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country_n	great_a	king_n	persia_n	1,582	5	10.5277	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A13572	The strangest aduenture that euer happened: either in the ages passed or present Containing a discourse concerning the successe of the King of Portugall Dom Sebastian, from the time of his voyage into Affricke, when he was lost in the battell against the infidels, in the yeare 1578. vnto the sixt of Ianuary this present 1601. In which discourse, is diuerse curious histories, some auncient prophesies, and other matters, whereby most euidently appeareth: that he whom the Seigneurie of Venice hath held as prisoner for the space of two yeres and twentie two dayes, is the right and true king of Portugall Dom Sebastian. More, a letter that declareth, in what maner he was set at libertie the xv. of December last. And beside, how he parted from Venice and came to Florence. All first done in Spanish, then in French, and novv lastly translated into English.; Adventure admirable, par dessus toutes autres des siecles passez & present. English	Teixeira, José, 1543-1604.; Munday, Anthony, 1553-1633.	1601 (1601)	STC 23864; ESTC S118296	67,947	90

dated the fourth and came by the way of Paris For which and for all the honours and graces you haue done me in them I often kisse the hands of your sacred selfe They will me that I should answere as one accused to certaine demaunds set downe therein which in obedience to your worthie commaundement I purpose to do and for my better vnderstanding as also all others whatsoeuer the demaunds shall be set downe in order following The first demaund For what cause the King of Portugall Dom Sebastian without leauing any heire vnto his kingdome would put his life in hazard of losing passing at the age of 24. yeares and a halfe into Affrick a countrie of Infidels and a land extreamely hot and vnfaithfull The second demaund What iudgement I make of his life whether he died in the battell or saued himselfe And what I thinke of the bodie that was buried as his in the church of Bethlehem a couent of Monkes of the order of Saint Ierome a league from Lisbon in the beginning of the yeare 1583. The third demaund Wherefore being aliue he would not discouer himselfe that he might be vsed like a King and freed from so great miserie as is well knowne the slaues in Barbarie do endure The fourth demaund Where he hath bene all this long continuance of time and how chance he came to Venice not to France or some other place where without doubt he might haue receiued better entertainment according as appertained to his condition And whether by my sight of him I know him assuredly The fift demaund What they were that procured his libertie What further tidings I haue of him and whether he determine to passe any further then this citie The sixt demaund Admit that this prisoner be the same king of Portugall Dom Sebastian and that by the helpe of God fauour of his most christian Maiestie as also other Princes and estates of Christendome the Seigneurie of Venice do so acknowledge him what meanes and remedies hath he to recouer his kingdomes and to reestablish himselfe in the possession of them An answere to the first demand For answer to the first demand I say that the principall cause which prouoked king Sebastian to passe into Affricke was as being a very christian Prince honorable and iust his enflamed desire to increase christianitie and to make the name of God knowne through the wide vniuerse And as after he came to the yeares of discretion he alwayes maintained and chearished this ●ope so such an apt occasion instantly offering it selfe he did ●mbrace it with all affection But worthy Lord the better to giue notice of what I intend I must deriue my course from higher ●nstances discoursing of the race and successe of the later Barba●ian kings to wit Muley Mahamet Xarifa and Muley Ma●uco sirnamed Abdelmelech who would terme himselfe the ser●ant of the most high this the vncle the other the nephew yet both royall pretenders Muley Mahamet father to Muley Hamet the bastard now raigning in Barbary had three legitimate sonnes Muley Abdela Xarifa Muley Abdelmumen and Muley Abdelmelech otherwise called Maluco of whom we now are come to make mention This was a very wise Prince and of mighty valour he ioyned to his owne inheritance all the kingdomes of Barbary and them he discretly gouerned while he liued At point of death he named for principall heire his eldest sonne Muley Abdela Xarifa conditionally that he should giue to his two brothers part of his kingdomes Muley Abdela succeeding thus his father not onely denied to fulfill his commandement but concluded vpon the death of his brethren Who hearing thereof in the city of Miquines where as then they kept tooke counsell to withdraw themselues into Turky and so trauelling thence after they had dispatched some hindring difficulties within a few dayes they arriued with their mother and sister at Tremessen a city of the Turkes At the same time reigned in the kingdome of Fez the onely sonne to Muley Abdela Xarifa named Muley Mahamet Xarifa who by expresse charge sent a man to Tremessen and there he murthered Muley Abdelmumen as he was at his prayers in the Temple Muley Maluco then being at Constantinople where then bare sway the Sultan Selim Muley Abdela aduertised of this murther although himselfe had before procured it made shew as if it displeased him greatly and with chiding his sonne caused iustice afterward to be done on the murtherer After some few yeares his houre of death approching he left as his only heire the sayd Muley Mahamet his sonne without making any mention of his brother Muley Maluco who still kept himselfe at Constantinople intending to request succour of the great Emperour Muley Maluco being certified of his brothers death made such meanes vnto the Sultan Amurath who reigned then after the death of his father Sultan Selim that he gaue him ten gallies for his passage to the realme of Argell or Argiere and commandement to the king of that countrey to leuie so many men as he could and then to accompany him in his owne person till he had seated him in the kingdomes and lands of Barbary Muley Maluco hauing bene at Argiere departed thence in company of the sayd king and with him three thousand Turkish harquebuziers all arriuing together at Tremessen where with ten peeces of artillery and other munition the inhabitants vnited their forces with them From thence he iourneyed with his power into Barbary and there after diuerse fightes with the king his nephew he tooke possession of Teza which was yeelded to him without any resistance And proceeding onward he came to Fez where then was Muley Mahamet with thirty thousand horse and ten thousand harquebuziers there was likewise an Andalusian Colonnell that came and ioyned eighteene hundreth Andalusians with him The ordinance on either side played very roughly Muley Mahamets part did small dammage but Muley Malucos very much discomfiting almost all his nephewes horsemen and forcing them to a speedy flight On the other side the foote after diuerse hote skirmishes came to handy blowes continuing the fight so long and with such fury as darke night was faine to terminate the battell Muley Mahamet beholding his troupes thus vanquished and considering it was beyond his strength to make any further counter-quarrie against his vnckles forces withdrew himselfe into Morocco and such in his company as bare him best affection His vnckle tooke the way to Fez where he was honorably receiued and few dayes after gaue free liberty to Bacha king of Argiere to depart home againe with his men wherof seuen hundreth remained there still with him Muley Maluco vnderstanding that his nephew prepared to charge him with a fresh encounter went thence to Miquines where continuing his resolution within a while after the two armies began to shew themselues neare to the towne of Halé where the vnckle ouerthrew againe his nephew and his forces which amounted to forty thousand horse and ten thousand harquebuziers Muley Mahamet seeing

receiued sworne and confirmed by the people King of the said Realme who being slaue to a particular man his good fortune fauoured him so much as not to be knowne and he mette with another slaue of his companie an Affricane Gentleman who spake verie well the language of the Coimbre and called himselfe Gaspar de Gran. This man made his maister beleeue that this slaue Dom Antonio was a Priest which would neuer be redeemed thence because his kindred were very glad of his life in imprisonment for thereby they had in meane while the benefite of his goodes and rents wherefore he gaue him counsell that it were much better for him to make some reasonable composition then to be a looser altogether In the end the matter was so concluded that for the raunsome of the Prince and the said Gentleman the summe of sixe hundred Cruzadoes must be paid him which are Crowns valuing fiftie solz or souse Tournois And the Mores parted thence with them neuer trauelling but by night but hiding them selues all the day time and on the fift or sixt day after they arriued in the night at the gates of Arzile where entring masqued they left their slaues receiued their money and then returned backe to their houses If the Lord Dom Antonio had bene knowne for such as he was and had fallen into the power of the king of Barbarie his matter had sorted a quite contrarie way for the slaues to the king are kept in very strong guard and if they hold tenne thousand crownes rent there will be demaunded fiftie thousand for their raunsome which if they will not make promise of they must endure the sharpe bastonnadoes The slaues that are to other particular men are much more nearer their libertie either by getting such a summe of money sauing themselues otherwise or enlarged at length by the meanes of their Mistresses It is a thing verie ordinarie in Barbarie worthie Lord for the women Moores do extremely loue Christians many times they receiue libertie by the meanes of them and likewise get very good gifts frō them In like sort diuerse are freed and scape vnknowne by meanes of the religious Fathers of the most holy Trinitie which are called the Order De Redemptione captiuorum in Fraunce we call them Mathurines There is commonly Monkes of this Order in Barbarie who deale with the Moores for the raunsome of Christians which Monkes do passe through all the Realmes of Barbarie clothed in their habits with verie much libertie and haue great credit with the Moores Among whom if they find some man of qualitie that is not knowne at all they compound immediatly for his raunsome and counting downe the money or promising to pay it in a limited time they set him at libertie I thinke reuerend Sir because I can yet vnderstand no further of matters passed that my Lord the king Dom Sebastian hath neuer bene held as prisoner or if he haue it was his good happe to meete with an honest maister with whome he liued so long as till he could obtaine his libertie or compasse the meanes to make an escape And as we do imagine he hath bene wandring among the Aethiopians as your worthie selfe may gather by the translation of two letters written vnto me the one from the Father doctor Sampayo the other from Dom Iohn de Castro the originals whereof remaine in my custodie with seuen or eight other letters of theirs which they did send to me frō Venice In this demaund likewise your reuerend Lordship praies me to tell you for what reason my Lord the king Dom Sebastian did not come into Fraunce or to any place else where doubtlesse he might haue bene receiued according to his qualitie namely with better entertainment then he had at Venice I answere that being by Gods grace restored to libertie himselfe will deliuer the causes that mooued him to go and present himselfe before the Lords there and those likewise which withheld him from comming into Fraunce or elsewhere according as your selfe haue alleaged As for my knowledge of him it sufficeth me to heare the speech of him I being in one place and he in another But comming to the sight of him I can demaund and know diuerse notable things of him which is impossible for him to haue altogether forgotten for assuredly he can and will resolue me in one or other For since the time I became religious which was at two and twentie yeares and 26. daies of mine age he being then aged 12. yeares one moneth and 28. daies I haue seene him in diuerse quarters of Portugall and conferred with him of very important affaires Before I was religious he being aged seuen or eight yeares I serued as a Page to his Grandmother his fathers mother who was sister to the Emperours Charles the fift and Ferdinand and graund-mother to the most Christian Queene Maria de Medicis and for this reason he is very neare kinsman to the sayd Maiesty cosin germaine remoued by the fathers side Iohn the sonne of Catherine and likewise cosin germaine remoued by his mothers side Iane who was eldest daughter to the sayd Charles the fift brother to Catherine This which hath bene sayd ioyned with the translation of the two missiues ensuing may serue as answer to your fourth demaund The translation of a letter from the father Doctour Sampayo To the Rright reuerend father and Doctor the father Frier Ioseph Texere Portugueze Counceller and Almoner to the most Christian King in our couent of the friers preachers at Paris Most reuerend father and maister I Haue heretofore written to your fatherhood concerning this present matter and because I know not whether my letters haue bene deliuered you or no I determined to send one more after the rest Perswade your selfe holy father and euen as God shall deale with my soule in the article of death that no other motiue stirres me hereunto but onely brotherly affection truth and zealous loue to the liberty of my countrey The King Dom Sebastian our Lord is prisoner here in this city and so hath bene for two and twenty monethes whom God in his iudgements concealed to himselfe hath permitted to come hither transported to this place very poorely and robbed by fiue of his owne seruants which he entertained in Cicilie But so soone as he arriued here in this city where he hoped to find good fauor and support immediatly the Embassadour of Castile persecuted him most cruelly perswading the Seigneurie that he was a Calabrois a theefe c. For this cause the Lords imprisoned him and rigorously proceeded against him here they keepe him close shut vp not suffering him to be seene nor enlarged nor execute any act of iustice vpon him Quia nullam inuenient in eo causam Because they can find no iust cause against him Our sinnes are great great is the strength of Spaine and the malice of the Iewish Portuguezes in this countrey whereof some weare red bonnets and others blacke but the last

marke which he had naturally imprinted as it were on his person He is wounded on the brow of the right eye and on the head as many witnessed when they saw him in the Affricke battell he hath abundance of great wounds on his armes and legges he speakes Portugall as mingled or corrupted wherein he is not much to be blamed considering he hath not spoken it in the space of two and twentie yeares according to the resolution he tooke with his friends and companions because they might passe the better vnknowne His hand writing is the selfe same obseruing still the same maner and method all which are verie well remembred by diuerse that haue both scene and knowne them in times past In the secret notes of his bodie there is none likewise wanting albeit he haue many very notable as is iustified by good testimonie approued by the publike Notaries of Portugall It is impossible to find another man in the world that should haue all the selfe same markes and it seemes that God had thus signed him from the wombe of his mother with so manie rare and signall markes to make him knowne by meanes of them in so vnhappie and miserable a time euen as he hath likewise preserued him for the fulfilling of so great and auncient Prophesies which haue so copiously spoken of him May it please God but to permit that the prosperities in the accomplishment yet remaining to him may aunswer in like certaintie to the foretold aduersities which he hath passed alreadie Things standing in this estate we haue demaunded audience of the Seigneurie which twice hath bene graunted vs by the Senate with verie good will And there we deliuering the rumor that ran abroad of the imprisonment of our King Dom Sebastian by meanes wherereof all Portugall was moued and all Christendom held it for meruellous and strange we requested that he might be seene and knowne and if he were found to be the true King Dom Sebastian that he might be so held and esteemed of euerie one If vpon their suffering him to be thus questioned and seen by vs we returned and auouched him to be the same we would submit our selues to such imprisonment as they thought meet and suffer what punishment they would please to appoint if herein we dissembled or dealt false with them Before these audiences could be obtained we offered them a Charter in parchment whereby we gaue them to vnderstand that we desired no other grace or fauour but what hath beene graunted in the like case by Philip. 2. King of Castille he hauing more interest in this matter then they about two Portuguezes who in Portugall did feigne themselues seuerally to be the true King D. Sebastian he caused them to be kept in a publique prison where all the world might haue seene and spoken with them to the end that they might not be abused by them and they were soone found to be villaines and deceiuers whereby the Portuguezes were quickly resolued We required moreouer that good order might be taken for his diet and that his person should be safely regarded while this affaire were further proceeded in least his enemies might compasse his death by poison for if anie such thing should so come to passe the Portuguezes would report continually that the Seigneurie of Venice had murdered their proper naturall lawful and true King when it should plainly appeare that he was no Calabrois whence would arise such ill will betweene the Portuguezes and the Venetians as the Seigneuries name should for euer be scandalized through the world See here the substance of all that we could doe yet we continued still in our right with all the diligence we could possibly vse calling neuer for anie other thing then iustice And as we grew great in the poore opinion of our hopes Diego Manuel chanced to arriue there by whose comming we were somewhat more comforted perswading our selues now to obtaine thorowly what we desired because he had brought letters of great importance which mainly might set forward our earnest sute And to strengthen vs yet more Sebastian Figuera came hither likewise the 4. of this moneth with letters from the States in general of Holland from the Prince Maurice vnto the Seigneurie in fauour of the King Dom Sebastian which were deliuered on the morrow for the Lords had appointed vs to be heard againe as that daie Now aduise your selfe very well whether I haue reason or no to thinke strangely of you and to expect your presence here for obtaining of this glorie wherein you haue so seriously trauailed vntil this day If you haue any remēbrance of heauen or anie high and generous spirit here haue you a subiect meet to employ it in I beleeue you reserue to your self the sur-name of a Portugueze for nothing but to ioyne it only with that of Texere This should be the hidden treasure whereof in the end of the yeare 1598. you called to the finding your good friend the knight Buodo when you made your passage into Holland If you be desirous of glorie and happinesse we shall soone haue you here deuide your selfe in peeces for the Prince and you shall find the effects thereof in the mercies of God In sooth I know not how you haue abstained from comming barefoote hither considering how zealous you haue beene for the good and profite of our countrie and such a professed enemie beside to the Spaniard and in times past of high courage for vndertaking of anie worthie attempt seeing vnder heauen is not the like case as here offers vnto you besides being free for whosoeuer to embrace Awake your spirites either now or neuer and seeing you haue so much credite in those parts pray importune your friends in any place wheresoeuer and if you may obtaine letters from his most Christian Maiestie the famous Queene of England the generall States of Holland and from all the Princes and Lords of France that this Seigneurie may suffer the prisoner to be known what he is true or false or at least to enlarge him because to this houre they will neither let him be knowne nor seene but faile not to come with what fauours you can compasse And say that deniall herein maybe made vnto you yet you must not slack your comming in a busines so expedient for you shall do no mean seruice to your Prince as you haue done heretofore and that verie notably and had we but your presence here we should hold it sufficient Doe not let fall to ground so great an aduenture seeing you haue done so much alreadie for a shadow and giue the like counsell vnto your friends for neuer can hap like occasion to this On one side the enterprise is put into your hand on the other the recompence doe like a defender of your countrie and your merite shall be more then following times can acknowledge Notwithstanding let me thus condition with you that you shall not be so couetous a louer of your selfe as to

things vnwritten which at large I will deliuer to ●our Excellencie when I shall be so happie as to see you The most humble and obedient seruant to your Excellencie Pantaleon Pessoa de Neyua ● Forgot to tel your Excellēcie that the king not only during his ● imprisonment was 27. times questioned by my Lords the Se●tors in common but likewise by the iaylour and also by his con●ssour in particular by the warders and prisoners that were with ●m To all whose interrogations he euermore maintained pro●sted that he was the true king of Portugal D. Sebastiā instāt● requested that he might be confronted by the marks signes ●hich were knowne he had naturally imprinted on his bodie Iu●fying withall that he had a bodie of flesh and bones and not of ●asse to graue anie supposed markes vpon it praying he might be seene of the Portuguezes yea and to straungers that had knowne him in Portugall or elsewhere before he lost himselfe in the battaile of Aff●icke all which they would not permit At the beginning he answered them still to verie good purpose but in the end seeing they would do him no such fauours as he desired but only proceed with him in nothing but demands being somewhat by nature impatient and cholericke he much disdained to answere their interrogatories Notwithstanding being returned to the prison and discoursing to the prisoners what demaunds they had made to him he said I answered here and there to such a demand but I must answere such and such things This is the report of such as haue bene deliuered out of the same prison wherein he was enclosed and himselfe likewise told vs as much since then from his owne mouth An addition of some importance I Thought good to adde to the end of this worke what hath bene deliuered to me by a personage of good credite who heard it spoken by the mouth of the King Dom Sebastian himselfe among other questions that were made to him he being desired to reueale whether he had bene kept as a captiue in Affrica or no made answer that he was not taken nor stayed as a captiue or slaue but hauing escaped from the battell by flight though very sore wounded and with him those that are mentioned in the last letter of Frier Ioseph Texere to the Bishop to wit the Duke d' A● 〈◊〉 of Redondo and de la Sortella D. Fernand de Meneses and 〈◊〉 Iohn de Castro c. who by the Kings aduice did all secretly and strangely disguise themselues that they could not be knowne to anie one which being done the King and they in the confused returne of the armie to Portugal came back with them where hauing bound the rest to him by a deare engaged oath would none of them be seene or knowne but prouiding themselues of such iewels and money as they could conueniently get departed al againe from Portugal Being vrged to expresse his reason for so doing the King said that his griefe and shame was so great that by his folly and rash losse to the hurt of all Christendome 〈…〉 more be seene but penitently wander through the world without anie intent euer to reuisite his kingdome more and the verie same mind he found likewise to be in his friends so sworne to him Being asked by what meanes he now returned without them whom he auoucheth to be all liuing and why no sooner he discouered himselfe he answered beside some reason alreadie expressed in the letter of Dom Iohn de Castro of his liuing in a hermitage c. that he will more at large satisfie this demand when he shall haue his person secured in anie countrie Likewise by another of worth to be beleeued it is said that the worthie gentleman sir Anthony Sherley for his great valor seruices in high account with the Sophie of Persia hath written to an especiall friend of his that a gallant gentleman who named himselfe Le Cheualier de la Cro●x The Knight of the Crosse with other Gentlemen his companions were in great reputation with the said Sophie of Persia by reason of diuers exceeding and singular proofes made of their valour and knightly seruices which they performed against the Turk in the Sophies behalf Agreeing with the report of himself in Venice before his apprehension in the letter of the said Dom 〈◊〉 de Castro where he first named himself the Knight of the Cro●● which falling out ● be so there is no question to be made but though he had himse● there as in all other places this Knight of the Crosse wil● plainly approue himself as alreadie it is for certaintie receiued 〈…〉 king of Portugall Dom Sebastian and the 〈…〉 ●uered when he discou● 〈…〉 that the 〈…〉 FINIS