bellum_fw-la tartaricum_n or_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o renown_a empire_n of_o china_n by_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o in_o these_o last_o seven_o year_n have_v whole_o subdue_v that_o vast_a empire_n together_o with_o a_o map_n of_o the_o province_n and_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o country_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o story_n write_a original_o in_o latin_a by_o martin_n martinius_n present_a in_o the_o country_n at_o most_o of_o the_o passage_n herein_o relate_v and_o now_o faithful_o translate_v into_o english_a london_n print_v for_o john_n crook_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1654._o the_o lively_a effigy_n of_o theinmingus_n the_o present_a emperor_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n who_o have_v late_o overrun_v and_o possess_v himself_o almost_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n to_o the_o reader_n wwhereas_n in_o the_o course_n of_o this_o ensue_a history_n there_o occur_v frequent_a mention_n of_o the_o chief_a province_n and_o city_n in_o china_n which_o have_v either_o be_v assault_v and_o defend_v subdue_v or_o destroy_v by_o the_o several_a army_n aswell_o from_o north_n to_o south_n as_o from_o east_n to_o west_n lest_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n of_o this_o history_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n diminish_v by_o the_o frequent_a reencounter_n of_o harsh_a and_o barbarous_a name_n of_o country_n and_o town_n unknown_a to_o the_o european_a reader_n whilst_o his_o attention_n follow_v the_o victorious_a army_n i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o prefix_v a_o little_a geographical_a table_n of_o the_o country_n and_o chief_a city_n which_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o guide_n to_o conduct_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o understanding_n in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o mention_a victory_n i_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o so_o exact_a as_o the_o rigour_n of_o geography_n exact_v but_o yet_o it_o be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o learned_a philosopher_n and_o may_v well_o give_v we_o a_o sufficient_a notion_n of_o all_o the_o place_n mention_v as_o for_o more_o exquisite_a and_o rare_a map_n both_o universal_a and_o particular_a as_o well_o of_o the_o country_n as_o of_o the_o city_n and_o of_o all_o the_o rarity_n they_o contain_v together_o with_o the_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o their_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n and_o of_o all_o that_o do_v belong_v either_o to_o astronomy_n or_o geography_n relation_n to_o they_o with_o what_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o natural_a or_o humane_a history_n i_o reserve_v all_o these_o rarity_n and_o curiosity_n to_o my_o atlas_n of_o china_n which_o i_o be_o compose_v take_v from_o their_o own_o ancient_a record_n ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o noah_n all_o which_o i_o have_v with_o incredible_a pain_n and_o industry_n both_o gather_v up_o together_o and_o transport_v with_o i_o to_o europe_n i_o will_v not_o therefore_o for_o the_o present_a deflower_v that_o worth_n of_o its_o great_a beauty_n by_o a_o unseasonable_a exposition_n of_o it_o to_o the_o reader_n view_v but_o expect_v till_o it_o grow_v to_o that_o perfection_n as_o i_o hope_v will_v ravish_v the_o unsatiable_a appetits_fw-fr of_o this_o our_o curious_a age._n situs_n provinciarum_fw-la imperii_fw-la sinici_fw-la m.dc.liv_o occidens_fw-la septentrio_fw-la oriens_fw-la auster_n tanyv_n tartarorum_n regnum_fw-la niulhan_n yupi_fw-la niuche_n tartary_n orientalis_n crocous_n fluv_n xensi_fw-la sigan_n hanchung_a xansi_fw-la taitung_n taiyven_v pucheu_fw-la kiangcheu_fw-la peking_n peking_n xantung_a tâ—ncu_n cinan_n leaotung_a xuâ—â—ing_v quangâ—ing_n tuocun_fw-fr legoyang_n caiyven_v xanghai_n taoyvan_n corea_n kingki_n giapon_n honan_n caifung_a suchven_n chingtu_fw-la mahu_n lacus_fw-la huqvang_v kiang_n fluv_fw-la filius_fw-la mar_n tungt_v lacus_fw-la vnchang_n nank_v yangchai_n hoigan_n nank_v poyang_n lacus_fw-la chekiang_n taâ—_n lacus_fw-la sungtiang_n hangcheâ—_n cientang_n flu_fw-fr kiangsi_fw-la nanchang_n kiucheu_fw-la canchou_fw-fr fokien_fw-fr kinâ—oa_n veâ—cheu_o kienning_n fochen_n cheuxan_n junnan_n junnan_n qveichev_n queicheu_fw-la qvangsi_fw-la queilin_n qvangtung_a nankiung_a chaok_v quangcheu_o hainun_n macao_n bellum_fw-la tartaricum_n or_o the_o history_n of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o tartar_n in_o china_n etc._n etc._n the_o most_o ancient_a nation_n of_o tartar_n in_o asia_n which_o be_v the_o parent_n of_o many_o nation_n have_v be_v a_o enemy_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n china_n the_o tartar_n be_v ancient_a enemy_n to_o china_n above_o four_o thousand_o year_n during_o which_o time_n as_o they_o have_v many_o sharp_a war_n with_o those_o of_o china_n in_o which_o they_o be_v sometime_o conquer_v so_o also_o more_o often_o they_o remain_v conqueror_n of_o the_o province_n of_o that_o nation_n i_o call_v that_o nation_n tartar_n tartâ—â—s_n who_o be_v the_o tartâ—â—s_n which_o inhabit_v the_o northern_a part_n behind_o that_o famous_a wall_n which_o stretch_v out_o above_o 300._o german_n league_n from_o east_n to_o west_n have_v ever_o serve_v for_o a_o rampart_n to_o hinder_v their_o eruption_n into_o the_o say_a empire_n this_o country_n the_o chineses_n have_v a_o defect_n of_o the_o letter_n r._n ancient_o call_v tata_n comprehend_v under_o this_o name_n as_o well_o the_o oriental_a tartar_n hitherto_o unknown_a to_o we_o in_o europe_n as_o the_o occidental_a contain_v the_o province_n sumahania_n tanyu_n niuche_n niulhan_n and_o the_o like_a from_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n and_o kingdom_n of_o cascor_n to_o the_o oriental_a sea_n above_o japony_n where_o they_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n from_o oviora_fw-la in_o america_n if_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o straight_a and_o not_o a_o continent_n but_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n to_o write_v all_o the_o war_n which_o have_v pass_v betwixt_o they_o but_o only_o of_o such_o as_o have_v happen_v in_o our_o memory_n and_o in_o my_o presence_n all_o the_o rest_n shall_v appear_v at_o large_a in_o my_o abridgement_n of_o the_o history_n of_o china_n and_o that_o we_o may_v proceed_v with_o more_o order_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o reflect_v how_o and_o from_o whence_o those_o trouble_n have_v their_o begin_n it_o be_v therefore_o first_o to_o be_v know_v heretofore_o the_o tartar_n conquer_v china_n heretofore_o that_o the_o ancient_a western_a tartar_n of_o who_o paulus_n venetus_n and_o ayton_n make_v mention_n under_o the_o name_n of_o cataye_n and_o maningin_n wage_v war_n against_o china_n after_o they_o have_v subdue_v almost_o all_o asia_n to_o their_o power_n and_o this_o before_o the_o time_n of_o great_a tamburlaine_n china_n tamburlaine_n never_o take_v china_n who_o never_o reign_v in_o china_n as_o some_o have_v false_o write_v for_o he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n mccccvi_n in_o which_o time_n taichangus_n emperor_n of_o china_n and_o the_o second_o of_o the_o taimingian_n family_n the_o tartar_n be_v before_o beat_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n govern_v peaceable_o all_o the_o province_n include_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o vast_a wall_n which_o before_o i_o mention_v but_o the_o war_n which_o paulus_n venetus_n touch_v betwixt_o the_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n mccvi_o as_o their_o history_n and_o chronology_n testify_v which_o last_v 77._o year_n at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n mcclxxviii_o have_v total_o conquer_v all_o that_o potent_a empire_n they_o extinguish_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o sungas_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a regal_a family_n which_o they_o call_v juena_n of_o which_o tartarian_a race_n nine_o emperor_n by_o descent_n china_n the_o tartar_n emperor_n of_o china_n govern_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n for_o the_o space_n of_o lxxâ—_n year_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n come_v paulus_n venetus_n into_o china_n with_o the_o tartar_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o write_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o time_n the_o tartar_n forget_v their_o ancient_a vigour_n of_o mind_n and_o warlike_a spirit_n which_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delices_fw-la of_o that_o country_n have_v quail_v and_o tame_v be_v also_o weaken_v by_o so_o long_a a_o peace_n become_v of_o a_o sweet_a temper_n and_o receive_v a_o deep_a tincture_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o native_n of_o china_n whereupon_o a_o contemptible_a person_n who_o be_v servant_n to_o one_o of_o those_o depute_a to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o their_o idol_n call_v hugh_n presume_v to_o rebel_v against_o they_o this_o man_n commiserate_v the_o condition_n of_o his_o enslave_v country_n and_o also_o touch_v with_o the_o ambition_n of_o reign_v first_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o thief_n or_o highway_n man_n and_o be_v of_o a_o generous_a nature_n bold_a and_o as_o quick_a at_o hand_n as_o in_o wit_n want_v neither_o courage_n nor_o art_n nor_o companion_n nor_o fortune_n to_o gather_v such_o a_o multitude_n as_o in_o short_a time_n make_v up_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o a_o army_n
and_o the_o dispute_n be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o tartar_n to_o take_v to_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o nankue_v some_o of_o the_o prefect_n wink_v at_o it_o if_o not_o entice_v they_o underhand_o to_o this_o exploit_n the_o tartar_n vigilant_a to_o lay_v hold_n of_o all_o advantage_n hear_v of_o these_o emulation_n and_o division_n present_o march_v out_o into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o city_n of_o hoaigan_n and_o come_v to_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o river_n croceus_fw-la they_o pass_v over_o speedy_o by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o boat_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o this_o river_n stand_v the_o army_n of_o china_n which_o be_v so_o numerous_a as_o if_o they_o have_v but_o cast_v off_o their_o very_a shoe_n they_o have_v erect_v such_o a_o rampart_n against_o the_o tartar_n as_o all_o the_o horse_n will_v hardly_o have_v surmount_v it_o but_o it_o be_v the_o resolution_n and_o valour_n in_o war_n carry_v the_o trophy_n not_o the_o number_n of_o man_n for_o hardly_o have_v the_o tartar_n set_v foot_n in_o their_o boat_n but_o the_o chineses_n run_v all_o away_o as_o sheep_n use_v to_o do_v when_o they_o see_v the_o wolf_n cheneses_n the_o flight_n of_o the_o cheneses_n leave_v the_o whole_a shore_n unfenced_a to_o their_o land_n the_o tartar_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n find_v no_o enemy_n to_o resist_v enter_v the_o most_o noble_a city_n of_o nankue_v and_o in_o a_o trice_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o great_a river_n of_o kiang_n which_o be_v so_o vast_a as_o it_o be_v worthy_o call_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o deserve_v particular_o to_o be_v note_v as_o a_o rare_a thing_n in_o the_o warfare_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o before_o they_o enter_v into_o any_o country_n they_o choose_v and_o name_v both_o the_o governor_n and_o company_n with_o all_o the_o officer_n necessary_a for_o all_o the_o city_n and_o place_n which_o they_o aim_n to_o take_v so_o as_o in_o a_o moment_n they_o run_v like_o a_o lightning_n and_o no_o soon_o they_o possess_v it_o but_o it_o be_v fortify_v arm_v and_o defend_v there_o be_v one_o city_n in_o these_o quarter_n which_o make_v a_o generous_a resistance_n to_o all_o their_o reiterate_v assault_n call_v yangcheu_fw-la burn_v the_o city_n yangcheu_o resist_v the_o tartar_n be_v take_v and_o burn_v where_o the_o tartar_n lose_v the_o son_n of_o a_o little_a royalet_n this_o city_n be_v defend_v by_o that_o faithful_a imperial_a champion_n call_v zwis_n colaus_n but_o though_o he_o have_v a_o mighty_a garrison_n yet_o he_o be_v at_o length_n force_v to_o yield_v and_o the_o whole_a city_n be_v sack_v and_o both_o citizen_n and_o soldier_n put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o lest_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o dead_a carcase_n shall_v corrupt_v the_o air_n and_o engender_v the_o plague_n they_o lay_v they_o all_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o set_v fire_n both_o to_o the_o city_n and_o suburb_n bring_v all_o to_o ash_n and_o to_o a_o total_a desolation_n by_o this_o progress_n the_o force_n of_o the_o tartar_n much_o entrease_v place_n the_o tartar_n take_v several_a place_n for_o the_o governor_n of_o many_o place_n and_o several_a regiment_n come_v to_o submit_v to_o his_o dominion_n to_o all_o which_o he_o common_o continue_v the_o same_o command_n and_o office_n they_o be_v establish_v in_o before_o and_o advance_v many_o of_o they_o to_o high_a dignity_n and_o so_o by_o this_o humanity_n with_o which_o he_o treat_v all_o that_o come_v fly_v to_o he_o and_o by_o the_o cruelty_n he_o use_v to_o those_o that_o resolve_v to_o make_v resistance_n to_o the_o force_n of_o his_o arm_n he_o gain_v this_o that_o most_o man_n resolve_v to_o partake_v of_o his_o sweet_a treaty_n rather_o than_o of_o his_o cruelty_n so_o he_o easy_o conquer_v all_o that_o which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o that_o river_n which_o i_o name_v before_o the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n this_o river_n be_v a_o german_a league_n in_o breadth_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o west_n of_o china_n hold_v its_o course_n to_o the_o east_n and_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n into_o northern_a and_o southern_a quarter_n it_o also_o divide_v the_o country_n of_o nankue_v in_o the_o very_a middle_n though_o nankue_v the_o metropolitan_a and_o royal_a city_n be_v place_v in_o the_o southern_a part_n to_o master_v this_o great_a city_n they_o be_v to_o pass_v this_o river_n they_o gather_v therefore_o together_o many_o ship_n to_o conquer_v this_o new_a imperial_a seat_n and_o also_o the_o new_a settle_a emperor_n the_o fleet_n of_o china_n command_v by_o the_o most_o generous_a and_o faithful_a admiral_n call_v hoangchoangus_fw-la lay_v towards_o the_o other_o side_n of_o this_o river_n here_o the_o admiral_n fight_v so_o gallant_o and_o resolute_o that_o he_o skowr_v all_o china_n and_o make_v it_o appear_v to_o the_o world_n that_o the_o tartar_n be_v not_o invincible_a till_o at_o length_n one_o of_o his_o own_o commander_n call_v thienus_n bear_v in_o the_o city_n of_o leaotung_n be_v corrupt_v by_o the_o tartar_n shoot_v he_o with_o a_o arrow_n to_o death_n which_o arrow_n fix_v the_o unconstant_a wheel_n of_o chinas_n fortune_n and_o lose_v the_o whole_a empire_n but_o the_o traitor_n not_o content_v with_o this_o perfidious_a act_n begin_v himself_o to_o run_v away_o and_o by_o his_o example_n draw_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o imitate_v this_o ignominious_a action_n his_o impudence_n pass_v yet_o to_o a_o high_a strain_n for_o come_v to_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o find_v the_o emperor_n prepare_v to_o retire_v he_o join_v himself_o with_o he_o as_o a_o faithful_a friend_n participate_v of_o his_o adversity_n till_o he_o hear_v the_o tartar_n who_o pass_v the_o river_n follow_v the_o king_n flight_n with_o all_o imaginable_a diligence_n be_v come_v near_o he_o kill_v the_o emperor_n hunquangus_fw-la be_v take_v and_o kill_v and_o then_o he_o take_v the_o emperor_n prisoner_n and_o deliver_v he_o to_o the_o tartarian_a army_n in_o the_o year_n mdcxliv_o this_o unfortunate_a prince_n be_v thus_o betray_v before_o he_o have_v reign_v full_a one_o year_n be_v send_v to_o peuk_v and_o there_o upon_o the_o town_n wall_n be_v hang_v public_o in_o a_o bow_n string_n which_o kind_n of_o death_n the_o tartar_n esteem_v most_o noble_a the_o pretend_a son_n to_o the_o emperor_n zunchinius_n whether_o he_o be_v true_a or_o false_a run_v the_o same_o course_n of_o fortune_n when_o they_o have_v discover_v he_o still_o alive_a prison_n for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o put_v to_o death_n all_o those_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o taiminge_n by_o consanguinity_n but_o after_o a_o diligent_a search_n extirpate_v all_o they_o can_v find_v which_o belong_v to_o they_o even_o by_o affinity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o asia_n if_o any_o one_o conquer_v a_o kingdom_n to_o root_v out_o all_o belong_v to_o the_o royal_a family_n after_o this_o they_o divide_v their_o army_n into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o they_o send_v to_o conquer_v the_o mediterranean_a province_n of_o kiansi_fw-la huquang_n and_o quangtung_n which_o be_v all_o of_o a_o marvellous_a extent_n the_o other_o like_o a_o swift_a torrent_n overrun_v all_o hangcheu_fw-la the_o tartar_n run_v to_o the_o city_n hangcheu_fw-la till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o renown_a and_o vast_a city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la which_o be_v the_o head_n city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n into_o this_o city_n the_o principal_a fugitive_n of_o the_o army_n of_o china_n be_v retire_v and_o those_o not_o only_o of_o the_o common_a soldier_n but_o many_o great_a commander_n and_o prefect_n where_o they_o resolve_v to_o choose_v a_o new_a emperor_n call_v lovangus_n of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o taimingus_n but_o this_o prince_n will_v never_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n but_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n think_v his_o fall_n will_v be_v less_o and_o his_o death_n not_o so_o bitter_a as_o if_o he_o fall_v from_o the_o throne_n of_o a_o emperor_n but_o yet_o to_o the_o end_n to_o animate_v they_o to_o fight_v with_o more_o vigour_n than_o they_o have_v do_v heretofore_o he_o promise_v they_o to_o take_v that_o title_n when_o they_o have_v regain_v one_o imperial_a city_n he_o have_v not_o reign_v three_o day_n a_o short_a space_n than_o their_o personate_a king_n use_v many_o time_n to_o reign_v in_o their_o tragedy_n but_o the_o tartar_n arrive_v which_o the_o fugitive_a soldier_n see_v and_o think_v by_o this_o pinch_n of_o necessity_n to_o force_v their_o pay_n from_o the_o king_n and_o city_n refuse_v to_o fight_v before_o they_o have_v receive_v their_o salary_n it_o be_v on_o this_o occasion_n that_o
king_n lovangus_n his_o heart_n not_o able_a to_o bear_v such_o a_o desolation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o his_o people_n and_o subject_n as_o he_o foresee_v subject_n king_n love_v as_o love_v to_o his_o subject_n give_v such_o a_o example_n of_o his_o humanity_n and_o piety_n as_o europe_n never_o see_v for_o he_o mount_v upon_o the_o city_n wall_n and_o call_v upon_o his_o knee_n to_o the_o tartarian_a captain_n he_o beg_v the_o life_n of_o his_o subject_n spare_v not_o i_o quoth_v he_o i_o will_v willing_o be_v my_o subject_n victim_n and_o have_v denounce_v this_o unto_o they_o he_o present_o go_v out_o to_o the_o tartar_n army_n where_o he_o be_v take_v this_o illustrious_a testimony_n of_o his_o love_n to_o his_o subject_n have_v not_o want_v a_o reward_n to_o crown_n so_o heroic_a a_o action_n if_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o generous_a soul_n like_o that_o of_o alexander_n or_o of_o caesar_n when_o they_o have_v the_o king_n prisoner_n they_o command_v the_o citizen_n to_o shut_v the_o gate_n and_o keep_v the_o wall_n lest_o either_o their_o own_o or_o the_o king_n soldier_n shall_v enter_v the_o city_n and_o present_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o king_n man_n who_o they_o butcher_v in_o a_o most_o cruel_a man_n but_o yet_o the_o water_n destroy_v more_o than_o there_o sword_n or_o arrow_n for_o many_o cast_v themselves_o headlong_o into_o the_o great_a river_n of_o cianthang_n which_o be_v a_o liege_n brood_n and_o run_v near_o the_o city_n other_o leap_v and_o overcharge_v the_o boat_n in_o the_o river_n be_v present_o sink_v drown_v many_o of_o the_o king_n soldier_n drown_v oother_n fly_v away_o full_a of_o fear_n and_o confusion_n thrust_v one_o another_o at_o the_o river_n side_n into_o that_o unmerciful_a element_n and_o by_o all_o these_o many_o thousand_o perish_v the_o tartar_n want_v boat_n to_o pass_v this_o river_n have_v thus_o expel_v or_o kill_v the_o soldiery_n they_o return_v triumphant_a to_o the_o city_n take_v hangcheu_o be_v take_v where_o they_o use_v neither_o force_n nor_o violence_n by_o which_o mean_v this_o noble_a city_n be_v conserve_v who_o beauty_n greatness_n and_o riches_n i_o hope_v to_o describe_v elsewhere_o not_o by_o hear-say_n but_o by_o what_o i_o see_v the_o three_o year_n space_n i_o live_v in_o it_o and_o what_o i_o find_v when_o late_o i_o come_v from_o it_o into_o europe_n this_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la have_v a_o artificial_a channel_n or_o dick_n to_o pass_v by_o water_n to_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o china_n this_o channel_n be_v only_o separate_v by_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o way_n like_o a_o cause_n way_n from_o the_o river_n which_o as_o i_o say_v run_v on_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o city_n the_o tartar_n therefore_o draw_v many_o boat_n out_o of_o this_o channel_n over_o the_o causeway_n into_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o these_o boat_n they_o pass_v the_o river_n without_o resistance_n and_o find_v the_o fair_a city_n in_o all_o china_n call_v xaok_v prone_a enough_o to_o submit_v to_o their_o victorious_a arms._n this_o city_n in_o bigness_n yield_v to_o many_o other_o but_o in_o cleanness_n and_o comeliness_n it_o surpass_v all_o it_o be_v so_o environ_v with_o sweet_a water_n as_o a_o man_n may_v contemplate_v its_o beauty_n by_o round_v it_o in_o a_o boat_n it_o have_v large_a and_o fair_a street_n pave_v on_o both_o side_n with_o white_a square_a stone_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o they_o all_o run_v a_o navigable_a channel_n who_o side_n be_v garnish_v with_o the_o like_a ornament_n and_o of_o the_o same_o stone_n there_o be_v also_o build_v many_o fair_a bridge_n and_o triumphant_a arch_n the_o house_n also_o which_o i_o observe_v not_o where_o else_o in_o china_n be_v build_v of_o the_o same_o square_a stone_n so_o as_o in_o a_o word_n i_o see_v nothing_o neat_a in_o all_o china_n they_o take_v this_o town_n without_o any_o resistance_n and_o so_o they_o may_v have_v do_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o southern_a town_n of_o this_o province_n of_o chekiang_n but_o when_o they_o command_v all_o by_o proclamation_n to_o cut_v off_o their_o hair_n than_o both_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n take_v up_o arm_n and_o fight_v more_o desperate_o for_o their_o hair_n of_o their_o head_n hair_n the_o chineses_n defend_v their_o hair_n than_o they_o do_v for_o king_n or_o kingdom_n and_o beat_v the_o tartar_n not_o only_o out_o of_o their_o city_n but_o repulse_v they_o to_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi nay_o force_v they_o to_o pass_v the_o river_n kill_v very_o many_o of_o they_o in_o truth_n have_v they_o pass_v the_o river_n they_o may_v have_v recover_v the_o metropolis_n with_o the_o other_o town_n but_o they_o pursue_v their_o victory_n no_o further_o be_v sufficient_o content_v that_o they_o have_v preserve_v their_o hair_n resist_v they_o only_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o there_o fortify_v themselves_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o conquer_a arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v repress_v for_o a_o whole_a year_n but_o the_o chinois_n that_o they_o may_v have_v a_o head_n choose_v lu._n regulus_n of_o the_o taimingian_n family_n for_o their_o emperor_n who_o will_v not_o accept_v thereof_o but_o will_v be_v only_o style_v the_o restorer_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o tartar_n have_v send_v for_o new_a force_n out_o of_o peking_n with_o which_o they_o leave_v never_o a_o stone_n unturned_a that_o they_o may_v get_v over_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a the_o droop_a affair_n therefore_o of_o the_o chinois_n have_v a_o breathe_n nay_o have_v gather_v together_o more_o force_n they_o promise_v hemselve_n great_a victory_n but_o a_o desire_n and_o emulation_n of_o rule_v frustrate_v all_o their_o hope_n for_o the_o commander_n and_o precedent_n which_o flee_v the_o province_n of_o chekian_n into_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n carry_v with_o they_o one_o of_o taimingas_n family_n call_v thangus_fw-la and_o this_o man_n they_o choose_v king_n in_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n which_o confine_n with_o chekiang_n this_o prince_n pretend_v that_o the_o k._n call_v lu._n shall_v yield_v up_o his_o right_n to_o he_o both_o because_o he_o have_v but_o a_o few_o city_n under_o he_o and_o also_o because_o he_o be_v further_o remove_v from_o the_o imperial_a race_n than_o he_o be_v but_o king_n lu._n pretend_v he_o be_v proclaim_v by_o the_o army_n before_o he_o and_o want_v not_o to_o set_v forth_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o tartar_n by_o which_o two_o contention_n the_o tartar_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o these_o two_o royalet_n will_v never_o yield_v to_o one_o another_o nor_o so_o unite_v their_o army_n as_o joint_o to_o repress_v the_o tartar_n since_o therefore_o this_o petty_a king_n lu._n have_v only_o eight_o city_n under_o his_o command_n who_o contribution_n be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o necessary_a pay_n of_o his_o army_n he_o never_o dare_v venture_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n but_o endeavour_v only_o to_o defend_v himself_o but_o the_o tartar_n seek_v all_o mean_n possible_o to_o get_v over_o this_o river_n yet_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v to_o pass_v in_o boat_n because_o king_n lu._n have_v many_o ship_n and_o good_a store_n of_o artillery_n which_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o come_v from_o sea_n but_o the_o tartar_n felicity_n and_o prosperous_a fortune_n overcome_v this_o difficulty_n for_o as_o it_o happen_v that_o year_n be_v dry_a than_o ordinary_a this_o river_n towards_o the_o south_n where_o it_o run_v betwixt_o high_a mountain_n which_o break_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n have_v lose_v much_o water_n and_o of_o depth_n and_o here_o the_o tartar_n horse_n find_v it_o passable_a and_o because_o the_o rudeness_n of_o those_o mountain_n xaok_v the_o tartar_n pass_v the_o river_n and_o recover_v the_o city_n xaok_v seem_v a_o sufficient_a guard_n to_o the_o country_n they_o find_v no_o soldier_n to_o resist_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o clown_n espy_v twenty_o of_o their_o horse_n to_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n they_o present_o advertise_v the_o army_n and_o they_o all_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n king_n lu._n himself_o leave_v the_o city_n xaok_v and_o not_o dare_v to_o trust_v himself_o to_o the_o continent_n he_o take_v ship_n and_o sail_v to_o the_o island_n call_v cheuxan_n which_o lie_v opposite_a to_o the_o city_n of_o nimpus_fw-la where_o he_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n safe_a and_o keep_v still_o his_o regal_a dignity_n which_o island_n be_v heretofore_o only_o a_o retreit_n for_o fisherman_n and_o some_o clown_n now_o be_v become_v a_o potent_a kingdom_n by_o reason_n that_o many_o fly_n from_o china_n to_o this_o king_n lu._n as_o to_o there_o sanctuary_n to_o conserve_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o hair_n kingdom_n the_o island_n
soldier_n be_v either_o of_o his_o affinity_n or_o whole_o at_o his_o command_n and_o obedience_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o he_o find_v a_o easy_a admittance_n into_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n of_o which_o they_o present_o make_v he_o king_n pingnan_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v pacifier_n of_o the_o south_n and_o they_o add_v many_o other_o dignity_n and_o office_n of_o trust_n that_o they_o may_v more_o specious_o illude_v he_o for_o either_o they_o know_v his_o aspire_a mind_n art_n the_o tartar_n deceive_v the_o pirate_n and_o take_v he_o prisoner_n by_o mere_a art_n or_o else_o his_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n be_v suspicious_a and_o formidable_a to_o they_o but_o yet_o all_o the_o while_n the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n remain_v in_o fokien_n they_o never_o express_v the_o least_o diffidence_n in_o he_o but_o both_o with_o favour_n courtesy_n present_n and_o honour_n they_o study_v how_o further_o to_o engage_v he_o and_o promise_v the_o government_n of_o many_o more_o province_n he_o make_v himself_o therefore_o secure_a of_o the_o government_n of_o all_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o all_o happen_v quite_o contrary_a to_o his_o expectation_n for_o when_o this_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v observe_v as_o a_o little_a king_n be_v to_o depart_v to_o peking_n the_o custom_n be_v for_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o conduct_v he_o for_o some_o part_n of_o his_o journey_n to_o give_v he_o a_o honourable_a farewell_n which_o last_o duty_n of_o civility_n iquon_n can_v not_o handsome_o avoid_v nor_o indeed_o have_v he_o any_o reason_n to_o be_v diffident_a of_o any_o distrust_n in_o he_o so_o as_o he_o leave_v his_o navy_n in_o the_o port_n of_o focheu_fw-la and_o accompany_v the_o royolet_n with_o great_a splendour_n and_o magnificence_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o take_v leave_n and_o demand_v licence_n to_o return_v the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n invite_v he_o a_o long_a to_o peking_n where_o he_o promise_v he_o yet_o great_a honour_n from_o the_o king_n own_o person_n to_o reward_v his_o merit_n he_o endeavour_v by_o all_o imaginable_a occasion_n to_o excuse_v this_o journey_n but_o nothing_o be_v accept_v he_o be_v force_v by_o their_o kindness_n to_o accompany_v they_o to_o peking_n and_o so_o he_o be_v take_v by_o art_n who_o by_o arm_n seem_v insuperable_a he_o yet_o live_v in_o prison_n in_o peking_n because_o his_o brother_n and_o kindred_n hear_v of_o his_o captivity_n present_o cease_v on_o the_o fleet_n with_o which_o they_o have_v much_o infest_a china_n as_o we_o shall_v touch_v hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o other_o army_n which_o have_v pass_v the_o mediterranean_a province_n of_o huquang_n quangsi_n the_o tartar_n overthrow_v quangsi_n kiansi_fw-la and_o quamgtung_n invade_v the_o country_n of_o quangsi_n but_o here_o it_o be_v that_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n which_o hitherto_o be_v hold_v invincible_a be_v show_v to_o be_v weak_a and_o where_o they_o least_o expect_a opposition_n there_o they_o find_v the_o great_a destruction_n it_o happen_v that_o in_o this_o province_n of_o quangsi_n the_o viceroy_n call_v khiu_n thomas_n be_v a_o christian_a and_o the_o chief_a commander_n also_o of_o all_o the_o militia_n of_o that_o country_n be_v command_v by_o ching_n lucas_n who_o family_n for_o five_o genetation_n have_v serve_v the_o emperor_n of_o china_n with_o as_o much_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n as_o they_o do_v christ_n these_o two_o have_v gather_v many_o together_o which_o flee_v from_o all_o part_n into_o quangsi_n after_o the_o tartar_n have_v take_v many_o place_n in_o the_o country_n overthrow_v the_o tartarian_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n and_o pass_v into_o the_o confine_a province_n of_o quamgtung_n they_o recover_v all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o it_o after_o this_o that_o they_o may_v have_v a_o head_n to_o fight_v for_o and_o who_o may_v command_v and_o govern_v they_o in_o all_o occurrence_n and_o withal_o to_o draw_v the_o mind_n and_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n to_o the_o common_a defence_n of_o the_o country_n know_v that_o in_o the_o city_n of_o queilin_n china_n jungley_n make_v emperor_n of_o china_n which_o be_v the_o head_n city_n of_o quangsi_n there_o be_v one_o of_o the_o taiminge_n family_n live_v who_o be_v nephew_n to_o the_o great_a vanleius_fw-la they_o elect_v he_o emperor_n and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o jungley_n this_o prince_n fix_v his_o imperial_a seat_n in_o the_o noble_a city_n of_o chatk_v in_o the_o province_n of_o quamgtung_n and_o hitherto_o have_v fight_v several_a time_n with_o the_o tartar_n with_o good_a success_n and_o in_o this_o prince_n court_n the_o chief_a eunuch_n call_v pang_n achilleus_n be_v the_o great_a favourite_n and_o a_o great_a servant_n of_o christ_n who_o he_o have_v long_o profess_v to_o serve_v both_o by_o word_n and_o deed_n for_o to_o propagate_v christianity_n he_o have_v ever_o mantain_v a_o mission_n of_o jesuit_n about_o he_o by_o who_o painful_a endeavour_n many_o have_v embrace_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o among_o other_o the_o very_a mother_n of_o this_o emperor_n his_o wife_n christian_n the_o heir_n to_o the_o empire_n become_v christian_n and_o his_o elder_a son_n heir_n of_o the_o empire_n call_v constantin_n do_v all_o embrace_n christianity_n may_v this_o man_n by_o the_o prayer_n of_o all_o christian_n prove_v another_o constantine_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n the_o emperor_n himself_o be_v not_o averse_a from_o christiany_n but_o hitherto_o he_o have_v defer_v his_o baptism_n but_o yet_o he_o permit_v his_o wife_n to_o send_v a_o father_n of_o the_o society_n to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o sea_n apostolic_a as_o all_o europe_n have_v hear_v god_n of_o his_o goodness_n grant_v he_o that_o felicity_n which_o may_v redound_v to_o the_o universal_a good_a of_o china_n and_o god_n great_a glory_n but_o it_o be_v not_o only_o in_o quangsi_n that_o the_o chineses_n begin_v to_o resume_v their_o courage_n fokien_n thief_n infest_v the_o province_n of_o fokien_n but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n also_o for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o tartarian_a army_n call_v back_o to_o peking_n but_o a_o petty_a heathen_a priest_n break_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o fokien_n with_o a_o band_n of_o seditious_a fellow_n and_o subdue_a the_o tartarian_a garrison_n he_o take_v the_o fair_a city_n of_o kienning_n and_o many_o other_o from_o their_o subjection_n and_o other_o which_o lie_v lurk_v in_o the_o mountain_n follow_v his_o example_n recover_v also_o many_o other_o city_n about_o which_o time_n also_o the_o friend_n and_o kindred_n of_o the_o captive_a iquon_n do_v extreme_o infest_v the_o sea_n and_o make_v descent_n upon_o the_o land_n vex_v the_o province_n extreme_o about_o the_o quarter_n of_o sivencheu_o and_o changcheu_fw-la at_o this_o time_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n be_v viceroy_n of_o two_o province_n who_o hear_v of_o these_o commotion_n come_v present_o by_o night_n in_o great_a haste_n with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v make_v towards_o the_o mountain_n of_o fokien_n for_o he_o with_o reason_n fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o those_o place_n which_o if_o they_o have_v do_v the_o whole_a province_n have_v be_v regain_v but_o when_o this_o viceroy_n call_v changus_n find_v the_o mountain_n and_o passage_n clear_a and_o no_o opposition_n make_v in_o such_o difficult_a place_n he_o then_o proclaim_v himself_o victorious_a and_o his_o enemy_n perfidious_a rebel_n vain_a changus_n the_o commander_n of_o the_o tartar_n besiege_n kien_v in_o vain_a wherefore_o come_v without_o resistance_n into_o the_o country_n he_o besiege_v the_o city_n kienning_n which_o be_v defend_v by_o vangus_n this_o siege_n hold_v some_o week_n but_o he_o never_o can_v take_v the_o place_n by_o force_n and_o therefore_o have_v lose_v many_o of_o his_o man_n by_o assault_n he_o judge_v it_o best_o rather_o to_o block_n up_o the_o place_n a_o far_o of_o than_o to_o besiege_v it_o so_o close_a and_o near_o but_o yet_o by_o this_o he_o hinder_v other_o force_n from_o join_v with_o vangus_n so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o sally_v out_o upon_o they_o when_o the_o noise_n of_o these_o commotion_n come_v to_o peking_n raâ—â—d_v it_o be_v at_o length_n take_v and_o raâ—â—d_v the_o emperor_n present_o send_v a_o new_a supply_n to_o appease_v these_o tumult_n and_o this_o fresh_a army_n come_v to_o join_v with_o the_o other_o bring_v the_o city_n to_o great_a strait_n but_o yet_o they_o can_v not_o win_v it_o till_o at_o length_n they_o find_v mean_n by_o a_o rare_a invention_n to_o transport_v their_o canon_n over_o the_o mountain_n upon_o porter_n shoulder_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o dismantle_v the_o town_n and_o put_v all_o whatsoever_o to_o the_o sword_n to_o the_o number_n
corpse_n as_o many_o servant_n woman_n and_o horse_n with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n as_o may_v fit_v to_o attend_v and_o serve_v they_o in_o the_o next_o life_n though_o now_o since_o they_o conquer_v china_n they_o have_v leave_v off_o this_o barbarous_a custom_n be_v reprehend_v and_o correct_v for_o it_o by_o the_o chinese_n themselves_o after_o this_o superstitious_a vow_n advance_v his_o revenge_a arm_n he_o besiege_v leaotung_v take_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o leaoyang_n besiege_v and_o take_v which_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaoyang_n with_o 50000_o man_n but_o the_o city_n be_v defend_v by_o exceed_v many_o man_n who_o general_o be_v all_o arm_a with_o musket_n the_o tartar_n have_v nothing_o but_o their_o scimitar_n with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n which_o they_o discharge_v with_o strange_a dexterity_n &_o art_n but_o because_o they_o chief_o fear_v the_o musket_n bullet_n they_o resolve_v by_o a_o stratagem_n to_o make_v that_o unknown_a instrument_n 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they_o either_o prevail_v in_o their_o design_n or_o retire_v and_o the_o little_a skill_n the_o chineses_n have_v in_o the_o use_n of_o musket_n be_v no_o small_a hindrance_n to_o the_o war._n for_o the_o tartar_n quickness_n and_o nimbleness_n not_o give_v they_o time_n to_o charge_v again_o be_v astonish_v with_o the_o sudden_a inundation_n of_o arm_a man_n they_o present_o flee_v which_o way_n soever_o they_o can_v but_o be_v pursue_v by_o the_o swift_a tartarian_a horse_n most_o of_o they_o perish_v in_o the_o take_n of_o this_o great_a city_n this_o city_n be_v take_v the_o tartar_n like_o a_o torrent_n overrun_v many_o other_o of_o less_o note_n take_v many_o other_o city_n take_v but_o among_o other_o he_o take_v that_o noble_a city_n evamgn_v and_o overrunning_a most_o speedy_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o leaotung_n he_o enter_v the_o province_n of_o pekin_n and_o come_v within_o seven_o league_n of_o the_o very_a imperial_a city_n he_o dare_v not_o advance_v fear_v the_o 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about_o with_o new_a fortify_v they_o with_o new_a munition_n and_o there_o proclaim_v himself_o emperor_n of_o china_n 1618._o the_o tartar_n call_v himself_o emperor_n of_o china_n an._n 1618._o for_o although_o as_o yet_o he_o have_v take_v nothing_o of_o china_n but_o only_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o eastern_a country_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n yet_o in_o his_o hope_n and_o aspire_a thought_n he_o have_v devour_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n wherefore_o he_o be_v call_v in_o the_o china_n language_n theienmingus_fw-la in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v in_o that_o of_o one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o and_o eighteen_o in_o this_o year_n some_o in_o authority_n about_o the_o emperor_n vanley_n demand_v the_o banishment_n of_o the_o priest_n who_o do_v then_o preach_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o that_o nation_n but_o the_o emperor_n who_o in_o his_o heart_n love_v christianity_n and_o those_o particular_o that_o first_o plant_v that_o religion_n among_o they_o give_v no_o ear_n for_o a_o long_a while_n to_o their_o demand_n but_o at_o length_n overcome_v by_o the_o importunity_n of_o a_o chief_a commander_n who_o have_v ever_o be_v a_o sore_a enemy_n to_o christian_a religion_n and_o be_v call_v xinchio_n it_o be_v ordain_v and_o proclaim_v that_o all_o those_o father_n that_o do_v propagate_v christian_a religion_n shall_v be_v banish_v the_o kingdom_n upon_o which_o some_o of_o they_o be_v secret_o conceal_v in_o several_a province_n by_o some_o christian_a governor_n christian_n god_n punish_v china_n for_o their_o persecution_n of_o christian_n other_o be_v take_v be_v carry_v in_o great_a cage_n to_o macao_n where_o be_v shut_v up_o day_n and_o night_n suffer_v extreme_o whilst_o other_o also_o be-being_a whip_v out_o of_o the_o country_n rejoice_v to_o suffer_v something_o for_o his_o sake_n who_o name_n they_o bear_v and_o that_o which_o add_v more_o affliction_n to_o all_o these_o misery_n be_v the_o emperor_n vanley_n prohibition_n to_o all_o his_o to_o profess_v christian_a religion_n but_o upon_o this_o occasion_n the_o christian_n of_o china_n who_o from_o the_o horrid_a wilderness_n of_o infidelity_n have_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o pleasant_a pasture_n of_o christianity_n give_v illustrious_a example_n of_o their_o faith_n &_o constancy_n but_o the_o long_a narration_n of_o this_o glorious_a persecution_n be_v reserve_v for_o another_o place_n i_o only_o touch_v it_o here_o to_o admire_v the_o divine_a providence_n of_o god_n who_o raise_v so_o sharp_a war_n against_o china_n when_o they_o neglect_v christian_a peace_n and_o permit_v at_o the_o same_o time_n these_o tartar_n to_o take_v so_o deep_a a_o root_n in_o this_o empire_n of_o china_n as_o afterward_o grow_v to_o that_o height_n as_o both_o to_o extirpate_v the_o royal_a family_n of_o the_o taiminge_n together_o with_o the_o kingdom_n at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n they_o go_v about_o utter_o to_o destroy_v all_o christianity_n but_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o as_o ordinary_o it_o do_v for_o by_o this_o very_a persecution_n christian_a religion_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n and_o greatness_n that_o the_o church_n glory_v to_o behold_v and_o unless_o god_n vouchsafe_v to_o lend_v a_o potent_a help_a hand_n the_o vast_a kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v utter_o overthrow_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o chineses_n be_v very_o solicitous_a to_o expel_v this_o enemy_n from_o the_o bowel_n of_o their_o country_n and_o first_o they_o select_v very_o chief_a and_o eminent_a man_n for_o commander_n and_o governor_n then_o they_o gather_v a_o army_n of_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o choice_n soldier_n the_o king_n of_o corea_n also_o send_v to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n twelve_o thousand_o with_o this_o potent_a army_n therefore_o they_o go_v out_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n mdcxix_o to_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o enemy_n the_o tartar_n resolve_v to_o meet_v they_o with_o a_o undaunted_a courage_n and_o for_o a_o good_a while_o the_o event_n and_o victory_n be_v very_o doubtful_a but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o army_n of_o china_n be_v whole_o rout_v and_o their_o chief_a commander_n with_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n be_v all_o slay_v the_o tartar_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n prosecute_v the_o victory_n with_o all_o quickness_n and_o diligence_n for_o the_o same_o day_n they_o take_v and_o sack_v two_o city_n which_o they_o burn_v after_o this_o they_o overrun_v that_o whole_a country_n and_o come_v to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o pekin_n the_o emperor_n court_n but_o dare_v not_o venture_v to_o besiege_v it_o because_o they_o know_v beside_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o canon_n it_o contain_v there_o be_v lodge_v fourscore_o thousand_o soldier_n in_o it_o but_o the_o chineses_n confess_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o fear_n and_o consternation_n in_o the_o city_n that_o the_o king_n think_v to_o have_v leave_v that_o city_n and_o go_v into_o the_o southern_a
part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o have_v effectual_o perform_v have_v not_o some_o commander_n suggest_v that_o his_o flight_n will_v give_v courage_n to_o the_o victorious_a and_o breed_v trouble_n and_o confusion_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v that_o to_o fly_v be_v nothing_o elf_v but_o to_o yield_v up_o the_o land_n to_o the_o enemy_n nay_o more_o they_o say_v the_o disorder_n be_v such_o in_o the_o city_n that_o if_o the_o tartar_n have_v come_v on_o he_o infallible_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o but_o the_o enemy_n be_v more_o greedy_a of_o prey_n and_o therefore_o like_o a_o lightning_n they_o overrun_v all_o spoil_v and_o burn_v all_o town_n and_o city_n and_o kill_v and_o destroy_v a_o immense_a company_n of_o chineses_n in_o a_o most_o cruel_a manner_n riches_n the_o tartar_n return_v with_o great_a riches_n and_o leave_v all_o these_o place_n dismantle_v and_o without_o garrison_n lade_v with_o infinite_a riches_n they_o return_v victorious_a to_o leaotung_v where_o they_o have_v their_o first_o footing_n after_o these_o thing_n have_v pass_v that_o renown_v emperor_n of_o china_n call_v vanley_n die_v die_v the_o emperor_n vanleâ—_n die_v taichangus_n succeed_v and_o die_v and_o leave_v his_o son_n taichangus_n to_o succeed_v he_o who_o begin_v to_o gather_v a_o new_a army_n against_o the_o tartar_n but_o after_o four_o month_n reign_n he_o also_o die_v to_o he_o succeed_v theinkius_n choose_v theinkius_n be_v choose_v who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o assume_v the_o crown_n send_v a_o ambassador_n with_o many_o magnificent_a present_n and_o worthy_a of_o the_o china_n monarchy_n to_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n the_o end_n of_o this_o embassage_n be_v to_o thank_v he_o for_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n send_v to_o his_o grandfather_n as_o also_o to_o comfort_v he_o for_o the_o loss_n he_o have_v receive_v in_o the_o late_a service_n of_o china_n and_o final_o to_o solicit_v and_o press_v for_o further_a succour_n for_o it_o seem_v those_o of_o corea_n chinese_n those_o of_o corea_n more_o valiant_a than_o the_o chinese_n as_o they_o be_v near_o to_o japony_n so_o they_o participate_v more_o of_o that_o warlike_a spirit_n and_o fortitude_n than_o those_o of_o china_n do_v beside_o that_o he_o may_v more_o effectual_o divert_v the_o imminent_a danger_n of_o his_o kingdom_n ruin_n tartar_n new_a preparation_n against_o the_o tartar_n he_o levy_v new_a force_n throughout_o all_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o send_v into_o the_o country_n of_o leaotung_n to_o hinder_v the_o irruption_n of_o the_o tartar_n any_o further_o into_o the_o country_n and_o for_o their_o better_a supply_n with_o necessary_a provision_n he_o maintain_v a_o great_a navy_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o thiencin_n to_o carry_v corn_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o their_o maintenance_n this_o port_n of_o thiencin_n commodious_a the_o port_n of_o thiencin_n very_o commodious_a be_v a_o station_n to_o which_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o ship_n resort_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o river_n from_o all_o part_n of_o china_n so_o as_o by_o this_o mean_n by_o a_o very_a short_a and_o compendious_a way_n they_o be_v easy_o provide_v with_o all_o necessary_n for_o all_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o leaotung_n be_v almost_o environ_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o further_a part_n be_v but_o two_o day_n distant_a by_o water_n from_o this_o port_n of_o thiencin_n but_o by_o land_n far_o more_o time_n be_v necessary_a among_o other_o commander_n which_o come_v with_o succour_n to_o their_o prince_n china_n the_o valiant_a amazon_n of_o china_n there_o be_v one_o heroic_a lady_n who_o we_o may_v well_o call_v the_o amazon_n or_o penthesilean_n of_o china_n she_o bring_v along_o with_o her_o three_o thousand_o from_o the_o remote_a province_n of_o suchuen_n carry_v all_o not_o only_o masculine_a mind_n but_o man_n habit_n also_o and_o assume_v title_n more_o become_a man_n than_o woman_n this_o noble_a and_o generous_a lady_n give_v many_o rare_a proof_n of_o her_o courage_n and_o valour_n not_o only_o against_o these_o tartar_n but_o also_o against_o the_o rebel_n which_o afterward_o rise_v against_o their_o lord_n and_o emperor_n but_o now_o she_o come_v in_o this_o war_n to_o supply_v her_o son_n place_n who_o she_o leave_v at_o home_n in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n as_o be_v yet_o a_o child_n and_o not_o able_a to_o perform_v that_o homage_n and_o duty_n to_o which_o he_o be_v oblige_v for_o in_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o country_n of_o suchuen_n there_o be_v a_o king_n not_o subject_a to_o he_o of_o china_n but_o a_o absolute_a prince_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o receive_v the_o honour_n and_o title_n of_o a_o king_n from_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n after_o which_o investiture_n his_o subject_n only_o obey_v he_o and_o pay_v tribute_n but_o because_o they_o surpass_v all_o other_o in_o valour_n and_o courage_n therefore_o they_o be_v use_v by_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o warlike_a affair_n by_o occasion_n of_o this_o war_n the_o two_o noble_a christian_a doctor_n christianity_n the_o first_o invention_n of_o the_o christian_n to_o advance_v christianity_n paul_n and_o michael_n find_v mean_n to_o persuade_v the_o emperor_n to_o demand_v of_o the_o portugese_n of_o macao_n some_o great_a piece_n and_o also_o some_o gun_n and_o gunner_n hope_v by_o this_o mean_n also_o to_o restore_v the_o banish_a father_n of_o christianity_n as_o also_o the_o religion_n itself_o and_o their_o proposition_n take_v effect_v for_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v send_v for_o and_o the_o father_n public_o admit_v again_o and_o many_o new_a soldier_n of_o portugal_n come_v to_o help_v the_o army_n but_o god_n do_v most_o abundant_o recompense_v this_o favour_n do_v to_o christianity_n for_o before_o the_o portugese_n arrive_v his_o army_n have_v cast_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o the_o country_n of_o leaotung_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n who_o be_v much_o exasperate_v by_o the_o 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follow_v with_o great_a force_n it_o they_o beseige_fw-fr leaoyang_n and_o take_v it_o and_o this_o army_n take_v that_o strong_a city_n in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o hour_n both_o party_n fight_v with_o such_o vigour_n and_o fierceness_n that_o thirty_o thousand_o of_o the_o garrison_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o tartar_n lose_v about_o twenty_o thousand_o of_o they_o nay_o the_o chineses_n affirm_v that_o they_o have_v never_o win_v the_o city_n have_v not_o the_o governor_n be_v corrupt_v by_o great_a promise_n of_o reward_n to_o open_v they_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n but_o be_v it_o as_o it_o will_v the_o tartar_n win_v the_o town_n the_o viceroy_n hang_v himself_o for_o grief_n but_o the_o king_n visitor_n judge_v it_o unworthy_a to_o bestow_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n upon_o the_o barbarian_a enemy_n constancy_n reward_v by_o the_o enemy_n in_o admiration_n and_o reward_n of_o his_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n obtain_v life_n and_o freedom_n but_o he_o know_v 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low_a cap_n which_o be_v always_o garnish_v round_o with_o some_o precious_a skin_n three_o finger_n broad_a of_o castor_n or_o zibellin_n and_o serve_v to_o defend_v their_o temple_n ear_n and_o forehead_n from_o cold_n and_o other_o tempest_n that_o which_o appear_v above_o the_o skin_n be_v cover_v over_o either_o with_o curious_a red_a silk_n or_o else_o with_o black_a and_o purple_a horsehair_n which_o they_o die_v and_o dress_v most_o curious_o so_o as_o their_o appurtenance_n be_v handsome_o join_v together_o make_v the_o cap_n both_o commodious_a and_o handsome_a their_o garment_n be_v long_a robe_n fall_v down_o to_o the_o very_a foot_n but_o their_o sleeve_n be_v not_o so_o wide_a and_o large_a as_o the_o chineses_n use_n but_o rather_o such_o as_o be_v use_v in_o polony_n &_o hungary_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o they_o fashion_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o sleeve_n ever_o like_o a_o horse_n his_o hoof._n at_o their_o girdle_n there_o hang_v on_o either_o 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their_o nose_n be_v not_o so_o flat_a nor_o their_o eye_n so_o little_a as_o the_o chineses_n be_v they_o speak_v little_a and_o ride_v pensive_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o manner_n they_o resemble_v our_o tartar_n of_o europe_n though_o they_o be_v nothing_o so_o barbarous_a they_o rejoice_v to_o see_v stranger_n they_o no_o way_n like_o the_o grimness_n and_o soureness_n of_o the_o chine_n gravity_n and_o therefore_o in_o their_o first_o abode_n they_o appear_v more_o human_a have_v thus_o brief_o describe_v their_o manner_n we_o resume_v our_o former_a discourse_n and_o return_v to_o the_o victorious_a tartar_n in_o the_o city_n they_o have_v taken_v in_o which_o find_v many_o rich_a and_o wealthy_a merchant_n of_o other_o province_n they_o publish_v a_o licence_n that_o they_o may_v depart_v with_o their_o good_n and_o withal_o command_v they_o speedy_o to_o void_a the_o city_n who_o present_o obey_v the_o order_n carry_v away_o all_o their_o good_n and_o riches_n perfidiousnes_n the_o tartar_n perfidiousnes_n little_o suspect_v the_o perfidious_a treachery_n of_o the_o tartar_n for_o they_o have_v not_o go_v three_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n but_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o the_o tartar_n they_o be_v plunder_v of_o their_o good_n and_o lose_v all_o their_o life_n which_o be_v do_v they_o return_v into_o the_o fearful_a city_n lade_v with_o riches_n the_o citizen_n tremble_v lest_o they_o may_v happy_o experience_v the_o like_a perfidiousnes_n but_o the_o tartar_n consider_v at_o how_o dear_a a_o rate_n he_o have_v buy_v the_o master_v of_o that_o city_n and_o fear_v also_o to_o find_v the_o like_a provision_n and_o preparation_n in_o other_o city_n they_o dare_v not_o make_v any_o further_a attempt_n for_o they_o know_v well_o that_o the_o emperor_n have_v not_o only_o fortify_v all_o the_o ancient_a place_n but_o erect_v also_o new_a munitition_n in_o the_o strait_n of_o many_o hard_a and_o rude_a passage_n and_o among_o all_o other_o strong_a hold_n that_o of_o xanghai_n situate_v in_o the_o island_n of_o cuckoe_n be_v most_o eminent_a contain_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o man_n in_o the_o garrison_n to_o resist_v the_o further_a progress_n of_o the_o tartarian_a force_n but_o that_o which_o most_o of_o all_o repress_v the_o tartar_n be_v the_o great_a valour_n of_o the_o incomparable_a commander_n maovenlungus_n who_o have_v with_o his_o great_a fleet_n take_v a_o island_n near_o corea_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n yalo_n china_n the_o valiant_a commander_n of_o china_n vex_v much_o their_o army_n in_o the_o rear_n and_o be_v victorious_a in_o several_a skirmish_n against_o they_o so_o that_o the_o tartar_n bend_v all_o their_o care_n and_o thought_n against_o this_o their_o enemy_n this_o renown_a person_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o province_n of_o evangtung_n where_o be_v near_o the_o portugese_n of_o macao_n he_o have_v much_o perfect_v himself_o in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n and_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o many_o great_a piece_n of_o artillery_n which_o he_o have_v recover_v from_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o a_o holland_n ship_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o that_o territory_n and_o because_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n have_v declare_v the_o city_n of_o ninguyven_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a in_o place_n of_o leaoyang_n where_o also_o he_o have_v place_v a_o new_a viceroy_n and_o his_o royal_a visitor_n therefore_o maovenlungus_n place_v the_o best_a part_n of_o his_o artillery_n upon_o the_o wall_n of_o this_o city_n the_o tartar_n therefore_o act_v nothing_o till_o the_o year_n 16â—5_n and_o because_o they_o resolve_v to_o besiege_v the_o new_a metropolitan_a city_n of_o ninguyven_v they_o first_o resolve_v to_o try_v maovenlungus_n his_o fidelity_n china_n the_o faithfulness_n of_o the_o commander_n in_o china_n offer_v he_o half_o of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v help_v they_o to_o gain_v it_o but_o that_o noble_a soul_n of_o he_o prove_v as_o faithful_a as_o valiant_a by_o reject_v those_o demand_n with_o indignation_n and_o come_v present_o with_o his_o force_n to_o succour_v the_o city_n ninguyven_v which_o they_o besiege_v by_o which_o mean_n tartar_n the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o tartar_n the_o tartar_n have_v lose_v ten_o thousand_o man_n be_v put_v to_o the_o flight_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o king_n of_o tartary_n own_o sonn_n be_v kill_v wherefore_o be_v furious_a with_o anger_n they_o pass_v the_o freeze_a sea_n and_o invade_v the_o island_n thaoyven_v where_o they_o kill_v ten_o thousand_o that_o keep_v garrison_n there_o together_o with_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o by_o this_o one_o act_n cruelty_n their_o cruelty_n have_v revenge_v their_o former_a discomfiture_n they_o return_v into_o tartary_n not_o with_o a_o resolution_n to_o sit_v still_o but_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o return_v with_o great_a force_n by_o which_o restraint_n all_o thing_n remain_v quiet_a till_o the_o year_n 1627._o in_o which_o the_o emperor_n thienkius_n die_v in_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o age_n and_o with_o he_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n seem_v to_o fall_v to_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n die_v the_o king_n of_o china_n and_o tartary_n both_o die_v and_o in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o king_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o have_v cruel_o murder_v many_o man_n himself_o augment_v the_o number_n of_o the_o dead_a after_o thinkius_n in_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n succeed_v that_o unhappy_a emperor_n zungchinius_n china_n zungchininius_n choose_a emperor_n of_o china_n brother_n to_o the_o former_a of_o who_o more_o hereafter_o and_o after_o thienmingus_fw-la king_n of_o tartary_n succeed_v thienzungus_n his_o son_n predecessor_n thienzungus_n more_o mild_a than_o his_o predecessor_n who_o change_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o father_n government_n and_o by_o good_a counsel_n begin_v to_o govern_v the_o chineses_n in_o a_o courteous_a and_o sweet_a manner_n but_o though_o he_o live_v not_o long_o yet_o he_o serve_v for_o a_o good_a example_n for_o his_o sonn_n to_o conquer_v china_n more_o by_o civility_n and_o humanity_n than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n in_o this_o year_n great_a maovenlungus_n soldier_n be_v insolent_a by_o want_n of_o action_n corea_n the_o soldier_n insolence_n exasperate_v the_o country_n of_o corea_n grow_v very_o troublesome_a and_o offensive_a by_o their_o rapine_n and_o disorder_n to_o the_o corean_o who_o be_v friend_n &_o ally_n and_o particular_o they_o much_o exasperate_v the_o province_n of_o hienkin_n insomuch_o that_o some_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o place_n move_v with_o indignation_n of_o several_a passage_n secret_o treat_v with_o the_o tartarian_a king_n to_o invade_v the_o chineses_n army_n in_o the_o habit_n and_o attire_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o corea_n from_o who_o they_o can_v expect_v no_o treason_n be_v leaguerd_v with_o they_o in_o friendship_n and_o amity_n promise_v moreover_o their_o best_a assistance_n to_o effect_v this_o mischief_n to_o he_o that_o be_v a_o traitor_n
both_o to_o country_n king_n and_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n but_o this_o counsel_n please_v the_o tartar_n and_o therefore_o he_o send_v a_o viceroy_n with_o a_o potent_a army_n corea_n the_o tartar_n be_v bring_v into_o corea_n to_o which_o the_o corean_o show_v the_o way_n and_o guide_v they_o through_o all_o the_o passage_n who_o fall_v upon_o the_o chinese_n army_n which_o suspect_v nothing_o be_v divide_v and_o many_o straggle_a up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n make_v a_o huge_a carnage_n among_o they_o but_o when_o maovenlungus_n percieve_v they_o be_v tartar_n he_o present_o make_v head_n and_o gather_v a_o body_n of_o a_o army_n together_o and_o vigorous_o oppose_v all_o those_o sharp_a assault_n but_o yet_o at_o length_n he_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o field_n and_o therefore_o leave_v a_o regiment_n or_o two_o to_o hold_v the_o enemy_n in_o action_n whilst_o his_o army_n retreat_v he_o flee_v to_o his_o ship_n and_o to_o the_o island_n which_o he_o have_v fortify_v the_o tartar_n be_v vex_v and_o grieve_v both_o to_o see_v their_o victory_n so_o bloody_a and_o also_o that_o maovenlungus_n who_o they_o chief_o aim_v at_o have_v escape_v with_o most_o of_o his_o army_n and_o therefore_o enrage_v with_o anger_n they_o fall_v upon_o the_o corean_a traitor_n and_o kill_v every_o man_n which_o action_n the_o king_n of_o tartary_n much_o condemn_v and_o then_o turn_v their_o wrath_n to_o the_o four_o northern_a province_n which_o border_n upon_o tartary_n waste_v corea_n waste_v they_o waste_v and_o destroy_v they_o all_o in_o a_o moment_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o king_n of_o corea_n gather_v a_o army_n to_o resist_v the_o tartar_n and_o maovenlungus_n also_o have_v recruit_v his_o force_n come_v into_o corea_n to_o revenge_v the_o receive_a loss_n the_o victorious_a tartar_n be_v come_v within_o seven_o league_n of_o the_o principall_a city_n of_o all_o corea_n but_o find_v the_o king_n to_o have_v take_v the_o strait_n and_o passage_n of_o the_o 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from_o the_o portugese_n quarter_n succour_n the_o portugese_n send_n succour_n which_o both_o by_o themselves_o and_o by_o teach_v the_o chineses_n advance_v infinite_o the_o king_n of_o china_n his_o affair_n especial_o where_o that_o christian_a viceroy_n call_v sun_n ignatius_n commander_n in_o chief_a of_o who_o affair_n we_o shall_v say_v something_o hereafter_o in_o this_o conjuncture_n of_o affair_n the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n send_v a_o new_a commander_n call_v yvenus_n into_o leaotung_n army_n a_o crafty_a commander_n of_o the_o china_n army_n with_o a_o new_a army_n and_o full_a power_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o tartar_n if_o they_o will_v admit_v it_o for_o the_o disorder_n of_o the_o time_n have_v cause_v so_o many_o needy_a person_n thief_n and_o cutthroat_n that_o the_o emperor_n grow_v more_o anxious_a how_o to_o suppress_v this_o great_a domestic_a enemy_n which_o seem_v to_o aim_v at_o the_o kingdom_n ruin_n than_o he_o be_v of_o the_o tartarian_a 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emperor_n his_o avarice_n who_o so_o exhaust_v the_o people_n by_o impost_n and_o tax_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o year_n of_o the_o golden_a age._n the_o prefect_n of_o the_o province_n not_o be_v able_a present_o to_o repress_v the_o insolency_n of_o those_o people_n they_o daily_o increase_v in_o courage_n and_o strength_n insomuch_o as_o in_o several_a country_n they_o have_v eight_o very_a considerable_a army_n they_o choose_v the_o strong_a and_o valiant_a man_n among_o they_o for_o their_o commander_n and_o these_o person_n be_v grow_v rich_a and_o potent_a by_o prey_v depose_v now_o the_o person_n of_o the_o ringleader_n of_o thief_n empire_n the_o commander_n aspire_v to_o the_o empire_n and_o aspire_v to_o no_o less_o than_o to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n and_o at_o first_o they_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o every_o one_o lay_v hold_v one_o what_o he_o can_v but_o at_o length_n thing_n be_v bring_v to_o that_o pass_n that_o two_o of_o the_o commander_n be_v only_o 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huquang_n but_o that_o we_o may_v not_o interrupt_v our_o discourse_n by_o deliver_v the_o act_n of_o both_o these_o together_o we_o will_v first_o treat_v of_o licungzus_n his_o feat_n be_v it_o be_v he_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o tartar_n come_v to_o the_o empire_n which_o he_o himself_o may_v have_v possess_v if_o his_o proceed_n have_v be_v moderate_a and_o human_a and_o of_o the_o other_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o therefore_o in_o the_o year_n 1641._o these_o pilferer_n have_v get_v immense_a riches_n in_o the_o province_n xensi_fw-la make_v a_o irruption_n in_o a_o vast_a body_n into_o that_o delicious_a sweet_a provinc_n of_o honan_n province_n they_o vex_v several_a province_n and_o go_v straight_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n call_v caifung_a which_o they_o besiege_v there_o be_v in_o that_o place_n a_o very_a great_a and_o strong_a garrison_n who_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o artillery_n moun_v upon_o hand-wheeling_a char_n force_v they_o to_o quit_v the_o siege_n then_o they_o fall_v upon_o all_o the_o neighbour_a city_n plunder_v spoil_v and_o burn_v all_o they_o can_v master_v have_v hoard_v up_o store_n of_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o augment_v their_o army_n by_o a_o company_n of_o rascally_a vagabond_n and_o loiter_a fellow_n caifung_a they_o besiege_v the_o noble_a city_n caifung_a they_o return_v again_o to_o besiege_v the_o metropolitan_a city_n but_o despair_v to_o take_v it_o by_o force_n or_o assault_n they_o resolve_v to_o ruin_v it_o by_o a_o long_a siege_n that_o they_o may_v enjoy_v the_o immense_a riches_n of_o that_o noble_a city_n and_o though_o this_o town_n be_v three_o great_a league_n in_o circumference_n yet_o they_o round_v it_o so_o by_o their_o line_n as_o nothing_o can_v enter_v the_o city_n this_o drive_v they_o to_o some_o strait_n for_o although_o the_o purveyor_n for_o victual_n have_v bring_v in_o good_a store_n of_o provision_n in_o the_o two_o month_n space_n in_o which_o they_o
be_v absent_a yet_o because_o that_o province_n which_o use_v to_o be_v most_o plentiful_a be_v lean_a in_o corn_n they_o can_v not_o make_v sufficient_a provision_n for_o six_o month_n siege_n for_o such_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o people_n as_o be_v retire_v within_o the_o wall_n yet_o it_o hold_v out_o most_o obstinate_o for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o month_n in_o which_o time_n though_o they_o be_v bring_v to_o hard_a shift_n yet_o hope_v always_o for_o succour_n from_o their_o emperor_n they_o will_v never_o submit_v to_o any_o condition_n i_o dare_v not_o relate_v to_o what_o a_o excess_n this_o famine_n come_v too_o but_o it_o seem_v it_o surpass_v the_o famine_n of_o jerusalem_n famin._n a_o unheard_a of_o famin._n a_o pound_n of_o rice_n be_v worth_a a_o pound_n of_o silver_n &_o a_o pound_n of_o any_o old_a rot_a skin_n be_v sell_v at_o ten_o crown_n dead_a man_n flesh_n be_v sell_v public_o in_o the_o shambles_n as_o hog_n flesh_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v a_o act_n of_o piety_n to_o expose_v the_o dead_a in_o the_o street_n for_o other_o to_o feed_v on_o who_o short_o be_v to_o be_v food_n for_o other_o but_o i_o will_v pass_v over_o &_o conceal_v yet_o more_o horrible_a thing_n than_o i_o have_v relate_v this_o city_n lie_v towards_o the_o south_n side_n of_o that_o vast_a &_o precipitate_a river_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v hoang_n because_o the_o stream_n always_o appear_v of_o a_o yellowish_a saffron_n colour_n &_o because_o the_o river_n be_v high_a than_o the_o plain_a level_n down_n of_o a_o league_n distance_n from_o the_o town_n they_o build_v upon_o the_o river_n side_n a_o long_a &_o strong_a bulwark_n of_o great_a square_a stone_n to_o prevent_v all_o inundation_n the_o emperor_n army_n after_o long_a expectation_n come_v to_o relieve_v the_o town_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o these_o bulwark_n and_o have_v consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o enemy_n camp_n it_o be_v think_v the_o fit_a and_o easy_a way_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n without_o give_v battle_n to_o let_v in_o the_o water_n upon_o the_o enemy_n army_n by_o some_o breach_n make_v in_o that_o long_a wall_n or_o bulwark_n it_o be_v in_o autumn_n when_o they_o take_v this_o resolution_n and_o the_o river_n by_o reason_n of_o extraordinary_a rain_n be_v swell_v big_a than_o ever_o before_o and_o they_o make_v the_o sluice_n or_o inlet_n too_o great_a and_o the_o breacke_n too_o wide_a give_v way_n to_o such_o a_o ocean_n of_o water_n as_o it_o overrun_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v very_o stately_a and_o high_a involve_v not_o only_a many_o of_o the_o enemy_n in_o its_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n drown_v the_o city_n of_o caifung_a be_v drown_v but_o also_o 300000._o man_n and_o the_o city_n itself_o perish_v in_o those_o flood_n of_o water_n so_o the_o ancient_a city_n which_o heretofore_o have_v be_v honour_v by_o the_o emperor_n residence_n appear_v no_o more_o a_o place_n of_o pleasure_n but_o a_o vast_a pool_n 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city_n of_o that_o country_n which_o city_n the_o tartar_n dare_v not_o venture_v to_o take_v by_o force_n but_o resolve_v to_o reduce_v it_o by_o a_o long_a siege_n for_o which_o end_n they_o gather_v together_o a_o company_n of_o country_n clown_n to_o make_v a_o large_a and_o spacious_a trench_n round_o about_o the_o city_n to_o the_o river_n and_o there_o they_o place_v ship_n so_o as_o no_o provision_n can_v possible_o enter_v this_o city_n of_o nanchang_n be_v great_a and_o extreme_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n beside_o the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n which_o defend_v it_o at_o that_o time_n so_o as_o although_o kinus_n have_v make_v great_a provision_n for_o a_o siege_n yet_o after_o some_o month_n he_o come_v to_o great_a want_n and_o penury_n and_o yet_o he_o hold_v it_o out_o though_o many_o die_v expect_v still_o some_o succour_n from_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n which_o can_v not_o be_v send_v because_o the_o soldier_n of_o quamgtung_n can_v never_o subdue_v the_o city_n of_o chancheu_fw-la by_o which_o his_o succour_n be_v to_o pass_v wherefore_o kinus_n be_v bring_v to_o great_a extremity_n express_v his_o mind_n to_o his_o soldier_n in_o these_o word_n there_o be_v no_o further_a hope_n my_o faithful_a companion_n but_o in_o our_o own_o valour_n and_o strength_n we_o must_v force_v our_o way_n through_o the_o tartarian_a army_n by_o dint_n of_o sword_n be_v courageous_a and_o follow_v my_o example_n and_o have_v order_v all_o affair_n city_n kinus_n break_v out_o of_o the_o city_n he_o sudden_o make_v a_o sally_n out_o of_o the_o town_n upon_o their_o trench_n where_o though_o he_o find_v a_o vigorous_a opposition_n yet_o with_o great_a difficulty_n he_o pass_v and_o force_v their_o trench_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o save_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n have_v kill_v many_o tartar_n for_o it_o be_v constant_o report_v that_o kinus_n with_o his_o army_n live_v in_o the_o mountain_n expect_v there_o some_o good_a occasion_n to_o renew_v the_o war._n destroy_v the_o city_n of_o nanchang_n be_v destroy_v he_o be_v thus_o escape_v the_o tartar_n pillage_v the_o city_n and_o put_v all_o the_o citizen_n to_o the_o sword_n for_o it_o be_v the_o tartar_n custom_n to_o spare_v all_o city_n which_o submit_v to_o they_o and_o to_o those_o which_o have_v make_v resistance_n before_o they_o be_v take_v they_o be_v more_o troublesome_a but_o they_o never_o spare_v or_o pardon_v those_o city_n which_o revolt_v after_o they_o have_v once_o be_v take_v in_o this_o slaughter_n they_o kill_v the_o two_o priest_n which_o assist_v the_o christian_n and_o their_o ancient_a and_o fair_a church_n be_v burn_v in_o the_o city_n after_o this_o the_o tartar_n easy_o recover_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o have_v appease_v all_o and_o leave_v new_a garrison_n in_o all_o place_n the_o army_n return_v victorious_a to_o the_o royal_a city_n of_o peking_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n this_o court_n prepare_v new_a army_n to_o reduce_v quamgtung_n with_o the_o other_o province_n which_o acknowledge_v jungley_n for_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n for_o the_o tutor_n to_o the_o young_a king_n of_o tartary_n find_v the_o defection_n and_o rebellion_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n to_o be_v very_o frequent_a resolve_v to_o give_v those_o quarter_n over_o to_o some_o tributary_n royolet_n china_n three_o king_n create_v with_o as_o many_o army_n against_o jungley_n the_o emperor_n of_o china_n the_o better_a to_o contain_v those_o country_n in_o their_o duty_n wherefore_o in_o the_o year_n mdcxlix_o he_o send_v three_o army_n consist_v partly_o of_o tartar_n and_o partly_o of_o chineses_n under_o three_o tributary_n princess_n to_o govern_v these_o province_n with_o absolute_a power_n and_o dominion_n one_o of_o these_o be_v king_n of_o fokien_n another_o of_o quamgtung_n and_o the_o three_o of_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n but_o with_o this_o condition_n that_o first_o of_o all_o they_o shall_v join_v their_o force_n to_o recover_v the_o country_n of_o quamgtung_n and_o drive_v away_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n but_o we_o shall_v say_v more_o of_o this_o hereafter_o now_o have_v see_v the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o south_n let_v we_o look_v a_o little_a back_n on_o the_o rebellion_n in_o the_o north_n against_o the_o tartar_n also_o in_o these_o northern_a part_n the_o chineses_n show_v their_o desire_n of_o liberty_n as_o much_o as_o they_o have_v do_v in_o the_o south_n where_o the_o commander_n though_o overthrow_v yet_o not_o take_v retire_v into_o the_o abrupt_a and_o precipitious_a mountain_n where_o they_o hold_v counsel_n how_o they_o may_v shake_v off_o the_o tartar_n dominion_n three_o of_o these_o head_n inhabit_v the_o thick_a and_o high_a place_n of_o that_o mountainous_a country_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v call_v house_n this_o man_n be_v strong_a in_o man_n invite_v the_o rest_n to_o join_v with_o he_o to_o deliver_v his_o country_n from_o this_o miserable_a thraldom_n one_o of_o they_o consent_v the_o other_o can_v not_o come_v but_o send_v he_o two_o thousand_o man_n to_o assist_v he_o tartar_n house_n rise_v against_o the_o tartar_n so_o as_o house_n march_v out_o with_o five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n which_o be_v no_o contemptible_a army_n if_o they_o have_v be_v as_o courageous_a as_o numerous_a he_o put_v out_o a_o proclamation_n in_o which_o he_o challenge_v the_o tartar_n and_o threaten_v they_o all_o extremity_n and_o to_o the_o chinese_n he_o promise_v all_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n and_o upon_o these_o hope_n many_o town_n and_o city_n admit_v he_o very_o willing_o sigan_n the_o metropolitan_a of_o the_o country_n be_v the_o only_a place_n able_a to_o resist_v he_o have_v in_o its_o wall_n three_o thousand_o tartar_n and_o two_o thousand_o select_a man_n of_o china_n who_o serve_v the_o tartar_n the_o governor_n of_o this_o town_n hear_v of_o house_n his_o motion_n gather_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o a_o long_a siege_n till_o a_o new_a supply_n of_o tartarian_a force_n can_v be_v send_v he_o but_o when_o he_o hear_v that_o all_o the_o town_n and_o city_n in_o the_o country_n do_v voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o house_n governor_n the_o barbarous_a resolution_n of_o a_o tartarian_a governor_n to_o prevent_v the_o like_a effect_n in_o his_o own_o city_n he_o resolve_v to_o murder_v all_o the_o citizen_n most_o barbarous_o nor_o will_v he_o ever_o be_v remove_v from_o this_o unhuman_a sentence_n till_o the_o viceroy_n command_v and_o persuade_v and_o the_o citizen_n promise_v all_o faithful_a service_n at_o length_n he_o change_v this_o tyrannical_a counsel_n but_o he_o command_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n that_o whereas_o hitherto_o the_o chinese_n who_o love_v so_o much_o their_o hair_n that_o they_o only_o cut_v a_o little_a of_o it_o away_o about_o their_o temple_n shall_v hereafter_o shave_v it_o off_o whole_o and_o total_o that_o so_o he_o may_v distinguish_v the_o citizen_n from_o any_o other_o if_o perchance_o they_o enter_v he_o ordain_v beside_o that_o if_o any_o speak_v more_o than_o two_o together_o they_o shall_v all_o be_v present_o kill_v he_o forbid_v all_o man_n to_o walk_v upon_o the_o wall_n or_o to_o walk_v in_o the_o street_n by_o night_n or_o to_o keep_v a_o fire_n or_o candle_n in_o his_o house_n by_o night_n and_o final_o disarm_v all_o declare_v it_o death_n to_o infringe_v any_o of_o these_o order_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o order_v besiege_v the_o chief_a city_n call_v sigan_n be_v besiege_v he_o send_v out_o some_o scout_n to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n strength_n who_o be_v partly_o kill_v and_o partly_o come_v fly_v back_o to_o the_o city_n but_o this_o tartarian_a governor_n as_o well_o to_o make_v a_o ostentation_n of_o his_o strength_n as_o of_o his_o security_n command_v the_o city_n gate_n to_o be_v lest_o open_a nor_o will_v he_o permit_v the_o draw_v bridge_n to_o be_v raise_v or_o pull_v up_o to_o
show_v he_o fear_v nothing_o but_o for_o all_o this_o the_o commander_n house_n besiege_n this_o city_n a_o far_o off_o which_o be_v three_o league_n compass_n and_o out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o their_o artillery_n and_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v make_v a_o show_n of_o great_a force_n than_o indeed_o he_o have_v he_o join_v to_o his_o army_n a_o company_n of_o dull_a head_a clown_n by_o which_o mean_v he_o make_v up_o a_o body_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n see_v such_o a_o army_n as_o appear_v believe_v they_o all_o to_o be_v soldier_n and_o lest_o his_o citizen_n shall_v join_v with_o they_o he_o think_v again_o of_o cut_v all_o their_o throat_n but_o his_o friend_n ever_o divert_v he_o from_o this_o outrageous_a cruelty_n and_o therefore_o to_o divert_v himself_o from_o such_o horrid_a project_n he_o use_v to_o walk_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o recreate_v himself_o in_o see_v the_o chineses_n under_o his_o colour_n fight_v so_o valiant_o against_o house_n for_o when_o he_o see_v this_o he_o use_v to_o cry_v out_o in_o their_o language_n ho_o manzu_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v o_o good_a barbarian_n for_o so_o the_o tartar_n call_v the_o chinaes_n as_o conquer_a nation_n use_v to_o expose_v the_o conquer_a to_o scorn_n and_o derision_n and_o he_o crown_v this_o scoff_n with_o these_o word_n mauzuxa_n manzu_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v let_v the_o barbarous_a kill_v the_o barbarous_a yet_o notwithstanding_o when_o they_o return_v victorious_a he_o do_v not_o only_o praise_v they_o but_o give_v they_o money_n and_o other_o precious_a reward_n which_o be_v expose_v to_o public_a view_n upon_o the_o wall_n to_o animate_v they_o to_o high_a and_o generous_a exploit_n so_o as_o house_n find_v no_o body_n stir_v in_o the_o city_n as_o he_o expect_v can_v do_v nothing_o beside_o their_o come_v new_a succour_n to_o the_o tartarian_a army_n which_o when_o house_n understand_v by_o his_o spy_v he_o present_o retire_v but_o yet_o this_o flight_n do_v not_o serve_v his_o turn_n nor_o can_v he_o whole_o escape_v the_o tartar_n hand_n for_o the_o horseman_n pursue_v they_o fall_v upon_o the_o rear_n and_o kill_v many_o carrying_z away_o great_a store_n of_o riches_n which_o the_o commander_n distribute_v in_o such_o proportion_n as_o he_o give_v most_o to_o such_o as_o be_v wound_v what_o become_v of_o house_n after_o this_o action_n be_v unknown_a and_o therefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o these_o northern_a revolt_n produce_v no_o other_o effect_n but_o the_o spoil_n rapine_n and_o plunder_n of_o all_o those_o quarter_n as_o it_o have_v produce_v the_o like_a in_o the_o southern_a part_n the_o tartar_n have_v happy_o overcome_v all_o difficulty_n hitherto_o danger_n the_o tartar_n insolence_n produce_v great_a danger_n fall_v into_o another_o by_o their_o own_o insolency_n from_o the_o year_n mdcxlix_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v now_o grow_v up_o to_o man_n estate_n desire_v to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o tayngu_n who_o be_v prince_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n hope_v by_o this_o match_n to_o conserve_v the_o friendship_n of_o he_o who_o force_n he_o fear_v for_o this_o end_n he_o send_v his_o uncle_n to_o he_o who_o be_v king_n of_o pavang_n this_o prince_n pass_v by_o the_o impregnable_a city_n of_o taitung_n which_o as_o it_o be_v the_o last_o city_n towards_o the_o north_n so_o also_o it_o be_v the_o key_n and_o bulwark_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la against_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n for_o it_o command_v all_o the_o soldier_n which_o keep_v the_o many_o fortification_n of_o those_o quarter_n where_o a_o fair_a level_n down_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o that_o famous_a wall_n i_o mention_v heretofore_o give_v a_o fit_a occasion_n for_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n the_o woman_n of_o this_o city_n be_v hold_v the_o most_o beautiful_a of_o all_o china_n and_o therefore_o it_o happen_v that_o some_o of_o the_o ambassador_n follower_n do_v ravish_v some_o of_o they_o and_o also_o carry_v away_o by_o a_o rape_n a_o person_n of_o quality_n as_o she_o be_v carry_v home_o to_o her_o spouse_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n never_o hear_v of_o heretofore_o among_o the_o chinese_n the_o people_n have_v recourse_n for_o these_o injury_n to_o kiangus_n who_o govern_v those_o quarter_n for_o the_o tartar_n who_o hear_v of_o this_o gross_a abuse_n send_v to_o that_o petty_a prince_n pavang_n to_o demand_v the_o new_a marry_a lady_n to_o be_v restore_v and_o to_o desire_v he_o to_o prevent_v future_a disorder_n in_o that_o nature_n but_o he_o give_v a_o very_a slight_a ear_n to_o such_o complant_v and_o therefore_o kiangus_n himself_o go_v unto_o he_o who_o be_v not_o only_o slight_v but_o even_o cast_v out_o of_o the_o palace_n his_o anger_n be_v quick_o turn_v into_o rage_n tartar_n kiangus_n rise_v against_o the_o tartar_n which_o make_v he_o resolve_v to_o revenge_v that_o injury_n by_o the_o tartar_n blood_n he_o therefore_o muster_n his_o soldier_n and_o present_o fall_v on_o the_o tartar_n kill_v all_o he_o can_v encounter_v the_o ambassador_n himself_o be_v let_v down_o by_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n hardly_o escape_v by_o swift_a horse_n then_o kiangus_n display_v a_o banner_n wherein_o he_o declare_v himself_o a_o subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n but_o name_v no_o emperor_n in_o particular_a because_o perchance_o he_o have_v hear_v nothing_o of_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n by_o reason_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o distance_n force_n kiangus_n gather_v great_a force_n but_o however_o he_o invite_v all_o the_o chinese_n to_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o to_o expel_v the_o tartar_n and_o many_o captain_n as_o well_o as_o soldier_n come_v in_o to_o he_o yea_o even_o the_o very_a western_a tartar_n against_o who_o he_o have_v ever_o bear_v arm_n be_v promise_v great_a reward_n send_v he_o the_o force_n which_o he_o demand_v this_o accident_n extreme_o trouble_v the_o court_n for_o they_o know_v well_o that_o the_o western_a tartar_n do_v both_o aspire_v to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n and_o also_o be_v envious_a at_o their_o prosperous_a course_n of_o fortune_n they_o also_o know_v that_o they_o be_v more_o abundant_a man_n and_o horse_n than_o they_o be_v for_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v they_o buy_v all_o their_o best_a horse_n and_o they_o fear_v that_o now_o they_o shall_v have_v no_o more_o and_o therefore_o they_o resolve_v to_o send_v present_o a_o good_a strong_a army_n against_o he_o before_o he_o shall_v gather_v a_o great_a strength_n but_o kiangus_n who_o be_v as_o valiant_a as_o crafty_a and_o one_o who_o by_o long_a experience_n know_v how_o to_o deal_v with_o the_o tartar_n first_o feign_v to_o fly_v with_o his_o army_n but_o in_o the_o rear_n he_o place_v very_o many_o cart_n and_o wagon_n which_o be_v all_o cover_v very_o careful_o as_o if_o they_o have_v carry_v the_o rich_a treasure_n they_o possess_v but_o in_o real_a truth_n they_o carry_v nothing_o but_o many_o great_a and_o lesser_a piece_n of_o artillery_n with_o their_o mouth_n turn_v upon_o the_o enemy_n all_o which_o the_o tartar_n perceive_v present_o pursue_v they_o fight_v without_o any_o order_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o prey_n with_o great_a avidity_n but_o those_o that_o accompany_v the_o wagon_n stratagem_n kiangus_n overthrow_v the_o tartar_n by_o a_o stratagem_n fire_v the_o artillery_n take_v off_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n and_o withal_o kiangus_n wheel_v about_o come_v up_o upon_o they_o and_o make_v a_o strange_a carnage_n among_o they_o and_o after_o this_o he_o show_v himself_o no_o less_o admirable_a in_o stratagem_n than_o in_o fortitude_n and_o courage_n again_o he_o beat_v the_o tartar_n again_o when_o he_o fight_v a_o set_v pitch_a field_n with_o a_o new_a recruit_v army_n of_o the_o tartar_n in_o which_o he_o obtain_v so_o noble_a and_o renown_v a_o victory_n that_o he_o fill_v all_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n with_o fear_n and_o tremble_a for_o by_o this_o mean_n victorious_a kiangus_n have_v gather_v so_o vast_a a_o army_n as_o he_o count_v no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n all_o man_n have_v recourse_n to_o he_o to_o defend_v their_o country_n against_o the_o tartarian_a army_n and_o therefore_o amavangus_n tutor_n to_o the_o emperor_n think_v it_o not_o fit_a to_o commit_v this_o business_n to_o any_o but_o to_o himself_o resolve_v himself_o to_o go_v against_o kiangus_n and_o try_v the_o last_o turn_n of_o fortune_n for_o the_o tartar_n kiangus_n amavangus_n himself_o go_v against_o kiangus_n he_o therefore_o draw_v out_o all_o the_o eight_o colour_n that_o be_v the_o whole_a force_n that_o be_v then_o in_o peking_n for_o under_o these_o eight_o colour_n be_v comprehend_v all_o the_o force_n