in their harness all cover'd with pretious Stones is an Ornament and many other Rarieties The Metropolitan Church called the Dome dedicated to St. John is the depository of the holy face-cloath on which we see imprinted the face and other parts of the body of the Son of God. The other Towns of Piemont are Vercelli Susa Turée Mondevis Ast Carignan Carmagnolo St. Tas. Susa is the first that is found at the entrance of Italy at the foot of the Alps ten leagues from Turin Pompey established there a Colony which gives testimony of its antiquity It has passed for the Capitol of the small Principality of the little King Coetius This Country is fertile Provisions are cheap and Silver scarce because there is no Trade Susa which is in Persia is more renowned than that before-mentioned because the great Assuerus who commanded from the Indies even to Aethiopia an hundred twenty seven Provinces and other Kings have held there their Court. Piemont has two or three Rivers whose banks afford Gold it is found divided into slender parcels called Threads The way of gathering it is noted in a book intituled Conversations de l'Academie de l'Abbé Bourdelot in the Chapter of the Philosophers Stone which was the subject of a long Conference The principal Towns of Savoy after Chamberry are Anneci St. John de Morienne Monstier in Tarentaise and others Montmebian is the strongest place Savoy was called by this name as who would say Sauve-voye or safe-way and this since it was purged of Way-Robbers and Murtherers who rendered the ways dangerous and unpassable or else from a Village called Sabbatie or Sabaudie which Ptolomy and other Geographers place under the Alps. According to the opinion most followed it took its name from Sabaudus Archbishop of Arles who made it Catholick Its Mountains bring forth many Monkeys These Animals sleep six months of the year they have the mussel and ears of a Squiril and four long and sharp teeth the legs short great nails on their feet and the hair rough Chimney-sweepers bring of them to Paris they are easily taken when they are asleep The Latines call this Animal Mus Alpinus There are a great many in the Mountains of Switzerland Chateauniere deGrenaille tells us that persons that cannot sleep or that are tormented with the Cholick find themselves relieved by rubbing their belleys with their fat Many Mountaineers get Strumous swellings by drinking Snow-water which by its erudity and ill quality causes the glandulous swelling about the throat Mount Cenis and little St. Bernard are the principal passages of the Alps for Italy Great Mount Cenis is the ordinary Road of the Posts of France and little Mount Cenis is a shorter way but more uneasie We find there the invention of a sort of Sled on which a man sitting advances in less than half a quarter of an hour a league by sliding on the Snow from the top of the Mountain to the bottom There are persons trained to this exercise called Sled-drivers who guide the Sled by stopping it when it is necessary with a great Prong of iron which they fix in the way On the top of the Mountain there are houses which they call the Ramass where the Sled-drivers are by whom men cause themselves to be driven on a Sled when they go to Lasueburg We find on the right hand the Chappel into which those persons are carried who are killed by the extremity of the cold in their Journey and on whom is found no mark of their Religion When persons so killed are discovered to be Catholicks they are buried in the next Catholick Church-yard If they are Protestants they are carried into the next Church-yard of theirs Those that go into this Chappel fancy they are in the Kingdom of the Dead the Air is so subtile that those bodies do not putrifie there are many of them entire with their flesh skin and hair without having changed but a very little of their colour They are placed in order upright against the walls of this Chappel a place of sadness and melancholy Mount St. Gothard which is the passage from Switzerland has also a Chappel of persons frozen to death Our Lady of Laghette is very famous two leagues from Nice The greatest part of the Tombs of the Dukes of Savoy are in the rich Abbey of Haute-combe on the Lake Bourget The Dominions of this Prince may be seventy leagues in length and thirty or forty in breadth and in some parts above fifty Spain would have swallowed them up in the minority of Charles Emanuel the Second but France opposing it made them give over the Attempt His Royal Highness has four houses of pleasure about Turin which must not be forgotten to wit that de la Grande Venerie Royal that of Valentin and those of Mirefleur and of Rovili Purpurat must also be added to the number Nor must we omit la Generale which belongs to President Truchy a Minister of State of a great understanding and equally zealous for the service of his Prince At the beginning of the year 1679 the Abbot d Estrade at his return from his Embassie from Venice where he resided three years was sent to this Court with the Character of Embassadour of France his entry was very solemn He succeeded to Duke Villars chosen for the Embassie of Spain where he formerly was and the Marquess Ferrero was appointed Embassadour of Savoy with the most Christian King. The Ratification of the Marriage of the Duke of Savoy with the Infanta of Portugal was at Lisbone the 18th of Aug. 1679. The 19th of September following the Sieur of the Red hat Deputy and first Syndick of the Town of Geneva accompanied with Sieur Pittet and others had Audience of Madam Royal to give her satisfaction concerning some subjects of complaint that she had made against that Town at the beginning of her Regency He gave her to understand in a fine discourse how sorry his Masters were for all that had happened that their-intentions had never been to do any thing that was disagreeable to so great a Princess and that they humbly suppli'd her to forget all that was past by a motion of Generosity and to let them feel the effects of her good will towards them He addressed himself afterwards to his Royal Highness and gave him to understand the desire the Town of Geneva had to merit his good will and the part they took in the glory that the Prince acquired by his Marriage with the Infanta of Portugal Heiress of so great a Kingdom These Deputies were presented each before their departure with a Chain of Gold. The Great Duke of Tuscany Cosmus the Third Great Duke of Tuscany of the House of Medices Cath. He bears Or with five Roundles Gules and one in cheif Azure charged with three Flower-de-luces Or. This Prince is Son of Ferdinand the Second of Victoria de la Roüere he married the 19th of April 1661. by Proxie the Princess Louïse Marguerite of Orleans
Dame du Mount Carmel and of St. Lazarus of Hierusalem great Post-master and Superintendant of the Posts and Stages of France c. has given an infinite number of manifest proofs of his Consummated skill in Military Discipline It seems as though he had exercised himself in it all his life-time this shews that great men are capable of all things his name is known throughout the whole Earth the Hollanders Spaniards and others when the War was at the highest declared that he went like Lightning when the Service of his King and Country called upon him He possesses the eminent qualities of his Father the Chancellour of France Poitou la Marche Lionnois Dauphine Catalognia and Roussillon Pignerol Lorrain Alsatia the places Conquered and yeilded the Fortifications of these Generalities the War the Taxes raised for the support of the Souldiery and the Artillery are things belonging to his Charge M. Colbert MEssire John Baptist Colbert Chevalier Marquess of Seignelay Baron of Moneteau Beaumont Cheni Ormois Sceaux and other places Counsellor in ordinary to the King in his Councils and of the Royal Council General Controuler of the Kings Revenue Superintendant of the Navy Arts and Manufactures of France Minister and Secretary of State. He has acted vigorously for the subsistance of the Armies of the French Monarchy in finding means to raise such Moneys as were necessary which are the Nerves of War. He has the prudence of the Serpent as it is express'd in his Arms. Cardinal Mazarine considering his Desert before he died wisht the King to make use of him as his Minister for his fidelity and for his service His admirable Conduct daily manifests it self both in general and in particular even to the education of his Children and of his Illustrious Relations Messire Charles Edoüard Colbert Marquess of Seignelay is the eldest of the House he makes himself daily admir'd in the diversity of his Employs and Affairs wherewith he is taken up in his Majesties service he is Secretary of State Superintendant of the Maritine affairs both in the East and West I saw Anno 1677. Messire Julius Armandus Colbert Lord of Ormais at the age of fourteen years defend publick and general Theses of Philosophy in the University of Paris under the Presidency of his Brother the Abbot Messire Jacques Nicolas then Prior of Sorbonne to the admiration of all that there is of Great and Learned in the Kingdom I cannot hold from saying of this noble Defender in his Orient what was said of St. John Baptist at his birth Quis putas puer iste erit It 's a rare thing to see a Brother perform that Office under a Brother and with so wonderful a presence of understanding These are Prodigies and Marks of their great Genius It may well be said on this occasion Fortes creantur fortibus and with the Oracle Corona senum filii filiorum gloria filiorum patres eorum I shall not be more large lest I offend the modesty of the Father and of his Children I shall onely say that this wise Manager of the Kings Revenue has in his division Paris the Isle of France and the Country of Soissons as far as Noyon Orleanois Blezois the Kings House the Clergy what regards the Sea Trade and Manufactures As I write this Article the admirable and elegant Sermon which the Illustrious Abbot his Brother made one day on the Feast of St. John Baptist comes into my mind Paris rendered it self that day at Sceaux to hear it This Sermon was followed with many others in the Capital City of the Kingdom and always with excellent success This Abbot is Doctor of the House and Society of Sorbonne and Coadjutor to the Archbishop of Roüen since the second of Feb. 1680. M. Colbert Croissi MEssire Charles Colbert Chevalier Marquess of Croissi Minister and Secretary of State President of the Parliament of Paris formerly Master of Requests and Intendant of Justice has acquired the Political and Geographical knowledge of all the States of the World that of Ancient and Modern History and of all the Interests of the Princes and Potentates of Christendom in his Ordinary and Extraordinary Embassies at Rome in England Spain at Aix la Chappel and in quality of Embassadour and Plenipotentiary at Nimigen for the general Peace of Europe and at Bavaria for the Marriage of Monseigneur le Dauphin with the Electoral Princess and in other important Negotiations Holland shewed him the joy they received after the Peace concluded to see him in their Country and he manifested his by his profuse liberality of his Gold and Silver to the People in some Towns. This Minister having seen so many Countries and Nations and all Courts it may be said of him what Homer said of Vlysses in the beginning of his Odysses according to the translation from the Greek into Latine Multorum autem hominum vidit urbes mores novit Champagne and Brie Provence Britany Berry Limosin Angoumois Xaintonge Bearn Bigorre the three Bishopricks of Metz Toul and Verdun the Principality of Sedan and the Forreign Countries which are also in his division have all a veneration for his Conduct and Generosity He succeeded to Messire Simon Arnaud Chevalier Lord of Pomponne in his Charge of Secretary and Minister of State which he demised in the Month of December An. 1679. The Councels THe Councels are composed of the Chancellour Keeper of the Seals of France of the Marshal Duke de Villeroy Chief of the Royal Council for the Kings Revenue of Twelve ordinary Councellours of State Three Councellors of the Church and Three of the Sword Twelve attending every six Months The King regulating the Councel An. 1673. added the Controuler General of his Revenues and the two Intendants of them to have place in the Councels des Parties as they have in those of the Revenue The Councellours of State are chosen by his Majesty being such as have past the greatest part of all the Offices of the Robe having been Intendants of Justice or Ambassadors or first Presidents of the Parliaments these are at present the best and most sought-for Offices of the Kingdom and which come nearest the King who gives such persons daily the best employs and Commissions of greatest importance for the service of himself and the State. To these Councels the Masters of Request have access which are to the number of Eighty whereof Twenty serve each Quarter after having been honoured with many Commissions and Intendancies they are preferred by his Majesty to Employs of the highest nature where he designs them The two Intendants of the Revenue are Messire Vicount Hotman and Messire Nicholas des Marests Colbert The first has been Councellor in the grand Councel Master of Requests and Intendant of Justice in Guyen and in Tourain Proctor-General of the Chamber of Justice and afterwards honoured by the King with a place in his Councels and with the Commission of Intendant of the Kings Revenue and of Justice in the generality of Paris
A MODERN VIEW Of such PARTS of EUROPE That hath lately been and still are the places of great Transactions Viz. ITALY with all its Principalities FRANCE with all its Provinces and Bishopricks GERMANY with the Dukedome of Lorrain and all the Electorates and Lordships of the Empire SPAIN With all its Dominions c. Wherein is shewed the Present State of all those Countries with Curious Remarks of Antiquity Interwoven LONDON Printed and Sold by J. Bird at the Sun near the Kings-Bench in Westminster-Hall 1689. TO THE Candid Reader THis Treatise exposeth to your view the most eminent Things and Transactions of this World concerning Ecclesiastical States Monarchies Republicks the varieties of Sects and Religions the Origine of Arts and Sciences several unparallel'd Accidents variety of Recherches in Antiquity and Memoires containing the Combats Battels Sieges surprizal or taking of Towns and the most signaliz'd and memorable Actions that have happened in this Modern Age. If any curious Reader shall oppose the Digressions of this Tract I must desire him to consider that they are both useful and necessary and so far from exposing him to Fatigue and Trouble that they will prove a grand Satisfaction and Diversion I must confess I have in this Composition discovered several gross Errours in some Authors whom I have forborn to recite because I scorn to shame them but if any Criticks desire a more regugular Method than herein is chalked out which is a thing of more than ordinary difficulty in a Business of this nature and in so great variety of Matter I desire them to take into their consideration that this Natural way of Writing will be by all Persons of Ingenuity preferr'd before any Scholastick Dissertation or Disputation whatsoever I have no more to say but this You will herein find Variety the Comfort and Satisfaction of Mankind that Gravity which will please the Serious that Diversion which will gratifie the Curious that Variety which can displease none but such as are void and destitute both of Sense and Reason And therefore I shall detain you no longer from the perusal of this Treatise onely give me leave to acquaint you that there is herein contain'd nothing but what is grounded upon Truth and gathered from the most Authentick Writers and present State of this Modern Age. Yours Gidion Pontier A TABLE OF THE Contents of this Book Of ITALY THe Papacy pag. 1 The Etymology of the Name Cardinal his Institution and his Habits 10 The Continuation of the Actions of Pope Innocent the Eleventh 13 The Singularities and curious remarkable Actions of some Popes 15 Observations on the reducement of Jubiles under what Popes and in what times 22 The opening of the Jubile 25 The splendid Ceremonies and the Honour of Rome 29 St. Austin's three Desires ibid. The Dominion of the Pope 30 Places of Pleasure ibid. Ornaments of Rome 32 The chief Towns of Italy with their Epithets and Elogies 33 The chief Rivers of Italy 35 Popes by birth French-men and Passages of their Lives 36 The future Popes how conformable to the Prophecies 54 The chief Princes of Italy after the Popes are five First the Duke of Savoy 55 Secondly the Great Duke of Tuscany 62 Thirdly the Duke of Mantua 67 Fourthly the Duke of Modena 69 Fifthly the Bishop of Trent 71 The Figure of Italy and its length ibid. An Itinerary 72 Of FRANCE 75 THe Dolphin of France and his Marriage 79 The Duke of Orleans 81 The Prince of Condé and the Duke d'Enguien 83 Prince Henry de la Tour d'Auvergne Vicount de Turenne 84 The ancient Marshals of France living An. 1680. 86 The Ministers and Secretaries of State ibid. The Chancellor 87 M. de la Villiere 89 M. de Louvois 90 M. Colbert 91 M. Colbert Croissi 93 The Councils 94 France the Mountain of the Muses 97 King of France his places of Residence 98 The Louvre ibid. The Tuilleries 100 Fontainbleau ibid. Versailles 101 Paris 103 Colledge Mazarin its Institution Library and Academy 109 The House of President Perrot 112 Houses of Pleasure about Paris 116 Houses and Places of Devotion near Paris 118 The Treasury of St. Dennis 120 The Tombs of the Kings of France 124 Other famous places of Devotion and Pilgrimages greatly frequented in the Kingdom 125 The twelve ancient general Governments of the Provinces called together at Paris under Loüis the Thirteenth according to their rank and place in the States General 129 The Governours of the Provinces 130 Conquered Countries 133 The Fertility of France 134 The Channel of Languedoc 135 The chief Towns of France 138 The most considerable Maritime Towns ibid. The great Rivers 142 The Epithites of the great Rivers 144 The principal small Rivers 145 Pont du Gard 150 A Catalogue of the Archbish and Bishops of France containing the number and name of the first and last Bishop of each Diocess to An. 1680. 153 The Archbishoprick of Rheims ibid. The Archbishoprick of Narbonne 156 The Archbishoprick of Bourges 159 The Archbishoprick of Vienne 160 The Archbishoprick of Tolose 162 The Archbishoprick of Roüen 163 The Archbishoprick of Sens 164 The Bishops of Bethlem 165 The Archbishoprick of Lyons 167 The Archbishoprick of Bourdeaux 169 The Archbishoprick of Arles 170 The Archbishoprick of Ambrun 172 The Archbishoprick of Tours 174 The Archbishoprick of Aix 176 The Archbishoprick of Paris 177 The Archbishoprick of Albi 179 The Archbishoprick of Cambray 181 The Archbishoprick of Bezancon 183 The Rank and Seats of the Prelates 184 Agents General of the Clergie of France 185 The ordinary List of the Parliaments of France and the time of their erection 187 The Countries of State 193 Remarkable things of these times happening from the year 1672 to the beginning of 1680. 193 Of the Peace betwixt France Holland Spain the Emperour the Elector of Brandenburg and Denmark 203 The Marriage of the Princess Mary Loüise of Orleans with the King of Spain 205 A Continuation of Affairs to this time 206 Of LORAIN 208 THe chief Towns in Lorain 210 Those of the Dutchy of Bar ibid. Mausoleums of the Dukes of Lorain ibid. The Marriage of Prince Charles of Lorain 213 Of GERMANY 214 OF the City of Vienna 215 221 The chief Houses of Pleasure in the Country 215 The Coronation of the Emperour with the signification of the three Crowns 216 The Golden Bull 217 Prerogatives of the Emperour 219 Fourteen Emperours of the House of Austria ibid. The chief Towns of Germany 220 The Cities of Prague and Presburg 222 Of Aix-la-Chappelle and Ratisbonne 223 Of Erfort Munic and Strasburg 224 The Tower Clock Bridge and famous Trees of Strasburg 225 The Ceremonies of Electing the Bishop of Strasburg 226 The number and Residence of the Canons of Strasburg 227 The ancient Entrance of the Bishop of Strasburg and the number of Bishops it hath had 228 Of the Cities of Hamburg and Munster 229 The Cities of Magdeburg Nuremburg and Ausbourg 231 The Cities of Francsort Passau Visbourg Brunswick
beautiful it is at one of the ends of the Town Montferrat at the foot of the Alps is of his dependancies whereof Cazal is the Capital it 's a very large Fortress its Cavalry are esteemed throughout all Italy Part of Montferrat was yielded to the Duke of Savoy by the Treaty of Peace at Quiras The Duke of Mantua possesses Cazal The Country is very fertile but very small they are there courteous and officious particularly to the French in remembrance of the assistance they afforded them in time of need The two famous Poets Virgil and Tasso were of Mantua The Cathedral-Church called St. Andrews is remarkable for its Pictures and Tombs Under the Quire is a vast Chappel where is preserved the Bloud of the Son of God gathered by St. Longis on Mount Calvary Some little Soveraignties have been dismembred from the Dutchy of Mantua to make Portions of Lands for younger Brothers Bozola Mirandula Sabioneta Novalara Gustala and others are of the number The Dutchy yields its Prince a million yearly The Body of the Jews there living is composed of above two thousand who are rich by reason of their great Trade the Duke gets a great Tribute from them Strangers that go to Mantua if they are curious should not return without visiting Marmirol a Country-house of Pleasure belonging to the Duke This place is charming for its Marble for its Grotto's for its Conduits for its Gardens for its Fountains and Jet d'eaus for its Paintings Sculptures and Figures This State is said to be 35 miles from North to South and 50 from East to West The Po the Seiche the Ogli and the Mince are its most considerable Rivers A Relation of the 23th of August 1679. tells us that a Gentleman was cured at Mantua of a Tertian Ague by an extraordinary Remedy in the strongest time of the Fit He was covered with pieces of Ice in his bed and this freezing Remedy cured him at the first application but he remained so weak that he had much ado to set himself right again The Physicians of the East-Indies on the Coast of Coromandel even at Surat take near the same course with those that have Agues The Spaniards drink with Ice at the strongest time of the Fit. The Duke of Modena Alphonsus d'Est the third of the name Duke of Modena Besides this Quality he takes that of Duke of Regio of Prince of Carpi and of Corregio of Marquess d'Est and of Rovigni Cath. His Arms are Azure an Eagle Argent crowned billed and membred Or. Modena is the Capital of the Dutchy of this name and the ordinary place of residence of its Duke Its Bulwarks are made of the ancient fashion If this State be small it is good Renaud Cardinal d'Est Bishop of Regio was Protector of some Crowns at the Court of Rome The Dukal Dignity began in the House of Modena An. 1452. under the Emperour Frederick the Third The ancient Houses of Brunswick in Germany and of Modena in Italy are of the same Stock and make good their Descent almost from the year 800. The Duke of Parma and of Placentia Rainutio Farnesis Duke of Parma and of Placentia Cath. His Arms are Or with six Flower-de-luces Azure Petro Luigi Farnesis was the first Duke of Parma Alexander Farnesis youngest Son of Pedro Luigi was one of the greatest Captains of his Age. Pope Paul the Sixth born at Farnesis began the Council of Trent Parma is the Capital of the Dutchy and the ordinary place of residence of the Duke The Dukes Palace is beautiful the Citadel is not amiss the Soil is good it contains in many places excellent Fields and sat Pastures for feeding all sorts of Cattel and particularly Cows It s great Parmesan-Cheeses are very famous they are sent in so great a number into all parts of Europe that this sole Merchandize is able to inrich the Inhabitants The Country is so fertile that all things necessary and commodious for the life of man are there found The Po the Trebeia and the Taro water it This State has not much above 25 leagues in length and 20 in breadth The Bishop of Trent THe Bishop and Prince of Trent is called Alberti he was made Bishop Anno 1677. The Cathedral Church is dedicated to St. Vigil it is built of great Free-stone even to its high Steeple its Canons are all of Noble extraction and have the right of chusing their Bishop The Town of Trent besides its Antiquity is famous throughout the World for its General and Oecumenical Council held under three Popes It began under Paul the Third Anno 1545. continued under Julius the Third and ended under Pius the Fourth 1563. It continued a long time because it was interrupted on the occasion of Troubles and Wars betwixt Christian Princes All Church-men ought to read continually this Council Trentin is a Province near the Alps. It s Capital City is on the River Adige This Principality is under the protection of the House of Austria as the Principality of Mourgue or Monacho is under that of France The Figure of Italy and its Length ITaly has the figure of a Cavalier's Boot and is 300 common leagues of France in length from Chamberry to Regio which is at the farthest part of Calabria As for its wideness it is small and unequal in some places it is 30 in others 50 and elsewhere 100 French leagues wide The Alps divide it from France and Germany Lombardy is included in Italy The States of Savoy Piemont Milain Genoa and Montferrat are in Vpper Lombardy The States of Venice Mantua Parma Modena Trent c. are of Lower Lombardy Before we proceed farther I have thought it proper to give here the following little Itinerary for distinguishing the different Leagues of divers States as serving for Topical History An Itinerary THe Italians make their leagues of 1000 paces they count by the mile The common league of France is of 3000 paces and in places about Paris of 1500. In Gascoigne they equal those of Germany those of Limosin and Berne exceed them The ordinary leagues of Germany and Poland are of 4000 paces and in Hungary of 6000 and in Switzerland of 5000. In Spain and in Portugal they contain 3000 paces and are of a different length as in France In England they comprize 1250. In Sweden and in Norway 8000. These are the longest of all in some places they are of 6000 paces In Muscovy they include 800 Geometrical paces two ordinary paces make the Geometrical The Russians and Muscovites call leagues Verstes The Jews count by furlongs their league is composed of 15 furlongs each furlong contains 125 paces whereof each is five foot Stadium according to its Etymology signifies station or rest The Greek furlong is likewise of 25 Geometrical paces The Egyptians measure their leagues by Schoenes or furlongs The Moguls by Cosses which are of 1500 paces The Persians by Parasanga's which are 30 furlongs Authors differ about the measure of Parasanga's The Chinese
Camps and Armies and Colonel-General of the French Cavalry is recommendable for his famous Exploits and for the important Victories that he has gained over the Enemies of the State and more in this happy day that renouncing the Errour in which he was born and in which he had lived he embraced with a sincere heart the Catholick Faith which leads to Eternal Salvation the Church Militant has not had less joy than the Triumphant Though Learning was familiar to this Prince and that he has been heard to say very convincing things for the proof and maintaining of Catholick Truths the Church is obliged to Cardinal de Boâ—illon his Nephew for having contributed to so illustrious a Conquest Italian Princes were heard to say to his Highness at his promotion to the Cardinalship La promotion di vestra Altezza al Cardinalato Colmo d'honore il Sacro Collegio I shall not omit that if the said Henry de la Tour left the Earth the Twenty first of July 1675. to rest from his labours being killed by a Cannon-shot near Satzbach as he went to take a view of a Post of the Imperial Army to the end to give it Battle after the loss of so great a Man the King to comfort himself made Nine Marshals of France the Count d'Estrade the Duke de Navailles the Count de Schomberg the Duke de Duras the Duke de Vivonne the Duke de la Feüillade the Duke de Luxembourg the Marquess de Rochefort and the Count de Lorge His Majesty honour'd them with the dignity of the Marshals staff the Thirtieth of July of the same year of Vicount Turenne's death The Ancientest Mâ—rshâ—ls of France living Anno 1680. are these THe Marshal Duke de Villeroy the Marshal Duke de la Ferte-Seneterre the Marshal de Crequi the Marshal de Bellefond and the Marshal d'Humieres these three last are of the penultimate Promotion The Marshal de Rochefort dyed An. 1676. he quitted the life Military for the glorious The Ministers and Secretaries of State. IF the King be the Soul of the Monarchy his Ministers are the Organs by which he works His Majesty has carried the glory of France to so high a point that it may hope all things and its Enemies fear all Its Ministers and Secretaries of State are indefatigable in their pretious vigilancy and in the cares they take for the rest of the Kingdom They have all signalized themselves their spirit is filled with lights so shining that there is no cloud that they do not pierce nor no Forreign or Domestick Factions which they do not dissipate and subvert their experience is universal A very famous Preacher who is an Archbishop Preaching in Sorbon on the day of St. Vrsula the Patroness Feast of that Colledge in the presence of Anne of Austriche Queen of France said that Cardinal Richlieu had the Spirit of the Prophet Elias and Cardinal Mazarine that of the Prophet Elizeas I believe that these have the Spirit of Elias and Elizeas Richlieu and Mazarine Nor is it to be wondred at all their lights being but necessary and favourable emanations of the great splendour of the Sun who animates and enlightens them The Chancellour MEssire Michael de Tellier Chevalier Chancellour and Keeper of the Seals of France Commander of the Kings Orders Lord of Chavilles Barbezieux and other places excels in Councel Understanding and Integrity he is consummated in the decision of affairs of greatest difficulty Italy has been the Theater of his great Actions as well as France For this reason Loüis the Thirteenth made him Secretary of State and Loüis the Fourteenth Created him Chancellour and Keeper of the Seals for the faithful and important Services that he has rendred his Majesty for above thirty six years in the functions of Minister and Secretary of State. He has the esteem of all great persons and the applause of the people his Memory will be preserved eternally in the Chronicles of France The Arms of his House are Three Lizards which are friendly to Man. That which renders particularly eminent the Office of Chancellour which this person possesses is that he is Chief Minister of the Kings Justice and of his Councel it is he who like another Legislatour Moses ascends into the Mountain he enters into the Cloud which environs the Throne of his Prince where the Rayes and Lightning of Royal Majesty display themselves and where he receives the Laws and Ordinances which he afterwards pronounces to all the people He never wears Mourning because in some sort he deposes his own person to represent for the future nought but Justice it being not decent for this vertue which is wholly Divine to shew a feeling of humane infirmities He has for exteriour mark of his high dignity on his Scutcheon a Cap of Honour of Cloth of Gold faced with Ermines topt with the figure of a Queen the Hieroglyphick of France with the Scepter in the right hand and the Seals of the Kingdom in the left behind the Scutcheon two great Maces of Silver gilt plac'd in Saltier with a Mantle like those of the Dukes and Peers of France adorned with rayes of Gold towards the top and lined with Ermins which encompass all the Scutcheon The door-keepers of the Chancery-Court carrying a Mace of Silver gilt on their Shoulders march before him and the other door-keepers in order In the Book entituled l'Estat de la France Printed An. 1678. pag. 199. I found these following Lords ranged in this following manner as I place them If I have not well followed the order there will be no contest betwixt them for precedency each of them knowing very well his right and duty they teaching them to others M. de la Vrilliere MEssire Loüis Phelipeaux Chevalier Lord of Vrilliere Marquess of Chasteaux-Neuf on Loire and of Tanlai Count de S. Florentin Baron de Hervi and the ancientest Secretary of State was Sworn to his Office An. 1629. He has a great zeal for the welfare of the Church the general affairs of the pretended Reformed Religion are committed to him and many others Languedoc the County of Foix Guienne Rovergne and Quercy Broüage and the Country of Aunis Touraine Anjou le Main and le Perche Normandy Burgundy and Brest and all that is under his charge gives testimony of his Vertue and Merit He has a Son who possesses the See of the Patriarchal Archiepiscopal and private Church of Bourges Messire Pierre Balthazar Phelipeaux de la Vrilliere Marquess of Chasteau-Neuf who has the Reversion of the place of Secretary of State and of the Kings Orders treads in the glorious footsteps of his Father the marks which he daily gives are proofs of what he will be hereafter M. de Louvois MEssire Francois Michel de Tellier Chevalier Marquess of Louvois and of Courtanvau Councellor in ordinary to the King in his Councels Chancellour of his Orders Minister and Secretary of State and of his Majesties commands Vicar-General of the Order of Nostre
Marks of its Devotion Nostre-Dame d Orient in the Diocess of Vabres These two places of Devotion are in Roüergne Nostre-Dame du Calvaire of Betharan in Bearn in the Diocess of Lascar Messire Pierre de Marca has said wonderful things of it in a Book entituled Traité des Merveilles Operées en la Chappelle Nostre-Dame du Calvaire en Betharan It was printed An. 1646. and An. 1648. the word Betharan signifies according to the Language of the Country a fine Branch and according to the Hebrew Tongue the House of the Soveraign and of the most High or the House of Greatness and Eminency In the Territory of the Tribe of Gad there was a Valley of this name which appears by the Book of Joshua The Mountain Betharan has the figure of that of the true Calvary of Jerusalem Many Miracles have been there wrought If Miracles were wrought in the Temples of the Protestants as in these holy places they would make them serve as Seals to their Doctrine and would make them sound forth with a high voice that the Saviour of the World gives the power to them as a most powerful and pressing means to cause the truth of their Faith to be embrac'd and because they have no Miracles they laugh at them To which I oppose that the Jews and Pagans rejected those of Jesus Christ and of the Apostles and with St. Austin that Miracles have been the motives of innumerable conversions to Christianity that Miracles are the Chains that hold us in the Catholick Church Our strayed Brethren chuse rather to suffer themselves to be bound by their own Imagination and by the consequences they draw from the Scripture according to their private spirits and without having either of our most dear Chains neither the antiquity nor the number nor the succession of Chairs nor the Miracles c. which have continued in the Roman Church from Age to Age since the time of the Apostles Let us return to our subject The Church of Nostre-Dame of Ardilliers which is one of the chief suburbs of the Town of Saumur is serv'd by the Oratorian Fathers Saint Maximin and Saint Baume by the Dominicans as also Nostre-Dame de Bonnes Nouvelles at Rennes Nostre-Dame de Rochefort by the Religious Benedictines Saint Reine by the Cordeliers Nostre-Dame d'Orient by the Capucins Nostre-Dame de Consolation de Bezieres by the Religious of St. Francis of Paul vulgarly called les Bons hommes The others by Canons and Secular Priests The twelve ancient General Governments of the Provinces were called together at Paris under Loüis the Thirteenth according to their rank and place in the States General 1614. THe Isle of France Burgundy Normandy Guienne Britany Champagne Languedoc Picardy Daulphine Provence Lyonnois and Orleanois Of these twelve great Governments many others are made Lyonnois comprehended formerly higher and lower Auvergne and also la Marche the higher and lower Bourbounois Beaujolois and the Country of Forrests Orleanois contain'd Poitou Aniou Touraine Loudunois the Town and Government of Rochelle Angoumois le Maine Berry Pais Chartrain le Perche Nivernois and Vandosmois Xaintonge was of the Government of Guienne The Governours of the Provinces An. 1679. are these THe Town Provostship and Vicounty of Paris has for Governour the Duke of Crequy Peer of France Commander of the Kings Orders and first Gentleman of the Chamber to his Majesty He was made choice of by the King to go to Bavaria to carry the Marriage-Presents to Madam the Dolphiness Anno 1680. The Duke d'Estrèes Peer of France is Governour of the Isle of France Soissonnois Laonnois Beauvoisis c. The Prince of Condé Lord Steward of the Kings Houshold has the government of Burgundy and of la Bresse the Duke d'Enguien has the survivourship of his Father The Duke de Montauzier Peer of France and Commander of the Kings Orders has Normandy he was Governour of Monseigneur the Dolphin The Duke de Roquelaure Guienne The Duke de Chaune Britany Marshal Duke de Vivonne of Montmart Champagne and Brie The Duke of Verneuil Languedoc he succeeds Arnand de Bourbon Prince of Conti whose Piety is crown'd in the Coelestial Court he died at Pezenas An. 1666. the 21 day of February and his body was carried into the house of the Carthusians of Villeneufe in Avignon This Prince compos'd two Books one is entituled Devoirs des Grands and the other Memoires du Prince de Conti the former contains very excellent Instructions The Duke d'Elbeuf is Governour of Picardy The Duke les Diguieres of Dauphiné The Duke de Vandôme of Provence Marshal de Grignan is sole Lieutenant-General of this Province he has also been Lieutenant-General of Languedoc The Duke de Villeroy Son of the Marshall of this name is Governour of Lyonnois Forests and Beaujolois The Marquess d' Alluye of Orleannois Blesois Dunois and the Country of Sologne Chartrain and Vandômois Auvergne has for Governour the Duke de Boüillon high Chamberlain Higher and lower la Marche the Marquess de S. Germain Beaupré Limosin the Count d' Auvergne Bourbonnois the Marquess de la Valiere Berry the Prince of Marsillac Francois de la Rochefoucaud Duke of Rocheguion Groom of the Stole and Chief Master of the Game of France Son of the Prince of Marsillac and Grand-child of the Duke of Rochefoucaut married An. 1679. in the Church of S. Roch of Paris Madeleine la Tellier Daughter of the Marquess de Lionnois Minister and Secretary of State and Grand-child of Messire Michel le Tellier Chancellour of France Anjou has for Governour Count d' Armagnac the Kings Master of the Horse Touraine the Marquess de Dangeau Le Maine Laval and le Perche the Marquess de Fervaques Poitou the upper and lower the Duke of Vieville Xaintonge and Angoumois the Duke de Crussol The Country of Aunis and Broüage the Duke de Navailles Nivernois the Duke of Nevers The Country of Foix the Marquess de Mirepoix Navarre and Bearn Duke Anthony-Charles de Grammont Soveraign of Bidache his Father Duke and Earl Marshal of France Knight of the Kings Orders died at Bayonne the 83 year of his age the 12th of July 1678. Conquer'd Countries THe upper and lower Alsatia have for Governours the Duke de Mazarin Duke of Mielleraye and Mayenne Peer of France and particular Governour of the Towns Citadels and Castles of Brisac la Fere Vitre Vincennes Port-Loüis and other places Lorrain the Marshal de Crequy The Town and Citadel of Metz and Vic the Marshal Duke de la Ferte-Seneterre Toul the Count de Pas de Feuquieres The Duke de Noailles Peer of France Captain of the first Company of the Life guard is Governour of Roussillon and Lieutenant-General in upper Auvergne The Duke and Marshal de Duras Knight of the Order of the Holy Ghost has the Government of Franche Comté Marshal d Humicres is Governour and Lieutenant-General of Flanders and particular Governour of Lille Count de Montbron Governour of Arras and Lieutenant-General in
fixt at Anneci after that the Protestant Ministers had driven from the Town the Bishop and the Catholicks The Duke of Savoy nominates to this Bishoprick Cardinal Robert Bishop of Geneva was Pope under the name of Clement the Seventh Grenoble sixty two from Domninus to Messire Etienne le Camus Bishop and Prince President of course of the Estates of Daulphine formerly Almoner of his Majesty He might say with the Evangelical Prophet Quid debui ultrafacere vineae meae non feci I wish him the same fate with S. Gregory of Neocesarea call'd Thaumaturgus who having askt as he lay on his Death-bed how many Infidels remain'd in the City of Neocesarea after that it was answered him onely seventeen he said in rendring thanks to God that the day he took the Government of the Diocess he found full as many Catholicks S. Jean de Morienne is at the nomination of the Duke of Savoy Viviers ninety five from S. Janvier to Messire Loüis-Francois de la Chaume of Susa Count of Vivarez and Prince of Donzere The Archbishoprick of Tolose TOlose has had forty eight Bishops the first S. Saturnin vulgarly S. Cernin and twenty nine Archbishops from Raymond de Comminges Cardinal to Messire Joseph de Montpezat of Carbon formerly Bishop of S. Papaoul who deserv'd in the Prelateship the same elevation as his Illustrious Brother the Archbishop of Sens. The Suffragans are seven Pamiers Lombez Mirepoix Montauban Rieux S. Papaoul Lavaur Pamiers twenty nine Bishops from Loüis de Sicile surnam'd de Marseille to Messire Francois Etienne de Caulet Lombez twenty nine from Arnoldus Rogier de Comminges to Messire Cosme Roger before General of the Order des Feüillans and Preacher in Ordinary to their Majesties He was nominated to the Bishoprick of Pamiers An. 1680. Mirepoix thirty two from Raymond Athon to Messire Gabriel de la Broüë Preacher in Ordinary to the King. Montauban twenty eight from Bertrand du Pui to Messire Jean Baptiste Colbert de S. Poüages Rieux twenty three from Cardinal Pilefort de Rabastein to Messire Antoine Francois Bertier S. Papaoul thirty from Bernard de la Tour to Messire Barthelemi de Grammont Lavaur thirty one from Rogier d'Armagnac to Messire Charles le Goulx de la Berchere formerly the Kings Almoner The Archbishoprick of Roüen ROüen eighty nine from S. Nicaise to Messire Francois Rouxel de Medavi de Grancei Counsellor of State in Ordinary Primate of Normandy Messire Jacques Colbert is his Coadjutor He was created Titular Archbishop of Carthage the 4th of Aug. 1680. The Suffragans of Roüen are six Avranche Bayeux Coûtance Evreux Lisieux and Sées Avranche fifty six from Nepos or Nepus to Messire Gabriel Philippes de Froulé de Tessé Bayeux sixty eight from S. Exupere to Messire Francois de Nesmond Coûtance eighty eight from S. Ereptiol to Messire Charles-Francois de Lomenie de Brienne Evreux sixty seven from S. Taurin to Messire Loüis-Joseph de Grignan formerly Agent-General of the Clergy of France He succeeds Henry de Maupas of Tours sometime Bishop of Pui who was deputed to Rome for the Beatification and Canonization of S. Francois de Sales and has given the publick the Life of Priest Vincent General of the Congregation of the Mission of S. Lazarus The same Prelate has compos'd some other Works Lisieux forty nine from S. Theobaud to Messire Eleoner de Matignon If his high Birth fills him with Honour his excellent Actions accumulate him with Glory Sées sixty eight from S. Latuin to Messire Jean Forcoal before Almoner to the King. The Archbishoprick of Sens. SEns a hundred and sixteen Prelates from S. Savinien to Messire Jean de Montpezat de Carbon Primate of the Gauls and of Germany He was Bishop of S. Papaoul and then Archbishop of Bourges and afterward nominated to the Archbishoprick of Tolose which he did not occupy The Suffragans are Auxere Nevers and Troyes Before that Paris was made an Archbishoprick they were six in number Auxere an hundred and three from S. Peregrin to Messire André Colbert Doctor of the House and Society of Sorbonne Nevers ninety two from Tauritius or Astremonius to Messire Edoüart Vallot Troyes eighty three from S. Amant to Messire N. de Chavigni formerly the Kings Almoner Bishops of Bethléem BEthléem which was but a Village in Palestina belonging to the Tribe of Juda was honour'd with the Title of Bishoprick an 1110. by Pope Pascal the Second in the honour of the birth of the Son of God. The Episcopal See was transferr'd into France in the Diocess of Auxere in the faux-bourg of the Town of Clameci against Nivernois Guillaume the fourth of the name Count of Nevers being in the Holy Land for reconquering of it and considering that the Bishop of Bethléem could not subsist there founded him 500 Livres of yearly Rent for his subsistence in the faux-bourg before-nam'd Charles the Fourth King of France confirm'd this Donation The present Bishop is called Francois Batailler he depends immediately on the Holy See and is very much employ'd in Ordinations and Missions His ancient Predecessors were Suffragans of the Patriark of Hierusalem Messire Francois Batailler was propos'd to go and serve Portugal at the time that this Crown was found reduc'd to one onely Bishop by reason of the Refusal which the Court of Rome then made to give it any on the account of Spain whose Embassadour at Rome made great instances on this subject Auchs joyn'd with the Country of Eusan ninety six Prelates from Ceratius to Messire Henry de la Motthe Houdancourt Commander of the Kings Orders and Purveyor of Navarre formerly Bishop of Rennes and Almoner of the deceas'd Queen-Mother He is esteem'd one of the most learn'd Prelates in Antiquity and in the Science of the Canon-Law absolutely necessary for the government of the Church It 's what is requir'd at Rome The Suffragans are ten Aire Acqs or Dax Bayonne Couserans Comminges Leitoure Lescar Oleron Tarbes Bazas Aire fifty one from Marcel to Messire Jean-Loüis de Fromentieres Preacher in Ordinary to the King. Acqs fifty seven from S. Vincent Martyr to Messire Philippes de Chaumont Bayonne twenty nine from Leon to Messire Henry de Garsias the Prelate that occupies it at present is call'd Messire Jean Dolce Couserans sixty three from S. Valere to Messire Gabriel de S. Etienne vulgarly Esteve Comminges forty seven from Suavis to Messire Loüis de Rechignevoisin de Guron Leitoure forty five from Heutherius to Messire Hugues de Bar. Lescar forty five from S. Julien to Messire Jean de Haut de Sallies President of the Estates of Bearn first Counsellor to the Parliament of Pau and first Baron of Province Oleron forty four from Gratus to Messire Arnaud-Francois Maitié Tarbes forty nine from Antomerius to Messire Francois de Poudens Bazas fifty from Sextilius to Messire Guillaume de la Boissonade of Ortie formerly Chanter of the Church of Agen he succeeds Samuel Martineau Elne joyn'd with Perpignan a hundred
the Marquess de los Balbazez and afterward the Affiances were made by Cardinal Boüillon great Almoner of France The Ceremony of the Marriage was perform'd in the Chappel of the House of Fontainebleau The 20th of September the Queen of Spain parted from Fontainebleau for Spain she went into a Coach with the King the Queen M. le Dauphin Monsieur and Madame they went together two leagues on the way and parted from each other after having bid an Adieu very tenderly Her Catholick Majesty accompanied with Monsieur and Madam went on her way the Marquess and Marchioness de los Balbazez went the Journey with her The 30th of December of the year before-mentioned 1679. was sign'd at Munic the Contract of Marriage of M. le Dauphin with the Electoral Princess of Bavaria Mary An-Christian Victoir A Continuation of Affairs of this time THe King re-establisht by an Edict of 1679. the study of the Civil Law which had not been taught since the Ordinance of Blois of the year 1579. Messieurs Boucherat and de Bezons Counsellors of State who were nominated Commissioners for determining the difficulties which might hinder the execution of the Edict were present at the Harang which the Sieur Deloy Professor made the 17th of December in the Schools of Law to thank his Majesty for the favour granted Some time after the King to render more flourishing the study of the Civil Law of Paris made a Society of twelve Doctors who took the Oath tendred them by the same two Counsellors of State nominated Commissaries for this effect the Sieurs Boccager and le Gendre are of the number of the associated Doctors for their particular merit His most Christian Majesty appointed 200000 Livres to be distributed in the Diocesses of Narbonne Beziers Agde and S. Pons by reason of the Damages that they had suffered by the drought of the same year An. 1680. on the 15th of January the Contract of Marriage of Loüis Armand de Bourbon Prince of Conti with Mademoiselle de Blois Ann Mary de Bourbon was sign'd in the Kings Chamber the next day after Cardinal Boüillon perform'd the Ceremony of Marriage in the Chappel of the House of S. Germain in Laye The King nominated Abbot Hervaux to the Office of Auditor of the Rota possess'd before by Messire Charles de Bourlemont LORAIN LOrain Lotharingia took its name from Lotharius Grandchild of the Emperour Charlemagne The Ducal and Soveraign House of Lorain contains many Escotcheons over all a Bend Gules charg'd with three Alerions Argent in memory of Godefroy de Bouillon who at one sole shoot of an Arrow broacht three little Birds on it Its Princes bear also in their Arms the Cross of Hierusalem by reason of their pretences to the two Sicilies whereof the Kings were also Kings of Hierusalem Lorain has for capital City Nancy two Duchies that of Lorain and that of Bar. They count there three Bailiwicks or Seats of Judicature to wit that of Nancy that of Germany Lorain and that of Vauge These Bailiwicks comprize a great many Lands and Lordships as the County of Vaudemont the Marquisat Nomeni the Marquisat Hatonchatel the Lordships of Epinal on the Moselle Marsal Blamont Salverdin Boulai c. Charles the Fourth Duke of Lorain Uncle of Charles the Fifth Son of Francis Count of Vaudemont was depriv'd of his Estates for some years and restor'd to them upon the general Peace by special Articles the 3d of March 1661. The King of France and the King of Spain have been Masters the one of the Estates of this Prince and the other of his Person Henry the Second King of France conquer'd Metz Toul and Verdun these three Towns were straitly united to the Crown of France by the Treaty of Munster and by that of the Pyreneans Loüis the Thirteenth conquer'd the Town Bar le Duc and all the Country of Barrois and also the strong places Moyenvic Stenai Dun Jametz and the County of Clermont which ought to continue incorporated to France according to the Treaty of Peace made in the Isle of Faisans 1659. Loüis the Fourteenth on consideration of this Peace restor'd Prince Charles to the possession of the Dutchy of Lorain after having caus'd his Fortifications of Nancy to be demolish'd on condition that the Duke should leave off all Leagues Intelligences Associations and Practices with any Prince whatsoever which having not perform'd his Majesty dispossess'd him Since this Treaty of Peace Duke Charles has yielded up to the most Christian King the Property and Soveraignty of his Duchy of Lorain and Bar. The most learned Genealogists draw the Origine of the House of Lorain from above 2000 years It descends from Echinoal Maire of the Palace under Clovis the Second King of France 648. It 's the same Family with that of Austria at present Its Princes repair not to the Diets of the Empire fearing lest they should not have that place allow'd them which they pretend to conformable to their Birth The Dutchy of Bar is a Fief holding of the Crown of France The chief Towns of Lorain are NAncy Mireout Luneville Spinal Remiremont Diuze Valdegrange Rosieres Neufchatel c. Those of the Dutchy of Bar BAr le Duc S. Mihiel Pont-Amousson Stenay Estein Vizelise Moyenvic Commerci Pont-Amousson has the title of University its principal Founder was Prince Charles the Third The Country Messin contains a great many Towns Burroughs Villages Hamlets Castles c. At Luneville near Rosieres there is a fair House of Pleasure belonging to the Dukes of Lorain Mausoleums of the Dukes of Lorain THeir Tombs are in divers Abbeys to wit in that of Clairlieu Clairfountain Beaupre and since these three hundred years at Nancy at S. Georges and at the Cordeliers There are in Lorain four famous Abbeys of Ladies Canonesses to wit of Remiremont Epinal Poussai and Boussiere these Ladies may marry themselves excepting the Abbesses and others of the chief they are of Noble extraction Lorain is very fertile both in Corn Wine and Pasturage it brings forth good Horses and divers Animals Venison is almost as common as Beef in a great many Butchers stalls Fish abound there by reason of the River Maes and other Rivers very full of them as the Moselle the Sare the Meurte and the Selle This issues from the Pond Indre of which the Carps alone bring its Master once in three years 16000 Livres of Rent as it has been attested to me by some of the chief Officers of the late Prince Charles the Fourth The other Ponds are considerable there are four or five of this greatness If Switzerland has great Lakes Lorain has Ponds very full of Fish A Lake is distinguisht from a Pond or Marsh that the first is a deep water and has Springs which never dry and a Pond is a gathering together of waters more subject to diminish Ponds are emptied but not Lakes This Country has Salt-works of a great revenue Rosieres Dieuze Marsal Moyenvic Salone and Chasteau are places of Salt-works and
but the Maritime Towns of Germany which had right of shutting and opening their Gates be it that they were subject to a Prince or that they were free some Kings have authoriz'd them Sixty six Towns are call'd Hans because they are associated and confederated with the four Capital Hans-Towns The Archives of the League are at Lubec which is the Capital of all the Hans League it has right of assembling all the others with the advice of five confederate Towns that are next it Lubec has for its confederate Towns Hambourg Rostoc Wismarc Strasbourg and Lunebourg Stetin Anclan Golnous Gripswal Colberg Ptargard and Stolp Cologne Brunswic and Dantzic include the others You may see thereon the great Atlas and particularly the Books on this subject of the four Capital Hans-Towns Archbishopricks of Germany THe Archbishopricks of Germany are Mayence Treves Cologne Magdeburg Saltzbourg Breme and Prague Chief Bishopricks VIsbourg Bamberg Strasbourg Spire Liege Munster Paderborn Minden Hildesheim Onasbruc Verden Halberstat Brelau the Cardinal Landgrave of Hesse occupies this last which is in Silesia The Abbey of Fulde is famous throughout all Europe for its Antiquity and for its great Riches it is certainly affirm'd to be worth a million of Livres of Rent It is in Buchow betwixt Hesse Franconia and Thuringia Cardinal de Bade has possess'd it a long time The three chief Abbeys of the low Countries are Saint Vaast of Arras Saint Berlin at St. Omer and St. Pierre of Mont Albin at Gand. Cardinal de Bouillon has the first Germany has few Archbishops and few Bishops in comparison of France some Authors have counted thirty nine others thirty six Principalities and Lordships of the Empire and its Division THis Empire contains above three hundred Principalities or Lordships It is divided into ten Circles Austria Bavaria Soüabia Alsatia or the upper Rhine the Electorate of the lower Rhine Westphalia upper Saxony lower Saxony Franconia and Burgundy compose the ten Circles Alsatia and Burgundy belong to France These Circles compose the General Diets of the Empire where all Affairs are transacted The first Body is that of the Electors The second the other Princes be they Lay or Ecclesiastick The third is that of the Free or Franc otherwise Imperial Towns. The most usual division of Germany is into Vpper and Lower in the Upper are put the Switzers Alsatia Soüabia the Dutchy of Witemberg Bavaria Franconia the Palatinate of the Rhine Bohemia Moravia Silesia Austria Stiria Carinthia Carniola and Tirol In the Lower the seventeen Provinces of the Low Countries Liege Lorain Cleves Juliers the three Electoral Archbishopricks Westphalia Hesse Saxony Thuringia Misnia Lusacia Silesia the Marquisate of Brandenburg Pomerania Mekelbourg Holsacia or the Country of Holstein The chief Rivers DAnubius the Rhine the Elbe the Oder and the Veser Danubius arises in Soüabia a great Map very exact of Samson Geographer in Ordinary to the King shews us its rise in the Principality and County of Furstemberg This River contains above sixty Rivers some say a hundred whereof there are about thirty capable of bearing Vessels It has this particular with the Po that it runs from West to East even to its mouth It is the greatest and longest of all Europe excepting the Volga according to a Geographer which flows in Muscovy Men give Danubius above seven hundred leagues in its course it waters above fifty great Towns without counting an infinite number of Castles and Burroughs passes through the Eastern Empire which the Great Turk possesses in Europe and that of the West which belongs to the Emperour of Germany After having flow'd a long while it discharges it self into the Euxine Sea which is call'd the Black Sea or Mar Magiore This River and the Rhine are not far the one from the other at Constance and Schashuysen The Rhine comes from the Alps of the Grisons it has two sources which make each a stream the one is near a Village call'd Fort-Rhen and the other is not far from Mount S. Gothard These two Sources after having flow'd separately some leagues some say ten unite themselves together This River passes at Croire and other places before it enters the Lake of Constance here losing it self for a while it issues forth again with violence and receives the River Aar which much enlarges it because it contains the Waters of great Lakes and Rivers in Switzerland The Nekar the Mosele the Main the Lippe and a great many others give a great addition to it An Author says that sixty two Rivers enter this It waters Bâle Brisac Philipsbourg Spire Wormes Mayence Cologne and other Towns. It parts it self into two Channels at Tholus where is the famous Fort Schenk The left Channel is call'd the Wahal and joyns it self with the Meuse near its mouth The Rhine disgorges it self in Holland into the Ocean its course is above two hundred and fifty leagues They say that the Rhine was plac'd as a bound betwixt France and Germany but Monarchs do not tye themselves to Rules of Geographers and their Sword does not always agree with the Compass The Elb begins in Bohemia in the Mountains near Schimidberg passes at Cogingretz Toschen Dresde Meissen or Mesen Torgan Witemberg Dessau or Dessan Magdeburg Hizaker Lavembourg Harbor Hambourg and at Glucstad Stade is near the Elbe Elster Cadburgz Moldave Sale joyn with this River The Oder takes its Origine in Moravia near Dolmutz which is the Capital of it flows at Ratibor Oppelen Breslau Crossen Francfort and at Stetin Ratibor Oppelen and Breslau are Towns of Silesia Crossen is the Capital of the Dutchy whose name it bears Varthe Noisse Boler and other Rivers joyn themselves to the Oder The Weser takes its Origine in Saxony of Naumbourg near the Dutchy of Saxony of Altenbourg passes at Hamelen Minden Breme and other places Leina Aler Ecker Inerst and other Rivers enter into the Weser Leina waters Hanover Aller Zel and Ferden Ecker Brunswic Inerst Hildeshein Some years since the Duke of Lunebourg took the Town of Brunswick in despite of all the Efforts of the Duke of this name The Electors of the Empire An. 1679. THere are counted many Soveraign Princes in Germany though feudatory to the Empire The chief are the Electors who have power of chusing by their Suffrages the Emperours of Germany The Archbishop and Elector of Mayence ANselm Francis Frederic of Inghelheim Archbishop of Mayence Prince and Elector of the Empire Great Chancellour of Germany Legate of course of the holy Apostolick See. Catholick He was elected the 7th of November 1679. being forty years of age Before his Election he was Archpriest of Mayence and Governour of Erfort A Wheel Or in a Field Gules and over it an Electoral Cap compose the Arms of this Elector The first Elector of this Church was call'd Villigise Son of a Cartwright for evidence of it he kept through Humility a Wheel in his Chamber to put him in mind of his Extraction wherefore his Successors have kept it in
are a Lion Argent arm'd and crown'd Or with a double tail noüed and pass'd in Saltier in a Field Gules Prague is the capital City its Dukes the Kings and Emperours have kept there a long time their Court it is divided into three the Small the Ancient and the New Praga ad Moldaviam fluvium the Molde waters it Its Inhabitants were govern'd by Dukes till Vratislaus was created the first King who was followed by many others till the Royal Line being extinct the House of Austria put themselves in possession of this Kingdom which has been made hereditary in the House of Austria by the Treaty of Peace of Munster The Ancients called Bohemia Bojemia or Bojohemia that is to say in the German Tongue the House or Residency of the Boyes a People of the Gauls who retir'd thither Some have said that this Elector was the last before that he was King. His Chair at the Elections is of Sattin purfled with Gold and that of his Colleagues of Crimson Velvet onely Some would seem to say that he has onely a casting Voice and Suffrage when the other Electors do not accord for the Election of the Emperour but it is certain that he is effectively an Elector as the others and that his Royal quality gives him the first Seat amongst the Lay Electors Bohemia with the Provinces of Moravia and Silesia may be worth yearly twelve or thirteen Millions to its Prince The Emperour Frederic surnamed Barberossa made it a Kingdom it is he who said to Pope Alexander the Third Non tibi sed Petro. The Bohemians in the Ceremonies of the Mass sing the Epistle and Gospel in their Tongue and communicate under both kinds it has been permitted them as a thing which does not alter the essence of Faith. The Town of Egra otherwise Eger belongs to this Crown the Gazettes often mention it There are pretious Stones found in the Mountains of Pinch whence is come the Proverb that men throw sometimes a Stone at a Cow which is worth more than the Cow. The Inhabitants of Bohemia are call'd Bohemians with an Aspiration and the vagabond Egyptian Fortunetellers Boemians they appear'd in Europe An. 1417. They came from Hungary and Valachia Frontiers of Turky The Clocks of Bohemia are after the Italian fashion they tell the hours there from one Sun-setting to the next twenty four hours consecutively Olmus is the capital Town of Moravia and Breslau of Silesia The Emperour Leopold declar'd Count Staremberg Chancellor of the Empire and Counsellor of his Privy-Council the 24th of January 1678. The Elector of Bavaria MAximilian Marie Count Palatine of the Rhine Duke of Bavaria Prince and Elector of the Empire Great Steward of the Imperial House came into the World An. 1662. is Cath. His Arms are three Shields together the first Sable a Lyon crowned Or which belongs to the Palatinate the second is fusile in bend of 21 pieces Argent and Azure which belongs to Bavaria the third Gules an Imperial Globe Or which belongs to the Electorate Saltzburg has formerly been the Capital of this Country at present it 's Munic a very strong place some call it in Latin Monachum others Monachium The Germans Munchen on the River Iser This Elector resides at Munic his Palace is one of the stateliest of Germany The great Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden having taken the Town and the Dukes Palace which he did not demolish by reason of its beauty possess'd himself of the Dukes fine Library where were rare Manuscripts which he carried into Sweden Queen Christian his Daughter gave liberally of them to some learned persons amongst others to the Sieur Vossius Canon of Windsor in England to the Sieur des Cartes and others The Castle of Schelesheim two leagues from Munic is a Country-house of Pleasure where his Electoral Highness goes ordinarily to take the diversion of Hunting His Buccentaurus passes amongst the curious for a Wonder of this Age. It is on the Lake of Staremberg which is a league over and six leagues in length It is held to be as beautiful and as large as that of Venice whereof I speak in its place This Elector raises eighteen or twenty thousand men and sometimes more his Revenue is considerable His Dukedom which is in upper Germany is divided into upper and lower Bavaria Munic Ingolstat and Freisingen are in the upper Freisingen has the title of Bishoprick and Ingolstat of University Ratisbone in the German Tongue Regensburg Passau Landshut Straubingen and many others are of the lower Bavaria The great Church of Munic is the Burial-place of us Dukes The Electorate the upper Palatinate and the County of Chamb were granted to the House of Bavaria and its Successors as long as the Male-line should hold according to the tenth Article of the Treaty of Munster In the last War between France and Germany the Elector Ferdinand Marie stood Neuter He dyed suddenly at Schelesheim at forty three years of Age. Pope Innocent the Eleventh celebrated Mass for the Soul of this deceased person and the Emperour caus'd the Funeral-Obsequies to be solemniz'd at Vienna in the Church of the discalceated Augustins The Empire has been divers times in the House of Bavaria Its Princes have married eight Daughters of Emperours and eleven Daughters of Kings and among the Daughters of this House six have married Emperours three have been married to Kings and two to Dolphins of France Three Electors are of the same Family that of the Palatinate of the Rhine that of Bavaria and that of Cologne which has been for about an Age in this House The Elector of Saxony JOhn Georges the Third of the name Duke of Saxony Landtgrave of Thuringia Marquess of Misnia Great Marshal or Great Gentleman of the Horse of the Empire Prince and Elector Luth. Quarterly 1. upper Saxony 2. Thuringia 3. Misnia 4. lower Saxony Over all the Electorate which is barrely Or and Sable upon that a Crown Verte placed Bendways Dresde on the River Elbe is at present the ordinary place of Residence of this Elector His Revenue both ordinary and extraordinary may amount to about eight millions of Livres Magdebourg is the greatest Town of all the Country The Elector of Brandenburg possesses it by vertue of the Treaty of Munster according to which the Empire has consented that he hold in Soveraignty the Archbishoprick of Magdebourg and the two Bishopricks of Albestad and Minden to indemnifie him for Pomerania Vlterior possess'd by the Swedes Besides that his Electoral Highness of Brandenburg keeps a great Garison at Magdebourg he spares nothing in fortifying it The present Archbishop who is Lutheran is also Bishop of All. He enjoys a great Revenue This Prelate or Governour is of the House of Saxony He is married and has Children well grown in years Amongst his Titles he takes that of Primate of Germany the Electoral Archbishops contest this Primacy with him The House of Saxony is esteem'd one of the most antient of Europe Wittemberg was
Valencia three Compostella fifteen Taragon seven Toledo has two hundred thousand Piasters yearly Sevil eighty Sarragossa fifty thousand Burgos thirty thousand Grenada thirty thousand Valencia thirty thousand Compostella twenty four thousand Taragon sixteen thousand The Bishoprick of Ciguenca brings fifty thousand Piasters and Cadiz twelve thousand The Archbishopricks and Bishopricks have a great Revenue in Spain If the number of Archbishopricks be there small it is very great in the Estates of Naples which are possess'd by his Catholick Majesty it is true that these here are very much limited in the extent of Country and in their Rents as in the rest of Italy excepting the Archbishoprick of Milan Naples and Messina They count in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Archbishopricks and a hundred twenty seven Bishopricks Pope Adrian the Fourth granted to the Kings of Spain in the person of Charles the Fifth of whom he had been Tutor the Right of Nomination to Bishopricks and other Consistorial Benefices they have the Nomination but of some in the Kingdom of Naples The same Pope Adrian a Spaniard gave the Conquest of the New World to the Kings of Spain wherein other Nations do not agree Atabalipa one of the Kings of Peru call'd the Incas being told that this Pope had given the King of Spain his Country said with a laughter Who is that man who gives that which belongs to another This Incas being taken Prisoner by the Spaniards offered for his liberty a Chamber full of Gold and pretious Stones which could not save his life Before he died he appeal'd to the Justice of the God of Christians Protector of the afflicted and innocent Pizarre has been blam'd every where for having caus'd him to be strangled he fear'd that if he let him live he would be taken by force from him Philip the Second boasted that he comprehended the course of the Sun within his Dominions by reason of America because the Sun shines there always when it is set in Europe A Grandee of Spain having said on a day to this Prince that a year before the Emperour Charles the Fifth had left to him his Crowns he replied that it was a year since also that he repented of it The said Philip died of the Lowsie Disease after having lost the Kingdom of Tunis and Holland Pope Clement the Seventh ended his life also by the same Disease caus'd through a great corruption Philip the Fourth fell much from his vast Dominion by the loss of Portugal with all its dependancies in the East and West and after the seizure of Jamaica by the English Spain was extreamly dispeopled by the Expulsion of the Moors and Jews it was farther emptied to stock the Indies and these Dominions being disperst in many places cannot easily be reliev'd Its Mountains are barren and its Women not very fertile The Spaniards are grave in their walk and discourse This makes me think of a pleasant passage related by a modern Author he says that a Buffoon with his ridiculous Gestures and Expressions having on a day made the Queen laugh extreamly at Table it was said to her that a Queen of Spain ought to be serious This Princess who was in her Orient newly come from Germany answer'd that they should then take away that Fellow from before her eyes if they would not have her laugh The Spanish Nation has the repute of making Rodomontadoes the following is not mean made by an Officers a Prisoner of War in France Loüis the Thirteenth having askt him wherefore the King of Spain went not to the Wars as the Kings of France he answered with an Exclamation Ho it is not necessary if the King my Master went to the Army he would make the whole Earth to tremble The Spaniards are fit for holding a long Siege because being sober they endure hunger and thirst a long time They fear much the English wherefore they have said La Guerra con toto il Mundo y la pace con los Inglesos War against the whole World and Peace with the English because they are better Souldiers than them on the Sea. All men are not fit for the Sea. There grows not much Corn in Spain because the Lands are ill cultivated France and Sicily are its its Granaries and of the Low Countries Its Mines of Andalusia Estramadura Grenada Murcia and of some other places are very famous They embark at Malaga the Wine of Grenada which is brought to Paris at Alicant that of Murcia and at Cadiz that of Andalusia The white-Wine is there better than the Claret Arragon and Castille produce not much Wine that of Portugal is almost of a Crimson colour Their Oyls of Olives their Woolls their Silks their Horses and their Mines are very considerable The Castilian Language is the finest of all Spain Charles the Fifth said that if he were to speak to God he would speak in the Spanish Tongue by reason of its Gravity to Men in French to Ladies in Italian to Horses in the German Some Castilians have dar'd to say either through a gayness of Spirit or as a Rodomontado that God spake Castilian to Moyses on Mount Sinai They speak grossly in Galicia Agrippa describing the Humour of four chief Nations of Christendom says among other things that in their singing The Spaniards Groan The Italians Bleat The Germans howl The French Quaver The 27th of Decem. 1676. the King of Spain writ a Letter to Don Juan by which his Catholick Majesty signified to him that he judg'd it convenient to have him near him to assist him with his Counsel It is coucht in these terms according to an Extract taken from the London-Gazette of the fifth of Feb. 1677. The Copy of the Letter of the King of Spain writ to Don John of Austria DOn Juan of Austria my Brother of the Council of State Governour and Captain-General of the Spanish Low Countries and Commander General of all our Sea-Forces the Affairs of this Monarchy being at present in such a condition that I find my self oblig'd to seek all sorts of ways for setling them as they ought to be and having considered that you are therein so very much interessed and that I must impart to you the greatest part of my Resolutions I propos'd to my self to require you to repair hither without any delay to assist me in a juncture so important it 's what I promise my self from the zeal which I have always found in you for the good of the State. God keep you in his protection as I wish From Madrid the 24th of Decem. 1676. EGO REX By the Command of our Lord the King D. Hierom de Eguia The Copy of the Letter of the Queen-Mother to Don John. THe King my Son has resolv'd as you may understand by the Letter which he has written to you that you repair hither as soon as may be to assist him in the administration of the Affairs of the Monarchy and I may tell you that there is nothing which can please me more than to see you embrace the direction with all the diligence which the juncture of affairs requires In which I shall rely on your zeal and good intentions assuring you that for as much as shall be in my power I shall always use my endeavours for procuring you all satisfaction From Madrid the 27th of Decem. 1676. The Answer of Don Juan to the Queens Letter Not doubting but your Majesty sees the Answer which I have made to the Letter of the King my Brother whom God preserve it would be to no purpose for me to repeat it to you assuring your Majesty that you never may have had nor never will have any person who wishes and wishes again to your Majesty with a more sincere intention that which I take God to witness to be most beneficial and advantageous for the service of your Majesty At whose feet I cast my self praying God to maintain your Majesty a long uninterrupted course of years in Posterity From Sarragossa the first of Jan. 1671. In the same year the Marquess de Villa Seria lost the Kings Favour His Catholick Majesty arriv'd at Sarragossa accompanied with Prince Don Juan the Duke Medina Coeli Great Chamberlain the Constable of Castille Great Steward of the Kings Household the Count de Talaras the Duke de Montery and with Count d'Arcot The Queen was in her Government of Toledo Some time afterward the new Corrigidor of Madrid or the chief Governour of the Polity for remedying the inconveniencies which ordinarily happen in the night ordain'd the seventh of October conformably to what has been practis'd of late years at Paris and at Amsterdam for the publick good that for the future there should be expos'd throughout the whole Town of Madrid Lights in the Streets by the means of Lanterns and ordered that from five to five houses there should be a Light for which the five houses should contribute proportionally This Sentence has been put in execution At the beginning of the year 1678. the Council gave sentence in the case of Don Ferdinand of Valenzuela Marquess of Villa Seria who was condemn'd to a perpetual banishment and sent to the Philippine Islands Intelligence was given An. 1680. that the King of Spain call'd him back from banishment from the Islands where Don Juan had caus'd him to be banisht The 17th of September Don Juan of Austria natural Son of the late King Philip the Fourth died being fifty years of age His Body was carried to the Escurial This Prince died at the same hour the same day and the same month as the late King his Father 1666. He was a great Captain fearless in War a man of great Reservation a great Minister of State penetrating all things and neglecting nothing The Kings Marriage CHarles the Second King of Spain being given to understand that the King of France had granted him the Princess Mary Louise of Orleans for Spouse made extraordinary Rejoycings at Madrid all the Town appear'd in fire for many days the People cryed with a loud voice That France had always giv'n them good Queens At their Arrival the Patriarch of the Judges gave their Catholick Majesties the second Benediction The 13th of January 1680. the Queen of Spain made her publick and solemn Entrance at Madrid FINIS