gold-thread_n etc._n etc._n weight_n weight_n their_o common_a weight_n be_v the_o pound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n which_o have_v by_o trial_n be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o venctia_n sotile_n 104_o l._n and_o by_o the_o gross_a of_o venetia_n 65_o in_o 66_o l._n in_o florence_n 86_o l._n measure_n measure_n their_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n agree_v the_o same_o as_o that_o of_o florence_n oil_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o carigas_n 18_o thereof_o be_v 1000_o l._n venetia_n in_o oil_n carrigas_n 15_o be_v account_v for_o a_o 1000_o l._n of_o cheese_n in_o venetia_n carigas_fw-la 11_o be_v account_v of_o honey_n 8¼_n staios_n of_o venetia_n chap._n clxvii_o of_o como_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o como_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o como_n be_v make_v more_o famous_a by_o the_o lake_n whereon_o it_o be_v seat_v be_v 50_o mile_n about_o than_o by_o the_o trade_n thereof_o though_o it_o may_v well_o be_v imagine_v the_o same_o do_v add_v a_o good_a furtherance_n thereto_o by_o the_o benefit_n and_o commodity_n thereof_o and_o by_o transport_v ware_n to_o neighbour_a place_n seat_v thereabouts_o weight_n weight_n the_o weight_n thereof_o be_v the_o pound_n and_o 100_o l._n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o produce_v in_o venice_n suttle_n 108_o and_o gross_a 67_o l._n which_o in_o london_n be_v 72_o l._n averdupois_n or_o thereabouts_o measure_n measure_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o brace_n account_v to_o be_v corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o mosa_n which_o be_v here_o 14_o pesos_n and_o every_o peso_n be_v 10_o l._n at_o â—0_n ow_v per_fw-la l._n which_o in_o venetia_n be_v 378_o l._n suttle_n which_o be_v 305_o l._n gross_a so_o that_o the_o say_v 14_o pesos_n be_v in_o venetia_n 1â…›_n staios_n and_o thus_o have_v i_o do_v with_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n and_o proceed_v to_o mantua_n and_o the_o dukedom_n chap._n clxviii_o of_o mantua_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o mantua_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mantua_n have_v some_o other_o city_n of_o quality_n subject_n thereto_o but_o be_v debar_v from_o the_o sea_n and_o environ_v with_o potent_a neighbour_n that_o hinder_v the_o commerce_n thereof_o i_o will_v therefore_o reduce_v what_o i_o have_v collect_v more-worthy_a to_o the_o city_n of_o mantua_n itself_o which_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a and_o strong_a town_n environ_v on_o three_o part_n with_o a_o lake_n of_o good_a breadth_n and_o with_o a_o strong_a wall_n on_o the_o rest_n through_o this_o lake_n run_v a_o river_n that_o lead_v into_o the_o po_n which_o be_v a_o famous_a stream_n in_o these_o part_n and_o much_o enrich_v this_o country_n and_o further_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o duchy_n mantua_n commodity_n of_o mantua_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o this_o dukedom_n be_v certain_a fabric_n of_o silk_n such_o as_o be_v taffetaes_n satin_n camlet_n water_v and_o the_o like_a mantua_n account_n in_o mantua_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n a_o livre_fw-fr 5_o of_o which_o livre_n make_v a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n large_a 9_o 12_o sol_fw-la make_v a_o ducatoon_n of_o mantua_n or_o 115_o sol_n of_o milan_n which_o be_v account_v sterl_n mantua_n weight_n in_o mantua_n they_o weigh_v in_o mantua_n by_o a_o peso_fw-mi and_o by_o the_o 1000_o l._n 25_o l._n be_v the_o peso_fw-es and_o 100_o l._n the_o quintal_n which_o have_v make_v in_o venice_n suttle_n 108_o l._n and_o venice_n gross_a 66â…”_n l._n in_o florence_n 98_o l._n and_o in_o london_n by_o observation_n of_o some_o 71_o l._n averdupois_n mantua_n measure_n in_o mantua_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o brace_n which_o do_v agree_v with_o the_o cloth_n brace_n of_o venice_n within_o a_o small_a matter_n corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o staio_n 100_o whereof_o be_v in_o venetia_n 40_o staios_n and_o 1_o staios_n weigh_v about_o 80_o l._n of_o mantua_n weight_n fair._n aste_n a_o fair._n in_o this_o dukedom_n be_v also_o aste_n where_o be_v yearly_o keep_v a_o great_a and_o notable_a fair_a for_o many_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n where_o many_o immunity_n be_v grant_v to_o merchant_n during_o the_o time_n that_o the_o say_v fair_a do_v continue_v and_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o september_n and_o thus_o much_o i_o have_v observe_v of_o this_o duchy_n
crown_n of_o gold_n of_o florence_n of_o 7½_n jul._n per_fw-la crown_n divide_v by_o 15_o and_o subtract_v the_o quotient_a from_o the_o sum_n divide_v and_o the_o remainder_n be_v your_o demand_n again_o to_o bring_v crown_n of_o gold_n of_o florence_n of_o 7½_n jul._n into_o ducat_n of_o 7_o livre_n divide_v by_o 4_o and_o the_o quotient_a add_v to_o the_o sum_n divide_v will_v answer_v your_o desire_n there_o be_v ever_o find_v between_o the_o money_n of_o florence_n and_o the_o money_n of_o legorn_n a_o lagio_n which_o be_v both_o subject_n to_o one_o prince_n be_v conceive_v by_o some_o that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v remove_v by_o merchant_n if_o they_o will_v endeavour_v it_o but_o they_o that_o be_v well_o verse_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n hold_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n therefore_o i_o will_v omit_v the_o reason_n give_v on_o both_o side_n and_o advise_v he_o that_o have_v monies_n in_o florence_n and_o be_v resident_a in_o legorn_n to_o make_v the_o best_a use_n thereof_o and_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o lagio_n as_o the_o current_a rate_n will_v permit_v he_o till_o the_o business_n may_v be_v better_o rectify_v and_o the_o controversy_n by_o a_o equality_n may_v be_v decide_v and_o determine_v florence_n weight_n in_o florence_n the_o weight_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o florence_n the_o pound_n 12_o ounce_n and_o the_o quintal_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o be_v english_a 75_o l._n but_o some_o commodity_n be_v find_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o quintal_n of_o 150_o l._n which_o be_v 113_o l._n english_a and_o some_o by_o a_o quintal_n of_o 160_o l._n as_o fish_n wool_n and_o which_o be_v 121_o l._n english_a the_o english_a 112_o l._n make_v about_o 147½_n l._n of_o this_o place_n legorn_n 112_o l._n of_o london_n be_v 146_o l._n legorn_n note_v that_o 150_o l._n be_v here_o a_o kintar_n of_o allom_n and_o be_v 113â…ž_n l._n 151_o l._n make_v a_o kintar_n of_o sugar_n be_v 114â…“_n l._n english_a 1â—0_o l._n make_v a_o kintar_n of_o fish_n be_v 121½_n l._n english_a 100_o l._n be_v a_o kintar_n of_o all_o other_o commodity_n and_o be_v 75_o 11_o 12_o l._n english_a and_o be_v 108_o l._n in_o genova_n florence_n measure_n in_o florence_n the_o measure_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o brace_n 4_o brace_n make_v a_o cane_n 50_o cane_n be_v 200_o brace_n and_o find_v to_o agree_v with_o the_o english_a 1_o brace_n of_o florence_n be_v 23_o inch_n english_a of_o 12_o to_o a_o foot_n so_o that_o 100_o brace_n make_v â—0_n yard_n 48_o ells._n their_o corn_n and_o salt_n measure_n be_v a_o stare_v 3_o stare_v be_v a_o sack_n and_o 3â…”_n sack_n be_v a_o salmo_n or_o 41_o stare_v be_v a_o salmo_n and_o this_o salmo_n iâ—_n account_v a_o london_n quarter_n also_o they_o have_v another_o measure_v call_v a_o maggio_n which_o be_v 8_o sack_n or_o 24_o stare_v be_v a_o maggio_n and_o a_o stare_v of_o good_a corn_n have_v be_v note_v to_o weigh_v 50_o l._n in_o legorn_n ligorn_n english_a commodity_n vend_v in_o ligorn_n from_o england_n be_v vend_v here_o bay_n sesse_n serges_n clothes_n perpetuanoe_n lead_v tin_n calves-skin_n hide_n oistracan-hides_a salt_n salmon_n pilchard_n caviar_n herring_n tallow_n also_o pepper_n ginger_n mace_n cloves_n nutmeg_n indigo_n and_o such_o indian_a commodity_n tuscany_n commodity_n of_o tuscany_n this_o place_n be_v the_o great_a scale_n of_o trade_n in_o tuscany_n be_v find_v hence_o to_o be_v send_v into_o other_o part_n oil_n wine_n silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v rice_n anniseed_n argal_o and_o all_o other_o italian_a and_o turkish_a commodity_n legorn_n custom_n in_o the_o port_n of_o legorn_n all_o good_n enter_v here_o to_o be_v sell_v be_v not_o liable_a to_o the_o payment_n of_o custom_n for_o a_o year_n but_o if_o keep_v a_o full_a year_n do_v then_o pay_v a_o custom_n and_o if_o sale_n present_v not_o in_o that_o time_n the_o merchant_n may_v ship_v the_o same_o out_o again_o without_o charge_n but_o if_o for_o the_o advance_v of_o his_o commodity_n he_o send_v the_o same_o into_o other_o part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o tuscany_n than_o the_o custom_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v at_o pisa_n as_o be_v there_o mention_v to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o inquirer_n and_o leave_v tuscany_n i_o will_v pass_v over_o to_o genova_n chap._n clxxiv_o of_o genova_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o genova_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o state_n of_o genova_n comprehend_v finali_fw-la sarasena_n and_o noli_fw-la city_n of_o small_a import_n the_o metropolis_n genova_n be_v the_o mistress_n of_o this_o republic_n be_v account_v eight_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o inhabit_v by_o the_o great_a money-monger_n or_o usurer_n in_o the_o world_n who_o if_o they_o will_v not_o distrust_v god_n with_o their_o wealth_n by_o sea_n will_v easy_o become_v and_o be_v account_v famous_a merchant_n their_o usury_n be_v excessive_a and_o have_v more_o than_o once_o bring_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n into_o their_o book_n for_o vast_a sum_n of_o money_n but_o he_o have_v the_o trick_n of_o fail_v in_o his_o payment_n and_o performance_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v satisfy_v they_o in_o blanco_n in_o lieu_n of_o be_v pay_v in_o banco_n but_o i_o refer_v this_o to_o they_o that_o be_v constrain_v to_o suffer_v and_o to_o draw_v to_o my_o observation_n be_v such_o as_o i_o have_v gather_v upon_o this_o city_n this_o city_n will_v prove_v the_o most_o famous_a in_o all_o these_o sea_n for_o trading_n be_v not_o the_o inhabitant_n such_o note_a politician_n and_o great_a biter_n by_o exchange_n that_o no_o stranger_n can_v live_v among_o they_o for_o they_o envy_v the_o great_a commerce_n practise_v in_o legorn_n their_o neighbour_n and_o yet_o may_v exceed_v legorn_v will_v their_o greedy_a covetousness_n permit_v they_o and_o suffer_v merchant_n to_o bring_v their_o good_n thither_o upon_o small_a charge_n but_o that_o sovereign_a must_v not_o expect_v a_o plentiful_a trade_n that_o will_v have_v also_o a_o great_a custom_n pay_v upon_o all_o good_n and_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o lose_v the_o traffic_n of_o his_o country_n needs_o no_o other_o way_n to_o do_v it_o but_o by_o impose_v heavy_a custom_n upon_o merchant_n and_o their_o commodity_n but_o to_o their_o better_a consideration_n i_o refer_v this_o point_n and_o publish_v to_o the_o world_n their_o own_o common_a proverb_n which_o admit_v hardly_o any_o merchant_n to_o live_v or_o their_z among_o they_o genova_n fatta_fw-mi per_fw-la noi_fw-it their_o city_n be_v only_o make_v for_o themselves_o genova_n account_n in_o genova_n in_o genova_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n current_n the_o denier_n be_v 12_o to_o a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n to_o a_o livre_fw-fr which_o be_v 120_o ray_n of_o portugal_n and_o 16_o d._n sterling_n genova_n money_n in_o genova_n their_o current_a money_n be_v divers_a as_o border_v upon_o so_o many_o neighbour_n the_o most_o current_a be_v the_o denier_n 12_o to_o a_o soldo_n soldo_n 4_o make_v a_o cavalet_fw-la cavalet_n 5_o or_o sol_n 20_o make_v a_o livre_fw-fr which_o be_v 16_o d._n sterling_n liures_fw-fr 4_o sell_v 8_o be_v a_o crown_n sold_n 7_o den._n 6_o be_v a_o spanish_a rial_n of_o 6._o d._n sterling_n sold_n 90_o be_v a_o crown_n of_o gold_n ducat_n in_o silver_n be_v 4_o livre_n 16_o s._n l._n be_v 6_o s._n 5_o d._n sterling_n ducat_n current_n be_v 4_o livre_n sterling_a 5_o s._n 4_o d._n circa_fw-la ducat_n of_o gold_n be_v 68_o sold_n of_o gold_n lyre_n 3_o sol_n 1_o make_v a_o rial_n of_o eight_o lyre_n 4_o 13_o 4_o of_o genova_n have_v make_v 1_o ducat_n in_o legorn_n genova_n weight_n in_o genova_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n and_o the_o quintal_n be_v 100_o l._n ditto_n which_o be_v call_v the_o suttle_n quintar_n and_o the_o gross_a quintar_n be_v 150_o l._n thereof_o be_v 157½_n l._n subtle_a venice_n and_o this_o gross_a quintar_n agree_v with_o the_o gross_a weight_n of_o venice_n between_o which_o two_o place_n these_o note_n have_v be_v observe_v that_o 100_o l._n suttle_n genova_n make_v suttle_n in_o venetia_n 105_o l._n 100_o l._n gross_a genova_n be_v gross_a venetia_n 100_o l._n suttle_n 157½_n l._n the_o say_v 100_o l._n have_v make_v in_o london_n 71_o l._n circa_fw-la and_o 92½_n legorn_v and_o the_o 150_o l._n their_o gross_a quintar_n be_v london_n 105_o l._n circa_fw-la and_o the_o 112_o l._n london_n have_v make_v here_o 143_o l._n and_o by_o proof_n 100_o l._n in_o florence_n have_v make_v here_o 109_o l._n the_o gross_a quintar_n be_v 150_o l._n of_o 18_o ounce_n per_fw-la l._n by_o which_o be_v sell_v cotton_n and_o cotton-yarâ—_a cummin_n and_o anniseed_n honey_n rice_n brass_n lead_v tin_n soap_n and_o wool_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n genova_n measure_n in_o
few_o vessel_n in_o venetia_n naples_n and_o legorn_n all_o the_o merchant_n of_o italy_n can_v show_v a_o ship_n of_o 100_o tun_n naples_n be_v a_o large_a and_o rich_a country_n and_o genoa_n rich_a though_o of_o little_a extent_n yet_o the_o great_a number_n of_o nobility_n in_o the_o former_a and_o the_o great_a usury_n practise_v in_o the_o latter_a have_v reduce_v they_o to_o a_o neglect_n of_o all_o trade_n except_o what_o the_o bosom_n of_o their_o country_n do_v natural_o vend_v that_o they_o traffic_n with_o and_o these_o be_v in_o themselves_o rich_a induce_v other_o nation_n to_o bring_v they_o those_o few_o thing_n they_o want_v for_o though_o italy_n as_o it_o now_o stand_v acknowledge_v many_o sovereign_n yet_o one_o country_n supply_v another_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o little_a from_o foreigner_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v say_v while_o they_o have_v peace_n they_o have_v plenty_n some_o provision_n of_o fish_n corn_n and_o cloth_n england_n do_v furnish_v they_o and_o in_o return_n have_v only_o their_o silk_n fabric_n oil_n and_o some_o few_o other_o commodity_n so_o that_o put_v aside_o the_o trade_n drive_v thither_o by_o the_o english_a as_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o spaniard_n french_z or_o dutch_a be_v but_o small_a and_o but_o of_o little_a moment_n among_o they_o which_o in_o particular_a may_v be_v thus_o survey_v for_o venice_n i_o have_v give_v you_o the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o now_o in_o the_o wane_n and_o almost_o at_o the_o last_o breath_n save_v where_o it_o be_v preserve_v by_o their_o new_a devise_a edict_n and_o the_o natural_a grow_a currant_n and_o by_o their_o small_a trade_n to_o constantinople_n cairo_n and_o aleppo_n by_o sea_n and_o to_o austria_n dalmatia_n istria_n italy_n and_o into_o the_o upper_a germany_n by_o land_n the_o next_o part_n of_o this_o trade_n of_o italy_n be_v challenge_v by_o naples_n which_o in_o itself_o afford_v rich_a silk_n corn_n oil_n and_o wine_n with_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v content_v for_o they_o covet_v not_o much_o to_o traffic_n among_o themselves_o nor_o yet_o with_o other_o further_o than_o for_o their_o meat_n and_o drink_v and_o clothing_n which_o to_o the_o poor_a sort_n be_v most_o want_v the_o papacy_n her_o share_n in_o the_o trade_n of_o italy_n be_v not_o worth_a the_o nomination_n no_o more_o be_v mantua_n urbino_n and_o those_o other_o petty_a signiory_n the_o tuscan_n right_o demand_v a_o part_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v they_o both_o in_o their_o florentine_a fabric_n and_o in_o their_o privilege_a town_n of_o legorn_n but_o i_o may_v fear_v it_o will_v not_o last_v long_o for_o the_o duke_n grow_v both_o rich_a and_o covetous_a and_o daily_o encroach_a upon_o those_o liberty_n at_o first_o liberal_o give_v to_o stranger_n merchant_n in_o legorn_n and_o who_o every_o day_n be_v see_v to_o lay_v some_o new_a petty_a duty_n upon_o the_o good_n there_o as_o for_o genoa_n be_v they_o as_o true_o wise_a for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o commonwealth_n as_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v to_o themselves_o they_o be_v of_o ability_n to_o do_v better_o and_o to_o have_v that_o trade_n their_o neighbour_n now_o deprive_v they_o of_o milan_n likewise_o struggle_v for_o interest_n herein_o and_o shall_v have_v it_o by_o my_o consent_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v only_o in_o their_o iron_n work_v which_o the_o canton_n serve_v themselves_o with_o and_o in_o their_o fabric_n of_o silk_n which_o lion_n do_v help_v they_o to_o vend_fw-mi lucca_n may_v be_v offend_v in_o my_o silence_n but_o this_o city_n peace_n may_v further_o that_o trade_n which_o otherwise_o her_o own_o or_o her_o neighbour_n war_n will_v utter_o ruin_v you_o may_v see_v then_o of_o how_o many_o part_n and_o member_n this_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a italy_n be_v compose_v and_o how_o the_o trade_n thereof_o stand_v at_o this_o instant_n it_o enjoy_v a_o general_a peaceable_a and_o quiet_a inland_n traffic_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n more_o of_o branch_n breed_v within_o she_o own_o bowel_n than_o of_o foreign_a help_n their_o natural_a grow_a corn_n silk_n grain_n and_o oil_n induce_v they_o thereto_o and_o the_o benefit_n practise_v by_o exchanger_n induce_v the_o rich_a to_o use_v that_o trade_n only_o and_o no_o other_o wherein_o i_o will_v for_o this_o time_n leave_v they_o and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n turn_v my_o head_n and_o hand_n to_o the_o survey_v of_o the_o netherlands_o chap._n clxxviii_o of_o flanders_n and_o the_o netherlands_o or_o the_o seventeen_o province_n and_o their_o city_n thereof_o the_o seventeen_o province_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o i_o will_v here_o for_o good_a method_n sake_n in_o the_o first_o place_n take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o 17_o province_n which_o be_v find_v this_o day_n to_o contain_v 4_o dukedom_n 1._o limburg_n 2._o luxenburg_n 3._o gelderland_n 4._o brabant_n then_o 1._o marquisate_n which_o be_v of_o the_o holy_a empire_n next_o 7_o earldom_n which_o be_v 1._o flanders_n 2._o artois_n 3._o heinault_n 4_o nemur_n 5._o zutphen_n 6._o holland_n 7._o zealand_n and_o last_o 5_o barony_n 1._o westfriezland_n 2._o utrecht_n 3._o overysel_n 4._o machlin_n and_o 5._o groan_v of_o all_o which_o brief_o limburg_n limburg_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o limburg_n liege_n liege_n which_o i_o account_v the_o first_o province_n be_v liege_n or_o luyck_n as_o the_o principal_a city_n who_o trade_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v in_o these_o country_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o city_n of_o limburg_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n weser_n luxenburg_n luxenburg_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o luxenburg_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v luxenburg_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n of_o elze_n in_o this_o country_n be_v the_o famous_a water_n of_o spa_n where_o many_o sick_a man_n be_v find_v to_o drive_v a_o great_a healthful_a but_o costly_a traffic_n sedan_n sedan_n here_o be_v also_o sedan_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o bulloin_n but_o of_o small_a commerce_n gelderland_n gelderland_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o gelderland_n nimeguen_n nimeguen_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v nimeguen_v seat_v on_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o rhine_n call_v the_o whale_n and_o do_v much_o abound_v in_o cattle_n as_o afford_v fit_a pasturage_n thereto_o brabant_n brabant_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o brabant_n i_o find_v note_v many_o principal_a city_n louvain_n louvain_n as_o first_o louvain_n brussels_n brussels_n the_o second_o brussels_n the_o three_o be_v bergen_n ap_fw-mi some_o mastricht_n mastricht_n the_o four_o mastricht_n breda_n breda_n the_o five_o breda_n in_o all_o which_o be_v find_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n a_o reasonable_a traffic_n but_o be_v ignorant_a in_o many_o necessary_a particular_n i_o will_v also_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o more_o learned_a and_o better_o experience_v antwerp_n marquisate_n antwerp_n in_o the_o marquisate_n be_v find_v antwerp_n by_o which_o all_o the_o former_a city_n be_v govern_v in_o trade_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o traffic_n in_o time_n past_a be_v therein_o account_v the_o first_o and_o principal_n of_o the_o know_a world_n wherein_o i_o shall_v observe_v according_a to_o my_o former_a method_n these_o necessary_a particular_n of_o traffic_n follow_v chap._n clxxix_o of_o antwerp_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o antwerp_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o antwerp_n be_v account_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o trade_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o archduke_n in_o all_o these_o part_n and_o have_v have_v the_o prerogative_n above_o all_o other_o in_o time_n past_a neither_o yet_o to_o this_o day_n be_v so_o decay_v but_o that_o in_o many_o particular_n it_o give_v rule_n to_o all_o or_o the_o most_o of_o the_o neighbour_a city_n round_o about_o which_o consider_v to_o abbreviate_v my_o task_n i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o comprehend_v the_o trade_n of_o all_o those_o province_n that_o be_v under_o the_o government_n in_o this_o circuit_n to_o this_o particular_a city_n antwerp_n then_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o scheld_n which_o by_o eight_o channel_n cut_v run_v through_o this_o city_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v eight_o mile_n in_o compass_n some_o of_o these_o channel_n be_v able_a to_o hold_v 100_o great_a ship_n which_o make_v the_o same_o more_o commodious_a for_o the_o transport_v and_o carriage_n of_o ware_n to_o any_o part_n thereof_o the_o former_a and_o ancient_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v great_a and_o eminent_a and_o occasion_v as_o some_o have_v observe_v by_o three_o mean_n and_o have_v its_o decay_n also_o by_o three_o occasion_n first_o by_o reason_n of_o two_o free_a mart_n hold_v yearly_o continue_v five_o and_o forty_o day_n during_o which_o time_n no_o man_n either_o in_o his_o person_n or_o in_o his_o good_n can_v be_v arrest_v or_o molest_v for_o either_o debt_n
the_o inquisitive_a as_o for_o the_o general_a present_a trade_n of_o this_o country_n i_o shall_v comprise_v it_o with_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o netherlands_o in_o the_o 181_o chapter_n follow_v the_o first_o earldom_n account_v one_o of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n be_v flanders_n so_o call_v peradventure_o à _fw-la flando_fw-la as_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o wind_n divide_v into_o imperialem_fw-la gallicam_fw-la and_o tâ—…tâ—nicam_fw-la gaunt_n gaunt_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o trade_n therein_o be_v first_o gaunt_n who_o wall_n be_v seven_o mile_n in_o compass_n the_o two_o river_n of_o scheld_v and_o ley_n run_v through_o the_o same_o and_o make_v in_o it_o 26_o island_n which_o be_v join_v together_o by_o a_o hundred_o bridge_n and_o have_v not_o she_o often_o sedition_n ruinate_v her_o beauty_n she_o may_v have_v be_v queen_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o europe_n and_o here_o john_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n be_v bear_v common_o in_o history_n call_v john_n of_o gaunt_n bruges_n bruges_n the_o second_o city_n be_v bruges_n once_o the_o most_o famous_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n where_o sundry_a nation_n for_o many_o year_n keep_v both_o their_o magazine_n and_o factor_n for_o the_o sale_n and_o provide_v of_o all_o the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o the_o world_n now_o much_o decay_v of_o its_o former_a splendour_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n adventurer_n and_o of_o other_o nation_n to_o antwerp_n about_o the_o year_n 1503._o it_o be_v seat_v about_o three_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n upon_o a_o fair_a and_o deep_a artificial_a channel_n fill_v with_o the_o water_n of_o all_o the_o neighbour_a and_o adjoin_v stream_n and_o fountain_n which_o channel_n in_o this_o country_n be_v very_o frequent_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o level_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o general_a which_o do_v both_o further_a the_o traffic_n of_o the_o city_n and_o enrich_v the_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v in_o this_o country_n account_v four_o principal_a seaport_n which_o give_v entrance_n by_o sea_n into_o this_o part_n of_o flanders_n dunkirk_n dunkirk_n the_o first_o be_v dunkirk_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o do_v in_o time_n of_o war_n infest_v the_o sea_n by_o the_o name_n of_o freebooter_n and_o because_o most_o of_o their_o war_n be_v with_o the_o dutch_a who_o they_o account_v heretic_n the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o the_o romish_a religious_a rabblement_n of_o this_o place_n join_v with_o these_o pirate_n and_o bestow_v thus_o the_o charity_n of_o the_o ignorant_a secular_a towards_o the_o ruin_n and_o rapine_n of_o their_o fellow_n countryman_n and_o christian_n a_o evident_a testimony_n of_o the_o goodness_n and_o zeal_n of_o their_o devout_a order_n possess_v by_o the_o english_a and_o fortify_v anno_fw-la 1657_o and_o 58._o command_a by_o lockhart_n who_o publish_v his_o declaration_n as_o follow_v old_a jacobus_n at_o 15_o guilder_n the_o new_a one_o or_o carolus_n 14_o guilder_n english_a shilling_n 13_o stivers_n or_o pence_n half_a crown_n 32_o stivers_n and_o 1_o half_a gold_n spanish_a pistol_n 11_o guilder_n gold_n rial_n 8_o guilder_n gold_n sovereign_n 18_o guilder_n gold_n double_a ducat_n 12_o guilder_n gold_n french_a crown_n 5_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n or_o pence_n gold_n hungary_n ducat_n 6_o guilder_n gold_n albertine_n 7_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n gold_n reinis-guilder_n 3_o guilder_n 15_o stivers_n gold_n rider_n of_o zealand_n 7_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n the_o double_a one_o and_o half_a according_o gold_n flemish_a crown_n 4_o guilder_n 16_o stivers_n italian_n pistol_n 9_o guilder_n 12_o stivers_n gold_n crown_n of_o liege_n 3_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n silver_n ducatoon_n 3_o guilder_n 15_o stivers_n flemish_a or_o seal_v pattacoon_n 3_o guilder_n silver_n lewis_n 3_o guilder_n holland_n rixdollar_n 3_o guilder_n the_o half_a etc._n etc._n according_o cardicue_n of_o weight_n 1_o guilder_n french_a testoon_n of_o weight_n 19_o stivers_n french_a silver_n frank_n or_o livre_n of_o weight_n 1_o guilder_n 7_o stivers_n the_o half_a and_o quarter_n according_o flemish_a shilling_n 7_o stivers_n and_o ½_n the_o ½_n shilling_n according_o zealand_n shilling_n 7_o stivers_n flemish_a stooters_n 2_o stivers_n and_o ½_n flemish_n ten_o stuyver_n 12_o stivers_n flemish_n 5_o stuyver_n 6_o stivers_n flemish_a stivers_n and_o mark_v piece_n at_o 1_o stiver_n or_o 4_o farthing_n as_o also_o all_o flemish_a and_o french_a farthing_n be_v hereby_o declare_v to_o be_v good_a but_o those_o of_o liege_n and_o all_o other_o for_o bullion_n provide_v that_o no_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v more_o of_o the_o say_v flemish_a and_o french_a farthing_n than_o after_o the_o proportion_n of_o five_o penny_n in_o ten_o shilling_n or_o six_o guilder_n and_o whosoever_o shall_v presume_v either_o to_o pay_v out_o or_o receive_v the_o forementioned_a piece_n of_o money_n at_o high_a rate_n than_o those_o here_o express_v shall_v forfeit_v the_o say_a piece_n of_o monies_n and_o four_o time_n the_o value_n thereof_o scluse_n scluse_n the_o second_o be_v scluse_n seat_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o bruges_n command_v a_o fair_a haven_n capable_a of_o 500_o sail_n of_o good_a ship_n and_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o state_n and_o be_v take_v from_o the_o archduke_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1604._o with_o who_o welfare_n it_o can_v stand_v to_o suffer_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o enjoy_v any_o safe_a and_o large_a harbour_n in_o those_o sea_n or_o adjoin_v coast_n nieuport_n nieuport_n the_o three_o port_n be_v nieuport_n famous_v in_o these_o our_o day_n by_o the_o great_a battle_n fight_v near_o it_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1600._o between_o the_o archduke_n albertus_n and_o the_o state_n the_o victory_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v get_v next_o under_o god_n by_o the_o valour_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o english_a and_o their_o valiant_a commander_n ostend_n ostend_n the_o four_o seaport_n of_o this_o country_n be_v ostend_n which_o hold_v out_o a_o siege_n against_o the_o archduke_n of_o three_o year_n and_o three_o month_n which_o have_v make_v it_o for_o ever_o famous_a to_o posterity_n lisle_n lisle_n in_o this_o country_n of_o flanders_n proper_o belong_v to_o the_o french_a and_o who_o language_n be_v therein_o still_o use_v be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o lisle_n account_v the_o three_o town_n of_o traffic_n in_o all_o the_o netherlands_o and_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o some_o infer_v the_o first_o invention_n of_o lay_v of_o colour_n with_o oil_n of_o make_v of_o worsted-says_a and_o many_o other_o stuff_v which_o to_o this_o day_n be_v see_v to_o come_v thence_o next_o be_v douai_n a_o university_n tournay_n tournay_n then_o tournay_n which_o be_v surprise_v and_o take_v by_o our_o henry_n viii_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1513._o to_o who_o the_o citizen_n pay_v 100000_o crown_n for_o their_o ransom_n and_o it_o be_v restore_v afterward_o to_o the_o french_a for_o the_o same_o 600000_o crown_n and_o from_o he_o final_o take_v by_o charles_n v._n beside_o these_o there_o be_v account_v in_o flanders_n 35_o town_n and_o 1178_o village_n of_o lesseâ—_n note_n which_o i_o willing_o pass_v over_o brief_o as_o intend_v to_o comprehend_v the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o a_o chapter_n by_o itself_o artois_n artois_n the_o second_o earld_v they_o be_v artois_n contain_v twelve_o town_n of_o consequence_n and_o 750_o village_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o town_n of_o arras_n whence_o our_o tapestry_n and_o clothes_n of_o arras_n have_v have_v their_o invention_n and_o first_o original_a paul_n s._n paul_n then_o saint_n paul_n the_o earl_n thereof_o lewis_n of_o luxenburg_n play_v so_o often_o fast_o and_o loose_a with_o lewis_n xi_o of_o france_n with_o edward_z iu._n of_o england_n and_o with_o charles_n of_o burgundy_n that_o he_o keep_v they_o for_o many_o year_n at_o continual_a strife_n which_o duke_n charles_n at_o length_n requite_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o head_n and_o earldom_n heinault_n heinault_n the_o next_o earldom_n be_v heinault_n comprehend_v 950_o village_n and_o 24_o town_n of_o note_n cambray_n cambray_n the_o most_o eminent_a be_v cambray_n take_v by_o the_o spaniard_n from_o the_o french_a by_o the_o earl_n of_o fuentes_n anno_fw-la 1595._o account_v a_o free_a town_n then_o mons._n beauvais_n beauvais_n the_o next_o be_v beauvais_n at_o a_o pillar_n whereof_o begin_v all_o the_o way_n lead_v into_o france_n make_v all_o of_o pave_a stone_n by_o brunhault_n the_o french_a queen_n namure_n namure_n the_o next_o earldom_n be_v namure_n contain_v 180_o village_n and_o but_o 4_o town_n of_o note_n namure_n be_v the_o principal_a this_o country_n have_v for_o merchandise_n great_a store_n of_o grain_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o be_v enrich_v with_o mine_n of_o jasper_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o marble_n and_o so_o abundant_a in_o iron_n that_o it_o be_v incredible_a make_v the_o inhabitant_n thereby_o both_o wealthy_a and_o laborious_a and_o it_o be_v find_v moreover_o to_o produce_v
a_o coal_n wonderful_a in_o nature_n as_o kindle_v by_o water_n and_o quench_v by_o oil._n zutphen_n zutphen_n zutphen_n be_v the_o next_o earldom_n be_v only_o a_o town_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n issel_n of_o good_a strength_n take_v from_o the_o spaniard_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1590._o at_o the_o siege_n whereof_o be_v slay_v that_o honourable_a knight_n sir_n philip_n sidney_n of_o who_o be_v say_v digna_fw-la legi_fw-la scribis_fw-la facis_fw-la &_o dignissima_fw-la scribi_fw-la scripta_fw-la probant_fw-la doctum_fw-la te_fw-la tua_fw-la facta_fw-la probum_fw-la thou_o write_v thing_n worthy_a read_n and_o do_v do_v thing_n that_o be_v even_o most_o worthy_a writing_n too_o thy_o work_n thy_o learning_n praise_n thy_o deed_n thy_o goodness_n raise_v holland_n holland_n the_o next_o earldom_n be_v holland_n in_o circuit_n 180_o miles_n no_o part_n of_o which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o sea_n three_o hour_n journey_n and_o comprehend_v 400_o village_n and_o 23_o to_n dort_n dort_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v dort_n where_o anno_fw-la 1618._o be_v hold_v a_o national_a synod_n against_o the_o arminian_o harlem_n harlem_n second_o harlem_n where_o printing_n be_v invent_v three_o leyden_n a_o university_n consist_v of_o 41_o island_n to_o which_o there_o be_v passage_n partly_o by_o boat_n but_o principal_o by_o 40_o wooden_a bridge_n and_o by_o 110_o of_o stone_n the_o rarity_n whereof_o be_v the_o first_o city_n of_o consequence_n i_o note_v in_o these_o part_n anno_fw-la 1625._o i_o can_v not_o choose_v then_o but_o admire_v and_o here_o in_o this_o town_n be_v a_o castle_n say_v to_o be_v build_v by_o hengist_n the_o saxon_a at_o his_o return_n out_o of_o england_n if_o their_o story_n may_v be_v credit_v delft_n delft_n the_o next_o town_n be_v delft_n a_o place_n of_o residence_n for_o the_o merchant-adventurer_n of_o england_n where_o i_o be_v anno_fw-la 1625_o admit_v into_o that_o society_n who_o welfare_n i_o be_o bind_v to_o desire_v and_o who_o prosperity_n i_o wish_v may_v still_o increase_v and_o though_o these_o citizen_n have_v since_o upon_o some_o discontent_n force_v they_o to_o remove_v to_o rotterdam_n yet_o consider_v the_o town_n be_v compose_v altogether_o of_o brewer_n and_o that_o man_n so_o qualify_v be_v apt_a to_o forget_v themselves_o it_o may_v be_v imagine_v they_o have_v since_o sleep_v upon_o it_o and_o will_v peradventure_o regain_v their_o company_n at_o a_o great_a charge_n than_o can_v by_o any_o but_o by_o their_o wisdom_n be_v imagine_v alkmer_n alkmer_n the_o next_o be_v alkmer_n famous_a for_o the_o defeat_n which_o the_o duke_n d'alva_fw-la receive_v before_o it_o to_o his_o great_a loss_n of_o reputation_n and_o to_o this_o city_n honour_n rotterdam_n rotterdam_n the_o next_o be_v rotterdam_n famous_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o erasmus_n and_o note_v for_o lover_n of_o the_o english_a traffck_n in_o give_v late_o free_a and_o worthy_a privilege_n to_o the_o merchant-adventurer_n of_o england_n who_o from_o delft_n late_o remove_v hither_o to_o reside_v to_o the_o future_a prejudice_n of_o those_o brewer_n amsterdam_n amsterdam_n last_o amsterdam_n have_v now_o the_o honour_n of_o all_o these_o country_n for_o matter_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n it_o have_v raise_v itself_o to_o that_o height_n of_o trade_n by_o the_o industry_n policy_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o 1000_o sail_n of_o ship_n have_v be_v see_v at_o one_o tide_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o and_o as_o one_o of_o their_o own_o have_v it_o quod_fw-la tagus_n atque_fw-la hemus_n vehit_fw-la &_o pactolus_n in_o unum_fw-la vere_n hunc_fw-la congestum_fw-la dixeris_fw-la esse_fw-la locum_fw-la what_o tagus_n hemus_n and_o pactolus_n bear_v you_o will_v conjecture_v to_o be_v heap_v up_o here_o now_o for_o the_o manner_n and_o matter_n of_o their_o traffic_n i_o shall_v note_v the_o same_o such_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v it_o at_o my_o residency_n there_o in_o 1625_o abovementioned_a chap._n clxiii_o of_o amsterdam_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o amsterdam_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o amsterdam_n be_v now_o by_o the_o late_a addition_n of_o the_o new_a to_o the_o old_a a_o fair_a city_n strong_a and_o beautiful_a the_o river_n tay_n flow_v like_o a_o large_a and_o calm_a sea_n on_o the_o north-side_n thereof_o and_o the_o river_n amster_n of_o which_o and_o the_o word_n damn_v this_o city_n be_v name_v run_v from_o the_o south_n through_o three_o lake_n enter_v this_o city_n and_o pass_v through_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o river_n tay_n on_o the_o north-side_n this_o town_n do_v consist_v of_o 5_o principal_a street_n through_o which_o the_o water_n do_v run_v and_o be_v divide_v therewith_o in_o which_o ship_n barge_n and_o boat_n of_o all_o kind_n be_v find_v both_o to_o come_v and_o go_v continual_o either_o to_o lade_v or_o unlade_v which_o be_v not_o only_o beneficial_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o also_o commodious_a and_o beautiful_a the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v much_o enlarge_v since_o the_o passage_n of_o antwerp_n be_v stop_v and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n occasion_v by_o their_o industry_n their_o love_n to_o navigation_n and_o not_o the_o least_o by_o a_o great_a plenty_n of_o money_n which_o they_o deliver_v out_o at_o easy_a rate_n at_o interest_n as_o want_v land_n or_o other_o mean_n to_o put_v out_o the_o same_o to_o better_a benefit_n nothing_o be_v loft_n they_o but_o commerce_n and_o navigation_n to_o employ_v the_o same_o and_o of_o late_a day_n england_n and_o other_o neighbour_a country_n be_v find_v to_o have_v their_o estate_n go_v at_o interest_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v 8_o per_fw-la cent_n whereas_o in_o their_o own_o country_n 4_o and_o 5_o per_fw-la cent_n be_v as_o much_o as_o the_o same_o will_v yield_v they_o but_o for_o the_o coin_n weight_n and_o measure_n as_o i_o observe_v they_o i_o shall_v here_o insert_v and_o refer_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o better_o experience_v amsterdam_n account_n in_o amsterdam_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n as_o in_o antwerp_n by_o which_o all_o these_o part_n be_v regulate_v in_o former_a time_n for_o what_o concern_v traffic_n netherlands_o money_n of_o amsterdam_n and_o all_o the_o netherlands_o their_o money_n have_v also_o a_o correspondency_n with_o antwerp_n coin_n but_o inhanse_v or_o debase_v as_o they_o see_v occasion_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a yearly_a disbursment_n and_o ordinary_o the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o be_v as_o in_o the_o account_n of_o antwerp_n so_o as_o that_o their_o livre_fw-fr or_o pound_n which_o be_v twenty_o shilling_n flemish_n may_v be_v account_v twelve_o shilling_n sterling_a florin_n 6_o make_v that_o pound_n of_o 20_o stiver_n per_fw-la florin_n stivers_n 120_o make_v a_o pound_n of_o gross_n 6_o stivers_n a_o flemish_a shilling_n stivers_n 5_o be_v account_v as_o much_o as_o 6_o d._n sterling_a or_o 5_o sold_n turnois_n stiver_n 1_o be_v a_o sold_n turnois_n a_o gross_n be_v 6_o denier_n turnois_n carolus_n gulden_a be_v 20_o stiver_n 2_o shilling_n sterling_a or_o 20_o sol_n turnois_n beside_o these_o as_o the_o current_a money_n of_o the_o country_n all_o coin_n of_o europe_n do_v pass_v here_o current_o for_o their_o value_n and_o be_v receive_v and_o pay_v in_o payment_n for_o merchandise_n according_o amsterdam_n weight_n of_o amsterdam_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n 100_o whereof_o make_v their_o quintal_n which_o 100_o or_o quintal_n be_v hold_v in_o london_n to_o be_v incirca_fw-la 111_o l._n english_a yet_o some_o allege_v that_o the_o same_o true_o calculate_v will_v not_o produce_v above_o 108_o l._n subtle_a and_o for_o the_o concordancy_n see_v further_o amsterdam_n measure_n in_o amsterdam_n their_o measure_n be_v the_o ell_n which_o reduce_v to_o yard_n english_a be_v find_v to_o be_v 134_o ell_n for_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n and_o the_o 100_o ell_n of_o london_n be_v here_o 167½_n ell_n so_o that_o the_o 100_o elâ—_n here_o make_v in_o london_n about_o 74_o yard_n or_o 60½_n ell_n incirca_fw-la and_o 40_o flemish_a ell_n make_v in_o england_n 24_o ells._n amsterdam_n exchange_n in_o amsterdam_n in_o the_o exchange_n this_o place_n be_v govern_v by_o antwerp_n rise_v and_o fall_v according_a to_o their_o present_a occasion_n and_o the_o value_n current_n of_o their_o money_n which_o be_v often_o inhanse_v and_o debase_v it_o be_v very_o frequent_o observe_v in_o this_o city_n and_o the_o rest_n subject_n to_o the_o netherlands_o or_o to_o the_o unite_a province_n that_o when_o they_o have_v occasion_n of_o great_a receipt_n they_o be_v decry_v in_o value_n and_o raise_v again_o where_o they_o have_v occasion_n by_o their_o war_n or_o otherwise_o of_o great_a disbursement_n according_a to_o which_o diversity_n of_o needful_a occasion_n the_o exchange_n of_o the_o place_n be_v observe_v to_o alter_v therefore_o therein_o can_v be_v prescribe_v any_o direct_a
rule_n though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v find_v by_o common_a difference_n to_o be_v about_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n worse_o than_o the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o antwerp_n city_n weight_n of_o amsterdam_n with_o other_o city_n now_o for_o the_o 100_o l._n weight_n here_o in_o use_n i_o find_v the_o same_o thus_o by_o observation_n of_o some_o friend_n to_o answer_v and_o agree_v with_o these_o place_n as_o in_o antwerp_n 107_o l._n conixburgh_n 132_o  _fw-fr constantinople_n 93_o rot._n copenhagen_n 102_o l._n dantzick_n 126_o  _fw-fr flanders_n in_o general_n 117_o  _fw-fr florence_n 133_o  _fw-fr hamburgh_n 102_o  _fw-fr london_n 110_o  _fw-fr lion_n ordinary_a 118_o  _fw-fr mantua_n 155_o  _fw-fr marselia_n 119_o  _fw-fr melvin_n 131_o  _fw-fr milan_n of_o 12_o ounce_n 151_o  _fw-fr stockholm_n 127_o  _fw-fr venice_n subtle_a 167_o  _fw-fr venice_n gross_a 103_o  _fw-fr vienna_n 90_o  _fw-fr naples_n 128_o  _fw-fr noremberg_n 99_o  _fw-fr paris_n 98_o  _fw-fr portugal_n 113_o  _fw-fr prague_n 93_o  _fw-fr ragusa_n 140_o  _fw-fr revel_n 126_o  _fw-fr roven_n by_o viconte_n 97_o  _fw-fr rochel_n small_a 118_o  _fw-fr rome_n 139_o  _fw-fr santomer_n 117_o  _fw-fr saragosa_n 119_o  _fw-fr sevil_n small_a weight_n 113_o  _fw-fr sicilia_n 1â—_n ounce_n 161_o  _fw-fr stralsont_n 98_o  _fw-fr tholouse_n 118_o  _fw-fr verona_n 95_o  _fw-fr urbino_n 144_o  _fw-fr and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o the_o concordancy_n of_o the_o weight_n here_o use_v city_n measure_n of_o amsterdam_n with_o other_o city_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n here_o in_o use_n be_v a_o ell_n which_o thus_o be_v find_v to_o make_v with_o other_o place_n i_o say_v the_o 100_o ell_n do_v yield_v in_o aleppo_n 106_o pico_n argier_n 135_o covad_n alexandria_n 122_o pico_n antwerp_n 99_o ells._n conixburg_n 123_o  _fw-fr constantinople_n 111½_n pico_n florence_n for_o silk_n 101_o brac._n genova_n 120_o brace_n granado_n 82_o vares_n hamburgh_n 121_o ells._n lisbon_n short_a 82_o vares_n rome_n 33_o cane_n valentia_n 72_o can._n london_n 59_o ells._n ditto_n woollen_a 73½_n yard_n lion_n linen_n 59_o aulnâ—_n marselia_n woollen_a 33_o can._n middleburgh_n 99_o ells._n milan_n linen_n 118_o bra._n noremberg_n 118_o ells._n paris_n 58_o aulnâ—_n prague_n cloth_n 109_o ells._n ragusa_n 118_o bra._n roven_n 57_o auln_n sevil_n 82_o vares_n stockholm_n 123_o ells._n beside_o these_o measure_n of_o length_n the_o concave_a measure_n be_v in_o use_n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o last_o which_o contain_v 24_o small_a barrel_n each_o barrel_n 1½_n muyden_n or_o each_o muyden_n contain_v 1_o 〈◊〉_d sack_n each_o sack_n be_v three_o archeteling_n which_o be_v 3_o â—1_n 29_o shepel_v so_o that_o the_o last_o of_o corn_n contain_v 108_o shepel_v and_o this_o last_o be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o antwerp_n 37½_n vertules_fw-la bourdeaux_n 38_o boiseaux_n bruges_n 17½_n hoot_v cyprus_n 40_o medinos_n emden_n 55_o werps_n hamburgh_n 83_o shepel_v lisbon_n 225_o alquier_n london_n 10_o quarter_n pulia_n 36_o timans_fw-la rhegium_n 42_o loop_n roven_n 40_o mine_n rochel_n 128_o boiseax_n rotterdam_n 87_o archeteling_n sevil_n 54_o henegas_n sicilia_n 38_o medinos_n venice_n 32_o stare_v sweden_n 23_o measure_n copenhagen_n 23_o barrel_n for_o the_o measure_n of_o wine_n oil_n beer_n and_o other_o liquid_a commodity_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o malines_n and_o other_o better_a experience_a therein_o and_o proceed_v forward_o to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n zealand_n zealand_n zealand_n be_v the_o next_o and_o last_o earldom_n of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n consist_v of_o seven_o island_n the_o remainder_n of_o 15_o which_o the_o sea_n be_v say_v to_o have_v devour_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o seven_o be_v these_o middleburgh_n middleburgh_n first_o middleburgh_n which_o from_o nothing_o grow_v great_a by_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n and_o now_o by_o their_o removal_n hence_o be_v almost_o come_v to_o nothing_o again_o by_o this_o 〈◊〉_d and_o stoad_n and_o many_o other_o place_n may_v easy_o be_v discern_v the_o benefit_n that_o a_o trade_n bring_v to_o 〈◊〉_d city_n or_o country_n therefore_o my_o prayer_n shall_v ever_o be_v that_o london_n may_v never_o lose_v that_o great_a râ—…utation_n it_o have_v gain_v by_o commerce_n throughout_o the_o world_n flushing_n flushing_n the_o next_o city_n be_v flushing_n famous_a in_o that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o the_o low-country_n man_n get_v from_o the_o spaniard_n and_o be_v cautionary_a to_o the_o english_a sir_n philip_n sidney_n be_v the_o first_o governor_n thereof_o then_o brill_n tergouse_n brever-haven_n to_o all_o which_o my_o curiosity_n lead_v i_o in_o 1625._o in_o that_o my_o northern_a voyage_n west-friesland_n west-friesland_n west-friesland_n be_v the_o first_o barony_n and_o account_v one_o of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v for_o principal_a town_n lewardin_n next_o harlingham_n than_o zeutsen_n and_o some_o other_o seaport_n vtrecht_n vtrecht_n utrecht_n be_v the_o next_o barony_n contain_v therein_o the_o town_n of_o rhenen_n wicket_n amsford_n montford_n and_o utrecht_n the_o principal_a city_n and_o a_o pleasant_a bishopric_n it_o be_v account_v the_o most_o excellent_a seat_n in_o all_o these_o country_n whereto_o be_v find_v many_o ferries_n for_o passage_n for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o man_n may_v easy_o go_v hence_o in_o one_o day_n to_o any_o of_o 59_o wall_a town_n equal_o distant_a from_o this_o city_n or_o to_o any_o of_o 26_o town_n to_o dinner_n and_o return_v again_o at_o night_n to_o bed_n which_o be_v both_o strange_a and_o true_a overissel_n overissel_n overissel_n be_v the_o next_o from_z whence_o come_v our_o linen_n bear_v this_o name_n the_o chief_a 〈◊〉_d be_v swall_n campen_n and_o daventer_n mailin_n mailin_n mailin_n be_v the_o next_o famous_a in_o her_o famous_a nunnery_n where_o be_v sometime_o find_v 1600_o nun_n who_o may_v at_o their_o pleasure_n leave_v the_o cloister_n and_o marry_v as_o indeed_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o they_o groin_v groin_v the_o last_o province_n be_v groin_v the_o chief_a town_n be_v those_o of_o old_a haven_n and_o keykirk_n and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n in_o the_o say_v seventeen_o province_n now_o for_o the_o abbreviate_a of_o my_o work_n i_o have_v comprise_v in_o short_a the_o weight_n measure_n and_o trade_n of_o this_o populous_a and_o rich_a country_n thus_o according_a to_o my_o intend_a method_n london_n weight_n in_o general_a of_o the_o netherlands_o reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o london_n the_o particular_a weight_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o these_o seventeen_o province_n for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o have_v think_v good_a hereby_o themselves_o to_o reduce_v to_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o london_n and_o first_o for_o the_o 100_o l._n averdupois_n of_o england_n what_o it_o produce_v in_o these_o city_n in_o bruges_n 98_o l._n gaunt_z 104_o  _fw-fr audmarte_n 106_o  _fw-fr amsterdam_n 90_o  _fw-fr ypres_n 104_o  _fw-fr dixmude_a 104_o  _fw-fr lisle_n or_o lile_n 106_o  _fw-fr flanders_n in_o general_n 106_o  _fw-fr abbevil_n 90_o  _fw-fr alder_a 87_o  _fw-fr louvain_n 96_o  _fw-fr malmes_n 95_o  _fw-fr halste_v 104_o  _fw-fr popperin_n 104_o  _fw-fr douai_n 106_o  _fw-fr holland_n 95_o  _fw-fr tournay_n 104_o  _fw-fr st._n maur_n 106_o  _fw-fr guelderland_n 95_o  _fw-fr zealand_n 95_o  _fw-fr walsond_n 95_o  _fw-fr arschet_fw-mi 96_o  _fw-fr barow_n ap_fw-mi some_o 94_o  _fw-fr brussels_n 96_o  _fw-fr corterick_n 106_o  _fw-fr hartegen_n bosh_n 96_o  _fw-fr london_n measure_n in_o general_a of_o the_o netherlands_o reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n the_o reduction_n of_o their_o measure_n to_o the_o english_a 100_o yard_n be_v thus_o find_v to_o accord_v therewith_o as_o the_o 100_o yard_n in_o london_n make_v in_o bruges_n 126_o ells._n dunkirk_n 135_o  _fw-fr gaunt_n 130_o  _fw-fr honsooten_n 135_o  _fw-fr audemarte_n 130_o  _fw-fr ysingham_n 130_o  _fw-fr bolduc_n 135_o  _fw-fr dam_n 130_o  _fw-fr brussels_n 135_o  _fw-fr ypres_n 130_o  _fw-fr louvain_n 135_o  _fw-fr sluse_a 130_o  _fw-fr liege_n 135_o  _fw-fr mastricht_n 139_o  _fw-fr covin_z 93_o  _fw-fr lisle_n or_o lile_n 125_o  _fw-fr cambray_n 125_o  _fw-fr amsterdam_n 134_o  _fw-fr douai_n 125_o  _fw-fr harlem_n 125_o  _fw-fr henalt_n 126_o  _fw-fr guelderland_n 139_o  _fw-fr overissel_n 139_o  _fw-fr middleburg_n 135_o  _fw-fr flushing_n 138_o  _fw-fr vere_n 125_o  _fw-fr romerswald_n 132_o  _fw-fr artois_n in_o general_n 131_o  _fw-fr tourney_n 144_o  _fw-fr holland_n in_o general_n 138_o  _fw-fr chap._n clxxxi_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o flanders_n and_o of_o the_o netherlands_o flanders_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o the_o netherlander_n and_o flanders_n now_o let_v we_o consider_v the_o general_a trade_n and_o navigation_n of_o flanders_n i_o mean_v first_o that_o part_n thereof_o as_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o state_n and_o call_v
at_o antwerp_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o civil_a war_n then_o afoot_a in_o this_o country_n first_o then_o the_o portuguese_n have_v take_v calicut_n in_o the_o east-indies_n carry_v the_o spice_n of_o india_n to_o the_o fair_n of_o antwerp_n anno_fw-la 1503._o and_o contract_v with_o that_o city_n draw_v the_o fugger_n and_o welfar_n two_o potent_a german_a family_n of_o merchant_n thither_o after_o which_o the_o merchant_n of_o florence_n lucca_n and_o the_o spinolas_n of_o genova_n seat_v themselves_o there_o as_o also_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n of_o england_n anno_fw-la 1510._o and_o many_o other_o nation_n be_v invite_v thither_o by_o the_o privilege_n of_o marriage_n dowry_n which_o become_v shadow_n to_o many_o fraud_n for_o when_o husband_n either_o brake_n in_o their_o life-time_n or_o be_v find_v bankrupt_a at_o death_n the_o wife_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o debtor_n in_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o dowry_n and_o thus_o far_o he_o show_v the_o rise_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o bruges_n and_o how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v remove_v and_o settle_v in_o antwerp_n and_o how_o since_o also_o it_o have_v be_v lose_v and_o depart_v thence_o i_o have_v show_v in_o another_o place_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o insert_v of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o netherlands_n conclude_v that_o though_o the_o country_n be_v of_o small_a extent_n and_o be_v barren_a of_o rich_a commodity_n either_o to_o preserve_v or_o maintain_v a_o trade_n yet_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v make_v they_o potent_a wealthy_a and_o great_a merchant_n and_o now_o at_o this_o day_n they_o traffic_v to_o all_o part_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n with_o the_o commodity_n of_o their_o own_o country_n which_o by_o their_o endeavour_n and_o pain_n they_o make_v and_o purchase_v to_o be_v as_o if_o natural_o and_o real_o the_o same_o be_v their_o own_o now_o for_o the_o general_a trade_n of_o flanders_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v in_o obedience_n to_o the_o archduke_n or_o more_o proper_o to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o it_o hold_v not_o any_o equality_n at_o this_o day_n with_o that_o part_n in_o subjection_n to_o the_o state_n antwerp_n as_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o which_o the_o fleming_n do_v and_o may_v just_o boast_v be_v now_o as_o then_o the_o chief_a but_o the_o former_a splendour_n be_v now_o and_o long_o ago_o lose_v for_o it_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n but_o be_v now_o only_a the_o chief_a of_o this_o jurisdiction_n what_o it_o can_v former_o herein_o challenge_v it_o have_v now_o lose_v for_o if_o the_o trade_n thereof_o be_v well_o observe_v it_o will_v be_v discern_v it_o look_v not_o so_o high_a by_o many_o million_o as_o it_o do_v then_o the_o merchant_n the_o inhabitant_n partalâ—e_v of_o one_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o spaniard-merchant_n which_o they_o have_v since_o their_o reduction_n to_o that_o sceptre_n learn_v thence_o and_o this_o be_v never_o or_o very_a seldom_o to_o traffic_v or_o adventure_v their_o estate_n into_o any_o other_o prince_n dominion_n but_o where_o their_o lord_n be_v sovereign_n which_o rule_n find_v here_o as_o in_o all_o spain_n for_o the_o most_o part_n true_a and_o grant_v it_o must_v be_v confess_v their_o trade_n can_v possble_o be_v of_o any_o great_a consequence_n for_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o free_a and_o uncontrolled_a commerce_n that_o no_o country_n or_o nation_n how_o remote_a or_o distant_a soever_o can_v give_v limit_n or_o bind_v thereto_o whereupon_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v and_o as_o by_o proof_n at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v find_v observable_a their_o general_a traffic_n be_v small_a and_o consist_v more_o by_o a_o laborious_a industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n at_o home_n than_o by_o their_o great_a adventure_n by_o sea_n abroad_o their_o great_a navigation_n extend_v but_o to_o spain_n and_o in_o some_o second_o adventure_n thence_o to_o india_n and_o that_o for_o no_o great_a matter_n and_o otherwise_o they_o trouble_v not_o neither_o the_o east_n nor_o west_n neither_o the_o north_n nor_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o world_n no_o nor_o hardly_o as_o far_o as_o into_o france_n england_n or_o into_o the_o netherlands_o the_o near_a neighbour_n when_o at_o amity_n for_o any_o great_a matter_n of_o moment_n the_o principal_a mean_n whereby_o their_o small_a traffic_n be_v now_o maintain_v to_o they_o be_v by_o their_o several_a sort_n of_o cunning_a and_o artificial_a fabric_n and_o manufacture_n which_o every_o town_n of_o any_o note_n be_v notable_a for_o such_o as_o be_v hang_n of_o arras_n tapestry_n some_o sort_n of_o stuff_n of_o silk_n and_o of_o woollen_a and_o linen_n and_o in_o exchange_n to_o purchase_v which_o the_o english_a french_a and_o other_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n bring_v they_o woollen_a clothes_n and_o wine_n and_o some_o other_o needful_a provisio_fw-la be_v which_o they_o want_v to_o supply_v their_o occasion_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o those_o army_n as_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n see_v to_o be_v say_v maintain_v and_o clothe_v in_o this_o country_n dunkirk_n their_o only_a and_o best_a seaport_n afford_v some_o ship_n and_o so_o poor_o set_v on_o work_n by_o way_n of_o merchandise_v that_o they_o find_v their_o best_a traffic_n to_o consist_v of_o thievery_n and_o boothal_n against_o both_o their_o friend_n and_o their_o enemy_n the_o netherlander_n which_o yet_o they_o be_v so_o far_o unable_a real_o to_o set_v out_o to_o any_o competency_n of_o strength_n that_o the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o the_o devout_a order_n of_o friar_n be_v oftentimes_o induce_v to_o set_v their_o help_a hand_n thereto_o this_o way_n oftentimes_o spend_v in_o uncharitable_a action_n and_o bloodshed_n the_o charitable_a alm_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o delude_a multitude_n and_o how_o well_o this_o trade_n have_v thrive_v with_o these_o irreligious_a ecclesiastical_a order_n their_o great_a loss_n by_o their_o report_n sufficient_o witness_v to_o the_o world_n so_o leave_v the_o antwerpian_n to_o endeavour_v the_o regain_n of_o their_o lose_a traffic_n and_o the_o dunkirk_n freebooter_n and_o their_o holy_a partner_n to_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o late_a damage_n by_o some_o more_o honest_a commerce_n i_o will_v here_o leave_v flanders_n and_o hence_o travel_v further_o into_o this_o continent_n and_o survey_v the_o particular_a trade_n of_o the_o famous_a empire_n of_o germany_n chap._n clxxxii_o of_o germany_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o province_n germany_n and_o the_o province_n have_v brief_o run_v through_o flanders_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o reduce_v the_o trade_n thereof_o into_o two_o principal_a city_n that_o be_v to_o antwerp_n for_o flanders_n and_o the_o other_o province_n subject_a to_o the_o spaniard_n and_o to_o amsterdam_n for_o holland_n and_o the_o other_o city_n subject_n to_o the_o state_n i_o must_v be_v constrain_v in_o a_o manner_n to_o use_v the_o same_o method_n in_o the_o survey_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o germany_n reduce_v their_o traffic_n of_o the_o lesser_a to_o the_o great_a city_n the_o great_a be_v also_o not_o much_o know_v to_o our_o nation_n for_o any_o eminency_n this_o way_n as_o be_v inland_n to_o which_o our_o english_a who_o traffic_n principal_o consist_v at_o sea_n and_o consequent_o in_o maritime_a town_n have_v but_o little_a knowledge_n of_o though_o otherwise_o eminent_a as_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o it_o bound_v germany_n bound_v germany_n then_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o france_n and_o belgium_n on_o the_o north_n with_o demnark_n and_o her_o sea_n on_o the_o east_n with_o prussia_n poland_n and_o hungary_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o alps_n germany_n commodity_n of_o germany_n this_o country_n do_v afford_v to_o the_o merchant_n for_o transportation_n many_o notable_a commodity_n as_o silver_n copper_n tin_n iron_n and_o lead_n by_o their_o mine_n corn_n wines_n allom_n quicksilver_n arm_n of_o all_o sort_n divers_a manufacture_n as_o linen_n woollen_a silk_n etc._n etc._n and_o sundry_a other_o commodity_n 72._o hans-town_n 72._o three_o sort_n of_o city_n be_v say_v to_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o empire_n the_o first_o be_v those_o that_o be_v call_v hans-town_n which_o be_v such_o as_o enjoy_v large_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o be_v think_v to_o be_v about_o 72_o in_o number_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v find_v either_o to_o border_n upon_o the_o sea_n or_o be_v seat_v upon_o great_a and_o navigable_a river_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n rich_a and_o of_o reasonable_a commerce_n and_o trade_n or_o famous_a and_o note_v for_o some_o one_o particular_a art_n fabric_n or_o manufacture_n 60._o imperial_a city_n 60._o the_o second_o sort_n be_v call_v imperial_a city_n and_o account_v free_a in_o
respect_n of_o their_o great_a prerogative_n as_o in_o coin_v of_o money_n and_o know_v no_o lord_n but_o rule_v by_o the_o imperial_a law_n for_o which_o they_o acknowledge_v and_o pay_v a_o contribution_n yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n who_o they_o account_v their_o protector_n and_o these_o be_v find_v to_o be_v about_o 60_o in_o number_n principality_n principality_n the_o three_o be_v such_o as_o be_v hold_v by_o inheritance_n by_o some_o prince_n as_o be_v heidelberg_n vienna_n and_o other_o of_o which_o be_v account_v in_o this_o empire_n incirca_fw-la and_o may_v be_v call_v principality_n there_o be_v also_o find_v in_o this_o empire_n conduce_v to_o traffic_n beside_o the_o lesser_a four_o great_a navigable_a river_n that_o enrich_v these_o hans-town_n imperial_o and_o principality_n communicate_v the_o commodity_n of_o one_o city_n to_o another_o and_o at_o last_o to_o the_o seaport_n where_o the_o same_o be_v last_o of_o all_o vend_v into_o foreign_a kingdom_n danubius_n danubius_n the_o prime_n whereof_o be_v danubius_n which_o in_o run_v 1500_o miles_n do_v receive_v above_o 60_o navigable_a river_n and_o disgorge_v itself_o into_o the_o euxine_a or_o black-sea_n rhyne_n rhyne_n the_o second_o be_v the_o rind_n run_v 800_o mile_n through_o germany_n and_o belgia_n disgorge_v iâ—_n self_n into_o the_o german_a ocean_n albis_n albis_n take_v in_o albis_n which_o be_v account_v navigable_a for_o 400_o mile_n and_o some_o other_o and_o be_v the_o three_o river_n of_o this_o country_n adera_n adera_n the_o four_o be_v odera_fw-la run_v 300_o mile_n in_o length_n issue_v out_o in_o the_o baltick-sea_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v many_o other_o of_o note_n as_o weser_n emse_n and_o other_o in_o themselves_o find_v to_o be_v great_a river_n enrich_v divers_a part_n of_o this_o country_n though_o far_o inferior_a to_o the_o former_a east-frisland_n east-frisland_n last_o this_o empire_n be_v find_v to_o contain_v 20_o large_a province_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o little_a insight_n therein_o i_o will_v cursory_o pass_v over_o and_o refer_v the_o same_o wherein_o i_o be_o defective_a to_o the_o better_a learned_a east-frisland_n be_v account_v the_o first_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o oldenberg_n ammerdam_n and_o last_o emden_n which_o for_o its_o former_a eminency_n in_o trade_n i_o can_v so_o slight_o pass_v over_o without_o a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n clxxxiii_o of_o emden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o emden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o emden_n have_v be_v in_o time_n pass_v of_o far_o great_a trade_n than_o now_o it_o be_v it_o be_v for_o some_o year_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n but_o the_o civil_a war_n about_o religion_n raise_v between_o the_o citizen_n and_o their_o count_n be_v in_o part_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o city_n lie_v in_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o only_o divide_v by_o the_o river_n emse_n from_o the_o netherlands_n and_o by_o a_o inland_a sea_n from_o west-frisland_n be_v one_o of_o those_o province_n in_o summer_n it_o be_v find_v a_o pleasant_a city_n but_o in_o winter_n as_o if_o drown_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o all_o the_o field_n cover_v with_o water_n make_v it_o to_o appear_v as_o a_o island_n in_o the_o water_n as_o for_o the_o money_n current_n and_o form_n of_o account_n keep_v here_o by_o merchant_n i_o omit_v that_o to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o coin_n and_o account_n of_o germany_n in_o general_a but_o note_v hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n in_o use_n be_v these_o emden_n weight_n of_o emden_n the_o common_a weight_n of_o emden_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o the_o quintal_n or_o 100_o l._n make_v in_o london_n emden_n measure_v of_o emden_n their_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n be_v a_o ell_n wherewith_o they_o measure_v linen_n woollen_a and_o silk_n in_o general_a the_o 100_o whereof_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o london_n 48½_n ell_n and_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n to_o have_v make_v there_o about_o 162_o or_o 163_o ells._n corn_n be_v here_o measure_v by_o the_o werp_n 55_o werps_n make_v 10_o quarter_n of_o london_n or_o a_o last_o of_o amsterdam_n but_o 61_o werps_n be_v here_o a_o last_o consist_v of_o 4_o werps_n great_a of_o 15½_n barrel_n the_o werp_n westphalia_n westphalia_n westphalia_n be_v next_o contain_v in_o itself_o a_o large_a tract_n and_o produce_v those_o acorn_n in_o abundance_n which_o feed_v their_o swine_n and_o which_o afford_v those_o gammon_n which_o be_v account_v so_o excellent_a a_o dish_n the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o country_n be_v bremen_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o breme_n as_o the_o principal_a then_o clappenburgh_n exenburgh_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n then_o collonia_n wherein_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o three_o wise_a man_n which_o come_v from_o the_o east_n to_o worship_v our_o saviour_n and_o this_o belong_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o collen_n here_o be_v also_o warendorp_n and_o some_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o munster_n and_o boport_n enger_n coblent_n and_o trier_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o trier_n of_o the_o principal_a of_o which_o a_o word_n passando_fw-la chap._n clxxxiv_o of_o breme_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o breme_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o breme_n be_v one_o of_o the_o hans-town_n so_o call_v for_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o traffic_n here_o practise_v strong_o fortify_v five_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n the_o river_n visurge_v serve_v to_o convey_v all_o commodity_n hither_o as_o run_v through_o the_o city_n ossenbridge_n ossenbridge_n near_o which_o lie_v that_o small_a but_o well_o know_v town_n of_o ossenbridge_n note_v for_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o narrow_a linen_n cloth_n that_o be_v hence_o convey_v to_o england_n and_o other_o country_n it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o this_o city_n the_o custom_n be_v first_o raise_v in_o swear_v and_o enhance_a new_a comer_n by_o bread_n and_o salt_n and_o of_o infranchise_v they_o into_o their_o city_n by_o pay_v a_o certain_a mulct_n or_o fine_a in_o good_a liquor_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n which_o be_v now_o a_o general_a receive_v custom_n in_o all_o the_o hans-town_n of_o germany_n and_o become_v part_n of_o the_o traffic_n thereof_o breme_n weight_n of_o breme_n the_o common_a weight_n of_o breme_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o ounce_n the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o have_v render_v in_o london_n pound_n breme_n measure_n of_o breme_n the_o common_a measure_n for_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o ell_n above_o mention_v in_o emden_n but_o in_o ossenbridge_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o 100_o yard_n london_n make_v 84_o ell_n there_o incirea_v and_o the_o 100_o ell_n of_o london_n be_v here_o in_o ossenbridge_n about_o 105_o ells._n chap._n clxxxv_o of_o collen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o collen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o collen_n common_o for_o distinction_n call_v in_o latin_a colonia_n agrippina_n be_v a_o very_a fair_a city_n whereto_o be_v find_v great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n near_o to_o this_o city_n do_v caesar_n with_o incredible_a expedition_n make_v a_o bridge_n over_o the_o river_n rhyne_n near_o which_o the_o town_n be_v at_o present_a situate_a which_o more_o terrify_v the_o barbarous_a enemy_n than_o the_o report_n of_o his_o valour_n the_o archbishop_n of_o this_o city_n be_v the_o second_o especial_a elector_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o chancellor_n of_o italy_n here_o '_o we_o say_v be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o three_o wiseman_n which_o come_v from_o the_o east_n to_o worship_v our_o saviour_n vulgar_o call_v the_o three_o king_n of_o collen_n who_o body_n be_v translate_v by_o helena_n the_o mother_n of_o constantine_n unto_o constantinople_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o eustorfius_n bishop_n of_o milan_n transport_v to_o milan_n final_o bring_v hither_o by_o rinoldus_n bishop_n of_o this_o place_n collen_n weight_n of_o collen_n the_o common_a weight_n of_o collen_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v make_v in_o london_n 110_o l._n collen_n measure_n of_o collen_n the_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n here_o in_o use_n the_o 100_o ell_n whereof_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o london_n 60_o ells._n collen_n exchange_n of_o collen_n here_o be_v great_a exchange_n practise_v in_o this_o city_n as_o proper_a and_o fit_a thereunto_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o rich_a banker_n and_o merchant_n that_o be_v find_v here_o to_o reside_v the_o which_o i_o have_v large_o declare_v in_o chap._n 290._o of_o exchange_n of_o this_o place_n in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o work_n wherefore_o it_o will_v be_v here_o needless_a to_o insert_v the_o same_o
dantzicker_n under_o pretence_n of_o the_o suevian_a war_n exact_v of_o they_o a_o dollar_n for_o each_o woollen-cloth_n and_o as_o much_o proportionable_o upon_o all_o other_o commodity_n and_o afterward_o though_o the_o war_n be_v end_v yet_o will_v remit_v nothing_o of_o the_o same_o and_o withal_o forbid_v the_o english_a by_o a_o law_n decree_v to_o live_v in_o poland_n the_o commodity_n whereof_o be_v only_o sell_v there_o lest_o they_o shall_v learn_v the_o language_n and_o find_v out_o the_o mystery_n of_o that_o trade_n and_o country_n and_o last_o when_o as_o they_o exact_v as_o much_o weekly_a of_o a_o englishman_n dwell_v in_o their_o city_n as_o they_o do_v of_o a_o jew_n dwell_v there_o among_o they_o the_o english_a thereupon_o make_v agreement_n with_o the_o senate_n of_o melvin_n for_o a_o 11_o year_n to_o pay_v they_o six_o gross_a for_o each_o cloth_n bring_v in_o and_z according_o for_o all_o other_o good_n and_o to_o pay_v as_o much_o more_o in_o the_o city_n of_o kettle_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n for_o his_o give_v they_o free_a passage_n to_o melvin_n and_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o settle_v their_o staple_n in_o melvin_n whereupon_o the_o dantzicker_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o citizen_n of_o melvin_n and_o the_o hamburger_n no_o less_o with_o those_o of_o stoad_n procure_v all_o the_o free_a city_n by_o a_o public_a writing_n to_o out_o law_n not_o only_a melvin_n and_o stoad_n for_o receive_v the_o english_a to_o the_o common_a prejudice_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o also_o ceningsberg_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n and_o the_o free_a city_n of_o lubeck_n for_o favour_v the_o english_a in_o this_o their_o course_n and_o for_o permit_v they_o be_v stranger_n to_o sell_v their_o good_n to_o any_o other_o than_o the_o citizen_n of_o each_o several_a city_n but_o how_o these_o difference_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v reconcile_v and_o their_o staple_n remove_v thence_o i_o have_v show_v in_o other_o place_n prusen_n trade_n of_o prusen_n and_o be_v now_o enter_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o prusen_n a_o german_a province_n but_o of_o late_a year_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o enlarge_v myself_o upon_o some_o particular_n thereof_o the_o english_a then_o be_v find_v to_o bring_v thither_o great_a quantity_n of_o tin_n lead_v and_o woollen_a clothes_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o to_o bring_v thence_o hard_a and_o liquid_a pitch_n hemp_n flax_n cable_n mast_n for_o ship_n board_n and_o timber_n for_o build_v linen_n cloth_n wax_n mineral_n salt_n which_o in_o poland_n they_o dig_v out_o of_o pit_n like_o great_a stone_n and_o the_o same_o be_v put_v to_o the_o fire_n be_v make_v pure_a and_o be_v black_a his_o colour_n be_v more_o durable_a and_o less_o subject_a to_o give_v again_o than_o our_o boil_a salt_n also_o they_o bring_v thence_o pine_n ash_n for_o make_v of_o soap_n common_o know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o soap-ash_n and_o corn_n in_o great_a quantity_n yet_o the_o english_a be_v find_v seldom_o to_o have_v need_n of_o their_o corn_n for_o the_o use_n of_o england_n which_o many_o time_n of_o their_o own_o they_o transport_v to_o other_o nation_n but_o they_o buy_v it_o as_o the_o free_a city_n do_v to_o transport_v it_o to_o other_o country_n which_o the_o low_a countryman_n do_v also_o buy_v as_o well_o for_o themselves_o as_o to_o serve_v spain_n and_o other_o country_n therewith_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n thereof_o be_v hence_o disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n amber_n amber_n amber_n be_v also_o bring_v from_o thence_o but_o not_o gather_v neither_o at_o melvin_n nor_o dantzick_n as_o some_o imagine_v but_o on_o the_o seaside_n of_o koningsperg_n where_o as_o i_o say_v the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n hold_v his_o court_n and_o so_o all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o curland_n where_o howsoever_o it_o lie_v in_o great_a quantity_n on_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v as_o safe_a as_o if_o it_o be_v lock_v up_o in_o warehouse_n since_o it_o be_v death_n for_o any_o to_o take_v up_o the_o least_o piece_n thereof_o and_o be_v only_o by_o the_o law_n account_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a commodity_n of_o the_o duke_n to_o who_o the_o same_o appertain_v and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v think_v requisite_a to_o handle_v concern_v the_o trade_n of_o germany_n in_o general_a or_o of_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o heâ—…-tomns_a in_o particular_a i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o kingdom_n which_o in_o order_n be_v denmark_n and_o to_o the_o principal_a city_n and_o particular_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n ccx_o of_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o denmark_n have_v on_o the_o east_n mare_n balticum_n on_o the_o west_n the_o german_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n sweden_n on_o the_o south_n germany_n this_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n fish_n tallow_n hides_n and_o have_v abundance_n of_o ox_n 50000_o be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v hence_o yearly_a to_o germany_n also_o buck-skin_n armour_n of_o all_o soâ—…s_n furniture_n for_o ship_v board_n such_o as_o wainscot_n fir-wood_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n now_o contain_v cimbrick_n chersonese_n the_o island_n of_o the_o baltic_a and_o part_n of_o sâ—…dia_n and_o first_o this_o chersonese_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o province_n alsatia_n alsatia_n alsatia_n be_v the_o first_o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n niemunster_n and_o bramsted_n and_o be_v the_o title_n of_o the_o second_o son_n of_o denmark_n dithmars_n dithmars_n dithmars_n be_v the_o second_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o marn_n and_o meldâ—…_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o last_o be_v esteem_v so_o wealthy_a that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o cover_v their_o house_n which_o copper_n slesia_n slesia_n slesia_n be_v the_o three_o wherein_o be_v of_o note_n sleswick_n 2_o gottorp_n and_o 3_o londen_n a_o haven_n town_n jutland_n jutland_n jutland_n be_v the_o four_o the_o town_n of_o note_n be_v rincopen_n 2_o nicopen_fw-mi 3_o holn_n and_o 4_o arhausen_n island_n baltic_a island_n the_o baltic_a island_n be_v 35_o in_o number_n but_o of_o they_o 4_o be_v sound_n to_o be_v of_o principal_a note_n 1_o sâ—land_n 2_o fionia_n 3_o bornholm_n and_o 4_o fimeria_n of_o which_o a_o word_n seeland_n seeland_n in_o seeland_n be_v find_v thirteen_o city_n copenhagen_n copenhagen_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v haffen_n the_o king_n seat_n and_o the_o only_a university_n in_o denmark_n know_v to_o other_o nation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o copenhagen_n that_o be_v mercaâ—…rum_n portus_n or_o the_o merchant_n haven_n elsinour_n elsinour_n second_o elsinour_n stand_v on_o the_o seaside_n in_o which_o town_n the_o merchant_n that_o have_v pass_v or_o be_v to_o pass_v the_o sound_n do_v pay_v their_o custom_n to_o the_o king_n and_o three_o rochilt_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o danish_a king_n between_o this_o island_n and_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o scandivonia_n be_v the_o passage_n call_v the_o sound_n towards_o muscovia_n which_o do_v former_o yield_v unto_o this_o king_n a_o great_a yearly_a profit_n but_o now_o much_o decay_v since_o the_o english_a find_v out_o the_o northern_a passage_n into_o russia_n this_o sound_n be_v in_o breadth_n 3_o mile_n and_o command_v oâ—_n scandia_n side_n by_o the_o castle_n of_o helsenburgh_n and_o on_o this_o island_n by_o that_o of_o cronburg_n both_o castle_n of_o good_a defence_n fionia_n fionia_n in_o fionia_n be_v find_v eight_o town_n the_o principal_a whereof_o osel_n scomberg_n and_o other_o bornholm_n bornholm_n in_o bornholmia_n be_v a_o principal_a city_n bornholm_n fimeria_n fimeria_n in_o fimeria_n be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o peterborn_n and_o be_v the_o island_n in_o which_o that_o famous_a mathematician_n tycho_n brabe_n build_v a_o artificial_a tower_n wherein_o he_o study_v the_o mathematics_n and_o wherein_o be_v still_o reserve_v many_o of_o his_o rare_a mathematical_a instrument_n scandia_n scandia_n scandia_n be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n lie_v part_n of_o it_o on_o this_o side_n and_o part_n beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n so_o that_o the_o long_a day_n in_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n be_v about_o three_o month_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n swetland_n and_o part_n of_o denmark_n the_o part_n of_o it_o belong_v to_o denmark_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o province_n 1_o halandia_n 2_o schona_n and_o blesida_n halandia_n halandia_n in_o halandia_n be_v halaneso_n scania_n scania_n in_o scania_n be_v the_o city_n of_o londis_fw-la a_o fair_a haven_n falsgerbode_v and_o the_o castle_n of_o elsimbourg_n one_o of_o the_o key_n of_o the_o sound_v before_o mention_v and_o the_o sea_n be_v here_o say_v sometime_o so_o to_o abound_v with_o herring_n that_o ship_n be_v scarce_o
able_a with_o wind_n and_o oar_n to_o break_v through_o they_o and_o the_o country_n be_v the_o pleasant_a of_o all_o denmark_n blesida_n blesida_n in_o blesida_n be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o malmogia_n and_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o colmar_n against_o the_o sweedlandeâ—_n the_o principal_a trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v contain_v in_o copenhagen_n and_o elsinour_n therefore_o under_o the_o title_n of_o these_o two_o i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o traffic_n of_o this_o kingdom_n chap._n ccxi_o of_o copenhagen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o copenhagen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o copenhagen_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n in_o winter_n and_o may_v be_v interpret_v the_o merchant_n haven_n on_o the_o east-side_n be_v the_o king_n palace_n or_o castle_n which_o border_v on_o the_o sea_n shore_n where_o the_o haven_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o sea_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o north_n side_n thereof_o the_o city_n be_v of_o a_o round_a form_n afford_v little_a beauty_n as_o be_v but_o mean_o build_v of_o wood_n and_o clay_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o stone_n here_o be_v find_v some_o merchant_n yet_o for_o the_o mostipart_n of_o no_o great_a eminence_n for_o the_o country_n afford_v no_o rich_a commodity_n that_o may_v allure_v other_o thither_o or_o serve_v to_o be_v transport_v to_o other_o region_n whereby_o a_o gain_n may_v be_v expect_v copenhagen_n the_o coin_n of_o copenhagen_n the_o money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n common_o current_n be_v the_o dollar_n and_o shilling_n two_o danish_n shilling_n make_v one_o lubeck_n shilling_n and_o 66_o danish_a shilling_n account_v for_o a_o rix_n dollar_n which_o be_v five_o shilling_n sterling_a denmark_n account_n in_o denmark_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v by_o mark_n of_o 16_o shilling_n danish_n their_o exchange_n be_v here_o practise_v by_o the_o rix_n dollar_n above_o mention_v the_o common_a current_a coin_n of_o these_o country_n etc._n measure_n and_o weight_n etc._n etc._n their_o measure_n and_o weight_n i_o will_v brief_o observe_v by_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o hasten_v to_o elsinour_n chap._n ccxii_o of_o elsinour_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o elsinour_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o elsinour_n of_o itself_o be_v but_o a_o poor_a village_n but_o much_o frequent_v by_o seaman_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o neighbourhood_n to_o that_o straight_a sea_n call_v the_o sound_n where_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v lay_v so_o great_a imposition_n upon_o all_o ship_n and_o good_n come_v out_o or_o go_v into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n as_o this_o sole_a profit_n surpass_v far_o all_o the_o revenue_n of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o strong_a castle_n of_o cronburg_n lie_v in_o this_o village_n upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o this_o straight_a to_o which_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o this_o narrow_a sea_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n another_o castle_n be_v opposite_a call_v elsburg_n which_o two_o be_v the_o keeper_n of_o this_o straight_a that_o no_o ship_n can_v pass_v in_o or_o come_v out_o of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n without_o their_o leave_n and_o consequent_o without_o due_a payment_n of_o this_o imposition_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o cronburg_n castle_n be_v the_o large_a road_n for_o ship_n towards_o the_o baltic_a sea_n where_o the_o king_n be_v say_v to_o have_v his_o lodging_n which_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v a_o delectable_a prospect_n to_o all_o man_n but_o especial_o to_o he_o for_o ship_n go_v in_o and_o out_o here_o by_o fleet_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o he_o be_v certain_a that_o none_o do_v pass_v either_o way_n but_o according_a to_o their_o burden_n and_o load_n add_v somewhat_o to_o his_o treasury_n the_o haven_n be_v able_a to_o contain_v a_o great_a fleet_n for_o it_o have_v cronburg_n castle_n on_o the_o north_n side_n the_o castle_n of_o elsburg_n on_o the_o east_n side_n and_o seeland_n the_o chief_a island_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o the_o west_n side_n and_o the_o island_n fimeria_n or_o whern_n on_o the_o south_n side_n in_o which_o i_o note_v before_o that_o tycho_n brahe_n the_o famous_a mathematician_n have_v his_o residence_n the_o dane_n conceive_v this_o island_n to_o be_v of_o such_o importance_n as_o they_o have_v a_o fable_n that_o henry_n the_o seven_o of_o england_n offer_v for_o the_o possession_n of_o it_o as_o much_o scarlet_a cloth_n as_o will_v cover_v the_o same_o with_o a_o rose_n noble_a at_o the_o corner_n of_o each_o cloth_n if_o any_o such_o offer_n be_v make_v doubtless_o the_o wildom_o and_o judgement_n of_o that_o prince_n know_v how_o to_o make_v that_o island_n be_v fortify_v peradventure_o to_o return_v he_o his_o charge_n again_o with_o good_a interest_n but_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a by_o reason_n that_o it_o can_v benefit_v a_o foreign_a prince_n whole_a territory_n h_v out_o of_o the_o sound_n by_o which_o he_o must_v needs_o enter_v those_o before_o mention_v castle_n command_v the_o entrance_n though_o it_o may_v prove_v more_o beneficial_a to_o some_o prince_n border_v upon_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o to_o who_o the_o sea_n be_v open_a for_o passage_n chap._n ccxiii_o weight_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n reduce_v to_o that_o of_o london_n denmark_n weight_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n now_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o kingdom_n they_o be_v find_v to_o differ_v in_o many_o place_n so_o many_o as_o have_v come_v to_o my_o hand_n i_o have_v reduce_v to_o the_o subtle_a hundred_o of_o london_n which_o subtle_a hundred_o be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o these_o city_n of_o traffic_n and_o some_o other_o adjoin_v  _fw-fr l._n aldar_n 87_o copping_n ham_n 92_o cracou_n 119_o dantzick_n 116_o hamburg_n 92_o wild_a 116_o elsinour_n 92_o lubeck_n 92_o melvin_n 120_o revel_v 116_o rhiga_n 116_o stacar_n 108_o stralsont_v 88_o bergen_n norway_n 92_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o general_o in_o copenhagen_n and_o in_o most_o part_n of_o denmark_n they_o hare_n a_o great_a and_o small_a hundred_o one_o of_o 112_o pound_n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o another_o of_o 120_o pound_n to_o the_o hundred_o account_v twelve_o stone_n of_o ten_o pound_n to_o the_o stone_n also_o they_o have_v a_o skip-pound_n 32_o stone_n of_o ten_o pound_n the_o stone_n or_o 20_o lispound_n of_o 16_o mark_v pound_n be_v a_o skip-pound_n and_o 20_o time_n 16_o pound_n be_v 320_o pound_n chap._n ccxiu_o measure_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n reduce_v to_o london_n denmark_n measure_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n as_o i_o have_v do_v with_o their_o weight_n so_o i_o will_v proceed_v with_o their_o measure_n reduce_v then_o to_o the_o hundred_o yard_n english_a and_o make_v in_o  _fw-fr ells._n arsnis_fw-la 166â…”_n breme_n 162½_n breslow_n for_o cloth_n 148_o ditto_n for_o silk_n 160_o connixborough_n 166_o lubeck_n 160_o munster_n 80_o ockermond_n 141½_n revel_v 166_o rhostick_a 158â…“_n wismar_n 157¾_n dantzick_n 162½_n doinin_n 163_o embden_n 163_o gripswould_n 163_o hamburg_n 163_o melvin_n 162_o narva_n 166_o ossenbrigh_n 84_o rhiga_fw-la 166_o statin_a 141½_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v for_o the_o measure_n of_o this_o country_n whereto_o i_o have_v add_v the_o measure_n of_o some_o other_o the_o adjoin_a eminent_a city_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n chap._n ccxv_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o denmark_n denmark_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o denmark_n to_o conclude_v the_o trade_n of_o denmark_n drive_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o great_a their_o country_n partly_o not_o afford_v commodity_n for_o merchandise_n and_o their_o sea_n i_o mean_v principal_o the_o baltic_a not_o be_v for_o many_o month_n in_o the_o year_n navigable_a for_o frost_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v frugal_a in_o food_n and_o apparel_n and_o therefore_o not_o much_o addict_v either_o to_o silk_n or_o spice_n and_o the_o great_a traffic_n and_o concourse_n of_o other_o nation_n through_o the_o sound_n that_o furnish_v they_o with_o all_o necessary_n make_v the_o inhabitant_n less_o desirous_a to_o sail_v abroad_o to_o fetch_v the_o same_o at_o the_o first_o hand_n stockfish_n and_o other_o salt_v fish_n they_o send_v into_o foreign_a country_n and_o so_o also_o they_o do_v their_o ox_n and_o cattle_n in_o great_a quantity_n beside_o the_o commodity_n which_o the_o country_n do_v natural_o afford_v mention_v in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o country_n description_n neither_o have_v i_o hear_v any_o great_a fame_n of_o their_o navigation_n or_o mariner_n which_o principal_o sail_v northward_o and_o little_a to_o the_o southward_n though_o otherwise_o it_o be_v conceive_v that_o next_o to_o the_o english_a their_o vessel_n be_v the_o strong_a build_v to_o endure_v the_o blast_n of_o the_o cold_a climate_n and_o the_o scorching_n of_o the_o warm_a region_n yet_o of_o late_a day_n i_o have_v understand_v they_o have_v undertake_v some_o new_a discovery_n and_o trade_n to_o the_o east-indies_n
which_o they_o have_v since_o full_o perform_v to_o the_o great_a encouragement_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v follow_v they_o chap._n ccxvi_o of_o norway_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o norway_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o norway_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o lappia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o dofrine_n mountain_n on_o the_o other_o part_n with_o the_o sea_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n be_v stockfish_n rich_a fur_n train_n oil_n and_o tackle_n for_o ship_n as_o mast_n cable_n deal-board_n fir_n and_o the_o like_a town_n be_v here_o thin_a and_o the_o house_n therein_o poor_a and_o miserable_a nidrosia_n nidrosia_n the_o chief_a of_o those_o that_o be_v be_v nidrosia_n the_o archbishop_n seat_n of_o norway_n iceland_n and_o groenland_n europe_n bergen_n one_o of_o the_o 4_o ancient_a mart_n of_o europe_n the_o second_o be_v bergen_n one_o of_o the_o four_o ancient_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n the_o other_o three_o be_v london_n in_o england_n novograde_a in_o moscovia_n and_o bruges_n in_o flanders_n and_o all_o these_o but_o london_n be_v decay_v for_o this_o bergen_n have_v yield_v to_o wardhouse_n novograde_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o navigation_n through_o the_o baltic_a into_o the_o northern_a passage_n have_v give_v way_n to_o st._n nicholas_n and_o bruges_n be_v deprive_v of_o her_o traffic_n by_o antwerp_n it_o be_v now_o also_o remove_v to_o amsterdam_n for_o the_o hollander_n by_o block_v up_o the_o haven_n but_o especial_o by_o keep_v of_o bergen_n up_o some_o have_v such_o a_o command_n over_o the_o river_n that_o no_o vessel_n can_v pass_v or_o repass_v without_o their_o licence_n finmarch_n finmarch_n but_o to_o proceed_v finmarch_v also_o appertain_v to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o both_o to_o the_o dane_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v saman_n second_o hielso_n both_o sea-town_n woodhouse_n woodhouse_n but_o the_o principal_n be_v wardhouse_n seat_v in_o the_o very_a northern_a end_n of_o all_o the_o country_n be_v a_o town_n of_o little_a trade_n but_o great_a concourso_n of_o ship_n that_o this_o way_n be_v bind_v for_o moscovia_n which_o must_v needs_o touch_v here_o and_o it_o be_v so_o call_v as_o seat_v in_o a_o little_a island_n call_v ward_n bergen_n weight_n of_o bergen_n in_o bergen_n in_o norway_n the_o common_a weight_n be_v a_o pound_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v here_o 92_o l._n but_o weigh_v with_o a_o sling_n as_o they_o do_v be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o uncertain_a the_o measure_n be_v the_o particular_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n here_o necessary_o to_o be_v handle_v i_o be_o enforce_v to_o omit_v by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n therefore_o entreat_v the_o better_a experience_a to_o supply_v my_o defect_n therein_o chap._n ccxvii_o of_o swethland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o swethland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o swethland_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o moscovia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o dosrine_n hill_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o baltic_a sea_n sweden_n commodity_n of_o sweden_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v lead_v copper_n and_o silver_n draw_v out_o of_o their_o mine_n and_o it_o abound_v also_o with_o hide_n of_o buck_n goat_n and_o ox_n tallow_n tar_n malt_n barley_n rich_a fur_n and_o the_o like_a it_o contain_v five_o province_n lappia_n bodia_n finland_n gothland_n and_o sweden_n of_o all_o which_o a_o word_n lappia_n lappia_n in_o lappia_n i_o find_v not_o any_o city_n of_o note_n be_v cold_a and_o comfortless_a bodia_fw-la bodia_fw-la in_o bodia_n be_v the_o town_n of_o vireis_n and_o helsinga_n finland_n finland_n in_o finland_n be_v many_o strong_a town_n populous_a and_o rich_a albo_n and_o narve_n both_o of_o great_a strength_n also_o those_o two_o strong_a city_n of_o veburg_n and_o ruiallia_n which_o cost_v the_o swebes_n 100000_o crown_n yearly_o the_o keep_n by_o nature_n defend_v his_o own_o and_o offend_v his_o enemy_n territory_n gothland_n gothland_n in_o gothland_n stand_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n stockholm_n seat_v in_o the_o water_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o venice_n and_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o swedish_n king_n next_o lodusia_n a_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n then_o waldburg_n and_o colmar_n two_o impregnable_a city_n sweden_n sweden_n in_o sweden_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o upsal_n a_o bishopric_n nicopea_n a_o sea-town_n of_o good_a strength_n and_o copperdole_v most_o famous_a for_o its_o abundance_n of_o brass_n which_o be_v here_o in_o such_o plenty_n that_o there_o be_v find_v 400_o brass_n piece_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o stockholm_n under_o which_o i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o trade_n of_o sweden_n chap._n ccxviii_o of_o stockholm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o stockholm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o because_o i_o intend_v upon_o the_o general_a trade_n of_o estland_n to_o handle_v some_o particular_a city_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n therefore_o i_o shall_v be_v the_o brief_a upon_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n of_o stockholm_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n stockholm_n then_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o this_o king_n who_o arm_n of_o late_o be_v so_o prevalent_a in_o germany_n be_v account_v famous_a in_o these_o northern_a region_n for_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o traffic_n here_o daily_o practify_v seat_v in_o watery_a marsh_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o venice_n and_o suppose_v to_o be_v build_v upon_o pile_n and_o therefore_o bear_v in_o their_o language_n some_o construction_n thereof_o which_o not_o improper_o may_v bear_v in_o our_o ancient_a english_a the_o same_o sense_n it_o be_v situate_a in_o part_n upon_o the_o lake_n of_o meller_n and_o in_o part_n upon_o the_o east-sea_n out_o of_o which_o the_o great_a trade_n of_o ship_n to_o this_o place_n do_v come_v and_o enter_v by_o a_o deep_a and_o narrow_a channel_n spacious_a and_o commodious_a for_o ship_n of_o the_o great_a burden_n but_o the_o fort_n of_o waxholm_n on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o fort_n of_o digne_fw-fr so_o fit_o seat_v opposite_a to_o the_o same_o in_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o gut_n and_o straight_a command_v the_o whole_a channel_n and_o guard_v the_o lake_n and_o city_n and_o no_o vessel_n be_v suffer_v either_o to_o go_v in_o or_o out_o but_o here_o have_v their_o congé_fw-fr and_o admission_n it_o be_v beside_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a castle_n wherein_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defence_n thereof_o 400_o piece_n of_o brass_n artillery_n and_o for_o the_o beauty_n thereof_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o many_o goodly_a private_a and_o public_a building_n the_o king_n palace_n be_v more_o renown_v for_o its_o antiquity_n than_o the_o stately_a structure_n thereof_o stockholm_n commodity_n of_o stockholm_n the_o commodity_n for_o transportation_n find_v in_o this_o city_n be_v principal_o iron_n steel_n copper_n wire_n all_o sort_n of_o grain_n lead_v and_o other_o mineral_n also_o honey_n wax_n tallow_n hide_v bring_v from_o moscow_n and_o the_o like_a which_o be_v hence_o disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o these_o northern_a climate_n swethland_n coin_n current_a in_o swethland_n the_o money_n general_o current_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n be_v the_o dollar_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o mark_n and_o 8_o mark_n make_v a_o dollar_n and_o this_o mark_n be_v divide_v into_o clipping_n so_o that_o two_o clippings_fw-mi make_v a_o mark_n and_o a_o clip_v be_v account_v for_o 9½_n stivers_n flemish_n and_o by_o this_o dollar_n they_o exchange_v with_o other_o neighbour_a country_n and_o it_o be_v value_v in_o sterling_a money_n at_o stockholm_n weight_n of_o stockholm_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n here_o be_v the_o pound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n have_v produce_v here_o 116_o l._n they_o have_v here_o also_o two_o ship-pound_n one_o proper_a to_o this_o place_n which_o be_v 320_o l._n of_o this_o weight_n and_o the_o other_o be_v 340_o l._n the_o proper_a ship-pound_n of_o dantzick_n be_v 34_o stone_n as_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o dantzick_n appear_v and_o this_o quintar_n or_o pound_n be_v find_v to_o agree_v with_o narva_n riga_n revel_v danizeck_n and_o some_o town_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n stockholm_n measure_n of_o stockholm_n the_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n here_o use_v be_v the_o ell_n and_o be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o sweden_n except_o some_o principal_a town_n of_o this_o tract_n hereafter_o note_v and_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n do_v produce_v 1â—â—½_n ell_n but_o note_n that_o in_o barrow_n in_o sweden_n this_o ell_n be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o uncertain_a for_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n head_n be_v measure_v about_o with_o a_o rope_n and_o this_o they_o account_v for_o a_o ell_n so_o that_o here_o a_o great_a head_n
may_v be_v some_o benefit_n to_o a_o merchant_n for_o by_o this_o rule_n the_o great_a loggerhead_n shall_v have_v consequent_o the_o large_a measure_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v a_o loop_n 23_o loop_n make_v a_o last_o in_o amsterdam_n or_o 10_o quarter_n in_o london_n chap._n ccxix_o of_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o moscovia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o tartary_n on_o the_o west_n with_o livonia_n lituania_n and_o part_n of_o sweden_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o turk_n and_o palus_n mâ—…otis_n moscovia_n commodity_n of_o moscovia_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n fur_n of_o many_o sort_n flax_n hemp_n whales-grease_n honey_n wax_n canvas_n rope_n cable_n caviar_n astrican_a hide_n tallow_n raw-hides_a and_o bulgars_a moscovia_n famous_a river_n of_o moscovia_n the_o many_o river_n that_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o this_o country_n do_v much_o further_a trade_n in_o general_a fâ—st_n tanais_n which_o disburthen_v itself_o into_o palus_n moeotis_n second_o dunia_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o scythian_a sea_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n where_o our_o english_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o northern_a passage_n use_v to_o land_n and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o all_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n three_o boristhenes_n that_o enter_v into_o pontus_n euxinus_n four_o onega_n which_o open_v itself_o into_o the_o balâ—…k_n sea_n and_o last_o volga_n which_o with_o no_o less_o than_o 70_o mouth_n disgorge_v itself_o into_o the_o caspian_a this_o empire_n be_v divide_v into_o nine_o principal_a province_n which_o together_o with_o the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o i_o shall_v only_o touch_v novograde_a novograde_a novogradia_n be_v first_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v novograde_a seat_v on_o the_o dunia_n and_o once_o one_o of_o the_o four_o ancient_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n now_o of_o late_a decay_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o new_a passage_n unto_o the_o town_n of_o st._n nicholas_n by_o the_o river_n obye._n plescovia_n plescovia_n plescovia_n be_v the_o second_o wherein_o be_v the_o city_n plescove_n the_o only_o wall_a city_n in_o moscovia_n and_o yet_o of_o no_o great_a eminence_n veladomira_n veladomira_n valadomira_n be_v the_o next_o have_v also_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n rhesen_n rhesen_n rhesen_fw-mi be_v the_o four_o wonderful_a plenty_n in_o corn_n that_o neither_o can_v bird_n fly_v nor_o horse_n run_v through_o it_o for_o thickness_n the_o chief_a town_n rhesen_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o russia_n it_o be_v the_o first_o part_n of_o moscovia_n abound_v in_o grain_n honey_n fish_n and_o fowl_n without_o number_n servia_n servia_n servia_n be_v the_o five_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v staradab_n and_o pativola_n permia_n permia_n permia_n be_v the_o six_o the_o chief_a city_n â—s_v sickwiardley_n abound_v in_o stag_n candora_n candora_n candora_n be_v the_o seven_o petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-mi be_v the_o eight_o in_o both_o these_o country_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v live_v under_o ground_n and_o have_v for_o half_a the_o year_n together_o perpetual_a day_n and_o the_o other_o half_a perpetual_a night_n as_o situate_v beyond_o the_o arctic_a moscovia_n moscovia_n moscovia_n be_v the_o nine_o moscow_n moscow_n and_o so_o name_v of_o the_o principal_a city_n moscow_n be_v about_o five_o mile_n round_o have_v therein_o 16_o church_n of_o which_o the_o one_o half_a be_v make_v of_o wood_n and_o dirt_n as_o most_o of_o the_o house_n be_v the_o emperor_n palace_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o be_v fortify_v with_o 3_o bulwark_n and_o 17_o turret_n continual_o guard_v with_o 25000_o soldier_n this_o be_v the_o most_o populous_a province_n of_o all_o this_o great_a empire_n for_o it_o extend_v 2000_o mile_n in_o length_n smalensko_n smalensko_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o petty_a province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o smalensko_n than_o toropier_n next_o colopigrod_n landiskron_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n which_o i_o willing_o omit_v till_o my_o observation_n be_v better_a the_o trade_n of_o the_o english_a be_v begin_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o england_n and_o basiliades_n king_n of_o this_o country_n about_o the_o year_n 1575._o and_o within_o 10_o year_n after_o it_o be_v perfect_o settle_v and_o because_o the_o trade_n of_o moscovia_n be_v confine_v to_o a_o small_a circuit_n in_o these_o vast_a dominion_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o comprehend_v the_o same_o under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n moscow_n chap._n ccxx_o of_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mosco_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o this_o large_a kingdom_n to_o which_o the_o emperor_n some_o year_n pass_v repair_v most_o fit_a for_o the_o government_n of_o so_o large_a a_o empire_n as_o account_v the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o dominion_n it_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n mosca_n run_v into_o tanais_n where_o it_o lose_v its_o name_n and_o pass_v assaw_n disgorge_v into_o the_o palus_n meotis_n and_o so_o into_o the_o euxinus_n about_o fifty_o year_n past_o it_o be_v esteem_v ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o in_o its_o height_n of_o greatness_n then_o burn_v by_o the_o tartar_n wherein_o 80000_o person_n be_v consume_v and_o since_o reduce_v to_o five_o mile_n compass_n beautify_v with_o 16_o church_n some_o of_o stone_n some_o of_o timber_n and_o earth_n and_o with_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n situate_a in_o the_o very_a heart_n thereof_o enrich_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o two_o river_n for_o use_n and_o ornament_n which_o water_n two_o strong_a fort_n that_o defend_v the_o place_n nicholas_n st._n nicholas_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n the_o patron_n of_o this_o country_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o dunia_n or_o obby_n the_o english_a merchant_n use_v to_o land_n and_o thence_o disperse_v themselves_o to_o smalensko_n novograde_a hither_o and_o into_o all_o other_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n among_o who_o they_o find_v kind_a entertainment_n and_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n have_v large_a immunity_n grant_v unto_o they_o than_o to_o any_o other_o nation_n their_o traffic_v attribute_v to_o the_o never_o die_a fame_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o who_o day_n the_o trade_n be_v here_o first_o settle_v and_o to_o the_o plausible_a behaviour_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n in_o general_n moscovia_n account_n in_o moscovia_n the_o merchant_n here_o be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o several_a manner_n some_o as_o the_o english_a by_o rubble_n and_o penny_n or_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n term_v they_o muskofkin_n 200_o whereof_o make_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v account_v two_o rix_n dollar_n some_o again_o as_o the_o dutch_a and_o other_o nation_n by_o rubble_n grevens_n and_o muskofkin_n or_o penny_n account_v 20_o penny_n to_o a_o greven_n and_o 10_o greven_n to_o a_o rubble_n which_o be_v most_o in_o use_n here_o this_o rubble_n be_v find_v a_o imaginary_a coin_n and_o not_o real_a moscovia_n coin_n current_a in_o moscovia_n the_o current_a money_n here_o be_v a_o capeck_n in_o value_n a_o stiver_n flemish_n and_o somewhat_o more_o than_o as_o english_a penny_n for_o 10_o capeck_n be_v a_o greven_n which_o the_o english_a call_v 12_o penny_n sterling_a because_o that_o 10_o grevens_n be_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v 10_o shilling_n sterling_a three_o capeck_n they_o call_v a_o altine_n by_o which_o name_n all_o receipt_n and_o payment_n be_v make_v in_o bargain_v and_o contract_n 33_o altius_fw-la and_o 1_o capeck_n make_v a_o rubble_n archangel_n exchange_n of_o archangel_n at_o archangel_n be_v sound_v practise_v among_o the_o merchant_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n rise_v and_o fall_v according_a as_o the_o russ_n money_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v plentiful_a or_o scarce_o the_o english_a sometime_o among_o themselves_o give_v 11_o shilling_n and_o 11_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a in_o england_n for_o the_o rubble_n here_o and_o the_o money_n common_o take_v there_o in_o august_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o london_n the_o last_o of_o december_n follow_v moscovia_n weight_n of_o moscovia_n the_o weight_n of_o moscovia_n common_a in_o use_n be_v the_o pood_n for_o fine_a good_n and_o the_o bercovet_n for_o gross_a good_n the_o one_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o pood_n be_v weigh_v silk_n bever-wooll_n yeft_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v account_v for_o 40_o l._n russ_n weight_n and_o 3_o pood_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v 112_o l._n english_a which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v make_v 37â…“_n l._n averdupois_n and_o all_o good_n there_o buy_v by_o the_o pood_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n loss_n in_o england_n by_o the_o bercovet_n be_v weigh_v
tallow_n hemp_n cable_n yarn_n coil_n or_o lard-rope_n and_o all_o gross_a commodity_n and_o be_v a_o russ_n ship_n pound_n 10_o pood_n make_v a_o bercovet_n which_o make_v 300_o l._n subtle_a averdupois_n so_o that_o all_o good_n be_v buy_v there_o by_o the_o bercovet_n or_o ship_n pound_n be_v hell_n 10_o per_fw-la cent_n profit_n for_o common_o the_o english_a merchant_n reckon_v the_o over-weight_n to_o pay_v the_o freight_n of_o some_o good_n so_o buy_v moscovia_n measure_n of_o moscovia_n the_o measure_n in_o length_n here_o general_o use_v be_v call_v a_o archin_v be_v a_o brabant_n ell_n and_o ½_n a_o nail_n or_o something_o more_o than_o ¼_n of_o a_o english_a yard_n reckon_v by_o the_o english_a merchant_n there_o resident_a two_o per_fw-la cent_n more_o and_o may_v be_v incirca_fw-la 28_o inch_n so_o that_o the_o 100_o archin_n may_v produce_v in_o london_n 77_o in_o 78_o yard_n and_o the_o 100_o yard_n be_v here_o 128½_n archin_n or_o thereabouts_o moscovia_n commodity_n of_o moscovia_n the_o native_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n in_o general_n i_o have_v already_o nominate_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o i_o shall_v particular_o view_v they_o and_o the_o ordinary_a rate_n they_o carry_v in_o price_n together_o with_o the_o mark_n whereby_o their_o goodness_n and_o quality_n be_v discern_v sable_n sable_n their_o most_o precious_a commodity_n and_o merchandise_n hence_o export_v by_o foreign_a nation_n be_v their_o rich_a fur_n the_o principal_n be_v the_o sable_n buy_v common_o by_o the_o timber_n which_o contain_v 40_o skin_n which_o must_v be_v large_a and_o well-coloured_a and_o be_v find_v of_o all_o price_n as_o in_o goodness_n from_o 15_o to_o 200_o rubble_n the_o timber_n fox_n black_a fox_n black_a fox-skin_n be_v know_v among_o all_o northern_a merchant_n for_o the_o rich_a fur_n in_o the_o world_n and_o be_v here_o find_v in_o great_a store_n bear_v a_o price_n as_o in_o largeness_n and_o growth_n from_o 5_o to_o 200_o rubble_n apiece_o otter_n otter_n oter-skin_n be_v here_o find_v plenty_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o river_n of_o this_o country_n account_v the_o region_n of_o spring_n and_o stream_n sell_v by_o the_o timber_n of_o 40_o skin_n from_o 5_o to_o 40_o rubble_n the_o timber_n minikin_n minikin_n minikin_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o timber_n of_o 40_o skin_n and_o common_o sell_v about_o 6_o rubble_n the_o timber_n martin_n martin_n martin_n be_v also_o sell_v by_o the_o timber_n of_o 40_o skin_n about_o 15_o rubble_n per_fw-la timber_n rise_v as_o find_v in_o richness_n of_o hair_n ermine_n ermine_n ermine_n sell_v also_o by_o the_o timber_n of_o 40_o skin_n about_o 2_o rubble_n per_fw-la timber_n squirrel_n squirrel_n grawert_n or_o squirrel_n sell_v by_o the_o thousand_o as_o in_o goodness_n from_o 14_o to_o 30_o rubble_n the_o thousand_o dun_a fox_n red_a and_o white_a and_o dun_a red_a fox_n by_o the_o 10_o skin_n at_o 10_o or_o 15_o noble_n the_o 10_o skin_n white_a fox_n by_o the_o piece_n about_o 5_o altin_n the_o piece_n dun_a fox_n by_o the_o piece_n about_o 40_o altin_n the_o piece_n sable_a rand_n sell_v by_o the_o pair_n from_o 2_o to_o 6_o rubble_n the_o pair_n bever_n bever_n bever-wooll_n be_v a_o staple_n commodity_n also_o of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o sell_v by_o the_o pound_n about_o 2½_n rubbles_n per_fw-la pound_n bever_n womb_n also_o by_o the_o pound_n be_v a_o thin_a skin_n and_o well_o grow_v be_v common_o worth_a 1½_n rubble_n per_fw-la pound_n these_o be_v the_o ordinary_a fur_n which_o their_o northern_a climate_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n the_o next_o find_v be_v these_o wax_v bee_n wax_v yellow_a wax_n be_v here_o find_v make_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o bee_n and_o hand_n of_o man_n in_o great_a abundance_n sell_v by_o the_o pood_n which_o be_v 40_o l._n here_o the_o hard_a and_o best_a colour_a bear_n price_n here_o common_o about_o 4_o in_o 5_o rubble_n the_o pood_n tallow_n tallow_n tallow_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o berquet_n which_o be_v 10_o pood_n be_v clean_o white_a and_o hard_a about_o 7_o in_o 8_o rubble_n the_o berquet_n tar._n tar._n tar_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o hogshead_n be_v thick_a as_o the_o best_a be_v common_o worth_a per_fw-la hogshead_n of_o gallon_n english_a oil_n train_z oil_n train_z oil_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o barrel_n which_o be_v half_a a_o hogshead_n and_o discern_v by_o its_o clearness_n without_o ground_n and_o of_o a_o whitish_a colour_n about_o 4_o rubble_n per_fw-la barrel_n of_o gallon_n english_a hemp._n hemp._n hemp_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o berquet_n of_o 10_o pood_n be_v clean_a and_o green_a bear_v price_n common_o from_o 3_o to_o 5_o rubble_n the_o 10_o pood_n flax._fw-la flax._fw-la flax_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o bercovet_n the_o bright_a silver-colour_n be_v hold_v the_o best_a common_o about_o 7_o rubble_n the_o bercovet_n yarn_n cable_n yarn_n cable_n yarn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o bercovet_n and_o be_v well_o spin_v round_o and_o not_o too_o much_o twist_v from_o 67½_n rubble_n the_o bercovet_n coyl_v coyl_v coyl_v or_o tard_fw-fr rope_n by_o the_o bercovet_n about_o 7_o rubble_n the_o bercovet_n where_o note_n that_o the_o english_a and_o other_o nation_n hither_o trade_v buy_v here_o great_a quantity_n of_o hemp_n and_o spin_v it_o out_o here_o into_o yarn_n to_o save_v the_o charge_n of_o freight_v every_o 1000_o pood_n do_v cost_v about_o 100_o or_o 110_o rubble_n charge_n and_o if_o the_o hemp_n prove_v good_a there_o be_v find_v near_o ¼_n loss_n if_o bad_a so_o much_o more_o and_o worth_a be_v in_o cable_n yarn_n as_o i_o say_v above_o from_z 6_o to_o 7½_n rubble_n the_o bercovet_n cow-hides_a cow-hides_a dry_a cow-hides_a be_v large_a and_o weighty_a be_v sell_v by_o the_o 100_o hide_v worth_a from_o 40_o to_o 44_o rubble_n the_o 100_o evit_n evit_n red_a evit_n by_o the_o pair_n at_o 2½_n rubbles_n per_fw-la pair_n and_o sometime_o sell_v by_o the_o pood_n at_o 40_o rubble_n per_fw-la pood_n and_o note_v that_o the_o white_a be_v common_o worst_a esteem_v by_o ⅕_n in_o price_n losh-hides_a losh-hides_a losh-hides_a be_v sell_v by_o the_o piece_n the_o large_a and_o not_o worm-eaten_a be_v the_o best_a from_o 6_o greven_n to_o 5_o rubble_n the_o piece_n as_o in_o goodness_n feather_n feather_n duck-feather_n sell_v by_o the_o pood_n as_o in_o goodness_n from_o 3_o to_o 5_o rubble_n the_o pood_n caviar_n caviar_n caviar_n be_v also_o a_o principal_a commodity_n here_o sell_v by_o the_o pood_n and_o common_o worth_a 40_o altines_n the_o pood_n linens_n linens_n coarse_a linen_n be_v make_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n sell_v by_o the_o 1000_o archin_n of_o ½_n yard_n and_o ¾_n the_o broad_a from_o 15_o to_o 20_o rubble_n the_o 1000_o archin_n as_o find_v in_o fineness_n some_o other_o commodity_n this_o country_n afford_v which_o i_o omit_v as_o of_o no_o great_a consequence_n chap._n ccxxi_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o moscovia_n moscovia_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o moscovia_n the_o excellent_a commodity_n of_o the_o great_a river_n that_o in_o all_o place_n of_o this_o large_a empire_n be_v find_v to_o water_n and_o enrich_v this_o country_n shall_v much_o incite_v this_o nation_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n but_o it_o be_v often_o find_v that_o where_o nature_n be_v most_o liberal_a in_o her_o furtherance_n the_o inhabitant_n prove_v most_o backward_o in_o their_o endeavour_n the_o natural_a coldness_n of_o the_o climate_n enclose_v the_o people_n into_o their_o warm_a stove_n and_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o in_o some_o respect_n resemble_v dog_n neither_o suffer_v the_o moscovite_n to_o traffic_v nor_o yet_o traffic_v themselves_o by_o their_o continual_a harry_v of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o often_o incursion_n and_o war_n of_o the_o swede_n may_v in_o some_o sort_n serve_v they_o for_o a_o reasonable_a excuse_n yet_o it_o be_v sound_a that_o these_o war_n prove_v main_a help_n sometime_o to_o their_o traffic_n especial_o in_o fur_n for_o their_o body_n thereby_o enure_v to_o cold_a and_o hardness_n make_v the_o pastime_n of_o hunt_v a_o profitable_a exercise_n in_o the_o worst_a season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o rest_n of_o their_o merchandise_n come_v to_o they_o very_o near_o in_o the_o same_o kind_n for_o it_o whole_o depend_v upon_o manufacture_n and_o labour_n for_o cordage_n linens_n and_o yarn_n they_o have_v from_o the_o earth_n as_o their_o hide_n tallow_n and_o wax_n upon_o the_o same_o the_o caviar_n and_o train_n oil_n and_o some_o other_o such_o by_o fish_v so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v they_o be_v more_o addict_v to_o husbandry_n and_o fish_v than_o to_o merchandise_v the_o english_a about_o the_o year_n 1575._o first_o discover_v the_o trade_n and_o find_v here_o good_a entertainment_n and_o great_a privilege_n from_o the_o then_o reign_v prince_n and_o the_o first_o
competent_a amends_o and_o their_o merchandise_n be_v altogether_o gross_a can_v give_v they_o therefore_o the_o attribute_n of_o eminent_a merchant_n chap._n ccxxxiv_o of_o hungary_n and_o the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o thereof_o hungary_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o hungary_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o transilvania_n and_o valachia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o austria_n on_o the_o north_n with_o poland_n on_o the_o south_n with_o sclavonia_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n now_o stand_v divide_v between_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o the_o hungarian_n buda_n buda_n the_o great_a turk_n enjoy_v buda_n seat_v on_o danubius_n once_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o court_n of_o the_o king_n also_o guilia_n pest_n alba_n regalis_fw-la call_v by_o they_o wesenberg_n next_o quinque_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la rab_n and_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n in_o the_o hungarian_n possession_n be_v these_o principal_a city_n presberg_n presberg_n presberg_n the_o present_a metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n 2._o strigonium_n 3._o agraria_fw-it 4._o comara_n in_o a_o island_n of_o that_o name_n 5._o tertax_n 6._o cimista_n 7._o segith_o before_o which_o solyman_n the_o great_a turk_n end_v his_o day_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a consequence_n hungary_n commodity_n of_o hungary_n this_o country_n do_v much_o abound_v in_o cattle_n sufficient_a to_o feed_v all_o germany_n the_o store_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o yearly_o sell_v to_o their_o neighbour_n 80_o or_o 100_o thousand_o ox_n they_o have_v also_o some_o copper_n and_o tin_n some_o quantity_n of_o corn_n honey_n wax_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n and_o from_o hence_o to_o constantinople_n i_o have_v see_v hide_v butter_n and_o cheese_n that_o in_o great_a abundance_n have_v come_v out_o of_o these_o part_n through_o the_o black-sea_n further_a matter_n of_o trade_n have_v not_o remarkable_o fall_v into_o my_o hand_n therefore_o for_o the_o current_a coin_n of_o this_o country_n with_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n in_o use_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v and_o hence_o travel_v to_o dacia_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o province_n comprehend_v within_o that_o circuit_n chap._n ccxxxv_o of_o dacia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o dacia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o dacia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o euxine_a on_o the_o west_n with_o hungary_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n on_o the_o south_n with_o hemus_n divide_v it_o from_o greece_n the_o river_n that_o enrich_v this_o country_n be_v danubius_n 2_o alata_n 3._o salvata_fw-la 4._o cockle_n 5._o morâ—…_n and_o some_o other_o dacia_n commodity_n of_o dacia_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v butter_n cheese_n honey_n wax_n hides_n ox_n tallow_n and_o warlike_a horse_n of_o great_a worth_n the_o province_n be_v these_o and_o be_v all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n 1_o transilvania_n 1_o transilvania_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o be_v 1_o wisenberg_n 2._o clasenberg_n 3._o bristitia_fw-la 4._o fogarâ—…_n and_o other_o and_o now_o in_o possession_n of_o bethlem_n gabar_n the_o vaivode_n thereof_o 2._o moldavia_n 2._o moldavia_n be_v the_o next_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v saccania_n the_o second_o be_v false_v 3._o kilim_n 4._o chermon_n etc._n etc._n under_o a_o vavoide_v who_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o great_a turk_n 3._o valachia_n 3._o valachia_n be_v the_o three_o province_n the_o principal_a town_n whereof_o be_v 1._o salnium_fw-la 2._o pracklab_n 3._o tergovista_n the_o vavoide_n seat_n who_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n this_o country_n abound_v in_o mine_n of_o gold_n silver_n salt-pit_n wine_n cattle_n and_o brimstone_n and_o esteem_v the_o rich_a of_o these_o province_n 4._o servia_n 4._o servia_n be_v the_o four_o and_o have_v these_o city_n 1._o stoneburg_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o despot_n tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n 2._o samandria_n 3._o belgrade_n a_o famous_a town_n which_o cost_v the_o great_a turk_n much_o blood_n and_o money_n the_o get_n and_o be_v account_v before_o the_o bulwark_n of_o christendom_n on_o this_o side_n 5._o rasia_n 5._o rasia_n be_v the_o five_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v bodin_n a_o famous_a mart._n bulgaria_n bulgaria_n bulgaria_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v sophia_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o beglerbeg_n of_o greece_n who_o have_v under_o he_o 21_o sansack_v next_o be_v nicopolis_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n bosna_n bosna_n bosna_n be_v the_o last_o province_n wherein_o be_v casachium_fw-la and_o jasiga_n the_o residence_n of_o their_o former_a despot_n all_o which_o afford_v not_o further_o matter_n of_o trade_n for_o where_o the_o great_a turk_n once_o command_v traffic_n be_v account_v very_o rare_a and_o be_v seldom_o find_v of_o import_n and_o be_v ignorant_a in_o that_o little_a there_o be_v i_o be_o constrain_v to_o omit_v it_o chap._n ccxxxvi_o of_o sclavonia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o sclavionia_n sclavionia_n sclavonia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n the_o river_n of_o drinus_fw-la and_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o italy_n on_o the_o north_n hungary_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o adriatic_a sea_n commodity_n commodity_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v horse_n for_o service_n cattle_n oxon_n hides_n tallow_n butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o have_v some_o mine_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n now_o in_o the_o great_a turk_n possession_n the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o note_n in_o sclavonia_n be_v these_o illyria_n illyria_n illyria_n now_o by_o the_o turk_n call_v windismark_n have_v in_o it_o zatha_fw-mi seat_v upon_o danâ—…_n 2_o zackaoes_n 3._o windisgreet_n and_o other_o dalmatia_n dalmatia_n dalmatia_n be_v the_o second_o province_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v ragusa_n situate_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n former_o a_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o riches_n and_o now_o tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n next_o be_v sciâ—…_n 3._o zara_n both_o seat_v on_o the_o seashore_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o venetian_n 4._o spalatta_n a_o sea-town_n from_o whence_o to_o venice_n that_o state_n keep_v many_o galley_n for_o transportation_n of_o merchant_n good_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o unreasonable_a freight_v by_o they_o take_v they_o stand_v to_o the_o hazard_n and_o adventure_n thereof_o which_o they_o do_v to_o their_o cost_n in_o anno_fw-la 1619._o myself_o be_v in_o nail_n when_o as_o the_o duke_n d'_fw-fr ossuna_n then_o vice-king_n take_v two_o of_o these_o their_o galley_n gross_v lade_v with_o a_o rich_a booty_n as_o be_v report_v to_o the_o import_n of_o 300000_o crown_n which_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n be_v enforce_v to_o make_v good_a principal_o to_o merchant_n turk_n of_o constantinople_n to_o who_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o do_v at_o that_o time_n appertain_v and_o who_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o be_v the_o great_a trader_n this_o way_n the_o next_o town_n be_v scodra_n famous_a for_o the_o resistance_n it_o make_v against_o the_o turk_n and_o last_o lissa_n famous_a here_o for_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o scanderbag_n who_o bone_n be_v dig_v up_o and_o wear_v by_o the_o turk_n at_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n as_o conceive_v they_o to_o be_v of_o excellent_a virtue_n to_o make_v they_o partake_v of_o his_o good_a fortune_n this_o province_n be_v now_o divide_v between_o the_o venetian_n and_o the_o turk_n croatia_n croatia_n croatia_n be_v the_o next_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v cardisca_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n savus_n 2._o brumon_n 3._o nivograde_a 4._o sisgith_o and_o last_o petrovia_n this_o country_n be_v now_o subject_a in_o part_n to_o the_o venetian_n and_o in_o part_n to_o the_o austrian_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o most_o principal_a of_o this_o in_o brief_a and_o first_o of_o ragusa_n and_o spallatta_n chap._n ccxxxvii_o of_o rhagusa_n and_o spallatta_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o trade_n of_o sclavonia_n be_v at_o this_o day_n but_o of_o small_a account_n and_o little_a to_o our_o mation_n the_o two_o city_n of_o spalatta_n and_o rhagusa_n seat_v therein_o merit_v the_o principal_a consideration_n thereof_o rhagusa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o rhagusa_n then_o former_o call_v epidaurus_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n a_o commonwealth_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o riches_n be_v in_o time_n pass_v of_o far_o great_a fame_n and_o name_n both_o in_o trade_n and_o navigation_n than_o now_o it_o be_v for_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o original_a of_o those_o great_a ship_n here_o build_v and_o in_o old_a time_n famous_a as_o then_o vulgar_o call_v argosy_n proper_o rhaguse_n proper_o rhaguse_n rhaguse_n the_o last_o which_o they_o be_v note_v to_o have_v they_o lend_v philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o 1588._o to_o invade_v england_n and_o have_v her_o burial_n in_o our_o british_a sea_n and_o may_v
all_o other_o so_o thrive_v that_o envy_n the_o prosperity_n of_o england_n since_o which_o i_o hear_v not_o of_o any_o they_o have_v of_o any_o consequence_n they_o now_o pay_v 12000_o ducat_n yearly_a to_o the_o turk_n for_o tribute_n of_o that_o trade_n and_o liberty_n they_o now_o enjoy_v which_o notwithstanding_o be_v of_o no_o great_a consequence_n the_o country_n afford_v not_o any_o commodity_n of_o moment_n for_o our_o nation_n and_o we_o only_o send_v thither_o some_o blue_a hampshire_n kersey_n some_o lead_n tin_n and_o little_a else_o rhagusa_n money_n current_n in_o rhagusa_n the_o money_n thereof_o be_v such_o as_o pass_v current_n through_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o turkey_n their_o neighbour_n and_o their_o own_o be_v in_o correspondence_n therewith_o and_o account_v by_o gross_v gross_v 6_o be_v a_o livre_fw-fr gross_v 59_o be_v a_o hunger_n gross_v 38_o be_v a_o rial_n â…œ_n gross_v 1_o be_v 2_o gassets_n a_o gasset_n  _fw-fr be_v 2_o saldes_n gross_v 62_o be_v a_o venice_n chicquin_n gross_v 40_o be_v a_o naples_n ducat_n gross_v 59_o be_v also_o a_o sultain_n account_v in_o england_n for_o 8_o s._n sterl_n rhagusa_n weight_n of_o rhagusa_n the_o weight_n be_v a_o pound_n of_o â„¥_o and_o 100_o l._n be_v the_o quintal_n the_o 100_o l._n be_v english_a 80_o l._n and_o be_v venice_n subtle_a 120_o l._n and_o be_v venice_n gross_a 76_o l._n 1_o l._n rhagusa_n be_v 9_o â„¥_o gross_a ven._n 1_o l._n rhagusa_n be_v 14_o â„¥_o sac_n 2â…”_n subtle_a rhagusa_n measure_n of_o rhagusa_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o brace_n of_o venice_n thus_o the_o 100_o cloth_n brace_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 124_o and_o of_o silk_n 116_o brace_n and_o be_v in_o england_n inch_n spallatta_n spallatta_n note_v that_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o spallatta_n do_v whole_o agree_v with_o those_o in_o venetia_n therefore_o i_o need_v not_o to_o say_v further_o thereof_o in_o this_o place_n and_o by_o the_o way_n note_n that_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o rhagusa_n i_o find_v this_o observation_n make_v the_o 100_o rot._n of_o alexandria_n zero_fw-la be_v in_o rhagusa_n 260_o l._n the_o 100_o l._n forfori_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 116_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n laidin_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 165_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o damietta_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 120_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o roma_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 666_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o baruti_fw-la be_v in_o rhagusa_n 625_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n damascus_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 600_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o tripoli_n in_o soria_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 500_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o aleppo_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 600_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o rhodes_n and_o gasa_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 666â…”_n l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o cyprus_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 625_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o bursie_n in_o anatolia_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 146_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o constantinople_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 146_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o rhagusa_n do_v make_v as_o follow_v in_o puglia_n 39_o rot._n puglia_n 110_o l._n roma_fw-it 101_o  _fw-fr florence_n 105_o  _fw-fr perosa_fw-la 95_o  _fw-fr sienna_n 108_o  _fw-fr acquilla_n 107_o  _fw-fr lansano_n 166_o  _fw-fr urbino_n 106_o  _fw-fr crema_fw-la 111_o  _fw-fr piedmont_n 101_o  _fw-fr forli_n 111_o  _fw-fr faensa_fw-la 110_o  _fw-fr cesena_n 106_o  _fw-fr ricanati_n 107_o  _fw-fr camerino_n 108_o  _fw-fr bologna_n 110_o  _fw-fr lucca_n 106_o  _fw-fr millana_n 111_o  _fw-fr verona_n 108_o  _fw-fr bressia_n 111_o  _fw-fr ferrara_n 106_o  _fw-fr modena_n 109_o  _fw-fr genova_n 114_o  _fw-fr fanno_n 106_o  _fw-fr further_n matter_n worthy_a mention_v that_o concern_v either_o the_o weight_n measure_n or_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o have_v not_o observe_v therefore_o i_o pass_v it_o over_o and_o hence_o take_v my_o journey_n to_o greciâ—_n the_o next_o place_n which_o challenge_v my_o survey_n chap._n ccxxxviii_o of_o greece_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o greece_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o greece_n account_v the_o mother_n of_o art_n and_o science_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o egean_a sea_n the_o hellespont_n propontis_n and_o thracian_a bosphorus_n on_o the_o west_n with_o italy_n and_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o mountain_n hemus_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o joniâ—…_n sea_n and_o be_v now_o entire_o subject_a to_o the_o grand_a signior_n commodity_n commodity_n the_o general_a commodity_n find_v here_o and_o transport_v hence_o be_v wine_n oil_n copper_n vitriol_n brimstone_n silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v as_o into_o velvet_n damask_n grogram_n of_o goatshair_n or_o wool_n cute_v anniseed_n cominseed_n currant_n soap_n carpet_n cotton_n etc._n etc._n greece_n river_n in_o greece_n the_o chief_a river_n navigable_a be_v cepheus_n rise_v in_o epirus_n and_o set_v in_o the_o egean_a sea_n erigâ—…_n and_o alicmon_n rise_v both_o in_o maccdonia_n and_o issue_v in_o thermasius_n sinus_fw-la then_o sirmon_n in_o migdâ—…_n alicus_fw-la and_o nissus_fw-la in_o thracia_n and_o some_o other_o morea_n peloponnesus_n or_o morea_n the_o principal_a province_n be_v seven_o and_o the_o city_n therein_o be_v as_o follow_v peloponnesâ—_n be_v the_o first_o divide_v itself_o into_o six_o lesser_a part_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o eliz_n olympia_n now_o ruin_v though_o once_o famous_a then_o the_o city_n of_o corona_n and_o modena_n the_o now_o flourish_a town_n of_o this_o province_n here_o be_v also_o in_o time_n past_o thebes_n lacedaemon_n sparta_n argos_n nâ—…s_n corinth_n now_o a_o little_a village_n call_v crato_n all_o now_o go_v and_o ruin_v and_o here_o be_v now_o of_o note_n in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n in_o this_o circuit_n find_v only_o modena_n corona_n before_o name_v and_o petrâ—…_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a consequence_n whereto_o merchant_n do_v frequent_a for_o traffic_n sake_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o a_o word_n chap._n ccxxxix_o of_o modena_n corona_n and_o petras_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o modena_n corona_n and_o petras_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o these_o three_o city_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o same_o shore_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o same_o custom_n and_o find_v abound_v in_o corn_n wines_n and_o curran_n gall_n anniseed_n silk_n and_o such_o like_a which_o i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o put_v into_o one_o member_n to_o abbreviate_v my_o task_n petras_n petras_n in_o petras_n there_o have_v be_v of_o many_o year_n a_o trade_n maintain_v by_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o english_a who_o here_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n have_v a_o protect_a consul_n resident_a who_o have_v the_o title_n of_o the_o consul_n of_o the_o morea_n exchange_n exchange_n and_o here_o be_v vend_v from_o england_n some_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n serges_n tin_n lead_v etc._n etc._n in_o exchange_v whereof_o they_o transport_v hence_o these_o commodity_n afore-named_n corn_n and_o oil_n be_v by_o their_o law_n prohibit_v transportation_n but_o by_o the_o connivance_n of_o officer_n find_v permit_v notwithstanding_o morea_n money_n of_o morea_n the_o money_n of_o these_o place_n be_v current_n with_o those_o of_o turkey_n and_o those_o of_o venetia_n as_o possessor_n and_o borderer_n which_o they_o account_v by_o the_o turkish_a coin_n as_o in_o dollar_n and_o asper_n asper_n 80_o account_v to_o a_o dollar_n or_o rot._n â…œ_n which_o be_v the_o best_a commodity_n asper_n 120_o account_v to_o a_o sultany_n hungary_n or_o checquin_n which_o coin_n be_v find_v to_o rise_v oftentimes_o 10_o 20_o or_o 30_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o asper_n as_o the_o occasion_n of_o trade_n or_o misgovernment_n too_o oftentimes_o do_v permit_v morea_n weight_n of_o morea_n the_o weight_n of_o petras_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n ordinary_o make_v 11_o dram_fw-la to_o a_o ounce_n 3_o l._n make_v their_o oak_n which_o be_v 4_o l._n 2_o ounce_n english_a or_o 400_o dram_fw-la here_n 132_o l._n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o be_v 117_o l._n london_n but_o their_o silk_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o pound_n of_o 15_o ounce_n which_o be_v 1½_n pound_n abovesaid_a and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o 112_o l._n english_a have_v make_v in_o petras_n 126_o l._n the_o sack_n of_o curran_n common_o weigh_v of_o their_o weight_n 140_o l._n which_o be_v zant_n have_v produce_v incirca_fw-la 118_o l._n 100_o l._n of_o petrus_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o venice_n sotile_fw-la 130_o l._n and_o in_o the_o gross_a weight_n of_o venice_n 83½_n l._n which_o thus_o compute_v may_v be_v 88_o in_o 90_o l._n averdupois_n of_o london_n morea_n measure_n of_o morea_n the_o measure_n of_o these_o place_n be_v two_o for_o distinction_n of_o length_n first_o the_o silk_n pico_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 25_o inch_n english_a and_o the_o cloth_n pico_n 27_o inch_n by_o the_o rule_n in_o england_n oil_n of_o oil_n oil_n be_v
but_o few_o city_n fortify_v either_o by_o wall_n or_o bulwark_n save_o some_o principal_a place_n frontier_n or_o such_o like_a it_o have_v many_o goodly_a modern_a building_n cane_n cane_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n many_o cane_n for_o merchant_n stranger_n to_o abide_v besesterne_n cane_n besesterne_n and_o besesterne_n for_o they_o to_o make_v sale_n of_o their_o commodity_n in_o it_o have_v also_o many_o goodly_a mosque_n or_o turkish_a church_n and_o that_o ancient_o of_o santa_n sophia_n convert_v to_o their_o irreligious_a devotion_n be_v not_o the_o least_o though_o only_o the_o now_o stand_v chancel_n of_o the_o first_o building_n near_o which_o be_v the_o grand_a seignior_n place_n in_o the_o very_a point_n of_o the_o angle_n encompass_v for_o three-miles_n in_o circuit_n with_o a_o high_a wall_n and_o fortify_v with_o many_o hundred_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n this_o city_n be_v the_o common_a mart_n of_o all_o commodity_n of_o this_o empire_n receive_v and_o distribute_v what_o either_o come_v or_o go_v the_o merchant_n of_o london_n about_o 1586_o here_o begin_v to_o have_v some_o trade_n and_o break_v the_o ice_n by_o their_o land-travel_a hither_o through_o hungary_n afterward_o it_o be_v settle_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o first_o english_a ship_n that_o come_v hither_o be_v about_o 1585._o with_o a_o ambassador_n to_o reside_v who_o obtain_v here_o such_o favour_n by_o the_o recommendation_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n that_o her_o subject_n in_o their_o treaty_n and_o capitulation_n have_v many_o immunity_n and_o privilege_n grant_v they_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n a_o toleration_n of_o their_o religion_n freedom_n to_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n and_o that_o their_o custom_n shall_v only_o be_v three_o in_o the_o hundred_o out_o and_o three_o in_o whereas_o all_o other_o christian_n there_o resident_n pay_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n since_o which_o time_n the_o english_a have_v here_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n under_o protection_n of_o divers_a ambassador_n that_o have_v here_o reside_v which_o have_v have_v their_o election_n salary_n and_o maintenance_n from_o a_o society_n of_o merchant_n incorporate_v in_o england_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n first_o by_o the_o say_a queen_n elizabeth_n and_o confirm_v afterward_o with_o new_a privilege_n by_o our_o decease_a sovereign_a king_n james_n and_o last_o by_o our_o present_a king_n charles_n under_o the_o title_n of_o merchant_n of_o england_n trade_v to_o the_o levant_n sea_n wherein_o be_v at_o first_o comprehend_v the_o eastern-indy_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o also_o the_o seignory_n of_o venice_n this_o company_n derive_v their_o original_a from_o the_o company_n of_o barbary_n merchant_n which_o about_o this_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o civil-war_n of_o morocco_n and_o fez_n begin_v to_o decay_v and_o within_o a_o short_a time_n come_v to_o nothing_o and_o who_o afterward_o search_v more_o advise_o into_o the_o trade_n of_o these_o eastern-country_n this_o company_n settle_v a_o consul_n in_o aleppo_n and_o a_o vice-consul_n in_o tripoli_n the_o then_o principal_a seat_n of_o syria_n with_o the_o title_n of_o syria_n and_o cyprus_n also_o they_o place_v another_o consul_n in_o chios_n entitle_v of_o scio_fw-la smyrna_n and_o the_o arch_n as_o another_o consul_n since_o in_o argier_n and_o another_o in_o tunis_n and_o the_o last_o in_o petras_n in_o morea_n strengthen_v with_o command_n from_o the_o port_n and_o durane_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n not_o only_o for_o their_o peaceable_a live_n but_o also_o for_o the_o quiet_a enjoy_n of_o these_o privilege_n grant_v unto_o they_o as_o above_o be_v say_v constantinople_n commodity_n find_v in_o constantinople_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o place_n at_o first_o afford_v to_o our_o nation_n and_o which_o hence_o in_o those_o day_n be_v bring_v into_o england_n be_v grogram_n camlet_n mohair_n persia_n silk_n gold_n in_o great_a quantity_n carpet_n anniseed_n cotton_n gall_n some_o pepper_n indigo_n and_o other_o spice_n which_o now_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o our_o east-india_n trade_n we_o send_v thither_o in_o far_o great_a abundance_n than_o ever_o we_o have_v they_o thence_o and_o those_o be_v yet_o the_o common_a staple_n commodity_n of_o this_o country_n constantinople_n commodity_n send_v from_o england_n to_o constantinople_n the_o commodity_n which_o at_o first_o this_o company_n do_v send_v to_o constantinople_n be_v lead_n tin_n and_o principal_o a_o sort_n of_o blue_a kersey_n call_v hampshire_n and_o stoplist_a and_o some_o few_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n fur_n of_o martin_n coney_n fitche_n sable_n and_o such_o and_o now_o those_o kersey_n be_v altogether_o out_o of_o use_n and_o convert_v into_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n gloucester_n coventry_n and_o the_o like_a which_o they_o send_v in_o colour_n die_v and_o dress_v to_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o or_o ten_o thousand_o clothes_n yearly_a and_o now_o we_o also_o supply_v their_o market_n with_o indigo_n pepper_n cloves_n moces_n nutmeg_n ginger_n calico_n and_o other_o east-india_n commodity_n constantinople_n account_n in_o constantinople_n the_o merchant_n here_o reside_v keep_v their_o account_n as_o almost_o be_v accustom_v over_o all_o turkey_n in_o dollar_n and_o asper_n whereof_o 80_o asper_n be_v account_v a_o dollar_n and_o though_o in_o merchandise_n it_o do_v pass_v at_o 90_o 100_o or_o 110_o or_o 115_o asper_n as_o i_o have_v know_v it_o yet_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o dollar_n in_o account_n alter_v not_o of_o 80_o asper_n to_o a_o dollar_n nor_o of_o the_o 120_o asper_n to_o a_o sultany_n turkey_n coin_n current_a in_o turkey_n the_o coin_n current_a in_o constantinople_n be_v those_o proper_a to_o the_o whole_a empire_n which_o be_v principal_o the_o sultany_n in_o gold_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o hunger_n venice_n checquin_n and_o xeriff_n of_o barbary_n pass_v for_o 120_o asper_n and_o the_o dollar_n of_o germany_n the_o rial_n of_o ⅜_n spanish_n pass_v for_o 80_o asper_n so_o that_o the_o 1½_n rial_n of_o ⅜_n be_v a_o sultany_n of_o gold_n howbeit_o of_o late_a day_n silver_n be_v find_v more_o plentiful_a and_o gold_n more_o scarce_o so_o that_o the_o say_v sultany_n hunger_n or_o checquin_n be_v worth_a 1½_n dollar_n and_o 10_o 12_o or_o 13_o asper_n more_o or_o less_o as_o the_o same_o be_v demand_v and_o seek_v after_o also_o here_o be_v find_v other_o dollar_n both_o of_o italy_n and_o germany_n to_o pass_v for_o a_o considerable_a value_n as_o the_o lion_n dollar_n at_o 75_o asper_n and_o the_o german_a sesetine_n at_o 70_o asper_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o fine_a most_o sort_n of_o current_a coin_n in_o the_o world_n if_o find_v good_a silver_n find_v here_o a_o real_a price_n in_o payment_n of_o merchandise_n constantinople_n weight_n in_o constantinople_n the_o weight_n use_v among_o merchant_n be_v these_o a_o grain_n be_v the_o least_o 4_o make_v a_o quillat_n a_o dram_n be_v 16_o grain_n of_o which_o all_o the_o weight_n of_o these_o country_n be_v compose_v a_o yusdrome_n be_v 100_o dram_fw-la and_o be_v 1_o l._n sotile_a venice_n or_o 72_o mitigale_n here_o a_o lodero_fw-la be_v 176_o dram_fw-la about_o 132_o l._n averdupois_n 19½_n ounce_n a_o oak_n be_v 400_o dram_fw-la which_o be_v near_o 2_o l._n 12_o ounce_n or_o 10_o ounce_n loderos_n 100_o be_v account_v to_o be_v 42_o oak_n and_o call_v a_o quintar_n which_o quintar_n be_v account_v to_o be_v 118_o in_o 120_o l._n subtle_a english_a a_o batman_n be_v 6_o oak_n which_o be_v 2400_o dram_fw-la or_o 16⅓_n l._n english_a by_o which_o weight_n silk_n be_v here_o buy_v make_v 10_o great_a l._n ⅔_n ounce_n per_fw-la batman_n batman_n 7_o and_o oak_n 2_o make_v a_o quintal_n which_o be_v 120_o l._n english_a loders_n 13_o and_o dram_fw-la 112_o make_n a_o batman_n all_o silk_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o batman_n and_o yet_o weigh_v by_o the_o lodero_fw-la so_o also_o be_v grogram_n yarn_n and_o other_o commonity_n sell_v by_o the_o oak_n yet_o weigh_v by_o the_o lodero_fw-la oak_n to_o bring_v loderos_n into_o oak_n to_o bring_v therefore_o loderos_n into_o oak_n do_v thus_o posite_fw-la you_o have_v 14_o loders_n and_o will_v know_v how_o many_o oak_n it_o produce_v first_o multiply_v your_o 14_o loderos_n by_o 44_o which_o produce_v 616_o then_o cut_v off_o the_o two_o last_o figure_n for_o the_o c._n will_v remain_v 6_o which_o be_v oak_n then_o multiply_v the_o 16_o you_o cut_v off_o by_o 4_o and_o it_o make_v 64_o which_o be_v dram_fw-la and_o so_o your_o 14_o loders_n be_v 6_o oak_n 64_o dram_fw-la and_o so_o do_v of_o any_o other_o sum_n give_v dram_fw-la 720_o be_v account_v rotolos_n of_o silk_n and_o other_o commodity_n in_o aleppo_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o sale_n of_o that_o commodity_n which_o be_v to_o be_v note_v 700_o 680_o and_o this_o dram_n be_v 16_o killat_n a_o mitigal_n be_v 1½_n dram_fw-la which_o be_v 24_o killat_n
grateful_a acknowledgement_n as_o to_o those_o who_o have_v lend_v i_o their_o ready_a furtherance_n in_o this_o work_n and_o for_o the_o government_n of_o this_o trade_n in_o england_n they_o have_v a_o governor_n who_o be_v always_o yearly_o choose_v in_o london_n and_o be_v ever_o one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o the_o say_a company_n than_o a_o deputy_n and_o three_o a_o husband_n in_o which_o last_o the_o say_a company_n have_v for_o some_o year_n honour_v my_o employment_n and_o think_v my_o pain_n worthy_a their_o acceptation_n and_o these_o in_o consideration_n of_o their_o care_n have_v a_o yearly_a courtesy_n or_o gratuity_n for_o their_o pain_n also_o to_o these_o be_v add_v a_o secretary_n accountant_a and_o some_o other_o officer_n receive_v salary_n and_o for_o the_o better_a regulate_v of_o this_o trade_n and_o as_o assistant_n to_o the_o abovesaid_a they_o have_v a_o treasurer_n and_o 18_o committee_n yearly_o choose_v and_o be_v ever_o the_o great_a trader_n and_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o the_o say_a society_n and_o common_o the_o deep_a interest_v in_o the_o general_a trade_n and_o in_o this_o nature_n have_v it_o continue_v since_o the_o first_o erection_n and_o incorporation_n of_o this_o society_n in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o by_o queen_n elizabeth_n who_o love_n to_o her_o merchant_n procure_v they_o in_o turkey_n many_o privilege_n and_o grant_v they_o in_o england_n the_o immunity_n aforesaid_a now_o for_o the_o levy_n and_o supportation_n of_o this_o charge_n annual_o this_o happen_v and_o for_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o present_a that_o be_v give_v to_o the_o grand_a seignor_n at_o the_o change_n of_o every_o ambassador_n there_o be_v levy_v a_o lanto_n upon_o the_o merchandise_n either_o import_v or_o erport_v in_o or_o out_o of_o turkey_n upon_o the_o member_n of_o the_o say_a company_n christian_n the_o english_a nation_n the_o great_a trader_n into_o turkey_n of_o christian_n which_o in_o england_n be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o imposition_n and_o in_o turkey_n by_o the_o name_n of_o consolage_n which_o the_o say_a company_n do_v impose_v upon_o themselves_o and_o set_v the_o same_o either_o high_a or_o low_o as_o their_o occasion_n and_o necessity_n of_o their_o charge_n do_v require_v and_o these_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a of_o all_o the_o merchant_n christian_n that_o traffic_n bither_o second_o the_o venetian_n be_v second_o the_o second_o eminent_a trader_n into_o this_o city_n be_v the_o venetian_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o seignory_n to_o protect_v who_o and_o for_o reason_n of_o state_n because_o of_o their_o near_a neighbourhood_n that_o commonwealth_n maintain_v here_o a_o ambassador_n common_o entitle_v the_o bailo_n together_o with_o 10_o consul_n in_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n together_o with_o 60_o janizery_n 30_o druggerman_n and_o sundry_a other_o officer_n which_o be_v all_o pay_v and_o defray_v out_o of_o the_o office_n of_o cottinio_n in_o venice_n from_o whence_o also_o issue_v all_o avennue_n and_o other_o loss_n and_o charge_n that_o happen_v for_o the_o preservation_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o turkey_n or_o the_o liberty_n and_o immunity_n grant_v thereto_o throughout_o all_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n three_o the_o french_a be_v the_o three_o the_o three_o eminent_a trader_n into_o this_o city_n be_v the_o french_a and_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o crown_n to_o protect_v who_o and_o also_o for_o preservation_n of_o amity_n settle_v between_o they_o that_o king_n maintain_v here_o a_o ambassador_n together_o with_o twelve_o consul_n disperse_v into_o sundry_a part_n of_o this_o empire_n together_o with_o 80_o janissary_n 34_o druggerman_n and_o sundry_a other_o officer_n all_o pay_v and_o defray_v out_o of_o the_o coffer_n of_o the_o french_a king_n who_o willing_o contribute_v the_o charge_n for_o the_o ease_n of_o his_o merchant_n and_o have_v but_o small_a leviation_n upon_o they_o for_o the_o same_o least_o the_o dutch_a be_v the_o last_o and_o least_o the_o four_o and_o last_o be_v the_o dutch_a nation_n who_o in_o some_o manner_n be_v find_v to_o have_v some_o traffic_n hither_o to_o which_o end_n that_o state_n maintain_v in_o this_o city_n a_o ambassador_n who_o they_o entitle_v their_o orator_n beside_o who_o they_o have_v only_o three_o consulship_n twelve_o janissary_n â—eâ—_n druggerman_n and_o some_o other_o officer_n disperse_v through_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n who_o charge_n be_v bear_v by_o the_o state_n of_o the_o merchant_n of_o that_o nation_n trade_v hither_o at_o a_o tante_fw-la per_fw-la cent_n and_o not_o by_o the_o purse_n of_o the_o say_a province_n beside_o these_o some_o small_a trade_n be_v drive_v here_o by_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n as_o also_o by_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n and_o by_o the_o emperor_n subject_n who_o each_o of_o they_o have_v here_o their_o ambassador_n but_o the_o trade_n thereof_o be_v of_o so_o little_a consequence_n and_o subject_a to_o such_o change_n and_o variation_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n and_o peace_n which_o sometime_o be_v truy_o observe_v and_o sometime_o again_o as_o little_o regard_v that_o it_o merit_v no_o great_a consideration_n in_o this_o place_n as_o for_o the_o traffic_n drive_v here_o out_o of_o armenia_n moscovia_n tartary_n egypt_n georgia_n persia_n and_o other_o country_n of_o asia_n and_o africa_n i_o pass_v they_o over_o in_o silence_n have_v handle_v they_o particular_o in_o those_o several_a kingdom_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n constantinople_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o constantinople_n now_o the_o trade_n of_o other_o nation_n hither_o i_o have_v note_v it_o be_v not_o unproper_a i_o shall_v give_v a_o touch_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n into_o other_o place_n four_o sort_n of_o people_n be_v find_v hence_o to_o use_v a_o traffic_n such_o as_o be_v the_o native_a greek_n turk_n the_o armenian_n and_o the_o jew_n the_o jew_n bend_v much_o of_o their_o trade_n into_o the_o land_n as_o to_o adrianople_n with_o english_a clothes_n tin_n and_o spice_n bring_v hither_o by_o other_o nation_n to_o angora_n for_o gragram_n mohair_n and_o grogram_n yarn_n to_o salonica_n and_o other_o city_n in_o peloponnesus_n for_o silk_n and_o other_o manufacture_n the_o arenenians_n drive_v most_o of_o their_o trade_n into_o georgia_n armenia_n and_o persia_n for_o raw_a silk_n gall_n and_o some_o drug_n and_o carry_v thither_o clothes_n tin_n and_o other_o european_a commodity_n and_o rial_n of_o silver_n the_o turk_n bend_v their_o traffic_n to_o venice_n with_o grogram_n and_o camblet_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o dalmatia_n and_o sclavonia_n and_o thence_o return_v satin_n velvet_n and_o some_o woollen_a clothes_n and_o venices_n gold_n thence_o to_o meccn_n damascus_n and_o cairo_n with_o european_a commodity_n someome_v by_o sea_n but_o often_o by_o land_n and_o bring_v thence_o gem_n spice_n drug_n and_o calico_n and_o other_o indian_a commodity_n the_o greek_n for_o the_o most_o part_n find_v to_o be_v either_o shopkeeper_n and_o so_o can_v be_v term_v merchant_n or_o else_o mariner_n which_o sail_n to_o caipha_n to_o danubius_n to_o the_o arthes_n cyprus_n and_o alexandria_n and_o these_o be_v note_v to_o drive_v some_o trade_n that_o it_o merit_v not_o here_o any_o further_a observation_n have_v thus_o as_o brief_o and_o succinct_o as_o i_o can_v handle_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o main_a continent_n of_o europe_n and_o be_v come_v to_o this_o city_n of_o constantinople_n one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a and_o fair_a city_n not_o only_o of_o europe_n but_o also_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n who_o trade_n i_o have_v also_o due_o and_o yet_o brief_o relate_v it_o be_v now_o high_a time_n for_o i_o to_o look_v homeward_o and_o so_o leave_v this_o famous_a ory_n sail_v down_o the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n to_o the_o hellespont_n galipolis_n galipolis_n leave_v in_o view_n and_o sight_n on_o europe_n side_n the_o once_o famous_a galipolis_n the_o late_a station_n for_o the_o grand_a seignior_n galley_n who_o material_n either_o for_o the_o matter_n or_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o traffic_n differ_v not_o from_o this_o use_v in_o the_o city_n of_o constantinople_n itself_o though_o otherwise_o it_o yield_v to_o the_o merchant_n for_o transportation_n good_a quantity_n of_o raw_a hide_n sheeps-wooll_n anniseed_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n and_o take_v aboard_o i_o one_o qualify_v here_o who_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n supply_v the_o room_n of_o general_a câ—…sul_n for_o all_o western_a nation_n i_o sail_v with_o he_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o sestos_n and_o abydos_n the_o now_o key_n of_o this_o sea_n and_o say_a city_n famous_v by_o the_o ancient_n for_o the_o sad_a and_o disastrous_a love_n of_o hero_n and_o leander_n where_o stay_v three_o day_n to_o clear_v my_o vessel_n
manner_n of_o keep_v their_o account_n i_o have_v note_v but_o money_n find_v some_o variation_n and_o diversity_n by_o reason_n of_o trade_n i_o will_v brief_o touch_v the_o same_o first_o then_o messina_n coin_n current_a in_o messina_n a_o crown_n of_o gold_n of_o italy_n be_v worth_a 14_o tarry_v a_o crown_n of_o the_o place_n they_o account_v 12_o tarry_v a_o tarry_v as_o in_o palermo_n 20_o grain_n be_v 2_o carlin_n a_o ounce_n be_v as_o in_o palermo_n 30_o tarry_v a_o grain_n be_v 5_o pecoly_n a_o florence_n ducat_n do_v pass_v for_o 11_o tarry_v 4_o gr_n a_o ducat_n of_o camera_n of_o rome_n for_o 12_o tarry_v 6_o gr_n a_o ducat_n of_o carlins_n of_o naples_n for_o 10_o tarry_v 16â…”_n gr_n a_o crown_n of_o mark_n be_v 12_o tarry_v a_o livre_fw-fr of_o gross_a of_o venice_n be_v 3_o ounce_n 21_o tarry_v 1_o gr_n one_o pound_n gross_a of_o aver_v be_v 1_o ounce_n and_o 10_o tarry_v marvedy_n 29½_n of_o spain_n be_v one_o tarry_v and_o a_o pound_n sterling_n be_v here_o note_n note_n the_o weight_n of_o messina_n be_v find_v to_o be_v two_o the_o first_o be_v the_o gross_a cantar_n whereby_o be_v weigh_v all_o manner_n of_o food_n flesh_n caviar_n fish_n tonnies_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v note_v to_o be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a than_o the_o second_o cantar_n and_o have_v produce_v by_o computation_n pound_n english_a 196_o in_o 198_o pound_n and_o the_o small_a cantar_n contain_v as_o the_o former_a 100_o rotolos_n of_o 30_o ounce_n or_o 2½_n pound_n siciliano_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o sum_n mention_v in_o palermo_n as_o be_v the_o common_a weight_n of_o all_o the_o island_n and_o account_v as_o i_o say_v before_o to_o be_v 173_o pound_n but_o find_v by_o experience_n of_o some_o english_a merchant_n 184_o pound_n which_o i_o refer_v to_o trial_n and_o they_o account_v 20_o pesos_n to_o make_v a_o subtle_a cantar_n and_o 22_o peso_n the_o gross_a which_o be_v the_o general_a cantar_n of_o palia_n messina_n measure_n in_o messina_n their_o measure_n be_v the_o same_o as_o mention_v in_o palermo_n which_o be_v the_o cane_n divide_v into_o 8_o palm_n for_o length_n and_o the_o salmo_n divide_v into_o 16_o tomolos_n for_o corn_n and_o so_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v more_o at_o large_a handle_v under_o the_o chapter_n of_o palermo_n as_o serve_v for_o great_a use_n to_o the_o merchant_n that_o traffic_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n messina_n custom_n of_o messina_n all_o stuff_n of_o linen_n or_o woollen_a measurable_a of_o this_o kingdom_n sell_v or_o not_o sell_v pay_v at_o messina_n 6½_n per_fw-la cent_n all_o commodity_n of_o weight_n from_o without_o the_o kingdom_n sell_v or_o not_o sell_v pay_v at_o messina_n 3_o per_fw-mi cent_n remove_v from_o ship_n to_o ship_n pay_v 3_o per_fw-mi cent_n or_o 3¼_n all_o merchandise_n that_o be_v convey_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o the_o port_n of_o messina_n pay_v 6â…“_n per_fw-la cent_n messina_n fair_n of_o messina_n unless_o at_o the_o fairâ—…_n when_o as_o some_o commodity_n pay_v less_o than_o some_o other_o so_o that_o silk_n than_o pay_v only_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n i_o have_v note_v a_o old_a print_a observation_n between_o london_n and_o messina_n to_o be_v thus_o which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o trial_n that_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o palermo_n be_v in_o london_n 172_o l._n the_o 100_o l._n of_o messina_n in_o silk_n make_v silk_n weight_n in_o london_n 43½_n and_o the_o rotolo_n of_o palermo_n have_v make_v in_o london_n 1_o l._n 9_o conce_n the_o 100_o yard_n have_v make_v 44½_n cane_n and_o that_o the_o cane_n have_v make_v in_o london_n 2¼_n yard_n or_o ell_n 1½_n goad_n of_o freeze_v and_o cotton_v and_o thus_o i_o will_v leave_v this_o city_n and_o island_n and_o sail_v to_o malta_n malta_n malta_n malta_n be_v the_o next_o island_n of_o note_n in_o these_o sea_n famous_v more_o by_o the_o knight_n the_o now_o possessor_n than_o by_o any_o traffic_n that_o be_v find_v therein_o it_o be_v the_o place_n where_o st._n paul_n suffer_v shipwreck_n and_o where_o he_o shake_v the_o viper_n from_o his_o hand_n into_o the_o flame_n which_o yet_o the_o inhabitant_n will_v persuade_v traveller_n have_v leave_v some_o virtue_n and_o relic_n thereof_o behind_o he_o which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o relation_n of_o other_o it_o abound_v in_o cotton-wooll_n orange_n lemon_n citron_n honey_n wax_n and_o some_o other_o fruit_n the_o town_n of_o note_n be_v valetta_n saint_n hermes_n and_o malta_n and_o some_o other_o corsica_n corsica_n corsica_n be_v the_o next_o and_o seat_v opposite_a to_o genoa_n to_o who_o it_o belong_v be_v 300_o mile_n in_o compass_n bastia_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n and_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o genoese_a governor_n with_o a_o commodious_a haven_n and_o a_o strong_a garrison_n the_o principal_a port_n for_o ship_n be_v saint_n florence_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n and_o saint_n boniface_n in_o the_o south_n the_o commodity_n thereof_o be_v oil_n fig_n raiâ—…s_n wates_n honey_n wax_n alum_n boxwood_n iron_n good_a horse_n and_o fierce_a mastiff_n little_o other_o commâ—ities_n it_o afford_v not_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n agree_v with_o genoa_n sardinia_n sardinia_n sardinia_n be_v the_o next_o and_o account_v 550_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o spaniard_n divide_v into_o two_o part_n first_o cape_n luggudory_n towards_o corsica_n and_o second_o cape_n cagliares_n towards_o africa_n sardinia_n commodity_n of_o sardinia_n it_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n corn_n in_o good_a plenty_n and_o oil_n in_o a_o reasonable_a manner_n but_o abundance_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o cattle_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o hide_n and_o cheese_n which_o in_o a_o homely_a manner_n be_v make_v here_o and_o hence_o disperse_v through_o italy_n spain_n and_o other_o country_n there_o be_v here_o many_o town_n such_o as_o be_v bossa_n santa_fw-it reparata_fw-la alquilastro_n and_o lasty_a callary_n the_o metropolis_n of_o which_o a_o word_n together_o with_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n cclix_o of_o callary_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o callary_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o callary_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o island_n opposite_a to_o africa_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o spanish_a vice-king_n enjoy_v a_o goodly_a haven_n and_o much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n and_o be_v a_o archbiâ—…p's_n see_v and_o well_o store_v with_o eminent_a citizen_n callary_n money_n of_o callary_n their_o money_n be_v general_o the_o money_n of_o valentia_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n but_o they_o have_v proper_a to_o the_o island_n some_o copper_n or_o black_a money_n to_o which_o the_o ducat_n and_o liver_n of_o valentia_n be_v reduce_v and_o their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o in_o that_o city_n sardinia_n weight_n in_o sardinia_n the_o common_a weight_n be_v the_o pound_n consist_v of_o 12_o ounce_n 160_o l._n thereof_o be_v their_o quinter_n be_v english_a 88_o in_o 89_o l._n and_o in_o marselia_n 101_o l._n in_o florence_n 125_o l._n circa_fw-la sardinia_n measure_n of_o sardinia_n their_o common_a measure_n be_v a_o vare_fw-la and_o a_o brace_n the_o vare_fw-la find_v to_o agree_v with_o valentia_n and_o brace_n with_o florence_n the_o first_o use_v in_o cloth_n and_o linen_n and_o the_o latter_a in_o silk_n etc._n etc._n further_a observation_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o island_n have_v not_o come_v to_o my_o hand_n therefore_o i_o will_v hence_o sail_v to_o the_o next_o island_n which_o be_v those_o of_o majorca_n and_o minorca_n chap._n cclx_o of_o majorca_n and_o minorca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o majorca_n and_o minorca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o majorca_n be_v seat_v also_o in_o these_o sea_n 300_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o 30_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o continent_n of_o spain_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v majorca_n a_o university_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o spanish_a viceroy_n minorca_n be_v nine_o mile_n distant_a from_o majorca_n and_o 150_o mile_n in_o compass_n wherein_o be_v minorca_n and_o java_n the_o principal_a town_n but_o mahon_n therein_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o excellent_a port_n able_a to_o contain_v 500_o sail_n of_o very_o great_a ship_n in_o safety_n from_o all_o weather_n whatsoever_o &c_n commodity_n of_o majorca_n &c_n &c_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n corn_n wines_n oil_n this_o last_o be_v the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n which_o the_o english_a do_v here_o lade_v above_o 500_o tun_n yearly_a and_o sometime_o more_o and_o hence_o export_v by_o they_o if_o the_o spaniard_n have_v not_o otherwise_o occasion_n for_o it_o for_o his_o own_o use_n for_o from_o hence_o provision_n be_v make_v for_o all_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a navigator_n majorca_n money_n in_o majorca_n their_o money_n have_v reference_n to_o those_o current_n in_o spain_n and_o principal_o
by_o the_o neighbour_a shire_n mam_n cimbri_n the_o mother_n of_o wales_n as_o have_v of_o all_o food_n and_o other_o provision_n necessary_a to_o preserve_v the_o life_n of_o man_n out_o of_o which_o be_v yearly_o send_v 3000_o head_n of_o cattle_n to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o other_o country_n adjoin_v together_o with_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o corn_n butter_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o have_v in_o time_n past_o 300_o town_n and_o village_n beaumares_n beaumares_n now_o it_o have_v but_o one_o of_o consequence_n remain_v call_v beaumare_n commodious_a for_o trade_n as_o command_v a_o fair_a safe_a and_o capacious_a haven_n and_o road_n to_o which_o as_o be_v the_o place_n of_o my_o birth_n i_o owe_v this_o grateful_a remembrance_n jarsey_n jarsey_n jarsey_n be_v the_o next_o in_o compass_n 20_o mile_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v st._n hillary_n and_o s._n mollo_n abound_v in_o sheep_n etc._n etc._n garnsey_n garnsey_n then_o garnsey_n 20_o mile_n distant_a from_o jarsey_n rich_a in_o good_a harbour_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v st._n peter_n wight_n wight_n the_o last_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n be_v 20_o mile_n long_o and_o 12_o broad_a the_o principal_a town_n be_v yarmouth_n newport_n and_o bradring_n it_o be_v well_o fortify_v and_o strengthen_v against_o all_o foreign_a attempt_n whatsoever_o there_o be_v also_o some_o other_o petty_a island_n round_o about_o this_o shore_n but_o i_o will_v pass_v they_o to_o come_v to_o those_o of_o great_a note_n and_o consequence_n which_o be_v ireland_n and_o great_a britain_n the_o last_o isle_n and_o place_n both_o of_o this_o my_o travel_n and_o traffic_n chap._n cclxiii_o of_o ireland_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o ireland_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o ireland_n stand_v west_n of_o britain_n contain_v in_o length_n 400_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n 200_o mile_n enjoy_v this_o prerogative_n by_o nature_n that_o no_o venomous_a serpent_n will_v either_o live_v here_o if_o bring_v from_o other_o region_n nor_o yet_o do_v natural_o breed_v here_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o 5_o province_n which_o according_a to_o my_o former_a method_n i_o will_v in_o order_n touch_v and_o see_v what_o town_n of_o note_n they_o contain_v 1_o munster_n 1_o munster_n be_v the_o first_o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o limrick_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o shanâ—…_n 2_o cork_n 3._o kingsale_n and_o 4._o waterford_n the_o first_o ground_n that_o ever_o i_o tread_v on_o out_o of_o my_o native_a soil_n be_v about_o 13_o or_o 14_o year_n old_a and_o then_o begin_v to_o be_v employ_v by_o my_o parent_n in_o trade_n of_o merchandise_v 2._o connaught_n 2._o connaught_n be_v the_o second_o province_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v dunratty_a and_o galloway_n the_o three_o city_n in_o ireland_n both_o for_o fairness_n largeness_n and_o for_o pleasant_a dwelling_n and_o situation_n 3_o ulster_n 3_o ulster_n be_v the_o three_o province_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v dundale_n 2._o dungannon_n 3._o armagh_n a_o archbishopric_n 4._o dongal_n and_o 5._o london-derry_n late_o build_v and_o people_v by_o the_o city_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n 4._o meth_n 4._o meth_n be_v the_o four_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v kelly_n 2._o he_o and_o last_o tredagh_n a_o fine_a town_n where_o also_o i_o reside_v in_o these_o my_o young_a year_n of_o travel_n and_o first_o employment_n in_o traffic_n 5._o lempster_n 5._o lempster_n be_v the_o last_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o mareaburg_n philips-town_n kildare_n and_o dublin_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o a_o word_n chap._n cclxiv_o of_o dublin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o dublin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o dublin_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o life_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o lord_n deputy_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v sovereign_a here_o it_o be_v also_o a_o archbishopric_n and_o a_o university_n ireland_n commodity_n of_o ireland_n the_o commodity_n the_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v these_o first_o the_o country_n abound_v in_o cattle_n each_o afford_v tallow_n and_o hide_v in_o great_a abundance_n which_o be_v hence_o export_v to_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n also_o salmon_n be_v here_o catch_v good_a store_n in_o july_n august_n and_o september_n which_o be_v salt_v and_o export_v and_o in_o summer_n the_o quantity_n be_v so_o great_a in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o island_n that_o the_o servant_n do_v covenant_n with_o their_o master_n they_o must_v not_o feed_v thereon_o but_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o week_n herring_n be_v here_o also_o catch_v and_o account_v the_o best_a as_o also_o pilchard_n in_o august_n september_n and_o october_n and_o thence_o vent_v to_o spain_n france_n and_o into_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n here_o be_v also_o some_o butter_n cheese_n pipe-stave_n calves-skin_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o late_a day_n prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ireland_n coin_n of_o ireland_n the_o coin_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o standard_n carry_v a_o concurrence_n with_o those_o of_o england_n which_o also_o here_o be_v current_a for_o the_o value_n as_o be_v subject_a to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sceptre_n yet_o in_o distinction_n of_o the_o true_a and_o real_a worth_n be_v find_v thus_o entitle_v the_o pound_n of_o ireland_n consist_v of_o 20_o shilling_n irish_a yet_o in_o sterling_a be_v account_v but_o 15_o shilling_n the_o shilling_n by_o this_o account_n be_v but_o 9_o d._n sterling_a and_o the_o 6_o d._n irish_a be_v 4½_n d._n sterling_a ireland_n exchange_n of_o ireland_n here_o be_v also_o a_o exchange_n find_v and_o practise_v but_o not_o for_o any_o foreign_a part_n save_v england_n and_o principal_o london_n and_o bristol_n common_o run_v at_o 8_o d._n upon_o the_o pound_n and_o when_o most_o at_o 12_o d._n per_fw-la l._n which_o be_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n england_n weight_n and_o measure_n as_o in_o england_n dublin_n and_o in_o general_a all_o ireland_n have_v the_o measure_n and_o weight_n of_o england_n in_o use_n in_o their_o traffic_n and_o agree_v therewith_o in_o all_o particular_n i_o need_v not_o insist_v further_o therein_o now_o a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o ireland_n as_o it_o be_v find_v observable_a in_o these_o day_n ireland_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o ireland_n the_o daily_a conversation_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o the_o late_a impartial_a and_o find_v administration_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o country_n have_v redeem_v this_o island_n from_o the_o jaw_n of_o barbarism_n wherein_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v and_o suffer_v a_o ruin_n and_o since_o by_o little_a and_o little_a peace_n be_v firm_o establish_v have_v bring_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o a_o desire_n of_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o this_o desire_n have_v so_o well_o be_v second_v by_o their_o industry_n that_o i_o may_v say_v it_o have_v bring_v store_n and_o plenty_n into_o their_o dwelling_n which_o have_v hitherto_o meet_v with_o so_o good_a a_o success_n that_o whereas_o few_o year_n past_o this_o country_n be_v with_o all_o necessary_n supply_v out_o of_o england_n and_o scotland_n abundance_n it_o now_o return_v that_o courtesy_n and_o contribute_v some_o year_n not_o only_o to_o the_o want_n of_o both_o but_o to_o the_o want_n of_o spain_n france_n and_o some_o other_o adjoin_v country_n for_o now_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n add_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n labour_n and_o pain_n as_o first_o the_o sea_n and_o river_n in_o their_o season_n afford_v they_o great_a plenty_n of_o codfish_n hake_n fish_n pitchard_n herring_n and_o these_o of_o both_o the_o large_a best_a and_o in_o abundance_n which_o they_o take_v kill_v and_o salt_n and_o so_o disperse_v as_o a_o merchandise_n into_o france_n spain_n england_n scotland_n and_o other_o country_n then_o the_o earth_n yield_v they_o a_o good_a breed_n of_o cattle_n especial_o sheep_n and_o ox_n in_o such_o store_n that_o they_o have_v thereof_o in_o great_a abundance_n as_o also_o of_o hide_n wool_n tallow_n butter_n cheese_n and_o beef_n and_o the_o wool_n they_o by_o manufacture_n convert_v into_o cloth_n mantle_n rug_n frises_n and_o yarn_n whereof_o it_o be_v report_v that_o there_o come_v yearly_a to_o the_o town_n of_o manchester_n in_o lancashire_n to_o be_v there_o weave_v into_o stuff_n at_o least_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o weight_n fine_a and_o coarse_a beside_o which_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n yield_v they_o lead_v iron_n and_o tin_n and_o by_o their_o own_o industry_n they_o have_v many_o other_o manufacture_n as_o also_o pipe-stave_n wax_v honey_n fur_n hemp_n linen_n cloth_n salt_n and_o some_o other_o all_o this_o consider_v what_o shall_v want_v here_o to_o make_v they_o eminent_a merchant_n but_o ship_v and_o skill_n in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n and_o
a_o desire_n to_o employ_v their_o talent_n in_o foreign_a country_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o see_v to_o be_v perfect_v among_o they_o nature_n have_v to_o this_o end_n fit_v they_o with_o many_o goodly_a port_n and_o navigable_a river_n and_o will_v in_o time_n i_o hope_v fit_v they_o with_o a_o inclination_n to_o second_v by_o their_o endeavour_n what_o be_v so_o plentiful_o bestow_v by_o she_o upon_o they_o which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o conversation_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o civiliz_n d_o english_a that_o daily_o be_v see_v to_o come_v and_o reside_v among_o they_o and_o thus_o leave_v ireland_n and_o my_o good_a wish_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o her_o traffic_n i_o hence_o pass_v over_o to_o scotland_n a_o part_n of_o britain_n and_o view_v the_o present_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n cclxu._n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o scotland_n be_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o salway_n and_o the_o cheviot_n hill_n extend_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o other_o which_o be_v a_o kingdom_n and_o vary_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n from_o england_n i_o have_v think_v good_a here_o to_o insert_v by_o itself_o scotland_n commodity_n of_o scotland_n the_o comedy_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v coarse_a clothes_n freeze_v fish_v salt_v hides_n tallow_n lead_v over_o some_o grain_n feather_n and_o other_o commodity_n as_o sea-coal_n allom_n iron_n etc._n etc._n this_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o high-land_n and_o the_o low-land_n and_o the_o same_o into_o several_a sheriffdom_n or_o province_n in_o which_o be_v find_v these_o town_n of_o consequence_n chap._n cclxvi_o of_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o first_o edenburg_n wherein_o be_v seat_v the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n consist_v principal_o of_o one_o street_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n whereto_o do_v lead_v many_o other_o petty_a lane_n make_v the_o whole_a near_o three_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o second_o town_n be_v glascow_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o university_n the_o three_o be_v saint_n andrews_n in_o fife_n honour_v with_o many_o prerogative_n fourthly_a sterling_a then_o be_v perth_n aberdeen_n dondes_n saint_n john_n town_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n scotland_n money_n of_o scotland_n their_o current_a money_n in_o merchandise_n be_v the_o proper_a coin_n of_o that_o kingdom_n both_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v usual_o find_v to_o be_v in_o gold_n in_o piece_n of_o 22_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 11_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 5._o 6_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 2._o 9_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 4._o 4⅜_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 1_o shill_n 1½_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o ½_n the_o ¾_n and_o ⅛_n thereof_o piece_n of_o 9_o 6_o d._n be_v ⅔_n of_o the_o 13_o d._n ½_n sterl_n one_o mark_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr piece_n of_o ½_n which_o be_v 4½_n d._n be_v ⅓_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a again_o 13½_n d._n sterl_n be_v a_o scotch_a mark._n or_o 13_o shill_n 4._o d._n scotch_a 6⅔_n be_v a_o scotch_a noble_a 6_o shill_n 8_o d._n 20_o d._n sterl_n be_v 1½_n mark_n scotch_a or_o 1_o pound_n scotch_a of_o 20_o shill_n 20_o shill_n sterl_n be_v 18_o scotch_a mark_n beside_o which_o be_v here_o find_v current_a the_o coin_n of_o england_n and_o he_o that_o will_v see_v further_o into_o the_o intrinsic_n value_n and_o weight_n of_o these_o coin_n either_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n must_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o proclamation_n set_v out_o by_o our_o sovereign_a king_n james_n decease_v date_v in_o 1609_o which_o will_v also_o show_v their_o conformity_n to_o the_o coin_n of_o england_n in_o weight_n and_o goodness_n and_o the_o current_a value_n and_o estimation_n thereof_o through_o this_o kingdom_n scotland_n exchange_n in_o scotland_n here_o be_v practise_v for_o england_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n as_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o scotch_a mark_n for_o 12_o penny_n sterling_a in_o london_n etc._n etc._n scotland_n account_n in_o scotland_n their_o account_n be_v now_o keep_v several_a way_n some_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n by_o sterling_a pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n and_o some_o by_o their_o own_o ancient_a manner_n also_o in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n scottish_a 20_o penny_n sterling_a be_v their_o pound_n 13½_n be_v their_o mark_n and_o penny_n scottish_a of_o which_o they_o have_v some_o black_a or_o copper_n monies_n as_o babaes_n esteem_v by_o they_o for_o six_o penny_n whereof_o two_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a placks_n which_o they_o esteem_v for_o four_o penny_n and_o three_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a and_o last_o piece_n call_v hard-head_n esteem_v by_o they_o at_o 1½_n penny_n but_o eight_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a money_n and_o some_o of_o these_o be_v yet_o current_a among_o they_o scotland_n weight_n of_o scotland_n they_o have_v in_o general_n as_o be_v also_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n but_o one_o weight_n for_o weigh_v of_o their_o merchandise_n and_o for_o buy_v and_o sell_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o pound_n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o london_n and_o all_o throughout_o england_n 108_o l._n averdupois_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n london_n sotile_n be_v find_v to_o render_v here_o 92_o l._n incirca_fw-la or_o the_o 112_o l._n to_o give_v 103½_n l._n or_o thereabouts_o 100_o measure_n of_o length_n 120_o for_o 100_o their_o common_a measure_n in_o length_n for_o linens_n cloth_n silk_n or_o stuff_n be_v a_o ell_n common_a in_o use_n throughout_o scotland_n which_o be_v about_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n differ_v from_o our_o english_a yard_n as_o be_v great_a so_o that_o whereas_o we_o allow_v 36_o inch_n to_o the_o yard_n by_o rule_n their_o ell_n may_v make_v incirca_fw-la 34½_n inch_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o trader_n hither_o that_o 75_o yard_n in_o london_n or_o ell_n 60_o ell_n have_v make_v here_o 72_o scotch_a ell_n but_o in_o their_o hundred_o by_o tale_n in_o measure_n they_o account_v six_o score_n or_o 120_o for_o 100_o in_o other_o measure_n of_o corn_n coal_n salt_n or_o liquid_a measure_n of_o beer_n ale_n wine_n oil_n and_o such_o like_a imitate_v the_o better_a experience_a to_o supply_v my_o defect_n therein_o for_o i_o hasten_v now_o towards_o england_n and_o so_o to_o london_n the_o city_n of_o my_o abode_n and_o the_o end_n of_o my_o present_a labour_n and_o by_o the_o way_n will_v observe_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v much_o addict_v both_o to_o trade_n and_o navigation_n and_o have_v many_o good_a help_n and_o furtherance_n there_o both_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o good_a port_n of_o the_o same_o so_o that_o in_o brief_a i_o may_v conclude_v this_o kingdom_n to_o be_v more_o addict_v to_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n than_o the_o irish_a and_o yet_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o english_a which_o yet_o by_o the_o gracious_a aspect_n of_o our_o sovereign_n be_v see_v daily_o to_o increase_v and_o may_v in_o time_n come_v to_o a_o great_a perfection_n chap._n cclxvii_o of_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o have_v now_o set_v my_o foot_n upon_o the_o happy_a shore_n and_o run_v through_o the_o trade_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a know_a city_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o survey_v the_o distinct_a port_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o i_o may_v not_o do_v less_o to_o our_o own_o than_o in_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v do_v to_o other_o foreign_a country_n britain_n then_o the_o queen_n of_o island_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o circuit_n 1836_o mile_n extend_v itself_o comprehend_v england_n wales_n and_o scotland_n as_o of_o one_o entire_a island_n which_o we_o now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o great_a britain_n 800_o mile_n be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n as_o into_o england_n and_o wales_n who_o trade_n we_o have_v now_o in_o hand_n and_o scotland_n who_o traffic_n we_o have_v already_o declare_v chap._n cclxviii_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o wales_n then_o be_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o division_n be_v bound_v on_o all_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n except_o the_o east_n where_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o a_o line_n draw_v to_o the_o river_n wie_z but_o by_o some_o by_o clauda_n offa_n or_o offa_n ditch_n or_o more_o proper_a by_o interpretation_n offa_n
hedge_n or_o rampire_n begin_n at_o the_o influx_n of_o wie_z into_o severn_n reach_v unto_o chester_n for_o 84_o mile_n where_o the_o river_n of_o dee_n enter_v into_o the_o sea_n the_o country_n be_v in_o many_o place_n mountainous_a and_o barren_a yet_o able_a of_o itself_o to_o subsist_v without_o assistance_n of_o any_o neighbourhood_n partly_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o plenty_n of_o some_o of_o the_o shire_n thereof_o the_o most_o fruitful_a afford_v supply_n to_o other_o that_o be_v find_v the_o most_o barren_a and_o deficient_a wales_n commodity_n of_o wales_n the_o commodity_n which_o this_o country_n do_v yield_v and_o vent_v abroad_o for_o merchandise_n be_v first_o cattle_n in_o abundance_n breed_v in_o general_a through_o the_o whole_a country_n wax_n honey_n herring_n white_a and_o red_a butter_n and_o cheese_n in_o great_a plenty_n wool_n also_o in_o some_o measure_n also_o this_o country_n be_v well_o store_v with_o mine_n of_o silver_n lead-ore_n coal_n and_o some_o tin_n millstone_n and_o good_a quarry_n of_o freestone_n for_o building_n hides_n calf_n skin_n frise_n bay_n some_o linen_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o welsh_a cotton_n and_o plain_n which_o in_o oswestry_n seat_v in_o sheep_n hire_n be_v every_o monday_n as_o the_o common_a emporie_n of_o all_o wales_n vent_v in_o great_a abundance_n and_o thence_o disperse_v throughout_o england_n and_o so_o thence_o be_v ship_v and_o convey_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o normandy_n britain_n and_o picardy_n and_o of_o late_o have_v find_v a_o current_a vent_n in_o spain_n turkey_n and_o other_o country_n therefore_o i_o will_v encourage_v my_o countryman_n to_o go_v on_o in_o their_o mansfacture_n of_o wool_n see_v that_o nature_n have_v do_v her_o part_n to_o give_v they_o the_o material_n their_o industry_n must_v be_v add_v and_o that_o will_v soon_o bring_v forward_o the_o art_n and_o all_o these_o conjoin_v will_v bring_v a_o benefit_n for_o a_o reward_n of_o all_o and_o to_o all_o of_o they_o wales_n four_o circuit_n in_o wales_n wales_n be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o contain_v 4_o circuit_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n 1_o flint_n denhigh_n montgomery_n shire_n be_v the_o first_o radnor_n glamorgan_n and_o brecknockshires_n be_v the_o second_o cardigan_n carmarthen_n and_o pembroke_n shire_n be_v the_o three_o merion_v carnarvan_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n the_o four_o diocese_n four_o diocese_n also_o to_o contain_v 4_o diocese_n for_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n shire_n twelve_o shire_n and_o these_o comprehend_v in_o twelve_o shire_n wherein_o be_v also_o find_v 1_o choose_v 13_o forest_n 36_o park_n 99_o bridge_n 230_o river_n 1016_o parish_n wherein_o be_v note_v to_o be_v 56_o market_n town_n be_v no_o city_n and_o in_o they_o 41_o castle_n and_o 4_o city_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o so_o many_o bishop_n as_o 〈◊〉_d saint_n david_n in_o pembrookshire_n 2._o bangor_n in_o carnarvonshire_n 3._o asaph_z in_o flintshire_n 4_o landaffe_n in_o glenorganshire_n last_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v account_v man_n of_o faithful_a carriage_n one_o to_o another_o most_o especial_o in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o to_o stranger_n in_o their_o own_o and_o use_v a_o peculiar_a language_n that_o have_v remain_v without_o alteration_n or_o commixture_n with_o any_o other_o in_o the_o world_n from_o the_o original_n thereof_o to_o this_o day_n and_o last_o to_o their_o everlasting_a praise_n and_o commendation_n have_v for_o many_o year_n valiant_o withstand_v all_o their_o enemy_n by_o their_o own_o proper_a valour_n and_o be_v join_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v true_a and_o loyal_a to_o the_o same_o and_o have_v so_o continue_v in_o all_o amity_n love_n and_o faithfulness_n chap._n cclxix_o of_o england_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o england_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o england_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o now_o the_o last_o in_o my_o labour_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o german_a on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o irish_a on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o british_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o scotland_n as_o be_v aforementioned_a the_o ornament_n of_o this_o country_n have_v in_o time_n past_o be_v express_v unto_o we_o by_o this_o verse_n anglia_fw-it mons_fw-la pons_n fons_n ecclesia_fw-la foemina_fw-la lana_n england_n be_v store_v with_o mountain_n bridge_n wool_n with_o church_n rivers_n woman_n beautiful_a but_o these_o be_v not_o the_o commodity_n that_o merchant_n look_v after_o therefore_o i_o will_v show_v you_o in_o his_o proper_a place_n those_o commodity_n which_o england_n do_v natural_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a season_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o run_v over_o the_o province_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o see_v what_o particular_n may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o each_o conduce_v either_o to_o traffic_n or_o to_o the_o honour_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n and_o thereto_o add_v also_o the_o province_n of_o wales_n purposely_o omit_v for_o this_o place_n the_o province_n or_o more_o proper_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n according_a to_o cambden_n who_o i_o glad_o follow_v in_o this_o description_n be_v these_o cornwall_n cornwall_n the_o first_o be_v cornwall_n in_o itself_o a_o barren_a and_o mountainous_a country_n but_o the_o bosom_n thereof_o enclose_v rich_a mine_n of_o tin_n which_o for_o the_o excellence_n thereof_o be_v famous_a throughout_o the_o world_n also_o therewith_o be_v dig_v gold_n and_o silver_n and_o a_o certain_a stone_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o earth_n of_o itself_o transparent_a and_o natural_o form_v into_o angle_n and_o point_n which_o if_o find_v in_o foreign_a country_n will_v be_v hold_v admirable_a here_o be_v also_o upon_o this_o coast_n take_v pilchard_n and_o herring_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v salt_n and_o dry_a in_o the_o smoke_n and_o so_o transport_v into_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n to_o good_a advantage_n the_o sea-coast_n be_v beautify_v with_o many_o town_n and_o havens_n capable_a of_o many_o ship_n falmouth_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o here_o be_v find_v that_o famous_a mount_n michael_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v cana_n which_o have_v for_o many_o age_n be_v note_v for_o its_o steepness_n and_o antiquity_n thereof_o st._n ives_n in_o cornwall_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n of_o st._n ives_n be_v on_o the_o the_o seaside_n with_o a_o good_a road_n before_o it_o for_o any_o vessel_n whatsoever_o to_o ride_v in_o it_o within_o one_o league_n half_a league_n or_o quarter_n of_o a_o league_n of_o the_o town_n with_o a_o peer_n or_o dry_a key_n belong_v unto_o it_o which_o will_v admit_v the_o enter_v a_o vessel_n of_o 200_o tun_n bring_v their_o tide_n with_o they_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o road_n and_o how_o it_o lie_v and_o in_o what_o degree_n be_v in_o a_o paper_n hereunto_o annex_v there_o may_v be_v a_o mould_n make_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o vessel_n with_o small_a cost_n that_o ship_n of_o 50_o tun_n or_o 100_o tun_n may_v ride_v a_o float_n on_o a_o neap-tide_n within_o it_o in_o safety_n the_o town_n consist_v only_o of_o one_o parish_n belong_v to_o it_o about_o some_o three_o mile_n round_o of_o it_o with_o at_o least_o 500_o family_n or_o above_o 3000_o soul_n in_o it_o what_o the_o place_n natural_o afford_v be_v pilchard_n herring_n congerdoust_n ray-fish_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o summer-fish_n the_o material_n which_o they_o most_o use_n for_o it_o be_v salt_n supply_v from_o france_n the_o quantity_n it_o afford_v yearly_o more_o or_o less_o as_o please_v god_n may_v be_v 3_o 4_o or_o 5000_o hogshead_n of_o pilchard_n yearly_a 3_o 4_o or_o 500_o barrel_n of_o herring_n good_a quantity_n of_o congerdoust_n 4_o or_o 5_o bark_n load_v of_o about_o 20_o or_o 30_o tun_n each_o bark_n of_o ray-fish_n yearly_a some_o year_n more_o some_o less_o these_o commodity_n as_o pilchard_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o hogshead_n four_o of_o they_o make_v a_o tun_n but_o common_o by_o the_o 1000_o 1200_o small_a tale_n they_o sell_v the_o merchant_n in_o the_o cask_n to_o the_o 1000_o the_o barrel_n of_o herring_n about_o 30_o gallon_n sell_v common_o at_o 18_o s._n 20_o s._n 22_o s._n per_fw-la barrel_n a_o congerdoust_a by_o the_o kintale_n that_o be_v to_o sayâ—_n 112_o l._n to_o the_o kintale_n ray_n fish_n constant_o sell_v by_o the_o dozen_o fresh_a at_o 2_o s._n 4_o d._n 2_o s._n 6_o d._n or_o 3_o s._n per_fw-la dozen_o they_o have_v to_o their_o dozen_o 20_o 30_o 40_o 50_o sometime_o 60_o fish_n to_o the_o dozen_o according_a to_o their_o custom_n the_o merchant_n have_v that_o buy_v it_o per_fw-la dozen_o their_o weight_n be_v 12_o l._n according_a to_o the_o
standard_n likewise_o be_v their_o yard_n or_o ell_n according_a to_o the_o standard_n by_o law_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o bushel_n for_o all_o grain_n and_o salt_n to_o be_v measure_v import_v contain_v 28_o gallon_n water-measure_n their_o ancient_a stand_a measure_n the_o place_n for_o vent_v these_o commodity_n be_v in_o the_o strait_n spain_n france_n and_o other_o foreign_a part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o price_n be_v common_o on_o pilchard_n 7_o 8_o or_o 9_o s._n per_fw-la thousand_o 30_o 35_o or_o 45_o s._n per_fw-la hogshead_n the_o measure_v use_v in_o the_o public_a market_n for_o corn_n be_v a_o bushel_n contain_v 20_o gallon_n the_o half_a bushel_n 10_o gallon_n the_o peek_n 5_o gallon_n the_o gallon_n agree_v with_o the_o winchester_n gallon_n salt_n be_v sell_v in_o the_o public_a market_n by_o the_o gallon_n and_o it_o be_v a_o good_a country_n for_o victual_v of_o ship_n the_o quantity_n of_o ship_n or_o bark_n belong_v to_o the_o place_n be_v but_o few_o and_o in_o number_n seven_o they_o be_v many_o more_o but_o be_v take_v and_o lose_v the_o burden_n of_o these_o be_v from_o 60_o tun_n to_o 20_o tun_n divers_a other_o vessel_n of_o foreign_a part_n do_v frequent_a the_o road_n yearly_a and_o port_n likewise_o the_o trade_n they_o drive_v with_o foreign_a nation_n be_v the_o commodity_n former_o express_v out_o of_o this_o port_n export_v with_o great_a quantity_n of_o tin_n which_o this_o country_n round_o about_o we_o afford_v and_o that_o the_o best_a in_o england_n which_o we_o usual_o export_v the_o commodity_n import_v or_o usual_o expend_v on_o the_o place_n or_o part_n adjacent_a be_v great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n at_o least_o 10000_o bushel_n of_o salt_n yearly_a with_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o commodity_n be_v small_a quantity_n the_o manner_n of_o take_v pilchard_n and_o herring_n be_v by_o net_n the_o other_o fish_n by_o hook_n they_o likewise_o use_v great_a quantity_n of_o net_a and_o rope_n yearly_a for_o their_o fish_n craft_n which_o cost_v they_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n the_o season_n for_o take_v of_o pilchard_n be_v between_o the_o first_o day_n of_o july_n and_o the_o first_o of_o january_n follow_v the_o herring_n they_o take_v from_o michaelmas_n to_o christmas_n follow_v the_o other_o fish_n be_v take_v in_o the_o summer_n the_o quantity_n of_o boat_n belong_v to_o the_o place_n be_v about_o 60_o the_o man_n a_o great_a number_n employ_v to_o sea_n in_o ship_n and_o at_o least_o four_o hundred_o man_n all_o the_o fishing-season_n be_v employ_v about_o the_o pilchard-catching_a and_o herring-fishing_a and_o for_o the_o better_a encouragement_n of_o trade_n there_o may_v be_v a_o mould_n erect_v from_o the_o castle_n whereon_o the_o colour_n stand_v in_o the_o map_n towards_o the_o church_n which_o have_v be_v proffer_v to_o be_v do_v for_o 3000_o l._n which_o if_o do_v will_v be_v the_o preservation_n of_o many_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la anon_o and_o many_o man_n life_n who_o by_o extremity_n of_o wether_n and_o contrary_a wind_n be_v force_v this_o side_n the_o landsend_n have_v no_o place_n else_o to_o preserve_v themselves_o unless_o they_o can_v get_v the_o harbour_n of_o milford_n which_o be_v 32_o league_n from_o this_o place_n be_v the_o only_a place_n on_o this_o north_n side_n for_o preservation_n of_o ship_n general_n blake_n when_o he_o beleaguer_v the_o island_n of_o scilly_n which_o lie_v 13_o league_n from_o this_o place_n be_v put_v off_o by_o a_o storm_n from_o the_o island_n of_o scilly_n with_o his_o fleet_n which_o come_v into_o this_o road_n and_o here_o anchor_v with_o his_o fleet_n till_o the_o storm_n be_v over_o which_o continue_v five_o day_n in_o safety_n it_o be_v a_o good_a road_n and_o with_o good_a ground-tackle_n a_o ship_n may_v safe_o ride_v with_o all_o wether_n this_o bay_n be_v from_o the_o landsend_n 5_o league_n and_o from_o the_o landsend_n to_o scilly_n be_v 8_o league_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n be_v poor_a and_o have_v often_o make_v it_o their_o request_n to_o have_v a_o mould_v erect_v for_o the_o great_a safety_n of_o ship_n that_o come_v here_o but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o late_a trouble_n and_o through_o the_o negligence_n of_o such_o as_o be_v entrust_v for_o the_o prosecute_n thereof_o it_o have_v be_v neglect_v which_o if_o erect_v ship_n of_o 300_o tun_n may_v be_v secure_v within_o the_o mould_n at_o any_o time_n and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a dry_a peer_n in_o england_n 2._o devon_n 2._o the_o second_o be_v devonshire_n no_o less_o rich_a in_o vein_n of_o tin_n and_o withal_o beautify_v with_o many_o more_o town_n and_o good_a havens_n than_o the_o former_a exon_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n and_o a_o inland_a city_n but_o datmouth_n and_o plymouth_n the_o best_a havens_n this_o last_o be_v from_o a_o poor_a fish_n village_n become_v a_o fair_a town_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o the_o rather_o it_o be_v to_o be_v mention_v as_o give_v birth_n to_o sir_n fruncis_n droke_n kt._n who_o in_o our_o father_n day_n accomplish_v so_o many_o notable_a exploit_n at_o sea_n and_o be_v the_o chief_a glory_n of_o that_o age_n for_o navigation_n 3_o dorset_z 3_o the_o three_o be_v dorsetshire_n dorchester_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n and_o weymouth_n the_o chief_a haven_n 4._o somerset_z 4._o somersetshire_n be_v the_o four_o happy_a in_o the_o fruitful_a soil_n rich_a pasture_n multitude_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o havens_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v bridgwater_n next_o bath_n famous_a for_o those_o medicinal_a bath_n there_o find_v and_o last_o bristol_n encompass_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n feat_n on_o the_o river_n severn_n beautify_v with_o many_o fair_a private_a and_o public_a building_n and_o next_o to_o london_n and_o york_n it_o be_v prefer_v to_o all_o other_o city_n of_o england_n but_o in_o amplitude_n of_o traffic_n ship_n and_o eminence_n of_o merchant_n next_o to_o london_n itself_o and_o else_o in_o my_o opinion_n second_o to_o none_o taunton_n of_o taunton_n the_o town_n of_o taunton_n be_v a_o corporation_n govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n and_o 24_o of_o the_o society_n be_v situate_a in_o a_o very_a fruitful_a valley_n between_o 2_o hill_n one_o of_o the_o hill_n be_v 4_o mile_n off_o the_o town_n on_o the_o south_n the_o other_o 2_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o town_n on_o the_o north._n in_o the_o town_n be_v 2_o parish_n church_n st_o marry_o magdalen_n and_o st._n james_n and_o in_o these_o parish_n be_v 700_o dwellinghouse_n and_o upward_o be_v full_o inhabit_v and_o very_o populous_a through_o which_o parish_n run_v a_o great_a river_n of_o freshwater_n call_v tone_n into_o which_o run_v divers_a small_a rivulet_n before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o town_n this_o town_n be_v encompass_v round_o within_o 5_o mile_n with_o 32_o parish_n which_o be_v very_o populous_a market-town_n near_o it_o be_v bridgwater_n a_o haven_n market-town_n 7_o milâ—s_n off_o chard_n a_o market-town_n 8_o mile_n wellington_n a_o market-town_n 5_o mile_n stoy_n a_o market_n town_n 9_o mile_n wilvescome_n a_o market-town_n 7_o mile_n ilminster_n a_o market-town_n 8_o mile_n from_o this_o town_n in_o the_o town_n there_o be_v 32_o mercer_n and_o draper_n also_o smith_n shoemaker_n wool_n comber_n weaver_n fuller_n goldsmith_n and_o tailor_n with_o other_o of_o manual_a occupation_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o considerable_a number_n the_o chief_a commodity_n that_o it_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v at_o present_a mix_v serge_n and_o white_a serge_n in_o the_o town_n and_o place_n adjacent_a make_v of_o clean_a wool_n out_o of_o which_o be_v send_v to_o london_n and_o other_o place_n every_o week_n 700_o piece_n and_o upward_o the_o town_n be_v furnish_v with_o wool_n in_o former_a time_n from_o ireland_n but_o now_o little_a come_v from_o thence_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n but_o at_o this_o instant_n what_o this_o fruitful_a valley_n be_v full_a of_o pasture_n do_v not_o afford_v be_v supply_v with_o wool_n from_o the_o north_n viz._n buckingham_n oxford_n warwick_z and_o leicester_n shire_n beside_o here_o be_v make_v a_o sort_n of_o bay_n call_v taunton_n bays_n for_o make_v of_o which_o serge_n and_o bay_n aforesaid_a be_v keep_v at_o work_n weekly_o 8500._o the_o yard_n ell_n and_o bushel_n be_v according_a to_o the_o standard_n and_o measure_n of_o winchester_n the_o measure_n in_o the_o market_n for_o corn_n be_v the_o peck_n 4_o peck_v to_o the_o bushel_n which_o be_v 8_o gallon_n agree_v with_o winchester_n in_o the_o town_n be_v no_o port_n but_o 17_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n north_n be_v a_o port_n call_v minhead_n with_o a_o sure_a key_n where_o may_v ride_v 30_o ship_n of_o 60_o tun_n and_o downward_o also_o another_o port_n 12_o mile_n
especial_o to_o spain_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o west_n indies_n the_o stocking_n here_o vend_v may_v in_o time_n of_o free_a trade_n be_v estimate_v at_o 60000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o be_v not_o under_o any_o company_n or_o government_n but_o be_v here_o put_v out_o to_o knit_v by_o certain_a citizen_n bring_v up_o thereto_o and_o so_o send_v up_o to_o london_n to_o their_o factor_n which_o sell_v they_o to_o merchant_n who_o transport_v they_o to_o spain_n france_n portugal_n the_o advancement_n of_o these_o manufacture_n be_v peace_n and_o free_a trade_n with_o those_o nation_n whither_o they_o be_v export_v and_o the_o chief_a prejudice_n to_o the_o maker_n of_o these_o manufacture_n be_v the_o decay_n of_o sheep_n by_o the_o rot_n and_o casualty_n and_o the_o suffer_v our_o wool_n to_o be_v export_v unwrought_a into_o holland_n and_o other_o place_n the_o country_n hereabout_o afford_v great_a quantity_n of_o sheep_n and_o coney_n and_o be_v well_o store_v with_o corn_n of_o all_o sort_n especial_o barley_n which_o be_v here_o convert_v into_o malt_n whereof_o in_o former_a time_n great_a quantity_n have_v be_v lend_v to_o london_n and_o scotland_n all_o grain_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o score_n which_o be_v 20_o coom_n every_o coomes_n be_v 4_o bushel_n and_o have_v 1_o coomes_n allow_v to_o every_o score_n as_o in_o measure_n or_o courtesy_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n both_o dry_a and_o wet_a here_o use_v and_o other_o thing_n enquirable_a according_a to_o the_o article_n of_o instruction_n not_o herein_o before_o express_v be_v agreeable_a and_o do_v correspond_v with_o london_n 20_o cambridge_n 20_o cambridgeshire_n be_v the_o 20._o which_o be_v find_v to_o abound_v in_o corn_n and_o wherein_o be_v see_v the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n and_o ely_n famous_a for_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n 21_o huntingdon_n 21_o huntingtonshire_n be_v the_o 21._o the_o chief_a town_n be_v huntingdon_n 22_o northamp_n 22_o northamptonshire_n be_v the_o 22._o abound_v in_o corn_n peterborough_n be_v here_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o northampton_n the_o chief_a city_n 23._o leicester_n 23._o leicestershire_n be_v the_o 23._o abound_v in_o corn_n leicester_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v more_o famous_a for_o the_o antiquity_n than_o for_o the_o beauty_n thereof_o 24._o rutland_z 24._o rutlandshire_n be_v the_o 24._o and_o account_v the_o least_o county_n in_o this_o kingdom_n uppinham_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n 25._o lincoln_n 25._o lincolnshire_n be_v the_o 25_o rich_a in_o corn_n and_o pasture_n abound_v in_o fish_n and_o fowl_n lincoln_n once_o a_o great_a city_n be_v yet_o the_o great_a in_o this_o county_n 20._o nottingh_n 20._o nottinghamshire_n be_v the_o 26._o wherein_o be_v nottingham_n the_o chief_a town_n and_o the_o forest_n of_o sherwood_n seed_v many_o fallow_a and_o red_a deer_n 27._o derby_n 27._o darbyshire_n be_v the_o 27._o the_o chief_a city_n be_v derby_n famous_a for_o the_o ale_n thereof_o in_o this_o county_n be_v many_o mine_n of_o lead_n and_o other_o mineral_n 28._o warwick_z 28._o warwickshire_n be_v the_o 28._o wherein_o be_v find_v warwick_n the_o chief_a town_n and_z coventry_z a_o fair_a wall_a city_n and_o account_v the_o fair_a inland_a city_n of_o this_o island_n wherein_o no_o great_a quantity_n of_o cloth_n be_v make_v 29_o worcester_z 29_o worcestershire_n be_v the_o 29._o wherein_o be_v sound_v the_o city_n of_o worcester_n famous_a now_o for_o clothe_v and_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n 30._o stafford_z 30._o staffordshire_n be_v the_o 30._o which_o afford_v salt-pit_n and_o well_n and_o coal_n take_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n stone_n and_o lichfield_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n in_o this_o county_n 31_o shropshire_n 31_o shropshire_n be_v the_o 31._o wherein_o be_v find_v ludlow_n of_o more_o beauty_n than_o antiquity_n honour_v with_o a_o council_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o wales_n and_o a_o palace_n for_o the_o prince_n thereof_o shrewsbury_n the_o chief_a of_o this_o county_n much_o enrich_v by_o their_o trade_n for_o cotton_n and_o frize_n with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o welsh_a who_o yet_o notwithstanding_o they_o great_o affect_v not_o 32._o chester_n 32._o cheshire_n be_v the_o 32._o abound_v in_o pasture_n and_o excellent_a cheese_n hence_o transport_v throughout_o england_n it_o have_v chester_n for_o the_o chief_a city_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi 33._o hereford_n 33._o herefordshire_n be_v the_o 33._o and_o boast_v to_o be_v for_o its_o fertility_n and_o abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n the_o first_o shire_n in_o england_n hereford_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n and_o lemster_n just_o boast_v of_o the_o sheep_n wool_n feed_v in_o those_o ground_n with_o which_o no_o part_n of_o europe_n can_v equalise_v 34._o yorkshire_n 34._o yorkshire_n be_v the_o 34._o and_o large_a county_n in_o all_o england_n abound_v in_o corn_n pasture_n and_o meadow_n yield_v clothing_n by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o abundance_n york_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n and_o the_o second_o in_o england_n also_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n here_o be_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n hold_v for_o the_o neighbour_a march_n like_o that_o of_o ludlow_n in_o this_o county_n be_v also_o the_o town_n of_o hull_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n humber_n where_o be_v find_v merchant_n of_o good_a quality_n and_o here_o be_v also_o the_o castle_n of_o scarborough_n where_o in_o the_o adjoin_a sea_n be_v the_o great_a fish_n find_v annual_o for_o herring_n 35_o richmond_z 35_o richmond_n be_v the_o 35._o in_o which_o be_v find_v mountain_n to_o yield_v plentiful_o lead_v pit_n coal_n and_o some_o brass_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v call_v richmond_n 36_o durham_n 36_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n be_v the_o 36._o pleasant_a in_o meadow_n pasture_n and_o grove_n and_o abound_v in_o sea-coal_n which_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n durham_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n 37_o lancashire_n 37_o lancashire_n be_v the_o 37._o wherein_o be_v manchester_n a_o old_a town_n enrich_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o cloth_n of_o linen_n and_o woollen_a the_o city_n of_o lancaster_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o shire_n 38._o westmerl_n 38._o westmoreland_n be_v the_o 38._o the_o chief_a town_n whereof_o be_v kendal_n famous_a for_o make_v of_o woollen_a cloth_n 39_o cumberlan_n 39_o cumberland_n be_v the_o 39_o afford_v mine_n of_o brass_n and_o some_o vein_n of_o silver_n and_o black_a lead_n in_o abundance_n also_o there_o be_v make_v much_o linen_n cloth_n in_o this_o county_n carlisle_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n where_o they_o be_v late_o set_v to_o the_o make_n of_o dimity_n which_o may_v in_o time_n prove_v a_o very_a considerable_a manufacture_n here_o be_v find_v apparent_a ruin_n of_o that_o wall_n which_o the_o roman_n build_v to_o keep_v out_o the_o pict_n from_o make_v incursion_n upon_o the_o britain_n be_v as_o it_o seem_v then_o so_o poor_a that_o they_o care_v not_o to_o subdue_v they_o 40_o northumb._n 40_o northumberland_n be_v the_o 40._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o sea-town_n of_o newcastle_n which_o afford_v such_o abundance_n of_o sea-coal_n that_o the_o same_o be_v thence_o transport_v into_o many_o kingdom_n of_o the_o world_n berwick_n berwick_n here_o be_v also_o berwick_n one_o of_o the_o strong_a fortify_v town_n of_o england_n former_o strengthen_v against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o scot_n by_o a_o strong_a garrison_n of_o soldier_n and_o now_o dismiss_v by_o the_o happy_a union_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n the_o measure_v use_v in_o morpeth_n 12_o mile_n beyond_o newcastle_n for_o hard_a corn_n viz._n wheat_n rye_n pease_n and_o bean_n be_v the_o bowl_n contain_v 2_o bushel_n every_o bushel_n make_v 2_o caning_n a_o caning_n make_v 2_o peck_v every_o peck_n 2_o houp_n each_o houp_n 4_o four_o part_n this_o morpeth_n bole_n make_v 3_o bushel_n or_o the_o bowl_n and_o half_a of_o the_o hard_a corn_n bole_n of_o newcastle_n there_o be_v another_o bowl_n use_v for_o barley_n there_o call_v big_a and_o oat_n which_o be_v big_a than_o the_o former_a bowl_n by_o one_o five_o part_n the_o bowl_n of_o alnwick_n 12_o mile_n beyond_o morpeth_n for_o hard_a corn_n contain_v a_o morpeth_n bole_n and_o a_o houp_n or_o 1_o 10_o part_n more_o the_o bowl_n for_o oat_n with_o the_o alnwick_n charity_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o be_v a_o houp_n make_v the_o bowl_n for_o big_n and_o oat_n of_o morpeth_n their_o bowl_n for_o big_n be_v less_o than_o the_o morpeth_n bowl_n for_o big_a 1_o 8_o part_n the_o bowl_n of_o wool_n 20_o mile_n beyond_o alnwick_n for_o all_o corn_n be_v big_a than_o that_o of_o alnwick_n by_o â…›_n part_n or_o a_o peck_n the_o measure_n for_o salt_n all_o the_o county_n over_o be_v the_o same_o wales_n shire_n of_o wales_n have_v thus_o
weight_n and_o how_o they_o agree_v together_o and_o have_v calculate_v most_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o book_n to_o the_o hundred_o subtle_a i_o will_v also_o show_v here_o how_o the_o 112_o l._n be_v find_v to_o respound_v with_o some_o other_o country_n as_o be_v the_o weight_n common_a in_o use_n among_o merchant_n and_o in_o note_n of_o commodity_n observe_v abroad_o europa_n the_o 112_o l._n london_n marselia_n 125_o l._n venetia_n subtle_a 164_o l._n venetia_n gross_a 104_o l._n sicilia_n 62_o l._n lisbon_n 100_o l._n florence_n 143_o l._n anvers_n 106_o l._n lion_n 118_o l._n sevil_n 110_o l._n dantzick_n 129_o l._n bruges_n 112_o l._n asia_n africa_n the_o 112_o l._n london_n aleppo_n 22⅛_n rot._n aleppo_n silk_n 24_o rot._n tripoli_n suria_n 27½_n rot._n tripoli_n barbaria_n 97_o rot._n alexandria_n zata_n 519_o rot._n alexandria_n forfar_n 116_o rot._n scio_fw-la and_o constantinople_n 101_o rot._n rhodes_n 20._o 4_o rot._n acria_n 18._o 1_o rot._n babylonia_n 15._o 6_o m._n balsola_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ormus_n 108._o 7_o l._n i_o need_v not_o further_o enlarge_v myself_o herein_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o table_n find_v in_o this_o book_n whereby_o the_o say_a weight_n of_o 112_o l._n may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v to_o any_o eminent_a place_n of_o the_o world_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o our_o english_a gold_n and_o silver_n be_v weigh_v and_o value_v by_o the_o pound_n troy_n i_o shall_v here_o follow_v insert_v how_o the_o same_o concur_v and_o agree_v with_o most_o of_o the_o eminent_a city_n in_o the_o world_n in_o their_o coin_n both_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n country_n troy_n weight_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n compare_v with_o other_o country_n it_o be_v observe_v then_o in_o most_o country_n abroad_o as_o with_o we_o in_o england_n that_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v coin_v and_o mint_v by_o a_o peculiar_a weight_n only_o proper_a thereunto_o which_o in_o many_o great_a city_n and_o country_n of_o trade_n i_o have_v purposely_o omit_v that_o i_o may_v both_o facilitate_v this_o my_o labour_n and_o in_o one_o place_n reduce_v they_o together_o to_o the_o pound_n troy_n use_v especial_o to_o that_o purpose_n in_o england_n therefore_o if_o i_o prove_v here_o somewhat_o the_o large_a it_o be_v but_o what_o the_o seriousness_n and_o due_a circumstance_n of_o the_o matter_n require_v the_o weight_n then_o use_v in_o this_o case_n in_o england_n be_v the_o pound_n troy_n and_o that_o which_o be_v in_o use_n in_o most_o other_o country_n be_v the_o mark_n which_o as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v i_o will_v here_o abbreviate_v now_o this_o pound_n troy_n consist_v of_o 12_o ounce_n and_o the_o ounce_n of_o 20_o penny_n weight_n and_o the_o penny_n weight_n of_o 24_o grain_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o these_o abovesaid_a pound_n be_v use_v for_o the_o standard_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o antwerp_n 112_o mark_n each_o mark_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 20_o penny_n weight_n 1_o peny_n weight_n 32_o grain_n alder_n 86_o l._n  _fw-fr cairo_n 105⅓_n bess_n  _fw-fr ancona_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr aquila_n 79½_n l._n  _fw-fr ausburg_n 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr bavaria_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr bohemia_n 99_o mark_n  _fw-fr catalonia_n 112½_n mark_n  _fw-fr colen_n 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr constantinople_n 99_o mark_n  _fw-fr crema_fw-la 116_o mark_n 1_o mark_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o gross_v 1_o gross_a be_v 3_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n dantzick_n 118½_n mark_n florence_n 158½_n mark_n frankford_n 118_o mark_n friburg_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr genoa_n for_o gold_n 130_o mark_n 1_o mark_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n 24_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n genoa_n for_o silver_n 86½_n pound_n 1_o pound_n be_v 12_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 24_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n hungary_n 99_o mark_n  _fw-fr lipsick_a 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr lion_n 126_o mark_n 1_o mark_n in_o france_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o gross_v 1_o gross_a be_v 3_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n paris_n idem_fw-la 126_o mark_n milan_n 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr narsigna_n 97_o mark_n  _fw-fr naples_n 86½_n pound_n 1_o pound_n naples_n be_v 12_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o octavos_fw-la persia_n 98_o mains_fw-fr  _fw-fr peris_fw-la 99½_n cillat_n  _fw-fr piedmont_n 111_o mark_n  _fw-fr mosen_n 118_o mark_n a_o mark_n of_o mesen_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 24_o denier_n 1_o denier_n or_o penny_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 24_o momenta_fw-la or_o grain_n saxony_n idem_fw-la 118_o mark_n burgas_n 120_o mark_n  _fw-fr franconia_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr norimberg_n 116_o mark_n 1_o mark_v norimberg_n be_v 16_o loot_n 1_o loot_z be_v 4_o quint_v 1_o quint_n be_v 4_o penny_n prime_n or_o numuly_n 1_o penny_n be_v 4_o sesterce_n turkey_n 98_o mark_n  _fw-fr turin_n 111_o mark_n  _fw-fr vicentia_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr vienna_n 98_o mark_n  _fw-fr new_a spain_n america_n 98½_n mark_n  _fw-fr spain_n in_o general_n 121_o mark_n 1_o mark_v spanish_n be_v 50_o castilianos_fw-la 1_o castiliano_fw-mi be_v 8_o tomines_n 1_o tominos_n be_v 8_o grain_n and_o this_o mark_n be_v 29700_o mark_n or_o 873½_n rial_n or_o 792_o ducat_n treviso_n 117_o mark_n  _fw-fr ulme_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr weselburg_n 115_o  _fw-fr venice_n 116½_n mark_n 1_o mark_v venice_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 4_o quart_n or_o silices_fw-la 1_o quarta_fw-la 36_o carrat_n or_o siliquas_fw-la 1_o carrot_fw-la be_v 4_o grain_n verona_n rome_n 116½_n mark_n 1_o mark_v roman_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o dram_n 1_o dram_n be_v 3_o scruple_n 1_o scruple_n be_v a_o obolos_fw-la 1_o obolo_fw-la be_v 3_o siliquas_fw-la 1_o siliqua_fw-la be_v 4_o grain_n or_o primi_fw-la lisbon_n 121_o mark_v 1_o mark_v portugal_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o octavos_fw-la 1_o octavo_n be_v 4½_n grain_n these_o be_v all_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o coin_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n that_o i_o have_v meet_v withal_o and_o the_o particular_n whereto_o the_o say_v weight_n be_v distinguish_v which_o may_v be_v so_o far_o needful_a to_o the_o traffic_n of_o country_n that_o thereby_o every_o merchant_n stranger_n may_v know_v of_o what_o goodness_n and_o real_a value_n those_o coin_n be_v stamp_v and_o coin_v for_o and_o what_o the_o same_o will_v yield_v and_o afford_v he_o in_o his_o own_o city_n or_o place_n of_o residence_n part_n weight_n use_v in_o physic_n and_o their_o part_n upon_o this_o troy-weight_n do_v also_o depend_v in_o physic_n all_o drug_n and_o simple_n administer_v by_o way_n of_o potion_n which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v among_o physician_n be_v thus_o distinguish_v into_o part_n one_o sesquilibra_n be_v 1½_n pound_n or_o 18_o ounce_n one_o pound_n be_v 2_o selibra_fw-la or_o 12_o ounce_n one_o selibra_fw-la be_v 2_o quadrant_n or_o 6_o ounce_n one_o quadran_n be_v a_o ¼_n of_o a_o l._n or_o 3_o ounce_n one_o sescuntia_n be_v 1½_n ounce_n or_o 12_o dram_n one_o ounce_n be_v 8_o dram_n one_o dram_n be_v 3_o scruple_n or_o 60_o grain_n one_o scruple_n be_v 20_o grain_n one_o obolus_fw-la be_v ⅛_n of_o a_o scruple_n or_o 10_o grain_n sterling_a the_o reduction_n of_o some_o foreign_a current_a coin_n to_o the_o engl._n sterling_a now_o according_a to_o this_o agreement_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n i_o will_v here_o reduce_v the_o ralue_n of_o some_o foreign_a coin_n to_o the_o english_a sterling_a the_o crown_n of_o camera_n of_o rome_n be_v sterling_a 00_o l._n 07_o s._n 0_o d._n the_o sol_n of_o genoa_n be_v sterling_a 00_o 01_o 6._o the_o ducat_n of_o venice_n of_o 6_o l._n 4_o sols_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 04_o 6._o the_o ducat_n of_o naples_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 04_o 9_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n of_o florence_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 06_o 0_o the_o 20_o sol_n of_o milan_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 01_o 0._o the_o carlin_n of_o cicilia_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 3._o the_o solemnize_n of_o gross_a of_o antwerp_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 7¼_n the_o lyre_n of_o valentia_n barselona_n and_o saragosa_n be_v  _fw-fr 05_o 6._o the_o lyre_n or_o frank_n of_o france_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 02_o 0._o the_o florin_n of_o turin_n and_o savoy_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 3⅜_n the_o 34_o marvede_n or_o single_a royal_a of_o spain_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 06_o 0._o the_o 40_o res_fw-it of_o lisbon_n in_o portugal_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 6._o the_o lyre_n of_o bologna_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 01_o 3½_n the_o crown_n of_o lucca_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 05_o 9_o the_o florin_n of_o noremberg_n and_o frankford_n sterling_a  _fw-fr 3_o 4._o the_o chequin_n of_o turkey_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 7_o 10._o where_o note_n that_o in_o europe_n the_o exchange_n ever_o make_v the_o
adventurer_n of_o london_n hold_v the_o same_o proportion_n in_o the_o jotegrity_n of_o their_o deal_n and_o in_o the_o squareness_n of_o their_o performance_n with_o both_o the_o aforenamed_a their_o excellent_a government_n and_o their_o ancient_a order_n preserve_v and_o maintain_v be_v every_o where_o both_o applaud_v and_o commend_v the_o city_n of_o hamburgh_n rotterdam_n and_o other_o in_o the_o notherlands_n by_o their_o submissive_a seek_v for_o their_o residence_n and_o their_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n grant_v they_o during_o that_o time_n be_v a_o sure_a testimony_n that_o speak_v their_o welcome_a every_n where_o and_o a_o assure_a token_n of_o that_o city_n decay_n that_o with_o leave_v from_o england_n they_o furnish_v they_o with_o clothes_n of_o sundry_a shire_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n monthly_a as_o by_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o navigation_n they_o find_v it_o needful_a and_o proper_a to_o their_o traffic_n and_o from_o thence_o furnish_v england_n with_o tapestry_n diaper_n cambric_n holland_n lawn_n hops_n mather_n steel_n rhenish_a wine_n and_o many_o other_o manufacture_n as_o blade_n stuff_n soap_n latin_a wire_n and_o plate_n and_o here_o also_o this_o nation_n be_v account_v the_o most_o current_a and_o merchant-like_a nation_n that_o traffic_v or_o have_v any_o commerce_n among_o they_o company_n the_o eastland_n and_o moscovia_n company_n the_o east_n country_n merchant_n and_o the_o moscovia_n company_n do_v also_o challenge_v a_o part_n in_o this_o great_a trade_n of_o england_n and_o add_v some_o perfection_n to_o the_o traffic_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n nor_o do_v their_o fair_a deal_v there_o come_v behind_o any_o of_o their_o fellow-citizen_n nor_o be_v they_o less_o esteem_v than_o any_o other_o foreign_a nation_n there_o resident_a they_o export_v hence_o principal_o cloth_n at_o the_o best_a commodity_n also_o tin_n lead_v with_o some_o spice_n of_o india_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o return_v thence_o ash_n claphoard_a copper_n deal_v rich_a fur_n mast_n pipe-stave_n rye_n tunber_n wainscot_n wheat_n fustian_n iron_n latin_n linen_n mather_n quicksilver_n flax_n hemp_n steel_n caviar_n cordage_n hides_n honey_n tar_n ropes_n tallow_n pitch_n wax_n rosin_n and_o sundry_a other_o merchant_n the_o french_a merchant_n what_o shall_v i_o say_v to_o the_o french_a company_n the_o greenland_n company_n the_o merchant_n trade_v into_o spein_n barbary_n guiney_n benyn_n italy_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n but_o that_o they_o also_o challenge_v a_o great_a interest_n in_o the_o traffic_n of_o this_o city_n and_o kingdom_n for_o the_o french_a merchant_n carry_v hence_o english_a clothes_n kersey_n bay_n gall_n silk_n and_o cotton_n of_o turkey_n and_o for_o the_o same_o return_n buckram_n canvas_n card_n glass_n grain_n linen_n salt_n claret_n and_o white_a wine_n woad_n oil_n almond_n pepper_n some_o silk_n stuff_v and_o some_o other_o petty_a manufacture_n merchant_n the_o spanish_a merchant_n the_o merchant_n trade_v into_o spain_n carry_v hence_o bay_n sesse_n serges_n perpetuane_n lead_v tin_n herring_n pilchard_n salmon_n newland-fish_n calf-skin_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n and_o in_o return_n furnish_v england_n with_o wine_n of_o xere_n malaga_n bastard_n candado_fw-es and_o alicant_n rosin_n olive_n oil_n sugar_n soap_n anniseed_n liquorish_a soda_fw-it barilla_o pate_n and_o sundry_a west_n india_n commodity_n neither_o have_v spanish_a and_o portugal_n any_o ill_a opinion_n of_o the_o deal_v and_o traffic_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n for_o though_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n they_o have_v the_o best_a conceit_n and_o opinion_n of_o their_o own_o greatness_n and_o punctual_a worth_n and_o have_v of_o late_o change_v the_o name_n of_o mercador_fw-es into_o cergador_fw-es how_o improper_a i_o refer_v to_o their_o own_o language_n yet_o account_v they_o the_o english_a next_z to_o themselves_o the_o principal_a and_o fair_a deal_v merchant_n in_o the_o world_n company_n the_o italian_a company_n the_o merchant_n of_o england_n trade_v to_o naples_n sicilia_n genoa_n legorn_v and_o venice_n etc._n etc._n which_o here_o i_o term_v italy_n be_v not_o observe_v to_o have_v any_o joint-stock_n or_o company_n yet_o to_o the_o honour_n and_o benefit_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o city_n transport_v hence_o bay_n sesse_n serges_n perpetuane_n kersey_n lead_v tin_n cloth_n and_o many_o other_o native_a commodity_n beside_o pepper_n indigo_n clove_n and_o other_o indian_a commodity_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o for_o return_n have_v clothes_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n satin_n velvet_n taffeta_n plush_n tabin_n damask_n allom_n oil_n glass_n aniseed_n rice_n venice_n gold_n and_o silver_n great_a quantity_n of_o raw_a silk_n of_o sundry_a sort_n and_o divers_a other_o commodity_n and_o here_o likewise_o all_o other_o nation_n willing_o give_v place_n to_o the_o english_a as_o the_o principal_a merchant_n that_o either_o abide_v among_o they_o or_o negotiate_v with_o they_o i_o need_v not_o insist_v here_o upon_o the_o relicl_n of_o that_o famous_a barbary_n trade_n nor_o yet_o mention_v the_o petty_a adventure_n of_o the_o english_a to_o guniney_n and_o benny_n though_o otherwise_o they_o be_v concurrent_a to_o the_o traffic_n of_o this_o nation_n neither_o go_v about_o to_o particularize_v the_o large_a traffic_n of_o this_o island_n to_o their_o plantation_n of_o newfoundland_n summer-island_n virginia_n barbadoes_n and_o new-england_n and_o to_o other_o place_n which_o right_o challenge_v a_o interest_n in_o the_o present_a trade_n and_o traffic_n of_o this_o kingdom_n therefore_o omit_v what_o may_v be_v further_o say_v in_o this_o point_n and_o have_v thus_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o island_n in_o particular_a and_o show_v the_o commodity_n export_v and_o import_v by_o every_o note_a company_n and_o society_n i_o shall_v now_o speak_v a_o word_n concern_v the_o navigation_n of_o this_o nation_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o main_a and_o principal_a mean_n by_o which_o this_o traffic_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v preserve_v unto_o they_o at_o this_o day_n europe_n the_o navigation_n of_o the_o english_a famous_a throughout_o europe_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o look_v back_o into_o former_a age_n nor_o trouble_v myself_o to_o search_v after_o old_a record_n that_o express_v the_o worth_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n at_o sea_n in_o old_a time_n it_o suffice_v i_o to_o understand_v and_o know_v that_o these_o present_a time_n wherein_o we_o live_v be_v not_o any_o way_n inferior_a in_o this_o point_n to_o the_o former_a nor_o the_o real_a value_n nor_o valour_n of_o the_o english_a any_o way_n decay_v or_o alter_v from_o its_o former_a ancient_a greatness_n to_o its_o present_a splendour_n what_o they_o have_v do_v let_v history_n remember_v and_o what_o they_o now_o do_v let_v the_o world_n witness_n and_o testify_v throughout_o europe_n what_o creek_n or_o port_n in_o europe_n have_v they_o not_o seek_v out_o and_o find_v nay_o how_o many_o of_o they_o have_v fight_v against_o hunger_n cold_a and_o all_o extremity_n to_o find_v new_a northern_a passaget_n to_o the_o southern_a region_n america_n in_o america_n and_o though_o the_o south_n sea_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o america_n be_v at_o this_o day_n debar_v to_o they_o and_o their_o navigation_n yet_o their_o will_n herein_o be_v more_o bound_v to_o their_o prince_n pleasure_n in_o a_o faithful_a obedience_n to_o his_o treaty_n of_o peace_n with_o that_o don_n that_o challenge_v those_o vast_a country_n than_o any_o way_n in_o fear_n of_o his_o greatness_n or_o his_o naval_a power_n by_o sea_n as_o may_v witness_v their_o attempt_n navigation_n and_o plantation_n in_o many_o part_n of_o that_o country_n not_o limit_v or_o forbid_v by_o that_o treaty_n africa_n in_o africa_n as_o for_o their_o navigation_n to_o africa_n begin_v at_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n and_o so_o sail_v to_o tunis_n argier_n and_o ceuta_n and_o thence_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o guiney_n and_o benyn_n to_o cape_n bona_n esperansa_n then_o to_o mombasa_n melinda_n brava_n cape_n guard_v fuy_v and_o into_o the_o red-sea_n gulf_n and_o tell_v i_o where_o it_o be_v that_o they_o have_v not_o be_v or_o what_o place_n or_o port_n be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o they_o asia_n in_o asia_n and_o if_o you_o survey_v the_o maritime_a shore_n of_o asia_n and_o begin_v at_o sue_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a gulf_n and_o so_o to_o aclon_n dieu_fw-fr cambaia_n ormus_n surat_n goa_n cochin_n mesulapatam_n pegu_n camboi_n cauch_n china_n maocau_n and_o to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o china_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o japan_n and_o cathay_n and_o all_o the_o adjacent_a island_n they_o have_v all_o be_v for_o many_o year_n both_o well_o acquaint_v to_o our_o seaman_n and_o not_o unfrequented_a by_o our_o merchant_n and_o trader_n and_o for_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o euxine_a and_o the_o other_o part_n of_o asia_n comprise_v from_o thence_o by_o constantinople_n to_o scanderoon_n and_o so_o to_o alexandria_n every_o week_n bring_v we_o tiding_n of_o the_o
make_v a_o livre_fw-fr or_o pound_n and_o 12_o denier_n or_o pence_n make_v a_o soldo_n or_o shilling_n the_o same_o rule_n also_o hold_v in_o those_o place_n who_o great_a money_n be_v imaginary_a and_o feign_a or_o who_o keep_v not_o this_o orderly_a succession_n as_o be_v the_o ducat_n of_o catalonia_n of_o castilia_n of_o rome_n and_o of_o pertugal_n also_o those_o crown_n who_o have_v no_o proper_a part_n also_o the_o ducatoon_n in_o what_o country_n soever_o and_o the_o florm_n in_o germany_n all_o these_o i_o say_v which_o ought_v to_o succeed_v in_o 20_o and_o 12_o that_o be_v in_o sold_n and_o den._n or_o shilling_n and_o penny_n and_o each_o of_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v account_v according_a to_o the_o property_n of_o that_o country_n and_o as_o shall_v be_v signify_v in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o follow_a table_n of_o that_o place_n among_o which_o there_o be_v some_o which_o be_v common_o resolve_v by_o the_o more_o principal_a of_o their_o own_o money_n as_o the_o exchange_n of_o sicily_n with_o catalonia_n castilia_n portugal_n brabant_n and_o england_n and_o howsoever_o they_o make_v their_o exchange_n either_o by_o the_o sicilian_a florin_n or_o by_o the_o ducat_n notwithstanding_o the_o parcel_n be_v resolve_v in_o ounce_n tarin_n grain_n and_o pichols_n which_o be_v thorough_o declare_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n and_o last_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o term_n and_o day_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v find_v in_o many_o country_n to_o differ_v in_o length_n of_o time_n and_o be_v limit_v of_o divers_a day_n and_o that_o the_o rate_n â—…sing_v and_o fall_v of_o exchange_n have_v a_o course_n set_v by_o a_o continual_a meeting_n of_o exchanger_n and_o their_o opinion_n in_o equality_n of_o value_n i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o insert_v the_o same_o with_o some_o other_o needful_a circumstance_n of_o this_o art_n of_o exchange_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o table_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o learn_v where_o also_o he_o shall_v find_v at_o large_a how_o most_o of_o these_o exchange_n be_v cast_v up_o and_o reckon_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o now_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o table_n themselves_o as_o i_o find_v they_o calculate_v by_o the_o say_v geo_n bapt._n zuletta_n and_o other_o follow_v he_o chap._n cclxxvii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n a_o place_n of_o fair_n or_o fiera_n of_o exchange_n in_o italy_n placentia_n the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n this_o town_n be_v consider_v as_o a_o fair_a or_o staple_n of_o exchange_n and_o not_o as_o a_o city_n of_o trafficle_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o esteem_n make_v of_o the_o current_a money_n of_o the_o place_n but_o only_o of_o that_o which_o be_v make_v by_o exchange_v which_o be_v crown_n of_o mark_n in_o which_o money_n banker_n and_o exchanger_n do_v only_o treat_v and_o account_v in_o and_o the_o same_o be_v hold_v by_o crown_n sell_v and_o denier_n of_o mark._n and_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_n here_o in_o use_n it_o give_v the_o entire_a and_o whole_a sum_n to_o all_o other_o place_n be_v either_o crown_v one_o or_o crown_n one_o hundred_o placentia_n do_v exchange_n with_o lion_n crown_n 100_o for_o 96¾_n crown_v rome_n crown_v 100_o 99½_n ducat_n genova_n crown_n 1_o 67._o 10_o sol._n of_o gold_n milan_n crown_n 1_o 134._o 9_o sol._n venice_n crown_v 100_o 130_o ducat_n florence_n crown_v 100_o 109½_n crown_n lucca_n crown_v 100_o 116¾_n ducatoon_n naples_n crown_n 1_o 134_o grain_n lechi_n crown_n 1_o 135½_n grain_n bari_n crown_n 1_o 135_o grain_n palermo_n crown_n 1_o 29_o carlins_n mesina_n crown_n 1_o 29¼_n carlins_n antw._n &_o col._n crown_n 1_o 128_o gross_v london_n crown_n 1_o 81½_n d._n sterl_n valentia_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sold._n saragosa_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sol._n 6_o den._n barcelona_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sol._n 4_o den._n siv_n al._n med._n crown_n 1_o 432_o marvede_n lisbon_n crown_n 1_o 482_o raise_v bologna_n crown_n 1_o 119_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n crown_n 1_o 118¾_n ducatoon_n frankford_n crown_n 1_o 103½_n quarentins_n in_o the_o 382._o chapter_n the_o reader_n may_v find_v how_o these_o exchange_n be_v cast_v up_o and_o calculate_v chap._n cclxxviii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n paris_n and_o roven_n in_o france_n etc._n the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n etc._n etc._n in_o lion_n paris_n roven_n and_o through_o all_o france_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sol_n denier_n and_o turnois_n and_o they_o here_o do_v exchange_n in_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o denier_n of_o the_o sun_n this_o livre_fw-fr be_v also_o call_v in_o some_o place_n of_o france_n a_o frank_n and_o 3_o livre_n or_o frank_n be_v account_v for_o the_o say_a crown_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o crown_n of_o italy_n by_o a_o decree_n and_o standard_n of_o the_o country_n pass_v at_o 58_o sol._n of_o the_o say_a crown_n and_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_v it_o give_v the_o entire_a and_o whole_a sum_n or_o number_n either_o one_o crown_n or_o one_o hundred_o crown_n of_o the_o sol._n lion_n do_v exchange_v with_o placentia_n crown_n 100_o for_o 103½_n crown_v rome_n crown_v 100_o 99½_n ducat_n genova_n crown_n 1_o 66½_n sol._n of_o gold_n milan_n crown_n 1_o 115_o sol._n venice_n crown_v 100_o 116¾_n duc._n bank_n florence_n crown_v 100_o 106½_n crown_n lucca_n crown_n 100_o 117½_n ducatoon_n naples_n crown_n 1_o 124_o grain_n lechi_n crown_n 1_o 122½_n grain_n bari_n crown_n 1_o 123_o grain_n palermo_n crown_n 1_o 29½_n carlins_n mesina_n crown_n 1_o 29½_n carlins_n antw_n &_o col._n crown_n 1_o 96_o gross_n london_n crown_n 1_o 62_o penny_n sterl_n valentia_n crown_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 10_o den._n saragosa_n crown_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 8_o den._n barcelona_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sol._n siv_n al._n med._n crown_n 1_o 436_o marvede_n lisbon_n crown_n 1_o 485_o raise_v bologna_n crown_n 100_o 119½_n ducatoon_n bergamo_n crown_v 100_o 119â…•_n ducatoon_n frankford_n crown_n 1_o 104_o quarentins_n vide_fw-la chap._n 302._o and_o so_o follow_v of_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o this_o place_n chap._n cclxxix_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o rome_n in_o italy_n rome_n the_o exchange_n of_o rome_n in_o rome_n the_o banker_n and_o exchanger_n keep_v their_o account_n in_o crown_n julios_fw-la bacochs_n and_o quatrin_n and_o they_o exchange_n in_o ducat_n sol_n and_o denier_n of_o camera_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o abovesard_n money_n be_v worth_a 10_o julios_fw-la or_o 100_o bacoch_n or_o else_o 400_o quatrin_n the_o julio_n be_v 10_o bacoch_n or_o else_o 40_o quatrin_n and_o the_o bacoch_n be_v 4_o quatrin_n the_o ducat_n of_o camera_n according_a to_o the_o old_a value_n be_v worth_a 2½_n per_fw-la cent._n more_o than_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n so_o that_o 100_o ducat_n be_v 102½_n crown_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_n among_o merchant_n the_o place_n give_v the_o break_a number_n to_o all_o italy_n except_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o sicilia_n bologna_n and_o bergamo_n and_o to_o all_o other_o 〈◊〉_d give_v the_o whole_a number_n which_o be_v either_o one_o ducat_n or_o by_o a_o 100_o ducat_n rome_n do_v exchange_n with_o placentia_n ducat_n 97¾_n for_o 100_o crown_n lion_n ducat_n 97½_n 100_o crown_n genoa_n ducat_n 97â…›_n 100_o crown_n of_o gold_n milan_n ducat_n 97¼_n 100_o crown_n of_o gold_n venice_n ducat_n 85â…“_n 100_o ducat_n florence_z ducat_n 91¾_n 100_o crown_n lucca_n ducat_n 84_o 100_o ducatoon_n naples_n ducat_n 100_o 135_o ducat_n lechi_n ducat_n 100_o 134â…”_n ducat_n bari_n ducat_n 100_o 134½_n ducat_n palermo_n ducat_n 1_o 14_o 15_o tarin_n mesina_n ducat_n 1_o 14_o 17_o tarin_n antw._n &_o col._n ducat_n 1_o 125_o gross_v london_n ducat_n 1_o 87½_n d._n sterling_a valentia_n ducat_n 1_o 24_o 2_o sol._n saragosa_n ducat_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 8_o denier_n barcelona_n ducat_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 10_o denier_n siv_n al._n med._n ducat_n 1_o 440_o marvede_n lisbon_n ducat_n 1_o 482_o ray_n bologna_n ducat_n 100_o 119_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n ducat_n 100_o 119½_n ducatoon_n frankford_n ducat_n 1_o 103_o quarentins_n vide_fw-la how_o these_o be_v calculate_v chap._n 326._o and_o so_o follow_v chap._n cclxxx_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o genova_n the_o metropolis_n of_o liguria_n genova_n the_o exchange_n of_o genova_n in_o genova_n exchanger_n keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n current_n and_o they_o exchange_v in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n of_o gold_n the_o money_n current_n be_v it_o that_o be_v the_o common_a in_o use_n of_o which_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n be_v worth_a sol._n 90._o and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v worth_n less_o the_o money_n of_o gold_n be_v imaginary_a and_o value_v according_a as_o the_o fair_n of_o exchange_n permit_v of_o which_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n be_v always_o worth_a 68_o sol._n in_o the_o custom_n of_o
of_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n in_o general_a of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n five_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n five_o to_o make_v these_o table_n complete_a and_o the_o rule_n of_o these_o exchange_n to_o be_v true_o and_o right_o understand_v it_o be_v observable_a that_o as_o all_o exchange_n have_v a_o settle_a rate_n and_o price_n by_o which_o the_o taker_n take_v and_o the_o giver_n by_o covenant_n give_v it_o so_o be_v there_o likewise_o a_o certain_a positive_a term_n and_o time_n limit_v wherein_o and_o at_o which_o day_n expire_v the_o factor_n of_o the_o taker_n or_o his_o assign_v repay_v the_o covenant_v sum_n to_o the_o factor_n or_o assign_v of_o the_o giver_n thereof_o which_o term_n oâ—_n time_n be_v of_o differ_a space_n of_o day_n prefix_v the_o common_a term_n or_o time_n by_o which_o all_o bill_n in_o exchange_n be_v make_v be_v find_v usual_o to_o be_v five_o which_o be_v first_o at_o sight_n of_o the_o bill_n second_o at_o usance_n three_o at_o double_a usance_n fourthly_a at_o half_a usance_n five_o at_o mart_n fair_n etc._n etc._n which_o five_o term_n in_o exchange_n be_v thus_o understand_v sight_n 1._o at_o sight_n first_o then_o at_o sight_n or_o so_o many_o day_n after_o sight_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v so_o long_a a_o term_n or_o time_n as_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n will_v be_v after_o the_o delivery_n go_v to_o that_o place_n where_o it_o be_v covenant_v that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v pay_v and_o upon_o the_o show_n and_o sight_n thereof_o or_o at_o so_o many_o day_n after_o as_o be_v specify_v therein_o it_o must_v be_v pay_v and_o answer_v according_o usance_n 2._o at_o usance_n second_o at_o usance_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v of_o a_o different_a term_n and_o space_n of_o time_n sometime_o consist_v of_o 8_o day_n as_o from_o rome_n to_o naples_n sometime_o of_o 10_o day_n as_o from_o genova_n to_o rome_n sometime_o of_o 30_o day_n as_o from_o london_n to_o roven_n to_o antwerp_n to_o middleburgh_n to_o amsterdam_n and_o so_o to_o other_o place_n sometime_o of_o 60_o day_n or_o two_o month_n as_o from_o london_n to_o hamburgh_n from_o antwerp_n to_o rome_n and_o to_o venice_n and_o to_o florence_n to_o naples_n to_o palermo_n and_o so_o to_o other_o place_n sometime_o again_o usance_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v 90_o day_n or_o three_o month_n as_o from_o london_n to_o venice_n florence_n naples_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o several_a custom_n of_o the_o say_v distant_a several_a place_n where_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v make_v and_o ever_o account_v from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o say_a bill_n usance_n 3._o at_o double_a usance_n three_o at_o double_a usance_n which_o consider_v the_o say_a place_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v double_a the_o former_a space_n of_o single_a usance_n be_v either_o of_o 8_o 10_o 30_o 60_o or_o 90_o day_n double_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v and_o account_v also_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o say_a bill_n usance_n 4._o at_o half_a usance_n four_o at_o half_a usance_n this_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v half_o the_o abovesaid_a limit_a term_n or_o time_n according_a as_o as_o i_o say_v before_o to_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o that_o place_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v and_o account_v also_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n mart_n 5._o at_o fair_n and_o mart_n five_o at_o mart_n or_o fair_n which_o by_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n be_v call_v la_fw-fr fiera_fw-fr and_o this_o space_n of_o time_n for_o payment_n of_o bill_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v at_o some_o certain_a day_n account_v for_o fair_n in_o the_o say_a place_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v to_o be_v payable_a as_o be_v find_v in_o placentia_n quarterly_a four_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o like_v observe_v general_o in_o lion_n and_o in_o castille_n at_o three_o time_n of_o the_o year_n account_v as_o in_o three_o bank_n 1._o i_o alas_o fieras_n de_fw-fr vilaleon_n 2._o de_fw-fr medina_n del_fw-it campo_n 3._o de_fw-fr medina_n del_fw-it rio_n sicco_fw-it which_o place_n be_v as_o public_a mart_n whereunto_o merchant_n do_v use_v to_o give_v and_o take_v sometime_o to_o benefit_n themselves_o by_o exchange_n as_o in_o the_o abovesaid_a place_n and_o sometime_o to_o buy_v commodity_n and_o supply_v their_o occasion_n as_o be_v use_v twice_o a_o year_n for_o some_o mart_n in_o germany_n as_o i_o have_v touch_v more_o large_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o say_a city_n chap._n ccci_o how_o the_o rate_n and_o price_n in_o exchange_n be_v settle_v settle_v how_o the_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o exchanger_n be_v settle_v the_o next_o thing_n considerable_a yet_o to_o be_v handle_v for_o the_o explanation_n of_o these_o table_n of_o exchange_n be_v the_o rate_n and_o price_n itself_o for_o see_v that_o so_o many_o merchant_n of_o great_a eminence_n who_o estate_n be_v continual_o traverse_v from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o and_o from_o one_o coin_n to_o another_o do_v daily_o and_o constant_o give_v and_o take_v as_o their_o occasion_n and_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o exchange_n conduce_v to_o their_o profit_n it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o their_o great_a purse_n shall_v prescribe_v the_o rule_n and_o rate_v thereto_o which_o be_v see_v so_o various_o to_o alter_v and_o daily_o to_o rise_v and_o fall_v by_o the_o continual_a current_n of_o those_o and_o other_o that_o use_v this_o mystery_n yet_o notwithstanding_o not_o find_v that_o they_o have_v any_o determinate_a power_n or_o stroke_n in_o give_v the_o price_n thereto_o though_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o such_o have_v a_o conduce_v hand_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o may_v be_v â—ound_v that_o their_o opinion_n concur_v with_o the_o universal_a opinion_n of_o the_o rest_n interest_v in_o this_o mystical_a body_n of_o exchange_n and_o therefore_o to_o explain_v myself_o it_o may_v fit_o here_o be_v demand_v how_o those_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v set_v and_o then_o continue_v or_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o same_o be_v see_v so_o frequent_o to_o vary_v and_o alter_v in_o foreign_a part_n whereto_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o banker_n in_o italy_n spain_n and_o france_n be_v now_o a_o day_n find_v to_o be_v the_o only_a great_a taker_n and_o deliverer_n of_o money_n have_v at_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n of_o exchange_n in_o the_o principal_a place_n aforesaid_a as_o namely_o aâ—_n lion_n in_o france_n madrid_n and_o in_o other_o place_n of_o spain_n florence_n genova_n venetia_n and_o such_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n a_o constant_a meeting_n and_o there_o by_o certain_a ticket_n in_o writing_n deliver_v every_o man_n his_o opinion_n what_o the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n ought_v to_o be_v for_o all_o place_n then_o exchange_v for_o the_o next_o fair_a or_o time_n of_o payment_n in_o every_o the_o say_a place_n and_o according_a to_o the_o same_o the_o calculation_n be_v cast_v up_o by_o the_o medium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o there_o be_v seven_o or_o more_o voice_n or_o ticket_n the_o say_v seven_o be_v add_v together_o and_o the_o seven_o part_n be_v the_o medium_n and_o if_o there_o be_v ten_o than_o the_o ten_o be_v cast_v up_o the_o ten_o part_n be_v the_o medium_n and_o so_o for_o great_a or_o lesser_a number_n according_o wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o banker_n do_v observe_v how_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n lie_v by_o exchange_n how_o the_o occasion_n of_o prince_n may_v help_v or_o hinder_v either_o by_o great_a receipt_n or_o great_a disbursement_n how_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o negotiator_n and_o merchant_n be_v concurrent_a and_o effective_a and_o therein_o they_o be_v find_v to_o concur_v in_o set_v the_o say_a rate_n and_o price_n for_o their_o own_o commodity_n and_o advantage_n and_o from_o this_o spring_n be_v observe_v to_o rise_v the_o main_a ocean_n of_o all_o the_o exchange_n of_o christendom_n in_o which_o this_o our_o country_n of_o england_n have_v but_o a_o small_a share_n as_o be_v only_o a_o branch_n derive_v from_o the_o principal_a channel_n chap._n cccii_o of_o the_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n two_o of_o the_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n which_o be_v two_o the_o next_o thing_n observable_a here_o be_v the_o loss_n and_o gain_n accrue_v by_o these_o exchange_n practise_v among_o merchant_n to_o distinguish_v which_o and_o for_o the_o find_v out_o the_o reality_n thereof_o every_o giver_n or_o taker_n appli_v his_o study_n to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a and_o real_a par_fw-fr of_o exchange_n whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_v both_o what_o the_o gain_n and_o loss_n be_v and_o who_o be_v gainer_n and_o who_o be_v the_o loser_n now_o this_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n may_v be_v
here_o proper_o in_o the_o general_a say_v to_o be_v of_o two_o distinct_a kind_n the_o one_o as_o appertain_v to_o the_o state_n and_o prince_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o profit_n and_o loss_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o merchant_n or_o exchanger_n and_o appertain_v to_o the_o profit_n and_o loss_n of_o his_o private_a estate_n and_o interest_n the_o first_o i_o hold_v proper_a and_o fit_v the_o knowledge_n of_o counsellor_n and_o statesman_n and_o the_o other_o be_v proper_a and_o fit_a the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o trading-merchant_n the_o find_v out_o of_o both_o which_o parson_n in_o exchange_n be_v thus_o par._n 1._o prince_n par._n the_o first_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n which_o i_o term_v here_o the_o prince_n par_fw-fr or_o the_o sovereign_n value_n for_o value_v be_v ground_v upon_o the_o weight_n fineness_n and_o valuation_n of_o the_o money_n of_o each_o several_a kingdom_n city_n or_o place_n the_o several_a standard_n thereof_o so_o equal_o proportion_v so_o true_o and_o just_o by_o the_o art_n of_o the_o mint_n rectify_v that_o each_o prince_n his_o coin_n in_o exchange_n may_v have_v its_o due_a allowance_n according_a to_o the_o goodness_n and_o fineness_n coarsness_n and_o badness_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o herein_o to_o make_v and_o to_o settle_v this_o abovenamed_a par_n exact_o betwixt_o one_o kingdom_n and_o another_o we_o be_v to_o examine_v and_o compare_v not_o only_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o our_o own_o coin_n as_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o but_o also_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o those_o of_o other_o prince_n and_o country_n with_o the_o real_a proportion_n that_o happen_v therein_o not_o only_o between_o our_o own_o gold_n and_o silver_n but_o also_o between_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o other_o country_n this_o examination_n comparison_n and_o proportion_n due_o right_o and_o real_o examine_v compare_v and_o proportion_v and_o no_o difference_n inequality_n or_o disproportion_n find_v or_o admit_v therein_o then_o may_v our_o exchange_n run_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o price_n and_o rate_n both_o for_o gold_n and_o silver_n take_v the_o denomination_n according_a to_o the_o valuation_n of_o the_o money_n of_o each_o country_n and_o kingdom_n hereby_o find_v how_o much_o fine_a silver_n or_o gold_n our_o own_o pound_n sterling_a contain_v and_o what_o quantity_n of_o other_o money_n either_o of_o france_n italy_n germany_n netherlands_o eastland_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n be_v to_o have_v in_o exchange_n to_o countervail_v the_o same_o in_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n answerable_a to_o our_o own_o be_v it_o by_o the_o pound_n dollar_n ducat_n crown_n or_o any_o other_o real_a or_o imaginary_a coin_n give_v always_o a_o value_n for_o value_v and_o receive_v the_o like_a which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a consequence_n depend_v thereon_o i_o here_o call_v the_o prince_n his_o par_n in_o the_o exchange_n of_o his_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n with_o other_o country_n and_o kingdom_n par._n 2._o merchant_n par._n the_o second_o par_n i_o call_v the_o merchant_n or_o exchanger_n par_n in_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o be_v ground_v partly_o upon_o the_o sovereign_n or_o prince_n par_n abovementioned_a but_o principal_o upon_o the_o current_a value_n of_o the_o say_a coin_n the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n thereof_o the_o rise_n and_o fall_v inhansement_n and_o debasement_n of_o the_o same_o and_o therefore_o such_o merchant_n as_o be_v exchanger_n do_v endeavour_n by_o certain_a rule_n of_o exchange_n to_o equalise_v the_o valuation_n of_o the_o money_n of_o one_o prince_n or_o country_n with_o another_o and_o therefore_o every_o man_n that_o deliver_v his_o money_n in_o one_o country_n or_o place_n to_o have_v it_o in_o another_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v ever_o curious_a to_o understand_v either_o the_o loss_n or_o gain_n that_o come_v thereof_o which_o be_v only_o and_o proper_o distinguish_v by_o the_o knowledge_n and_o find_v out_o this_o par_fw-fr aforementioned_a for_o find_v out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o he_o that_o remit_v to_o know_v either_o by_o his_o own_o advice_n judgement_n or_o otherwise_o how_o much_o the_o crown_n dollar_n ducat_n or_o pound_v whence_o he_o remit_v be_v worth_a in_o the_o place_n whither_o he_o will_v make_v his_o remittance_n unto_o as_o for_o example_n have_v money_n in_o lion_n in_o france_n which_o i_o will_v remit_v for_o antwerp_n i_o ought_v to_o know_v how_o much_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n be_v real_o worth_a in_o antwerp_n as_o presuppose_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n of_o 67_o sol_n or_o 3_o l._n 7_o sols_n turnâ—…_n be_v worth_a by_o exchange_n according_a to_o the_o course_n thereof_o 100_o gross_v there_o i_o will_v then_o know_v what_o a_o real_a crown_n of_o 60_o sol_n or_o 3_o l._n turnois_n the_o crown_n wherein_o exchange_n be_v make_v be_v worth_a multiply_a and_o divide_v as_o the_o rule_n require_v it_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v sols_n 89_o â—…_n 67_o gross_n which_o be_v indeed_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o crown_n if_o then_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v make_v for_o less_o than_o 89_o â—…_n 67_o gross_n per_fw-la crown_n of_o 3_o l._n turnois_n there_o be_v a_o loss_n thereby_o and_o if_o for_o more_o there_o be_v a_o gain_n thereby_o so_o that_o it_o be_v hereby_o evident_a that_o 89_o â—7_n 67_o gross_a be_v the_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n between_o these_o two_o country_n in_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o in_o the_o gross_a of_o antwerp_n the_o which_o rule_n may_v serve_v as_o a_o example_n in_o remittance_n for_o all_o other_o place_n for_o it_o be_v not_o otherwise_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o any_o positive_a rule_n can_v be_v set_v down_o herein_o consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o species_n which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o daily_o rise_v and_o fall_v and_o the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n which_o every_o day_n according_a to_o present_v occasion_n likewise_o alter_v find_v to_o be_v sometime_o at_o one_o rate_n and_o sometime_o at_o another_o and_o this_o par_n be_v the_o matter_n whereupon_o all_o merchant_n exchange_n for_o profit_n and_o loss_n be_v ground_v and_o be_v the_o par_fw-fr or_o value_v for_o value_n which_o in_o this_o follow_a tract_n i_o principal_o and_o fundamental_o aim_v at_o now_o the_o last_o thing_n considerable_a in_o this_o place_n and_o now_o to_o be_v observe_v be_v the_o method_n form_n and_o manner_n how_o the_o account_n of_o these_o divers_a exchange_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o be_v between_o one_o merchant_n and_o another_o cast_v up_o and_o calculate_v which_o indeed_o principal_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o pen_n and_o hand_n of_o the_o arithmetician_n which_o as_o a_o necessary_a adjunct_n and_o needful_a furtherance_n to_o the_o mystery_n of_o exchange_v i_o have_v hereto_o insert_v and_o have_v herein_o pitch_v upon_o the_o principal_a place_n here_o mention_v willing_o omit_v the_o least_o and_o rest_n of_o they_o have_v fit_v to_o such_o as_o i_o have_v conceive_v the_o most_o worthy_a apt_a question_n and_o their_o solution_n from_o one_o town_n or_o city_n to_o another_o with_o the_o denomination_n of_o their_o several_a account_n and_o species_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o brief_a calculation_n thereof_o and_o the_o short_a proof_n of_o each_o prescribe_a rule_n and_o position_n add_v for_o conclusion_n to_o each_o general_a city_n of_o exchange_n some_o example_n of_o order_n and_o commission_n give_v and_o receive_v in_o draught_n and_o remittance_n make_v according_a to_o the_o common_a custom_n and_o use_n of_o the_o place_n omit_v some_o other_o principal_a point_n wherein_o i_o may_v have_v enlarge_v both_o this_o matter_n and_o subject_n that_o the_o ingedious_a head_n and_o hand_n of_o the_o learner_n may_v have_v room_n and_o scope_n to_o work_v upon_o according_a either_o to_o his_o desire_n capacity_n or_o inclination_n chap_n ccciii_o of_o example_n upon_o the_o exchange_n practise_v at_o lion_n and_o how_o the_o the_o same_o be_v calculate_v lion_n example_n upon_o exchange_n in_o lion_n i_o have_v former_o note_v that_o the_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n at_o lion_n be_v only_o in_o use_n four_o time_n a_o year_n which_o be_v first_o 1._o the_o payment_n of_o roys_n begin_v the_o 6_o of_o march_n after_o their_o style_n and_o continue_v the_o rest_n of_o that_o month._n 2._o the_o payment_n of_o pasque_n or_o easter_n the_o 6_o of_o june_n 4._o the_o payment_n of_o august_n the_o 6_o of_o september_n 4._o the_o payment_n of_o all-saint_n the_o 6_o of_o december_n lion_n the_o custom_n of_o acceptation_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o lion_n the_o acceptance_n of_o all_o bill_n of_o exchange_n here_o be_v always_o make_v the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o month_n of_o each_o payment_n which_o acceptance_n hold_v in_o themselves_o both_o a_o promise_n and_o
of_o commodity_n and_o of_o weight_n ibid._n coin_n of_o sundry_a country_n use_v in_o traffic_n of_o merchandize_v 5_o coin_n make_v of_o silver_n and_o gold_n ibid._n a_o capital_a crime_n to_o debase_v or_o alter_v any_o prince_n coin_n ibid._n cargos_n in_o weight_n what_o 6_o cain_n the_o inventor_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n 8_o all_o city_n of_o trade_n have_v swear_v and_o public_a measure_n ibid._n of_o commodity_n use_v in_o merchandize_v and_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o 9_o all_o commodity_n be_v either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a ibid._n all_o commodity_n know_v by_o the_o sensce_n ibid._n all_o coin_n bring_v into_o one_o by_o exchange_v 10_o castilia_n aurea_fw-la 13_o chilo_n ibid._n cuba_n ibid._n caffaria_n 27_o cape_n bona_fw-la speransa_fw-la ibid._n carro_n 29._o and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 31_o casir_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n 29_o captus_fw-la ibid._n caffa_n in_o the_o euxine_a sea_n ibid._n cilicia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 42_o colloso_n 46_o cappadocia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 51_o celosyria_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 61_o colcos_n 67_o caldea_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 69_o cabin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 76_o cusestam_fw-la 77_o cusan_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 78_o caramania_n ibid._n carriage_n of_o commodity_n by_o caravan_n 81_o capha_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v the_o coin_n weight_n measure_n and_o account_n thereof_o 85_o cathay_n and_o the_o province_n 86_o cambalu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 87_o cannor_n 88_o and_o the_o trade_n 92_o cambaia_n 88_o canora_fw-la ibid._n camboia_n ibid._n cauchinchina_n ibid._n cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 90_o shall_fw-mi and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 92_o cochin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ibid._n calicut_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ibid._n coast_n of_o cormandle_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 93_o custom_n in_o india_n for_o debtor_n 94_o china_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 98_o commodity_n of_o china_n ibid._n clove_n in_o abundance_n in_o molluccos_fw-la 103_o celebs_fw-la island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v coin_n weight_n etc._n etc._n thereof_o 107_o cyprus_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v commodity_n coin_n weight_n measure_n 108_o cartagena_n 114_o castilia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v exchange_n coin_n weight_n measure_n 116_o catalonia_n 118_o callais_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 132_o champaign_n ibid._n callabria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 140_o crema_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 157_o cremona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 166_o como_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 167_o cambray_n 179_o charlemont_n ibid._n collen_n and_o the_o ride_z thereof_o 185_o cleveland_n ibid._n coin_n in_o general_a of_o germany_n 206_o coin_n of_o stoad_n hamburg_n and_o lubeck_n ibid._n coin_n of_o embden_n breme_n edenburg_n brunswick_n mainburg_n lipsick_a upper_a germany_n bohemia_n switzerland_n ibid._n copenhagen_n 210._o and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 211_o candroa_n in_o moscovia_n 219_o cracovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 223_o coninburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 226_o corn-measure_n of_o eastland_n reduce_v to_o that_o of_o sundry_a other_o country_n 231_o croatia_n 236_o corono_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 239_o catarro_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 240_o coranto_n ancient_o corinth_n a_o famous_a mart_n in_o morea_n 245_o constantinople_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 247_o coos_n island_n 249_o c_o 〈◊〉_d in_o island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 251_o cerigo_n island_n ibid._n cursolari_fw-la island_n ibid._n corfu_n island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 235_o corsica_n island_n 258_o callary_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 259_o capre_a island_n 261_o cadis_fw-la or_o gades_n ibid._n conaught_n in_o ireland_n 263_o four_o circuit_n in_o wales_n 268_o cornwall_n 269_o cambridgshire_n ibid._n cheshire_n ibid._n cumberland_n ibid._n canarvanshire_n ibid._n cardiganshire_n ibid._n caermarthenshire_n ibid._n six_o circuit_n in_o england_n ibid._n city_n of_o exchange_n in_o europe_n 273_o collen_n exchange_n 290_o the_o captain_n of_o mosambick_a the_o great_a merchant_n of_o that_o coast._n 28_o d._n description_n of_o country_n conduce_v to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n 1_o division_n of_o the_o world_n into_o four_o part_n ibid._n distance_n of_o place_n how_o find_v out_o ibid._n duty_n of_o build_v a_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o shipwright_n 2_o duty_n of_o ship_n provision_n belong_v to_o owner_n and_o out-reader_n ibid._n duty_n of_o sail_v a_o ship_n belong_v to_o navigator_n ibid._n duty_n of_o employ_v of_o ship_n belong_v to_o merchant_n ibid._n denarius_fw-la how_o call_v 5_o the_o best_a way_n of_o account_n be_v by_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n 7_o divers_a country_n have_v a_o diversity_n in_o their_o measure_n 8_o decay_a commodity_n what_o 9_o damietta_n 29_o damascus_n and_o the_o trade_n contain_v the_o coin_n weight_n measure_n commodity_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n 62_o derbent_n 73_o dellia_n 88_o dieu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o and_o of_o that_o coast_n and_o the_o commodity_n 89_o damain_n in_o india_n 92_o custom_n in_o india_n for_o debtor_n 94_o the_o dutch_a fort_n and_o trade_n in_o amboina_fw-la island_n 103_o denia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 118_o dolphin_n 127_o duke_n of_o florence_n a_o great_a merchant_n 159_o dry_a measure_n of_o several_a city_n in_o the_o levant_n sea_n compare_v 161_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n 164_o dunkirk_n 179_o douai_n ibid._n delft_n ibid._n dort_n ibid._n danubius_n river_n 182_o dresden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 199_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n 210_o dithmar_n in_o denmark_n ibid._n dantsick_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 224_o dacia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 235_o dalmatia_n 236_o delos_n or_o delphos_n 249_o dublin_n the_o metropolis_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 264_o four_o diocese_n in_o wales_n 268_o devonshire_n 269_o dorsetshire_n ibid._n derbyshire_n ibid._n durham_n ibid._n denbighshire_n ibid._n declaration_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n 274_o doublevsance_n what_o 299_o account_n of_o discount_n use_v in_o lion_n and_o elsewhere_o 305_o day_n and_o night_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o latitude_n 1_o e._n aequinoctial_a what_o 1_o europe_n and_o its_o bound_n latitude_n and_o longitude_n ibid._n eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n when_o see_v ibid._n exchange_v the_o three_o manner_n of_o commutation_n 2_o exchange_v draw_v into_o a_o profitable_a art_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o ibid._n thing_n considerable_a in_o exchange_v ibid._n esterlin_n money_n in_o england_n 5_o of_o exchange_n in_o general_n use_v by_o merchant_n 10_o the_o excellency_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n ibid._n the_o exchanger_n rectifi_v the_o disorder_n of_o mint_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o price_n ibid._n estotiland_n 12_o aethiopia_n and_o the_o province_n 26_o elephant_n tooth_n 27_o egypt_n and_o the_o province_n 29_o the_o trade_n of_o egypt_n in_o time_n past_a ibid._n egypt_n weight_v compare_v with_o other_o 34_o euphesus_fw-la 44_o eolis_n the_o first_o merchant_n 46_o ephrates_n 54_o three_o excellency_n in_o casbin_n 76_o exendu_fw-fr and_o the_o largeness_n thereof_o 87_o the_o english_a the_o last_o trader_n into_o india_n 107_o english_a consul_n at_o cyprus_n 108_o europe_n and_o the_o kingdom_n thereof_o 110_o escurial_n 115_o english_a subjection_n at_o blois_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o gerond_n 124_o english_a hall_n in_o roven_n for_o wool_n 126_o east-frisland_n 182_o embden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 183_o elsmore_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 212_o elbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 225_o epidaurus_n 245_o epirus_n 246_o the_o english_a the_o great_a trader_n of_o any_o christian_n into_o constantinople_n 247_o mount_v aetna_n in_o sicilia_n 256_o elba_n island_n 261_o edinburgh_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 266_o essex_n 269_o east-india_n merchant_n of_o london_n their_o original_n 270_o eastland_n merchant_n their_o original_n ibid._n of_o exchange_n in_o general_a with_o the_o method_n and_o manner_n thereof_o as_o practise_v in_o christendom_n 273_o exchange_v place_n ibid._n what_o exchange_n be_v etc._n etc._n ibid._n declaration_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n 274_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n 276_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n paris_n 277_o the_o exchange_n of_o rome_n 278_o the_o exchange_n of_o genoa_n 279_o exchange_n of_o milan_n 280_o exchange_n of_o venice_n 281_o exchange_n of_o florence_n 282_o exchange_n of_o lucca_n 283_o exchange_n of_o naples_n 284_o exchange_n of_o leccy_n 285_o exchange_n of_o barry_n 286_o exchange_n of_o palermo_n 287_o exchange_n of_o mesina_n 288_o exchange_n of_o antwerp_n and_o collen_n 289_o exchange_n of_o london_n 290_o exchange_n of_o valentia_n 291_o exchange_n of_o saragosa_n 292_o exchange_n of_o barselona_n 293_o exchange_n of_o sevil_n alcala_n medina_n del_fw-it campo_fw-it in_o castilia_n 294_o exchange_n of_o lisbon_n 295_o exchange_n of_o bolonia_n 296_o exchange_n of_o bergamo_n 297_o exchange_n of_o frankfort_n norimberg_n augusta_n vienna_n 298_o how_o the_o rate_n and_o
trade_n vacation_n as_o it_o be_v very_o commendable_a to_o know_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o other_o in_o their_o place_n so_o it_o be_v a_o great_a shame_n to_o be_v ignorant_a in_o the_o duty_n of_o our_o own_o vacation_n the_o love_n and_o service_n of_o our_o country_n consist_v not_o so_o much_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o duty_n which_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o other_o as_o in_o the_o skilful_a practice_n of_o that_o which_o be_v do_v by_o ourselves_o and_o therefore_o my_o son_n it_o be_v now_o fit_a that_o i_o say_v something_o of_o the_o merchant_n which_o i_o hope_v in_o due_a time_n shall_v be_v thy_o vocation_n yet_o herein_o be_v my_o thought_n free_a from_o all_o ambition_n although_o i_o rank_v thou_o in_o a_o place_n of_o so_o high_a estimation_n for_o the_o merchant_n be_v worthy_o call_v the_o steward_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v stock_n by_o way_n of_o commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n a_o work_n of_o no_o less_o reputation_n than_o trust_v which_o ought_v to_o be_v perform_v with_o great_a skill_n and_o conscience_n that_o so_o the_o private_a gain_n may_v ever_o accompany_v the_o public_a good_n and_o because_o the_o nobleness_n of_o this_o profession_n may_v the_o better_o stir_v up_o thy_o desire_n and_o endeavour_n to_o obtain_v those_o ability_n which_o may_v effect_v it_o worthy_o i_o will_v brief_o set_v down_o the_o excellent_a quality_n which_o be_v require_v in_o a_o perfect_a merchant_n 1._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o good_a penman_n a_o good_a arithmetician_n and_o a_o good_a accountant_a by_o that_o noble_a order_n of_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n which_o be_v use_v only_o among_o merchant_n also_o to_o be_v expert_a in_o the_o order_n and_o form_n of_o charter-party_n bill_n of_o lade_n invoice_n contract_n bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o policy_n of_o insurance_n 2._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v the_o measure_n weight_n and_o money_n of_o all_o foreign_a country_n especial_o where_o we_o have_v trade_n and_o the_o money_n not_o only_o by_o their_o several_a denomination_n but_o also_o by_o their_o intrinsic_a value_v in_o weight_n and_o fineness_n compare_v with_o the_o standard_n of_o this_o kingdom_n without_o which_o he_o can_v well_o direct_v his_o affair_n 3._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v the_o custom_n toll_n tax_n imposition_n conduct_n and_o other_o charge_n upon_o all_o manner_n of_o merchandise_n export_v or_o import_v to_o and_o from_o the_o say_v foreign_a country_n 4._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v in_o what_o several_a commodity_n each_o country_n abound_v and_o what_o be_v the_o ware_n which_o they_o want_v and_o how_o and_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o the_o same_o 5._o he_o ought_v to_o understand_v and_o to_o be_v a_o diligent_a observer_n of_o the_o rate_n of_o exchange_n by_o bill_n from_o one_o state_n to_o another_o whereby_o he_o may_v the_o better_o direct_v his_o affair_n and_o remit_v over_o and_o receive_v home_o his_o money_n to_o the_o most_o advantage_n possible_a 6._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v what_o good_n be_v prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v or_o import_v in_o the_o say_v foreign_a country_n lest_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v incur_v great_a danger_n and_o loss_n in_o the_o order_n of_o his_o affair_n 7._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v upon_o what_o rate_n and_o condition_n to_o freight_n his_o ship_n and_o ensure_v his_o adventure_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o and_o to_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o law_n order_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o insurance-office_n both_o here_o and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o many_o accident_n which_o may_v happen_v upon_o the_o damage_n or_o loss_n of_o ship_n or_o good_n or_o both_o 8._o he_o ought_v to_o have_v knowledge_n in_o the_o goodness_n and_o in_o the_o price_n of_o all_o the_o several_a material_n which_o be_v require_v for_o the_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o ship_n and_o the_o divers_a workmanship_n of_o the_o same_o as_o also_o for_o the_o mast_n tackle_n cordageâ—_n ordnance_n victual_n munition_n and_o provision_n of_o many_o kind_n together_o with_o the_o ordinary_a wage_n of_o commander_n officer_n and_o mariner_n all_o which_o concern_v the_o merchant_n as_o he_o be_v a_o owner_n of_o ship_n 9_o he_o ought_v by_o the_o divers_a occasion_n which_o happen_v sometime_o in_o the_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o one_o commodity_n and_o sometime_o in_o another_o to_o have_v indifferent_a if_o not_o perfect_a knowledge_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o erchandze_n or_o ware_n which_o be_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o man_n of_o all_o occupation_n and_o trade_n 10._o he_o ought_v by_o his_o voyage_n on_o the_o sea_n to_o become_v skilful_a in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n 11._o he_o ought_v as_o he_o be_v a_o traveller_n and_o sometime_o abide_v in_o foreign_a country_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o speak_n of_o divers_a language_n and_o to_o be_v a_o diligent_a observer_n of_o the_o ordinary_a revenue_n and_o expense_n of_o foreign_a prince_n together_o with_o their_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n their_o law_n custom_n policy_n manner_n religion_n art_n and_o the_o like_a to_o be_v able_a to_o give_v account_n thereof_o in_o all_o occasion_n for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o country_n 12._o last_o although_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o such_o a_o merchant_n shall_v be_v a_o great_a scholar_n yet_o be_v it_o at_o least_o require_v that_o in_o his_o youth_n he_o learn_v the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o will_v the_o better_o enable_v he_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o endeavour_n thus_o have_v i_o briefl_o show_v thou_o a_o pattern_n for_o thy_o diligence_n the_o merchant_n in_o his_o quality_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v such_o and_o so_o many_o that_o i_o find_v no_o other_o profession_n which_o lead_v into_o more_o worldly_a knowledge_n and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o their_o sufficiency_n do_v appear_v likewise_o in_o the_o excellent_a government_n of_o state_n at_o venice_n luca_n genova_n florence_n the_o low-countries_n and_o divers_a other_o place_n of_o christendom_n and_o in_o those_o state_n also_o where_o they_o be_v least_o esteem_v yet_o be_v there_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n often_o use_v by_o those_o who_o sit_v in_o the_o high_a place_n of_o authority_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o act_n beyond_o rashness_n in_o some_o who_o disenable_a their_o counsel_n and_o judgement_n even_o in_o book_n print_v make_v they_o uncapable_a of_o those_o way_n and_o mean_n which_o do_v either_o enrich_v or_o empoverish_v a_o common_a wealth_n when_o in_o truth_n this_o be_v only_o effect_v by_o the_o mystery_n of_o their_o trade_n as_o i_o shall_v plain_o show_v in_o that_o which_o follow_v it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o many_o merchant_n here_o in_o england_n find_v less_o encouragement_n give_v to_o their_o profession_n than_o in_o other_o country_n and_o see_v themselves_o not_o so_o well_o esteem_v as_o their_o noble_a vocation_n require_v and_o according_a to_o the_o great_a consequence_n of_o the_o same_o do_v not_o therefore_o labour_v to_o attain_v unto_o the_o excellency_n of_o their_o profession_n neither_o be_v it_o practise_v by_o the_o nobility_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o state_n from_o the_o father_n to_o the_o son_n throughout_o their_o generation_n to_o their_o great_a increase_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o maintenance_n of_o their_o name_n and_o family_n virtue_n there_o be_v more_o honour_n and_o profit_n in_o a_o industrious_a life_n than_o in_o a_o great_a inheritance_n which_o waste_v for_o want_v of_o virtue_n whereas_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o rich_a merchant_n be_v sudden_o extinguish_v the_o son_n be_v leave_v rich_a scorn_v the_o profession_n of_o his_o father_n conceive_v more_o honour_n to_o be_v a_o gentleman_n although_o but_o in_o name_n to_o consume_v his_o estate_n in_o dark_a ignorance_n and_o excess_n than_o to_o follow_v the_o step_v of_o his_o father_n as_o a_o industrious_a merchant_n to_o maintain_v and_o advance_v his_o fortune_n but_o now_o leave_v the_o merchant_n praise_n we_o will_v come_v to_o his_o practice_n or_o at_o least_o to_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o concern_v the_o bring_n of_o treasure_n into_o the_o kingdom_n chap._n ii_o the_o mean_n to_o enrich_v this_o kingdom_n and_o to_o increase_v our_o treasure_n although_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v enrich_v by_o gift_n receive_v or_o by_o purchase_n take_v from_o some_o other_o nation_n yet_o these_o be_v thing_n uncertain_a and_o of_o small_a consideration_n when_o they_o happen_v treasure_n foreign_a trade_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o our_o treasure_n the_o ordinary_a mean_n therefore_o to_o increase_v our_o wealth_n and_o treasure_n be_v by_o foreign_a trade_n wherein_o we_o must_v ever_o observe_v this_o rule_n to_o sell_v more_o to_o stranger_n yearly_a than_o we_o consume_v of_o they_o in_o value_n for_o suppose_v that_o when_o this_o kingdom_n be_v plentiful_o
likewise_o of_o our_o own_o natural_a wealth_n may_v advance_v much_o yearly_a to_o be_v export_v unto_o stranger_n and_o if_o in_o our_o raiment_n we_o will_v be_v prodigal_a yet_o let_v this_o be_v do_v with_o our_o own_o material_n and_o manufacture_n as_o cloth_n lace_n embroidery_n cut-work_n and_o the_o like_a where_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o rich_a may_v be_v the_o employment_n of_o the_o poor_a who_o labour_n notwithstanding_o of_o this_o kind_n will_v be_v more_o profitable_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n if_o they_o be_v do_v to_o the_o use_n of_o stranger_n 6._o the_o fish_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v our_o natural_a wealth_n and_o will_v cost_v nothing_o but_o labour_n which_o the_o dutch_a bestow_v willing_o and_o thereby_o draw_v yearly_a a_o very_a great_a profit_n to_o themselves_o by_o serve_v many_o place_n of_o christendom_n with_o our_o fish_n for_o which_o they_o return_v and_o supply_v their_o want_n both_o of_o foreign_a ware_n and_o money_n beside_o the_o multitude_n of_o mariner_n and_o ship_n which_o hereby_o be_v maintain_v whereof_o a_o long_a discourse_n may_v be_v make_v to_o show_v the_o particular_a manage_n of_o this_o important_a business_n our_o fish_n plantation_n likewise_o in_o new-england_n virginia_n greenland_n the_o summer_n island_n and_o the_o newfoundland_n be_v of_o the_o like_a nature_n afford_v much_o wealth_n and_o employment_n to_o maintain_v a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a and_o to_o increase_v our_o decay_a trade_n richardo_n how_o some_o state_n have_v be_v make_v richardo_n 7._o a_o staple_n or_o magazine_n for_o foreign_a corn_n indigo_n spice_n raw-silk_n cotton_n wool_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v import_v will_v increase_v ship_n trade_n treasure_n and_o the_o king_n custom_n by_o export_v they_o again_o where_o need_n shall_v require_v which_o course_n of_o trading_n have_v be_v the_o chief_a mean_n to_o raise_v venice_n genoa_n the_o low-countries_n with_o some_o other_o and_o for_o such_o a_o purpose_n england_n stand_v most_o commodious_o want_v nothing_o to_o this_o performance_n but_o our_o own_o diligence_n and_o endeavour_n 8._o also_o we_o ought_v to_o esteem_v and_o cherish_v those_o trade_n which_o we_o have_v in_o remote_a or_o fax_fw-la country_n for_o beside_o the_o increase_n of_o ship_n and_o mariner_n thereby_o the_o ware_n also_o send_v thither_o and_o receive_v from_o thence_o be_v far_o more_o profitable_a unto_o the_o kingdom_n than_o by_o our_o trade_n near_o at_o hand_n as_o for_o example_n suppose_v pepper_n to_o be_v worth_a here_o two_o shilling_n the_o pound_n constant_o if_o then_o it_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o dutch_a at_o amsterdam_n the_o merchant_n may_v give_v there_o twenty_o penny_n the_o pound_n and_o gain_v well_o by_o the_o bargain_n profit_n the_o traffic_n to_o the_o east-indies_n be_v our_o most_o prefitable_a trade_n in_o its_o proportion_n both_o for_o king_n and_o kingdom_n we_o get_v more_o by_o the_o indian_a ware_n than_o the_o indian_n themselves_o a_o distinction_n between_o the_o kingdom_n gain_n and_o the_o merchant_n profit_n but_o if_o he_o fetch_v this_o pepper_n from_o the_o east-indies_n he_o must_v not_o give_v above_o three_o penny_n the_o pound_n at_o the_o most_o which_o be_v a_o mighty_a advantage_n not_o only_o in_o that_o part_n which_o serve_v for_o our_o own_o use_n but_o also_o for_o that_o great_a quantity_n which_o from_o heence_n we_o transport_v yearly_a unto_o divers_a other_o nation_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o a_o high_a price_n whereby_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o we_o make_v a_o far_o great_a stock_n by_o gain_n upon_o these_o indian_a commodity_n than_o those_o nation_n do_v where_o they_o grow_v and_o to_o who_o they_o proper_o appertain_v be_v the_o natural_a wealth_n of_o their_o country_n but_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o this_o particular_a we_o must_v ever_o distinguish_v between_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o merchant_n for_o although_o the_o kingdom_n pay_v no_o more_o for_o this_o pepper_n than_o be_v before_o suppose_v nor_o for_o any_o other_o commodity_n buy_v in_o foreign_a part_n more_o than_o the_o stranger_n receive_v from_o we_o for_o the_o same_o yet_o the_o merchant_n pay_v not_o only_o that_o price_n but_o also_o the_o freight_n insurance_n custom_n and_o other_o charge_n which_o be_v exceed_o great_a in_o these_o long_a voyage_n but_o yet_o all_o these_o in_o the_o kingdom_n account_n be_v but_o commutation_n among_o ourselves_o and_o no_o privation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v stock_n which_o be_v due_o consider_v together_o with_o the_o support_v also_o of_o our_o other_o trade_n in_o our_o best_a ship_n to_o italy_n france_n turkey_n the_o east-country_n and_o other_o place_n by_o transport_v and_o vent_v the_o ware_n which_o we_o bring_v yearly_a from_o the_o east_n indies_n it_o may_v well_o stir_v up_o our_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o maintain_v and_o enlarge_v this_o great_a and_o noble_a business_n so_o much_o import_v the_o public_a wealth_n strength_n and_o happiness_n neither_o be_v there_o less_o honour_n and_o judgement_n by_o grow_v rich_a in_o this_o manner_n upon_o the_o stock_n of_o other_o nation_n than_o by_o a_o industrious_a increase_n of_o our_o own_o mean_n especial_o when_o this_o latter_a be_v advance_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o former_n as_o we_o have_v find_v in_o the_o east-indies_n by_o sale_n of_o much_o of_o our_o tin_n cloth_n lead_v and_o other_o commodity_n the_o vent_n whereof_o do_v daily_o increase_v in_o those_o country_n which_o former_o have_v no_o use_n of_o our_o ware_n 9_o it_o will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a to_o export_v money_n as_o well_o as_o ware_n be_v do_v in_o trade_n only_o it_o will_v increase_v our_o treasure_n but_o of_o this_o i_o write_v more_o large_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n to_o prove_v it_o plain_o 10._o it_o be_v policy_n and_o profit_n for_o the_o state_n to_o suffer_v manufacture_n make_v of_o foreign_a material_n to_o be_v export_v custom-free_a as_o velvet_n and_o all_o other_o wrought_v silk_n fustian_n throw_v silk_n and_o the_o like_a it_o will_v employ_v very_o many_o poor_a people_n and_o much_o increase_v the_o value_n of_o our_o stock_n yearly_o issue_v into_o other_o country_n and_o it_o will_v for_o this_o purpose_n cause_v the_o more_o foreign_a material_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o to_o the_o improvement_n of_o his_o majesty_n custom_n i_o will_v here_o remember_v a_o notable_a increase_n in_o our_o manufacture_n of_o wind_v and_o twist_v only_o of_o foreign_a raw_a silk_n which_o within_o 35_o year_n to_o my_o knowledge_n do_v not_o employ_v more_o than_o 300_o people_n in_o the_o city_n and_o suburb_n of_o london_n where_o at_o this_o present_a time_n it_o do_v set_v on_o work_n above_o fourteen_o thousand_o soul_n as_o upon_o diligent_a enquiry_n have_v be_v credible_o report_v unto_o his_o majesty_n commissioner_n for_o trade_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o the_o say_v foreign_a commodity_n may_v be_v export_v from_o hence_o free_a of_o custom_n this_o manufacture_n will_v yet_o increase_v very_o much_o and_o decrease_v as_o fast_o in_o italy_n and_o in_o the_o netherlands_o but_o if_o any_o man_n allege_v the_o dutch_a proverb_n live_v and_o let_v other_o live_v i_o answer_v that_o the_o dutchman_n notwithstanding_o their_o own_o proverb_n do_v not_o only_o in_o these_o kingdom_n encroach_v upon_o our_o live_n but_o also_o in_o other_o foreign_a part_n of_o our_o trade_n where_o they_o have_v power_n they_o do_v hinder_v and_o destroy_v we_o in_o our_o lawful_a course_n of_o live_v hereby_o take_v the_o bread_n out_o of_o our_o mouth_n which_o we_o shall_v never_o prevent_v by_o pluck_v the_o pot_n from_o their_o nose_n as_o of_o late_a year_n too_o many_o of_o we_o do_v practice_n to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o this_o famous_a nation_n we_o ought_v rather_o to_o imitate_v former_a time_n in_o take_v sober_a and_o worthy_a course_n more_o please_v to_o god_n and_o suitable_a to_o our_o ancient_a reputation_n 11._o it_o be_v needful_a also_o not_o to_o charge_v the_o native_a commodity_n with_o too_o great_a custom_n lest_o by_o endear_n they_o to_o the_o stranger_n use_v it_o hinder_v their_o vent_n and_o especial_o foreign_a ware_n bring_v in_o to_o be_v transport_v again_o shall_v be_v savour_v for_o otherwise_o that_o manner_n of_o trading_n so_o much_o import_v the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v prosper_v nor_o subsist_v but_o the_o consumption_n of_o such_o foreign_a ware_n in_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v the_o more_o charge_v which_o will_v turn_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n and_o thereby_o also_o enable_v the_o king_n to_o lay_v up_o the_o more_o treasure_n out_o of_o his_o yearly_a incom_n as_o of_o this_o particular_a i_o intend_v to_o write_v more_o
be_v before_o declare_v it_o be_v not_o then_o possible_a but_o that_o all_o the_o over_o balance_n or_o difference_n shall_v return_v either_o in_o money_n or_o in_o such_o ware_n as_o we_o must_v export_v again_o which_o as_o be_v already_o plain_o show_v will_v be_v still_o a_o great_a mean_n to_o increase_v our_o treasure_n year_n the_o proverb_n say_v he_o that_o have_v ware_n have_v money_n by_o the_o year_n for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o in_o the_o estate_n of_o private_a man_n who_o have_v store_n of_o ware_n do_v not_o therefore_o say_v that_o they_o will_v not_o venture_v out_o or_o trade_n with_o their_o money_n for_o this_o be_v ridiculous_a but_o do_v also_o turn_v that_o into_o ware_n whereby_o they_o multiply_v their_o money_n and_o so_o by_o a_o continual_a and_o orderly_a change_n of_o one_o into_o the_o other_o grow_v rich_a and_o when_o they_o please_v turn_v all_o their_o estate_n into_o treasure_n for_o they_o that_o have_v ware_n can_v want_v mony_n neither_o be_v it_o say_v that_o money_n be_v the_o life_n of_o trade_n as_o if_o it_o can_v not_o subsist_v without_o the_o same_o for_o we_o know_v that_o there_o be_v great_a trade_n by_o way_n of_o commutation_n or_o barter_n when_o there_o be_v little_a money_n stir_v in_o the_o world_n the_o italian_n and_o some_o other_o nation_n have_v such_o remedy_n against_o this_o want_n that_o it_o can_v neither_o decay_v nor_o hinder_v their_o trade_n for_o they_o transfer_v bill_n of_o debt_n and_o have_v bank_n both_o public_a and_o private_a wherein_o they_o do_v assign_v their_o credit_n from_o one_o to_o another_o daily_o for_o very_o great_a sum_n with_o ease_n and_o satisfaction_n by_o write_n only_a whilst_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o mass_n of_o treasure_n which_o give_v foundation_n to_o those_o credit_n be_v employ_v in_o foreign_a trade_n as_o a_o merchandise_n and_o by_o the_o say_a mean_n they_o have_v little_a other_o use_n of_o money_n in_o those_o country_n more_o than_o for_o their_o ordinary_a expense_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o the_o keep_n of_o our_o money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o necessity_n and_o use_v of_o our_o ware_n in_o foreign_a country_n and_o our_o want_n of_o their_o commodity_n that_o cause_v the_o vent_n and_o consumption_n on_o all_o side_n which_o make_v a_o quick_a and_o ample_a trade_n if_o we_o be_v once_o poor_a and_o now_o have_v gain_v some_o store_n of_o money_n by_o trade_n with_o resolution_n to_o keep_v it_o still_o in_o the_o realm_n shall_v this_o cause_n other_o nation_n to_o spend_v more_o of_o our_o commodity_n than_o former_o they_o have_v do_v whereby_o we_o may_v say_v that_o our_o trade_n be_v quicken_v and_o enlarge_v no_o very_o it_o will_v produce_v no_o such_o good_a effect_n but_o rather_o according_a to_o the_o alteration_n of_o time_n by_o their_o true_a cause_n we_o may_v expect_v the_o contrary_a for_o all_o man_n do_v consent_v that_o plenty_n of_o money_n in_o a_o kingdom_n do_v make_v the_o native_a commodity_n dear_a which_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o some_o private_a man_n in_o their_o revenue_n so_o be_v it_o direct_o against_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o public_a in_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o trade_n for_o as_o plenty_n of_o money_n make_v ware_n dear_a so_o dear_a ware_n decline_v their_o use_n and_o consumption_n as_o have_v be_v already_o plain_o show_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n upon_o that_o particular_a of_o our_o cloth_n and_o although_o this_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a lesson_n for_o some_o great_a land_a man_n to_o learn_v yet_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v a_o true_a lesson_n for_o all_o the_o land_n to_o observe_v lest_o when_o we_o have_v gain_v some_o store_n of_o money_n by_o trade_n we_o lose_v it_o again_o by_o not_o trading_n with_o our_o mony_n i_o know_v a_o prince_n in_o italy_n of_o famous_a memory_n ferdinando_n the_o first_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n who_o be_v very_o rich_a in_o treasure_n endeavour_v therewith_o to_o enlarge_v his_o trade_n by_o issue_v out_o to_o his_o merchant_n great_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o very_o small_a profit_n i_o myself_o have_v forty_o thousand_o crown_n of_o he_o gratis_o for_o a_o whole_a year_n although_o he_o know_v that_o i_o will_v present_o send_v it_o away_o in_o specie_fw-la for_o the_o part_n of_o turkey_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o ware_n for_o his_o country_n he_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o in_o this_o course_n of_o trade_n it_o will_v return_v again_o according_a to_o the_o old_a say_n with_o a_o duck_n in_o the_o mouth_n this_o noble_a and_o industrious_a prince_n by_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n to_o countenance_n and_o favour_n merchant_n in_o their_o affair_n do_v so_o increase_v the_o practice_n thereof_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n in_o all_o his_o dominion_n that_o do_v not_o merchandise_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o in_o partnership_n with_o other_o whereby_o within_o these_o thirty_o year_n the_o trade_n to_o his_o port_n of_o leghorne_n be_v much_o increase_v that_o of_o a_o poor_a little_a town_n as_o i_o myself_o know_v it_o it_o be_v now_o become_v a_o fair_a and_o strong_a city_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a place_n for_o all_o christendom_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v worthy_a our_o observation_n that_o the_o multitude_n of_o ship_n and_o ware_n which_o come_v thither_o from_o england_n the_o low-countries_n and_o other_o place_n have_v little_a or_o no_o mean_n to_o make_v their_o return_n from_o thence_o but_o only_o in_o ready_a money_n which_o they_o may_v and_o do_v carry_v away_o free_o at_o all_o time_n to_o the_o incredible_a advantage_n of_o the_o say_v great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n and_o his_o subject_n who_o be_v much_o enrich_v by_o the_o continual_a great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n from_o all_o the_o state_n of_o the_o neighbour_n prince_n bring_v they_o plenty_n of_o money_n daily_o to_o supply_v their_o want_n of_o the_o say_a ware_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o the_o current_n of_o merchandise_n which_o carry_v away_o their_o treasure_n become_v a_o flow_a stream_n to_o fill_v they_o again_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n with_o mony_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o objection_n or_o two_o as_o weak_a as_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v if_o we_o trade_n with_o our_o money_n we_o shall_v issue_v out_o the_o less_o ware_n as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v those_o country_n which_o heretofore_o have_v occasion_n to_o consume_v our_o cloth_n lead_v iron_n fish_n and_o the_o like_a shall_v now_o make_v use_n of_o our_o money_n in_o the_o place_n of_o those_o necessary_n which_o be_v most_o absurd_a to_o affirm_v or_o that_o the_o merchant_n have_v not_o rather_o carry_v out_o ware_n by_o which_o there_o be_v ever_o some_o gain_n expect_v than_o to_o export_v money_n which_o be_v still_o but_o the_o same_o without_o any_o increase_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a there_o be_v many_o country_n which_o may_v yield_v we_o very_o profitable_a trade_n for_o our_o money_n which_o otherwise_o afford_v we_o no_o trade_n at_o all_o because_o they_o have_v no_o use_n of_o our_o ware_n as_o namely_o the_o east-indies_n for_o one_o in_o the_o first_o beginning_n thereof_o although_o since_o by_o industry_n in_o our_o commerce_n with_o those_o nation_n we_o have_v bring_v they_o into_o the_o use_n of_o much_o of_o our_o lead_n cloth_n tin_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v a_o good_a addition_n to_o the_o former_a vent_n of_o our_o commodity_n again_o some_o man_n have_v allege_v that_o those_o country_n which_o permit_v money_n to_o be_v carry_v out_o do_v it_o because_o they_o have_v few_o or_o no_o ware_n to_o trade_n withal_o but_o we_o have_v great_a store_n of_o commodity_n and_o therefore_o their_o action_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v our_o example_n to_o this_o the_o answer_n be_v brief_o that_o we_o have_v such_o a_o quantity_n of_o ware_n as_o do_v full_o provide_v we_o of_o all_o thing_n needful_a from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n why_o shall_v we_o then_o doubt_v that_o out_o monies_n send_v out_o in_o trade_n must_v not_o necessary_o come_v back_o again_o in_o treasure_n together_o with_o the_o great_a gain_n which_o it_o may_v procure_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v before_o set_v down_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o those_o nation_n which_o send_v out_o their_o money_n do_v it_o because_o they_o have_v but_o few_o ware_n of_o their_o own_o how_o come_v they_o then_o to_o have_v so_o much_o treasure_n as_o we_o ever_o see_v in_o those_o place_n which_o suffer_v it_o free_o to_o be_v export_v at_o all_o time_n and_o by_o whosoever_o i_o answer_v even_o by_o trading_n with_o their_o money_n for_o by_o what_o other_o mean_n can_v they_o get_v it_o have_v no_o mine_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n end_n
those_o army_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o stranger_n and_o lie_v so_o far_o remote_a that_o they_o can_v feed_v cloth_n or_o otherwise_o provide_v for_o they_o out_o of_o their_o own_o native_a mean_n and_o provision_n but_o must_v receive_v this_o relief_n from_o other_o nation_n treasure_n the_o effect_n of_o different_a war_n concern_v treasure_n which_o kind_n of_o war_n be_v far_o different_a to_o that_o which_o a_o prince_n make_v upon_o his_o own_o confine_n or_o in_o his_o navy_n by_o sea_n where_o the_o soldier_n receive_v money_n for_o his_o wage_n must_v every_o day_n deliver_v it_o out_o again_o for_o his_o necessity_n whereby_o the_o treasure_n remain_v still_o in_o the_o kingdom_n although_o it_o be_v exhaust_v from_o the_o king_n but_o we_o see_v that_o the_o spaniard_n trust_v in_o the_o power_n of_o his_o treasure_n undertake_v war_n in_o germany_n and_o in_o other_o remote_a place_n which_o will_v soon_o beggar_v the_o rich_a kingdom_n in_o christendom_n of_o all_o their_o money_n the_o want_n whereof_o will_v present_o disorder_v and_o bring_v the_o army_n to_o confusion_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o sometime_o with_o spain_n itself_o who_o have_v the_o fountain_n of_o money_n when_o either_o it_o be_v stop_v in_o the_o passage_n by_o the_o force_n of_o their_o enemy_n or_o draw_v out_o fast_o than_o it_o flow_v by_o their_o own_o occasion_n whereby_o also_o we_o often_o see_v that_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v often_o so_o scant_o in_o spain_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o use_v base_a copper_n money_n to_o the_o great_a confusion_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o not_o without_o the_o undo_n also_o of_o many_o of_o their_o own_o people_n but_o now_o that_o we_o have_v see_v the_o occasion_n by_o which_o the_o spanish_a treasure_n be_v disperse_v into_o so_o many_o place_n of_o the_o world_n let_v we_o likewise_o discover_v how_o and_o in_o what_o proportion_n each_o country_n do_v enjoy_v these_o money_n for_o we_o find_v that_o turkey_n and_o divers_a other_o nation_n have_v great_a plenty_n thereof_o although_o they_o drive_v no_o trade_n with_o spain_n which_o seem_v to_o contradict_v the_o former_a reason_n where_o we_o say_v that_o this_o treasure_n be_v obtain_v by_o a_o necessity_n of_o commerce_n but_o to_o clear_v this_o point_n we_o must_v know_v that_o all_o nation_n who_o have_v no_o mine_n of_o their_o own_o be_v enrich_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o mean_n which_o be_v already_o show_v to_o be_v the_o balance_n of_o their_o foreign_a trade_n and_o this_o be_v not_o strict_o tie_v to_o be_v do_v in_o those_o country_n where_o the_o fountain_n of_o treasure_n be_v but_o rather_o with_o such_o order_n and_o observation_n as_o be_v prescribe_v for_o suppose_v england_n by_o trade_n with_o spain_n may_v gain_v and_o bring_v home_n five_o hundred_o thousand_o rial_n of_o eight_o yearly_a if_o we_o lose_v as_o much_o by_o our_o trade_n in_o turkey_n and_o therefore_o carry_v the_o money_n thither_o it_o be_v not_o then_o the_o english_a but_o the_o turk_n which_o have_v get_v this_o treasure_n although_o they_o have_v no_o trade_n with_o spain_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v first_o bring_v again_o if_o england_n have_v thus_o lose_v with_o turkey_n do_v notwithstanding_o gain_v twice_o as_o much_o by_o france_n italy_n and_o other_o member_n of_o her_o general_a trade_n then_o will_v there_o remain_v five_o hundred_o thousand_o rial_n of_o eight_o clear_a gain_n by_o the_o balance_n of_o this_o trade_n and_o this_o comparison_n hold_v between_o all_o other_o nation_n both_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o get_v and_o the_o proportion_n that_o be_v yearly_o get_v but_o if_o yet_o a_o question_n shall_v be_v make_v whether_o all_o nation_n get_v treasure_n and_o spain_n only_o lose_v it_o i_o answer_v no_o for_o some_o country_n by_o war_n or_o by_o excess_n do_v lose_v that_o which_o they_o have_v get_v as_o well_o as_o spain_n by_o war_n and_o want_n of_o ware_n do_v lose_v that_o which_o be_v its_o own_o chap._n vii_o the_o diversity_n of_o gain_n by_o foreign_a trade_n in_o the_o course_n of_o foreign_a trade_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o gain_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o may_v be_v do_v when_o the_o merchant_n who_o be_v the_o principal_a agent_n therein_o shall_v lose_v the_o second_o be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o merchant_n which_o he_o do_v sometime_o just_o and_o worthy_o effect_v although_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v a_o loser_n the_o three_o be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o king_n whereof_o he_o be_v ever_o certain_a even_o when_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o merchant_n shall_v be_v both_o lofer_n concern_v the_o first_o of_o these_o we_o have_v already_o sufficient_o show_v the_o way_n and_o mean_n whereby_o a_o commonwealth_n may_v be_v enrich_v in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n whereof_o it_o be_v needless_a here_o to_o make_v any_o repetition_n only_o i_o do_v in_o this_o place_n affirm_v that_o such_o happiness_n may_v be_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o the_o merchant_n in_o his_o particular_a shall_v have_v no_o occasion_n to_o rejoice_v as_o for_o example_n suppose_v the_o east-india_n company_n send_v out_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n into_o the_o east-indies_n and_o receive_v home_o for_o the_o same_o the_o full_a value_n of_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n hereby_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o this_o part_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v treble_v and_o yet_o i_o may_v bold_o say_v that_o which_o i_o can_v well_o prove_v that_o the_o say_a company_n of_o merchant_n shall_v lose_v at_o least_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n by_o such_o a_o adventure_n if_o the_o return_n be_v make_v in_o spice_n indigo_n calico_n benjamin_n refine_a saltpetre_n and_o such_o other_o bulky_a ware_n in_o their_o several_a proportion_n according_a to_o their_o vent_n and_o use_v in_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n for_o the_o freight_n of_o ship_n the_o insurance_n of_o this_o adventure_n the_o charge_n of_o factor_n abroad_o and_o officer_n at_o home_n the_o forbearance_n of_o the_o stock_n his_o majesty_n custom_n and_o impost_n with_o other_o petty_a charge_n incident_a can_v be_v less_o than_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n which_o be_v add_v to_o the_o principal_a produce_v the_o say_a loss_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o not_o only_o the_o kingdom_n but_o also_o the_o king_n by_o his_o custom_n and_o impost_n may_v get_v notorious_o even_o when_o the_o merchant_n notwithstanding_o shall_v lose_v grievous_o which_o give_v we_o good_a occasion_n here_o to_o consider_v how_o much_o more_o the_o realm_n be_v enrich_v by_o this_o noble_a trade_n when_o all_o thing_n pass_v so_o happy_o that_o the_o merchant_n be_v a_o gainer_n also_o with_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o affirm_v that_o a_o merchant_n by_o his_o laudable_a endeavour_n may_v both_o carry_v out_o and_o bring_v in_o ware_n to_o his_o advantage_n by_o sell_v and_o buy_v they_o to_o good_a profit_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o his_o labour_n when_o nevertheless_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v decline_v and_o grow_v poor_a by_o a_o disorder_n in_o the_o people_n when_o through_o pride_n and_o other_o excess_n they_o do_v consume_v more_o foreign_a ware_n in_o value_n than_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n can_v satisfy_v and_o pay_v by_o the_o exportation_n of_o our_o own_o commodity_n which_o be_v the_o very_a quality_n of_o a_o unthrift_n who_o spend_v beyond_o his_o mean_n last_o the_o king_n be_v ever_o sure_a to_o get_v by_o trade_n when_o both_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o merchant_n shall_v lose_v several_o as_o afore-written_a or_o joint_o as_o it_o may_v and_o do_v sometime_o happen_v when_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n our_o commodity_n be_v overbalance_v by_o foreign_a ware_n consume_v and_o that_o the_o merchant_n success_n prove_v no_o better_o than_o be_v before_o declare_v but_o here_o we_o must_v not_o take_v the_o king_n gain_n in_o this_o large_a sense_n for_o so_o we_o may_v say_v that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v get_v although_o half_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v lose_v we_o shall_v rather_o suppose_v that_o whereas_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o exportation_n and_o importation_n be_v now_o find_v for_o to_o be_v about_o the_o yearly_o value_n of_o four_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o pound_n it_o may_v be_v yet_o increase_v two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_fw-it by_o the_o importation_n and_o consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n by_o this_o mean_n we_o know_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v a_o gainer_n near_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n but_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v lose_v the_o whole_a two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n thus_o spend_v in_o excess_n and_o the_o merchant_n may_v be_v a_o loser_n also_o when_o the_o trade_n shall_v in_o this_o
here_o at_o high_a rate_n than_o their_o value_n with_o our_o standard_n will_v not_o increase_v our_o treasure_n coin_n merchant_n do_v or_o aught_o to_o know_v the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o foreign_a coin_n the_o discreet_a merchant_n for_o the_o better_a direct_v of_o his_o trade_n and_o his_o exchange_n by_o bill_n to_o and_o from_o the_o several_a place_n of_o the_o world_n where_o he_o be_v accustom_v to_o deal_v do_v careful_o learn_v the_o parity_n or_o equal_a value_n of_o the_o money_n according_a to_o their_o weight_n and_o fineness_n compare_v with_o our_o standard_n whereby_o he_o be_v able_a to_o know_v perfect_o the_o just_a profit_n or_o loss_n of_o his_o affair_n and_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o we_o trade_n to_o divers_a place_n where_o we_o vent_v off_o our_o native_a commodity_n yearly_a to_o a_o great_a value_n and_o yet_o find_v few_o or_o no_o ware_n there_o fit_v our_o use_n whereby_o we_o be_v enforce_v to_o make_v our_o return_n in_o ready_a money_n which_o by_o we_o be_v either_o carry_v into_o some_o other_o country_n to_o be_v convert_v into_o ware_n which_o we_o want_v or_o else_o it_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o realm_n in_o specie_fw-la which_o be_v tolerate_v to_o pass_v currant_n here_o in_o payment_n at_o high_a rate_n than_o they_o be_v worth_a to_o be_v coin_v into_o sterling_a money_n that_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o great_a quantity_n will_v be_v bring_v in_o but_o when_o all_o the_o circumstance_n be_v due_o consider_v this_o course_n likewise_o will_v be_v find_v as_o weak_a as_o the_o rest_n to_o increase_v our_o treasure_n first_o the_o toleration_n itself_o do_v break_v the_o law_n of_o intercourse_n and_o will_v soon_o move_v other_o prince_n to_o perform_v the_o same_o act_n or_o worse_o against_o we_o and_o so_o frustrate_v our_o hope_n second_o if_o money_n be_v the_o true_a measure_n of_o all_o other_o mean_n and_o foreign_a coin_n tolerate_v to_o pass_v current_n among_o we_o at_o high_a rate_n than_o they_o be_v worth_a be_v compare_v with_o our_o standard_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v not_o be_v just_o distribute_v when_o that_o pass_v by_o a_o false_a measure_n three_o if_o the_o advantage_n between_o we_o and_o foreign_a coin_n be_v but_o small_a that_o will_v bring_v in_o little_a or_o no_o treasure_n because_o the_o merchant_n will_v rather_o bring_v in_o ware_n upon_o which_o there_o be_v usual_o a_o competent_a gain_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o we_o permit_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o foreign_a coin_n than_o that_o gain_n will_v carry_v away_o all_o our_o sterling_a money_n and_o so_o i_o leave_v this_o business_n in_o a_o dilemma_n and_o fruitless_a as_o all_o other_o course_n will_v ever_o prove_v which_o seek_v for_o the_o gain_n or_o loss_n of_o our_o treasure_n out_o of_o the_o balance_n of_o our_o general_a foreign_a trade_n as_o i_o will_v endeavour_v yet_o further_o to_o demonstrate_v chap._n v._o the_o observation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o employment_n to_o be_v make_v by_o stranger_n can_v increase_v nor_o yet_o preserve_v our_o treasure_n to_o keep_v our_o money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n be_v a_o work_n of_o no_o less_o skill_n and_o difficulty_n than_o to_o augment_v our_o treasure_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o preservation_n and_o production_n be_v the_o same_o in_o nature_n the_o statute_n for_o employment_n of_o stranger_n be_v ware_n into_o our_o commodity_n seem_v at_o first_o to_o be_v a_o good_a and_o a_o lawful_a way_n lead_v to_o those_o end_n but_o upon_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o particular_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o it_o can_v produce_v such_o good_a effect_n nation_n the_o use_n of_o foreign_a trade_n be_v alike_o to_o all_o nation_n for_o as_o the_o use_v of_o foreign_a trade_n be_v alike_o unto_o all_o nation_n so_o may_v we_o easy_o perceive_v what_o will_v be_v do_v therein_o by_o stranger_n when_o we_o do_v but_o observe_v our_o own_o proceed_n in_o this_o weighty_a business_n by_o which_o we_o do_v not_o only_o seek_v with_o the_o vent_n of_o our_o own_o commodity_n to_o supply_v our_o want_n of_o foreign_a ware_n but_o also_o to_o enrich_v ourselves_o with_o treasure_n all_o which_o be_v do_v by_o a_o different_a manner_n of_o trading_n according_a to_o our_o own_o occasion_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n whereunto_o we_o do_v trade_n as_o namely_o in_o some_o country_n we_o sell_v our_o commodity_n and_o bring_v away_o their_o ware_n or_o part_n in_o money_n in_o other_o country_n we_o sell_v our_o good_n and_o take_v their_o money_n because_o they_o have_v little_a or_o no_o ware_n that_o fit_a our_o turn_n again_o in_o some_o place_n we_o have_v need_n of_o their_o commodity_n but_o they_o have_v little_a use_n of_o we_o so_o they_o take_v our_o money_n which_o we_o get_v in_o other_o country_n and_o thus_o by_o a_o course_n of_o traffic_n which_o change_v according_a to_o the_o accurent_n of_o time_n the_o particular_a member_n do_v accommodate_v each_o other_o and_o all_o accomplish_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o trade_n destroy_v how_o foreign_a trade_n be_v destroy_v which_o will_v ever_o languish_v if_o the_o harmony_n of_o her_o health_n be_v distemper_v by_o the_o disease_n of_o excess_n at_o home_n violence_n abroad_o charge_n and_o restriction_n at_o home_n or_o abroad_o but_o in_o this_o place_n i_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v only_o of_o restriction_n which_o i_o will_v perform_v brief_o there_o be_v three_o way_n by_o which_o a_o merchant_n make_v the_o return_n of_o his_o ware_n from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o money_n in_o commodity_n or_o by_o exchange_n but_o the_o statute_n of_o employment_n do_v not_o only_o restrain_v money_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o seem_a providence_n and_o justice_n but_o also_o the_o use_n of_o the_o exchange_n by_o bill_n which_o do_v violate_v the_o law_n of_o commerce_n and_o be_v indeed_o a_o act_n without_o example_n in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o world_n where_o we_o have_v trade_n and_o therefore_o to_o be_v consider_v that_o whatsoever_o in_o this_o kind_n we_o shall_v impose_v upon_o stranger_n here_o will_v present_o be_v make_v a_o law_n for_o we_o in_o their_o country_n especial_o where_o we_o have_v our_o great_a trade_n with_o our_o vigilant_a neighbour_n who_o omit_v no_o care_n nor_o occasion_n to_o support_v their_o traffic_n in_o equal_a privilege_n with_o other_o nation_n and_o thus_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o that_o freedom_n and_o mean_n which_o now_o we_o have_v to_o bring_v treasure_n into_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therewith_o likewise_o we_o shall_v lose_v the_o vent_n of_o much_o ware_n which_o we_o carry_v to_o divers_a place_n whereby_o our_o trade_n and_o our_o treasure_n will_v decay_v together_o second_o if_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n we_o thrust_v the_o exportation_n of_o our_o ware_n more_o than_o ordinary_a upon_o the_o stranger_n we_o must_v then_o take_v it_o from_o the_o english_a which_o be_v injurious_a to_o our_o merchant_n mariner_n and_o ship_n beside_o the_o hurt_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o vent_v the_o kingdom_n be_v stock_n to_o the_o stranger_n at_o far_o low_a rate_n here_o than_o we_o must_v do_v if_o we_o sell_v it_o to_o they_o in_o their_o own_o country_n as_o be_v prove_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n three_o whereas_o we_o have_v already_o sufficient_o show_v that_o if_o our_o commodity_n be_v overbalance_v in_o value_n by_o foreign_a ware_n our_o money_n must_v be_v carry_v out_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o prevent_v this_o by_o tie_v the_o stranger_n be_v hand_n and_o leave_v the_o english_a loose_a shall_v not_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o advantage_n cause_n that_o to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o now_o that_o be_v do_v by_o the_o other_o before_o or_o if_o we_o make_v a_o statute_n without_o example_n to_o prevent_v both_o alike_o shall_v we_o not_o then_o overthrow_v all_o at_o once_o the_o king_n in_o his_o cuostm_n and_o the_o kingdom_n in_o her_o profit_n for_o such_o a_o restriction_n must_v of_o necessity_n destroy_v much_o trade_n because_o the_o diversity_n of_o occasion_n and_o place_n which_o make_v a_o ample_a trade_n require_v that_o some_o man_n shall_v both_o export_n and_o import_n ware_n some_o export_n only_o other_o import_n some_o deliver_v our_o their_o money_n by_o exchange_n other_o take_v it_o up_o some_o carry_v out_o money_n other_o bring_v it_o in_o and_o this_o in_o a_o great_a or_o lesser_a quantity_n according_a to_o the_o good_a husbandry_n or_o excess_n in_o the_o kingdom_n over_o which_o only_a if_o we_o keep_v a_o strict_a law_n it_o will_v rule_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o without_o this_o all_o other_o statute_n be_v no_o rule_n either_o to_o keep_v or_o procure_v we_o treasure_n last_o to_o
and_o of_o the_o mere_a exchanger_n with_o their_o true_a cause_n and_o effect_n nevertheless_o it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o pursue_v this_o business_n yet_o a_o little_a further_o and_o thereby_o not_o only_o to_o strengthen_v our_o former_a argument_n but_o also_o to_o avoid_v some_o cunning_a delusion_n which_o may_v deceive_v the_o unskilful_a reader_n of_o those_o book_n entitle_v lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la pag._n 409._o and_o the_o maintenance_n of_o free_a trade_n p._n 16._o wherein_o the_o author_n gerard_n malines_n let_v down_o the_o admirable_a feat_n as_o he_o term_v they_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o banker_n and_o exchanger_n with_o the_o use_n and_o power_n of_o the_o exchange_n but_o how_o these_o wonder_n may_v be_v effect_v he_o altogether_o omit_v leave_v the_o reader_n in_o a_o strange_a opinion_n of_o these_o dark_a mystery_n which_o i_o can_v think_v he_o do_v for_o want_v of_o knowledge_n for_o i_o find_v he_o skilful_a in_o many_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v both_o write_a and_o collect_v concern_v the_o affair_n of_o merchant_n and_o in_o particular_a he_o discourse_v well_o of_o divers_a uses_n form_n and_o passage_n of_o the_o exchange_n in_o all_o which_o as_o he_o have_v take_v great_a pain_n for_o the_o good_a of_o other_o so_o do_v his_o work_n of_o this_o kind_n deserve_v much_o praise_n but_o where_o he_o have_v disguise_v his_o own_o knowledge_n with_o sophistry_n to_o further_a some_o private_a end_n by_o hurt_v the_o public_a good_a there_o ought_v he_o to_o be_v discover_v and_o prevent_v unto_o which_o performance_n in_o this_o discourse_n of_o treasure_n i_o find_v myself_o oblige_v and_o therefore_o i_o intend_v to_o effect_v it_o by_o show_v the_o true_a cause_n and_o mean_n whereby_o these_o wonder_n be_v do_v which_o malines_n attribute_v to_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o exchange_n but_o first_o for_o order_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o set_v down_o the_o particular_a feat_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o his_o say_a book_n the_o admirable_a feat_n to_o be_v do_v by_o exchange_n 1._o to_o lay_v their_o money_n with_o gain_n in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o world_n where_o any_o exchange_n lie_v 2._o to_o gain_v and_o wax_v rich_a and_o never_o meddle_v with_o any_o prince_n commodity_n 3._o to_o buy_v any_o prince_n commodity_n and_o never_o bring_v peny_n nor_o pennyworth_n into_o the_o realm_n but_o do_v that_o with_o the_o subject_n mony_n 4._o to_o grow_v rich_a and_o live_v without_o adventure_n at_o sea_n or_o travel_n 5._o to_o do_v great_a feat_n have_v credit_n and_o yet_o to_o be_v nought_o worth_a 6._o to_o understand_v whether_o in_o conjecture_v their_o money_n employ_v on_o exchange_n or_o buy_v of_o ware_n will_v be_v more_o profit_n 7._o to_o know_v certain_o what_o the_o merchant_n gain_n upon_o their_o ware_n they_o sell_v and_o buy_v 8._o to_o live_v and_o increase_v upon_o every_o prince_n subject_n that_o continual_o take_v up_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o whether_o they_o gain_v or_o no._n 9_o to_o wind_v out_o every_o prince_n treasure_n out_o of_o his_o realm_n ☜_o ☜_o who_o subject_n bring_v in_o more_o ware_n than_o they_o carry_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n 10._o to_o make_v the_o staple_n of_o money_n run_v thither_o where_o the_o rich_a prince_n will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v bring_v and_o pay_v for_o it_o 11._o to_o unfurnish_v the_o poor_a prince_n of_o his_o provision_n of_o money_n that_o keep_v his_o ware_n upon_o interest-money_n if_o the_o enemy_n will_v seek_v it_o 12._o to_o furnish_v their_o need_n of_o money_n that_o tarry_v the_o sell_v of_o their_o ware_n in_o any_o contract_n until_o they_o make_v they_o come_v to_o their_o price_n 13._o to_o take_v up_o money_n to_o engross_v any_o commodity_n either_o new_a come_v or_o whereof_o they_o have_v some_o store_n to_o bring_v the_o whole_a trade_n of_o that_o commodity_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n to_o sell_v both_o at_o their_o pleasure_n 14._o to_o hide_v their_o carry_v away_o of_o any_o prince_n mony_n 15._o to_o fetch_v away_o any_o prince_n fine_a money_n with_o his_o own_o or_o any_o other_o prince_n base_a mony_n 16._o to_o take_v up_o prince_n base_a money_n and_o to_o turn_v into_o his_o fine_a money_n and_o to_o pay_v the_o deliverer_n with_o his_o own_o and_o gain_v too_o 17._o to_o take_v upon_o credit_n into_o their_o hand_n for_o a_o time_n all_o the_o merchant_n money_n that_o will_v be_v deliver_v and_o pay_v they_o with_o their_o own_o and_o gain_v too_o 18._o to_o make_v the_o realm_n gain_v of_o all_o other_o realm_n who_o subject_n live_v most_o by_o their_o own_o commodity_n and_o sell_v yearly_a the_o overplus_n into_o the_o world_n and_o both_o occupy_v that_o increase_n yearly_a and_o also_o their_o old_a store_n of_o treasure_n upon_o exchange_n 19_o to_o undo_v realm_n and_o prince_n that_o look_v not_o to_o their_o commonwealth_n when_o the_o merchant_n wealth_n be_v such_o that_o the_o great_a house_n conspire_v together_o so_o to_o rule_v the_o exchange_n that_o when_o they_o will_v be_v deliverer_n they_o will_v receive_v in_o another_o place_n above_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o mint_n of_o the_o prince_n money_n deliver_v and_o when_o they_o will_v be_v taker_n they_o will_v pay_v the_o same_o in_o another_o place_n under_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o mint_n of_o the_o prince_n money_n take_v up_o 20._o to_o get_v ready_a money_n to_o buy_v any_o commodity_n that_o be_v offer_v cheap_a 21._o to_o compass_v ready_a money_n to_o get_v any_o ossered_a bargain_n out_o of_o another_o man_n hand_n and_o so_o by_o out-bidding_a other_o oftentimes_o to_o raise_v the_o ware_n 22._o to_o get_v a_o part_n and_o sometime_o all_o his_o gain_n that_o employ_v money_n take_v up_o by_o exchange_n in_o ware_n and_o so_o make_v other_o travel_v for_o their_o gain_n 23._o to_o keep_v prince_n for_o have_v any_o custom_n subsidy_n or_o tax_n upon_o their_o money_n as_o they_o employ_v it_o not_o 24._o to_o value_v just_o any_o ware_n they_o carry_v into_o any_o country_n by_o set_v they_o at_o that_o value_n as_o the_o money_n that_o buy_v they_o be_v then_o at_o by_o exchange_n in_o the_o country_n whither_o they_o be_v carry_v if_o i_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o amplify_v in_o the_o explanation_n of_o these_o wonder_n they_o will_v afford_v i_o matter_n enough_o to_o make_v a_o large_a volume_n but_o my_o intent_n be_v to_o do_v it_o as_o brief_o as_o possible_o i_o may_v without_o obscurity_n and_o before_o i_o begin_v i_o can_v choose_v but_o laugh_v to_o think_v how_o a_o worthy_a lawyer_n may_v be_v deject_v in_o his_o laudable_a study_n when_o he_o shall_v see_v more_o cunning_a in_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la by_o a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o merchant_n profession_n than_o in_o all_o the_o lawcase_n of_o his_o learned_a author_n for_o this_o exchange_n go_v beyond_o conjure_v i_o think_v very_o that_o neither_o doctor_n faustus_n nor_o bank_n his_o horse_n can_v ever_o do_v such_o admirable_a feat_n although_o it_o be_v sure_a they_o have_v a_o devil_n to_o help_v they_o but_o we_o merchant_n deal_v not_o with_o such_o spirit_n we_o delight_v not_o to_o be_v think_v the_o worker_n of_o lie_v wonder_n and_o therefore_o i_o endeavour_v here_o to_o show_v the_o plainness_n of_o our_o deal_v in_o these_o suppose_a feat_n to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o laudable_a course_n of_o trade_n and_o first_o to_o lay_v our_o money_n with_o gain_n to_o any_o place_n of_o the_o world_n where_o exchange_n lie_v how_o can_v this_o be_v do_v will_n some_o man_n say_v for_o amsterdam_n when_o the_o loss_n by_o exchange_n be_v sometime_o eight_o or_o ten_o per_fw-la cent._n more_o or_o less_o for_o one_o month_n usance_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o here_o i_o must_v consider_v exchange_n the_o principal_a efficient_a cause_n of_o loss_n by_o exchange_n first_o that_o the_o principal_a efficient_a cause_n of_o this_o loss_n be_v a_o great_a value_n in_o ware_n bring_v from_o amsterdam_n than_o we_o carry_v thither_o which_o make_v more_o deliverer_n than_o taker_n here_o by_o exchange_n whereby_o the_o money_n be_v undervalue_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o taker_n hereupon_o the_o deliverer_n rather_o than_o he_o will_v lose_v by_o his_o money_n do_v consider_v those_o country_n unto_o which_o we_o carry_v more_o ware_n in_o value_n than_o we_o receive_v from_o they_o as_o namely_o spain_n italy_n and_o other_o to_o which_o place_n he_o be_v sure_a for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a that_o he_o shall_v ever_o deliver_v his_o money_n with_o profit_n but_o now_o you_o will_v say_v that_o the_o money_n be_v further_a from_o amsterdam_n than_o before_o how_o shall_v it_o be_v get_v together_o yes_o well_o enough_o and_o the_o far_o about_o will_v prove_v the_o near_a way_n home_o if_o it_o come_v at_o last_o
with_o good_a profit_n the_o first_o part_n whereof_o be_v make_v as_o we_o have_v suppose_v in_o spain_n from_o thence_o i_o consider_v where_o to_o make_v my_o second_o gain_n and_o find_v that_o the_o florentine_n send_v out_o a_o great_a value_n in_o cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n wrought_v silk_n and_o rash_n to_o spain_n than_o they_o receive_v in_o fleece_n wool_n west-india_n hide_v sugar_n and_o cochineal_n i_o know_v i_o can_v miss_v of_o my_o purpose_n by_o deliver_v my_o money_n for_o florence_n where_o still_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n i_o direct_v my_o course_n from_o thence_o to_o venice_n and_o there_o find_v that_o my_o next_o benefit_n must_v be_v at_o franckfort_n or_o antwerp_n until_o at_o last_o i_o come_v to_o amsterdam_n by_o a_o short_a or_o long_a course_n according_a to_o such_o occasion_n of_o advantage_n as_o the_o time_n and_o place_n shall_v afford_v i_o and_o thus_o we_o see_v still_o that_o the_o profit_n and_o loss_n upon_o the_o exchange_n be_v guide_v and_o rule_v by_o by_o the_o over_o or_o underballance_n of_o the_o several_a trade_n which_o be_v predominant_a and_o active_a make_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n high_a or_o low_o which_o be_v therefore_o passive_a the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v so_o often_o repeat_v by_o the_o say_v malines_n to_o the_o second_o four_o fourteen_o and_o twenty_o three_o i_o say_v that_o all_o these_o be_v the_o proper_a work_v of_o the_o mere_a exchanger_n and_o that_o his_o action_n can_v work_v to_o the_o good_a or_o hurt_v of_o the_o common_a wealth_n i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o show_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n and_o therefore_o here_o i_o may_v spare_v that_o labour_n to_o the_o three_o it_o be_v true_a i_o can_v deliver_v one_o thousand_o pound_n here_o by_o exchange_n to_o receive_v the_o value_n in_o spain_n where_o with_o this_o spanish_a money_n i_o can_v buy_v and_o bring_v away_o so_o much_o spanish_a ware_n but_o all_o this_o do_v not_o prove_v but_o that_o in_o the_o end_n the_o english_a money_n or_o commodity_n must_v pay_v for_o the_o say_a ware_n for_o if_o i_o deliver_v my_o thousand_o pound_n here_o to_o a_o englishman_n he_o must_v pay_v i_o in_o spain_n either_o by_o good_n already_o send_v or_o to_o be_v send_v thither_o or_o if_o i_o deliver_v it_o here_o to_o a_o spaniard_n he_o take_v it_o of_o i_o with_o intent_n to_o employ_v it_o in_o our_o ware_n so_o that_o every_o way_n we_o must_v pay_v the_o stranger_n for_o what_o we_o have_v from_o he_o be_v there_o any_o feat_n in_o all_o this_o worthy_a our_o admiration_n to_o the_o five_o thirteen_o twenty_o and_o twenty_o first_o i_o must_v answer_v these_o wonder_n by_o heap_n where_o i_o find_v they_o to_o be_v all_o one_o matter_n in_o divers_a form_n and_o such_o froth_n also_o that_o every_o idiot_n know_v they_o and_o can_v say_v that_o he_o who_o have_v credit_n can_v contract_v buy_v sell_v and_o take_v up_o much_o money_n by_o exchange_n which_o he_o may_v do_v as_o well_o also_o at_o interest_n yet_o in_o these_o course_v they_o be_v not_o always_o gainer_n for_o sometime_o they_o live_v by_o the_o loss_n as_o well_o as_o they_o who_o have_v less_o credit_n to_o the_o six_o and_o seven_o here_o be_v more_o poor_a stuff_n for_o when_o i_o know_v the_o currant_n price_n of_o my_o ware_n both_o here_o and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n i_o may_v easy_o conjecture_v whether_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o gain_n which_o i_o expect_v upon_o my_o ware_n will_v be_v great_a and_o again_o as_o every_o merchant_n know_v well_o what_o he_o gain_v upon_o the_o ware_n he_o buy_v and_o sell_v so_o may_v any_o other_o man_n do_v the_o like_a that_o can_v tell_v how_o the_o say_a merchant_n have_v proceed_v but_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o make_v we_o admire_v the_o exchange_n to_o the_o eight_o and_o twelve_o as_o banker_n and_o exchanger_n do_v furnish_v man_n with_o money_n for_o their_o occasion_n so_o do_v they_o likewise_o who_o let_v out_o their_o money_n at_o interest_n with_o the_o same_o hope_n and_o like_a advantage_n which_o many_o time_n notwithstanding_o fail_v they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o borrower_n often_o labour_v for_o the_o lender_n profit_n to_o the_o nine_o and_o eighteen_o here_o my_o author_n have_v some_o secret_a mean_v or_o be_v conscious_a of_o his_o own_o error_n do_v mark_v these_o two_o wonder_n with_o a_o ☞_o in_o the_o margin_n for_o why_o shall_v this_o great_a work_n of_o enrich_v or_o impoverish_v of_o kingdom_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o exchange_n which_o be_v do_v only_o by_o those_o mean_n that_o do_v over_o or_o underballance_n our_o foreign_a trade_n as_o i_o have_v already_o so_o often_o show_v and_o as_o the_o very_a word_n of_o malines_n himself_o in_o these_o two_o place_n may_v intimate_v to_o a_o judicious_a reader_n to_o the_o fifteen_o and_o sixteenth_o i_o confess_v that_o the_o exchange_n may_v be_v use_v in_o turn_v base_a money_n into_o gold_n or_o silver_n as_o when_o a_o stranger_n may_v coin_v and_o bring_v over_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o farthing_n which_o in_o short_a time_n he_o may_v disperse_v or_o convert_v into_o good_a money_n and_o then_o deliver_v the_o same_o here_o by_o exchange_n to_o receive_v the_o value_n in_o his_o own_o country_n or_o he_o may_v do_v this_o feat_n by_o carry_v away_o the_o say_v good_a money_n in_o specie_fw-la without_o use_v the_o exchange_n at_o all_o if_o he_o dare_v venture_v the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n the_o spaniard_n know_v well_o who_o be_v the_o common_a coiner_n of_o christendom_n that_o dare_v venture_v to_o bring_v they_o store_n of_o copper-mony_n of_o the_o spanish_a stamp_n and_o carry_v away_o the_o value_n in_o good_a rial_n of_o eight_o wherein_o notwithstanding_o all_o their_o cunning_a device_n they_o be_v sometime_o take_v tardy_a to_o the_o seventeen_o the_o banker_n be_v always_o ready_a to_o receive_v such_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o be_v put_v into_o their_o hand_n by_o man_n of_o all_o degree_n who_o have_v no_o skill_n or_o good_a mean_n themselves_o to_o manage_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o exchange_n to_o profit_n it_o be_v likewise_o true_a that_o the_o banker_n do_v repay_v all_o man_n with_o their_o own_o and_o yet_o reserve_v good_a gain_n to_o themselves_o which_o they_o do_v as_o well_o deserve_v for_o their_o ordinary_a provision_n or_o allowance_n as_o those_o factor_n do_v which_o buy_v or_o sell_v for_o merchant_n by_o commission_n and_o be_v not_o this_o likewise_o both_o just_a and_o very_o common_a 17._o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la pag._n 410._o maintenance_n of_o free_a trade_n p._n 17._o to_o the_o eleven_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o here_o be_v a_o wonder_n indeed_o that_o a_o poor_a prince_n shall_v keep_v either_o his_o war_n or_o ware_n i_o take_v both_o together_o as_o the_o author_n set_v they_o down_o both_o way_n differ_v in_o his_o say_v two_o book_n upon_o interest-money_n for_o what_o need_v the_o enemy_n of_o such_o a_o poor_a prince_n deal_v with_o the_o banker_n to_o disappoint_v he_o or_o defeat_v he_o of_o his_o money_n in_o time_n of_o want_n when_o the_o interest_n itself_o will_v do_v this_o fast_n enough_o and_o so_o i_o leave_v this_o poor_a stuff_n to_o the_o nineteenth_o i_o have_v live_v long_o in_o italy_n where_o the_o great_a bank_n and_o banker_n of_o christedom_n do_v trade_n yet_o can_v i_o never_o see_v nor_o hear_v that_o they_o do_v or_o be_v able_a to_o rule_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n by_o confederacy_n but_o still_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o money_n in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n do_v always_o over-rule_v they_o and_o make_v the_o exchange_n to_o run_v at_o high_a or_o low_a rate_n custom_n exchange_n hinder_v not_o prince_n of_o their_o custom_n to_o the_o twenty_o second_o the_o exchange_n by_o bill_n between_o merchant_n and_o merchant_n in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n can_v hinder_v prince_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o impost_n for_o the_o money_n which_o one_o man_n deliver_v because_o he_o will_v not_o or_o have_v not_o occasion_n to_o employ_v it_o in_o ware_n another_o man_n take_v because_o he_o either_o will_n or_o have_v already_o lay_v it_o out_o in_o merchandise_n but_o it_o be_v true_a that_o when_o the_o wealth_n of_o a_o kingdom_n consist_v much_o in_o ready_a money_n and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o good_a mean_n and_o conveniency_n in_o such_o a_o kingdom_n to_o trade_n with_o the_o same_o into_o foreign_a part_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n or_o by_o both_o these_o way_n if_o then_o this_o trade_n be_v neglect_v the_o king_n shall_v be_v defeat_v of_o those_o profit_n and_o if_o the_o exchange_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o then_o must_v we_o learn_v in_o what_o manner_n this_o be_v do_v for_o we_o may_v exchange_v
either_o among_o ourselves_o or_o with_o stranger_n if_o among_o ourselves_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v enrich_v thereby_o for_o the_o gain_n of_o one_o subject_n be_v the_o loss_n of_o another_o and_o if_o we_o exchange_v with_o stranger_n than_o our_o profit_n be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n yet_o by_o none_o of_o these_o way_n can_v the_o king_n receive_v any_o benefit_n in_o his_o custom_n let_v we_o therefore_o seek_v out_o the_o place_n where_o such_o exchange_v be_v use_v and_o set_v down_o the_o reason_n why_o this_o practice_n be_v permit_v in_o search_n whereof_o we_o shall_v only_o find_v one_o place_n of_o note_n in_o all_o christendom_n which_o be_v genova_n whereof_o i_o intend_v to_o say_v something_o as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v genova_n the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genova_n the_o state_n of_o genova_n be_v small_a and_o not_o very_o fertile_a have_v little_a natural_a wealth_n or_o material_n to_o employ_v the_o people_n nor_o yet_o victual_n sufficient_a to_o feed_v they_o but_o nevertheless_o by_o their_o industry_n in_o former_a time_n by_o foreign_a trade_n into_o egypt_n soria_n constantinople_n and_o all_o those_o levant_n part_n for_o spice_n drug_n raw_a silk_n and_o many_o other_o rich_a ware_n with_o which_o they_o serve_v the_o most_o place_n of_o europe_n they_o grow_v to_o a_o incredible_a wealth_n which_o give_v life_n unto_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o city_n the_o pomp_n of_o their_o building_n and_o other_o singular_a beauty_n but_o after_o the_o foundation_n and_o increase_n of_o that_o famous_a city_n of_o venice_n the_o say_a trade_n turn_v that_o way_n and_o since_o likewise_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o do_v come_v into_o england_n spain_n and_o the_o low-countries_n by_o navigation_n direct_o from_o the_o east-indies_n which_o alteration_n in_o the_o traffic_n have_v force_v they_o of_o genova_n to_o change_v their_o course_n of_o trade_n with_o ware_n into_o exchange_v of_o their_o money_n which_o for_o gain_n they_o spread_v not_o only_o into_o divers_a country_n where_o the_o trade_n be_v perform_v with_o merchandise_n but_o more_o especial_o they_o do_v therewith_o serve_v the_o want_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o flanders_n and_o other_o place_n for_o their_o war_n whereby_o the_o private_a merchant_n be_v much_o enrich_v but_o the_o public_a treasure_n by_o this_o course_n be_v not_o increase_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genova_n do_v suffer_v this_o inconvenience_n be_v these_o first_o and_o priucipal_o they_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v those_o trade_n which_o they_o can_v keep_v from_o other_o nation_n who_o have_v better_a mean_n by_o situation_n ware_n ship_n munition_n and_o the_o like_a to_o perform_v these_o affair_n with_o more_o advantage_n than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v second_o they_o proceed_v like_o a_o wife_n state_n who_o still_o retain_v as_o much_o trade_n as_o they_o can_v although_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o procure_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v for_o have_v few_o or_o no_o material_n of_o their_o own_o to_o employ_v their_o people_n yet_o they_o supply_v this_o want_n by_o the_o fleece-wools_a of_o spain_n and_o raw_a silk_n of_o sicilia_n work_v they_o into_o velvet_n damask_n satin_n wollen-drapery_n and_o other_o manufacture_n three_o whereas_o they_o find_v no_o mean_n in_o their_o own_o country_n to_o employ_v and_o trade_n their_o great_a wealth_n to_o profit_n they_o content_v themselves_o to_o do_v it_o in_o spain_n and_o other_o place_n either_o in_o merchandise_n or_o by_o exchange_v their_o money_n for_o gain_n to_o those_o merchant_n who_o trade_n therewith_o in_o ware_n and_o thus_o wheresoever_o they_o live_v abroad_o for_o a_o time_n circult_v the_o world_n for_o gain_n yet_o in_o the_o end_n the_o centre_n of_o this_o profit_n be_v in_o their_o own_o native_a country_n last_o the_o government_n of_o genova_n be_v aristocracy_n they_o be_v assure_v that_o although_o the_o public_a get_v little_a yet_o if_o their_o private_a merchant_n gain_v much_o from_o stranger_n they_o shall_v do_v well_o enough_o because_o the_o rich_a and_o secure_a treasure_n of_o a_o free_a state_n be_v the_o riches_n of_o the_o nobility_n who_o in_o genova_n be_v merchant_n which_o fall_v not_o out_o so_o in_o a_o monarchy_n where_o between_o the_o come_n in_o of_o a_o prince_n and_o the_o mean_n of_o private_a man_n there_o be_v this_o distinction_n of_o meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la but_o in_fw-la the_o occasion_n and_o danger_n of_o a_o republic_n or_o commonwealth_n where_o liberty_n and_o government_n may_v be_v change_v into_o servitude_n there_o the_o proper_a substance_n of_o private_a man_n be_v the_o public_a treasure_n ready_a to_o be_v spend_v with_o their_o life_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o sovereignty_n to_o the_o twenty_o four_o if_o a_o merchant_n shall_v buy_v ware_n here_o with_o intention_n to_o send_v they_o for_o venice_n and_o then_o value_v they_o as_o the_o exchange_n come_v from_o thence_o to_o london_n he_o may_v find_v himself_o far_o wide_a of_o his_o reckon_n for_o before_o his_o good_n arrive_v at_o venice_n both_o the_o price_n of_o his_o ware_n and_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o exchange_n may_v alter_v very_o much_o but_o if_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n be_v that_o this_o valuation_n may_v be_v make_v after_o the_o good_n arrive_v and_o be_v sell_v at_o venice_n and_o the_o money_n remit_v hither_o by_o exchange_n or_o else_o the_o money_n which_o buy_v the_o say_v ware_n here_o may_v be_v value_v as_o the_o exchange_n pass_v at_o that_o time_n from_o hence_o to_o venice_n be_v not_o all_o this_o very_a common_a and_o easy_a business_n unworthy_a to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o number_n of_o admirable_a feat_n to_o the_o ten_o although_o a_o rich_a prince_n have_v great_a power_n yet_o be_v there_o not_o power_n in_o every_o rich_a prince_n to_o make_v the_o staple_n of_o money_n run_v where_o he_o please_v for_o the_o staple_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v not_o where_o it_o may_v be_v have_v but_o where_o the_o thing_n do_v most_o of_o all_o abound_v whereupon_o we_o common_o say_v that_o the_o spaniard_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o great_a treasure_n in_o the_o west_n indies_n have_v the_o fountain_n or_o staple_n of_o money_n which_o he_o move_v and_o cause_v to_o run_v into_o italy_n germany_n and_o the_o low_a country_n or_o other_o place_n where_o his_o occasion_n do_v require_v it_o either_o for_o peace_n or_o war._n neither_o be_v this_o effect_v by_o any_o singular_a power_n of_o the_o exchange_n but_o by_o divers_a way_n and_o mean_n fit_v those_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v for_o if_o the_o use_v thereof_o be_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o france_n to_o maintain_v a_o war_n there_o then_o may_v it_o be_v safe_o send_v in_o specie_fw-la on_o carriage_n by_o land_n if_o in_o italy_n on_o galley_n by_o sea_n if_o in_o the_o low-countries_n on_o ship_n by_o sea_n also_o but_o yet_o with_o more_o danger_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o potent_a enemy_n in_o that_o passage_n wherefore_o in_o this_o occasion_n although_o the_o exchange_n be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a yet_o be_v it_o very_o useful_a and_o because_o the_o spaniard_n want_v of_o gommodity_n from_o germany_n and_o the_o low-countries_n be_v great_a in_o value_n than_o the_o spanish_a ware_n which_o be_v carry_v into_o those_o part_n therefore_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n can_v be_v furnish_v there_o from_o his_o own_o subject_n with_o money_n by_o exchange_n but_o be_v and_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n enforce_v to_o carry_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o treasure_n in_o galley_n for_o italy_n flanders_n how_o the_o italian_n be_v enable_v to_o furnish_v spain_n with_o money_n in_o flanders_n where_o the_o italian_n and_o among_o they_o the_o merchant_n of_o genova_n especial_o do_v take_v the_o same_o and_o repay_v the_o value_n thereof_o in_o flanders_n whereunto_o they_o be_v enable_v by_o their_o trade_n with_o many_o rich_a commodity_n which_o they_o send_v continual_o out_o of_o italy_n into_o those_o country_n and_o the_o place_n thereabouts_o from_o whence_o the_o italian_n return_v no_o great_a value_n in_o ware_n but_o deliver_v their_o money_n for_o the_o service_n of_o spain_n and_o receive_v the_o value_n by_o exchange_n in_o italy_n out_o of_o the_o spanish_a treasure_n which_o be_v bring_v thither_o in_o galley_n as_o be_v afore-written_a so_o that_o by_o this_o we_o plain_o see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o power_n of_o exchange_n that_o do_v enforce_v treasure_n where_o the_o rich_a prince_n will_v have_v it_o but_o it_o be_v the_o money_n proceed_v of_o ware_n in_o foreign_a trade_n that_o do_v enforce_v the_o exchange_n and_o rule_v the_o price_n thereof_o high_a or_o low_o according_a to_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o the_o
from_o the_o majesty_n of_o a_o prince_n but_o these_o dangerous_a disorder_n be_v seldom_o see_v especial_o in_o such_o state_n as_o be_v afore-named_n because_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o public_a treasure_n be_v in_o the_o power_n and_o under_o the_o discretion_n of_o many_o neither_o be_v it_o unknown_a to_o all_o other_o principality_n and_o government_n that_o the_o end_n of_o such_o excess_n be_v ever_o ruinous_a for_o they_o cause_v great_a want_n and_o poverty_n which_o often_o drive_v they_o from_o all_o order_n to_o exorbitance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v common_a policy_n among_o prince_n to_o prevent_v such_o mischief_n with_o great_a care_n and_o providence_n by_o do_v nothing_o that_o may_v cause_v the_o nobility_n to_o despair_v of_o their_o safety_n nor_o leave_v any_o thing_n undo_v which_o may_v gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o commonalty_n to_o keep_v all_o in_o due_a obedience_n but_o now_o before_o we_o end_v this_o point_n in_o hand_n we_o must_v remember_v likewise_o that_o all_o body_n be_v not_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o constitution_n for_o that_o which_o be_v physic_n to_o one_o man_n be_v little_o better_a than_o poison_n to_o another_o tax_n some_o state_n can_v not_o subsist_v but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o heavy_a tax_n the_o state_n afore-written_a and_o divers_a other_o like_v to_o they_o can_v subsist_v by_o the_o help_n of_o those_o extraordinary_a contribution_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v because_o they_o be_v not_o able_a otherwise_o in_o short_a time_n to_o raise_v sufficient_a treasure_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o a_o potent_a enemy_n who_o have_v power_n to_o invade_v they_o on_o the_o sudden_a as_o be_v already_o declare_v but_o a_o mighty_a prince_n who_o dominion_n be_v great_a and_o unite_a his_o subject_n many_o and_o loyal_a his_o country_n rich_a both_o by_o nature_n and_o traffic_n his_o victual_n and_o warlike_a provision_n plentiful_a and_o ready_a his_o situation_n easy_a to_o offend_v other_o and_o difficult_a to_o be_v invade_v his_o harbour_n good_a his_o navy_n strong_a his_o alliance_n powerful_a and_o his_o ordinary_a revenue_n sufficient_a subject_n prince_n who_o have_v no_o just_a cause_n to_o say_v extraordinary_a and_o heavy_a tax_n upon_o their_o subject_n royal_o to_o support_v the_o majesty_n of_o his_o state_n beside_o a_o reasonable_a sum_n which_o may_v be_v advance_v to_o lay_v up_o yearly_a in_o treasure_n for_o future_a occasion_n shall_v not_o all_o these_o blessing_n be_v well_o order_v enable_v a_o prince_n against_o the_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o any_o mighty_a enemy_n without_o impose_v those_o extraordinary_a and_o heavy_a tax_n shall_v not_o the_o wealthy_a and_o loyal_a subject_n of_o such_o a_o great_a and_o just_a prince_n maintain_v his_o honour_n and_o their_o own_o liberty_n with_o life_n and_o good_n always_o supply_v the_o treasure_n of_o their_o sovereign_n until_o by_o a_o well-ordered_a war_n he_o may_v enforce_v a_o happy_a peace_n yes_o very_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v expect_v and_o thus_o shall_v a_o mighty_a prince_n be_v more_o powerful_a in_o preserve_v the_o wealth_n and_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n than_o by_o treasure_v up_o their_o riches_n with_o unnecessary_a tax_n which_o can_v but_o alter_v and_o provoke_v they_o yea_o but_o say_v some_o man_n we_o may_v easy_o contradict_v all_o this_o by_o example_n take_v from_o some_o of_o the_o great_a monarch_n in_o christendom_n who_o beside_o those_o income_n which_o here_o be_v term_v ordinary_a they_o add_v likewise_o all_o or_o the_o most_o of_o the_o other_o heavy_a contribution_n all_o which_o we_o grant_v and_o more_o for_o they_o use_v also_o to_o sell_v their_o office_n and_o place_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v a_o act_n both_o base_a and_o wicked_a because_o it_o rob_v worthy_a man_n of_o their_o merit_n and_o betray_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o innocent_a whereby_o god_n be_v displease_v the_o people_n oppress_v and_o virtue_n banish_v from_o such_o unhappy_a kingdom_n shall_v we_o then_o say_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v lawful_a and_o necessary_a because_o they_o be_v use_v god_n forbid_v we_o know_v better_o and_o we_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o these_o exaction_n be_v not_o take_v for_o a_o necessary_a defence_n of_o their_o own_o right_n but_o through_o pride_n and_o covetousness_n to_o add_v kingdom_n to_o kingdom_n and_o so_o to_o usurp_v the_o right_n of_o other_o subject_n the_o finist_a end_n which_o some_o great_a prince_n have_v in_o lay_v heavy_a tax_n upon_o their_o subject_n which_o action_n of_o impiety_n be_v ever_o shadow_v with_o some_o fair_a pretence_n of_o sanctity_n as_o be_v do_v for_o the_o catholic_n cause_n the_o propagation_n of_o the_o church_n the_o suppression_n of_o heretic_n and_o such_o like_a delusion_n serve_v only_o to_o further_a their_o own_o ambition_n whereof_o in_o this_o place_n it_o shall_v be_v needless_a to_o make_v any_o large_a discourse_n chap._n xvii_o whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o great_a prince_n to_o lay_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n before_o we_o set_v down_o the_o quantity_n of_o treasure_n which_o prince_n may_v convenient_o lay_v up_o yearly_o without_o hurt_v the_o commonwealth_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o examine_v whether_o the_o act_n itself_o of_o treasure_v be_v necessary_a for_o in_o common_a conference_n we_o ever_o find_v some_o man_n who_o do_v so_o much_o dote_v or_o hope_n upon_o the_o liberality_n of_o prince_n that_o they_o term_v it_o baseness_n and_o conceive_v it_o needless_a for_o they_o to_o lay_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n account_v the_o honour_n and_o safety_n of_o great_a prince_n to_o consist_v more_o in_o their_o bounty_n than_o in_o their_o money_n which_o they_o labour_v to_o confirm_v by_o the_o example_n of_o caesar_n alexander_n and_o other_o who_o hate_v covetousness_n achieve_v many_o act_n and_o victory_n by_o lavish_a gift_n and_o liberal_a expense_n unto_o which_o they_o add_v also_o the_o little_a fruit_n which_o come_v by_o that_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o king_n david_n lay_v up_o and_o leave_v to_o his_o son_n solomon_n who_o notwithstanding_o this_o and_o all_o his_o other_o rich_a present_n and_o wealthy_a traffic_n in_o a_o quiet_a reign_n consume_v all_o with_o pomp_n and_o vain_a delight_n except_v only_o that_o which_o be_v spend_v in_o building_n of_o the_o temple_n whereupon_o say_v they_o if_o so_o much_o treasure_n gather_v by_o so_o just_a a_o king_n effect_v so_o little_a what_o shall_v we_o hope_v for_o by_o the_o endeavour_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o other_o prince_n sardanapalus_n leave_v ten_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o they_o that_o fly_v he_o darius_n leave_v twenty_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o alexander_n that_o take_v he_o nero_n be_v leave_v rich_a and_o extort_v much_o from_o his_o best_a subject_n give_v away_o above_o twelve_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o his_o base_a flatterer_n and_o such_o unworthy_a person_n which_o cause_v galba_n after_o he_o to_o revoke_v those_o gift_n a_o prince_n who_o have_v store_n of_o money_n hate_v peace_n despise_v the_o friendship_n of_o his_o neighbour_n and_o ally_n enter_v not_o only_o into_o unnecessary_a but_o also_o into_o dangerous_a war_n to_o ruin_v and_o overthrow_n sometime_o of_o his_o own_o estate_n all_o which_o with_o divers_a other_o weak_a argument_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o for_o brevity_n i_o omit_v make_v nothing_o against_o the_o lawful_a gathering_n and_o massing_n up_o of_o treasure_n by_o wise_a and_o provident_a prince_n if_o they_o be_v right_o understand_v for_o first_o concern_v those_o worthy_n who_o have_v obtain_v to_o the_o high_a top_n of_o honour_n and_o dignity_n by_o their_o great_a gift_n and_o expense_n who_o know_v not_o that_o this_o have_v be_v do_v rather_o upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o their_o enemy_n than_o out_o of_o their_o own_o coffer_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o bounty_n that_o cause_v neither_o loss_n nor_o peril_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o prince_n which_o do_v not_o provident_o lay_v up_o treasure_n or_o do_v immoderate_o consume_v the_o same_o when_o they_o have_v it_o will_v sudden_o come_v to_o want_v and_o misery_n hand_n excess_n and_o bounty_n bring_v beggary_n which_o make_v most_o man_n devise_v in_o their_o head_n how_o to_o extort_v and_o get_v money_n into_o their_o hand_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o do_v so_o soon_o decayas_n excessive_a bounty_n in_o use_v whereof_o they_o want_v the_o mean_n to_o use_v it_o and_o this_o be_v king_n solomon_n case_n notwithstanding_o his_o infinite_a treasure_n which_o make_v he_o overburthen_n his_o subject_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o for_o this_o cause_n many_o of_o they_o rebel_v against_o his_o son_n rehoboam_n who_o thereby_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o dominion_n be_v so_o gross_o mislead_v by_o his_o young_a counsellor_n therefore_o a_o prince_n that_o will_v not_o oppress_v his_o people_n and_o yet_o be_v able_a to_o
estate_n they_o seem_v not_o the_o same_o people_n spaniard_n those_o prince_n which_o willing_o support_v the_o dutch_a will_v as_o resolute_o resist_v the_o spaniard_n for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o condition_n of_o those_o province_n be_v mean_a and_o turbulent_a under_o the_o spaniard_n government_n which_o bring_v rather_o a_o great_a charge_n than_o a_o further_a strength_n to_o to_o their_o ambition_n neither_o will_v it_o prove_v over_o difficult_a for_o the_o neighbour_n prince_n in_o short_a time_n to_o reduce_v those_o country_n to_o their_o former_a estate_n again_o if_o their_o own_o safety_n do_v require_v the_o same_o as_o certain_o it_o will_v if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v sole_a lord_n of_o those_o netherlands_o but_o our_o discourse_n tend_v not_o to_o show_v the_o mean_n of_o those_o mutation_n otherwise_o than_o to_o find_v out_o the_o chief_a foundation_n of_o the_o hollander_n wealth_n and_o greatness_n for_o it_o seem_v a_o wonder_n to_o the_o world_n that_o such_o a_o small_a country_n not_o full_o so_o big_a as_o two_o of_o our_o big_a shire_n have_v little_a natural_a wealth_n victual_n timber_n or_o other_o necessary_a ammunition_n either_o for_o war_n or_o peace_n shall_v notwithstanding_o possess_v they_o all_o in_o such_o extraordinary_a plenty_n that_o beside_o their_o own_o want_n which_o be_v very_o great_a they_o can_v and_o do_v likewise_o serve_v and_o sell_v to_o other_o prince_n ship_n ordnance_n cordage_n corn_n powder_n shot_n and_o what_o not_o which_o by_o their_o industrious_a trade_n they_o gather_v from_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n honesty_n much_o policy_n but_o little_a honesty_n in_o which_o course_n they_o be_v not_o less_o injurious_a to_o supplant_v other_o especial_o the_o english_a than_o they_o be_v careful_a to_o strengthen_v themselves_o and_o to_o effect_v this_o and_o more_o than_o have_v be_v say_v which_o be_v their_o war_n with_o spain_n they_o have_v little_a foundation_n beside_o the_o fish_n which_o be_v permit_v they_o in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n be_v indeed_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o incredible_a wealth_n and_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n as_o robert_n hichcock_n tobias_n gentleman_n and_o other_o have_v publish_v at_o large_a in_o print_n to_o they_o that_o listen_v to_o read_v and_o the_o states-general_n themselves_o in_o their_o proclamation_n have_v ingenious_o set_v out_o the_o worth_a thereof_o in_o these_o word_n follow_v 1624._o part_v of_o the_o state_n proclamation_n date_v in_o the_o hague_n 19_o july_n 1624._o the_o great_a fish_n and_o catch_v of_o herring_n be_v the_o chief_a trade_n and_o principal_a gold_n mine_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n whereby_o many_o thousand_o of_o household_n family_n handicraft_n trade_n and_o occupation_n be_v set_v on_o work_n well_o maintain_v and_o prosper_v especial_o the_o sail_v and_o navigation_n as_o well_o within_o as_o without_o these_o country_n be_v keep_v in_o great_a estimation_n moreover_o many_o return_n of_o money_n with_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o mean_n convoy_n custom_n and_o revenue_n of_o these_o country_n be_v augment_v thereby_o and_o prosper_v with_o other_o word_n follow_v as_o be_v at_o large_a express_v in_o the_o say_a proclamation_n set_v forth_o by_o the_o states-general_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o say_a trade_n of_o fish_v without_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o they_o can_v long_o subsist_v in_o sovereignty_n for_o if_o this_o foundation_n perish_v the_o whole_a building_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n must_v fall_v for_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o ship_n will_v sudden_o decay_v their_o revenue_n and_o custom_n will_v become_v small_a their_o country_n will_v be_v depopulate_v for_o want_v of_o maintenance_n whereby_o the_o excise_n must_v fail_v and_o all_o their_o other_o trade_n to_o the_o east-indies_n or_o elsewhere_o must_v faint_v so_o that_o the_o glory_n and_o power_n of_o these_o netherlands_o consist_v in_o this_o fish_v of_o herring_n ling_n and_o cod_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n it_o rest_v therefore_o to_o know_v what_o right_o or_o title_n they_o have_v thereunto_o and_o how_o they_o be_v able_a to_o possess_v and_o keep_v the_o same_o against_o all_o other_o nation_n the_o answer_n to_o these_o two_o question_n be_v not_o difficult_a for_o first_o it_o be_v not_o the_o netherlandish_a author_n of_o mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la that_o can_v entitle_v they_o to_o fish_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n for_o beside_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o example_n of_o other_o country_n which_o may_v be_v allege_v i_o will_v only_o say_v that_o such_o title_n will_v be_v soon_o decide_v by_o sword_n than_o with_o word_n i_o do_v believe_v indeed_o that_o it_o be_v free_a for_o the_o fish_n to_o come_v thither_o at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o for_o the_o dutch_a to_o carry_v and_o carry_v they_o away_o from_o thence_o without_o his_o majesty_n licence_n i_o harbour_v no_o such_o thought_n there_o may_v be_v good_a policy_n to_o connive_v still_o and_o so_o long_o to_o permit_v they_o this_o fish_n as_o they_o be_v in_o perfect_a league_n with_o england_n and_o in_o war_n with_o spain_n but_o if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v master_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n as_o heretofore_o it_o will_v near_o concern_v these_o kingdom_n to_o claim_v their_o own_o right_n and_o careful_o to_o make_v as_o good_a use_n thereof_o for_o increase_v of_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o oppose_v that_o potent_a enemy_n as_o now_o the_o netherlander_n do_v and_o be_v well_o enable_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o which_o particular_a alone_o they_o be_v ever_o bind_v to_o acknowledge_v their_o strong_a alliance_n with_o england_n above_o all_o other_o nation_n for_o there_o be_v none_o that_o have_v the_o like_a good_a mean_n to_o lend_v they_o such_o a_o powerful_a maintenance_n compare_v fish_v and_o money_n compare_v nor_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o the_o spaniard_n if_o he_o have_v those_o country_n again_o to_o make_v a_o new_a foundation_n with_o the_o power_n of_o his_o money_n to_o increase_v his_o strength_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n to_o offend_v these_o kingdom_n more_o than_o he_o be_v now_o able_a to_o perform_v with_o the_o conveniency_n of_o those_o province_n which_o he_o have_v already_o in_o his_o possession_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o place_n but_o the_o employment_n not_o the_o barren_a netherlands_o but_o the_o rich_a fish_n which_o give_v foundation_n trade_n and_o subsistence_n to_o those_o multitude_n of_o ship_n art_n and_o people_n whereby_o also_o the_o excise_n and_o other_o public_a revenue_n be_v continue_v and_o without_o which_o employment_n all_o the_o say_v great_a dependence_n must_v necessary_o disbandon_v and_o fail_v in_o very_o short_a time_n for_o although_o i_o confess_v that_o store_n of_o money_n may_v bring_v they_o material_n which_o they_o altogether_o want_v and_o arts-man_n to_o build_v they_o ship_n yet_o where_o be_v the_o ware_n to_o freight_n and_o maintain_v they_o if_o money_n than_o shall_v be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o send_v they_o out_o in_o trade_n what_o a_o poor_a number_n of_o ship_n will_v this_o employ_v or_o if_o the_o uncertain_a occasion_n of_o war_n must_v support_v they_o will_v not_o this_o require_v another_o indies_n and_o all_o too_o little_a to_o maintain_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o so_o many_o ship_n and_o man_n as_o the_o hollander_n do_v now_o set_v on_o work_n by_o the_o fish_n and_o other_o trade_n thereon_o depend_v but_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o say_v that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o those_o netherlands_o his_o expense_n of_o the_o present_a war_n there_o will_v cease_v and_o so_o this_o power_n may_v be_v turn_v upon_o we_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o when_o prince_n send_v great_a force_n abroad_o to_o invade_v other_o they_o must_v likewise_o increase_v their_o charge_n and_o strength_n at_o home_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o also_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o if_o the_o spaniard_n will_v attempt_v any_o thing_n upon_o these_o kingdom_n he_o must_v consume_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o treasure_n in_o ship_n whereby_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o invade_a power_n of_o money_n and_o man_n to_o land_n will_v be_v much_o less_o than_o now_o it_o be_v in_o the_o low-countries_n nor_o shall_v we_o regard_v they_o but_o be_v ever_o ready_a to_o beard_v they_o when_o our_o wealth_n and_o strength_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n may_v be_v so_o much_o increase_v by_o the_o possession_n and_o practice_n of_o our_o fish_n of_o which_o particular_a i_o will_v yet_o say_v something_o more_o where_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v in_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o here_o in_o this_o place_n i_o will_v only_o add_v that_o if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v sole_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o netherlands_o he_o must_v then_o necessary_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n by_o sea_n to_o supply_v the_o
maxim_n be_v that_o where_o force_n can_v not_o prevail_v he_o always_o use_v bribe_n and_o money_n to_o corrupt_v those_o who_o may_v advance_v his_o fortune_n by_o which_o policy_n he_o give_v foundation_n to_o a_o monarchy_n and_o what_o know_v we_o but_o that_o the_o putch_n may_v aim_v at_o some_o such_o sovereignty_n when_o they_o shall_v find_v their_o indian_a attempt_n and_o other_o subtle_a plot_n succeed_v so_o prosperous_o do_v we_o not_o see_v their_o land_n be_v now_o become_v too_o little_a to_o contain_v this_o swel_v people_n whereby_o their_o ship_n and_o sea_n be_v make_v the_o habitation_n of_o great_a multitude_n and_o yet_o to_o give_v they_o further_o breed_v be_v they_o not_o spare_v from_o their_o own_o war_n to_o enrich_v the_o state_n and_o themselves_o by_o trade_n and_o art_n whilst_o by_o this_o policy_n many_o thousand_o of_o stranger_n be_v also_o draw_v thither_o for_o performance_n of_o their_o martial_a employment_n whereby_o the_o great_a revenue_n of_o their_o excise_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o increase_v and_o all_o thing_n so_o subtle_o contrive_v that_o although_o the_o foreign_a soldier_n be_v well_o pay_v yet_o all_o must_v be_v there_o again_o expend_v and_o thus_o the_o wealth_n remain_v still_o in_o their_o own_o country_n nor_o be_v the_o stranger_n enrich_v which_o do_v they_o this_o great_a service_n i_o have_v hear_v some_o italian_n wise_o and_o worthy_o discourse_n of_o the_o natural_a strength_n and_o wealth_n of_o england_n which_o they_o make_v to_o be_v matchless_a if_o we_o shall_v but_o in_o part_n apply_v ourselves_o to_o such_o policy_n and_o endeavour_n as_o be_v very_o common_o use_v in_o some_o other_o country_n of_o europe_n and_o much_o they_o have_v admire_v that_o our_o thought_n and_o jealousy_n attend_v only_o upon_o the_o spanish_a and_o french_a greatness_n never_o once_o suspect_v but_o constant_o embrace_v the_o netherlands_o as_o our_o best_a friend_n and_o ally_n when_o in_o truth_n as_o they_o well_o observe_v there_o be_v no_o people_n in_o christendom_n who_o do_v undermine_n hurt_n and_o eclipse_v we_o daily_o in_o our_o navigation_n and_o trade_n both_o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n and_o this_o not_o only_o in_o the_o rich_a fish_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o write_v but_o also_o in_o our_o inland_n trade_n between_o city_n and_o city_n in_o the_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n wool_n and_o the_o like_a make_v here_o in_o this_o kingdom_n wherein_o they_o never_o give_v employment_n or_o education_n in_o their_o art_n to_o the_o english_a but_o ever_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o jew_n where_o they_o abide_v in_o turkey_n and_o divers_a place_n of_o christendom_n they_o live_v whole_o to_o themselves_o in_o their_o own_o tribe_n so_o that_o we_o may_v true_o say_v of_o the_o dutch_a that_o although_o they_o be_v among_o we_o yet_o certain_o they_o be_v not_o of_o we_o no_o not_o they_o who_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v here_o in_o our_o own_o country_n for_o still_o they_o will_v be_v dutch_a not_o have_v so_o much_o as_o one_o drop_n of_o english_a blood_n in_o their_o heart_n more_o may_v be_v write_v of_o these_o netherlander_n pride_n and_o ambitious_a endeavour_n whereby_o they_o hope_v in_o time_n to_o grow_v mighty_a if_o they_o be_v not_o prevent_v and_o much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v of_o their_o cruel_a and_o unjust_a violence_n use_v especial_o to_o their_o best_a friend_n the_o english_a in_o matter_n of_o blood_n trade_n and_o other_o profit_n where_o they_o have_v have_v advantage_n and_o power_n to_o perform_v it_o but_o these_o thing_n be_v already_o publish_v in_o print_n to_o the_o view_n and_o admiration_n of_o the_o world_n wherefore_o i_o will_v conclude_v and_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v this_o that_o the_o unite_a province_n which_o now_o be_v so_o great_a a_o trouble_n if_o not_o a_o terror_n to_o the_o spaniard_n be_v heretofore_o little_o better_a than_o a_o charge_n to_o they_o in_o their_o possession_n and_o will_v be_v so_o again_o in_o the_o like_a occasion_n the_o reason_n whereof_o i_o may_v yet_o further_o enlarge_v but_o they_o be_v not_o pertinent_a to_o this_o discourse_n more_o than_o be_v already_o declare_v to_o show_v the_o different_a effect_n between_o natural_a and_o artificial_a wealth_n the_o first_o of_o which_o as_o be_v most_o noble_a and_o advantageous_a be_v always_o ready_a and_o certain_a so_o do_v it_o make_v the_o people_n careless_n proud_a and_o give_v to_o all_o excess_n whereas_o the_o second_o enforce_v vigilancy_n literature_n art_n and_o policy_n my_o wish_n therefore_o be_v that_o as_o england_n do_v plentiful_o enjoy_v the_o one_o and_o be_v full_o capable_a of_o the_o other_o that_o our_o endeavour_n may_v as_o worthy_o conjoin_v they_o both_o together_o to_o the_o reformation_n of_o our_o vicious_a idleness_n and_o great_a glory_n of_o these_o famous_a kingdom_n chap._n xx._n the_o order_n and_o mean_n whereby_o we_o may_v draw_v up_o the_o balance_n of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n now_o that_o we_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v the_o balance_n of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n to_o be_v the_o true_a rule_n of_o our_o treasure_n it_o rest_v that_o we_o show_v by_o who_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o say_a balance_n may_v be_v draw_v up_o at_o all_o time_n when_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o state_n to_o discover_v how_o we_o prosper_v or_o decline_v in_o this_o great_a and_o weighty_a business_n wherein_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o majesty_n custom_n be_v the_o only_a agent_n to_o be_v employ_v because_o they_o have_v the_o account_n of_o all_o the_o ware_n which_o be_v issue_v out_o or_o bring_v into_o the_o kingdom_n and_o although_o it_o be_v true_a they_o can_v exact_o set_v down_o the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o other_o man_n good_n buy_v here_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n yet_o nevertheless_o if_o they_o ground_n themselves_o upon_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o make_v such_o a_o estimate_n as_o may_v well_o satisfy_v this_o enquiry_n for_o it_o be_v not_o expect_v that_o such_o a_o account_n can_v possible_o be_v draw_v up_o to_o a_o just_a balance_n it_o will_v suffice_v only_o that_o the_o difference_n be_v not_o over_o great_a importation_n how_o we_o must_v value_v our_o exportation_n and_o importation_n first_o therefore_o concern_v our_o exportation_n when_o we_o have_v value_v their_o first_o cost_n we_o must_v add_v twenty_o five_o per_fw-la cent._n thereunto_o for_o the_o charge_n here_o for_o freight_n of_o ship_n insurance_n of_o the_o adventure_n and_o the_o merchant_n gain_n and_o for_o our_o fish_v trade_n which_o pay_v no_o custom_n to_o his_o majesty_n the_o value_n of_o such_o exportation_n may_v be_v easy_o esteem_v by_o good_a observation_n which_o have_v be_v make_v and_o may_v continual_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o increase_n or_o decrease_v of_o those_o affair_n the_o present_a estate_n of_o this_o commodity_n be_v value_v at_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n issue_v yearly_a also_o we_o must_v add_v to_o our_o exportation_n all_o the_o money_n which_o be_v carry_v out_o in_o trade_n by_o licence_n from_o his_o majesty_n 2_o dly_z for_o our_o importation_n of_o foreign_a ware_n the_o custom-book_n serve_v only_o to_o direct_v we_o concern_v the_o quantity_n for_o we_o must_v not_o value_v they_o as_o they_o be_v rate_v here_o but_o as_o they_o cost_v we_o with_o all_o charge_n lade_v into_o our_o ship_n beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o respective_a place_n where_o they_o be_v buy_v for_o the_o merchant_n gain_n the_o charge_n of_o insurance_n freight_n of_o ship_n custom_n impost_n and_o other_o duty_n here_o which_o do_v great_o endear_v they_o unto_o our_o use_n and_o consumption_n be_v notwithstanding_o but_o commutation_n among_o ourselves_o for_o the_o stranger_n have_v no_o part_n thereof_o wherefore_o our_o say_a importation_n ought_v to_o be_v value_v at_o twenty_o five_o per_fw-la cent._n less_o than_o they_o be_v rate_v to_o be_v worth_a here_o and_o although_o this_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v too_o great_a allowance_n upon_o many_o rich_a commodity_n which_o come_v but_o from_o the_o low-countries_n and_o other_o place_n near_o hand_n yet_o will_v it_o be_v find_v reasonable_a when_o we_o consider_v it_o in_o gross_a commodity_n and_o upon_o ware_n lade_v in_o remote_a country_n as_o our_o pepper_n which_o cost_v we_o with_o charge_n but_o four_o penny_n the_o pound_n so_o that_o when_o all_o be_v bring_v into_o a_o medium_fw-la the_o valuation_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v as_o afore-written_a and_o therefore_o the_o order_n which_o have_v be_v use_v to_o multiply_v the_o full_a rate_n upon_o ware_n inward_o by_o twenty_o will_v produce_v a_o very_a great_a error_n in_o the_o balance_n be_v the_o trade_n to_o the_o east-indies_n be_v not_o only_o great_a in_o itself_o but_o
the_o merchant_n map_n of_o commerce_n wherein_o the_o universal_a manner_n and_o matter_n relate_v to_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n be_v full_o treat_v of_o the_o standard_n and_o current_a coin_n of_o most_o prince_n and_o republic_n observe_v the_o real_a and_o imaginary_a coin_n of_o account_n and_o exchange_n express_v the_o natural_a product_n and_o artificial_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n for_o transportation_n declare_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o all_o eminent_a city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n in_o the_o universe_n collect_v one_o into_o another_o and_o all_o reduce_v to_o the_o meridian_n of_o commerce_n practise_v in_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o london_n by_o lewis_n roberts_n merchant_n useful_a for_o all_o person_n who_o shall_v be_v employ_v in_o public_a affair_n of_o prince_n in_o foreign_a part_n for_o gentleman_n and_o other_o travel_v abroad_o and_o for_o all_o merchant_n and_o their_o factor_n who_o negotiate_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o four_o edition_n careful_o correct_v and_o enlarge_v to_o which_o be_v annex_v advice_n concern_v bill_n of_o exchange_n wherein_o all_o matter_n relate_v to_o bill_n of_o exchange_n both_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a be_v full_o treat_v of_o together_o with_o that_o most_o perfect_n treatise_n of_o trade_n entitle_v england_n be_v benefit_n and_o advantage_n by_o foreign_a trade_n demonstrate_v by_o tho._n must_n of_o london_n merchant_n london_n print_v for_o thomas_n horn_n at_o the_o south_n entrance_n of_o the_o royal_a exchange_n in_o cornhill_n 1700._o the_o author_n epistle_n dedicate_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n in_o general_a give_v a_o prospect_n of_o the_o ensue_a work_n gentleman_n i_o be_v not_o ignorant_a when_o first_o i_o undertake_v this_o task_n and_o busy_v myself_o to_o compass_v this_o work_n how_o difficult_a it_o will_v prove_v to_o be_v in_o it_o self_n what_o slender_a furtherance_n i_o have_v to_o accomplish_v the_o same_o and_o how_o weak_a my_o own_o ability_n be_v to_o give_v it_o perfection_n yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o obstacle_n when_o i_o have_v due_o consider_v the_o general_a want_n thereof_o and_o the_o common_a benefit_n and_o advantage_n that_o will_v redound_v thereby_o especial_o to_o merchant_n i_o resolve_v to_o take_v the_o same_o in_o hand_n and_o cheerful_o and_o willing_o lay_v both_o my_o hand_n to_o the_o work_n and_o my_o shoulder_n to_o the_o burden_n collect_v and_o gather_v with_o laborious_a industry_n and_o industrious_a labour_n all_o those_o principal_a point_n and_o head_n as_o may_v either_o conduce_v to_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o building_n or_o any_o way_n further_o my_o intend_a fabric_n so_o that_o by_o my_o continual_a toil_n and_o search_v after_o fit_a and_o apt_a material_n i_o hope_v that_o at_o length_n a_o good_a issue_n will_v crown_v my_o endeavour_n and_o finish_v this_o my_o intend_a undertake_v task_n but_o after_o long_a and_o tedious_a inquisition_n i_o find_v that_o the_o far_o i_o sail_v in_o this_o ocean_n the_o vast_a be_v my_o desire_n and_o the_o few_o be_v my_o furtherance_n to_o my_o wish_a port_n so_o that_o perceive_v the_o work_n thus_o to_o increase_v upon_o i_o beyond_o my_o expectation_n and_o first_o purpose_n i_o be_v constrain_v with_o the_o wind-scanted_n seaman_n to_o cast_v about_o again_o and_o limit_v myself_o to_o a_o narrow_a scantling_n for_o that_o to_o do_v it_o at_o large_a and_o as_o the_o matter_n punctual_o require_v be_v far_o beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o my_o knowledge_n yet_o because_o i_o can_v not_o do_v as_o i_o will_v i_o resolve_v to_o do_v as_o i_o can_v and_o thereupon_o begin_v again_o to_o cast_v these_o my_o first_o scatter_v collection_n into_o a_o lesser_a mould_n and_o reduce_v my_o first_o thought_n and_o observation_n into_o such_o a_o second_o limit_n and_o order_n as_o may_v best_o befit_v my_o experience_n and_o the_o compass_n to_o which_o now_o i_o have_v confine_v it_o conceive_v that_o as_o my_o intention_n join_v to_o my_o labour_n and_o pain_n herein_o tend_v only_o to_o the_o good_a of_o other_o and_o principal_o of_o merchant_n and_o their_o factor_n that_o reside_v or_o negotiate_v in_o foreign_a part_n so_o they_o will_v in_o requital_n be_v induce_v to_o have_v a_o good_a opinion_n thereof_o as_o a_o reward_n to_o i_o for_o the_o benefit_n that_o shall_v redound_v to_o they_o by_o the_o same_o excuse_v those_o error_n which_o peradventure_o the_o better_a experience_a may_v by_o trial_n find_v in_o the_o perusal_n of_o this_o work_n and_o the_o defect_n which_o my_o ignorance_n have_v enforce_v i_o to_o let_v pass_v which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o matter_n the_o same_o be_v most_o subject_a unto_o and_o the_o rather_o because_o i_o have_v be_v constrain_v oftentimes_o in_o this_o desert_n to_o travel_v without_o a_o certain_a guide_n and_o not_o seldom_o to_o navigate_v by_o another_o compass_n have_v not_o in_o any_o language_n or_o country_n meet_v with_o any_o author_n that_o can_v either_o total_o conduct_v i_o or_o true_o rectify_v my_o step_n when_o i_o go_v astray_o yet_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o meet_v with_o some_o that_o shot_n at_o the_o mark_n i_o aim_v at_o but_o it_o be_v at_o random_n and_o come_v not_o home_n to_o my_o purpose_a blank_n other_o i_o find_v who_o take_v up_o stuff_n upon_o trust_n but_o at_o length_n i_o be_v further_v by_o some_o friend_n who_o star_n lead_v i_o when_o i_o be_v benight_a and_o who_o candle_n light_v i_o when_o otherwise_o i_o shall_v have_v stumble_v by_o which_o mean_n and_o my_o own_o twelve_o year_n collection_n during_o my_o abode_n and_o employment_n in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o world_n i_o have_v at_o last_o by_o due_a sound_v of_o the_o channel_n safe_o sail_v over_o the_o ocean_n aforementioned_a and_o bring_v my_o bark_n to_o a_o anchor_n in_o her_o desire_a harbour_n and_o i_o hope_v so_o well_o observe_v the_o depth_n shoal_n rock_n and_o sand_n thereof_o that_o he_o that_o navigate_v after_o i_o and_o by_o this_o my_o map_n shall_v be_v secure_v from_o all_o danger_n and_o thereby_o bring_v his_o account_n to_o that_o wish_a port_n that_o may_v prove_v both_o to_o his_o own_o profit_n and_o commodity_n now_o gentleman_n have_v thus_o then_o understand_v with_o what_o industry_n and_o care_n the_o material_n of_o this_o edifice_n have_v be_v collect_v what_o pain_n have_v be_v use_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o this_o conclusion_n and_o perfection_n and_o have_v true_o weigh_v the_o benefit_n arise_v thereby_o all_o these_o i_o suppose_v be_v effectual_a inducement_n to_o challenge_v a_o fair_a acceptance_n from_o you_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o real_a argument_n i_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o work_n itself_o may_v not_o only_o suffer_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o censorious_a but_o be_v also_o subject_a to_o the_o verdict_n of_o the_o judicious_a but_o i_o be_o certain_a the_o foundation_n of_o it_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o knowledge_n of_o geography_n and_o the_o use_n of_o map_n and_o sea-card_n in_o general_n so_o delightful_a profitable_a and_o necessary_a to_o the_o merchant_n the_o study_n of_o which_o must_v not_o be_v neglect_v by_o any_o person_n who_o will_v be_v esteem_v a_o expert_a trader_n in_o raise_v our_o structure_n i_o describe_v first_o the_o empire_n kingdom_n and_o republic_n of_o this_o habitable_a world_n next_o the_o particular_a province_n of_o each_o and_o then_o the_o most_o celebrate_a town_n of_o traffic_n therein_o together_o with_o their_o natural_a product_n artificial_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n then_o i_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o several_a coin_n there_o in_o use_n and_o current_n with_o the_o value_n and_o denomination_n of_o they_o and_o the_o species_n wherein_o merchant_n do_v there_o frame_v and_o regulate_v their_o account_n by_o also_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o those_o place_n together_o with_o their_o exchange_n and_o how_o those_o be_v find_v to_o be_v calculate_v among_o the_o italian_n who_o be_v account_v the_o most_o expert_a banker_n and_o exchanger_n in_o the_o world_n last_o i_o have_v add_v a_o table_n of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o all_o these_o eminent_a place_n of_o traffic_n not_o only_o thereby_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curious_a but_o the_o better_a to_o guide_v the_o inquir_a to_o any_o such_o city_n or_o town_n seek_v for_o and_o in_o all_o this_o work_v my_o chief_a ambition_n have_v be_v to_o please_v all_o merchant_n in_o general_a and_o if_o i_o may_v not_o be_v think_v to_o judge_v too_o favourable_o of_o my_o own_o endeavour_n i_o hope_v shall_v not_o fail_v therein_o but_o i_o be_o almost_o confident_a be_v my_o labour_n due_o weigh_v my_o work_n may_v challenge_v acceptance_n however_o i_o offer_v it_o to_o the_o public_a for_o their_o benefit_n and_o from_o the_o great_a respect_n
and_o native_a and_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o chalder_n which_o must_v be_v take_v from_o the_o measure_n of_o newcastle_n where_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o coal_n be_v find_v and_o they_o measure_v there_o by_o the_o chalder_n fill_v up_o whereof_o 7½_n chalder_n make_v a_o last_o and_o be_v measure_v in_o give_v 21_o for_o 20._o the_o correspondence_n thereof_o be_v the_o last_o of_o newcastle_n of_o 7½_n chalder_n be_v in_o london_n and_o yarmouth_n 10_o chaler_n roven_n 100_o barrel_n give_v 104_o for_o 100_o bruges_n and_o ostend_n 100_o measure_n for_o oat_n dort_n 12_o hort_fw-mi also_o by_o weigh_v of_o 144_o l._n of_o 24_o stone_n of_o 6_o l._n gaunt_z 144_o sack_n or_o 24_o mud_n alst_n 200_o mud_n antwerp_n 175_o vertil_n condet_fw-la 44_o muy_v 80_o make_v a_o cherk_n zealand_n 68_o herring-barrel_n middleburg_n by_o weigh_v of_o 108_o l._n amsterdam_n 13â—_n loot_v of_o 38_o measure_n wine_n measure_n of_o wine_n wine_n be_v sell_v in_o england_n by_o the_o tun_n of_o 252_o gallon_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o wâ—…_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o sundry_a country_n come_v to_o england_n it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v set_v down_o how_o the_o tun_n of_o 252_o gallon_n do_v correspond_v with_o other_o place_n it_o than_o make_v in_o antwerp_n 6_o ames_o contain_v 300_o stoop_n every_o stoop_n weigh_v 6_o l._n call_v a_o stone_n every_z am_z be_v 50_o stoop_n or_o 42_o gallon_n and_o every_o stoop_n be_v 9½_n pint_n english_a in_o paris_n and_o orleans_n 4_o hogshead_n make_v 10_o stoop_n every_o hogshead_n 312_o stoop_n and_o at_o peris_fw-la 36_o sextier_n each_o sextier_n be_v 4_o quart_n every_o quart_n 2_o pint_n be_v 288_o pint_n and_o each_o pint_n be_v a_o chapin_n in_o bourdeaux_n 4½_n hogshead_n in_o lisbon_n 5½_n hogshead_n in_o auxere_fw-la in_o burgundy_n 3_o puncheon_n in_o poitou_n 2¼_n pipe_n in_o coniaque_fw-la 2_o pipe_n or_o 4_o hogshead_n in_o ay_o and_o artou_n 4â…”_n hogshead_n in_o seres_n or_o canary_n 2_o pipe_n of_o 150_o stoop_n or_o 1_o but_z and_z 9_o 20_o every_o but_o be_v in_o antwerp_n 158_o stoop_v they_o measure_v by_o the_o rove_v of_o 30_o l._n be_v 5_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n which_o be_v about_o 5â…ž_n gallon_n and_o every_o but_o contain_v 30_o rove_n and_o the_o pipe_n contain_v 30_o rove_n of_o 28_o l._n in_o candado_fw-es be_v 2_o butt_n in_o madrid_n 2_o pipe_n lack_v 16_o stoop_n or_o about_o 19_o gallon_n in_o sevil_n 56_o â—_o 4_o rove_v of_o romani_n a_o rove_v be_v 8_o summer_n every_o summer_n be_v 4_o quartil_n every_o quartil_a be_v â—_o 8_o of_o a_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n which_o be_v about_o 1½_n pint_n english_a and_o they_o do_v deliver_v 27_o and_o 28_o rove_n in_o a_o pipe_n but_o of_o oil_n measure_n by_o 40_o and_o 41_o rove_n in_o a_o pipe_n in_o ansoy_n or_o bastard_n 2_o pipe_n 16_o stoop_n for_o the_o say_v 6_o ames_o in_o lisbon_n 37½_n almude_n of_o 1½_n rove_v of_o sevil_n every_o almuda_n be_v 12_o covado_n or_o summer_n at_o sevil_n a_o covade_v be_v 12_o quart_n oil_n measure_n by_o alqueri_n or_o cantar_n every_o alqueri_n be_v 6_o covado_n every_o cantar_n be_v 4_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n or_o 4½_n gallon_n english_a in_o algorn_v 34_o star_n in_o florence_n 16â…”_n barrel_n of_o 20_o fiaschi_n or_o 18_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n the_o 3_o barrel_n be_v one_o star_n and_o each_o star_n be_v 54_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n or_o 64_o gallon_n english_a in_o rome_n 7½_n brontons_n every_o bront_n be_v 96_o bocal_n or_o 13½_n rubes_z or_o stone_n of_o 10_o l._n of_o 30_o ounce_n in_o one_o bront_n or_o 42_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n for_o honey_n the_o pound_n be_v 44_o ounce_n in_o candia_n 80_o mostache_n in_o a_o but_o of_o 34_o and_o 35_o mostache_n of_o 3¼_n stoop_v of_o antwerp_n or_o cirea_fw-la 4_o â—_o â—_o gallon_n english_a in_o bolonia_n 13_o corbe_n incirca_fw-la 19½_n gallon_n english_a each_o corbe_n in_o milan_n 1_o and_o â—_o 25_o cara_fw-it the_o oil_n be_v by_o the_o milly_a of_o 1185_o l._n be_v in_o antwerp_n 1100_o l._n make_v 152_o stoop_n in_o a_o but._n in_o venice_n 80_o mostati_fw-la the_o 38_o make_v a_o but_o and_o 76_o make_v a_o amphora_n 16_o â—_o 3_o quarti_fw-la besont_v measure_v the_o 4_o bigont_n 1_o bigout_n be_v a_o french_a hogshead_n 1_o quart_n 18_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n 15â…”_n quarti_fw-la measure_n secchio_n or_o small_a measure_n of_o 4_o tischaufer_n amphera_n 4_o bigot_n or_o bigantine_n 16_o quartibigot_n measure_n 18½_n quarti_fw-la secchio_n lagol_n be_v a_o puncheon_n amphora_fw-it be_v 2_o ames_o which_o be_v 84_o gallon_n and_o for_o oil_n they_o measure_v by_o amâ—hora_fw-it also_o and_o for_o honey_n but_o most_o by_o milly_a of_o 1210_o l._n in_o verona_n 1½_n cara_fw-it 14_o brent_n every_o burn_v be_v 16_o base_n oil_n by_o the_o milly_a of_o 1738_o be_v 8_o brenten_a and_o 11_o base_n in_o ferrara_n 12_o mastilli_n of_o 8_o secchio_n each_o mastilli_n be_v 21_o gallon_n in_o vicentia_n 1_o â—_o 26_o cara_fw-it and_o the_o oil_n by_o the_o milly_a of_o venice_n in_o treviso_n 11_o consi_fw-la 10_o consi_fw-la make_n 1_o cara_fw-it in_o corfu_n and_o zante_n 37_o zare_n or_o sare_z and_z each_z sare_z be_v near_o 6½_n gallon_n in_o istria_n 15_o venas_fw-la near_o 17_o gallon_n in_o tunis_n 60_o matali_fw-la of_o 32_o rotolos_fw-la every_o matali_fw-la make_v about_o 4¼_n gallon_n english_a in_o tripoli_n in_o barbary_n 45_o metares_fw-la of_o 42_o rotolos_fw-la and_o each_o metara_fw-mi be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o â—2½_n gallâ—…s_v english_a in_o constantinople_n 180_o alm_n each_o alm_n be_v about_o 20_o pint_n and_o 96½_n alm_n of_o oil_n here_o make_v at_o venice_n a_o milly_a in_o calabria_n 8_o psalm_n in_o puglia_n 8_o psalm_n be_v french_a barrel_n oil_n also_o 8_o psalm_n every_o salm_n be_v 10_o star_n each_o star_n be_v 32_o pignaroli_fw-la hereto_o it_o will_v not_o be_v unfit_a i_o shall_v add_v malines_n his_o observation_n upon_o these_o wet_a measure_n in_o general_n the_o roman_n in_o time_n past_a call_v the_o wet_a measure_n by_o ounce_n as_o we_o do_v now_o the_o weight_n account_v 10_o ounce_n ponderale_n for_o 12_o ounce_n mensurale_n so_o sestarius_fw-la bonianorum_fw-la be_v 18_o ounce_n weight-measure_n and_o 21½_n ounce_n mensurale_n or_o wet_a measure_n now_o this_o custom_n of_o measure_v and_o correspondency_n of_o wet_a measure_n and_o weight_n be_v yet_o in_o use_n in_o sundry_a place_n as_o at_o meyson_n in_o saxony_n 20_o ounce_n ponderale_n make_v 24_o ounce_n mensurale_n also_o at_o lipsick_a 32_o ounce_n wet_a measure_n go_v to_o 16½_n ounce_n weight_n measure_n the_o difference_n of_o correspondence_n be_v of_o 5_o to_o 6._o this_o be_v further_a demonstrate_v in_o many_o commodity_n as_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n weigh_v 500_o l._n the_o cask_n 50_o l._n so_o that_o in_o net_n wine_n there_o be_v 150_o l._n also_o a_o hogshead_n of_o corn_n weigh_v 400_o l._n the_o cask_n 50_o l._n the_o net_n corn_n be_v 350_o l._n so_o that_o by_o this_o computation_n the_o tun_n of_o wine_n weigh_v 1800_o l._n and_o with_o the_o cask_n 2000_o l._n and_o the_o tun_n lade_v of_o corn_n weigh_v 1600_o l._n and_o with_o the_o cask_n 1800_o l._n so_o that_o for_o the_o lade_n of_o a_o ship_n by_o weight_n and_o measure_n these_o observation_n be_v to_o be_v note_v measure_n observation_n for_o the_o lade_n of_o a_o ship_n by_o weight_n and_o measure_n two_o tun_n be_v account_v for_o a_o last_o so_o 2_o tun_n of_o wine_n make_v 4000_o l._n and_o somewhat_o more_o and_o in_o hogshead_n there_o shall_v be_v but_o â…“_n part_n of_o a_o last_o at_o dert_n in_o holland_n they_o call_v a_o great_a vessel_n a_o rod_n of_o wine_n which_o weigh_v 4500_o l._n as_o a_o last_o of_o corn_n compare_v these_o 4500_o l._n mensurale_n by_o reduction_n of_o 6_o to_o 5_o as_o above_z note_v be_v 3750_o l._n perderale_n be_v 12½_n ames_o now_o if_o you_o account_v the_o gallon_n of_o wine_n of_o antwerp_n to_o weigh_v 6_o l._n the_o capacity_n of_o this_o vessel_n be_v 15_o ames_o be_v 750_o gallon_n the_o rod_n be_v a_o rod_n quadrant_a of_o 10_o foot_n long_o 10_o broad_a and_o 1_o foot_n deep_a every_o foot_n contain_v 7_o 1_o â—_o gallon_n antwerp_n measure_n or_o 4â…”_n foot_n cubic_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o insert_v in_o this_o place_n concern_v the_o wine_n measure_v of_o england_n with_o other_o country_n for_o other_o liquid_a commodity_n the_o table_n aforego_v will_n more_o large_o demonstrate_v london_n exchange_n of_o london_n the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o england_n and_o principal_o in_o london_n be_v confine_v within_o a_o narrow_a seantling_n be_v but_o as_o a_o riunlet_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o great_a stream_n of_o
those_o exchange_n that_o be_v use_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o limit_v but_o to_o some_o few_o place_n as_o to_o antwerp_n for_o flanders_n to_o roven_n and_o paris_n for_o france_n to_o amsterdam_n and_o rotterdam_n for_o the_o netherlands_o to_o dantzick_n for_o the_o east_n country_n to_o venice_n for_o italy_n to_o edinburgh_n for_o scotland_n to_o dublin_n for_o ireland_n all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o england_n have_v their_o derivation_n hence_o and_o he_o that_o will_v exchange_v for_o any_o other_o foreign_a country_n these_o aforenamed_a except_v must_v first_o have_v recourse_n hither_o and_o by_o a_o secondary_a exchange_n have_v his_o desire_n fulfil_v all_o which_o exchange_n and_o the_o manner_n how_o the_o same_o be_v calculate_v and_o the_o place_n with_o which_o london_n have_v in_o former_a time_n be_v see_v to_o exchange_v i_o have_v at_o large_a demonstrate_v in_o the_o 443_o 444_o 445_o 446_o and_o 447_o chapter_n of_o this_o ensue_a treatise_n whereto_o for_o better_a satisfaction_n i_o will_v refer_v the_o reader_n chap._n cclxxiii_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o england_n england_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o england_n when_o i_o consider_v the_o true_a dimension_n of_o our_o english_a traffic_n as_o at_o this_o day_n to_o i_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v together_o with_o the_o inbred_a commodity_n that_o this_o island_n afford_v to_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v the_o same_o with_o the_o present_a industry_n of_o the_o native_n and_o the_o ability_n of_o our_o navigator_n i_o just_o admire_v both_o the_o height_n and_o eminence_n thereof_o but_o when_o again_o i_o survey_v every_o kingdom_n and_o great_a city_n of_o the_o world_n and_o every_o petty_a port_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o same_o and_o find_v in_o each_o of_o these_o some_o english_a pry_v after_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n thereof_o then_o again_o i_o be_o easy_o bring_v to_o imagine_v that_o either_o this_o great_a traffic_n of_o england_n be_v at_o its_o full_a perfection_n or_o that_o it_o aim_v high_a than_o can_v hitherto_o by_o my_o weak_a sight_n be_v either_o see_v or_o discern_v i_o must_v confess_v england_n breed_v in_o its_o own_o womb_n the_o principal_a supporter_n of_o its_o present_a splendour_n and_o nourish_v with_o its_o own_o milk_n the_o commodity_n that_o give_v both_o lustre_n and_o life_n to_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o trade_n which_o i_o pray_v may_v never_o either_o decay_n or_o suffer_v the_o least_o diminution_n but_o england_n be_v natural_o seat_v in_o a_o northern_a corner_n of_o the_o world_n and_o herein_o bend_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o too_o too_o ponderous_a a_o burden_n can_v possible_o always_o and_o for_o ever_o find_v a_o vent_n for_o all_o those_o commodity_n that_o be_v see_v to_o be_v daily_o export_v and_o bring_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o so_o narrow_a a_o circuit_n unless_o there_o can_v be_v by_o the_o policy_n and_o government_n of_o the_o state_n a_o mean_a find_v out_o to_o make_v this_o island_n either_o the_o common_a emporium_n and_o staple_n of_o all_o europe_n or_o at_o leastwise_o of_o all_o these_o our_o neighbour_a northern_a region_n trade_n the_o real_a worth_n of_o the_o english_a trade_n the_o staple_n commodity_n of_o england_n be_v clothes_n lead_v tin_n some_o new_a late_a drapery_n and_o other_o english_a real_a and_o royal_a commodity_n ship_v hence_o in_o former_a time_n yield_v by_o their_o return_v from_o foreign_a part_n all_o those_o necessary_n and_o want_v we_o desire_v or_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o but_o the_o late_a great_a traffic_n of_o this_o island_n have_v be_v such_o that_o it_o have_v not_o only_o prove_v a_o bountiful_a mother_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o also_o a_o courteous_a nurse_n to_o the_o adjoin_a neighbour_n for_o what_o in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n they_o have_v lose_v we_o have_v be_v find_v to_o have_v gain_v and_o what_o they_o have_v want_v we_o have_v be_v note_v to_o have_v supply_v they_o with_o have_v the_o proud_a and_o magnificent_a city_n of_o venice_n lose_v her_o great_a traffic_n and_o commerce_n with_o india_n arabia_n and_o persia_n england_n have_v get_v it_o and_o now_o furnish_v she_o plenteous_o with_o the_o rich_a commodity_n thereof_o have_v all_o italy_n lose_v venice_n that_o feed_v it_o with_o those_o dainty_n london_n now_o supply_v her_o place_n and_o be_v find_v both_o to_o cloth_n and_o nourish_v it_o have_v france_n almost_o lose_v the_o excellent_a commodity_n of_o constantinople_n alexandria_n and_o aleppo_n and_o general_o of_o all_o tarky_n london_n can_v and_o do_v furnish_v it_o nay_o be_v turkey_n itself_o deprive_v of_o the_o precious_a spice_n of_o judia_fw-la england_n can_v and_o do_v plentiful_o afford_v they_o will_v you_o view_v moscovia_n survey_n sweden_n look_v upon_o denmark_n peruse_v the_o east_n country_n and_o those_o other_o cold_a region_n there_o shall_v you_o find_v the_o english_a to_o have_v be_v the_o inhabitant_n from_o the_o prince_n to_o the_o peasant_n wear_v english_a woolleâ—_n livery_n feed_v in_o english_a pewter_n sauce_v with_o english_a indian_a spice_n and_o send_v to_o their_o enemy_n sad_a english_a leaden_a messenger_n of_o death_n will_v you_o behold_v the_o netherlands_o who_o eye_n and_o heart_n envy_v england_n traffic_n yet_o they_o must_v perforce_o confess_v that_o for_o all_o their_o great_a boast_n they_o be_v indebt_v to_o london_n for_o most_o of_o their_o syria_n commodity_n beside_o what_o other_o ware_n else_o they_o have_v of_o english_a growth_n will_v you_o see_v france_n and_o travel_v from_o marselia_n to_o calais_n though_o they_o stand_v least_o in_o need_n of_o we_o yet_o they_o can_v last_v long_o without_o our_o commodity_n and_o for_o spain_n if_o you_o pry_v therein_o from_o the_o prince_n palace_n to_o the_o poor_a man_n cottage_n he_o will_v voto_fw-la a_o dios_fw-es there_o be_v no_o clothe_v comparable_a to_o our_o bay_n nor_o pheasant_n excel_v a_o seasonable_a english_a red_a herring_n company_n the_o east-india_n company_n the_o east_n india_n company_n of_o london_n be_v yearly_o see_v to_o visit_v persia_n frequent_a india_n and_o traffic_v in_o arabia_n and_o the_o coast_n thereof_o and_o for_o our_o english_a commodity_n and_o some_o other_o export_v hence_o they_o be_v find_v to_o import_v pepper_n cloves_n mace_n nutmeg_n cotton_n rice_n calico_n of_o sundry_a sort_n bezoar_v stone_n aloe_n borax_n calamus_fw-la cassia_n mirabolan_n myrrh_n opium_n rhubarb_n cinnamon_n sanders_n spikenard_n musk_n civit_n tamarind_n precious_a stone_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o diamond_n peark_n carbuncle_n emerald_n jacinth_n saphire_n spinal_n turquoise_n topazas_n indigo_n and_o silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v into_o sundry_a fabric_n benjamin_n camphire_n sandalwood_n and_o infinite_a other_o commodity_n and_o tho_o in_o india_n and_o these_o part_n their_o trade_n equal_v not_o either_o the_o portugal_n or_o the_o dutch_a yet_o in_o candid_a fair_a and_o merchant-like_a deal_v these_o pagan_n mahumedan_n and_o gentiles_n hold_v they_o in_o esteem_n far_o before_o they_o and_o deserve_o have_v here_o the_o epithet_n of_o far_o more_o current_a and_o square_a dealer_n and_o although_o for_o the_o present_a this_o tral_n and_o company_n do_v suffer_v under_o some_o adverse_a cloud_n and_o groan_v under_o some_o unkind_a loss_n by_o the_o falsehood_n of_o the_o netherlander_n and_o sad_a accident_n at_o sea_n yet_o their_o adventure_n and_o act_n be_v praise_v worthy_a and_o their_o fair_a endeavour_n for_o england_n honour_n in_o point_n of_o trade_n merit_v due_a commendation_n and_o just_a applause_n company_n the_o turkey_n company_n the_o turkey_n company_n of_o london_n for_o its_o height_n and_o eminence_n be_v now_o second_o to_o none_o other_o of_o this_o land_n for_o not_o yearly_o but_o monthly_o nay_o almost_o weekly_o their_o ship_n be_v observe_v to_o go_v to_o and_o fro_o export_v hence_o the_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n gloucester_z worcester_z and_o coventry_n dye_v and_o dress_v kersey_n of_o hampshire_n and_o york_n lead_v tin_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a india_n spice_n indigo_n and_o calico_n and_o in_o return_n thereof_o import_n from_o turkey_n the_o raw_a silk_n of_o persia_n damascus_n tripoli_n etc._n etc._n gall_n of_o mosolo_n and_o toccat_fw-la camlet_n grogram_n and_o mohair_n of_o angora_n cotton_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n of_o cyprus_n and_o smyrna_n and_o sometime_o the_o gem_n of_o india_n and_o drug_n of_o egypt_n and_o arabia_n the_o muscadines_n of_o candia_n the_o currant_n and_o oil_n of_o zant_n zeffalonia_n and_o herta_n with_o sundry_a other_o and_o in_o all_o these_o part_n be_v account_v also_o second_o to_o none_o nor_o give_v place_n to_o any_o nation_n either_o in_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o traffic_n or_o in_o their_o fair_a and_o merchant_n like_o performance_n adventurer_n the_o merchant_n adventurer_n the_o ancient_a company_n of_o merchant_n
common_a want_v of_o those_o country_n whereby_o in_o occasion_n of_o war_n we_o shall_v have_v mean_n daily_o to_o take_v much_o wealth_n from_o he_o whereas_o now_o the_o spaniard_n use_v little_a or_o no_o trade_n in_o these_o sea_n but_o employ_v his_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o his_o power_n he_o only_o take_v and_o we_o lose_v great_a matter_n continual_o now_o concern_v the_o second_o question_n whether_o the_o hollander_n be_v able_a to_o possess_v and_o keep_v this_o fish_n against_o all_o other_o nation_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o although_o they_o claim_v now_o no_o other_o right_n than_o their_o own_o freedom_n in_o this_o fish_n seem_v to_o leave_v the_o like_a to_o all_o other_o yet_o if_o the_o practice_n of_o any_o nation_n shall_v seek_v either_o to_o fish_v with_o they_o or_o to_o supplant_v they_o they_o will_v be_v both_o ready_a and_o able_a to_o maintain_v this_o golden_a mine_n against_o the_o strong_a opposition_n except_o england_n who_o harbour_n and_o in-land_n with_o other_o daily_a relief_n be_v very_o needful_a if_o not_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o this_o employment_n and_o who_o power_n also_o by_o sea_n be_v able_a in_o short_a time_n to_o give_v this_o business_n disturbance_n and_o utter_a ruin_n if_o the_o occasion_n shall_v be_v so_o urgent_a as_o afore_o suppose_v neither_o be_v it_o enough_o for_o any_o man_n to_o contradict_v all_o this_o by_o say_v the_o hollander_n be_v very_o strong_a by_o sea_n when_o both_o sea_n and_o land_n encounter_v they_o with_o a_o great_a power_n we_o must_v observe_v from_o whence_o their_o strength_n grow_v and_o if_o the_o root_n be_v once_o spoil_v the_o branch_n soon_o will_v wither_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o error_n to_o esteem_v or_o value_v they_o according_a to_o the_o present_a power_n and_o wealth_n which_o they_o have_v obtain_v by_o trade_n or_o purchase_n for_o although_o this_o be_v far_o great_a than_o indeed_o it_o be_v yet_o will_v it_o soon_o be_v consume_v in_o a_o chargeable_a war_n against_o a_o potent_a enemy_n when_o the_o current_n of_o those_o accident_n may_v be_v stopâ—_n and_o turn_v by_o prevent_v the_o substance_n itself_o which_o be_v the_o fish_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n that_o give_v foundation_n and_o be_v the_o very_a fountain_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o happiness_n the_o unite_a province_n we_o know_v be_v like_o a_o fair_a bird_n suit_v with_o goodly_a borrow_a plume_n but_o if_o every_o fowl_n shall_v take_v his_o feather_n this_o bird_n will_v rest_v near_o naked_a nor_o have_v we_o ever_o see_v these_o netherlands_o as_o yet_o in_o their_o great_a occasion_n to_o set_v forth_o near_o so_o many_o ship_n of_o war_n at_o once_o as_o the_o english_a have_v often_o do_v without_o any_o hindrance_n of_o their_o ordinary_a traffic_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o they_o have_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o weak_a ship_n to_o fish_n with_o and_o fetch_v corn_n salt_n etc._n etc._n for_o their_o own_o victual_v and_o trade_n the_o like_a to_o setch_v timber_n plank_n board_n pitch_n hemp_n tar_n flax_n mast_n cordage_n and_o other_o ammunition_n to_o make_v those_o multitude_n of_o ship_n plough_n the_o netherlands_o plough_n which_o unto_o they_o be_v as_o our_o plough_n to_o we_o the_o which_o except_o they_o stir_v the_o people_n starve_v their_o ship_n therefore_o can_v be_v spare_v from_o their_o traffic_n as_o we_o may_v if_o occasion_n require_v no_v not_o for_o a_o very_a short_a time_n without_o utter_a ruin_n because_o it_o be_v the_o daily_a maintenance_n of_o their_o great_a multitude_n which_o gain_v their_o live_n but_o from_o hand_n to_o mouth_n upon_o which_o also_o depend_v the_o great_a excise_n and_o other_o public_a revenue_n which_o support_v the_o state_n itself_o neither_o indeed_o be_v those_o vessel_n strong_a or_o fit_a for_o war_n and_o in_o their_o proper_a use_n of_o fish_v and_o trade_n they_o will_v become_v the_o riches_n or_o the_o purchase_n of_o a_o potent_a enemy_n by_o sea_n as_o they_o partly_o find_v by_o one_o poor_a town_n of_o dunkirk_n notwithstanding_o their_o great_a charge_n of_o man_n of_o war_n strong_a convoy_n and_o other_o commendable_a diligence_n which_o continual_o they_o use_v to_o prevent_v this_o mischief_n but_o if_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o more_o powerful_a enemy_n by_o sea_n shall_v force_v they_o to_o double_a or_o treble_v those_o charge_n we_o may_v well_o doubt_v the_o mean_n of_o their_o continuance_n especial_o when_o by_o we_o their_o fish_n may_v nevertheless_o be_v prevent_v which_o shall_v procure_v the_o maintenance_n alliance_n man_n who_o speak_v by_o affection_n or_o tradition_n not_o from_o reason_n the_o hollander_n main_a supportance_n be_v england_n good_a alliance_n these_o and_o other_o circumstance_n make_v i_o often_o wonder_n when_o i_o hear_v the_o dutch_a vainglorious_o to_o brag_v and_o many_o english_a simple_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o unite_a province_n be_v our_o fort_n bulwark_n wall_n outwork_n and_o i_o know_v not_o what_o without_o which_o we_o can_v long_o subsist_v against_o the_o spanish_a force_n when_o in_o truth_n we_o be_v the_o main_a fountain_n of_o their_o happiness_n both_o for_o war_n and_o peace_n for_o trade_n and_o treasure_n for_o munition_n and_o man_n spend_v our_o blood_n in_o their_o defence_n whilst_o their_o people_n be_v preserve_v to_o conquer_v in_o the_o indies_n and_o to_o reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o a_o rich_a traffic_n out_o of_o our_o own_o bosom_n which_o be_v assume_v to_o ourselves_o as_o we_o have_v right_o and_o power_n to_o do_v will_v mighty_o increase_v the_o breed_n of_o our_o people_n by_o this_o good_a mean_n of_o their_o maintenance_n and_o well_o enable_v we_o against_o the_o strong_a enemy_n and_o force_v likewise_o great_a multitude_n of_o those_o netherlander_n themselves_o to_o seek_v their_o live_n here_o with_o we_o for_o want_v of_o better_a maintenance_n whereby_o our_o many_o decay_a sea-town_n and_o castle_n will_v soon_o be_v re-edify_v and_o populate_v in_o more_o ample_a manner_n than_o former_o they_o be_v in_o their_o best_a estate_n and_o thus_o these_o force_n be_v unite_v will_v be_v ever_o more_o ready_a sure_a and_o vigorous_a than_o a_o great_a strength_n that_o lie_v divide_v which_o be_v always_o subject_a to_o delay_n diversion_n and_o other_o jealousy_n of_o all_o which_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v ignorant_a but_o perfect_o to_o know_v and_o use_v our_o own_o strength_n when_o we_o have_v occasion_n and_o especial_o we_o must_v ever_o be_v watchful_a to_o preserve_v this_o strength_n lest_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o dutch_a under_o some_o fair_a show_n and_o with_o their_o money_n prevail_v as_o peradventure_o they_o late_o practise_v in_o scotland_n to_o have_v have_v a_o patent_n for_o the_o possess_v inhabit_v and_o fortify_v of_o that_o excellent_a island_n of_o lewis_n in_o the_o orcades_n who_o situation_n harbour_n fish_v fertility_n largeness_n and_o other_o advantage_n will_v have_v make_v they_o able_a in_o short_a time_n to_o offend_v these_o kingdom_n by_o sudden_a invasion_n and_o to_o have_v defend_v the_o aforesaid_a fish_n against_o his_o majesty_n great_a power_n add_v also_o to_o send_v out_o and_o return_v home_o their_o ship_n prosperous_o that_o way_n to_z and_z from_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n spain_n and_o strait_n and_o other_o place_n without_o pass_v through_o his_o majesty_n narrow_a sea_n where_o in_o all_o occasion_n this_o kingdom_n now_o have_v so_o great_a advantage_n to_o take_v their_o ship_n and_o prevent_v their_o best_a trade_n which_o will_v soon_o bring_v they_o to_o ruin_n whereby_o as_o they_o well_o know_v we_o have_v a_o great_a tie_n and_o power_n over_o they_o than_o any_o other_o nation_n and_o howsoever_o the_o say_a island_n of_o lewis_n may_v have_v be_v obtain_v in_o the_o name_n of_o private_a man_n and_o under_o the_o fair_a pretence_n of_o bring_v commerce_n into_o those_o remote_a part_n of_o scotland_n yet_o in_o the_o end_n when_o the_o work_n have_v be_v bring_v to_o any_o goad_n perfection_n the_o possession_n and_o power_n will_v no_o doubt_n have_v come_v to_o the_o lord_n the_o states-general_n even_o as_o we_o know_v they_o have_v late_o get_v divers_a place_n of_o great_a strength_n and_o wealth_n in_o the_o east-indies_n in_o the_o name_n and_o with_o the_o purse_n of_o their_o merchant_n whereby_o also_o their_o action_n herein_o have_v be_v obscure_v and_o make_v less_o notorious_a unto_o the_o world_n until_o they_o have_v obtain_v their_o end_n which_o be_v of_o such_o consequence_n that_o it_o do_v much_o concern_v this_o nation_n in_o particular_a careful_o to_o observe_v their_o proceed_n for_o they_o notorious_o follow_v the_o step_v of_o that_o valiant_a and_o politic_a captain_n philip_n of_o macedon_n hollander_n where_o force_n fail_v yet_o money_n prevail_v thus_o hope_v the_o hollander_n who_o