Room against the middle of the Table was the Kings Picture at large in his Royal Robes and over against it divers Hieroglyphick figures with the Kings Arms over them The Ambassador having now done his part he was complemented by several great Persons and Academies in Rome being invited to splendid Entertainments accompanied with Musick Orations Poems Plays Masks Dances and other Exercises as every one thought sit to set forth the respect they bore to the King in the Person of his Ambassador The first that invited him was the Queen of Sweden then Cardinal Pamphilio Cardinal Fran isco Barbarini the Fathers of the Gregorian or Roman Colledge the Clementin Colledge the Academicks of the Infecondi and lastly he was entertain'd at the Popes Palace at the Ceremony of giving Cardinals Hats in open Consistory for the Pope was prevail'd with at length to make a new creation of Cardinals and four that is Ciceri Petrucci Caraffa and Medici receiv'd their Hats the 24th of May 1687. Other Hats had been sent where the Cardinal resided as to the Cardinal of Furstemberg c. and now the Ambassador takes his second leave of the Pope and had his Benediction again for his being present at this Ceremony obliged him to see his Holiness tho' he had before had his Audience of leave the Benediction with a pair of Beads at which hung a Gold Medal of our Saviour and on the 23th of June 1687. he left Rome and return'd homeward I do not find that this Ambassadour was much caressed by the Pope but rather slighted for on his telling the Pope that if he were not better used he would leave Rome the Pope reply'd You are Master of that as you please Whether it were because as some say the Pope was a Protestant in his Heart and did not favour the designed Perversion of England or as others with more probability out of his covetous temper because it was look'd upon that little profit was like to accrue from England to that See at least for his time Or rather because the King of England was link'd in alliance with France betwixt whom and the Pope there were continual differances Or lastly which is chiefly insisted upon because the King of England was altogether influenced by the Jesuits and the Ambassador now there gave himself intirely up to their conduct whose Mortification this Pope always endeavour'd and not without reason for as to their Religion he liked not their Morals and as to their Power in all Christian Princes Courts it exceeded his and they were got into such a condition that if differences should arise between him and them they were likely enough to give him some check and in the mean time lessen'd him in that Grandeur of Government which he aspir'd unto by their interposing in the State Affairs of most Nations without concerning themselves with him at all therein He looked upon them as a distinct and Independant Society Subject to none but their General from whom alone they receive all their prefrements and to whom therefore they pay an absolute Obedience without reserve and that they had got great riches in all places and only us'd it for the advantage of the Society This year 1686. November the 5th the River Tyber swell'd to that prodigious height that it not only drown'd the Neighbouring Country but put several quarters of Rome under water which continued to the 7th and then the waters began to decrease this Inundation was not so high as one that happen'd in the year 1657. yet did an unspeakable damage drowning several people and a great number of Cattle and overthrowing many houses and part of the wall of the Castle of St. Angelo and damnifying one of the Bassions so much that it was in danger to fall the Pope took care to have the People assisted with Boats and Provisions and what else they should want 300 Men were employ'd suddenly to build up the wall of St. Angelo's Castle and assistance was given to people towards their losses The Pope now to give some ease to his Subjects took off the Impositions upon Provisions which was farm'd at 65 thousand Crowns per annum In the beginning of December Father Charles de Noyeles General of the Jesuits dyed and in July following the Society chose Father Thyrso Gonsales a Spaniard for their General who had a contest in himself whether he should visit the French or Spanish Ambassador in the first piace he would willingly have wav'd visiting either but that could not be admitted he at length resolves it and visited the French first at which the King of Spain ordered the Jesuits in his Dominions not to own the new General and the French King in retaliation forbade several Religious Orders to obey their Generals being Spaniards On January the 30th 1686. The Duke D'Estrees who had resided 15 years at Rome in the Quality of Ambassador from France dyed of an Apoplexy The Pope now resolv'd to take the opportunity to put the Bull effectually in Execution for regulating of the Franchises which hitherto he had been easy in and accordingly did abolish the Franchises of the Palace of Farnese where the late Ambassador had had his residence and caus'd the Sbirris or Officers of Justice to appear therein of which the Nuntio at Paris acquainted that King who seem'd not willing to quit that point He afterwards let him know also that the Queen of Sweden had voluntarily quitted the Franchises of that quarter adjoyning to her Palace at Rome admitting the Sbirris to execute what belong'd to their Office therein the King notwithstanding shew'd an unwillingness to admit it and hence grew another Controversy between the Pope and the French King as shall be shew'd hereafter And now its time to be making preparations for the next years War In February the Popes Nuntio in Poland undertook to provide Magazines with Provisions c. for the Army of that King and in March the Prince of Lubmirki Great Marshal of Poland came to Court where the Muscovite Ambassadour gave their reasons why they did not advance further the last Campagne and promised for the next year with their Auxilliaries to have a brave Army in the Field Another Ambassador from thence was also at Vienna who went away well satisfy'd yet in the latter end of June they return'd to the borders of Muscovy after they had made some little incursions into the Tartars Country without ever seeing an Enemy The Pope Emperor and King of Poland had formerly sent Envoys to the Sophy of Persia at Hispahan who were there a year before they could be admitted to audience to have answer to the Letters they brought which were to set forth the advantage the Christians had gained over the Turks in the late Wars and to encourage him to bring an Army at so considerable a juncture of time as this was which if omitted he might expect not only to be frustrate of such another opportunity but be also set upon by the Turk
Napoli di Romania the chief City in the Morea was surrendred unto the Generals Morosini and Conningsmark and then the season of the year requiring it the Auxilliaries return'd homeward and the Popes Galleys arriv'd at Civita Vecchia October the 21th his Troops much weakned by sickness of whom the Pope took great care and bestowed Medals on his Officers The Imperial Army set forward toward the Campagne this year in May that part under the Duke of Lorrain's Command consisted of 55000 another under the Duke of Bavaria of 35000 The Muster-Rolls exactly taken in June in all parts of Hungary engag'd in the War as well Field as Garrison was Of Imperialists and Hungarians 75230. Of Auxilliaries 28700. Amounting in the whole to 103930. The 17th of June the Duke of Lorrain invested Buda in Hungary the second time wherein was a very strong Garison being 12000 Foot and 3000 Horse with store of Ammunition and Provision as expecting to be besieg'd and having had time enough to provide it being a year and half since the former siege was raised In August the Turks came with a great Army to raise the Siege and when they came near 8000 were sent before to force their way into the City the Duke of Lorrain drew out a detachment and met fought and drave them back with loss to their main Body and before night return'd with his Men within the Line of Circumvallation The Turks encamped not far off and frequently parties that had advance Money given them were sent to get in to the relief of the Garison some whereof did obtain their Ends but never attempted the Dukes Camp with their whole body September the 2d after two months and ten days close Siege with the loss of a great number of Officers and Soldiers on both sides this strong and eminent place was taken by Assault in the sight of the Ottoman Army in an hours time the first entrance was on that side the Duke of Lorrain made the Attack at the time of the Assault the Garison was reduc'd to 5000 men whereof 3000 were kill'd and 2000 taken prisoners who were employ'd in burying the dead and cleansing the ditches It was now 158 years since the Turks first took this City being led by Solyman the II. 1526. and it was gain'd back by the King of Hungary 1527. but regain'd by the same Solyman 1529 since which time it hath continued in the Turks possession tho' it hath been divers times besieged before this in vain this was very welcome news to the Pope who caused 20000 Crowns to be distributed among the Soldiers wounded at the Siege and gave 50000 more towards repairing the Fortifications of that place and sent a further supply to the Emperour towards paying his Army The Duke of Lorrain marched after the Turkish Army for they decamped quickly but their march was so hasty also that they got over Esseck Bridge before he could reach them and the time drew on for such of his Army that were to have Winter Quarters in Germany to return so that the main business of this Campagne ended Nevertheless the Imperial Forces that remain'd in Hungary had considerable advantages against the Enemy for in October the 23d the Turks and Tartars coming to raise the Siege of Segedin were beaten by the Imperialists and the Town yielded the Town and Castle of Chonad was taken by General Wallis and also the Castle of Five Churches and Syclos yielded to Prince Lewis of Baden who marching towards Esseck the Garison of Darda quitted the Fort leaving their Cannon c. behind them and the Prince march'd on and burnt 800 yards of Esseck Bridge and taking Coposwar was satisfy'd in his this years success and took up his Winter-Quarters June the 4th the Popes Nuntio in Poland assisted by four Bishops of that Country gave the King the Benediction and the King went immediately to head his Troops his own Army consisted of 30000 the Lithuanians had 15000 and the Cossacks Auxilliaries near 10000 in all 55000 men the Nuntio had provided a Magazine at Limberg and other Frontier places and also a Field-Hospital for sick and wounded Soldiers With this Army the King marched toward the Black-Sea and annoy'd the Turks and Tartars in those parts and afterward obtained a great Victory over them but want of Forage hindred his intended march toward the Danube and the season requiring it he return'd to Winter-Quaruers The Muscovites enter'd into League with the King of Poland this year and engaged to enter into the Crim of Tartars Country but made only an appearrnce for nothing of Action occurr'd but the Nuntio to give his Holiness an account that the King of Poland had not only appear'd but done something which he accordingly did with a request of a further supply and the Pope being willing to encourage and reward him for the least services did in November remit to him 300 thousand Crowns And now the Pope having had an account from all places of the successes the Christians Arms had this year obtain'd against the Infidels caused Te Deum to be sung in the Vatican Chappel in testimony of his thankfulness to God for the same This year a differance happen'd between the French King and the King of Spain as well by reason the Viceroy of Gallicia had seized a French Ship with Money at Guoyn and for the seizure of other Ships at Malaga after the late Truce was concluded between the two Crowns but before the News of it arriv'd at those places as also for that the Spaniards had rais'd 500 thousand Crowns on the French effects in the West-Indies whereupon the French King sent 20 men of War and blockt up the Port at Cadiz so that no ships could pass in or out there The Pope by his Nuntio's in both Courts apply'd himself to make up these breaches and at last brought them to an accord so that the Viceroy restor'd the Money to the Captain of the Ship and the King of Spain entered into an Engagement that as soon as the Ships came home from the West Indies the 500000 Crowns should be repaid to the Frenâ—h Ambassadour in that Court the other matters were likewise accommodated and a peace of Commerce at the West-Indies setled between the two Crowns whereupon the French Fleet sailed off from Cadiz and at the return of the Spanish Fleet the Money was paid to the French Ambassador and the seizures made by the French King on the Subjects of Spain in the French New Conquests were taken off Since the time of the Emperour Charles the V. by an agreement the King of Spain yearly on St. Peters Eve with a great deal of ceremony is to present the Pope with a White Spanish Genet by way of acknowledgment for the Kingdom of Naples this year it was not offer'd according to place and order of Ceremony as it ought to have been so that the Pope refus'd to receive it looking upon it that a breach in a small point might
to consider of and give their Opinions touching the French Clergy's Propositions Those of Poland and part of Hungary met and condemned them And thus the Pope's Thunder having frighted the Clergy the Assembly was dissolved and these high Contests began to cool Nevertheless both Parties held their own pretences neither yielding to the other but while the two Heads strive many Churches remain vacant and that notwithstanding the cry and pretence that a vast number of new Converts stood in need of Instruction to be confirmed in their pretended Orthodox Belief And here I shall leave off this Affair untill the business of the Franchises comes together with it to be treated on having proceeded further than I ought to have done because I was willing to continue the Relation of this Affair with as little interruption by other matters as was possible 1681. The Colledge of Cardinals being diminished to twenty six and those in being many of them very Aged the Pope resolved to create sixteen new ones and reserve the other Ten either to gratifie Princes or please himself as he should afterwards see necessary occasion though he was backward to encrease the Number but rather lessen them looking on many to be a burthen to the Church And this was his first Creation tho many empty Pallaces in Rome craved Inhabitants and herein he shewed he would not fawn upon or flatter the French King by raising any of his Kingdom to that Dignity but chose Italians whose Names are as follow 1. John Baptista Spinola a Genoese aged Sixty Seven Governor of Rome and Secretary of the Congregation of Regulars 2. Anthony Pignatelli a Neapolitan Sixty Six years of Age Bishop of Lecca and Master of the Popes Chamber 3. Stephen Brancaccio a Neapolitan aged Sixty Four 4. Stephen Agostini Archbishop of Heraclea aged Sixty Five 5. Francis Bonvici of Lucca Archbishop of Thessalonica aged Sixty Three 6. Savo Mellini a Roman Archbishop of Cesarea aged Thirty Seven years 7. Frederick Visconti of Milan aged Sixty Three Archbishop of Milan 8. Marco Gallio of Como Bishop of Rimini aged Sixty Nine 9. Flaminio del Tayo of Siena aged Eighty years 10. Raymond Capizucci a Roman aged Sixty Nine 11. John Baptista de Luca a Neapolitan aged Sixty Four 12. Laurentio Brancati of Laurea in Calabria aged Sixty Four years Library-keeper of the Vatican 13. Urbano Lachetti of Florence aged Forty Four Auditor of the Apostolical Chamber 14. John Francisco Ginetti a Roman aged Sixty years Treasurer of the Chamber 15. Benedict Pamphilio aged Twenty Eight Grand Prior of Rome 16. Michael Angelo Ricci aged Sixty five years All these took their Promotions patiently and without much reluctancy only Tayo and Ricci were hardly brought to it The Pope being sensible that the Cheat of Indulgences was apparent to many of the common People and the first thing Luther made use of to encline great numbers to protest against the Encroachments and Superstitions of the Roman Church and also how ridiculous they are esteem'd by Protestants and scandalously made use of by their own Priests especially in remote Countries and particularly disliking that Indulgence of the Immaculate Conception a Controversie among the Dominicans and Franciscans thought it the best way in Reforming his own Church to begin with such things as the Reformers justly took offence at and therefore suppressed divers of them In the first place The Office of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin approved by Paul the First who granted That whosoever should devoutly recite the same should have an hundred days Indulgence as may appear by his Bull of July the 10th 1615. printed at Milan The Pope therefore now Decreed That no Person of what Order Degree or Condition soever should dare to keep read print or cause to be printed the said Book and requiring that whosoever should have the said Office in his keeping should forthwith deliver the same to the Ordinary or to the Inquisitors of the place which Decree was published Febr. 9. 1678. Then he set upon others and suppressed a multitude of idle and foolish Indulgencies which many cheating Priests raised Mony upon from the ignorant People of which kind were those Indulgencies granted by John the Second Sixtus the Fourth to those who should recite the Prayer of Charity of our Lord Jesus Christ by Eugenius the Third to the Revelation made to St. Bernard of a blow on the Shoulder of our Lord Jesus Christ By John the Twenty Second to those who kiss the measure of the Soal of the Foot of the Blessed Virgin By Leo the Tenth to those who wear the Cord of St. Francis printed first at Rome then at Milan 1663. To them that shall say the Angelical Prayer when the Clock strikes to the Image of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary printed in a Circle with the Moon under her feet By Paul the Fifth and Gregory the Fifteenth to those who say Blessed be the Holy Sacrament Likewise those Indulgences for fourscore thousand years copied out of the Ancient Table which is said to be kept in the Lateran Church to those who say this truly pious Prayer O God who for the Redemption of the World c. He also suppressed many others and declared That though according to the Doctrin of the Council of Trent the use of Indulgencies may be useful to the People and doth Anathematise such as shall deny that there is not a Power in the Church to grant them yet he is desirous that the Doctrin thereof be rightly understood and a Moderation used in granting them lest by too great facility or easiness the Discipline of the Church be corrupted and enfeebled It was indeed one of the main businesses that the Council of Trent should have handled that and the Sacrament of the Lords Supper in both Kinds being two principal matters then contested in the German Churches but that Council's Inspiration being brough from Rome in a Cloak-bag the Spirit of the Papacy would not allow it and withal they could not but see that this Doctrin was not solid and would not hold water therefore they slightly touched thereon and nothing was determined in it than only That Indulgences be used with such moderation as was approved by the ancient Custom of the Church of God As this Pope endeavour'd to remove all Remora's of Justice that might hinder the due execution thereof in suppressing the pretended and long abused Priviledges of the Franchises and to take away those Temptations and seeming Encouragements to Vice which had been given by licensing of Stews had suppressed those places and expell'd both Strumpets and other debauch'd Persons out of the City and also had appointed such Magistrates for the due execution of Justice that Rome was become very regular and no publick Vice or Disorders to be seen or heard therein so considering that Men of evil Principles might yet act such things which no positive Law in being could reach That he might at least in some measure eradicate
if he should prevail against the Christians when he had strengthned himself and had more leisure The Sophy at length gave answer in seven Letters two to the Pope two to the Emperor and three to the King of Poland the result of all was That the Sophy is in Peace with the Turks and that his Conscience will not permit him to violate his Oath by which he had confirm'd it in declaring War against the Turk In March the Pope remitted a 100 thousand Crowns to his Nuntio at Vienna for the service of the next Campagne Cardinal D'Estrees told the Pope that the French King would religiously observe the Truce and good correspondence with the Emperor yet went on to Fortify places on the Rhine In February the Pope resolv'd to maintain 1000 Men at his own charge to assist the Venetians in Dalmatia and Signior Imperiale Treasurer General of the Chamber went to Civita Vecchia to give orders and hasten the fitting of the Galleys against May that Month being appointed for the Rendezvous of the Popes Galleys and those from Malta and Tuscany who had all along heretofore joyned the Popes to assist in the Morea 1687. In July the Popes Maltese and Tuscany Galleys did not think fit to joyn the Venetian Fleet for fear of infection the Plague having been amongst them tho' it was assur'd that now the Fleet was clear however they fear'd there might be some remains in Napoli di Romania but his Holiness wrote to the Senate That in case his Galleys could be serviceable to them towards Dalmatia they should have Orders to Sail thither Towards the end of July the Venetian Fleet in the Gulph of Lepanto Landed some Soldiers and beat the Turkish Army found Lepanto and several other places presently abandoned by the Turks which they made themselves Masters of with some Guns at Sea they took almost all their Naval Force being 14 Galleys The Popes Galleys c. at length having adventur'd to joyn the Venetian Fleet with the assistance of these they also took Castle-Novo in Albania and discomfited the Turks Army there the Vessels from this place used much to infest the Adriatique Sea which made the gain of it the more considerable there were found in it 700 Christian Slaves who had been taken by the Turks this year which the Conquerors released getting besides a very considerable booty which had been taken by Pyracy This year the Venetians likewise took Athens and the Turks having abandon'd Corinth and set fire to it the Venetians entred it and had the Keys of the Castle of Totnes deliver'd to them Thus in a little time the Venetians became Masters of all the Morea being 500 Miles in Circuit but the Fortress of Malvasia and now the Season of the year requiring it the Popes Galleys c. return'd homewards and in the beginning of November arriv'd at Civita Vecchia On the 10th of August the Dukes of Lorrain and Bavaria Generals of the Imperial Army obtained a very great Victory over the Turks Army near Siclos It was said the Turks Army consisted of 100000 of which between 8000 or 10000 were kill'd on the place and as many drown'd the Imperialists also took all their Cannon Tents and Baggage of very great value with the loss of not above 500 Men. After this the Duke of Lorrain passed the Danube but found the Country so scarce of Provision and Forage that he was forced in October to retire towards his Winter-Quarters to refresh his Men but General Dunewalt with some of the Imperial Army that were left with him and the assistance of the Croatian Militia took Buezin and Walpo and surprised Esseck where at the Imperialists entrance at the one end of the Town the Turks fled out at the other Mines were ready charg'd to have blown up the Castle at their departure but their haste to be gone prevented firing them and the Imperialists being speedily by the Inhabitants directed to them took out the Powder And thus was this Campagne compleated with the possessing the chief Passage the Turks had into Hungary The Arch-Duke Joseph Son of the Emperor was by consent of the Dyet December the 9th Crowned King of Hungary On the 18th of December that considerable place Agria was surrendred to the Imperialists that stayed in Hungary It was taken by the Turks 1596 and had continued in their possession until this time The Pope had formerly taken the Assignments of several Noblemens Creditors because he could better deal with them than others as is noted before This year in June He gave Orders for seizing the Estate of the Duke of Bracciano for payment of his Debts notwithstanding the great Sollicitations of his Relations and Friends to the contrary The Dutchess who was Sister to the Duke of Noirmonstier parted the latter end of this Month for Paris hoping to find out some means whereby to prevent the absolute sale of their Estate and consequently the ruine of that ancient Family which is a Branch of the House of Ursini In the beginning of July several Congregations were held in presence of the Pope upon occasion of the Quietists whom he was thought to favour and was reproach'd in France as though he had suffer'd a Heresie to grow up under his Nose and spread it self through the whole Church In August another Congregation was held on the same account where it was Decreed that Dr. Molinos should publickly Recant several Propositions drawn out of his Books his Letters and the Confessions of some that had been apprehended and imprison'd by the Inquisitors for those Opinions But this business of the Quietests is so considerable that this History would be imperfect if I do not give a farther account of it for in February and March before this came so home on Dr. Molinos there were imprisoned by order of the Inquisitors 200 Persons some whereof for their Rank Learning and Piety were very much esteem'd at Rome who were supposed to have imbibed the Doctrine of Molinos it will be therefore necessary to begin with some account of him Michael de Molinos was a Spaniard of a good and wealthy Family He entred into Priests Orders but had never any Ecclesiastical Benefice so that he seemed to have Dedicated himself to the Service of the Church without designing Temporal Advantage to himself He passeth in Italy for a Man both of Learning and good Sence but hath to good way of Reasoning to maintain his Opinion His course of Life hath been exact so that the Pope who looked chiefly at the practice of Men not well indeed understanding or concerning himself in the Mystery of Divinity said of him That though he might err yet he was a good Man and therefore to depress him in the Popes favour and calumniate him to others the Jesuits who became the Prosecutors of him and his Followers suggested that he was of a Vicious Life and Conversation It is true he never practised those Austerities that are so much magnified in the Church of Rome
laboured Peace among Christian Princes yet now he liv'd to see them all engag'd but he had this to solace himself with that there was so much work cut out for France that his Arms were like to be diverted from him so that he might dye in Peace which he did accordingly And he had yet greater satisfaction since he had a fair prospect that as he had been instrumental to free a great part of Christendom from the Slavery of the Grand Seignior so now he saw so many great Princes joyn'd together to rescue their Countries from the Tyranny and Usurpation of France which two had design'd to share Christendom between them and none but himself had before so couragiously and vigorously according to the Methods of the Papal See opposed the Encroachments of France as he had done He was sensible that this was not a Religious War as the Jesuits would insinuate who have laboured the Exaltation of France but that the French King had ravish'd something from most of his Neighbours as well Papists as Protestants and that none of them were able to cope with him singly but upon any Fraction that he made with any particular Prince he would give Laws to them and they were forced to truckle and submit to him who would be Judge as well as Party in all Differences betwixt them and that it had long been his Method that if any Princes were at Variance to side with one of them and force the other to a Peace upon what Terms he pleased wherein on pretence of his Arms assisting he would not fail to be a considerable Gainer by the Bargain He saw also that he never observed any Peace or Truce though ratified by the most solemn Oaths further than it was for his own Interest All these Perfidious and Tyrannical Actions the Pope detested and therefore had he lived would in all Probability as well have assisted the French King's Enemies as he had done the Grand Seigniors I have already given an account of what pass'd as Matter of Fact in the Differences between the French King and the Pope wherein sometimes the French Allegations were more publick than the Popes as by the Marquess of Laverdin's Protestation c. for which reason I shall here insert a short Account of what was alledged on the Pope's side whereby the unreasonableness of the French King's Demands will farther appear especially considering his pretended Zeal for the Roman Catholick Religion and his affecting to be called the Eldest Son of the Church First That the French King was so far from having a true cause to complain of the Pope's unfair Dealings towards him that the Pope hath shewed him on divers Occasions the most effectual Marks of particular Esteem and paternal Affection that he might or could do without giving up the Churches Rights whereas the Pope received from the French King and his Subjects on his account and by his allowance witnessed by his Protection of them divers and several Injuries Contumelies Reproaches as well as Slights and Oppositions both by Words and Writings Secondly In the Matter of the Regale The French King extended his Power over more than half the Churches and Parishes of his Kingdom contrary to the express Dispensation of the second General Council of Lyons and the immemorial Possession and Rights of those Churches confirmed and authorized by the Acts and Ordinances of his Royal Predecessors and the Sentiments and Arrests of the Parliament of Paris the Registers of the Chambers of Accounts and the uniform Judgments and agreeing Opinions of the most famous and celebrated French Lawyers He endeavoured to subject divers Monasteries to his Nomination where they were Elective even to the almost Destruction of some of them and where he did suffer others to elect by his uncontrolable Power and absolute Authority he forced the Electors to choose whom he pleased and disinvested the Bishop of Pamiers of his Revenues because he defended the Canonical Liberty of the Church and persecuted the Canons and other Ecclesiasticks by Imprisoning and Banishing them because they would not obey the Schismatical Vicars which the Arch-bishop of Tholouse named in opposition to those Canonically elected and confirmed by the See of Rome with divers other Obtrusions on Religious Houses and Churches contrary to all Rules of Right and Justice Thirdly He suffered Books Dedicated to him and Licensed to be published both at Paris and by his Ambassador at Rome contrary to the Apostolical See and injurious to the Pope's Person Fourthly By his Edicts he confirmed the Propositions made by his Assembly in Derogation of the Pope's Authority and forced them to be Registred in the Sorbon against the Doctor 's Will. As to the Pope he was always ready for an Accommodation but that the King ever insisted upon having his Demands first accurately satisfied That the Pope never refused his Bull of Confirmation where the King regularly Nominated unless to such Persons of whom he is the sole Judge that were Court-Church-Men and had signed the Propositions which were Diametrically contrary to the Apostolical See or were notoriously Scandalous That the Pope denied not Audience to the French King's Ambassador if he would have communicated his Commission to Cardinal Cibo as the French King hears no Ambassadors c. before they have conferred with his Secretary or chief Minister of State but withall the French King had never returned answer to the Pope's Brief touching the Regalia which had been presented eight Years before the Ambassador was refused the immediate Access to the Pope he required And Lastly As to the business of the Franchises they have been found to be so great an Evil in the Government that the Pope was resolved to Extirpate their pretended Priviledges and that he is the sole Judge of what concerns his Temporal Government and no one ought to intermeddle therein but leave it to himself who is resolved to be Master in Rome as other Princes are in their Dominions And thus the Pope left these Differences undertermined What may further occur therein we must expect in the new Pontificate In the beginning of this year the Turkish Envoys came to Vienna to Treat of Peace The Diet in Poland ordered an Ambassador to be sent thither to Treat on their King's part notwithstanding the French Ambassador in that Court had laboured the contrary The Venetians had one there also and on the twelfth of March 1688 9. the Emperor's Commissioners having before received the Envoys Proposals gave their Answer by way of Demand viz. That the Turks should yield the Emperor to enjoy all the Countries Towns and Fortresses that he had gained during the War That Transilvania and Wallachia which have put themselves under the Emperor's Protection shall be freed from the Annual Tribute they formerly paid the Port. And that Count Teckely be deliver'd up to the Emperor The Envoys declar'd they had no Instructions to intermeddle in the last Demand The Venetians demanded the Island of Negropont and the Dutchy
of Athens and the Fortresses of Dulcigno and Maona with all the Morea and that the Turks should pay the Venetians 400000 Ducats towards the Charge they had been at in the War The Poles demanded Caminiec to be deliver'd up to them The Envoys gave answer That they were tied up to the Propositions they had made and could not recede from them or give any answer to their Propositions until they had sent to inform the Port of them and had receiv'd thence further Instructions It was discoursed of offering them fifty days and that if a Peace were not after that concluded the Envoys should be sent to Raab and detain'd there during the War in return for that the Grand Seignior had secured Count Caprara when he resided in quality of the Emperor's Ambassador at Constantinople No Peace ensued for the French Minister at the Port represented to the Divan or Council That his Master was entred into the heart of the Empire with an Army and that he had put all the Princes and the Estates thereof into a great Consternation wherefore the Emperor had withdrawn his Forces out of Hungary for the defence of the Empire and that his Master being now actually in War with him the Grand Seignior would have a favourable opportunity by continuing the War to recover the ground he had lost and promised on his Masters part a powerful Diversion to the Empire Upon which the Divan resolved to continue the War and gave orders for new Levies c. As to the War against the Turk little can be said of it in the time I am limited to viz. the Pope's Death the Venetians had then made but little Progress in this years Expedition April 17. Prince Lewis of Baden was appointed by the Emperor to command his Army against the Turks which consisted of 32000 Germans besides Hungarians and Croats that should joyn him on his march He pursued the War with very great Success The Tartars in the beginning of this year made an Incursion into Russia from whence they carried a great number of People into Slavery having defeated some Troops that got together in hast without due order or conduct to oppose them And since I have often mentioned the Tartars and their Incursions take this short Account of them They are a Savage sort of People that have few Towns or Villages in their Country but live for the most part in the Fields and Woods removing from place to place with their Children and Cattle in great Troops or Bands where they can find Sustenance They breed up Horses with great Difficulty for their use practising them to live two or three days without Meat or Water so that in the training of them to it they loose many when they go into a neighbouring Country to Pillage they ride on one of these Horses and lead another to carry away their Plunder or change in riding as they see occasion and for themselves they provide a good piece of raw Flesh of a Horse or other Beast and putting it under their rude Saddles they ride upon it and in a days time the heat of the Horses back will have stew'd it sufficiently and then as they are hungry they tear or draw out a piece of the Flesh and devour it without any Let or Hinderance in their Journeys but they that have Milch'd Mares sustain themselves by drinking their Milk And thus they will with great speed travel 2 or 300 Miles till they meet with People or Spoil which they take and carry away before Troops can be assembled to attack them Their Arms are only a kind of Sword or Scimiter with which they spare not to cut off the Heads of such as will not yield to them When they joyn the Turk they march in the Van without any order Robbing and killing as they please Those of them in Caminiec this year did often ride forth Robbing and Spoiling the King of Poland's Country and 2000 of them brought in 300 Wagons laden with Provisions into the Town which did formerly belong to the King of Poland and he hath often attempted as he did this year to regain it but without Success In June the Moscovites met and engaged a very great Body of them and on the place and in pursuit kill'd 3000 of them April 19. Christina Queen of Sweden died at Rome In the year 1655. she renounced both her Religion and her Kingdom she had been educated in and own'd the Protestant Religion but after she was Queen she was perswaded to change it for the Roman Catholick and considering her Subjects could not bear the Propagation hereof which her new Principles obliged her unto she resign'd her Kingdom unto her Kinsman Charles Gustavus and apparelling her self in the Habit of a Man she stole away and passed through Denmark and the Lower Germany and came by way of Holland into Brussels where she changed her Habit and in the Privy-Chamber of the Arch-Duke Leopold then Governor of the Low-Countries made her self and Design known and on Christmas-Eve in the presence of him and several of his Nobles she abjur'd the Heresies of Luther and made Profession of the Roman Catholick Faith She resolved to spend her days at Rome where she might live and enjoy her Religion in the most pompous and splendid manner and not only delight her self in the Conversation of Grave Cardinals and Learned Men which she loved but also gain Favour of the Pope and have recourse to him for Pardons Indulgences and his paternal Benediction But the Plague raging that year at Rome she defer'd her Journey thither almost a Twelve-month until the City and Country were restored unto Health Alexander the Seventh was then Pope and she signified her Intentions to him who gave her License to come but desired she would make another solemn Abjuration at Inspruck to prepare and dispose Italy for her more solemn Reception When she was on her way in Germany the Pope sent Luke Holstein the Keeper of the Vatican Library to make her Majesty a Complement in his Name which Person he thought would be very acceptable to accompany her in her Journy being accounted one of the Learnedst Men of that Age. When she approached near Rome he sent four Nuntio's to meet her at her entrance into the City she was met by two Legates a Latere who with a pompous Train conducted her to the Vatican Palace where she was lodged with the Royalty appertaining to a Queen Many and various were the Ceremonies which passed at the Reception of this Great Person after which on Christmas-day she was confirmed by the Pope in St. Peter's Church who superadded the name of Alexandra to Christina She continued her abode at Rome to the day of her Death and out-lived that Pope and Clement the Ninth and Tenth and died a little more than a quarter of a year before Innocent the Eleventh in whose time by reason of Wars in Sweedland the yearly Stipend of one hundred thousand Crowns which she reserved