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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33387	His Majesties propriety and dominion on the Brittish seas asserted together with a true account of the Neatherlanders insupportable insolencies and injuries they have committed, and the inestimable benefits they have gained in their fishing on the English seas : as also their prodigious and horrid cruelties in the East and West-Indies, and other places : to which is added an exact mapp, containing the isles of Great Brittain and Ireland, with the several coastings, and the adjacent parts of our neighbours / by an experienced hand.	Codrington, Robert, 1601-1665.; Clavell, Robert, d. 1711.	1665 (1665)	Wing C4602; ESTC R3773	67,265	198

time of Richard the Second Hugh Calverley was made Admiral of the Sea saith the same Author and the Universal Custody of the Sea was committed by our Kings to the High Admirals of England And that the Dominion of the Seas is properly in the Power and Jurisdiction of the King may appear by those Tributes and Customes that were Imposed and Payed for the Guard and Protection of them The Tribute called the Danegeld was paid in the Time of the English Saxons which amounted to four shillings upon every Hide of Land for the defending of the Dominion by Sea Roger Houerden affirmeth that this was paid until the Time of King Stephen Afterwards Subsidies have been demanded of the People in Parliament upon the same Account and in the Parliament-Records of King Richard the Second it is Observable That a Custome was imposed upon every Ship that passed through the Northern Admiralty that is from the Thames along the Eastern Shoare of England towards the North-East for the Maintenance of a Guard for the Seas Neither was this Imposed onely upon the English but also upon the Ships of Forreigners payment was made at the Rate of six pence a Tun upon every Vessell that passed by such Ships only excepted that brought Merchandize out of Flanders into London If a Vessel were imployed to Fish for Herrings it payed the Rate of Six pence a week upon every Tun If for other kind of Fish so much was to be payed every three weeks as they who brought Coles to London from New-Castle paid it every three Moneths But if a Vessel were bound North-wards to Prussia Scone or Norway or any of the Neighbouring Countries it payed a particular Custome according to the Weight and Proportion of the Freight And if any were unwilling it was Lawful to Compel them to pay In this Place we shall give you the Copy of the usual form of a Commission whereby the High Admiral of England is Invested with Authority for the Guard of the Sea it runneth in these Words VVE Give and Grant to N. the Office of our Great Admiral of England Ireland Wales and of the Dominions and Islands belonging to the same also of our Town of Calais and our Marches thereof Normandy Acquitayn and Gascoign and we have Made Appointed and Ordained And by these Presents we Make Appoint and Ordain ●im the said N. our Admiral of England Ireland and Wales and our Dominions and Isles of the same our Town of Calais and our Marches thereof Normandy Gascoign and Aquitayn as also General Governour over all our Fleets and SEAS of our said Kingdomes of England and Ireland and our Dominions and Islands belonging to the same And know ye further that we of our especial Grace and upon certain Knowledge do Give and Grant to the said N our Great Admiral of England and Governour General over our Fleets and Seas aforesaid all manner of Iurisdictions Authorities Liberties Offices Fees Profits Duties Emoluments Wracks of the Sea cast Goods Regards Advantages Commodities Preheminences Priviledges whatsoever to the said Officer our Great Admiral of England and Ireland and of the other Places and Dominions aforesaid in any manner Whatsoever Belonging or Appertaining Thus we see we have a continual Possession or Dominion of the Kings of England by Sea pointed out in very Expresse Words for very many years We may add to this that it can be proved by words plain enough in the form of the Commissions for the Command of High Admiral of England that the Sea for whose Defence he was appointed by the King of England who is Lord and Sovereign of it was ever bounded towards the South by the Shores of Aquitain Normandy and Picardy for although those Countries sometimes in the Possession of the English are now lost and for many years under the Jurisdiction of the French yet the whole Sea Flowing betwixt our Brittish Isles and the Provinces over against them are by a Peculiar Dominion and Right of the King of England on those Seas subject unto them whom he puts in Command over the English Fleet and Coasts that there remaineth neither Place nor Use for any other Commanders of that kinde And as for the Islands of Gernesey Jersey and the rest Mr. Selden affirmeth that before a Court of Delegats in France in expresse terms it hath been acknowledged that the King of England hath ever been Lord not onely of this Sea but also of the Islands placed therein Par raison du Royalmed ' Angleterre upon the Account of the Realm of England or as they were Kings of England And in the Treaty held at Charters when Edward the Third Renounced his Claim to Normandy and some other Counties of France that bordered upon the Sea it was added that no Controversie should remain touching the Islands but that he should hold all Islands whatsoever which he Possessed at that time whither they lay before those Countries y t he held there or others For Reason required this that he should maintain his Dominion by Sea And both Gernesey and Jersey as well as the Isles of Wight and Man in several Treaties held betwixt the Kings of England and other Princes are acknowledged not onely to lye neer unto the Kingdome of England but to belong unto it But to give a greater Light to this Truth we may from several Records produce many Testimonies that the Kings of England have given leave unto to Forreigners upon Request to passe through their Seas he gave permission to Ferrando Vrtis de Sarachione a Spaniard to Sail freely from the Port of London through his Kingdomes Dominions and Jurisdiction to the Town of Rochel There are Innumerable Letters of safe Conducts in the Records especially of Henry the Fifth and Sixth whereby safe Port and Passage was usually granted And it is worthy of observation that these kinde of Letters was usually superscribed and directed by those Kings to their Governours of the Sea-Admirals Vice-Admirals and Sea-Captains And to clear all at once the Kings of England have such an absolute Dominion in the English Seas that they have called the Sea it self their Admiralty And this we finde in a Commission of King Edward the Third The Title whereof is De Navibus Arrestandis Capiendis For the Arresting and Seizing of Ships The Form of it runs in these Words The King to his beloved Thomas de Wenlock his Serjeant at Armes and Lievtenant To our Beloved and Trusty Reginald de Cobham Admiral of our Fleet of Ships from the mouth of the River of Thames towards the Western parts Greeting Be it known unto you that we have appointed you with all the speed that may be used by you and such as shall be Deputed by you to Arrest and Seize all Ships Flie-Boats Barks and Burges of ten Tun burthen and upwards which may happen to be found in my foresaid ADMIRALTY that is in the Sea reaching from the Thames Mouth towards the South and West and

Inlargement and to restore him again to His Princely Favour We might in the next place alledge De Ruyters leaving the English Fleet when with United Councils and Forces they were to Act against their Common Enemies the Pyrats and Barharians in the Midland-Seas We may alledge their Instructions this last year given to Van Campen at what time His Majesty entertained not any open War against them which Instructions was in down-right Terms To Attach and Fall upon His Majesties Subjects in the West-Indies and to carve out their own Satisfaction and Reparation And if this be not Affront enough to provoke His Majesty to maintain the Justice of His Cause by the Force of Armes we leave to the World and to His Enemies themselves to Judge and surely that Sword is to be feared which striketh with the Hand of Justice FINIS The LOYAL MARTYROLOGY Or brief Catalogues and Characters of the ●ost of Eminent Persons who suffered for their Conscience 〈…〉 of Rebellion either by Death Imprisonment Banishment or Sequestration Together with those who were Slain in the King's Service As also Dregs of Treachery With the Catalogue and Characters of those Regicides c. And are to be sold by Edward Thomas at the Adam and Eve in Little Brittain 1665. Vide Doctor Dee his Brittish Monarchy pa. 44. Lyren ad ●umer 34. Dion lib 36. Chron. Canon p. 128. Florus lib. 2. cap. 6. Aristo Polit lib. 7. cap. 6. Strabo Geograp lib. 1. Seneca Ep. 39. Luke 5. 1. Forcus in cap. Juris cap. 9. Seld. Mar● Clausum 158. De Bello Gallico lib. 9. Zosimus Hist lib. 6. Bede De Natura Rerum cap. 28. M ● In Bibleothecâ Cottonianâ Hunting lib. 5. Guil. Malmesb lib. 2. cap. 8. Rot. Pat. 48. Hen. 3. 22. Edw. 1. 2. Rich. 2. Annal. 1. part page 276. Rot. Parl. 2 Rich. 2. part 2. Act 38. Seld. Mare Clausum page 334. Rot. Fran. 5 Hen. 4. Rot. Fran. 38 Hen. 6. Rot. Patent 23. Edvar Rot. Scotia 10. Edvar Rot. Parli 46. Edv. 3. Rot. Parli 8. Hen. 5. Rich. 2. Fitz Herbert Tit. protection 46. Edw. Cook part 5. fol. 108. in Com. ad Littleton Sect. 439. fol. ●60 M ● Commentar de Rebus Admiral fol. 28. Rot. Parl. 31 Edw. 1. Membran 16. Ibidem ut Supra Tilius in Recucil destraictes fol. 4. Rot. Parl. 14. Edvar 2. Membran 26. Cambd. in Insul Britan p. 849. Cambden Annal. Elizab. The Hollanders Insolence Their Imperious fashion of Treating How farr Navigation is to be free The Sea in His Majesties Dominions no more common nor free then is the High-way by Land The Dominion of the Seas appropriated to such and such places ever since the begining of Mankind The Propriety of the Seas according to the Laws of God The Sea not to be without Protection The Sea to be protected by those to whom it doth appertain by Divine Disposition The Power of the Soveraign of the Seas to impose Customes in his own Jurisdiction How the Sea comes into the Dominion of Princes Vide the Venetians Title unto the sole Domin●o● of the Adriatick Sea Hugo Grotius Sylv. lib. 2. Vide the Observations concerning the Affairs of Holland The Hollanders Objections Answered The Impudent Affront of the Hollanders to the late Kings of England Vide Observations concerning the Affairs of Holland Their spoyling of our Trade in Muscovy and other Countries of the East Vide Master Woofes Discourse on the Tyranny of the Dutch upon the English pa. 10. Ibid pa. 12 and 13. Ibidem pa. 18. Ibidem pa. 20. Ibidem p● 42. The English abandoned the Banda Islands and the reason of it Vide The Dutch Tyranny pag. 64. * Vide The Discourse of Sir George Downing

his Majesty is resolved as to do no wrong so to do Justice both to his Subjects and Friends within the limits of his Seas And this is the real and Royal design of this Fleet whereof you may give part as you finde occasion to our good Neighbours in those parts that no Umbrage may be taken of any hostile act or purpose to their prejudice in any kinde So wishing you all health and happiness I rest Your Assured friend and Servant JOHN COOK White-hall 16. April 1635. our style The inestimable Riches and Commodities of the Brittish Seas THe Coasts of Great Brittain do yield such a continual Sea-harvest of gain and benefit to all those that with diligence do labour in the same that no time or season in the year passeth away without some apparent means of profitable imployment especially to such as apply themselves to Fishing which from the beginning of the year unto the latter end continueth upon some pat or other of our Coasts and therein such infinite sholes and multitudes of Fishes are offered to the Takers as may justly move admiration not onely to strangers but to those that daily be imployed among them The Summer-Fishing for Herring beginneth about Midsummer and lasteth some part of August The Winter-Fishing for Herring lasteth from September to the middle of November both which extend in place from Boughones in Scotland to the Thames mouth The Fishing for Cod at Alamby Whirlington and White Haven near the Coast of Lancashire from Easter untill Whitsontide The Fishing for Hake at Aberdenie Abveswhich and other places between Wales and Ireland from Whitsontide to Saint James-tide The Fishing of Cod and Ling about Padstow within the Land and of Severn from Christmas to Mid-lent The Fishing for Cod on the West-part of Ireland frequented by those of Biscay Galicia and Portugal from the beginnig of April untill the end of June The Fishing for Cod and Ling on the North and North-East of Ireland from Christmas until Michaelmas The Fishing for Pilchers on the West coast of England from Saint James-tide until Michaelmas The Fishing for Cod and Ling upon the North-East of England from Easter untill Midsummer The Fishing of great Staple-Ling and many other sorts of Fish lying about the Island of Scotland and in the several parts of the Brittish Seas all the year long In September not many years since upon the Coast of Devonshire near Minigal Five Hundred Tun of Fish were taken in one day And about the same time three thousand pounds worth of Fish in one day were taken at Saint Ives in Cornwall by small Boats and other poor provisions Our five-men-Boats and cobles adventuring in a calm to launch out amongst the Holland Busses not far from Robinhood's Bay returned to Whitbie full fraught with Herrings and reported that they saw some of those Busses take Ten Twenty Twenty four lasts at a draught of Herrings and returned into their own Country with Forty Fifty and an Hundred Lasts of Herrings in one Buss Our Fleet of Colliers not many years since returning from Newcastle laden with Coals about the Well near Flanborough-Head and Scarborough met with such multitudes of Cod Ling and Herring that one amongst the rest with certain ship-hooks and other like instruments drew up as much Cod and Ling in a little space of time as were sold well near for as much as her whole Lading of Cole And many Hundred of ships might have been there laden in two dayes and two nights Out of which wonderfull affluence and abundance of Fish swarming in our Seas that we may the better perceive the infinite gain which Forreign Nations make I will especially insist upon the Fishing of the Hollanders in our Coasts and thereby shew how by this means principally they have increased 1. In Shipping 2. In Mariners 3. In Trade 4. In Towns and Fortifications 5. In Power extern or abroad 6. In publick Revenue 7. In private Wealth 8. In all manner of Provisions and store of things Necessarie 1. Encrease of Shipping BEsides Seven Hundred Strand-Boats Four Hundred Evars and Four Hundred Sullits Drivers and Tod-boats wherewith the Hollanders Fish upon their own Coasts every one of those imploying another Ship to fetch Salt and carry their Fish into other Countries being in all Three Thousand Sayle maintaining and setting on work at least Four Thousand persons Fishers Tradesmen Women and Children They have One Hundred Doyer Boats of One Hundred and Fifty Tuns apiece or there abouts Seven Hundred Pinks and Well-Boats from Sixty to One Hundred Tuns apiece which altogether Fish upon the Coasts of England and Scotland for Cod and Ling onely And each of these employ another Vessel for providing of Salt and transporting of their Fish making in all One Thousand Six Hundred ships which maintain and employ persons of all sorts Four Thousand at least For the Herring-season they have One Thousand Six Hundred Busses at the least all of them Fishing onely upon our Coasts from Boughonness in Scotland to the mouth of Thames And every one of these maketh work for three other ships that attend her the one to bring in Salt from Forreign parts another to carry the said Salt and Cask to the Busses and to bring back their Herrings and the third to Transport the said Fish into Forreign Countries So that the Total Number of Ships and Busses plying the Herring Fare is Six Thousand Four Hundred whereby every Busse one with another imployeth Forty Men Mariners and Fishers within her own Hold and the rest Ten Men a piece which amounteth to One Hundred Twelve Thousand Fishers and Mariners All which maintain double if not treble so many Tradesmen Women and Children a land Moreover they have Four Hundred other Vessels at least that take Herring at Yarmouth and there sell them for ready money so that the Hollanders besides Three Hundred ships before-mentioned fishing upon their own shores have at least Four Thousand Eight Hundred ships only maintained by the Seas of Great Brittain by which means principally Holland being not so big as one of our shires of England containing not above Twenty Miles in length and three in breadth have encreased the number of their shipping to at least Ten Thousand sayle being more then are in England France Spain Portugal Italy Denmark Poland Sweden and Russia And to this number they add every day although their Country it self affords them neither materials or victual nor merchandise to be accounted of towards their setting forth Besides these of Holland Lubeck hath Seven Hundred great ships Hamborough Six Hundred Embden Fourteen Hundred whereunto add the ships of Bremer Biscay Portugal Spain and France which for the most part fish in our Seas and it will appear that Ten Thousand sayle of Forreign Vessels and above are employed and maintained by fishing upon our Coasts So that in Holland there are built a thousand sayle at the least to supply ship-wracks and augment their store which as the Prince and common Nursery

is the chiefest means onely to encrease their number 2. Encrease of Mariners THe number of ships fishing on our Coasts as being aforesaid Eight Thousand Four Hundred If we allow but twenty persons to every Ship one with another the total of Mariners and Fishers amounteth to One Hundred sixty eight Thousand out of which Number they daily furnish their longer Voyages to all parts of the World for by this means they are not onely enabled to brook the Seas and to know the use of the Tackles and Compass but are likewise instructed in the Principles of Navigation and Pilotage insomuch as from hence their greatest Navigators have had their Education and breeding 3. Encrease of Trade BY reason of those multitude of Ships and Marriners they have extended their Trade to all parts of the World exporting for the most part in all their Voiages our Herring and other Fish for the maintenance of the same In exchange whereof they return the several commodities of other Countries From the Southern parts as France Spain and Portugal for our Herrings they return Oyles Wines Prunes Honie Wools c. with store of Coin in Specie From the Straits Velvets Sattins and all sorts of Silks Alums Currans Oyles and all Grocerie-ware with much monie From the East-Countries for our Herrings and other French and Italian commodities before returned they bring home Corn Wax Flax Hemp Pitch Tar Sope-Ashes Iron Copper Steel Clap-board Wainscot Timber Deal-board Dollers and Hungarie-Gilders From Germanie for Herrings and other salt Fish Iron Steel Glass Mil-stones Renish-wines Button-plate for Armour with other Munition Silks Velvets Rashes Fustians Baratees and such like Frankford-commodities with store of Rix-dollers From Brabant they return for the most part ready mony with some Tapestries and Hull-shop Yea some of our Herring are carried as farr as Braseil And that which is more strange and greatly to our shame they have four hundred Ships with Fish which our men of Yarmouth within ken almost at land do vent our Herrings amongst us here in England and make us pray for the Fish taken upon our own Coast ready mony wherewith they store their own Country 4. Encrease of Towns and Forts BY this their large extent of Trade they are become as it were Citizens of the whole world whereby they have so enlarged their Towns that most of them within these four hundred years are full as great again as they were before Amsterdam Leyden and Middleburgh having been lately twice enlarged and their steets and buildings so fair and orderly set forth that for beauty and strength they may compare with any other in the world upon which they bestow infinite sums of monies all originally flowing from the bounty of the Sea from whence by their labour and industry they derive the beginning of all that Wealth and Greatness and particularly for the Havens of the aforesaid Towns whereof some of them cost forty fifty or an hundred thousand pound Their Fortifications also both for Number and strength upon which they have bestowed infinite summs of Money may compare with any other whatsoever 5. Encrease of Power abroad SUch being then the Number of the Ships and Marriners and so great their Trade occasioned principally by their Fishing they have not onely Strengthened and Fortified themselves at home to repel all Foreign Invasions as lately in the War between them and Spain but have likewise stretched their power into the East and West-Indies in many places whereof they are Lords of the Sea-Coasts and have likewise fortified upon the Main where the Kings and People are at their devotion And more then this all Neighbour-Princes in their differences by reason of this their power at Sea are glad to have them of their party So that next to the English they are now become the most redoubted Nation at Sea of any other whatsoever 6. Encrease of Publick Revenue MOreover how mighty the publick Revenue and Customes of that State are encreased by their Fishing may appear in that above thirty years since over and above the Customes of other Merchandize Excises Licenses Waftage and Lastage there was paid to the State for Custome of Herring and other salt-Fish above three hundred thousand pound in one year besides the tenth Fish and Cask paid for Waftage which cometh at the least to as much more among the Hollanders onely whereto the tenth of other Nations being added it amounteth to a far greater sum We are likewise to know that great part of their Fish is sold in other Countries for ready monies for which they commonly export of the finest gold and silver and coming home recoin it of a baser allay under their own stamp which is not a small means to augment their publick Treasure 7. Encrease of private Wealth AS touching their private Wealth if we consider the abundant store of Herrings and other Fish by them taken and the usual prises that they are s●ld for as also the multitude of tradesmen Artizans that by reason of this their fishing are daily set on work we must needs conclude that the gain thereof made by private men must of necessity be exceeding great as by observing the particulars following will plainly appear During the Wars between the King of Spain and the Hollanders before the last Truce D●nkirk by taking spoiling and burning the Busses of Holland and setting great ransom upon their Fisher-men enforced them to compound for great sums that they might Fish quietly for one year whereupon the next year after the Fisher-men agreed amongst themselves to pay a Doller upon every last of Herrings towards the maintenance of certain Ships of War to waft and secure them in their Fishing by reason whereof there was a Record kept of the several lasts of Herrings taken that year and it appeared thereby that in one half year there were taken thirty thousand lasts of Herrings which at twenty pound per last amounteth to Three Millions six Hundred Thousand and at sixteen twenty thirty pound the last they are ordinarily sold then transported into other Countries it cometh at least to Five Millions Whereunto if we add the Herrings taken by other Nations together with the Cod Ling Hake and the Fish taken by the Hollanders and other our Neighbours upon the Brittish Coasts all the year long the totall will evidently arise to be above Ten Millions The great Trade of Fishing imploying so many Men and Ships at Sea must likewise necessarily maintain as great a Number of Trades-men and Artizends on Land as Spinners and Hemp-winders to Cables Cordage Yarn-twine for Nets and Lines Weavers to make Saile Cloaths Cecive Packers Tollers Dressers and Cowchers to sort and make the Herring lawful Merchandise Tanners to Tan their Sails and Nets Coopers to make Cask Block and Bowl-makers for Ships Keel-men and Labourers for carrying and removing their Fish Sawyers for Planks Carpenters Shipwrights Smiths Carmen Boat-men Brewers Bakers and a number of others whereof many are maimed persons and unfit to