time_n in_o drink_v and_o other_o excess_n among_o which_o many_o of_o your_o newfoundland_n man_n may_v be_v reckon_v during_o the_o winter_n season_n while_o they_o be_v at_o home_n there_o be_v many_o thousand_o of_o poor_a people_n of_o both_o sex_n which_o may_v be_v spare_v out_o of_o all_o your_o majesty_n dominion_n who_o live_v penurious_o and_o in_o great_a want_n will_v be_v persuade_v to_o remove_v their_o dwell_n into_o newfoundland_n where_o they_o may_v not_o only_o free_v themselves_o of_o their_o present_a misery_n but_o also_o by_o their_o industry_n in_o time_n enrich_v themselves_o and_o deserve_v well_o of_o the_o state_n by_o their_o employment_n for_o there_o be_v yearly_o great_a abundance_n of_o good_a fish_n lose_v for_o want_n of_o labourer_n and_o other_o good_a thing_n also_o neither_o be_v the_o people_n of_o those_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n any_o way_n inferior_a to_o other_o nation_n in_o courage_n either_o to_o undertake_v or_o maintain_v but_o they_o 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punishment_n against_o all_o these_o great_a abuse_n and_o diverse_a other_o commit_v in_o the_o say_a newfoundland_n which_o they_o do_v set_v down_o in_o their_o several_a presentment_n as_o by_o they_o it_o may_v at_o large_a appear_v they_o do_v all_o condescend_v and_o order_n from_o that_o time_n thenceforth_o that_o no_o subject_n to_o your_o majesty_n shall_v commit_v any_o more_o such_o abuse_n in_o that_o country_n which_o may_v be_v very_o well_o remedy_v see_v they_o tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o trade_n and_o quietness_n among_o the_o fisherman_n and_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n the_o honour_n and_o good_a of_o your_o majesty_n and_o the_o general_a benefit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n they_o do_v further_o present_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n two_o small_a boat_n anchor_n and_o a_o small_a grapple_n that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n upon_o that_o coast_n which_o be_v there_o prize_v to_o be_v worth_a two_o shilling_n sixpence_n apiece_o amount_v to_o seven_o shilling_n sixpence_n now_o have_v lay_v open_a how_o commodious_a and_o beneficial_a it_o will_v be_v to_o your_o majesty_n and_o kingdom_n to_o settle_v a_o plantation_n in_o the_o newfoundland_n and_o also_o make_v know_v some_o unfit_a course_n that_o be_v yearly_o use_v by_o some_o fisherman_n that_o adventure_v there_o and_o likewise_o show_v a_o part_n of_o some_o great_a wrong_n that_o have_v be_v commit_v there_o by_o pirate_n and_o some_o err_a subject_n and_o also_o touch_v a_o little_a that_o there_o have_v not_o be_v such_o fit_a course_n take_v by_o some_o of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v employ_v to_o that_o country_n in_o the_o plantation_n already_o there_o begin_v as_o they_o shall_v have_v do_v by_o reason_n whereof_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o some_o of_o those_o honourable_a and_o other_o right_n worshipful_a person_n that_o undertake_v the_o same_o and_o that_o have_v be_v at_o some_o great_a charge_n therein_o see_v their_o good_a endeavour_n and_o charge_n take_v no_o better_o success_n they_o may_v wax_v cold_a and_o weary_a in_o disburse_v more_o thereunto_o and_o so_o by_o their_o remissness_n the_o plantation_n may_v be_v give_v over_o and_o the_o country_n leave_v to_o the_o spoil_n and_o usurpation_n of_o some_o other_o prince_n that_o may_v undertake_v the_o same_o and_o then_o reap_v the_o harvest_n of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n labour_n that_o shall_v then_o trade_v to_o that_o country_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o show_v how_o it_o may_v be_v provide_v for_o by_o your_o majesty_n and_o all_o those_o wrong_n henceforth_o remedy_v now_o i_o suppose_v that_o some_o who_o may_v find_v themselves_o a_o little_a touch_v herein_o may_v not_o only_o envy_v i_o for_o lay_v open_a that_o which_o i_o have_v
a_o discourse_n and_o discovery_n of_o newfoundland_n with_o many_o reason_n to_o prove_v how_o worthy_a and_o beneficial_a a_o plantation_n may_v there_o be_v make_v after_o a_o far_o better_a manner_n than_o now_o it_o be_v together_o with_o the_o lay_v open_a of_o certain_a enormity_n and_o abuse_n commit_v by_o some_o that_o trade_n to_o that_o country_n and_o the_o mean_v lay_v down_o for_o reformation_n thereof_o write_a by_o captain_n richard_n whitbourne_n of_o exmouth_n in_o the_o county_n of_o devon_n and_o publish_v by_o authority_n imprint_v at_o london_n by_o felix_n kyngston_n for_o william_n barret_n 1620._o to_o the_o high_a and_o mighty_a prince_z james_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n most_o dread_a sovereign_n it_o have_v always_o be_v my_o chief_a study_n and_o practice_n to_o serve_v your_o majesty_n and_o my_o country_n the_o intent_n of_o my_o best_a labour_n that_o way_n i_o have_v put_v into_o the_o follow_a discovery_n and_o upon_o good_a approbation_n thereof_o by_o diverse_a of_o your_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n have_v be_v encourage_v to_o offer_v up_o the_o same_o work_n unto_o your_o majesty_n i_o confess_v my_o weakness_n such_o that_o i_o can_v put_v so_o fit_a a_o garment_n upon_o it_o either_o of_o stile_n or_o method_n as_o i_o conceive_v the_o matter_n itself_o deserve_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o work_n i_o submit_v to_o your_o majesty_n wisdom_n and_o judgement_n the_o error_n and_o thing_n needless_a to_o your_o highness_n pardon_n the_o purpose_n thereof_o be_v with_o your_o gracious_a allowance_n to_o beget_v a_o disposition_n in_o all_o your_o majesty_n subject_n for_o a_o plantation_n in_o the_o newfoundland_n ground_v upon_o reason_n of_o industry_n both_o general_o and_o particular_o profitable_a to_o the_o undertaker_n and_o posterity_n as_o well_o in_o matter_n of_o wealth_n as_o also_o the_o mean_n for_o increase_v of_o defence_n and_o power_n which_o will_v the_o better_o go_v forward_o when_o your_o majesty_n subject_n be_v make_v acquaint_v with_o what_o facility_n it_o may_v be_v undertake_v and_o so_o to_o work_v the_o more_o effectual_a impression_n in_o they_o when_o they_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v a_o island_n near_o as_o spacious_a as_o ireland_n and_o lie_v so_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o continent_n of_o america_n as_o england_n be_v from_o the_o near_a part_n of_o france_n and_o near_o half_a the_o way_n between_o ireland_n and_o virginia_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o above_o three_o degree_n near_o the_o south_n than_o england_n and_o have_v be_v already_o well_o approve_v by_o such_o of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n as_o have_v live_v there_o above_o ten_o year_n that_o the_o country_n be_v very_o healthful_a and_o pleasant_a in_o the_o winter_n how_o commodious_a and_o beneficial_o that_o land_n may_v be_v people_v with_o small_a charge_n and_o prove_v profitable_a to_o the_o undertaker_n and_o not_o hurtful_a to_o any_o of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n the_o follow_a discourse_n will_v make_v it_o plain_o appear_v the_o which_o be_v present_v unto_o your_o majesty_n at_o huntingdon_n in_o october_n last_o since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v please_v such_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o your_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n at_o whitehall_n the_o 24._o of_o july_n last_o then_o present_a to_o give_v i_o encouragement_n with_o their_o good_a approbation_n thereunto_o and_o order_v that_o the_o book_n shall_v be_v print_v with_o this_o further_a addition_n of_o their_o honour_n favour_n to_o be_v recommend_v to_o the_o lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o lord_n bishop_n to_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o several_a parish_n of_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n for_o the_o better_a encouragement_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v willing_a to_o assist_v that_o plantation_n either_o in_o 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down_o to_o myself_o for_o my_o duty_n therein_o to_o observe_v and_o collect_v wherein_o my_o labour_n may_v become_v profitable_a to_o my_o country_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o i_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a how_o much_o the_o maintenance_n and_o increase_v of_o ship_n and_o mariner_n concern_v we_o who_o may_v fit_o be_v style_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o general_a reason_n be_v more_o and_o more_o commend_v to_o i_o by_o more_o particular_a consideration_n offer_v i_o in_o the_o notice_n i_o take_v of_o the_o disposition_n and_o affair_n of_o other_o state_n to_o which_o we_o have_v relation_n some_o point_n whereof_o can_v now_o seasonable_o be_v mention_v some_o other_o proper_a to_o what_o i_o discourse_n of_o will_v present_v themselves_o in_o their_o place_n as_o i_o shall_v go_v along_o in_o give_v account_n of_o my_o endeavour_n among_o my_o undertake_n &_o employment_n in_o seafaring_a the_o most_o part_n have_v be_v to_o a_o island_n call_v newfoundland_n in_o part_n heretofore_o outward_o discover_v but_o never_o look_v into_o by_o those_o discoverer_n as_o it_o deserve_v from_o the_o beginning_n i_o find_v it_o promise_v well_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o purpose_n i_o have_v to_o gather_v some_o thing_n for_o the_o better_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n and_o the_o more_o i_o make_v trial_n of_o it_o the_o more_o satisfaction_n it_o give_v i_o therefore_o i_o affect_v that_o course_n better_o than_o any_o other_o i_o fall_v unto_o insomuch_o as_o i_o do_v so_o fix_v my_o industry_n upon_o it_o that_o for_o the_o qualify_a of_o my_o travel_n i_o obtain_v commission_n from_o the_o state_n to_o proceed_v in_o it_o and_o be_o now_o come_v to_o propound_v to_o my_o countryman_n the_o benefit_n they_o may_v make_v of_o a_o orderly_a plantation_n and_o traffic_n there_o the_o follow_a discourse_n will_v satisfy_v they_o if_o they_o will_v forgive_v the_o unhansomenes_n of_o the_o form_n it_o be_v put_v into_o and_o look_v into_o the_o matter_n itself_o only_o thereof_o the_o island_n of_o newfoundland_n be_v large_a temperate_a and_o fruitful_a the_o fruitfulness_n of_o it_o consist_v not_o only_a in_o thing_n of_o sustenance_n for_o those_o that_o shall_v inhabit_v it_o but_o in_o many_o sort_n of_o commodity_n likewise_o of_o good_a use_n and_o value_n to_o be_v transport_v the_o native_n in_o it_o be_v ingenuous_a and_o apt_a by_o discreet_a and_o moderate_a government_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o obedience_n the_o seat_n be_v fit_a for_o harbour_n and_o relief_n upon_o the_o way_n between_o we_o and_o virginia_n and_o consequent_o of_o advantage_n to_o we_o in_o any_o action_n that_o may_v engage_v we_o either_o by_o way_n of_o offence_n or_o attempt_n in_o regard_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o sea_n be_v so_o rich_a as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o advance_v a_o great_a trade_n of_o fish_v which_o with_o god_n blessing_n will_v become_v very_o serviceable_a to_o the_o navy_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o fish_v there_o can_v despair_v of_o find_v port_n enough_o to_o vent_v the_o commodity_n at_o profitable_a rate_n now_o if_o you_o will_v understand_v what_o motive_n we_o have_v at_o home_n with_o we_o to_o carry_v we_o thither_o do_v but_o look_v upon_o the_o populousnesse_n of_o our_o country_n to_o what_o a_o surfeit_n of_o multitude_n it_o be_v subject_a consider_v how_o charitable_a for_o those_o that_o go_v and_o how_o much_o ease_n it_o will_v be_v for_o those_o that_o stay_v to_o put_v forth_o some_o of_o our_o number_n to_o such_o a_o employment_n of_o live_v compare_v the_o english_a nature_n with_o other_o and_o find_v whether_o we_o have_v not_o as_o much_o courage_n as_o they_o both_o to_o undertake_v and_o maintain_v only_o we_o lose_v it_o in_o have_v less_o industry_n turn_v then_o towards_o the_o low_a country_n behold_v how_o they_o have_v win_v upon_o we_o by_o take_v advantage_n of_o our_o sit_v
pleasant_a and_o a_o wholesome_a coast_n free_a from_o rock_n and_o shelf_n so_o that_o of_o all_o other_o harbour_n it_o lie_v the_o south-most_a of_o any_o harbour_n in_o the_o land_n and_o most_o convenient_o to_o receive_v our_o ship_n pass_a to_o and_o from_o virginea_fw-la and_o the_o bermuda_n land_n and_o also_o any_o other_o ship_v that_o shall_v pass_v to_o and_o from_o the_o river_n of_o canady_n and_o the_o coast_n thereof_o because_o they_o usual_o pass_v and_o so_o return_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o land_n of_o trepassey_n and_o also_o for_o some_o other_o purpose_n as_o shall_v be_v partly_o declare_v in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n but_o i_o will_v not_o insist_v upon_o further_a particular_n of_o harbour_n in_o this_o place_n see_v our_o man_n that_o yearly_a trade_n to_o that_o coast_n know_v they_o to_o be_v as_o good_a and_o commodious_a harbour_n as_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o soil_n the_o soil_n of_o this_o country_n in_o the_o valley_n and_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v so_o fruitful_a as_o that_o in_o diverse_a place_n there_o the_o summer_n natural_o produce_v out_o of_o the_o fruitful_a womb_n of_o the_o earth_n without_o the_o labour_n of_o man_n hand_n great_a plenty_n of_o green_a pease_n and_o fitche_n fair_a round_o full_a and_o wholesome_a as_o our_o fitche_n be_v in_o england_n of_o which_o i_o have_v there_o feed_v on_o many_o time_n the_o hawme_n of_o they_o be_v good_a fodder_n for_o cattle_n and_o other_o beast_n in_o the_o winter_n with_o the_o help_n of_o hay_n of_o which_o there_o may_v be_v make_v great_a store_n with_o little_a labour_n in_o diverse_a place_n of_o the_o country_n grow_v then_o have_v you_o there_o fair_a strawberry_n red_a and_o white_a and_o as_o fair_a raspasse_n berry_n and_o goose_n berry_n as_o there_o be_v in_o england_n as_o also_o multitude_n of_o bilberry_n which_o be_v call_v by_o some_o whortes_n and_o many_o other_o delicate_a berry_n which_o i_o can_v name_v in_o great_a abundance_n there_o be_v also_o many_o other_o fruit_n as_o small_a pear_n sour_a cherry_n filberd_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o these_o berry_n and_o fruit_n the_o store_n be_v there_o so_o great_a that_o the_o mariner_n of_o my_o ship_n and_o bark_n company_n have_v often_o gather_v at_o once_o more_o than_o half_a a_o hogshead_n will_v hold_v of_o which_o diverse_a time_n eat_v their_o fill_n i_o never_o hear_v of_o any_o man_n who_o health_n be_v thereby_o any_o way_n impair_v there_o be_v also_o herb_n for_o salad_n and_o broth_n medicinable_a as_o parsley_n alexander_n sorrell_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o flower_n as_o the_o red_a and_o white_a damask_n rose_n with_o other_o kind_n which_o be_v most_o beautiful_a and_o delightful_a both_o to_o the_o sight_n and_o smell_v and_o questionless_a the_o country_n be_v store_v with_o many_o physical_a herb_n and_o root_n albeit_o their_o virtue_n be_v not_o know_v because_o not_o seek_v after_o yet_o within_o these_o few_o year_n many_o of_o our_o nation_n find_v themselves_o ill_a have_v bruise_v some_o of_o the_o herb_n and_o strain_v the_o juice_n into_o beer_n wine_n or_o aquavitae_n and_o so_o by_o god_n assistance_n after_o a_o few_o drink_n it_o have_v restore_v they_o to_o their_o former_a health_n the_o like_a virtue_n it_o have_v to_o cure_v a_o wound_n or_o any_o swell_a either_o by_o wash_v the_o grieve_a place_n with_o some_o of_o the_o herb_n boil_a or_o by_o apply_v they_o so_o thereunto_o plasterwise_a which_o i_o have_v see_v by_o often_o experience_n this_o be_v the_o natural_a fruitfulness_n of_o the_o earth_n produce_v such_o variety_n of_o thing_n fit_a for_o food_n without_o the_o labour_n of_o man_n i_o may_v in_o reason_n hence_o infer_v that_o if_o the_o same_o be_v manure_v and_o husband_v in_o some_o place_n as_o our_o ground_n be_v it_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o bear_v corn_n and_o no_o less_o fertile_a than_o the_o english_a soil_n but_o i_o need_v not_o confine_v myself_o to_o probability_n increase_n see_v our_o man_n that_o have_v winter_v there_o diverse_a year_n do_v for_o a_o trial_n and_o experiment_n thereof_o sow_v some_o small_a quantity_n of_o corn_n which_o i_o see_v grow_v very_o fair_a and_o they_o find_v the_o increase_n to_o be_v great_a and_o the_o grain_n very_o good_a and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v to_o i_o and_o diverse_a that_o trade_n there_o yearly_o how_o that_o cabbage_n carrot_n turnip_n lettuce_n and_o such_o like_a prove_v well_o there_o beast_n in_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o country_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o deer_n and_o some_o hare_n many_o fox_n squirrel_n bever_n wolf_n and_o bear_n with_o other_o sort_n of_o beast_n serve_v as_o well_o for_o necessity_n as_o for_o profit_n and_o delight_n neither_o let_v i_o seem_v ridiculous_a to_o annex_v a_o matter_n of_o novelty_n rather_o than_o weight_n to_o this_o discourse_n country_n in_o the_o year_n 1615._o it_o be_v well_o know_v to_o 48_o person_n of_o my_o company_n and_o diverse_a other_o man_n that_o three_o several_a time_n the_o wolf_n and_o beast_n of_o the_o country_n come_v down_o near_o they_o to_o the_o seaside_n where_o they_o be_v labour_v about_o their_o fish_n howl_v and_o make_v a_o noise_n so_o that_o at_o each_o time_n my_o mastiffe-dogge_n go_v unto_o they_o as_o the_o like_a in_o that_o country_n have_v not_o be_v see_v the_o one_o begin_v to_o fawn_v and_o play_v with_o the_o other_o and_o so_o go_v together_o into_o the_o wood_n and_o continue_v with_o they_o every_o of_o these_o time_n nine_o or_o ten_o day_n and_o do_v return_v unto_o we_o without_o any_o hurt_n hereof_o i_o be_o no_o way_n superstitious_a yet_o it_o be_v something_o strange_a to_o i_o that_o the_o wild_a beast_n be_v follow_v by_o a_o stern_a mastiffe-dogge_n shall_v grow_v to_o a_o familiarity_n with_o he_o see_v their_o nature_n be_v repugnant_a sure_o much_o rather_o the_o people_n by_o our_o discreet_a and_o gentle_a usage_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o society_n be_v already_o natural_o incline_v thereunto_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n and_o to_o speak_v something_o of_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o fowl_n in_o that_o country_n land-fowle_a as_o well_o land-fowle_a as_o waterfowl_a the_o variety_n of_o both_o kind_n be_v infinite_a the_o land-fowle_a beside_o great_a number_n of_o small_a bird_n fly_v up_o and_o down_o some_o without_o name_n land-fowle_a that_o live_v by_o scrape_v their_o food_n from_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o hard_a winter_n that_o be_v there_o be_v also_o hawk_n great_a and_o small_a partridge_n thrush_n and_o thrussels_n abundance_n very_o fat_a as_o also_o fillady_n nightingale_n and_o such_o like_a that_o sing_v most_o pleasant_o there_o be_v also_o bird_n that_o live_v by_o prey_n as_o raven_n gripe_v crow_n etc._n etc._n for_o waterfowl_a waterfowl_a there_o be_v certain_o so_o good_a and_o as_o much_o variety_n as_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o goose_n duck_n pigeon_n gull_n penguin_n and_o many_o 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still_o and_o most_o remarkable_a in_o this_o point_n of_o fish_v which_o if_o their_o audit_n be_v publish_v will_v be_v find_v i_o believe_v one_o of_o the_o best_a agent_n they_o have_v both_o for_o their_o strength_n and_o wealth_n there_o be_v another_o motive_n also_o which_o among_o our_o ancestor_n be_v wont_a to_o find_v good_a respect_n namely_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o action_n by_o the_o enlarge_n so_o dominion_n and_o that_o which_o will_v crown_v the_o work_n will_v be_v the_o advancement_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n in_o bring_v poor_a infidel_n the_o native_n of_o that_o country_n to_o his_o worship_n and_o their_o own_o salvation_n i_o commend_v the_o design_n to_o the_o entertainment_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o kingdom_n because_o i_o esteem_v it_o such_o a_o one_o as_o deserve_v not_o only_o to_o be_v undertake_v but_o to_o be_v go_v through_o withal_o and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o project_n of_o no_o fantasy_n in_o i_o but_o a_o truth_n ground_v upon_o a_o 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settle_v themselves_o there_o though_o the_o condition_n thereof_o be_v never_o so_o beneficial_a and_o advantageous_a for_o they_o yet_o i_o can_v be_v out_o of_o all_o hope_n that_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v into_o consideration_n what_o infinite_a riches_n and_o advantage_n other_o nation_n and_o in_o particular_a the_o spaniard_n and_o portugal_n have_v get_v to_o themselves_o by_o their_o many_o plantation_n not_o only_o in_o america_n but_o also_o in_o barbary_n guinnie_n binnie_n and_o other_o place_n and_o when_o it_o shall_v plain_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a discourse_n that_o the_o country_n of_o newfoundland_n as_o it_o be_v here_o true_o describe_v be_v little_a inferior_a to_o any_o other_o for_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o and_o lie_v as_o it_o be_v with_o open_a arm_n towards_o england_n offer_v itself_o to_o be_v embrace_v and_o inhabit_v by_o we_o i_o can_v be_v out_o of_o hope_n i_o say_v but_o that_o my_o countryman_n will_v be_v induce_v either_o by_o the_o 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so_o familiar_o know_v to_o i_o as_o my_o own_o country_n in_o the_o year_n 1588._o i_o serve_v under_o the_o then_o lord_n admiral_n as_o captain_n in_o a_o ship_n of_o my_o own_o set_v forth_o at_o my_o charge_n against_o the_o spanish_a armada_n and_o after_o such_o time_n as_o that_o service_n be_v end_v take_v my_o leave_n of_o his_o honour_n i_o have_v his_o favourable_a letter_n to_o one_o sir_n robert_n dennis_n in_o the_o county_n of_o devon_n knight_n whereby_o there_o may_v be_v some_o course_n take_v that_o the_o charge_n as_o well_o of_o my_o own_o ship_n as_o also_o of_o two_o other_o and_o a_o pinnace_n with_o the_o victual_n and_o man_n therein_o employ_v shall_v not_o be_v any_o way_n burdensome_a to_o i_o wherein_o there_o be_v such_o order_n give_v by_o the_o then_o right_a honourable_a lord_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n that_o the_o same_o be_v well_o satisfy_v which_o service_n be_v to_o be_v see_v record_v in_o the_o book_n at_o white-hall_n now_o to_o express_v some_o of_o my_o voyage_n to_o the_o newfoundland_n which_o make_v most_o for_o the_o present_a purpose_n my_o first_o voyage_n thither_o be_v about_o 40._o year_n since_o in_o a_o worthy_a ship_n of_o the_o burden_n of_o 300._o tun_n set_v forth_o by_o one_o master_n cotton_n of_o southampton_a we_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o grand_a bay_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o northside_n of_o that_o land_n purpose_v there_o to_o trade_n then_o with_o the_o savage_a people_n for_o who_o we_o carry_v sundry_a commodity_n and_o to_o kill_v whale_n and_o to_o make_v train_n oil_n as_o the_o biscayne_n do_v there_o yearly_o in_o great_a abundance_n but_o this_o our_o intend_a voyage_n be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o indiscretion_n of_o our_o captain_n and_o faintheartedness_n of_o some_o gentleman_n of_o our_o company_n whereupon_o we_o set_v sail_v from_o thence_o and_o bare_a with_o trinity_n harbour_n in_o newfoundland_n where_o we_o kill_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n deer_n bear_n beaver_n seales_n otter_n and_o such_o like_a with_o abundance_n of_o sea-fowle_a and_o so_o return_v for_o england_n we_o arrive_v safe_a at_o southampton_a in_o a_o voyage_n to_o that_o country_n about_o 36._o year_n since_o i_o have_v then_o the_o command_n of_o a_o worthy_a ship_n of_o 220._o tun_n set_v forth_o by_o one_o master_n crook_n of_o southampton_a at_o that_o time_n sir_n humphrey_n gilbert_n a_o devonshire_n knight_n come_v thither_o with_o two_o good_a ship_n and_o a_o pinnace_n and_o bring_v with_o he_o a_o large_a patent_n from_o the_o late_a most_o renown_a queen_n elizabeth_n and_o in_o her_o name_n take_v possession_n of_o that_o country_n in_o the_o harbour_n of_o s._n johns_n whereof_o i_o be_v a_o eyewitness_n he_o sail_v from_o thence_o towards_o virginia_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o unhappy_a direction_n in_o his_o course_n the_o great_a ship_n he_o have_v strike_v upon_o shelf_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o canadie_n and_o be_v there_o lose_v with_o most_o part_n of_o the_o company_n in_o she_o and_o he_o himself_o be_v then_o in_o a_o small_a pinnace_n of_o 20._o tun_n in_o the_o company_n of_o his_o vice-admiral_n one_o captain_n hayes_n return_v towards_o england_n in_o a_o great_a storm_n be_v overwhelm_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o perish_v in_o another_o voyage_n i_o make_v thither_o about_o 34._o year_n past_a wherein_o i_o have_v the_o command_n of_o a_o good_a ship_n partly_o my_o own_o at_o that_o time_n one_o sir_n bernard_n drake_n of_o devonshire_n knight_n come_v thither_o with_o a_o commission_n and_o have_v diverse_a good_a ship_n under_o his_o command_n he_o there_o take_v many_o portugal_n ship_n lade_v with_o fish_n and_o bring_v they_o into_o england_n as_o prize_n omit_v to_o speak_v of_o other_o voyage_n i_o make_v thither_o during_o the_o late_a queen_n reign_n i_o will_v descend_v to_o late_a time_n in_o the_o year_n 1611._o be_v in_o newfoundland_n at_o which_o time_n that_o famous_a archpirate_n peter_n easton_n come_v there_o 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be_v there_o take_v to_o the_o use_n of_o your_o majesty_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n under_o the_o broad_a seal_n of_o the_o admiralty_n direct_v to_o i_o richard_n whitbourne_n it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v by_o the_o cosmographer_n map_n and_o well_o approve_v that_o the_o newfoundland_n be_v a_o island_n border_v upon_o the_o continent_n of_o america_n from_o which_o it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o sea_n so_o far_o distant_a country_n as_o england_n be_v from_o the_o near_a part_n of_o france_n &_o lie_v between_o 46_o and_o 53_o degree_n north-latitude_n it_o be_v near_o as_o spacious_a as_o ireland_n and_o lie_v near_o the_o course_n that_o ship_n usual_o hold_v in_o their_o return_n from_o the_o west-indies_n and_o near_o half_a the_o way_n between_o ireland_n and_o virginea_fw-la i_o shall_v not_o much_o need_n to_o commend_v the_o wholesome_a temperature_n of_o that_o country_n see_v the_o great_a part_n thereof_o lie_v above_o 3_o degree_n near_o to_o the_o south_n than_o 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many_o spacious_a and_o excellent_a bay_n some_o of_o they_o stretch_v into_o the_o land_n one_o towards_o another_o more_o than_o twenty_o league_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o land_n be_v the_o bay_n of_o trinity_n and_o conception_n which_o stretch_v themselves_o towards_o the_o south-west_n tor_n bay_n and_o capelin_n bay_n lie_v also_o on_o the_o east_n stretch_v towards_o the_o west_n the_o bay_n of_o trepassey_n s._n marry_o borrell_n and_o plaisance_n on_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o land_n extend_v their_o arm_n towards_o the_o north_n the_o great_a bay_n of_o s._n peter_n lie_v on_o the_o south-west_n side_n of_o the_o land_n and_o east_n southerly_a from_o the_o great_a river_n of_o canady_n be_v about_o twenty_o league_n distant_a the_o same_o stretch_v towards_o the_o east_n and_o here_o i_o pray_v you_o note_v y_z t_o the_o bottom_n of_o these_o bay_n do_v meet_v together_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o small_a circuit_n by_o mean_n whereof_o our_o man_n pass_v over_o land_n from_o bay_n to_o bay_n may_v with_o much_o facility_n discover_v the_o whole_a country_n from_o the_o bay_n of_o s._n peter_n round_o about_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o land_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o grand_a bay_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o from_o thence_o till_o you_o come_v round_o back_o to_o trinity_n bay_n be_v abundance_n of_o large_a and_o excellent_a bay_n which_o be_v the_o less_o know_v because_o not_o frequent_v by_o the_o english_a who_o seldom_o fish_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o trinity_n bay_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v harbour_n that_o round_o about_o the_o coast_n and_o in_o the_o bay_n there_o be_v many_o small_a land_n none_o of_o they_o further_o off_o then_o a_o league_n from_o the_o land_n both_o fair_a and_o fruitful_a neither_o do_v any_o one_o part_n of_o the_o world_n afford_v great_a store_n of_o good_a harbour_n more_o free_a from_o danger_n or_o more_o commodious_a then_o be_v there_o build_v by_o the_o admirable_a workmanship_n of_o god_n i_o will_v only_o instance_n two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o chief_a for_o some_o special_a reason_n commodity_n trinity_n harbour_n lie_v near_o in_o 49_o degree_n north-latitude_n be_v very_o commodious_o seat_v to_o receive_v ship_v in_o reasonable_a weather_n both_o to_o anchor_v in_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o sail_v towards_o either_o the_o east_n west_n or_o south_n it_o have_v three_o arm_n or_o river_n long_a and_o large_a enough_o for_o many_o hundred_o sail_n of_o ship_n to_o moor_v fast_o at_o anchor_n near_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o harbour_n mouth_n close_o adjoin_v to_o the_o river_n side_n and_o within_o the_o harbour_n be_v much_o open_a land_n well_o store_v with_o grass_n sufficient_a winter_n and_o summer_n to_o maintain_v great_a store_n of_o ordinary_a cattle_n beside_o hog_n and_o goat_n if_o such_o beast_n be_v carry_v thither_o and_o it_o stand_v north_n most_o of_o any_o harbour_n in_o the_o land_n where_o our_o nation_n practise_v fish_v it_o be_v near_o unto_o a_o great_a bay_n lie_v on_o the_o north-side_n of_o it_o call_v the_o bay_n of_o flower_n to_o which_o place_n no_o ship_n repair_v to_o fish_n partly_o in_o regard_n of_o sundry_a rock_n and_o ledge_n lie_v even_o with_o the_o water_n and_o full_a of_o danger_n but_o chief_o as_o i_o conjecture_v because_o the_o savage_a people_n of_o that_o country_n do_v there_o inhabit_v harbour_n many_o of_o they_o secret_o every_o year_n come_v into_o trinity_n bay_n and_o harbour_n in_o the_o night_n time_n purposely_o to_o steal_v sail_n line_n hatchet_n hook_n knife_n and_o such_o like_a and_o this_o bay_n be_v not_o three_o english_a mile_n over_o land_n from_o trinity_n bay_n in_o many_o place_n which_o people_n if_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a trinity_n indeed_o no_o doubt_n but_o it_o will_v be_v a_o most_o sweet_a and_o acceptable_a sacrifice_n to_o god_n a_o everlasting_a honour_n to_o your_o majesty_n and_o the_o heavenly_a blessing_n to_o those_o poor_a creature_n who_o be_v bury_v in_o their_o own_o superstitious_a ignorance_n the_o task_n thereof_o will_v prove_v easy_a if_o it_o be_v but_o well_o begin_v and_o constant_o second_v by_o industrious_a spirit_n and_o no_o doubt_n but_o god_n himself_o will_v set_v his_o hand_n to_o rear_v up_o and_o advance_v so_o noble_a so_o pious_a and_o so_o christian_n a_o building_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o trinity_n lie_v within_o four_o league_n through_o the_o land_n southwest_n together_o southerly_a from_o trinity_n as_o by_o experience_n be_v find_v and_o it_o come_v near_o unto_o the_o bay_n of_o trepassey_n and_o the_o bottom_n of_o some_o other_o bay_n as_o i_o have_v already_o touch_v before_o and_o what_o commodity_n may_v thereby_o redound_v if_o some_o of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n be_v also_o once_o settle_v to_o plant_v near_o unto_o trepassey_n be_v the_o south_n part_n of_o newfoundland_n 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turpentine_n no_o country_n can_v show_v pine_n and_o birch_n tree_n of_o such_o height_n and_o greatness_n as_o those_o be_v there_o and_o doubtless_o if_o some_o store_n of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n do_v once_o settle_v there_o to_o live_v &_o will_v be_v industrious_a to_o search_v further_o and_o more_o thorough_o into_o the_o country_n then_o as_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v there_o may_v be_v find_v many_o other_o commodity_n of_o good_a worth_n among_o the_o which_o i_o may_v not_o omit_v pitch_n that_o there_o be_v much_o probability_n of_o find_v mine_n and_o make_v of_o iron_n and_o pitch_n the_o river_n also_o and_o harbour_n be_v general_o store_v with_o delicate_a fish_n as_o salmon_n peal_n eel_n herring_n abundance_n mackerel_n flounder_n lance_n capelin_n cod_n and_o trout_n the_o fair_a fat_a and_o sweet_a that_o i_o have_v see_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o like_a for_o lobster_n crayfish_n muskle_n hen_n and_o other_o variety_n of_o shellfish_n great_a 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thither_o which_o must_v needs_o yield_v with_o the_o employment_n thereof_o great_a riches_n to_o your_o majesty_n subject_n and_o this_o also_o to_o be_v gather_v and_o bring_v home_o by_o the_o sole_a labour_n and_o industry_n of_o man_n without_o exchange_n or_o exportation_n of_o our_o coin_n and_o native_a commodity_n or_o other_o adventure_n than_o of_o necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o fish_n as_o salt_n net_n lead_n hook_n line_n and_o the_o like_a and_o of_o victual_n as_o bread_n beer_n beef_n and_o pork_n in_o competent_a measure_n according_a to_o the_o number_n and_o proportion_n of_o man_n employ_v in_o those_o voyage_n the_o convert_n of_o these_o commodity_n get_v by_o fish_v into_o money_n can_v choose_v but_o be_v a_o great_a benefit_n to_o all_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n in_o many_o respect_n what_o the_o charge_n in_o set_v forth_o of_o these_o 250._o sail_n may_v amount_v unto_o be_v only_o for_o victual_n which_o our_o country_n yield_v i_o hold_v it_o not_o fit_a here_o to_o set_v down_o lest_o i_o shall_v be_v accuse_v by_o some_o therein_o and_o withal_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v people_n that_o the_o trade_n thither_o as_o now_o it_o be_v do_v yearly_o set_v on_o work_n and_o relieve_v many_o number_n of_o people_n as_o baker_n brewer_n cooper_n ship-carpenter_n smith_n net-maker_n rope-maker_n line-maker_n hookemaker_n pullymaker_n and_o many_o other_o trade_n which_o with_o their_o family_n have_v their_o best_a mean_n of_o maintenance_n from_o these_o newfoundland_n voyage_n add_v unto_o they_o the_o family_n or_o servant_n of_o diverse_a owner_n and_o master_n of_o such_o ship_n as_o go_v thither_o and_o mariner_n with_o their_o family_n hereby_o employ_v and_o maintain_v by_o this_o little_a which_o have_v be_v thus_o brief_o speak_v of_o the_o situation_n temperature_n safeness_n of_o the_o coast_n natural_a fertility_n commodity_n and_o riches_n of_o newfoundland_n it_o do_v plain_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v a_o country_n 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regular_a kind_n of_o life_n and_o government_n this_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o apparent_a that_o i_o need_v not_o enforce_v it_o any_o further_a or_o labour_n to_o stir_v up_o the_o charity_n of_o christian_n therein_o to_o give_v their_o furtherance_n towards_o a_o work_n so_o pious_a every_o man_n know_v that_o even_o we_o ourselves_o be_v once_o as_o blind_a as_o they_o in_o the_o knowledge_n and_o worship_n of_o our_o creator_n and_o as_o rude_a and_o savage_a in_o our_o life_n and_o manner_n only_o thus_o much_o will_v i_o add_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n impossible_a but_o that_o by_o mean_n of_o those_o slender_a beginning_n which_o may_v be_v make_v in_o newfoundland_n all_o the_o region_n near_o adjoin_v thereunto_o may_v in_o time_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o true_a worship_n of_o god_n second_o the_o unite_n of_o a_o country_n so_o beneficial_a already_o hence_o and_o so_o promise_v unto_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n without_o either_o bloodshed_n charge_n or_o 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westerly_a wind_n which_o common_o make_v a_o clear_a coast_n all_o along_o to_o the_o north_n both_o from_o fog_n and_o ice_n also_o both_o which_o be_v violent_a hinderer_n to_o man_n that_o have_v undertake_v these_o voyage_n for_o come_v to_o feeke_v out_o those_o straits_n or_o passage_n with_o a_o large_a easterly_n southerly_a or_o northerly_a wind_n which_o common_o bring_v on_o that_o coast_n the_o fog_n and_o ice_n and_o come_v so_o late_o in_o the_o summer_n they_o have_v thereby_o lose_v the_o advantage_n and_o benefit_n of_o time_n for_o find_v out_o so_o happy_a a_o business_n but_o if_o this_o design_n of_o a_o plantation_n shall_v not_o be_v entertain_v and_o thorough_o prosecute_v it_o may_v be_v just_o doubt_v that_o some_o other_o prince_n will_v step_v in_o and_o undertake_v the_o same_o which_o if_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o your_o majesty_n shall_v not_o only_o lose_v all_o those_o advantage_n and_o benefit_n which_o your_o majesty_n and_o your_o subject_n may_v reap_v by_o this_o plantation_n but_o also_o the_o actual_a possession_n and_o then_o those_o that_o shall_v usurp_v your_o majesty_n right_a there_o will_v be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o your_o majesty_n either_o to_o remove_v they_o or_o to_o plant_v by_o they_o without_o hazard_v a_o breach_n of_o peace_n and_o it_o may_v be_v fear_v that_o such_o a_o plantation_n grow_v to_o have_v strength_n your_o subject_n shall_v be_v if_o not_o prohibit_v yet_o at_o least_o hinder_v of_o their_o free_a trade_n and_o fish_v there_o or_o constrain_v to_o take_v their_o fish_n of_o the_o planter_n and_o at_o their_o price_n which_o may_v fall_v out_o to_o be_v a_o notable_a disseruice_n to_o your_o majesty_n and_o the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o your_o subject_n trade_n thither_o but_o in_o set_v down_o the_o advantage_n we_o shall_v have_v by_o a_o settle_a plantation_n there_o i_o have_v sufficient_o discover_v what_o our_o loss_n will_v be_v if_o we_o suffer_v ourselves_o to_o be_v prevent_v by_o other_o that_o country_n may_v be_v make_v a_o place_n of_o great_a use_n and_o advantage_n for_o this_o state_n in_o any_o action_n that_o may_v engage_v we_o by_o way_n of_o attempt_n or_o defence_n in_o regard_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o the_o first_o this_o country_n lie_v so_o near_o the_o course_n which_o the_o spanish_a ship_n that_o come_v from_o mexico_n havona_n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o west-indies_n hold_v in_o their_o return_n from_o thence_o that_o they_o often_o sail_v within_o 150._o league_n from_o the_o south_n part_v thereof_o in_o the_o year_n 1615._o while_o i_o be_v in_o that_o country_n three_o ship_n return_v from_o the_o west-indies_n do_v arrive_v there_o purposely_o to_o refresh_v themselves_o with_o water_n wood_n fish_n and_o foul_a and_o so_o have_v diverse_a other_o do_v at_o other_o time_n sundry_a portugal_n ship_n have_v come_v thither_o purposely_o to_o load_v fish_n from_o the_o english_a and_o have_v give_v they_o a_o good_a price_n for_o the_o same_o and_o sail_v from_o thence_o with_o it_o to_o brasile_n where_o that_o kind_n of_o fish_n be_v in_o great_a request_n and_o they_o have_v make_v great_a profit_n thereby_o and_o diverse_a dutch_a and_o french_a ship_n have_v also_o oftentimes_o come_v thither_o purposely_o to_o load_v fish_n from_o the_o english_a which_o they_o afterward_o transport_v into_o italy_n spain_n and_o other_o part_n whereby_o they_o employ_v both_o their_o ship_n and_o mariner_n make_v good_a profit_n thereof_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o french_a and_o portugal_n ship_v that_o usual_o trade_v every_o year_n to_o this_o coast_n and_o the_o place_n near_o adjoin_v in_o fish_v voyage_n so_o that_o what_o in_o all_o likelihood_n may_v be_v the_o event_n of_o a_o plantation_n to_o be_v make_v there_o if_o either_o spain_n or_o france_n shall_v break_v league_n with_o your_o majesty_n or_o your_o royal_a progeny_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o your_o majesty_n and_o certain_o as_o your_o majesty_n subject_n sail_v to_o and_o from_o virginia_n &_o the_o bermuda_n land_n may_v in_o any_o extremity_n have_v spend_v a_o mast_n or_o yard_n or_o when_o any_o leak_n be_v spring_v be_v relieve_v and_o at_o other_o time_n refresh_v themselves_o in_o their_o voyage_n if_o a_o plantation_n be_v settle_v near_o about_o trepassey_n so_o upon_o occasion_n of_o any_o attempt_n or_o other_o injury_n which_o may_v be_v offer_v those_o more_o remote_a plantation_n they_o may_v from_o thence_o receive_v succour_n in_o short_a time_n then_o from_o england_n beside_o all_o this_o it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a ease_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n if_o some_o part_n of_o our_o superabounding_a multitude_n be_v transplant_v into_o newfoundland_n for_o beside_o the_o great_a number_n of_o idle_a person_n that_o live_v here_o spend_v their_o
ship_n to_o sail_v in_o those_o voyage_n in_o such_o unseasonable_a time_n of_o the_o year_n whereby_o they_o often_o receive_v great_a hindrance_n and_o loss_n they_o need_v not_o then_o go_v forth_o in_o the_o say_a voyage_n until_o the_o 25._o day_n of_o march_n which_o be_v a_o fit_a time_n of_o the_o year_n to_o put_v to_o sea_n from_o our_o coast_n to_o that_o country_n the_o winter_n storm_n begin_v then_o to_o cease_v and_o then_o any_o such_o ship_n which_o carry_v in_o she_o thirty_o man_n in_o every_o voyage_n may_v well_o leave_v six_o man_n there_o behind_o they_o or_o more_o all_o the_o winter_n season_n until_o the_o ship_n return_v to_o they_o again_o and_o these_o six_o man_n victual_n will_v be_v save_v and_o serve_v to_o better_a use_n and_o thereby_o also_o likewise_o cut_v off_o that_o month_n set_v forth_o in_o those_o voyage_n so_o soon_o in_o the_o year_n as_o now_o man_n use_v to_o do_v and_o then_o the_o victual_n for_o that_o month_n which_o be_v so_o vain_o and_o with_o such_o great_a danger_n consume_v may_v well_o maintain_v those_o man_n which_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o country_n all_o the_o winter_n season_n till_o the_o ship_n return_v to_o they_o again_o with_o a_o very_a small_a addition_n to_o it_o and_o if_o it_o may_v so_o please_v your_o majesty_n that_o any_o subject_n which_o will_v undertake_v to_o settle_v people_n in_o the_o newfoundland_n shall_v have_v this_o privilege_n that_o in_o case_n he_o leave_v there_o a_o five_o person_n of_o such_o which_o he_o carry_v thither_o in_o his_o fish_n voyage_n to_o inhabit_v whereby_o those_o man_n so_o leave_v may_v keep_v a_o certain_a place_n continual_o for_o their_o fish_n and_o dry_v thereof_o whensoever_o their_o ship_n arrive_v thither_o then_o will_v all_o such_o which_o leave_v people_n there_o build_v strong_a and_o fit_v necessary_a room_n for_o all_o purpose_n and_o then_o in_o some_o of_o those_o necessary_a house_n or_o room_n they_o may_v put_v their_o fish_n when_o it_o be_v dry_v which_o fish_n now_o stand_v after_o such_o time_n it_o be_v dry_v until_o it_o be_v ship_v which_o be_v common_o above_o two_o month_n in_o great_a heap_n pack_v up_o uncover_v in_o all_o the_o heat_n and_o rain_n that_o fall_v whereby_o great_a abundance_n of_o good_a fish_n be_v there_o yearly_o spoil_v and_o cast_v away_o for_o want_n of_o such_o necessary_a room_n and_o for_o the_o want_n of_o such_o fit_a house_n some_o man_n voyage_n to_o my_o knowledge_n have_v be_v great_o overthrow_v and_o then_o a_o mean_a place_n to_o make_v fish_n on_o will_v be_v make_v more_o commodious_a than_o the_o best_a place_n be_v now_o that_o man_n so_o dangerous_o and_o desperate_o run_v for_o every_o year_n and_o thus_o every_o man_n fish_v pinnace_n may_v be_v preserve_v in_o such_o perfect_a readiness_n against_o his_o ship_n shall_v yearly_o arrive_v there_o again_o which_o pinnace_n be_v now_o often_o lose_v and_o sometime_o tear_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o first_o arriver_n there_o very_o disorderly_a and_o if_o such_o pinnace_n and_o such_o stage_n and_o house_n may_v be_v maintain_v and_o keep_v in_o such_o readiness_n yearly_o it_o will_v be_v the_o most_o pleasant_a profitable_a and_o commodious_a trade_n of_o fish_v that_o be_v at_o this_o time_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o then_o every_o ship_n company_n may_v fall_v to_o fish_v the_o very_a next_o or_o second_o day_n after_o their_o arrival_n whereas_o now_o it_o be_v twenty_o day_n until_o they_o be_v fit_v and_o then_o such_o ship_n shall_v not_o need_v so_o soon_o to_o haste_v away_o from_o england_n by_o one_o month_n at_o least_o man_n life_n may_v be_v thereby_o much_o the_o better_o save_v less_o victual_n waste_v and_o many_o danger_n prevent_v and_o so_o every_o ship_n in_o every_o such_o voyage_n may_v gain_v quick_o one_o hundred_o pound_n that_o usual_o carry_v in_o she_o but_o twenty_o man_n more_o than_o now_o they_o do_v by_o leave_v of_o four_o man_n there_o of_o twenty_o and_o as_o the_o proportion_n before_o name_v hold_v for_o leave_v six_o man_n in_o newfoundland_n of_o thirty_o so_o the_o allow_v of_o man_n to_o be_v make_v proportionable_o from_o every_o ship_n will_v soon_o raise_v many_o people_n to_o be_v settle_v in_o every_o harbour_n where_o our_o nation_n use_v to_o fish_n and_o in_o other_o harbour_v there_o also_o in_o little_a time_n some_o ship_n by_o this_o course_n may_v then_o quick_o gain_v two_o hundred_o pound_n &_o some_o three_o hundred_o pound_n and_o more_o according_a to_o their_o greatness_n more_o than_o they_o do_v yearly_o now_o and_o those_o man_n so_o leave_v will_v manure_v land_n for_o come_v see_v board_n and_o fit_a timber_n to_o be_v transport_v from_o thence_o and_o search_v out_o for_o diverse_a commodity_n in_o the_o country_n which_o as_o yet_o lie_v undiscovered_a and_o by_o such_o mean_v the_o land_n will_v be_v in_o little_a time_n fit_o people_v with_o diverse_a poor_a handicraft_n man_n that_o may_v be_v so_o commodious_o carry_v thither_o to_o live_v with_o their_o wife_n and_o that_o no_o man_n else_o shall_v appropriate_v to_o himself_o any_o such_o certain_a place_n and_o commodity_n for_o his_o fish_n voyage_n except_o he_o will_v in_o such_o manner_n settle_v a_o five_o part_n of_o his_o company_n there_o to_o live_v and_o then_o such_o adventurer_n thither_o will_v careful_o provide_v yearly_a for_o such_o as_o they_o leave_v there_o not_o only_o for_o bread_n and_o victual_n but_o likewise_o for_o all_o necessary_a tool_n fit_a for_o any_o kind_n of_o husbandry_n the_o charge_n thereof_o will_v yearly_o repay_v itself_o with_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o labour_n that_o shall_v be_v so_o leave_v there_o with_o great_a advantage_n and_o for_o other_o which_o yearly_a adventure_n thither_o and_o will_v not_o settle_v people_n there_o in_o such_o manner_n they_o may_v hold_v on_o such_o unfit_a course_n in_o set_v on_o to_o that_o country_n and_o take_v their_o place_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o as_o former_o they_o have_v do_v wherein_o i_o be_o persuade_v they_o will_v soon_o grow_v weary_a when_o they_o shall_v see_v the_o great_a commodity_n and_o benefit_n that_o other_o man_n will_v gain_v by_o settle_v of_o people_n there_o by_o this_o mean_n will_v the_o burden_n and_o number_n of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n ship_v be_v great_o increase_v and_o strengthen_v and_o great_a number_n of_o mariner_n yearly_o augment_v and_o then_o our_o ship_n may_v well_o trade_v thither_o two_o voyage_n in_o every_o year_n and_o more_o whereas_o now_o they_o go_v but_o once_o if_o you_o will_v know_v what_o victual_n may_v be_v save_v by_o those_o six_o man_n of_o thirty_o so_o to_o be_v leave_v there_o and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o great_a number_n this_o be_v the_o estimate_n the_o allowance_n of_o victual_n to_o maintain_v every_o six_o man_n to_o carry_v and_o recarry_v they_o outward_o bind_v and_o homeward_o be_v six_o hogshead_n of_o beer_n and_o six_o hundred_o weight_n of_o bread_n beside_o beef_n and_o other_o provision_n which_o man_n when_o they_o sail_v to_o and_o fro_o as_o now_o they_o use_v do_v little_o good_a or_o any_o service_n at_o all_o but_o pester_v the_o ship_n in_o which_o they_o be_v with_o their_o bread_n beer_n water_n wood_n victual_n fish_n chest_n and_o diverse_a other_o trumpery_n that_o every_o such_o six_o man_n do_v cumber_v the_o ship_n withal_o yearly_o from_o thence_o which_o man_n when_o the_o voyage_n be_v make_v may_v be_v account_v unnecessary_a person_n return_v yearly_a from_o thence_o but_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o country_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o aforesaid_a those_o part_n of_o these_o ship_n that_o leave_v those_o man_n there_o that_o be_v so_o pester_v now_o yearly_o with_o such_o unprofitable_a thing_n may_v be_v fill_v up_o yearly_o with_o good_a fish_n and_o many_o beneficial_a commodity_n for_o the_o good_a of_o those_o adventurer_n that_o will_v so_o settle_v people_n there_o to_o plant_v these_o man_n that_o may_v be_v so_o fit_o leave_v in_o the_o country_n will_v not_o only_o be_v free_a from_o the_o peril_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o not_o return_v yearly_a as_o now_o they_o use_v to_o do_v but_o will_v live_v there_o very_o pleasant_o and_o if_o they_o be_v industrious_a people_n gain_v twice_o as_o much_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o leave_v they_o there_o more_o than_o twelve_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o benefit_v their_o master_n that_o be_v keep_v upon_o most_o farm_n in_o england_n in_o a_o whole_a year_n for_o certain_o i_o have_v already_o see_v and_o know_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o desire_a plantation_n can_v never_o be_v make_v beneficial_a by_o such_o idle_a person_n as_o i_o find_v there_o the_o year_n 1618._o when_o i_o be_v there_o with_o power_n
increase_v both_o in_o number_n and_o burden_n which_o will_v be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o your_o majesty_n and_o a_o notable_a defence_n and_o addition_n of_o strength_n unto_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n work_n many_o more_o poor_a artificer_n and_o other_o will_v be_v then_o in_o great_a number_n hereby_o set_v a_o work_n than_o now_o there_o be_v and_o by_o the_o increase_n and_o better_n of_o this_o trade_n a_o great_a augmentation_n of_o your_o majesty_n revenue_n in_o your_o custom_n must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v and_o certain_o if_o this_o trade_n and_o plantation_n be_v once_o settle_v in_o such_o manner_n it_o will_v prove_v more_o commodious_a and_o beneficial_a than_o any_o other_o plantation_n your_o majesty_n have_v elsewhere_o for_o as_o i_o have_v say_v it_o bring_v in_o great_a wealth_n and_o carry_v away_o nothing_o but_o a_o little_a victual_n away_o which_o will_v be_v consume_v by_o so_o many_o idle_a person_n in_o less_o than_o half_a the_o time_n which_o have_v no_o employment_n and_o yet_o the_o kingdom_n receive_v no_o benefit_n by_o such_o drone_n neither_o much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v to_o this_o purpose_n britain_n but_o i_o desire_v not_o to_o invent_v or_o enlarge_v matter_n beyond_o my_o observation_n yet_o thus_o much_o also_o may_v i_o true_o say_v that_o the_o fish_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o newfoundland_n be_v a_o sure_a and_o good_a trade_n to_o great_a britain_n and_o therefore_o deserve_v to_o be_v cherish_v for_o trade_v thither_o and_o return_v home_o thence_o we_o little_o fear_v the_o turk_n bondage_n and_o circumcision_n nor_o any_o outlandish_a inquisition_n nor_o the_o imbarkement_n of_o any_o prince_n nor_o such_o contagious_a heat_n as_o those_o find_v that_o trade_n near_o the_o line_n neither_o the_o danger_n and_o hurt_n of_o art-worme_n wherewith_o ship_n that_o trade_n to_o most_o part_n southward_o be_v sometime_o much_o hurt_v nor_o many_o other_o hazard_n and_o inconvenience_n to_o which_o some_o of_o our_o other_o trade_n be_v subject_a and_o as_o this_o plantation_n will_v be_v in_o all_o respect_n so_o beneficial_a as_o any_o of_o those_o your_o majesty_n hold_v abroad_o elsewhere_o so_o may_v the_o same_o be_v effectual_o proceed_v on_o in_o much_o more_o safety_n and_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n less_o charge_n for_o first_o of_o all_o touch_v the_o transportation_n of_o man_n â—ate_z victual_n and_o other_o necessary_n from_o hence_o into_o newfoundland_n it_o will_v be_v by_o the_o cheap_a and_o easy_a way_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v for_o there_o will_v be_v no_o occasion_n to_o hire_v any_o ship_n express_o for_o that_o voyage_n as_o be_v usual_o do_v to_o other_o of_o your_o majesty_n plantation_n from_o whence_o have_v unloden_v ship_n return_v sometime_o with_o few_o commodity_n but_o those_o ship_n that_o go_v yearly_o empty_a to_o the_o newfoundland_n only_o to_o load_v fish_n and_o train_n oil_n and_o so_o to_o depart_v from_o thence_o can_v be_v less_o in_o number_n then_o 40._o sail_n therefore_o whatsoever_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a and_o necessary_a to_o be_v transport_v from_o hence_o towards_o the_o furtherance_n and_o set_v forward_o of_o that_o plantation_n may_v be_v by_o those_o ship_n and_o bark_n carry_v thither_o with_o a_o very_a little_a charge_n and_o without_o trouble_n or_o hindrance_n to_o their_o voyage_n and_o for_o the_o provide_v and_o furnish_n of_o the_o plantation_n with_o victual_n and_o provision_n for_o their_o livelihood_n the_o chief_a want_n at_o the_o beginning_n will_v be_v corn_n the_o country_n itself_o yield_v plenty_n of_o beast_n foul_a fish_n and_o fruit_n as_o be_v before_o speak_v of_o yea_o much_o good_a fish_n be_v there_o yearly_o cast_v away_o which_o may_v be_v make_v good_a food_n for_o the_o planter_n if_o it_o be_v preserve_v and_o if_o need_v be_v ship_n may_v sail_v from_o thence_o in_o five_o day_n with_o a_o fair_a wind_n to_o the_o land_n of_o flower_n victual_n and_o azores_n which_o land_n abound_v in_o wheat_n beef_n sheep_n goat_n hog_n hen_n potato_n muske-millions_a onion_n and_o many_o other_o fruit_n which_o they_o may_v have_v there_o at_o cheap_a rate_n and_o if_o that_o shall_v fail_v our_o country_n man_n that_o stay_v there_o may_v be_v supply_v with_o as_o little_a inconvenience_n and_o prejudice_n as_o to_o any_o other_o plantation_n until_o the_o country_n shall_v be_v by_o their_o pain_n and_o industry_n make_v fit_a to_o bear_v corne._n for_o the_o settle_n of_o people_n there_o i_o have_v sufficient_o declare_v it_o be_v that_o they_o who_o shall_v either_o alone_a or_o with_o their_o family_n voluntary_o go_v thither_o have_v good_a condition_n both_o for_o allow_v they_o land_n and_o other_o convenient_a privilege_n for_o the_o employment_n of_o man_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o ship_n it_o will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a in_o many_o respect_n man_n so_o that_o although_o thousand_o of_o your_o majesty_n people_n shall_v at_o once_o go_v thither_o yet_o there_o will_v be_v present_a employment_n for_o they_o all_o no_o man_n shall_v need_v to_o live_v idle_o for_o want_v of_o work_n and_o as_o newfoundland_n be_v near_a to_o we_o by_o more_o than_o 400._o league_n then_o virginia_n man_n and_o far_o from_o any_o of_o the_o plantation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n which_o peradventure_o may_v make_v this_o business_n the_o more_o difficult_a so_o those_o of_o this_o plantation_n will_v have_v a_o great_a comfort_n and_o encouragement_n above_o all_o other_o in_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v leave_v desolate_a in_o a_o remote_a country_n to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o as_o some_o have_v be_v but_o that_o after_o five_o month_n past_a they_o shall_v again_o see_v great_a number_n of_o their_o country_n man_n and_o have_v their_o company_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n neither_o be_v there_o in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n any_o savage_n to_o oppose_v and_o resist_v our_o man_n plant_n trade_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o many_o other_o place_n those_o that_o be_v there_o live_v in_o the_o north_n and_o west_n part_n of_o the_o country_n as_o have_v be_v say_v where_o our_o nation_n trade_v not_o but_o on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n side_n of_o the_o land_n where_o the_o english_a do_v fish_n and_o which_o be_v the_o fit_a place_n for_o a_o plantation_n there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o sign_n or_o appearance_n that_o ever_o there_o be_v any_o habitation_n of_o the_o savage_n or_o that_o they_o ever_o come_v into_o those_o part_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o trinity_n bay_n of_o which_o i_o can_v also_o give_v some_o reason_n if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n needless_a to_o trouble_v this_o discourse_n withal_o and_o as_o they_o shall_v stand_v in_o no_o fear_n to_o receive_v hurt_v from_o the_o savage_n savage_n so_o may_v they_o be_v easy_o secure_v against_o the_o injury_n of_o pirate_n who_o sometime_o come_v thither_o and_o not_o only_o take_v from_o the_o fisherman_n victual_n and_o other_o provision_n and_o munition_n and_o have_v thereby_o strengthen_v themselves_o but_o also_o have_v carry_v away_o from_o they_o many_o serviceable_a mariner_n into_o barbary_n and_o other_o part_n and_o thereby_o make_v many_o a_o poor_a widow_n and_o fatherless_a child_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o those_o man_n so_o carry_v from_o the_o newfoundland_n who_o see_v their_o estate_n and_o their_o family_n so_o overthrow_v may_v be_v provoke_v to_o animate_v the_o turk_n man_n of_o war_n to_o sail_v thither_o to_o take_v the_o spoil_n of_o our_o nation_n and_o other_o that_o be_v yearly_o a_o fish_n on_o that_o coast_n which_o god_n defend_v whereby_o to_o hinder_v that_o trade_n or_o the_o desire_a plantation_n the_o which_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v so_o to_o be_v fear_v may_v be_v easy_o prevent_v by_o maintain_v two_o good_a ship_n of_o war_n of_o 200._o ton_n a_o piece_n and_o two_o pinnace_n of_o 40._o ton_n a_o piece_n well_o provide_v to_o be_v there_o maintain_v all_o the_o summer_n time_n and_o that_o the_o commander_n of_o they_o may_v have_v power_n that_o if_o any_o great_a force_n of_o the_o turk_n or_o any_o other_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n come_v thither_o whereby_o to_o disturb_v your_o majesty_n subject_n in_o their_o trade_n of_o fish_v or_o attempt_v to_o hinder_v the_o plantation_n that_o then_o to_o raise_v a_o great_a force_n from_o the_o fisherman_n and_o planter_n to_o defend_v any_o such_o attempt_n the_o charge_n of_o which_o ship_n &_o pinnace_n of_o war_n so_o to_o be_v yearly_o maintain_v there_o for_o that_o service_n pirate_n may_v be_v easy_o and_o commendable_o defraied_a with_o your_o majesty_n allowance_n therein_o if_o every_o ship_n and_o vessel_n of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n fish_v on_o that_o coast_n will_v voluntary_o contribute_v thereunto_o the_o value_n of_o half_a a_o good_a day_n fish_v in_o
the_o whole_a voyage_n which_o will_v be_v abundant_o recompense_v unto_o they_o in_o regard_n that_o they_o may_v then_o fish_v continual_o and_o secure_o many_o a_o day_n fish_v the_o more_o in_o every_o voyage_n which_o now_o oftentimes_o they_o dare_v not_o do_v and_o then_o these_o two_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o two_o pinnace_n so_o to_o be_v maintain_v by_o such_o a_o small_a contribution_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o their_o service_n at_o newfoundland_n in_o dry_a fish_n they_o will_v so_o scour_v the_o sea_n every_o year_n go_v forth_o thitherward_o bind_v and_o likewise_o in_o their_o return_n that_o no_o pirate_n of_o any_o nation_n dare_v come_v near_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n neither_o to_o lie_v in_o wait_n in_o the_o course_n sail_v to_o and_o from_o the_o newfoundland_n for_o those_o that_o trade_n thither_o as_o yearly_o heretofore_o they_o have_v do_v and_o overthrow_v many_o a_o man_n voyage_n for_o which_o course_n war_n we_o have_v the_o example_n of_o our_o neighbour_n the_o hollander_n who_o general_o in_o all_o their_o trade_n but_o most_o special_o in_o their_o fish_n upon_o your_o majesty_n seacoast_n be_v attend_v with_o man_n of_o war_n which_o be_v defray_v by_o a_o certain_a contribution_n from_o those_o man_n in_o who_o defence_n they_o be_v employ_v and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o merchant_n and_o trader_n of_o holland_n receive_v far_o great_a assurance_n and_o benefit_n then_o if_o every_o merchant_n ship_n shall_v set_v themselves_o forth_o in_o warlike_a manner_n in_o their_o own_o defence_n for_o beside_o the_o security_n they_o have_v and_o save_v the_o charge_n which_o such_o provision_n will_v require_v they_o have_v much_o the_o more_o room_n in_o their_o merchant_n ship_n for_o their_o commodity_n thâ—â—_n and_o these_o ship_n thus_o send_v to_o guard_v their_o fleet_n which_o be_v call_v wafter_n do_v continual_o breed_v many_o serviceable_a seaman_n not_o only_o mariner_n but_o also_o good_a soldier_n and_o fit_a commander_n that_o be_v well_o experience_v how_o to_o command_v in_o ship_n upon_o all_o occasion_n for_o without_o such_o fit_a commander_n in_o good_a ship_n there_o be_v but_o small_a hope_n of_o good_a service_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o they_o and_o if_o the_o newfoundland_n man_n may_v be_v thus_o guard_v with_o two_o such_o ship_n and_o two_o pinnace_n it_o will_v not_o only_o in_o little_a time_n breed_v many_o a_o gentleman_n and_o other_o in_o they_o to_o be_v experience_v how_o to_o command_v in_o ship_n upon_o any_o occasion_n of_o service_n but_o also_o it_o will_v make_v your_o majesty_n subject_n ship_n that_o trade_n thither_o so_o strong_a that_o they_o need_v not_o fear_v the_o great_a force_n that_o any_o prince_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n send_v thither_o to_o disturb_v or_o hinder_v they_o neither_o in_o return_v from_o thence_o upon_o any_o occasion_n to_o do_v your_o majesty_n service_n if_o after_o all_o this_o i_o shall_v be_v demand_v by_o those_o which_o know_v not_o the_o country_n what_o other_o place_n in_o the_o land_n be_v also_o fit_a to_o be_v people_v at_o first_o so_o well_o as_o the_o harbour_n of_o trepassey_n &_o trinity_n of_o which_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v whereby_o those_o which_o will_v adventure_v thither_o may_v not_o be_v doubtful_a to_o plant_v in_o other_o habor_n although_o i_o have_v first_o express_v they_o for_o some_o special_a reason_n as_o it_o may_v be_v well_o understand_v the_o one_o of_o they_o lie_v north-most_a where_o our_o nation_n use_v to_o fish_n near_o the_o savage_n and_o the_o other_o lie_v on_o the_o south-most_a part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o near_o unto_o the_o passage_n of_o diverse_a ship_n that_o sail_v yearly_a to_o and_o from_o other_o place_n of_o the_o world_n as_o be_v already_o plain_o show_v yet_o there_o be_v many_o other_o excellent_a good_a harbour_n where_o our_o nation_n use_v to_o fish_n lie_v between_o they_o both_o which_o be_v very_o good_a for_o ship_n to_o more_o fast_o at_o anchor_n and_o easy_o to_o be_v defend_v from_o enemy_n that_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n attempt_v to_o molest_v such_o as_o shall_v plant_v in_o they_o and_o better_o for_o fish_v then_o either_o of_o the_o foresay_a two_o harbour_n be_v of_o which_o i_o will_v particular_o express_v some_o of_o their_o name_n first_o the_o harbour_n of_o sant_n johns_n foriland_n fish_n formosa_fw-la agafort_n harbour_v the_o grace_n renouze_n and_o diverse_a other_o good_a harbour_n bay_n and_o road_n where_o there_o be_v good_a fish_n and_o be_v fit_a place_n for_o ship_n to_o ride_v in_o the_o summer_n time_n &_o as_o it_o be_v already_o show_v that_o the_o bottom_n of_o diverse_a bay_n that_o be_v express_v to_o be_v in_o this_o south_n part_n of_o the_o land_n do_v even_o meet_v together_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o small_a circuit_n near_o unto_o the_o bay_n of_o trepassey_n so_o likewise_o not_o far_o from_o trepassey_n which_o lie_v six_o league_n to_o the_o west_n from_o the_o south_n cape_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v call_v cape_n derasse_fw-la and_o six_o league_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o the_o say_a cape_n lie_v the_o harbour_n of_o renouze_n which_o be_v a_o place_n easy_o to_o be_v defend_v there_o be_v at_o a_o low_a ebb_n not_o 18._o foot_n water_n fine_a sand_n yet_o in_o danger_n to_o be_v spoil_v by_o the_o stone_n and_o ballast_n that_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o same_o ship_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o great_a heap_n when_o the_o water_n be_v clear_a as_o common_o it_o be_v in_o a_o fair_a sunshining_a day_n these_o stone_n and_o ballast_n so_o throw_v into_o the_o harbour_n by_o christian_n if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o better_a course_n take_v therein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v sorrow_v that_o the_o offender_n be_v not_o severe_o punish_v tillage_n close_o adjoin_v to_o the_o harbour_n of_o renouze_n be_v above_o 200._o acre_n of_o good_a land_n that_o be_v clear_a without_o wood_n or_o rock_n and_o lie_v commodious_o to_o be_v overflow_v with_o fresh_a river_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n with_o very_o little_a labour_n as_o i_o have_v well_o observe_v and_o within_o a_o mile_n further_o off_o from_o the_o say_a harbour_n lie_v many_o hundred_o acre_n more_o of_o very_o good_a open_a land_n that_o be_v able_a to_o receive_v and_o relieve_v many_o hundred_o of_o cattle_n and_o fit_a with_o little_a labour_n to_o be_v manure_v for_o tillage_n deer_n there_o be_v yearly_o near_o unto_o the_o say_a harbour_n of_o renouze_n great_a store_n of_o deer_n see_v and_o sometime_o diverse_a of_o they_o have_v be_v take_v there_o be_v a_o man_n yet_o live_v that_o be_v once_o at_o newfoundland_n in_o a_o ship_n with_o i_o and_o he_o in_o one_o voyage_n do_v there_o near_o unto_o the_o harbour_n of_o renouze_n kill_v 18._o very_a large_a and_o fat_a deer_n as_o it_o be_v well_o know_v yet_o he_o go_v with_o his_o piece_n but_o seldom_o for_o that_o purpose_n and_o will_v then_o have_v kill_v many_o more_o if_o he_o may_v have_v be_v spare_v from_o other_o labour_n to_o attend_v thereon_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v well_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o deer_n flesh_n in_o that_o country_n wood_n and_o no_o want_n of_o good_a fish_n good_a fowl_n good_a fresh_a water_n and_o store_n of_o wood_n etc._n etc._n from_o the_o say_a harbour_n of_o renouze_n it_o be_v not_o above_o ten_o mile_n over_o land_n to_o the_o harbour_n of_o trepassey_n and_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o trinity_n bay_n and_o within_o three_o league_n unto_o the_o harbour_n of_o renouze_n be_v three_o very_a good_a harbour_n where_o our_o nation_n use_v to_o fish_n which_o lie_v to_o the_o northward_o of_o it_o now_o whereas_o there_o have_v be_v report_v make_v of_o great_a cold_a in_o that_o country_n by_o people_n that_o have_v trade_v thither_o who_o i_o suppose_v never_o see_v any_o other_o country_n but_o only_o that_o and_o their_o own_o native_a soil_n and_o such_o when_o they_o have_v return_v from_o thence_o one_o voyage_n though_o they_o never_o understand_v or_o feel_v the_o nature_n and_o temperature_n of_o other_o climate_n neither_o consider_v the_o goodness_n of_o newfoundland_n as_o it_o be_v now_o partly_o make_v know_v have_v give_v a_o great_a deal_n worse_a report_n of_o that_o country_n then_o in_o reason_n they_o shall_v and_o if_o such_o be_v but_o a_o little_a acquaint_v or_o will_v understand_v of_o the_o great_a cold_a that_o be_v at_o time_n in_o muscovia_n sweidon_n norway_n spruceland_n poland_n denmark_n and_o other_o eastern_a and_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o the_o people_n live_v well_o and_o grow_v rich_a such_o ill_a reporter_n of_o newfoundland_n will_v alter_v their_o opinion_n and_o although_o the_o ice_n be_v so_o great_a
in_o those_o other_o part_v the_o winter_n season_n common_o four_o month_n together_o that_o neither_o ship_n nor_o boat_n can_v pass_v in_o all_o that_o time_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o but_o lie_v still_o fast_o freeze_v yet_o in_o that_o season_n where_o ship_n use_v to_o sail_v the_o summer_n time_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o cart_n and_o coach_n do_v pass_v upon_o the_o ice_n ship_n also_o in_o holland_n and_o in_o those_o near_a place_n in_o some_o winter_n do_v lie_v there_o fast_o freeze_a a_o long_a time_n together_o and_o likewise_o it_o have_v be_v in_o some_o winter_n so_o hard_o freeze_v in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n above_o london-bridge_n near_o the_o court_n that_o the_o tender_a fair_a lady_n and_o gentlewoman_n that_o be_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n who_o have_v behold_v it_o and_o great_a number_n of_o people_n have_v there_o sport_v on_o the_o ice_n many_o day_n together_o and_o have_v feel_v it_o cold_o there_o than_o man_n do_v that_o live_v in_o newfoundland_n now_o if_o such_o man_n when_o they_o come_v from_o thence_o that_o have_v but_o little_a experience_n of_o the_o cold_a in_o other_o country_n neither_o take_v due_a observation_n of_o the_o cold_a that_o be_v sometime_o in_o england_n will_v listen_v to_o man_n that_o have_v trade_v in_o the_o summer_n time_n to_o greeneland_n for_o the_o kill_n of_o whale_n and_o make_v of_o that_o train_n oil_n which_o be_v a_o good_a trade_n find_v out_o and_o consider_v well_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o great_a land_n of_o ice_n that_o those_o ship_n and_o man_n be_v there_o trouble_v withal_o at_o time_n they_o will_v thereby_o be_v persuade_v to_o speak_v little_a of_o the_o cold_a in_o newfoundland_n yet_o praise_v be_v god_n seldom_o any_o of_o those_o ship_n and_o man_n that_o trade_n to_o greeneland_n take_v hurt_v thereby_o wherefore_o i_o desire_v to_o satisfy_v any_o that_o shall_v be_v willing_a to_o further_o this_o plantation_n and_o clear_v those_o report_n and_o doubt_n that_o be_v fear_v by_o some_o people_n of_o the_o cold_a there_o and_o also_o to_o let_v they_o know_v that_o the_o savage_a people_n of_o the_o country_n endure_v it_o so_o well_o that_o they_o live_v there_o naked_a winter_n and_o summer_n and_o also_o myself_o and_o most_o of_o our_o nation_n and_o other_o that_o have_v trade_v there_o endure_v the_o great_a cold_a we_o have_v meet_v withal_o there_o at_o any_o time_n in_o our_o face_n neck_n and_o ear_n as_o well_o as_o any_o gentlewoman_n in_o england_n do_v the_o cold_a in_o their_o naked_a bosom_n neck_n and_o face_n in_o the_o winter_n time_n when_o they_o go_v so_o uncover_v and_o therefore_o i_o do_v conceive_v that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o little_a needless_a chary_a niceness_n use_v by_o some_o that_o trade_n there_o that_o complain_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o cold_a in_o that_o country_n by_o keep_v themselves_o too_o warm_a which_o cold_a i_o suppose_v some_o that_o have_v be_v there_o may_v feel_v the_o more_o if_o they_o have_v be_v much_o accustom_v to_o drink_v tobacco_n strong_a ale_n double_a beer_n or_o have_v be_v accustom_v to_o sit_v by_o a_o tavern_n fire_n or_o touch_v with_o the_o french_a disease_n such_o when_o they_o come_v to_o a_o little_a cold_a wheresoever_o they_o be_v feel_v the_o cold_a more_o extreme_o than_o otherwise_o they_o will_v furthermore_o they_o may_v be_v also_o more_o full_o satisfy_v of_o the_o cold_a in_o that_o country_n by_o a_o gentleman_n one_o master_n john_n guy_n late_a mayor_n of_o the_o city_n of_o bristol_n that_o live_v there_o two_o year_n together_o with_o diverse_a other_o of_o sort_n and_o quality_n many_o year_n so_o pleasant_o and_o healthful_a with_o their_o wife_n and_o family_n as_o if_o they_o have_v live_v in_o england_n and_o whereas_o there_o come_v some_o year_n upon_o that_o coast_n great_a land_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v congeal_v in_o the_o north_n far_o from_o thence_o as_o it_o may_v be_v well_o perceive_v and_o that_o the_o coast_n of_o newfoundland_n lie_v in_o longitude_n from_o the_o south_n cape_n thereof_o to_o the_o grand_a bay_n which_o be_v the_o north-most_a part_n of_o the_o country_n north_n north-east_n and_o south_n south-west_n above_o five_o degree_n and_o that_o from_o thence_o any_o ship_n be_v off_o from_o that_o coast_n twelve_o league_n and_o sail_v north_n north-east_n may_v run_v on_o till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o northward_o of_o 70._o degree_n and_o no_o land_n to_o hinder_v he_o neither_o from_o thence_o any_o land_n find_v in_o that_o altitude_n direct_o east_n unto_o greeneland_n where_o the_o trade_n be_v for_o kill_v of_o whale_n which_o be_v above_o 400._o league_n distance_n from_o that_o course_n therefore_o it_o may_v be_v well_o understand_v as_o it_o have_v be_v approve_v by_o diverse_a man_n that_o have_v attempt_v to_o seek_v out_o some_o new_a discovery_n in_o those_o north_n part_n of_o the_o world_n that_o there_o be_v always_o abundance_n of_o 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the_o same_o fog_n so_o that_o a_o man_n may_v observe_v when_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o year_n come_v on_o a_o kind_n of_o fog_n arise_v continual_o from_o it_o therefore_o in_o my_o opinion_n hot_a which_o i_o submit_v to_o deep_a judgement_n if_o those_o unnecessary_a bush_n and_o such_o unseruiceable_a wood_n be_v in_o some_o place_n burn_v so_o as_o the_o hot_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n may_v pierce_v into_o the_o earth_n and_o stone_n there_o so_o speedy_o as_o it_o do_v in_o some_o other_o country_n that_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n it_o will_v then_o there_o make_v such_o a_o reflection_n of_o heat_n that_o it_o will_v much_o lessen_v these_o fog_n and_o also_o make_v the_o country_n much_o the_o hot_a winter_n and_o summer_n and_o thereby_o the_o earth_n will_v bud_v forth_o her_o blossom_n and_o fruit_n more_o timely_a in_o the_o year_n than_o now_o it_o do_v and_o so_o bring_v the_o land_n more_o familiar_a to_o we_o and_o fit_a for_o tillage_n and_o for_o beast_n and_o also_o for_o land-fowle_a then_o now_o it_o be_v and_o thereby_o those_o land_n of_o ice_n that_o come_v on_o that_o coast_n at_o any_o time_n will_v the_o soon_o dissolve_v which_o do_v speedy_o melt_v when_o they_o come_v near_o the_o south_n part_n of_o that_o land_n etc._n etc._n also_o it_o may_v be_v object_v by_o some_o that_o the_o country_n be_v rocky_a and_o mountainous_a and_o so_o overgrow_v with_o tree_n &_o bush_n in_o such_o a_o wilderness_n that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o endless_a trouble_n to_o bring_v it_o to_o good_a perfection_n and_o such_o like_a objection_n be_v often_o use_v as_o if_o they_o will_v have_v such_o a_o land_n cleanse_v to_o they_o without_o labour_n yet_o my_o hope_n be_v when_o any_o such_o
shall_v read_v over_o this_o discourse_n and_o consider_v well_o of_o the_o particular_a motive_n herein_o express_v whereby_o a_o plantation_n there_o shall_v be_v embrace_v they_o will_v be_v well_o satisfy_v therein_o and_o i_o suppose_v forbear_v to_o say_v it_o be_v such_o a_o rocky_a and_o cold_a country_n as_o be_v unfit_a to_o be_v plant_v i_o have_v be_v several_a time_n in_o norway_n where_o the_o country_n be_v in_o most_o place_n more_o rocky_a and_o mountainous_a than_o the_o newfoundland_n and_o lie_v above_o six_o degree_n more_o to_o the_o north_n and_o yet_o very_o beneficial_a to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n where_o many_o of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n live_v pleasant_o but_o the_o newfoundland_n be_v much_o more_o pleasant_a to_o live_v in_o i_o have_v often_o see_v the_o coast_n of_o biskay_n and_o portugal_n all_o along_o the_o sea-coast_n how_o rocky_a barren_a and_o mountainous_a these_o country_n be_v in_o most_o place_n although_o they_o lie_v in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o temperate_a climate_n if_o such_o which_o shall_v dispraise_v the_o newfoundland_n have_v see_v it_o as_o i_o have_v they_o will_v not_o only_o like_o well_o and_o be_v in_o love_n to_o further_a the_o desire_a plantation_n but_o also_o admire_v how_o the_o people_n in_o those_o other_o country_n do_v live_v by_o their_o good_a industry_n and_o seek_v out_o little_a place_n among_o the_o rock_n and_o in_o the_o side_n of_o hill_n and_o mountain_n vine_n to_o set_v and_o sow_v their_o seed_n for_o root_n cabage_n onion_n and_o such_o like_a whereby_o they_o receive_v great_a comfort_n for_o all_o alongst_o those_o part_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n their_o best_a mean_n of_o live_v be_v by_o fish_v and_o other_o trade_n by_o sea_n the_o like_a benefit_n may_v all_o such_o have_v that_o will_v plant_v at_o newfoundland_n and_o much_o better_a in_o many_o other_o thing_n as_o be_v already_o sufficient_o touch_v likewise_o it_o be_v well_o know_v to_o all_o those_o that_o 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commodity_n have_v from_o thence_o to_o be_v employ_v therein_o likewise_o from_o granada_n to_o carthagena_n alicant_n denia_n and_o from_o thence_o even_o to_o the_o city_n of_o valencia_n which_o be_v a_o large_a circuit_n the_o most_o part_v all_o along_o as_o i_o have_v travel_v by_o land_n be_v very_o barren_a rocky_a and_o mountainous_a that_o very_o few_o cattle_n sheep_n goat_n or_o any_o other_o beast_n be_v able_a to_o live_v there_o &_o yet_o do_v the_o people_n in_o those_o part_n use_v great_a industry_n to_o plant_v their_o vine_n and_o other_o fruit_n whereby_o they_o seek_v out_o their_o best_a mean_n they_o have_v to_o live_v and_o likewise_o also_o in_o diverse_a other_o place_n near_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n from_o thence_o to_o bassalonia_n marseilles_n savoy_n and_o genua_n and_o in_o diverse_a other_o place_n in_o italy_n these_o country_n be_v very_o rocky_a and_o mountainous_a and_o yet_o those_o place_n do_v abound_v with_o many_o other_o rich_a blessing_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o people_n good_a industry_n there_o and_o so_o by_o reason_n thereof_o the_o people_n in_o all_o those_o part_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o biskay_n unto_o italy_n and_o also_o the_o most_o part_n of_o france_n gascoigne_n britain_n normandy_n and_o picardy_n be_v by_o the_o newfoundland_n fish_n great_o relieve_v which_o fish_n be_v in_o all_o those_o part_n in_o great_a request_n and_o steed_n they_o great_o and_o do_v sell_v very_o well_o there_o most_o common_o and_o so_o likewise_o in_o england_n great_a abundance_n thereof_o be_v spend_v which_o be_v well_o consider_v i_o know_v no_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a but_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o all_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n shall_v be_v most_o willing_a to_o further_o that_o plantation_n and_o show_v their_o good_a industry_n to_o cleanse_v land_n there_o for_o corn_n and_o woade_n and_o plant_v diverse_a kind_n of_o fruit_n which_o questionless_a will_v also_o prove_v very_o well_o there_o and_o then_o will_v it_o be_v to_o all_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n such_o a_o nursery_n to_o get_v wealth_n and_o increase_v and_o maintain_v ship_n and_o beget_v serviceable_a seaman_n as_o great_a britain_n have_v never_o the_o like_a with_o these_o good_a blessing_n which_o be_v before_o recite_v be_v follow_v by_o industrious_a spirit_n there_o be_v a_o great_a hope_n of_o a_o plentiful_a harvest_n unto_o your_o majesty_n and_o kingdom_n thereby_o god_n send_v good_a seeds-man_n and_o planter_n to_o set_v it_o forward_o as_o i_o trust_v in_o god_n it_o will_v have_v see_v it_o have_v already_o have_v many_o right_n honourable_a and_o worthy_a father_n to_o commend_v it_o and_o although_o that_o since_o i_o presume_v to_o write_v this_o discourse_n i_o have_v be_v often_o disharten_v from_o proceed_v herein_o yet_o when_o i_o do_v remember_v columbus_n his_o good_a endeavour_n that_o first_o and_o patient_a discoverer_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n who_o if_o god_n have_v not_o harten_v he_o on_o with_o a_o worthy_a mind_n and_o a_o bosom_n arm_v for_o all_o the_o storm_n of_o cross_a fortune_n he_o have_v never_o finish_v that_o honourable_a attempt_n for_o find_v such_o a_o happy_a business_n out_o the_o which_o discovery_n of_o he_o have_v ever_o since_o fill_v the_o spanish_a coffer_n with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o make_v that_o nation_n lord_n of_o the_o great_a riches_n under_o the_o sun_n and_o although_o that_o attempt_n of_o he_o be_v hold_v at_o first_o impossible_a to_o to_o come_v any_o good_a effect_n &_o columbus_n laugh_v at_o by_o some_o yet_o ever_o sithence_o by_o his_o attempt_n i_o may_v say_v that_o spain_n have_v have_v from_o thence_o to_o help_v to_o furnish_v other_o christian_a kingdom_n with_o gold_n silver_n and_o diverse_a other_o great_a riches_n and_o also_o now_o to_o that_o country_n so_o discover_v those_o commodity_n that_o great_a britain_n may_v yearly_o well_o spare_v and_o other_o country_n also_o be_v the_o better_o vent_v and_o so_o likewise_o may_v the_o newfoundland_n and_o the_o part_n of_o america_n near_o thereunto_o prove_v beneficial_a for_o diverse_a trade_n in_o little_a time_n these_o good_a motive_n consider_v what_o great_a good_a come_v unto_o christian_a kingdom_n by_o foreign_a plantation_n and_o what_o infinite_a wealth_n be_v yearly_o bring_v from_o the_o west_n indies_n into_o spain_n as_o i_o have_v there_o see_v land_v do_v put_v i_o in_o great_a hope_n that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o orderly_a plantation_n settle_v in_o newfoundland_n the_o trade_n to_o that_o country_n by_o your_o majesty_n subject_n and_o other_o place_n thereby_o may_v yearly_o be_v so_o beneficial_a to_o your_o majesty_n and_o your_o highness_n other_o kingdom_n as_o the_o west_n indies_n be_v now_o yearly_o worth_a to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n now_o have_v thus_o commend_v the_o country_n of_o newfoundland_n in_o my_o opinion_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o least_o motive_n whereby_o to_o further_a this_o plantation_n the_o set_n of_o some_o better_a order_n and_o government_n among_o the_o fisherman_n and_o all_o other_o of_o our_o nation_n that_o yearly_a trade_n there_o then_o now_o there_o be_v so_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o reformation_n of_o such_o abuse_n as_o be_v there_o yearly_o commit_v wherein_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o i_o have_v already_o use_v my_o best_a endeavour_n in_o the_o year_n 1615._o at_o which_o time_n i_o have_v a_o commission_n with_o i_o for_o that_o purpose_n under_o the_o broad_a seal_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o do_v then_o therewith_o set_v forth_o to_o follow_v that_o service_n from_o the_o port_n of_o exeter_n in_o the_o county_n of_o devon_n on_o the_o 11._o day_n of_o may_n 1615._o in_o a_o bark_n victual_v and_o man_v with_o 11._o man_n and_o boy_n at_o my_o own_o charge_n and_o i_o do_v then_o arrive_v at_o the_o coast_n of_o newfoundland_n
whereby_o to_o prevent_v such_o further_a danger_n and_o inconueniency_n in_o that_o country_n and_o to_o further_a such_o a_o worthy_a work_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v be_v unjust_o tax_v as_o many_o worthy_a man_n have_v be_v for_o well_o do_v for_o although_o i_o have_v by_o pirate_n and_o other_o cross_n receive_v great_a loss_n yet_o do_v i_o acknowledge_v myself_o much_o bind_v to_o god_n my_o creator_n who_o have_v preserve_v i_o from_o many_o danger_n in_o my_o time_n and_o safe_o to_o return_v with_o my_o ship_n wherein_o i_o be_v i_o do_v also_o most_o humble_o give_v god_n the_o praise_n that_o i_o be_o now_o so_o happy_o arrive_v with_o this_o my_o plain_a and_o true_a discovery_n unto_o the_o view_n of_o your_o most_o sacred_a majesty_n and_o the_o right_n honourable_a lord_n of_o your_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n and_o my_o country_n whereby_o to_o show_v what_o in_o all_o likelihood_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o plantation_n will_v there_o produce_v use_v also_o many_o argument_n motive_n and_o inducement_n to_o persuade_v a_o general_a willingness_n thereunto_o and_o these_o excellent_a benefit_n distribute_v themselves_o between_o your_o majesty_n and_o your_o subject_n your_o highness_n part_n will_v be_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o action_n the_o access_n of_o territory_n increase_v of_o strength_n and_o power_n advantage_n against_o other_o prince_n augmentation_n of_o revenue_n and_o ease_v of_o your_o majesty_n kingdom_n etc._n etc._n the_o subject_n part_n will_v be_v the_o better_n and_o secure_v of_o their_o trade_n enrich_v of_o themselves_o relief_n of_o other_o trade_n and_o a_o mean_n of_o further_a discovery_n but_o these_o two_o have_v a_o relation_n and_o dependency_n the_o one_o on_o the_o other_o that_o neither_o can_v subsist_v without_o the_o other_o i_o will_v not_o therefore_o divide_v your_o majesty_n from_o your_o subject_n your_o highness_n prosperity_n be_v their_o happiness_n and_o their_o wealth_n your_o majesty_n riches_n the_o first_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v hope_v for_o and_o which_o have_v ever_o be_v your_o majesty_n principal_a care_n be_v the_o propagation_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v only_o the_o poor_a unbelieve_a inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n and_o a_o civil_a kind_n of_o government_n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n impossible_a but_o that_o from_o those_o slender_a beginning_n which_o may_v be_v make_v in_o newfoundland_n all_o the_o region_n adjoin_v which_o between_o this_o place_n and_o the_o country_n actual_o possess_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o to_o the_o north_n of_o newfoundland_n be_v so_o spacious_a as_o all_o europe_n may_v be_v convert_v to_o the_o true_a worship_n of_o god_n the_o next_o be_v the_o unite_n of_o a_o country_n so_o beneficial_a already_o and_o so_o promise_v unto_o your_o majesty_n crown_n without_o bloodshed_n charge_n or_o usurpation_n 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land_n and_o worthy_a harbour_n trinity_n harbour_n afford_v diverse_a good_a commodity_n savage_n living_n near_o to_o trinity_n harbour_n the_o bottom_n of_o diâ—â—â—â—_n bay_n meet_v near_o together_o the_o harbour_n of_o trepassey_n lie_v commodious_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n several_a sort_n of_o fruit_n there_o grow_v herb_n and_o flower_n both_o pleasant_a and_o medicinable_a corn_n grow_v there_o yield_v good_a increase_n store_n of_o deer_n and_o other_o beast_n a_o rare_a example_n of_o the_o gentle_a nature_n of_o the_o beast_n of_o that_o country_n plenty_n of_o land-fowle_a great_a store_n of_o land-fowle_a waterfowl_a fresh_a water_n and_o spring_n many_o sort_n of_o timber_n there_o grow_v good_a hope_n of_o mine_n and_o make_v of_o iron_n and_o pitch_n fish_n in_o great_a abundance_n codfishing_a a_o great_a hope_n of_o benefit_n there_o from_o the_o benefit_n arise_v to_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n from_o fish_v upon_o those_o coast_n 250._o sail_v of_o ship_n lie_v upon_o that_o coast_n anno_fw-la 1615._o what_o the_o value_n of_o the_o fish_n contain_v in_o most_o ship_n do_v amount_v unto_o the_o relief_n that_o the_o trade_n there_o will_v afford_v to_o several_a sort_n of_o people_n reason_n induce_v for_o a_o plantation_n there_o first_o reason_n hope_v of_o convert_n the_o inhabitant_n to_o christianity_n second_o reason_n the_o temporal_a benefit_n that_o may_v just_o and_o easy_o arise_v from_o hence_o sir_n hum._n gilbert_n long_v since_o take_v possession_n thereof_o to_o the_o use_n of_o this_o crown_n hope_v of_o join_v america_n or_o some_o part_n thereof_o to_o newfoundland_n mariner_n to_o be_v increase_v no_o nation_n to_o be_v forbid_v fish_v â—urres_n of_o diverse_a sort_n ship_n maintain_v artificer_n set_v on_o work_n wealth_n bring_v in_o none_o carry_v away_o fish_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o newfoundland_n great_a security_n to_o great_a britain_n transport_v of_o â—en_n victual_n â—nd_v other_o necessaries_n 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and_o mountain_n good_a for_o seed_n root_n and_o vine_n