ambitious mindes at this time Sir Nicholas Clifford and Sir Anthony Shirley deserued so well in the warres of France at the Kings hands that hauing giuen them their oath he made them Knights of St. Michael which when they somewhat gloried too much of in their owne Countrey the Queene being discontented that they had taken such honour from a forreigne Prince without notice giuen to her as if they had beene not hers but his Subiects committed them both to prison But yet out of her mercy she would not let the Law passe vpon them both out of a respect to their youthfull folly and her good will to the King of France that bestowed it But shee commanded them both to resigne them vp againe and send backe their honour againe Which when the French King heard of he was reported to haue merrily sayd That the Queene may be euen with me I wish the would make some of my ambitious subiects with her Knights of King Arthurs round table For as that Order hath beene worne away long since in Ballades so hath this of S. Michael degenerated into a contempt Insomuch that a Noble French man sayd that the chayne of S. Michael was once a badge of Noblemen but now a collar for all creatures About this time Cardinall Alan died at Rome commonly called the Cardinall of England He was borne in the County of Lancaster of a good family which in some of the kindred conteyned some of the nobler sort Hee was brought vp in Oriall Colledge in Oxford where in the time of Queene Mary he was Proctour of the Vniuersity and afterwards made one of the Canons of the Church of Yorke Assoone as the alteration in Religion began hee changes his country for Doway in Flanders where the Vniuersity beginning in the yeere of Grace 1562. hee professing of Diuinity was made one of the Canons Regular of the Church of Cambray He tooke order that a Seminary should bee prouided for the English at Doway and afterwards another at Rhemes where also he was made Canon Hee ordeyned a third at Rome for the English besides two more in Spaine to preserue the Roman Religion in England out of zeale to which he had put off both his loue to his country and his obedience to his Prince he incensed the Spaniard and the Pope of Rome to assault England And to that purpose adioyned himselfe to all pernitious conâ—ultations about that matter after that Pope Sixtuâ— Qâ—intus had bestowed on him the title of Cardinall of S. â—â—rtiâ— in Montibus and the 〈◊〉 gaue him an Abbacy in the Kingdome of Naples and nominated him Archbishop of Machline When the Bull of excommunication against the Queene at that time that the great Nauy was prouided for England came forth hee brought it into the Low Countries caused it to be printed in English Withall he wrote an Admonition to the Englishmen that they should sticke to the Pope and Spaniard But being deceiued of all his hopes he returned againe backe to Rome where being wearied with the discords hatreds and dissentions of the English Runâ—awayes both Schollers and Nobles at lâ—st he dyed being of the age 63. yeares He was buried in the English Church called by the name of the Trinity In his time hee wrote in Latine a Booke concerning the Eucharist and in English an Apology for Seminaries and another for English Catholikes another for William Stanley who had betrayed 〈◊〉 to the Spaniard besides the admonition we spake of and a bookâ— about Purgaâ—ory neither haue I seene any other About this time too died Iohn Piers Archbishop of Yorke a great Diuine and yet a modest one who was long time Almoner to the Queene Matthew Hutton being remoued from the Bishopricke of Durham succeeded him Ferdinand Stanley Earle of Derby he whom we spake of before in the last yeare euen vpon the beginning of this yeare died in the prime of his youth but not without suspition of poyson â—auing beene miserably afflicted with cruell paines and casting vp stuffe like the colour of rusty Iron In his chamber was found a little Image made of Waxe with the belly of it thrust through with haires iust of the colour of those of his head which was layd there as the wiser theâ— thought to remoue the suspition of poâ—soning him away and father his death vpon the art of Wiâ—chcraft That which in his sicknesse he cast vp by vomiting so distayned his feeâ— with a 〈◊〉 colour that they would neuer be 〈…〉 were wrapt vp in Seare-cloth and couered with Lead did so flow with corrupted and stinking humours that no man in a long time durst come neere his buriall place There fell no small suspition of his death vpon his Horse-keeper for assoone as the Earle was once dead he fled away with one of his best Horses William his Brother succeeded him in the County of Darby betweene whom and the three daughters of the deceased Earle when there arose a contention to whom the Dominon of the Isle of Man belonged the Queene well considering that the English run-awayes and the Spaniard did still cast an eie towards that Island committed the gouernment thereof to Sir Thomaâ— Gerard both by reason of his approued honesty and proximity But whilest the new Earle and the three Sisters were at law about the Right to that Island the Queenes Lawyers being of a most quicke-sighted craftinesse found out of their points of the law that the Right of that Island belonged to the Queene and that the Stanleys and the Earles of Derby had without any iust right possessed the said right of that Island this two hundred yeares By reason that they alleaged that we may heare all from the beginning that assoone as Henry the fourth had seized vpon this Kingdome William Scroope then Lord of the Isle of Man being banished Henry the fourth gaue the same to Henry Percy Earle of Northumberland This Henry some six yeares after fell into a rebellion Hereupon the yeare then following the King granted it by Letters Patents to Iohn Stanley for his life time before the Earle oâ— Northumberland had beene banished by act of Parliament of his goods confiscated to the King Within a moneth the King and the same Stanley agree that those former Letters Patents for his life time and other things granted to him by the King should be restored againe and cancelled and the Island againe granted to him and his heires vnder this forme We for and in consideration that the said Iohn Stanley hath restored to Vs againe Our Letters Patents into the Chancery to be cancelled haue granted vnto the foresaid Iohn the foresaid Island c. Out of these words and well obseruing the circumstances of time that those former Letters Patents were granted for his life before that the Earle was banished the Lawyers pronounced that the King could not giue the Island away for his life because as yet it was not attributed or iudged faâ—ne into the hands of
of this combating with Bookes whether in earnest or deceitfully vndertaken the Councell came to finde out that both the Iesuites and the Priests in this matter secretly conspired to withdraw the Subiects of the Queene from their obedience to her and to excite the Commonalty to the maintenance of the Romish Religion euen with Armes Hereupon the Queene by Proclamation commanded the Iesuites and Secular Priests belonging to them to depart the Kingdome as for the rest that seemed to be mediators betweene both they had two moneths allotted to resolue whether or no they would professe loyalty to the Queene if not to he gone and neither of both sorts euer to returne againe except they will hazard the punishment of the Law and without doubt this Proclamation came out by the great prouidence of God to auert a great meditated mischiefe For amongst these affaires Thomas Winter as hee himselfe afterwards confessed and Tesmund a Iesuite being sent for by some of them into Spaine vnderwent most pernicious consultations to cut off the Queene and to exclude Iames of Scotland from his Right of inheritance And not onely these in England but also in the Low Countries seditious Souldiers conspired against the Arch-Duke and in France also some stâ—â—red vp commotions against the King insomuch that a storme seemed by some Starre to be raised against all Christian Kings and Princes In France Marshall Byrone who had practised wicked counsels against his Countrey and with pricking words wounded the Maiesty of the King was now beheaded I doe not well know whom the Marshalls confession detected but amongst others it so aymed at the D. of Bulloigne that being commanded to shew himselfe before the King he appeared not but fearing the anger of the King and the power of his aduersaries about the Court hee with-drew himselfe into Germany The French King made his great complaint of him to Queene Elizabeth accusing his marriage with his Sister Mary of Florence as vnlawfull and the Popes dispensation as vneffectuall and that thereby his Sonne was illegâ—timate That he had allotted the Prince of Conde to succeed in the Kingdome That he conspired the destruction of the chiefest Catholikes in France That he had conspired to betray the vnited Prouinces to the Spaniards that would giue most for them That he detracted from the Iudgement of the Parliament at Paris by appealing to the Court of Warre which indeed had no Iurisdiction in such matters as those That he tooke exception against his accusers which in case of Treason is not lawfull to doe Concluding that these things were nothing but tergiuersations in detracting all Iudgements and arrogating to himselfe the Kings authority Wherefore he asketh councell of the Queene what hee should doe in this matter She answereth him by her Leager in France that she was exceeding sorry to heare of these things and that she esteemed it great honour done to her that he would impart it vnto her She much commended his moderate minde which being suggested by so great dangers yet was rather guided by the councell of his friends then the affection of his owne selfe As concerning the councell which he required she made answer that if the proofes were as manifest against him as the obiections were odious he should do well to proceed legally against him but that it was dangerous for her to councell him to any thing till such time as the proofes were cleare against him left perchance she should offend God if so be he were innocent or offend the King if he should suspect his own safety to be neglected wherefore that she held it most fitting in soâ—doubtfull a case to be silent Yet withall she requesteth the King to vse both iudgement and conscience in his councell and accurately examine both the accusations and confessions to see whether or no they come from men of trust vncorrupted and no way suspected of partiality by reason that commonly no mans innocency can protect him from others base calumny Withall informing him that bare assertions are but slender proofes to informe the conscience of a iust Iudge against a man of so well-tried vertue and valour As also that those obiected crimes being not amply prooued did seeme as incredible to be fathered on such a man as they are in their owne nature execrable For who would belieue said she that hee being brought vp in the feare of God and continuing so long in an vnspotted loyalty euen in greatest dangers both towards his King and Countrey should euen imagine now such mischieuous villany against so well a deseruing Prince or euer ioyne councell with men both of lost estates and hopes with whom there was neuer any conformity of manners or religion and from whom hee could not but expect perfidious dealing Wishing him rather to suspect that these suggestions were coyned in the Spanish Mint to set the French againe together by the â—ares The King heaâ—d this with discontented eares and forthwith burst out into these words THe Queene thinkes better of Bouillon theâ— he deserues For he was amongst the chiefest of Essexes conspiracie neither dissembled â—e it when I obiected it to him but smiling put me off without an answere Then he constantly affirmed that those things obiecâ—ed were most true Then he recalls the benefits he had be bestowed on him as first that he numbred him amongst his Family then that he procured him a rich match with the heire of the Family of Bouillon that he had set him in the possession of Sedan that he honoured him amongst the Nobles of the Inward Admission that he made him Duke and Marshall and that once he had resolued to shew mercy to him if he would come aske pardon but now since he scorned it and out of an ill conscience since he fled away he saw no reason of shewing mercy now againe to him Then he added how that in the like case he interceded with the Queene for the Earle of Essex till hee vnderstood the â—einousnesse of his fact and then he gaue ouer The Embassador returned that the Queene only thought well of the Duke because hitherto he had shewen his loyalty and valour towards his King and Country but that she would be very sorry if that the obiections should be found true as it was in Essexes case and that then she wou'd detest and hate him from her very heart Concluding that this her admonition proceeded from no other ground then her minde troubled aswell for the Kings safety and security as her owne If we may belieue the French Writers and the politick'st English Byrone Bouillon and others perswading themselues that by their loyalty and valour they had brought the King to the Crowne and now perceiuing that the King was indulgent towards the Conspirators against his life and belieued them soonest as men best deseruing and recompencing their offence by duty and disposing of honours giuing them those Offices now in peace which before they possessed in time
made vse of him ib. his Motto what it was ibid. Periam Lord chiefe Baron of the Exchequer 311 Perkins employed by the Queene to answer the complaint of the Hanse-Townes 137. Delegated to Embden 284 Peroâ— called into question 67. the heads of his Inditement ibid. he is condemned of treason but dyeth of a disease in the Tower 68 Parsons the Iesuite of too intimate acquaintance with the E. of Arundle 4. he sets forth the booke of Dolemans 101. his excuse afterwards 103. abused by his owne Priests 369 Pharo a Towne ransackt 165 Philip King of Spaine dyeth 225 Pierre-pont Castle in France in vaine besieged 47 Piers Archbishop of Yorke dyeth 114 Proclamation against transporting prouision into Spaine 59. against Bothwell 64 Plague in London whereof in a yeare there died 17890. people of the City 91 Poâ—ters valiantly defended by the Duke of Guise 19 Polacke and the Turke reconciled by the Queenes meanes 33 Pope of Rome sendeth a Bull into Ireland to grant a pardon of all their sins to the Rebels 256 Popham his proceeding against the Earle of Arundel 6. he is made Lord chiefe Iustice. 76 Porto-Rico the voyage thither 131. taken by the Earle of Cumberland 226 Portland fortified by the Queene 169 Powlet Marquesse of Winchester dyeth 197 Practises of the Spaniard in Scotland against England 1 Preston a Captaine burnes the Isle Puerto Sancto 130 Protections hurtfull to the Common-wealth in Ireland 234 Prouidence a ship of the Queenes maintaineth fight with a Caracke three whole houres 73 Puckering dilates vpon the cause of the Earle of Arundel 5. he is made Keeper of the great Seale 61. he dieth 175 Counterfeit Purseuants and Apparitors punished 171 Q QVinpercorentine taken by Marshall D'Aumont and Generall Norris 168 Quodlibets by Watson a Priest 369 R RAtcliffe Earle of Sussex dieth 92 Ratcliffe of Orsdall slaine 241â— Ramsey rescues the King of Scots 286 Randolph a Captaine slaine in France 85 Sir Thomas Randolph dieth 38 Rawleigh his expedition into America 71. to Gadiz 157. to the Azores 180. he is called in question by Generall Essex 182. taken into fauour againe 183. he grudges the Earle of Essex vpon it 186 Reaux sent ouer to the Queene to craue more aide 46 Rebellion in Scotland 2. in France 19. in Ireland extinguished 379 Religion the cloake of Rebellion 98 Rewthwens the Brothers of Gowry conspire to kill the King 286 Rhise Wife to Feagh-Mac-Hugh her courage 119 Richardot very importunate for the liberty of Religion for the Low Countrimen 32 Richard the second his law concerning the Crowne of England 9. the poorer sort exempted in his time from Subsidies which was multiplied on the rich 3â— Rich the Lady Sister to the Earle of Essex 296 Riman his voyage to the East Indies 58 Richmond the place where the Queene dieth 380 Ritch one of the Peeres of the Earle of Arundel 3 Rincurran Castle the Spaniards droue out from thence 353 Roe Lord Maior of London dyeth of the plague 91 Rogers a worthy Commander slaine at the battle of Ostend 343 Rohans come to visite the Queene 298 Roan assailed by the Earle of Essex 47 Russel made Lord Deputy of Ireland 117 S SAlique Law in France what 35 Sands one of the Peeres of the Earle of Arundel 4 Sandford fortified by the Queene 169 Sansie delegated for the King of France's businesse 70 Sapena taken in the battle at Newport 281 Sauages confession vrged against the Earle of Arundel 6 Sauage a worthy Commander at the siege of Amiens 194 Scrope of Bolton dyeth 76 Shelley condemned for treason a witnesse against the Earle of Arundel 9 Sherley a Commander in France vnder Sir Iohn Norris 45. made Knight of the order of S. Michael 1â—2 Sidney sent ouer to the King of France 90. his valour at the battle of Turnholt 177. put out of pay wherefore 182 Silley Islands fortified by the Queene 90 Slâ—ugh Art a countrey in Ireland laid waste by Sir Henry Docwray 349 Smith Master of the Custome-house 31. his rents raised by the meanes of one Caermardine ibid. Smith Sheriffe of London committed to the Tower 336 Southampton made Gouernour of the Horse by the Earle of Essex 239. is present at the parley with Tir-Oen 242. the Queene offended with him and why 244. he comes ouer with the Earle of Essex ibid. assaulted by the Lord Grey in the open street 299. imprisoned 309. arraigned 311. condemned 321. committed to the Tower 336 Southwell 327 Southsey fortified by the Queene 169 Spencer the famous Poet dyeth 232 Spinola commeth with Gallies to Scluce 252. dyeth 365 Squire his treason 226. his execution 228 Steward sent into Germany by the King of Scots 34 Sussex the Countesse dyeth 26. the Earle of Sussex dyeth 92 Countesse of Sutherland Aunt to the Earle of Huntley 100 Synod at Dunbarre 98 Somerset Earle of Worcester sent into Scotland 33 Stanley Earle of Darby dyeth 91. another Earle of Darby dyeth 114. the witchcraft vsed vpon him ibid. Stapleton dyeth 231 T TAffe a Captaine in Ireland his proceedings 361 Talbot Earle of Shrewsbury sent ouer into France 171 Thames dryed vp strangely 75. a discourse about the naturall reason thereof ibid. The Tearme remooued to Saint Albanes 91 Tempests raised by Witches 26 Tesmond a Iesuite his treason against the Queene 370 Theodosius the Emperour his saying 68 Throgmortons confession vrged against the E. of Arundel 6 Tyrell Lord of Kerry 354. put to flight by the Deputies forces 356 Tir-Oen strangleth Hugh Gaueloc 40. he is pardoned by the the Queene ibid. he submits to Norris and Fenton 145. he presents his grieuances before the Earle of Ormond 200. he hath a Fether of a Phoenix sent vnto him by the Pope of Rome 248. he is remoued from his fort at Blackwater 384. he ioyneth Forces with Alphonso Don-Ocampo conducter of the Spaniards 354. he is put to flight 356. his last and absolute submission to the Queene 379 Toul formerly a part of Germany 36 Tours the Parliament at Tours causeth the Bull of Pope Gregory to be hanged and burnt on a gibbet 45 Tragedy of Richard the second acted before the Conspirators by the meanes of Sir Gill. Mericke 332 Treaty at Boullen 263. at Embden 284. at Bremen 365. breakes off 367 Truces in Ireland very hurtfull and why 146 Turlogh Lenigh a great man in Ireland 41. he dieth 94 Turnholt battle 177 Turke and the Polacke reconciled by the meanes of the Queene 33. and with the Vayuod of Transiluania by her meanes too 84 Twomound the Earle an indiuiduall companion of S. George Carew who stood him in great stead 269 V VAlerian's saying about conferring Honour 173 Vallelodid the English Seminary there 60 Valentine Thomas accuseth the King of Scots at the time of his execution 219. he is repriued ibid Vayuod of Moldauia beholding to the Queene 33. and the Vayuod of Transiluania 84 Vere made Gouernour of the Brill 168. his valour at the battle of Tournholt in Brabant 177. he is made Gouernour
gotten as farre as Saint Victors they esteemed the entrance of the mayne Citie as the last so the least part of the assault The French King whether out of feare of the disabilitie of his forces or of hope that shortly it would yeeld or perswasion that the Duke of Maine would not bid him battaile sounds presently a retreate from Paris and remoues to Estampes leauing the Lord Willoughbie and the English on the way to blocke vp the Leaguers passage till such time that both the Towne and Castle yeelded After this they took Vendosme the same place which with the whole country Henry the Fift of England had formerly giuen to Robert Willoughby Gouernour of Normandy as a sure argument of his loue and the others valour They reduced likewise to their due obedience Caën Alanzon Falais Loux and Honfleure After which time and trauell of aboue fiue hundred miles besides the wearinesse of their Irish service they that suruiu'd returned home to England The chiefe of note that died either by disease or battaile were one Captayne Hunning and Stubs who hauing formerly lost his right hand for writing against the mariage of the Queene with the Duke of Aniou heere lost his life and Sir William Drury one without doubt who had enioyed a longer life if reason could haue preuayled with his passion to haue preserued it For contending with Burroughs a Lords yonger sonne for the vpper â—and against the order of ranking Nobility in England he was slaine by him in a single combat The Queene intended not so speedy a returne of the English and the French King greeued at it hauing had intelligence that the Spaniard lay in wayt for the Kingdome of France for he already through the meanes of Morea Taxie and Bernardine Mendoza got it propounded in the Councell of the Leaguers that to recompence his charges which he had beene at for their assistance they should nominate him the Protectour of the Catholiques in France and confer vpon him the same Prerogatiues that he enioyes in the Kingdome of Naples and Sicily of bestowing by his Delegates all Offices whether Ecclesiasticall or Ciuill The loftinesse of this vndermining request intermingled with the eager promoting of it by Cardinall Caietan the Popes Nuntio came yet so short of their expectation of successe that it occasioned great discontentment in the French themselues whose riper iudgements prompted them to this caution by promoting their Religion not to lose their Reason And as the Queene imploied no small care in establishing Nauarre in the Kingdome of France so had she a long time sought opportunity to contriue a match betweene his sister Katharine and the King of Scotland wisely considering that both of them would stand her in great stead to refell the force of Catholiques and their plots against Protestants but the euent prooued not answerable by reason that her age was of the most and her meanes of the least her brother himselfe likewise being much impouerished by these neuer discontinuing warres The King of Scotland notwithstanding being still vnmarried ceased not very often to sollicite the Queen for her aduice in the choice of a wife who being more slow in answering him then the desire of the Scots although not then reason required gaue occasion to the Scots not only to suspect but euen to vent this suspitioÌ„ in open clamors that the English by their cunning trickes sought to depriue the King both of Honour and Issue thereby conceyting an impunity for the death of his mother and to exclude the Scottish race from succession in England This when the Queene vnderstood shee exhorted the King to choose himselfe a wife and such a one that might well please him not displease the people nor occasion the long amity betweene them to fall into suspition The King of Scots therefore hauing somewhat about a yeere before setled his affection on Anne the daughter of Fredericke the Second King of Denmarke who was also honoured with the Queenes ample commendations this yeere about Iuly contracted himselfe to her by his Proxie the Earle Marshall But shee being shipped for Scotland in the middest of her voyage was driuen backe by a tempest into Norway which so bruised her ships that shee could not in long time put to sea againe The King to the prayse of his Religion as well as his loue about October next passeth to Norway for the Sates of the Kingdome appointed and he himselfe sealed their resolution with a vowe to marry within the compasse of a yeare and there celebrated the marriage where both of them were compelled to stay till next May before their ships necessity and a seasonable opportunitie would licence their departure It was first the opinion of many but afterwards their faith that these tempests at sea were raysed by the execrable power of sorcerers and witches by reason of the violence of the waues and windes that were more turbulent and the stormes shorter and yet oftner than ordinarie whereupon they concluded some operatiâ—e power besides nature partly by reason that euill spirits Princes of the Ayre may with better safety trade with the poore ignorant people in the Northerne clymate from whom partly their pouerty and want of other mens industry hath concealed the light of the Gospel but especially by reason of the open confessions of some Witches that were vpon some occasion apprehended who confessed that they raysed those stormes on purpose to keepâ— the Queene from Scotland and that likewise Bothwel had beene with them to know the Kings fortune This being denounced Treason amongst the Scots by a Law of Queene Marry coâ—t Bothwel a strict imprisonment yet it seemes not so strict but that shortly he brake out from that into worse troubles wherewith all Scotland was annoyed There died this yeere Frances the Countesse of Sussex widow of the Thomas Earle of Sussex and sister to Henry Sidney who hauing giuen many precepts of vertue in her life at her death taught it by example in erecting Sidney Sussex Colledge in Cambridge And Sir Walter Mildmay a man as full of variety of vertues as euer he was of offices yet was hee chosen by Henry the Eigth to bee ouerseeâ— of the Court of Augmentation Knighted by King Edward the Sixt made a Priuy Counsellour by Queene Elizabeth Chancellour of the Exchequer and Subtreasurer He founded Emanuel Colledge at Cambridge in the yeere 1584. endowing it with meanes and reuenewes to mayntayne threescore and two Students and a President Him succeeded Sir Iohn Fortescue an excellent man and a good Grecian who was long time Tutor to the Queene and Master of her Wardrobe Likewise there died William Somerset Earle of Worcester the Sonne of Henry and Nephew of Charles whom his onely Sonne Edward succeeded a man so prosperous in his issue that he might reckon more sonnes and daughters then most Noble men in England There died also Iohn Lord Sturton the sonne of Charles whom Queene Mary
of the richest in all Friezland which neither could beare the seruile yoake of the Spaniard nor would admit of a subiection to the States made a motion vnto the Queene to receiue them into her protection which shee eagerly refused being vnwilling any way to benefit her selfe by the States discontentment At which time likewise shee was much offended with the Zelanders for â—husing the King of France their Patron and not acquainting the States of Holland with their purpose And publikely reprooued many of those Prouinces who vnder pretence of obedience and affection vnto her had occasioned many discontents and dissentions at home She was indeed somewhat larger in this reproofe then her ordinary displeasure would allow her because she was giuen to vnderstand that Richardot had been very importunate that pardon libertie of Religion should be granted to all Low-Countreymen who had fled out of their Prouinces if they would returne home againe which if he brought to passe she soone foresaw would be disaduantagious to the States by reason that such kinde of men formerly inhabited the emptiest Cities of Holland and would contribute much to the maintenance of war About which time also at the mediation of the Duke of Tuscany shee commanded some ships that had beene taken by the English to be restored to the Venetians and Florentines straitly commanding that none should offer violence to the Italian Venetian French Dane Low-Countrey-men or those of the Hanse Townes But the Spaniard as hee escaped the contents of this command so escaped hee not many onsets and affronts of the English some in the Atlantique Ocean and some at and about the Ilands of Azores where his Nauies from either Indies must necessarily come for refection and others by the Earle of Cumberland who surprised some of his ships demolished to the ground his Fort of Fayoll and brought from thence fifty eight great peeces of Ordnance and others by some more of the English who scouring the Gaditan Sea much endangered the ordinary safety of his vsuall Traffiques The glory of the Queene although it were farre spread and almost fearfull by reason of her prosperous successe in war yet was it more admirable and much better'd in report by a peace which shee obtained betweene the Great Turke and the Polonians euen at the brinke of a terrible battell and the Vayvode of Moldauia whom the Great Turke sorely perplexed also which courtesie of hers the Polonian and his Chancellour by their letters gratefully since acknowledged And now to confirme that inuiolable bond of amity betweene her and the King of Scots shee sent Edward Somerset Earle of Worcester to him to congratulate to him his happy mariage and his as happy returne home with some admonitions also that as her loue had lately beene manifested in honouring both him and the King of France with the order of S. George so his care should bee as circumspect to choake all popish practises euen in their birth The King most gently entertained both the loue and care of the Queene and to publish his desire of a continuation of amity with England and an vniuersall peace withall he sent Colonel Steward into Germany to treat with the King of Denmarke and the Embassadors of the other Princes about the renewing of a League betweene England Spaine and France France all this while was in a sore combustion which as the malice of the Leaguers first kindled so now their power as strongly fomented The Queene scanning all possibilities of quenching the same entred into many consultations and councells whether shee should ioyne her old English Souldiers that serued in the Low Countries with the forces that were a comming into France out of Germany or whether shee should leauy forces and send them ouer into the Low Countries to detaine still the Duke of Parma from entring into France But most of all shee controuerted this question how shee might keepe the Spaniard from the Sea coasts of France especially â—ince shee vnderstood that the Spaniard had seconded his violence by corrupt bribery to reduce New-hauen vnto his owne power and had also resolued to send a Nauy into low Britaine or Britania Armorica But before the varieties of consultations could be easily ripened to any resolution the D. of Parma entreth France For the Spaniard after his easie perswaâ—ion to it by the Leaguers who thirsted sore after some reuenge for their shamefull discomfiture at the Battle of Yurie straightly commanded the Duke this iourney by vertue of his Protectorship of the Catholikes and the comely glosse of charity to his neighbours The Duke hauing speedily runne quite thorow Picardy succoureth the fainting rebellion at Paris with variety of prouision and hauing ransack't Corbuâ—ile and Laygnay to store Paris with a larger plenty of prouision hee retyreth with his army which spake better of his skill in intrenching in and delaying of battell after the manner of the Romanes then of his warlike discipline which could not restraine the couetousnesse of his Souldiers from open and shamefull sacriledge On the otherside certaine Regiments of Spaniards vnder the conduct of Don Iuan d'Aquila hauing ariued at lower Britaine about the Autumnall Aequinox at Blawet assault and surprize Henebon a fortified towne by the Sea side by the meanes of Philip Emanuel Duke of Merceur one of the house of Lorraine who at that time when the Leaguers began to distribute and quarter France into their seueral portions sent for this troupe of Spaniards to seat him for his part in the Duchie of Britaine or in some part of it at least This thought he easie to accomplish by the helpe of the Spaniard and the right of his wife who was the onely daughter of Sebastian Martigne whose mother Caroletta was Duchesse of Britaine and Heire to I. Brosse Duke of Estampes This occasion the Spaniard without great importunity quickâ—y embraced being himselfe conceited also that Britaine by right belong'd to his Daughter being it was a Feminine fee and by reason that shee descended from Elizabeth of Valois the eldest daughter of Henry the second of France who by reason of the death of all her Vncles without Issue had right alsooâ— succession to the whole Crowne of France did not the Salique Law cut that off And although hee could not be ignorant that in the reigne of Francis the first the Duchy of Britaine was incorporated to the Crowne of France yet would he not subscribe to the resolution of all the Lawyers in France concluding that Whatsoeuer is once annexed or incorporated to the Crowne of France can neuer be dismembred or seuered from it Presently after the ariuall of these Spaniards Henry Bourbon sonne to the Duke Montpensier and Prince Dâ— Beare whom with La-Noue the King made Gouernour of Britaine requesteth ayde from England but it seemed good neitheâ— to the Queene nor her Councell to second this request with a grant because he was but a subiect the King being busied
King himselfe by letters dated at â—iscara-ville to the Queene sufficiently witnessed extolling Sir Roger Williams likewise as another Câ—sar and Sir Matthew Morgan The French King being ouer-whelm'd with these weighty warres againe flies for aide to the Queene of England desiring proâ—ision for Warre and six thousand men for his war in Britaine She condiscendeth to send foure thousand and some pieces of Ordnance and other furniture vpon condition agreed vpon by 〈…〉 and 〈◊〉 Delegates for the King of France That the King should not enter into a League with the Leaguers vnlesse they had first submitted themselues and promised assistance to driue the Spaniard out of the Kingdome That hee should not also make a peace with the Spaniard except shee were agreeing thereto That he should allot some harbour and reâ—â—ptacle for the English and ioyne to them foure thousand French footmen and a thousand horsemen that within a yeare hee should pay the charges of their transportations and money for their pay and that this agreement should bee registred amongst the Acts of the Chamber of Accounts Vpon this Captaine Norris who had beene sent for out of Britaine into France to certifie the Queene of the proceedings therein was sent backe againe in October When the English had arriued in France there was not any Frenchmen to ioyne forces with them acâ—ording to the agreements But Captaine Norris cal'd from one place to another sometime to warre in Normandie and Lamaine sometimes elsewhere suffering the Spaniards all this while to strengthen themselues in Britaine at which the Queene was so discontented that had shee not for certaine vndâ—rstood that the Duke of Parma was on another expedition into France to supply the forces in Britaine and to seize vpon some other Hauens certainly she had recal'd her men home againe But whilst the Duke of Parma was in a readinesse for this expedition hee died hauing beene Commander of the Spanish forces in the Low Countries fourteene yeeres He was a Prince most abundant in all vertues hauing purchased loâ—e and respect euen amongst his enemies whom euen the Queene neuer named but very honourably and with commendation but â—et so warily that his praises hurted not The Queene being not ignorant that the Spaniard maintained these warres not trusting vpon his owne strength as the gold of America and that by that meanes hee pierced into all secrets of States corrupted good councell and much impaired many mens loyalty determined to send Sir Walter Raâ—leigh with fifteene men of warre into America to seize vpon Panama where they bring together their gold or to surprize the Spanish Fleet but hauing exceeding contrary windes hee was three whole months before he strucke saile At last hauing out reacht the Promontory of Neriâ—â— hee vnderstood of a certaine that the Spaniard had expresly commanded that none set out of America this yeare Not long after a mighty tempest dispersed the English Fleet and drowned their little Fliâ—-boates so that now the opportunity of following his intent being lost being about to returne againe hee distributedd his Nauy into two parts committing the one to Sir Iohn Borrough second sonne to the Lord Borrough and the other to Martin Fourbisher hee giues â—he one charge to â—oaue about the Spanish coast and hinder ships from entring willing the other to tarry at the Ilands of Azâ—râ—s for the returne of the Carackes out of the East Indies Neither did this purpose faile of a wished successe for whilst the Spanish Admirall at sea rests onely in obseruing and watching Fourbisher hee altogether neglecteâ— his care of the Carackes Borrough to omit some small ships hee tooke from the Spaniard and how valiantly hee winded himselfe out of danger when hee was encompassed betweene the Spanish Coasts and the enemies Nauy hauing arriued at a little towne called Santa Cruce in the â—land Flores within a few daies after espied a Portugall Caracke which three of the Earle of Cumberlands ships lay in wait for but by reason of a sluggish calme they could not come neere them a tempest arising in the night compelled both the English and the Portugals to take vp anchor but on the next morning the English might discerne the Portugalâ—s vnlading at the Iland Flores as fast as they could possibly who discrying the English making after them presently set their ship on fire Borrough hauing vnderstood by one or two Captiues whom he had taken that more and greater Carackes were to come that way seuered all his ships to the space of two leagues distance ouer against the Iland Flores and thereby had 〈◊〉 of viewing farre and neare the Coast about him neither did fortune deâ—aine them long in expectation for behold a great Caracke called the Mother of God which was a hundred and sixty foot long and seuen deckes in height laden with rich Merchandise and manned with six hundred men came in their sight The English set vpon her with many peeces of Ordnance in diuers places and with as diuers successe being indeed more couragious than ordinary by reason of the hope of the expected prey but being equally amazed with the hugenesse of it and the multitude of Souldiers in it they began to desist skirmishing till such time that Robert Crosse twharting the fore-Castle of the Caracke with the Queenes ship called the Prouidence maintained skirmish three whole houres together Then the rest fell so fiercely vpon her on euery side especially on the poope that at the sterne no man durst appeare First of all Crosse brake in and borded and after him all the rest where finding a great slaughter committed dead men being mingled with halfe dead and the whole with the wounded so confusedly that pitty moued them to vse their victory mildly The spoile that was brought home was valued at a hundred and fifty thousand pounds of English money besides those commodities which seuerall Commanders Mariners and Souldiers pilfered and snatched for themselues and when there was a strict inquisition made after these men for those goods that were stolne away in this manner vnder pretence that they had not discharg'd the due â—raight for cariage and afterwards when a Proclamation came forth seuerely threatning to punish those as Robbers and Pirates that brought these pilfred commodities not to light againe yet did their wickednesse easily frustrate the busie industry of the Delegates in this matter and the periury of many of them mocking the publike sâ—uerity of the Proclamation preâ—enâ—ed the execution of it for they stucke not to say That they had rather endanger their soules by periury before God that was exceeding mercifull that their whole fortunes and estates before men that were so vnmercifull Not vnlike to this was the treacherous couetousnesse of many Merchants here who to glut their desire of wealth euen in this time of open warre although not proclaimed yet betweene England and Spaine furnished the Spaniard with Ordnance of brasse and iron both wherewith they stored their wants in
many of their vnprouided ships This as soone as the Queene came to vnderstand shee set foorth her Proclamation forbidding any man hereafter to doe so vnder penalty of aiding an enemy against ones owne countrey withall commanding that they who worke in iron should make no greater peeces that the ordinary Mynions and none aboue sixteene thousand pound weight The Queene hauing gone on progresse this sommer tooke Oxford in her way where shee remained some few daies being entertained with Orations Plaies and Disputations and a costly banquet prouided by the Lord Buckhurst then Chancellour of Oxford At her departure shee gaue them a Latine speech wherein shee professed that shee more esteemed of their true hearty loues than of all other sports and pleasures neuer so delightfull for which she gaue them hearty thankes making a solemne vow and giuing them sound counsell her vow was that as she wished nothing more than the safety of the Kingdome the happinesse and glory thereof so shee wished also that especially the Vniuersity which is one of the eies of the Kingdome might grow famous and flourish for euer Her counsell was that they should worship God first of all not to sute themselues according to the curiosity of many but to the lawes of God and the Kingdome that they should follow the lawes and not goe before them that they should not dispute whether or no better lawes might be but keepe those that already were made that they should obey their Superiours and mutually loue each other This sommer as also last sommer there was such a great drought through England that not onely the fields but euen many fountaines were dried vp and many cattell were choked with thirst perished euery where vp and downe euen the Riuer of Thames the chiefest in all England nay one than whom Europe hath not a longer for it ebbes and flowes aboue threescore miles euery day was euen without water the fift day of September to the great admiration of all that beheld the same in so much that a horseman might easily passe ouer at London-bridge Whether or no this fell out by reason of the great drought or the fierce rage of the North-east winde which had blowne vpon the water two whole daies and either droue away the fresh water or hindred the flowing of the Sea I cannot tell especially the Moone being then in the increase descending to the South and the Aequinox being neere at hand at which times sea-men obserue greater flowing in the Thames than at any other There were those that searcht into the hidden secrets of Philosophy to shew that this accident fell out by a naturall cause and direction arguing that as a quartane Ague comes at her due time and as the Gout at certaine seasons and as a Purge if nothing hinder it keepes it's accustomed time for working and as a womans childe-bearing ordinarily comes within a months reckoning so the waters haue some secret place of respite whither they withdraw themselues and whence they streame out againe that some of them that are lesse may be the better noted that they that are greater are yet certainely so And what wonder should this bee to see Nature her selfe goe on by statutes and degrees The heat of the Sommer comes when the time is the alteration of the Spring and Autumne is when it is wont to be the Solstice and the Aequinox keepe their appointed seasons then let vs not thinke but there are lawes of nature vnder earth which may perchance be lesse knowne to vs but not lesse certaine in themselues Let vs beleeue to bee below whatsoeuer wee see is aboue vs. There died this yeere Anthony Browne Vicount Mouâ—tague sonne to Sir Anthony Browne master of the Horse and Standard-bearer of England whom Queene Mary had before giuen this title to because that his Grandmother was the Daughter and heire of Iohn Neuill Marquisse of Mountague Shee made him Knight of the Garter and sent him to Rome in the behalfe of the whole kingdome to yeeld obedience to that See Queene Elizabeth hauing had experience of this mans loyalty esteemed very well of him although he were a Romance Catholike shee came moreouer and visited him for shee well knew that he was borne and bred in that religion which hee professed and not embraced it as many did onely to further a faction and him Anthony Nephew to his sonne succeeded There died also Henry Lord Scroope of Bolton Knight of the Garter and President of the westerne parts of the Borders of Scotland hauing left Thomas his sonne by Marquisse Howard the sister of Thomas the laâ—â— Duke of Norfolke his successor Neither to bee passed ouer in silence is the death of Christopher Wray Lord Chiefe Iustice of the Kings Bench a man of great wisdome and skill in the Law one of sincerity and as great constancy hee had much issue but more credit in Magdalene Colledge in Cambridge of which he well deserued whom â—opâ—am the Attourney a man of much noted seuerity succeeded THE SIXE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1593. IN February this yeare the Peeres of the Kingdome assembled in Parliament at Westminster where they enacted lawes about the restraining of Schismaticks and Papists that would not goe to Church and also enticed others not to goe too also about possessions of Monasteries entailed vpon Henry the eight about relieuing Souldiers and Marriners and about not building within three miles of London and many other matters And when they had weightily considered for I speake out of the Acts of Parliament with what resolute malice the enemy raged against Englands ouerthrow and the Confederates in France to ceaze the Low Countries or Scotland or to surprize any conuenient place for inuading England they adiudged it fit to grant some Subsidies to repell these dangers Wherefore acknowledging and magnifying the heroicke princely minde of their Princesse together with her prouident care and especiall affection to her people that had so happily waged warre against her enemy and to that end she continually exhausted the wealth of her Treasure and neuer offered to burden the poore comminalty with taxations and that not onely in defence of her owne Kindgome but also in easing and relieuing her confederates according to these words and her promise The Clergie granted two entire Subsidies and the Laity three and six Fifteenes and Tenths to be paid at a time with a willing and obedient minde But yet with submission petitioning that since these things were so assigned ouer to Posterity in publike Records that in expresse words there should be this caution added that these so great and the like neuer before heard-of Subsidies being granted vnto so good a Princesse vpon so extraordinary occasions should neuer be made an example for hereafter The Queene being present the last day of the Parliament that by her consent she might giue life to these Lawes to make them of force
warlike munitions which they were a transporting into Spaine against England whereas this was not lawfull for them to do euen by the best vertue of their Priuiledges That moreouer it was publikely defended through their Citiâ—s that they should not doe so except they would be esteemed as enemies to England Thâ—t their ships were dismissed and that nothing was detained but their Munition and warlike prouisiâ—n which was lawfull for her to doe by the law of Armes And concerning Monopolies that the Germans themselues haue testified in open writings that the manner of the English traffique with them is farre from Monopolie And that therefore she did hope that the Emperiall Edict which was by them obtained to forbid English traffique would be suspended especially sinâ—e that the States of the Empire could not be well enformed of the priuiledges belonging to the Lawes and Rights of the Realme of England whiâ—h being an absolute Kingdome acknowledgeth no Superiour Yet in the middest of all these there was great store of Corne brougâ—t in by them into England after that they had licence to bring in without custom which much eased the penâ—ry the land was almost drouen to which by reason of conâ—inuall raine spoyling that which would haue grown and daily priuate transportation of that which was growne did so languish that some of the poorer sort began to mutinie About this time died Philip Howard Earle of Arundell in the Tower of London who had felt the mercifull iustice of the Queene who did so punish his fault that yet she spared his life euer since hee was condemned in 1589. since which time he wholly gaue himselfe ouer to sacred meditations and being bound thereto by the institution of his streight and seuere religion almost pined himselfe to death hauing left onely Thomas his Sonne by Anna Parre Gilleâ—â—and About this time also departed William Lord Vaulx one no lesse deuote to the Roman Religion to whom succeeded Edward his Nephew by his Sonne and Elizabeth Roper Also Thomas Heneage seruant to the Queene euen from his youth first Treasurer of her Bed-Chamber then Sub-Chamberlaine and Chancellor of the Duâ—chy of Lancaster a man borne for the Court hauing left one Daughter which encreased the family of the Finches both with wealth and children Towards the latter end of the yeare William Whitaker died a famous Diuine for learning and life he was Regius Professor in Diuinty at Cambridge for 15. yeares and President of St. Iohns Colledge in Cambridge Hauing much impouerished his weake body by continuall study euen at that time when the question was so riâ—e among the Diuines whether a true and iustifying faith may be lost he was freed from this body of flesh and lost his life hauing left behinde him the desire and the loue of the present times and the enuie of posterity that cannot bring forth his paralell In the same moneth Sir Roger Williams a Welchâ—man departed this life also being of the Family of Pen-rose in Munmouth shire First he was a hireling vnder the Duke of Alba afterwards hauing run through all the degrees of Military offices he might haue bin sided with the best of our times if his discretion could haue but well tempered his hot furious valour In this certainly he out went many that being vnlearned and onely tutor'd by experience hee penned the History of the Low Countrey warres with very exquisite iudgement at which indeed he himselfe was present Besides he defended the Military Art of these dayes against that of the former dayes in an excellent Booke but to the great enuie and discontent of some old-beaten Souldiers and other louers of Archery The Earle of Essex and all the warlike men of the City mourned at his Funerall in Pauls Shortly after died Sir Thomas Morgan his kinsman somewhat ancienter of the old house of the Morgans of Pencarn in the same Shire borne he being nourished vp in warlike affaires got the loue of all men but especially of the Queen to whom he exhibited and gaue vp the assignment of an yearly pension of great value proffered by the Spaniard if he would turne to his side onely being content with a small part thereof In the meane time Russell Lord Deputy of Ireland foreseeing that the passages of the last yeare would breed a dolefull warre in which they were likely to end dealt with his friends here in England that some choise fellow and warlike Souldiers might be sent ouer who might helpe him with their paines and counsell and he earnestly wished that Baskeruile might be the man although he named none But he was sent whom he little expected euen Sir Iohn Norris a man very well skilled in Martiall discipline valiant against any danger and very famous for that which he had already done Assoone as Earle Tir-Oen had vnderstood that hee was come with 1300. old trained Souldiers that had beene in seruice both in Britaine in France and in the Low Countries besides a new supply of fresh Souldiers adioyned to them and besides that all these English forces were intended to march towards Ballishonon and Belicke two Castles at the end of the Lake Earne hee being somewhat guilty in his owne conscience sodainly assaulted the Fortresse at Blacke-water by which was a passage into the Countie of Tir-Oen and he as easily tooke it as he eagerly assaulted it Sir Edward Cornwall the Gouernour thereof being negligently absent And in almost the very same minute through the vnconstancy of his vnsetled minde on the one side he sends Letters to the Earle of Kildare wherein he proffers his assistance against the iniuries of the Ministers of the Deputy On the otherside to the Earle of Ormond Sir Henry Wallop Treasurer of the Army he promiseth to continue still in his loyalty And in Letters sent to Sir Iohn Norris he intreats him to deale fauourably with him and not cause him vnwillingly to breake his faith and loyalty But Marshall Bagnall surprised these Letters which turned to his further harme as the Earle afterwards complained For presently after in the moneth of Iuly he is proclaimed by Proclamation both in Irish and in English an enemy to his Countrey and a Traytour vnder the name of Hugh O Neale Sonne of Mathew Fadareâ—gh that is an Iron-smith the base-borne son of Con O Neale In the Proclamation first was proposed his ingratitude against the Queene who had relieued his pouerty with a yearely pension lifted him vp to the Title of an Earle enriched him with possessions aboue other Irish Earles pardoned him the iniuries done his neighbours and his barbarous crâ—eltie vsed vpon Shan O Neales sonne whom he strangled before hee came euer to â—ryall then is declared how he vsed the rest of his sonnes by keeping them in prison then how perâ—idiously he enticed the Nobles of VIster inâ—â—he company of his rebellion and lastly pardon is promised to all that forsake him and euery man seuerely warned not to furnish
them at their comming home and gaue peculiar thankes to euery particular man of any note but especially to the Earle of Essex and the Admirall whom she highly magnified with her eminent prayses When she had called to minde whome of these braue Souldiers she should make Gouernour of the Hauen of Brill which lay as a caution with her for the payment of the States money for the Lord Sheffeld had voluntarily resigned ouer his place Sr. Francis Vere Colonell of the English vnder the States seemed worthiest thereof And although many of the Nobility stood for the same nay although Essex himselfe opposed him and most of the Nobility thought the place more worthy of some nobler man The Queene that well knew his descent for hee was Nephew to Iohn Vere the fifteenth Earle of Oxford and besides found his valour and loyalty so well approued in that hee had vanquished the Spaniard at Rheinberg that hee had taken the Castles of Littenhouen and Buric and that he had recouered the Fort at Zutphen after due deliberation not onely preferred him in the election before the rest but withall gaue him leaue to keepe his place still amongst the States which many others much desired although she could confesse it was not very fitting to make one Gouernour of a Towne of the States that was pawned to her for the paiment of her money who besides was but an hyreling to the States for his pay This the Earle of Essex who had commended many to the Queene tooke heinously nay very vntowardly not hiding his anger from the simplest iudgements but worst of all when in his absence Sr. Robert Cecill was made Secretary to which office hee had before ordained Sr. Thomas Bodley by reason of his well-tried wisedome in the Low Country affaires and to the purpose had so highly extolled him to the Queene as one most fitting and bitingly calumniated Cecill with odious comparisons In the meane time the Spaniard to repaire the lost glory of Cadiz and to heale those incommodities which since that time daily grew vpon him rigging vp all ships he possibly could furnisheth his Nauy at Lisbone hee furnisheth himselfe with all the forreine ships that lay in the Hauen hee mustereth vp his Forces at Faroll from whence they were to saile into England and Ireland but in their voyage as report hath giuen vs to vnderstand a great tempest arising most of their ships either shipwrackt vpon the rockes or were suncke by the billowes insomuch that the loyall aire seemed to fight in the defence of England and her Queene for she heard of their destruction sooner then their expedition But for all that she fortifies her Castles and Forts by the Sea side at Sandford Portland Hurst Southsey Calshot S. Andrewes and S. Maudite and furnishâ—th them with munition And that her friendship and League with the French against the Spaniard might grow stronger shee strengthened it with these additions ALL former Treaties and confederacies shall be confirmed and continue in their force and vertue vnlesse there whereby they derogate from this present Treatie To this League shall all Princes and States be inuited whom it concernes to be carefull of the Spaniards practise Assone as possibly can be an Army shall be mustered to inuade the Spaniards Neither the K. of France or the Queene of England shall haue any treatise with the Spaniard without both's consent because the Spaniard now besets the Dominions of France that are neerest to the Low Countries the Queene shall send 4000. foot who shall serue the King of France six moneths this yeare in any place that shall not be aboue fiftie miles from Bononia by the Sea side In the next yeare following also if the affaires of England can spare them they shall serue the King as long wherein they shall stand to the assertion and conscience of the Queene When the Irish sedition shall be alayd the King shall stand to the good will of the Queene to haue 4000. sent ouer to him The English shall be vnder the French Kings pay from the time of their arriuall to the time of their departure The Queene shall from time to time supply the want of that number That the Pay-masters shall be the Queenes Seruants and her money euery moneth for which the King shall be bound within six moneths fully for to satisfie her hauing resigned ouer foure Townes If that the King shall stand in need of greater Forces the Queene shal muster them in England and the King shall pay them out of his owne moneyes The English that shall serue the King shall be subiect to the Kings officers and punished by them yet so that the English Captaines also be called by the said officers and sit with them in iudgement If the Queene chance to be inuaded and shall demand aide from the King he within two moneths shall muster vp 4000. foot and send them ouer into England at his owne charges and they shall not be drawen further then fifty miles from the shore and the Queene shall pay them from the time of their arriuall in England The said French Souldiers shall be subiect to the Queenes officers after the aforesaid manner the King shall also continually supply the number The one shall furnish the other with all kind of warlike prouision so long as it preiudiceth not the State The Merchants shall mutually defend each other in either Kingdome The King shall not suffer the English to be troubled in cause of Religion the paiments of the Captaines and Souldiers shall be set downe in a little roll And shortly after there was another Treatie wherein it was agreed that in this yeare onely 2000. English should be sent ouer which serue onely at Bononia and Monstrell vnlesse it chanced that the King was personally present in Picardy c. To the performance of these Couenants the Queene took her oath in the Chappell at Greenewich the 29. of Aâ—gust deliuering them to the hands of Henry de la Tour Duke of Bulloigne Viscount Turene and the Marshall of France the Bishop of Chichester giuing to her the holy Testament and many Noble men encircling her round about In September next William Talbot Earle of Shrewesbury is sent ouer into France vpon an Embassie that the King might make the like oath to him in the roome of the Queene that he might present Anthony Mildmay in the place of Leager in France by reason of the death of Henry Vmpton late Leager there that he might inuest the King with the Order of St. George and shortly after Sir Thomas Baskeruâ—â—e passeth ouer with 2000. foot into Picardy according to their last Couenants Amongst these warlike affaires that some what disquieted the peace of the Land there was also a base sort of people that hauing taken vpon them the authority and badges of the Queens Apparitors wandred vp downe England with falsified Commissions the hands of the Counsell other Delegates in
to the Queene after his rebellion and partly also out of hope of Protections if their purposes failed For now there had beene a most detestable custome very rife in Ireland whereby Rebels and the like malefactors purchased with monies that they had got by preying and robbing their Protection Tir-Oen the better to keepe on foot and nourish this new Reuolt in Mounster sends thither Ouny-Mac-Rory O-go-More and Tirill who though he were an Englishman originally yet he was a great enemy to the very English name and with them he â—ent M. villaines and robbers Against these came Thomas Norris as farre as Kilmaâ—ocke with an army strong enough to encounter them But when he perceiued that the very Irish that marched vnder his banner began to thinke of reuolting from him and that the new Farmers that came out of England could not furnish him with aboue two hundred and those vnweaponed hauing dispersed his Forces he betakes himselfe to Corke The Rebels all this while hauing their number encreased with continuall concourse by the priuiledge of being wicked lay wast all the ground about them prey euery where and set fire on all the English Castles and houses they could killing the owners most cruelly and ordinarily which they could not haue done if so be that they that hired those grounds had sent out their Farmers furnished and in that number as by their Couenants they ought to haue done The pride and vaine-glory of the Rebels thriuing along with their good successes brought them to such a passe that they themselues declared that Iames Fitz. Thomas one of the Family of the Earles of Desmond but a most filthy fellow Earle of Desmond but yet so that he be tributary to O-Neale that is the Earle of Tir-Oen And Tir-Oen for his part he trumpets out the glory of his fortune throughout all Spaine by his boasting Letters withall beseeching the Spaniard to giue no credit to it if he should chance to heare that he sought after a peace with England for certainly hee would stop his eares against all conditions thereof were they neuer so reasonable And yet in the meane time his dissembling was so palpable that he sent both Letters and Messengers to the Lieutenant to deale about his submission although therein hee asked most vnreasonable demands First of all to represse this his insolency Richard Bingham seemed best and fittest who had beene valiant and as fortunate against these Rebels heretore But being remoued from his President ship of Conaugh by reason of his Prouincials complaint of his too great seuerity and recalled to England he was thence committed to prison And now againe from thence was he sent backe againe with great honour and authority and the Title of Marshall of Ireland and Generall of Leinster But euen as soone almost as he arriued at Dublin he died Hee was a man of a famous house and an ancient in Dorset-shire but more famous was he for his Military honours and atchieuments for he was a Souldier at S. Quintins in Britaine in France at Leith in the Islands Hebrides in Scotland at the Island Candy at Chry against the Turke in France in the Low Countries besides what we haue heretofore said of him in Ireland THE TVVO AND Fortieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1599. ANd now Ireland was somewhat in a lamentable case for almost all the whole Nation had beene infected with this rebellion Some by reason of the iniuries done them by them that lay in Garrison Some by reason of feare of the aduerse party which was the strongest Some by reason of the prosperous successe of the rebellion Some perswaded thereto by the Priests and others drawen thereto by a scandalous rumour scattered euery where by the Arch-Rebell that the Queene had determined vtterly to vanquish and root out the memory of the Irish Nation In England now was there great consultation who would be fittest to bee sent ouer to represse and extinguish this fire The Queene and most of the Councell cast there eyes vpon Charles Blunt Lord Montioy But Essex closely gaue them to know that hee was of no experience that way onely but that he had beene a Captaine in Holland and Britaine that he had not meanes enough nor clients good store and that he was giuen too much to studie Said that they ought to send one ouer thither who was of great honour and as great wealth beloued of Souldiers and one that had beene a Generall heretofore and as much as if he had said they should doe well to send him ouer For the Queene easily perceiued it and resolued to make him Generall of her 〈◊〉 Ireland But yet hee would seeme in a manner to refuse it willing that so difficult an authoritie should bee rather bestowed on any one and yet if any man else had beene but nominated hee would haue quickely layeâ— some rub in his way To conclude the Earle bare himselfe so in this matter that his enemies easily perceiued that he desâ—red nothing more then the command of the armie that thereby he might vnite to himselfe the hearts of all the Souldiers and this he went about withall so strangely that some feared a monster would bee bred in his braine especially since the greater was the Queens beneficence the greater would be his arrogance Besides all this his Pages and followers would boast of great matters vp and downe viz. That hee descended from the family of the Kings of Scotland by the eldest daughter of 〈…〉 Neither were they contented to extoll the glorie of his pedegree but also euerie one exceedingly praised in him Religion Valour and Wisdome These things some in the Court that desired his roome more then his company aggrauated so much that they put spurres to him that run before propounding vnto him glory for euer with posteritie and the loue and good will of the present commonaltie Adiuring him for the great and euerlasting good of this commonwealth to take this hard taske vpon him promising to him very largely all their endeauours and the vtmost of their good wills Others a more craftie kind of his enemies vnder the colour of friendship by greatly extolling him and raising vp great expectation of him did the more vehemently as more secretly practise their old hatred and enuy against him well knowing that the fiercenesse of his youth would quickly runne it selfe to destruction and considering that there was to shew no better way of quite ouerthrowing his great popularitie and loue of the people then by putting him vpon a businesse which hee would not be able to goe through withall Indeed what need many words Hee although a man of a most perspicuous and quicksighted capacitie yet either perceiued it not or would not For first in the conceit of his followers and then in his owne also hee seemed able to go through the difficultest matters that were Hereupon to the great and publike ioy of all the people he was
of note wisheth it imputed to the fault of his memory not of his will The next day Sir Robert Vernon Sir William Constable Sir Edmund Baynham Iohn Littleton Henry Guffe Secretary to the E. of Essex and Cap. Whitlocke Iohn and Christopher Wright brothers and Orell an old Souldier were all arraigned Assoone as after the fashion they had held vp their hands the Queenes Letters came in who being informed by Sir Fulke Greuill that most of them were deceitfully enticed to this villany commanded that onely Littleton being sicke Bainham who ran headlong vpon the matter out of wantonnesse and contempt of the Magistrates and Orell should come to triall the rest she willed to be sent backe to prison againe Bainham and Orell pleaded ignorance in that they onely followed the Earle to testifie their obseruancy But Littleton being cast by the witnesse of Danuers who had brought him into the company could not denie but that he was there at their consultation Then in his accusation being accused of thinking some villany and sedition by reason of some Horses and Armour that he had in his Inne hee answered that his meanes would allow him to doe it and that he alwaies loued horses well Being condemned with the rest he said nothing but lifting vp his eies to Heauen Wee praise thee O God we knowledge thee to be the Lord. But yet all their liues were spared Bainham bought his of Rawleigh for money Littleton died very shortly by reason of his sicknesse Orell onely continued some time in prison The E. of Essex in the mean time whether or no out of his tender conscience voluntary or whether or no he were councelled into a conscience by the Minister that was with him was so molested that he was perswaded he should be vtterly damned if he concealed any of the truth and betrayed not all the conspirators Wherefore he requested to speake vnto some of the Councell and particularly Cecill who came to him with the Admirall Treasurer and Lord Keeper And first he asketh forgiuenesse of the Lord Keeper for keeping him in hold at his House and then of Cecill for traducing him in the case of the Infanta So that on both sides there was made a charitable and christian reconciliation And then he intimates vnto them that as long as he liued the Queene could not be safe Wherefore he desired to die priuately within the Tower Then he greatly condemneth some of his partakers in this matter for pernicious men viz. Blunt and Cuffe whom he desired to speake with And assoone as he saw Cuffe hee said O Cuffe aske God and the Queene pardon God grant thou maiest deserue it I am now wholly thinking vpon a better life hauing resolued to deale plainly before God and men neither can I choose but deale plainly with thee thou wert the first that brought'st me to this treachery Cuffe being examined vpon these words in some few words had a fling only at Essexes inconstancy for betraying his friends and then held his tongue Likewise Essex reueales Sir Henry Neuill not to be ignorant of this conspiracy who was now Leager in France and who thereupon returning about the confirming of the Treaty at Bloys and forbidding robberies on either side was at his returne committed to the Lord Admirals custody Likewise he reuealed some in Scotland France and the Low Countries and Lord Deputy Montioy in Ireland as no strangers to his resolution and besides many in England whom because they were so many and because the Deputy prospered so fortunately in Ireland the Queene tooke no notice of Neither was it sufficient enough for him as hee thought to declare these by word of mouth but also vnder his owne hand-writing which being afterwards shewed to the King of Scotland by his enemies lost him much of his credit The 25. of February which was allotted the time of his death there were sent vnto him early in the morning Thomas Montford and William Barlowe Doctors of Diuinity besides Ashton the Minister to confirme and strengthen his soule in her assurance of saluation The Earle before these gaue the Lord great thankes from the bottome of his heart that his purpose that was so dangerous to the Common-wealth tooke no effect That now God had enlightened him to see his sinnes it being to him a great cause now of his sorrow that he had so strongly defended his so vniust a cause Then he gaue hearty thankes to the Queene that she suffered him not to die publikely leâ—t that by the acclamation and noyse of the people his setled minde might haue beene drawne from it's resolution withall witnessing vnto them that now he had well learned what popularity and affectation of it were confessing that he ought indeed now to be spewed out for that was his word out of the Common-wealth by reason of his pernicious vndertakings which he compared to a Leprosie that had dispersed farre and neere and had infected many The Queene by reason of her good will alwaies to him somewhat now mooued in mind commanded that he should not die by Sir Edward Cary. But then on the other side weighing his contumacy and stubbornnesse that scorned to aske her pardon and that he had said that as long as he liued the Queene could not liue in safety she altered her resolution and by Darcy commanded the execution to proceed Wherefore on the same day was the Earle brought out betweene two Diuines vpon the scaffold in the Tower-yard where sate the Earles of Cumberland and Hartford Viscount Howard of Bindon the Lords Howard of Walden Darcy of Chile and Compton There were also present some of the Aldermen of London and some Knights and Sir Walter Rawleigh to no other end if we may beleeue him then to answere him if at his death he should chance to obiect any thing to him although many interpreted his being there to a worser sence as though he had done it onely to feed his eyes with his torments and to glut his hate with the Earles bloud wherefore being admonished that hee should not presse on him now he was dying which was the property of base wâ—â—de beasts he withdrew himselfe and looked out vpon him at the Armoury The Earle assoone as he had mounted the scaffold vncouereth his head lifting vp his eyes to Heauen confesseth that many grieuous were the sins of his youth for which he earnestly begged pardon of the eternall Maiesty of God through the mediation of Christ but especially for this his sinne which hee said was a bloudy crying and contagious sinne whereby so many men being seduced sinned both against God and their Prince Then he entreated the Queene to pardon him wishing her a long life and all prosperity Protesting he neuer meant ill towards Her He gaue God hearty thankes that he neuer was an Atheist or Papist but that alwaies he put his trust in Christs merits He beseâ—ched God to strengthen him against the terrours of
he should not want prouision about Iuly next arriued at Ostend ouer against the old Towne at a place euen within shot where he had scarce no sooner gotten then Cecill a braue expert Souldier euen in this very first act of his Chiualry almost brought him both prouision and the rest of his Companies although with as great hazard indeed as valour This same Ostend which in our forefathers memory was nothing but poore Cottages of silly fishermen that liued on the sea shore by reason of continual tumults insurrections was at first fortified by the States with stakes and piles but afterwards with trenches and other workes which the Sea entring into the Towne a pretty way did easily affoord them matter for At length there was an English Garrison plac'd there vnder the conduct of Sir Iohn Conway and afterwards vnder Sir Edward Norris which vpon occasion did so molest Flanders with their diuers excursions that both the Duke of Parma in vaine laid siege to it to tame it a little and Mottee also in vaine assaulted it by treachery although he lost his life at the businesse and the Arch-Duke himselfe as much in vaine although hee erected about it seuenteene strong Forts These Garrisons therefore being as thornes in the sides of those of Flanders and the Hauen where they were placed to wit Ostend â—eeming to the Spaniard a most commodious place for his Gallies to retire into from whence hee might hinder the traffique both of the Zelanders and the English made the King of Spaine absolutely resolue one way or other to assault and get it to himselfe and indeed the States were as carefull to defend and still maintaine it neither was there euer any assault and defence of a Fort in our age so memorable and so full of ouerthrowes and slaughters But it is not my resolution to weaue together an Ephemerides or a remembrancer of the siege euery day after day it shall be enough for me only to note and obserue some passages therein Sir Francis Vere in the fifth moneth of this siege seeing his forces much to be diminished by the continuall eruptions of the enemie vpon them and skirmishes and the pestilence worse then both seeing also that part of the olde Towne was swallowed vp as it were in Fordes considering also the want of Victuals which daily encreased redresse whereof he could not hope for by reason of crosse windes which denied him hope of succour and now vnderstanding that the enemy was ready to assault them on euery side hee required a parly with the Arch-Duke about surrendring and hauing giuen hostages on both sides the Arch-Duke sent Delegates thither to the same purpose But Vere by his continuall delaying time cunningly nurst them on with hopes of yeelding till such time as he had auxiliary Forces sent ouer to him and then sent backe the Delegates without doing any thing concerning yeelding excusing himselfe out of that Military axiome THat to delude the enemy by trickes is not onely lawfull but also commodious and sometimes very fruitfull And wittily byâ—ing in a scoffing sort he did entreat them to pardon him if by reason of vrgent necessity he should do so againe since that with the safety of his honour he could doe no otherwise by reason that now he had receiued aide and other necessaries for the warre The Arch-Duke being hereupon sorely vexed cast in Veres teeth that he knew better how to ouercome by deceit then by valour and the 14. day after hee thundered vpon the Fortresses before the walls with 18. great pieces of Ordinance about the euening the Sea ouerflowing hee droue out 2000. olde trained Souldiers against their wills to set vpon the olde Towne the Horsemen following them close at the backe But Generall Vere and Sir Horatio his brother who with a choice Band was euery where as occasion serued droue them backe thrice very valiantly They that set vpon the Easterne part being it was somewhat late before they began in seasonable time and yet not without some damage retired backe againe by reason the Tide came vioâ—ently in vpon them They that were allotted to assault Helmont and Erinace the two Fortresses and the trench of the English easily tooke them by reason that the Souldiers were called forth from thence to defend other places two thousand of them being sent to the Westerne arme of the Sea which they call Gullet did presently take Semilunula which was forsaken from whence they were driuen out againe presently many of them being lost whilest they fled confusedly for feare the water should rise and hemme them in Nine great pieces of Ordnance placed against the West gate thundering forth not single Bullets but chained together like a tempest and sometimes Lead and Iron tooles did so ouercome the Assaulters of the West gate and the Sand hill that they receiued a very miserable ouerthrow and in the middest of the assault the Sea comming in vpon them and the Scouts shewing themselues they were so affrighted that casting away their Armes Ladders and draw bridges they gaue themselues ouer either to the slaughter of the Garrisoners that sallied out vpon them or the fury of the Sea that followed closevpon them The Arch-Duke not a whit amazed with this losse of his men lay very hard still at the siege although with very small hope of obtaining his desires by reason that he could not hinder prouision nor new supplies of Souldiers which daily came in neither could he find any place for vndermining there being so many Fortresses placed euery where And now Sir Francis Vere hauing repaired the breaches that were made being recalled by the States who euery fiue moneths adiudgâ—d it fit to send a new Gouernour and fresh Souldiers resigned his place to Fredericke Dorpe who euen as all his Successours for three whole yeares and about a hundred dayes valiantly and laboriously more defended himselfe against the furious assaults of the Seas then the enemies who but a little molested him Certainly happy had it beene with that warlike Nation if so be that the Sea had vtterly swallowed it vp for whilest the most warlike Souldiers of the Low Countries Spaine England France Scotland and Italy contended for a barren piece of Sand it became their common Sepulchre although to their eternall honour But these things belong properly to the writers of the Low Country affaires but yet it may belong to vs to know and remember those worthy Englishmen that died there the chiefest among them were the Veres Brothers Sir Edward Cecill Sir Iohn Ogle Sir Charles Fairfax Coronell Lawrence Dutton and Coronell Drake Carpenter Serieant Maior Captaine Holcroft Galfred Dutton Greuill Wilford Humphreyes Drake Broughton Herbert Frost Madeson Gerard Butler Rogers and Dennis Connigraue Neither let vs forget the valour of Iohn Carew a Cornish young man who hauing his arme burst off by the force of a great piece of Ordnance and shot a good way from him with an vndaunted minde all his
to be hanged ibid. he is recalled ouer into England 117 Fitz-Thomas created Earle of Desmond 255 Flemmings Leader of the Horse in Ireland 232. his valour 356 Flemming the Queenes Attourney his accusation of Danuers 329 A Fleet sent to Spaine 10. to Cadiz 156. to the Islands of Azores 178. to the East Indies 58. to the Magellan streights 59. to Guiana 129. to the Spanish coasts vnder Leuison 361 Another Fleet sent to America vnder Sir W. Rawleigh 72 Fletcher Bishop of London the Queen discontented with him and wherefore 175. he dieth ibid. Flores the Island yeelds to the Earle of Essex 183 Flushing in Holland tearmed by King Philip one of the Keyes of the Spanish Empire 225 Folliot a Commander in Ireland 355. he is sent home by the Deputy 376. but first made Gouernour of Ballashanon ibid. Fonseca one of the Spaniards priuie Councell and his Embassadour in the Low Countries delâ—gated at the Treaty of Bullen 272 Forts in Ireland Blackwater besieged 232. yeelded to the Rebels 233. at Moghery 348. and Fort Montioy erected in Ireland 376. Fort Charlemont 375. Fort Mont-Norris 259 Fortescue Master of the Ward-robe to the Queene 27. a good Graecian and Tutor to the Queene ibid. Delegated to heare the cause of Sir Iohn Perot 67. Delegated againe for the Queene about making new couenants with the States 223 Fourbisher hath part of the Nauy committed to him by Rawleigh 72. he expects Generall Norris in the Bay with ten Englishmen of warre 108. shot thorow the Hip with a Bullet 109. dyeth at Plimmouth ibid. France in great troubles 18. it was to descend to the King of Nauarre but the Catholique Princes would exclude him because he was a Protestant 19. the holy League in France ibid. Henry the third of France slaine 21. the Duke of Maine declared Lieutenant Generall of the Crowne and State of France 22. her priority before Spaine 272. why not in the Councell of Trent ibid. Francis the first of France incorporated the Dutchy of Britaine to the Crowne of France 35 French Law that whatsoeuer is once annexed to the Crowne of France can neuer be dismembred from it 35 Fredericke Spinola Leader of some Gallies into Flanders 252 Fuentes dealeth with Lopez and Ferreira and Lowise about poysoning the Queene 104 G GAdiz tearmed by King Philip one of the Keyes of the Spanish Empire 225. the expedition of the English thither 156. they enter the Towne 162. their victory and spoiles 163 Gallies at their first making caused great admiration 252. the Queene also makes her some 41 Gardiner Lord chiefe Iustice of Ireland 200 Gates knighted at the expedition to Gadiz 164 Garnet superiour of the Iesuites in England 368 Garnsey Island fortified by the Queene 91 Gaueloc the base sonne of Shan-O-Neale strangled by Tir-Oen himselfe 40. the reason ibid. Gaunt Duke of Lancaster his expedition into Spaine dangerous and hurtfull to the English 17 Geneua succoured by the Queene 374. the Commons liberality in contribution and the Clergies ibid. Gemeticensis cited against the Booke of Doleman 101 Gerard a Knight witnesse against the Earle of Arundell 9. the custody of the Isle of Man committed to him 115. and why ibid. two ships St. Andrew and St. Philip preserued by his care 161 Gertrudenbergh deliuered vp to the Spaniard by the English Garrison 11. at which the States are angry with Sir Iohn Wingfield the gouernour of it ibid. Gill. Mericke knighted at Gadez voyage 164 Gifford knighted at the expedition to Gadez ibid. Giffard a Diuine an English fugitiue 106 Gilbert knighted at Gadez voyage 164 Gilpin succeedeth Sir Thomas Edmonds in Councell for the States 224 Godolphin sent to Don Ivan D'Aquila about his yeelding 357 Gorge sets the Councellors of the Queene at liberty 307. a report that he discouered all to Rawleigh 304 Gordon of Achindon subscribes to Blanks sent into Spaine 67 Gowries brothers their treason against the K. of Scots 286 Goodman Deane of Westminster 223. ouer-seer of the Lord Burghley's Will ibid. Glanuile a Port nominated for the English by the French King 44 Glamise surprized by the Earle Huntley 2. he is afterwards dismissed 3 Glanemire Castle yeelded to the English 269 Greenuil Captaine of the Reare-Admirall 56. he is assaulted ibid. grieuously wounded 57. he is sent into the Spanish Admirall where within two daies he dies 57 A Gloue sent to Hawkins vpon which he yeelds 111 Gourney taken by Essex and Birone 47 Graham Fentreé a fauourer of the Spanish party punished 100 Gratiosa yeelds to the Earle of Essex 183 Gratley a Priest Letters of his produced 6. he reconcileth the Earle of Arundel to the Romish Church ibid. Graue a Master of a ship 183 Greames his valour in the Irish warres 269. he certifieth the Deputy of the enemies approach 355 Lord Grey one of the Earle of Arundels Peeres 4 Grey knighted at the expedition to Gadez 164 Grey of Wilton an enemy to the Earle of Essex 245 Gauran a Priest accompanies Mac-Guire in his rebellion 93. he is made by the Pope Primate of Ireland 94. he is slaine ibid. Greuill helpes to besiege Essex house 308. he informes the Queene of many that were ignorantly lead into danger by the Earle of Essex 322 Greene-Castle reuolts from the Queene 197 Gregory the thirteenth Bishop of Rome leauieth an Armie vnder the Duke Mont-Martin against the K. of France 44 Groining desireth the Queene to be their Protectrix she being loth to distast the States of the Low Countries will not receiue that honour 32 Groine assaulted by the English 11. they take the base towne 12. they assault the high towne in vaine and depart 13 Guerch surrendred vp to the English 85 Guise his valour shewen at Poitiers 19. he is called the Hammer of the Protestants ibid. vpon his entry at Paris the King was faine to retire to Bloys 20. where shortly after he caused the Duke of Guise to be slaine ibid. Guiana Rawleighs voyage thither 129 H HAdington in Scotland the battle there 39 Hacket his education 49. his reuelation ibid. his disciples 50. his hatred to the Queene 51. he sends his disciples abroad 52. he is apprehended and condemned 53. his blasphemy at the time of his execution 54 Hamet King of Morocco promiseth assistance to Antonio to recouer Portugall 11. but sends none 15 Hagan comes to the Earle of Essex for a parley with Tir-Oen 241. the second time also ibid. Hanse-Townes threescore of their Hulkes taken by the English 16. they complaine thereof to the Queene 17. their priuiledge granted by King Edward the first how to be vnderstood and what clause was in it 18. they complaine to the Emperour of Germany concerning the English that breake their Customes and priuiledges 137. the Queene satisfies the Emperour in that matter by Perkins ibid. notwithstanding they cease not complaining 190. they cause the Emperour by Proclamation to forbid all Merchants traffiques in Germany 191. the Queene dealeth in vaine to suspend this Edict ibid. Wherefore she also