ample_o privilege_v and_o shall_v enjoy_v a_o part_n of_o the_o gain_n for_o themselves_o and_o yet_o bring_v the_o great_a crop_n of_o their_o labour_n into_o his_o coffer_n hereupon_o it_o be_v first_o let_v out_o for_o five_o year_n the_o farmer_n and_o contracter_n bind_v themselves_o to_o send_v such_o a_o stock_n to_o india_n in_o ready_a money_n as_o will_v extend_v for_o 30_o thousand_o quintal_n of_o pepper_n yearly_a conceive_v to_o be_v in_o those_o day_n as_o much_o as_o all_o europe_n can_v annual_o vend_v in_o that_o commodity_n but_o then_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o send_v his_o ship_n to_o india_n to_o lade_v the_o same_o in_o number_n five_o ship_n of_o sufficient_a burden_n yearly_o the_o farmer_n bear_v the_o adventure_n both_o of_o their_o money_n outward_a and_o of_o the_o say_a pepper_n homeward_o lade_v it_o in_o india_n into_o the_o say_a ship_n at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n all_o which_o bring_v into_o portugal_n they_o be_v to_o deliver_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o price_n of_o 12_o ducat_n per_fw-la quintal_n and_o what_o be_v either_o cast_v away_o lose_v or_o take_v be_v to_o be_v bear_v by_o the_o farmer_n the_o king_n pay_v for_o no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v thus_o fair_o lay_v on_o land_n into_o his_o store-house_n at_o lisbon_n neither_o yet_o pay_v he_o ready_a money_n for_o the_o same_o but_o pay_v they_o with_o their_o own_o money_n when_o the_o pepper_n be_v sell_v so_o that_o the_o king_n without_o disbursement_n or_o hazard_n have_v and_o have_v a_o certain_a great_a gain_n without_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o penny_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o the_o farmer_n have_v many_o great_a and_o strong_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n as_o first_o that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o condition_n soever_o he_o be_v may_v any_o way_n deal_v or_o trade_n in_o pepper_n but_o themselves_o which_o be_v still_o strict_o observe_v second_o that_o they_o may_v not_o upon_o any_o occasion_n or_o necessity_n whatsoever_o diminish_v or_o lessen_v the_o say_v ordinary_a stock_n of_o money_n nor_o the_o king_n his_o say_a stint_n of_o ship_v neither_o hinder_v not_o let_v they_o in_o any_o sort_n concern_v the_o lade_n thereof_o which_o be_v also_o strict_o look_v into_o for_o though_o the_o pepper_n be_v for_o the_o king_n be_v own_o person_n or_o proper_a account_n yet_o must_v the_o farmer_n be_v pepper_n be_v first_o lade_v three_o that_o the_o viceroy_n and_o all_o other_o the_o officer_n and_o captain_n in_o india_n shall_v give_v they_o all_o assistance_n help_n and_o favour_n with_o safe_a keep_n guard_v and_o watch_v the_o same_o with_o all_o other_o needful_a office_n as_o shall_v be_v by_o they_o require_v for_o the_o safety_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o say_a pepper_n january_n the_o ship_n of_o pepper_n depart_v from_o cochin_n about_o the_o month_n of_o december_n and_o january_n four_o that_o for_o the_o lade_n and_o provide_v thereof_o the_o say_a farmer_n may_v send_v their_o factor_n into_o india_n with_o their_o servant_n and_o assistant_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o they_o be_v english_a french_a and_o spaniard_n only_o except_v and_o that_o unto_o every_o place_n to_o see_v the_o same_o lade_v and_o dispatch_v away_o and_o in_o late_a time_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o have_v also_o farm_a of_o the_o king_n the_o ship_n and_o their_o fraightment_n with_o large_a condition_n to_o build_v they_o and_o make_v the_o provision_n of_o all_o necessary_n for_o they_o and_o all_o at_o their_o own_o adventure_n and_o if_o the_o ship_n come_v safe_a home_o they_o give_v the_o king_n in_o lieu_n of_o licence_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o every_o ship_n and_o annual_o do_v furnish_v these_o five_o ship_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o for_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v appoint_v to_o go_v in_o they_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o fail_v for_o the_o king_n and_o at_o his_o charge_n and_o have_v but_o only_o their_o meat_n and_o drink_n at_o the_o farmer_n charge_n the_o officer_n and_o sailor_n be_v place_v therein_o by_o the_o king_n admiralty_n which_o the_o farmer_n may_v not_o once_o deny_v or_o refuse_v so_o that_o the_o king_n adventure_v nothing_o neither_o in_o pepper_n nor_o in_o ship_n but_o only_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o he_o lose_v the_o money_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v and_o otherwise_o gain_v by_o the_o farm_n of_o every_o ship_n if_o it_o have_v return_v safe_a and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o pepper_n that_o shall_v have_v be_v deliver_v he_o at_o a_o certain_a price_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n now_o that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o send_v out_o his_o fleet_n to_o meet_v and_o waste_v they_o from_o the_o flemish_a island_n as_o for_o long_a time_n he_o be_v accustom_v to_o do_v and_o the_o king_n be_v find_v so_o near_o to_o look_v to_o this_o farm_n that_o he_o will_v not_o abate_v the_o farmer_n a_o penny_n how_o great_a soever_o their_o loss_n happen_v otherwise_o to_o be_v and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o goa_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o portugal_n in_o india_n now_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o will_v come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n chap._n xciii_o of_o musulipatan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o with_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n chormandel_n musulipatan_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n chormandel_n the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n beginn_v from_o the_o cape_n negapatan_n to_o the_o town_n of_o musulipatan_n between_o which_o say_v place_n be_v find_v a_o place_n call_v st._n thomas_n where_o the_o apostle_n thomas_n be_v say_v to_o have_v preach_v salvation_n to_o these_o nation_n and_o who_o tomb_n be_v have_v still_o in_o great_a reverence_n to_o this_o day_n among_o the_o native_a christian_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o which_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o petipoli_n and_o armagon_n where_o the_o english_a of_o late_o have_v settle_v factory_n that_o have_v dependency_n on_o the_o factory_a of_o musulipatan_n under_o which_o therefore_o i_o will_v include_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n musulipatan_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodious_a situation_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a place_n of_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n where_o the_o english_a have_v to_o that_o purpose_n plant_v a_o factory_a both_o for_o provide_v and_o lade_n hence_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n this_o place_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o same_o coast_n or_o rather_o isthmus_n as_o goa_n be_v with_o the_o city_n beforementioned_a which_o be_v seat_v to_o the_o eastward_o as_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n be_v to_o the_o westward_n the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o adjoin_a river_n run_v down_o from_o bisnagar_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o haven_n with_o the_o wholesomeness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o temperancy_n of_o the_o air_n add_v much_o to_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o in_o matter_n of_o trade_n and_o concurrency_n of_o merchant_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o country_n bear_v many_o commodity_n natural_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v as_o the_o least_o or_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o trade_n in_o india_n chormandel_n commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n from_o this_o place_n and_o coast_n then_o be_v find_v a_o great_a trade_n to_o be_v drive_v into_o bengala_n pegu_n siam_n malacca_n and_o to_o india_n and_o the_o principal_a commodity_n that_o this_o city_n be_v note_v to_o be_v famous_a for_o be_v those_o excellent_a fine_a cotton_n linen_n make_v here_o in_o in_o great_a abundance_n and_o of_o all_o colour_n and_o interweave_v with_o divers_a sort_n of_o loom-work_n and_o flower_n very_o fine_a and_o cunning_o wrought_v and_o therefore_o much_o wear_v in_o india_n and_o better_o esteem_v there_o than_o silk_n as_o indeed_o be_v both_o find_v fine_a and_o rich_a and_o use_v by_o the_o great_a woman_n in_o those_o part_n for_o their_o clothing_n wherein_o be_v find_v interlace_v oftentimes_o thread_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o divers_a other_o rare_a fabric_n of_o cotton_n etc._n etc._n chormandel_n coin_n current_a in_o musilapatan_n and_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n the_o current_a usual_a coin_n in_o musulipatan_n armagon_n petiboli_n st._n thomas_n and_o all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n be_v the_o pagode_n of_o gold_n and_o the_o mahomody_n and_o fanan_n of_o silver_n and_o be_v thus_o value_v a_o pagode_n be_v worth_a 15_o fanans_n or_o in_o english_a 8_o s._n sterling_a a_o fanan_n be_v 9_o cashee_n or_o as_o some_o call_v they_o cupan_n about_o 6¾_n d._n sterling_a a_o mamody_n be_v 32_o pices_fw-la or_o as_o in_o some_o place_n they_o be_v call_v docres_n a_o rial_n of_o â—_o spanish_a be_v here_o 5_o mamody_n or_o 9_o fanans_n or_o 5_o s._n and_o 10_o rialsâ—_n â—_z be_v
and_o duty_n i_o owe_v to_o my_o native_a country_n england_n l._n roberts_n the_o merchant_n map_n of_o commerce_n chap._n i._n the_o description_n of_o country_n conducible_a to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n traffic_n the_o description_n of_o country_n conduce_v to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n before_o i_o descend_v to_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o before_o i_o describe_v the_o situation_n of_o these_o town_n and_o city_n of_o traffic_n which_o here_o i_o intend_v to_o handle_v i_o must_v of_o necessity_n for_o method-sake_n first_o by_o a_o cursory_a draught_n describe_v the_o country_n kingdom_n and_o province_n wherein_o the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o be_v situate_v and_o place_v and_o to_o do_v the_o same_o orderly_a and_o as_o the_o subject_n require_v it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v survey_v the_o mean_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v or_o may_v be_v perform_v which_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a be_v note_v only_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o geography_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v a_o knowledge_n so_o needful_a and_o requisite_a for_o a_o merchant_n factor_n or_o any_o other_o active_a person_n who_o occasion_n may_v draw_v he_o to_o see_v or_o abide_v in_o foreign_a part_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v neglect_v nor_o omit_v neither_o be_v it_o hold_v only_o necessary_a to_o such_o as_o manage_v private_a affair_n by_o merchandize_v as_o merchant_n or_o factor_n who_o be_v lead_v thereto_o by_o the_o motive_n profit_n but_o also_o such_o person_n as_o be_v more_o eminent_a and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o great_a quality_n who_o motive_n be_v the_o public_a affair_n of_o prince_n as_o ambassador_n or_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n by_o travel_v as_o gentltman_n who_o motive_n may_v be_v proper_o term_v curiosity_n of_o mind_n and_o search_v of_o novelty_n whicd_v last_n by_o observe_v the_o fashion_n and_o manner_n of_o divers_a nation_n and_o the_o government_n and_o policy_n of_o those_o kingdom_n do_v dot_v only_o very_o much_o benefit_v themselves_o but_o better_a their_o udnerstanding_n thereby_o make_v their_o knowledge_n more_o capable_a of_o either_o public_a or_o private_a employment_n when_o they_o return_v to_o their_o native_a house_n the_o like_a i_o conceive_v the_o ingenious_a merchant_n or_o factor_n may_v if_o he_o please_v do_v for_o be_v in_o his_o young_a year_n employ_v abroad_o in_o merchandize_v he_o may_v by_o well_o husband_v his_o merchantile_fw-la employment_n and_o time_n join_v a_o future_a benefit_n of_o mind_n to_o a_o present_a profit_n of_o estate_n and_o by_o a_o provident_a judgement_n and_o a_o judicious_a providence_n so_o manage_v his_o idle_a hour_n and_o vacant_a time_n that_o he_o fit_v his_o capacity_n not_o only_o wise_o to_o undertake_v and_o discreet_o to_o undergo_v but_o also_o skilful_o to_o perform_v the_o great_a employment_n that_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o service_n of_o a_o state_n or_o kingdom_n neither_o be_v it_o a_o rare_a or_o extraordinary_a thing_n to_o find_v those_o that_o have_v have_v their_o education_n thus_o to_o have_v prove_v not_o only_o good_a comman-wealths-man_n but_o also_o excellent_a statesman_n our_o own_o country_n have_v afford_v some_o example_n in_o all_o age_n but_o in_o other_o country_n many_o more_o be_v daily_o find_v for_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o from_o this_o school_n those_o ripe_a and_o mature_a judgement_n have_v spring_v up_o that_o in_o many_o country_n abroad_o have_v give_v sufficient_a testimony_n to_o the_o world_n of_o their_o excellent_a ability_n this_o way_n and_o that_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v together_o with_o the_o frequent_v of_o foreign_a country_n at_o the_o first_o to_o that_o end_n have_v afterward_o rather_o further_v than_o any_o way_n backward_v their_o ability_n to_o undertake_v and_o judicious_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o commonwealth_n merchandize_v the_o first_o school_n of_o the_o present_a government_n of_o many_o commonwealth_n the_o ancient_a policy_n and_o present_a flourish_a continuance_n of_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n the_o politic_a and_o rich_a estate_n of_o the_o netherlands_o the_o opulent_a and_o eminent_a quality_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o tuscany_n the_o wealthy_a well-governed_a hans-town_n in_o germany_n and_o many_o more_o which_o i_o can_v nominate_v make_v good_a this_o assertion_n for_o in_o all_o these_o merchandize_v be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o school_n from_o whence_o they_o gather_v their_o first_o principle_n and_o indeed_o the_o chief_a foundation_n upon_o which_o their_o fabric_n of_o political_a government_n be_v raise_v the_o scale_n by_o which_o their_o counsel_n be_v frame_v and_o the_o pillar_n by_o which_o the_o same_o be_v see_v to_o be_v support_v and_o maintain_v how_o excellent_a be_v it_o then_o for_o a_o merchant_n that_o have_v another_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a end_n of_o his_o travel_n so_o to_o employ_v his_o time_n and_o spend_v his_o hour_n as_o that_o he_o may_v at_o pleasure_n without_o cost_n or_o charge_n reap_v that_o benefit_n to_o himself_o which_o other_o purposely_o come_v to_o learn_v and_o painful_o labour_v for_o with_o great_a expense_n of_o time_n and_o money_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o be_v peradventure_o destitute_a of_o those_o help_n and_o furtherance_n which_o merchant_n and_o factor_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o abode_n or_o vocation_n do_v continual_o enjoy_v and_o who_o return_n as_o ignorant_o home_n perchance_o as_o they_o go_v out_o or_o happy_o furnish_v with_o some_o such_o cursory_a speculation_n as_o reach_v not_o into_o the_o depth_n of_o such_o policy_n of_o government_n as_o the_o real_a intent_n of_o their_o travel_n do_v true_o require_v whereas_o the_o merchant_n that_o come_v thither_o not_o purposely_o to_o that_o end_n but_o to_o benefit_v himself_o as_o a_o merchant_n may_v gather_v and_o lay_v up_o those_o his_o observation_n obtain_v as_o pastime_n and_o collect_v as_o recreation_n which_o will_v further_o and_o furnish_v he_o afterward_o either_o by_o discourse_n for_o pleasure_n or_o by_o necessity_n for_o profit_n and_o commodity_n when_o he_o shall_v please_v to_o publish_v his_o secret_a treasure_n and_o put_v the_o same_o in_o practice_n merchant_n geography_n delightful_a profitable_a and_o necessary_a to_o the_o merchant_n geography_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v be_v then_o grant_v to_o be_v both_o a_o profit_n and_o a_o pleasure_n to_o all_o and_o special_o to_o the_o merchant_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v grant_v to_o be_v useful_a also_o for_o though_o we_o live_v in_o this_o island_n acknowledge_v none_o for_o merchant_n but_o such_o as_o adventure_v their_o estate_n at_o sea_n and_o be_v by_o this_o mean_v account_v for_o real_a merchant_n yet_o those_o that_o be_v verse_v in_o this_o profession_n and_o see_v in_o this_o art_n know_v also_o that_o there_o be_v merchant_n likewise_o that_o have_v their_o residence_n in_o continent_n where_o neither_o sea_n be_v know_v nor_o yet_o navigable_a river_n sound_v yet_o for_o all_o this_o supply_v with_o land-carriage_n of_o horse_n mule_n and_o camel_n by_o industry_n and_o labour_n what_o nature_n and_o our_o habitation_n do_v free_o afford_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o encompass_v sea_n in_o ship_n and_o these_o be_v observe_v and_o find_v to_o travel_v by_o land_n in_o company_n and_o caravan_n with_o their_o merchandise_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o as_o we_o do_v by_o sea_n in_o ship_n and_o fleet_n pay_v their_o duty_n custom_n and_o toll_v upon_o the_o entry_n and_o confine_n of_o every_o several_a prince_n dominion_n merchant_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o knowledge_n to_o merchant_n how_o then_o shall_v this_o land-travelling_a merchant_n know_v who_o kingdom_n he_o be_v in_o what_o prince_n command_v or_o who_o be_v lord_n of_o that_o ground_n he_o tread_v upon_o but_o by_o a_o speculation_n herein_o whereby_o shall_v he_o know_v what_o way_n he_o have_v rid_v and_o travel_v where_o neither_o mile_n nor_o league_n be_v account_v or_o in_o use_n but_o by_o this_o how_o shall_v he_o know_v which_o way_n his_o course_n lie_v where_o neither_o path_n nor_o highway_n be_v find_v to_o direct_v he_o nor_o guide_v to_o inform_v he_o or_o how_o far_o he_o have_v yet_o to_o go_v in_o that_o prince_n dominion_n but_o by_o this_o how_o shall_v he_o know_v what_o river_n run_v in_o his_o way_n what_o strait_n or_o mountain_n he_o have_v to_o pass_v over_o but_o by_o this_o nay_o hereby_o he_o be_v instruct_v whether_o those_o stream_n be_v great_a or_o small_a and_o whether_o passable_a by_o boat_n bridge_n or_o ford_n and_o by_o this_o also_o what_o plain_n wood_n and_o hill_n with_o their_o extent_n fertility_n and_o confinement_n the_o better_a to_o provide_v for_o his_o accommodation_n and_o the_o necessary_n of_o his_o journey_n as_o also_o what_o city_n and_o town_n
considerable_a though_o not_o the_o big_a be_v not_o above_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n long_o lie_v in_o 15_o degree_n latitude_n it_o have_v once_o a_o fair_a town_n call_v riblera_n but_o sack_v and_o burn_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n anno_fw-la 1585._o and_o afterward_o in_o anno_fw-la 1596._o by_o sir_n anthony_n shirley_n it_o run_v the_o same_o fate_n it_o be_v at_o present_a pretty_a well_o inhabit_a and_z have_v a_o convenient_a harbour_n call_v the_o prie_n secure_v by_o a_o castle_n where_o ship_n may_v ride_v with_o its_o leave_n in_o safety_n they_o have_v some_o quantity_n of_o sugar_n sweetmeat_n and_o coco-nut_n be_v their_o chief_a commodity_n which_o they_o exchange_v for_o such_o commodity_n as_o they_o want_v for_o clothing_n as_o cloth_n stuff_v of_o several_a sort_n linen_n hat_n and_o the_o like_a they_o have_v very_o large_a and_o good_a cattle_n which_o they_o sell_v at_o easy_a rate_n about_o 25_o s._n aplece_n also_o horse_n of_o excellent_a shape_n and_o metal_n but_o they_o be_v contrabando_n good_n and_o not_o to_o be_v deal_v in_o without_o leave_n from_o the_o governor_n under_o no_o less_o penalty_n than_o forfeiture_n of_o ship_n and_o good_n if_o he_o get_v you_o in_o his_o command_n but_o by_o graruity_n and_o a_o particular_a trade_n with_o he_o small_a number_n be_v sometime_o admit_v to_o be_v carry_v from_o thence_o attempt_n ocknam_n brave_a attempt_n if_o i_o shall_v silent_o pass_v over_o the_o attempt_n of_o one_o john_n ocknam_n a_o follower_n of_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o his_o world_n incompassment_n in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v much_o wrong_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o so_o much_o worth_n this_o man_n as_o mr._n hackluit_n have_v it_o with_o 70_o companion_n in_o a_o creek_n a_o little_a above_o these_o town_n draw_v on_o shore_n his_o bark_n cover_v the_o same_o with_o bough_n and_o leaf_n and_o so_o leave_v it_o march_v over_o with_o his_o company_n guide_v by_o some_o negro_n until_o he_o come_v to_o a_o river_n which_o run_v into_o the_o south-sea_n which_o by_o relation_n and_o mercator_n map_n may_v be_v tomobonda_n or_o the_o creek_n of_o ventura_n where_o he_o cut_v down_o timber_n build_v he_o a_o frigate_n enter_v the_o south-sea_n go_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o pearl_n lay_v there_o 10_o day_n and_o there_o inteicept_v in_o two_o spanish_a ship_n 60000_o pound_n weight_n of_o gold_n and_o 200000_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n in_o ingot_n with_o divers_a other_o rich_a commodity_n and_o after_o that_o return_v safe_o again_o to_o the_o main_a land_n where_o row_v up_o the_o same_o stream_n where_o his_o frigate_n be_v build_v he_o be_v discover_v by_o some_o feather_n pluck_v from_o certain_a fowl_n they_o have_v kill_v for_o their_o provision_n which_o swim_v upon_o the_o river_n down_o the_o current_n and_o though_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o be_v take_v and_o return_v not_o into_o his_o country_n nor_o yet_o his_o hide_a vessel_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o adventure_n that_o deserve_v a_o remembrance_n from_o all_o such_o as_o be_v lover_n of_o their_o country_n honour_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o admiration_n by_o the_o spanish_a writer_n that_o have_v make_v mention_n thereof_o nova_n andalusia_n nova_n andalusia_n nova_n be_v the_o second_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v santa_n margarita_n and_o santa_n sperita_n granada_n nova_fw-la granada_n nova_fw-la granada_n be_v the_o three_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v jungia_n a_o pleasant_a and_o strong_a town_n direct_o seat_v under_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o next_o be_v st._n foy_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n cartagena_n cartagena_n cartagena_n be_v the_o four_o account_v a_o fruitful_a soil_n but_o therein_o be_v find_v a_o tree_n that_o whosoever_o touch_v do_v hardly_o escape_v poison_v the_o chief_a city_n be_v cartagena_n which_o our_o countryman_n sir_n frances_n drake_n in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o surprise_a where_o beside_o inestimable_a sum_n of_o money_n he_o take_v with_o he_o from_o hence_o 240_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n province_n guiana_n second_o province_n guiana_n be_v the_o second_o province_n direct_o situate_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n and_o be_v the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o peruana_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o wintertime_n dwell_v in_o tree_n for_o fear_v of_o inundation_n on_o which_o they_o build_v many_o pretty_a village_n and_o artificial_a mansion_n it_o be_v water_v with_o two_o goodly_a river_n the_o one_o have_v the_o name_n of_o orinoque_n or_o rather_o raliana_n borrow_v the_o same_o from_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n who_o first_o of_o all_o to_o any_o purpose_n make_v a_o plenary_a survey_n of_o this_o country_n with_o the_o commodity_n and_o situation_n thereof_o in_o an._n 1595._o and_o find_v this_o river_n navigable_a for_o great_a ship_n of_o burden_n 1000_o mile_n and_o for_o boat_n and_o pinnace_n 2000_o mile_n the_o other_o river_n be_v call_v orellana_n or_o the_o amazon_n discover_v 1543._o the_o which_o be_v find_v navigable_a 6000_o mile_n and_o 200_o mile_n broad_a at_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o sea_n city_n manoa_n the_o golden_a city_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o country_n and_o if_o spanish_a writer_n may_v herein_o be_v believe_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o world_n be_v here_o find_v and_o call_v manoa_n or_o as_o diego_n ordas_n the_o discoverer_n call_v it_o el_fw-es dorado_n or_o the_o golden_a from_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n both_o in_o coin_n plate_n armour_n and_o other_o furniture_n which_o he_o there_o see_v this_o discoverer_n or_o traveller_n for_o by_o that_o name_n the_o truth_n of_o his_o wondrous_a relation_n may_v be_v the_o better_o consider_v be_v say_v to_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o city_n at_o noon_n and_o to_o have_v travel_v all_o that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o also_o until_o night_n through_o the_o street_n hereof_o before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o peradventure_o be_v the_o policy_n of_o those_o people_n as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o to_o be_v in_o constantinople_n in_o anno_fw-la 1621._o when_o as_o the_o duke_n of_o avarascah_n come_v with_o a_o great_a train_n in_o embassy_n from_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o sultan_n osman_n the_o then_o great_a turk_n after_o his_o unfortunate_a expedition_n to_o poland_n cause_v he_o and_o his_o whole_a train_n to_o be_v lead_v a_o whole_a afternoon_n through_o the_o most_o eminent_a street_n of_o that_o city_n when_o he_o first_o enter_v the_o same_o and_o so_o to_o his_o appoint_a lodging_n whereas_o a_o hour_n easy_a walk_n to_o he_o that_o bid_v know_v the_o direct_a way_n will_v easy_o have_v serve_v the_o turn_n perchance_o imagine_v this_o a_o fit_a way_n to_o demonstrate_v to_o the_o ambassador_n the_o beauty_n and_o vastness_n of_o that_o city_n together_o with_o his_o own_o greatness_n in_o ostentation_n and_o to_o recover_v that_o honour_n and_o repute_v which_o he_o have_v a_o little_a before_o lose_v by_o the_o insolency_n and_o cowardice_n of_o his_o soldier_n in_o his_o say_a expedition_n thither_o province_n peru_n the_o three_o province_n the_o three_o province_n be_v peru_n which_o above_o all_o other_o in_o america_n abound_v in_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o mine_n whereof_o in_o divers_a place_n be_v better_a store_v with_o metal_n than_o with_o earth_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v st._n michael_n the_o first_o colony_n the_o spaniard_n place_v there_o and_o fortify_v by_o piscaro_n a_o famous_a spanish_a captain_n who_o subdue_v the_o country_n take_v the_o king_n thereof_o prisoner_n and_o have_v for_o a_o ransom_n for_o his_o liberty_n and_o life_n a_o house_n pile_v up_o on_o all_o side_n with_o refine_a gold_n and_o silver_n in_o estimation_n about_o ten_o million_o which_o when_o he_o have_v receive_v most_o perfidious_o contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o promise_n slay_v he_o by_o which_o appear_v the_o wonderful_a riches_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o which_o the_o soil_n be_v luxuriant_a in_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n fortunate_a in_o the_o civility_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n frequency_n of_o city_n and_o salubrity_n of_o air_n and_o abundant_o store_v with_o that_o herb_n tobacco_n from_o hence_o bring_v first_o into_o england_n by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n mariner_n in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o plâ—ta_fw-la râ—…la_fw-la plâ—ta_fw-la in_o this_o country_n be_v also_o now_o find_v that_o famous_a river_n call_v of_o plate_n be_v 150_o mile_n broad_a at_o the_o embesheur_fw-fr and_o above_o 2000_o mile_n long_o and_o on_o this_o stream_n be_v find_v certain_a figtree_n the_o part_n towards_o the_o river_n bear_v fruit_n in_o winter_n and_o the_o other_o part_n thereof_o towards_o the_o land_n bear_v fruit_n in_o summer_n province_n brasilia_n the_o 4_o province_n brasilia_n be_v the_o four_o afford_v a_o soil_n fat_a by_o nature_n and_o always_o flourish_a yield_a great_a store_n of_o sugar_n and_o wonderful_a rich_a in_o mine_n and_o hence_o our_o redwood_n which_o
which_o alexander_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o courtesan_n lady_n command_v to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n but_o afterward_o repent_v he_o of_o so_o great_a a_o folly_n and_o so_o unworthy_a a_o act_n he_o re-edify_v it_o though_o yet_o now_o have_v lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a beauty_n and_o give_v place_n to_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o casbin_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o present_a sophy_n bring_v hither_o from_o tauris_n by_o sophie_n tamas_n persia_n commodity_n of_o persia_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n be_v in_o general_n find_v to_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v silk_n of_o all_o sort_n raw_a grow_v plentiful_o in_o 1_o bilan_n 2_o gilan_n 3_o arras_n some_o precious_a stone_n many_o sort_n of_o drug_n wrought_v silk_n chamlet_n carpet_n sash_n callico_n and_o many_o excellent_a arm_n use_v in_o war_n both_o for_o horse_n and_o man_n which_o be_v here_o so_o well_o temper_v in_o the_o frame_n and_o make_v with_o some_o virtuous_a simple_n that_o it_o make_v it_o both_o hard_a and_o excellent_a for_o use_v and_o preserve_v the_o same_o clean_a from_o any_o rust_n or_o perish_v chap._n lxxvi_o of_o casbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o casbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o casbin_n be_v now_o account_v the_o metropolis_n of_o persia_n and_o sometime_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o sophy_n hither_o remove_v from_o tauris_n as_o i_o say_v before_o it_o be_v account_v a_o day_n journey_n about_o on_o horseback_n well_o wall_v and_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a fort_n and_o beautify_v with_o two_o fair_a seraglio_n the_o wall_n whereof_o be_v make_v of_o red_a marble_n and_o pave_v with_o mosaique_a work_n the_o chief_a street_n hereof_o be_v call_v the_o attimidan_n in_o figure_n foursquare_a each_o angle_n be_v ¼_n mile_n in_o length_n encompass_v with_o scaffold_n for_o the_o people_n to_o sit_v and_o behold_v the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n at_o their_o exercise_n of_o shoot_v ride_a run_a and_o the_o like_a this_o city_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o goodly_a fertile_a plain_n of_o three_o or_o four_o day_n journey_n in_o length_n which_o be_v furnish_v with_o near_o two_o thousand_o village_n to_o supply_v the_o necessary_a use_n thereof_o which_o do_v much_o enrich_v this_o place_n before_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o persian_n court_n to_o hispahan_n which_o be_v fourteen_o day_n journey_n further_o into_o the_o east_n casbin_n three_o excellency_n in_o casbin_n three_o place_n herein_o do_v much_o adorn_v and_o beautify_v this_o place_n first_o the_o attimidan_n aforesaid_a second_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o be_v so_o brave_a a_o fabric_n and_o so_o rich_o furnish_v that_o europe_n can_v hardly_o match_v it_o and_o last_o the_o bassar_n which_o be_v many_o in_o number_n which_o be_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o pawn_n in_o london_n where_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v all_o manner_n of_o persia_n india_n turkey_n moscovian_a and_o arabia_n commodity_n casbin_n commodity_n of_o casbin_n as_o all_o rich_a gem_n jewel_n drug_n spice_n silk_n wrought_v in_o damask_n velvet_n and_o raw_a transport_v into_o other_o country_n the_o attimidan_n serve_v the_o merchant_n for_o a_o exchange_n or_o place_n of_o meeting_n where_o every_o day_n be_v see_v a_o continual_a fair_a where_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n be_v sell_v both_o for_o back_n and_o belly_n also_o goldsmith_n exchanger_n of_o money_n and_o all_o other_o profession_n who_o come_v hither_o and_o display_v their_o commodity_n as_o to_o some_o public_a mart._n and_o the_o money_n and_o current_a coin_n here_o passable_a among_o merchant_n i_o refer_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o persia_n hispahan_n the_o present_a residence_n of_o the_o persian_a monarch_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o do_v also_o agree_v therewith_o so_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o enlarge_v myself_o further_o in_o that_o particular_a chap._n lxxvii_o of_o balsara_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o balsara_fw-it and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o balsara_n lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n euphrates_n serve_v as_o a_o magazine_n for_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o arabia_n india_n turkey_n and_o persia_n and_o as_o a_o thoroughfare_n for_o all_o merchant_n travel_v from_o one_o of_o those_o country_n to_o another_o but_o especial_o for_o such_o as_o here_o take_v ship_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o ormus_n india_n arabia_n etc._n etc._n this_o town_n be_v of_o late_a year_n subject_a to_o the_o persian_a but_o now_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o be_v the_o last_o of_o his_o dominion_n this_o way_n and_o here_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o water_n do_v ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o with_o we_o in_o england_n and_o in_o no_o place_n else_o adjoin_v upon_o the_o ocean_n sea_n the_o indraught_n may_v be_v imagine_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o like_a in_o venice_n it_o have_v be_v note_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n here_o that_o there_o be_v pay_v for_o every_o sum_n of_o good_n carry_v from_o bagdate_n hither_o by_o water_n six_o sehid_n and_o from_o balsara_n to_o bagdate_v two_o medins_n per_fw-la wesnoe_n and_o 100_o wesnoe_n from_o balsara_n to_o ormus_n cost_n carriage_n 20_o lairin_n and_o the_o like_a back_n from_o ormus_n to_o balsara_n hither_o always_o come_v the_o syria_n caravan_n that_o be_v bind_v for_o india_n and_o end_v their_o land-travel_n and_o embark_v themselves_o and_o good_n for_o the_o great_a mart_n of_o ormus_n and_o cambaia_n and_o here_o return_v they_o conclude_v their_o sea-navigation_n and_o begin_v their_o land-peregrination_n for_o turkey_n etc._n etc._n balsara_n custom_n pay_v at_o balsara_n the_o custom_n payable_a at_o balsara_n as_o the_o last_o port_n of_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n who_o conquer_v the_o same_o from_o the_o persian_n in_o anno_fw-la 1550_o be_v 1_o in_o every_o 14_o sehid_n for_o gross_a commodity_n but_o it_o be_v 1_o per_fw-la 20_o or_o 5_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o clothes_n silk_n and_o fine_a good_n but_o here_o be_v a_o tare_n of_o 3_o in_o 10_o wesnoe_n allow_v both_o in_o spice_n drug_n etc._n etc._n for_o dust_n and_o upon_o silk_n for_o waste_v head_n and_o the_o like_a balsara_n price_n of_o commodity_n in_o balsara_n the_o price_n of_o commodity_n rule_v some_o year_n pass_v thus_o here_o the_o wesno_n of_o mace_n be_v worth_a in_o balsara_n 13_o ducat_n the_o wesno_n of_o nutmeg_n be_v worth_a 6_o ducat_n the_o wesno_n of_o soap_n be_v worth_a 15_o sehid_n the_o wesno_n of_o almond_n be_v 24_o sehid_n the_o wesno_n of_o gall_n be_v worth_a 10_o larin_n and_o for_o this_o weight_n of_o wesno_n it_o be_v find_v that_o 16_o wesnoe_n of_o balsara_n make_v a_o kintar_n of_o aleppo_n common_a weight_n but_o the_o 100_o wesnoe_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o silk_n of_o rotol_n 680_o d_z in_o aleppo_n make_v silk_n rot._n 529_o d_v 28._o balsara_n weight_n use_v in_o balsara_n the_o weight_n common_a here_o in_o the_o sale_n of_o commodity_n beside_o this_o wesno_n be_v the_o maund_v which_o be_v 100_o rotolo_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v make_v 500_o l._n english_a which_o be_v 5_o l._n a_o rotolo_n but_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o observation_n on_o this_o place_n make_v by_o some_o english_a that_o have_v travel_v hither_o that_o the_o 112_o l._n have_v make_v 19_o maunds_z 2¼_n rotolo_n which_o must_v be_v 5_o l._n 4¼_n ounce_n english_a the_o difference_n i_o refer_v to_o be_v rectify_v by_o the_o better_o experience_v cusâ—stan_n measure_n of_o balsara_n cusâ—stan_n their_o measure_n be_v find_v to_o be_v about_o 26_o inch_n english_a to_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o province_n in_o persia_n it_o be_v cusestan_n situate_v eastward_o from_o persia_n call_v in_o scripture_n havilah_n have_v in_o it_o susa_n a_o city_n where_o sometime_o the_o persian_a monarch_n abide_v in_o winter_n as_o be_v more_o southerly_a than_o echatana_n and_o last_o casan_n of_o which_o a_o word_n chap._n lxxviii_o of_o casan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o casan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o casan_n be_v a_o principal_a fair_a and_o famous_a city_n in_o this_o country_n but_o much_o trouble_v with_o excessive_a heat_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o situation_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o large_a plain_n it_o consist_v altogether_o of_o merchandize_v and_o the_o great_a trade_n of_o all_o the_o inland_a country_n be_v find_v herein_o and_o most_o especial_o frequent_v by_o indian_a merchant_n casan_n commodity_n of_o casan_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v in_o general_n addict_v to_o all_o curious_a manufacture_n and_o fabric_n as_o in_o weave_v of_o sash_n turban_n and_o girdlas_o in_o make_v also_o of_o velvet_n satin_n damask_n curious_a and_o fine_a ormusius_n and_o carpet_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v account_v the_o very_a magazine_n of_o all_o the_o
observation_n in_o trade_n as_o i_o have_v collect_v i_o will_v in_o brief_a touch_n aracan_a aracan_a the_o first_o on_o this_o coast_n and_o shore_n be_v aracan_a situate_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o cosmin_n which_o pass_v through_o some_o part_n of_o bengala_n and_o enter_v into_o that_o gulf_n at_o this_o city_n by_o which_o commodious_a situation_n it_o be_v find_v plentiful_o store_v as_o well_o with_o the_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n as_o the_o natural_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o macoa_n macoa_n the_o next_o be_v macoa_n seat_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o that_o great_a and_o famous_a river_n martaban_n which_o by_o ten_o mouth_n issue_v into_o the_o sea_n give_v a_o great_a supply_n to_o this_o country_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n that_o be_v find_v in_o india_n from_o whence_o this_o mighty_a river_n have_v its_o source_n pegu._n pegu._n the_o three_o be_v pegu_n itself_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a coast_n seat_v in_o like_a manner_n upon_o one_o of_o the_o say_a mouth_n which_o as_o be_v the_o principal_a seat_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o country_n i_o will_v a_o little_a more_o particular_o survey_v martaban_n river_n of_o martaban_n the_o marvellous_a great_a tide_n and_o violent_a current_n of_o this_o great_a river_n be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v omit_v as_o appertain_v to_o trade_n for_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o itself_o so_o swift_a that_o neither_o wind_n nor_o oar_n can_v make_v head_n or_o way_n against_o it_o and_o because_o it_o be_v find_v to_o keep_v a_o constant_a course_n of_o ebb_v and_o flow_v therefore_o in_o their_o sail_v they_o still_o observe_v the_o tide_n thereof_o and_o when_o those_o tide_n be_v at_o high_a there_o be_v certain_a station_n on_o the_o bank_n whereto_o their_o boat_n galliots_n and_o barge_n be_v fasten_v until_o the_o tide_n do_v again_o serve_v their_o turn_n to_o proceed_v on_o their_o voyage_n this_o one_o thing_n more_o i_o find_v wonderful_a here_o that_o these_o tide_n come_v not_o in_o by_o a_o constant_a continue_a pace_n or_o measure_n but_o come_v rush_v in_o at_o the_o first_o with_o a_o great_a violence_n with_o a_o hideous_a noise_n and_o roar_a such_o as_o in_o some_o lesser_a sort_n be_v see_v in_o the_o river_n of_o roven_n and_o in_o our_o river_n of_o severn_n in_o england_n as_o for_o the_o city_n of_o pegu_n itself_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n in_o the_o one_o the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n reside_v late_o build_v and_o rich_o beautify_v and_o therefore_o call_v the_o new_a town_n the_o other_o part_n inhabit_v only_o by_o merchant_n artificer_n seaman_n and_o such_o like_a and_o call_v the_o old_a town_n every_o house_n in_o the_o old_a town_n where_o merchant_n do_v reside_v have_v a_o place_n build_v strong_o of_o brick_n which_o as_o a_o warehouse_n serve_v his_o occasion_n call_v by_o they_o godon_n especial_o to_o prevent_v fire_v which_o this_o town_n be_v much_o subject_n to_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o combustible_a matter_n it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o new_a town_n be_v wall_v about_o and_o be_v a_o perfect_a square_n have_v twenty_o gate_n five_o in_o each_o angle_n ditch_v about_o and_o water_v wherein_o many_o crocodile_n be_v keep_v for_o watch_n of_o the_o place_n by_o night_n the_o wall_n be_v beautify_v with_o many_o turret_n for_o sentinel_n guild_v with_o gold_n the_o street_n be_v very_o fair_a straight_o as_o a_o line_n and_o so_o broad_a as_o fifteen_o horseman_n may_v ride_v abrest_n on_o both_o side_n at_o each_o man_n door_n be_v set_v palm-tree_n which_o grow_v make_v a_o fair_a show_n and_o thereby_o all_o passenger_n may_v walk_v daily_o in_o the_o shadow_n from_o one_o street_n to_o another_o to_o prevent_v the_o extraordinary_a heat_n of_o the_o place_n and_o climate_n the_o great_a trade_n that_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n exercise_v in_o pegu_n be_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o cormandel_n with_o pintado_n cotton_n cloth_n and_o other_o bombasin_n much_o in_o request_n here_o but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o ship_n must_v depart_v that_o coast_n by_o the_o six_o of_o september_n and_o take_v the_o monsione_n wind_n otherwise_o they_o lose_v their_o voyage_n for_o that_o year_n from_o bengala_n also_o come_v hither_o sundry_a ship_n with_o cotton_n cloth_n and_o other_o such_o wear_n commodity_n which_o take_v also_o the_o season_n of_o the_o wind_n arrive_v here_o when_o the_o cormondel_n ship_n be_v ready_a to_o depart_v the_o principal_a harbour_n or_o port_n where_o these_o ship_n do_v ride_v be_v call_v cosmin_n and_o the_o place_n where_o the_o great_a ship_n do_v anchor_n to_o lade_v and_o unlade_v their_o good_n from_o mecca_n come_v also_o sundry_a ship_n lade_v with_o woollen_a cloth_n damask_n velvet_n and_o chicken_n from_o malacca_n come_v many_o small_a vessel_n lade_v with_o pepper_n sanders_n porcelan_n of_o china_n camphora_n and_o other_o commodity_n from_o summatra_n come_v also_o sundry_a ship_n with_o pepper_n and_o other_o ware_n all_o which_o good_n be_v very_o strict_o look_v into_o for_o payment_n of_o the_o king_n custom_n at_o land_v which_o be_v here_o pay_v in_o kind_n and_o amount_v unto_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o the_o king_n do_v hold_v it_o for_o a_o great_a affront_n to_o be_v wrong_v of_o a_o penny_n of_o it_o ruby_n saphire_n and_o spinal_n pay_v here_o no_o custom_n in_o or_o out_o as_o be_v the_o proper_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n for_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o this_o place_n there_o be_v ordain_v eight_o broker_n oâ—_n tareghe_v by_o the_o king_n authority_n who_o be_v bind_v to_o sell_v and_o vend_v all_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n come_v to_o pegu_n for_o all_o man_n account_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o they_o be_v having_z two_o per_fw-mi cent_n for_o their_o brokerage_n and_o be_v liable_a to_o make_v good_a the_o debt_n they_o make_v which_o no_o merchant_n there_o resident_a can_v avoid_v for_o they_o will_v have_v the_o say_v two_o per_fw-la cent_n by_o the_o king_n authority_n grant_v they_o whether_o their_o help_n be_v take_v or_o not_o in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v ordain_v certain_a broker_n for_o the_o buy_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n buy_v in_o pegu_n wherein_o be_v find_v among_o they_o such_o candid_a deal_n that_o a_o stranger_n can_v hardly_o be_v wrong_v or_o abuse_v if_o he_o have_v but_o so_o much_o discretion_n to_o provide_v such_o good_n as_o may_v be_v proper_a for_o the_o country_n whither_o he_o send_v they_o pegu._n strange_a manner_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o pegu._n the_o commodity_n native_a of_o this_o place_n and_o country_n be_v these_o gold_n silver_n ruby_n saphire_n spinal_n dig_v at_o caplan_n six_o day_n journey_n from_o auâ—_n in_o this_o kingdom_n great_a store_n of_o benjamin_n long_a pepper_n lead_v lacca_n rice_n niperwine_n and_o sugar_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o bargain_v as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o use_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v here_o worth_a observe_n all_o their_o bargain_n by_o their_o law_n must_v be_v make_v public_o and_o in_o open_a assembly_n of_o and_o before_o all_o stander_n by_o who_o because_o they_o shall_v yet_o not_o know_v what_o be_v bid_v or_o demand_v for_o any_o commodity_n the_o brokâ—rs_n either_o buyer_n or_o seller_n have_v see_v the_o commodity_n and_o like_v of_o it_o put_v his_o hand_n under_o a_o cloth_n and_o touch_v the_o party_n hand_n interest_v and_o by_o nip_a touch_v and_o pinch_v of_o certain_a joint_n of_o each_o other_o hand_n they_o know_v what_o be_v bid_v and_o demand_v without_o word_n speak_v which_o these_o broker_n again_o with_o the_o other_o hand_n cover_v in_o like_a manner_n give_v notice_n of_o to_o the_o party_n who_o set_v he_o on_o work_n and_o either_o so_o order_n he_o to_o proceed_v to_o bid_v more_o or_o less_o or_o else_o to_o give_v over_o and_o after_o this_o manner_n be_v all_o their_o câ—…tracts_n here_o make_v and_o afterward_o by_o the_o say_a broker_n register_v according_o in_o leaf_n of_o tree_n which_o with_o they_o be_v use_v as_o paper_n with_o we_o merchant_n maid_n let_v out_o to_o serve_v both_o by_o day_n and_o night_n service_n to_o merchant_n and_o when_o any_o stranger_n and_o foreign_a merchant_n arrive_v here_o these_o broker_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o place_n to_o provide_v they_o a_o house_n magazine_n and_o lodging_n whilst_o they_o be_v here_o resident_a and_o when_o the_o house_n be_v take_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n send_v to_o know_v how_o long_a time_n he_o intend_v to_o stay_v with_o they_o and_o withal_o appoint_v certain_a maid_n of_o the_o town_n to_o go_v to_o he_o that_o out_o of_o they_o he_o may_v make_v choice_n of_o one_o
for_o set_v aside_o the_o worship_n and_o service_n of_o god_n which_o be_v only_o fit_a and_o proper_a to_o divine_n and_o churchman_n the_o person_n and_o purse_n of_o the_o merchant_n supply_v in_o a_o fair_a measure_n all_o the_o other_o part_n beforementioned_a for_o first_o the_o merchant_n navigation_n and_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o supply_v the_o city_n with_o corn_n grain_n cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n both_o for_o back_n and_o belly_n delight_n and_o ornament_n tend_v either_o to_o pleasure_n or_o need_v and_o this_o way_n he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o the_o husbandman_n and_o shepherd_n his_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o supply_v the_o city_n with_o arm_n armour_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o ammunition_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a and_o thus_o far_o he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o soldier_n his_o traffic_n likewise_o be_v see_v to_o bring_v riches_n into_o the_o common_a purse_n by_o custom_n impost_n and_o such_o duty_n and_o thereby_o may_v be_v say_v to_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o the_o wealthy_a and_o most_o eminent_a thereof_o he_o be_v see_v by_o his_o wisdom_n travel_n and_o experience_n abroad_o to_o be_v able_a oftentimes_o to_o sit_v at_o the_o stern_a of_o the_o city_n government_n punish_v the_o vicious_a reward_v the_o virtuous_a and_o herein_o he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o a_o senator_n and_o counsellor_n neither_o yet_o be_v he_o want_v in_o many_o other_o particular_n to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a patriot_n and_o citizen_n not_o comprise_v within_o any_o of_o these_o aforesaid_a limit_n for_o his_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o improve_v the_o country_n commodity_n to_o set_v the_o poor_a and_o needy_a on_o work_n to_o invent_v new_a fabric_n stuff_n and_o the_o like_a to_o plant_v foreign_a colony_n to_o settle_v peace_n and_o amity_n among_o prince_n to_o build_v warlike_a ship_n to_o train_v up_o seaman_n and_o to_o make_v the_o city_n and_o place_n of_o his_o abode_n famous_a and_o eminent_a by_o sundry_a other_o mean_n which_o i_o can_v exemplify_v if_o need_n be_v in_o this_o place_n and_o which_o at_o present_a i_o willing_o omit_v now_o then_o if_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v be_v so_o excellent_a and_o consequent_o necessary_a in_o a_o city_n and_o bring_v with_o it_o so_o many_o benefit_n and_o commodity_n how_o happy_a then_o be_v that_o city_n where_o many_o notable_a and_o well-governed_a merchant_n be_v find_v to_o reside_v and_o where_o their_o care_n of_o their_o own_o profit_n be_v so_o necessary_o interweave_v with_o the_o care_n of_o the_o commonwealth's_a and_o its_o good_a that_o to_o themselves_o and_o to_o their_o country_n their_o labour_n and_o adventure_n do_v bring_v in_o thus_o mutual_o not_o only_o a_o commodity_n but_o also_o a_o honour_n but_o to_o the_o matter_n all_o city_n and_o town_n be_v not_o find_v in_o themselves_o proper_a for_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n nor_o yet_o all_o of_o they_o fit_a residence_n for_o merchant_n commerce_n what_o city_n be_v find_v fit_a for_o trade_n and_o commerce_n therefore_o it_o be_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o trade_n have_v settle_v it_o self_n principal_o in_o two_o sort_n of_o city_n and_o town_n and_o in_o such_o first_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o inclination_n and_o then_o foreigner_n and_o stranger_n by_o conversation_n be_v observe_v and_o note_v to_o have_v plant_v themselves_o and_o establish_v a_o trade_n therein_o traffic_n two_o sort_n of_o city_n of_o traffic_n traffic_n then_o reside_v and_o abide_v principal_o in_o two_o several_a sort_n of_o city_n and_o town_n by_o daily_a observation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v such_o as_o these_o the_o first_o be_v the_o maritime_a and_o these_o be_v they_o that_o have_v their_o situation_n on_o the_o sea-shore_n or_o coast_n or_o upon_o navigable_a river_n and_o stream_n and_o the_o second_o be_v they_o that_o have_v their_o situation_n within_o some_o continent_n and_o may_v be_v call_v land-town_n and_o city_n distant_a both_o from_o sea_n and_o river_n and_o though_o that_o in_o both_o these_o trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v observable_a to_o be_v settle_v and_o drive_v yet_o the_o manner_n and_o common_a form_n of_o this_o trade_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v much_o as_o be_v both_o of_o they_o proper_a to_o two_o several_a sort_n of_o traffic_n and_o negociation_n what_o sea-town_n of_o trade_n what_o the_o trade_n observe_v then_o to_o be_v drive_v in_o sea-town_n or_o city_n seat_v on_o navigable_a river_n be_v note_v to_o subsist_v principal_o by_o navigation_n and_o by_o the_o easy_a transportation_n of_o merchandise_n by_o that_o commodiousness_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o which_o be_v indeed_o the_o most_o proper_a and_o customary_a way_n whereby_o traffic_n be_v in_o these_o day_n see_v to_o be_v maintain_v and_o preserve_v for_o in_o many_o place_n thus_o situate_v it_o be_v note_v that_o eminent_a merchant_n do_v reside_v who_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o consequent_o of_o navigation_n do_v hold_v a_o correspondency_n and_o trade_n from_o one_o fit_a place_n to_o another_o over_o all_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n import_v the_o commodity_n of_o all_o other_o country_n and_o export_v the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o and_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v masilia_n amsterdam_n genoa_n venetia_n sevil_n lisbon_n london_n and_o many_o other_o etc._n etc._n what_o land_n town_n of_o trade_n what_o but_o the_o trade_n observe_v to_o be_v drive_v in_o inland_a town_n and_o city_n subsist_v by_o carriage_n of_o commodity_n by_o land_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v do_v by_o cart_n in_o some_o by_o camel_n caravan_n mule_n horse_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v at_o this_o day_n see_v practise_v in_o many_o great_a city_n of_o the_o world_n as_o at_o aleppo_n in_o turkey_n at_o spahan_n in_o persia_n at_o agra_n in_o the_o mogul_n country_n and_o such_o other_o who_o enjoy_v neither_o the_o benefit_n of_o river_n nor_o yet_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o by_o many_o mile_n distance_n yet_o therein_o be_v oftentimes_o find_v reside_v many_o merchant_n of_o great_a eminency_n and_o a_o ample_a trade_n be_v discern_v therein_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o this_o follow_a tract_n and_o sometime_o to_o add_v some_o furtherance_n to_o this_o their_o want_n some_o of_o these_o have_v a_o seaport_n or_o haven_n as_o the_o near_a whereto_o ship_n from_o other_o part_n do_v come_v in_o and_o do_v there_o both_o land_n and_o relade_v as_o occasion_n require_v in_o which_o nature_n be_v alexandria_n to_o aleppo_n combrone_n to_o spahan_n and_o sindy_n to_o agra_n fabric_n town_n of_o trade_n in_o manual_a art_n and_o fabric_n beside_o which_o i_o may_v here_o add_v a_o three_o sort_n of_o city_n where_o yet_o trade_n be_v note_v to_o be_v settle_v differ_v from_o both_o the_o former_a and_o which_o can_v be_v comprise_v within_o either_o of_o the_o limit_n and_o these_o be_v such_o as_o subsist_v by_o some_o excellent_a or_o curious_a manual_a art_n or_o fabric_n as_o be_v norimberg_n and_o other_o in_o germany_n roven_n in_o normandy_n florence_n in_o italy_n and_o norwich_n in_o england_n and_o some_o other_o who_o trade_n subsist_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o nature_n produce_v of_o itself_o special_a or_o needful_a commodity_n for_o traffic_n as_o do_v bordeaux_n by_o gascoin_n wine_n zant_n by_o corrant_n smyrna_n by_o cotton_n gilan_n in_o persia_n by_o raw_a silk_n ivisa_fw-la by_o salt_n and_o the_o like_a and_o where_o these_o be_v join_v by_o situation_n proper_a for_o traffic_n to_o the_o former_a they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v far_o more_o absolute_a eminent_a and_o complete_a as_o shall_v be_v discern_v also_o in_o this_o follow_a tract_n commerce_n city_n of_o trade_n mention_v in_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n these_o be_v then_o the_o city_n and_o town_n which_o general_o in_o this_o map_n i_o handle_v relate_v as_o near_o as_o my_o observation_n and_o read_n will_v permit_v i_o the_o commodity_n that_o the_o place_n do_v natural_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o the_o commodity_n the_o same_o be_v note_v proper_o to_o vent_v together_o with_o the_o time_n when_o the_o same_o be_v either_o send_v out_o or_o bring_v in_o the_o quantity_n how_o much_o with_o all_o other_o such_o circumstance_n as_o be_v thereunto_o belong_v trade_n five_o place_n in_o a_o city_n depend_v upon_o trade_n moreover_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o all_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n there_o be_v always_o find_v five_o particular_a place_n that_o only_o have_v a_o be_v and_o dependency_n upon_o the_o trade_n thereof_o exchange_n the_o burse_n or_o exchange_n the_o first_o place_n be_v it_o where_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n do_v assemble_v and_o meet_v at_o certain_a hour_n and_o limit_v time_n of_o the_o day_n to_o
confer_v and_o treat_v together_o concern_v merchandize_v ship_n buy_v or_o sell_v and_o the_o like_a as_o be_v see_v to_o be_v the_o royal_a exchange_n of_o london_n the_o burse_n in_o antwerp_n the_o piazza_fw-it in_o venetia_n and_o the_o like_a in_o other_o place_n custom-house_n the_o custom-house_n the_o second_o place_n be_v it_o where_o the_o prince_n custom_n and_o duty_n upon_o all_o ware_n either_o import_v or_o export_v by_o way_n of_o merchandise_n be_v see_v to_o be_v pay_v and_o collect_v where_o officer_n be_v appoint_v to_o attend_v the_o same_o and_o where_o all_o writ_n as_o cocket_n bill_n of_o entry_n cetificate_n and_o the_o like_a be_v grant_v both_o to_o load_v and_o land_n good_n either_o go_v out_o or_o come_n in_o and_o these_o be_v call_v by_o several_a name_n as_o in_o most_o place_n custom-house_n dattio_n commercios_fw-la and_o the_o like_a commodity_n magazine_n for_o commodity_n the_o three_o place_n be_v it_o where_o merchant_n do_v keep_v their_o good_n and_o ware_n in_o where_o weigher_n porter_n carman_n and_o labourer_n do_v hourly_o attend_v to_o be_v set_v on_o work_n where_o broker_n and_o contracter_n be_v daily_o employ_v in_o make_v of_o bargain_n show_v of_o ware_n transport_v of_o bill_n of_o debt_n and_o such_o like_a as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o besiston_n and_o basars_n in_o turkey_n alfondoces_n in_o barbary_n pack_v house_n in_o the_o netherlands_o and_o as_o be_v accustom_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o stillard_n in_o london_n kings-beam_n kings-beam_n the_o next_o place_n be_v it_o where_o the_o public_a beam_n be_v set_v up_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o magistrate_n to_o weigh_v all_o ponderous_a commodity_n buy_v or_o sell_v to_o decide_v difference_n and_o controversy_n arise_v by_o weight_n and_o weigh_v and_o where_o a_o swear_a weigher_n with_o labourer_n at_o all_o hour_n attend_v upon_o merchant_n occasion_n and_o who_o by_o his_o place_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o register_n of_o all_o commodity_n weigh_v to_o serve_v if_o need_n shall_v so_o require_v and_o in_o this_o nature_n be_v the_o weight_n house_n call_v the_o kings-beam_n in_o london_n the_o dumb_a at_o amsterdam_n the_o vicont_n in_o roven_n the_o romano_n in_o marsilia_n and_o such_o like_a in_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n met-house_n met-house_n the_o next_o and_o last_o place_n be_v it_o where_o the_o public_a measure_n both_o of_o length_n of_o dry_a and_o of_o liquid_a commodity_n in_o every_o city_n be_v keep_v and_o set_v up_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o magistrate_n to_o measure_v all_o measurable_a commodity_n buy_v or_o sell_v to_o decide_v all_o difference_n and_o controversy_n arise_v thereabouts_o and_o where_o a_o swear_a measurer_n be_v to_o give_v attendance_n with_o other_o necessary_a helper_n at_o all_o hour_n to_o dispatch_v merchant_n occasion_n of_o which_o he_o be_v to_o keep_v a_o register_n to_o serve_v in_o time_n of_o need_n as_o be_v see_v of_o old_a to_o be_v the_o standard_n of_o cheap_a in_o london_n and_o as_o be_v find_v the_o like_a in_o other_o place_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v of_o city_n and_o town_n in_o general_a of_o trade_n and_o of_o the_o principal_a place_n find_v therein_o which_o have_v a_o dependence_n thereupon_o which_o few_o city_n in_o the_o world_n of_o traffic_n do_v want_n or_o be_v find_v to_o be_v defective_a in_o chap._n iu._n of_o custom_n imposition_n and_o other_o duty_n in_o general_a pay_v by_o merchant_n upon_o commodity_n in_o all_o city_n of_o trade_n prince_n custom_n payable_a to_o prince_n trade_n in_o itself_o have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v not_o only_o beneficial_a to_o the_o city_n and_o country_n where_o the_o same_o be_v exercise_v and_o preserve_v but_o also_o to_o the_o prince_n and_o sovereign_n who_o command_v the_o same_o and_o though_o the_o commodity_n and_o benefit_n that_o it_o bring_v with_o it_o be_v many_o and_o great_a yet_o the_o principal_a be_v such_o as_o accrue_v to_o the_o prince_n coffer_n come_v to_o they_o by_o the_o payment_n of_o certain_a custom_n impost_n and_o duty_n that_o be_v by_o they_o impose_v upon_o all_o commodity_n and_o ware_n which_o by_o the_o way_n of_o merchandise_n be_v either_o import_v out_o or_o export_v into_o their_o dominion_n and_o for_o the_o better_a raise_n and_o collect_v of_o which_o there_o be_v seat_v as_o be_v before_o remember_v by_o the_o say_a prince_n and_o their_o authority_n in_o every_o such_o city_n and_o town_n where_o any_o trade_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n be_v find_v to_o be_v certain_a public_a house_n custom-house_n custom-house_n as_o office_n by_o the_o name_n of_o custom-house_n where_o these_o duty_n be_v collect_v and_o where_o the_o trader_n and_o merchant_n do_v according_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v the_o same_o place_n custom_n not_o always_o alike_o in_o all_o place_n the_o duty_n then_o of_o custom_n though_o in_o all_o country_n it_o be_v general_o pay_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o always_o find_v to_o be_v pay_v alike_o in_o all_o place_n for_o it_o be_v sometime_o find_v to_o be_v more_o and_o sometime_o less_o and_o ofttimes_o in_o some_o country_n it_o be_v pay_v according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o impose_v the_o same_o as_o be_v partly_o a_o prerogative_n inherent_a to_o their_o sceptre_n and_o partly_o as_o they_o be_v absolute_a commander_n in_o those_o city_n port_n and_o havens_n where_o this_o traffic_n be_v so_o exercise_v commodity_n custom_n due_a upon_o all_o commodity_n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v payable_a as_o i_o say_v before_o upon_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n use_v by_o way_n of_o merchandise_n either_o import_v or_o export_v out_o or_o into_o their_o dominion_n country_n and_o city_n custom_n the_o original_n of_o custom_n this_o duty_n then_o thus_o call_v custom_n be_v conceive_v by_o some_o to_o have_v its_o first_o original_a from_o a_o safeguard_n give_v by_o those_o prince_n at_o sea_n to_o their_o subject_n and_o merchant_n from_o all_o rover_n pirate_n and_o enemy_n and_o a_o protection_n for_o free_a trade_n from_o all_o such_o danger_n from_o one_o port_n or_o city_n of_o trade_n to_o another_o but_o we_o see_v that_o in_o these_o day_n the_o payment_n of_o the_o duty_n be_v still_o continue_a and_o be_v daily_o pay_v by_o all_o merchant_n but_o the_o first_o institution_n and_o ground_n thereof_o if_o so_o it_o be_v be_v by_o many_o prince_n either_o total_o omit_v or_o at_o least_o wise_a forget_v and_o therefore_o it_o may_v now_o be_v more_o proper_o call_v a_o custom_n than_o heretofore_o and_o the_o place_n where_o the_o same_o be_v pay_v and_o collect_v call_v thence_o custom-house_n they_o the_o merchant_n must_v learn_v what_o the_o custom_n be_v and_o due_o pay_v they_o the_o merchant_n than_o that_o intend_v to_o negociate_v and_o traffic_n into_o any_o city_n or_o kingdom_n see_v there_o be_v a_o necessity_n in_o the_o payment_n and_o discharge_v thereof_o ought_v first_o diligent_o and_o careful_o learn_v and_o observe_v the_o sum_n and_o quantity_n payable_a upon_o all_o commodity_n whatsoever_o and_o then_o true_o and_o honest_o satisfy_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o ordinance_n and_o proceed_n use_v respective_o in_o those_o country_n partly_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o commodity_n the_o nonpayment_n be_v in_o many_o place_n the_o forfeiture_n and_o partly_o the_o better_a thereby_o to_o make_v his_o calculation_n either_o to_o buy_v or_o sell_v or_o profit_n and_o that_o before_o he_o make_v entry_n of_o any_o good_n in_o the_o say_a custom_n house_n or_o office_n thus_o appoint_v for_o the_o collect_v of_o this_o duty_n he_o take_v notice_n what_o the_o true_a and_o right_a custom_n in_o itself_o be_v rate_n book_n of_o rate_n to_o further_a which_o knowledge_n it_o be_v often_o see_v that_o a_o settle_a rate_n by_o book_n or_o particular_a teriffe_n either_o in_o print_n or_o write_n may_v easy_o in_o every_o such_o city_n of_o trade_n be_v have_v and_o obtain_v but_o if_o as_o it_o be_v sometime_o see_v in_o some_o place_n that_o the_o same_o can_v be_v have_v than_o the_o trader_n must_v learn_v in_o this_o case_n from_o other_o what_o the_o duty_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n be_v wherein_o much_o care_n and_o circumspection_n be_v to_o be_v use_v for_o the_o fraud_n and_o pole_v deceit_n that_o be_v practise_v in_o sundry_a custom-house_n by_o many_o officer_n where_o no_o such_o book_n be_v public_a be_v excessive_a when_o either_o they_o collect_v the_o same_o to_o the_o immediate_a use_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o when_o they_o collect_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o use_n be_v let_v out_o to_o farm_n by_o contract_n and_o yearly_a rent_n unto_o they_o by_o his_o authority_n many_o merchant_n be_v deceive_v by_o their_o device_n and_o slight_n many_o under-officer_n and_o
there_o likewise_o a_o necessity_n that_o the_o same_o be_v true_o learned_a and_o know_v and_o also_o the_o commodity_n upon_o which_o the_o same_o be_v so_o impose_v lest_o otherwise_o the_o trader_n make_v a_o short_a reckon_n in_o his_o account_n and_o find_v this_o impost_n to_o deceive_v he_o of_o his_o expect_a and_o hope_v for_o gain_v know_v fee_n to_o officer_n to_o be_v pay_v and_o know_v to_o conclude_v neither_o be_v these_o duty_n thus_o to_o be_v only_o learn_v and_o due_o satisfy_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o usance_n of_o every_o city_n and_o country_n but_o also_o all_o such_o appurtenance_n as_o belong_v thereunto_o in_o the_o pass_n of_o all_o good_n in_o the_o say_a office_n and_o custom-house_n as_o in_o bill_n of_o entry_n cocket_n certificate_n pass_v of_o bond_n and_o all_o fee_n thereunto_o appertain_v and_o thereupon_o depend_v as_o to_o waiter_n searcher_n clerk_n visitor_n and_o such_o like_a be_v also_o know_v and_o satisfy_v the_o better_a to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n and_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v happen_v by_o the_o default_n thereof_o to_o the_o good_n whereupon_o the_o same_o be_v liable_a these_o custom_n then_o and_o imposition_n thus_o vary_v by_o time_n place_n and_o circumstance_n and_o impose_v alter_v and_o change_v oftentimes_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o any_o one_o hand_n to_o be_v punctual_o know_v in_o all_o place_n therefore_o it_o suffice_v i_o to_o have_v give_v here_o these_o general_n rule_n and_o observation_n conduce_v both_o to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o discharge_n and_o payment_n thereof_o for_o the_o better_a reiglement_n of_o commerce_n in_o this_o particular_a therefore_o i_o may_v be_v hold_v excusable_a if_o i_o be_v find_v in_o this_o point_n to_o be_v defective_a in_o this_o map_n and_o so_o conclude_v herewith_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o point_n which_o be_v of_o the_o money_n and_o coin_n of_o sundry_a kingdom_n use_v in_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchandize_v chap._n v._o of_o the_o money_n and_o coin_n of_o sundry_a country_n use_v in_o general_a in_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchandise_n metal_n silver_n and_o gold_n the_o most_o excellent_a of_o metal_n among_o all_o the_o diversity_n of_o metal_n which_o god_n the_o creator_n have_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o closet_n and_o concavity_n of_o the_o earth_n none_o be_v account_v more_o singular_a and_o excellent_a than_o silver_n and_o gold_n of_o which_o the_o communication_n and_o commerce_n of_o mankind_n have_v frame_v and_o invent_v the_o use_n of_o money_n and_o coin_n which_o money_n and_o coin_n may_v be_v proper_o term_v to_o be_v the_o universal_a measure_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n and_o though_o that_o thus_o natural_o and_o original_o they_o be_v but_o metal_n and_o so_o to_o be_v in_o themselves_o account_v yet_o in_o value_n and_o estimation_n money_n and_o coin_n make_v thereof_o be_v to_o we_o as_o all_o thing_n for_o they_o be_v to_o we_o convert_v once_o to_o thâ—_n use_v as_o meat_n cloth_n house_n horse_n and_o general_o what_o other_o thing_n soever_o man_n have_v else_o need_v of_o and_o thereby_o it_o be_v evident_a and_o manifest_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v obedient_a and_o in_o subjection_n to_o money_n and_o that_o by_o this_o device_n a_o mean_a be_v find_v out_o and_o invent_v whereby_o one_o thing_n shall_v be_v to_o merchant_n as_o all_o and_o therefore_o man_n thrust_v forward_o by_o natural_a inclination_n and_o worldly_a judgement_n choose_v to_o this_o end_n and_o use_v at_o first_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v find_v most_o durable_a proper_a and_o maniable_a which_o they_o only_o observe_v best_a to_o be_v metal_n gold_n coin_n make_v of_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o among_o all_o metal_n give_v silver_n and_o gold_n the_o pre-eminence_n in_o the_o invention_n of_o money_n which_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v thus_o observe_v to_o be_v most_o durable_a and_o incorruptible_a and_o of_o which_o we_o find_v as_o well_o in_o these_o our_o time_n as_o in_o time_n past_a most_o prince_n of_o the_o world_n to_o make_v their_o current_a coin_n of_o between_o man_n and_o man_n in_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n silver_n barter_v and_o exchange_v before_o the_o use_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n i_o deny_v not_o but_o in_o the_o innocency_n of_o those_o golden_a time_n of_o old_a when_o neither_o silver_n nor_o gold_n be_v put_v to_o this_o use_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o traffic_n find_v and_o a_o commerce_n practise_v among_o mankind_n which_o may_v be_v imagine_v do_v not_o then_o extend_v itself_o to_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o that_o same_o nature_n as_o now_o it_o be_v in_o use_n since_o the_o invention_n of_o money_n but_o only_o to_o a_o truck_v exchange_v and_o barter_v and_o that_o only_a for_o thing_n necessary_a to_o back_n and_o belly_n to_o feed_v and_o cloth_n and_o so_o to_o preserve_v life_n but_o these_o time_n wear_v out_o by_o a_o more_o acute_a age_n and_o man_n lay_v to_o themselves_o a_o foundation_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o greatness_n the_o strong_a still_o deprive_v the_o weak_a and_o riches_n thereby_o become_v desirable_a this_o mystery_n creep_v up_o and_o be_v admit_v and_o therefore_o from_o these_o two_o mineral_n be_v find_v out_o a_o body_n which_o once_o authorize_v by_o power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n have_v a_o predominancy_n over_o all_o earthly_a thing_n and_o by_o which_o be_v square_v out_o and_o level_v as_o by_o a_o indifferent_a measure_n all_o thing_n appertain_v to_o mankind_n the_o abundance_n thereof_o bring_v with_o it_o the_o abundance_n of_o honour_n attendant_n necessary_n and_o superfluity_n so_o that_o he_o that_o have_v most_o in_o his_o possession_n be_v account_v of_o as_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a and_o great_a personage_n in_o the_o eye_n rule_n and_o esteem_v of_o the_o world_n but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o present_a time_n though_o in_o general_a throughout_o all_o europe_n it_o be_v now_o find_v that_o coin_n and_o money_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n as_o be_v afore_o observe_v be_v only_o in_o use_n and_o that_o all_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n be_v principal_o draw_v and_o maintain_v thereby_o yet_o it_o be_v note_v in_o this_o map_n that_o all_o nation_n have_v not_o yet_o submit_v their_o judgement_n to_o the_o prerogative_n of_o these_o two_o mineral_n but_o retain_v still_o in_o use_v some_o other_o thing_n serve_v in_o their_o stead_n and_o place_n etc._n several_a sort_n of_o money_n in_o several_a country_n money_n of_o leather_n in_o s._n dominico_n etc._n etc._n for_o first_o in_o the_o island_n of_o porto_n riccio_n saint_n dominico_n and_o in_o many_o place_n of_o america_n they_o have_v in_o use_n small_a piece_n of_o leather_n current_n for_o coin_n among_o they_o not_o that_o they_o want_v silver_n and_o gold_n for_o they_o enjoy_v it_o in_o great_a abundance_n but_o want_v the_o use_n and_o invention_n thereof_o as_o of_o late_a day_n it_o be_v find_v 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city_n of_o trade_n be_v repute_v the_o standard_n of_o the_o place_n by_o which_o as_o well_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o stranger_n do_v make_v their_o bargain_n and_o contract_n and_o without_o which_o many_o bargain_n can_v be_v make_v and_o perfect_v weigh-house_n weigh-house_n and_o therefore_o partly_o to_o avoid_v scruple_n and_o doubt_n and_o partly_o to_o do_v justice_n to_o all_o man_n and_o partly_o to_o decide_v all_o controversy_n incident_a in_o weigh_v there_o be_v in_o the_o most_o eminent_a city_n a_o public_a weigh-house_n set_v up_o and_o appoint_v where_o every_o man_n may_v repair_v unto_o either_o for_o necessity_n of_o weigh_v or_o trial_n of_o his_o weight_n and_o which_o be_v authorize_v by_o the_o prince_n as_o a_o rule_n for_o all_o man_n that_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n thereof_o in_o the_o say_a place_n serve_v sometime_o as_o the_o beam_n whereby_o his_o custom_n and_o duty_n be_v pay_v he_o swear_v weigh_o swear_v the_o master_n overseer_n or_o weigh_o be_v ever_o swear_v and_o depute_v to_o do_v justice_n and_o right_n in_o his_o weigh_v not_o only_o between_o man_n and_o man_n but_o if_o need_v be_v between_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o subject_a calculate_v by_o which_o weight_v the_o weight_n of_o this_o book_n be_v calculate_v this_o weight_n account_v thus_o the_o common_a and_o receive_a standard_n of_o city_n and_o country_n be_v it_o upon_o which_o as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v possible_a i_o have_v in_o all_o these_o follow_a place_n make_v my_o observation_n and_o from_o thence_o raise_v not_o only_o the_o agreement_n thereof_o with_o other_o neighbour_a place_n and_o city_n but_o also_o with_o that_o which_o we_o call_v our_o haberdepou_a weight_n of_o england_n wherein_o with_o all_o industry_n i_o have_v labour_v to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n and_o certainty_n thereof_o which_o as_o subject_a to_o error_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o future_a trial_n of_o the_o better_o experience_v conclude_v this_o point_n with_o a_o way_n and_o method_n invent_v by_o unequal_a weight_n to_o accord_v the_o weight_n of_o any_o two_o know_a place_n or_o city_n which_o brief_o be_v thus_o perform_v place_n a_o way_n to_o accord_v the_o weight_n of_o any_o two_o place_n prepare_v a_o balance_n as_o exact_o make_v as_o be_v possible_a that_o a_o very_a little_a thing_n may_v cause_v they_o to_o incline_v one_o way_n or_o other_o likewise_o prepare_v of_o the_o one_o place_n the_o just_a pound_n the_o half_a pound_n the_o ¼_n the_o ½_n the_o 1_o 16_o the_o 1_o â—8_o the_o 1_o 64_o the_o 1_o 1â—…_n and_o the_o 1_o 123_o part_n of_o that_o pound_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a until_o you_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v sufficient_a then_o take_v the_o just_a pound_n weight_n of_o the_o other_o place_n and_o put_v it_o into_o one_o of_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o balance_n and_o in_o the_o other_o scale_n put_v such_o weight_n as_o may_v just_o counterpoise_v the_o pound_n weight_n of_o that_o place_n as_o for_o example_n say_v that_o the_o half_a the_o ¼_n the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o 1_o 238_o part_n of_o the_o pound_n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o counterpoise_v the_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o other_o place_n then_o by_o consequence_n it_o follow_v that_o 128_o lib._n 64_o lib._n 32_o lib._n and_o 1_o lib._n that_o be_v in_o all_o 255_o lib._n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o weigh_v 256_o lib._n of_o the_o other_o place_n again_o say_v that_o the_o 1_o lib._n the_o â…›_n 1_o â—…_n 1_o â—…_n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o counterpoise_v the_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o other_o then_o i_o infer_v thereby_o that_o 512._o 64._o 〈◊〉_d 2._o and_o 1._o that_o be_v in_o all_o 579_o lib._n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o weigh_v 512_o lib._n of_o the_o other_o place_n by_o which_o the_o calculation_n may_v be_v make_v both_o to_o the_o hundred_o and_o to_o the_o pound_n therefore_o the_o further_a search_n and_o consideration_n thereof_o i_o willing_o here_o omit_v and_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o more_o ingenious_a chap._n vii_o of_o account_n and_o account-keeping_a in_o general_n observe_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n commerce_n account_n necessary_a in_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n all_o rational_a negotiator_n and_o trader_n in_o general_n will_v grant_v that_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v very_o imperfect_a if_o it_o shall_v want_v the_o due_a rule_n and_o observation_n whereby_o account_n be_v in_o all_o city_n of_o commerce_n order_v and_o keep_v which_o though_o find_v in_o themselves_o to_o vary_v in_o several_a kingdom_n and_o place_n as_o have_v oftentimes_o a_o dependency_n and_o sometime_o concurrency_n with_o the_o coin_n and_o money_n of_o each_o kingdom_n yet_o in_o all_o place_n they_o be_v not_o find_v to_o have_v the_o like_a agreement_n together_o country_n account_n keep_v diverse_o in_o divers_a city_n and_o country_n some_o country_n be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n and_o the_o denomination_n thereof_o in_o imaginary_a coin_n such_o as_o neither_o that_o country_n not_o place_n have_v either_o proper_a coin_n or_o money_n that_o have_v any_o affinity_n therewith_o as_o by_o daily_a practice_n be_v see_v use_v in_o venice_n by_o the_o ducat_n of_o lire_fw-fr 6â…“_n in_o florence_n by_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n of_o lire_fw-fr 7½_n and_o as_o in_o england_n it_o be_v use_v in_o those_o ancient_a account_n keep_v in_o some_o office_n for_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o name_n of_o mark_n of_o which_o we_o find_v not_o at_o this_o day_n any_o proper_a coin_n or_o money_n in_o use_n again_o it_o be_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a place_n afford_v several_a denomination_n in_o their_o
account_n and_o divers_a way_n be_v use_v in_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a city_n and_o country_n therein_o as_o in_o some_o city_n of_o italy_n some_o be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o lyre_n soldi_n and_o denari_fw-la and_o some_o again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o crown_n or_o scudi_fw-la soldi_n and_o denari_fw-la as_o the_o like_a in_o england_n be_v note_v some_o as_o before_o observe_v their_o rule_n of_o account_n in_o mark_n and_o penny_n and_o some_o and_o those_o the_o most_o usual_a and_o common_a in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n sterling_n the_o which_o be_v necessary_a both_o due_o to_o be_v learn_v and_o true_o to_o be_v know_v and_o understand_v by_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n of_o and_o exercise_v the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v and_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n divers_a the_o method_n use_v in_o account_n be_v divers_a now_o for_o the_o method_n use_v in_o keep_v these_o account_n every_o country_n and_o nation_n be_v observe_v to_o frame_v to_o themselves_o way_n mean_n and_o rule_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v perform_v and_o perfect_v and_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n every_o country_n a_o peculiar_a form_n by_o themselves_o creditor_n the_o best_a be_v by_o way_n of_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n the_o general_a know_a method_n and_o best_a form_n be_v by_o the_o laudable_a and_o excellent_a way_n of_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n first_o invent_v in_o italy_n and_o now_o general_o practise_v by_o most_o part_n of_o the_o eminent_a merchant_n of_o europe_n receive_v for_o the_o most_o absolute_a best_a and_o true_a method_n of_o account_n that_o hitherto_o have_v be_v find_v out_o and_o invent_v which_o here_o to_o set_v down_o will_v challenge_v a_o volume_n by_o itself_o yet_o such_o be_v the_o necessity_n of_o this_o knowledge_n that_o every_o merchant_n shall_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o profession_n be_v well_o verse_v and_o see_v therein_o the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v universal_o know_v and_o daily_o teach_v ay_o reser_fw-ge to_o my_o good_a friend_n master_n ralph_n handson_n and_o master_n valentine_n markham_n who_o be_v both_o excellent_a and_o excellent_o learn_v therein_o accountant_a four_o rule_n require_v in_o a_o accountant_a conclude_v this_o place_n with_o four_o principal_a rule_n require_v and_o not_o to_o be_v omit_v by_o such_o as_o have_v to_o do_v and_o practice_v account_n in_o merchandize_v circumstance_n 1._o to_o write_v all_o and_o all_o circumstance_n first_o it_o be_v require_v that_o in_o his_o account-keeping_a he_o write_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o passage_n thereof_o and_o thereto_o belong_v with_o all_o circumstance_n of_o time_n price_n and_o other_o condition_n in_o every_o bargain_n contract_n adventure_n receipt_n of_o good_n sale_n etc._n etc._n in_o which_o though_o there_o shall_v afterward_o appear_v a_o error_n either_o by_o disorderly_a charge_v or_o by_o over_o and_o under_o charge_v yet_o it_o will_v easy_o at_o a_o second_o view_n be_v both_o correct_v and_o amend_v he_o 2._o not_o to_o suffer_v his_o account_n to_o outrun_v he_o second_o it_o be_v require_v that_o he_o never_o come_v behindhand_o with_o his_o account_n by_o let_v the_o same_o run_v overlong_a or_o be_v daily_o finish_v the_o trouble_n will_v be_v nothing_o but_o be_v a_o while_n neglect_v a_o man_n be_v still_o find_v to_o be_v the_o loath_a and_o loath_a to_o go_v in_o hand_n therewith_o and_o thus_o grow_a more_o loath_a every_o day_n than_o other_o when_o necessity_n constrain_v he_o either_o he_o be_v enforce_v to_o mumble_v they_o up_o to_o his_o own_o prejudice_n or_o to_o cast_v they_o off_o and_o to_o neglect_v they_o altogether_o to_o his_o own_o shame_n and_o undo_n perfect_a 3._o to_o keep_v they_o true_a and_o perfect_a three_o it_o be_v require_v that_o he_o keep_v they_o just_a true_a and_o perfect_a and_o not_o to_o falsify_v any_o parcel_n matter_n or_o thing_n nor_o yet_o interline_v or_o shuffle_v one_o matter_n with_o another_o but_o to_o set_v every_o thing_n either_o apportain_v to_o himself_o or_o to_o any_o other_o plain_o direct_o and_o orderly_o down_o arithmetician_n 4._o that_o he_o be_v a_o good_a arithmetician_n last_o it_o be_v require_v that_o he_o be_v well_o skilled_a in_o the_o art_n of_o arithmetic_n and_o number_v which_o indeed_o be_v the_o principal_a step_n to_o this_o art_n of_o account_v and_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n without_o which_o knowledge_n let_v none_o dare_v to_o entitle_v himself_o a_o merchant_n nor_o expect_v a_o benefit_n from_o this_o work_n for_o the_o skill_n whereof_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o learner_n the_o judicious_a and_o excellent_a arithmetician_n of_o this_o city_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o general_a point_n of_o commerce_n which_o be_v measure_n chap._n viii_o of_o measure_n in_o general_n use_v in_o merchandize_v and_o comprehend_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n general_n of_o measure_n in_o general_n the_o next_o material_a point_n here_o handle_v be_v the_o measure_n in_o general_a use_v in_o all_o kingdom_n and_o know_a city_n of_o trade_n by_o mean_n whereof_o a_o certain_a way_n and_o method_n be_v find_v out_o and_o invent_v to_o distinguish_v and_o order_v by_o rule_n the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o all_o commodity_n measurable_a especial_o accustom_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o fabric_n either_o linen_n woollen_a silk_n or_o other_o stuff_n and_o this_o be_v observe_v also_o as_o in_o weight_n to_o have_v a_o special_a prerogative_n in_o many_o bargain_n and_o contract_n where_o either_o buy_v or_o sell_v of_o thing_n measurable_a be_v subsistent_a and_o in_o use_n be_v grant_v to_o be_v a_o fundamental_a point_n of_o all_o the_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o thereby_o as_o by_o weight_n many_o commutation_n be_v regulate_v many_o account_n be_v frame_v and_o profit_n and_o loss_n be_v also_o thereby_o find_v out_o and_o distinguish_v it_o be_v also_o estimate_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o standard_n of_o kingdom_n and_o city_n magistrate_n false_a measure_n punishable_a by_o the_o magistrate_n and_o therefore_o as_o well_o as_o weight_n carry_v with_o it_o the_o approbation_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o sovereign_a magistrate_n and_o therefore_o to_o add_v or_o detract_v therefrom_o be_v ever_o in_o all_o country_n hold_v punishable_a and_o account_v a_o capital_a crime_n measure_n divers_a country_n have_v divers_a measure_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v find_v so_o diverse_o to_o vary_v that_o every_o city_n and_o province_n be_v note_v almost_o to_o have_v as_o well_o a_o distinct_a measure_n as_o a_o distinct_a weight_n which_o in_o themselves_o oftentimes_o be_v find_v much_o to_o differ_v and_o some_o particular_a city_n be_v observe_v by_o custom_n to_o have_v divers_a measure_n for_o divers_a sort_n of_o commodity_n as_o it_o be_v see_v practise_v by_o example_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n where_o the_o yard_n be_v account_v the_o common_a measure_n for_o cloth_n and_o woollen_a and_o silk_n etc._n etc._n the_o ell_n account_v the_o common_a measure_n for_o linen_n and_o the_o goad_n for_o frize_n cotton_n and_o the_o like_a which_o in_o many_o other_o country_n be_v also_o observable_a josephus_n â—ain_o the_o first_o inventor_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n josephus_n and_o as_o for_o measure_n in_o the_o general_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o the_o first_o measure_n that_o be_v to_o this_o end_n invent_v be_v the_o cubit_n agree_v as_o some_o imagine_v with_o the_o half_a ell_n the_o which_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n or_o quarter_n and_o every_o quarter_n into_o four_o inch_n peradventure_o this_o be_v in_o those_o time_n a_o general_a rule_n to_o all_o nation_n but_o time_n and_o traffic_n have_v since_o give_v to_o every_o country_n a_o particular_a measure_n and_o therewith_o a_o peculiar_a law_n of_o measure_v which_o contain_v a_o succinct_a length_n by_o itself_o which_o at_o this_o day_n we_o see_v practise_v through_o most_o part_n of_o the_o know_a world_n in_o several_a way_n and_o thus_o diversity_n of_o place_n give_v also_o diversity_n of_o name_n to_o their_o measure_n such_o as_o be_v the_o ell_n yard_n goad_n fathom_n cane_n auln_v brace_n pico_n stick_v palm_n vare_fw-la covado_fw-mi and_o the_o like_a body_n measure_n of_o solid_a body_n but_o invention_n by_o the_o help_n and_o assistance_n of_o time_n grow_v more_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a and_o find_v that_o neither_o weight_n nor_o yet_o this_o measure_n can_v extend_v itself_o to_o all_o commodity_n use_v in_o and_o by_o way_n of_o merchandise_n the_o art_n of_o measure_v of_o solid_a body_n become_v to_o be_v hence_o produce_v as_o we_o see_v it_o in_o use_n in_o the_o measure_n of_o timber_n stone_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n neither_o yet_o be_v commerce_n satisfy_v herewith_o commodity_n measure_n of_o dry_a and_o liquid_a
commodity_n for_o the_o ingenious_a merchant_n find_v it_o still_o defective_a and_o therefore_o to_o have_v it_o yet_o more_o perfect_a invent_v the_o art_n of_o concave_a measure_n that_o shall_v serve_v as_o well_o for_o dry_v as_o for_o liquid_a commodity_n as_o it_o be_v see_v practise_v at_o this_o day_n for_o grain_n rice_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n and_o for_o oil_n wine_n water_n liquor_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n set_v by_o this_o way_n by_o art_n and_o invention_n in_o most_o of_o these_o commodity_n a_o concordance_n of_o measure_n with_o weight_n as_o in_o other_o commodity_n be_v set_v a_o concordance_n of_o weight_n with_o measure_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o knowledge_n in_o the_o general_n be_v of_o itself_o too_o capacious_a and_o large_a to_o be_v particular_o handle_v as_o the_o subject_n require_v i_o have_v be_v therefore_o constrain_v to_o confine_v myself_o to_o measure_n of_o length_n only_o as_o be_v the_o most_o necessary_a part_n of_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n yet_o so_o as_o i_o have_v not_o omit_v the_o rest_n where_o they_o have_v fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o my_o observation_n and_o if_o i_o have_v therein_o be_v find_v defective_a the_o vastness_n of_o the_o subject_n may_v plead_v my_o excuse_n measure_n all_o measure_n to_o the_o merchant_n must_v be_v as_o one_o measure_n he_o than_o that_o intend_v by_o way_n of_o traffic_n to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o tract_n must_v as_o well_o be_v skilled_a in_o measure_n as_o i_o have_v observe_v as_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o weight_n for_o he_o must_v not_o only_o ready_o know_v his_o own_o measure_n as_o it_o stand_v and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o itself_o in_o use_n but_o also_o the_o measure_n of_o that_o place_n whereto_o he_o bend_v his_o trade_n and_o negotiation_n allow_v or_o deduct_v by_o addition_n or_o substraction_n where_o the_o overplus_n or_o want_n do_v challenge_v a_o part_n to_o make_v a_o due_a proportion_n of_o both_o and_o be_v so_o well_o verse_v therein_o as_o that_o all_o measure_n may_v be_v to_o he_o as_o one_o measure_n by_o a_o true_a calculation_n of_o the_o length_n or_o the_o shortness_n thereof_o measurer_n all_o city_n of_o trade_n have_v swear_v and_o public_a measurer_n again_o it_o be_v find_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o merchant_n that_o in_o all_o country_n and_o well-governed_a city_n there_o be_v for_o the_o reiglement_n of_o thing_n measurable_a institute_v a_o public_a measurer_n authorize_v by_o the_o sovereign_a magistrate_n who_o be_v swear_v to_o decide_v all_o controversy_n that_o happen_v in_o and_o about_o the_o art_n of_o measure_v to_o who_o honesty_n and_o faith_n be_v entrust_v this_o public_a measure_n and_o to_o which_o all_o merchant_n and_o trader_n may_v in_o time_n of_o need_n and_o difference_n repair_v and_o have_v recourse_n unto_o and_o by_o which_o in_o many_o place_n it_o be_v see_v that_o prince_n do_v receive_v their_o duty_n of_o custom_n upon_o commodity_n measurable_a and_o by_o this_o common_a know_v and_o receive_v public_a measure_n i_o have_v make_v my_o observation_n in_o all_o place_n and_o as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v not_o only_o rectify_v the_o same_o in_o the_o agreement_n thereof_o with_o other_o neighbour_a place_n and_o country_n but_o also_o with_o our_o own_o use_n in_o england_n and_o therefore_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n i_o have_v here_o insert_v the_o form_n of_o a_o instrument_n easy_a to_o be_v make_v and_o purposely_o invent_v to_o accord_v the_o measure_n of_o any_o two_o know_a place_n or_o country_n whether_o they_o be_v ell_n vares_n yard_n cane_n or_o any_o other_o measure_n whatsoever_o a_o instrument_n to_o find_v out_o the_o agreement_n of_o measure_n in_o any_o two_o city_n first_o then_o learn_v the_o order_n and_o custom_n of_o measure_v of_o all_o those_o sort_n of_o commodity_n in_o both_o place_n which_o you_o will_v inquire_v after_o then_o prepare_v a_o smooth_a straight_a board_n plate_n or_o such_o like_a and_o draw_v upon_o the_o same_o a_o straight_a line_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o measure_n in_o one_o of_o the_o place_n with_o his_o allowance_n of_o measure_v either_o a_o inch_n or_o shaftnet_n or_o such_o like_a which_o for_o example_n i_o will_v demonstrate_v in_o this_o figure_n ab_fw-la first_o then_o divide_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la into_o four_o equal_a part_n which_o be_v cde_v and_o divide_v the_o quarter_n of_o ac_fw-la into_o 250_o equal_a part_n and_o number_n they_o from_o 10_o to_o 10_o upward_o make_v the_o print_n c_o the_o 750_o part_n for_o the_o number_n of_o part_n contain_v in_o the_o other_o three_o empty_a quarter_n then_o mark_v upon_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la the_o length_n of_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o other_o place_n with_o his_o allowance_n which_o be_v for_o example_n from_o b_o to_o f_o be_v just_a in_o the_o 900_o part_n therefore_o 900_o of_o those_o measure_n in_o the_o first_o place_n make_v just_a 1000_o of_o those_o measure_n in_o the_o other_o place_n but_o if_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o other_o place_n be_v long_o than_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o first_o place_n as_o for_o example_n if_o it_o be_v from_o b_o to_z g_z then_o take_v the_o distance_n of_o agnostus_n with_o a_o compass_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o and_o extend_v the_o other_o towards_o a_o which_o for_o example_n do_v come_v to_o rest_v in_o f_o be_v 150_o part_n from_o c_z therefore_o then_o 1150_o measure_n of_o the_o one_o place_n make_v just_a 1000_o of_o the_o other_o by_o which_o you_o may_v calculate_v to_o a_o lesser_a proportion_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o conceive_v needful_a to_o insert_v concern_v the_o knowledge_n of_o measure_n in_o general_a and_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o which_o be_v the_o knowledge_n in_o general_n of_o commodity_n use_v by_o the_o way_n of_o merchandize_v chap._n ix_o of_o commodity_n in_o general_n use_v by_o the_o way_n of_o merchandise_n and_o of_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o thereof_o commodity_n in_o general_n use_v in_o merchandize_v and_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o have_v speak_v of_o city_n of_o trade_n in_o general_n as_o they_o be_v distinguish_v in_o these_o day_n and_o of_o the_o custom_n more_o or_o less_o that_o be_v impose_v by_o prince_n in_o all_o city_n where_o trade_n be_v practise_v upon_o all_o commodity_n use_v as_o merchandise_n by_o such_o as_o negotiate_v and_o use_v traffic_n and_o of_o the_o money_n and_o current_a coin_n whereby_o this_o trade_n be_v drive_v with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v distinguish_v and_o regulate_v the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v handle_v in_o order_n be_v the_o commodity_n and_o ware_n themselves_o wherewith_o this_o commerce_n be_v maintain_v and_o practise_v in_o every_o city_n and_o country_n comprise_v in_o this_o map_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a thing_n upon_o which_o the_o say_a duty_n be_v pay_v and_o for_o which_o the_o say_v money_n be_v see_v to_o be_v give_v in_o exchange_n by_o the_o way_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v artificial_a all_o commodity_n be_v either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a all_o commodity_n than_o that_o be_v use_v as_o merchandize_n by_o trader_n and_o merchant_n may_v proper_o be_v distinguish_v into_o two_o kind_n and_o be_v either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a commodity_n commodity_n natural_a commodity_n natural_a commodity_n i_o call_v such_o as_o the_o earth_n or_o creature_n either_o with_o or_o without_o the_o labour_n and_o industry_n of_o man_n do_v do_v natural_o produce_v of_o themselves_o of_o which_o kind_n be_v wine_n oil_n cotton_n wool_n fruit_n grain_n raw_a silk_n spice_n drug_n gem_n gold_n silver_n and_o the_o like_a commodity_n artificial_a commodity_n artificial_a commodity_n i_o call_v such_o as_o be_v either_o wrought_v or_o perfect_v by_o art_n or_o mystery_n of_o which_o kind_n be_v all_o fabric_n of_o either_o woollen_a linen_n silk_n and_o also_o the_o commodity_n of_o all_o manual_a 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virtue_n taste_n see_v or_o feel_v and_o what_o he_o have_v thus_o learned_a and_o gain_v to_o take_v order_n never_o to_o forget_v by_o commit_v the_o same_o to_o writing_n and_o therewith_o to_o note_v the_o sign_n and_o mark_n of_o the_o goodness_n and_o badness_n of_o all_o those_o commodity_n that_o a_o man_n do_v either_o deal_n in_o or_o will_v learn_v to_o know_v and_o to_o make_v this_o knowledge_n the_o more_o complete_a to_o note_v down_o therewith_o all_o manner_n of_o charge_n incident_a thereto_o and_o that_o grow_v in_o that_o place_n upon_o the_o same_o with_o the_o ordinary_a price_n which_o there_o it_o do_v common_o bear_v and_o hold_v and_o though_o these_o note_n shall_v either_o by_o haste_n or_o misinformation_n be_v at_o the_o first_o rude_a and_o undigested_a or_o though_o many_o shall_v prove_v frivolous_a and_o to_o little_a purpose_n it_o matter_n not_o much_o the_o one_o sort_n may_v soon_o be_v better_o order_v and_o the_o other_o may_v as_o easy_o be_v 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as_o much_o as_o i_o think_v needful_a to_o insert_v concern_v this_o point_n in_o general_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o and_o last_o which_o be_v of_o exchange_n practise_v among_o merchant_n in_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v caap._n x._o of_o exchange_n in_o general_a use_v by_o merchant_n in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n commerce_n exchange_n in_o general_n practise_v by_o merchant_n in_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n the_o next_o and_o last_o general_a point_n handle_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n be_v exchange_n which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v the_o most_o mysterious_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v and_o traffic_n be_v not_o only_o necessary_a for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o merchant_n but_o also_o fit_a and_o useful_a for_o such_o as_o negotiate_v the_o public_a affair_n of_o prince_n and_o for_o such_o as_o sit_v at_o the_o stern_a and_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n exchange_n the_o necessity_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o exchange_n the_o necessity_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o these_o exchange_n in_o all_o traffic_n be_v doubtless_o very_o great_a it_o have_v find_v in_o all_o country_n hitherto_o such_o a_o general_a allowance_n and_o approbation_n and_o have_v for_o so_o many_o year_n stand_v uncontrolled_a and_o be_v still_o preserve_v in_o its_o pristine_a splendour_n and_o integrity_n show_v evident_o that_o at_o first_o the_o same_o be_v invent_v and_o devise_v to_o a_o most_o excellent_a use_n and_o end_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o money_n be_v devise_v and_o first_o invent_v of_o the_o best_a and_o pure_a metal_n to_o avoid_v the_o chargeable_a and_o troublesome_a carriage_n of_o commodity_n in_o trade_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o so_o be_v exchange_n of_o money_n first_o also_o devise_v and_o find_v out_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n thereof_o and_o the_o chargeable_a and_o troublesome_a carriage_n of_o the_o same_o from_o one_o city_n or_o country_n to_o another_o exchange_n the_o excellency_n etc._n etc._n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n i_o conceive_v it_o will_v not_o be_v material_a for_o i_o in_o this_o place_n to_o reckon_v up_o the_o divers_a manner_n of_o exchange_n that_o have_v be_v of_o old_a in_o use_n and_o as_o yet_o be_v practise_v among_o trader_n and_o merchant_n throughout_o the_o world_n nor_o yet_o here_o insert_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v account_v so_o noble_a and_o excellent_a a_o specialty_n that_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o not_o only_o a_o kind_n of_o command_a power_n to_o pay_v but_o be_v according_o observe_v satisfy_v and_o discharge_v though_o direct_v from_o the_o servant_n to_o the_o master_n such_o a_o high_a esteem_n be_v ever_o have_v to_o the_o quality_n thereof_o that_o the_o proceed_n and_o ceremony_n use_v therein_o be_v both_o singular_a and_o extraordinary_a and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o prescription_n by_o law_n or_o otherwise_o but_o subsist_v mere_o of_o a_o reverend_a custom_n use_v and_o solemnize_v in_o and_o about_o the_o same_o neither_o yet_o will_v i_o here_o mention_v the_o formality_n and_o peculiar_a rite_n and_o custom_n that_o be_v only_o find_v to_o appertain_v thereunto_o either_o in_o the_o punctual_a presentment_n intimation_n acceptation_n protest_v and_o return_v that_o be_v requisite_a and_o necessary_a and_o thereto_o belong_v for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o he_o that_o do_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o a_o merchant_n and_o intend_v to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o map_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v ignorant_a in_o all_o the_o particular_a circumstance_n of_o place_n and_o time_n either_o of_o presentment_n of_o payment_n of_o due_a protest_v in_o default_n and_o therewith_o know_v the_o common_a rule_n govern_v the_o cause_n of_o rise_v the_o sign_n of_o fall_v of_o the_o say_a price_n which_o i_o here_o willing_o omit_v reserve_v the_o same_o to_o a_o more_o fit_a occasion_n in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n principle_n the_o mystery_n of_o exchange_n reduce_v to_o prufitable_a principle_n i_o have_v note_v then_o the_o first_o use_n of_o this_o exchange_v and_o the_o excellency_n thereof_o be_v preserve_v in_o time_n pass_v in_o its_o true_a integrity_n and_o reality_n but_o those_o honest_a and_o innocent_a end_n be_v vanish_v with_o those_o innocent_a and_o honest_a day_n of_o our_o forefather_n for_o since_o trade_n by_o a_o more_o general_a and_o universal_a commerce_n and_o concurrency_n of_o nation_n be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n and_o perfection_n that_o now_o it_o be_v this_o fair_a and_o candid_a manner_n and_o use_n of_o exchange_v and_o the_o most_o excellent_a commodity_n thereof_o be_v in_o part_n give_v over_o for_o the_o subtlety_n of_o these_o time_n have_v make_v a_o art_n and_o mystery_n thereof_o which_o be_v reduce_v into_o head_n and_o principle_n have_v prove_v in_o many_o place_n so_o profitable_a and_o beneficial_a to_o the_o studious_a therein_o that_o it_o be_v now_o a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o the_o excellency_n thereof_o exceed_v the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v itself_o and_o what_o invention_n and_o sleight_n to_o enrich_v themselves_o their_o policy_n have_v bring_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o world_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o malines_n and_o other_o that_o have_v at_o large_a discourse_v thereof_o and_o describe_v the_o same_o but_o where_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o exchange_n be_v still_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v in_o its_o true_a and_o moderate_a use_n and_o the_o craft_n and_o abuse_n thereof_o take_v away_o and_o purge_v it_o than_o appear_v to_o be_v most_o excellent_a useful_a commodious_a and_o beneficial_a as_o well_o to_o kingdom_n and_o city_n in_o general_a as_o to_o private_a trader_n and_o merchant_n in_o particular_a exchange_n all_o coin_n bring_v into_o one_o by_o exchange_n i_o have_v observe_v before_o that_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_n shall_v be_v to_o the_o merchant_n as_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o weight_n and_o measure_n abate_v or_o allow_v as_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o place_n require_v so_o by_o this_o knowledge_n of_o exchange_v shall_v all_o prince_n coin_n be_v bring_v into_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a quality_n and_o parity_n and_o be_v to_o he_o as_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o coin_n for_o if_o the_o allay_n or_o standard_n of_o one_o prince_n money_n be_v fine_a or_o better_o than_o the_o coin_n and_o money_n use_v in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o merchant_n reside_v and_o his_o consequent_o coarse_a or_o base_a the_o allowance_n give_v by_o exchange_n either_o in_o time_n in_o price_n or_o in_o both_o make_v up_o that_o disparity_n and_o settle_v thus_o a_o parity_n between_o they_o in_o draw_v down_o the_o one_o which_o be_v the_o fine_a or_o raise_v up_o the_o other_o which_o be_v the_o base_a to_o a_o even_a scantling_n time_n and_o price_n give_v the_o
those_o searcher_n to_o be_v able_a and_o sufficient_a man_n in_o knowledge_n and_o skill_n and_o to_o be_v swear_v to_o do_v upright_o by_o which_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o original_n and_o proper_a office_n of_o the_o alneger_n be_v to_o view_v and_o prevent_v the_o false_a make_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o woolen_n clothes_n etc._n etc._n and_o not_o retail_v his_o seal_n to_o clothier_n to_o be_v put_v upon_o what_o he_o please_v when_o the_o use_n of_o clothe_v be_v plant_v here_o some_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n undertake_v the_o profession_n the_o number_n be_v but_o small_a for_o a_o long_a time_n but_o find_v such_o good_a success_n on_o their_o labour_n as_o they_o mighty_o increase_v in_o fame_n and_o riches_n chief_a comforter_n to_o the_o age_a and_o trainer_n up_o of_o youth_n their_o house_n frequent_v their_o table_n replenish_v their_o hospitality_n bountiful_a and_o in_o their_o carriage_n plain_a and_o honest_a yet_o with_o plenty_n and_o content_n noble_a 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forth_o all_o fruit_n that_o from_o spain_n have_v be_v hither_o transplant_v add_v every_o day_n a_o increase_n to_o their_o present_a traffic_n the_o special_a matter_n here_o seek_v out_o for_o be_v gold_n and_o silver_n the_o loadstone_n that_o attract_v all_o merchant_n to_o adventure_v hither_o and_o in_o their_o mine_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v set_v continual_o to_o work_v live_v poor_o and_o undergo_a thus_o the_o punishment_n of_o their_o ignorance_n and_o pusillanimity_n in_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v so_o easy_o overcome_v and_o so_o base_o subject_v out_o of_o which_o mine_n the_o king_n have_v the_o â…“_n part_n of_o all_o extract_v which_o in_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o time_n amount_v but_o to_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n of_o gold_n yearly_a but_o since_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v have_v thence_o sometime_o ten_o sometime_o fifteen_o and_o sometime_o seventeen_o million_o of_o gold_n yearly_o the_o merchant_n carry_v thither_o spanish_a wine_n woollen_a and_o linnen-cloth_n and_o other_o merchandize_n of_o europe_n and_o if_o report_n may_v gain_v credit_n do_v make_v return_n thence_o above_o one_o hundred_o profit_n for_o another_o in_o spice_n sugar_n some_o drug_n and_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n ingot_n in_o great_a abundance_n as_o well_o for_o the_o account_n of_o private_a machant_n as_o for_o the_o account_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o so_o that_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o record_v keep_v in_o the_o custom-house_n of_o sevil_n that_o in_o these_o seventy-four_a year_n last_o pass_v there_o have_v come_v from_o this_o india_n into_o spain_n two_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o million_o of_o gold_n which_o have_v be_v the_o mover_n of_o all_o those_o broil_n and_o war_n that_o have_v be_v set_v afoot_o in_o europe_n by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n
it_o be_v affirm_v without_o contradiction_n that_o by_o mean_n thereof_o philip_n the_o second_o during_o his_o reign_n do_v spend_v more_o than_o all_o his_o predecessor_n be_v in_o number_n sixty-two_a that_o have_v reign_v before_o he_o in_o this_o kingdom_n before_o they_o shake_v off_o the_o roman_a yoke_n for_o he_o alone_o spend_v more_o than_o a_o hundred_o million_o that_o come_v out_o of_o this_o india_n this_o country_n also_o give_v employment_n to_o many_o ship_n of_o great_a burden_n to_o carry_v their_o sugar_n ginger_n cotton_n fernandbuck_n and_o such_o other_o commodity_n that_o be_v here_o find_v daily_o to_o increase_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o spaniard_n which_o by_o good_a government_n may_v come_v in_o time_n to_o a_o great_a height_n and_o have_v not_o the_o sword_n of_o these_o bloodsucker_n end_v so_o many_o million_o of_o life_n in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n trade_n may_v have_v see_v a_o great_a harvest_n and_o a_o more_o profitable_a crop_n by_o their_o industry_n and_o labour_n it_o will_v not_o be_v further_o useful_a for_o i_o to_o insist_v upon_o other_o particular_n of_o traffic_n in_o this_o continent_n in_o matter_n of_o coin_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n for_o in_o all_o these_o they_o follow_v the_o rule_v observe_v in_o sevil_n where_o the_o rendezvous_n of_o those_o ship_n be_v make_v that_o go_v and_o come_v into_o these_o part_n and_o so_o leave_v this_o new_a discover_v division_n of_o the_o world_n i_o will_v cross_v the_o main_a ocean_n and_o with_o a_o somewhat_o better_a survey_n i_o will_v observe_v the_o needful_a occurrent_n of_o trade_n in_o africa_n my_o second_o part_n of_o this_o model_n and_o of_o the_o world_n of_o africa_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n fourteen_o thereof_o africa_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o africa_n i_o make_v to_o be_v my_o second_o division_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o peninsula_n almost_o encompass_v round_o have_v the_o red_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n the_o southern_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a on_o the_o north_n and_o where_o the_o sea_n be_v defective_a to_o make_v it_o a_o complete_a island_n there_o be_v a_o little_a isthmus_n of_o 20_o league_n that_o ti_v it_o to_o asia_n which_o sundry_a prince_n in_o former_a age_n intend_v to_o trench_v through_o to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o both_o those_o sea_n unite_v but_o have_v desist_v as_o find_v the_o sea_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n gulf_n to_o be_v high_a than_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n by_o nature_n all_o flat_a level_a and_o plain_a and_o so_o may_v thereby_o overflow_v and_o drown_v all_o egypt_n part_n divide_v into_o eight_o part_n africa_n be_v at_o this_o day_n usual_o divide_v into_o eight_o part_n which_o be_v 1._o barbary_n 2._o numidia_n 3._o lybia_n 4._o negrita_n 5._o aethiopia_n interior_n 6._o aethiopia_n exterior_a 7._o egypt_n and_o 8._o the_o island_n thereof_o 1_o barbary_n 1_o and_o first_o barbary_n be_v now_o divide_v into_o four_o kingdom_n which_o be_v first_o tunis_n second_o argier_n three_o fez_n and_o four_o morocco_z the_o commodity_n these_o country_n send_v abroad_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o when_o i_o come_v to_o these_o particular_a place_n chap._n xv._o of_o tunis_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tunis_n description_n of_o tunis_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n contain_v sundry_a city_n of_o trade_n viz._n bona_n biserta_fw-la tripoli_n africa_n and_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a the_o city_n of_o tunis_n itself_o which_o be_v situate_a near_a unto_o a_o lake_n some_o seven_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n extend_v almost_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o goletta_n whereby_o this_o port_n common_o call_v the_o port_n of_o goletta_n be_v strong_o guard_v be_v about_o eight_o mile_n distant_a from_o this_o city_n near_o unto_o which_o be_v seat_v that_o famous_a city_n of_o carthage_n who_o contend_v with_o rome_n for_o the_o mastery_n of_o the_o world_n and_o challenge_v the_o priority_n in_o africa_n as_o queen_n and_o supreme_a lady_n thereof_o not_o only_o see_v in_o here_o ruin_n and_o know_v by_o her_o vast_a extent_n and_o from_o who_o ash_n spring_v up_o tunis_n which_o be_v almost_o 4_o english_a mile_n in_o circuit_n within_o the_o wall_n and_o with_o the_o suburb_n will_v make_v in_o compass_n about_o 7_o mile_n the_o street_n be_v general_o very_o narrow_a it_o be_v exceed_o populous_a as_o appear_v by_o that_o terrible_a devastation_n in_o the_o year_n 1643_o and_o part_n of_o 44_o wherein_o there_o die_v of_o the_o plague_n in_o the_o space_n of_o about_o 15_o month_n if_o vox_fw-la populi_n may_v be_v credit_v no_o less_o than_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o person_n and_o yet_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o after_o be_v scarce_o miss_v the_o native_n be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n moor_n and_o andaluzes_n which_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o those_o moor_n which_o by_o thousand_o be_v banish_v from_o spain_n who_o profess_v the_o mahometan_a religion_n government_n government_n the_o great_a turk_n be_v acknowledge_v for_o their_o protector_n who_o every_o three_o year_n and_o sometime_o often_o do_v send_v hither_o a_o bashaw_n who_o represent_v his_o person_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o viceroy_n send_v by_o he_o to_o recover_v in_o his_o tribute_n from_o the_o moor_n of_o this_o country_n and_o to_o pay_v off_o his_o janissary_n which_o be_v about_o 400_o in_o number_n and_o these_o keep_v in_o subjection_n the_o whole_a city_n and_o some_o adjacent_a town_n the_o government_n chief_o appertain_v to_o the_o dey_n or_o captain_n general_n for_o so_o the_o word_n do_v import_v who_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o turk_n there_o be_v also_o a_o duan_n or_o council_n of_o state_n who_o consult_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n yet_o have_v not_o absolute_a power_n to_o determine_v of_o any_o thing_n without_o the_o consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o dey_n who_o rule_v they_o as_o he_o please_v building_n building_n their_o house_n be_v build_v of_o stone_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v after_o a_o square_a form_n and_o flat_a at_o the_o top_n there_o be_v a_o court-yard_n in_o the_o midst_n for_o the_o convey_n of_o light_n into_o the_o adjacent_a room_n some_o few_o of_o their_o house_n be_v magnificent_a and_o their_o church_n general_o thâ—_n small_a be_v superficial_o beautiful_a which_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v so_o sacred_a that_o none_o that_o be_v not_o musselman_n that_o be_v true_a believer_n according_a to_o the_o mahometan_a account_n be_v permit_v to_o set_v foot_n therein_o if_o they_o do_v there_o be_v no_o remedy_n but_o they_o must_v either_o turn_v from_o or_o burn_v for_o their_o religion_n this_o kingdom_n be_v much_o better_v and_o enrich_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o andaluze_n who_o have_v here_o build_v many_o city_n and_o temple_n according_a to_o their_o superstitious_a use_n plant_v vine_n orange_n lemon_n fig_n date_n almond_n and_o olive_n and_o thereby_o have_v much_o people_v and_o prosit_v the_o whole_a country_n port._n port._n the_o port_n be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o safe_a and_o secure_a except_v only_o when_o a_o wind_n blow_v hard_a which_o make_v a_o great_a sea_n and_o withal_o so_o large_a that_o many_o hundred_o sail_n may_v ride_v at_o anchor_n the_o ground_n likewise_o be_v very_o good_a coin_n coin_n the_o coin_n passable_a here_o be_v of_o three_o kind_n of_o metal_n viz._n gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n those_o of_o gold_n be_v usual_o but_o of_o three_o sort_n namely_o the_o sultany_n which_o common_o pass_v at_o 90_o asper_n 52_o whereof_o go_v to_o a_o spanish_a dollar_n or_o ryal_n of_o 〈◊〉_d the_o venice_n chickeen_n at_o 2_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o spain_n and_o the_o spanish_a pistolet_n at_o 3¼_n ryal_n of_o 〈◊〉_d but_o these_o gold_n coin_n do_v vary_v much_o in_o their_o value_n according_a to_o man_n necessity_n and_o the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n thereof_o sultany_n have_v pass_v sometime_o at_o 100_o asper_n apiece_o for_o a_o long_a while_n together_o likewise_o the_o spanish_a pistolet_n have_v be_v at_o 3½_n and_o the_o venice_n chickeen_n at_o 2¼_n ryal_n of_o 8_o â—_o the_o reason_n why_o these_o do_v often_o rise_v so_o high_a be_v principal_o the_o mahometan_n go_v to_o mecha_n to_o visit_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o their_o false_a prophet_n who_o for_o their_o light_a carriage_n be_v very_o inquisitive_a after_o gold_n but_o they_o chief_o desire_v sultany_n which_o in_o divers_a place_n go_v current_a for_o 2_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d a_o piece_n sometime_o also_o they_o inquire_v after_o spanish_a pistolet_n but_o seldom_o or_o never_o after_o venice_n chequin_n for_o they_o be_v not_o passable_a in_o those_o part_n yet_o this_o last_o
the_o five_o arguer_n the_o six_o be_v alcase_a near_o to_o which_o the_o three_o king_n sebastian_z of_o portugal_n mahomet_n of_o fez_n and_o abdelmelech_n of_o morocco_n competitor_n for_o this_o kingdom_n be_v slay_v in_o one_o day_n together_o with_o many_o other_o of_o eminent_a quality_n and_o stuckley_n that_o famous_a infamous_a english_a rebel_n in_o an._n 1578._o and_o seven_o fez_n the_o metropolis_n which_o for_o its_o greatness_n merit_v a_o more_o serious_a consideration_n chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o city_n fez_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o city_n of_o fez_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o city_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o fez_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n as_o writer_n record_v that_o be_v find_v in_o dig_v the_o foundation_n thereof_o it_o be_v beautify_v with_o many_o goodly_a building_n both_o public_a and_o private_a it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o river_n sabu_n into_o three_o part_n contain_v in_o all_o 82000_o household_n have_v 700_o mosch_n or_o temple_n 50_o of_o they_o be_v adorn_v with_o pillar_n of_o alabaster_n and_o jasper_n and_o one_o seat_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n call_v carucen_n be_v the_o most_o sumptuous_a contain_v a_o mile_n in_o compass_n in_o breadth_n cantain_v 17_o arch_n in_o length_n 120_o and_o bear_v up_o by_o two_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o white_a marble_n pillar_n under_o the_o chief_a arch_n where_o the_o tribunal_n be_v keep_v hang_v a_o most_o huge_a lamp_n of_o silver_n encompass_v with_o 110_o lesser_a under_o every_o the_o other_o arch_n hang_v also_o very_o great_a lamp_n in_o each_o of_o which_o burn_v 150_o light_n it_o have_v 31_o gate_n great_a and_o high_a the_o roof_n be_v 150_o yard_n long_o and_o 80_o yard_n broad_a and_o round_o about_o be_v divers_a porch_n contain_v 40_o yard_n in_o length_n and_o 30_o in_o breadth_n under_o which_o be_v the_o public_a storehouse_n of_o the_o town_n about_o the_o wall_n be_v pulpit_n of_o divers_a sort_n wherein_o the_o master_n of_o their_o law_n read_v to_o the_o people_n such_o thing_n as_o they_o imagine_v appertain_v to_o their_o salvation_n the_o revenue_n thereof_o in_o anno_fw-la 1526_o be_v 200_o ducat_n a_o day_n of_o old_a rent_n account_v 100_o l._n sterling_a until_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n it_o be_v a_o city_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o many_o merchant_n of_o divers_a nation_n resort_v hither_o and_o be_v allow_v a_o public_a meeting-place_n for_o their_o commerce_n and_o lodging_n for_o their_o residence_n be_v in_o form_n of_o a_o court_n or_o exchange_n enclose_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n with_o 12_o gate_n and_o limit_v with_o 15_o street_n for_o several_a nation_n to_o meet_v for_o their_o business_n and_o for_o the_o lay_n up_o of_o their_o commodity_n and_o every_o night_n for_o security_n of_o their_o good_n and_o person_n the_o same_o be_v keep_v guard_v at_o the_o city_n charge_n resemble_v the_o besisten_v or_o cane_n now_o in_o use_n in_o turkey_n and_o other_o southern_a country_n there_o be_v here_o also_o divers_a college_n where_o the_o science_n be_v teach_v among_o which_o madorac_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o account_v for_o one_o of_o the_o excellent_a piece_n for_o workmanship_n in_o all_o barbary_n it_o have_v three_o cloister_n of_o admirable_a beauty_n support_v with_o eight_o square_n pillar_n of_o divers_a colour_n the_o roof_n curious_o carve_v and_o the_o arch_n of_o mosaique_n of_o gold_n and_o azure_a the_o gate_n be_v of_o brass_n fair_a wrought_v and_o the_o door_n of_o the_o private_a chamber_n of_o in-laid_a work_n it_o be_v record_v that_o this_o college_n do_v cost_v the_o founder_n king_n abuchenen_n 480_o thousand_o sultany_n in_o gold_n which_o be_v in_o english_a money_n 192_o thousand_o pound_n which_o will_v hardly_o in_o these_o day_n be_v it_o now_o to_o be_v build_v perform_v the_o twenty_o part_n thereof_o and_o this_o be_v not_o above_o 150_o year_n past_a and_o about_o that_o time_n henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n do_v build_v that_o sumptuous_a chapel_n in_o westminster_n which_o as_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v do_v in_o those_o day_n coâ—_n 7448_o l._n and_o let_v it_o be_v judge_v by_o artist_n how_o much_o more_o will_v build_v the_o fellow_n of_o it_o in_o these_o our_o day_n they_o have_v also_o here_o for_o the_o commodity_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o citizen_n 600_o conduit_n from_o whence_o almost_o every_o house_n be_v serve_v with_o water_n beside_o what_o go_v to_o their_o religious_a use_n at_o the_o entry_n of_o their_o temple_n and_o mosch_n but_o i_o have_v stay_v too_o long_o in_o survey_v this_o city_n i_o will_v now_o see_v what_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n this_o kingdom_n afford_v fez_n commodity_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n the_o commodity_n find_v in_o general_a as_o well_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n as_o of_o morocco_n and_o find_v transportable_a for_o merchandise_n be_v fruit_n of_o all_o kind_n such_o as_o be_v principal_o of_o date_n almond_n fig_n raisin_n olive_n also_o honey_n wax_n gold_n and_o sundry_a sort_n of_o hide_n and_o skin_n especial_o that_o excellent_a sort_n of_o cordovant_n from_o this_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n call_v maroquins_n famous_v throughout_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n also_o corn_n horse_n wool_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v observe_v of_o late_a day_n to_o make_v some_o cloth_n here_o be_v find_v also_o for_o merchandise_n fabricate_v here_o some_o sort_n of_o stuff_n of_o silk_n as_o satin_n taffeta_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o linen_n much_o in_o use_n in_o this_o country_n make_v partly_o of_o cotton_n and_o partly_o of_o flax_n and_o divers_a other_o commodity_n morocco_n money_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n the_o money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o general_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n be_v the_o xeriff_n or_o ducat_n in_o gold_n derive_v the_o name_n thereof_o from_o the_o xeriff_n who_o within_o these_o few_o year_n make_v conquest_n of_o these_o kingdom_n under_o pretext_n and_o colour_n of_o the_o sanctity_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o be_v account_v to_o be_v about_o ten_o shilling_n sterling_a money_n divide_v into_o 8_o part_n and_o esteem_v â…›_n each_o part_n which_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o be_v about_o 14_o d._n in_o 15_o d._n sterling_a morocco_n account_n in_o fez_n and_o morocco_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o these_o place_n by_o ducat_n or_o old_a xeriff_n now_o almost_o out_o of_o use_n divide_v into_o 8_o part_n account_v in_o common_a value_n but_o 12_o d._n every_o â…›_n though_o worth_n more_o as_o above_o be_v declare_v fez_n weight_n in_o fez_n their_o weight_n here_o be_v two_o one_o use_v in_o all_o ordinary_a commodity_n which_o be_v the_o rorolo_n contain_v ounce_n or_o dram_n it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o observation_n that_o the_o 100_o l._n averdupois_n london_n have_v make_v here_o 64_o rotolos_n and_o 100_o rotolos_n be_v here_o a_o cantar_n the_o second_o weight_n be_v here_o the_o mitigal_a use_v in_o the_o weigh_v of_o silver_n gold_n pearl_n musk_n and_o the_o like_a agree_v with_o the_o mitigal_a use_v in_o argier_n and_o tunis_n speak_v of_o before_o fez_n measure_n in_o fez_n the_o common_a measure_n for_o length_n be_v here_o the_o covado_n 12_o whereof_o be_v account_v to_o a_o cane_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o barbary_n merchant_n hither_o trade_v that_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n make_v here_o about_o 181_o or_o 182_o covadoe_n morocco_n custom_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n the_o custom_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n be_v pay_v at_o the_o entrance_n thereinto_o as_o be_v likewise_o due_a at_o the_o entrance_n of_o any_o other_o the_o city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o be_v by_o the_o subject_n native_n upon_o all_o commodity_n pay_v two_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o by_o all_o stranger_n ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o collect_v for_o what_o be_v sell_v or_o land_v without_o leave_n for_o exportation_n again_o if_o once_o land_v which_o cause_v divers_a of_o our_o merchant_n bind_v for_o those_o part_n to_o make_v their_o ship_n their_o shop_n and_o consequent_o land_n so_o much_o of_o their_o commodity_n as_o they_o imagine_v their_o market_n will_v vend_fw-mi and_o no_o more_o but_o because_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n obey_v the_o same_o rule_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n i_o will_v speak_v a_o word_n of_o that_o place_n likewise_o and_o then_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o they_o both_o together_o as_o they_o be_v know_v now_o to_o we_o to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v but_o one_o though_o indeed_o different_a kingdom_n chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_z and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o morocco_z and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n once_o of_o great_a splendour_n be_v now_o divide_v into_o six_o province_n the_o first_o tangovista_n have_v a_o town_n also_o of_o that_o
of_o the_o yearly_a progress_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n from_o place_n to_o place_n in_o family_n and_o tribe_n the_o country_n abound_v in_o date_n the_o food_n here_o of_o man_n and_o beast_n lybia_n lybia_n lybia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n nilus_n on_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n numidia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o land_n of_o negro_n the_o country_n altogether_o sandy_a barren_a and_o a_o desert_n the_o inhabitant_n altogether_o heathenish_a and_o therefore_o not_o worthy_a the_o conversation_n of_o a_o civil_a merchant_n or_o the_o residence_n of_o any_o commerce_n chap._n xxv_o of_o negrita_n or_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o negrita_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o land_n of_o blackmoor_n have_v on_o the_o east_n aethiopia_n superior_n on_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n lybia_n on_o the_o south_n manicongo_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o ground_n be_v account_v twenty_o five_o kingdom_n or_o province_n through_o which_o run_v the_o famous_a river_n of_o niger_n or_o sanega_n in_o who_o overflow_n consist_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n even_o as_o in_o egypt_n it_o do_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o nilus_n for_o this_o as_o that_o increase_v for_o forty_o day_n and_o decrease_v for_o forty_o day_n more_o during_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n fail_v over_o the_o whole_a land_n in_o boat_n and_o barge_n tombutu_fw-la tombutu_fw-la this_o whole_a tract_n principal_o now_o acknowledge_v three_o sovereign_n which_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tombutu_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o borneo_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o goaga_n each_o kingdom_n give_v name_n to_o a_o city_n the_o principal_a residence_n of_o the_o king_n the_o city_n of_o tombutu_fw-la lie_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o sanega_n or_o niger_n wherein_o be_v find_v a_o trade_n drive_v by_o many_o french_a dutch_a and_o english_a merchant_n the_o manner_n thereof_o and_o the_o matter_n wherewith_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v particularize_v goago_n goago_n four_o hundred_o mile_n from_o tombutu_fw-la be_v the_o city_n of_o goaga_n wherein_o be_v find_v eminent_a merchant_n and_o precious_a and_o sumptuous_a merchandise_n of_o all_o sort_n borneo_n borneo_n borneo_n be_v the_o three_o the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v better_o verse_v in_o breed_v of_o cattle_n than_o in_o the_o art_n of_o commerce_n and_o better_o read_v in_o mars_n than_o mercury_n thereof_o commodity_n thereof_o the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n be_v corn_n sugar_n cattle_n horse_n rice_n fruit_n gold_n in_o sand_n which_o they_o term_v siga_n and_o we_o tibur_n and_o also_o in_o ingot_n without_o sovereign_a stamp_n or_o character_n and_o be_v distinguish_v by_o its_o fineness_n and_o goodness_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o way_n of_o exchange_n do_v barter_n with_o their_o neighbour_n and_o other_o foreign_a nation_n against_o clothes_n linen_n callico_n basin_n of_o copper_n ironwork_n sword-blade_n hand-gun_n glass_n bead_n and_o such_o like_a and_o principal_o against_o salt_n which_o of_o all_o other_o commodity_n this_o country_n be_v most_o defective_a in_o and_o in_o some_o place_n afford_v not_o and_o therefore_o pay_v for_o it_o at_o a_o excessive_a dear_a price_n to_o stranger_n coast_n the_o trade_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n and_o the_o golden_a coast_n the_o trade_n of_o all_o this_o tract_n such_o as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o these_o day_n know_v to_o our_o nation_n be_v comprise_v alongst_o the_o sea-coast_n which_o the_o portugal_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o former_a plantation_n here_o and_o rich_a commerce_n have_v entitle_v the_o golden_a coast_n and_o we_o in_o common_a appellation_n term_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o genin_n and_o benin_n two_o of_o the_o principal_a province_n maritime_a that_o be_v find_v include_v within_o the_o circuit_n of_o these_o three_o beforementioned_a kingdom_n which_o trade_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o little_a better_o understand_v i_o shall_v more_o particular_o survey_v according_a to_o some_o observation_n make_v by_o some_o hand_n thereon_o benin_n the_o portugal_n the_o first_o trader_n into_o guiney_n and_o benin_n in_o the_o beginning_n and_o discovery_n of_o this_o maritime_a coast_n for_o thereto_o i_o intend_v to_o apply_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n the_o portugal_n be_v the_o first_o that_o range_v this_o shore_n and_o have_v some_o small_a knowledge_n of_o their_o commodity_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n with_o they_o who_o partly_o by_o fair_a mean_n and_o partly_o by_o constraint_n get_v foot_v in_o this_o sea-coast_n build_v fort_n in_o some_o and_o place_v garrison_n and_o factory_n in_o other_o which_o then_o be_v find_v so_o golden_a and_o beneficial_a to_o that_o country_n that_o it_o be_v conceive_v this_o only_a thing_n as_o what_o will_v not_o gold_n attract_v draw_v they_o to_o search_v further_o the_o maritime_a coast_n of_o this_o tract_n all_o along_o to_o cape_n bona_fw-la esperansa_n and_o so_o consequent_o thereby_o unto_o the_o east-indies_n fair_o quarter_n and_o courteous_a usage_n be_v then_o perceive_v in_o these_o fort_n and_o town_n thus_o subject_v to_o the_o portugal_n draw_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o countryman_n to_o a_o fair_a and_o ordinary_a commutation_n and_o exchange_v of_o commodity_n with_o they_o which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v maintain_v by_o factor_n appoint_v for_o the_o king_n be_v particular_a account_n in_o every_o port_n and_o town_n as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o make_v the_o profit_n of_o merchandize_v to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o his_o conquest_n and_o garrison_n furnish_v they_o with_o salt_n iron_n tin_n copper_n basin_n knife_n cloth_n linen_n and_o other_o european_a commodity_n receive_v in_o exchange_n partly_o the_o commodity_n proper_a for_o their_o nourishment_n such_o as_o be_v cattle_n corn_n rice_n and_o the_o like_a and_o principal_o commodity_n beneficial_a as_o gold_n itself_o in_o great_a abundance_n both_o in_o sand_n and_o ingot_n melt_v which_o give_v a_o quicken_a and_o life_n to_o the_o further_a discovery_n of_o those_o country_n and_o continuance_n of_o the_o trade_n which_o be_v find_v there_o maintain_v to_o this_o day_n though_o in_o a_o far_o lesser_a manner_n other_o who_o show_v the_o way_n to_o english_a and_o other_o the_o english_a and_o other_o nation_n afterward_o desirous_a to_o share_v in_o this_o rich_a trade_n fail_v within_o a_o short_a time_n likewise_o hither_o and_o because_o they_o have_v not_o such_o place_n and_o fort_n for_o their_o beware_a house_n and_o the_o protection_n of_o their_o person_n and_o good_n therefore_o will_v not_o or_o else_o may_v not_o with_o safety_n land_n their_o commodity_n without_o danger_n of_o the_o falsehood_n of_o the_o portugal_n or_o treachery_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n therefore_o at_o first_o fail_v hither_o be_v compel_v to_o anchor_n alongst_o the_o coast_n near_o to_o the_o best_a town_n and_o of_o great_a concourse_n and_o signify_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o commodity_n they_o have_v bring_v to_o utter_v draw_v at_o length_n by_o their_o fair_a demeanour_n and_o courteous_a usage_n the_o moor_n to_o come_v aboard_o their_o ship_n and_o bring_v their_o gold_n with_o they_o the_o manner_n of_o which_o trade_n as_o be_v different_a from_o any_o other_o country_n i_o shall_v brief_o set_v down_o benin_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o usual_a trade_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n in_o the_o morning_n betimes_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n than_o the_o wind_n off_o the_o shore_n and_o calm_a weather_n the_o moor_n come_v aboard_o in_o their_o canoe_n and_o scut_n to_o traffic_n some_o for_o themselves_o and_o some_o which_o they_o call_v tolkens_n or_o factor_n for_o other_o who_o carry_v at_o their_o girdle_n a_o purse_n wherein_o small_a clout_n or_o paper_n contain_v sometime_o 10_o several_a man_n gold_n be_v wrap_v and_o lay_v up_o which_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o weight_n and_o goodness_n they_o notwithstanding_o ready_o distinguish_v and_o have_v make_v their_o barter_v for_o cloth_n linen_n or_o the_o like_a at_o noon_n return_v with_o the_o sea-turn_a or_o as_o they_o call_v it_o the_o brise_n again_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o beside_o their_o bargain_n covenant_v these_o factor_n have_v some_o small_a thing_n for_o themselves_o as_o the_o reward_n of_o their_o pain_n by_o way_n of_o brokage_n or_o factorage_n which_o they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o dachio_n benin_n the_o undermine_a trick_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o netherlander_n frequent_v this_o coast_n and_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o english_a traffic_n and_o come_v into_o the_o same_o part_n where_o the_o english_a trade_v and_o be_v know_v be_v the_o first_o that_o spoil_v this_o golden_a trade_n partly_o by_o their_o sinister_a deal_n and_o partly_o by_o their_o undermine_a and_o
special_a factor_n resident_a in_o mosambique_n trade_v for_o his_o account_n keep_v correspondence_n with_o other_o his_o factor_n and_o send_v merchandise_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n the_o first_o navigator_n into_o these_o part_n so_o far_o honour_v merchandize_v that_o they_o hold_v it_o no_o disparagement_n to_o raise_v thus_o some_o estate_n the_o better_a to_o perform_v and_o accomplish_v these_o long_a and_o chargeable_a navigation_n and_o hence_o it_o grow_v that_o they_o bring_v these_o indian_a commodity_n into_o europe_n for_o their_o own_o account_n do_v by_o commissioner_n contract_n with_o private_a merchant_n for_o the_o same_o in_o lisbon_n and_o other_o place_n contract_n regal_a contract_n which_o hence_o from_o this_o authority_n be_v term_v regal_a contract_n the_o other_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o gold_n in_o sand_n and_o ingot_n be_v ambergreese_v ebony-wood_n ivory_n elephants-teeth_n and_o many_o slave_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n which_o hence_o be_v carry_v principal_o to_o india_n as_o be_v repute_v the_o strong_a moor_n in_o all_o the_o east_n country_n and_o be_v put_v throughout_o india_n to_o the_o hard_a labour_n and_o loathsome_a drudgery_n coast_n coin_n measure_n and_o weight_n in_o mosambique_n and_o the_o coast_n in_o order_n here_o according_a to_o my_o intend_a method_n for_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n and_o country_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o the_o coin_n current_n here_o and_o their_o valuation_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n and_o their_o weight_n use_v in_o merchandize_v but_o because_o that_o by_o the_o collection_n i_o have_v make_v and_o the_o observation_n that_o i_o have_v note_v the_o portugal_n at_o their_o first_o conquest_n here_o bring_v with_o they_o their_o own_o species_n and_o coin_n as_o also_o their_o own_o weight_n and_o measure_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o their_o regality_n and_o sovereignty_n and_o that_o the_o particular_n thereof_o shall_v be_v more_o at_o large_a show_v in_o its_o due_a place_n when_o i_o come_v to_o handle_v the_o trade_n of_o lisbon_n from_o whence_o the_o same_o have_v its_o original_n i_o shall_v to_o avoid_v needless_a repetition_n desire_v the_o reader_n to_o be_v reser_v thereunto_o and_o so_o leave_v this_o large_a coast_n with_o this_o slender_a survey_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o what_o do_v rest_n behind_o of_o africa_n which_o be_v better_o know_v unto_o we_o and_o wherewith_o our_o nation_n be_v more_o familiar_o acquaint_v chap._n xxix_o of_o egypt_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o egypt_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o egypt_n on_o the_o east_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o red-sea_n on_o the_o west_n with_o cyrene_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o habasia_n nilus_n nilus_n this_o country_n be_v water_v by_o the_o fruitful_a river_n nilus_n which_o for_o the_o more_o benefit_n of_o the_o spread_a plain_n divide_v itself_o into_o seven_o channel_n and_o begin_v about_o the_o fifteen_o of_o june_n to_o rise_v and_o swell_v above_o his_o bank_n and_o for_o forty_o day_n do_v so_o continue_v and_o within_o forty_o day_n again_o collect_v itself_o into_o its_o own_o limit_n all_o the_o town_n here_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o hill_n which_o during_o this_o flood_n appear_v to_o stranger_n like_o island_n intercourse_n and_o commerce_n be_v all_o this_o time_n preserve_v by_o boat_n skiff_n and_o lighter_n instead_o of_o camel_n and_o horse_n this_o river_n be_v in_o length_n 3000_o mile_n and_o when_o it_o be_v find_v not_o to_o swell_v it_o portend_v some_o fatal_a accident_n either_o to_o country_n or_o srvereign_n alexandria_n alexandria_n in_o this_o country_n be_v find_v these_o famous_a town_n for_o traffic_n alexandria_n build_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o most_o eminent_a sea_n port_n of_o all_o egypt_n and_o whither_o before_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o indies_n be_v the_o scale_n of_o those_o commodity_n which_o since_o we_o find_v to_o come_v thence_o and_o then_o most_o frequent_v by_o the_o venetian_n who_o have_v almost_o the_o sole_a trade_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o india_n and_o egypt_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o from_o they_o disperse_v and_o transport_v through_o europe_n and_o who_o to_o this_o day_n yet_o keep_v a_o consul_n there_o for_o the_o protection_n of_o their_o merchant_n damiata_n damiata_n the_o next_o be_v damiata_n seat_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o one_o of_o the_o channel_n of_o nilus_n the_o command_n whereof_o cost_v much_o blood_n in_o the_o day_n of_o those_o war_n in_o the_o holy-land_n by_o the_o western_a christian_n suesa_n suesa_n the_o next_o be_v sue_v a_o haven_n of_o consequence_n stand_v at_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o red-sea_n wherein_o the_o great_a turk_n keep_v a_o station_n for_o his_o galley_n common_o build_v in_o cairo_n and_o afterward_o carry_v thither_o by_o camel_n to_o command_v his_o dominion_n in_o those_o part_n rossetta_n rossetta_n the_o next_o be_v rosseta_n seat_v on_o the_o principal_a channel_n of_o nilus_n and_o in_o a_o triangle_n from_o the_o two_o abovenamed_a city_n of_o alexandria_n and_o cairo_n serve_v for_o a_o scale_n for_o both_o cairo_n cairo_n the_o last_o and_o most_o principal_a be_v cairo_n the_o chief_a of_o this_o country_n contain_v 18000._o street_n and_o each_o street_n be_v every_o night_n lock_v up_o and_o bar_v which_o make_v the_o city_n impregnable_a of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o alexandria_n the_o trade_n of_o egypt_n in_o time_n past_o settle_a in_o alexandria_n i_o find_v some_o author_n to_o have_v leave_v for_o a_o remembrance_n behind_o they_o a_o touch_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n in_o time_n past_o practise_v by_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o red-sea_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o this_o country_n and_o because_o that_o galuano_n relate_v the_o beginning_n continuance_n and_o period_n of_o this_o trade_n i_o will_v brief_o follow_v his_o word_n pâ—ol_n philadelphus_n then_o 277_o year_n before_o the_o incarnation_n be_v the_o first_o that_o give_v beginning_n and_o set_v afoot_o this_o navigation_n bring_v the_o spice_n drug_n and_o commodity_n of_o arabia_n and_o india_n through_o the_o red-sea_n into_o egypt_n to_o the_o port_n of_o alexandria_n where_o the_o venetian_n as_o then_o the_o only_a famous_a merchant_n of_o christendom_n bring_v up_o the_o same_o and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o this_o way_n disperse_v it_o through_o europe_n africa_n and_o asia_n red-sea_n casir_n in_o the_o red-sea_n casir_n be_v then_o the_o principal_a haven_n town_n in_o the_o red-sea_n whence_o their_o voyage_n to_o india_n be_v set_v forth_o and_o begin_v and_o where_o the_o same_o afterward_o be_v end_v coptus_fw-la coptus_fw-la and_o from_o thence_o by_o land_n these_o commodity_n be_v convey_v to_o coptus_n a_o town_n now_o altogether_o inhabit_v by_o jacobite_n christian_n and_o so_o thence_o down_o the_o river_n nile_n to_o alexandria_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n by_o which_o traffic_n this_o city_n become_v so_o rich_a and_o eminent_a that_o the_o custom-house_n there_o yield_v to_o ptol._n aalates_n 7½_n million_o of_o gold_n and_o afterward_o when_o the_o roman_n come_v to_o be_v lord_n of_o egypt_n they_o find_v it_o to_o yield_v they_o fifteen_o million_o these_o last_o augment_v this_o trade_n and_o send_v into_o india_n every_o year_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o pliny_n a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o sail_n of_o ship_n who_o lade_n be_v outward_a bind_v worth_n 120000_o crown_n and_o it_o produce_v in_o profit_n at_o the_o return_n homeward_o for_o every_o crown_n a_o hundred_o but_o when_o the_o vandal_n lombard_n goth_n and_o moor_n have_v rend_v asunder_o the_o roman_a empire_n all_o commerce_n in_o these_o part_n between_o these_o nation_n begin_v to_o cease_v but_o when_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o discommodity_n thereof_o be_v sensible_o discern_v and_o perceive_v it_o be_v begin_v again_o and_o set_v afoot_a anew_o by_o other_o prince_n that_o covet_v this_o rich_a trade_n sea_n and_o remove_v to_o caffa_n in_o the_o euxine_a sea_n convey_v the_o indian_a commodity_n afterward_o with_o great_a difficulty_n partly_o by_o land_n and_o partly_o by_o water_n to_o capha_n in_o the_o black-sea_n as_o then_o belong_v to_o the_o genoese_a but_o this_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_a way_n and_o dangerous_a passage_n be_v find_v too_o tedious_a and_o prejudicial_a etc._n then_o to_o trabesond_n sarmachand_n etc._n etc._n trade_n which_o be_v ever_o find_v to_o have_v a_o secret_a genius_n and_o hide_a course_n of_o itself_o be_v remove_v for_o these_o and_o other_o cause_n to_o trabesond_n which_o be_v then_o conceive_v the_o fit_a mart-town_n than_o sarmachand_n in_o zagethai_n have_v it_o where_o the_o indian_a persian_a and_o turkish_a merchant_n meet_v to_o barter_n their_o commodity_n the_o turk_n thence_o convey_v the_o same_o
to_o damascus_n baruti_fw-la and_o aleppo_n from_o which_o last_o place_n the_o venetian_n again_o transport_v these_o commodity_n to_o venice_n make_v that_o city_n thereby_o the_o common_a emporium_n of_o christendom_n and_o last_o in_o anno_fw-la 1300_o the_o soltans_n of_o egypt_n restore_v the_o passage_n by_o the_o red-sea_n and_o the_o venetian_n resettled_a their_o factor_n in_o alexandria_n which_o continue_v for_o two_o hundred_o year_n until_o the_o portugal_n spaniard_n english_a and_o last_o the_o dutch_a find_v a_o new_a way_n by_o the_o backside_n of_o africa_n to_o convey_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o home_n whereby_o the_o great_a trade_n which_o the_o egyptian_n and_o principal_o the_o venetian_n have_v to_o themselves_o for_o many_o year_n come_v thus_o to_o nothing_o and_o the_o traffic_n of_o alexandria_n and_o red-sea_n thereby_o be_v now_o decay_a and_o become_v altogether_o unfrequented_a as_o at_o this_o day_n we_o find_v it_o subsist_v only_o by_o the_o native_a commodity_n thereof_o in_o which_o nature_n it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v now_o survey_v the_o same_o chap._n xxx_o of_o alexandria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o alexandria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o alexandria_n be_v say_v to_o be_v build_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o turk_n the_o lord_n thereof_o scanderia_n and_o which_o in_o the_o nicene_n council_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o patriarchal_a city_n it_o be_v yet_o the_o fair_a and_o best_a maritime_a port_n of_o this_o whole_a country_n and_o have_v yet_o some_o relic_n of_o that_o trade_n it_o erst_o enjoy_v as_o i_o have_v note_v before_o and_o because_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a of_o this_o region_n for_o merchandize_v i_o hold_v it_o proper_a to_o comprehend_v under_o this_o chapter_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n universal_o of_o egypt_n and_o the_o neighbour_a city_n egypt_n commodity_n of_o egypt_n the_o commodity_n of_o egypt_n beside_o what_o come_v hither_o out_o of_o arabia_n persia_n and_o india_n be_v rice_n corn_n flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n balsam_n date_n some_o drug_n and_o some_o few_o spice_n and_o in_o especial_a it_o yield_v abundance_n of_o palm-tree_n palmtree_n the_o excellency_n of_o the_o palmtree_n which_o be_v of_o very_o strange_a property_n for_o they_o be_v find_v to_o grow_v in_o couple_n male_a and_o female_a both_o thrust_v forth_o cod_n full_a of_o seed_n but_o the_o female_a be_v only_o fruitful_a and_o that_o not_o except_o grow_v by_o the_o male_a and_o have_v his_o seed_n mix_v with_o she_o the_o pith_n of_o these_o tree_n be_v excellent_a meat_n of_o the_o branch_n they_o make_v necessary_a use_n in_o their_o house_n of_o the_o leaf_n baskets_z mat_n and_o fan_n of_o the_o outward_a husk_n of_o the_o cod_n cordage_n of_o the_o inward_a brush_n the_o fruit_n be_v like_o a_o fig_n serve_v the_o inhabitant_n sometime_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n as_o bread_n and_o green_a as_o meat_n and_o final_o it_o be_v say_v to_o yield_v whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o life_n of_o man._n alexandria_n wright_n of_o alexandria_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n in_o cairo_n alexandria_n and_o general_o throughout_o all_o egypt_n for_o trade_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o four_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v the_o weight_n call_v the_o quintar_n of_o zera_n the_o second_o the_o quintar_n forfor_o the_o three_o the_o quintar_n zaidin_n and_o the_o four_o the_o quintar_n mina_n which_o because_o of_o their_o former_a great_a trade_n with_o venice_n i_o will_v first_o compare_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o city_n and_o then_o apply_v the_o same_o to_o the_o weight_n of_o our_o own_o country_n zera_n 1_o zera_n one_o quintar_n of_o zera_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v of_o venetia_n gross_a 200_o l._n and_o subtle_a 312_o l._n and_o in_o london_n 212_o l._n averdupois_n forfori_n 2_o forfori_n one_o quintar_n of_o forfori_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o venice_n 140_o l._n subtle_a and_o gross_a 87_o l._n and_o in_o london_n 93_o l._n averdopois_n zaidin_n 3_o zaidin_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n have_v make_v by_o observation_n in_o venetia_n 127_o l._n gross_a and_o 200_o l._n subtle_a and_o in_o london_n 134_o l._n averdupois_n mina_n 4_o mina_n one_o quintar_n mina_n proper_a only_o to_o alexandria_n have_v make_v in_o venetia_n 250_o l._n subtle_a 155_o l._n gross_a and_o in_o london_n 167_o l._n averdupois_n whereas_o note_n that_o the_o first_o three_o quintar_n be_v account_v by_o rotolos_n but_o the_o quintar_n of_o mina_n contain_v in_o alexandria_n 20_o ounce_n to_o the_o mina_n and_o in_o cairo_n 16_o ounce_n to_o the_o mina_n and_o also_o observe_v that_o amber_n musk_n and_o some_o other_o fine_a commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o metalico_fw-la or_o dram_n and_o also_o by_o the_o peso_fw-mi whereof_o 1½_n be_v a_o metalico_fw-la 50_o metalicoe_n be_v here_o a_o mark_n in_o gold_n or_o silver_n weight_n and_o 42_o metalicoe_n our_o english_a mark_n weight_n of_o 8_o ounce_n troy_n again_o note_n that_o one_o rotolo_n zerai_n make_v venetia_n subtle_a 3_o l._n 1½_n ounce_n one_o rotolo_n forfori_n make_v venetia_n 1_o l._n 5_o ounce_n one_o rotolo_n zaidin_n make_v venetia_n subtle_a 2_o l_o gross_a 1_o l._n 3_o â—_o 4_o ounce_n one_o mina_n make_v in_o venetia_n subtle_a 2_o â—_o 4_o l._n and_o gross_a 1â…”_n l._n now_o let_v we_o observe_v how_o these_o weight_n be_v find_v to_o accord_v one_o with_o another_o and_o so_o with_o venetia_n one_o quintar_n zerai_n which_o be_v the_o general_a quintar_n of_o egypt_n make_v 2_o quintar_n and_o 16_o rotolos_n of_o forfori_n in_o alexandria_n again_o one_o quintar_n zerai_n make_v one_o quintar_n and_o 56_o rotolos_n of_o zaidin_n and_o make_v 120_o minas_n of_o alexandria_n one_o rotolo_n zera_n make_v 2_o rotolo_n 1_o ounce_n and_o 4â—_n 5â—_n forfori_n again_o one_o rotolo_n zeri_n make_v one_o rot._n 6_o 9_o 25_o ounce_n of_o zaidin_n one_o quintar_n forfori_n make_v 46_o rot._n 3½_n ounce_n zerai_fw-la and_o one_o quintar_n forfori_n make_v 20_o rot._n 11_o 23_o 27_o ounce_n zaidin_n one_o quintar_n forfori_n make_v 55½_n minas_n and_o one_o rotolo_n forfori_n make_v 111_o ounce_n zerai_n and_o 6½_n ounce_n zaidin_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n make_v 64_o rot._n 2_o ounce_n of_o zerai_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n make_v one_o quintar_n 28_o rot._n 5½_n ounce_n forfori_n one_o quintar_n zaidin_n make_v 76_o minas_n 11_o ounce_n one_o rotolo_n zaidin_n make_v 7_o 7_o 10_o ounce_n zera_n and_o again_o one_o rot._n zaidin_n make_v one_o rot._n 4_o â…—_n ounce_n forfori_n and_o one_o rotolo_n zaidin_n make_v one_o and_o 3_o quarter_n ounce_n minas_n one_o quintar_n minas_n make_v one_o quintar_n 2_o rotolos_n forfori_n and_o one_o quintar_n minas_n make_v one_o quintar_n 30_o rotolos_n zaidin_n and_o one_o mina_n make_v ten_o ounce_n zera_n and_o again_o one_o mina_n make_v one_o rot._n 9_o ¼_n ounce_n forfori_n and_o last_o one_o mina_n make_v one_o rot._n three_o ounce_n zaidin_n the_o variety_n of_o these_o weight_n will_v excuse_v this_o tedious_a repetition_n which_o i_o be_v enforce_v to_o perform_v for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o same_o and_o for_o the_o shorten_n of_o my_o present_a survey_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o egypt_n averdupois_n weight_n of_o egypt_n and_o sundry_a city_n in_o barbary_n to_o the_o 100_o l._n averdupois_n i_o will_v here_o reduce_v not_o only_o the_o weight_n abovenamed_a but_o also_o the_o weight_n of_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n upon_o this_o coast_n to_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a averdupois_n of_o london_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v by_o zera_n quintar_n 48_o rot._n in_o cairo_n and_o all_o egypt_n forfoai_fw-fr quintar_n 108_o zaidin_n quintar_n 75_o minas_n quintar_n 54_o tripoli_n suria_fw-la 25_o ½_n rot._n whereof_o 100_o make_v a_o quintar_n achria_n 17_o rot._n the_o 100_o make_v a_o quintar_n tamperan_n aleppo_n common_a 21_o ¾_n rot._n the_o 100_o whereof_o be_v a_o quintar_n tripoli_n barbary_n 62_o rot._n the_o 100_o whereof_o be_v a_o quintar_n oran_n common_a with_o 91_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 5_o rove_n of_o 20_o rot._n oran_n for_o spice_n 133_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 4._o rove_v oran_n for_o corn_n 48_o rot._n each_o quintar_n 6_o rotolos_n oran_n for_o cotton_n 59_o rot._n each_o quintar_n 15_o rot._n una_fw-la in_o barbary_n 63_o rot._n for_o cotton_n wool_n una_fw-la 72_o rot._n for_o spice_n una_fw-la 90_o rot._n for_o corn._n fras_n 153_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 100_o â„ž_o baruti_fw-la 20¾_n rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 100_o rot._n argier_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr thunes_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr cathaia_n 84_o rot._n the_o quintar_n be_v 100_o rot._n cyprus_n 19½_n rot._n famagosto_n 4_o per_fw-mi cent_n more_o suus_fw-la in_o barbary_n 90_o rot._n 100_o rot._n to_o a_o quintar_n when_o i_o
come_v to_o handle_v those_o particular_a place_n i_o shall_v do_v the_o same_o more_o exact_a for_o the_o better_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o reader_n egypt_n measure_n in_o egypt_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n in_o cairo_n alexandria_n and_o in_o general_a through_o egypt_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o the_o pico_n barbaresco_n or_o proper_a measure_n of_o the_o country_n serve_v for_o cloth_n linen_n and_o other_o commodity_n be_v 25⅞_n inch_n english_a the_o other_o the_o pico_n turchesco_n serve_v for_o silk_n cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o fine_a stuff_n which_o be_v 22¼_n inch_n english_a and_o with_o venetia_n they_o be_v find_v to_o render_v viz._n 100_o brace_n of_o silk_n in_o venetia_n make_v here_o barbaresco_n pico_n 116._o 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venetia_n make_v here_o barbaresco_n 124½_n but_o i_o have_v find_v some_o observation_n that_o have_v note_v that_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n have_v make_v here_o and_o in_o these_o other_o city_n in_o barbary_n thus_o in_o 100_o yard_n in_o london_n have_v make_v in_o alexandria_n 165_o pic_n baruti_fw-la 148_o pic_n tripoli_n barbariae_fw-la 165_o pic_n damascus_n 148_o pic_n bugia_n 210_o pic_n tripolia_fw-la suria_fw-la 149_o pic_n rama_fw-mi 151_o pic_n tangier_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr bursa_n in_o anatolia_n 150_o pic_n amano_n 133_o pic_n sidon_n 151_o pic_n gira_n 165_o pic_n salonica_n 145_o pic_n achria_n 151_o pic_n aleppo_n 133_o pic_n argier_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr thunes_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr oran_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr bona_fw-la  _fw-fr  _fw-fr morocco_n 181_o cov_n una_fw-la  _fw-fr  _fw-fr and_o forasmuch_o as_o cairo_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o egypt_n it_o will_v be_v proper_a i_o shall_v travel_v thither_o and_o survey_v a_o little_a the_o present_a trade_n and_o estate_n thereof_o before_o i_o leave_v this_o commerce_n chap._n xxxi_o of_o cairo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o cairo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o i_o willing_o omit_v the_o present_a trade_n of_o rosetto_n damietta_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n comprehend_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o egypt_n and_o also_o here_o pass_v over_o to_o a_o fit_a place_n the_o present_a trade_n of_o sue_v in_o the_o red-sea_n till_o i_o come_v to_o survey_v that_o gulf_n and_o the_o neighbour_a town_n of_o zebit_fw-la mecca_n aden_n and_o other_o and_o now_o content_v myself_o to_o consider_v the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o place_n and_o condition_n of_o traffic_n of_o cairo_n as_o it_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n under_o the_o sceptre_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n misraim_n misraim_n cairo_n be_v then_o common_o repute_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o famous_a city_n of_o the_o world_n call_v by_o the_o arabian_n el_fw-es cahair_n seat_v in_o a_o beautiful_a plain_n near_o the_o mountain_n mucatun_n and_o about_o two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o famous_a river_n of_o nilus_n environ_v with_o stately_a wall_n and_o fortify_v with_o iron_n gate_n have_v therein_o many_o fair_a large_a and_o long_a street_n where_o be_v see_v place_v by_o themselves_o each_o trade_n and_o occupation_n and_o some_o street_n whole_o beautify_v with_o college_n for_o the_o studious_a palace_n for_o the_o honourable_a temple_n for_o the_o religious_a and_o caens_n or_o burse_v for_o the_o merchant_n and_o negotiator_n the_o principal_a of_o which_o be_v call_v caen_n haleli_fw-la former_o the_o residence_n only_o of_o persia_n merchant_n now_o admit_v of_o other_o nation_n build_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o king_n palace_n have_v three_o story_n one_o above_o another_o the_o low_a only_o contain_v warehouse_n for_o the_o keep_n of_o heavy_a and_o bulky_a commodity_n the_o middlemost_a for_o spice_n perfume_n and_o rich_a merchandise_n and_o the_o uppermost_a for_o lodging_n for_o those_o merchant_n that_o have_v their_o warehouse_n therein_o near_o which_o and_o round_o about_o the_o same_o the_o rich_a shopkeeper_n be_v find_v to_o have_v their_o dwell_n and_o where_o in_o time_n past_o the_o principal_a merchant_n of_o christendom_n have_v a_o place_n of_o residence_n appoint_v for_o their_o factor_n and_o agent_n this_o city_n be_v surround_v with_o sundry_a large_a and_o spacious_a suburb_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o sundry_a artisan_n and_o artist_n the_o principal_a suburb_n be_v call_v bullach_n distant_a two_o mile_n from_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n and_o stretch_v itself_o along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o nile_n beautisy_v with_o many_o fair_a building_n and_o be_v now_o the_o common_a residence_n of_o the_o principal_a merchant_n of_o this_o city_n and_o here_o be_v all_o such_o commodity_n land_v as_o either_o come_v out_o of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n by_o any_o the_o channel_n of_o nilus_n up_o this_o river_n or_o out_o of_o arabia_n or_o other_o country_n down_o this_o stream_n here_o lie_v all_o the_o vessel_n moor_v either_o to_o lade_v or_o unlade_v and_o here_o do_v the_o officer_n reside_v which_o receive_v the_o custom_n of_o all_o good_n come_v by_o water_n from_o either_o damietta_n rosetra_n or_o alexandria_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v but_o small_a the_o principal_a custom_n and_o duty_n be_v pay_v by_o these_o merchant_n and_o collect_v by_o the_o agent_n of_o the_o customer_n at_o these_o maritime_a port_n abovesaid_a but_o those_o commodity_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o firm_a land_n do_v here_o pay_v the_o say_v entire_a custom_n as_o shall_v be_v mention_v hereafter_o cairo_n merchant_n of_o six_o sort_n in_o cairo_n this_o city_n be_v inhabit_v by_o six_o sort_n of_o merchant_n each_o of_o they_o trade_v by_o so_o many_o distinct_a way_n the_o native_a egyptian_a i_o reckon_v the_o first_o ever_o account_v expert_a merchant_n but_o never_o adventhr_v out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n who_o buy_v from_o other_o foreign_a nation_n their_o commodity_n in_o gross_a and_o supply_v the_o necessity_n of_o their_o own_o country_n by_o retail_n the_o arabian_a or_o moor_n be_v the_o next_o here_o esteem_v the_o great_a and_o most_o eminent_a merchant_n for_o these_o be_v they_o who_o be_v find_v to_o furnish_v all_o egypt_n with_o the_o spice_n and_o gem_n of_o india_n and_o the_o drug_n of_o arabia_n import_v the_o same_o by_o camel_n and_o dromedary_n from_o goa_n ormus_n aden_n zebit_fw-la dangula_fw-la mecca_n and_o other_o place_n from_o and_o about_o the_o red-sea_n and_o in_o return_n thereof_o export_v hence_o the_o drug_n of_o egypt_n and_o such_o other_o commodity_n as_o be_v bring_v hither_o by_o those_o nation_n neighbour_a principal_o upon_o and_o about_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n the_o principal_a commodity_n account_v and_o fit_a for_o they_o be_v the_o excellent_a gold_n of_o this_o country_n call_v the_o soltany_n and_o sheraffie_a which_o egypt_n in_o great_a plenty_n afford_v the_o three_o sort_n of_o merchant_n i_o account_v the_o christian_n of_o europe_n as_o principal_o the_o french_a and_o venetian_n who_o have_v here_o their_o consul_n and_o vice-consul_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o protection_n of_o their_o nation_n by_o certain_a capitulation_n agree_v upon_o between_o their_o sovereign_n and_o the_o grand_a signior_n in_o constantinople_n pay_v such_o duty_n and_o custom_n here_o as_o their_o say_a capitulation_n do_v nominate_v and_o these_o thus_o furnish_v egypt_n with_o levantine_n commodity_n and_o general_o with_o all_o the_o fabric_n and_o ware_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o europe_n and_o these_o carry_v hence_o in_o return_n these_o commodity_n bring_v hither_o both_o out_o of_o arabia_n and_o india_n and_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n the_o turk_n i_o account_v the_o next_o who_o emperor_n sway_v the_o sceptre_n of_o this_o rich_a country_n and_o who_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o easy_a custom_n reap_v a_o peculiar_a benefit_n by_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n but_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o they_o reside_v far_o hence_o and_o in_o constantinople_n and_o their_o adventure_n prove_v dangerous_a and_o hazardable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o malta_n and_o florentine_a galley_n join_v thereto_o the_o dull_a temper_n of_o that_o nation_n general_o in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n and_o the_o ill_a success_n their_o grand_a galleon_n have_v of_o late_a year_n have_v do_v much_o divert_v their_o mind_n from_o any_o eager_a pursuit_n of_o that_o so_o rich_a a_o traffic_n the_o jew_n here_o resident_a i_o account_v the_o five_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o general_a knowledge_n in_o trade_n and_o their_o general_a correspondence_n in_o all_o these_o country_n beforementioned_a partake_v of_o all_o the_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n practise_v by_o these_o several_a person_n for_o from_o venice_n constantinople_n ormus_n goa_n and_o other_o eminent_a place_n of_o traffic_n they_o be_v find_v to_o adventure_n and_o to_o have_v adventure_n they_o travel_v and_o return_v with_o the_o arabian_a into_o india_n and_o arabia_n they_o traffic_v here_o
the_o observation_n of_o some_o english_a they_o find_v only_o 2_o picoe_n one_o for_o cloth_n and_o the_o other_o for_o grogram_n and_o do_v agree_v with_o those_o of_o constantinople_n bursia_n custom_n of_o bursia_n there_o be_v no_o custom_n due_a upon_o good_n in_o bursia_n it_o be_v account_v a_o inland_a town_n but_o if_o send_v thence_o to_o smyrna_n or_o to_o constantinople_n and_o export_v out_o of_o the_o grand_a signior_n dominion_n it_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o custom_n according_a to_o the_o capitulation_n or_o privilege_n grant_v to_o that_o nation_n that_o transport_v the_o same_o but_o if_o those_o commodity_n buy_v in_o bursia_n be_v carry_v to_o smyrna_n or_o constantinople_n and_o there_o sell_v it_o pay_v no_o custom_n but_o a_o small_a duty_n for_o register_n and_o quit_v at_o the_o custom-house_n of_o both_o the_o say_a place_n as_o have_v be_v practise_v by_o divers_a merchant_n in_o this_o town_n of_o late_a year_n some_o english_a have_v reside_v and_o do_v find_v a_o fair_a and_o friendly_a quarter_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o they_o be_v account_v as_o subfactor_n to_o those_o resident_a in_o constantinople_n and_o smyrna_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o say_v further_o of_o this_o place_n chap._n xlix_o of_o pontus_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o pontus_n pontus_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o bithynia_n be_v pontus_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o ruin_n of_o tomos_n to_o which_o ovid_n be_v banish_v and_o pithius_fw-la where_o chrysostom_n live_v in_o exile_n here_o also_o rule_v mithridates_n who_o for_o 40_o year_n withstand_v the_o roman_n not_o more_o excellent_a in_o war_n than_o learning_n and_o memory_n who_o speak_v 22_o language_n and_o invent_v that_o counterpoison_v for_o he_o name_v mithridate_n and_o who_o at_o last_o by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o his_o son_n and_o the_o valour_n of_o l._n sylla_n pillar_n pompey_n pillar_n lucullus_n and_o pompey_n be_v vanquish_v the_o last_o of_o which_o erect_v a_o pillar_n upon_o a_o small_a island_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o black_a or_o euxine_a sea_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v know_v by_o his_o name_n and_o show_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o stranger_n as_o a_o trophy_n of_o his_o victory_n in_o these_o part_n chap._n l._n of_o paphlagonia_n and_o galatia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o galatia_n paphlagonia_n and_o galatia_n in_o paphlagonia_n i_o find_v not_o any_o city_n notable_a for_o trade_n or_o other_o thing_n noteworthy_a and_o as_o for_o galatia_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o to_o the_o people_n of_o this_o province_n do_v st._n paul_n dedicate_v one_o of_o his_o epistle_n angora_n angora_n and_o here_o be_v also_o seat_v the_o city_n of_o ancira_n now_o common_o angora_n famous_a for_o the_o infinite_a store_n of_o grogram_n mohair_n and_o chamlet_n that_o be_v make_v here_o and_o sabricate_v and_o from_o hence_o transport_v to_o constantinople_n be_v 16_o day_n journey_n distant_a and_o to_o aleppo_n have_v a_o like_a remoteness_n and_o from_o thence_o again_o export_v into_o all_o the_o country_n of_o europe_n in_o this_o place_n the_o venetian_n have_v a_o factory_a to_o provide_v they_o the_o say_v commodity_n and_o the_o english_a in_o imitation_n thereof_o about_o 1624._o do_v first_o send_v thither_o two_o factor_n from_o constantinople_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o these_o commodity_n at_o the_o first_o hand_n trade_n grogram_n trade_n but_o some_o of_o the_o yarn_n call_v hence_o grogram_n yarn_n and_o not_o camel_n hair_n some_o vain_o conceive_v be_v late_o bring_v into_o england_n ingenious_a workman_n be_v here_o find_v that_o invent_v therewith_o tames_n and_o many_o other_o stuff_v to_o the_o great_a decay_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o grogram_n trade_n of_o this_o country_n and_o of_o such_o as_o live_v thereupon_o in_o angora_n whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o anno_fw-la 1630._o petition_v the_o duana_n of_o constantinople_n that_o this_o yarn_n may_v not_o be_v export_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n until_o it_o be_v put_v into_o work_n and_o make_v into_o stuff_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o but_o the_o farmer_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n custom_n at_o constantinople_n connive_v thereat_o and_o suffer_v the_o same_o to_o be_v export_v pay_v double_a custom_n which_o be_v 6_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o so_o it_o continue_v till_o 1634._o at_o what_o time_n a_o second_v strict_a prohibition_n with_o consiscation_n be_v proclaim_v and_o near_o look_v into_o so_o that_o what_o quantity_n be_v now_o find_v to_o come_v thence_o be_v by_o indirect_a mean_n and_o not_o otherwise_o if_o possible_a thereby_o again_o to_o give_v life_n to_o the_o grogram_n trade_n and_o the_o maker_n thereof_o in_o these_o part_n there_o be_v of_o late_a year_n an_o offer_v make_v by_o the_o venetian_a ambassador_n resident_a at_o constantinople_n to_o export_v 500_o of_o the_o goat_n that_o bear_v this_o wool_n to_o venetia_n thereby_o in_o time_n to_o bring_v this_o commodity_n in_o request_n in_o their_o signiory_n but_o the_o turk_n perceive_v their_o drift_n deny_v the_o same_o lest_o his_o subject_n and_o country_n may_v future_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o benefit_n of_o so_o excellent_a a_o commodity_n have_v our_o ancestor_n foresee_v the_o like_a discommodity_n that_o will_v have_v ensue_v by_o the_o exportation_n of_o english_a sheep_n into_o spain_n it_o may_v be_v conceive_v it_o will_v never_o have_v be_v in_o those_o day_n permit_v angora_n weight_n and_o measure_n of_o angora_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o same_o as_o be_v find_v in_o constantinople_n the_o gregram_n pico_n have_v from_o this_o town_n its_o original_n and_o be_v the_o proper_a pico_n of_o this_o country_n and_o city_n whereby_o all_o grogram_n mohair_n and_o chamblet_n be_v measure_v and_o sell_v throughout_o all_o turkey_n and_o be_v in_o grogram_n find_v in_o england_n to_o answer_v proportional_o as_o 24_o pico_n be_v a_o piece_n of_o ordinary_a grogram_n to_o make_v 16_o yard_n london_n for_o their_o money_n and_o account_n they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o constantinople_n vide_fw-la there_o chap._n li._n of_o cappadocia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o cappadocia_n cappadocia_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o galatia_n be_v cappadocia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v erzyrum_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o armenia_n be_v hold_v the_o rendezvous_n for_o the_o turkish_a militia_n in_o their_o expedition_n to_o persia_n and_o the_o place_n where_o when_o the_o war_n be_v end_v they_o be_v dismiss_v here_o be_v the_o entrance_n into_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o though_o war_n happen_v between_o the_o turk_n and_o the_o persian_n yet_o these_o barbarous_a nation_n be_v so_o careful_a of_o merchant_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o commerce_n that_o the_o merchant_n of_o both_o country_n though_o otherwise_o the_o province_n be_v at_o variance_n may_v here_o enter_v and_o transport_v their_o merchandise_n into_o one_o another_o country_n pay_v a_o small_a custom_n as_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o prince_n carrying_z a_o tescary_n or_o certificate_n thereof_o with_o they_o to_o such_o other_o place_n whither_o they_o go_v which_o in_o itself_o protect_v their_o good_n and_o person_n from_o danger_n or_o confiscation_n or_o other_o duty_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thing_n 〈◊〉_d see_v persia_n merchant_n with_o great_a estate_n in_o aloppo_n and_o constantinople_n in_o the_o hot_a of_o the_o war_n between_o their_o two_o sovereign_n to_o the_o shame_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o many_o christian_a prince_n who_o first_o prey_n upon_o the_o merchant_n that_o inhabit_v their_o country_n make_v a_o war_n upon_o their_o estate_n and_o person_n before_o they_o meddle_v with_o or_o haply_o hardly_o publish_v their_o intention_n to_o their_o sovereign_n the_o ancient_a tibarenean_n custom_n be_v now_o out_o of_o use_n in_o christendom_n who_o be_v say_v never_o to_o wage_v war_n against_o any_o enemy_n but_o they_o faithful_o certify_v they_o beforehand_o both_o of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o intent_n and_o fight_n and_o as_o it_o may_v be_v conjecture_v give_v first_o a_o fair_a dismission_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o consequent_o to_o their_o merchant_n trabesond_n amasia_n trabesond_n here_o be_v also_o amasia_n where_o the_o grand_a signior_n elder_a son_n be_v see_v to_o abide_v after_o his_o circumcision_n till_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n death_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o trabesond_n former_o a_o imperial_a seat_n now_o a_o small_a city_n seat_v upon_o the_o euxine_a or_o black_a sea_n have_v a_o reasonable_a good_a harbour_n and_o where_o the_o grand_a signior_n maintain_v certain_a galley_n to_o scour_v these_o coast_n here_o be_v find_v a_o great_a trade_n in_o summer_n for_o fish_n which_o to_o i_o do_v much_o resemble_v the_o english_a herring_n which_o they_o take_v upon_o this_o
coast_n in_o good_a quantity_n and_o be_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n armenian_n pickle_v and_o salt_v and_o so_o preserve_v and_o send_v into_o cassa_fw-mi constantinople_n and_o other_o part_n salt_n mineral_n salt_n their_o manner_n of_o salt_v and_o the_o matter_n wherewith_o be_v likewise_o as_o strange_a for_o the_o country_n afford_v not_o our_o common_a know_a bay_n salt_n there_o be_v a_o mountain_n within_o some_o league_n of_o this_o city_n out_o of_o which_o with_o ease_n they_o dig_v a_o stone_n to_o the_o eye_n appear_v black_a and_o no_o way_n transparent_a but_o beat_v in_o marble_n mortar_n with_o they_o in_o use_n it_o become_v very_o white_a and_o be_v find_v to_o preserve_v all_o meat_n as_o well_o as_o salt_n the_o bay_n and_o for_o merchandise_n be_v carry_v thence_o to_o constantinople_n and_o other_o country_n and_o sell_v in_o the_o stone_n unbeaten_a by_o the_o rotolo_n oache_n or_o quintar_n in_o this_o country_n do_v inhabit_v the_o amazonian_a virago_n penthesilea_n one_o of_o their_o queen_n come_v with_o troop_n to_o assist_v the_o trojan_n and_o long_o after_o thalestris_n another_o of_o the_o queen_n come_v to_o hyrcania_n to_o be_v alexander_n bed-fellow_n have_v now_o no_o memory_n extant_a of_o this_o feminine_a government_n chap._n lii_o of_o liconia_n pisidia_n and_o armenia_n minor_a armenia_n liconia_n pisidia_n armenia_n in_o liconia_n be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o iconium_n the_o regal_a seat_n of_o the_o aladine_n sultan_n the_o ruin_n of_o lystra_n where_o timothy_n be_v bear_v and_o paul_n and_o barnabas_n heal_v a_o cripple_n be_v adore_v for_o mercury_n and_o jupiter_n in_o pisidia_n be_v the_o famous_a battle_n fight_v between_o cyrus_n and_o artaxerxes_n where_o cyrus_n lose_v his_o life_n and_o the_o victory_n and_o out_o of_o which_o xenophon_n make_v that_o notable_a retreat_n with_o his_o grecian_n in_o despite_n of_o 20000_o which_o follow_v he_o at_o the_o heel_n anatolia_n ararat_n commodity_n of_o anatolia_n in_o armenia_n minor_a be_v seat_v the_o mountain_n ararat_n on_o who_o top_n the_o ark_n be_v say_v to_o rest_n after_o the_o deluge_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v of_o anatolia_n which_o in_o general_a for_o merchandise_n do_v yield_v these_o commodity_n gall_n carpet_n oil_n wine_n cotton_n wool_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n grogram_n grogram_n yarn_n sheep_n wool_n hide_v raw_a and_o salt_v and_o dry_a cordovant_n aniseed_n goat_n wool_n soap_n silk_n cummin-seed_n muscadines_n cute_v raisin_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o much_o in_o general_a of_o anatolia_n which_o ere_o i_o leave_v a_o word_n of_o trabesond_n chap._n liii_o of_o trabesond_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o trabesond_n trabesond_n trabesond_n former_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o empire_n now_o a_o province_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n be_v inhabit_v by_o jew_n and_o greek_n but_o principal_o by_o armenian_n the_o coin_n be_v those_o common_a with_o all_o turkey_n trabesond_n weight_n in_o trabesond_n there_o be_v find_v in_o trabesond_n in_o use_n two_o weight_n one_o for_o spice_n drug_n and_o fine_a commodity_n which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o weight_n of_o genoa_n which_o they_o here_o bring_v into_o use_n in_o their_o great_a trade_n into_o this_o city_n from_o gallata_n caffa_n and_o other_o place_n subject_a in_o those_o day_n to_o their_o government_n the_o other_o for_o gross_a commodity_n be_v the_o rotolo_n 100_o whereof_o be_v the_o cantar_n agree_v with_o that_o common_a rotolo_n of_o constantinople_n vide_fw-la there_o more_o trabesond_n measure_n of_o trabesond_n their_o common_a measure_n be_v a_o pico_n agree_v near_o with_o constantinople_n make_v about_o 26½_n incheâ—_n english_a chap._n liv._o of_o syria_n in_o general_a and_o the_o part_n thereof_o syria_n syria_n syria_n have_v on_o the_o east_n euphrates_n on_o the_o west_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n palestine_n on_o the_o north_n cilicia_n water_v with_o euphrates_n which_o ancient_o pass_v through_o the_o garden_n of_o eden_n euphrates_n euphrates_n and_o have_v its_o source_n in_o the_o mountain_n of_o armenia_n run_v at_o this_o day_n by_o babylon_n or_o bagdet_n disgorge_v itself_o into_o the_o persian_a sea_n and_o orontis_n which_o arise_v on_o mount_n libanus_n salute_v the_o wall_n of_o silutia_n and_o disembogu_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o province_n viz._n phoenicia_n coelosyria_n and_o syrophoenicia_n of_o which_o in_o order_n chap._n lv._o of_o phoenicia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o phoenicia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o in_o phoenicia_n be_v seat_v the_o city_n of_o ptolemais_n or_o acris_fw-la or_o acon_n famous_a for_o so_o many_o christian_a army_n that_o have_v in_o time_n past_o besiege_v it_o and_o which_o likewise_o add_v same_o to_o our_o king_n richard_n coeur_fw-fr de_fw-fr lion_n and_z edward_z the_o first_o in_o which_o place_n the_o venetian_n and_o french_a have_v some_o trade_n for_o wax_n hides_n corn_n silk_n and_o therefore_o follow_v the_o observation_n make_v by_o they_o in_o matter_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n i_o find_v the_o same_o to_o be_v thus_o accord_v chap._n lvi_o of_o acria_n common_o s._n john_n de_fw-fr acria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o acria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o acria_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o now_o struggle_v with_o its_o own_o ruin_n have_v yet_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o small_a but_o commodious_a harbour_n some_o trade_n maintain_v by_o the_o french_a but_o principal_o by_o venetian_n who_o in_o small_a vessel_n coast_n these_o part_n and_o pick_v up_o some_o of_o the_o astan_n commodity_n out_o of_o these_o village_n and_o town_n border_v upon_o the_o seacoast_n as_o both_o in_o this_o place_n tripoli_n sidon_n etc._n etc._n the_o agreement_n of_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_v observe_v by_o venetian_n i_o will_v insert_v acria_n weight_n of_o acria_n the_o cantar_n of_o acria_n common_o call_v by_o they_o the_o cantar_n tambaran_n make_v sotile_a in_o venice_n 900_o l._n which_o produce_v in_o england_n 603_o l._n acria_n measure_n of_o acria_n rotolo_n 1_o make_v sotile_a pound_n in_o venetia_n 9_o l._n brace_n 100_o of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o silk_n be_v in_o acria_n 108_o pic_n brace_n 100_o of_o cloth_n woollen_a of_o venetia_n be_v in_o acria_n 115_o picos_fw-la coin_n coin_n their_o coin_n be_v general_o the_o same_o with_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n which_o i_o shall_v declare_v come_v to_o treat_v of_o constantinople_n the_o metropolis_n of_o that_o empire_n and_o of_o aleppo_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o country_n therefore_o shall_v not_o need_v here_o to_o insist_v further_o thereupon_o chap._n lvii_o of_o sidon_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o sidon_n sidon_n sidon_n be_v now_o limit_v within_o a_o narrow_a compass_n than_o its_o ancient_a bound_n command_v by_o the_o emir_n or_o prince_n of_o the_o drusian_o the_o offspring_n of_o christian_n but_o now_o hardly_o profess_v any_o religion_n at_o all_o it_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o same_o shore_n as_o acria_n and_o where_o the_o french_a and_o venetian_n maintain_v consul_n and_o be_v better_a know_v to_o we_o than_o acria_n and_o where_o by_o their_o mean_n all_o western_a christian_n find_v a_o reasonable_a favourable_a protection_n in_o their_o trade_n sidon_n commodity_n of_o sidon_n the_o country_n do_v principal_o abound_v in_o corn_n which_o some_o year_n be_v hence_o distribute_v and_o disperse_v to_o marselia_n ligorn_n and_o other_o part_n of_o christendom_n with_o gall_n wool_n wax_n etc._n etc._n sidon_n coin_n common_a in_o sidon_n their_o coin_n be_v principal_o rial_n of_o 8_o â—_o spanish_a and_o chickquin_n in_o gold_n the_o rial_n account_v for_o 72_o asper_n and_o the_o chickquin_n 108_o asper_n but_o the_o valuation_n alter_v according_a to_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o state_n and_o course_n of_o traffic_n therefore_o no_o great_a confidence_n can_v be_v give_v thereunto_o sidon_n weight_n of_o sidon_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o dram_n and_o rotolo_n current_n in_o these_o part_n of_o asia_n 650_o dram_n make_v the_o rotol_n 4_o l._n 5½_n ounce_n english_a rotolos_n 100_o be_v their_o cantar_n qu._n 433â…“_n l._n english_a rotolo_n 1_o be_v account_v to_o make_v there_o also_o 12_o ounce_n rotolos_fw-la 110_o make_n rotolos_n 100_o common_a in_o aleppo_n rotolos_fw-la 115_o make_n rotolos_n 100_o common_a in_o cyprus_n sidon_n measure_n of_o sidon_n their_o measure_n be_v these_o in_o this_o tract_n lie_v the_o place_n where_o tyre_n be_v seat_v now_o devour_v by_o the_o encroach_a sea_n of_o who_o ancient_a traffic_n see_v the_o 66_o chapter_n and_o also_o sarepta_n where_o elias_n who_o have_v former_o live_v in_o mount_n carmel_n nigh_o adjoin_v be_v sustain_v in_o a_o famine_n by_o a_o widow_n who_o son_n he_o raise_v from_o death_n other_o matter_n of_o consequence_n
cardamum_n 5_o per_fw-mi cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr turbit_n 5_o per_fw-mi cent_n 105_o  _fw-fr silk_n 10_o per_fw-la cent_n 110_o  _fw-fr ambergris_n 10_o per_fw-la cent_n 110_o  _fw-fr and_o many_o other_o which_o the_o merchant_n must_v learn_v all_o these_o commodity_n be_v find_v to_o have_v these_o certain_a tare_n beside_o the_o bag_n canister_n box_n churl_n and_o the_o like_a by_o the_o custom_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o place_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o this_o city_n be_v a_o inland_a town_n wherein_o a_o bashaw_n be_v find_v to_o command_v for_o the_o grand_a signior_n there_o be_v here_o a_o custom_n impose_v upon_o all_o good_n enter_v and_o issue_v to_o foreiner_n and_o merchant_z strangers_z 3_o 1_o â—_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n and_o not_o in_o the_o same_o species_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o alexandria_n before_o specify_v trade_n agreement_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o damascus_n with_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n and_o to_o conclude_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o will_v insert_v a_o old_a observation_n fall_v into_o my_o hand_n make_v upon_o the_o weight_n here_o and_o the_o agreement_n thereof_o with_o other_o country_n the_o certainty_n whereof_o i_o will_v refer_v to_o trial_n the_o cantar_n of_o damascus_n make_v as_o i_o say_v before_o 100_o rotolos_n make_v in_o the_o cantar_n of_o damascus_n by_o observation_n have_v make_v in_o alexandria_n 428_o rot._n forfori_fw-la constantinople_n 341_o rot._n venice_n sotile_a 600_o l._n ditto_n gross_a 380_o l._n ancona_n 517_o l._n florenca_fw-la 525_o l._n rhagusa_n 500_o l._n naples_n 566_o l._n sicilia_n 576_o l._n idem_fw-la 203_o â…”_n rot._n milan_n 552_o l._n genoa_n 570_o l._n valentia_n 400_o l._n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o rotolo_n of_o damascus_n with_o some_o other_o place_n the_o rot._n damascus_n be_v in_o valentia_n 4_o l._n 11_o ½_n ounce_n and1_n l._n val._n be_v 120_o dram_n genoa_n 5_o l._n 8½_n ounce_n 1_o l._n genoa_n be_v 105_o dram_n here_o milan_n 5_o l._n 6½_n ounce_n 1_o l._n milan_n be_v 208_o dram_n sicilia_n 5_o l._n 9_o ounce_n  _fw-fr naples_n 5_o l._n 6â…”_n ounce_n and_o 1_o l._n naples_n rhagusa_n 5_o l._n and_o 1_o l._n rhagusa_n florence_z 5_o l._n 3_o ounce_n and_o 1_o l._n florenco_n be_v 112_o d_z the_o truth_n of_o these_o observation_n i_o must_v leave_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o more_o expert_a and_o give_v you_o a_o touch_n of_o what_o i_o have_v gather_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o agreement_n of_o measure_n of_o length_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o pico_n of_o damascus_n with_o some_o other_o place_n 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o florence_n have_v make_v in_o damascus_n 99_o picos_fw-la 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o naples_n 28½_n cane_n 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o sicilia_n 28¾_n cane_n 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o milan_n 87_o brace_n 100_o cane_n of_o silk_n in_o genoa_n have_v make_v in_o damascus_n 37½_n picos_fw-la 100_o picos_fw-la of_o damascus_n have_v make_v in_o venice_n of_o cloth_n 87_o brace_n 100_o brace_n of_o venice_n silk_n have_v make_v in_o damascus_n 106½_n picos_fw-la and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o english_a french_a and_o dutch_a be_v not_o find_v at_o present_a to_o have_v any_o trade_n hither_o and_o that_o the_o venetian_n be_v the_o only_a western_a christian_a merchant_n that_o here_o reside_v and_o have_v here_o a_o consul_n for_o the_o protection_n of_o they_o and_o their_o trade_n and_o good_n it_o will_v fit_v i_o best_o to_o borrow_v some_o of_o their_o observation_n and_o observe_v the_o trade_n they_o now_o drive_v to_o this_o city_n damascus_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o venetian_n to_o damascus_n the_o commodity_n which_o the_o venetian_n then_o carry_v hither_o for_o merchandise_n be_v woollen_a clothes_n honey_n almond_n tin_n quicksilver_n lead_v latin_n wire_n iron_n wire_n latin_a plate_n brimstone_n allons_fw-fr mastich_n coral_n saffron_n flemish_a bead_n and_o bracelet_n crystal_n looking-glass_n linen_n of_o divers_a sort_n coarse_a canvas_n some_o few_o fur_n sugar_n of_o cyprus_n write_v paper_n velvet_n taffata_n damask_n and_o satin_n some_o noremberg_n ware_n coral_n bead_n and_o many_o such_o european_a commodity_n the_o commodity_n that_o they_o find_v here_o to_o make_v return_n of_o be_v these_o raw_a silk_n of_o this_o country_n growth_n and_o of_o persia_n ardasse_n and_o lege_fw-la belledine_n trippoli_n bodovin_n baias_n and_o other_o also_o some_o spice_n and_o some_o drug_n as_o ginger_n cloves_n mace_n sandal_n incense_n myrrh_n nurmeg_n indigo_n gallingal_n long_a pepper_n mirabolan_n ammoniac_a aloe_n epatica_fw-la cardamon_n turbit_n sanguis_fw-la draconis_fw-la sugar_n candy_v wormseed_n zedoaria_fw-la spikenard_n cinnamon_n tutia_n cotton_n and_o some_o cotton_n yarn_n benjamin_n assa_fw-la foetida_fw-la manna_n camphire_n cassia_n and_o the_o like_a of_o which_o some_o be_v find_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o cantar_n of_o damascus_n and_o some_o by_o the_o rotolo_n also_o observe_v that_o musk_n ambergris_n and_o pearl_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o metalico_fw-la which_o be_v 1½_n dram_n and_o sivet_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o weight_n call_v ongia_n be_v 10_o dram_n which_o make_v 6_o 2_o â—_o metalicos_fw-la which_o make_v sotile_a in_o venice_n 1_o ounce_n 1_o sacc_fw-la and_o 5_o carot_n the_o rotolo_n be_v account_v here_o 600_o dram_n but_o liege_n and_o ardasse_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o rotolo_n of_o 680_o dram_n which_o be_v 7_o l._n sotile_a venice_n but_o damascus_n silk_n and_o all_o silk_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n of_o the_o place_n of_o 600_o dram_n these_o note_v the_o venetian_n have_v make_v upon_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n 1_o cantar_n damascus_n be_v sotile_a venice_n 600_o l._n and_o gross_a 380_o l._n 1_o rot._n damascus_n be_v sotile_a 6_o l._n and_o gross_a 3_o l._n 9½_n ounce_n 100_o dram_fw-la damascus_n be_v 66½_n mitigal_n sotile_a venice_n 1_o l._n and_o of_o the_o silver_n weight_n in_o venice_n 10_o ounce_n ¼_n and_o 5_o carot_n 100_o dram_fw-la make_v silver_n weight_n in_o venice_n 12_o marc._n 6_o ounce_n and_o ½_n 100_o mitigal_n damascus_n be_v in_o venice_n 15_o ¼_n ounce_n and_o 5_o carat_n 100_o carat_n damascus_n be_v silver_n weight_n in_o venice_n 91_o carat_n 1½_n dram_n damascin_n be_v 24_o carats_n damascin_n the_o which_o 24_o carat_n be_v one_o mitiga_fw-la damascino_n again_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o 1000_o l._n gross_a in_o venice_n make_v in_o damascus_n 293â…“_n rotolos_n the_o 1000_o l._n sotile_a in_o venice_n be_v in_o damascus_n 166â…”_n rotolos_n so_o that_o the_o 100_o l._n gross_a be_v 26â…“_n rotol_n damascine_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n sotile_n be_v 16â…”_n rotol_n damascine_n damascus_n measure_n of_o damascus_n as_o for_o the_o measure_n of_o damascus_n there_o be_v but_o one_o here_o in_o use_n and_o be_v common_a to_o all_o commodity_n both_o linen_n silk_n and_o woollen_a which_o be_v the_o pico_n which_o by_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o venetian_n i_o find_v thus_o 100_o pico_n in_o damascus_n be_v in_o venice_n cloth_n measure_n brace_n 87_o thereby_o estimate_v the_o say_a pico_n to_o be_v almost_o â…ž_n of_o brace_n venetian_n 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venice_n make_v in_o damascus_n 111_o in_o 112_o pico_n 100_o brace_n of_o silk_n in_o venice_n make_v in_o damascus_n 106_o in_o 107_o pico_n and_o how_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o measure_n of_o england_n and_o other_o place_n i_o have_v show_v before_o therefore_o leave_v damascus_n trade_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o better_a experience_a and_o find_v the_o caravan_n of_o aleppo_n ready_a to_o depart_v i_o be_o call_v thither_o where_o by_o the_o way_n observe_v some_o relic_n not_o here_o worth_a mention_v and_o where_o arrive_v you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o next_o leaf_n what_o i_o have_v there_o observe_v in_o the_o matter_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n lxvii_o of_o aleppo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o aleppo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o aleppo_n call_v in_o the_o 2_o sam._n 8_o 3._o aram_n sobab_n be_v now_o the_o most_o famous_a city_n in_o all_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n for_o the_o wonderful_a confluence_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o country_n that_o come_v hither_o to_o traffic_v it_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v upon_o a_o plain_a in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o do_v rise_v a_o small_a hill_n whereupon_o be_v build_v a_o strong_a castle_n that_o command_v the_o whole_a city_n it_o have_v in_o it_o many_o cane_n for_o lodging_n and_o warehouse_n for_o merchant_n which_o resemble_v small_a fort_n be_v shut_v with_o iron_n gate_n defend_v the_o merchant_n and_o their_o good_n from_o all_o wrong_n or_o theft_n their_o street_n be_v shut_v with_o door_n every_o night_n at_o each_o end_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o cairo_n
and_o thereby_o every_o street_n become_v a_o defensible_a place_n by_o itself_o there_o be_v of_o all_o eastern_a southern_a and_o western_a nation_n merchant_n find_v therein_o many_o of_o which_o enjoy_v several_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n grant_v they_o by_o their_o particular_a capitulation_n from_o the_o grand_a signior_n who_o be_v lord_n hereof_o the_o english_a venetian_n and_o french_a be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a trader_n hither_o each_o bring_v hither_o their_o native_a commodity_n and_o here_o exchange_v they_o for_o arabian_a persian_a and_o indian_a drug_n gem_n spice_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n among_o which_o the_o english_a be_v most_o eminent_a by_o reason_n that_o they_o not_o only_o furnish_v this_o city_n with_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o england_n but_o also_o with_o such_o as_o come_v to_o they_o from_o india_n and_o persia_n by_o sea_n and_o which_o in_o former_a day_n be_v from_o hence_o bring_v into_o england_n scanderone_n scanderone_n this_o city_n be_v seat_v about_o 100_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o sea_n alexandretta_n or_o scanderone_n be_v the_o sea_n port_n and_o road_n whereto_o all_o ship_n either_o out_o of_o the_o ocean_n or_o mediterranean_n come_v to_o lade_v and_o unlade_v their_o good_n and_o be_v hence_o transport_v by_o camel_n to_o aleppo_n which_o scale_n be_v former_o in_o tripoli_n which_o be_v a_o more_o commodious_a port_n and_o near_o in_o distance_n but_o the_o way_n be_v find_v more_o craggy_a rugged_a and_o dangerous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o insolency_n of_o the_o arabian_n it_o be_v by_o all_o christian_n disuse_v and_o by_o consent_v the_o same_o be_v here_o settle_v aleppo_n commodity_n of_o aleppo_n the_o commodity_n which_o be_v find_v in_o this_o city_n be_v common_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o asis_fw-la and_o africa_n as_o spice_n of_o all_o sort_n drug_n of_o all_o sort_n silk_n of_o persia_n gem_n of_o india_n spice_n of_o arabia_n and_o the_o common_a commodity_n proper_a to_o the_o country_n as_o grogram_n grogram_n yarn_n gall_n cotton_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n silk_n of_o tripoli_n bocai_n bedovine_n add_v damascus_n and_o other_o sort_n in_o great_a quantity_n aleppo_n weight_n of_o aleppo_n the_o weight_n use_v here_o in_o particular_a be_v the_o dram_n and_o rotolo_n as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o turkey_n but_o the_o rotolo_n be_v find_v in_o many_o commodity_n to_o differ_v in_o dram_fw-la according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o weight_n of_o the_o place_n and_o commodity_n the_o cantar_n be_v also_o find_v to_o disagree_v in_o rotolo_n according_a to_o the_o common_a and_o usual_a weight_n of_o commodity_n which_o i_o will_v declare_v thereby_o to_o show_v first_o how_o they_o accord_n with_o england_n and_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n and_o then_o how_o they_o agree_v among_o themselves_o and_o first_o silk_n of_o persia_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o wesno_n which_o be_v 30_o nether_a and_o 1_o nether_a be_v 120_o grain_n and_o every_o grain_n be_v 30_o dram_fw-la by_o which_o account_n the_o wesno_n amount_v to_o 3600_o dram_fw-la and_o 7_o wesno_n make_v a_o coal_n but_o the_o common_a weight_n better_o know_v to_o we_o in_o the_o rotolo_n which_o of_o ardesse_n and_o liege_n be_v 680_o dram_fw-la of_o belledine_n 700_o dram_fw-la and_o so_o change_v in_o other_o sort_n of_o commodity_n which_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o rotolo_n be_v also_o divide_v into_o 12_o ounce_n and_o ounce_n 1_o be_v dram_n 60_o dram_n 3600_o be_v account_v a_o wesno_n dram_fw-la 2400_o be_v a_o botman_n which_o be_v the_o weight_n by_o which_o silk_n be_v sell_v in_o constantinople_n and_o make_v there_o 6_o oak_n cantar_n 2_o be_v rotolos_n 100_o make_v near_o 481_o l._n averdupois_n rotolo_n 1_o be_v averdupois_n 4_o 13_o ounce_n account_v and_o find_v sometime_o 4_o l._n 14_o ounce_n so_o that_o 112_o l._n averdupois_n be_v find_v hereby_o to_o be_v rotolos_n 22_o ounce_n 8._o rotolos_fw-la 100_o common_a weight_n be_v 494_o l._n 8_o ounce_n averdupois_n which_o be_v above_o 4_o l._n 15_o ounce_n and_o so_o be_v sometime_o find_v to_o produce_v in_o some_o commodity_n a_o wesno_n of_o silver_n be_v 100_o dram_fw-la which_o be_v 68_o lyre_n of_o venetia_n and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o 11_o ℞_o ⅔_n full_a weight_n make_v a_o wesno_n of_o silver_n here_o silver_n gold_n gem_n etc._n etc._n be_v sell_v by_o the_o mitigal_a which_o be_v 1½_n dram_n which_o be_v carot_n 24_o english_a or_o grain_n 96._o aleppo_n wesnos_n reduce_v into_o rotolos_n in_o aleppo_n wesno_n of_o aleppo_n be_v in_o buy_v of_o silk_n thus_o reduce_v into_o rotolo_n and_o dram_n follow_v wesno_n 1_o be_v rotolos_n 5_o dram_fw-la 200_o 5_o 26_o 320_o 10_o 52_o 630_o 20_o 105_o 600_o 30_o 158_o 560_o 40_o 211_o 520_o 50_o 264_o 480_o 60_o 317_o 440_o 70_o 370_o 400_o 80_o 423_o 360_o 90_o 476_o 320_o 100_o 529_o 280_o which_o may_v be_v enlarge_v to_o a_o great_a number_n have_v purposely_o here_o insert_v the_o same_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o ignorant_a and_o learner_n venetia_n aleppo_n with_o venetia_n now_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o venetian_n have_v be_v account_v the_o first_o christian_n trader_n into_o this_o city_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o agreement_n in_o weight_n of_o this_o place_n and_o venetia_n cantar_n 1_o make_v sotile_a venetia_n 720_o l._n gross_a 456_o l._n which_o this_o way_n be_v reduce_v to_o english_a weight_n be_v 482_o l._n averdupois_n rotol_n 1_o venetia_n sotile_a l._n 7_o ounce_n 2_o sache_n 2½_n gross_a l._n 4._o ounce_n 6¾_n gross_a venetia_n 1000_o l._n be_v in_o aleppo_n cantar_n 2._o rot._n 19_o sotile_n venetia_n 1000_o l._n be_v in_o aleppo_n cantar_n 1_o rot._n 40_o so_o that_o 100_o l._n gross_a be_v rotol_n 21_o and_o 100_o l._n sotile_n be_v 14_o rotolos_n cantar_n 1_o have_v produce_v in_o florence_n 660_o l._n weigh_v aleppo_n note_n of_o weigh_v now_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o note_v some_o observation_n upon_o commodity_n weigh_v in_o aleppo_n with_o the_o tare_n and_o allowance_n by_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n give_v to_o the_o buyer_n indigo_n indigo_n all_o sort_n of_o indigo_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o churl_n which_o be_v 27½_n rotolo_n of_o 720_o dram_n churl_n 2_o make_v a_o chest_n allow_v in_o account_n 327_o l._n to_o a_o churl_n of_o neat_a indigo_n and_o there_o be_v allow_v to_o the_o buyer_n 3_o ounce_n per_fw-la churl_n for_o dust_n and_o 3_o ounce_n for_o single_a shirt_n and_o 6_o ounce_n for_o double_a silk_n silk_n silk_n of_o all_o sort_n have_v allowance_n for_o head_n of_o skein_n if_o course_n 100_o in_o 130_o dram_n per_fw-la wesno_n if_o fine_a 60_o dram_n notwithstanding_o musk._n musk._n musk_n be_v buy_v by_o the_o mitigal_a out_o of_o the_o cod_n give_v no_o allowance_n in_o the_o cod_n 20_o per_fw-la cent_n drug_n drug_n drug_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o country_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n of_o 720_o dram_n and_o pay_v no_o custom_n but_o of_o the_o growth_n of_o foreign_a part_n by_o rotolo_n 600_o dram_n and_o pay_v great_a custom_n as_o be_v camphire_n aloe_n socotrina_fw-la damascus_n silk_n of_o damascus_n silk_n also_o of_o these_o country_n as_o damascus_n tripoli_n bacas_n give_v no_o allowance_n in_o tear_v be_v clean_a silk_n oppion_n be_v sell_v dram_n 110_o for_o 100_o dram_n the_o 10_o dram_n be_v allow_v for_o tear_v in_o that_o commodity_n spice_n spice_n spice_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n of_o 720_o dram_n and_o if_o the_o same_o be_v ungarble_v the_o allowance_n be_v 132_o for_o 100_o but_o if_o garbled_a 110_o for_o 100_o notwithstanding_o as_o in_o clove_n mace_n cinnamon_n etc._n etc._n gall_n gall_n gall_n have_v allowance_n for_o dust_n 2_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o brief_o observe_v these_o commodity_n give_v these_o tare_n to_o the_o buyer_n aloe_n epaticum_fw-la with_o the_o skin_n and_o aloe_n socotrina_fw-la assa_fw-la foetida_fw-la with_o the_o skin_n bdellium_n give_v 20_o in_o 120_o spice_n spice_n cinnamon_n cubeb_n cassia_n fistula_n oculus_fw-la indi_fw-it galbanum_fw-la mace_n oppion_n rhubarb_n manna_n etc._n etc._n 10_o per_fw-la 100_o camphora_n lignum_fw-la aloe_n nutmeg_n etc._n etc._n 5_o per_fw-la 105._o note_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o no_o english_a merchant_n be_v permit_v to_o trade_n in_o turkey_n but_o the_o levant_n company_n and_o that_o this_o company_n be_v incorporate_v by_o special_a privilege_n in_o london_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o his_o majesty_n of_o england_n the_o order_n of_o that_o company_n by_o the_o trader_n hither_o to_o other_o the_o port_n of_o turkey_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v according_a to_o their_o establish_a act_n and_o ordinance_n whereto_o i_o refer_v the_o enquirer_n for_o further_a information_n aleppo_n coin_n of_o aleppo_n the_o coin_n current_a of_o aleppo_n be_v the_o same_o common_a with_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a
trade_n of_o moment_n here_o the_o trade_n drive_v here_o by_o the_o dutch_a not_o worthy_a consideration_n beside_o which_o this_o town_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o great_a magazine_n of_o all_o persia_n india_n and_o arabia_n commodity_n the_o merchant_n whereof_o come_v hither_o in_o great_a troop_n and_o caravan_n with_o their_o camel_n lade_v with_o the_o rich_a ware_n of_o those_o several_a country_n and_o make_v their_o return_n in_o the_o commodity_n of_o europe_n above_o name_v which_o they_o buy_v and_o barter_n with_o the_o english_a french_a and_o venetian_n which_o here_o have_v their_o residence_n as_o aforesaid_a to_o conclude_v then_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n and_o to_o omit_v nothing_o that_o i_o have_v judge_v proper_a for_o the_o demonstration_n thereof_o i_o will_v insert_v the_o observation_n make_v here_o by_o experience_n in_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o this_o place_n with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o some_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o levant_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o cantar_n of_o aleppo_n with_o other_o place_n it_o be_v before_o note_v that_o in_o aleppo_n there_o be_v but_o one_o quintar_n account_v as_o the_o common_a cantar_n of_o the_o place_n by_o which_o all_o commodity_n be_v both_o buy_v and_o sell_v yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v withal_o that_o from_o this_o quintar_n be_v many_o other_o cantars_n derive_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v in_o the_o weight_n of_o some_o special_a commodity_n as_o i_o have_v before_o likewise_o note_v now_o this_o cantar_n consist_v of_o 100_o rotolo_n the_o common_a rotolo_n here_o which_o be_v also_o account_v 600_o dram_n though_o as_o i_o have_v there_o observe_v several_a commodity_n be_v weigh_v by_o a_o several_a rotolo_n some_o consist_v of_o 600_o some_o 680_o some_o 700_o and_o some_o 720_o dram_n therefore_o to_o explain_v this_o point_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o common_a cantar_n of_o aleppo_n contain_v 100_o rotolo_n and_o each_o rotolo_n contain_v 600_o dram_n have_v make_v in_o these_o country_n follow_v the_o 100_o rotolo_n of_o 680_o dram_n be_v in_o naples_n 633_o l._n 6_o l._n 8_o ounce_n venetia_n sotile_a 720_o l._n 7_o l._n 2_o ounce_n 2â…”_n saob_n venetia_n gross_a 456_o l._n 4_o l._n 9¾_n ounce_n florence_n 626_o l._n 6_o l._n 3½_n ounce_n genoa_n sotile_a 624_o l._n 6_o l._n 10_o ounce_n sicilia_n 691_o l._n 6_o l._n 10â…”_n ounce_n milan_n 662_o l._n 6_o l._n 7½_n ounce_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o 100_o pico_n of_o aleppo_n with_o other_o place_n i_o have_v note_v the_o measure_n here_o in_o general_n for_o all_o commodity_n to_o be_v the_o pico_n in_o cloth_n thâ—_n 100_o pico_n have_v be_v find_v thus_o to_o concord_n with_o other_o country_n have_v make_v in_o 100_o pico_n venice_n cloth_n 94_o brace_n venice_n silk_n 100_o brace_n florence_n 107½_n brace_n genoa_n 28_o 1_o â—_o cane_n milan_n 81_o brace_n sicilia_n 31_o cane_n 1_o palm_n and_o thus_o much_o be_v what_o i_o conceive_v needful_a to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o famous_a city_n of_o aleppo_n chap._n lxiii_o of_o tripoli_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o next_o and_o last_o of_o note_n in_o this_o country_n be_v tripoli_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o in_o barbary_n common_o call_v in_o syria_n it_o have_v in_o former_a time_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o enjoy_v a_o fair_a and_o common_a harbour_n and_o now_o ruin_v and_o have_v as_o i_o say_v before_o of_o late_a day_n be_v account_v for_o the_o port_n and_o scale_n of_o aleppo_n where_o our_o ship_n ever_o jade_v and_o unlade_v but_o since_o their_o removal_n to_o scanderone_n it_o be_v of_o little_a commerce_n some_o venetian_n be_v here_o find_v to_o reside_v and_o who_o pick_v out_o hence_o some_o small_a trade_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n who_o afford_v they_o silk_n here_o grow_v some_o cotton_n yarn_n and_o cotton_n wool_n some_o drug_n corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n tripoli_n weight_n of_o tripoli_n their_o weight_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o damascus_n which_o be_v rotolo_n 100_o and_o be_v a_o cantar_n damascino_n which_o be_v venetia_n sotile_a 600_o l._n gross_a 380_o l._n which_o this_o way_n shall_v be_v english_a 402_o l._n but_o it_o have_v be_v find_v to_o yield_v 416_o l_o averdupois_n dram_n 52_o be_v a_o ounce_n ounce_n 12_o be_v a_o rotolo_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 4_o l._n 2_o ounce_n of_o averdupois_n and_o ounce_n 8_o be_v a_o oak_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v out_o 42¾_n l._n averdupois_n tripoli_n measure_n of_o tripoli_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o pico_n be_v somewhat_o less_o than_o 27_o inch_n english_a tripoli_n coin_n in_o tripoli_n their_o money_n be_v general_o the_o same_o with_o all_o turkey_n but_o thus_o account_v asper_n two_o be_v a_o medin_n asper_n 40_o be_v ¼_n r._n â—_o asper_n 160_o be_v a_o r._n â—_o asper_n 140_o be_v a_o dollar_n lion_n asper_n 240_o be_v a_o sultany_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n chap._n lxiv_o of_o palestina_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o palestine_n palestine_n the_o next_o country_n in_o order_n be_v palestina_n have_v on_o the_o east_n euphrates_n on_o the_o west_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n phoenicia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n arabia_n this_o country_n have_v so_o often_o change_v its_o name_n that_o it_o have_v be_v call_v by_o six_o several_a name_n 1._o canaâ—…_n 2._o the_o land_n of_o promise_n 3._o israel_n 4._o judaea_n 5._o palestina_n and_o last_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o noâ—_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n galilea_n judea_n idumea_n and_o samaria_n galilea_n galilea_n in_o galilea_n be_v not_o find_v any_o city_n either_o of_o note_n or_o trade_n though_o in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v famous_a for_o many_o as_o bethsaida_n the_o birth-place_n of_o peter_n andrew_n and_o philip_n and_o nazareth_n second_o to_o none_o where_o the_o virgin_n mary_n be_v salute_v with_o those_o joyful_a tiding_n by_o a_o angel_n jordan_n jordan_n in_o this_o country_n arise_v the_o two_o spring-head_n of_o jordan_n jor_n and_o dan_n of_o which_o two_o that_o unite_a river_n do_v derive_v its_o name_n samaria_n samaria_n neither_o do_v samaria_n now_o afford_v any_o city_n of_o commerce_n though_o many_o notable_a place_n be_v there_o find_v in_o the_o flourish_a day_n of_o the_o israelite_n idumea_n idumea_n idumea_n be_v also_o destitute_a of_o trading_n though_o it_o have_v the_o commodious_a seaport_n joppa_n in_o 〈◊〉_d where_o our_o western_a pilgrim_n be_v see_v to_o land_n and_o foot_n it_o to_o jerusalem_n where_o also_o in_o time_n past_a jonah_n take_v ship_v to_o fly_v to_o tarsus_n and_o where_o peter_n lie_v in_o the_o house_n of_o one_o simon_n 〈◊〉_d tanner_n be_v in_o a_o vision_n teach_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o gentile_n here_o also_o be_v gasa_n where_o the_o persian_n do_v hoard_v up_o in_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o empire_n the_o custom_n and_o tribute_n of_o their_o westen_n dominion_n take_v what_o i_o find_v in_o trade_n here_o worthy_a observation_n chap._n lxv_o of_o gasa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o gasa_n and_o though_o trade_n thereof_o gasa_n have_v be_v more_o famous_a and_o beautiful_a than_o now_o it_o be_v and_o renown_v through_o europe_n both_o for_o a_o good_a seaport_n and_o a_o good_a defence_n to_o the_o western_a christian_n in_o their_o waâ—…_n here_o against_o the_o saladin_n and_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n and_o for_o a_o good_a seat_n of_o trade_n but_o all_o these_o good_a thing_n be_v too_o good_a for_o those_o nation_n that_o have_v since_o be_v master_n thereof_o for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o port_n be_v spoil_v by_o rubbish_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o wall_n ruin_v by_o the_o war_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o scale_n in_o trade_n decay_v by_o the_o neighbour_a town_n situate_v upon_o this_o coast_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o see_v yet_o a_o little_a trade_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o creek_n capable_a to_o receive_v small_a vessel_n wherein_o the_o venetian_n and_o french_a pick_v out_o some_o trade_n with_o their_o ready_a money_n it_o be_v a_o station_n common_a to_o those_o caravan_n that_o by_o land_n travel_n from_o damascus_n aleppo_n or_o constantinople_n to_o cairo_n and_o so_o back_o again_o and_o these_o caravan_n keep_v their_o settle_a time_n of_o progress_n and_o regress_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o some_o traffic_n here_o maintain_v the_o barrenness_n of_o the_o neighbour_a desert_n drive_v some_o hither_o to_o inhabit_v which_o make_v the_o town_n to_o be_v better_o people_v than_o otherwise_o it_o happy_o will_v be_v thereby_o enlarge_n the_o commerce_n
of_o the_o place_n what_o observation_n therein_o i_o have_v learn_v i_o must_v acknowledge_v due_a to_o the_o endeavour_n of_o a_o venetian_a merchant_n who_o much_o frequent_v these_o part_n which_o be_v gasa_n commodity_n of_o gasa_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o city_n be_v those_o proper_a of_o the_o country_n and_o as_o the_o place_n partake_v as_o a_o confine_n town_n of_o egypt_n and_o judea_n so_o it_o must_v be_v understand_v that_o it_o do_v participate_v of_o the_o commodity_n for_o merchandise_n proper_a to_o both_o of_o they_o as_o cotton_n cotton_n yarn_n silk_n some_o drug_n some_o spice_n and_o the_o like_a gasa_n coin_n of_o gasa_n the_o coin_n here_o current_a i_o need_v not_o nominate_v neither_o yet_o the_o manner_n of_o keep_v of_o merchant_n account_n here_o for_o as_o seat_v in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n the_o coin_n and_o account_n be_v the_o same_o common_a with_o constantinople_n and_o other_o part_n of_o turkey_n gasa_n weight_n of_o gasa_n the_o weight_n of_o gasa_n be_v find_v to_o be_v only_o one_o compose_v of_o the_o rotolo_n and_o 100_o rotolo_n make_n their_o cantar_n which_o cantar_n by_o the_o say_a observation_n make_v in_o venetia_n 800_o l._n sotile_n and_o the_o 1000_o l._n gross_a in_o venetia_n have_v make_v here_o 191_o rot._n and_o the_o 1000_o l._n sotile_a venetia_n have_v make_v here_o 125_o rotolo_n but_o because_o i_o find_v a_o countryman_n of_o our_o own_o to_o have_v make_v a_o differ_a observation_n from_o this_o in_o the_o point_n of_o weight_n which_o be_v that_o the_o cantar_n of_o gasa_n will_v make_v in_o london_n 536_o l._n averdupois_n i_o will_v leave_v the_o experiment_n to_o that_o hand_n that_o shall_v have_v cause_n to_o make_v a_o further_a trial_n chap._n lxvi_o of_o tyrus_n and_o the_o ancient_a trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o tyrus_n and_o the_o ancient_a trade_n thereof_o tyrus_n lie_v also_o in_o this_o tract_n or_o to_o say_v more_o proper_o and_o more_o true_o do_v once_o lie_v in_o this_o tract_n which_o for_o its_o great_a splendour_n in_o traffic_n in_o time_n past_a deserve_v here_o the_o commemoration_n thereof_o which_o i_o will_v insert_v as_o i_o find_v it_o note_v by_o the_o prophet_n ezekiel_n in_o chap._n 26._o and_o 27._o the_o greatness_n and_o amplitude_n of_o which_o trade_n now_o ruin_v and_o altogether_o desolate_a serve_v for_o example_n to_o all_o eminent_a city_n of_o traffic_n that_o the_o merchant_n inhabitant_n of_o those_o place_n forget_v not_o god_n the_o giver_n of_o that_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n nor_o yet_o abuse_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o destruction_n as_o be_v show_v there_o it_o be_v to_o the_o tyrian_n tyrus_n then_o in_o the_o height_n of_o its_o greatness_n be_v record_v â—o_o have_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n and_o so_o large_a that_o it_o serve_v for_o a_o general_a mart_n to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o that_o all_o nation_n be_v furnish_v with_o their_o merchandise_n and_o commodity_n thence_o which_o wonderful_o enrich_v the_o city_n and_o increase_v the_o power_n of_o the_o citizen_n so_o that_o she_o be_v there_o term_v the_o strong_a and_o renown_a city_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o which_o be_v mighty_o inhabit_v by_o seaman_n and_o merchant_n who_o power_n and_o greatness_n in_o navigation_n and_o trade_n be_v describe_v by_o many_o particular_n in_o that_o chapter_n as_o first_o that_o her_o ship-timber_n be_v of_o the_o fir_n tree_n of_o hermon-hill_n and_o the_o mast_n thereof_o be_v of_o cedar_n and_o bring_v from_o lebanon_n and_o the_o oar_n thereof_o be_v of_o the_o oak_n of_o bashan_n the_o sail_n thereof_o be_v fine_a embroider_v linen_n bring_v from_o egypt_n and_o the_o cover_n or_o as_o seaman_n term_v it_o their_o awning_n be_v of_o blue_a silk_n and_o purple_n bring_v from_o the_o isle_n of_o elishah_n their_o mariner_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o sidon_n and_o arvad_n and_o their_o ship-master_n and_o pilot_n be_v the_o wise_a of_o the_o city_n and_o their_o carâ—enters_n shipwright_n and_o calker_n be_v the_o ancient_n of_o gebal_n and_o the_o wise_a man_n thereof_o and_o all_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o their_o mâ—…iners_n negotiate_v in_o she_o in_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchandise_n now_o those_o that_o trade_v hither_o and_o be_v the_o merchant_n thereof_o and_o the_o commodity_n for_o which_o they_o trade_v be_v also_o record_v there_o for_o the_o merchant_n of_o tarshish_n bring_v hither_o to_o the_o fair_n all_o rich_a commodity_n as_o siâ—ver_o iron_n tin_n lead_v the_o merchant_n of_o graecia_n italy_n and_o cappadocia_n furâ—ished_v it_o with_o slave_n for_o labour_n and_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o vessel_n of_o brass_n the_o merchant_n of_o togarmah_n bring_v hither_o to_o her_o mart_n horse_n and_o mule_n for_o carriage_n the_o merchant_n of_o dedan_n bring_v unicorn_n horn_n and_o elephant_n tooth_n the_o merchant_n of_o aram_n bring_v to_o her_o fair_n emerald_n coral_n pearl_n fine_a linen_n and_o purple_a embroider_v work_n the_o merchant_n of_o israel_n bring_v honey_n balm_n oil_n and_o wheat_n the_o merchant_n of_o damascus_n bring_v wine_n wool_n and_o multitude_n of_o other_o rich_a ware_n the_o merchant_n of_o dan_n and_o javan_n bring_v ironwork_n cassia_n calamus_fw-la the_o merchant_n of_o arabia_n furnish_v it_o with_o cattle_n of_o sheba_n and_o ramah_n with_o spice_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o gold_n and_o to_o conclude_v all_o the_o nation_n of_o those_o region_n be_v account_v the_o merchant_n that_o do_v traffic_v thither_o with_o all_o the_o riches_n of_o their_o several_a country_n and_o furnish_v the_o same_o with_o the_o best_a of_o their_o seaman_n and_o the_o principal_a of_o their_o ship_n for_o navigation_n but_o the_o holy_a prophet_n in_o lieu_n of_o their_o then_o greatness_n prophesy_v their_o future_a misery_n instead_o of_o their_o then_o riches_n prophesy_v their_o future_a poverty_n which_o be_v there_o record_v to_o have_v fall_v deserve_o upon_o this_o city_n and_o their_o inhabitant_n for_o glory_v in_o their_o own_o strength_n and_o opulence_n and_o for_o deride_v of_o the_o holy_a city_n of_o jerusalem_n by_o rejoice_v at_o the_o visitation_n and_o fall_n which_o god_n have_v be_v please_v to_o afflict_v she_o withal_o so_o that_o many_o year_n past_o the_o say_a prophecy_n have_v be_v in_o she_o fulfil_v as_o now_o we_o see_v it_o in_o these_o day_n to_o be_v for_o many_o nation_n have_v rise_v up_o against_o it_o and_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o seâ—_n have_v devour_v it_o the_o riches_n thereof_o be_v rob_v and_o the_o merchandise_n thereof_o be_v spoil_v the_o nation_n that_o have_v know_v the_o splendour_n of_o it_o be_v rise_v up_o in_o astonishment_n at_o it_o the_o waten_v have_v cover_v it_o and_o in_o fine_a the_o same_o be_v bring_v to_o nothing_o and_o shall_v never_o hereafter_o have_v a_o be_v which_o be_v full_o accomplish_v in_o every_o particular_a therefore_o let_v each_o flourish_a city_n of_o trade_n and_o every_o merchant_n exercise_v traffic_n take_v warning_n by_o their_o ruin_n and_o desolation_n and_o by_o their_o just_a and_o faithful_a deal_n and_o upright_a conversation_n endeavour_v to_o divert_v the_o wrath_n of_o god_n from_o the_o city_n of_o their_o habitation_n and_o have_v the_o sin_n of_o the_o tyrian_n ever_o in_o remembrance_n they_o may_v thereby_o hope_v to_o avoid_v their_o punishment_n now_o as_o for_o the_o country_n of_o judea_n i_o find_v not_o that_o it_o afford_v any_o eminent_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o these_o our_o day_n though_o otherwise_o it_o be_v famous_a in_o scripture_n in_o time_n past_a both_o for_o the_o city_n of_o bethleem_n where_o our_o saviour_n christ_n be_v bear_v and_o where_o it_o be_v find_v the_o innocent_n do_v suff_v for_o he_o ere_o he_o suffer_v for_o they_o jericho_n jericho_n and_o also_o for_o the_o city_n of_o jericho_n destroy_v by_o the_o sound_n of_o ram_n horn_n jerusalem_n jerusalem_n and_o last_o for_o jerusalem_n the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n build_v by_o melchisedeck_v prince_n and_o priest_n of_o salem_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o jebusite_n but_o since_o that_o time_n have_v be_v lay_v waste_v divers_a time_n and_o have_v again_o find_v new_a re-edifiers_a be_v now_o of_o little_a consequence_n here_o wâ—…_n that_o most_o magnificent_a temple_n build_v by_o solomon_n and_o the_o famous_a temple_n of_o the_o sepulchre_n 〈◊〉_d by_o helena_n daughter_n to_o coilus_n a_o british_a king_n and_o mother_n to_o constantine_n the_o great_a the_o ruin_n thereof_o be_v yet_o much_o resort_v unto_o both_o by_o protestant_n and_o papist_n though_o for_o sundry_a end_n which_o place_n afford_v now_o not_o any_o trade_n to_o any_o nation_n save_v to_o the_o jew_n who_o farm_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n this_o abovesaid_a temple_n at_o 80000_o sultany_n yearly_a and_o every_o pilgrim_n or_o other_o christian_a enter_v must_v pay_v 9_o
sultany_n to_o the_o say_a farmer_n for_o admittance_n so_o that_o the_o posterity_n of_o those_o jew_n make_v a_o a_o unrighteous_a gain_n and_o traffic_v by_o his_o death_n who_o unrighteoush_n their_o forefather_n occasion_v to_o die_v chap._n lxvii_o of_o armenia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o armenia_n armenia_n armenia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n media_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n euphrates_n and_o the_o euxine_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n tartary_n on_o the_o south_n mesopotamia_n the_o whâ—…_n country_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o province_n first_o colchis_n second_o georgia_n three_o tâ—comania_n colchis_n colchis_n colchis_n lie_v on_o the_o euaeine_v sea_n the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v christian_n hence_o do_v jason_n in_o the_o day_n of_o old_a steal_v the_o golden_a fleece_n dioscuria_n dioscuria_n and_o here_o be_v also_o see_v the_o ruin_n of_o that_o famous_a city_n dioscuria_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o foreign_a merchant_n from_o all_o coâ—treys_n that_o here_o frequent_v three_o hundred_o language_n be_v common_o speak_v and_o practise_v georgia_n georgia_n neither_o can_v i_o find_v in_o georgia_n erst_o call_v iberia_n any_o city_n of_o note_n for_o trading_n turcomania_n turcomania_n tucomania_n be_v also_o as_o barren_a in_o this_o kind_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o sundry_a author_n that_o out_o of_o this_o province_n be_v derive_v the_o name_n and_o original_a of_o the_o turk_n who_o here_o have_v their_o offspring_n and_o who_o within_o these_o three_o hundred_o year_n last_o pass_v have_v make_v themselves_o potent_a by_o their_o army_n turk_n the_o kingdom_n under_o the_o turk_n and_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o kingdom_n the_o present_a grand_fw-fr signior_n sultan_n amurath_n who_o in_o anno_fw-la 1623._o at_o my_o be_v at_o constantionople_n be_v proclaim_v emperor_n of_o that_o natâ—…_n have_v under_o his_o dominion_n and_o command_n in_o chief_a as_o sovereign_a of_o all_o these_o country_n first_o in_o europe_n he_o have_v dacia_n grecia_n all_o the_o aegean_a island_n and_o taurica_n chersonesus_n in_o asia_n he_o have_v the_o province_n before_o already_o describe_v also_o arabia_n syria_n media_n mesopotamia_n rhodes_n cyprus_n and_o other_o island_n and_o jastly_a in_o africa_n he_o have_v egypt_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tâ—…_n and_o argier_n and_o many_o other_o of_o lesser_a consequence_n and_o thus_o leave_v armenia_n my_o nert_a step_n be_v to_o arabia_n which_o come_v now_o to_o be_v handle_v chap._n lxviii_o of_o arabia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o arabia_n arabia_n arabia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o persian_a gulf_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o red-sea_n on_o the_o north_n with_o mesopotamia_n and_o palestina_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o ocean_n the_o inhabitaht_n be_v extreme_o addict_v to_o th_a this_o trade_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o maintenance_n the_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n arabia_n deserta_fw-la peâ—…osa_fw-la and_o felix_n deserta_fw-la deserta_fw-la arabia_n deserta_fw-la be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n wander_v for_o forty_o â—ears_n under_o the_o command_n of_o moses_n bolsora_n bolsora_n the_o most_o eminent_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v bolsora_n hereto_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o serve_v for_o a_o thoroughfare_a from_o arabia_n to_o aleppo_n and_o damascus_n sound_v a_o city_n of_o great_a concourse_n of_o many_o merchant_n and_o which_o do_v principal_o consist_v â—re_n upon_o the_o commodity_n bring_v hither_o from_o other_o country_n as_o of_o india_n and_o other_o part_n arabia_n than_o of_o any_o find_v here_o to_o be_v transport_v into_o other_o country_n the_o further_a trade_n treof_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n i_o omit_v this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o thievish_a life_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o general_a barrenness_n at_o infertility_n thereof_o some_o author_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o merchdize_n that_o the_o sandy_a desert_n be_v the_o sea_n of_o the_o arabian_a merchant_n the_o wild_a arab_n the_o pirate_n and_o their_o camel_n their_o ship_n usual_o carry_v 600_o pound_n for_o a_o ordinary_a burthe_n and_o so_o we_o find_v they_o do_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o our_o good_n and_o ware_n from_o scanderone_n to_o alâ—o_v and_o so_o back_o again_o a_o camel_n load_n be_v account_v ten_o clothes_n suffolk_n which_o by_o statute_n wâ—h_n 640_o l._n which_o with_o the_o pack_v may_v be_v 700_o l._n or_o else_o two_o barrel_n or_o chest_n of_o tin_n find_v to_o incirca_fw-la 600_o l._n and_o so_o in_o other_o commodity_n petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-la arabia_n petrosa_n i_o find_v not_o any_o city_n of_o trading_n ezion_n geber_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o reâ—ea_n where_o solomon_n navy_n keep_v station_n before_o the_o set_n out_o and_o at_o their_o return_n from_o oph_n be_v once_o a_o famous_a place_n and_o of_o great_a traffic_n though_o now_o it_o lie_v bury_v in_o its_o own_o ruin_n fellix_fw-la fellix_fw-la avabia_fw-la fellix_fw-la merchant_n shall_v be_v better_a welcome_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n so_o beneficial_a to_o â—eiâ—_n traffic_n as_o their_o commodity_n may_v be_v make_v for_o it_o be_v esteem_v the_o rich_a and_o pleasants_n part_n of_o all_o arabia_n and_o indeed_o of_o all_o asia_n abound_v with_o gold_n pearl_n balsam_n myrrh_n frarincense_n and_o many_o other_o precious_a drug_n mecha_n medina_n talnabi_n and_o mecha_n hâ—…_n be_v those_o two_o notable_o note_v town_n of_o medina_n and_o mecha_n the_o one_o the_o birthplace_n the_o other_o he_o bury_a place_n of_o mahomet_n who_o in_o his_o young_a year_n be_v a_o merchant_n and_o in_o his_o elder_n a_o cunning_a sophister_n where_o christian_n be_v forbid_v to_o enter_v lest_o they_o shall_v â—ee_n as_o some_o author_n allege_v the_o absurdity_n of_o the_o mahometan_a adoration_n of_o their_o great_a prophet_n sepulore_n who_o body_n enclose_v in_o a_o iron_n chest_n be_v say_v by_o a_o adamant_n to_o be_v draw_v up_o to_o the_o roof_n the_o temple_n where_o it_o hang_v but_o herein_o many_o of_o they_o be_v and_o have_v be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n â—eceived_v for_o myself_o and_o other_o merchant_n that_o have_v for_o some_o term_n of_o time_n reside_v in_o turkâ—_n and_o special_o in_o constantinople_n know_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o grand_a signior_n do_v yearly_o send_v carpet_n or_o rather_o tomb-cloth_n of_o green_a velvet_n to_o cover_v the_o say_a sepulchre_n the_o old_a be_v then_o take_v away_o and_o account_v the_o fee_n and_o vail_n of_o their_o priest_n and_o clergyman_n that_o atten_v thereon_o who_o cut_v the_o same_o into_o several_a piece_n and_o sell_v it_o to_o the_o superstitious_a at_o extreme_a rate_n for_o precious_a relic_n the_o tomb_n itself_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o temple_n build_v in_o mecha_n of_o nogreat_a magnificence_n or_o beauty_n save_o the_o cost_n daily_o bestow_v thereupon_o in_o lamp_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n wherein_o there_o be_v balsam_n and_o other_o such_o rich_a odour_n ointment_n and_o oil_n continual_o burn_v and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o firm_a ground_n and_o not_o in_o the_o air_n as_o above_o be_v say_v and_o inclosod_a within_o a_o iron-grate_n wherein_o some_o by_o favour_n be_v permit_v to_o enter_v from_o some_o of_o who_o i_o have_v have_v this_o relation_n as_o be_v by_o divers_a turk_n that_o i_o have_v know_v and_o that_o have_v see_v it_o and_o report_v it_o to_o be_v so_o and_o no_o otherwise_o this_o large_a circuit_n of_o ground_n have_v not_o afford_v i_o muda_fw-la matter_n of_o trade_n worthy_a observation_n that_o hitherto_o have_v come_v to_o my_o hand_n the_o most_o pertinent_a and_o eminent_a place_n be_v mocha_n the_o seaport_n of_o the_o say_v mecha_n abovenamed_a and_o aden_n both_o on_o the_o red-sea_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o a_o word_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v gather_v and_o then_o i_o will_v conclude_v chap._n lxix_o of_o mocha_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o mocha_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mocha_n or_o muchi_n as_o some_o name_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o red-sea_n almost_o opposite_a to_o zuachen_n that_o famous_a city_n of_o trade_n on_o the_o african_a shore_n and_o serve_v as_o the_o port_n and_o scale_n to_o meâ—ha_n the_o birthplace_n of_o mahomet_n the_o famous_a prophet_n of_o these_o countryman_n much_o here_o resort_v unto_o by_o turk_n moor_n arabian_n and_o other_o nation_n profess_v this_o superstitious_a religion_n it_o be_v frequent_v by_o divers_a merchant_n especial_o arabian_n and_o egyptian_n that_o take_v it_o in_o their_o way_n to_o aden_n ormus_n india_n or_o the_o like_a and_o also_o much_o frequent_v by_o mahometan_a pilgrim_n who_o in_o blind_a devotion_n come_v this_o way_n to_o mecha_n to_o pay_v their_o vow_n to_o their_o ungodly_a patron_n mocha_n coin_n in_o mocha_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o grand_a
signior_n and_o acknowledge_v his_o coin_n for_o current_n in_o this_o place_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n which_o be_v the_o asper_n common_a with_o all_o turkey_n whereof_o 60_o be_v here_o account_v for_o a_o rial_n of_o 8_o â—_o spanish_a a_o hundred_o be_v account_v for_o a_o soltany_n chequin_n or_o xeriff_n the_o common_a gold_n here_o current_a 8_o sh_n sterling_n mocha_n weight_n in_o mocha_n their_o weight_n here_o use_v partake_v also_o somewhat_o of_o the_o common_a weight_n in_o appellation_n 〈◊〉_d throughout_o all_o turkey_n which_o be_v the_o dram_n 10_o whereof_o be_v account_v here_o a_o ounce_n 14_o ounce_n be_v a_o rotolo_n 24_o rotol_n be_v a_o fracello_n which_o be_v 25_o l._n 12_o ounce_n english_a 15_o fracellos_n make_v a_o cantar_n or_o as_o they_o term_v it_o 1_o babar_n make_v english_a incirca_fw-la 386_o l._n mocha_n measure_n in_o mocha_n the_o measure_n here_o be_v the_o pico_n account_v incirca_fw-la 26½_n inch_n english_a other_o note_n have_v fall_v into_o my_o hand_n of_o this_o place_n therefore_o hence_o i_o will_v bend_v my_o course_n to_o aden_n chap._n lxx_o of_o aden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o aden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o aden_n be_v the_o strong_a and_o fair_a town_n of_o arabia_n foelix_n situate_v in_o a_o valley_n and_o iâ—ompassed_v most_o part_n with_o hill_n of_o marble_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v conceive_v it_o never_o rainen_n it_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o read-sea_n reach_v 60_o mile_n further_o inward_a than_o the_o opposite_a cape_n gardefuâ—_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o five_o strong_a castle_n keep_v by_o garrison_n and_o within_o late_a year_n surprise_v by_o the_o bashaw_n of_o egypt_n for_o the_o grand_a signior_n in_o who_o obeâ—ence_n it_o now_o quiet_o remain_v by_o the_o death_n and_o slaughter_n of_o the_o natural_a sovereign_a thereâ—…_n it_o be_v now_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n from_o a_o firm_a land_n become_v a_o island_n and_o yet_o command_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o governor_n seat_v on_o a_o adjoin_a hill_n it_o be_v account_v to_o have_v 6000_o house_n in_o it_o inhabit_v by_o sundry_a nation_n or_o more_o piper_o a_o miscellany_n of_o indian_n persian_n aethiopian_n arabian_n and_o turk_n which_o here_o do_v reâ—de_v for_o the_o benefiâ—_n of_o that_o great_a trade_n and_o commerce_n that_o be_v exercise_v in_o this_o city_n the_o portugâ—lt_n have_v once_o get_v the_o possession_n thereof_o and_o be_v master_n of_o it_o for_o some_o few_o year_n but_o find_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o garrison_n to_o exceed_v the_o benefit_n afford_v by_o the_o trade_n and_o neighbour_a câ—…fines_n they_o willing_o surrender_v the_o place_n to_o a_o moor_n who_o pay_v they_o for_o some_o year_n certaâ—_n tribute_n they_o seat_v as_o a_o sovereign_a to_o command_v the_o same_o who_o rule_v here_o till_o the_o turk_n câ—me_v to_o be_v master_n thereof_o this_o city_n be_v now_o the_o principal_a magazine_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o persia_n india_n and_o arâ—bia_n and_o afford_v natural_o great_a store_n of_o drug_n as_o myrrh_n balsam_n manna_n and_o many_o sort_n of_o spice_n the_o heat_n of_o this_o place_n be_v so_o excessive_a in_o the_o day_n time_n that_o all_o the_o bargain_n and_o contract_v make_v here_o among_o merchant_n be_v do_v by_o night_n as_o the_o cool_v season_n to_o effect_v the_o same_o now_o for_o the_o coin_n here_o current_a the_o weight_n and_o measure_n here_o in_o use_n and_o other_o needful_a further_a observation_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o be_o enforce_v to_o be_v silent_a in_o and_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o more_o experience_a to_o be_v hereafter_o add_v as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v here_o unto_o chap_n lxxi_o of_o assyria_n mesopotamia_n and_o chaldea_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o chaldea_n assyria_n mesopotamia_n and_o chaldea_n a_o ssyria_n have_v on_o the_o east_n media_n on_o the_o west_n mesopotamia_n on_o the_o north_n armenia_n minor_fw-la on_o the_o fouth_z a_o part_n of_o persia_n in_o which_o i_o find_v no_o city_n at_o present_a of_o any_o note_n here_o be_v see_v to_o this_o day_n the_o ruin_n of_o that_o niniuâ—h_n who_o wall_n be_v of_o three_o day_n journey_n in_o compass_n about_o one_o hundred_o foot_n high_a and_o thirty_o foot_n broad_a and_o beautify_v with_o 1500_o tower_n of_o 200_o foothigh_a through_o which_o run_v that_o famous_a river_n of_o euphrates_n and_o to_o which_o place_n be_v ionas_n send_v to_o preach_v here_o be_v 120000_o person_n sound_v so_o ignorant_a in_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n that_o they_o be_v say_v in_o scripture_n not_o to_o know_v the_o right_a hand_n from_o the_o left_a mesopotamia_n mesopotamia_n in_o mesopotamia_n be_v seat_v caramit_n a_o famous_a town_n and_o bashaw-like_a of_o the_o grand_a signior_n who_o commerce_n be_v unknown_a unto_o we_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o situation_n in_o genesis_n 12._o it_o be_v call_v padan_n haran_n and_o be_v the_o place_n where_o abraham_n dwell_v after_o he_o have_v lest_o ur_fw-la and_o in_o this_o country_n be_v abraham_n bear_v and_o to_o which_o place_n he_o send_v his_o servant_n to_o choose_v a_o wife_n for_o his_o son_n isaac_n paradise_n paradise_n and_o here_o in_o some_o author_n opinion_n which_o in_o this_o description_n i_o follow_v do_v paradise_n stand_v chaldea_n chaldea_n in_o chaldea_n we_o find_v many_o city_n to_o have_v be_v of_o old_a and_o among_o other_o babel_n famous_a for_o the_o confusion_n of_o language_n that_o here_o happen_v in_o build_v that_o stupendous_a edifice_n which_o be_v raise_v 5164_o pace_n high_a and_o which_o have_v its_o basis_n and_o circumference_n equal_a to_o that_o height_n badgate_n babylon_n now_o badgate_n it_o be_v now_o much_o lessen_v of_o its_o ancient_a greatness_n and_o from_o babel_n it_o become_v first_o babylon_n and_o now_o badgate_n a_o bashaw-like_a of_o the_o grand_a signior_n through_o which_o run_v the_o river_n euphrates_n which_o be_v in_o part_n the_o cause_n of_o her_o present_a traffic_n which_o daily_o be_v find_v to_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o help_n of_o aleppo_n where_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o intercourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o the_o commodity_n of_o caravan_n and_o intelligence_n of_o pigeon_n carry_v letter_n a_o neighbour-like_a commerce_n badgate_n oftentimes_o vend_v into_o the_o land_n what_o aleppo_n do_v receive_v by_o sea_n chap_n lxxii_o of_o babylon_n now_o badgate_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o babylon_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o babylon_n now_o badgate_n be_v at_o first_o found_v by_o nimrod_n but_o never_o finish_v till_o that_o warlike_a semiramis_n take_v it_o in_o hand_n who_o wall_n be_v 60_o mile_n in_o circuit_n 200_o foot_n high_a and_o 75_o broad_a seat_v upon_o the_o river_n euphrates_n in_o those_o day_n a_o fair_a and_o beautiful_a city_n now_o have_v almost_o lose_v all_o that_o splendour_n and_o glory_n it_o then_o just_o boast_v of_o many_o famous_a accident_n have_v here_o happen_v here_o die_v alexander_n the_o great_a after_o which_o his_o body_n lie_v eight_o day_n ere_o his_o ambitious_a captain_n can_v have_v leisure_n to_o give_v it_o a_o fit_a burial_n here_o it_o be_v also_o say_v that_o when_o this_o place_n be_v take_v by_o zopyrus_n the_o macedonian_a with_o his_o grecian_n it_o be_v full_a three_o day_n ere_o one_o part_n thereof_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o conquest_n since_o which_o it_o have_v be_v subject_a to_o several_a sovereign_n and_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o town_n of_o very_o great_a traffic_n between_o which_o be_v aleppo_n be_v many_o caravan_n find_v to_o travel_v with_o many_o thousand_o camel_n lade_v with_o sundry_a commodity_n the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o india_n bring_v from_o ormus_n by_o sea_n to_o balsara_n seat_v as_o the_o maritime_a port_n of_o the_o city_n in_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o so_o up_o the_o river_n euphrates_n hither_o and_o hence_o to_o aleppo_n damascus_n and_o other_o country_n which_o again_o return_v they_o in_o exchange_v the_o commodity_n of_o turkey_n egypt_n and_o europe_n carrier_n pigeon_n letter_n or_o news_n carrier_n in_o this_o country_n and_o general_o through_o many_o part_n of_o turkey_n they_o have_v a_o custom_n to_o give_v advice_n of_o their_o affair_n by_o pigeon_n who_o serve_v merchant_n here_o for_o post_n and_o hereby_o the_o english_a be_v find_v in_o aleppo_n to_o have_v advice_n from_o alexandretta_n which_o be_v account_v 100_o mile_n in_o 24_o hour_n and_o hereby_o the_o caravan_n here_o travel_v give_v from_o time_n to_o time_n advice_n of_o their_o journey_n and_o success_n which_o be_v do_v in_o this_o manner_n when_o the_o hen_n dove_n sit_v and_o have_v young_a they_o take_v the_o cock_n pigeon_n and_o put_v he_o into_o a_o cage_n who_o when_o he_o be_v by_o the_o garavan_n carry_v a_o day_n journey_n off_o they_o
set_v at_o liberty_n and_o he_o straight_o fly_v home_o to_o his_o mate_n when_o by_o degree_n they_o be_v thus_o perfect_o teach_v the_o carrier_n and_o merchant_n on_o any_o accident_n fasten_v a_o letter_n about_o one_o of_o their_o neck_n and_o they_o be_v free_v without_o any_o stay_n hasten_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v bring_v and_o such_o as_o at_o home_n do_v watch_v their_o return_n climb_v their_o hole_n and_o take_v away_o their_o letter_n be_v certify_v of_o the_o mind_n of_o their_o friend_n or_o any_o other_o tiding_n after_o a_o very_a speedy_a manner_n babylon_n commodity_n of_o babylon_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o common_a commodity_n before_o nominate_v in_o aleppo_n babylon_n coin_n of_o babylon_n and_o their_o coin_n current_a be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v find_v throughout_o turkey_n as_o subject_a to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sovereign_n but_o the_o coin_n of_o persia_n be_v find_v here_o likewise_o to_o pass_v current_n for_o their_o value_n and_o so_o do_v also_o their_o gold_n without_o exception_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a custom_n in_o trade_n that_o frontier_n town_n of_o trade_n admit_v the_o coin_n of_o the_o border_a inhabitant_n and_o region_n babylon_n weight_n of_o babylon_n the_o weight_n of_o babylon_n know_v among_o we_o be_v the_o dram_n mitigal_a rotolo_n and_o cantar_n their_o rotolo_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v 1_o l._n 10_o ounce_n english_a and_o our_o 112_o l._n english_a have_v make_v here_o 68_o rotolo_n their_o measure_n in_o length_n common_a in_o this_o place_n be_v the_o pico_n find_v to_o be_v by_o trial_n about_o 27_o inch_n english_a to_o conclude_v this_o country_n relation_n from_o hence_o come_v the_o three_o wise_a man_n call_v of_o the_o east_n who_o worship_v christ_n and_o present_v he_o with_o gift_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n hereof_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o astronomy_n and_o astrology_n and_o therefore_o hence_o have_v all_o such_o the_o title_n of_o childeans_n and_o for_o other_o matter_n of_o trade_n here_o be_v only_o find_v the_o famous_a town_n of_o mosull_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n euphrates_n abound_v with_o the_o forest_n of_o gall_n so_o much_o require_v and_o request_v by_o divers_a throughout_o the_o world_n and_o now_o to_o media_n chap._n lxxiii_o of_o media_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o media_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o media_n be_v limit_v on_o the_o east_n with_o parthia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o armenia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o persia_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n be_v absolute_o the_o great_a sea_n of_o all_o other_o that_o have_v no_o commerce_n with_o the_o ocean_n by_o some_o call_v the_o hyrcanian_a sea_n and_o by_o some_o the_o sea_n bacchu_n of_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n thereon_o border_v sultania_n sultania_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o country_n be_v sultania_n famous_a for_o the_o fair_a mosque_n in_o the_o east_n sumachia_n the_o strong_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n take_v by_o the_o turk_n in_o anno_fw-la 1578_o and_o now_o the_o seat_n of_o 2_o turkish_a bashaw_n ever_o be_v ardovile_n shervan_n bacchu_n and_o some_o other_o tauris_n tauris_n and_o last_o the_o most_o eminent_a tauris_n of_o the_o trade_n hereof_o see_v hereafter_o likewise_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v comprehend_v the_o province_n of_o albania_n now_o zairia_n little_o behold_v to_o the_o industry_n or_o labour_n of_o the_o husbandman_n yet_o of_o its_o own_o accord_n yield_v for_o once_o sow_v most_o time_n two_o and_o sometime_o there_o reaping_n derbent_fw-la derbent_fw-la the_o chief_a city_n be_v caucasiae_n portae_n build_v hard_o upon_o the_o hill_n caucasus_n one_o of_o the_o best_a fortify_v town_n of_o the_o east_n now_o call_v derbent_v a_o strong_a city_n environ_v with_o two_o wall_n and_o fortify_v with_o iron_n gate_n yet_o nevertheless_o take_v it_o be_v by_o the_o grand_a signior_n in_o his_o last_o war_n against_o the_o persian_n under_o who_o command_n it_o now_o remain_v be_v now_o account_v one_o of_o the_o key_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o the_o common_a entrance_n into_o persia_n and_o last_o in_o this_o country_n phidon_n a_o argive_a in_fw-la anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 3146._o be_v say_v to_o find_v out_o the_o use_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n which_o knowledge_n and_o concordance_n by_o this_o tract_n i_o covet_v to_o obtain_v sotile_a the_o weight_n of_o derbent_n be_v the_o moâ—e_n which_o be_v 3_o l._n 11_o ounce_n venice_n sotile_a and_o to_o conclude_v a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n in_o the_o general_a i_o find_v that_o the_o moscovia_n company_n be_v the_o first_o that_o seek_v the_o knowledge_n thereof_o in_o these_o part_n for_o upon_o their_o discovery_n of_o moscovia_n they_o trade_v down_o the_o river_n volga_n to_o astracan_a and_o thence_o in_o bark_n sail_v with_o their_o english_a commodity_n to_o bacchu_n derbent_n and_o other_o place_n on_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o since_o some_o of_o the_o east-india_n company_n have_v more_o narrow_o trace_v it_o and_o have_v observe_v the_o same_o more_o particular_o the_o principal_a commodity_n proceed_v hence_o be_v the_o raw_a silk_n make_v at_o gilan_n zahaspa_n rastiguan_n chiulfal_n and_o other_o now_o know_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o persia_n ardasse_o and_o lege_fw-la silk_n and_o from_o this_o last_o the_o dealer_n in_o silk_n here_o be_v throughout_o asia_n common_o term_v chiulfallins_n chap._n lxxiv_o of_o tauris_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o tauris_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tauris_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o media_n and_o the_o summer_n seat_n of_o the_o persian_a sophy_n contain_v 16_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o include_v 100_o thousand_o inhabitant_n it_o have_v within_o late_a year_n be_v three_o time_n conquer_v by_o the_o turk_n and_o have_v as_o often_o again_o return_v to_o the_o persian_n under_o who_o now_o it_o rest_v first_o by_o selimus_n then_o by_o solyman_n the_o magnificent_a and_o last_o by_o osman_n general_n to_o amurath_n the_o three_o it_o be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o persian_a and_o strong_o fortify_v and_o seat_v in_o a_o cold_a yet_o wholesome_a country_n the_o inhabitant_n more_o addict_v to_o make_v of_o silk_n than_o to_o the_o sword_n distant_a six_o day_n journey_n from_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o indeed_o encompass_v by_o several_a great_a town_n of_o note_n who_o manual_a labour_n be_v famous_v over_o the_o world_n as_o first_o ever_o be_v whence_o come_v the_o fine_a silk_n call_v the_o mamodean_a now_o out_o of_o use_n bilan_n gilan_n and_o bilan_n the_o gilan_n abound_v with_o lege_fw-la silk_n sumachia_n sumachia_n sumachia_n abound_v in_o excellent_a carpet_n whereto_o the_o people_n whole_o addict_v themselves_o arasse_n arasse_n then_o arasse_n the_o most_o eminent_a and_o opulent_a city_n in_o the_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n throughout_o all_o servania_n partly_o by_o the_o abundant_a growth_n of_o silk_n there_o nourish_v and_o hence_o call_v arasse_n vulgar_o ardasse_v 2000_o sum_n yearly_o go_v hence_o to_o aleppo_n in_o syria_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o growth_n thereof_o gall_n cotton_n wool_n allom_n some_o spice_n drug_n and_o sundry_a other_o commodity_n so_o that_o to_o make_v this_o place_n the_o happy_a scale_n of_o merchandise_n nature_n have_v play_v heâ—_n part_n there_o want_v only_a peace_n between_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n and_o turkey_n which_o at_o present_a be_v deny_v they_o the_o further_a manner_n of_o trade_n of_o that_o place_n i_o be_o constrain_v for_o want_v of_o due_a information_n to_o omit_v and_o refer_v what_o i_o have_v thereof_o collect_v to_o persia_n chap._n lxxv_o of_o persia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o persia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o persia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n indus_n on_o the_o west_n with_o tigris_n and_o the_o persian_a gulf_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o the_o river_n oxus_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o main_a ocean_n the_o people_n be_v much_o addict_v to_o hospitality_n and_o poetry_n in_o their_o compliment_n lordly_a in_o their_o apparel_n fantastical_a in_o their_o expense_n magnificent_a and_o in_o their_o life_n lover_n of_o learning_n nobility_n and_o peace_n this_o empire_n contain_v these_o several_a province_n 1_o persis_n 2_o susiana_n 3_o caramania_n 4_o gedrosia_n 5_o drangiania_n 6_o arica_n 7_o arachosia_n 8_o parapomisus_n 9_o saccha_fw-la 10_o hyrcania_n 11_o ormus_n of_o all_o which_o in_o brief_a and_o no_o further_a than_o may_v concern_v my_o present_a purpose_n far._n persis_n far._n in_o persis_n now_o call_v far_o have_v the_o gulf_n of_o persia_n to_o the_o south_n limit_n caramania_n for_o the_o east_n susiana_n for_o the_o west_n and_o media_n for_o the_o north_n be_v seat_v persepolis_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o this_o empire_n
persia_n but_o also_o of_o those_o of_o arabia_n turkey_n india_n and_o china_n hither_o bring_v in_o great_a abundance_n to_o be_v exchange_v for_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o this_o place_n and_o though_o it_o want_v the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o by_o caravan_n it_o be_v supply_v with_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v conducible_a either_o to_o beauty_n necessity_n or_o ornament_n the_o caspian_a sea_n afford_v it_o the_o commodity_n of_o turkey_n russia_n and_o moscovia_n and_o jasque_n with_o ormus_n his_o two_o seaport_n in_o india_n afford_v it_o the_o commodity_n of_o india_n and_o arabia_n all_o other_o commodity_n from_o either_o the_o turk_n or_o mogul_n be_v supply_v by_o caravan_n dromedary_n and_o camel_n which_o have_v cost_v by_o late_a observation_n in_o portage_n and_o carriage_n of_o commodity_n thus_o caravan_n carriage_n of_o commodity_n by_o caravan_n the_o carriage_n of_o 100_o maunds_z of_o ware_n from_o sciras_n to_o hispahan_n co_v 70_o sâ—hids_n and_o from_o spahan_n to_o casan_n 60_o sehid_n from_o hispahan_n to_o ormus_n by_o sciras_n 120_o sehid_n and_o from_o hispahan_n to_o tauris_n 40_o sehid_n spahan_n price_n common_a of_o commodity_n in_o spahan_n the_o common_a commodity_n of_o hispahan_n i_o have_v already_o nominate_v and_o though_o all_o commodity_n in_o general_n be_v subject_a to_o rise_v and_o fall_v in_o price_n among_o merchant_n yet_o the_o maund_v of_o cotton_n be_v here_o at_o 12_o sehid_n the_o maund_v of_o rice_n 7_o beste_n the_o maund_v of_o dragant_a 2_o beste_n of_o enap_n 2_o beste_n of_o non_fw-fr 3_o beste_n of_o laghem_n 4_o beste_n of_o anil_n 40_o mambody_v and_o the_o catree_n of_o sugar_n be_v worth_a 400_o toman_o which_o be_v pound_n english_a persia_n coin_n current_a in_o persia_n their_o coin_n current_a in_o hispahan_n and_o general_o throughout_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o sophy_n be_v of_o several_a sort_n partly_o of_o brass_n partly_o of_o silver_n and_o partly_o of_o gold_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v the_o toman_n which_o former_o have_v be_v account_v to_o be_v worth_a 6_o l._n sterling_n since_o 4_o l._n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o late_a war_n embase_v and_o worth_a now_o only_o 3_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n at_o seaside_n sterling_n and_o by_o some_o account_v 3_o l._n 12_o s._n 6_o d._n this_o toman_n be_v worth_a 200_o shahed_n or_o shahee_n 14½_n or_o 15_o â„ž_o â—_o â—_o span._n or_o 10_o asure_n which_o have_v be_v account_v 4_o l._n star_z a_o piece_n a_o mamothy_n of_o silver_n be_v 2½_n bestee_n of_o copper_n the_o rial_n of_o 〈◊〉_d span._n be_v here_o account_v for_o 12_o shahee_n and_o 1_o cosbeg_n or_o 5¼_n lorin_n the_o lion_n dollar_n current_n in_o these_o part_n to_o 10_o shahee_n every_o shahee_n be_v 4_o d._n sterling_a or_o 50_o denier_n here_o in_o account_n a_o rupias_n which_o be_v the_o coin_n of_o the_o mogul_n be_v abashee_n 4¼_n which_o be_v 2_o s._n 3_o do_v sterling_a a_o mamothy_n be_v 9_o cosbeg_n or_o 32_o door_n or_o 100_o denier_n a_o bestee_n of_o copper_n be_v 4_o cosbeg_n or_o 20_o denier_n an_fw-mi abaisee_fw-mi of_o silver_n be_v 2_o mamothies_n or_o 20_o shahee_n or_o 200_o denier_n a_o chequin_n of_o gold_n xeriff_n or_o solton_n be_v 18½_n shahees_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n of_o persia_n they_o pass_v for_o 20_o shahee_n and_o in_o some_o for_o 24_o shahee_n a_o azure_a of_o gold_n be_v 20_o shahee_n and_o 10_o asure_n be_v a_o tomano_n 3_o l_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n sterling_a a_o larin_n be_v 5½_n shahees_n and_o in_o some_o place_n only_o 5_o about_o 10_o d._n or_o 10½_n d._n sterling_a here_o 25_o cosbeg_n a_o fonan_n be_v 9_o cupan_n a_o mitigal_n be_v 32½_n or_o 34_o shahee_n a_o sadee_n be_v 40_o floss_n a_o shahee_n be_v 10_o cosbeg_n a_o mitigal_n be_v 33½_n and_o in_o some_o place_n 34_o shahee_n a_o tanger_n be_v 12_o pull_v which_o be_v shahees_n persia_n account_n keep_v in_o persia_n they_o here_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o sundry_a species_n and_o denomination_n some_o in_o xeriff_n some_o in_o spanish_a rial_n and_o some_o in_o toman_o and_o some_o in_o shahee_n the_o common_a account_n be_v thus_o distinguish_v the_o abashee_n be_v 200_o denier_n or_o 20_o shahee_n mamothy_n be_v 100_o denier_n or_o 10_o shahee_n sadon_n be_v 50_o denier_n or_o 5_o shahee_n viste_n be_v 20_o denier_n or_o 2_o shahee_n cosbeg_n be_v 5_o denier_n and_o those_o that_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o shahee_n only_o they_o reckon_v they_o to_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o hundred_o thousand_o as_o the_o proper_a know_a coin_n of_o the_o country_n and_o this_o manner_n have_v seem_v the_o best_a to_o our_o english_a there_o resident_a which_o they_o account_v 60_o shahee_n for_o 20_o s._n sterling_a persia_n weight_n current_a in_o persia_n the_o weight_n of_o persia_n be_v consistent_a of_o three_o sort_n of_o the_o dram_n the_o mitigal_a and_o the_o man_v or_o mandshow_v the_o dram_n be_v the_o least_o 100_o whereof_o make_v 66â…”_n mitigals_o the_o mitigal_a be_v the_o next_o 100_o whereof_o make_v 150â…”_n dram_fw-la the_o man_v or_o mandeshaw_n be_v the_o great_a and_o make_v 1200_o mitigal_n or_o else_o 1800_o dram_fw-la which_o have_v make_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o some_o factor_n that_o have_v reside_v there_o 14_o l._n 9_o ounce_n averdupois_n the_o sum_n or_o cargo_n of_o silk_n be_v account_v here_o 36_o mandshaws_n which_o account_v as_o above_o makes_z english_z 524_o l_o averdupois_n and_o be_v great_a pound_n of_o 24_o ounce_n incirca_fw-la 350_o l._n but_o the_o east-india_n company_n find_v it_o to_o be_v 300_o great_a silk_n pound_n and_o no_o more_o by_o often_o trial_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o mandeshaw_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v in_o many_o province_n and_o city_n in_o persia_n and_o the_o border_a country_n and_o do_v differ_v in_o many_o commodity_n but_o the_o mandeshaw_n common_a of_o persia_n be_v 1200_o dram_n for_o silk_n the_o mandeshaw_n of_o tauris_n be_v but_o 600_o dram_n the_o mandeshaw_n of_o syrrat_n be_v 5_o maunds_z of_o tauris_n abovenamed_a the_o maund_v of_o hispahan_n be_v account_v one_o and_o half_o man_v of_o sirrah_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v these_o weight_n in_o some_o place_n 1_o dubba_o be_v count_v 5_o maunds_z 1_o sherway_n be_v count_v 50_o maunds_z 1_o rellaii_n be_v count_v 7_o maunds_z 1_o maund_v be_v count_v by_o observation_n pound_n english_a in_o tauris_n also_o beforenamed_n a_o city_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o great_a trade_n in_o this_o country_n they_o have_v 〈◊〉_d maunds_z the_o one_o of_o silk_n which_o have_v make_v by_o a_o florentine_n observation_n 5â—_n l._n florence_n and_o another_o for_o all_o other_o commodity_n the_o 100_o whereof_o have_v make_v there_o by_o the_o say_a observation_n 264_o l._n florence_n persia_n measure_n use_v in_o persia_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n use_v in_o persia_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n and_o both_o of_o they_o call_v a_o covedo_n a_o long_a and_o a_o short_a the_o long_o account_v to_o be_v 37½_n inch_n english_a measure_n the_o short_a account_v to_o be_v 27_o inch_n english_a measure_n agreeable_a to_o the_o pico_n of_o turkey_n this_o be_v what_o i_o find_v observable_a in_o the_o particular_a trade_n of_o persia_n i_o will_v now_o view_v it_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o general_a part_n thereof_o chap._n lxxxii_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o persia_n persia_n the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o persia_n the_o trade_n of_o persia_n as_o it_o be_v find_v subsistent_n in_o these_o day_n consist_v more_o by_o a_o inland_n than_o a_o maritime_a traffic_n for_o if_o the_o large_a extent_n of_o the_o sophie_n dominion_n be_v well_o consider_v and_o the_o neighbour_a region_n whereon_o it_o border_v it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o it_o want_v many_o thing_n to_o make_v it_o eminent_a it_o be_v plentiful_o supply_v of_o commodity_n and_o those_o also_o of_o excellency_n as_o of_o silver_n in_o great_a quantity_n raw_a silk_n in_o abundance_n and_o of_o some_o drug_n natural_o grow_v but_o when_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o native_n be_v survey_v it_o will_v be_v soon_o discern_v that_o the_o costly_a rare_a and_o rich_a carpet_n here_o make_v the_o curious_a and_o fine_a cotton_n clothes_n here_o wrought_v for_o their_o turban_n girdle_n sash_n shireing_n and_o the_o like_a interweave_v with_o silk_n and_o not_o seldom_o with_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o the_o daily_a use_n thereof_o not_o only_o in_o persia_n itself_o but_o throughout_o india_n arabia_n and_o turkey_n witness_n to_o the_o world_n the_o ingeniousness_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o great_a want_n and_o impediment_n of_o trade_n that_o they_o have_v here_o be_v of_o seaport_n and_o havens_n of_o which_o they_o be_v much_o scant_v they_o enjoy_v once_o a_o large_a tract_n of_o
be_v the_o same_o as_o be_v current_a throughout_o turkey_n save_v that_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o tartary_n and_o muscovia_n make_v the_o coin_n of_o those_o place_n and_o kingdom_n likewise_o pass_v current_n there_o as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o all_o frontier_n town_n which_o border_n upon_o two_o nation_n and_o that_o be_v either_o free_a of_o themselves_o or_o subject_n to_o other_o therefore_o for_o the_o same_o i_o will_v reset_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o coin_n current_a in_o those_o border_a country_n caffa_n the_o weight_n of_o caffa_n their_o weight_n be_v a_o rotolo_n 100_o whereof_o make_v a_o cantar_n which_o answer_v in_o averdupois_n weight_n to_o 70_o l._n english_a which_o say_v cantar_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a division_n according_a to_o the_o commodity_n buy_v or_o sell_v thereby_o as_o sometime_o to_o batmas_n account_v 7½_n batmas_n to_o a_o cantar_n and_o 12_o rotolo_n to_z a_o batma_n and_o then_o a_o cantar_n be_v but_o 90_o rotolo_n and_o sometime_o to_o somma_n and_o saggy_n as_o 124_o saggy_n make_v a_o summa_fw-it and_o ten_o somma_n make_v a_o cantar_n of_o 100_o rotolo_n abovesaid_a and_o silk_n be_v sell_v by_o this_o summa_fw-it and_o 20_o somma_n to_o a_o draught_n which_o be_v 2_o cantars_n and_o be_v english_a about_o 140_o l._n and_o in_o venetia_n sotile_a weight_n 112_o l._n circa_fw-la caffa_n the_o measure_n of_o caffa_n their_o measure_n so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v be_v but_o one_o which_o be_v the_o pico_n the_o 100_o whereof_o make_v in_o venetia_n by_o trial_n of_o a_o friend_n silk_n brace_n 130_o and_o this_o pico_n be_v divide_v into_o 8_o rup_n as_o at_o constantinople_n caffa_n account_n in_o caffa_n they_o have_v also_o a_o coin_n which_o be_v call_v a_o summa_fw-it in_o which_o their_o account_n be_v keep_v and_o to_o which_o other_o coin_n current_a be_v reduce_v and_o the_o same_o be_v divide_v to_o saggis_n which_o they_o account_v by_o 45_o saggis_n to_o a_o summa_fw-it and_o 4_o sum_n to_o a_o soltany_n or_o chequin_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o the_o trade_n of_o caffa_n chap._n lxxxv_o of_o astracan_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o astracan_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o astracan_a be_v in_o tartary_n asiatica_fw-la as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o seat_v in_o the_o emboshure_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n have_v 70_o month_n and_o receive_v the_o trade_n of_o all_o the_o caspian-sea_n into_o which_o the_o say_a river_n enter_v it_o have_v a_o very_a great_a confluence_n of_o merchant_n who_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o that_o sea_n have_v here_o a_o very_a great_a trade_n volga_n bring_v it_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o muscovia_n russia_n and_o tartary_n and_o this_o sea_n the_o commodity_n of_o persia_n arabia_n and_o other_o province_n abut_a thereupon_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o a_o island_n of_o 12_o league_n compass_v defend_v by_o a_o wooden_a castle_n and_o earthen_a wall_n take_v by_o the_o muscovite_n in_o anno_fw-la 1552._o from_o the_o tartarian_n it_o be_v all_o winter_n shut_v up_o by_o the_o immeasurable_a cold_a and_o all_o traffic_n over_o and_o upon_o this_o great_a stream_n be_v perform_v on_o dry_a foot_n the_o coin_n here_o current_a by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v astracan_a the_o weight_n of_o astracan_a their_o weight_n be_v here_o two_o a_o gross_a for_o gross_a commodity_n and_o a_o sotile_a for_o fine_a commodity_n the_o gross_a catarrh_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v in_o england_n yield_v 268_o l._n the_o small_a cantar_n have_v make_v english_a 103_o l._n now_o in_o both_o these_o cantars_n there_n be_v account_v 20_o rotolo_n to_o a_o lib_n and_o 5_o lib_n to_o a_o cantar_n and_o 12_o tochat_n to_o a_o rotolo_n which_o by_o the_o ingenious_a may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o sotile_a english_a pound_n therefore_o i_o pass_v it_o over_o and_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o the_o measuras_fw-la astracan_a measure_n of_o astracan_a the_o common_a measure_n be_v a_o pico_n and_o the_o 100_o thereof_o have_v make_v by_o observation_n in_o venetia_n 126_o brace_n of_o cloth_n measure_n which_o be_v in_o england_n about_o inch_n wine_n corn_n and_o wine_n corn_n and_o all_o other_o grain_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o chistetto_n which_o in_o venetia_n come_v to_o make_v 8½_n staios_n wine_n and_o liquid_a commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o butt_n which_o be_v 46_o mistaty_n and_o which_o also_o render_v in_o venetia_n 3¼_n bigonso_n asiatica_fw-la tartary_n asiatica_fw-la in_o tartary_n asiatica_fw-la there_o be_v few_o city_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o border_n or_o tribe_n travel_v with_o their_o substance_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o yet_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v find_v casan_n and_o astracan_a afore-named_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a town_n of_o commerce_n consider_v these_o region_n commodious_o seat_v as_o i_o say_v before_o on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n by_o which_o there_o be_v a_o passage_n sound_a from_o the_o caspian-sea_n in_o some_o season_n of_o the_o year_n up_o to_o moscow_n and_o by_o which_o way_n as_o i_o note_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o persia_n some_o merchant_n of_o christendom_n more_o than_o once_o intend_v to_o transport_v the_o silk_n and_o other_o the_o riches_n of_o persia_n to_o muscovia_n and_o so_o to_o europe_n but_o the_o design_n prove_v dangerous_a and_o chargeable_a by_o reason_n of_o such_o potent_a prince_n that_o border_n upon_o that_o river_n and_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o same_o must_v pass_v against_o the_o current_a stream_n which_o in_o winter_n be_v not_o find_v passable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o frost_n by_o which_o and_o other_o discouragement_n the_o design_n be_v give_v over_o and_o fall_v to_o nothing_o antiqua_fw-la tartary_n antiqua_fw-la in_o tartary_n antiqua_fw-la i_o find_v not_o any_o thing_n worthy_a of_o note_n nor_o yet_o city_n of_o import_n the_o inhabitant_n live_v like_o vagabond_n rhubarb_n rhubarb_n only_o it_o afford_v rhubarb_n which_o be_v so_o excellent_a in_o physic_n by_o its_o proper_a nature_n that_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v behold_v to_o these_o barbarian_n for_o the_o same_o as_o a_o cure_n for_o many_o disease_n chap._n lxxxvi_o of_o zagathai_n and_o cathai_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o zagachai_n zagachai_n zagathai_n contain_v sundry_a province_n and_o but_o few_o city_n sarmacand_n sarmacand_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v sarmacand_v which_o give_v both_o cradle_n and_o grave_a to_o mighty_a tamburlaine_n from_o who_o the_o great_a mogul_n boast_v themselves_o to_o be_v lineal_o descend_v cathai_n cathai_n but_o cathai_n be_v esteem_v the_o rich_a and_o civil_a kingdom_n of_o all_o tartary_n the_o which_o be_v furnish_v with_o sundry_a great_a and_o populous_a city_n cambalu_n cambalu_n especial_o cambalu_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n and_o where_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n be_v find_v to_o reside_v and_o traffic_n to_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o cathai_n commodity_n of_o cathai_n this_o country_n be_v find_v to_o abound_v with_o rice_n grain_n wool_n hemp_n rhuharb_n coral_n and_o abundance_n of_o silk_n both_o grow_a and_o bring_v hither_o from_o china_n and_o other_o country_n amount_v to_o two_o thousand_o cart_n yearly_a the_o city_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v 30_o mile_n about_o in_o compass_n and_o be_v replenish_v with_o all_o artsman_n astrologer_n be_v here_o in_o great_a reputation_n which_o may_v consider_v their_o number_n find_v here_o be_v as_o some_o write_v 5000_o be_v more_o proper_o term_v fortune-teller_n or_o gypsy_n but_o these_o country_n resemble_v in_o custom_n the_o muscovite_n and_o chinois_n none_o be_v permit_v to_o search_v into_o their_o city_n and_o manner_n except_o they_o come_v either_o as_o ambassador_n or_o merchant_n yet_o what_o i_o have_v gather_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n i_o will_v include_v under_o the_o title_n of_o cambalu_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o empire_n chap._n lxxxvii_o of_o cambalu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o cambalu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cambalu_n the_o metropolis_n of_o cathai_n as_o sarmacand_n be_v of_o zagathai_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o north-east_n border_v of_o this_o country_n contain_v both_o the_o old_a and_o new_a city_n through_o which_o do_v run_v the_o famous_a river_n of_o polisanga_n it_o be_v account_v 28_o mile_n in_o compass_n or_o rather_o in_o square_a each_o angle_n contain_v 7_o mile_n and_o in_o every_o square_n be_v place_v three_o principal_a gate_n which_o enclose_v the_o town_n with_o earthen_a wall_n or_o rampire_n of_o 10_o pace_n in_o thickness_n and_o every_o gate_n comprehend_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n and_o every_o angle_n have_v also_o a_o excellent_a palace_n where_o the_o armour_n of_o the_o garrison_n soldier_n be_v keep_v which_o be_v 1000_o soldier_n at_o every_o gate_n the_o building_n be_v
square_v out_o proportionable_o and_o every_o street_n be_v draw_v out_o to_o a_o line_n so_o that_o every_o gate_n yield_v a_o free_a prospect_n through_o the_o city_n to_o the_o opposite_a gate_n beautify_v on_o each_o side_n with_o stately_a edifice_n and_o house_n for_o the_o honourable_a of_o this_o country_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o city_n be_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n wherein_o the_o grand_a cham_n reside_v with_o all_o his_o queen_n and_o child_n and_o wherein_o be_v place_v a_o bell_n which_o be_v toll_v at_o certain_a hour_n of_o the_o evening_n after_o which_o may_v no_o man_n stir_v out_o of_o door_n until_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o day_n follow_v the_o largeness_n rarity_n curiosity_n and_o richness_n of_o this_o palace_n the_o partition_n allow_v his_o queen_n and_o lodging_n appoint_v for_o his_o child_n and_o their_o daily_a attendant_n and_o the_o order_n beauty_n and_o manner_n thereof_o i_o willing_o omit_v as_o not_o pertinent_a to_o my_o present_a purpose_n without_o this_o city_n wall_n be_v account_v 12_o suburb_n of_o 3_o or_o 4_o mile_n long_o adjoin_v to_o each_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a 12_o gate_n and_o here_o all_o merchant_n stranger_n and_o foreigner_n do_v abide_v each_o nation_n have_v a_o several_a cane_n or_o storehouse_n where_o they_o both_o lodge_v and_o exercise_v their_o merchandise_n and_o traffic_v one_o with_o another_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o these_o several_a country_n the_o confluence_n of_o merchant_n here_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v wonderful_a see_v it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o city_n be_v so_o populous_a that_o the_o cham_n maintain_v 5000_o astrologer_n here_o daily_o beside_o many_o thousand_o of_o soldier_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n that_o 12000_o horse_n be_v account_v but_o as_o his_o ordinary_a and_o daily_a guard_n thereof_o exendu_fw-fr and_o the_o largeness_n thereof_o beside_o which_o the_o near_a neighbourhood_n of_o exendu_fw-fr the_o principal_a place_n of_o the_o grand_a cham_fw-mi seat_v not_o many_o day_n journey_n hence_o where_o merchant_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o enter_v be_v build_v in_o a_o four_o square_a figure_n every_o side_n extend_v eight_o mile_n in_o length_n within_o this_o quadrant_n be_v another_o who_o side_n be_v six_o mile_n long_o and_o within_o that_o another_o of_o four_o mile_n square_a which_o be_v account_v the_o very_a palace_n itself_o and_o between_o which_o several_a wall_n be_v find_v walk_n garden_n orchard_n fishpond_n place_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o courtly_a and_o military_a exercise_n and_o also_o park_n forest_n and_o chase_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o pleasure_n and_o game_n and_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o attendant_n and_o servitor_n that_o of_o necessity_n be_v require_v to_o wait_v upon_o so_o great_a a_o prince_n with_o the_o officer_n thereto_o belong_v not_o but_o much_o increase_n the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o this_o city_n and_o place_n as_o for_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n of_o cambalu_n and_o general_o of_o all_o tartary_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o country_n though_o in_o a_o large_a tract_n extend_v itself_o upon_o the_o north_n ocean_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_o continue_a cold_n and_o frost_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v but_o little_a benefit_n thereof_o however_o it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o the_o molucco_n japan_n and_o other_o islander_n thereabouts_o in_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n have_v here_o a_o great_a traffic_n and_o that_o hence_o these_o tartarian_n be_v furnish_v with_o the_o spice_n of_o india_n the_o gem_n of_o pegu_n and_o bengala_n and_o peradventure_o with_o other_o the_o drug_n of_o arabian_a but_o upon_o the_o caspian_a sea_n they_o be_v the_o master_n of_o many_o good_a seaport_n beside_o astracan_a which_z of_o late_o they_o have_v lose_v to_o the_o muscovite_n as_o zahaspa_n cosmi_n melmesuach_n and_o other_o by_o which_o be_v convey_v to_o they_o the_o silk_n tapestry_n carpet_n arm_n and_o excellent_a manufacture_n of_o persia_n and_o in_o the_o black-sea_n beside_o capha_n now_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o turk_n they_o enjoy_v the_o brave_a port_n of_o curaropo_fw-it asow_n and_o other_o serve_v to_o convey_v unto_o they_o the_o commodity_n of_o turkey_n trabesond_n podolia_n walacia_fw-la and_o other_o country_n border_v upon_o the_o famous_a river_n of_o danubius_n now_o for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o large_a empire_n it_o border_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o muscovia_n with_o who_o it_o be_v now_o in_o peace_n though_o not_o seldom_o at_o debate_n from_o whence_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o traffic_n which_o i_o find_v observe_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o great_a consequence_n they_o have_v rich_a fur_n and_o other_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n but_o where_o it_o border_v upon_o china_n which_o be_v for_o a_o very_a large_a extent_n of_o ground_n by_o some_o author_n account_v 400_o league_n the_o common_a report_n of_o the_o strict_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o debar_v entrance_n to_o all_o stranger_n shall_v persuade_v i_o of_o little_a traffic_n that_o way_n yet_o i_o find_v it_o observe_v by_o some_o late_a traveller_n who_o relation_n herein_o be_v questionable_a that_o the_o city_n of_o cambalu_n receive_v yearly_a thence_o by_o way_n of_o traffic_n 10000_o cart_n lade_v with_o silk_n and_o stuff_n of_o the_o china_n fabric_n the_o truth_n thereof_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o reader_n mulberry-tree_n coin_n current_a in_o cambalu_n and_o through_o tartary_n of_o the_o bark_n of_o mulberry-tree_n as_o for_o the_o money_n current_n in_o this_o large_a territory_n i_o find_v it_o to_o be_v diverse_o make_v yet_o neither_o of_o gold_n nor_o of_o silver_n coin_v but_o of_o the_o middle_a bark_n of_o the_o mulberry_n tree_n which_o be_v make_v firm_a and_o cut_v into_o divers_a and_o round_a piece_n great_a and_o little_a they_o imprint_v the_o king_n mark_n thereupon_o and_o from_o this_o mean_a stuff_n the_o emperor_n cause_v a_o huge_a mass_n of_o money_n to_o be_v yearly_o make_v at_o cambalu_n which_o suffice_v for_o his_o whole_a empire_n and_o no_o man_n under_o pain_n of_o death_n may_v coin_v or_o spend_v any_o other_o money_n or_o refuse_v it_o in_o all_o his_o kingdom_n and_o dominion_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o merchant_n often_o come_v hither_o from_o far_o and_o remote_a country_n bring_v with_o they_o gold_n silver_n pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o receive_v the_o king_n money_n for_o they_o and_o because_o the_o same_o be_v not_o current_a in_o their_o country_n they_o therewith_o buy_v in_o this_o empire_n other_o the_o commodity_n here_o find_v which_o they_o carry_v hence_o away_o with_o they_o the_o king_n also_o pay_v his_o stipend_n officer_n and_o army_n with_o the_o say_a money_n and_o buy_v whasoever_o else_o he_o need_v with_o the_o same_o so_o that_o no_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n can_v exceed_v he_o in_o treasure_n which_o be_v at_o so_o easy_a a_o rate_n provide_v and_o procure_v polish_v of_o coral_n polish_v beside_o which_o i_o find_v it_o observe_v in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o large_a country_n subject_n to_o some_o subordinate_a king_n in_o subjection_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n that_o they_o use_v in_o some_o place_n piece_n of_o polish_a coral_n in_o stead_n of_o money_n and_o in_o other_o they_o have_v certain_a twig_n of_o gold_n in_o lieu_n of_o money_n which_o be_v distinguish_v by_o weight_n into_o several_a parcel_n without_o stamp_n or_o character_n and_o this_o be_v account_v in_o matter_n of_o consequence_n harden_v of_o salt_n in_o loaf_n harden_v but_o they_o have_v a_o lesser_a coin_n if_o i_o may_v so_o term_v it_o make_v of_o salt_n which_o they_o boil_v in_o caldron_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n which_o congeal_v they_o make_v into_o lump_n like_o our_o peny-loave_n which_o be_v make_v solid_a be_v sign_v with_o the_o prince_n stamp_n and_o pass_v thus_o current_a among_o they_o and_o wherewith_o they_o provide_v themselves_o of_o all_o necessary_n in_o some_o other_o i_o find_v also_o that_o they_o use_v porcelan_n for_o money_n and_o weigh_v piece_n of_o gold_n for_o in_o some_o country_n of_o this_o empire_n silver_n mine_n be_v not_o find_v and_o they_o give_v in_o proportion_n one_o ounce_n of_o gold_n for_o five_o ounce_n of_o silver_n neither_o be_v it_o find_v in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o country_n that_o they_o have_v the_o use_n of_o letter_n therefore_o the_o merchant_n make_v their_o contract_n and_o obligation_n in_o tally_n of_o wood_n the_o half_a whereof_o the_o one_o keep_v and_o the_o other_o the_o other_o half_o which_o be_v aftetwards_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v the_o say_a tally_n be_v restore_v not_o much_o unlike_o the_o custom_n of_o tally_n in_o england_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o this_o country_n the_o strange_a custom_n
manner_n and_o form_n of_o government_n hinder_v all_o further_a particular_a knowledge_n of_o trade_n to_o our_o european_a merchant_n therefore_o leave_v thus_o this_o empire_n and_o city_n content_v with_o this_o short_a survey_n i_o proceed_v to_o india_n of_o late_a year_n become_v somewhat_o better_o know_v to_o europe_n and_o to_o our_o nation_n chap._n lxxxviii_o of_o india_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o east-india_n be_v common_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n viz._n the_o one_o be_v india_n within_o ganges_n or_o that_o part_n thereof_o which_o lie_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o river_n of_o ganges_n which_o contain_v 15_o province_n 1._o dulsinda_n 2._o pendab_n 3._o mandao_n 4._o del_o 5._o agra_n 6._o sanga_n 7._o cambaia_n 8._o decon_n 9_o canara_n 10._o malabar_n 11._o narsinga_n 12._o oristan_n 13_o botant_a 14._o patanaw_fw-mi 15._o bengala_n in_o which_o be_v place_n of_o note_n 1._o caximir_n cascimir_n or_o chusmur_n 2._o roree_n 3._o nigara_n 4._o seftan_n 5._o multan_n 6._o duckee_n 1._o labour_n 2._o saltan-paure_a 3._o athee_fw-mi 1._o mandac_n 2._o molton_n 3._o scernus_fw-la polymbothy_n 1._o del_o 2._o tremel_n 3._o doceti_n 1._o fatapore_n 2._o agra_n 3._o hendee_n 4._o biani_fw-la 1._o azmere_n 2._o citor_n the_o province_n of_o 1._o sinda_n in_o which_o be_v find_v 1._o tata_n 2._o lawribander_n 3._o calwalla_n 4._o r._n redempore_o 5._o nuraquemire_n 2._o guzarat_n in_o which_o be_v find_v 1._o diu_n 2._o sauran_n 3._o boldra_n 4._o ardovat_n 5._o madabat_fw-la 6._o saringa_n 7._o periano_n 8._o sarkeff_n 3._o cambaia_n in_o which_o be_v 1._o cambaio_n 2._o barocho_fw-es 3._o swalley_n 4._o surat_n 5._o neriand_n 6._o doman_n 7._o campanel_n 8._o dacaiotote_fw-la 9_o netherby_n 10._o bandore_n 11._o tanai_n in_o which_o be_v place_n of_o note_n 1._o bidoe_v 2._o visapore_n 3._o danagar_n 4._o decan_n 5._o syntacora_n 6._o goa_n 7._o shall_fw-mi 8._o balagnate_n 9_o brampore_o 10._o sara_n 1._o melinda_n 2._o onor_n 3._o baticalia_n 4._o mangalor_n 5._o mayendre_fw-fr 6._o lispor_fw-la 7._o solsettee_n be_v divide_v into_o seven_o province_n viz._n 1._o cononor_n 2._o calicut_n 3._o cranganor_n 4._o cochin_n 5._o cai-colam_a 6._o conlax_n 7._o travancor_n where_o be_v 1._o the_o city_n of_o cononor_n 2._o cata_n 3._o peripatan_n 4._o marabia_n 5._o tramopatan_n 6._o main_fw-fr 1._o pandarane_n 2._o tanor_n 3_o partangale_n 4._o chatua_n 5._o chale_n 6._o capacote_n 7._o calicut_n 1._o cranganor_n a_o city_n of_o that_o name_n 1._o augmale_a 2._o cochin_n 1_o caia-colam_a the_o chief_a town_n 1_o the_o city_n of_o coulan_n 1_o travancer_n the_o chief_a city_n 2._o qualicare_fw-la in_o which_o be_v of_o note_n 1._o cael_n 2._o golconda_n 3._o chamdagrin_n 4._o prepeti_fw-la 5._o chahambaram_n 6._o madura_n 7._o gingi_n 8._o tanaor_n 9_o moliapur_v 10._o choromandel_n 11._o casta_n 12._o negapatan_n 13._o tarnassari_n 14._o bisnagar_fw-mi 15._o penegardo_fw-it 16._o narsinga_n the_o chief_a city_n 1._o oristan_n 2._o cateoba_fw-la 3._o angeli_fw-la 4._o bacalli_n 5._o sinnergan_n 6._o senerpate_v 1._o bottia_n 2._o clamur_fw-la 3._o kucare_n 4._o couch_v 5._o gouren_n 6._o rame_n 7._o recan_n 8._o tripura_fw-la 1._o patane_n 2._o banaras_n 3._o siripur_v 4._o ciandecan_n 1._o bengala_n the_o city_n 2._o gouro_n 3._o catigan_n 4._o taxdâ—_n 5._o porow_a crande_n 6._o poror_fw-la pequeno_n 2._o the_o island_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n be_v the_o other_o be_v india_n without_o ganges_n or_o that_o part_n thereof_o which_o lie_v on_o the_o east-side_n the_o river_n of_o ganges_n which_o contain_v six_o province_n 1._o brama_n 2._o couchin-china_n 3._o cambaia_n 4._o jangoma_n 5._o siam_n 6._o pegu._n where_o be_v place_n of_o note_n 1._o melintay_v 2._o miranda_n 3._o bacan_a 4._o cavilan_n 5._o proâ—…_n 6._o tangu_n 7._o ana_n 8._o brema_fw-la 1._o the_o city_n of_o couchin-china_n 1._o campa_n 2._o cambaia_n 3._o gudurmuch_o 4._o coul._n in_o which_o be_v the_o province_n 1._o jangoma_fw-it 2_o lonea_n 3._o curroy_n in_o which_o be_v 1._o the_o kingdom_n of_o malaca_n where_o be_v the_o city_n of_o 1._o malaca_n sincapura_n 3._o polazimbilam_n 2._o jor_a alius_fw-la johor_n a_o city_n so_o call_v in_o that_o kingdom_n 3._o kingdom_n be_v patana_n where_o be_v the_o city_n of_o patane_n 4._o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n where_o be_v 1._o socotai_o 2_o quedoa_n 3._o tana_n 4._o lugar_n 5._o calantam_o 6._o siam_n 5._o the_o kingdom_n of_o mountay_n where_o be_v the_o city_n of_o odia_fw-la alius_fw-la udie_n be_v divide_v into_o five_o kingdom_n viz._n 1._o verma_n the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o be_v verma_n 2._o machin_n the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o so_o call_v 3_o orachan_n the_o chief_a town_n therein_o be_v 1._o dianga_n 2._o sundina_fw-la 3._o arachan_n 4._o martuan_n the_o principal_a city_n therein_o so_o call_v 5._o pegu_n in_o which_o be_v 1._o cosmi_fw-la 2._o jocabel_n 3._o diun_n 4._o coilan_n 5._o lanagon_n 6._o dala_n 7._o siluamp_v 8._o mecao_n 9_o siriangh_n 10._o pegu_n the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o india_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o india_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o china_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n indus_n on_o the_o north_n with_o tartary_n abovementioned_a on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o ocean_n take_v his_o name_n of_o indus_n a_o famous_a river_n here_o run_v 1000_o mile_n ere_o it_o meet_v the_o ocean_n it_o lay_v after_o the_o conquest_n thereof_o by_o alexander_n the_o great_a for_o many_o year_n undiscovered_a the_o merchant_n only_o thereof_o be_v find_v to_o bring_v their_o native_a commodity_n to_o sarmacand_n and_o cambalu_n aforemention_v to_o exchange_v against_o such_o commodity_n as_o those_o country_n afford_v as_o to_o the_o common_a empory_n and_o likewise_o to_o ormus_n where_o they_o provide_v themselves_o of_o all_o egyptian_a and_o arabian_a commodity_n by_o which_o mean_v knowledge_n be_v get_v of_o their_o country_n but_o the_o great_a worth_n and_o wealth_n thereof_o be_v not_o full_o know_v and_o discover_v to_o we_o till_o of_o late_a year_n by_o the_o navigation_n first_o of_o the_o portugal_n then_o of_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a this_o country_n become_v better_o survey_v india_n commodity_n of_o india_n find_v that_o the_o same_o afford_v and_o abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o mineral_n lead_n and_o copper_n only_o except_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n horse_n except_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o precious_a stone_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o spice_n some_o drug_n and_o other_o commodity_n as_o in_o their_o particular_a province_n shall_v be_v more_o particular_o remember_v ganges_n ganges_n the_o famous_a river_n ganges_n run_v through_o this_o country_n to_o which_o the_o indian_n go_v in_o pilgrimage_n as_o if_o the_o water_n wash_v in_o or_o drink_v can_v bring_v salvation_n to_o they_o this_o divide_v india_n into_o two_o part_n call_v india_n intra_fw-la gangem_fw-la and_o india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la both_o which_o include_v many_o large_a province_n and_o kingdom_n and_o first_o india_n intra_fw-la gangem_fw-la have_v nine_o principal_a kingdom_n which_o i_o will_v brief_o follow_v some_o author_n opinion_n pass_v cursory_o through_o narsinga_n 1._o narsinga_n first_o narsinga_n the_o chief_a city_n maleap_a or_o st._n thomas_n where_o they_o hold_v the_o body_n of_o this_o apostle_n be_v burn_v though_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v his_o body_n be_v find_v under_o i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o fathom_n of_o ground_n in_o calamana_n by_o devout_a friar_n that_o after_o the_o religious_a receipt_n of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o their_o wafer-god_n dig_v for_o he_o and_o find_v it_o vide_fw-la mafe_n jesuit_n malavar_n 2._o malavar_n the_o second_o be_v malavar_n conanor_n 3._o ballasia_n conanor_n and_o the_o three_o ballasia_n in_o which_o be_v find_v three_o famous_a mart-town_n cochin_n and_o calicute_n and_o conanor_n the_o last_o have_v a_o large_a and_o safe_a haven_n commodious_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o these_o country_n distant_a from_o calicute_n 30_o mile_n and_o calicute_n distant_a from_o cochin_n 80_o mile_n calicute_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n be_v here_o a_o famous_a mart_n and_o extend_v itself_o for_o three_o mile_n all_o along_o the_o shore_n principal_o afford_v to_o christendom_n that_o sort_n of_o pepper_n take_v its_o name_n hence_o of_o calicute_n pepper_n also_o calico_n cloth_n and_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o pepper_n of_o the_o name_n of_o this_o country_n of_o malavar_n cambaia_n 4._o cambaia_n the_o four_o be_v cambaia_n a_o famous_a kingdom_n very_o rich_a and_o populous_a the_o chief_a city_n be_v also_o of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o one_o of_o the_o rich_a of_o these_o country_n contain_v 800000_o person_n mandao_n 5._o mandao_n the_o five_o be_v mandao_n wherein_o be_v the_o city_n of_o mandao_n be_v 30_o mile_n in_o compass_n which_o hold_v out_o a_o siege_n of_o 12_o year_n against_o the_o mogul_n who_o be_v king_n hereof_o as_o
likewise_o of_o those_o former_a province_n name_v aristan_n 6._o bengala_n 7._o aristan_n the_o six_o and_o seven_o be_v bengala_n and_o aristan_n where_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o cattigan_n and_o satigan_n and_o principal_o for_o trade_n that_o of_o bengala_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o gulf_n know_v by_o that_o name_n and_o orissa_n inhabit_v by_o christian_n of_o st._n thomas_n so_o call_v because_o he_o convert_v they_o canora_fw-la 8._o canora_fw-la the_o eight_o be_v canora_fw-la under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o mogul_n the_o most_o famous_a city_n be_v ultabat_fw-la lispor_fw-la melinda_n etc._n etc._n dellia_n 9_o dellia_n the_o nine_o be_v dellia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v dellie_n the_o sometime_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n the_o other_o famous_a city_n be_v tremel_n fatabar_n and_o chesmer_n famous_a for_o the_o study_n here_o of_o magic_n all_o these_o mighty_a province_n have_v be_v conquer_v by_o the_o great_a mogul_n force_n within_o these_o 90_o year_n to_o the_o astonishment_n of_o all_o india_n gangem_fw-la india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la contain_v 12_o potent_a kingdom_n and_o all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o potent_a king_n of_o barma_n which_o cursory_o i_o will_v also_o run_v over_o macin_n 1._o macin_n the_o first_o be_v macin_n aquavitae_fw-la lignum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la famous_a for_o that_o sweet-wood_n which_o this_o country_n do_v produce_v call_v aloe_n or_o lignum_fw-la vitoe_n value_v at_o its_o weight_n in_o pure_a silver_n serviceable_a only_o here_o for_o the_o pompous_a funeral_n of_o great_a prince_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v the_o say_v macin_n aracan_a 2._o aracan_a the_o second_o be_v aracan_a ava_n ava_n wherein_o be_v the_o city_n of_o ava_n which_o through_o the_o world_n be_v so_o famous_a for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gem_n cambaia_n 3._o cambaia_n the_o three_o be_v cambaia_n famous_a for_o this_o city_n of_o cambaia_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n which_o afford_v plenty_n of_o gold_n silver_n aloe_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n of_o great_a worth_n couchin-china_n 4._o couchin-china_n the_o four_o be_v couchin_n china_n abound_v with_o the_o like_a commodity_n bring_v to_o couchin-china_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n of_o all_o country_n for_o porcelain_n and_o china-dish_n here_o make_v and_o much_o in_o esteem_n and_o use_v in_o these_o country_n barma_n 5._o barma_n the_o five_o be_v barma_n make_v famous_a only_o within_o 60_o year_n for_o the_o prince_n hereof_o have_v vanquish_v all_o the_o former_a kingdom_n and_o make_v they_o tributary_n to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o this_o sceptre_n siam_n 6._o siam_n the_o six_o be_v siam_n once_o the_o lady_n of_o all_o india_n now_o subject_a to_o barma_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v mollacia_n in_o compass_n 20_o mile_n a_o town_n of_o great_a resort_n for_o merchant_n for_o the_o traffic_n of_o spice_n and_o now_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o portugal_n the_o next_o be_v siam_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n mean_a which_o every_o year_n overflow_v the_o country_n for_o 120_o mile_n and_o last_o odin_n on_o the_o river_n cuipomo_n on_o which_o 200000_o boat_n be_v find_v daily_o to_o be_v set_v on_o work_n and_o contain_v 400000_o family_n and_o be_v now_o know_v the_o residence_n of_o that_o famous_a and_o fortunate_a king_n of_o barma_n beforementioned_a pegu._n 7._o pegu._n the_o seven_o be_v pegu_n which_o give_v name_n to_o a_o principal_a city_n have_v a_o rich_a soil_n and_o harbourous_a seashore_n the_o principal_a know_a haven_n be_v martaban_n and_o here_o be_v also_o lasmin_a a_o city_n of_o great_a commerce_n this_o country_n have_v suffer_v much_o by_o sword_n pestilence_n and_o famine_n within_o these_o late_a year_n and_o be_v now_o as_o the_o rest_n a_o province_n of_o this_o aforesaid_a powerful_a king_n of_o barma_n now_o have_v thus_o survey_v india_n in_o the_o general_a and_o in_o gross_a as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o kingdom_n and_o province_n it_o will_v be_v requisite_a it_o shall_v next_o be_v survey_v in_o the_o particular_a so_o far_o as_o it_o may_v concern_v our_o present_a purpose_n which_o be_v the_o commerce_n and_o trade_n thereof_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n know_v to_o our_o nation_n wherein_o i_o can_v wish_v my_o experience_n better_a to_o show_v the_o particular_n thereof_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o large_a extent_n of_o ground_n that_o be_v comprise_v under_o this_o name_n of_o india_n stretch_v itself_o from_o taurus_n to_o the_o ocean_n one_o way_n and_o from_o china_n to_o persia_n which_o be_v near_o 4000_o mile_n another_o way_n at_o which_o place_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a for_o i_o to_o begin_v my_o trade_n and_o see_v what_o may_v be_v observe_v therein_o yet_o before_o i_o enter_v into_o this_o discovery_n and_o give_v a_o particular_a relation_n of_o such_o material_n wherewith_o trade_n be_v in_o itself_o practise_v through_o this_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n island_n and_o sea_n and_o before_o i_o show_v the_o matter_n wherewith_o this_o trade_n be_v in_o all_o this_o country_n drive_v it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a i_o shall_v also_o see_v who_o they_o principal_o be_v that_o manage_v this_o trade_n and_o to_o who_o this_o great_a traffic_n appertain_v either_o as_o they_o be_v native_n and_o here_o bear_v or_o as_o they_o be_v stranger_n and_o here_o be_v induce_v to_o reside_v attract_v thereto_o by_o the_o sole_a motive_n of_o the_o great_a commerce_n and_o rich_a commodity_n find_v either_o natural_o here_o grow_v or_o artificial_o here_o make_v and_o produce_v general_n commodity_n of_o india_n in_o general_n this_o country_n then_o as_o i_o say_v before_o abound_v in_o the_o general_a with_o all_o manner_n of_o mineral_n copper_n and_o lead_v except_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o cattle_n horse_n except_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o spice_n with_o many_o sort_n of_o drug_n cotton_n cloth_n precious_a stone_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o want_n of_o wine_n and_o wheat_n that_o here_o they_o have_v that_o so_o this_o country_n may_v be_v behold_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o other_o as_o other_o be_v for_o her_o commodity_n to_o this_o these_o be_v then_o the_o prime_a commodity_n wherewith_o trade_n be_v here_o maintain_v i_o will_v note_v the_o trader_n and_o native_a merchant_n that_o be_v here_o resident_a which_o proper_o i_o may_v account_v to_o be_v of_o five_o several_a sort_n all_o acknowledge_v several_a rite_n religion_n and_o custom_n and_o therefore_o partake_v of_o so_o many_o several_a form_n and_o manner_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o their_o affair_n of_o merchandize_v india_n the_o merchant_n in_o general_a trade_n in_o india_n the_o gentile_a merchant_n be_v the_o first_o and_o be_v find_v of_o great_a eminency_n in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o tract_n the_o native_a christian_n convert_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o st._n thomas_n be_v the_o second_o who_o in_o many_o place_n be_v find_v to_o manage_v a_o great_a and_o ample_a trade_n through_o this_o country_n the_o three_o be_v the_o mahometan_n persian_n and_o tartarian_n especial_o since_o the_o great_a victory_n of_o the_o mogul_n find_v here_o also_o of_o great_a quality_n and_o estate_n the_o four_o be_v the_o jew_n who_o live_v stragling_o disperse_v over_o and_o through_o all_o part_n of_o this_o country_n and_o in_o every_o prince_n dominion_n exercise_v the_o same_o the_o five_o be_v moor_n and_o arabian_n who_o some_o 200_o year_n pass_v seize_v on_o some_o haven-town_n here_o along_o this_o coast_n drive_v the_o native_n into_o the_o inland_a part_n and_o at_o this_o day_n be_v see_v to_o be_v very_o great_a merchant_n the_o six_o be_v the_o portugal_n who_o possess_v some_o few_o sea-town_n commodious_a for_o traffic_n brag_v of_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n which_o they_o be_v in_o no_o more_o possibility_n entire_o to_o conquer_v and_o possess_v than_o the_o french_a be_v to_o subdue_v spain_n when_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o fort_n of_o perpignan_n or_o the_o english_a to_o be_v master_n of_o france_n when_o they_o be_v only_a sovereign_n of_o calais_n and_o now_o to_o the_o city_n of_o this_o tract_n where_o at_o this_o day_n be_v find_v a_o trade_n to_o be_v practise_v and_o first_o of_o diu._n chap._n lxxxix_o of_o diu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o of_o diu_n and_o the_o trade_n there_o of_o the_o town_n and_o island_n of_o diu_n lie_v about_o 20_o league_n from_o the_o famous_a river_n indus_n and_o not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o firm_a land_n it_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o portugal_n who_o have_v conquer_v both_o the_o island_n and_o town_n from_o the_o king_n of_o cambaia_n and_o so_o fortify_v it_o as_o it_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v now_o invincible_a this_o town_n have_v a_o very_a good_a and_o great_a haven_n and_o
therein_o be_v find_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n as_o turk_n persian_n arabian_n armenian_n and_o other_o of_o sundry_a country_n and_o because_o of_o the_o continual_a traffic_n thereof_o it_o be_v account_v the_o best_a and_o most_o profitable_a revenue_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v in_o all_o india_n for_o that_o the_o banian_o gusurate_n rumo_n and_o persian_n which_o traffic_n in_o cambaia_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o red-sea_n and_o mecca_n do_v both_o discharge_v their_o ware_n and_o take_v in_o their_o lade_n here_o at_o diu_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodious_a situation_n thereof_o as_o lie_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o cambaia_n and_o from_o diu_n it_o be_v ship_v and_o send_v to_o cambaia_n and_o so_o bring_v back_o again_o to_o diu._n coast_n commodity_n of_o diu_n and_o that_o coast_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o place_n and_o this_o coast_n be_v first_o fine_a cotton-linen_n of_o sundry_a sort_n which_o they_o call_v jorim_n sluyer_n and_o lamparad_n and_o which_o we_o call_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o calico_n also_o cocos_fw-la oil_n india_n nut_n butter_n pitch_n tar_n sugar_n candy_v iron_n good_a store_n and_o most_o excellent_a and_o fair_a leather_n which_o be_v artificial_o wrought_v with_o silk_n of_o all_o colour_n both_o flower_n and_o personage_n and_o which_o be_v in_o india_n much_o esteem_v to_o lay_v upon_o bed_n and_o table_n instead_o of_o carpet_n and_o coverlet_n they_o make_v also_o here_o all_o sort_n of_o curious_a dsek_n cupboard_n chest_n box_n standish_v and_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a device_n in_o wood_n guild_v with_o variety_n of_o colour_n wrought_v with_o imagery_n and_o mother_n of_o pearl_n which_o be_v carry_v hence_o throughout_o all_o india_n but_o especial_o to_o goa_n and_o cochin_n against_o the_o time_n that_o the_o portugal_n ship_n come_v thither_o to_o take_v in_o their_o lade_n to_o go_v homeward_o other_o observation_n of_o the_o further_a trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o refer_v to_o goa_n the_o metropolis_n of_o india_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o portugal_n to_o which_o all_o the_o other_o fort_n possess_v by_o the_o portugal_n in_o some_o sort_n have_v a_o reference_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o trade_n chap._n xc_o of_o cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cambaia_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o call_v be_v a_o fair_a and_o large_a city_n and_o contain_v some_o year_n past_o 800000_o person_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o famous_a river_n indus_n and_o there_o the_o river_n enlarge_v itself_o to_o a_o great_a breadth_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o vacas_n have_v the_o island_n of_o diu_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o city_n of_o deman_n and_o surrat_n on_o the_o other_o it_o be_v absolute_o the_o great_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o these_o part_n and_o therein_o be_v a_o factory_a seat_v for_o the_o traffic_n in_o these_o country_n of_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a east-india_n company_n here_o be_v also_o find_v a_o great_a concurrency_n of_o merchant_n as_o well_o of_o christian_n as_o of_o persian_n arabian_n and_o armenian_n but_o the_o native_n which_o be_v call_v the_o gusurate_n and_o banian_o be_v esteem_v the_o great_a and_o most_o politic_a merchant_n of_o all_o india_n and_o hold_v in_o subtlety_n equal_a with_o any_o nation_n under_o the_o sun_n cambaia_n commodity_n of_o cambaia_n the_o commodity_n for_o traffic_n that_o this_o country_n either_o natural_o afford_v or_o be_v artificial_o here_o fabricate_v be_v corn_n rice_n and_o such_o grain_n butter_n and_o oil_n wherewith_o for_o their_o abundance_n they_o furnish_v all_o the_o country_n round_a about_o they_o also_o great_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n linen_n be_v here_o make_v which_o we_o term_v calico_n of_o all_o sort_n call_v by_o they_o canequin_n boffetta_n jarin_n cantares_fw-la and_o other_o of_o sundry_a kind_n of_o make_v from_o the_o very_o coarse_a wherewith_o they_o make_v their_o sail_n for_o ship_n to_o the_o fine_a which_o be_v by_o we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o callico_n lawn_n also_o here_o be_v make_v sundry_a fine_a carpet_n call_v alcatiffe_n and_o banquy_n also_o many_o sort_n of_o coverlet_n call_v codorin_n also_o many_o manufacture_n of_o wood_n carve_v and_o embellish_v some_o with_o mother_n of_o pearl_n and_o some_o with_o silver_n and_o such_o like_a also_o here_o be_v find_v sundry_a sort_n of_o precious_a stone_n as_o spinal_n ruby_n granad_n jacinth_n amethyst_n chrysolite_n amber_n agat_n jaspe_n also_o sundry_a drug_n as_o opium_n camphora_n bangue_n and_o sandalwood_n sugar_n and_o last_o and_o principal_o anil_n or_o indigo_n be_v here_o grow_v prepare_v and_o make_v ready_a and_o from_o hence_o carry_v throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o principal_a place_n in_o this_o country_n afford_v the_o same_o be_v bianny_n fetterbarre_n sherkis_n lahore_n and_o other_o place_n thereabouts_o thereof_o surrat_n and_o baroche_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o to_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o famous_a port_n of_o surrat_n and_o baroche_n be_v as_o be_v cambaia_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o seat_v in_o this_o tract_n which_o because_o in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n i_o do_v not_o find_v to_o vary_v from_o the_o former_a i_o willing_o omit_v and_o therefore_o comprehend_v they_o under_o this_o chapter_n and_o title_n proceed_v to_o the_o current_a coin_n weight_n and_o measure_v find_v in_o use_n and_o practise_v in_o these_o city_n as_o in_o subjection_n to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o prince_n who_o be_v sovereignt_n hereof_o country_n coin_n of_o cambaia_n and_o mogul_n country_n the_o ancient_a current_n and_o general_a coin_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o mahmudy_n stamp_v by_o that_o famous_a king_n mahmood_n in_o the_o first_o conquest_n of_o these_o country_n which_o be_v account_v for_o res_n of_o portugal_n and_o by_o the_o english_a there_o resident_a estimate_v 12_o d._n sterling_a but_o the_o grand_a mogul_n be_v the_o last_o conqueror_n prohibit_v the_o say_a coin_n of_o mahmudis_n and_o therefore_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v find_v very_o scarce_o yet_o most_o frequent_a in_o gusurat_n the_o most_o current_a coin_n now_o throughout_o his_o territory_n be_v the_o ruppie_n of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a sort_n which_o be_v the_o casanna_n ruppia_n which_o be_v the_o common_a ruppia_n worth_n in_o india_n ¼_n mahomudy_n and_o estimate_v incirca_fw-la 2_o s._n 3_o d._n sterling_a the_o jacquiree_n ruppie_n 5_o of_o which_o make_v 6_o casanna_n ruppy_n the_o soway_a ruppie_n 4_o whereof_o make_v 5_o casanna_n ruppy_n the_o hondee_n ruppie_n of_o equal_a value_n with_o the_o casanna_n ruppie_n abovesaid_a cambaia_n account_n keep_v in_o surrat_n and_o cambaia_n and_o in_o these_o last_o do_v the_o merchant_n of_o gusurat_n keep_v their_o account_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v for_o small_a coin_n current_n these_o the_o pice_n account_v 24_o to_o the_o mamody_n which_o be_v 10_o d._n sterling_a the_o shahee_n account_v to_o the_o 16_o picos_fw-la or_o 10_o cosbeg_n and_o some_o there_o be_v that_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o mahomodis_n account_v 2½_n mahomody_n to_o be_v one_o hondee_n or_o casanna_n ruppie_n be_v thus_o estimate_v for_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n sterling_a as_o 2_o ruppy_n be_v account_v for_o 1_o â„ž_o â—_o spanish_a though_o indeed_o not_o find_v always_o of_o that_o value_n for_o the_o ruppie_n be_v here_o observe_v with_o the_o right_n of_o a_o prince_n coin_n and_o the_o â„ž_o â—_o for_o a_o merchandise_n or_o commodity_n rise_v and_o fall_v the_o say_v ruppia_n in_o agra_n be_v find_v to_o pass_v for_o 84_o pices_fw-la but_o this_o be_v thus_o most_o current_a in_o amadever_n lahoro_n and_o other_o the_o place_n where_o the_o christian_n of_o europe_n and_o other_o do_v provide_v and_o buy_v their_o indigo_n etc._n etc._n and_o there_o two_o of_o the_o say_v ruppia_n make_v in_o ordinary_a payment_n for_o merchandise_n 1_o â„ž_o â—_o spanish_a dominion_n weight_n in_o cambaia_n surrat_n agra_n and_o the_o mogul_n dominion_n there_o be_v general_o find_v throughout_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n two_o several_a weight_n the_o one_o proper_a to_o silk_n and_o the_o other_o for_o all_o merchandise_n beside_o and_o both_o of_o these_o have_v their_o foundation_n upon_o a_o weight_n of_o copper_n call_v as_o the_o coin_n aforesaid_a the_o pice_n a_o pice_n in_o silk_n be_v account_v 5½_n mitigals_o a_o mitigal_n be_v about_o 13_o d._n 10_o troy_n a_o pice_n of_o silk_n be_v also_o account_v for_o 2_o toll_n 1_o toll_n be_v 12_o mass_n a_o sear_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o small_a and_o great_a the_o small_a sear_n be_v ordinary_o use_v in_o silk_n and_o account_v 30_o toll_n now_o for_o the_o common_a weight_n
indeed_o the_o worst_a sort_n they_o call_v aia_n of_o cambaia_n and_o thus_o the_o price_n be_v by_o the_o man_n set_v thereon_o according_a to_o their_o sort_n goodness_n and_o greatness_n there_o be_v merchant_n of_o every_o country_n which_o be_v ready_a with_o their_o money_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o buy_v they_o so_o that_o in_o few_o day_n all_o the_o say_a parcel_n be_v buy_v up_o according_a to_o the_o say_a price_n set_v upon_o they_o alter_v according_a to_o the_o carack_n beauty_n and_o shape_n thereof_o and_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o fish_n and_o disperse_v of_o the_o pearl_n throughout_o india_n and_o thence_o through_o the_o world_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o think_v good_a to_o insert_v the_o same_o in_o this_o place_n chap._n xcii_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n practise_v alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n india_n the_o general_a trade_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n the_o coast_n of_o india_n know_v in_o these_o region_n be_v only_o so_o account_v from_o the_o island_n call_v alas_o vachas_n or_o from_o the_o town_n of_o daman_n to_o the_o cape_n of_o comarin_n not_o above_o 200_o mile_n in_o length_n wherein_o beside_o the_o metropolis_n goa_n be_v find_v sundry_a other_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n as_o first_o daman_n to_o the_o north_n of_o goa_n then_o basain_o then_o shall_fw-mi dabul_n and_o then_o goa_n and_o to_o the_o southward_o which_o some_o call_v the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n they_o hold_v rome_n onor_n barselor_n mangalor_n cananor_n calicut_n craganor_n cochin_n coulon_n and_o cape_n de_fw-fr comeri_fw-la which_o be_v account_v the_o last_o end_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o india_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n the_o trade_n of_o these_o sea_n port_n it_o will_v be_v needful_a i_o shall_v somewhat_o more_o particular_o survey_v the_o same_o shall_fw-mi daman_n basasen_n shall_fw-mi first_o then_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o coast_n be_v hold_v the_o wholesome_a and_o pure_a air_n for_o habitation_n the_o principal_a place_n be_v daman_n basasen_n and_o shall_fw-mi which_o be_v find_v in_o themselves_o to_o have_v good_a havens_n whereto_o great_a traffic_n be_v maintain_v throughout_o india_n the_o country_n hereabout_o abound_v in_o rice_n pease_n and_o other_o grain_n butter_n and_o oil_n of_o nut_n also_o cotton_n cloth_n great_a quantity_n especial_o baroche_n take_v the_o name_n from_o a_o city_n of_o this_o coast_n and_o in_o shall_fw-mi be_v find_v very_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o traffic_n to_o ormus_n cambaia_n sinde_n masquate_a bengala_n have_v therein_o many_o rich_a merchant_n and_o ship_n of_o great_a burden_n and_o here_o be_v also_o make_v divers_a kind_n of_o silk_n stuff_n as_o grogram_n sattim_n taffata_n and_o such_o like_a in_o such_o abundance_n that_o india_n and_o all_o other_o place_n border_v be_v serve_v therewith_o and_o behold_v thereto_o which_o bring_v a_o great_a trade_n to_o the_o say_a city_n of_o shall_fw-mi for_o they_o bring_v in_o the_o raw_a silk_n of_o china_n and_o be_v here_o spin_v weave_a and_o wrought_v carry_v it_o out_o again_o and_o distribute_v it_o throughout_o india_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n here_o also_o they_o make_v fair_a and_o excellent_a wrought_v bedsted_n box_n desk_n stool_n and_o other_o wooden_a art_n which_o bring_v they_o great_a profit_n and_o make_v this_o place_n famous_a throughout_o these_o part_n thereof_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o as_o for_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n onor_n be_v of_o good_a esteem_n where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o pepper_n yearly_o lade_v by_o the_o portugal_n factor_n account_v the_o best_a and_o full_a berry_n in_o all_o india_n the_o country_n hereabout_o belong_v to_o a_o queen_n rich_a in_o pepper_n who_o sell_v the_o say_a commodity_n only_o to_o the_o portugal_n but_o receive_v her_o money_n six_o month_n beforehand_o and_o at_o the_o season_n deliver_v the_o say_v contract_a pepper_n which_o by_o the_o portugal_n be_v house_v in_o their_o fort_n which_o by_o her_o leave_n they_o have_v here_o build_v till_o their_o ship_n come_v to_o fetch_v it_o away_o which_o be_v common_o but_o once_o a_o year_n cananor_n cananor_n cananor_n be_v hold_v the_o best_a fort_n they_o have_v upon_o all_o this_o coast_n and_o do_v abound_v with_o rice_n and_o pepper_n and_o near_o the_o fort_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n which_o be_v plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o coast_n and_o shore_n especial_o abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n and_o mast_n for_o ship_n of_o all_o size_n and_o sort_n calicut_n calicut_n calicut_n be_v once_o the_o most_o famous_a town_n of_o trade_n of_o all_o this_o shore_n and_o give_v name_n not_o only_o to_o the_o sort_n of_o pepper_n that_o here_o grow_v but_o also_o to_o that_o sort_n or_o cotton_n cloth_n that_o be_v first_o hence_o transport_v for_o europe_n but_o the_o emperor_n the_o then_o sovereign_a cochin_n cochin_n be_v enemy_n to_o the_o king_n of_o cochin_n with_o who_o the_o portugal_n at_o their_o first_o arrival_n here_o side_v and_o prosper_v by_o that_o mean_n overthrow_v the_o great_a traffic_n of_o calicut_n and_o advance_v the_o traffic_n of_o cochin_n who_o sovereign_a by_o mean_n of_o the_o trade_n be_v now_o become_v a_o mighty_a and_o rich_a prince_n in_o this_o country_n the_o city_n of_o cochin_n itself_o thereby_o so_o enlarge_v enrich_v and_o so_o well_o inhabit_v by_o portugal_n who_o be_v in_o part_n the_o new_a master_n by_o native_a malabar_n and_o other_o nation_n and_o seat_v upon_o a_o pleasant_a river_n and_o enjoy_v the_o commodity_n of_o a_o good_a channel_n and_o haven_n that_o it_o be_v account_v in_o these_o part_n for_o trade_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n the_o only_a second_o to_z goa_n here_o be_v lade_v yearly_a great_a quantity_n of_o pepper_n and_o a_o course_n sort_n of_o cinnamon_n vulgar_o call_v de_fw-fr matte_n nothing_o comparable_a to_o cinnamon_n of_o zelan_n account_v the_o best_a and_o hither_o come_v all_o the_o portugal_n ship_n to_o lade_v homeward_o after_o that_o they_o have_v unlade_v their_o european_a commodity_n in_o goa_n which_o add_v much_o to_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n two_o commodity_n hither_o import_v do_v much_o enrich_v this_o place_n 1._o the_o great_a store_n of_o silk_n that_o come_v hither_o raw_a from_o china_n to_o be_v wrought_v and_o next_o the_o great_a store_n of_o sugar_n that_o come_v from_o bengala_n to_o be_v spend_v for_o which_o the_o marry_a citizen_n be_v find_v to_o pay_v no_o custom_n to_o the_o king_n of_o cochin_n though_o for_o all_o other_o they_o pay_v 4_o per_fw-la cent_n but_o the_o stranger_n and_o unmarried_a pay_n at_o cochin_n nothing_o to_o the_o king_n but_o to_o the_o portugal_n 8_o per_fw-la cent_n portugal_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o farm_a the_o pepper_n in_o india_n by_o the_o portugal_n and_o because_o this_o great_a traffic_n for_o pepper_n be_v only_o peculiar_a to_o some_o private_a merchant_n or_o farmer_n authorise_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n it_o will_v not_o be_v unproper_a i_o shall_v here_o relate_v the_o manner_n thereof_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v then_o that_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n the_o first_o european_n trader_n into_o these_o part_n in_o all_o their_o navigation_n and_o discovery_n ever_o add_v the_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n towards_o the_o supportation_n of_o the_o expense_n of_o their_o conquest_n and_o have_v here_o build_v for_o conveniency_n of_o trade_n and_o protection_n of_o their_o merchant_n and_o subject_n many_o fortress_n and_o castle_n they_o ever_o so_o settle_v they_o that_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n port_n or_o harbour_n join_v to_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n may_v add_v mean_n and_o fair_a inducement_n to_o make_v by_o traffic_n their_o conquest_n profitable_a this_o coast_n then_o be_v find_v to_o abound_v with_o pepper_n a_o principal_a commodity_n then_o request_v in_o europe_n design_v it_o to_o be_v convert_v to_o his_o peculiar_a profit_n by_o all_o the_o provident_a way_n of_o a_o circumspect_a merchant_n string_n chi_fw-mi crâ—po_fw-la abrazia_fw-la poca_fw-la string_n but_o prince_n that_o will_v embrace_v all_o sometime_o grasp_v but_o a_o little_a for_o the_o same_o can_v not_o be_v so_o profitable_o contrive_v consider_v the_o distance_n of_o way_n length_n of_o time_n and_o trust_v to_o be_v commit_v to_o factor_n captain_n of_o fort_n and_o other_o but_o he_o find_v himself_o to_o come_v far_o short_a of_o his_o expectation_n in_o this_o point_n whereupon_o he_o be_v advise_v to_o let_v out_o the_o same_o to_o farm_n and_o contract_v it_o at_o certain_a condition_n to_o certain_a great_a and_o eminent_a merchant_n who_o shall_v stand_v in_o his_o place_n strong_o and_o
here_o current_a for_o 6_o and_o sometime_o for_o 6½_n pagod_n and_o 10_o r._n â—_o be_v call_v in_o these_o part_v a_o sear_n incirca_fw-la 50_o s._n sterling_a armagon_n armagon_n but_o in_o armagon_n it_o be_v observe_v they_o have_v this_o difference_n rial_n of_o â—_o 11_o be_v account_v for_o 8_o pagod_n one_o pagode_n be_v account_v worth_n 20_o fanans_n and_o 5_o pagode_n here_o be_v account_v but_o 4_o in_o musulipatan_n the_o pagode_n by_o this_o account_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o value_n about_o 8_o d._n sterling_a equivalent_a with_o the_o chequin_n of_o venice_n or_o the_o xeriff_n of_o egypt_n or_o sultany_n of_o turkey_n and_o the_o mamody_n account_v for_o 12_o d._n sterling_a and_o the_o fanans_n about_o 6_o d._n ¾_n or_o 7_o d._n per_fw-la piece_n chormandel_n weight_n current_a in_o musulapatan_n and_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n their_o common_a weight_n use_v along_o this_o coast_n be_v the_o candil_n which_o in_o gross_a good_n be_v most_o account_v for_o 20_o maunds_z a_o maund_v be_v 40_o sear_n or_o 22½_n masy_n or_o 26_o l._n 14½_n ounce_n english_a a_o sear_n be_v 17_o kashee_n which_o thus_o answer_v with_o england_n the_o sear_n be_v twofold_a the_o small_a sear_n be_v of_o 16_o mass_n and_o find_v to_o be_v about_o 10_o l._n english_a or_o as_o some_o observe_v it_o 10â…›_n l._n and_o the_o great_a sear_n be_v account_v as_o above_o and_o the_o candil_n of_o 20_o maunds_z of_o 26_o l._n 14½_n ounce_n averdupois_n bring_v it_o to_o be_v english_a pound_n sotile_n 538_o l._n incirca_fw-la but_o this_o find_v some_o disagreement_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o petiboli_n for_o their_o candil_n be_v 20_o maunds_z find_v to_o be_v but_o 26_o l._n english_a in_o all_o 520_o l._n a_o maund_v be_v here_o count_v for_o 5_o visko_n 5_o l._n 3_o ounce_n english_a one_o visco_n or_o as_o the_o portugal_n call_v it_o fisco_fw-la be_v account_v 8_o sears_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 10_o ounce_n ¼_n averdupois_n incirca_fw-la further_a observation_n i_o find_v not_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o mesulapatan_n save_v that_o the_o governor_n of_o this_o city_n have_v settle_v a_o trade_n with_o the_o english_a and_o that_o they_o shall_v pay_v for_o custom_n 4_o per_fw-la cent_n he_o afterward_o raise_v the_o same_o to_o be_v 12_o per_fw-la cent_n till_o anno_fw-la 1614_o one_o floris_n and_o other_o english_a surprise_v the_o chief_a customer_n be_v the_o governor_n be_v son_n and_o bring_v he_o aboard_o their_o ship_n then_o in_o port_n who_o thereupon_o come_v to_o a_o new_a composition_n restore_v the_o overplus_n take_v and_o settle_v it_o for_o the_o future_a at_o the_o first_o agree_v rate_n of_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n as_o now_o it_o stand_v chap._n xciv_o of_o satagan_a the_o metropolis_n of_o bengala_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o coast_n and_o the_o river_n ganges_n bengala_n satagan_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o bengala_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o coromandel_n begin_v this_o coast_n of_o bengala_n through_o the_o middle_n whereof_o the_o famous_a river_n ganges_n run_v make_v a_o large_a bay_n or_o gulf_n which_o carry_v the_o name_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n this_o country_n be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o greâ—…_n mogul_n who_o coin_n be_v here_o current_a the_o holy_a and_o reverend_a opinion_n that_o the_o gentile_n through_o all_o india_n have_v of_o this_o river_n and_o the_o concourse_n of_o pilgrim_n thereto_o for_o devotion_n sake_n add_v much_o to_o the_o traffic_n of_o satagan_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o country_n which_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o another_o fair_a and_o large_a river_n who_o imbosure_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o imbosure_n of_o ganges_n and_o upon_o which_o boat_n sail_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o current_a a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o fifteen_o hour_n without_o the_o help_n of_o sail_n or_o oar_n and_o when_o the_o tide_n turn_v it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o violent_a that_o the_o saller_n be_v force_v to_o make_v fast_o their_o boat_n to_o certain_a tree_n fix_v on_o the_o shore_n side_n for_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v way_n against_o the_o stream_n and_o current_n thereof_o at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o river_n be_v a_o place_n call_v butter_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n and_o mechant_n there_o do_v yearly_o build_v in_o form_n of_o a_o village_n of_o straw_n branch_n of_o tree_n reed_n and_o the_o like_a and_o be_v of_o great_a largeness_n to_o which_o they_o bring_v all_o manner_n of_o merchandise_n to_o meet_v the_o ship_n which_o at_o certain_a set_v time_n with_o the_o moonsoons_o come_v hither_o for_o trade_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o go_v high_a for_o want_v of_o water_n and_o when_o the_o ship_n be_v go_v with_o the_o change_n of_o the_o moonsoon_o and_o that_o year_n trade_n past_a they_o then_o burn_v their_o say_a town_n and_o house_n and_o carry_v up_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n to_o the_o city_n of_o satagan_n whither_o also_o all_o small_a bark_n and_o boat_n do_v go_v to_o lade_v and_o unlade_v bengala_n commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o bengala_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o thirty_o or_o forty_o sail_n of_o great_a ship_n of_o sundry_a country_n and_o nation_n do_v here_o yearly_a at_o this_o time_n find_v lade_n the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o coast_n be_v rice_n here_o grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n cloth_n of_o cotton_n of_o infinite_a sort_n make_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n lacca_n good_a store_n great_a plenty_n of_o sugar_n myrabolan_n both_o dry_v and_o preserve_v long_a pepper_n oil_n of_o zerseline_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o city_n in_o itself_o be_v a_o fair_a city_n and_o abound_v with_o rich_a merchant_n that_o trade_n to_o pegu_n musulipatan_n summatra_n and_o sometime_o to_o cambaia_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n their_o time_n of_o traffic_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o night_n and_o when_o they_o have_v once_o burn_v their_o town_n of_o butter_n as_o have_v be_v note_v they_o then_o hire_v galliots_n and_o boat_n and_o therewith_o transport_v their_o commodity_n up_o the_o river_n from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o situate_v upon_o the_o same_o where_o every_o day_n be_v find_v in_o one_o or_o other_o a_o public_a fair_a and_o market_n so_o that_o their_o whole_a life_n be_v still_o in_o motion_n and_o agitation_n provide_v in_o one_o place_n and_o put_v off_o in_o another_o here_o buy_v and_o there_o sell_v bengala_n weight_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o bengala_n the_o portugal_n be_v find_v to_o have_v some_o trade_n hither_o but_o those_o that_o reside_v here_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o much_o government_n but_o make_v their_o will_n their_o law_n only_o two_o fort_n they_o hold_v upon_o this_o coast_n the_o one_o they_o call_v porto_n grande_n the_o other_o porto_n piquenom_n whereto_o there_o be_v drive_v a_o orderly_a trade_n and_o thereby_o that_o nation_n be_v keep_v within_o some_o order_n and_o discipline_n as_o for_o the_o coin_n current_n here_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n here_o in_o use_n i_o must_v omit_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n therein_o and_o therefore_o shall_v refer_v they_o to_o the_o better_o skill_v debtor_n custom_n in_o india_n for_o debtor_n before_o i_o leave_v this_o coast_n i_o must_v not_o forget_v a_o strange_a custom_n not_o only_o here_o much_o use_v but_o also_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o in_o many_o other_o part_n of_o india_n which_o be_v thus_o if_o a_o debtor_n break_v the_o day_n of_o payment_n with_o his_o creditor_n and_o oftentimes_o disappoint_v he_o than_o he_o go_v to_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o bramenes_n and_o receive_v of_o he_o a_o rod_n with_o which_o he_o approach_v to_o the_o debtor_n and_o make_v a_o circle_n about_o he_o charge_v he_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o say_a branâ—en_n not_o to_o depart_v till_o he_o have_v satisfy_v the_o debt_n which_o if_o he_o do_v not_o he_o must_v then_o starve_v in_o the_o place_n for_o if_o he_o depart_v the_o king_n will_v cause_v he_o to_o be_v execute_v and_o this_o be_v in_o use_n in_o many_o great_a part_n of_o india_n but_o especial_o where_o the_o brahmin_n be_v reverence_v it_o be_v daily_o see_v practise_v among_o merchant_n the_o native_n of_o these_o place_n chap._n xcv_o of_o pegu_n and_o the_o coast_n thereof_o with_o the_o trade_n thereof_o pegu_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n thereof_o in_o order_n have_v pass_v the_o coast_n and_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n the_o next_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v the_o sea-coast_n of_o aracan_a pegu_n and_o sian_a stretch_v itself_o to_o the_o island_n and_o fort_n of_o malacca_n of_o which_o according_a to_o the_o
whilst_o he_o remain_v there_o and_o then_o have_v choose_v one_o to_o his_o mind_n he_o contract_v with_o her_o friend_n for_o her_o use_n for_o the_o say_a time_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n which_o do_v he_o bring_v she_o to_o his_o house_n or_o lodging_n and_o she_o serve_v he_o willing_o in_o all_o his_o affair_n both_o by_o day_n and_o night_n as_o both_o his_o slave_n and_o wife_n but_o then_o he_o must_v take_v care_n that_o during_o that_o time_n he_o keep_v not_o company_n with_o any_o other_o woman_n for_o so_o he_o may_v incur_v a_o great_a danger_n and_o peril_n of_o his_o life_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n now_o when_o the_o time_n of_o his_o residence_n be_v expire_v he_o pay_v the_o parent_n of_o the_o maid_n the_o price_n agree_v for_o and_o depart_v quiet_o away_o and_o she_o return_v with_o credit_n to_o her_o friend_n be_v as_o well_o esteem_v of_o as_o ever_o she_o be_v before_o and_o if_o afterward_o this_o maid_n chance_v to_o marry_v though_o with_o the_o principall_a of_o the_o country_n and_o that_o the_o aforesaid_a stranger_n shall_v again_o return_v hither_o to_o trade_n he_o may_v again_o demand_v his_o wâ—man_n and_o he_o shall_v have_v she_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n without_o the_o resistance_n of_o her_o husband_n or_o any_o shame_n unto_o he_o and_o she_o remain_v by_o the_o stranger_n as_o long_o as_o he_o abide_v there_o and_o he_o travel_v from_o thence_o she_o go_v home_o to_o her_o husband_n again_o which_o among_o they_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o most_o sure_a and_o inviolable_a law_n and_o custom_n pegu._n coin_n current_a in_o pegu._n the_o coin_n current_n here_o and_o throughout_o all_o this_o coast_n be_v call_v gansa_n which_o be_v make_v of_o copper_n and_o lead_n and_o be_v not_o the_o proper_a money_n of_o the_o king_n but_o every_o man_n may_v stamp_v it_o that_o will_v and_o that_o be_v able_a because_o it_o have_v its_o just_a value_n in_o stuff_n and_o material_n there_o be_v much_o counterfeit_n of_o this_o coin_n but_o it_o be_v soon_o discern_v by_o the_o broker_n teller_n of_o money_n who_o ready_o spy_v it_o out_o and_o therefore_o not_o passable_a nor_o will_v it_o be_v take_v by_o any_o with_o this_o money_n gansa_n you_o may_v buy_v gold_n silver_n ruby_n drug_n spice_n and_o all_o commodity_n and_o no_o other_o money_n be_v current_a among_o they_o this_o gansa_n go_v by_o a_o weight_n call_v a_o biso_n and_o this_o name_n of_o bise_n go_v for_o the_o account_n of_o the_o weight_n and_o therefore_o a_o bise_n of_o a_o gansa_n be_v account_v by_o stranger_n there_o trade_v ½_n â„ž_o 8_o â—_o or_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n sterling_a and_o albeit_o that_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o all_o other_o commodite_n do_v rise_v and_o fall_v yet_o this_o bise_n never_o alter_v in_o value_n or_o estimation_n every_o bise_n make_v a_o hundred_o gansae_n of_o weight_n and_o so_o it_o do_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o money_n be_v bisa_n martaven_n martaven_n in_o this_o country_n be_v also_o seat_v the_o town_n of_o martaven_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o the_o last_o of_o this_o coast_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v wonderful_a expert_a in_o make_v of_o hard_a waâ—_n which_o hence_o be_v disperse_v throughout_o india_n and_o into_o many_o place_n of_o europe_n here_o be_v also_o make_v those_o great_a earthen_n jar_n or_o vessel_n which_o serve_v they_o to_o keep_v water_n oil_n or_o any_o other_o liquor_n and_o be_v much_o use_v in_o india_n and_o aboard_o their_o ship_n in_o stead_n of_o cask_n barrel_n and_o such_o vessel_n and_o throughout_o all_o these_o country_n be_v call_v of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n maatavanas_n and_o in_o some_o place_n by_o the_o portugal_n benajos_n chap._n xcvi_o of_o siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n thereof_o under_o the_o title_n of_o siam_n i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o city_n of_o tenaserim_n a_o famous_a town_n of_o traffic_n and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o a_o kingdom_n also_o pattana_n another_o city_n on_o this_o coast_n not_o far_o distan_a from_o siam_n itself_o be_v a_o place_n where_o the_o english_a merchant_n have_v a_o residence_n and_o hold_v a_o factory_a and_o last_o siam_n as_o the_o principal_a and_o as_o one_o upon_o who_o the_o rest_n have_v a_o dependency_n both_o in_o matter_n of_o government_n and_o trade_n this_o city_n then_o of_o siam_n some_o year_n past_a as_o appear_v by_o relation_n of_o that_o worthy_a merchant_n ralph_n fitch_n and_o other_o be_v the_o prime_n of_o all_o these_o and_o the_o neighbour_a region_n but_o be_v for_o twenty_o one_o month_n besiege_v by_o the_o king_n of_o pegu_n who_o after_o four_o month_n march_v encompass_v it_o with_o a_o million_o and_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o soldier_n at_o length_n by_o mean_n of_o treason_n and_o not_o of_o strength_n gain_v it_o drive_v the_o king_n thereof_o to_o that_o desperation_n that_o he_o poison_v himself_o with_o all_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n pegu_n the_o fortune_n of_o siam_n and_o pegu_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v obey_v several_a prince_n and_o be_v subject_n to_o sundry_a master_n according_a to_o the_o various_a chance_n of_o war_n and_o of_o this_o country_n which_o in_o one_o age_n be_v see_v here_o so_o diverse_o to_o alter_v into_o sundry_a shape_n for_o a_o petty_a king_n which_o now_o command_v one_o only_a town_n or_o province_n in_o a_o few_o year_n come_v to_o be_v a_o great_a emperor_n over_o several_a kingdom_n and_o peradventure_o that_o great_a emperor_n who_o now_o command_v so_o many_o several_a nation_n within_o few_o year_n after_o be_v glad_a to_o rule_v over_o a_o small_a province_n city_n or_o island_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o pegu_n and_o siam_n have_v of_o late_a year_n to_o their_o great_a grief_n find_v too_o true_a by_o experience_n the_o city_n of_o siam_n be_v yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o former_a suffer_v calamity_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n not_o only_o hence_o to_o couchin-china_n macau_n cantor_n malacca_n cambaia_n and_o the_o island_n summatra_n borneo_n banda_n and_o other_o by_o sea_n but_o also_o be_v much_o augment_v by_o the_o inland_n trade_n thereof_o partly_o to_o martavan_n tenaserim_n and_o other_o which_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o same_o land_n but_o as_o seat_v on_o the_o backside_n thereof_o and_o as_o enjoy_v thereby_o the_o commodity_n of_o another_o sea_n but_o the_o same_o be_v find_v proper_a for_o trade_n by_o its_o own_o commodious_a situation_n menan_n river_n menan_n be_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o great_a and_o famous_a river_n menan_n which_o run_v hither_o through_o or_o rather_o thwart_v india_n arise_v in_o the_o lake_n of_o chiama_n as_o they_o term_v it_o at_o least_o 22_o degree_n from_o this_o city_n where_o it_o issue_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v here_o find_v about_o the_o month_n of_o march_n so_o to_o over-swell_a his_o bank_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n that_o it_o cover_v the_o earth_n for_o 120_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o therefore_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v say_v to_o retire_v themselves_o during_o this_o inundation_n to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o their_o house_n so_o purposely_o make_v to_o avoid_v the_o inconveniency_n of_o the_o water_n every_o house_n then_o have_v a_o boat_n or_o frigate_n belong_v thereto_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o converse_v together_o and_o traffic_v as_o on_o dry_a shore_n till_o the_o say_a river_n return_v to_o her_o wont_a channel_n again_o the_o king_n of_o this_o country_n as_o indeed_o of_o all_o these_o region_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n merchant_n who_o give_v the_o english_a admittance_n to_o trade_n and_o residence_n here_o about_o 1612_o upon_o who_o he_o bestow_v also_o a_o fair_a house_n for_o their_o abode_n and_o warehouse_n to_o lay_v up_o their_o merchandise_n where_o since_o for_o some_o year_n they_o have_v continue_v but_o of_o late_a year_n have_v leave_v it_o off_o and_o discontinue_v upon_o the_o little_a benefit_n this_o scale_n and_o country_n afford_v they_o pattana_n commodity_n of_o siam_n and_o pattana_n the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o this_o city_n and_o coast_n be_v cotton_n linen_n of_o several_a sort_n and_o that_o excellent_a wine_n or_o distil_a liquor_n call_v here_o by_o the_o name_n of_o nipe_n make_v of_o cocos_fw-la or_o india_n nut_n and_o hence_o transport_v into_o all_o part_n of_o india_n and_o the_o adjoin_a region_n here_o be_v also_o great_a quantity_n of_o benjamin_n and_o of_o lac_n wherewith_o the_o hard_a wax_n be_v make_v that_o be_v bring_v hence_o into_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o world_n also_o that_o costly_a wood_n call_v by_o the_o portugal_n palo_n dangula_fw-la and_o calamba_n which_o be_v good_a be_v weigh_v against_o silver_n
and_o gold_n for_o rich_a perfume_n and_o the_o wood_n sapon_n use_v by_o dyer_n also_o here_o be_v camphora_n in_o great_a plenty_n bezoar_v stone_n and_o gold_n in_o some_o measure_n good_a store_n also_o here_o be_v find_v diamond_n nutmeg_n and_o some_o other_o spice_n which_o the_o country_n of_o itself_o afford_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o coast_n coin_n current_a in_o siam_n and_o the_o coast_n the_o coin_n here_o current_a as_o i_o be_o inform_v be_v these_o follow_v the_o first_o be_v a_o tail_n which_o be_v worth_a 4_o tical_n or_o seventeen_o shilling_n ten_o penny_n or_o eighteen_o shilling_n sterling_a a_o tical_a be_v account_v 4_o mass_n or_o 4_o s._n 4_o d._n incirca_fw-la sterling_a a_o mass_n be_v account_v 4_o copan_n about_o 13_o d._n sterling_a a_o copan_n be_v account_v 750_o cash_n or_o 3¼_n d._n sterling_a a_o tail_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o account_v worth_n 14_o rial_n of_o eight_o spanish_a and_o 20_o tail_n be_v a_o cattee_n worth_n 48_o rial_n of_o â—_o spanish_a and_o 1_o tail_n of_o siam_n be_v worth_a 2_o tail_n of_o japan_n pattana_n coin_n at_o pattana_n and_o note_v that_o in_o pattana_n and_o elsewhere_o on_o this_o coast_n coin_n find_v little_a alteration_n in_o current_a price_n and_o rate_n except_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n when_o some_o of_o these_o species_n be_v seek_v out_o and_o provide_v by_o merchant_n to_o transport_v into_o other_o place_n where_o the_o same_o do_v turn_v they_o better_o to_o benefit_n and_o note_v that_o at_o pattana_n a_o mass_n be_v as_o above_o worth_a 4_o copan_n a_o copan_n worth_n 4_o condery_n a_o conderie_n be_v 100_o cash_n which_o be_v 800_o cash_n which_o be_v 50_o more_o than_o at_o siam_n as_o be_v abovementioned_a the_o measure_n and_o weight_n be_v not_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n so_o leave_v siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n i_o shall_v repair_v to_o malacca_n inhabit_v and_o fortify_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o of_o great_a consequence_n in_o these_o part_n chap._n xcvii_o of_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o malacca_n be_v the_o next_o country_n to_o the_o afore-named_n siam_n seat_v between_o the_o coast_n of_o siam_n and_o pegu_n upon_o the_o utmost_a bind_v of_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o land_n on_o which_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o malacca_n in_o obedience_n to_o the_o portugal_n and_o conquer_v by_o they_o 1511_o and_o account_v the_o most_o profitable_a command_n of_o all_o india_n next_o after_o ormus_n which_o of_o late_o they_o have_v lose_v and_o of_o mosambique_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n gasa_n which_o be_v here_o 10_o mile_n broad_a as_o some_o write_v and_o be_v account_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o india_n and_o china_n commodity_n and_o have_v a_o very_a great_a traffic_n to_o china_n moluccos_fw-la banda_n java_n summatra_n and_o all_o the_o island_n border_v thereabouts_o as_o also_o to_o siam_n pegu_n bengala_n coast_n of_o chormandel_n and_o other_o the_o part_n of_o india_n whereby_o many_o ship_n be_v find_v daily_o to_o be_v employ_v come_v in_o and_o go_v out_o there_o lade_n and_o unlade_v sell_v buy_v and_o barter_v the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n together_o the_o country_n afford_v of_o itself_o no_o commodity_n to_o preserve_v trade_n but_o all_o other_o country_n afford_v to_o this_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o proper_a situation_n for_o trade_n their_o native_a commodity_n a_o ship_n or_o two_o come_v hither_o yearly_o from_o lisbon_n to_o traffic_v which_o thence_o depart_v 30_o day_n soon_o than_o the_o rest_n for_o india_n and_o be_v at_o she_o return_v find_v common_o the_o rich_a that_o frequent_v these_o country_n malacca_n monsons_n at_o malacca_n and_o here_o it_o be_v observable_a in_o navigation_n that_o the_o monsons_n or_o trade_n wind_n here_o continue_v west_n and_o northwest_n from_o the_o end_n of_o august_n to_o the_o end_n of_o october_n and_o in_o november_n begin_v the_o northerly_a and_o north-easter_o wind_n which_o blow_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o april_n and_o from_o mâ—…_n till_o the_o end_n of_o august_n the_o south_n and_o south-west_n rule_v according_a to_o which_o the_o trader_n hither_o must_v direct_v his_o trade_n and_o course_n and_o take_v the_o proper_a season_n both_o for_o his_o come_n and_o go_v when_o albuquerk_n the_o vice-king_n of_o portugal_n take_v this_o city_n find_v it_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n of_o sundry_a nation_n he_o establish_v magistrate_n for_o both_o the_o ethnic_n moor_n and_o christian_n with_o appeal_n only_o reserve_v to_o the_o high_a sovereign_n the_o conqueror_n one_o remarkable_a passage_n in_o this_o conquest_n i_o can_v omit_v which_o be_v that_o a_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n of_o eminent_a note_n in_o this_o city_n fight_v naked_a in_o defence_n of_o himself_o and_o of_o his_o native_a country_n be_v find_v to_o be_v wound_v with_o many_o deep_a and_o wide_a wound_n but_o on_o his_o arm_n be_v wear_v a_o chain_n whereto_o be_v fasten_v the_o bone_n of_o a_o javan_n beast_n call_v a_o cabal_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o notwithstanding_o all_o those_o wound_n which_o be_v many_o and_o large_a he_o lose_v not_o one_o drop_n of_o blood_n but_o when_o that_o chain_n be_v take_v from_o he_o his_o vein_n sudden_o and_o at_o once_o empty_v themselves_o both_o of_o blood_n and_o life_n together_o the_o riches_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o place_n may_v by_o this_o particular_a then_o happen_v be_v consider_v when_o as_o the_o king_n be_v ten_o in_o the_o sack_n thereof_o come_v to_o 200000_o ducat_n of_o gold_n the_o soldier_n and_o adventurer_n satisfy_v beside_o the_o conceal_a and_o pilfer_v booty_n there_o find_v and_o share_v by_o they_o malacca_n coin_n of_o the_o city_n malacca_n the_o current_a coin_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n therefore_o i_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o better_o experience_v malacca_n weight_n use_v in_o malacca_n the_o weight_n here_o common_a in_o use_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v collect_v be_v the_o cattee_n bahar_n and_o pecul_n wherein_o i_o find_v the_o observation_n make_v hereupon_o to_o disagree_v some_o make_v but_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v here_o in_o use_n and_o some_o two_o sort_n of_o bahars_n as_o thus_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n and_o each_o cattee_n to_o be_v 4½_n cattee_n of_o cantar_n and_o couchinchina_n which_o be_v 21_o l._n english_a which_o thus_o estimate_v must_v be_v 590_o l._n english_a a_o second_o bahar_n they_o account_v to_o be_v 200_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n which_o here_o be_v 302_o china_n cattee_n and_o thus_o estimate_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v 400_o l._n english_a again_o they_o have_v a_o weight_n call_v the_o pecul_n which_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o china_n and_o make_v 132_o l._n english_a but_o if_o this_o observation_n be_v find_v true_a by_o trial_n the_o cattee_n must_v be_v more_o than_o 21_o l._n english_a which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o better_a experience_a this_o be_v the_o late_a observation_n of_o some_o of_o our_o merchant_n trade_v into_o these_o part_n but_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o portugal_n i_o find_v the_o weight_n to_o be_v thus_o malacca_n weight_n of_o malacca_n in_o malacca_n they_o say_v be_v two_o sort_n of_o weight_n use_v a_o great_a and_o small_a which_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o bahar_n a_o bahar_n great_a weight_n be_v 200_o cattee_n or_o 3_o pices_fw-la one_o pice_n be_v 66â…”_n cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 26_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v 1½_n ounce_n lisbon_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o great_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v pepper_n cloves_n nutmeg_n sander_n indigo_n alum_n sanguis_fw-la draconis_fw-la palo_n dangula_n camphora_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o small_a bahar_n be_v also_o 200_o cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 22_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v almost_o a_o ounce_n â…_n portugal_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o small_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v quicksilver_n copper_n vermilion_n ivory_n silk_n musk_n amber_n lignum_fw-la aloe_n tin_n lead_v benjamin_n verdet_n and_o other_o commodity_n etc._n etc._n again_o some_o observe_v that_o a_o tail_n of_o malacca_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o 10¼_n mass_n be_v a_o ounce_n averdupois_n and_o 1½_n ounce_n be_v 16_o â—_o mass_n by_o which_o mass_n they_o sell_v bezoar_v stone_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n i_o shall_v here_o proceed_v to_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o remain_a tract_n and_o coast_n especial_o that_o of_o cambaia_n couchin-china_n and_o other_o but_o little_o have_v fall_v into_o my_o hand_n of_o the_o trade_n exercise_v there_o i_o willing_o omit_v the_o same_o and_o next_o proceed_v to_o look_v only_o upon_o the_o traffic_n of_o china_n itself_o and_o then_o to_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o asia_n chap._n xcviii_o of_o china_n
and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o china_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o china_n have_v on_o the_o east_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o west_n india_n on_o the_o north_n a_o wall_n extend_v 1000_o mile_n in_o length_n between_o the_o chinois_n and_o the_o tartarian_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o ocean_n the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n be_v account_v very_o great_a the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o disposition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o peace_n which_o former_o they_o enjoy_v among_o they_o concur_v to_o enlarge_v the_o same_o the_o many_o navigable_a river_n and_o the_o excellent_a fabric_n here_o wrought_v add_v to_o make_v it_o eminent_a china_n commodity_n of_o china_n and_o the_o commodity_n that_o it_o yield_v to_o maintain_v the_o same_o be_v these_o barley_n rice_n wool_n cotton_n olive_n vine_n flax_n silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v into_o infinite_a sort_n of_o stuff_n all_o kind_n of_o metal_n gold_n especial_o silver_n and_o copper_n be_v bring_v from_o japan_n etc._n etc._n fruit_n honey_n wax_n sugar_n rhubarb_n china_n root_n purslain_a dish_n camphire_n ginger_n all_o kind_n of_o spice_n musk_n civet_n amber_n and_o infinite_a abundance_n of_o salt_n which_o commodity_n only_o in_o the_o town_n of_o cantor_n yield_v custom_n to_o the_o prince_n yearly_a 180000_o ducat_n china_n the_o greatness_n of_o china_n this_o kingdom_n contain_v 15_o large_a province_n each_o province_n have_v a_o metropolis_n beside_o many_o city_n of_o lesser_a note_n so_o that_o in_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o this_o country_n be_v account_v to_o be_v 30_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o writer_n have_v mention_v to_o be_v 1597_o city_n and_o great_a town_n wall_v 1154_o castle_n 4200_o borough_n without_o wall_n wherein_o soldier_n be_v quarter_v beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o village_n and_o hamlet_n quinsay_v quinsay_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v vulgar_o call_v quinsay_v pequin_n and_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v in_o circuit_n 100_o mile_n have_v in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o lake_n of_o 30_o mile_n compass_n in_o which_o be_v two_o fair_a island_n and_o in_o they_o two_o magnificent_a palace_n adorn_v with_o all_o necessary_n either_o for_o majesty_n or_o conveniency_n the_o lake_n be_v nourish_v with_o divers_a river_n on_o which_o be_v count_v 12000_o bridge_n and_o in_o many_o city_n here_o seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o great_a and_o famous_a navigable_a river_n be_v find_v oftentimes_o ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o great_a and_o small_a vessel_n nanquin_n nanquin_n the_o king_n himself_o have_v in_o the_o city_n of_o nanquin_n account_v the_o second_o in_o this_o kingdom_n seat_v upon_o a_o fair_a and_o large_a river_n if_o writer_n relation_n may_v have_v credit_n river_n ten_o thousand_o sail_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o one_o river_n ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o ship_n of_o his_o own_o and_o the_o city_n be_v nine_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o whole_a distance_n be_v find_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v whole_o employ_v and_o take_v up_o with_o vessel_n and_o boat_n for_o therein_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v their_o abode_n dwell_v negotiate_v and_o remove_v at_o their_o pleasure_n from_o one_o place_n and_o city_n to_o another_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v by_o all_o modern_a traveller_n that_o have_v be_v here_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o issue_v out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n nor_o yet_o stranger_n to_o enter_v into_o it_o and_o though_o for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o traffic_n this_o strict_a law_n find_v some_o toleration_n for_o a_o certain_a limit_a time_n for_o the_o native_n to_o trade_n abroad_o yet_o be_v it_o most_o near_o look_v into_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o stranger_n that_o will_v enter_v into_o their_o country_n therefore_o this_o consider_v though_o the_o motive_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v many_o yet_o this_o inviolable_a custom_n so_o severe_o execute_v hindeâ—…_n just_o the_o particular_n i_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n set_v down_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o mighty_a empire_n howsoever_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o japaner_n and_o some_o neighbour_a islander_n as_o also_o the_o portugal_n and_o some_o other_o christian_n have_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o great_a maritime_a commander_n in_o this_o country_n and_o their_o own_o fair_a deportment_n procure_v a_o licence_n of_o trade_n in_o canton_n maccau_n nanquin_n and_o some_o other_o seaport_n but_o with_o such_o strict_a limitation_n as_o that_o in_o some_o city_n it_o be_v death_n for_o they_o to_o lie_v or_o abide_v at_o night_n either_o in_o the_o town_n or_o in_o the_o suburb_n but_o aboard_o their_o own_o ship_n and_o in_o canton_n where_o they_o find_v the_o most_o courteous_a usage_n they_o may_v not_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n abide_v one_o night_n within_o the_o city_n wall_n but_o as_o in_o the_o morning_n their_o name_n be_v register_v at_o their_o enter_v into_o the_o city_n so_o they_o come_v at_o night_n and_o blot_n out_o the_o same_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n i_o can_v then_o but_o afford_v a_o taste_n of_o the_o whole_a trade_n by_o a_o little_a that_o i_o have_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o collection_n of_o other_o which_o must_v serve_v for_o a_o model_n to_o the_o frame_n and_o foundation_n of_o what_o be_v practise_v in_o other_o city_n throughout_o this_o empire_n which_o i_o will_v comprehend_v under_o the_o title_n of_o maccau_n most_o frequent_v by_o our_o nation_n chap._n xcix_o of_o maccau_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o maccau_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o island_n and_o town_n of_o maccau_n as_o the_o place_n best_o know_v upon_o this_o coast_n to_o our_o nation_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o a_o bay_n which_o be_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o canton_n which_o run_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n of_o quinsay_v speak_v of_o before_o opposite_a to_o which_o stand_v the_o great_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o i_o mention_v as_o the_o place_n where_o be_v find_v the_o present_a staple_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o china_n and_o thither_o do_v merchant_n of_o all_o part_n frequent_a to_o buy_v and_o barter_n for_o other_o commodity_n with_o the_o restriction_n and_o limitation_n above_o specify_v and_o as_o for_o maccau_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o portugal_n intermix_v with_o the_o natural_a chinese_n the_o principal_a of_o their_o commerce_n be_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o canton_n from_o whence_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o china_n be_v find_v to_o issue_n and_o here_o the_o portugal_n at_o the_o arrival_n of_o their_o ship_n do_v choose_v out_o a_o factor_n among_o themselves_o who_o be_v permit_v in_o all_o their_o behalf_n to_o go_v to_o trade_n for_o they_o at_o câ—…ton_n but_o in_o the_o night_n he_o be_v to_o abide_v in_o the_o suburb_n under_o severe_a punishment_n as_o i_o have_v before_o remember_v japan_n a_o particular_a ship_n yearly_o touch_v here_o from_o goa_n to_o japan_n here_o be_v find_v a_o ship_n to_o come_v yearly_a out_o of_o india_n by_o a_o particular_a licence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o captain_n be_v place_n be_v ever_o bestow_v upon_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o reward_n of_o some_o former_a service_n as_o indeed_o all_o the_o captain_n place_n of_o the_o fortress_n of_o india_n be_v from_o maccau_n the_o say_a ship_n then_o have_v dispatch_v her_o business_n do_v sail_n to_o japan_n and_o there_o full_o discharge_v her_o lade_n and_o thence_o return_v again_o to_o maccau_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o malacca_n and_o so_o to_o goa_n in_o india_n and_o though_o this_o voyage_n of_o japan_n be_v ever_o grant_v by_o particular_a licence_n to_o some_o one_o in_o particular_a yet_o to_o maccau_n and_o malacca_n any_o merchant_n may_v go_v that_o will_n but_o none_o may_v yet_o lade_v or_o unlade_v in_o either_o place_n before_o such_o time_n as_o the_o ship_n term_v of_o the_o king_n be_v full_o dispatch_v and_o lade_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o depart_v for_o india_n it_o be_v record_v by_o some_o portugal_n that_o this_o captain_n be_v place_n may_v be_v worth_a to_o he_o for_o his_o part_n 200000_o ducat_n and_o that_o the_o say_a ship_n be_v common_o 1500_o tun_n in_o burden_n and_o that_o the_o voyage_n continue_v for_o three_o year_n from_o india_n and_o so_o back_o for_o in_o april_n they_o set_v sail_n from_o goa_n to_o malacca_n where_o they_o abide_v some_o season_n for_o the_o wind_n or_o monsons_n which_o at_o certain_a time_n blow_v certain_a set_v month_n together_o and_o then_o from_o malacca_n they_o sail_v hither_o to_o maccau_n where_o they_o stay_v at_o least_o nine_o month_n for_o the_o say_v monsons_n and_o then_o sail_v to_o japan_n where_o they_o must_v stay_v likewise_o certain_a month_n for_o the_o dispatch_n of_o their_o business_n
great_a nation_n but_o my_o ignorance_n herein_o do_v silence_v i_o therefore_o it_o shall_v content_v i_o to_o have_v survey_v it_o in_o the_o general_n and_o to_o have_v leave_v behind_o i_o what_o observation_n i_o have_v be_v able_a to_o collect_v of_o the_o traffic_n and_o trader_n of_o those_o vast_a and_o large_a territory_n and_o country_n know_v that_o their_o strange_a custom_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o law_n and_o government_n debar_v all_o easy_a access_n into_o their_o dominion_n and_o what_o other_o must_v not_o dare_v to_o see_v i_o must_v not_o dare_v to_o offer_v to_o recount_v to_o conclude_v then_o have_v thus_o run_v over_o and_o survey_v the_o general_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n of_o asia_n i_o will_v now_o turn_v myself_o towards_o europe_n the_o last_o division_n of_o the_o world_n and_o of_o this_o work_n and_o as_o the_o best_a know_v to_o we_o and_o the_o best_a repute_v of_o we_o of_o europe_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n cx_o of_o europe_n the_o last_o division_n of_o the_o world_n here_o handle_v and_o the_o kingdom_n thereof_o part_n europe_n 15_o part_n europe_n which_o i_o have_v willing_o omit_v as_o last_v and_o principal_a come_v now_o to_o be_v survey_v that_o the_o trade_n thereof_o may_v the_o better_o appear_v in_o her_o particular_a province_n and_o city_n shall_v be_v in_o prerogative_n of_o worth_a the_o chief_a and_o first_o but_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n i_o show_v the_o best_a last_n and_o the_o worst_a first_o europe_n then_o be_v divide_v into_o these_o province_n and_o island_n 1_o spain_n 2_o france_n 3_o italy_n 4_o belgia_n 5_o germany_n 6_o denmark_n 7_o norway_n 8_o sweden_n 9_o muscovia_n 10_o poland_n 11_o hungary_n 12_o dacia_n 13_o slavonia_n 14_o graecia_n the_o island_n of_o europe_n be_v disperse_v through_o these_o sea_n 1_o greek_a sea_n 2_o egean_a sea_n 3_o cretan_a sea_n 4_o ionian_a sea_n 5_o adriatic_a sea_n 6_o mediterranean_a sea_n 7_o british_a sea_n 8_o northern_a sea_n of_o all_o which_o in_o order_n and_o of_o each_o of_o these_o division_n in_o order_n chap._n cxi_o of_o spain_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o spain_n spain_n spain_n the_o most_o western_a continent_n of_o europe_n be_v environ_v on_o all_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n except_o towards_o france_n from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n and_o the_o fortress_n of_o pampelona_n on_o the_o northwest_n and_o perpignan_n on_o the_o southeast_n spain_n commodity_n of_o spain_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n yield_v for_o merchandise_n be_v wine_n sugar_n oil_n metal_n liquorish_a rice_n silk_n wool_n cork_n rosin_n steel_n orange_n lemon_n raisin_n almond_n etc._n etc._n anniseed_n anchovy_n soda_fw-it barillia_fw-la fig_n tunny-fish_n iron_n shumack_n saffron_n soap_n coriander_n hony_n wax_n etc._n etc._n spain_n be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o twelve_o province_n which_o former_o be_v petty_a kingdom_n viz._n 1._o leon_n &_o oviedo_n 2._o navarre_n 3._o corduba_n 4._o gallicia_n 5._o biscay_n 6._o toledo_n 7._o murâ—ia_n 8._o castille_n 9_o portugal_n 10_o valentia_n 11._o catalonia_n 12._o arragon_n of_o which_o in_o order_n with_o their_o city_n of_o note_n and_o traffic_v 2._o leon_n 1_o oviedo_n 2._o in_o leon_n and_o oviedo_n i_o find_v no_o city_n of_o trade_n memorable_a the_o city_n of_o leon_n be_v the_o principal_a and_o be_v the_o principality_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o spain_n under_o the_o name_n of_o asturiaâ—_n 2._o navarra_n 2._o in_o navarre_n be_v of_o note_n the_o city_n of_o pampelona_n famous_a for_o her_o fortification_n and_o not_o for_o her_o negotiation_n 4._o corduba_n 4._o corduba_n be_v account_v the_o most_o fertile_a soil_n of_o all_o spain_n and_o have_v corduba_n for_o a_o principal_a city_n from_o whence_o come_v that_o excellent_a cordovant_n leather_n know_v to_o we_o 2._o marchena_n a_o principal_a breeder_n of_o the_o best_a genets_n in_o spain_n also_o 3._o medina_n sidonia_n who_o duke_n be_v principal_a commander_n of_o that_o pretend_a invincible_a armado_n 1588._o also_o lucardi_n barameda_n a_o great_a haven-town_n xere_n which_o yield_v the_o wine_n know_v sherry_n sack_n because_o the_o spaniard_n be_v find_v to_o pronounce_v x_o as_o sh_n in_o english_a and_o also_o sevil_n which_o require_v according_a to_o my_o method_n for_o her_o worth_n and_o eminency_n of_o trade_n a_o chapter_n by_o itself_o chap._n xciii_o of_o sevil_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o sevil_n be_v account_v the_o fair_a city_n of_o all_o spain_n in_o compass_n six_o mile_n environ_v with_o beautiful_a wall_n and_o adorn_v with_o many_o stately_a building_n as_o palace_n church_n and_o monastery_n one_o whereof_o be_v endow_v with_o 25000_o crown_n annual_a rent_n the_o river_n baetis_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n yet_o join_v by_o a_o stately_a bridge_n from_o hence_o the_o spaniard_n set_v out_o towards_o the_o western_a india_n and_o hither_o return_v again_o to_o unlade_v the_o riches_n of_o those_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o principal_o be_v find_v to_o be_v silver_n tobacco_n ginger_n cotton_n sugar_n brasil_n and_o ferinand_n bucquewood_n and_o some_o drug_n here_o be_v 30000_o geneâ—s_n maintain_v continual_o for_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n his_o service_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n be_v of_o that_o greatness_n that_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n the_o custom_n of_o this_o town_n only_o be_v worth_a unto_o the_o king_n half_o a_o million_o of_o gold_n yearly_a and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o sevil_n be_v hold_v so_o rich_a that_o his_o rend_a amount_n to_o 100000_o crown_n yearly_a and_o have_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n 2000_o small_a village_n and_o consequent_o in_o his_o whole_a diocese_n 2000_o benefice_n beside_o friary_n nunnery_n and_o hospital_n and_o esteem_v the_o next_o in_o degree_n to_o he_o of_o toledo_n the_o rarity_n of_o this_o place_n i_o willing_o omit_v as_o well_o know_v to_o out_o nation_n madera_n account_n keep_v in_o sevil_n and_o madera_n in_o sevil_n madera_n etc._n etc._n the_o merchant_n keep_v their_o account_n by_o marvedy_n of_o which_o 375_o be_v esteem_v to_o make_v a_o ducat_n of_o exx_n o_o 11_o rial_n every_o rial_n be_v 37_o mal._n and_o so_o be_v but_o 374_o mal._n but_o our_o english_a there_o resident_a keep_v their_o account_n in_o rial_n of_o 34._o mal._n the_o rial_n sevil_n coin_n of_o sevil_n their_o current_a money_n be_v these_o a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n of_o sevil_n be_v worth_a 375_o marvedy_n account_v 5_o s._n 6_o d._n sterl_n a_o rial_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a in_o sevil_n 34_o marvedy_n and_o be_v so_o worth_a throughout_o all_o spain_n which_o be_v account_v 6_o d._n sterling_a money_n a_o dobra_n current_n be_v worth_a of_o carlin_n money_n â—1_n â—7_n marvedy_n every_o 1000_o dobras_n be_v 80_o v._o 883_o marvedy_n and_o be_v account_v in_o merchandise_n 71_o mar._n and_o be_v worth_a in_o valentia_n at_o even_a hand_n 4_o sold._n 7._o den._n 1_o 10_o of_o valentia_n money_n without_o charge_n of_o exch._n a_o dobra_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a 375_o marvedy_n or_o be_v above_o a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n a_o castilian_a of_o merchandise_n be_v worth_a 485_o marvedy_n about_o 7_o s._n star_z vide_fw-la money_n in_o castille_n current_n in_o all_o spain_n sevil._n exchange_n in_o sevil._n their_o exx_n o_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o imaginary_a ducat_n of_o 375_o mar._n payable_a in_o banco_n with_o five_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la which_o be_v the_o banco_n salary_n or_o without_o the_o banco_n to_o be_v pay_v without_o the_o same_o and_o this_o ducat_n be_v common_o term_v ducato_n de_fw-fr oro_fw-la or_o de_fw-fr peso_fw-mi and_o be_v worth_a as_o above_o 375_o marvedy_n in_o sevil_n they_o make_v their_o payment_n as_o follow_v if_o you_o say_v in_o ducat_n di_fw-it oro_fw-la oâ—_n de_fw-fr castilia_n upon_o banco_n those_o be_v then_o pay_v in_o banco_n without_o loss_n at_o all_o but_o if_o you_o say_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o so_o many_o ducat_n doro_n in_o pistolet_n forth_o of_o banco_n they_o will_v pay_v in_o the_o say_a money_n but_o if_o it_o be_v say_v to_o pay_v in_o carlins_n it_o will_v cost_v ½_n and_o sometime_o ¾_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la loss_n but_o because_o i_o have_v at_o large_a in_o the_o tract_n of_o exchange_n in_o the_o chapter_n 294_o and_o 426_o treat_v of_o the_o exchange_n of_o this_o place_n therefore_o i_o will_v to_o avoid_v repetition_n refer_v the_o reader_n thereunto_o for_o further_a and_o ample_a satisfaction_n sevil._n weight_n of_o sevil._n there_o be_v use_v in_o sevil_n three_o weight_n or_o kintars_n as_o first_o the_o small_a which_o comprehend_v 112_o l._n of_o four_o rove_n of_o 28_o pound_n a_o rove_n the_o next_o be_v of_o 120_o l._n of_o four_o rove_n of_o 30_o l._n to_o a_o rove_n the_o
gather_v these_o observation_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o these_o place_n the_o coin_n be_v here_o current_a with_o all_o spain_n which_o be_v a_o spanish_a rial_n distinguish_v into_o white_a quarty_n four_o to_o a_o rial_n and_o 4½_n black_a quartile_n to_o a_o single_a rial_n and_o account_v by_o 34_o marâ—…dies_n to_o the_o say_a rial_n bilboa_n weight_n of_o bilboa_n there_o be_v here_o in_o use_n two_o quintar_n the_o one_o proper_a to_o the_o iron_n here_o make_v which_o produce_v in_o london_n 158_o l._n and_o the_o other_o be_v the_o sutle_n 100_o l._n produce_v here_o about_o 111_o to_o 112_o l._n bilboa_n measure_n of_o bilboa_n their_o measure_n here_o of_o length_n be_v the_o vare_fw-la 100_o yard_n be_v here_o 109_o vares_n and_o the_o 100_o flemish_a ell_n whereby_o bay_n be_v buy_v in_o england_n be_v here_o 80_o vares_n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o hanega_n and_o five_o hanegae_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v a_o quarter_n english_a bilboa_n custom_n of_o bilboa_n the_o custom_n here_o be_v 2½_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la and_o value_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v sell_v and_o not_o pay_v till_o sell_v but_o note_n that_o no_o commodity_n pay_v here_o any_o custom_n but_o what_o be_v either_o to_o be_v eat_v drunken_a or_o burn_v and_o if_o a_o merchant_n hap_n to_o make_v a_o bad_a debt_n of_o above_o 500_o l._n the_o custom_n thereof_o be_v not_o pay_v all_o toledo_n toledo_n in_o toledo_n be_v the_o city_n of_o toledo_n famous_a for_o its_o archbishopric_n who_o rent_n look_v as_o high_a as_o 300000_o crown_n yearly_a it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o spain_n but_o of_o no_o great_a consequence_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n know_v to_o we_o as_o improper_a for_o the_o same_o by_o its_o situation_n be_v a_o inland_n city_n and_o over-traded_n by_o shurchman_n in_o murcia_n there_o be_v three_o town_n of_o note_n murcia_n murcia_n murcia_n the_o first_o as_o principal_a of_o the_o province_n cartagena_n cartagena_n cartagena_n the_o second_o as_o have_v a_o most_o excellent_a haven_n and_o agree_v in_o weight_n and_o measure_n with_o alicant_n that_o be_v the_o three_o that_o have_v choice_a wine_n and_o good_a trade_n by_o its_o commodious_a situation_n of_o the_o two_o former_a i_o can_v say_v much_o in_o the_o latter_a have_v live_v some_o year_n i_o observe_v these_o rule_n in_o the_o course_n and_o trade_n of_o the_o place_n chap._n cxv_o of_o alicant_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o alicant_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o alicant_n seat_v on_o the_o mediterranean_a shore_n as_o malaga_n almeria_n and_o cartagena_n be_v be_v of_o late_a year_n become_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o commodious_a road_n to_o be_v the_o scale_n of_o the_o city_n of_o valentia_n where_o the_o principal_a merchant_n thereof_o reside_v and_o have_v here_o their_o factor_n and_o respondent_o that_o negotiate_v their_o affair_n for_o they_o it_o afford_v wine_n raisin_n licoris_n soda_fw-it barillia_fw-la basse_fw-fr rope_n soap_n hence_o call_v alicant_n soaps_o aniseed_n and_o such_o alicant_n coin_n of_o alicant_n the_o money_n be_v those_o of_o valentia_n see_v there_o far_o keep_v account_n keep_v merchant_n keep_v their_o account_n here_o in_o liver_n sold_n and_o denier_n twelve_o denier_n make_v a_o soldo_n twenty_o shilling_n a_o liver_n which_o be_v account_v to_o be_v five_o shilling_n sterâ—_n as_o the_o soldo_n threepence_n and_o the_o denier_n a_o farthing_n alicant_n weight_n of_o alicant_n their_o know_a great_a weight_n be_v a_o cargo_n which_o be_v 10_o rove_n of_o 24_o l._n and_o of_o 36_o l._n to_o the_o rove_n the_o rove_n of_o 24_o l._n be_v 18_o ounce_n and_o the_o rove_v of_o 36_o l._n be_v twelve_o ounce_n by_o which_o be_v sell_v pepper_n rice_n almond_n clove_n spice_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o value_n all_o gross_a commodity_n be_v weigh_v by_o 24._o l._n to_o the_o rove_n and_o four_o to_o the_o quintal_n the_o cargo_n make_v 280_o l._n averdupois_n and_o the_o quintal_n make_v 96_o l._n in_o england_n all_o sugar_n drug_n and_o tin_n be_v weigh_v by_o a_o small_a quintal_n which_o be_v 120_o l._n of_o twelve_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n which_o be_v about_o 18_o or_o 20_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la less_o than_o the_o english_a 112_o l._n soda_fw-it barillia_fw-la carry_v hence_o to_o venetia_n to_o make_v glass_n and_o to_o marselia_n to_o make_v hard_a shap_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v a_o cantar_n 133_o lib._n of_o provence_n weight_n a_o general_a rule_n in_o alicant_n weight_n but_o because_o this_o diversity_n of_o weight_n may_v seem_v troublesome_a to_o be_v understand_v observe_v this_o general_a rule_n 96_o l._n of_o 18_o ounce_n be_v 144_o l._n of_o 12_o ounce_n and_o be_v the_o great_a quintal_n 80_o l._n of_o 18_o ounce_n be_v 120_o l._n of_o twelve_o ounce_n and_o be_v the_o small_a quintal_n the_o difference_n find_v be_v 16_o l._n of_o 18_o ounce_n per_fw-la libram_fw-la and_o 24_o l._n of_o twelve_o ounce_n l._n from_o the_o great_a to_o the_o small_a quintal_n alicant_n measure_n of_o alicant_n their_o common_a measure_n be_v the_o vare_fw-la which_o be_v â…™_n less_o than_o the_o english_a yard_n their_o wine_n measure_n be_v a_o cantaro_n which_o be_v about_o 12_o quart_n english_a their_o corn_n measure_n be_v a_o cassise_n about_o 3_o bushel_n english_a custom_n custom_n their_o custom_n be_v 11_o denier_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la liver_n which_o be_v 4½_n per_fw-la cent_n and_o be_v payable_a 8_o denier_n to_o the_o duana_n and_o 3_o denier_n sisa_n which_o be_v pay_v as_o well_o by_o the_o buyer_n as_o the_o seller_n and_o as_o often_o as_o any_o good_n be_v either_o buy_v sell_v or_o barter_v so_o often_o be_v the_o say_a custom_n pay_v by_o buyer_n and_o seller_n 9_o per_fw-la cent_n see_v valentia_n far_o castille_n castille_n the_o next_o be_v castille_n the_o most_o prevalent_a province_n of_o all_o spain_n and_o whence_o the_o spainiard_n entitle_v themselves_o castilian_n and_o to_o which_o all_o the_o other_o be_v unite_v either_o by_o conquest_n or_o intermarriage_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o new_a and_o old_a segovia_n segovia_n in_o which_o be_v first_o the_o city_n of_o segovia_n whence_o come_v our_o fine_a segovia_n cloth_n make_v by_o wool_n that_o first_o have_v their_o original_n from_o our_o english_a sheep_n valladolid_n valladolid_n second_o valladolid_n a_o university_n which_o yield_v no_o commodity_n but_o english_a papistical_a fugitive_n burges_n burges_n next_o burges_n famous_a as_o contend_v with_o toledo_n for_o the_o primateship_n of_o spain_n salamanca_n salamanca_n next_o salamanca_n the_o most_o famous_a academy_n of_o all_o spain_n these_o be_v in_o old_a castille_n in_o new_a castille_n be_v find_v these_o city_n madrid_n madrid_n first_o madrid_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o from_o a_o little_a village_n become_v a_o populous_a and_o large_a city_n alcala_n alcala_n second_o alcala_n three_o alcantara_n escurial_n escurial_n and_o last_o the_o escurial_n build_v by_o philip_n the_o second_o and_o which_o cost_v four_o million_o the_o sructure_n in_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v not_o observe_v any_o eminent_a city_n of_o trading_n yet_o because_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o spain_n in_o general_n have_v in_o many_o thing_n a_o dependency_n upon_o the_o rule_n and_o order_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n belong_v hereunto_o i_o will_v therefore_o to_o shorten_v my_o work_n as_o well_o in_o the_o succeed_a as_o in_o some_o preceding_n town_n give_v you_o a_o touch_v of_o the_o trade_n hereof_o under_o the_o title_n of_o madrid_n or_o castille_n chap._n cxvi_o of_o madrid_n in_o castille_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o castilia_n castilia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o coin_n of_o castilia_n the_o general_a coin_n of_o castille_n i_o account_v as_o the_o general_a coin_n pass_v throughout_o spain_n which_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v when_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o any_o city_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o key_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o then_o court_n of_o spain_n be_v common_o in_o madrid_n in_o castilia_n the_o ducat_n be_v worth_a 〈◊〉_d marvedy_n and_o be_v call_v by_o some_o a_o dobra_n of_o castille_n a_o castiliano_fw-mi be_v worth_a 485_o marvedy_n a_o florin_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a 265_o marvedy_n almost_o four_o shilling_n sterling_a quento_fw-it quento_fw-it a_o ducat_n count_n or_o quento_n of_o marvedy_n be_v a_o million_o a_o count_n or_o quento_n of_o marvedy_n be_v ducat_n 2666â…“_n and_o at_o dobra_n it_o be_v worth_a 2739_o 57_o 78_o 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v sterling_a 733_o l._n 6._o 8_o d._n a_o rial_n single_a of_o castille_n be_v worth_a 34_o marvedy_n which_o be_v 6_o d._n sterling_a a_o quento_n of_o marvedy_n be_v worth_a 3258_o rial_n and_o 3_o marvedy_n a_o crown_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a 323_o marvedy_n but_o of_o they_o you_o need_v not_o make_v payment_n
denier_n per_fw-la l._n be_v only_o pay_v and_o no_o more_o their_o payment_n in_o custom_n and_o all_o other_o way_n be_v in_o valentia_n money_n and_o worth_a 3_o per_fw-la cent_n to_o be_v convert_v into_o spanish_a rial_n there_o be_v also_o a_o duty_n call_v a_o mottahecos_n which_o be_v a_o pound_n of_o pepper_n on_o each_o quintar_n and_o so_o upon_o other_o fine_a good_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o remember_v needful_a in_o this_o argument_n and_o so_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o province_n which_o be_v catalonia_n and_o as_o for_o the_o exchange_n here_o practise_v see_v far_o in_o the_o 291_o and_o 426_o chapter_n catalonia_n catalonia_n in_o catalonia_n be_v only_o famous_a the_o city_n of_o barcelona_n the_o principal_a of_o this_o province_n where_o have_v good_a cause_n of_o the_o remembrance_n of_o my_o be_v here_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o imprisonment_n in_o the_o inquisition_n anno_fw-la 1618._o i_o must_v according_a to_o my_o method_n afford_v the_o city_n traffic_n a_o 〈◊〉_d of_o observation_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o their_o love_n and_o pain_n in_o my_o release_n move_v thereto_o partly_o by_o the_o affection_n i_o have_v gain_v with_o many_o the_o chief_a merchant_n but_o especial_o leave_v the_o same_o may_v deter_v other_o english_a from_o come_v to_o traffic_v and_o inhabit_v among_o they_o and_o furnish_v their_o necessity_n with_o english_a commodity_n which_o they_o seem_v much_o to_o desire_v and_o oftentime_n much_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o chap._n cxix_o of_o barcelona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o barcelona_n barcelona_n barcelona_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o mediterranean_a shore_n and_o enter_v into_o that_o gulf_n which_o be_v so_o terrible_a to_o navigator_n in_o these_o part_n call_v the_o gulf_n of_o lion_n it_o have_v a_o reasonable_a commodious_a and_o safe_a harbour_n and_o the_o citizen_n do_v winterly_a enlarge_v and_o lengthen_v the_o same_o by_o add_v to_o their_o mould_n that_o ship_n of_o burden_n may_v come_v within_o the_o same_o what_o i_o obser_v here_o anno_fw-la 1618._o i_o will_v brief_o declare_v barcelona_n coin_n in_o barcelona_n their_o money_n current_n in_o merchandise_n beside_o the_o rial_n of_o castille_n be_v a_o liver_n which_o passeâ—_n here_o at_o 20_o sold_n and_o a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a 24_o sell_v of_o the_o say_a money_n and_o the_o soldo_fw-it be_v twelve_o denier_n of_o that_o money_n wherein_o they_o be_v find_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n barcelona_n weight_n in_o barcelona_n their_o cantar_n be_v a_o 100_o l._n which_o be_v english_a 92_o l._n or_o thereabouts_o and_o have_v make_v by_o observation_n in_o florence_n 123_o l._n genoa_n 130_o l._n valentia_n 106_o l._n marselia_n 104_o l._n venetia_n soot_n 140_o l._n length_n measure_n of_o length_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o can_v consist_v of_o eight_o palm_n and_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v thâ—…_n brace_n in_o florence_n and_o in_o england_n find_v to_o produce_v 1â…œ_n yard_n english_a and_o in_o naples_n 〈◊〉_d be_v find_v to_o make_v 6â…œ_n palm_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o quarter_n one_o salmo_n be_v four_o quarter_n sell_v always_o 〈◊〉_d of_o all_o custom_n 2â…“_n quarter_n make_v a_o cargo_n or_o load_n which_o be_v account_v 360_o l._n as_o be_v that_o 〈◊〉_d mention_v aforego_v in_o valentia_n wool_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rove_n which_o be_v 30_o l._n make_v 26_o l._n of_o venetia_n gross_a whither_o the_o same_o be_v common_o transport_v and_o in_o florence_n 36_o l._n all_o gross_a good_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o cargo_n account_v 3_o kintars_n which_o be_v 440_o l._n sutle_n of_o venâ—…_n and_o 278_o l._n gross_a there_o which_o be_v 372_o l._n in_o florence_n and_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v english_a 3000â—_n averdupois_n tortosa_n tortosa_n in_o this_o province_n lie_v also_o tortosa_n a_o fine_a small_a city_n but_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o inhabitant_n â—…ing_v account_v as_o moor_n be_v some_o year_n before_o my_o be_v here_o banish_v this_o country_n 〈◊〉_d therefore_o most_o place_n lie_v waste_n and_o many_o village_n be_v here_o along_o find_v without_o inhabitâ—…_n and_o the_o ground_n to_o want_v labourer_n arragon_n arragon_n the_o next_o province_n be_v arragon_n wherein_o be_v tarragon_n a_o fine_a and_o handsome_a city_n but_o 〈◊〉_d the_o banishment_n of_o many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o above_o be_v say_v now_o make_v poor_a in_o my_o 〈◊〉_d there_o in_o 1618._o i_o find_v it_o most_o to_o consist_v in_o make_v of_o silk_n here_o buy_v and_o carry_v to_o irlentia_n to_o be_v wrought_v saragosa_n saragosa_n the_o principal_a city_n hereof_o be_v saragosa_n which_o shall_v challenge_v a_o 〈◊〉_d particular_a relation_n as_o be_v commodious_o seat_v for_o traffic_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n 〈◊〉_d ebro_n but_o be_v a_o university_n it_o be_v too_o great_a a_o honour_n for_o a_o inland_n town_n to_o prodâ—_n famous_a scholar_n and_o eminent_a merchant_n yet_o in_o the_o current_a coin_n it_o be_v observe_v to_o rule_v as_o 〈◊〉_d vâ—dentia_n and_o because_o there_o be_v find_v practise_v here_o a_o great_a exchange_n i_o have_v insert_v 〈◊〉_d same_o by_o itself_o chapter_n 292_o in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n with_o all_o circumstance_n thereunto_o appertain_v and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n find_v at_o this_o day_n comprise_v 〈◊〉_d the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n chap._n cxx_o of_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o spain_n reduce_v to_o the_o english_a hundred_o england_n weight_n of_o spain_n reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o england_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n thus_o survey_v it_o will_v not_o be_v unworthy_a our_o observation_n first_o to_o see_v how_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o some_o other_o lesser_a city_n here_o omit_v concur_v with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o england_n and_o then_o take_v a_o general_a view_n of_o the_o trade_n which_o be_v in_o general_n find_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o those_o kingdom_n now_o unite_v and_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o castilia_n first_o then_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n i_o will_v reduce_v they_o to_o the_o subtle_a 100_o l._n of_o london_n which_o by_o observation_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o sevil_n 108_o l._n by_o great_a quintar_n of_o 144_o l._n of_o four_o rove_n of_o 36_o l._n small_a quintar_n of_o 112_o l._n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 28_o l._n by_o lesser_a quintar_n of_o 120_o l._n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 30_o l._n granado_n and_o almeria_n bona_fw-la 104_o l._n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 89_o l._n be_v of_o silk_n and_o copper_n of_o 18_o ounce_n 52_o l._n great_a weight_n for_o flesh_n 32_o ounce_n castilia_n medina_n del_fw-it campo_n 98_o l._n burgos_n 89_o rot._n arragon_n and_o barcelona_n 102_o l._n 92_o l._n great_a weight_n for_o woollen_a 126_o l._n small_a weight_n for_o saffron_n valentia_n 102_o l._n by_o quintar_n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 30_o l._n for_o spice_n 129_o l._n by_o quintar_n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 36_o l._n the_o cargo_n be_v those_o quintar_n of_o 360_o l._n and_o the_o great_a of_o 432_o l._n london_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n leon_n 105_o l._n saragosâ—…_n 108_o l._n and_o by_o the_o small_a quintar_n 126_o l._n savalonâ—…_n and_o salanico_fw-la 126_o l._n viliaco_n 77_o l._n note_v here_o that_o the_o island_n of_o the_o canary_n and_o all_o the_o island_n of_o spain_n use_v the_o weight_n of_o sevil_n as_o aforesaid_a now_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n 100_o l._n london_n make_v in_o portugal_n rot._n 104_o l._n the_o great_a quintar_n of_o 128_o l._n the_o small_a quintar_n of_o 112_o l._n contain_v each_o 4_o rove_n of_o 32_o l._n and_o 28_o l._n note_v here_o that_o there_o be_v allowance_n make_v four_o upon_o the_o hundred_o upon_o sugar_n and_o two_o and_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o cotton_n wool_n and_o such_o like_a the_o small_a quintar_n be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o contractation-house_n of_o the_o indies_n all_o spice_n be_v weigh_v thereby_o but_o all_o be_v weigh_v by_o the_o great_a quintal_n and_o reduce_v upon_o the_o lesser_a quintar_n one_o quintar_n of_o wax_n be_v one_o quintar_n and_o half_a of_o 112_o l._n be_v 168_o l._n madera_n 104_o rotolos_n cape_n verd._n 104_o rot._n saint_n thomas_n 104_o rot._n guinea_n 104_o rot._n marocâ—…_n in_o barbary_n 104_o rot._n or_o pound_n by_o the_o quintar_n of_o 128_o l._n fea_z and_o suus_fw-la in_o barbary_n 92_o l._n calicut_n 77_o aracoles_n note_v here_o they_o sell_v by_o the_o baccar_fw-la or_o bahar_n be_v at_o lisbon_n four_o quintar_n of_o 112_o l._n and_o observe_v that_o the_o bahar_n be_v 4_o quintar_n for_o 120_o aracoles_n the_o bahar_n or_o bahor_n be_v 20_o faracoles_n of_o
etc._n etc._n which_o the_o english_a fetch_n from_o they_o in_o great_a abundance_n so_o that_o it_o be_v of_o late_a year_n observe_v that_o the_o planter_n of_o these_o fruit_n and_o their_o wine_n merchant_n have_v by_o our_o overgreedy_a purchase_n of_o these_o commodity_n raise_v to_o themselves_o fair_a estate_n two_o thing_n i_o observe_v during_o my_o abode_n here_o that_o be_v great_a let_n and_o impediment_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o one_o be_v the_o banishment_n of_o the_o moor_n that_o here_o in_o great_a number_n inhabit_a who_o painful_o and_o industrious_o manure_v their_o land_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n and_o thrifty_a live_n raise_v to_o their_o landlord_n and_o to_o themselves_o good_a and_o great_a estate_n the_o which_o now_o for_o many_o thousand_o thousand_o acre_n lie_v waste_v and_o desolate_a whole_a town_n and_o village_n be_v depopulate_v and_o the_o lord_n castle_n and_o manor_n appear_v ruin_v and_o decay_a want_v the_o pain_n of_o these_o poor_a people_n that_o give_v their_o lord_n and_o lordship_n mean_n of_o subsistency_n the_o second_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o many_o genoa_n merchant_n among_o they_o who_o be_v find_v in_o good_a number_n to_o abide_v in_o every_o good_a city_n especial_o on_o the_o sea_n coast_n who_o skill_n and_o acuteness_n in_o trade_n far_o surpass_v the_o natural_a spaniard_n or_o portugal_n and_o who_o by_o mean_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o continual_a practice_n of_o exchange_n be_v find_v to_o devour_v that_o bread_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n may_v otherwise_o be_v sufficient_o say_v with_o and_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v ever_o engage_v to_o their_o commonwealth_n for_o great_a and_o vast_a sum_n at_o interest_n he_o be_v their_o debtor_n not_o only_o for_o their_o money_n but_o a_o so_o for_o their_o favour_n which_o by_o many_o immunity_n throughout_o his_o kingdom_n he_o be_v find_v continual_o to_o requite_v they_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o genoa_n merchant_n resident_a in_o spain_n in_o any_o part_n but_o have_v a_o particular_a licence_n to_o export_v the_o rial_n and_o plate_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o a_o certain_a round_a sum_n yearly_o which_o they_o seldom_o use_v real_o to_o do_v but_o sell_v the_o same_o to_o other_o nation_n that_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v their_o return_n in_o plate_n for_o want_v of_o other_o more_o beneficial_a commodity_n which_o for_o the_o certain_a profit_n it_o be_v find_v ever_o to_o yield_v in_o other_o country_n be_v often_o prefer_v before_o all_o the_o other_o commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n a_o three_o reason_n of_o hindrance_n i_o may_v add_v hereto_o which_o be_v though_o current_a coin_n wherein_o all_o commodity_n be_v sell_v and_o buy_v for_o in_o many_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n base_a and_o of_o copper_n and_o brass_n which_o to_o convert_v into_o rial_n and_o good_a money_n be_v find_v to_o cost_v the_o change_n in_o some_o place_n 5_o in_o some_o 10_o in_o some_o 15_o in_o some_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v the_o first_o penny_n the_o great_a custom_n also_o pay_v in_o many_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v likewise_o a_o great_a let_v and_o hinderer_n of_o trade_n in_o general_a which_o wherefoever_o the_o same_o be_v by_o the_o sovereign_n levy_v will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o insensible_o devour_v and_o consume_v a_o flourish_a traffic_n and_o enforce_v the_o suffer_a merchant_n either_o total_o to_o give_v over_o or_o bend_v his_o trade_n where_o he_o shall_v find_v the_o burden_n thereof_o light_a and_o more_o easy_o to_o be_v bear_v and_o endure_v now_o as_o for_o commodity_n which_o other_o nation_n be_v find_v to_o bring_v unto_o they_o and_o of_o which_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n partly_o to_o supply_v their_o own_o necessity_n and_o partly_o to_o maintain_v their_o west-india_n traffic_n as_o this_o england_n bring_v they_o great_a store_n of_o newlandish_a fish_n irish_a salmon_n pilchard_n herring_n lead_v tin_n calves-skin_n bays_n say_v serge_n and_o other_o english_a manufacture_n and_o in_o return_n have_v only_o thence_o wine_n fruit_n oil_n some_o indigo_n and_o sugar_n ginger_n and_o the_o like_a india_n commodity_n east_n country_n furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n cordage_n mast_n pitch_n tar_n rosin_n fir-board_n and_o other_o timber_n and_o only_o return_v thence_o the_o commodity_n abovenamed_a only_o it_o be_v ever_o lawful_a to_o he_o that_o bring_v corn_n to_o carry_v out_o rial_n of_o plate_n in_o return_n thereof_o france_n send_v they_o corn_n linen_n paper_n and_o some_o petty_a manufacture_n and_o return_v thence_o plate_n wine_n fruit_n and_o some_o india_n spice_n italy_n afford_v they_o some_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n and_o have_v in_o return_v some_o raw_a silk_n segovia_n wool_n barillia_fw-la and_o such_o like_a and_o herein_o be_v comprehend_v the_o general_a traffic_n of_o spain_n at_o this_o time_n so_o pass_v the_o pyrenaean_n i_o will_v enter_v into_o france_n chap._n cxxii_o of_o france_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o france_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o france_n be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a kingdom_n of_o europe_n and_o it_o be_v the_o best_a that_o can_v subsist_v without_o the_o help_n of_o other_o it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o british_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o aquitain_n sea_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n east_n with_o the_o alps_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n rhine_n and_o a_o imaginary_a line_n draw_v from_o strasburg_n to_o callais_n france_n commodity_n of_o france_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n to_o her_o neighbour_n three_o natural_a notable_a commodity_n corn_n wine_n and_o salt_n the_o farm_n of_o salt_n only_o yearly_o bring_v into_o the_o king_n coffin_n 100000_o crown_n beside_o which_o it_o yield_v oil_n almond_n soap_n canvas_n coral_n paper_n wool_n linen_n fine_a and_o course_n nut_n beef_n and_o of_o late_a some_o stuff_n and_o cloth_n make_v of_o woollen_a etc._n etc._n there_o be_v reckon_v in_o this_o kingdom_n 25_o province_n the_o notable_a city_n of_o traffic_n find_v therein_o i_o shall_v orderly_o handle_v aquitania_n aquitania_n the_o first_o province_n be_v aquitain_n wherein_o be_v sound_v the_o note_a city_n of_o tholousa_n bourdeaâ—…_n and_o rochel_n of_o which_o a_o word_n in_o brief_a chap._n cxxiii_o of_o tholousa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o tholausa_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o tholousa_n be_v the_o parliament_n seat_n of_o aquitain_n and_o stand_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n gurâ—…_n which_o hence_o run_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o bordeaux_n and_o blay_n and_o so_o to_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v very_o plentiful_a in_o pastil_n or_o woad_n which_o hence_o be_v disperse_v into_o several_a country_n the_o country_n 〈◊〉_d afford_v any_o other_o notable_a commodity_n worth_n mention_v account_n coin_n and_o account_n their_o money_n be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o all_o france_n which_o in_o part_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o shall_v handle_v their_o account_n also_o here_o keep_v be_v as_o through_o all_o france_n in_o general_n in_o liver_n or_o frank_n soul_n and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n to_o a_o soul_n 20_o soul_n to_o a_o live_v or_o frank._n tholousa_n weight_n of_o tholousa_n the_o 100_o l._n or_o kintar_n of_o tholousa_n have_v be_v observe_v in_o woad_n for_o dyer_n to_z make_v in_o england_n 124_o l._n and_o the_o cargo_n by_o which_o the_o same_o be_v common_o sell_v to_o be_v 372_o l._n tholousa_n measure_n of_o tholousa_n the_o measure_n of_o this_o country_n be_v call_v the_o aulin_n and_o make_v in_o england_n 42_o inch_n by_o the_o rule_n tholousa_n woad_n of_o tholousa_n note_v that_o in_o tholousa_n there_o be_v a_o cantar_n also_o of_o 112_o l._n which_o be_v in_o use_n in_o all_o other_o commodity_n woad_n except_v sell_v by_o the_o cargo_n as_o above_o be_v mention_v and_o be_v hence_o send_v to_o narbon_n and_o thence_o disperse_v into_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n chap._n cxxiv_o of_o bordeaux_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o bordeaux_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o burdeaux_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n geronde_v before_o mention_v plentiful_o abound_v in_o those_o wine_n which_o be_v white_a and_o claret_n be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o this_o city_n here_o be_v also_o near_o this_o city_n the_o little_a village_n of_o le_fw-fr greve_n which_o give_v name_n to_o those_o grave_a wine_n which_o we_o esteem_v so_o excellent_a and_o between_o this_o town_n and_o tholousa_n lie_v those_o rich_a ground_n which_o yield_v those_o sweet_a wine_n by_o we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o high_a country_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bordeaux_n know_v
be_v inquisitive_a and_o circumspect_a to_o inform_v himself_o in_o the_o true_a worth_n and_o value_n thereofere_fw-la he_o part_n with_o his_o commodity_n paris_n weight_n of_o paris_n the_o quintal_n of_o paris_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o london_n near_o 100_o l._n subtle_a 2_o per_fw-la cent_n more_fw-it or_o less_o which_o in_o lion_n render_v of_o 16_o ounce_n 116_o l._n in_o venetia_n sotile_v 144_o l._n 100_o l._n sotile_a in_o venetia_n make_v in_o paris_n 62½_n l._n of_o 15_o ounce_n per_fw-la l._n the_o cargo_n or_o great_a quintal_n in_o paris_n be_v 300_o l._n of_o 12_o ounce_n per_fw-la l_o which_o make_v in_o florence_n 487_o l._n but_o the_o ordinary_a quintal_n of_o 100_o l._n beforenamed_n be_v of_o 15_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n wine_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o cistern_n 96_o make_v a_o tun_n and_o each_o cistern_n contain_v 8_o pint_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v account_v two_o cones_n of_o florence_n which_o be_v gallon_n english_a see_v london_n paris_n measure_n of_o paris_n they_o have_v two_o measure_n in_o length_n one_o for_o silk_n and_o another_o for_o linen_n the_o which_o be_v but_o note_n that_o all_o merchant_n sell_v silk_n stuff_v in_o gross_a in_o paris_n the_o same_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o pound_n weight_n which_o be_v better_o for_o the_o buyer_n for_o thereby_o he_o discern_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o silk_n he_o have_v for_o his_o money_n paris_n exchange_n of_o paris_n paris_n do_v exchange_n with_o many_o place_n which_o i_o here_o omit_v and_o place_v the_o same_o among_o the_o exchange_n in_o general_a in_o the_o tract_n follow_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n in_o the_o chapter_n 277_o and_o 302._o trade_n the_o french_z not_o addict_v to_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v imagine_v that_o this_o kingdom_n consider_v the_o riches_n thereof_o shall_v abound_v iâ—_n trade_n and_o navigation_n but_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o man_n meddle_v not_o with_o traffic_n as_o conceive_v the_o same_o to_o be_v both_o ignoble_a and_o base_a and_o consequent_o unfit_a for_o they_o leave_v the_o same_o to_o such_o who_o spirit_n be_v elevate_v to_o that_o ripeness_n that_o they_o can_v but_o only_o be_v sorry_a for_o their_o erroneoâ—_n opinion_n their_o navigation_n also_o be_v not_o far_o the_o marselicans_n great_a voyage_n be_v to_o turkâ—…_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rochel_n saint_n malo_n and_o rochel_n seldom_o sail_v into_o any_o region_n further_o than_o spain_n their_o ill_a success_n in_o america_n plantation_n peradventure_o dissuade_v they_o bâ—…_n he_o that_o shall_v wise_o look_v into_o the_o beauty_n of_o their_o inland_n town_n the_o riches_n of_o the_o country_n itself_o and_o especial_o the_o plenty_n of_o corn_n wines_n linen_n and_o salt_n that_o france_n produce_v and_o how_o much_o these_o commodity_n be_v prize_v and_o seek_v after_o by_o other_o nation_n will_v be_v more_o willing_a to_o excuse_v the_o french_a for_o their_o so_o little_a desire_n to_o traffic_v into_o remove_v region_n because_o la_fw-fr because_o the_o next_o province_n be_v la_o because_o orleans_n orleans_n wherein_o be_v orleans_n a_o pleasant_a city_n and_o where_o the_o neat_a and_o most_o elegant_a french_a tongue_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v speak_v seat_v on_o the_o loire_n but_o afford_v little_a matter_n of_o trade_n or_o commerce_n save_v that_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a through-fair_a for_o all_o such_o commodity_n as_o do_v enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n as_o to_o lion_n and_o other_o city_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o loire_n and_o by_o this_o way_n and_o have_v a_o growth_n of_o good_a wine_n about_o it_o berry_n berry_n the_o next_o be_v berry_n bourge_n bourge_n wherein_o be_v bourges_n seat_v as_o the_o prime_n and_o principal_a town_n who_o be_v much_o addict_v to_o clothe_v and_o where_o great_a abundance_n of_o sheep_n be_v find_v to_o pasture_n and_o feed_v the_o next_o be_v bourbon_n wherein_o be_v contain_v mollins_n bourbon_n nevers_n mollins_n bourbon_n nevers_n and_o mollins_n wherein_o i_o never_o see_v any_o commodity_n worth_a relation_n save_o those_o excellent_a instrument_n of_o iron_n in_o small_a case_n here_o make_v in_o great_a abundance_n call_v estuus_n and_o disperse_v thence_o over_o all_o christendom_n beavois_fw-fr beavois_fw-fr the_o next_o be_v beavois_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v villa_n franche_n avergne_n avergne_n the_o next_o be_v avergne_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v clerimont_n limosin_n limosin_n the_o next_o be_v limosin_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v lymoges_n perigort_n perigort_n the_o next_o be_v perigort_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v perigeux_n quercu_fw-la quercu_fw-la the_o next_o be_v quercu_fw-la the_o chief_a town_n be_v montalbon_n one_o of_o the_o cautionary_a town_n in_o the_o intestants_n possession_n and_o now_o late_o by_o the_o french_a king_n reduce_v to_o his_o subjection_n dauphine_n dauphine_n the_o next_o be_v dauphine_n honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o france_n vienna_n vienna_n wherein_o be_v find_v vienna_n excel_v in_o the_o art_n of_o make_v sword-blade_n valentia_n valentia_n valentia_n a_o fine_a city_n water_v with_o the_o rhone_n and_o last_o lion_n once_o the_o principal_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o all_o these_o part_n where_o have_v occasion_n of_o residence_n 1616._o i_o note_v these_o particular_n follow_v in_o trade_n chap._n cxxviii_o of_o lion_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o lion_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o lion_n have_v ever_o be_v account_v a_o fanious_a mart-town_n and_o doubtless_o before_o navigation_n have_v its_o perfection_n a_o city_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o commerce_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o inland_n town_n must_v submit_v in_o this_o point_n to_o maritime_a city_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o great_a furtherer_n of_o all_o traffic_n so_o must_v this_o town_n now_o give_v place_n to_o many_o other_o that_o exceed_v she_o in_o the_o point_n of_o traffic_n geneva_n the_o mart_n of_o lion_n former_o in_o geneva_n there_o mart_n for_o trade_n here_o settle_v be_v former_o hold_v in_o geneva_n and_o by_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o remove_v hither_o for_o the_o enrich_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o when_o pope_n julius_n the_o second_o have_v excommunicate_v lewis_n the_o twelve_o he_o command_v by_o his_o apostolical_a authority_n that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v again_o remove_v to_o geneva_n but_o his_o holiness_n herein_o be_v not_o obey_v for_o trade_n must_v not_o be_v constrain_v but_o entreat_v though_o by_o pope_n which_o will_v command_v all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o stir_v not_o from_o hence_o where_o yet_o it_o continue_v the_o town_n be_v water_v with_o the_o stream_n of_o rhone_n and_o soane_n which_o further_v it_o much_o for_o carriage_n it_o be_v most_o famous_a now_o for_o the_o many_o fabric_n of_o silk_n here_o wrought_v and_o hence_o disperse_v through_o all_o france_n and_o the_o citizen_n to_o this_o end_n have_v their_o factor_n in_o marselia_n who_o trade_n for_o they_o to_o aleppo_n in_o syria_n to_o furnish_v they_o with_o that_o commodity_n by_o land_n also_o they_o trade_v for_o florence_n lucca_n milan_n mesina_n and_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n but_o it_o be_v only_o for_o raw_a silk_n and_o some_o such_o commodity_n as_o these_o place_n do_v afford_v i_o reside_v here_o some_o year_n and_o find_v the_o great_a of_o their_o trade_n to_o consist_v in_o exchange_n as_o the_o principal_a and_o most_o proper_a town_n of_o france_n thereto_o the_o banker_n of_o florence_n venetia_n lucca_n and_o naples_n have_v here_o their_o factor_n purposely_o for_o this_o occasion_n from_o england_n be_v here_o vend_v some_o bay_n tin_n lead_v coney-skin_n and_o but_o few_o commodity_n else_o and_o to_o our_o country_n it_o afford_v not_o any_o commodity_n worth_n mention_v what_o i_o have_v observe_v i_o shall_v only_o touch_v and_o no_o more_o lion_n coin_n and_o account_n in_o lion_n as_o for_o coin_n current_a and_o account_n keep_v it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o france_n there_o have_v be_v of_o long_a time_n in_o use_n a_o imaginary_a coin_n here_o current_a in_o exchange_n call_v the_o mark_n which_o brief_o to_o explain_v be_v lion_n a_o ancient_a mark_n in_o exchange_n in_o lion_n a_o mark_n of_o gold_n be_v 65_o crown_n of_o mark_n or_o 63_o crown_n 11_o s._n 9_o d._n of_o gold_n in_o gold_n or_o 62_o crown_n of_o camera_n vechia_n of_o rome_n or_o 68_o 14_o 3_o ducat_n current_a of_o venetia_n and_o they_o do_v use_v here_o to_o keep_v their_o account_n by_o crown_n of_o mark_n sold._n and_o denier_n advise_v one_o crown_n the_o mark_n to_o be_v 20_o sold_n of_o mark_n but_o be_v 45_o sold_n turnois_n by_o which_o crown_n of_o mark_n they_o do_v exchange_v by_o as_o brief_o for_o example_n they_o give_v in_o lion_n one_o crown_n
5_o 3_o of_o a_o auln_v mult_fw-la by_o 5._o divid_n by_o 9_o the_o liver_n of_o bergamo_n be_v 6_o s._n 6_o d_o tur_fw-la which_o be_v stir_v 7½_n d._n lion_n mantua_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o mantua_n be_v in_o lion_n 65_o l._n silk-weight_n the_o brace_n be_v 8_o 25_o of_o a_o auln_v multiply_v by_o 8_o and_o divide_v by_o 15._o the_o liver_n of_o mantua_n be_v in_o lion_n lion_n modena_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o modena_n be_v in_o lion_n 77½_n l._n silk-weight_n the_o brace_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o mantua_n lion_n antwerp_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o antwerp_n be_v in_o lion_n 102_o l._n silk-weight_n the_o ell_n of_o antwerp_n be_v 7_o â—_o of_o a_o auln_v which_o be_v do_v by_o take_v the_o â…“_n and_o â—_o 4_o of_o the_o sum_n and_o add_v they_o they_o make_v aulns_n the_o liver_n of_o gross_a may_v be_v calculate_v at_o 6_o l._n tur_fw-la 12_o s._n sterl_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o suttle_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n 96½_n l._n silk-weight_n lion_n london_n with_o lion_n the_o 9_o yard_n in_o london_n make_v in_o lion_n 7_o auln_n so_o that_o the_o auln_v of_o lion_n be_v 46_o inch_n english_a the_o liver_n or_o pound_n of_o london_n sterl_n be_v 10_o liver_n turnois_n lion_n constantinople_n with_o lion_n the_o oak_n of_o constantinople_n make_v in_o lion_n l._n silk-weight_n the_o pico_n of_o constantinople_n be_v 5_o 9_o of_o a_o auln_v mult_fw-la by_o 5_o div_o by_o 9_o the_o piastre_n of_o doller_n may_v be_v calculate_v at_o 45_o s._n tur_fw-la 4_o s._n 6_o d._n sterling_a lion_n aleppo_n with_o lion_n the_o rotolo_n of_o aleppo_n have_v render_v in_o lion_n 4½_n l._n silk-weight_n the_o rotolo_n of_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n have_v make_v 4_o l._n lion_n spain_n with_o lion_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o valencia_n in_o spain_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n 73½_n l._n silk-weight_n almeria_n 117_o tortosa_n 72_o saragosa_n 73½_n and_o 130_o vares_n of_o valentia_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n 100_o auln_n lion_n the_o weight_n of_o divers_a city_n of_o france_n with_o lion_n 100_o l._n of_o paris_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n of_o town-weight_n 116_o l._n roven_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 120_o  _fw-fr thoulousa_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 96_o  _fw-fr marselia_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 94_o  _fw-fr montpelier_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 96_o  _fw-fr rochel_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 94_o  _fw-fr geneva_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 130_o  _fw-fr besanson_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 116_o  _fw-fr bourge_n in_o bress_n make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 115_o  _fw-fr avignion_n have_v make_v in_o lion_n ditto_n 96_o  _fw-fr the_o measure_n of_o languedoc_n be_v a_o cane_n divide_v into_o 8_o palm_n which_o cane_n be_v 1_o â…”_n to_o reduce_v cane_n into_o auin_n you_o must_v add_v â…”_n and_o they_o make_v aulns_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o many_o other_o place_n that_o traffic_n in_o silk_n be_v find_v to_o correspond_v with_o this_o town_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a i_o shall_v insert_v they_o brief_o here_o as_o show_v what_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o these_o several_a place_n make_v silk_n weight_n or_o as_o they_o term_v it_o poid_v the_o mare_n in_o lion_n of_o 15_o ounce_n milan_n 100_o l._n give_v in_o lion_n 73_o l._n regio_fw-la 100_o  _fw-fr 78_o  _fw-fr calabria_n 100_o  _fw-fr 69_o  _fw-fr cosensa_fw-la 100_o  _fw-fr 70_o  _fw-fr raconis_fw-la 100_o  _fw-fr 66½_n  _fw-fr bavearre_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 90_o  _fw-fr aleppo_n rotol_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr give_v 4½_n  _fw-fr tripoli_n rotol_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gives_z 4_o  _fw-fr ancona_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 73_o  _fw-fr placio_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 72_o  _fw-fr marselia_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 85_o  _fw-fr avignion_n 100_o  _fw-fr give_v 68_o  _fw-fr place_n measure_n of_o lion_n with_o other_o place_n note_n that_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o marc_n or_o silk_n weight_n in_o the_o payment_n at_o lion_n make_v 108_o l._n of_o the_o town-weight_n of_o lion_n the_o former_a be_v fifteen_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n and_o the_o latter_a be_v of_o 16_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n for_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o length_n at_o lion_n i_o find_v this_o observation_n to_o have_v be_v make_v that_o the_o 100_o auln_n in_o lion_n make_v in_o london_n 98â…“_n else_o anvers_n 163â…_n  _fw-fr frankford_n 204â…_n  _fw-fr dantzick_n 136_o  _fw-fr vienna_n 142_o  _fw-fr paris_n 93_o 2_o â—_o  _fw-fr roven_n 85¼_n  _fw-fr lisbon_n 98â…“_n  _fw-fr sevil_n 132¼_n  _fw-fr madera_n 101â…–_n  _fw-fr venetia_n 177_o  _fw-fr lucca_n 196_o  _fw-fr florence_n 200¾_n  _fw-fr milan_n 226â…•_n  _fw-fr genoa_n 472â…ž_n palm_n spain_n 135_o var._n rome_n 130_o brace_n naples_n 50_o cane_n which_o i_o refer_v to_o trial_n of_o the_o experience_a and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v 〈◊〉_d lion_n languedoc_n languedoc_n the_o next_o province_n be_v languedoc_n wherein_o be_v find_v narbone_n nismes_n and_o montpelier_n three_o good_a city_n and_o which_o afford_v of_o late_a day_n by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n some_o serge_n sesse_n and_o some_o fine_a cloth_n of_o this_o country_n make_v and_o here_o also_o grow_v that_o excellent_a wâ—…_n which_o take_v his_o name_n from_o the_o town_n of_o frontiniack_a beveaire_n beveaire_n and_o here_o also_o be_v that_o small_a village_n beveaire_n have_v in_o july_n a_o fair_a or_o mart_n famous_a in_o these_o part_n and_o resemble_v at_o my_o there_o be_v 1618._o our_o sturbridge_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v yearly_o there_o other_o fair_n but_o of_o no_o greaâ—_n consequence_n provence_n provence_n the_o next_o province_n be_v provence_n wherein_o be_v arles_n in_o time_n past_o the_o seat_n of_o some_o roman_a eperour_n brignol_n whence_o our_o prune_n of_o brignol_n come_v know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n prunel_n from_o brignol_n whereas_o in_o the_o language_n of_o this_o country_n the_o g_o be_v not_o pronounce_v aix_n the_o parliament_n seat_n and_o last_o thollon_n the_o best_a haven_n in_o france_n and_o most_o capacious_a and_o marsâ—…_n famous_a in_o trade_n for_o these_o country_n of_o which_o a_o word_n in_o pass_v and_o first_o of_o thollon_n chap._n cxxx_o of_o thollon_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o thollon_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thollon_n enjoy_v a_o fair_a and_o capacious_a haven_n and_o esteem_v the_o best_a large_a and_o safe_a in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v seat_v ten_o league_n to_o the_o eastward_o of_o marselia_n whereâ—…_n the_o king_n do_v keep_v a_o custom-house_n for_o provence_n as_o have_v not_o so_o much_o power_n to_o settle_v one_o iâ—_n marselia_n by_o the_o privilege_n or_o insolency_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o endeavour_n still_o thus_o to_o maintain_v that_o little_a liberty_n they_o have_v it_o abound_v only_o in_o oil_n which_o be_v hence_o lade_v iâ—_n great_a abundance_n and_o disperse_v into_o other_o country_n as_o england_n holland_n and_o some_o almond_n which_o we_o call_v provence_n almond_n some_o salt_n be_v here_o lade_v and_o bring_v from_o the_o isâ—_n of_o ever_o be_v about_o three_o league_n hence_o be_v the_o proper_a merchandise_n of_o the_o king_n who_o haâ—…_n factor_n for_o the_o sale_n thereof_o in_o every_o city_n and_o town_n in_o france_n in_o this_o place_n the_o money_n be_v the_o same_o as_o through_o all_o france_n and_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n not_o much_o differ_v from_o those_o of_o marselia_n which_o i_o will_v there_o more_o succinct_o handle_v and_o only_o will_v show_v the_o manner_n of_o buy_v and_o provide_v here_o of_o oil_n as_o i_o have_v observe_v myself_o here_o at_o divers_a time_n during_o my_o abode_n in_o this_o town_n and_o country_n up_o provence_n oil_n how_o buy_v and_o cast_v up_o oil_n of_o provence_n be_v here_o and_o throughout_o all_o provence_n buy_v by_o the_o milrowl_n or_o milroe_n fourteen_o of_o which_o be_v account_v to_o a_o tun_n of_o oil_n of_o 252_o gallon_n yet_o if_o careful_o look_v unto_o at_o the_o buy_n and_o the_o same_o true_o measure_v 13_o ½_n milroe_n will_v make_v the_o say_a tun_n the_o same_o be_v sell_v common_o here_o by_o the_o florin_n a_o imaginary_a coin_n and_o in_o value_n 12_o sol_fw-la turnois_n the_o milroe_n of_o oil_n be_v common_o worth_a 26_o to_o 30_o florin_n the_o cask_n of_o this_o place_n cost_v ordinary_o 18_o sold_n per_fw-la milroe_n and_o the_o custom_n outward_a be_v 10_o sol_fw-la per_fw-la milroe_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n gives_z 3_o per_fw-la 100_o provision_n and_o 1_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o brokerage_n thereof_o now_o to_o reduce_v all_o charge_n to_o a_o constant_a rate_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v and_o find_v true_a by_o myself_o and_o other_o that_o if_o 18_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a be_v account_v for_o every_o florin_n oil_n measure_n for_o
place_n these_o observation_n i_o have_v find_v true_a by_o my_o own_o experience_n rotolo_n of_o aleppo_n give_v in_o marselia_n 5_o l._n 6_o ounce_n rotolo_n of_o damascus_n give_v 4½_n l._n rotolo_n of_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n 4½_n l._n rotolo_n of_o mantua_n 5½_n l._n cantaro_n of_o genoa_n 118_o l._n cantaro_n of_o civita_n veccia_n in_o allom_n 130_o l._n cantaro_n of_o alicant_n in_o barsilia_n 133½_n l._n rotolos_fw-la 100_o l._n malta_n in_o olive_n 200_o l._n loderos_n 100_o l._n of_o constantinople_n 135_o l._n cantaro_n of_o sardinia_n in_o cheese_n 100_o l._n cantaro_n of_o zant_n in_o curran_n 116_o l._n cargo_n of_o valentia_n in_o pepper_n 320_o l._n cantaro_n of_o argier_n 150_o l._n rotolo_n of_o cyprus_n in_o cotton_n 5¼_n l._n cantaro_n of_o valentia_n in_o cochineal_n 88_o l._n hundred_o of_o london_n 112_o l._n give_v in_o tin_n 125_o l._n and_o the_o 120_o l._n english_a stannery_n in_o tin_n make_v 134_o l._n these_o town_n be_v say_v to_o agree_v with_o marselia_n in_o their_o quintal_n marselia_n measure_n of_o marselia_n first_o lepanto_n 100_o l._n arch_n 100_o l._n candia_n sotile_n 100_o l._n petras_n 100_o l._n rochel_n 100_o l._n tholosa_fw-la 100_o l._n montpelier_n 100_o l._n avignion_n 100_o l._n which_o i_o refer_v to_o trial_n of_o he_o that_o shall_v have_v occasion_n because_o i_o question_v the_o truth_n of_o some_o of_o they_o the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o cane_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o eight_o palm_n the_o cane_n make_v 2â…›_n yard_n english_a corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o mine_n the_o sack_n of_o pisa_n and_o legorn_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 1â…˜_n mine_n of_o marselia_n marselia_n custom_n in_o marselia_n the_o custom_n here_o out_o and_o in_o be_v 1½_n per_fw-la cent_n but_o the_o city_n by_o reason_n of_o cleanse_v the_o harbour_n and_o some_o ship_n set_v out_o against_o pirate_n have_v make_v the_o 1½_n inward_o 3¼_n per_fw-la cent_n and_o only_a 1¼_n out_o this_o be_v mean_v of_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n but_o in_o spice_n bring_v in_o as_o pepper_n ginger_n indigo_n or_o such_o as_o come_v not_o out_o of_o the_o levant_n but_o as_o they_o call_v it_o out_o of_o the_o ponent_fw-la or_o out_o of_o the_o west-sea_n it_o pay_v the_o king_n custom_n which_o be_v now_o about_o 15_o per_fw-la cent_n beside_o the_o city_n custom_n above_o name_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o marselia_n avignion_n avignion_n the_o next_o province_n be_v that_o of_o avignion_n the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o call_v by_o that_o name_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o seat_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o rhone_n but_o have_v no_o trade_n that_o i_o can_v observe_v though_o i_o have_v often_o be_v there_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o pope_n and_o he_o permit_v jew_n to_o inhabit_v here_o be_v find_v the_o principal_a pedlar_n for_o merchant_n i_o can_v call_v they_o the_o city_n be_v say_v to_o have_v 7_o palace_n 7_o parish_n 7_o monastery_n 7_o nunnery_n 7_o inn_n and_o 7_o gate_n and_o other_o thing_n of_o note_n i_o observe_v not_o and_o as_o for_o commerce_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o marselia_n and_o the_o great_a custom_n here_o pay_v be_v some_o prejudice_n to_o passenger_n and_o merchandise_n that_o pass_v from_o provence_n to_o lion_n or_o from_o lion_n to_o marselia_n orange_n orange_n the_o next_o province_n be_v orange_n the_o capital_a city_n here_o bear_v that_o name_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n a_o strong_a town_n and_o sweet_o seat_v near_o upon_o the_o rhone_n here_o all_o protestant_a passenger_n be_v real_o welcome_v and_o papist_n narrow_o look_v unto_o in_o requital_n of_o the_o contrary_a courtesy_n practise_v at_o avignion_n not_o above_o six_o league_n off_o picardy_n picardy_n the_o next_o be_v picardy_n wherein_o i_o find_v amiens_n and_o abbeville_n for_o fair_a town_n but_o of_o little_a or_o no_o traffic_n calais_n calais_n calais_n also_o the_o inlet_a of_o france_n be_v strong_a but_o have_v send_v away_o its_o trade_n with_o the_o staple_n which_o by_o the_o english_a be_v plant_v and_o continue_v here_o for_o 200_o year_n whilst_o it_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o english_a the_o french_a king_n be_v accustom_v to_o have_v the_o same_o put_v daily_o into_o their_o remembrance_n till_o it_o be_v regain_v and_o be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n make_v mention_v thereof_o in_o their_o oath_n take_v at_o the_o entrance_n into_o that_o brotherhood_n it_o be_v almost_o forget_v that_o ever_o it_o be_v english_a which_o i_o the_o rather_o mention_v here_o that_o some_o noble_a english_a heart_n will_v daily_o put_v our_o sovereign_n in_o mind_n thereof_o till_o it_o return_v again_o to_o be_v english_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n cxxxii_o of_o calais_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o calais_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o calais_n former_o be_v the_o great_a staple_n for_o the_o wool_n of_o england_n and_o settle_v here_o aâ—…_n 1347._o by_o edward_n the_o three_o to_o make_v good_a his_o conquest_n after_o eleven_o month_n siege_n bâ—…_n afterward_o it_o be_v hence_o remove_v and_o this_o place_n lose_v by_o queen_n mary_n anno_fw-la 1557._o after_o 20â—_n year_n possession_n of_o the_o english_a and_o be_v by_o our_o then_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o call_v the_o key_n thâ—…_n give_v their_o army_n entrance_n into_o france_n the_o place_n be_v not_o now_o of_o any_o great_a note_a traffic_n though_o it_o and_o bullen_n be_v account_v the_o best_a maritime_a port_n in_o picardy_n opposite_a to_o dover_n from_o whence_o this_o be_v seven_o league_n distant_a the_o coin_n here_o current_n be_v those_o in_o general_a of_o france_n calais_n weight_n of_o calais_n the_o weight_n here_o in_o use_n be_v three_o first_o be_v the_o weight_n proper_a of_o the_o town_n the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o be_v in_o london_n about_o 92_o l._n the_o second_o be_v call_v the_o merchant_n weight_n the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o make_v in_o london_n 113_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o subtle_a of_o london_n be_v here_o 88_o l._n the_o three_o be_v call_v the_o english_a wool_n hundred_o or_o staple_n hundred_o 100_o l._n whereof_o be_v in_o london_n about_o 89_o l._n or_o 90_o l._n about_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n different_a from_o the_o town-weight_n the_o measure_v use_v here_o be_v the_o auln_v and_o make_v in_o london_n inch_n champaign_n champaign_n the_o next_o be_v champaign_n wherein_o be_v rheims_n the_o principal_a city_n where_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v anoint_v and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o college_n for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o english_a fugitive_n jesuit_n owe_v mean_v burgundy_n burgundy_n the_o next_o be_v burgundy_n famous_a for_o dijon_n which_o be_v notable_a through_o france_n for_o good_a mustard_n a_o note_n worthy_a our_o tukesbury_n bress_n bress_n the_o next_o be_v bress_n chastilion_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n and_o the_o last_o that_o i_o shall_v handle_v appertain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o under_o his_o government_n besanson_n besanson_n the_o next_o in_o order_n according_a to_o my_o method_n be_v the_o franche_fw-mi comte_n the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o be_v besanson_n which_o in_o time_n pass_v strive_v for_o precedency_n of_o trade_n with_o lion_n but_o be_v a_o inland_a town_n she_o have_v lose_v that_o honour_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n bring_v home_o great_a and_o more_o honourable_a title_n as_o famous_v abroad_o for_o good_a soldier_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o walloon_n and_o now_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o spain_n the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n be_v once_o here_o seat_v from_o cambray_n but_o the_o merchant_n be_v not_o well_o use_v return_v to_o placentia_n 100_o l._n besanson_n be_v 112_o l._n english_a lorain_n lorain_n the_o next_o be_v lorain_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v nants_n yield_v plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o wine_n store_n of_o freshwater_n fish_n and_o salt_n and_o famous_a in_o that_o it_o be_v the_o dukedom_n of_o godfrey_n surname_v of_o bulloign_n which_o win_v jerusalem_n from_o the_o saracen_n and_o be_v the_o first_o christian_n crown_v kitz_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o now_o to_o savoy_n as_o partake_v with_o the_o french_a in_o the_o trade_n as_o well_o as_o in_o their_o garb._n chap._n cxxxiii_o of_o savoy_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o savoy_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o the_o dukedom_n of_o savoy_n comprehend_v only_o this_o duchy_n and_o the_o principality_n of_o piedmont_n in_o the_o former_a be_v cambray_n the_o residency_n of_o the_o duke_n when_o he_o be_v in_o these_o part_n in_o the_o latter_a be_v nisa_n and_o villa-franca_n two_o seaport_n but_o not_o capacious_a nor_o safe_a for_o ship_n of_o burden_n next_o aste_n a_o great_a mart_n for_o all_o italian_a commodity_n and_o last_o
law_n it_o be_v seat_v within_o land_n and_o be_v well_o know_v in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v in_o due_a place_n and_o have_v those_o money_n current_n that_o acknowledge_v the_o pope_n stamp_n as_o i_o shall_v declare_v in_o rome_n bologna_n account_n in_o bologna_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o liver_n sold._n and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n to_o a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n to_o a_o liver_n the_o liver_n may_v be_v account_v to_o be_v incirca_fw-la 13½_n d._n sterling_a money_n and_o some_o be_v find_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o duccatons_n sols_n and_o denier_n cast_v up_o by_o 12_o and_o by_o 20_o as_o above_o be_v say_v bologna_n weight_n of_o bologna_n their_o weight_n common_a in_o use_n be_v these_o their_o quintal_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o make_v in_o london_n 80_o l._n rome_n 100_o  _fw-fr milan_n 106_o  _fw-fr florence_n 104_o  _fw-fr genoa_n 133_o  _fw-fr lion_n 77_o  _fw-fr venetia_n sot_n 120_o  _fw-fr venetia_n gr_fw-fr 75_o  _fw-fr 1000_o l._n in_o bologna_n have_v give_v in_o venetia_n subtle_a 1320_o l._n gross_a 750_o l._n so_o that_o the_o 1_o l._n have_v render_v their_o gross_a 9_o ounce_n subtle_a 14_o ounce_n 2½_n sach_n bologna_n measure_n in_o bologna_n the_o measure_n be_v a_o brace_n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v about_o 25_o inch_n english_a 100_o brace_n here_o have_v make_v in_o venetia_n cloth-measure_n 96_o brace_n and_o of_o silk_n 90_o brace_n corn._n corn._n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o corbe_n 100_o whereof_o make_v 92_o staios_n in_o venetia_n and_o 100_o corbes_n in_o wine_n make_v amfora_n venetiana_fw-la 12_o and_o 2_o quarter_n and_o in_o dry_a measure_n 17_o quarter_n and_o in_o london_n gallon_n bologna_n commodity_n of_o bologna_n from_o hence_o be_v accustom_v to_o come_v to_o other_o part_n corn_n almond_n oil_n raw_a silk_n and_o sundry_a sort_n of_o wrought_a satin_n taffetaes_n and_o other_o call_v hence_o bologna_n silk_n and_o of_o bologna_n make_v and_o to_o conclude_v this_o place_n here_o be_v find_v many_o eminent_a exchange_n the_o course_n of_o which_o exchange_v you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o general_a exchange_n here_o practise_v vide_fw-la chapter_n 296._o chap._n cxliv_o of_o ferrara_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o ferrara_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ferrara_n be_v the_o next_o principal_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o circuit_n famous_a for_o the_o iron_n mine_n about_o it_o seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n po_n and_o account_v one_o of_o the_o pleasant_a city_n in_o italy_n for_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o be_v a_o fair_a green_n into_o which_o open_a about_o twenty_o street_n of_o half_a a_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o so_o even_a and_o uniform_a that_o thence_o the_o utmost_a end_n thereof_o may_v be_v discern_v it_o afford_v wine_n oil_n olive_n iron_n steel_n and_o some_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n the_o money_n be_v as_o at_o rome_n to_o which_o this_o city_n appertain_v admit_v but_o of_o very_a little_a difference_n in_o the_o rate_n current_n thereof_o ferrara_n weight_n of_o ferrara_n the_o quintal_n of_o ferrara_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o make_v venetia_n sot_n 112½_n l._n and_o venetia_n gr_n 72_o l._n in_o london_n incirca_fw-la 75_o l._n averdupois_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n sutt_n venice_n make_v here_o 87_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n gr_n 138_o l._n ferrara_n measure_n of_o ferrara_n the_o measure_n be_v a_o brace_n 100_o brace_n make_v in_o london_n 72_o yard_n their_o wine_n measure_n be_v a_o mastello_n 11_o whereof_z make_v a_o amfora_n of_o venetia_n and_o be_v in_o england_n vide_fw-la london_n their_o corn_n measure_n be_v a_o stare_v 100_o stare_v make_v in_o venetia_n 37_o star_n and_o so_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o ferrara_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n cxlv_o of_o modena_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o modena_n modena_n modena_n be_v the_o next_o city_n seat_v in_o this_o tract_n yield_v many_o fabric_n of_o silk_n which_o it_o disperse_v to_o its_o neighbour_a to_n modena_n account_n in_o modena_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o livre_n sold_n denier_n 12_o denier_n to_o a_o sold_n and_o 20_o sol_n to_o a_o livre_fw-fr modena_n weight_n in_o modena_n their_o quintal_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o render_v in_o lion_n 77_o l._n london_n 72_o l._n venetia_n sotile_a 109_o l._n venetia_n gross_a 72_o l._n florence_n 98_o l._n modena_n measure_n in_o modena_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n the_o same_o as_o in_o mantua_n and_o 1_o per_fw-la cent._n long_o than_o the_o brace_n of_o ferrâ—ra_n and_o by_o observation_n it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o 100_o brace_n of_o modena_n have_v make_v 118_o in_o florence_n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o staro_n 100_o whereof_o make_v 93_o or_o 94_o stare_v in_o venetia_n and_o one_o staio_n of_o modena_n have_v make_v 2½_n staios_n in_o florence_n and_o have_v make_v in_o venice_n three_o quart_n and_o six_o quarterol_n chap._n cxlvi_o of_o rimno_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o rimno_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o rimno_fw-la ancient_o ariminum_n seat_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n rubicon_n afford_v much_o silk_n which_o it_o partly_o send_v abroad_o and_o partly_o convert_v here_o into_o stuff_n also_o some_o wine_n oil_n corn_n the_o coin_n current_a as_o in_o rome_n as_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o papacy_n and_o the_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o their_o same_o denomination_n weight_n weight_n the_o quintal_n be_v the_o 100_o l._n which_o make_v in_o london_n 81_o l._n and_o some_o have_v make_v experience_n that_o it_o make_v in_o venice_n gross_a 76._o measure_n measure_n their_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n and_o be_v in_o london_n 27_o inch_n bare_a their_o corn_n measure_n be_v a_o stare_v 100_o make_v 210_o in_o venetia_n and_o their_o wine_n measure_n be_v a_o some_o which_o make_v in_o london_n 10_o gallon_n chap._n cxlvii_o of_o ravenna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o ravenna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ravenna_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n and_o once_o beautify_v with_o one_o of_o the_o fair_a hauâ—…_n in_o the_o world_n where_o augustus_n caesar_n always_o keep_v a_o navy_n mane_v to_o defend_v these_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n now_o choke_v up_o with_o mud_n and_o rubbish_n the_o neighbourhood_n of_o venetia_n which_o senator_n have_v as_o well_o follow_v mercury_n by_o merchandize_v as_o mars_n by_o arm_n keep_v this_o city_n from_o any_o notable_a commerce_n yet_o i_o will_v note_v what_o i_o have_v observe_v hereupon_o both_o in_o matter_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n ravenna_n weight_n of_o ravenna_n the_o quintal_n of_o ravenna_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o give_v venetia_n sotile_a 118_o l._n in_o london_n 78_o l._n and_o the_o gross_a 100_o l._n of_o venetia_n make_v here_o 133_o l._n ravenna_n measure_n of_o ravenna_n the_o measure_n be_v a_o brace_n 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venice_n be_v here_o 112_o 100_o brace_n of_o silk_n in_o venice_n be_v here_o 106._o corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o stare_v 100_o whereof_o make_v in_o venice_n 66â…”_n staio_n so_o that_o 3_o staros_n raveâ—…_n have_v make_v the_o two_o staios_n of_o venetia_n and_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o romandiola_n loretto_n loretto_n the_o next_o province_n be_v marco_n anconitana_n wherein_o be_v famous_a first_o loretto_n for_o the_o pilmmage_n to_o our_o lady_n church_n bring_v hither_o if_o you_o will_v believe_v it_o through_o the_o air_n from_o palestâ—_n whereunto_o a_o great_a trade_n be_v drive_v by_o the_o superstitious_a papist_n next_o be_v adria_n which_o give_v name_n to_o those_o sea_n next_o recanti_fw-la and_o ancona_n two_o fair_a city_n and_o of_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n of_o which_o first_o chap._n cxlviii_o of_o recanti_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o istria_n recanti_fw-la in_o istria_n recanti_fw-la olim_fw-la aelia_n recina_fw-la as_o some_o author_n allege_v be_v a_o fair_a city_n afford_v corn_n oil_n and_o some_o silk_n for_o merchandise_n weight_n weight_n the_o weight_n thereof_o be_v 100_o l._n give_v in_o london_n 75_o l._n and_o in_o florence_n 96½_n l._n in_o venetia_n sotile_v 112_o l._n in_o venetia_n gross_a 72_o l._n measure_n measure_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o brace_n 94_o whereof_o make_v venetia_n brace_n 100_o l._n oil_n be_v sell_v here_o by_o the_o miare_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o that_o in_o venetia_n chap._n cxlix_o of_o ancona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o ancona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ancona_n be_v a_o fair_a city_n seat_v on_o the_o hill_n cinerius_fw-la which_o shoot_v into_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n like_o a_o promontory_n have_v a_o commodious_a haven_n build_v by_o trajanus_n the_o emperor_n it_o be_v fruitful_a as_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o country_n afford_v principal_o corn_n wine_n and_o oil_n weight_n weight_n the_o quintal_n of_o ancona_n be_v
100_o l._n and_o make_v in_o london_n 78_o l._n in_o venetia_n gross_a 73_o l._n in_o venetia_n sotile_v 116_o l._n in_o florence_n 98_o l._n ancona_n measure_n of_o ancona_n their_o measure_n here_o be_v a_o brace_n 106_o whereof_o have_v make_v in_o venice_n 100_o brace_n 10_o cones_n of_o cloth_n in_o florence_n have_v make_v here_o 37½_n brace_n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o staro_n 6½_n have_v make_v a_o sum_n in_o florence_n spoleto_n spoleto_n the_o next_o province_n be_v the_o duchy_n of_o spoleto_n the_o principal_a city_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o spalata_n whereof_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n in_o merchandize_v worthy_a the_o note_n that_o i_o find_v and_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n do_v in_o all_o point_n agree_v with_o venetia_n civitaveccia_fw-it civitaveccia_fw-it the_o last_o part_n of_o this_o country_n be_v saint_n peter_n patrimony_n wherein_o be_v principal_a city_n of_o commerce_n civitaveccia_n which_o have_v a_o pretty_a harbour_n and_o near_o which_o the_o alum_n be_v make_v which_o we_o call_v romish_n or_o roche_n and_o here_o the_o pope_n do_v for_o trade_n sake_n allow_v a_o gentleman_n the_o title_n of_o causul_n for_o the_o english_a nation_n to_o see_v that_o the_o mariner_n who_o be_v apt_a enough_o to_o give_v offence_n be_v not_o wrong_v or_o abuse_v at_o who_o hand_n in_o anno_fw-la 1619._o go_n thence_o as_o a_o merchant_n to_o rome_n i_o sound_v all_o courtesy_n and_o friendship_n and_o pass_v through_o pollidor_n a_o pretty_a town_n in_o the_o christmas_n hely-day_n i_o come_v to_o rome_n where_o what_o i_o do_v observe_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n beside_o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o season_n and_o time_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n declare_v chap._n cl._n of_o rome_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o rome_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o city_n in_o her_o ancient_a splendour_n be_v fifty_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o have_v 750_o tower_n that_o beautify_v her_o wall_n and_o inhabit_v by_o 463000_o family_n but_o now_o the_o compass_n exceed_v not_o ten_o mile_n and_o a_o three_o part_n thereof_o be_v also_o waste_a ground_n and_o have_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n clergy_n man_n and_o courtesan_n which_o latter_a be_v here_o account_v to_o be_v 40000_o and_o pay_v 30000_o ducat_n yearly_a tribute_n which_o do_v maintain_v civitaveccia_n two_o galley_n furnish_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o saburrahs_n as_o the_o place_n of_o their_o abode_n in_o rome_n but_o leave_v this_o private_a trade_n to_o the_o virgin_n friar_n i_o come_v to_o the_o public_a commerce_n of_o this_o city_n which_o according_a to_o my_o observation_n be_v follow_v rome_n and_o the_o territory_n thereof_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n corn_n wine_n oil_n silk_n glove_n alum_n lute-string_n kid-skin_n and_o some_o fabric_n make_v of_o silk_n and_o from_o england_n it_o receive_v lead_v tin_n bays_n say_v stuff_n pilchard_n herring_n white_a and_o red_a newland_n fish_n calves-skin_n salt_n salmon_n tallow_n wax_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v land_v at_o civitaveccia_n and_o thence_o transport_v by_o boat_n and_o birks_n to_o rome_n along_o the_o so_o much_o famous_v river_n of_o tiber_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o same_o rome_n coin_n in_o rome_n the_o coin_n of_o all_o italy_n pass_v here_o current_a but_o the_o principal_a of_o this_o country_n that_o be_v current_n be_v the_o ducat_n or_o as_o they_o call_v it_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v worth_a 11_o julios_fw-la or_o paulos_n the_o crown_n of_o silver_n be_v worth_a 10_o julios_fw-la or_o paulos_n which_o be_v 100_o baioche_n or_o 400_o quatrin_n the_o julio_n be_v worth_a 10_o baioche_n or_o 40_o quatrin_n the_o baioche_n be_v worth_a 10_o quatrin_n or_o 1_o sold._n 4_o den._n small_a money_n of_o rome_n rome_n account_n in_o rome_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o crown_n julios_fw-la baioche_n and_o quatrin_n as_o above_o and_o sorne_v in_o ducat_n of_o camera_n or_o destampe_n of_o which_o 97_o 11_o 3._o make_v 100_o of_o gold_n rome_n weight_n in_o rome_n their_o quintal_n in_o rome_n be_v 100_o and_o make_v in_o london_n 80_o l._n and_o with_o other_o country_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o venetia_n sotile_fw-la 119_o l._n in_o naples_n 106_o l._n venetia_n gross_a 75_o l._n florence_n 102_o l._n genoa_n 110_o l._n but_o note_n that_o of_o these_o quintar_n of_o 100_o l._n be_v frame_v two_o different_a weight_n with_o allowance_n give_v thereupon_o as_o in_o sale_n of_o spice_n and_o such_o like_a the_o quintar_n thereof_o be_v account_v to_o be_v of_o the_o abovesaid_a weight_n 160_o l._n and_o the_o second_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o gross_a good_n account_v to_o be_v 250_o l._n to_o the_o quintar_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o sale_n of_o a_o commodity_n and_o therefore_o the_o commodity_n and_o the_o weight_n whereby_o it_o be_v sell_v be_v to_o be_v observe_v rome_n measure_n in_o rome_n they_o use_v also_o two_o measure_n in_o length_n the_o one_o for_o linen_n and_o woollen_a call_v the_o cane_n divide_v into_o 8_o palm_n and_o 30_o cane_n be_v 100_o brace_n venetia_n the_o other_o which_o they_o call_v the_o brace_n which_o be_v 3â…“_n palm_n of_o the_o say_a cane_n which_o brace_n render_v in_o flerence_n 1½_n brace_n the_o first_o make_v in_o london_n inch_n and_o the_o latter_a inch_n corn_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o rugio_n which_o render_v in_o genoa_n 1â…ž_n mins_n and_o in_o florence_n 8¼_n stâ—ios_n and_o be_v 412_o l._n of_o rome_n and_o be_v in_o england_n gallon_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a occasion_n that_o clergyman_n from_o most_o part_n of_o europe_n have_v to_o use_v money_n in_o this_o city_n the_o exchange_n thereof_o be_v most_o worthy_a observation_n therefore_o i_o have_v handle_v the_o same_o in_o the_o 278_o and_o 326_o chapter_n with_o all_o circumstance_n thereunto_o belong_v to_o which_o i_o refer_v you_o from_o rome_n i_o will_v take_v my_o way_n to_o venetia_n and_o to_o that_o republic_n and_o see_v what_o be_v there_o more_o worthy_a in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n chap._n cli_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venetia_n and_o the_o city_n of_o trade_n therein_o thereof_o venetia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venetia_n contain_v these_o province_n la_fw-fr marca_n trevigiana_n friâ—…_n histria_n part_n of_o dalmatia_n and_o the_o island_n of_o candy_n corfu_n cephalonia_n ithaca_n zâ—…_n lucaia_n cythera_n etc._n etc._n in_o which_o i_o find_v these_o principal_a city_n of_o trade_n first_o treviso_n next_o palâ—…_n a_o famous_a university_n for_o physic_n next_o vicentia_n next_o bressia_n which_o be_v account_v the_o second_o for_o greatness_n in_o lombardy_n next_o verona_n also_o a_o fair_a city_n of_o crema_fw-la a_o strong_a fort_n aquilegia_fw-la once_o of_o great_a circuit_n now_o devour_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o venetia_n parma_n a_o modern_a town_n build_v by_o the_o venetian_n within_o these_o late_a year_n next_o be_v cape_n de_fw-fr istria_n pola_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o this_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v venice_n itself_o of_o these_o or_o as_o many_o as_o have_v gather_v any_o observation_n i_o shall_v declare_v chap._n clii_o of_o treviso_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o treviso_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o treviso_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o that_o province_n which_o to_o the_o venetian_n be_v know_v by_o marca_n trevigiana_n and_o commodious_o seat_v for_o a_o inland-trade_n the_o chief_a city_n venetian_n deprive_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o any_o eminent_a honour_n in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n therefore_o herein_o i_o shall_v be_v the_o brief_a and_o first_o for_o their_o coin_n current_a and_o their_o account_n keep_v i_o willing_o omit_v the_o same_o as_o to_o be_v find_v more_o at_o large_a under_o the_o title_n of_o venetia_n as_o for_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o set_v here_o the_o agree_v ment_n thereof_o with_o venetia_n as_o be_v seat_v within_o that_o commonwealth_n treviso_n weight_n of_o treviso_n treviso_n be_v find_v then_o to_o have_v two_o several_a weight_n a_o gross_a and_o subtle_a in_o the_o same_o mannâ—_n as_o venetia_n which_o thus_o agree_v together_o 100_o l._n gross_a in_o treviso_n make_v gross_a in_o venetia_n 92½_n l._n 100_o l._n subtle_a in_o treviso_n make_v subtle_a in_o venetia_n 112_o l._n 100_o l._n subtle_a venetia_n give_v in_o treviso_n subtle_a 89½_n l._n 100_o l._n subtle_a venetia_n give_v in_o treviso_n gross_a 58â…“_n l._n 100_o l._n subtle_a treviso_n make_v gross_a in_o venetia_n 70_o l._n all_o which_o consider_v the_o thousand_o be_v find_v thus_o to_o accord_v treviso_n measure_n of_o treviso_n 1000_o l._n subtle_a treviso_n be_v 1125_o l._n subtle_a venetia_n 1000_o l._n gross_a
last_o senâ—…_n at_o home_n govern_v the_o commonwealth_n but_o their_o worth_n be_v in_o itself_o sufficient_o know_v to_o the_o world_n i_o shall_v descend_v to_o the_o subject_n in_o hand_n this_o city_n than_o have_v for_o many_o year_n have_v the_o sole_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n of_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o not_o content_a therewith_o have_v make_v that_o city_n the_o common_a mart_n of_o all_o the_o conmodity_n of_o arabia_n persia_n india_n and_o those_o eastern_a rich_a country_n by_o their_o great_a trade_n to_o alexandria_n and_o cairo_n which_o continue_v for_o many_o year_n and_o when_o the_o grecian_a empire_n be_v both_o in_o its_o height_n and_o in_o its_o descent_n they_o manage_v the_o sole_a trade_n thereof_o till_o the_o state_n of_o genoa_n do_v look_v thereinto_o and_o by_o their_o power_n and_o may_v at_o sea_n share_v with_o they_o therein_o but_o the_o pâ—tugal_n find_v the_o way_n to_o india_n by_o the_o cape_n of_o bona_n speransa_n and_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a mochant_n follow_v those_o leader_n now_o bring_v those_o rich_a commodity_n that_o way_n straight_o to_o their_o own_o home_n which_o in_o former_a time_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o have_v from_o this_o city_n at_o a_o far_o dear_a rate_n and_o at_o a_o second_o hand_n since_o which_o time_n their_o custom_n have_v be_v decay_v their_o ship_n rot_v and_o their_o mariner_n the_o pride_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n be_v all_o become_v poltrone_n and_o the_o worst_a account_v in_o all_o those_o sea_n until_o the_o turk_n war_n with_o candy_n have_v make_v they_o again_o expert_a in_o sea_n affair_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o many_o fight_v and_o several_a considerable_a overthrow_v give_v to_o the_o grand_a seignior_n navy_n as_o late_o in_o the_o year_n 1656_o and_o their_o keep_n of_o the_o city_n and_o port_n of_o candy_n for_o the_o space_n of_o so_o many_o year_n against_o all_o the_o opposition_n the_o turk_n have_v make_v against_o it_o this_o city_n now_o serve_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n for_o a_o inlet_n into_o austria_n and_o upper_a germany_n which_o this_o way_n it_o yet_o fit_v with_o some_o spice_n drug_n and_o other_o arabian_a commodity_n which_o in_o part_n be_v bring_v thither_o from_o alexandria_n aleppo_n and_o constantinople_n where_o they_o still_o have_v consul_n and_o factor_n and_o partly_o by_o a_o second_o hand_n from_o england_n now_o thereby_o bring_v to_o they_o those_o commodity_n which_o a_o few_o year_n past_a we_o have_v and_o fetch_v from_o they_o as_o from_o the_o only_a city_n and_o prime_a merchant_n of_o europe_n venetia_n commodity_n of_o venetia_n the_o commodity_n here_o find_v and_o afford_v be_v not_o many_o nor_o of_o much_o worth_n as_o some_o cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n corn_n wine_n oil_n rice_n woollen-cloth_n paper_n anniseed_n argal_o glass_n for_o look_v and_o for_o drink_v quicksilver_n which_o they_o have_v from_o germany_n some_o silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v the_o commodity_n send_v hither_o from_o england_n be_v lead_n tin_n bays_n fur_n perpetuano_n serges_n say_v and_o some_o cle_v indigo_n pepper_n ginger_n mace_n clove_n nutmeg_n &c_n &c_n herring_n white_a and_o red_a pilchard_n newland_n fish_n salt_v salmon_n and_o such_o like_a it_o serve_v in_o these_o day_n for_o a_o mart_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o istria_n dalmatia_n sclavonia_n austria_n upper_a germania_n and_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n and_o serve_v these_o part_n again_o with_o such_o commodity_n as_o be_v either_o bring_v hither_o by_o the_o english_a dutch_a and_o french_a from_o their_o several_a country_n or_o from_o alexandria_n aleppo_n smyrna_n the_o archipelago_n and_o constantinople_n where_o they_o also_o drive_v a_o considerable_a trade_n venetia_n weight_n of_o venetia_n there_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o venetia_n four_o kind_n of_o weight_n which_o thus_o be_v distinguish_v and_o find_v to_o accord_v the_o great_a be_v call_v the_o gross_a pound_n and_o 100_o l._n wherewith_o all_o wool_n brass_n metal_n fish_n flesh_n and_o other_o gross_a good_n be_v weigh_v the_o second_o be_v the_o gold_n weight_n use_v for_o gold_n silver_n and_o jewel_n only_o call_v the_o mark_n which_o contain_v 8_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n contain_v 144_o carat_n every_o carat_n be_v 4_o grain_n the_o three_o be_v use_v in_o gold_n and_o silver_n thread_n and_o in_o nothing_o else_o the_o four_o be_v the_o pound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a wherewith_o all_o silk_n spice_n drug_n cotton_n cotton_n yarn_n and_o such_o like_a fine_a good_n be_v weigh_v by_o which_o thus_o be_v among_o they_o find_v to_o accord_n and_o agree_v 100_o l._n gross_a be_v 158_o subtle_a 633_o l._n gross_a be_v 1000_o l._n subtle_a 100_o l._n subtle_a be_v 63â…“_n gross_a 1000_o l._n gross_a be_v 1580_o l._n subtle_a 1_o l._n gross_a be_v subtle_a 1_o l._n 6_o ounce_n 5_o sazi_n 18_o carat_n 1_o l._n sotile_a be_v gross_a 7_o ounce_n 2_o sazi_n 16_o carat_n 1_o l._n sotile_a be_v 12_o ounce_n the_o 1_o ounce_n be_v 6_o sazi_n and_o 1_o sazi_n be_v 1½_n dram_n which_o be_v 3_o sec._n 100_o l._n of_o silver_n or_o gold_n thread_n be_v subtle_a 116_o l._n 8_o ounce_n 1_o mark_v of_o gold_n be_v subtle_a 9_o ounce_n sazi_n 2._o where_o note_n that_o a_o mark_n of_o gold_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 4_o quarter_n 1_o quarter_n be_v 36_o carat_n and_o 1_o carat_n be_v 4_o grain_n so_o that_o 144_o carat_n be_v 1_o mark._n also_o note_n that_o in_o venetia_n there_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v divers_a commodity_n some_o by_o balance_n and_o some_o by_o stalero_n as_o well_o in_o the_o gross_a as_o in_o the_o subtle_a weight_n and_o that_o the_o balance_n weight_n be_v great_a than_o the_o stalero_n weight_n 2_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n by_o the_o hundred_o more_o than_o by_o the_o pound_n and_o the_o subtle_a weight_n of_o the_o balance_n be_v great_a than_o of_o the_o stalero_n subtle_a two_o pound_n per_fw-la cent._n by_o the_o hundred_o than_o by_o the_o pound_n weight_n country_n weight_n of_o venetia_n agree_v with_o other_o country_n now_o let_v we_o observe_v how_o these_o two_o weight_n the_o sotile_a and_o gross_a respond_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o other_o country_n the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v the_o first_o row_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n gross_a the_o next_o row_n the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a make_v in_o the_o first_o row_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n gross_a make_v in_o the_o second_o row_n thus_o alexandria_n zera_n 31_o rot._n 50_o rot._n alexandria_n forf_n 71_o r._n 112_o r._n aleppo_n 14_o r._n 21_o r._n archipelago_n 77_o l._n 121_o l._n anvers_n 64_o l._n 102_o l._n almeria_n 55_o r._n 90_o r._n ancona_n 86_o l._n 136_o l._n bergamo_n 90_o l._n 145_o l._n bologna_n 83_o l._n 132_o l._n baruti_fw-la 13_o r._n 20_o r._n cyprus_n 13½_n r._n 21_o r._n constantinople_n 56_o r._n 84_o r._n candia_n l._n l._n corfu_n 75_o l._n 117_o l._n cremona_n 96_o l._n 151_o l._n damascus_n 16â…”_n r._n 26â…“_n r._n ferrara_n 102_o l._n 139_o l._n florence_n 87_o l._n 138._o l._n lion_n 70_o l._n 110_o l._n london_n 64_o l._n 106_o l._n lisbon_n 59_o l._n 92_o l._n milan_n 92_o l._n 150_o l._n mantua_n 93_o l._n 150_o l._n marselia_n 70_o l._n 112_o l._n malleca_n 57_o l._n 90_o l._n naples_n rema_v 94_o l._n 149_o l._n naples_n romania_n 78_o l._n 121_o l._n parma_n 90_o l._n 148_o l._n placentia_n 92_o l._n 150_o l._n paris_n 70_o l._n 112_o l._n roma_fw-it 84_o l._n 132_o l._n ravenna_n 84_o l._n 133_o l._n ragusa_n 83_o l._n 131_o l._n scio_fw-la and_o smyrna_n 62_o r._n 98_o r._n sevilia_fw-la 63_o l._n 98_o l._n tripoli_n barbaria_n 59½_n r._n 93½_n r._n turin_n 92_o l._n 148_o l._n verona_n 90_o l._n 145_o l._n zant_n 63_o l._n 100_o l._n how_o far_o these_o may_v come_v near_o to_o truth_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o trial_n therefore_o i_o deliver_v they_o haâ—…_n as_o i_o receive_v they_o upon_o trust_n length_n measure_n in_o venetia_n of_o length_n the_o measure_n of_o venetia_n be_v two_o and_o both_o call_v the_o brace_n the_o first_o be_v the_o silk_n brace_n by_o which_o be_v measure_v all_o stuff_n of_o silk_n damask_n satin_n clothe_v gold_n of_o silver_n etc._n etc._n the_o second_o be_v the_o cloth-brace_n by_o which_o be_v measure_v all_o clothes_n and_o stuff_n make_v of_o wâ—…_n which_o be_v great_a than_o the_o former_a 6¼_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la upon_o which_o last_o brace_n 100_o have_v be_v make_v this_o concordance_n with_o the_o measure_n of_o other_o country_n 100_o brace_n in_o venice_n london_n 55½_n ells._n antwerp_n 92½_n  _fw-fr frankford_n 115¾_n  _fw-fr dantzick_n 76â…˜_n  _fw-fr vienna_n 80½_n  _fw-fr lion_n 56½_n aulns_n paris_n 52¾_n  _fw-fr roven_n 48¼_n  _fw-fr lisbon_n 55½_n var._n sevil_n
of_o some_o of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o england_n to_o their_o own_o subject_n for_o their_o encouragement_n in_o trade_n and_o their_o general_a inclination_n thereto_o so_o they_o in_o themselves_o have_v be_v chief_o want_v to_o themselves_o and_o have_v suffer_v a_o loss_n to_o fall_v insensible_o upon_o they_o that_o have_v be_v the_o great_a ruin_n of_o their_o traffic_n comprise_v within_o mystery_n the_o of_o these_o their_o new_a impost_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o navigator_n which_o that_o prince_n must_v ever_o careful_o avoid_v that_o will_v have_v his_o country_n and_o subject_n thrive_v thereby_o and_o have_v now_o lose_v all_o their_o trade_n to_o all_o other_o place_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n only_o except_v their_o ship_n and_o galley_n be_v decay_v and_o their_o mariner_n flee_v from_o they_o some_o spark_n be_v see_v yet_o to_o remain_v but_o the_o great_a fire_n of_o their_o mighty_a traffic_n be_v extinguish_v it_o will_v not_o be_v needful_a for_o i_o to_o rake_v the_o ash_n and_o observe_v further_o that_o little_a coal_n that_o be_v yet_o rest_v unconsume_v among_o they_o chap._n clix_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o dukedom_n of_o florence_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o tuscany_n and_o now_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o signiory_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n with_o the_o republic_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n the_o principal_a marine_a port_n whereof_o be_v leghorn_n which_o may_v be_v account_v the_o best_a and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a town_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n not_o only_o thus_o continue_v and_o preserve_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n alone_o but_o of_o other_o nation_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o freedom_n give_v to_o stranger_n and_o merchant_n and_o principal_o because_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n may_v be_v here_o land_v free_a of_o all_o custom_n duty_n and_o impost_n this_o scale_n be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o it_o be_v famous_a throughout_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o ocean_n sea_n in_o this_o republic_n i_o find_v only_o four_o city_n of_o consequence_n that_o challenge_n in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n my_o observation_n which_o be_v florence_n itself_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o dukedom_n next_o sienna_n than_o pisa_n and_o last_o the_o above_o mention_v town_n of_o leghorn_n tuscany_n commodity_n of_o tuscany_n these_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n some_o marble_n rice_n wines_n oil_n quantity_n of_o silk_n both_o raw_a and_o wrought_v in_o stuff_n famous_a for_o their_o fabric_n throughout_o europe_n as_o satin_n taffeta_n velvet_n grogram_n plush_n and_o the_o like_a call_v common_o of_o florence_n from_o england_n be_v here_o vend_v pepper_n cloves_n mace_n indigo_n calico_n as_o be_v east-india_n commodity_n and_o lead_v tin_n clothâ—_n bays_n serges_n perpetuano_n as_o native_a and_o the_o english_a also_o bring_v hither_o herring_n white_a and_o red_a pickle_a salmon_n newland_n fish_n pilchard_n calves-skin_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n a_o great_a merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v and_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a merchant_n in_o europe_n forget_v not_o that_o his_o ancestor_n do_v raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n and_o height_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v and_o to_o this_o end_n be_v find_v in_o leghorn_n a_o stock_n proper_o run_v in_o trade_n for_o his_o account_n which_o be_v employ_v in_o traffic_n as_o occasion_n of_o profit_n upon_o merchandise_n do_v present_v itself_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cosmi_fw-la the_o second_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o florence_n that_o have_v the_o title_n of_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscaâ—y_n confer_v upon_o he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n with_o that_o title_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o by_o pope_n pius_n the_o five_o in_o the_o year_n 1570._o since_o which_o the_o great_a duke_n successor_n have_v desire_v of_o succeed_a pope_n the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o it_o have_v be_v always_o obstruct_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o will_v endure_v no_o king_n in_o italy_n but_o himself_o and_o refuse_v by_o the_o pope_n as_o too_o lordly_a a_o title_n this_o duke_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v know_v that_o his_o predecessor_n raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v his_o territory_n be_v separate_v on_o the_o east_n from_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n by_o the_o river_n pisco_n on_o the_o west_n from_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genoa_n by_o the_o river_n macra_n on_o the_o north_n from_o romandiola_n and_o marca_n anconitano_n by_o the_o apennine_a hill_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n be_v about_o 260_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o in_o some_o place_n as_o much_o in_o breadth_n the_o country_n between_o florence_n and_o leghorn_n be_v about_o fifty_o mile_n be_v full_a of_o spacious_a field_n and_o fruitful_a valley_n here_o and_o there_o a_o pleasant_a mountain_n equalize_v they_o for_o fertility_n abundant_o furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o delicious_a wine_n and_o beautify_v with_o many_o delicate_a city_n and_o town_n and_o in_o a_o word_n plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o the_o benediction_n of_o nature_n the_o inhabitant_n profess_v the_o reman_n catholic_n religion_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o great_a dukeâ—_n dominion_n may_v be_v fit_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n viz._n the_o city_n and_o territory_n first_o of_o florence_n 2._o pisa_n 3._o sienna_n 4._o and_o last_o the_o island_n situate_v in_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n the_o estate_n of_o florence_n take_v up_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n dominion_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o territory_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o apennine_a hill_n so_o call_v from_o florence_n the_o principal_a city_n for_o beauty_n and_o trade_n within_o this_o territory_n nicholas_n machiavelli_n that_o unhappy_a man_n be_v once_o secretary_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o florence_n who_o but_o for_o publish_v that_o which_o be_v frequent_o practise_v by_o prince_n have_v entail_v a_o edium_fw-la upon_o his_o name_n for_o aught_o any_o know_v to_o all_o posterity_n but_o to_o our_o business_n next_o to_o be_v handle_v which_o be_v the_o description_n and_o trade_n of_o florence_n chap._n clx_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o city_n of_o florence_n be_v seat_v near_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n arne_n and_o chian_a and_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a city_n and_o abound_v with_o public_a and_o private_a building_n of_o great_a beauty_n and_o therefore_o by_o some_o suppose_a to_o be_v call_v florentia_n à _fw-la situ_fw-la florenti_fw-la it_o be_v in_o compass_n six_o mile_n and_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n who_o here_o have_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o do_v consist_v in_o fabric_n of_o silk_n that_o here_o be_v make_v and_o be_v hence_o proper_o call_v and_o in_o the_o exchange_n here_o be_v use_v and_o practise_v by_o banker_n for_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v lose_v the_o honour_n of_o merchandize_v which_o ancient_o they_o have_v when_o eminent_a factor_n from_o hence_o be_v send_v into_o flanders_n and_o england_n and_o to_o other_o country_n to_o reside_v who_o manage_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n now_o total_o decay_v what_o i_o have_v find_v from_o other_o or_o observe_v myself_o 1619._o when_o i_o be_v here_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o for_o the_o present_a occurrence_n of_o the_o place_n florence_n account_n in_o florence_n the_o merchant_n do_v here_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sell_v and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n a_o livre_fw-fr and_o other_o again_o in_o crown_n sol_fw-la and_o denier_n of_o gold_n of_o liures_fw-fr 7½_n per_fw-la crown_n account_v 12_o denier_n to_o a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n to_o a_o crown_n but_o all_o their_o commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o laures_n sold_n and_o denier_n of_o their_o money_n and_o to_o reduce_v livre_n into_o crown_n multiply_v by_o 2_o and_o divide_v by_o 15_o because_o 15_o half_a livre_n make_v a_o crown_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o say_v livre_n into_o ducat_n 1_o 7_o be_v to_o be_v take_v florence_n coin_n current_a in_o
florence_n the_o coin_n current_n be_v the_o ducat_n of_o florence_n and_o the_o picol_n the_o ducat_n be_v worth_a 7_o livre_n or_o 70_o bolognini_n the_o crown_n be_v worth_a 7½_n livre_n in_o picholi_fw-la whereas_o the_o custom_n be_v different_a from_o other_o country_n wherein_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n be_v not_o find_v to_o have_v any_o constant_a rate_n with_o the_o current_a money_n of_o the_o place_n and_o be_v adjust_v therewith_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o exchange_n the_o livre_fw-fr be_v 20_o sold_n and_o account_v to_o be_v 9_o d._n sterling_a the_o ducat_n be_v 7_o livre_n be_v account_v there_o 5_o s._n 3_o d._n sterling_a the_o seudo_fw-la or_o crown_n of_o 7½_n liures_fw-fr be_v consequent_o 5_o s._n 7½_n sterling_a the_o livre_fw-fr be_v also_o divide_v to_o 12_o crache_n whereof_o 8_o be_v a_o julio_n which_o be_v 6_o d._n sterling_a 5_o quatrin_n be_v a_o crach_n and_o 60_o crache_n make_v a_o livre_fw-fr florence_n weight_n of_o florence_n divers_a observation_n have_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o weight_n of_o florence_n which_o be_v 100_o l._n or_o quintel_n of_o 12_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n the_o most_o note_a i_o will_v here_o insert_v and_o refer_v the_o truth_n to_o he_o that_o have_v a_o cause_n of_o trial_n because_o i_o have_v receive_v they_o upon_o trust_n the_o 100_o l._n then_o have_v be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o these_o place_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o florence_n have_v render_v in_o anvers_n 73_o l._n lion_n 76_o  _fw-fr dantzick_n 88_o  _fw-fr venetia_n sotile_fw-fr 114_o  _fw-fr venetia_n gross_a 71_o  _fw-fr sienna_n 103_o  _fw-fr pulia_n 104_o  _fw-fr lucca_n 102_o  _fw-fr bologna_n 95_o  _fw-fr farrara_n 101_o  _fw-fr milan_n 117_o  _fw-fr milan_n 103_o  _fw-fr cremona_n 113_o  _fw-fr roma_n 98_o  _fw-fr genoa_n 108_o  _fw-fr marselia_n 91_o  _fw-fr barcelona_n 71_o  _fw-fr valentia_n 96_o  _fw-fr granado_n 66_o  _fw-fr sevil_n 75_o  _fw-fr lisbon_n 92_o  _fw-fr paris_n subtle_a 90_o  _fw-fr paris_n gross_a 112_o  _fw-fr brussia_n 78_o  _fw-fr london_n 78_o  _fw-fr ancona_n 98_o  _fw-fr majorca_n 92_o  _fw-fr sicilia_n sotile_fw-fr rot._n 44_o  _fw-fr and_o gross_a r._n 48_o  _fw-fr tunis_n 100_o  _fw-fr aleppo_n r._n 15¾_n r._n ditto_n silk_n 16¾_n  _fw-fr tripoli_n soria_n 19_o  _fw-fr ditto_n barbaria_n 67¾_n  _fw-fr baruti_fw-la 152_o  _fw-fr alex._n zera_n 162_o  _fw-fr alex._n forfori_n 81_o 6_o  _fw-fr scio_fw-la and_o smyrna_n 71_o  _fw-fr constantinople_n 64_o  _fw-fr rhodes_n 14_o 3_o  _fw-fr acria_n 12_o 8_o  _fw-fr babylonia_n 10_o 10_o  _fw-fr balsara_n 500½_n m._n ormus_n 75_o 10_o  _fw-fr florence_n measure_n of_o florence_n asdruball_n of_o weight_n former_o compare_v so_o do_v i_o find_v the_o brace_n of_o this_o place_n whereby_o all_o commodity_n be_v measure_v and_o upon_o the_o 100_o brace_n of_o florence_n have_v be_v make_v these_o observation_n and_o to_o make_v the_o cane_n be_v 4_o brace_n and_o the_o 100_o brace_n be_v in_o london_n 49_o ell_n anvers_n 81_o  _fw-fr frankford_n 102_o  _fw-fr dantzick_n 67_o  _fw-fr vienna_n 71_o  _fw-fr lion_n 49_o  _fw-fr paris_n 46_o aulns_n roven_n 42_o  _fw-fr lisbon_n 49_o vares_n sevil_n 24_o  _fw-fr madera_n 50_o  _fw-fr venice_n 88_o brace_n lucca_n 97_o  _fw-fr milan_n 112_o  _fw-fr genoa_n 235_o  _fw-fr note_n that_o all_o wrought_a silk_n be_v here_o buy_v by_o the_o pound_n weight_n and_o not_o by_o the_o cane_n noâ—_n brace_n abovementioned_a wine_n of_o wine_n wine_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o cogno_fw-it which_o be_v 10_o barrel_n and_o 1_o barrel_n be_v 40_o metadel_n or_o 20_o bottle_n or_o flask_n each_o bottle_n be_v 2_o metadel_n the_o barrel_n be_v to_o weigh_v 120_o l._n oil_n of_o oil_n oil_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o orcio_n which_o be_v a_o barrel_n and_o contain_v 32_o metadel_n which_o ought_v to_o weigh_v 85_o l._n corn._n of_o corn._n grain_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o moggio_n and_o be_v staio_n 24_o and_o the_o staio_n be_v 50_o l._n salt_n of_o salt_n salt_n be_v also_o sell_v by_o the_o staio_n which_o weigh_v 72_o l._n florence_n agreement_n of_o dry_a measure_n of_o florence_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o staio_n of_o corn_n i_o find_v thus_o compute_v with_o other_o city_n staios_n 3¾_n of_o corn_n in_o florence_n be_v 1_o sache_n of_o venetia_n staios_n 3_o in_o florence_n make_v 1_o sache_n in_o pisa_n staios_n 2â…˜_n in_o florence_n make_v in_o plombino_n 1_o staio_n staios_n 8¾_n in_o florence_n make_v in_o rome_n 1_o rotulo_n staios_n 10½_n in_o florence_n make_v in_o palermo_n a_o general_a salmo_n staios_n 13_o in_o florence_n make_v in_o misnia_n a_o gross_a salmo_n staios_n 1½_n in_o florennce_n be_v in_o naples_n 1_o tomolo_fw-la 16_o tom._n be_v a_o salm._n there_o staios_n 6½_n in_o florence_n be_v in_o ancona_n 1_o somo_n of_o corn._n moggio_n 1_o in_o florence_n be_v in_o arles_n 10½_n sesterce_n staios_n 3_o in_o florence_n be_v in_o marselia_n 2_o mine_n staios_n 60_o in_o florence_n be_v in_o britain_n a_o tun_n of_o corn._n i_o have_v be_v the_o large_a in_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o florence_n because_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o accord_v other_o city_n to_o this_o and_o therefore_o to_o make_v this_o the_o more_o absolute_a i_o have_v add_v the_o follow_a concordancy_n of_o the_o dry_a measure_n of_o this_o place_n with_o other_o country_n follow_v which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v for_o due_a trial_n chap._n clxi_o of_o the_o dry_a measure_n of_o several_a city_n in_o italy_n with_o other_o city_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n etc._n agreement_n of_o dry_a measure_n in_o sundry_a city_n of_o italy_n etc._n etc._n now_o forasmuch_o as_o i_o find_v it_o very_o difficult_a to_o accord_v so_o many_o city_n in_o the_o measure_n of_o corn_n salt_n wine_n etc._n etc._n i_o will_v here_o add_v what_o i_o have_v collect_v therein_o which_o proper_o may_v best_o follow_v the_o precede_a agreement_n of_o the_o dry_a measure_n of_o florence_n first_o then_o a_o mine_n of_o corn_n in_o avignon_n be_v 1_o staio_n of_o pisa_n a_o anne_n of_o lion_n be_v 8_o staios_n of_o florence_n which_o anne_n of_o lion_n be_v there_o account_v 6_o buccet_n a_o quarter_n of_o england_n be_v 11_o staios_n of_o florence_n a_o moggio_n of_o grain_n in_o florence_n be_v 3_o annes_n in_o lion_n which_o moggio_n be_v account_v 10_o sesterce_n there_o and_o the_o same_o in_o provence_n alquier_n 104_o of_o portugal_n be_v 40_o buccet_n of_o lion_n 1_o muy_fw-es of_o orleans_n and_o 12_o in_o 13_o mine_n make_v 13_o buccet_n of_o lion_n 1_o tun_n of_o grain_n either_o in_o picardy_n or_o normandy_n to_o be_v lade_v aboard_o their_o ship_n be_v 16_o mine_n which_o be_v 2â…”_n in_o moggios_n which_o be_v 24_o mine_n and_o the_o 24_o mine_n there_o be_v 3â…“_n moggio_n of_o florence_n and_o 1_o mine_n of_o the_o say_a place_n be_v 3½_n staios_n incirca_fw-la of_o florence_n 1_o tun_n of_o corn_n lade_v in_o britain_n be_v account_v to_o hold_v and_o make_v 60_o staios_n of_o florence_n 1_o fanega_n in_o calais_n be_v 2â…›_n staios_n of_o florence_n 1_o salmo_n general_a of_o sicilia_n be_v in_o portugal_n alquier_v 22½_n the_o say_v salmo_n of_o sicilia_n be_v 11¼_n staios_n in_o florence_n the_o gross_a salmo_n of_o sicilia_n be_v 17_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a than_o the_o general_n the_o salmo_n of_o calabria_n be_v 6_o tumelle_n of_o naples_n the_o tomolo_fw-la of_o naples_n be_v 2_o staios_n of_o florence_n the_o carro_n of_o apulia_n be_v 3_o moggio_n of_o florence_n alquier_v 4½_n of_o lisbon_n be_v 1_o fanega_n in_o andalusia_n 1_o fanega_n be_v 2_o staios_n of_o florence_n and_o a_o little_a more_o so_o that_o the_o staio_n of_o florence_n may_v be_v account_v the_o fanaga_n and_o alquier_n of_o lisbon_n 2â…™_n staio_n one_o moggio_n of_o florence_n make_v in_o arles_n 4â…“_n sesterce_n and_o in_o marselia_n do_v make_v 2_o sesterce_n the_o staio_n of_o venice_n come_v to_o make_v one_o sack_n of_o pica_n or_o little_o less_o the_o mine_n of_o corn_n of_o genova_n be_v 4½_n staio_n of_o florence_n the_o sesterce_n 5_o of_o grain_n in_o avignon_n be_v one_o salmo_n of_o sicilia_n a_o car_n of_o corn_n in_o milan_n be_v in_o calais_n 34½_n fanega_n and_o make_v in_o lisbon_n 145_o alquier_n of_o 36_o tomolos_n of_o naples_n the_o carro_n the_o 500_o retibe_n of_o corn_n in_o alexandria_n be_v in_o leghorn_n 1090_o sack_n the_o staio_n 63_o of_o corn_n of_o ferrara_n make_v just_o a_o carro_n and_o this_o carro_n make_v in_o constantinople_n 57_o cassise_n the_o retibe_n of_o alexandria_n be_v in_o legborn_n 6â…•_n staios_n the_o cillâ—a_n of_o chavella_n be_v 3_o staios_n of_o florence_n 1_o tun_n of_o grain_n in_o britain_n be_v 60_o staios_n of_o florence_n the_o cassise_n of_o corn_n in_o valentia_n in_o spain_n be_v â…”_n of_o a_o general_a
salm_n of_o sicilia_n sesterce_n 10½_n of_o arles_n be_v in_o florence_n one_o moggio_n and_o as_o for_o the_o tomilo_n of_o naples_n i_o find_v this_o observation_n in_o the_o agreement_n thereof_o 36_o tomolos_n of_o naples_n which_o be_v 1_o carr_n have_v make_v in_o venice_n 22½_n stai_n istria_n 22¾_n  _fw-fr segnia_n 68¾_n quart_n in_o all_o dalmatia_n 22¼_n stai_n ragusa_n 19¼_n  _fw-fr catarro_n 22½_n  _fw-fr fermo_n marca_n 9_o â—_o 1_o somo_n corfu_n 14¾_n mosa_n candia_n 97_o mesn_a canea_n 14¼_n moza_n alexandria_n 7_o rob._n tripoli_n barbaria_n 5_o  _fw-fr cassise_n and_o 3_o jubes_fw-la  _fw-fr  _fw-fr zerbe_n 5¼_n caf._n milan_n 3_o mos_n parma_n 45½_n sta._n modena_n 26_o  _fw-fr rimene_n 10â…™_n  _fw-fr cesena_n 13_o  _fw-fr ravenna_n 34_o  _fw-fr forli_fw-la 21½_n  _fw-fr ferrara_n 62½_n  _fw-fr mantua_n 56½_n  _fw-fr bologna_n 24¾_n corbe_n florence_n 80_o stai_n genova_n 16½_n mine_n milan_n 34â…œ_n stai_n treviso_n 20â…ž_n  _fw-fr vicentia_n 34â…›_n  _fw-fr verona_n 50_o min._n bressia_n 12½_n som._n bergamo_n 19_o stai_n cremona_n 11â…œ_n som._n mirandela_n 26_o stai_n for_o other_o particular_n of_o these_o measure_n i_o have_v observe_v the_o same_o in_o such_o other_o place_n as_o my_o collection_n permit_v as_o for_o the_o exchange_n of_o florence_n which_o be_v here_o find_v daily_o practise_v for_o great_a sum_n i_o refer_v the_o particular_n thereof_o to_o the_o 282_o and_o 400_o chapter_n of_o this_o tract_n with_o all_o the_o circumstance_n thereunto_o belong_v and_o therefore_o hence_o come_v to_o pisa_n the_o second_o city_n of_o trade_n in_o tuscany_n chap._n clxii_o of_o pisa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n dominion_n be_v the_o city_n and_o territory_n of_o pisa_n bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o sea-coast_n on_o the_o east_n by_o sienna_n and_o on_o the_o west_n by_o the_o genoese_a the_o pisans_n be_v in_o former_a time_n very_o considerable_a have_v under_o they_o the_o island_n of_o corsica_n sardinia_n and_o the_o baleares_n and_o do_v at_o once_o war_n with_o the_o venetian_n and_o genoese_n they_o be_v at_o last_o conquer_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o genoa_n the_o first_o take_v the_o city_n of_o pisa_n and_o sell_v it_o to_o the_o florentine_n about_o the_o year_n 1410._o and_o the_o latter_a seize_v upon_o the_o town_n of_o leghorn_n and_o sell_v it_o to_o the_o same_o customer_n for_o 120000_o ducat_n about_o the_o same_o time_n these_o two_o be_v the_o only_a place_n of_o trade_n within_o this_o territory_n worthy_a take_v notice_n of_o and_o chief_o the_o town_n of_o leghorn_n but_o first_o of_o the_o city_n of_o pisa_n thereof_o pisa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o pisa_n be_v the_o second_o city_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o tuscany_n seat_v in_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o river_n arâ—…_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o come_v down_o from_o florence_n and_o water_v the_o wall_n thereof_o here_o be_v the_o custom-house_n place_v by_o the_o florentine_a for_o all_o good_n that_o be_v land_v at_o leghorn_n and_o enter_v into_o his_o country_n or_o lade_v in_o florence_n and_o go_v this_o way_n out_o of_o his_o country_n so_o that_o though_o leghorn_n be_v free_a of_o all_o custom_n yet_o the_o duke_n lose_v little_a thereby_o save_v what_o the_o town_n itself_o can_v vent_v which_o be_v but_o small_a for_o it_o be_v but_o as_o a_o scale_n and_o port-town_n to_o this_o city_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o territory_n here_o be_v also_o keep_v his_o principal_a court_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o knight_n of_o saint_n stephen_n have_v here_o their_o alberge_n thereby_o keep_v his_o subject_n from_o go_v to_o malta_n to_o be_v there_o enroll_v the_o duke_n by_o these_o mean_n use_v his_o best_a art_n to_o make_v this_o city_n to_o have_v some_o splendour_n which_o by_o the_o strict_a subjection_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o city_n otherwise_o be_v whole_o deprive_v of_o those_o goodly_a building_n which_o it_o yet_o show_v testify_v its_o ancient_a magnificence_n and_o many_o thing_n anno_fw-la 1619._o i_o observe_v therein_o of_o note_n though_o improper_a to_o the_o subject_n which_o bear_v in_o many_o place_n the_o relic_n of_o that_o greatness_n it_o once_o have_v by_o its_o command_n over_o divers_a province_n and_o the_o war_n it_o maintain_v for_o a_o long_a time_n together_o against_o both_o the_o venetian_n and_o genoese_n but_o to_o my_o business_n weight_n weight_n the_o money_n weight_n and_o measure_n and_o account_n of_o florence_n be_v here_o only_o in_o use_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o reiterate_v measure_n measure_n only_o the_o corn_n measure_n be_v a_o sacco_n which_o be_v 3_o staios_n of_o florence_n the_o wine_n measure_n be_v a_o barrel_n cornuto_n which_o be_v 1½_n bar._n florence_n so_o that_o 7_o bar._n cornuto_n be_v 10½_n bar._n in_o florence_n which_o be_v in_o candia_n 45_o mistate_n and_o make_v in_o naples_n cogno_fw-it 1_n which_o 1_o 1½_n but._n for_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n this_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o a_o bag_n of_o pepper_n from_o land_v at_o leghorn_n to_o the_o dispatch_n in_o the_o customhouse_n here_o be_v about_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n per_fw-la bale_n and_o herring_n english_a have_v charge_n from_o the_o arrival_n at_o leghorn_n until_o dispatch_v in_o the_o customhouse_n of_o pisa_n 15_o sold_n of_o gold_n the_o bar._n of_o 4000_o herring_n and_o the_o like_a for_o other_o commodity_n in_o general_n the_o custom_n of_o this_o place_n be_v ordinary_o 4_o cratche_n per_fw-la liver_n chap._n clxiii_o of_o sienna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n dominion_n be_v the_o city_n and_o territory_n of_o sienna_n situate_v between_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o territory_n of_o pisa_n they_o be_v sometime_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o emperor_n than_o a_o free_a commonwealth_n and_o after_o that_o under_o the_o spaniard_n then_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a and_o again_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o spaniard_n by_o who_o it_o be_v make_v over_o unto_o cosmi_n duke_n of_o florence_n all_o but_o the_o port-town_n which_o he_o think_v good_a to_o keep_v in_o his_o own_o possession_n about_o the_o year_n 1558._o who_o successor_n have_v be_v since_o very_o careful_a in_o keep_v thereof_o as_o a_o place_n of_o great_a concernment_n beside_o they_o be_v a_o good_a addition_n to_o the_o greatness_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o territory_n and_o once_o look_v on_o a_o rival_n to_o florence_n itself_o in_o the_o government_n of_o tuscany_n the_o chief_a and_o only_a place_n of_o trade_n within_o that_o part_n of_o this_o territory_n under_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v the_o city_n of_o sienna_n of_o which_o brief_o follow_v thereof_o sienna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o city_n have_v be_v of_o more_o note_n and_o great_a consequence_n in_o time_n past_a but_o fall_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o florentine_a they_o deprive_v they_o of_o all_o their_o trade_n and_o ancient_a glory_n it_o be_v a_o inland-town_n adorn_v with_o beautiful_a both_o public_a and_o private_a building_n their_o great_a church_n have_v the_o monument_n reserve_v of_o all_o the_o pope_n and_o of_o our_o famous_a countryman_n sir_n john_n hawkwood_n who_o do_v the_o florentine_a such_o good_a and_o valiant_a service_n that_o they_o have_v here_o honour_v his_o memory_n with_o a_o stately_a monument_n here_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v speak_v the_o best_a tuscan_a language_n in_o italy_n and_o further_o i_o can_v not_o note_v material_a anno_fw-la 1619._o account_n here_o and_o the_o money_n current_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o florence_n sienna_n weight_n in_o sienna_n in_o sienna_n they_o have_v two_o quintal_n the_o one_o of_o 100_o l._n wherewith_o all_o fine_a good_n be_v weigh_v be_v incirca_fw-la 3_o per_fw-la cent_n less_o than_o 100_o l._n of_o florence_n the_o other_o be_v for_o wool_n and_o some_o gross_a commodity_n which_o contain_v 150_o l._n of_o the_o former_a 100_o sienna_n measure_n in_o sienna_n the_o brace_n and_o measure_n agree_v with_o florence_n former_o mention_v other_o note_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o dukedom_n i_o have_v not_o meet_v withal_o therefore_o will_v pass_v hence_o to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n and_o will_v omit_v the_o rest_n to_o legorn_v the_o only_a seaport_n of_o note_n belong_v hereunto_o the_o port-town_n within_o the_o territory_n of_o sienna_n be_v 1._o plombino_n 2._o port_n telamon_n 3._o orbitelo_n 4._o monte_fw-fr argentoriana_n 5._o porta_n herculis_n 6._o porta_n longone_n these_o be_v only_a worth_n take_v notice_n of_o for_o trading_n the_o four_o and_o last_o part_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n dominion_n be_v the_o island_n in_o the_o tuscan_a or_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n 1._o elba_n 2._o giglio_n 3._o capraria_n 4._o galienaria_n 5._o gorgona_n 6._o troja_n
chap._n clxix_o of_o urbino_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o urbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o urbin_n be_v a_o fair_a city_n seat_v on_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o apennine_n where_o it_o have_v for_o seaport_n pisauro_n and_o fano_fw-la the_o english_a here_o do_v enjoy_v many_o immunity_n and_o sundry_a privilege_n the_o original_n whereof_o do_v arise_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n vi_o of_o england_n who_o create_v the_o duke_n of_o this_o place_n a_o knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o he_o to_o requite_v the_o honour_n to_o himself_o do_v return_v it_o thus_o to_o the_o say_a king_n his_o subject_n it_o now_o afford_v the_o common_a commodity_n of_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n which_o it_o also_o follow_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n urbin_n account_n in_o urbin_n their_o account_n be_v here_o keep_v in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o soldo_n and_o 20_o sol_n a_o livre_fw-fr the_o current_a coin_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o roman_a and_o do_v as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o these_o italian_a principality_n partake_v one_o another_o coin_n which_o pass_v current_n with_o some_o small_a distinction_n from_o one_o city_n to_o another_o weight_n weight_n the_o weight_n be_v here_o the_o pound_n and_o the_o quintal_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o produce_v in_o venetia_n suttle_n 112½_n and_o gross_a 72_o l._n and_o have_v produce_v in_o london_n 77_o l._n averdupois_n urbin_n measure_n in_o urbin_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o brace_n the_o 100_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venice_n render_v here_o 94_o brace_n and_o the_o 100_o brace_n of_o silk_n render_v here_o 102_o in_o 103_o brace_n which_o be_v in_o england_n inches_n chap._n clxx_o of_o parma_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o parma_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o parma_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o principality_n afford_v the_o commodity_n common_a with_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n do_v over_o and_o above_o afford_v that_o excellent_a cheese_n know_v through_o europe_n by_o the_o name_n of_o parmesane_n it_o be_v not_o note_v for_o any_o eminency_n in_o trade_n the_o great_a fame_n that_o of_o late_o it_o obtain_v be_v by_o be_v subject_a to_o that_o alexander_n farnese_n who_o be_v duke_n thereof_o and_o make_v such_o a_o noise_n in_o the_o netherlands_o during_o his_o regency_n there_o to_o his_o master_n great_a expense_n but_o to_o little_a purpose_n parma_n account_n in_o parma_n for_o trade_n observe_v that_o their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n to_o the_o sold_n and_o 20_o sol_n to_o the_o livre_fw-fr which_o be_v sterling_n the_o coin_n current_a of_o parma_n be_v parma_n weight_n in_o parma_n the_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n and_o 100_o l._n to_o a_o quintal_n which_o be_v in_o england_n about_o 60_o l._n and_o in_o venice_n sotile_fw-la parma_n measure_n in_o parma_n their_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n agree_v with_o the_o brace_n of_o florence_n and_o now_o to_o placentia_n also_o subject_a to_o this_o principality_n chap._n clxxi_o of_o placentia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o placentia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o placentia_n be_v a_o commodious_a city_n for_o trade_n and_o seat_v proper_o to_o that_o end_n upon_o the_o river_n po_n afford_v the_o ordinary_a commodity_n of_o italy_n but_o in_o nothing_o so_o famous_a as_o for_o the_o fair_n in_o exchange_n here_o quarterly_a heap_z to_o which_o place_n all_o italy_n germany_n and_o other_o country_n do_v make_v their_o exchange_n rather_o for_o the_o fair_n than_o for_o any_o commodity_n wherein_o they_o intend_v to_o have_v the_o say_v money_n invest_v and_o for_o the_o money_n of_o the_o country_n there_o be_v no_o account_n have_v therein_o thereof_o but_o only_o of_o that_o wherein_o the_o exchange_n be_v make_v which_o be_v call_v the_o crown_n of_o marque_n wherein_o only_a banker_n and_o exchanger_n do_v keep_v the_o account_n of_o this_o city_n and_o of_o those_o crown_n placentia_n account_n in_o placentia_n their_o account_n be_v frame_v in_o crown_n sol_n and_o denier_n of_o marque_n as_o i_o have_v more_o at_o large_a treat_v of_o in_o several_a chapter_n of_o exchange_n vide_fw-la 276_o and_o 382_o and_o other_o follow_v which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a concurrency_n i_o have_v there_o ample_o specify_v and_o to_o which_o i_o refer_v you_o placentia_n weight_n in_o placentia_n the_o weight_n of_o placentia_n be_v the_o pound_n and_o 100_o l._n the_o quintal_n which_o 100_o l._n be_v in_o venice_n gross_a 66_o l._n venice_n subtle_a 108_o l._n and_o by_o that_o computation_n in_o london_n subtle_a pound_v 72_o l._n incirce_a placentia_n measure_n in_o placentia_n the_o measure_n be_v a_o brace_n which_o be_v 27_o inch_n english_a in_o this_o principality_n be_v mirandola_n account_v of_o which_o a_o word_n passando_fw-la chap._n clxxii_o of_o mirandola_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o mirandola_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mirandola_n be_v a_o city_n also_o belong_v to_o this_o principality_n i_o think_v good_a to_o insert_v in_o my_o way_n what_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o weight_n and_o the_o measure_n thereof_o weight_n weight_n the_o weight_n of_o mirandola_n be_v the_o l._n 12_o ounce_n 100_o l._n whereof_o be_v a_o quintal_n and_o find_v to_o be_v averdupois_n 75_o l._n measure_n measure_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n find_v to_o be_v 26½_n inches_n english_a and_o so_o much_o for_o mirandole_v and_o now_o to_o legorn_v therewith_o to_o finish_v the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o tuscany_n and_o of_o these_o petty_a dukedom_n chap._n clxxiii_o of_o legorn_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o legorn_v and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o legorn_v be_v situate_v on_o a_o sandy_a plain_n close_o to_o the_o seaside_n it_o have_v a_o inward_a mould_n where_o the_o grand_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n galley_n be_v keep_v and_o some_o small_a vessel_n permit_v to_o ride_v and_o be_v account_v the_o strong_a modern_a city_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n purchase_v not_o many_o year_n pass_v for_o 120000_o ducat_n of_o the_o genoese_a by_o the_o duke_n of_o tuscany_n who_o re-edify_n or_o rather_o build_v a_o new_a city_n to_o the_o old_a new_a fortify_v and_o wall_v the_o same_o give_v safe_a conduct_n to_o all_o man_n of_o what_o quality_n and_o degree_n soever_o to_o live_v here_o so_o that_o at_o the_o first_o it_o be_v a_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o thief_n pirate_n murderer_n and_o wicked_a rascal_n and_o because_o here_o be_v also_o grant_v a_o liberty_n in_o conscience_n the_o town_n be_v also_o store_v with_o all_o religion_n but_o as_o the_o city_n become_v populous_a and_o merchant_n be_v grant_v a_o freedom_n in_o custom_n the_o place_n become_v in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o be_v fill_v with_o inhabitant_n and_o to_o add_v to_o these_o immunity_n there_o be_v dwelling_n for_o seven_o year_n give_v to_o any_o that_o will_v come_v hither_o to_o reside_v and_o all_o such_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o arrest_n or_o punishment_n for_o act_n commit_v in_o all_o other_o country_n of_o what_o nature_n soever_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v and_o by_o these_o mean_n at_o first_o and_o since_o by_o the_o encouragement_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n it_o be_v become_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a town_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o those_o sea_n and_o be_v proper_o account_v the_o scale_n of_o the_o florentine_a dominion_n in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n it_o be_v rule_v by_o pisa_n and_o florence_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o duchy_n and_o which_o yield_v the_o commodity_n that_o drive_v the_o traffic_n of_o this_o place_n the_o principal_a note_n that_o i_o observe_v at_o my_o be_v in_o this_o place_n in_o several_a voyage_n be_v as_o follow_v legorn_n account_n in_o legorn_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n 12_o denter_n to_o a_o soldo_n and_o 20_o soldo_n account_v to_o a_o livre_fw-fr which_o be_v nine_o penny_n sterling_a florence_n coin_n in_o florence_n their_o money_n be_v those_o of_o florence_n which_o current_n be_v the_o ducat_n of_o 10½_n julios_fw-la or_o of_o seven_o livre_n which_o be_v five_o shilling_n three_o penny_n sterling_a and_o a_o scudo_n or_o crown_n of_o gold_n be_v 7½_n liures_fw-fr and_o one_o crown_n of_o gold_n in_o gold_n or_o as_o they_o say_v de_fw-fr oro_fw-la in_o oro_fw-la be_v 8_o livre_n also_o note_v that_o 12_o crache_n make_v a_o livre_fw-fr which_o be_v 9_o d._n 8_o crache_n make_v a_o julio_n which_o be_v 6_o d._n sterling_n 5_o quadrin_n make_v a_o crache_n â—0_n quadrin_v a_o livre_fw-fr 3_o quadrin_n make_v a_o sol._n mote_z that_o the_o crache_n be_v ½_n silver_n and_o the_o quadrine_n copper_n to_o bring_v ducat_n of_o florence_n of_o seven_o livre_n the_o ducat_n into_o
few_o vessel_n in_o venetia_n naples_n and_o legorn_n all_o the_o merchant_n of_o italy_n can_v show_v a_o ship_n of_o 100_o tun_n naples_n be_v a_o large_a and_o rich_a country_n and_o genoa_n rich_a though_o of_o little_a extent_n yet_o the_o great_a number_n of_o nobility_n in_o the_o former_a and_o the_o great_a usury_n practise_v in_o the_o latter_a have_v reduce_v they_o to_o a_o neglect_n of_o all_o trade_n except_o what_o the_o bosom_n of_o their_o country_n do_v natural_o vend_v that_o they_o traffic_n with_o and_o these_o be_v in_o themselves_o rich_a induce_v other_o nation_n to_o bring_v they_o those_o few_o thing_n they_o want_v for_o though_o italy_n as_o it_o now_o stand_v acknowledge_v many_o sovereign_n yet_o one_o country_n supply_v another_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o little_a from_o foreigner_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v say_v while_o they_o have_v peace_n they_o have_v plenty_n some_o provision_n of_o fish_n corn_n and_o cloth_n england_n do_v furnish_v they_o and_o in_o return_n have_v only_o their_o silk_n fabric_n oil_n and_o some_o few_o other_o commodity_n so_o that_o put_v aside_o the_o trade_n drive_v thither_o by_o the_o english_a as_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o spaniard_n french_z or_o dutch_a be_v but_o small_a and_o but_o of_o little_a moment_n among_o they_o which_o in_o particular_a may_v be_v thus_o survey_v for_o venice_n i_o have_v give_v you_o the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o now_o in_o the_o wane_n and_o almost_o at_o the_o last_o breath_n save_v where_o it_o be_v preserve_v by_o their_o new_a devise_a edict_n and_o the_o natural_a grow_a currant_n and_o by_o their_o small_a trade_n to_o constantinople_n cairo_n and_o aleppo_n by_o sea_n and_o to_o austria_n dalmatia_n istria_n italy_n and_o into_o the_o upper_a germany_n by_o land_n the_o next_o part_n of_o this_o trade_n of_o italy_n be_v challenge_v by_o naples_n which_o in_o itself_o afford_v rich_a silk_n corn_n oil_n and_o wine_n with_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v content_v for_o they_o covet_v not_o much_o to_o traffic_n among_o themselves_o nor_o yet_o with_o other_o further_o than_o for_o their_o meat_n and_o drink_v and_o clothing_n which_o to_o the_o poor_a sort_n be_v most_o want_v the_o papacy_n her_o share_n in_o the_o trade_n of_o italy_n be_v not_o worth_a the_o nomination_n no_o more_o be_v mantua_n urbino_n and_o those_o other_o petty_a signiory_n the_o tuscan_n right_o demand_v a_o part_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v they_o both_o in_o their_o florentine_a fabric_n and_o in_o their_o privilege_a town_n of_o legorn_n but_o i_o may_v fear_v it_o will_v not_o last_v long_o for_o the_o duke_n grow_v both_o rich_a and_o covetous_a and_o daily_o encroach_a upon_o those_o liberty_n at_o first_o liberal_o give_v to_o stranger_n merchant_n in_o legorn_n and_o who_o every_o day_n be_v see_v to_o lay_v some_o new_a petty_a duty_n upon_o the_o good_n there_o as_o for_o genoa_n be_v they_o as_o true_o wise_a for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o commonwealth_n as_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v to_o themselves_o they_o be_v of_o ability_n to_o do_v better_o and_o to_o have_v that_o trade_n their_o neighbour_n now_o deprive_v they_o of_o milan_n likewise_o struggle_v for_o interest_n herein_o and_o shall_v have_v it_o by_o my_o consent_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v only_o in_o their_o iron_n work_v which_o the_o canton_n serve_v themselves_o with_o and_o in_o their_o fabric_n of_o silk_n which_o lion_n do_v help_v they_o to_o vend_fw-mi lucca_n may_v be_v offend_v in_o my_o silence_n but_o this_o city_n peace_n may_v further_o that_o trade_n which_o otherwise_o her_o own_o or_o her_o neighbour_n war_n will_v utter_o ruin_v you_o may_v see_v then_o of_o how_o many_o part_n and_o member_n this_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a italy_n be_v compose_v and_o how_o the_o trade_n thereof_o stand_v at_o this_o instant_n it_o enjoy_v a_o general_a peaceable_a and_o quiet_a inland_n traffic_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n more_o of_o branch_n breed_v within_o she_o own_o bowel_n than_o of_o foreign_a help_n their_o natural_a grow_a corn_n silk_n grain_n and_o oil_n induce_v they_o thereto_o and_o the_o benefit_n practise_v by_o exchanger_n induce_v the_o rich_a to_o use_v that_o trade_n only_o and_o no_o other_o wherein_o i_o will_v for_o this_o time_n leave_v they_o and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n turn_v my_o head_n and_o hand_n to_o the_o survey_v of_o the_o netherlands_o chap._n clxxviii_o of_o flanders_n and_o the_o netherlands_o or_o the_o seventeen_o province_n and_o their_o city_n thereof_o the_o seventeen_o province_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o i_o will_v here_o for_o good_a method_n sake_n in_o the_o first_o place_n take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o 17_o province_n which_o be_v find_v this_o day_n to_o contain_v 4_o dukedom_n 1._o limburg_n 2._o luxenburg_n 3._o gelderland_n 4._o brabant_n then_o 1._o marquisate_n which_o be_v of_o the_o holy_a empire_n next_o 7_o earldom_n which_o be_v 1._o flanders_n 2._o artois_n 3._o heinault_n 4_o nemur_n 5._o zutphen_n 6._o holland_n 7._o zealand_n and_o last_o 5_o barony_n 1._o westfriezland_n 2._o utrecht_n 3._o overysel_n 4._o machlin_n and_o 5._o groan_v of_o all_o which_o brief_o limburg_n limburg_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o limburg_n liege_n liege_n which_o i_o account_v the_o first_o province_n be_v liege_n or_o luyck_n as_o the_o principal_a city_n who_o trade_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v in_o these_o country_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o city_n of_o limburg_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n weser_n luxenburg_n luxenburg_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o luxenburg_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v luxenburg_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n of_o elze_n in_o this_o country_n be_v the_o famous_a water_n of_o spa_n where_o many_o sick_a man_n be_v find_v to_o drive_v a_o great_a healthful_a but_o costly_a traffic_n sedan_n sedan_n here_o be_v also_o sedan_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o bulloin_n but_o of_o small_a commerce_n gelderland_n gelderland_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o gelderland_n nimeguen_n nimeguen_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v nimeguen_v seat_v on_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o rhine_n call_v the_o whale_n and_o do_v much_o abound_v in_o cattle_n as_o afford_v fit_a pasturage_n thereto_o brabant_n brabant_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o brabant_n i_o find_v note_v many_o principal_a city_n louvain_n louvain_n as_o first_o louvain_n brussels_n brussels_n the_o second_o brussels_n the_o three_o be_v bergen_n ap_fw-mi some_o mastricht_n mastricht_n the_o four_o mastricht_n breda_n breda_n the_o five_o breda_n in_o all_o which_o be_v find_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n a_o reasonable_a traffic_n but_o be_v ignorant_a in_o many_o necessary_a particular_n i_o will_v also_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o more_o learned_a and_o better_o experience_v antwerp_n marquisate_n antwerp_n in_o the_o marquisate_n be_v find_v antwerp_n by_o which_o all_o the_o former_a city_n be_v govern_v in_o trade_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o traffic_n in_o time_n past_a be_v therein_o account_v the_o first_o and_o principal_n of_o the_o know_a world_n wherein_o i_o shall_v observe_v according_a to_o my_o former_a method_n these_o necessary_a particular_n of_o traffic_n follow_v chap._n clxxix_o of_o antwerp_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o antwerp_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o antwerp_n be_v account_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o trade_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o archduke_n in_o all_o these_o part_n and_o have_v have_v the_o prerogative_n above_o all_o other_o in_o time_n past_a neither_o yet_o to_o this_o day_n be_v so_o decay_v but_o that_o in_o many_o particular_n it_o give_v rule_n to_o all_o or_o the_o most_o of_o the_o neighbour_a city_n round_o about_o which_o consider_v to_o abbreviate_v my_o task_n i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o comprehend_v the_o trade_n of_o all_o those_o province_n that_o be_v under_o the_o government_n in_o this_o circuit_n to_o this_o particular_a city_n antwerp_n then_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o scheld_n which_o by_o eight_o channel_n cut_v run_v through_o this_o city_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v eight_o mile_n in_o compass_n some_o of_o these_o channel_n be_v able_a to_o hold_v 100_o great_a ship_n which_o make_v the_o same_o more_o commodious_a for_o the_o transport_v and_o carriage_n of_o ware_n to_o any_o part_n thereof_o the_o former_a and_o ancient_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v great_a and_o eminent_a and_o occasion_v as_o some_o have_v observe_v by_o three_o mean_n and_o have_v its_o decay_n also_o by_o three_o occasion_n first_o by_o reason_n of_o two_o free_a mart_n hold_v yearly_o continue_v five_o and_o forty_o day_n during_o which_o time_n no_o man_n either_o in_o his_o person_n or_o in_o his_o good_n can_v be_v arrest_v or_o molest_v for_o either_o debt_n
or_o otherwise_o second_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n have_v discover_v the_o east-indies_n in_o anno_fw-la 1500_o and_o divert_v the_o course_n of_o trade_n drive_v by_o the_o venetian_n from_o alexandria_n and_o the_o red-sea_n to_o his_o port_n of_o lisbon_n keep_v here_o his_o factor_n and_o send_v hither_o those_o indian_a commodity_n to_o seek_v their_o vent_n and_o this_o first_o draw_v the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n from_o bruges_n hither_o to_o reside_v the_o three_o be_v the_o war_n that_o fall_v between_o the_o french_a and_o charles_n the_o five_o which_o bring_v hither_o many_o gentleman_n from_o village_n and_o petty_a town_n for_o safety_n sake_n here_o to_o reside_v and_o build_v now_o as_o the_o cause_n of_o her_o rise_n have_v be_v note_v to_o be_v three_o so_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o that_o trade_n may_v be_v reduce_v also_o to_o three_o first_o the_o war_n here_o and_o in_o general_a in_o these_o province_n between_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o dutch_a nation_n wherein_o this_o city_n suffer_v pillage_n and_o endure_v the_o command_n of_o new_a law_n second_o the_o abrogation_n of_o part_n of_o those_o privilege_n that_o be_v grant_v here_o to_o the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n and_o other_o that_o the_o new_a and_o great_a custom_n impose_v upon_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n three_o the_o navigation_n of_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a to_o the_o east-indies_n whereby_o the_o portugal_n factor_n decrease_v thereby_o and_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o england_n and_o amsterdam_n in_o holland_n increase_v thereby_o be_v also_o sharer_n in_o the_o india_n trade_n and_o commodity_n leave_v by_o this_o mean_v this_o city_n bare_a and_o to_o subsist_v upon_o the_o traffic_n of_o her_o own_o inhabitant_n in_o that_o nature_n as_o now_o the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o be_v antwerp_n account_n in_o antwerp_n their_o account_n be_v here_o keep_v by_o liver_n sol_n and_o denier_n which_o they_o 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allowance_n or_o garble_n which_o be_v not_o then_o in_o use_n many_o observation_n have_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o this_o city_n which_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o general_a table_n by_o mr._n malines_n and_o the_o same_o be_v there_o accord_v with_o all_o the_o principal_a city_n in_o the_o world_n i_o will_v refer_v you_o thereunto_o for_o large_a satisfaction_n and_o content_v myself_o according_a to_o my_o method_n to_o insert_v the_o same_o as_o i_o find_v it_o with_o some_o other_o particular_a place_n because_o i_o have_v find_v some_o error_n in_o the_o say_a concordance_n place_n weight_n of_o antwerp_n compare_v with_o that_o of_o other_o place_n the_o weight_n then_o in_o use_n in_o antwerp_n be_v the_o 160_o l._n neat_a have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v render_v thus_o in_o london_n 104_o l._n marselia_n 115¾_n  _fw-fr venice_n sotile_fw-fr 155_o  _fw-fr ditto_n gross_a 97¾_n  _fw-fr sicilia_n 68_o  _fw-fr lisbon_n 84½_n  _fw-fr florence_n 132½_n  _fw-fr lion_n 110_o  _fw-fr sevil_n 101â…ž_n  _fw-fr dantzick_n 120_o  _fw-fr ormus_n 108_o rot._n aleppo_n common_a 228_o r._n ditto_n silk_n weight_n 240_o r._n tripoli_n soria_n 272_o r._n tripoli_n barbaria_n 97_o r._n baruti_fw-la 219_o r._n alexandria_n zeroi_n 519_o r._n alexandria_n forsia_n 1165_o r._n constantinople_n 92_o r._n rhodes_n 201_o r._n acria_n 181_o r._n babylon_n 156_o r._n and_o what_o other_o inlargement_n be_v here_o want_v i_o willing_o omit_v and_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o lex_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la country_n measure_n of_o antwerp_n compare_v with_o those_o of_o other_o country_n now_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o will_v be_v needful_a i_o do_v calculate_v the_o measure_n of_o antwerp_n which_o be_v the_o ell_n which_o also_o by_o observation_n have_v make_v in_o these_o place_n acria_n 115_o pico_fw-la aleppo_n 108_o pico_fw-la argier_n 136_o covad_n alexandria_n 124_o pico_fw-la amsterdam_n 101_o ell_n barcelona_n 43_o cane_n bruges_n 98â…”_n else_o candia_n 108_o pico_fw-la castille_n 78_o vare_n constantinople_n 113_o pico_fw-la corfu_n 116_o brace_n damascus_n 111_o pico_fw-la dantzick_n 122_o ell_n florence_n cloth_n 116_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 102½_n brace_n genoa_n 122_o brace_n hamburgh_n 122_o ell_n holland_n 103½_n else_o lisbon_n long_o 63_o vare_n london_n for_o linen_n 60_o ell_n ditto_n for_o woollen_a 75_o yard_n ditto_n for_o frise_n 59_o goad_n lucca_n 120_o brace_n milan_n for_o silk_n 141_o brace_n naples_n for_o silk_n 33½_n can_v paris_n 59_o auln_n roven_n 58_o auln_n sevil_n 83½_n vare_n venice_n for_o woollen_a 101â…”_n brace_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 108_o valentia_n 73_o cane_n urbino_n 101_o brace_n note_v that_o this_o be_v for_o the_o common_a measure_n of_o antwerp_n beside_o which_o they_o use_v another_o el_fw-es for_o silk_n and_o these_o ell_n make_v of_o that_o but_o 98½_n ells._n the_o other_o measure_n of_o sundry_a commodity_n here_o in_o use_n be_v these_o beer_n of_o beer_n beer_n be_v sell_v in_o antwerp_n by_o the_o barrel_n which_o be_v account_v throughout_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n to_o be_v 54_o stoop_v the_o 81_o whereof_o be_v in_o dantzick_n a_o fat_a and_o contain_v there_o 180_o stoop_v but_o 50_o stoop_v of_o antwerp_n make_v the_o barrel_n of_o lubeck_n and_o the_o english_a gallon_n of_o beer_n be_v 2_o stoop_v of_o flanders_n and_o 1â…”_n stoop_v of_o amsterdam_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o vertule_n and_o 37½_n vertules_a be_v a_o last_o of_o corn_n in_o ansterdam_n and_o 10¼_n quarter_n in_o london_n vide_fw-la there_o further_o wine_n of_o wine_n wine_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o be_o the_o stoop_v and_o the_o but_o and_o be_v find_v thus_o to_o accord_v together_o 1_o aâ—…_n be_v 50_o stoop_v and_o one_o stoop_v be_v six_o pound_n and_o a_o but_o be_v 152_o stoop_v so_o that_o by_o this_o rule_n 6_o be_o which_o be_v 300_o stoop_v or_o 1800_o l._n be_v in_o london_n 252_o gallon_n so_o that_o the_o be_o be_v by_o this_o calculation_n find_v to_o be_v 42_o gallon_n and_o the_o stoop_v be_v about_o 3â…“_n quarter_n of_o london_n wine-measure_n or_o as_o some_o account_n it_o about_o 7_o pint_n vide_fw-la london_n for_o more_o certainty_n antwerp_n exchange_n of_o antwerp_n the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o this_o place_n be_v great_a and_o for_o very_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n especial_o when_o as_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v any_o general_a disbursement_n in_o this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o continual_a army_n here_o in_o action_n maintain_v against_o the_o dutch_a the_o particular_n whereof_o i_o have_v insert_v in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n in_o the_o chapter_n 289_o and_o in_o the_o chapter_n 435_o and_o some_o other_o follow_v where_o i_o have_v at_o large_a declare_v the_o practice_n and_o use_v among_o the_o machant_n of_o that_o place_n in_o the_o calculation_n thereof_o whereto_o i_o refer_v
the_o inquisitive_a as_o for_o the_o general_a present_a trade_n of_o this_o country_n i_o shall_v comprise_v it_o with_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o netherlands_o in_o the_o 181_o chapter_n follow_v the_o first_o earldom_n account_v one_o of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n be_v flanders_n so_o call_v peradventure_o à _fw-la flando_fw-la as_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o wind_n divide_v into_o imperialem_fw-la gallicam_fw-la and_o tâ—…tâ—nicam_fw-la gaunt_n gaunt_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o trade_n therein_o be_v first_o gaunt_n who_o wall_n be_v seven_o mile_n in_o compass_n the_o two_o river_n of_o scheld_v and_o ley_n run_v through_o the_o same_o and_o make_v in_o it_o 26_o island_n which_o be_v join_v together_o by_o a_o hundred_o bridge_n and_o have_v not_o she_o often_o sedition_n ruinate_v her_o beauty_n she_o may_v have_v be_v queen_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o europe_n and_o here_o john_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n be_v bear_v common_o in_o history_n call_v john_n of_o gaunt_n bruges_n bruges_n the_o second_o city_n be_v bruges_n once_o the_o most_o famous_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n where_o sundry_a nation_n for_o many_o year_n keep_v both_o their_o magazine_n and_o factor_n for_o the_o sale_n and_o provide_v of_o all_o the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o the_o world_n now_o much_o decay_v of_o its_o former_a splendour_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n adventurer_n and_o of_o other_o nation_n to_o antwerp_n about_o the_o year_n 1503._o it_o be_v seat_v about_o three_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n upon_o a_o fair_a and_o deep_a artificial_a channel_n fill_v with_o the_o water_n of_o all_o the_o neighbour_a and_o adjoin_v stream_n and_o fountain_n which_o channel_n in_o this_o country_n be_v very_o frequent_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o level_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o general_a which_o do_v both_o further_a the_o traffic_n of_o the_o city_n and_o enrich_v the_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v in_o this_o country_n account_v four_o principal_a seaport_n which_o give_v entrance_n by_o sea_n into_o this_o part_n of_o flanders_n dunkirk_n dunkirk_n the_o first_o be_v dunkirk_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o do_v in_o time_n of_o war_n infest_v the_o sea_n by_o the_o name_n of_o freebooter_n and_o because_o most_o of_o their_o war_n be_v with_o the_o dutch_a who_o they_o account_v heretic_n the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o the_o romish_a religious_a rabblement_n of_o this_o place_n join_v with_o these_o pirate_n and_o bestow_v thus_o the_o charity_n of_o the_o ignorant_a secular_a towards_o the_o ruin_n and_o rapine_n of_o their_o fellow_n countryman_n and_o christian_n a_o evident_a testimony_n of_o the_o goodness_n and_o zeal_n of_o their_o devout_a order_n possess_v by_o the_o english_a and_o fortify_v anno_fw-la 1657_o and_o 58._o command_a by_o lockhart_n who_o publish_v his_o declaration_n as_o follow_v old_a jacobus_n at_o 15_o guilder_n the_o new_a one_o or_o carolus_n 14_o guilder_n english_a shilling_n 13_o stivers_n or_o pence_n half_a crown_n 32_o stivers_n and_o 1_o half_a gold_n spanish_a pistol_n 11_o guilder_n gold_n rial_n 8_o guilder_n gold_n sovereign_n 18_o guilder_n gold_n double_a ducat_n 12_o guilder_n gold_n french_a crown_n 5_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n or_o pence_n gold_n hungary_n ducat_n 6_o guilder_n gold_n albertine_n 7_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n gold_n reinis-guilder_n 3_o guilder_n 15_o stivers_n gold_n rider_n of_o zealand_n 7_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n the_o double_a one_o and_o half_a according_o gold_n flemish_a crown_n 4_o guilder_n 16_o stivers_n italian_n pistol_n 9_o guilder_n 12_o stivers_n gold_n crown_n of_o liege_n 3_o guilder_n 10_o stivers_n silver_n ducatoon_n 3_o guilder_n 15_o stivers_n flemish_a or_o seal_v pattacoon_n 3_o guilder_n silver_n lewis_n 3_o guilder_n holland_n rixdollar_n 3_o guilder_n the_o half_a etc._n etc._n according_o cardicue_n of_o weight_n 1_o guilder_n french_a testoon_n of_o weight_n 19_o stivers_n french_a silver_n frank_n or_o livre_n of_o weight_n 1_o guilder_n 7_o stivers_n the_o half_a and_o quarter_n according_o flemish_a shilling_n 7_o stivers_n and_o ½_n the_o ½_n shilling_n according_o zealand_n shilling_n 7_o stivers_n flemish_a stooters_n 2_o stivers_n and_o ½_n flemish_n ten_o stuyver_n 12_o stivers_n flemish_n 5_o stuyver_n 6_o stivers_n flemish_a stivers_n and_o mark_v piece_n at_o 1_o stiver_n or_o 4_o farthing_n as_o also_o all_o flemish_a and_o french_a farthing_n be_v hereby_o declare_v to_o be_v good_a but_o those_o of_o liege_n and_o all_o other_o for_o bullion_n provide_v that_o no_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v more_o of_o the_o say_v flemish_a and_o french_a farthing_n than_o after_o the_o proportion_n of_o five_o penny_n in_o ten_o shilling_n or_o six_o guilder_n and_o whosoever_o shall_v presume_v either_o to_o pay_v out_o or_o receive_v the_o forementioned_a piece_n of_o money_n at_o high_a rate_n than_o those_o here_o express_v shall_v forfeit_v the_o say_a piece_n of_o monies_n and_o four_o time_n the_o value_n thereof_o scluse_n scluse_n the_o second_o be_v scluse_n seat_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o bruges_n command_v a_o fair_a haven_n capable_a of_o 500_o sail_n of_o good_a ship_n and_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o state_n and_o be_v take_v from_o the_o archduke_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1604._o with_o who_o welfare_n it_o can_v stand_v to_o suffer_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o enjoy_v any_o safe_a and_o large_a harbour_n in_o those_o sea_n or_o adjoin_v coast_n nieuport_n nieuport_n the_o three_o port_n be_v nieuport_n famous_v in_o these_o our_o day_n by_o the_o great_a battle_n fight_v near_o it_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1600._o between_o the_o archduke_n albertus_n and_o the_o state_n the_o victory_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v get_v next_o under_o god_n by_o the_o valour_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o english_a and_o their_o valiant_a commander_n ostend_n ostend_n the_o four_o seaport_n of_o this_o country_n be_v ostend_n which_o hold_v out_o a_o siege_n against_o the_o archduke_n of_o three_o year_n and_o three_o month_n which_o have_v make_v it_o for_o ever_o famous_a to_o posterity_n lisle_n lisle_n in_o this_o country_n of_o flanders_n proper_o belong_v to_o the_o french_a and_o who_o language_n be_v therein_o still_o use_v be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o lisle_n account_v the_o three_o town_n of_o traffic_n in_o all_o the_o netherlands_o and_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o some_o infer_v the_o first_o invention_n of_o lay_v of_o colour_n with_o oil_n of_o make_v of_o worsted-says_a and_o many_o other_o stuff_v which_o to_o this_o day_n be_v see_v to_o come_v thence_o next_o be_v douai_n a_o university_n tournay_n tournay_n then_o tournay_n which_o be_v surprise_v and_o take_v by_o our_o henry_n viii_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1513._o to_o who_o the_o citizen_n pay_v 100000_o crown_n for_o their_o ransom_n and_o it_o be_v restore_v afterward_o to_o the_o french_a for_o the_o same_o 600000_o crown_n and_o from_o he_o final_o take_v by_o charles_n v._n beside_o these_o there_o be_v account_v in_o flanders_n 35_o town_n and_o 1178_o village_n of_o lesseâ—_n note_n which_o i_o willing_o pass_v over_o brief_o as_o intend_v to_o comprehend_v the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o a_o chapter_n by_o itself_o artois_n artois_n the_o second_o earld_v they_o be_v artois_n contain_v twelve_o town_n of_o consequence_n and_o 750_o village_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o town_n of_o arras_n whence_o our_o tapestry_n and_o clothes_n of_o arras_n have_v have_v their_o invention_n and_o first_o original_a paul_n s._n paul_n then_o saint_n paul_n the_o earl_n thereof_o lewis_n of_o luxenburg_n play_v so_o often_o fast_o and_o loose_a with_o lewis_n xi_o of_o france_n with_o edward_z iu._n of_o england_n and_o with_o charles_n of_o burgundy_n that_o he_o keep_v they_o for_o many_o year_n at_o continual_a strife_n which_o duke_n charles_n at_o length_n requite_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o head_n and_o earldom_n heinault_n heinault_n the_o next_o earldom_n be_v heinault_n comprehend_v 950_o village_n and_o 24_o town_n of_o note_n cambray_n cambray_n the_o most_o eminent_a be_v cambray_n take_v by_o the_o spaniard_n from_o the_o french_a by_o the_o earl_n of_o fuentes_n anno_fw-la 1595._o account_v a_o free_a town_n then_o mons._n beauvais_n beauvais_n the_o next_o be_v beauvais_n at_o a_o pillar_n whereof_o begin_v all_o the_o way_n lead_v into_o france_n make_v all_o of_o pave_a stone_n by_o brunhault_n the_o french_a queen_n namure_n namure_n the_o next_o earldom_n be_v namure_n contain_v 180_o village_n and_o but_o 4_o town_n of_o note_n namure_n be_v the_o principal_a this_o country_n have_v for_o merchandise_n great_a store_n of_o grain_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o be_v enrich_v with_o mine_n of_o jasper_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o marble_n and_o so_o abundant_a in_o iron_n that_o it_o be_v incredible_a make_v the_o inhabitant_n thereby_o both_o wealthy_a and_o laborious_a and_o it_o be_v find_v moreover_o to_o produce_v
rule_n though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v find_v by_o common_a difference_n to_o be_v about_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n worse_o than_o the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o antwerp_n city_n weight_n of_o amsterdam_n with_o other_o city_n now_o for_o the_o 100_o l._n weight_n here_o in_o use_n i_o find_v the_o same_o thus_o by_o observation_n of_o some_o friend_n to_o answer_v and_o agree_v with_o these_o place_n as_o in_o antwerp_n 107_o l._n conixburgh_n 132_o  _fw-fr constantinople_n 93_o rot._n copenhagen_n 102_o l._n dantzick_n 126_o  _fw-fr flanders_n in_o general_n 117_o  _fw-fr florence_n 133_o  _fw-fr hamburgh_n 102_o  _fw-fr london_n 110_o  _fw-fr lion_n ordinary_a 118_o  _fw-fr mantua_n 155_o  _fw-fr marselia_n 119_o  _fw-fr melvin_n 131_o  _fw-fr milan_n of_o 12_o ounce_n 151_o  _fw-fr stockholm_n 127_o  _fw-fr venice_n subtle_a 167_o  _fw-fr venice_n gross_a 103_o  _fw-fr vienna_n 90_o  _fw-fr naples_n 128_o  _fw-fr noremberg_n 99_o  _fw-fr paris_n 98_o  _fw-fr portugal_n 113_o  _fw-fr prague_n 93_o  _fw-fr ragusa_n 140_o  _fw-fr revel_n 126_o  _fw-fr roven_n by_o viconte_n 97_o  _fw-fr rochel_n small_a 118_o  _fw-fr rome_n 139_o  _fw-fr santomer_n 117_o  _fw-fr saragosa_n 119_o  _fw-fr sevil_n small_a weight_n 113_o  _fw-fr sicilia_n 1â—_n ounce_n 161_o  _fw-fr stralsont_n 98_o  _fw-fr tholouse_n 118_o  _fw-fr verona_n 95_o  _fw-fr urbino_n 144_o  _fw-fr and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o the_o concordancy_n of_o the_o weight_n here_o use_v city_n measure_n of_o amsterdam_n with_o other_o city_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n here_o in_o use_n be_v a_o ell_n which_o thus_o be_v find_v to_o make_v with_o other_o place_n i_o say_v the_o 100_o ell_n do_v yield_v in_o aleppo_n 106_o pico_n argier_n 135_o covad_n alexandria_n 122_o pico_n antwerp_n 99_o ells._n conixburg_n 123_o  _fw-fr constantinople_n 111½_n pico_n florence_n for_o silk_n 101_o brac._n genova_n 120_o brace_n granado_n 82_o vares_n hamburgh_n 121_o ells._n lisbon_n short_a 82_o vares_n rome_n 33_o cane_n valentia_n 72_o can._n london_n 59_o ells._n ditto_n woollen_a 73½_n yard_n lion_n linen_n 59_o aulnâ—_n marselia_n woollen_a 33_o can._n middleburgh_n 99_o ells._n milan_n linen_n 118_o bra._n noremberg_n 118_o ells._n paris_n 58_o aulnâ—_n prague_n cloth_n 109_o ells._n ragusa_n 118_o bra._n roven_n 57_o auln_n sevil_n 82_o vares_n stockholm_n 123_o ells._n beside_o these_o measure_n of_o length_n the_o concave_a measure_n be_v in_o use_n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o last_o which_o contain_v 24_o small_a barrel_n each_o barrel_n 1½_n muyden_n or_o each_o muyden_n contain_v 1_o 〈◊〉_d sack_n each_o sack_n be_v three_o archeteling_n which_o be_v 3_o â—1_n 29_o shepel_v so_o that_o the_o last_o of_o corn_n contain_v 108_o shepel_v and_o this_o last_o be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o antwerp_n 37½_n vertules_fw-la bourdeaux_n 38_o boiseaux_n bruges_n 17½_n hoot_v cyprus_n 40_o medinos_n emden_n 55_o werps_n hamburgh_n 83_o shepel_v lisbon_n 225_o alquier_n london_n 10_o quarter_n pulia_n 36_o timans_fw-la rhegium_n 42_o loop_n roven_n 40_o mine_n rochel_n 128_o boiseax_n rotterdam_n 87_o archeteling_n sevil_n 54_o henegas_n sicilia_n 38_o medinos_n venice_n 32_o stare_v sweden_n 23_o measure_n copenhagen_n 23_o barrel_n for_o the_o measure_n of_o wine_n oil_n beer_n and_o other_o liquid_a commodity_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o malines_n and_o other_o better_a experience_a therein_o and_o proceed_v forward_o to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n zealand_n zealand_n zealand_n be_v the_o next_o and_o last_o earldom_n of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n consist_v of_o seven_o island_n the_o remainder_n of_o 15_o which_o the_o sea_n be_v say_v to_o have_v devour_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o seven_o be_v these_o middleburgh_n middleburgh_n first_o middleburgh_n which_o from_o nothing_o grow_v great_a by_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n and_o now_o by_o their_o removal_n hence_o be_v almost_o come_v to_o nothing_o again_o by_o this_o 〈◊〉_d and_o stoad_n and_o many_o other_o place_n may_v easy_o be_v discern_v the_o benefit_n that_o a_o trade_n bring_v to_o 〈◊〉_d city_n or_o country_n therefore_o my_o prayer_n shall_v ever_o be_v that_o london_n may_v never_o lose_v that_o great_a râ—…utation_n it_o have_v gain_v by_o commerce_n throughout_o the_o world_n flushing_n flushing_n the_o next_o city_n be_v flushing_n famous_a in_o that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o the_o low-country_n man_n get_v from_o the_o spaniard_n and_o be_v cautionary_a to_o the_o english_a sir_n philip_n sidney_n be_v the_o first_o governor_n thereof_o then_o brill_n tergouse_n brever-haven_n to_o all_o which_o my_o curiosity_n lead_v i_o in_o 1625._o in_o that_o my_o northern_a voyage_n west-friesland_n west-friesland_n west-friesland_n be_v the_o first_o barony_n and_o account_v one_o of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v for_o principal_a town_n lewardin_n next_o harlingham_n than_o zeutsen_n and_o some_o other_o seaport_n vtrecht_n vtrecht_n utrecht_n be_v the_o next_o barony_n contain_v therein_o the_o town_n of_o rhenen_n wicket_n amsford_n montford_n and_o utrecht_n the_o principal_a city_n and_o a_o pleasant_a bishopric_n it_o be_v account_v the_o most_o excellent_a seat_n in_o all_o these_o country_n whereto_o be_v find_v many_o ferries_n for_o passage_n for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o man_n may_v easy_o go_v hence_o in_o one_o day_n to_o any_o of_o 59_o wall_a town_n equal_o distant_a from_o this_o city_n or_o to_o any_o of_o 26_o town_n to_o dinner_n and_o return_v again_o at_o night_n to_o bed_n which_o be_v both_o strange_a and_o true_a overissel_n overissel_n overissel_n be_v the_o next_o from_z whence_o come_v our_o linen_n bear_v this_o name_n the_o chief_a 〈◊〉_d be_v swall_n campen_n and_o daventer_n mailin_n mailin_n mailin_n be_v the_o next_o famous_a in_o her_o famous_a nunnery_n where_o be_v sometime_o find_v 1600_o nun_n who_o may_v at_o their_o pleasure_n leave_v the_o cloister_n and_o marry_v as_o indeed_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o they_o groin_v groin_v the_o last_o province_n be_v groin_v the_o chief_a town_n be_v those_o of_o old_a haven_n and_o keykirk_n and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n in_o the_o say_v seventeen_o province_n now_o for_o the_o abbreviate_a of_o my_o work_n i_o have_v comprise_v in_o short_a the_o weight_n measure_n and_o trade_n of_o this_o populous_a and_o rich_a country_n thus_o according_a to_o my_o intend_a method_n london_n weight_n in_o general_a of_o the_o netherlands_o reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o london_n the_o particular_a weight_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o these_o seventeen_o province_n for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o have_v think_v good_a hereby_o themselves_o to_o reduce_v to_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o london_n and_o first_o for_o the_o 100_o l._n averdupois_n of_o england_n what_o it_o produce_v in_o these_o city_n in_o bruges_n 98_o l._n gaunt_z 104_o  _fw-fr audmarte_n 106_o  _fw-fr amsterdam_n 90_o  _fw-fr ypres_n 104_o  _fw-fr dixmude_a 104_o  _fw-fr lisle_n or_o lile_n 106_o  _fw-fr flanders_n in_o general_n 106_o  _fw-fr abbevil_n 90_o  _fw-fr alder_a 87_o  _fw-fr louvain_n 96_o  _fw-fr malmes_n 95_o  _fw-fr halste_v 104_o  _fw-fr popperin_n 104_o  _fw-fr douai_n 106_o  _fw-fr holland_n 95_o  _fw-fr tournay_n 104_o  _fw-fr st._n maur_n 106_o  _fw-fr guelderland_n 95_o  _fw-fr zealand_n 95_o  _fw-fr walsond_n 95_o  _fw-fr arschet_fw-mi 96_o  _fw-fr barow_n ap_fw-mi some_o 94_o  _fw-fr brussels_n 96_o  _fw-fr corterick_n 106_o  _fw-fr hartegen_n bosh_n 96_o  _fw-fr london_n measure_n in_o general_a of_o the_o netherlands_o reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n the_o reduction_n of_o their_o measure_n to_o the_o english_a 100_o yard_n be_v thus_o find_v to_o accord_v therewith_o as_o the_o 100_o yard_n in_o london_n make_v in_o bruges_n 126_o ells._n dunkirk_n 135_o  _fw-fr gaunt_n 130_o  _fw-fr honsooten_n 135_o  _fw-fr audemarte_n 130_o  _fw-fr ysingham_n 130_o  _fw-fr bolduc_n 135_o  _fw-fr dam_n 130_o  _fw-fr brussels_n 135_o  _fw-fr ypres_n 130_o  _fw-fr louvain_n 135_o  _fw-fr sluse_a 130_o  _fw-fr liege_n 135_o  _fw-fr mastricht_n 139_o  _fw-fr covin_z 93_o  _fw-fr lisle_n or_o lile_n 125_o  _fw-fr cambray_n 125_o  _fw-fr amsterdam_n 134_o  _fw-fr douai_n 125_o  _fw-fr harlem_n 125_o  _fw-fr henalt_n 126_o  _fw-fr guelderland_n 139_o  _fw-fr overissel_n 139_o  _fw-fr middleburg_n 135_o  _fw-fr flushing_n 138_o  _fw-fr vere_n 125_o  _fw-fr romerswald_n 132_o  _fw-fr artois_n in_o general_n 131_o  _fw-fr tourney_n 144_o  _fw-fr holland_n in_o general_n 138_o  _fw-fr chap._n clxxxi_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o flanders_n and_o of_o the_o netherlands_o flanders_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o the_o netherlander_n and_o flanders_n now_o let_v we_o consider_v the_o general_a trade_n and_o navigation_n of_o flanders_n i_o mean_v first_o that_o part_n thereof_o as_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o state_n and_o call_v
the_o netherlands_o and_o then_o the_o trade_n of_o flanders_n as_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v observe_v and_o find_v in_o obedience_n to_o the_o archduke_n first_o then_o these_o netherlander_n or_o dutchman_n be_v of_o late_a year_n become_v notable_a mariner_n and_o have_v undertake_v and_o fortunate_o achieve_v many_o dangerous_a and_o long_a navigation_n every_o particular_a city_n have_v both_o many_o and_o great_a ship_n belong_v thereunto_o and_o in_o some_o place_n where_o house_n be_v dear_a and_o scarce_o i_o have_v see_v whole_a family_n live_v in_o lighter_n and_o such_o vessel_n wherein_o they_o eat_v drink_v and_o sleep_v and_o have_v their_o continual_a habitation_n their_o child_n like_o water-rat_n see_v continual_o dabble_v in_o the_o water_n of_o which_o element_n for_o the_o most_o part_n their_o country_n be_v subsistent_a they_o be_v account_v better_o for_o northern_a design_n and_o voyage_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o country_n cold_a situation_n than_o for_o southern_a yet_o their_o late_a trade_n to_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n and_o their_o good_a success_n there_o demonstrate_v they_o can_v also_o accommodate_v themselves_o to_o the_o hot_a climate_n their_o trade_n be_v general_o throughout_o the_o world_n in_o imitation_n of_o their_o neighbour_n the_o english_a who_o step_n for_o many_o year_n they_o have_v follow_v only_o in_o turkey_n they_o have_v but_o small_a traffic_n by_o reason_n their_o country_n want_v those_o commodity_n that_o be_v fit_a and_o proper_a for_o that_o empire_n such_o as_o clothes_n lead_v tin_n the_o main_a staple_n of_o the_o english_a trade_n thither_o as_o for_o their_o judgement_n in_o traffic_n it_o be_v singular_a by_o reason_n their_o want_n of_o many_o necessary_n both_o for_o back_o and_o belly_n enforce_v they_o to_o pry_v near_o into_o commerce_n than_o other_o nation_n that_o 〈◊〉_d in_o a_o more_o fruitful_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o the_o easy_a rate_n that_o money_n be_v to_o be_v find_v at_o interest_n add_v some_o help_n to_o their_o invention_n they_o be_v few_o year_n pass_v account_v of_o a_o heavy_a and_o dull_a temper_n but_o the_o italian_n who_o in_o foresee_v wisdom_n and_o providence_n will_v be_v throughout_o the_o world_n account_v for_o promethei_n be_v by_o they_o make_v epimethei_n as_o wise_a after_o the_o deed_n too_o late_o repent_v for_o when_o they_o come_v first_o to_o settle_v their_o trade_n in_o flanders_n they_o take_v young_a youth_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o be_v their_o cashter_n and_o to_o copy_v their_o letter_n whereby_o they_o come_v to_o learn_v the_o secret_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o italian_n great_a prejudice_n exercise_v it_o themselves_o and_o not_o content_v therewith_o as_o it_o be_v thus_o deprive_v they_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o flanders_n but_o they_o follow_v they_o into_o italy_n and_o there_o live_v as_o spare_o as_o they_o and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o sundry_a province_n and_o principal_a town_n have_v give_v a_o great_a blow_n to_o their_o great_a traffic_n in_o italy_n and_o that_o which_o add_v much_o to_o their_o knowledge_n and_o gain_n be_v that_o they_o covet_v still_o to_o buy_v all_o commodity_n at_o the_o wellhead_n as_o merchant_n say_v and_o where_o that_o commodity_n have_v its_o first_o original_n and_o where_o the_o same_o be_v cheap_a and_o then_o transport_v they_o not_o so_o much_o to_o their_o own_o home_n as_o elsewhere_o where_o the_o same_o be_v dear_a and_o not_o shame_v to_o retail_v any_o commodity_n by_o small_a part_n and_o parcel_n which_o both_o english_a merchant_n and_o italian_n disdain_v to_o do_v in_o any_o country_n whatsoever_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v come_v now_o to_o that_o height_n that_o though_o by_o nature_n they_o want_v all_o thing_n yet_o by_o industry_n and_o merchandise_v they_o not_o only_o supply_v their_o own_o defect_n but_o also_o many_o of_o their_o neighbour_n want_v and_o necessity_n as_o i_o can_v instance_n in_o sundry_a particular_n neither_o must_v i_o omit_v one_o custom_n here_o use_v and_o not_o find_v i_o think_v elsewhere_o in_o the_o world_n that_o whilst_o the_o husband_n sport_v idle_o at_o home_n their_o woman_n be_v ofttimes_o see_v to_o be_v the_o merchant_n and_o in_o some_o province_n here_o sail_n from_o city_n to_o city_n to_o compass_v their_o affair_n abroad_o as_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v find_v to_o manage_v it_o at_o home_n for_o in_o their_o shop_n they_o sell_v all_o and_o take_v account_n of_o all_o and_o it_o be_v no_o reproach_n to_o the_o man_n to_o be_v never_o inquire_v after_o in_o these_o business_n of_o trade_n who_o take_v money_n of_o their_o wife_n for_o daily_a expense_n and_o glad_o so_o pass_v their_o time_n over_o in_o idleness_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o bruges_n have_v be_v the_o city_n where_o in_o time_n past_o this_o great_a traffic_n be_v cohabitant_fw-la it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o look_v back_o upon_o it_o and_o those_o time_n and_o see_v the_o glory_n of_o it_o in_o its_o lustre_n then_o and_o the_o decay_n thereof_o in_o its_o ruin_n now_o bruges_n the_o ancient_a staple_n of_o bruges_n it_o be_v record_v by_o jabobus_fw-la marchantius_n that_o ludâ—vicus_n crossus_n anno_fw-la 1323_o grant_v a_o staple_n to_o bruges_n which_o his_o son_n malanus_fw-la confirm_v which_o staple_n be_v a_o privilege_n of_o stay_v all_o foreign_a commodity_n in_o the_o place_n except_o the_o seller_n and_o bringer_n choose_v rather_o to_o return_v whence_o they_o cain_v exchange_n the_o original_n of_o burse_v of_o place_n of_o meeting_n for_o merchant_n which_o in_o england_n be_v now_o term_v the_o exchange_n this_o city_n have_v a_o eminent_a market_n place_n with_o a_o public_a house_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o all_o merchant_n at_o noon_n and_o evening_n which_o house_n be_v call_v the_o burse_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o â—…tinct_a family_n bursa_n bear_v three_o purse_n for_o their_o arm_n engrave_v upon_o their_o house_n from_o whence_o these_o meet_v place_n to_o this_o day_n be_v call_v burse_v in_o many_o country_n which_o in_o london_n we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o royal-exchange_n and_o of_o britain_n burse_n fifteen_o nation_n in_o the_o height_n of_o this_o trade_n have_v each_o their_o several_a house_n or_o college_n here_o namely_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n scotland_n france_n castilia_n portugal_n arragon_n navarre_n catalonia_n biscaia_n the_o hans_n town_n of_o germany_n as_o lubeck_n hamburg_n rostock_n dantzick_n riga_n revel_v and_o divers_a other_o city_n then_o the_o merchant_n of_o venetia_n florence_n genova_n lucca_n milan_n and_o other_o now_o then_o these_o nation_n have_v by_o this_o mean_v each_o here_o a_o residence_n supply_v this_o city_n of_o bruges_n with_o the_o particular_a commodity_n of_o their_o country_n as_o first_o the_o italian_n they_o bring_v camlet_n grogram_n thread_n of_o silk_n silver_n and_o gold_n and_o clothes_n make_v thereof_o also_o jewel_n wine_n of_o candia_n allom_n brimstone_n oil_n spice_n and_o drug_n of_o all_o sort_n which_o they_o have_v by_o their_o trade_n of_o egypt_n india_n arabia_n and_o grecia_n 2._o the_o french_a bring_v salt_n wine_n white_a and_o red_a paper_n linens_n and_o some_o oil_n the_o english_a wool_n lead_v tin_n beer_n and_o some_o woollen_a clothes_n for_o veil_n for_o woman_n use_v in_o those_o day_n 4._o the_o scot_n bring_v skin_n of_o sheep_n and_o coney_n and_o such_o like_a 5._o the_o spaniard_n and_o portuguese_n bring_v grain_n for_o scarlet_n die_v gold_n silver_n raw_a silk_n some_o drug_n and_o spice_n 6._o the_o german_n dane_n and_o pollacks_n bring_v honey_n wax_n corn_n saâ—…petre_n wool_n glass_n fur_n quicksilver_n rhemsh_a wine_n timber_n for_o building_n and_o the_o like_a and_o 7._o flanders_n yield_v to_o these_o horse_n cattle_n butter_n cheese_n herring_n and_o other_o sea_n fish_n woolle_n and_o linen_n clothes_n tapestry_n of_o great_a beauty_n and_o variety_n excellent_a picture_n and_o other_o manufacture_n and_o by_o this_o great_a concourse_n of_o nation_n flanders_n give_v the_o name_n to_o all_o the_o netherlands_o to_o increase_v yet_o this_o trade_n bruges_n anno._n 1414._o get_v a_o privilege_n that_o they_o who_o be_v free_a of_o that_o city_n by_o gift_n buy_v birth_n or_o marriage_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o confiscation_n of_o their_o good_n which_o exceed_v the_o privilege_n of_o any_o other_o city_n in_o the_o netherlands_o for_o those_o of_o 〈◊〉_d have_v the_o like_a yet_o lose_v it_o upon_o any_o force_n offer_v to_o the_o prince_n this_o trade_n thus_o continue_v till_o the_o year_n 1485._o when_v it_o begin_v to_o decay_v partly_o by_o the_o narrowness_n and_o unsafety_n of_o the_o port_n of_o sluice_n and_o the_o river_n lead_v from_o thence_o to_o bruges_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o fame_n of_o the_o large_a and_o commodious_a river_n sceldis_n
respect_n of_o their_o great_a prerogative_n as_o in_o coin_v of_o money_n and_o know_v no_o lord_n but_o rule_v by_o the_o imperial_a law_n for_o which_o they_o acknowledge_v and_o pay_v a_o contribution_n yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n who_o they_o account_v their_o protector_n and_o these_o be_v find_v to_o be_v about_o 60_o in_o number_n principality_n principality_n the_o three_o be_v such_o as_o be_v hold_v by_o inheritance_n by_o some_o prince_n as_o be_v heidelberg_n vienna_n and_o other_o of_o which_o be_v account_v in_o this_o empire_n incirca_fw-la and_o may_v be_v call_v principality_n there_o be_v also_o find_v in_o this_o empire_n conduce_v to_o traffic_n beside_o the_o lesser_a four_o great_a navigable_a river_n that_o enrich_v these_o hans-town_n imperial_o and_o principality_n communicate_v the_o commodity_n of_o one_o city_n to_o another_o and_o at_o last_o to_o the_o seaport_n where_o the_o same_o be_v last_o of_o all_o vend_v into_o foreign_a kingdom_n danubius_n danubius_n the_o prime_n whereof_o be_v danubius_n which_o in_o run_v 1500_o miles_n do_v receive_v above_o 60_o navigable_a river_n and_o disgorge_v itself_o into_o the_o euxine_a or_o black-sea_n rhyne_n rhyne_n the_o second_o be_v the_o rind_n run_v 800_o mile_n through_o germany_n and_o belgia_n disgorge_v iâ—_n self_n into_o the_o german_a ocean_n albis_n albis_n take_v in_o albis_n which_o be_v account_v navigable_a for_o 400_o mile_n and_o some_o other_o and_o be_v the_o three_o river_n of_o this_o country_n adera_n adera_n the_o four_o be_v odera_fw-la run_v 300_o mile_n in_o length_n issue_v out_o in_o the_o baltick-sea_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v many_o other_o of_o note_n as_o weser_n emse_n and_o other_o in_o themselves_o find_v to_o be_v great_a river_n enrich_v divers_a part_n of_o this_o country_n though_o far_o inferior_a to_o the_o former_a east-frisland_n east-frisland_n last_o this_o empire_n be_v find_v to_o contain_v 20_o large_a province_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o little_a insight_n therein_o i_o will_v cursory_o pass_v over_o and_o refer_v the_o same_o wherein_o i_o be_o defective_a to_o the_o better_a learned_a east-frisland_n be_v account_v the_o first_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o oldenberg_n ammerdam_n and_o last_o emden_n which_o for_o its_o former_a eminency_n in_o trade_n i_o can_v so_o slight_o pass_v over_o without_o a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n clxxxiii_o of_o emden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o emden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o emden_n have_v be_v in_o time_n pass_v of_o far_o great_a trade_n than_o now_o it_o be_v it_o be_v for_o some_o year_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o english_a merchant-adventurer_n but_o the_o civil_a war_n about_o religion_n raise_v between_o the_o citizen_n and_o their_o count_n be_v in_o part_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o city_n lie_v in_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o only_o divide_v by_o the_o river_n emse_n from_o the_o netherlands_n and_o by_o a_o inland_a sea_n from_o west-frisland_n be_v one_o of_o those_o province_n in_o summer_n it_o be_v find_v a_o pleasant_a city_n but_o in_o winter_n as_o if_o drown_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o all_o the_o field_n cover_v with_o water_n make_v it_o to_o appear_v as_o a_o island_n in_o the_o water_n as_o for_o the_o money_n current_n and_o form_n of_o account_n keep_v here_o by_o merchant_n i_o omit_v that_o to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o coin_n and_o account_n of_o germany_n in_o general_a but_o note_v hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n in_o use_n be_v these_o emden_n weight_n of_o emden_n the_o common_a weight_n of_o emden_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o the_o quintal_n or_o 100_o l._n make_v in_o london_n emden_n measure_v of_o emden_n their_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n be_v a_o ell_n wherewith_o they_o measure_v linen_n woollen_a and_o silk_n in_o general_a the_o 100_o whereof_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o london_n 48½_n ell_n and_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n to_o have_v make_v there_o about_o 162_o or_o 163_o ells._n corn_n be_v here_o measure_v by_o the_o werp_n 55_o werps_n make_v 10_o quarter_n of_o london_n or_o a_o last_o of_o amsterdam_n but_o 61_o werps_n be_v here_o a_o last_o consist_v of_o 4_o werps_n great_a of_o 15½_n barrel_n the_o werp_n westphalia_n westphalia_n westphalia_n be_v next_o contain_v in_o itself_o a_o large_a tract_n and_o produce_v those_o acorn_n in_o abundance_n which_o feed_v their_o swine_n and_o which_o afford_v those_o gammon_n which_o be_v account_v so_o excellent_a a_o dish_n the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o country_n be_v bremen_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o breme_n as_o the_o principal_a then_o clappenburgh_n exenburgh_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n then_o collonia_n wherein_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o three_o wise_a man_n which_o come_v from_o the_o east_n to_o worship_v our_o saviour_n and_o this_o belong_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o collen_n here_o be_v also_o warendorp_n and_o some_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o munster_n and_o boport_n enger_n coblent_n and_o trier_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o trier_n of_o the_o principal_a of_o which_o a_o word_n passando_fw-la chap._n clxxxiv_o of_o breme_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o breme_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o breme_n be_v one_o of_o the_o hans-town_n so_o call_v for_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o traffic_n here_o practise_v strong_o fortify_v five_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n the_o river_n visurge_v serve_v to_o convey_v all_o commodity_n hither_o as_o run_v through_o the_o city_n ossenbridge_n ossenbridge_n near_o which_o lie_v that_o small_a but_o well_o know_v town_n of_o ossenbridge_n note_v for_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o narrow_a linen_n cloth_n that_o be_v hence_o convey_v to_o england_n and_o other_o country_n it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o this_o city_n the_o custom_n be_v first_o raise_v in_o swear_v and_o enhance_a new_a comer_n by_o bread_n and_o salt_n and_o of_o infranchise_v they_o into_o their_o city_n by_o pay_v a_o certain_a mulct_n or_o fine_a in_o good_a liquor_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n which_o be_v now_o a_o general_a receive_v custom_n in_o all_o the_o hans-town_n of_o germany_n and_o become_v part_n of_o the_o traffic_n thereof_o breme_n weight_n of_o breme_n the_o common_a weight_n of_o breme_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o ounce_n the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o have_v render_v in_o london_n pound_n breme_n measure_n of_o breme_n the_o common_a measure_n for_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o ell_n above_o mention_v in_o emden_n but_o in_o ossenbridge_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o 100_o yard_n london_n make_v 84_o ell_n there_o incirea_v and_o the_o 100_o ell_n of_o london_n be_v here_o in_o ossenbridge_n about_o 105_o ells._n chap._n clxxxv_o of_o collen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o collen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o collen_n common_o for_o distinction_n call_v in_o latin_a colonia_n agrippina_n be_v a_o very_a fair_a city_n whereto_o be_v find_v great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n near_o to_o this_o city_n do_v caesar_n with_o incredible_a expedition_n make_v a_o bridge_n over_o the_o river_n rhyne_n near_o which_o the_o town_n be_v at_o present_a situate_a which_o more_o terrify_v the_o barbarous_a enemy_n than_o the_o report_n of_o his_o valour_n the_o archbishop_n of_o this_o city_n be_v the_o second_o especial_a elector_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o chancellor_n of_o italy_n here_o '_o we_o say_v be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o three_o wiseman_n which_o come_v from_o the_o east_n to_o worship_v our_o saviour_n vulgar_o call_v the_o three_o king_n of_o collen_n who_o body_n be_v translate_v by_o helena_n the_o mother_n of_o constantine_n unto_o constantinople_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o eustorfius_n bishop_n of_o milan_n transport_v to_o milan_n final_o bring_v hither_o by_o rinoldus_n bishop_n of_o this_o place_n collen_n weight_n of_o collen_n the_o common_a weight_n of_o collen_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v make_v in_o london_n 110_o l._n collen_n measure_n of_o collen_n the_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n here_o in_o use_n the_o 100_o ell_n whereof_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o london_n 60_o ells._n collen_n exchange_n of_o collen_n here_o be_v great_a exchange_n practise_v in_o this_o city_n as_o proper_a and_o fit_a thereunto_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o rich_a banker_n and_o merchant_n that_o be_v find_v here_o to_o reside_v the_o which_o i_o have_v large_o declare_v in_o chap._n 290._o of_o exchange_n of_o this_o place_n in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o work_n wherefore_o it_o will_v be_v here_o needless_a to_o insert_v the_o same_o
cleveland_n cleveland_n the_o three_o province_n be_v cleveland_n contain_v the_o earldom_n of_o cleve_n the_o dutchy_n of_o gulick_n and_o berge_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o fair_a city_n of_o cleve_n calker_n wesel_n emrick_n aken_n gulick_n dulkins_n and_o other_o which_o i_o omit_v for_o brevity_n alsatia_n alsatia_n the_o four_o province_n be_v alsatia_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o psaltberg_n wesenberg_n colmar_n and_o principal_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o strasburg_n of_o which_o a_o word_n chap._n clxxxvi_o of_o strasburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o strasburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o straâ—burg_n be_v one_o of_o the_o imperial_a city_n beforementioned_a seat_v a_o musket-shot_a from_o the_o rhine_n whereto_o there_o be_v a_o channel_n cut_v for_o conveyance_n of_o all_o commodity_n there_o be_v here_o also_o a_o wooden_a bridge_n over_o the_o rhine_n but_o of_o no_o great_a strength_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o city_n may_v be_v aboâ—t_v 8_o mile_n well_o fortify_v and_o be_v famous_a for_o many_o rarity_n the_o principal_a be_v their_o clock_n which_o cost_v so_o many_o year_n labour_v to_o perfect_v and_o the_o steeple_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n be_v number_v among_o the_o seven_o miracle_n of_o the_o world_n for_o its_o excellent_a structure_n and_o beauty_n the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o stranger_n be_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v and_o here_o they_o be_v accustom_v at_o the_o city_n cost_n to_o give_v all_o handicraft_n entertainment_n that_o they_o may_v either_o teach_v if_o expert_a or_o learn_v if_o ignorant_a by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v find_v to_o have_v confluence_n of_o artisan_n which_o do_v both_o much_o further_o their_o city_n stock_n and_o enrich_v the_o inhabitant_n strasburg_n weight_n of_o strasburg_n in_o strasburg_n be_v find_v two_o weight_n gross_a and_o subtle_a and_o by_o observation_n it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a of_o london_n have_v make_v here_o incirca_fw-la 70_o in_o 71_o l._n of_o the_o gross_a weight_n for_o gross_a good_n of_o 16_o ounce_n the_o pound_n and_o 107_o l._n subtle_a weight_n of_o 12_o ounce_n the_o pound_n by_o which_o they_o use_v to_o weigh_v all_o fine_a commodity_n as_o drug_n and_o spice_n as_o sugar_n pepper_n cloves_n mace_n cinnamon_n almond_n date_n and_o the_o like_a strasburg_n measure_n of_o strasburg_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n of_o strasburg_n be_v the_o ell_n which_o be_v in_o london_n inch_n the_o coin_n current_a be_v the_o bohemico_fw-la gross_a or_o blaphace_n whichis_fw-la three_o crusters_n one_o cruster_fw-la be_v two_o penny_n and_o one_o penny_n be_v two_o heller_n and_o one_o heller_n be_v two_o orchin_n by_o which_o coin_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n vide_fw-la further_o chap._n 206._o franconia_n franconia_n the_o five_o province_n be_v franconia_n divide_v into_o eight_o part_n the_o low_a palatine_a be_v the_o first_o part_n wherein_o be_v find_v worm_n spiers_n and_o heidelberg_n the_o chief_a city_n belong_v to_o those_o prince_n bacarac_n bacarac_n bacarac_n famous_a for_o the_o excellent_a rhenish_a wine_n here_o grow_v coub_v openham_n frankendak_v and_o other_o wittenberg_n wittenberg_n the_o second_o part_n be_v wittenberg_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v toub_v stutgard_n stutgard_n 2_o stutgard_n the_o duke_n seat_n 3_o marlach_n and_o other_o auspach_n auspach_n the_o three_o part_n be_v auspach_v haibram_n and_o other_o baden_n baden_n the_o four_o be_v baden_n wherein_o the_o city_n baden_n durlach_n and_o other_o mentz_n mentz_n the_o five_o be_v mentz_n wherein_o lantsem_n be_v and_o other_o bainberg_n bainberg_n the_o six_o be_v bainberg_n a_o fair_a city_n and_o some_o other_o westberg_n westberg_n the_o seven_o be_v westberg_n a_o city_n arustine_n and_o some_o other_o the_o eight_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n noremberg_n noremberg_n wherein_o be_v find_v noremberg_n the_o fair_a and_o rich_a city_n of_o germany_n and_o seat_v in_o the_o centre_n thereof_o frankfort_n frankfort_n and_o also_o here_o be_v frankfort_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n menus_fw-la famous_a for_o the_o two_o book-mart_n here_o keep_v annual_o in_o midlent_a and_o mid-september_n a_o word_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o these_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o province_n chap._n clxxxvii_o of_o worm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o worm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o worm_n be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o yet_o want_v not_o magnificence_n in_o her_o building_n on_o the_o westside_n thereof_o grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n those_o wine_n know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o rhenish_n it_o be_v more_o famous_a for_o the_o many_o imperial_a parliament_n hold_v here_o of_o old_a than_o it_o be_v for_o trade_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o have_v cause_n to_o insist_v much_o thereupon_o near_o to_o this_o city_n stand_v the_o city_n of_o frankendale_n a_o new_a modern_a strong_a fair_a and_o beautiful_a piece_n which_o have_v make_v itself_o famous_a in_o the_o late_a war_n of_o these_o part_n these_o coast_n afford_v the_o most_o excellent_a wine_n abovementioned_a here_o in_o great_a plenty_n abound_v and_o be_v sound_a to_o grow_v especial_o on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v the_o prime_a commodity_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n both_o of_o the_o city_n and_o province_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n here_o be_v find_v to_o accord_v with_o spiers_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o inquirer_n chap._n clxxxviii_o of_o spiers_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o spiers_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o spiers_n be_v half_a a_o mile_n from_o the_o rind_n seat_v in_o a_o plain_a on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o say_a river_n have_v more_o antiquity_n than_o beauty_n and_o yet_o more_o beauty_n than_o trade_n here_o the_o imperial_a chamber_n be_v hold_v in_o which_o court_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v judge_v and_o the_o electâ—…s_v themselves_o may_v be_v call_v hither_o to_o trial_n of_o law_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v these_o spiers_n weight_n of_o spiers_n first_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o place_n the_o common_a be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n or_o 32_o loot_n of_o which_o be_v make_v two_o several_a quintal_n one_o of_o 100_o l._n another_o of_o 120_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n here_o be_v in_o london_n 111_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n be_v about_o 88_o l._n here_o of_o 32_o loot_n per_fw-la pound_n spiers_n measure_n of_o spiers_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n use_v be_v the_o ell_n which_o be_v in_o london_n inch_n chap._n clxxxix_o of_o heidelberg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o heidelberg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o city_n of_o heidelberg_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o plain_a environ_v on_o three_o part_n with_o high_a mountain_n the_o four_o part_n open_a and_o behold_v the_o river_n from_o which_o it_o be_v a_o mile_n distant_a and_o to_o which_o it_o convey_v all_o commodity_n by_o a_o small_a river_n that_o run_v by_o the_o wall_n thereof_o this_o be_v a_o university_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o palsgraves_n and_o have_v not_o be_v much_o famous_v for_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n here_o in_o use_n be_v these_o heidelberg_n weight_n of_o heidelberg_n the_o weight_n common_a in_o use_n here_o be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n of_o which_o be_v make_v three_o several_a hundred_o or_o quintar_n the_o first_o of_o 100_o l._n for_o fine_a good_n the_o second_o of_o 120_o l._n for_o gross_a good_n and_o the_o three_o of_o 132_o l._n for_o provision_n of_o food_n as_o butter_n flesh_n etc._n etc._n the_o 100_o l._n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o london_n 108_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a make_v then_o here_o about_o 92_o or_o 93_o l._n heidelberg_n measure_n of_o heidelberg_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v a_o ell_n which_o make_v in_o london_n inch_n chap._n cxc_o of_o noremberg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o noremberg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o noremberg_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o barren_a soil_n yet_o this_o defect_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v absolute_a and_o of_o itself_o and_o account_v one_o of_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o rich_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o inhabitant_n by_o their_o subtle_a invention_n in_o manual_a work_n and_o cunning_a art_n with_o the_o encouragement_n they_o daily_o give_v to_o artificer_n draw_v thereby_o the_o riches_n of_o other_o country_n to_o they_o every_o child_n though_o but_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n old_a be_v here_o put_v to_o work_v and_o enable_v thereby_o to_o get_v his_o own_o livelihood_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n be_v all_o europe_n fill_v with_o the_o trivial_a commodity_n of_o this_o town_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o noremberg_n ware_n which_o make_v this_o city_n rich_a strong_a and_o powerful_a their_o trade_n be_v not_o
silk_n which_o because_o it_o very_o near_o agree_v with_o frankfort_n of_o which_o i_o have_v make_v mention_n before_o i_o pass_v the_o same_o over_o bavaria_n bavaria_n bavaria_n be_v the_o ten_o province_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v munchen_n on_o the_o river_n aser_n and_o the_o duke_n seat_n 2_o ingolstat_fw-la a_o university_n 3_o ratisbona_n 4_o passave_o 5_o salsburgh_n and_o many_o other_o great_a city_n northgoia_n northgoia_n northgoia_n or_o the_o upper_a palatinate_n be_v the_o eleven_o and_o belong_v total_o to_o the_o palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v amberg_n who_o silver_n mine_n yield_v yearly_o 60000_o crown_n rend_v to_o the_o prince_n coffer_n 2_o neuburg_n and_o other_o austria_n austria_n austria_n be_v the_o twelve_o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o vienna_n seat_v on_o danubius_n one_o of_o the_o most_o beautiful_a town_n of_o germany_n and_o wall_v as_o story_n say_v with_o the_o money_n that_o leopold_n the_o duke_n have_v for_o king_n richard_n i._o his_o ransom_n be_v by_o he_o take_v in_o his_o return_n through_o palestine_n gratse_n gratse_n 2_o gratse_n from_o whence_o the_o present_a emperor_n have_v their_o name_n 3_o santo_n vitti_n the_o metropolis_n of_o carinthia_n 4_o newark_n the_o chief_a of_o carniolo_n and_o in_o triolis_n be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o inspurg_n triol_n bolson_n and_o trent_n famous_a for_o the_o council_n here_o hold_v and_o conclude_v after_o 40_o year_n linger_a and_o politic_a delay_n chap._n cxcu._n of_o vienna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o vienna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o vienna_n be_v at_o present_a the_o seat_n of_o the_o german_a emperor_n and_o be_v now_o the_o bulwark_n of_o this_o country_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o turk_n who_o have_v more_o than_o once_o in_o vain_a attempt_v it_o on_o the_o north-side_n run_v the_o river_n danow_n which_o here_o divide_v itself_o into_o three_o arm_n encompass_v a_o good_a space_n of_o ground_n and_o then_o meet_v again_o and_o all_o this_o be_v again_o unite_a by_o three_o stone_n bridge_n one_o contain_v 29_o arch_n another_o 57_o arch_n and_o a_o three_o 15_o arch_n each_o arch_n be_v 60_o foot_n asunder_o here_o be_v many_o merchant_n of_o great_a quality_n who_o have_v their_o factor_n in_o venetia_n florence_n and_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n to_o supply_v they_o with_o the_o fabric_n of_o silk_n make_v there_o such_o as_o be_v satin_n damask_n taffata_n velvet_n cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o such_o like_a vienna_n weight_n of_o vienna_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n here_o be_v the_o pound_n which_o be_v in_o some_o commodity_n divide_v into_o 32_o loot_n in_o some_o into_o 128_o quint_v and_o in_o somo_fw-la into_o 512_o fennings_n of_o which_o pound_n the_o quintar_n be_v make_v which_o be_v 100_o l._n which_o do_v render_v in_o london_n about_o 123_o l._n incirca_fw-la and_o therewith_o be_v find_v idra_n and_o erford_n to_o agree_v the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n make_v here_o 81_o l._n ½_n vienna_n measure_n in_o vienna_n their_o measure_n for_o length_n be_v two_o one_o in_o linen_n and_o the_o other_o in_o woollen_a the_o 100_o yard_n in_o london_n make_v here_o in_o linen_n 103_o ell_n and_o in_o cloth_n and_o silk_n 113_o ells._n vienna_n exchange_n of_o vienna_n there_o be_v here_o as_o be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o emperor_n a_o great_a exchange_n in_o use_n and_o they_o be_v find_v to_o account_n and_o exchange_v by_o rix_n dollar_n of_o 8_o s._n flemish_n and_o by_o ducat_n of_o gold_n of_o 12_o s._n flemish_n bohemia_n bohemia_n the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n be_v the_o thirteen_o wherein_o be_v account_v about_o 780_o city_n wall_a town_n and_o castle_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v prague_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n 2_o eger_n 3_o buate_n 4_o melmuke_n pilsen_n and_o other_o preslau_n preslau_n and_o in_o this_o tract_n be_v find_v preslau_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o silesia_n gorlitse_fw-la gorlitse_fw-la also_o gorlitso_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o lusatia_n and_o brin_n and_o olmut_v olmut_v olmut_v the_o chief_a of_o moravia_n but_o the_o trade_n of_o bohemia_n i_o will_v comprise_v under_o the_o title_n of_o prague_n here_o follow_v as_o be_v the_o metropolis_n thereof_o chap._n cxcvi_o of_o prague_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o prague_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o city_n of_o prague_n include_v three_o town_n as_o new_a prague_n old_a prague_n and_o a_o city_n inhabit_v by_o jew_n encompass_v with_o one_o wall_n neither_o strong_a nor_o beautiful_a the_o river_n molda_n do_v run_v through_o the_o same_o but_o be_v not_o navigable_a nor_o commodious_a for_o carriage_n or_o transportation_n of_o merchandise_n to_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o much_o addict_v corn_n and_o wine_n be_v the_o prime_a commodity_n the_o country_n afford_v and_o timber_n abundance_n of_o which_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o house_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v and_o that_o in_o whole_a piece_n as_o the_o same_o grow_v and_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o bark_n thereof_o take_v away_o bohemia_n weight_n of_o prague_n and_o of_o bohemia_n the_o weight_n of_o prague_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a of_o london_n have_v make_v here_o about_o 83_o l._n pasau_n and_o regenborge_n agree_v also_o therewith_o as_o do_v also_o the_o most_o part_n of_o this_o country_n bohemia_n measure_n of_o prague_n and_o of_o bohemia_n their_o measure_n be_v the_o ell_n of_o which_o they_o have_v two_o one_o in_o linen_n and_o the_o other_o in_o cloth_n and_o silk_n the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n have_v make_v in_o linen_n 148_o ell_n and_o in_o woollen_a 160_o ells._n vide_fw-la coin_n current_a in_o bohemia_n brandenburg_n brandenburg_n brandenburg_n be_v the_o fourteen_o wherein_o be_v reckon_v 50_o city_n and_o 64_o wall_a town_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v brandenburg_n than_o frankfort_n for_o distinction_n call_v upon_o other_o next_o berlin_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o marquis_n havelburg_n seat_v upon_o havel_n and_o many_o other_o of_o consequence_n whereof_o little_a be_v come_v to_o my_o observation_n therefore_o i_o will_v in_o silence_n pass_v they_o over_o pomerania_n pomerania_n pomerania_n be_v the_o fifteen_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v statin_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n wallen_n wallen_n then_o wallen_n once_o the_o famous_a mart-town_n of_o all_o these_o country_n the_o russian_n dane_n saxon_n and_o vandal_n have_v here_o their_o particular_a street_n of_o abode_n for_o commence_v and_o trade_n but_o ruin_v by_o war_n the_o trade_n be_v remove_v to_o lubeck_n where_o yet_o in_o some_o measure_n it_o be_v find_v to_o continue_v still_o mecklenburg_n mecklenburg_n mecklenburg_n be_v the_o sixteenth_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o malchan_n sternbâ—…g_n wismar_n and_o some_o other_o saxony_n saxony_n saxony_n be_v the_o seventeen_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v many_o city_n of_o note_n the_o principal_a be_v first_o erford_n one_o of_o the_o fair_a in_o germany_n 2_o irne_n a_o university_n for_o physician_n 3_o smalcald_a famous_a for_o the_o protestant_a league_n here_o make_v 4_o dresden_n seat_v on_o the_o albis_n and_o the_o duke_n magazine_n for_o war_n and_o arm_n for_o 30000_o horse_n and_o foot_n over_o in_o readiness_n at_o a_o day_n warn_v 5_o lipsick_a a_o university_n which_o yearly_o do_v yield_v the_o duke_n for_o custom_n of_o beer_n drink_v and_o transport_v 20000_o l._n sterling_a 6_o wittenberg_n a_o university_n and_o the_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o electâ—_fw-la of_o saxony_n and_o 7_o maidenburg_n where_o it_o be_v say_v luther_n study_v divinity_n of_o some_o of_o these_o a_o word_n chap._n cxcvii_o of_o lipsick_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o lipsick_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o lipsick_a be_v seat_v in_o a_o plain_a of_o most_o fruitful_a corn_n ground_n the_o street_n fair_a and_o the_o chief_a house_n build_v of_o freestone_n of_o roof_n high_a it_o be_v account_v also_o a_o university_n but_o find_v to_o be_v of_o no_o great_a note_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o wittenberg_n they_o have_v for_o some_o trespass_n lose_v those_o great_a privilege_n they_o former_o enjoy_v and_o therefore_o their_o trade_n be_v not_o account_v great_a they_o may_v now_o neither_o fortify_v their_o town_n nor_o wind_v a_o horn_n in_o the_o night-watche_n as_o other_o city_n in_o germany_n do_v nor_o yet_o use_v red_a wax_n in_o their_o public_a seal_n or_o contract_n which_o be_v all_o of_o they_o account_v in_o germany_n sign_n of_o freedom_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n in_o use_n be_v these_o lipsick_a weight_n of_o lipsick_a the_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o which_o be_v make_v three_o quintar_n one_o of_o 100_o l._n another_o of_o 120_o l._n and_o a_o three_o of_o 132_o l._n vide_fw-la more_fw-mi
common_a coin_n be_v the_o rappen_v munt_n whereon_o be_v stamp_v a_o crow_n six_o of_o these_o rappen_v of_o basil_n make_v a_o plapart_n or_o three_o cretzer_n and_o 20_o plapart_n or_o 60_o cretzer_n make_v a_o common_a guilden_a and_o 3_o pfen_a make_v a_o cretzer_n at_o zurick_v it_o be_v find_v that_o 6_o pfening_n make_v a_o shilling_n and_o may_v be_v worth_a a_o penny_n sterling_a and_o 3_o pfening_n make_v a_o sickerling_n two_o great_a finfer_v of_o basil_n and_o one_o little_a finferlin_n make_v a_o bat_n of_o basil_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n 5_o finferlin_n make_v a_o bat_n and_o 5_o finfer_v 2_o bat_n but_o my_o work_n be_v endless_a to_o run_v through_o the_o particular_a coin_n current_a and_o stamp_v in_o every_o particular_a place_n of_o this_o empire_n therefore_o this_o shall_v suffice_v for_o a_o taste_n of_o the_o variety_n and_o whosoever_o carry_v any_o merchandise_n into_o these_o country_n let_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o know_v the_o true_a worth_n of_o the_o money_n he_o receive_v for_o the_o same_o lest_o he_o prove_v in_o conclusion_n a_o loser_n by_o his_o traffic_n chap._n ccvii_o the_o weight_n of_o germany_n reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n london_n weight_n in_o general_a of_o germany_n reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n the_o next_o thing_n in_o order_n to_o be_v handle_v be_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o city_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o empire_n which_o i_o have_v in_o part_n touch_v already_o upon_o the_o principal_a town_n the_o rest_n or_o as_o many_o as_o have_v come_v in_o my_o collection_n i_o shall_v here_o insert_v the_o more_o ingenious_a and_o better_a skill_a may_v add_v the_o rest_n and_o first_o for_o the_o weight_n which_o here_o i_o have_v reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a of_o london_n the_o which_o be_v find_v to_o yield_v in_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr l._n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n do_v make_v in_o noremberg_n 88_o collen_n 89½_n constance_n 88_o ausburg_n 91_o spiers_n 88_o heidelberg_n 92_o lipsick_a 92_o friburg_n 92_o silesia_n 116_o vlm_n 92_o vienna_n 81_o statin_n 91_o erford_n 81_o ipsburg_n 81_o salsburg_n gross_a 79_o ditto_n small_a 108_o lubeck_n 92_o botsen_n 133_o costut_n 92_o mizzen_n of_o 16_o ounce_n l._n 96_o of_o 12_o ounce_n the_o l._n 142_o of_o merchant_n weight_n 92_o munchen_n 91_o wessel_n 91_o saxony_n in_o general_n 96_o norlingen_n 91_o frankfort_n 92_o breslow_n 116_o canoli_fw-la 83_o domstreder_n 92_o regenberg_n 83_o loosen_v 141_o offen_n 92_o basil_n 92_o pastow_n 83_o hamburg_n 92_o copenhagen_n 92_o basil_n 92_o zurick_n 94_o walloon_n country_n 104_o chap._n ccviii_o of_o measure_n of_o germany_n reduce_v to_o the_o measure_n of_o london_n germany_n measure_n of_o germany_n have_v do_v with_o their_o weight_n in_o general_a i_o will_v do_v the_o same_o for_o their_o long_a measure_n in_o general_a which_o i_o will_v reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n and_o note_n that_o the_o same_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v produce_v in_o these_o city_n of_o germany_n embden_n 163_o ell_n lubeck_n 160_o ell_n munster_n 80_o ell_n collen_n 160_o ell_n erford_n 218_o ell_n frankfort_n 169_o ell_n cloth_n jenferr_v 80_o stable_n noremberg_n 160_o ell_n for_o silk_n 138_o ell_n vienna_n for_o linen_n 103_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 113_o ell_n prague_n 148_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 160_o ell_n vlm_n 160_o ell_n ditto_n for_o woollen_a 128_o ell_n lipsick_a 160_o ell_n cloth_n ossenbrigâ—…_n 84_o ell_n breme_n 163_o ell_n hamburg_n 163_o ell_n basil_n 167_o ell_n bautson_n 148_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 160_o ell_n halle_n 178_o ell_n mizzen_n 160_o ell_n cloth_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 138_o ell_n offnes_n long_a measure_n 159_o ell_n ditto_n short_a measure_n 173_o ell_n zearech_v 155_o ell_n statin_n 141_o ell_n ocermond_n 141_o ell_n wismar_n 157_o ell_n gripswald_n 163_o ell_n the_o rest_n i_o willing_o omit_v for_o brevity_n sake_n and_o refer_v these_o to_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o better_o experience_v chap._n ccix_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o germany_n germany_n the_o general_a trade_n of_o germany_n the_o particular_a trade_n of_o several_a city_n be_v thus_o observe_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o look_v into_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o germany_n and_o therewith_o also_o the_o navigation_n of_o this_o nation_n by_o which_o we_o find_v that_o in_o all_o country_n almost_o the_o same_o be_v principal_o maintain_v the_o city_n then_o find_v on_o the_o sea-coast_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o germany_n have_v very_o great_a ship_n yet_o more_o fit_n for_o great_a stowage_n and_o burden_n than_o either_o for_o sail_n or_o defence_n and_o therefore_o oftentimes_o to_o this_o end_n freight_v by_o the_o netherlander_n neither_o can_v i_o attribute_v much_o commendation_n to_o the_o german_a mariner_n for_o those_o sea_n in_o good_a part_n and_o the_o baltic_a sea_n altogether_o be_v find_v free_a of_o pirate_n and_o piracy_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n why_o their_o ship_n be_v find_v in_o the_o general_a to_o be_v so_o ill_o arm_v either_o defensive_a or_o offensive_a and_o in_o one_o thing_n they_o concur_v with_o the_o dutch_a to_o the_o shame_n of_o the_o christian_n profession_n that_o their_o be_v never_o find_v any_o prayer_n use_v aboard_o their_o ship_n neither_o morning_n or_o evening_n contrary_a to_o the_o laudable_a custom_n and_o godly_a exercise_n of_o our_o english_a mariner_n who_o constant_o use_v prayer_n and_o psalm_n at_o least_o four_o time_n in_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n which_o be_v at_o the_o set_n of_o the_o four_o quarterly_a watch_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n these_o maritime_a city_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n either_o hans-town_n or_o free_a city_n because_o they_o enjoy_v of_o old_a in_o all_o neighbour_n kingdom_n great_a privelege_n of_o buy_v any_o commodity_n as_o well_o of_o stranger_n as_o citizen_n and_o of_o sell_v their_o own_o to_o either_o at_o pleasure_n and_o to_o bring_v in_o or_o carry_v out_o all_o commodity_n by_o their_o own_o ship_n with_o like_a immunity_n equal_a to_o citizen_n in_o all_o the_o say_a dominion_n and_o no_o less_o prejudicial_a to_o other_o than_o advantageous_a to_o themselves_o and_o in_o london_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o dwell_v together_o in_o the_o house_n call_v the_o still_a yard_n and_o there_o enjoy_v these_o and_o many_o other_o privilege_n which_o now_o for_o many_o year_n have_v lie_v dead_a partly_o by_o reason_n the_o english_a find_v not_o these_o or_o the_o like_a privilege_n in_o these_o free_a hans-town_n and_o partly_o by_o reason_n they_o have_v find_v it_o more_o commodious_a to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o own_o ship_n as_o in_o these_o day_n it_o be_v find_v they_o do_v notwithstanding_o all_o this_o yet_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o german_n in_o general_n apply_v themselves_o very_o industrious_o to_o all_o traffic_n by_o land_n but_o the_o free_a city_n on_o the_o sea_n coast_n do_v but_o cold_o exercise_v it_o by_o sea_n beer_n be_v find_v to_o be_v spend_v and_o export_v among_o themselves_o in_o a_o incredible_a measure_n and_o quantity_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a gain_n and_o therefore_o note_v for_o one_o of_o the_o prime_a commodity_n of_o this_o empire_n bring_v profit_n not_o only_o to_o private_a man_n but_o also_o to_o prince_n and_o to_o free_a state_n there_o be_v no_o merchandise_n in_o the_o world_n that_o more_o easy_o find_v a_o buyer_n in_o germany_n than_o this_o for_o other_o commodity_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o germany_n send_v into_o italy_n linens_n corn_n and_o wax_n it_o send_v into_o england_n board_n iron_n diaper_n rhenish_a wine_n and_o noremberg_n ware_n which_o can_v hardly_o be_v call_v commodity_n into_o spain_n they_o send_v linen_n wax_n brass_n copper_n cordage_n masâ—s_n gunpowder_n and_o this_o be_v their_o principal_a exportation_n now_o for_o their_o importation_n italy_n return_v they_o silk_n of_o all_o kind_n england_n lead_v tin_n and_o woollen_a clothes_n and_o spain_n return_v they_o spanish_a wine_n fruit_n oil_n salt_n some_o wool_n and_o other_o commodity_n i_o former_o note_v that_o the_o english_a have_v their_o staple_n at_o embden_n the_o count_n whereof_o use_v they_o well_o and_o courteous_o but_o war_n grow_v between_o england_n and_o spain_n the_o place_n grow_v dangerous_a for_o they_o for_o their_o good_n be_v take_v and_o themselves_o make_v prisoner_n even_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o harbour_n whereupon_o they_o remove_v to_o hamburg_n where_o be_v oppress_v with_o new_a imposition_n and_o be_v deny_v the_o exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n they_o remove_v also_o thence_o and_o settle_v their_o staple_n at_o stoad_n then_o also_o our_o english_a have_v their_o staple_n at_o dantzick_n in_o prusen_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n but_o when_o the_o
dantzicker_n under_o pretence_n of_o the_o suevian_a war_n exact_v of_o they_o a_o dollar_n for_o each_o woollen-cloth_n and_o as_o much_o proportionable_o upon_o all_o other_o commodity_n and_o afterward_o though_o the_o war_n be_v end_v yet_o will_v remit_v nothing_o of_o the_o same_o and_o withal_o forbid_v the_o english_a by_o a_o law_n decree_v to_o live_v in_o poland_n the_o commodity_n whereof_o be_v only_o sell_v there_o lest_o they_o shall_v learn_v the_o language_n and_o find_v out_o the_o mystery_n of_o that_o trade_n and_o country_n and_o last_o when_o as_o they_o exact_v as_o much_o weekly_a of_o a_o englishman_n dwell_v in_o their_o city_n as_o they_o do_v of_o a_o jew_n dwell_v there_o among_o they_o the_o english_a thereupon_o make_v agreement_n with_o the_o senate_n of_o melvin_n for_o a_o 11_o year_n to_o pay_v they_o six_o gross_a for_o each_o cloth_n bring_v in_o and_z according_o for_o all_o other_o good_n and_o to_o pay_v as_o much_o more_o in_o the_o city_n of_o kettle_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n for_o his_o give_v they_o free_a passage_n to_o melvin_n and_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o settle_v their_o staple_n in_o melvin_n whereupon_o the_o dantzicker_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o citizen_n of_o melvin_n and_o the_o hamburger_n no_o less_o with_o those_o of_o stoad_n procure_v all_o the_o free_a city_n by_o a_o public_a writing_n to_o out_o law_n not_o only_a melvin_n and_o stoad_n for_o receive_v the_o english_a to_o the_o common_a prejudice_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o also_o ceningsberg_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n and_o the_o free_a city_n of_o lubeck_n for_o favour_v the_o english_a in_o this_o their_o course_n and_o for_o permit_v they_o be_v stranger_n to_o sell_v their_o good_n to_o any_o other_o than_o the_o citizen_n of_o each_o several_a city_n but_o how_o these_o difference_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v reconcile_v and_o their_o staple_n remove_v thence_o i_o have_v show_v in_o other_o place_n prusen_n trade_n of_o prusen_n and_o be_v now_o enter_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o prusen_n a_o german_a province_n but_o of_o late_a year_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o enlarge_v myself_o upon_o some_o particular_n thereof_o the_o english_a then_o be_v find_v to_o bring_v thither_o great_a quantity_n of_o tin_n lead_v and_o woollen_a clothes_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o to_o bring_v thence_o hard_a and_o liquid_a pitch_n hemp_n flax_n cable_n mast_n for_o ship_n board_n and_o timber_n for_o build_v linen_n cloth_n wax_n mineral_n salt_n which_o in_o poland_n they_o dig_v out_o of_o pit_n like_o great_a stone_n and_o the_o same_o be_v put_v to_o the_o fire_n be_v make_v pure_a and_o be_v black_a his_o colour_n be_v more_o durable_a and_o less_o subject_a to_o give_v again_o than_o our_o boil_a salt_n also_o they_o bring_v thence_o pine_n ash_n for_o make_v of_o soap_n common_o know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o soap-ash_n and_o corn_n in_o great_a quantity_n yet_o the_o english_a be_v find_v seldom_o to_o have_v need_n of_o their_o corn_n for_o the_o use_n of_o england_n which_o many_o time_n of_o their_o own_o they_o transport_v to_o other_o nation_n but_o they_o buy_v it_o as_o the_o free_a city_n do_v to_o transport_v it_o to_o other_o country_n which_o the_o low_a countryman_n do_v also_o buy_v as_o well_o for_o themselves_o as_o to_o serve_v spain_n and_o other_o country_n therewith_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n thereof_o be_v hence_o disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n amber_n amber_n amber_n be_v also_o bring_v from_o thence_o but_o not_o gather_v neither_o at_o melvin_n nor_o dantzick_n as_o some_o imagine_v but_o on_o the_o seaside_n of_o koningsperg_n where_o as_o i_o say_v the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n hold_v his_o court_n and_o so_o all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o curland_n where_o howsoever_o it_o lie_v in_o great_a quantity_n on_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v as_o safe_a as_o if_o it_o be_v lock_v up_o in_o warehouse_n since_o it_o be_v death_n for_o any_o to_o take_v up_o the_o least_o piece_n thereof_o and_o be_v only_o by_o the_o law_n account_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a commodity_n of_o the_o duke_n to_o who_o the_o same_o appertain_v and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v think_v requisite_a to_o handle_v concern_v the_o trade_n of_o germany_n in_o general_a or_o of_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o heâ—…-tomns_a in_o particular_a i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o kingdom_n which_o in_o order_n be_v denmark_n and_o to_o the_o principal_a city_n and_o particular_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n ccx_o of_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o denmark_n have_v on_o the_o east_n mare_n balticum_n on_o the_o west_n the_o german_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n sweden_n on_o the_o south_n germany_n this_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n fish_n tallow_n hides_n and_o have_v abundance_n of_o ox_n 50000_o be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v hence_o yearly_a to_o germany_n also_o buck-skin_n armour_n of_o all_o soâ—…s_n furniture_n for_o ship_v board_n such_o as_o wainscot_n fir-wood_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n now_o contain_v cimbrick_n chersonese_n the_o island_n of_o the_o baltic_a and_o part_n of_o sâ—…dia_n and_o first_o this_o chersonese_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o province_n alsatia_n alsatia_n alsatia_n be_v the_o first_o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n niemunster_n and_o bramsted_n and_o be_v the_o title_n of_o the_o second_o son_n of_o denmark_n dithmars_n dithmars_n dithmars_n be_v the_o second_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o marn_n and_o meldâ—…_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o last_o be_v esteem_v so_o wealthy_a that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o cover_v their_o house_n which_o copper_n slesia_n slesia_n slesia_n be_v the_o three_o wherein_o be_v of_o note_n sleswick_n 2_o gottorp_n and_o 3_o londen_n a_o haven_n town_n jutland_n jutland_n jutland_n be_v the_o four_o the_o town_n of_o note_n be_v rincopen_n 2_o nicopen_fw-mi 3_o holn_n and_o 4_o arhausen_n island_n baltic_a island_n the_o baltic_a island_n be_v 35_o in_o number_n but_o of_o they_o 4_o be_v sound_n to_o be_v of_o principal_a note_n 1_o sâ—land_n 2_o fionia_n 3_o bornholm_n and_o 4_o fimeria_n of_o which_o a_o word_n seeland_n seeland_n in_o seeland_n be_v find_v thirteen_o city_n copenhagen_n copenhagen_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v haffen_n the_o king_n seat_n and_o the_o only_a university_n in_o denmark_n know_v to_o other_o nation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o copenhagen_n that_o be_v mercaâ—…rum_n portus_n or_o the_o merchant_n haven_n elsinour_n elsinour_n second_o elsinour_n stand_v on_o the_o seaside_n in_o which_o town_n the_o merchant_n that_o have_v pass_v or_o be_v to_o pass_v the_o sound_n do_v pay_v their_o custom_n to_o the_o king_n and_o three_o rochilt_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o danish_a king_n between_o this_o island_n and_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o scandivonia_n be_v the_o passage_n call_v the_o sound_n towards_o muscovia_n which_o do_v former_o yield_v unto_o this_o king_n a_o great_a yearly_a profit_n but_o now_o much_o decay_v since_o the_o english_a find_v out_o the_o northern_a passage_n into_o russia_n this_o sound_n be_v in_o breadth_n 3_o mile_n and_o command_v oâ—_n scandia_n side_n by_o the_o castle_n of_o helsenburgh_n and_o on_o this_o island_n by_o that_o of_o cronburg_n both_o castle_n of_o good_a defence_n fionia_n fionia_n in_o fionia_n be_v find_v eight_o town_n the_o principal_a whereof_o osel_n scomberg_n and_o other_o bornholm_n bornholm_n in_o bornholmia_n be_v a_o principal_a city_n bornholm_n fimeria_n fimeria_n in_o fimeria_n be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o peterborn_n and_o be_v the_o island_n in_o which_o that_o famous_a mathematician_n tycho_n brabe_n build_v a_o artificial_a tower_n wherein_o he_o study_v the_o mathematics_n and_o wherein_o be_v still_o reserve_v many_o of_o his_o rare_a mathematical_a instrument_n scandia_n scandia_n scandia_n be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n lie_v part_n of_o it_o on_o this_o side_n and_o part_n beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n so_o that_o the_o long_a day_n in_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n be_v about_o three_o month_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n swetland_n and_o part_n of_o denmark_n the_o part_n of_o it_o belong_v to_o denmark_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o province_n 1_o halandia_n 2_o schona_n and_o blesida_n halandia_n halandia_n in_o halandia_n be_v halaneso_n scania_n scania_n in_o scania_n be_v the_o city_n of_o londis_fw-la a_o fair_a haven_n falsgerbode_v and_o the_o castle_n of_o elsimbourg_n one_o of_o the_o key_n of_o the_o sound_v before_o mention_v and_o the_o sea_n be_v here_o say_v sometime_o so_o to_o abound_v with_o herring_n that_o ship_n be_v scarce_o
able_a with_o wind_n and_o oar_n to_o break_v through_o they_o and_o the_o country_n be_v the_o pleasant_a of_o all_o denmark_n blesida_n blesida_n in_o blesida_n be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o malmogia_n and_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o colmar_n against_o the_o sweedlandeâ—_n the_o principal_a trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v contain_v in_o copenhagen_n and_o elsinour_n therefore_o under_o the_o title_n of_o these_o two_o i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o traffic_n of_o this_o kingdom_n chap._n ccxi_o of_o copenhagen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o copenhagen_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o copenhagen_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n in_o winter_n and_o may_v be_v interpret_v the_o merchant_n haven_n on_o the_o east-side_n be_v the_o king_n palace_n or_o castle_n which_o border_v on_o the_o sea_n shore_n where_o the_o haven_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o sea_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o north_n side_n thereof_o the_o city_n be_v of_o a_o round_a form_n afford_v little_a beauty_n as_o be_v but_o mean_o build_v of_o wood_n and_o clay_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o stone_n here_o be_v find_v some_o merchant_n yet_o for_o the_o mostipart_n of_o no_o great_a eminence_n for_o the_o country_n afford_v no_o rich_a commodity_n that_o may_v allure_v other_o thither_o or_o serve_v to_o be_v transport_v to_o other_o region_n whereby_o a_o gain_n may_v be_v expect_v copenhagen_n the_o coin_n of_o copenhagen_n the_o money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n common_o current_n be_v the_o dollar_n and_o shilling_n two_o danish_n shilling_n make_v one_o lubeck_n shilling_n and_o 66_o danish_a shilling_n account_v for_o a_o rix_n dollar_n which_o be_v five_o shilling_n sterling_a denmark_n account_n in_o denmark_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v by_o mark_n of_o 16_o shilling_n danish_n their_o exchange_n be_v here_o practise_v by_o the_o rix_n dollar_n above_o mention_v the_o common_a current_a coin_n of_o these_o country_n etc._n measure_n and_o weight_n etc._n etc._n their_o measure_n and_o weight_n i_o will_v brief_o observe_v by_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o hasten_v to_o elsinour_n chap._n ccxii_o of_o elsinour_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o elsinour_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o elsinour_n of_o itself_o be_v but_o a_o poor_a village_n but_o much_o frequent_v by_o seaman_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o neighbourhood_n to_o that_o straight_a sea_n call_v the_o sound_n where_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v lay_v so_o great_a imposition_n upon_o all_o ship_n and_o good_n come_v out_o or_o go_v into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n as_o this_o sole_a profit_n surpass_v far_o all_o the_o revenue_n of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o strong_a castle_n of_o cronburg_n lie_v in_o this_o village_n upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o this_o straight_a to_o which_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o this_o narrow_a sea_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n another_o castle_n be_v opposite_a call_v elsburg_n which_o two_o be_v the_o keeper_n of_o this_o straight_a that_o no_o ship_n can_v pass_v in_o or_o come_v out_o of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n without_o their_o leave_n and_o consequent_o without_o due_a payment_n of_o this_o imposition_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o cronburg_n castle_n be_v the_o large_a road_n for_o ship_n towards_o the_o baltic_a sea_n where_o the_o king_n be_v say_v to_o have_v his_o lodging_n which_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v a_o delectable_a prospect_n to_o all_o man_n but_o especial_o to_o he_o for_o ship_n go_v in_o and_o out_o here_o by_o fleet_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o he_o be_v certain_a that_o none_o do_v pass_v either_o way_n but_o according_a to_o their_o burden_n and_o load_n add_v somewhat_o to_o his_o treasury_n the_o haven_n be_v able_a to_o contain_v a_o great_a fleet_n for_o it_o have_v cronburg_n castle_n on_o the_o north_n side_n the_o castle_n of_o elsburg_n on_o the_o east_n side_n and_o seeland_n the_o chief_a island_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o the_o west_n side_n and_o the_o island_n fimeria_n or_o whern_n on_o the_o south_n side_n in_o which_o i_o note_v before_o that_o tycho_n brahe_n the_o famous_a mathematician_n have_v his_o residence_n the_o dane_n conceive_v this_o island_n to_o be_v of_o such_o importance_n as_o they_o have_v a_o fable_n that_o henry_n the_o seven_o of_o england_n offer_v for_o the_o possession_n of_o it_o as_o much_o scarlet_a cloth_n as_o will_v cover_v the_o same_o with_o a_o rose_n noble_a at_o the_o corner_n of_o each_o cloth_n if_o any_o such_o offer_n be_v make_v doubtless_o the_o wildom_o and_o judgement_n of_o that_o prince_n know_v how_o to_o make_v that_o island_n be_v fortify_v peradventure_o to_o return_v he_o his_o charge_n again_o with_o good_a interest_n but_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a by_o reason_n that_o it_o can_v benefit_v a_o foreign_a prince_n whole_a territory_n h_v out_o of_o the_o sound_n by_o which_o he_o must_v needs_o enter_v those_o before_o mention_v castle_n command_v the_o entrance_n though_o it_o may_v prove_v more_o beneficial_a to_o some_o prince_n border_v upon_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o to_o who_o the_o sea_n be_v open_a for_o passage_n chap._n ccxiii_o weight_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n reduce_v to_o that_o of_o london_n denmark_n weight_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n now_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o kingdom_n they_o be_v find_v to_o differ_v in_o many_o place_n so_o many_o as_o have_v come_v to_o my_o hand_n i_o have_v reduce_v to_o the_o subtle_a hundred_o of_o london_n which_o subtle_a hundred_o be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o these_o city_n of_o traffic_n and_o some_o other_o adjoin_v  _fw-fr l._n aldar_n 87_o copping_n ham_n 92_o cracou_n 119_o dantzick_n 116_o hamburg_n 92_o wild_a 116_o elsinour_n 92_o lubeck_n 92_o melvin_n 120_o revel_v 116_o rhiga_n 116_o stacar_n 108_o stralsont_v 88_o bergen_n norway_n 92_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o general_o in_o copenhagen_n and_o in_o most_o part_n of_o denmark_n they_o hare_n a_o great_a and_o small_a hundred_o one_o of_o 112_o pound_n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o another_o of_o 120_o pound_n to_o the_o hundred_o account_v twelve_o stone_n of_o ten_o pound_n to_o the_o stone_n also_o they_o have_v a_o skip-pound_n 32_o stone_n of_o ten_o pound_n the_o stone_n or_o 20_o lispound_n of_o 16_o mark_v pound_n be_v a_o skip-pound_n and_o 20_o time_n 16_o pound_n be_v 320_o pound_n chap._n ccxiu_o measure_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n reduce_v to_o london_n denmark_n measure_n in_o general_a of_o denmark_n as_o i_o have_v do_v with_o their_o weight_n so_o i_o will_v proceed_v with_o their_o measure_n reduce_v then_o to_o the_o hundred_o yard_n english_a and_o make_v in_o  _fw-fr ells._n arsnis_fw-la 166â…”_n breme_n 162½_n breslow_n for_o cloth_n 148_o ditto_n for_o silk_n 160_o connixborough_n 166_o lubeck_n 160_o munster_n 80_o ockermond_n 141½_n revel_v 166_o rhostick_a 158â…“_n wismar_n 157¾_n dantzick_n 162½_n doinin_n 163_o embden_n 163_o gripswould_n 163_o hamburg_n 163_o melvin_n 162_o narva_n 166_o ossenbrigh_n 84_o rhiga_fw-la 166_o statin_a 141½_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v for_o the_o measure_n of_o this_o country_n whereto_o i_o have_v add_v the_o measure_n of_o some_o other_o the_o adjoin_a eminent_a city_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n chap._n ccxv_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o denmark_n denmark_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o denmark_n to_o conclude_v the_o trade_n of_o denmark_n drive_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o great_a their_o country_n partly_o not_o afford_v commodity_n for_o merchandise_n and_o their_o sea_n i_o mean_v principal_o the_o baltic_a not_o be_v for_o many_o month_n in_o the_o year_n navigable_a for_o frost_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v frugal_a in_o food_n and_o apparel_n and_o therefore_o not_o much_o addict_v either_o to_o silk_n or_o spice_n and_o the_o great_a traffic_n and_o concourse_n of_o other_o nation_n through_o the_o sound_n that_o furnish_v they_o with_o all_o necessary_n make_v the_o inhabitant_n less_o desirous_a to_o sail_v abroad_o to_o fetch_v the_o same_o at_o the_o first_o hand_n stockfish_n and_o other_o salt_v fish_n they_o send_v into_o foreign_a country_n and_o so_o also_o they_o do_v their_o ox_n and_o cattle_n in_o great_a quantity_n beside_o the_o commodity_n which_o the_o country_n do_v natural_o afford_v mention_v in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o country_n description_n neither_o have_v i_o hear_v any_o great_a fame_n of_o their_o navigation_n or_o mariner_n which_o principal_o sail_v northward_o and_o little_a to_o the_o southward_n though_o otherwise_o it_o be_v conceive_v that_o next_o to_o the_o english_a their_o vessel_n be_v the_o strong_a build_v to_o endure_v the_o blast_n of_o the_o cold_a climate_n and_o the_o scorching_n of_o the_o warm_a region_n yet_o of_o late_a day_n i_o have_v understand_v they_o have_v undertake_v some_o new_a discovery_n and_o trade_n to_o the_o east-indies_n
which_o they_o have_v since_o full_o perform_v to_o the_o great_a encouragement_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v follow_v they_o chap._n ccxvi_o of_o norway_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o norway_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o norway_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o lappia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o dofrine_n mountain_n on_o the_o other_o part_n with_o the_o sea_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n be_v stockfish_n rich_a fur_n train_n oil_n and_o tackle_n for_o ship_n as_o mast_n cable_n deal-board_n fir_n and_o the_o like_a town_n be_v here_o thin_a and_o the_o house_n therein_o poor_a and_o miserable_a nidrosia_n nidrosia_n the_o chief_a of_o those_o that_o be_v be_v nidrosia_n the_o archbishop_n seat_n of_o norway_n iceland_n and_o groenland_n europe_n bergen_n one_o of_o the_o 4_o ancient_a mart_n of_o europe_n the_o second_o be_v bergen_n one_o of_o the_o four_o ancient_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n the_o other_o three_o be_v london_n in_o england_n novograde_a in_o moscovia_n and_o bruges_n in_o flanders_n and_o all_o these_o but_o london_n be_v decay_v for_o this_o bergen_n have_v yield_v to_o wardhouse_n novograde_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o navigation_n through_o the_o baltic_a into_o the_o northern_a passage_n have_v give_v way_n to_o st._n nicholas_n and_o bruges_n be_v deprive_v of_o her_o traffic_n by_o antwerp_n it_o be_v now_o also_o remove_v to_o amsterdam_n for_o the_o hollander_n by_o block_v up_o the_o haven_n but_o especial_o by_o keep_v of_o bergen_n up_o some_o have_v such_o a_o command_n over_o the_o river_n that_o no_o vessel_n can_v pass_v or_o repass_v without_o their_o licence_n finmarch_n finmarch_n but_o to_o proceed_v finmarch_v also_o appertain_v to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o both_o to_o the_o dane_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v saman_n second_o hielso_n both_o sea-town_n woodhouse_n woodhouse_n but_o the_o principal_n be_v wardhouse_n seat_v in_o the_o very_a northern_a end_n of_o all_o the_o country_n be_v a_o town_n of_o little_a trade_n but_o great_a concourso_n of_o ship_n that_o this_o way_n be_v bind_v for_o moscovia_n which_o must_v needs_o touch_v here_o and_o it_o be_v so_o call_v as_o seat_v in_o a_o little_a island_n call_v ward_n bergen_n weight_n of_o bergen_n in_o bergen_n in_o norway_n the_o common_a weight_n be_v a_o pound_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v here_o 92_o l._n but_o weigh_v with_o a_o sling_n as_o they_o do_v be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o uncertain_a the_o measure_n be_v the_o particular_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n here_o necessary_o to_o be_v handle_v i_o be_o enforce_v to_o omit_v by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n therefore_o entreat_v the_o better_a experience_a to_o supply_v my_o defect_n therein_o chap._n ccxvii_o of_o swethland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o swethland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o swethland_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o moscovia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o dosrine_n hill_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o baltic_a sea_n sweden_n commodity_n of_o sweden_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v lead_v copper_n and_o silver_n draw_v out_o of_o their_o mine_n and_o it_o abound_v also_o with_o hide_n of_o buck_n goat_n and_o ox_n tallow_n tar_n malt_n barley_n rich_a fur_n and_o the_o like_a it_o contain_v five_o province_n lappia_n bodia_n finland_n gothland_n and_o sweden_n of_o all_o which_o a_o word_n lappia_n lappia_n in_o lappia_n i_o find_v not_o any_o city_n of_o note_n be_v cold_a and_o comfortless_a bodia_fw-la bodia_fw-la in_o bodia_n be_v the_o town_n of_o vireis_n and_o helsinga_n finland_n finland_n in_o finland_n be_v many_o strong_a town_n populous_a and_o rich_a albo_n and_o narve_n both_o of_o great_a strength_n also_o those_o two_o strong_a city_n of_o veburg_n and_o ruiallia_n which_o cost_v the_o swebes_n 100000_o crown_n yearly_o the_o keep_n by_o nature_n defend_v his_o own_o and_o offend_v his_o enemy_n territory_n gothland_n gothland_n in_o gothland_n stand_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n stockholm_n seat_v in_o the_o water_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o venice_n and_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o swedish_n king_n next_o lodusia_n a_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n then_o waldburg_n and_o colmar_n two_o impregnable_a city_n sweden_n sweden_n in_o sweden_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o upsal_n a_o bishopric_n nicopea_n a_o sea-town_n of_o good_a strength_n and_o copperdole_v most_o famous_a for_o its_o abundance_n of_o brass_n which_o be_v here_o in_o such_o plenty_n that_o there_o be_v find_v 400_o brass_n piece_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o stockholm_n under_o which_o i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o trade_n of_o sweden_n chap._n ccxviii_o of_o stockholm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o stockholm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o because_o i_o intend_v upon_o the_o general_a trade_n of_o estland_n to_o handle_v some_o particular_a city_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n therefore_o i_o shall_v be_v the_o brief_a upon_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n of_o stockholm_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n stockholm_n then_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o this_o king_n who_o arm_n of_o late_o be_v so_o prevalent_a in_o germany_n be_v account_v famous_a in_o these_o northern_a region_n for_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o traffic_n here_o daily_o practify_v seat_v in_o watery_a marsh_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o venice_n and_o suppose_v to_o be_v build_v upon_o pile_n and_o therefore_o bear_v in_o their_o language_n some_o construction_n thereof_o which_o not_o improper_o may_v bear_v in_o our_o ancient_a english_a the_o same_o sense_n it_o be_v situate_a in_o part_n upon_o the_o lake_n of_o meller_n and_o in_o part_n upon_o the_o east-sea_n out_o of_o which_o the_o great_a trade_n of_o ship_n to_o this_o place_n do_v come_v and_o enter_v by_o a_o deep_a and_o narrow_a channel_n spacious_a and_o commodious_a for_o ship_n of_o the_o great_a burden_n but_o the_o fort_n of_o waxholm_n on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o fort_n of_o digne_fw-fr so_o fit_o seat_v opposite_a to_o the_o same_o in_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o gut_n and_o straight_a command_v the_o whole_a channel_n and_o guard_v the_o lake_n and_o city_n and_o no_o vessel_n be_v suffer_v either_o to_o go_v in_o or_o out_o but_o here_o have_v their_o congé_fw-fr and_o admission_n it_o be_v beside_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a castle_n wherein_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defence_n thereof_o 400_o piece_n of_o brass_n artillery_n and_o for_o the_o beauty_n thereof_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o many_o goodly_a private_a and_o public_a building_n the_o king_n palace_n be_v more_o renown_v for_o its_o antiquity_n than_o the_o stately_a structure_n thereof_o stockholm_n commodity_n of_o stockholm_n the_o commodity_n for_o transportation_n find_v in_o this_o city_n be_v principal_o iron_n steel_n copper_n wire_n all_o sort_n of_o grain_n lead_v and_o other_o mineral_n also_o honey_n wax_n tallow_n hide_v bring_v from_o moscow_n and_o the_o like_a which_o be_v hence_o disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o these_o northern_a climate_n swethland_n coin_n current_a in_o swethland_n the_o money_n general_o current_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n be_v the_o dollar_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o mark_n and_o 8_o mark_n make_v a_o dollar_n and_o this_o mark_n be_v divide_v into_o clipping_n so_o that_o two_o clippings_fw-mi make_v a_o mark_n and_o a_o clip_v be_v account_v for_o 9½_n stivers_n flemish_n and_o by_o this_o dollar_n they_o exchange_v with_o other_o neighbour_a country_n and_o it_o be_v value_v in_o sterling_a money_n at_o stockholm_n weight_n of_o stockholm_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n here_o be_v the_o pound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n have_v produce_v here_o 116_o l._n they_o have_v here_o also_o two_o ship-pound_n one_o proper_a to_o this_o place_n which_o be_v 320_o l._n of_o this_o weight_n and_o the_o other_o be_v 340_o l._n the_o proper_a ship-pound_n of_o dantzick_n be_v 34_o stone_n as_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o dantzick_n appear_v and_o this_o quintar_n or_o pound_n be_v find_v to_o agree_v with_o narva_n riga_n revel_v danizeck_n and_o some_o town_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n stockholm_n measure_n of_o stockholm_n the_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n here_o use_v be_v the_o ell_n and_o be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o sweden_n except_o some_o principal_a town_n of_o this_o tract_n hereafter_o note_v and_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n do_v produce_v 1â—â—½_n ell_n but_o note_n that_o in_o barrow_n in_o sweden_n this_o ell_n be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o uncertain_a for_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n head_n be_v measure_v about_o with_o a_o rope_n and_o this_o they_o account_v for_o a_o ell_n so_o that_o here_o a_o great_a head_n
may_v be_v some_o benefit_n to_o a_o merchant_n for_o by_o this_o rule_n the_o great_a loggerhead_n shall_v have_v consequent_o the_o large_a measure_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v a_o loop_n 23_o loop_n make_v a_o last_o in_o amsterdam_n or_o 10_o quarter_n in_o london_n chap._n ccxix_o of_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o moscovia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o tartary_n on_o the_o west_n with_o livonia_n lituania_n and_o part_n of_o sweden_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o turk_n and_o palus_n mâ—…otis_n moscovia_n commodity_n of_o moscovia_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n fur_n of_o many_o sort_n flax_n hemp_n whales-grease_n honey_n wax_n canvas_n rope_n cable_n caviar_n astrican_a hide_n tallow_n raw-hides_a and_o bulgars_a moscovia_n famous_a river_n of_o moscovia_n the_o many_o river_n that_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o this_o country_n do_v much_o further_a trade_n in_o general_a fâ—st_n tanais_n which_o disburthen_v itself_o into_o palus_n moeotis_n second_o dunia_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o scythian_a sea_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n where_o our_o english_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o northern_a passage_n use_v to_o land_n and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o all_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n three_o boristhenes_n that_o enter_v into_o pontus_n euxinus_n four_o onega_n which_o open_v itself_o into_o the_o balâ—…k_n sea_n and_o last_o volga_n which_o with_o no_o less_o than_o 70_o mouth_n disgorge_v itself_o into_o the_o caspian_a this_o empire_n be_v divide_v into_o nine_o principal_a province_n which_o together_o with_o the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o i_o shall_v only_o touch_v novograde_a novograde_a novogradia_n be_v first_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v novograde_a seat_v on_o the_o dunia_n and_o once_o one_o of_o the_o four_o ancient_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n now_o of_o late_a decay_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o new_a passage_n unto_o the_o town_n of_o st._n nicholas_n by_o the_o river_n obye._n plescovia_n plescovia_n plescovia_n be_v the_o second_o wherein_o be_v the_o city_n plescove_n the_o only_o wall_a city_n in_o moscovia_n and_o yet_o of_o no_o great_a eminence_n veladomira_n veladomira_n valadomira_n be_v the_o next_o have_v also_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n rhesen_n rhesen_n rhesen_fw-mi be_v the_o four_o wonderful_a plenty_n in_o corn_n that_o neither_o can_v bird_n fly_v nor_o horse_n run_v through_o it_o for_o thickness_n the_o chief_a town_n rhesen_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o russia_n it_o be_v the_o first_o part_n of_o moscovia_n abound_v in_o grain_n honey_n fish_n and_o fowl_n without_o number_n servia_n servia_n servia_n be_v the_o five_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v staradab_n and_o pativola_n permia_n permia_n permia_n be_v the_o six_o the_o chief_a city_n â—s_v sickwiardley_n abound_v in_o stag_n candora_n candora_n candora_n be_v the_o seven_o petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-mi be_v the_o eight_o in_o both_o these_o country_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v live_v under_o ground_n and_o have_v for_o half_a the_o year_n together_o perpetual_a day_n and_o the_o other_o half_a perpetual_a night_n as_o situate_v beyond_o the_o arctic_a moscovia_n moscovia_n moscovia_n be_v the_o nine_o moscow_n moscow_n and_o so_o name_v of_o the_o principal_a city_n moscow_n be_v about_o five_o mile_n round_o have_v therein_o 16_o church_n of_o which_o the_o one_o half_a be_v make_v of_o wood_n and_o dirt_n as_o most_o of_o the_o house_n be_v the_o emperor_n palace_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o be_v fortify_v with_o 3_o bulwark_n and_o 17_o turret_n continual_o guard_v with_o 25000_o soldier_n this_o be_v the_o most_o populous_a province_n of_o all_o this_o great_a empire_n for_o it_o extend_v 2000_o mile_n in_o length_n smalensko_n smalensko_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o petty_a province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o smalensko_n than_o toropier_n next_o colopigrod_n landiskron_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n which_o i_o willing_o omit_v till_o my_o observation_n be_v better_a the_o trade_n of_o the_o english_a be_v begin_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o england_n and_o basiliades_n king_n of_o this_o country_n about_o the_o year_n 1575._o and_o within_o 10_o year_n after_o it_o be_v perfect_o settle_v and_o because_o the_o trade_n of_o moscovia_n be_v confine_v to_o a_o small_a circuit_n in_o these_o vast_a dominion_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o comprehend_v the_o same_o under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n moscow_n chap._n ccxx_o of_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mosco_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o this_o large_a kingdom_n to_o which_o the_o emperor_n some_o year_n pass_v repair_v most_o fit_a for_o the_o government_n of_o so_o large_a a_o empire_n as_o account_v the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o dominion_n it_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n mosca_n run_v into_o tanais_n where_o it_o lose_v its_o name_n and_o pass_v assaw_n disgorge_v into_o the_o palus_n meotis_n and_o so_o into_o the_o euxinus_n about_o fifty_o year_n past_o it_o be_v esteem_v ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o in_o its_o height_n of_o greatness_n then_o burn_v by_o the_o tartar_n wherein_o 80000_o person_n be_v consume_v and_o since_o reduce_v to_o five_o mile_n compass_n beautify_v with_o 16_o church_n some_o of_o stone_n some_o of_o timber_n and_o earth_n and_o with_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n situate_a in_o the_o very_a heart_n thereof_o enrich_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o two_o river_n for_o use_n and_o ornament_n which_o water_n two_o strong_a fort_n that_o defend_v the_o place_n nicholas_n st._n nicholas_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n the_o patron_n of_o this_o country_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o dunia_n or_o obby_n the_o english_a merchant_n use_v to_o land_n and_o thence_o disperse_v themselves_o to_o smalensko_n novograde_a hither_o and_o into_o all_o other_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n among_o who_o they_o find_v kind_a entertainment_n and_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n have_v large_a immunity_n grant_v unto_o they_o than_o to_o any_o other_o nation_n their_o traffic_v attribute_v to_o the_o never_o die_a fame_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o who_o day_n the_o trade_n be_v here_o first_o settle_v and_o to_o the_o plausible_a behaviour_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n in_o general_n moscovia_n account_n in_o moscovia_n the_o merchant_n here_o be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o several_a manner_n some_o as_o the_o english_a by_o rubble_n and_o penny_n or_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n term_v they_o muskofkin_n 200_o whereof_o make_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v account_v two_o rix_n dollar_n some_o again_o as_o the_o dutch_a and_o other_o nation_n by_o rubble_n grevens_n and_o muskofkin_n or_o penny_n account_v 20_o penny_n to_o a_o greven_n and_o 10_o greven_n to_o a_o rubble_n which_o be_v most_o in_o use_n here_o this_o rubble_n be_v find_v a_o imaginary_a coin_n and_o not_o real_a moscovia_n coin_n current_a in_o moscovia_n the_o current_a money_n here_o be_v a_o capeck_n in_o value_n a_o stiver_n flemish_n and_o somewhat_o more_o than_o as_o english_a penny_n for_o 10_o capeck_n be_v a_o greven_n which_o the_o english_a call_v 12_o penny_n sterling_a because_o that_o 10_o grevens_n be_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v 10_o shilling_n sterling_a three_o capeck_n they_o call_v a_o altine_n by_o which_o name_n all_o receipt_n and_o payment_n be_v make_v in_o bargain_v and_o contract_n 33_o altius_fw-la and_o 1_o capeck_n make_v a_o rubble_n archangel_n exchange_n of_o archangel_n at_o archangel_n be_v sound_v practise_v among_o the_o merchant_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n rise_v and_o fall_v according_a as_o the_o russ_n money_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v plentiful_a or_o scarce_o the_o english_a sometime_o among_o themselves_o give_v 11_o shilling_n and_o 11_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a in_o england_n for_o the_o rubble_n here_o and_o the_o money_n common_o take_v there_o in_o august_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o london_n the_o last_o of_o december_n follow_v moscovia_n weight_n of_o moscovia_n the_o weight_n of_o moscovia_n common_a in_o use_n be_v the_o pood_n for_o fine_a good_n and_o the_o bercovet_n for_o gross_a good_n the_o one_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o pood_n be_v weigh_v silk_n bever-wooll_n yeft_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v account_v for_o 40_o l._n russ_n weight_n and_o 3_o pood_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v 112_o l._n english_a which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v make_v 37â…“_n l._n averdupois_n and_o all_o good_n there_o buy_v by_o the_o pood_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n loss_n in_o england_n by_o the_o bercovet_n be_v weigh_v
own_o ancient_a law_n and_o privilege_n which_o they_o enjoy_v from_o the_o knight_n their_o old_a master_n at_o the_o resignation_n of_o this_o country_n to_o that_o king_n rhiga_n commodity_n of_o rhiga_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n for_o merchandize_v and_o exportation_n be_v corn_n and_o grain_n of_o all_o sort_n hemp_n flax_n honey_n wax_n rosin_n tar_n horse_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o rich_a fur_n as_o martin_n ermine_n sable_n bevers_n and_o the_o like_a not_o want_v any_o necessary_a for_o nourishment_n save_o wine_n and_o oil_n which_o foreign_a nation_n do_v bring_v they_o rhiga_n weight_n of_o rhiga_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n be_v the_o pound_n 20_o pound_n whereof_o make_v a_o lispound_n and_o 20_o lispound_n make_v a_o ship-pound_n and_o 12_o ship_n pound_n be_v 4000_o pound_n be_v account_v a_o last_o of_o rye_n both_o here_o and_o at_o narva_n and_o the_o 100_o pound_n of_o london_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v here_o 116_o pound_n rhiga_n measure_n of_o rhiga_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o ell_n agree_v with_o the_o ell_n in_o use_n in_o kevel_n conixburg_n and_o narva_n 100_o yard_n london_n make_v 160½_n incirca_fw-la rhiga_n coin_n in_o rhiga_n the_o coin_n and_o account_n differ_v not_o much_o here_o in_o value_n from_o the_o other_o beforementioned_a yet_o find_v to_o differ_v in_o appellation_n for_o the_o rix-dollar_n and_o the_o mark-lups_a be_v here_o all_o one_o which_o make_v two_o swedens_fw-fr or_o common_a mark_n and_o one_o sweden_n be_v eight_o lups-shilling_n one_o lup_n be_v two_o shilling_n one_o shilling_n be_v twelve_o penny_n and_o one_o penny_n be_v two_o heller_n chap._n ccxxviii_o of_o revel_v and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o revel_v and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o revel_n be_v nothing_o inferior_a for_o trade_n to_o rhiga_n situate_v on_o the_o north_n of_o the_o balâ—…_n sea_n famous_v in_o these_o northern_a country_n for_o the_o safety_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n it_o be_v well_o store_v of_o merchant_n that_o frequent_v the_o place_n for_o the_o traffic_n of_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o nominate_v in_o the_o aforegoing_a chapter_n the_o inhabitant_n stand_v much_o upon_o theâ—_n ancient_a privilege_n grant_v they_o by_o their_o old_a master_n the_o teutonick_n knight_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n of_o swedeland_n for_o protector_n to_o who_o they_o yield_v obedience_n the_o keep_n of_o which_o cost_v he_o 100000_o crown_n yearly_a as_o natural_o defend_v his_o own_o and_o offend_v his_o neighbour_n territory_n this_o city_n in_o one_o thing_n have_v a_o large_a freedom_n than_o rhiga_n and_o be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o lubeck_n for_o coin_v of_o money_n which_o they_o do_v four_o square_a yet_o be_v bind_v to_o stamp_v the_o same_o of_o the_o same_o worth_a and_o value_n as_o the_o current_a coin_n of_o poland_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v further_o to_o insist_v thereupon_o revel_n weight_n of_o revel_n their_o common_a weight_n be_v a_o pound_n their_o ship-pound_n be_v 400_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n make_v here_o 116_o l._n revel_n exchange_n of_o revel_n there_o be_v find_v some_o exchange_n practise_v in_o these_o part_n by_o the_o mark_n swedens_fw-fr of_o 16_o s._n and_o by_o the_o mark-lups_a of_o 32_o s._n etc._n etc._n revel_n measure_n of_o revel_n their_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o conixburg_n and_o râ—…_n the_o 100_o yard_n london_n make_v by_o computation_n incirca_fw-la 166½_n ell_n here_o narva_n also_o seat_v 〈◊〉_d this_o tract_n agree_v in_o weight_n and_o measure_n with_o revel_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o inâ—…_n further_o thereupon_o chap._n ccxxix_o of_o stralsont_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o stralsont_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o stralsont_n lie_v also_o in_o this_o tract_n and_o be_v find_v seat_v on_o the_o baltic_a sea_n opposite_a to_o the_o island_n of_o raugi_n where_o the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n first_o land_v in_o his_o invasion_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o pomeran_n and_o in_o who_o cause_n it_o have_v endure_v long_a and_o straight_o siege_n but_o be_v well_o and_o strong_o fortify_v by_o suffer_v it_o overcome_v and_o 〈◊〉_d now_o account_v a_o famous_a mart_n in_o these_o northern_a part_n for_o grain_n pitch_n tar_n rosin_n honey_n wax_n hides_n tallow_n and_o the_o like_a here_o pass_v in_o merchandise_n the_o money_n of_o norâ—…_n denmark_n sweden_n and_o germany_n of_o all_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v and_o the_o duke_n have_v also_o a_o pecular_a coin_n which_o be_v stamp_v in_o equal_a value_n to_o the_o imperial_a dollar_n as_o above_o be_v say_v stralsont_n weight_n of_o stralsont_n the_o weight_n of_o stralsont_n be_v the_o pound_n 10_o whereof_o be_v account_v for_o a_o stone_n and_o 16_o for_o a_o lispound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o london_n have_v produce_v here_o about_o 88_o in_o 89_o pound_n stralsont_n measure_n of_o stralsont_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n and_o be_v find_v to_o agree_v with_o the_o ell_n of_o statin_n as_o be_v show_v hereafter_o julin_n julin_n i_o must_v not_o here_o omit_v a_o word_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o julin_n seat_v in_o the_o duchy_n and_o which_o once_o be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o this_o sea_n for_o here_o the_o vandâ—…_n saxon_n muscovite_n polonian_n swede_n english_a dane_n and_o german_n have_v their_o several_a quartes_n of_o residency_n for_o commerce_n and_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n be_v bring_v â—ither_o by_o these_o nation_n it_o be_v note_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v the_o last_o of_o all_o these_o northern_a people_n that_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n by_o reason_n that_o be_v in_o the_o height_n of_o their_o prosperity_n perceive_v the_o gospel_n of_o christ_n to_o thrive_v and_o increase_v in_o all_o their_o neighbour_a territory_n strict_o prohibit_v that_o no_o stranger_n whatsoever_o here_o resident_a shall_v embrace_v the_o same_o nor_o that_o any_o shall_v as_o much_o as_o mention_v any_o new_a religion_n unto_o they_o but_o in_o these_o latter_a day_n their_o great_a traffic_n be_v lose_v and_o they_o be_v become_v religious_a according_a to_o the_o superstition_n of_o that_o religion_n they_o use_v and_o since_o have_v suffer_v much_o by_o the_o vexation_n of_o the_o continual_a waâ—_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o appear_v now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n ruin_v where_o i_o leave_v it_o and_o pass_v thence_o to_o the_o next_o town_n of_o pomeran_n chap._n ccxxx_o of_o stetin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o stetin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o stetin_n be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o pomerania_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o other_o in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o delightsome_a soil_n and_o carry_v in_o these_o northern_a region_n that_o renown_n that_o from_o hence_o the_o duke_n of_o stetin_n in_o pomerland_n have_v their_o appellation_n the_o city_n abound_v in_o all_o commodity_n for_o merchandise_n that_o the_o neighbour_a country_n afford_v and_o of_o itself_o it_o yield_v to_o merehant_n the_o commodity_n common_a to_o prusen_v sweden_n and_o polonia_n for_o its_o defence_n it_o be_v strengthen_v on_o all_o side_n with_o rampart_n ditch_n and_o good_a artillery_n the_o river_n of_o other_o be_v beautify_v with_o many_o useful_a and_o necessary_a bridge_n the_o one_o whereof_o be_v purposely_o make_v to_o lead_v to_o the_o granary_n and_o storehouse_n where_o the_o corn_n and_o grain_n either_o for_o store_n or_o exportation_n be_v lay_v up_o and_o where_o their_o arsenal_n be_v seat_v in_o which_o their_o warlike_a provision_n be_v keep_v and_o where_o vessel_n of_o all_o sort_n both_o for_o sea_n and_o river_n be_v see_v daily_o to_o be_v fabricate_v beside_o the_o several_a church_n and_o college_n that_o adorn_v this_o city_n the_o duke_n palace_n must_v be_v account_v as_o the_o principal_a ornament_n build_v of_o that_o art_n and_o sumptuousness_n that_o it_o give_v not_o place_n to_o the_o most_o excellent_a in_o italy_n in_o fine_a stetin_n be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v the_o least_o of_o the_o hans-town_n and_o though_o the_o prince_n be_v daily_o there_o resident_n yet_o it_o prove_v no_o way_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o privilege_n thereof_o stetin_n commodity_n of_o stetin_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o city_n be_v for_o merchandize_v such_o as_o all_o the_o east_n country_n afford_v viz._n tar_n pitch_n rosin_n honey_n wax_n hides_n grain_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o fur_n stetin_n weight_n of_o stetin_n the_o weight_n of_o this_o city_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o kind_n derive_v from_o the_o pound_n weight_n here_o in_o use_n the_o quintar_n be_v account_v 112_o l._n of_o this_o place_n and_o that_o be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o be_v the_o stone_n which_o be_v also_o of_o two_o sort_n as_o a_o
competent_a amends_o and_o their_o merchandise_n be_v altogether_o gross_a can_v give_v they_o therefore_o the_o attribute_n of_o eminent_a merchant_n chap._n ccxxxiv_o of_o hungary_n and_o the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o thereof_o hungary_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o hungary_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o transilvania_n and_o valachia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o austria_n on_o the_o north_n with_o poland_n on_o the_o south_n with_o sclavonia_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n now_o stand_v divide_v between_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o the_o hungarian_n buda_n buda_n the_o great_a turk_n enjoy_v buda_n seat_v on_o danubius_n once_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o court_n of_o the_o king_n also_o guilia_n pest_n alba_n regalis_fw-la call_v by_o they_o wesenberg_n next_o quinque_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la rab_n and_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n in_o the_o hungarian_n possession_n be_v these_o principal_a city_n presberg_n presberg_n presberg_n the_o present_a metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n 2._o strigonium_n 3._o agraria_fw-it 4._o comara_n in_o a_o island_n of_o that_o name_n 5._o tertax_n 6._o cimista_n 7._o segith_o before_o which_o solyman_n the_o great_a turk_n end_v his_o day_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a consequence_n hungary_n commodity_n of_o hungary_n this_o country_n do_v much_o abound_v in_o cattle_n sufficient_a to_o feed_v all_o germany_n the_o store_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o yearly_o sell_v to_o their_o neighbour_n 80_o or_o 100_o thousand_o ox_n they_o have_v also_o some_o copper_n and_o tin_n some_o quantity_n of_o corn_n honey_n wax_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n and_o from_o hence_o to_o constantinople_n i_o have_v see_v hide_v butter_n and_o cheese_n that_o in_o great_a abundance_n have_v come_v out_o of_o these_o part_n through_o the_o black-sea_n further_a matter_n of_o trade_n have_v not_o remarkable_o fall_v into_o my_o hand_n therefore_o for_o the_o current_a coin_n of_o this_o country_n with_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n in_o use_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v and_o hence_o travel_v to_o dacia_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o province_n comprehend_v within_o that_o circuit_n chap._n ccxxxv_o of_o dacia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o dacia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o dacia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o euxine_a on_o the_o west_n with_o hungary_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n on_o the_o south_n with_o hemus_n divide_v it_o from_o greece_n the_o river_n that_o enrich_v this_o country_n be_v danubius_n 2_o alata_n 3._o salvata_fw-la 4._o cockle_n 5._o morâ—…_n and_o some_o other_o dacia_n commodity_n of_o dacia_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v butter_n cheese_n honey_n wax_n hides_n ox_n tallow_n and_o warlike_a horse_n of_o great_a worth_n the_o province_n be_v these_o and_o be_v all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n 1_o transilvania_n 1_o transilvania_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o be_v 1_o wisenberg_n 2._o clasenberg_n 3._o bristitia_fw-la 4._o fogarâ—…_n and_o other_o and_o now_o in_o possession_n of_o bethlem_n gabar_n the_o vaivode_n thereof_o 2._o moldavia_n 2._o moldavia_n be_v the_o next_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v saccania_n the_o second_o be_v false_v 3._o kilim_n 4._o chermon_n etc._n etc._n under_o a_o vavoide_v who_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o great_a turk_n 3._o valachia_n 3._o valachia_n be_v the_o three_o province_n the_o principal_a town_n whereof_o be_v 1._o salnium_fw-la 2._o pracklab_n 3._o tergovista_n the_o vavoide_n seat_n who_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n this_o country_n abound_v in_o mine_n of_o gold_n silver_n salt-pit_n wine_n cattle_n and_o brimstone_n and_o esteem_v the_o rich_a of_o these_o province_n 4._o servia_n 4._o servia_n be_v the_o four_o and_o have_v these_o city_n 1._o stoneburg_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o despot_n tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n 2._o samandria_n 3._o belgrade_n a_o famous_a town_n which_o cost_v the_o great_a turk_n much_o blood_n and_o money_n the_o get_n and_o be_v account_v before_o the_o bulwark_n of_o christendom_n on_o this_o side_n 5._o rasia_n 5._o rasia_n be_v the_o five_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v bodin_n a_o famous_a mart._n bulgaria_n bulgaria_n bulgaria_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v sophia_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o beglerbeg_n of_o greece_n who_o have_v under_o he_o 21_o sansack_v next_o be_v nicopolis_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n bosna_n bosna_n bosna_n be_v the_o last_o province_n wherein_o be_v casachium_fw-la and_o jasiga_n the_o residence_n of_o their_o former_a despot_n all_o which_o afford_v not_o further_o matter_n of_o trade_n for_o where_o the_o great_a turk_n once_o command_v traffic_n be_v account_v very_o rare_a and_o be_v seldom_o find_v of_o import_n and_o be_v ignorant_a in_o that_o little_a there_o be_v i_o be_o constrain_v to_o omit_v it_o chap._n ccxxxvi_o of_o sclavonia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o sclavionia_n sclavionia_n sclavonia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n the_o river_n of_o drinus_fw-la and_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o italy_n on_o the_o north_n hungary_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o adriatic_a sea_n commodity_n commodity_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v horse_n for_o service_n cattle_n oxon_n hides_n tallow_n butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o have_v some_o mine_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n now_o in_o the_o great_a turk_n possession_n the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o note_n in_o sclavonia_n be_v these_o illyria_n illyria_n illyria_n now_o by_o the_o turk_n call_v windismark_n have_v in_o it_o zatha_fw-mi seat_v upon_o danâ—…_n 2_o zackaoes_n 3._o windisgreet_n and_o other_o dalmatia_n dalmatia_n dalmatia_n be_v the_o second_o province_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v ragusa_n situate_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n former_o a_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o riches_n and_o now_o tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n next_o be_v sciâ—…_n 3._o zara_n both_o seat_v on_o the_o seashore_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o venetian_n 4._o spalatta_n a_o sea-town_n from_o whence_o to_o venice_n that_o state_n keep_v many_o galley_n for_o transportation_n of_o merchant_n good_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o unreasonable_a freight_v by_o they_o take_v they_o stand_v to_o the_o hazard_n and_o adventure_n thereof_o which_o they_o do_v to_o their_o cost_n in_o anno_fw-la 1619._o myself_o be_v in_o nail_n when_o as_o the_o duke_n d'_fw-fr ossuna_n then_o vice-king_n take_v two_o of_o these_o their_o galley_n gross_v lade_v with_o a_o rich_a booty_n as_o be_v report_v to_o the_o import_n of_o 300000_o crown_n which_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n be_v enforce_v to_o make_v good_a principal_o to_o merchant_n turk_n of_o constantinople_n to_o who_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o do_v at_o that_o time_n appertain_v and_o who_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o be_v the_o great_a trader_n this_o way_n the_o next_o town_n be_v scodra_n famous_a for_o the_o resistance_n it_o make_v against_o the_o turk_n and_o last_o lissa_n famous_a here_o for_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o scanderbag_n who_o bone_n be_v dig_v up_o and_o wear_v by_o the_o turk_n at_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n as_o conceive_v they_o to_o be_v of_o excellent_a virtue_n to_o make_v they_o partake_v of_o his_o good_a fortune_n this_o province_n be_v now_o divide_v between_o the_o venetian_n and_o the_o turk_n croatia_n croatia_n croatia_n be_v the_o next_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v cardisca_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n savus_n 2._o brumon_n 3._o nivograde_a 4._o sisgith_o and_o last_o petrovia_n this_o country_n be_v now_o subject_a in_o part_n to_o the_o venetian_n and_o in_o part_n to_o the_o austrian_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o most_o principal_a of_o this_o in_o brief_a and_o first_o of_o ragusa_n and_o spallatta_n chap._n ccxxxvii_o of_o rhagusa_n and_o spallatta_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o trade_n of_o sclavonia_n be_v at_o this_o day_n but_o of_o small_a account_n and_o little_a to_o our_o mation_n the_o two_o city_n of_o spalatta_n and_o rhagusa_n seat_v therein_o merit_v the_o principal_a consideration_n thereof_o rhagusa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o rhagusa_n then_o former_o call_v epidaurus_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n a_o commonwealth_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o riches_n be_v in_o time_n pass_v of_o far_o great_a fame_n and_o name_n both_o in_o trade_n and_o navigation_n than_o now_o it_o be_v for_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o original_a of_o those_o great_a ship_n here_o build_v and_o in_o old_a time_n famous_a as_o then_o vulgar_o call_v argosy_n proper_o rhaguse_n proper_o rhaguse_n rhaguse_n the_o last_o which_o they_o be_v note_v to_o have_v they_o lend_v philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o 1588._o to_o invade_v england_n and_o have_v her_o burial_n in_o our_o british_a sea_n and_o may_v
have_v here_o set_v up_o some_o loom_n and_o make_v cloth_n in_o imitation_n of_o our_o english_a suffolk_n clothes_n which_o have_v prove_v a_o great_a detriment_n to_o the_o sale_n of_o hampshire_n kersey_n once_o vend_v in_o great_a quantity_n general_o throughout_o turkey_n and_o especial_o in_o these_o part_n beside_o which_o sort_n of_o cloth_n now_o here_o make_v and_o hence_o take_v name_n the_o place_n afford_v the_o general_a commodity_n of_o the_o morea_n as_o powder_v of_o berry_n orgrame_n for_o dyer_n wool_n cotton_n wax_v honey_n cordovant_n aniseed_n and_o the_o like_a salonica_n weight_n of_o salonica_n the_o weight_n here_o in_o use_n be_v two_o the_o one_o call_v the_o quintar_n turcesco_n and_o the_o other_o the_o quintar_n petrasin_n the_o quintar_n turcesco_n of_o 100_o pound_n make_v in_o english_a pound_n 119_o pound_n to_o 120_o in_o venice_n gross_a 112_o pound_n in_o venice_n suttle_n 176_o in_o 178_o pound_n the_o quintar_n or_o 100_o pound_n petrasin_n make_v english_a 88_o l._n as_o be_v before_o mention_v by_o this_o all_o silk_n powder_n of_o grain_n and_o other_o fine_a good_n be_v sell_v and_o by_o the_o quintar_n turcesco_n be_v wool_n cotton_n caviere_n wax_n honey_n and_o some_o other_o gross_a commodity_n sell_v and_o weigh_v salonica_n measure_n of_o salonica_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o pico_n which_o be_v 27_o inch_n english_a and_o the_o hundred_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venice_n hold_v here_o 112_o pico_n and_o the_o hundred_o brace_n of_o silk_n in_o venice_n hold_v here_o 106_o pico_n gold_n siderocapse_n rich_a in_o mine_n of_o gold_n near_o this_o city_n be_v the_o town_n of_o siderocapse_n so_o well_o know_v to_o the_o turk_n for_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n there_o adjoin_v from_o which_o the_o great_a turk_n do_v monthly_o draw_v for_o his_o own_o share_n above_o 20000_o dollar_n beside_o the_o charge_n athos_n mount_v athos_n near_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o salonica_n be_v find_v the_o high_a and_o craggy_a hill_n of_o athos_n now_o the_o holy_a mountain_n whereon_o be_v find_v four_o and_o twenty_o monastery_n of_o colloires_n or_o religious_a grecian_a friar_n with_o such_o devotion_n and_o zeal_n that_o the_o turk_n themselves_o not_o only_o admire_v their_o quiet_a live_n but_o oftentimes_o communicate_v to_o their_o necessity_n give_v they_o gift_n and_o alms._n here_o it_o be_v report_v the_o ancient_a learning_n of_o many_o greek_a father_n lie_v bury_v or_o at_o least_o immure_v till_o by_o some_o divine_a hand_n they_o may_v be_v free_v and_o disperse_v through_o christendom_n and_o now_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n of_o this_o fruitful_a and_o famous_a country_n achaia_n achaia_n the_o next_o province_n be_v achaia_n athens_n athens_n wherein_o be_v that_o famous_a athens_n now_o salines_n marathron_n marathron_n also_o marathron_n where_o darius_n be_v overthrow_v megara_n megara_n then_o megara_n famous_a in_o time_n of_o old_a thebes_n thebes_n thebes_n build_v upon_o the_o river_n cephisus_n thermopilae_fw-la thermopilae_fw-la here_o be_v also_o the_o strait_n of_o thermopile_n 25_o foot_n in_o breadth_n defend_v by_o 300_o spartan_n against_o xerâ—es_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o 30000_o of_o his_o men._n parnassus_n parnassus_n here_o be_v also_o the_o mount_n helicon_n and_o parnassus_n famous_v among_o poet_n and_o the_o pythian_a city_n account_v the_o midst_n of_o all_o the_o world_n and_o many_o other_o remarkable_a place_n which_o be_v here_o in_o time_n past_a all_o have_v yield_v to_o age_n and_o therefore_o merit_v not_o a_o long_a stay_n or_o a_o more_o serious_a survey_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o epyrus_n epyrus_n epyrus_n be_v the_o next_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v famous_a 1._o antigonia_n 2._o casiope_n 3._o anbrasia_n and_o other_o now_o ruin_v and_o of_o no_o account_n albania_n albania_n albania_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v 1._o albanopolis_n 2._o sfetigrade_a 3._o durazzo_n a_o strong_a town_n 4._o croia_n under_o who_o wall_n amurath_n ii_o die_v now_o afford_v little_o know_v trade_n unto_o we_o macedonia_n macedonia_n macedonia_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v scidra_n adessa_n eribea_n all_o fair_a city_n but_o little_o know_v to_o the_o english_a for_o matter_n of_o trade_n only_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v that_o this_o country_n be_v famous_a for_o philip_n and_o alexander_n the_o great_a his_o son_n who_o from_o hence_o have_v their_o original_n thessalia_n thessalia_n thessaly_n be_v the_o next_o province_n where_o the_o city_n of_o tricca_n lomia_n demetria_n pharsalia_n and_o other_o stand_v now_o also_o ruin_v and_o forget_v migdonia_n migdonia_n migdoma_fw-mi be_v the_o next_o province_n wherein_o be_v stagira_n next_o apollonia_n nepolis_n antigon_n who_o also_o be_v now_o all_o ruin_v give_v pre-eminence_n to_o thessalonica_n now_o call_v salonica_n seat_v in_o a_o bay_n of_o that_o name_n as_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o chapter_n before_o go_v thracia_n thracia_n thracia_n be_v the_o last_o province_n comprise_v in_o grecia_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o sestos_n opposite_a to_o abydos_n upon_o the_o hellespont_n famous_a for_o the_o love_n of_o hero_n and_o leander_n and_o now_o the_o castle_n or_o key_n of_o constantinople_n abdera_n the_o birthplace_n of_o democritus_n who_o spend_v his_o life_n in_o laugh_v calipolis_n calipolis_n calipolis_n situate_v on_o the_o northern_a promontory_n of_o chersonese_n the_o first_o town_n that_o ever_o the_o turk_n take_v in_o europe_n trajanopolis_n found_v by_o trajanus_n adrianople_n adrianople_n and_o adrianapolis_n build_v by_o adrian_n the_o emperor_n and_o by_o bajazet_n take_v in_o 1362_o and_o make_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n till_o the_o take_n of_o constantinople_n about_o 90_o year_n after_o pera._n pera._n and_o pira_fw-la a_o city_n of_o the_o genoese_a opposite_a to_o constantinople_n and_o last_o here_o be_v find_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o constantinople_n itself_o the_o metropolis_n of_o greece_n and_o present_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n wherein_o have_v reside_v for_o some_o year_n and_o find_v that_o it_o comprehend_v most_o part_n of_o the_o traffic_n of_o his_o european_a dominion_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o for_o i_o to_o observe_v it_o in_o a_o particular_a chapter_n as_o well_o merit_v the_o same_o chap._n ccxlvii_o of_o constantinople_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o constantinople_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o constantinople_n the_o seat_n and_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n be_v situate_v upon_o the_o stream_n that_o pass_v from_o the_o euxine_a sea_n to_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o thereby_o reap_v the_o benefit_n of_o all_o that_o the_o wind_n can_v convey_v thither_o both_o from_o the_o black_a and_o white_a sea_n as_o they_o term_v they_o it_o be_v no_o more_o commodious_a for_o merchandise_n than_o for_o to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o a_o empire_n affront_a asia_n and_o behind_o it_o europe_n whereof_o it_o be_v account_v the_o uttermost_a limit_n esteem_v to_o be_v to_o miles_n in_o circuit_n and_o comprehend_v 700000_o live_a soul_n as_o some_o have_v conceive_v which_o will_v grow_v innumerable_a do_v not_o the_o grand_a signor_n army_n yearly_a and_o the_o plague_n once_o in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n sweep_v away_o abundance_n of_o they_o it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o pausanias_n a_o lacedaemonian_a captain_n 660_o year_n before_o christ_n and_o by_o he_o call_v bisantium_n afterward_o ruin_v by_o severus_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 313._o re-edify_v by_o constantins_n the_o great_a and_o make_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o empire_n and_o by_o he_o beautify_v and_o adorn_v with_o magnificent_a building_n and_o curious_a ornament_n and_o call_v constantinople_n than_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o latin_n from_o they_o to_o the_o grecian_n and_o last_o in_o 1453_o to_o the_o turk_n who_o now_o command_v it_o upon_o which_o some_o have_v make_v this_o observation_n that_o the_o first_o emperor_n of_o the_o latin_n who_o command_v it_o be_v a_o baldwin_n and_o so_o be_v he_o also_o that_o lose_v it_o also_o that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o a_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o a_o helena_n a_o gregory_z be_v patriarch_n and_o lose_v by_o a_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o a_o helena_n a_o gregory_z be_v patriarch_n and_o as_o it_o be_v gain_v by_o mahomet_n so_o have_v the_o turk_n a_o prophecy_n that_o a_o mahomet_n shall_v lose_v it_o the_o city_n be_v form_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o triangle_n or_o more_o fit_o as_o we_o see_v the_o composition_n of_o a_o harp_n have_v its_o two_o large_a angle_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n upon_o a_o point_n that_o stretch_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o least_o part_n encompass_v with_o a_o strong_a tripled_a wall_n encompass_v with_o dry_a deep_a ditch_n for_o defence_n and_o strengthen_v with_o sundry_a tower_n now_o daily_o ruin_v for_o the_o turk_n hold_v
a_o desire_n to_o employ_v their_o talent_n in_o foreign_a country_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o see_v to_o be_v perfect_v among_o they_o nature_n have_v to_o this_o end_n fit_v they_o with_o many_o goodly_a port_n and_o navigable_a river_n and_o will_v in_o time_n i_o hope_v fit_v they_o with_o a_o inclination_n to_o second_v by_o their_o endeavour_n what_o be_v so_o plentiful_o bestow_v by_o she_o upon_o they_o which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o conversation_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o civiliz_n d_o english_a that_o daily_o be_v see_v to_o come_v and_o reside_v among_o they_o and_o thus_o leave_v ireland_n and_o my_o good_a wish_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o her_o traffic_n i_o hence_o pass_v over_o to_o scotland_n a_o part_n of_o britain_n and_o view_v the_o present_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n cclxu._n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o scotland_n be_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o salway_n and_o the_o cheviot_n hill_n extend_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o other_o which_o be_v a_o kingdom_n and_o vary_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n from_o england_n i_o have_v think_v good_a here_o to_o insert_v by_o itself_o scotland_n commodity_n of_o scotland_n the_o comedy_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v coarse_a clothes_n freeze_v fish_v salt_v hides_n tallow_n lead_v over_o some_o grain_n feather_n and_o other_o commodity_n as_o sea-coal_n allom_n iron_n etc._n etc._n this_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o high-land_n and_o the_o low-land_n and_o the_o same_o into_o several_a sheriffdom_n or_o province_n in_o which_o be_v find_v these_o town_n of_o consequence_n chap._n cclxvi_o of_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o first_o edenburg_n wherein_o be_v seat_v the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n consist_v principal_o of_o one_o street_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n whereto_o do_v lead_v many_o other_o petty_a lane_n make_v the_o whole_a near_o three_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o second_o town_n be_v glascow_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o university_n the_o three_o be_v saint_n andrews_n in_o fife_n honour_v with_o many_o prerogative_n fourthly_a sterling_a then_o be_v perth_n aberdeen_n dondes_n saint_n john_n town_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n scotland_n money_n of_o scotland_n their_o current_a money_n in_o merchandise_n be_v the_o proper_a coin_n of_o that_o kingdom_n both_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v usual_o find_v to_o be_v in_o gold_n in_o piece_n of_o 22_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 11_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 5._o 6_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 2._o 9_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 4._o 4⅜_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 1_o shill_n 1½_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o ½_n the_o ¾_n and_o ⅛_n thereof_o piece_n of_o 9_o 6_o d._n be_v ⅔_n of_o the_o 13_o d._n ½_n sterl_n one_o mark_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr piece_n of_o ½_n which_o be_v 4½_n d._n be_v ⅓_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a again_o 13½_n d._n sterl_n be_v a_o scotch_a mark._n or_o 13_o shill_n 4._o d._n scotch_a 6⅔_n be_v a_o scotch_a noble_a 6_o shill_n 8_o d._n 20_o d._n sterl_n be_v 1½_n mark_n scotch_a or_o 1_o pound_n scotch_a of_o 20_o shill_n 20_o shill_n sterl_n be_v 18_o scotch_a mark_n beside_o which_o be_v here_o find_v current_a the_o coin_n of_o england_n and_o he_o that_o will_v see_v further_o into_o the_o intrinsic_n value_n and_o weight_n of_o these_o coin_n either_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n must_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o proclamation_n set_v out_o by_o our_o sovereign_a king_n james_n decease_v date_v in_o 1609_o which_o will_v also_o show_v their_o conformity_n to_o the_o coin_n of_o england_n in_o weight_n and_o goodness_n and_o the_o current_a value_n and_o estimation_n thereof_o through_o this_o kingdom_n scotland_n exchange_n in_o scotland_n here_o be_v practise_v for_o england_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n as_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o scotch_a mark_n for_o 12_o penny_n sterling_a in_o london_n etc._n etc._n scotland_n account_n in_o scotland_n their_o account_n be_v now_o keep_v several_a way_n some_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n by_o sterling_a pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n and_o some_o by_o their_o own_o ancient_a manner_n also_o in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n scottish_a 20_o penny_n sterling_a be_v their_o pound_n 13½_n be_v their_o mark_n and_o penny_n scottish_a of_o which_o they_o have_v some_o black_a or_o copper_n monies_n as_o babaes_n esteem_v by_o they_o for_o six_o penny_n whereof_o two_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a placks_n which_o they_o esteem_v for_o four_o penny_n and_o three_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a and_o last_o piece_n call_v hard-head_n esteem_v by_o they_o at_o 1½_n penny_n but_o eight_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a money_n and_o some_o of_o these_o be_v yet_o current_a among_o they_o scotland_n weight_n of_o scotland_n they_o have_v in_o general_n as_o be_v also_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n but_o one_o weight_n for_o weigh_v of_o their_o merchandise_n and_o for_o buy_v and_o sell_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o pound_n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o london_n and_o all_o throughout_o england_n 108_o l._n averdupois_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n london_n sotile_n be_v find_v to_o render_v here_o 92_o l._n incirca_fw-la or_o the_o 112_o l._n to_o give_v 103½_n l._n or_o thereabouts_o 100_o measure_n of_o length_n 120_o for_o 100_o their_o common_a measure_n in_o length_n for_o linens_n cloth_n silk_n or_o stuff_n be_v a_o ell_n common_a in_o use_n throughout_o scotland_n which_o be_v about_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n differ_v from_o our_o english_a yard_n as_o be_v great_a so_o that_o whereas_o we_o allow_v 36_o inch_n to_o the_o yard_n by_o rule_n their_o ell_n may_v make_v incirca_fw-la 34½_n inch_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o trader_n hither_o that_o 75_o yard_n in_o london_n or_o ell_n 60_o ell_n have_v make_v here_o 72_o scotch_a ell_n but_o in_o their_o hundred_o by_o tale_n in_o measure_n they_o account_v six_o score_n or_o 120_o for_o 100_o in_o other_o measure_n of_o corn_n coal_n salt_n or_o liquid_a measure_n of_o beer_n ale_n wine_n oil_n and_o such_o like_a imitate_v the_o better_a experience_a to_o supply_v my_o defect_n therein_o for_o i_o hasten_v now_o towards_o england_n and_o so_o to_o london_n the_o city_n of_o my_o abode_n and_o the_o end_n of_o my_o present_a labour_n and_o by_o the_o way_n will_v observe_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v much_o addict_v both_o to_o trade_n and_o navigation_n and_o have_v many_o good_a help_n and_o furtherance_n there_o both_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o good_a port_n of_o the_o same_o so_o that_o in_o brief_a i_o may_v conclude_v this_o kingdom_n to_o be_v more_o addict_v to_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n than_o the_o irish_a and_o yet_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o english_a which_o yet_o by_o the_o gracious_a aspect_n of_o our_o sovereign_n be_v see_v daily_o to_o increase_v and_o may_v in_o time_n come_v to_o a_o great_a perfection_n chap._n cclxvii_o of_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o have_v now_o set_v my_o foot_n upon_o the_o happy_a shore_n and_o run_v through_o the_o trade_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a know_a city_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o survey_v the_o distinct_a port_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o i_o may_v not_o do_v less_o to_o our_o own_o than_o in_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v do_v to_o other_o foreign_a country_n britain_n then_o the_o queen_n of_o island_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o circuit_n 1836_o mile_n extend_v itself_o comprehend_v england_n wales_n and_o scotland_n as_o of_o one_o entire_a island_n which_o we_o now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o great_a britain_n 800_o mile_n be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n as_o into_o england_n and_o wales_n who_o trade_n we_o have_v now_o in_o hand_n and_o scotland_n who_o traffic_n we_o have_v already_o declare_v chap._n cclxviii_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o wales_n then_o be_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o division_n be_v bound_v on_o all_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n except_o the_o east_n where_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o a_o line_n draw_v to_o the_o river_n wie_z but_o by_o some_o by_o clauda_n offa_n or_o offa_n ditch_n or_o more_o proper_a by_o interpretation_n offa_n
hedge_n or_o rampire_n begin_n at_o the_o influx_n of_o wie_z into_o severn_n reach_v unto_o chester_n for_o 84_o mile_n where_o the_o river_n of_o dee_n enter_v into_o the_o sea_n the_o country_n be_v in_o many_o place_n mountainous_a and_o barren_a yet_o able_a of_o itself_o to_o subsist_v without_o assistance_n of_o any_o neighbourhood_n partly_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o plenty_n of_o some_o of_o the_o shire_n thereof_o the_o most_o fruitful_a afford_v supply_n to_o other_o that_o be_v find_v the_o most_o barren_a and_o deficient_a wales_n commodity_n of_o wales_n the_o commodity_n which_o this_o country_n do_v yield_v and_o vent_v abroad_o for_o merchandise_n be_v first_o cattle_n in_o abundance_n breed_v in_o general_a through_o the_o whole_a country_n wax_n honey_n herring_n white_a and_o red_a butter_n and_o cheese_n in_o great_a plenty_n wool_n also_o in_o some_o measure_n also_o this_o country_n be_v well_o store_v with_o mine_n of_o silver_n lead-ore_n coal_n and_o some_o tin_n millstone_n and_o good_a quarry_n of_o freestone_n for_o building_n hides_n calf_n skin_n frise_n bay_n some_o linen_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o welsh_a cotton_n and_o plain_n which_o in_o oswestry_n seat_v in_o sheep_n hire_n be_v every_o monday_n as_o the_o common_a emporie_n of_o all_o wales_n vent_v in_o great_a abundance_n and_o thence_o disperse_v throughout_o england_n and_o so_o thence_o be_v ship_v and_o convey_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o normandy_n britain_n and_o picardy_n and_o of_o late_o have_v find_v a_o current_a vent_n in_o spain_n turkey_n and_o other_o country_n therefore_o i_o will_v encourage_v my_o countryman_n to_o go_v on_o in_o their_o mansfacture_n of_o wool_n see_v that_o nature_n have_v do_v her_o part_n to_o give_v they_o the_o material_n their_o industry_n must_v be_v add_v and_o that_o will_v soon_o bring_v forward_o the_o art_n and_o all_o these_o conjoin_v will_v bring_v a_o benefit_n for_o a_o reward_n of_o all_o and_o to_o all_o of_o they_o wales_n four_o circuit_n in_o wales_n wales_n be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o contain_v 4_o circuit_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n 1_o flint_n denhigh_n montgomery_n shire_n be_v the_o first_o radnor_n glamorgan_n and_o brecknockshires_n be_v the_o second_o cardigan_n carmarthen_n and_o pembroke_n shire_n be_v the_o three_o merion_v carnarvan_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n the_o four_o diocese_n four_o diocese_n also_o to_o contain_v 4_o diocese_n for_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n shire_n twelve_o shire_n and_o these_o comprehend_v in_o twelve_o shire_n wherein_o be_v also_o find_v 1_o choose_v 13_o forest_n 36_o park_n 99_o bridge_n 230_o river_n 1016_o parish_n wherein_o be_v note_v to_o be_v 56_o market_n town_n be_v no_o city_n and_o in_o they_o 41_o castle_n and_o 4_o city_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o so_o many_o bishop_n as_o 〈◊〉_d saint_n david_n in_o pembrookshire_n 2._o bangor_n in_o carnarvonshire_n 3._o asaph_z in_o flintshire_n 4_o landaffe_n in_o glenorganshire_n last_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v account_v man_n of_o faithful_a carriage_n one_o to_o another_o most_o especial_o in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o to_o stranger_n in_o their_o own_o and_o use_v a_o peculiar_a language_n that_o have_v remain_v without_o alteration_n or_o commixture_n with_o any_o other_o in_o the_o world_n from_o the_o original_n thereof_o to_o this_o day_n and_o last_o to_o their_o everlasting_a praise_n and_o commendation_n have_v for_o many_o year_n valiant_o withstand_v all_o their_o enemy_n by_o their_o own_o proper_a valour_n and_o be_v join_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v true_a and_o loyal_a to_o the_o same_o and_o have_v so_o continue_v in_o all_o amity_n love_n and_o faithfulness_n chap._n cclxix_o of_o england_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o england_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o england_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o now_o the_o last_o in_o my_o labour_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o german_a on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o irish_a on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o british_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o scotland_n as_o be_v aforementioned_a the_o ornament_n of_o this_o country_n have_v in_o time_n past_o be_v express_v unto_o we_o by_o this_o verse_n anglia_fw-it mons_fw-la pons_n fons_n ecclesia_fw-la foemina_fw-la lana_n england_n be_v store_v with_o mountain_n bridge_n wool_n with_o church_n rivers_n woman_n beautiful_a but_o these_o be_v not_o the_o commodity_n that_o merchant_n look_v after_o therefore_o i_o will_v show_v you_o in_o his_o proper_a place_n those_o commodity_n which_o england_n do_v natural_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a season_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o run_v over_o the_o province_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o see_v what_o particular_n may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o each_o conduce_v either_o to_o traffic_n or_o to_o the_o honour_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n and_o thereto_o add_v also_o the_o province_n of_o wales_n purposely_o omit_v for_o this_o place_n the_o province_n or_o more_o proper_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n according_a to_o cambden_n who_o i_o glad_o follow_v in_o this_o description_n be_v these_o cornwall_n cornwall_n the_o first_o be_v cornwall_n in_o itself_o a_o barren_a and_o mountainous_a country_n but_o the_o bosom_n thereof_o enclose_v rich_a mine_n of_o tin_n which_o for_o the_o excellence_n thereof_o be_v famous_a throughout_o the_o world_n also_o therewith_o be_v dig_v gold_n and_o silver_n and_o a_o certain_a stone_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o earth_n of_o itself_o transparent_a and_o natural_o form_v into_o angle_n and_o point_n which_o if_o find_v in_o foreign_a country_n will_v be_v hold_v admirable_a here_o be_v also_o upon_o this_o coast_n take_v pilchard_n and_o herring_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v salt_n and_o dry_a in_o the_o smoke_n and_o so_o transport_v into_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n to_o good_a advantage_n the_o sea-coast_n be_v beautify_v with_o many_o town_n and_o havens_n capable_a of_o many_o ship_n falmouth_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o here_o be_v find_v that_o famous_a mount_n michael_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v cana_n which_o have_v for_o many_o age_n be_v note_v for_o its_o steepness_n and_o antiquity_n thereof_o st._n ives_n in_o cornwall_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n of_o st._n ives_n be_v on_o the_o the_o seaside_n with_o a_o good_a road_n before_o it_o for_o any_o vessel_n whatsoever_o to_o ride_v in_o it_o within_o one_o league_n half_a league_n or_o quarter_n of_o a_o league_n of_o the_o town_n with_o a_o peer_n or_o dry_a key_n belong_v unto_o it_o which_o will_v admit_v the_o enter_v a_o vessel_n of_o 200_o tun_n bring_v their_o tide_n with_o they_o the_o situation_n 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off_o call_v watchet_a of_o the_o same_o bigness_n only_o the_o key_n be_v ruin_v and_o another_o port_n 7_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n call_v bridgwater_n in_o which_o town_n come_v a_o salt-water_n river_n in_o which_o may_v come_v in_o at_o a_o full_a tide_n vessel_n of_o 60_o tun_n and_o the_o river_n from_o the_o main_a of_o severn_n be_v above_o 10_o mile_n by_o which_o you_o may_v judge_v how_o many_o vessel_n may_v arrive_v to_o these_o port_n there_o be_v but_o few_o ship_n belong_v to_o these_o port_n their_o trade_n be_v to_o ireland_n to_o wales_n for_o coal_n and_o bristol_n and_o sometime_o to_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o port_n he_o against_o the_o sea_n that_o run_v to_o bristol_n call_v the_o severn_n what_o trade_n they_o drive_v be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o former_a article_n as_o for_o fish_v there_o be_v very_o little_a not_o worth_a mention_v 5._o wiltshire_n 5._o wiltshire_n be_v the_o 5._o altogether_o a_o inland_n country_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v malmesbury_n famour_n for_o the_o clothes_n of_o wool_n make_v here_o salisbury_n for_o the_o bishopric_n and_o wilton_n of_o old_a the_o chief_a of_o this_o county_n now_o a_o little_a village_n 6._o hampshire_n 6._o hampshire_n be_v the_o 6._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o little_a fair_a city_n of_o southampton_n winchester_n the_o pleasant_a and_o portsmouth_n the_o only_a now_o garrison_n town_n of_o england_n 7._o berkshire_n 7._o berkshire_n be_v the_o 7._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o newberry_n famous_a for_o clothe_v and_o windsor_n for_o the_o king_n castle_n and_o where_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n be_v solemnize_v 8._o surrey_z 8._o surrey_n be_v the_o 8._o wherein_o be_v see_v oatland_n and_o richmond_n two_o beautiful_a and_o stately_a palace_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 9_o sussex_n 9_o sussex_n be_v the_o 9_o chichester_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n and_o rhy_z the_o chief_a sea-town_n 10._o kent_z 10._o kent_n be_v the_o next_o rich_a in_o meadow_n pasture_n grove_n apple_n and_o cherry_n wherein_o be_v find_v seat_v the_o cinque-port_n deptford_n the_o king_n yard_n for_o building_n of_o his_o ship_n rochester_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n eltham_n and_o greenwich_n two_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n dover_n a_o famous_a seaport_n and_o one_o of_o the_o key_n of_o this_o island_n and_o last_o canterbury_n the_o prime_a of_o this_o county_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n 11._o gloucester_z 11._o gloucestershire_n be_v the_o 11._o the_o principal_a town_n be_v tewksbury_n famous_a for_o cloth-making_a and_o gloucester_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n here_o be_v also_o find_v the_o famous_a hill_n of_o cotsall_n upon_o which_o great_a flock_n of_o sheep_n be_v find_v to_o feed_v yield_v that_o excellent_a wool_n so_o much_o esteem_v among_o all_o nation_n 12._o oxford_n 12._o oxfordshire_n be_v the_o 12._o which_o be_v a_o fruitful_a county_n both_o in_o corn_n and_o pasture_n and_o wherein_o be_v find_v woodstock_n a_o house_n of_o the_o king_n be_v a_o enclose_a park_n with_o a_o stone_n wall_n imagine_v the_o the_o first_o of_o this_o land_n and_o oxford_n a_o university_n famous_a through_o the_o world_n and_o chief_a of_o this_o island_n 13._o buckingh_n 13._o buckinghamshire_n be_v the_o 13._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o good_a town_n of_o ailsbury_n stony-stratford_n and_o buckingham_n the_o principal_a of_o the_o county_n 14._o bedford_z 14._o bedfordshire_n be_v the_o next_o and_o show_v the_o town_n of_o bedford_n for_o the_o first_o of_o the_o county_n 15._o hertford_n 15._o hertfordshire_n be_v the_o 15._o wherein_o be_v the_o stately_a house_n of_o theobalds_n a_o house_n of_o the_o king_n st._n alban_n a_o fair_a thoroughfare_a and_o hertford_n the_o principal_a of_o the_o county_n 16._o middlesex_n 16._o middlesex_n be_v the_o 16._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o king_n palace_n hampton_n court_n and_o london_n the_o prime_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n so_o famous_a abroad_o in_o foreign_a country_n that_o it_o need_v no_o man_n commendation_n it_o be_v beautify_v with_o sundry_a college_n for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o municipal_a law_n with_o the_o church_n of_o westminster_n and_o london_n beside_o divers_a other_o with_o the_o hall_n of_o westminster_n where_o the_o parliament_n extraordinary_a and_o court_n of_o chancery_n kings-bench_n and_o other_o court_n be_v ordinary_o keep_v with_o the_o 2_o palace_n of_o whitehall_n and_o st._n james_n with_o a_o exchange_n or_o burse_n for_o merchant_n to_o meet_v in_o with_o a_o sumptuous_a and_o wonderful_a bridge_n of_o free_a stone_n beside_o many_o other_o excellent_a private_a and_o public_a edifice_n 17._o essex_n 17._o essex_n be_v the_o next_o abound_v in_o pasturage_n corn_n and_o saffron_n and_o in_o which_o be_v find_v chelmsford_n the_o chief_a town_n colchester_n coxal_a and_o other_o abound_v with_o bay_n sesse_n and_o other_o new_a drapery_n and_o last_o harwich_n a_o safe_a haven_n for_o ship_n 18._o suffolk_z 18._o suffolk_n be_v next_o which_o afford_v quantity_n of_o butter_n cheese_n and_o clothes_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o suffolk-cloth_n wherein_o be_v find_v st._n edmund_n bury_v and_o ipswich_n which_o have_v a_o commodious_a haven_n 19_o norfolk_z 19_o norfolk_n be_v the_o 19_o a_o large_a champain_n country_n abound_v in_o coney_n and_o sheep_n afford_v the_o two_o good_a haven_n town_n of_o lin_n and_o yarmouth_n and_o norwich_n the_o first_o of_o the_o county_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v number_v among_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o england_n thereof_o a_o description_n of_o the_o city_n of_o norwich_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n and_o be_v situate_a upon_o the_o river_n yare_a which_o run_v to_o yarmouth_n and_o give_v name_n to_o that_o town_n passable_a for_o small_a boat_n only_o on_o which_o river_n be_v 5_o bridge_n the_o city_n be_v well_o wall_a with_o many_o turret_n and_o have_v 12_o gate_n for_o entrance_n contain_v 36_o parish_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a marketplace_n â—and_v town-hall_n for_o the_o city_n court_n and_o election_n and_o one_o other_o hall_n wherein_o the_o citizen_n keep_v their_o great_a feast_n this_o city_n be_v also_o beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a cathedral_n and_o cloister_n not_o much_o inferior_a to_o any_o in_o the_o world_n though_o now_o much_o ruinate_v by_o these_o unhappy_a time_n there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o city_n the_o ruin_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n 3_o palace_n viz._n one_o belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n one_o formerly_z belonging_z the_o earls_z of_o surrey_n and_o one_o other_o for_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n here_o be_v also_o 3_o hospital_n one_o for_o age_a person_n one_o for_o boy_n and_o one_o for_o girl_n the_o government_n of_o this_o city_n be_v by_o a_o mayor_n 2_o sheriff_n 24_o alderman_n and_o 16_o common_a council-man_n this_o city_n be_v a_o inland_a place_n about_o 30_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n by_o water_n though_o not_o above_o 16_o by_o land_n have_v little_o foreign_a trade_n save_v only_o with_o holland_n and_o that_o not_o considerable_a or_o worth_a take_v notice_n of_o the_o chief_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v to_o london_n and_o that_o in_o these_o two_o commodity_n especial_o viz._n stuff_n and_o stocking_n the_o stuff_v here_o vend_v in_o a_o time_n of_o free_a trade_n may_v be_v estimate_v at_o 100000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o upward_o which_o say_v stuff_n be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o two_o company_n one_o call_v the_o worsted_n company_n and_o the_o other_o the_o russel_n company_n those_o manusacture_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o worsted_n company_n and_o approve_v by_o the_o warden_n thereof_o have_v a_o seal_v affix_v to_o each_o end_n thereof_o the_o one_o seal_v have_v this_o word_n norwich_n on_o one_o side_n and_o certain_a letter_n on_o the_o other_o which_o stand_v for_o such_o of_o the_o warden_n name_n as_o be_v present_a at_o the_o seal_v thereof_o the_o other_o seal_n have_v on_o one_o side_n these_o word_n worsted_n reform_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n thereof_o in_o figure_n the_o quantity_n of_o yard_n the_o piece_n contain_v and_o those_o manufacture_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o russel_n company_n and_o approve_v by_o they_o have_v but_o one_o seal_n which_o have_v on_o one_o side_n the_o representation_n of_o a_o castle_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n these_o word_n fidelitas_fw-la art_fw-la alit_fw-la this_o stuff_n trade_n be_v chief_o manage_v in_o partnership_n between_o the_o london_n and_o norwich_n merchant_n great_a quantity_n whereof_o have_v in_o formertime_n in_o a_o free_a trade_n with_o other_o nation_n be_v export_v beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o several_a place_n but_o
brief_o run_v over_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a i_o shall_v here_o add_v the_o like_a cursory_a view_n of_o wales_n comprehend_v under_o the_o government_n of_o england_n and_o include_v within_o the_o same_o limit_v and_o omit_v to_o this_o place_n as_o have_v part_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n which_o i_o find_v to_o be_v in_o number_n these_o 1_o anglesey_n 1_o anglesey_n i_o account_v the_o first_o which_o be_v touch_v among_o the_o island_n be_v esteem_v a_o county_n of_o wales_n beaumary_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o county_n 2._o flint_n 2._o flintshire_n be_v the_o second_o plentiful_a in_o corn_n and_o pasture_n famous_a for_o the_o spring_n of_o holy_a well_o call_v here_o st._n winifred_n well_o and_o flint_n town_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n 3_o denbigh_n 3_o denbighshire_n be_v the_o next_o afford_v some_o mine_n of_o lead_n wherein_o be_v find_v wrexham_n that_o boast_v of_o its_o holy_a tower_n and_o musical_a organ_n and_o denbigh_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n 4._o canaruan_n 4._o canarvanshire_n be_v the_o next_o ancient_o call_v snowden_n forest_n before_o that_o wales_n be_v reduce_v to_o county_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o high_a hill_n the_o alps_o of_o britain_n also_o aberconway_n a_o strong_a and_o fair_a little_a town_n bangor_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o canaruan_n the_o chief_a of_o this_o province_n famous_a for_o the_o birth-place_n of_o edward_n ii_o the_o first_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o english_a blood_n 5._o merion_v 5._o merionethshire_n be_v the_o next_o a_o mountainous_a country_n afford_v notwithstanding_o good_a pasture_n for_o cattle_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v balla_n though_o poor_a yet_o principal_a of_o these_o mountaincer_n 6_o montgomery_z 6_o montgomeryshire_n be_v the_o next_o have_v its_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n 7._o cardigan_n 7._o cardiganshire_n be_v the_o seven_o and_o have_v the_o town_n of_o cardigan_n for_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n 8._o pembroke_n 8._o pembrokeshire_n be_v the_o eight_o pembrâ—…_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n and_o here_o a_o long_a neck_n of_o land_n make_v a_o haven_n call_v milford_n haven_n than_o which_o europe_n have_v not_o a_o more_o noble_a more_o safe_a and_o more_o large_a with_o many_o creek_n and_o safe_a road_n wherein_o 1000_o sail_n may_v ride_v out_o of_o sight_n one_o of_o another_o and_o make_v more_o famous_a by_o the_o land_n of_o henry_n vii_o 9_o caermarden_n 9_o caermardenshire_n be_v the_o next_o abound_v in_o corn_n sheep_n and_o pit-coal_n caermarden_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n 10_o glamorgan_n 10_o glamorganshire_n be_v the_o next_o cardiff_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n have_v a_o commodious_a haven_n for_o ship_n 11_o monmouth_n 11_o monmouthshire_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v chepstow_n and_o monmouth_n the_o last_o be_v glorious_a in_o give_v birth_n to_o henry_n v._o conqueror_n of_o france_n 12._o brecknock_n 12._o brecknockshire_n be_v the_o next_o brecknock_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n 13._o radnor_n 13._o radnorshire_n be_v the_o last_o wherein_o be_v sound_a radnor_n the_o chief_a these_o be_v in_o brief_a the_o shire_n of_o wales_n england_n commodity_n of_o england_n to_o observe_v now_o my_o former_a method_n have_v thus_o particular_o survey_v the_o continent_n let_v i_o now_o search_v into_o those_o commodity_n which_o england_n in_o general_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o be_v thence_o export_v into_o foreign_a region_n as_o be_v the_o principal_a motive_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o kingdom_n which_o it_o produce_v several_a way_n first_o by_o manufacture_n it_o yield_v woollen_a clothes_n of_o all_o sort_n broad_a and_o narrow_a know_v and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o several_a shire_n also_o perpetuano_n bay_n sesse_n scrges_n cotton_n kersey_n buffin_n mocado_n grogram_n satin_n calimancas_n velvet_n plâ—shts_n worsted_n fustian_n durance_n tukes_n and_o infinite_a other_o there_o be_v make_v in_o this_o island_n yearly_a 250000_o clothes_n by_o computation_n and_o by_o this_o may_v be_v guess_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o resâ—_n of_o other_o sort_n also_o fur_n and_o skin_n as_o coney-skin_n squirrel-skin_n fitche_n calf-skin_n hide_n and_o sundry_a other_o also_o it_o produce_v by_o mine_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n 1._o tin_n 1200000_o l._n yearly_a lead_v 800_o foders_n yearly_a allom_n 800_o tun_n yearly_a copper_n 500_o tun_n yearly_a iron_n of_o all_o sort_n 800_o furnace_n daily_o set_v on_o work_n beside_o ordnance_n of_o iron_n and_o such_o like_a sea-coal_n yearly_a cauldron_n salt_n tun_n also_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n oat_n pease_n barley_n rye_n and_o wheat_n in_o great_a plenty_n also_o linen_n cloth_n all_o iron_n ware_n tallow_n leather_n glass_n and_o glass_n of_o all_o sort_n venice_n gold_n and_o bilver_n train-oyl_n salmon_n pilchard_n and_o herring_n hake_n conger_n and_o gaberdine_n hops_n wood_n butter_n cheese_n beer_n salt-petre_a gunpowder_n honey_n wax_n alabaster_n and_o some_o other_o stone_n wool_n woolfels_n yern_v yernsey_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o conclude_v many_o other_o good_a and_o rich_a commodity_n be_v here_o find_v england_n beauty_n of_o england_n the_o beauty_n and_o wealth_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v demonstrate_v in_o 325_o river_n 8_o thereof_o be_v great_a and_o navigable_a for_o some_o mile_n whereon_o be_v find_v 857_o bridge_n 30_o chase_n 55_o forest_n 745_o park_n here_o be_v also_o reckon_v 26_o deanery_n 60_o archdeaconry_n 504_o dignity_n and_o prebend_n 5439_o parochial_a benefice_n beside_o impropriation_n and_o vicarage_n and_o the_o whole_a divide_v into_o 6_o circuit_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n into_o 22_o episcopal_a diocese_n for_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o into_o 2_o archbishopric_n under_o who_o the_o rest_n be_v subordinate_a and_o last_o into_o 40_o shire_n over_o each_o of_o which_o be_v yearly_a a_o sheriff_n appoint_v who_o be_v to_o assist_v the_o itinerary_a judge_n in_o execute_v justice_n and_o to_o gather_v in_o the_o king_n amercement_n and_o these_o shire_n be_v divide_v into_o hundred_o and_o these_o hundred_o into_o tithing_n and_o to_o conclude_v in_o england_n be_v find_v 145_o castle_n 9527_o parish_n beside_o chapel_n whereof_o 585_o be_v market_n town_n and_o 22_o city_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v these_o 1._o oxford_n 2._o cambridge_n both_o be_v university_n 3._o exeter_z in_o devonshire_n 4._o norwich_n in_o norfolk_n 5._o bristol_n water_v by_o severn_n account_v the_o second_o for_o trade_n in_o this_o country_n 6._o york_n on_o the_o river_n ure_n account_v the_o second_o city_n for_o beauty_n and_o greatness_n in_o england_n and_o last_o london_n under_o which_o i_o will_v comprise_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o whole_a island_n chap._n cclxx._n of_o london_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o london_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o london_n the_o metropolis_n of_o england_n the_o prime_a city_n of_o trading_n this_o day_n in_o the_o world_n be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n thames_n which_o divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n her_o circuit_n may_v be_v 8_o mile_n wherein_o be_v find_v 122_o parish_n church_n with_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n the_o house_n of_o the_o nobility_n college_n for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n and_o divers_a other_o stately_a public_a edifice_n and_o may_v contain_v 400000_o people_n london_n merchant_n of_o london_n here_o have_v their_o residence_n the_o rich_a and_o most_o eminent_a merchant_n of_o this_o island_n who_o divers_a prince_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v incorporate_v into_o several_a society_n and_o company_n partly_o to_o encourage_v their_o endeavour_n and_o partly_o in_o reward_n of_o the_o discovery_n of_o those_o country_n and_o region_n whereof_o they_o take_v their_o name_n and_o by_o the_o power_n and_o immunity_n grant_v they_o do_v make_v act_n and_o order_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n in_o general_n and_o of_o their_o company_n in_o particular_a residence_n merchant_n adventurer_n and_o their_o original_a and_o place_n of_o residence_n the_o ancient_a of_o which_o company_n have_v have_v their_o original_a and_o continuance_n since_o edward_n i._o his_o reign_n call_v the_o company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n ground_v at_o first_o upon_o the_o exportation_n of_o wool_n only_o as_o the_o prime_n and_o staple_n commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n since_o which_o it_o be_v ground_v upon_o clothe_v into_o which_o this_o wool_n be_v now_o convert_v for_o he_o at_o the_o request_n and_o be_v in_o league_n with_o the_o city_n and_o town_n in_o flanders_n make_v bruges_n which_o be_v then_o the_o great_a mart_n of_o christendom_n the_o staple_n for_o his_o wool_n where_o it_o continue_v for_o 15_o year_n whenas_o by_o some_o discontent_n with_o the_o fleming_n and_o by_o experience_n see_v what_o the_o benefit_n of_o these_o staple_n be_v remove_v they_o from_o bruges_n to_o england_n and_o for_o the_o ease_n as_o well_o of_o his_o subject_n
weight_n and_o how_o they_o agree_v together_o and_o have_v calculate_v most_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o book_n to_o the_o hundred_o subtle_a i_o will_v also_o show_v here_o how_o the_o 112_o l._n be_v find_v to_o respound_v with_o some_o other_o country_n as_o be_v the_o weight_n common_a in_o use_n among_o merchant_n and_o in_o note_n of_o commodity_n observe_v abroad_o europa_n the_o 112_o l._n london_n marselia_n 125_o l._n venetia_n subtle_a 164_o l._n venetia_n gross_a 104_o l._n sicilia_n 62_o l._n lisbon_n 100_o l._n florence_n 143_o l._n anvers_n 106_o l._n lion_n 118_o l._n sevil_n 110_o l._n dantzick_n 129_o l._n bruges_n 112_o l._n asia_n africa_n the_o 112_o l._n london_n aleppo_n 22⅛_n rot._n aleppo_n silk_n 24_o rot._n tripoli_n suria_n 27½_n rot._n tripoli_n barbaria_n 97_o rot._n alexandria_n zata_n 519_o rot._n alexandria_n forfar_n 116_o rot._n scio_fw-la and_o constantinople_n 101_o rot._n rhodes_n 20._o 4_o rot._n acria_n 18._o 1_o rot._n babylonia_n 15._o 6_o m._n balsola_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ormus_n 108._o 7_o l._n i_o need_v not_o further_o enlarge_v myself_o herein_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o table_n find_v in_o this_o book_n whereby_o the_o say_a weight_n of_o 112_o l._n may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v to_o any_o eminent_a place_n of_o the_o world_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o our_o english_a gold_n and_o silver_n be_v weigh_v and_o value_v by_o the_o pound_n troy_n i_o shall_v here_o follow_v insert_v how_o the_o same_o concur_v and_o agree_v with_o most_o of_o the_o eminent_a city_n in_o the_o world_n in_o their_o coin_n both_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n country_n troy_n weight_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n compare_v with_o other_o country_n it_o be_v observe_v then_o in_o most_o country_n abroad_o as_o with_o we_o in_o england_n that_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v coin_v and_o mint_v by_o a_o peculiar_a weight_n only_o proper_a thereunto_o which_o in_o many_o great_a city_n and_o country_n of_o trade_n i_o have_v purposely_o omit_v that_o i_o may_v both_o facilitate_v this_o my_o labour_n and_o in_o one_o place_n reduce_v they_o together_o to_o the_o pound_n troy_n use_v especial_o to_o that_o purpose_n in_o england_n therefore_o if_o i_o prove_v here_o somewhat_o the_o large_a it_o be_v but_o what_o the_o seriousness_n and_o due_a circumstance_n of_o the_o matter_n require_v the_o weight_n then_o use_v in_o this_o case_n in_o england_n be_v the_o pound_n troy_n and_o that_o which_o be_v in_o use_n in_o most_o other_o country_n be_v the_o mark_n which_o as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v i_o will_v here_o abbreviate_v now_o this_o pound_n troy_n consist_v of_o 12_o ounce_n and_o the_o ounce_n of_o 20_o penny_n weight_n and_o the_o penny_n weight_n of_o 24_o grain_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o these_o abovesaid_a pound_n be_v use_v for_o the_o standard_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v in_o antwerp_n 112_o mark_n each_o mark_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 20_o penny_n weight_n 1_o peny_n weight_n 32_o grain_n alder_n 86_o l._n  _fw-fr cairo_n 105⅓_n bess_n  _fw-fr ancona_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr aquila_n 79½_n l._n  _fw-fr ausburg_n 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr bavaria_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr bohemia_n 99_o mark_n  _fw-fr catalonia_n 112½_n mark_n  _fw-fr colen_n 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr constantinople_n 99_o mark_n  _fw-fr crema_fw-la 116_o mark_n 1_o mark_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o gross_v 1_o gross_a be_v 3_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n dantzick_n 118½_n mark_n florence_n 158½_n mark_n frankford_n 118_o mark_n friburg_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr genoa_n for_o gold_n 130_o mark_n 1_o mark_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n 24_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n genoa_n for_o silver_n 86½_n pound_n 1_o pound_n be_v 12_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 24_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n hungary_n 99_o mark_n  _fw-fr lipsick_a 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr lion_n 126_o mark_n 1_o mark_n in_o france_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o gross_v 1_o gross_a be_v 3_o denier_n 1_o denier_n be_v 24_o grain_n paris_n idem_fw-la 126_o mark_n milan_n 118_o mark_n  _fw-fr narsigna_n 97_o mark_n  _fw-fr naples_n 86½_n pound_n 1_o pound_n naples_n be_v 12_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o octavos_fw-la persia_n 98_o mains_fw-fr  _fw-fr peris_fw-la 99½_n cillat_n  _fw-fr piedmont_n 111_o mark_n  _fw-fr mosen_n 118_o mark_n a_o mark_n of_o mesen_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 24_o denier_n 1_o denier_n or_o penny_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 24_o momenta_fw-la or_o grain_n saxony_n idem_fw-la 118_o mark_n burgas_n 120_o mark_n  _fw-fr franconia_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr norimberg_n 116_o mark_n 1_o mark_v norimberg_n be_v 16_o loot_n 1_o loot_z be_v 4_o quint_v 1_o quint_n be_v 4_o penny_n prime_n or_o numuly_n 1_o penny_n be_v 4_o sesterce_n turkey_n 98_o mark_n  _fw-fr turin_n 111_o mark_n  _fw-fr vicentia_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr vienna_n 98_o mark_n  _fw-fr new_a spain_n america_n 98½_n mark_n  _fw-fr spain_n in_o general_n 121_o mark_n 1_o mark_v spanish_n be_v 50_o castilianos_fw-la 1_o castiliano_fw-mi be_v 8_o tomines_n 1_o tominos_n be_v 8_o grain_n and_o this_o mark_n be_v 29700_o mark_n or_o 873½_n rial_n or_o 792_o ducat_n treviso_n 117_o mark_n  _fw-fr ulme_n 116_o mark_n  _fw-fr weselburg_n 115_o  _fw-fr venice_n 116½_n mark_n 1_o mark_v venice_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 4_o quart_n or_o silices_fw-la 1_o quarta_fw-la 36_o carrat_n or_o siliquas_fw-la 1_o carrot_fw-la be_v 4_o grain_n verona_n rome_n 116½_n mark_n 1_o mark_v roman_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o dram_n 1_o dram_n be_v 3_o scruple_n 1_o scruple_n be_v a_o obolos_fw-la 1_o obolo_fw-la be_v 3_o siliquas_fw-la 1_o siliqua_fw-la be_v 4_o grain_n or_o primi_fw-la lisbon_n 121_o mark_v 1_o mark_v portugal_n be_v 8_o ounce_n 1_o ounce_n be_v 8_o octavos_fw-la 1_o octavo_n be_v 4½_n grain_n these_o be_v all_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o coin_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n that_o i_o have_v meet_v withal_o and_o the_o particular_n whereto_o the_o say_v weight_n be_v distinguish_v which_o may_v be_v so_o far_o needful_a to_o the_o traffic_n of_o country_n that_o thereby_o every_o merchant_n stranger_n may_v know_v of_o what_o goodness_n and_o real_a value_n those_o coin_n be_v stamp_v and_o coin_v for_o and_o what_o the_o same_o will_v yield_v and_o afford_v he_o in_o his_o own_o city_n or_o place_n of_o residence_n part_n weight_n use_v in_o physic_n and_o their_o part_n upon_o this_o troy-weight_n do_v also_o depend_v in_o physic_n all_o drug_n and_o simple_n administer_v by_o way_n of_o potion_n which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v among_o physician_n be_v thus_o distinguish_v into_o part_n one_o sesquilibra_n be_v 1½_n pound_n or_o 18_o ounce_n one_o pound_n be_v 2_o selibra_fw-la or_o 12_o ounce_n one_o selibra_fw-la be_v 2_o quadrant_n or_o 6_o ounce_n one_o quadran_n be_v a_o ¼_n of_o a_o l._n or_o 3_o ounce_n one_o sescuntia_n be_v 1½_n ounce_n or_o 12_o dram_n one_o ounce_n be_v 8_o dram_n one_o dram_n be_v 3_o scruple_n or_o 60_o grain_n one_o scruple_n be_v 20_o grain_n one_o obolus_fw-la be_v ⅛_n of_o a_o scruple_n or_o 10_o grain_n sterling_a the_o reduction_n of_o some_o foreign_a current_a coin_n to_o the_o engl._n sterling_a now_o according_a to_o this_o agreement_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n i_o will_v here_o reduce_v the_o ralue_n of_o some_o foreign_a coin_n to_o the_o english_a sterling_a the_o crown_n of_o camera_n of_o rome_n be_v sterling_a 00_o l._n 07_o s._n 0_o d._n the_o sol_n of_o genoa_n be_v sterling_a 00_o 01_o 6._o the_o ducat_n of_o venice_n of_o 6_o l._n 4_o sols_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 04_o 6._o the_o ducat_n of_o naples_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 04_o 9_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n of_o florence_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 06_o 0_o the_o 20_o sol_n of_o milan_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 01_o 0._o the_o carlin_n of_o cicilia_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 3._o the_o solemnize_n of_o gross_a of_o antwerp_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 7¼_n the_o lyre_n of_o valentia_n barselona_n and_o saragosa_n be_v  _fw-fr 05_o 6._o the_o lyre_n or_o frank_n of_o france_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 02_o 0._o the_o florin_n of_o turin_n and_o savoy_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 3⅜_n the_o 34_o marvede_n or_o single_a royal_a of_o spain_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 06_o 0._o the_o 40_o res_fw-it of_o lisbon_n in_o portugal_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 00_o 6._o the_o lyre_n of_o bologna_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 01_o 3½_n the_o crown_n of_o lucca_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 05_o 9_o the_o florin_n of_o noremberg_n and_o frankford_n sterling_a  _fw-fr 3_o 4._o the_o chequin_n of_o turkey_n be_v sterling_a  _fw-fr 7_o 10._o where_o note_n that_o in_o europe_n the_o exchange_n ever_o make_v the_o
6½_n quar_fw-la 64_o l._n 23_o &_o 26_o yard_n all_o sort_v clothes_n of_o divers_a shire_n of_o 6½_n quar_fw-la 60_o l._n 24_o &_o 26_o yard_n broadcloth_n taunton_n bridgwater_n and_o dun_v 7_o quar_fw-la 30_o l._n 12_o &_o 13_o yard_n broad_o and_o narrow_a of_o yorkshire_n of_o 4_o quar_fw-la 30_o l._n 24_o &_o 25._o  _fw-fr devonshire_n kersey_n and_o dossen_n of_o 4_o quar_fw-la 13_o l._n 12_o &_o 13._o  _fw-fr check_n kersey_n straight_o and_o plain_a gray_n 4_o quar_fw-la 24_o l._n 17_o &_o 18._o  _fw-fr ordinary_a penisten_v or_o forest_n 5½_n quar_fw-la 28_o l._n 12_o &_o 13._o  _fw-fr sort_v peniston_n of_o 6½_n quar_fw-la 35_o l._n 13_o &_o 14._o  _fw-fr washer_n of_o lancashire_n and_o other_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 17_o l._n 17_o &_o 18._o  _fw-fr england_n tin_n in_o england_n see_v further_o the_o say_a statute_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v of_o all_o the_o say_v woollen_a clothes_n and_o order_n for_o workman_n with_o the_o view_n search_a and_o all_o other_o needful_a circumstance_n there_o and_o thereunto_o belong_v for_o further_a direction_n whereto_o i_o refer_v you_o as_o for_o tin_n which_o be_v also_o one_o of_o the_o staple_n commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n many_o good_a order_n be_v enact_v for_o the_o true_a cast_n and_o assay_v thereof_o and_o be_v account_v as_o the_o prince_n peculiar_a commodity_n farm_a to_o certain_a merchant_n who_o have_v the_o sole_a preemption_n thereof_o and_o thereto_o belong_v a_o peculiar_a weight_n call_v the_o stannery_n weight_n the_o hundred_o thereof_o make_v 120_o l._n subtle_a averdupois_n as_o i_o say_v before_o england_n lead_v in_o england_n lead_n be_v also_o one_o of_o the_o staple_n of_o this_o island_n know_v throughout_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v in_o england_n sell_v likewise_o by_o a_o particular_a weight_n call_v the_o fodder_n which_o be_v 19½_n hundred_o of_o 112_o l._n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o make_v subtle_a pound_n 2184_o l._n for_o other_o the_o staple_n commodity_n of_o england_n i_o need_v not_o further_o insist_v refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o search_n of_o the_o inquisitor_n at_o his_o own_o leisure_n i_o have_v already_o note_v that_o sundry_a commodity_n be_v in_o england_n weigh_v and_o measure_v by_o sundry_a and_o distinct_a weight_n and_o measure_n the_o principal_a thereof_o be_v of_o silver_n and_o gold_n i_o have_v already_o show_v the_o standard_n of_o our_o english_a coin_n and_o show_v how_o the_o same_o agree_v with_o other_o place_n then_o of_o salt_n wine_n and_o corn_n which_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o mean_v here_o to_o show_v and_o withal_o demonstrate_v how_o the_o same_o hold_v correspondency_n with_o other_o country_n which_o in_o the_o most_o city_n i_o have_v omit_v as_o purposely_o intend_v here_o to_o be_v insert_v by_o itself_o as_o reduce_v all_o other_o to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n country_n corn_n measure_n with_o other_o country_n corn_n then_o as_o the_o most_o necessary_a commodity_n be_v sell_v as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o in_o england_n by_o the_o quarter_n account_v 5_o quarter_n for_o one_o tun_n lade_v ordinary_o though_o otherwise_o 10¼_n quarter_n be_v a_o last_o of_o corn_n and_o this_o last_o than_o of_o corn_n do_v make_v in_o embden_n 55_o werpes_n whereof_o 61_o make_v a_o last_o there_o or_o 15½_n barrel_n of_o 4_o werpes_n in_o hamburg_n 83_o schepel_v whereof_o 90_o make_v a_o last_o there_o in_o lubeck_n 85_o schepel_v whereof_o 96_o make_v a_o last_o in_o dantzick_n 56_o schepel_v whereof_o 60_o there_o make_v a_o last_o the_o 4_o schepel_v make_v one_o muid_n which_o be_v the_o the_o skip-pound_n of_o 340_o l._n in_o fameran_n 78_o schepel_v whereof_o 96_o to_o the_o last_o in_o haleger_n haven_n in_o denmark_n 80_o schepeli_n 96_o to_o the_o last_o in_o copenhagen_n 23_o small_a barrel_n whereof_o 16_o to_o the_o last_o in_o ebbetroffe_n danick_n 23_o barrel_n whereof_o 36_o to_o the_o last_o in_o nelbogge_n 23_o barrel_n whereof_o 42_o to_o the_o last_o in_o sweden_n 23_o barrel_n in_o conixburg_n 6_o 7_o of_o a_o last_o the_o 6_o last_o be_v 7_o at_o amsterdam_n in_o milan_n 17_o 21_o of_o a_o last_o in_o statin_n in_o pomerland_n 6_o 7_o of_o a_o last_o in_o riga_n 42_o loop_n in_o antwerp_n 37½_n vertules_fw-la in_o brussels_n 10½_n mudden_a and_o differ_v in_o all_o place_n in_o brabant_n in_o gant_n 4_o mud_n 7_o halster_n of_o 12_o to_o 1_o mud_n be_v 55_o halster_n in_o bruges_n 7½_n hoot_v in_o bunkirk_n 18_o raisere_fw-la water_n measure_n in_o middleburg_n 40_o sack_n be_v 41½_n to_o the_o last_o in_o all_o holland_n in_o dort_n 28_o sack_n in_o rotterdam_n and_o delf_n 87_o achteling_n in_o schoon_n haven_n 88_o achteling_n in_o erchusen_n horn_n medenblick_a 42_o sack_n in_o groeningen_n 33_o mud_n in_o tenel_n 58_o loop_n in_o calais_n 18_o rasier_n in_o rover_n 20_o to_o 30_o mine_n every_o mine_n be_v 4_o bushel_n in_o rachel_n 128_o bushel_n 4_o to_o every_o sesty_a in_o bourdeaux_n 38_o boiseaux_fw-fr whereof_o 33_o to_o the_o last_o in_o sevil_n 54_o hanegas_fw-la a_o last_o be_v 4_o cahis_n of_o 12_o haneg_v as_o in_o lisbon_n 225_o alquiere_n whereof_o 240_o to_o the_o last_o or_o 4_o moyo_n of_o 60_o alquier_n to_o the_o moyo_n and_o so_o in_o all_o the_o island_n of_o portugal_n in_o venice_n 32_o stair_n in_o genova_n 23½_n minas_fw-la in_o sicilia_n 38_o medinos_fw-mi of_o 6_o moyo_n in_o paglia_n 32_o cara_fw-it 36_o timans_fw-la in_o cyprus_n 40_o medinos_fw-mi of_o 2_o cipros_fw-la in_o amsterdam_n a_o last_o and_o it_o be_v observable_a here_o that_o corn_n be_v find_v so_o far_o to_o differ_v in_o goodness_n that_o the_o measure_n of_o this_o place_n will_v weigh_v of_o east-land_n wheat_n 156_o l._n of_o french_a wheat_n 180_o l._n of_o suilia_n wheat_n 224_o l._n and_o of_o africa_n 236_o l._n and_o this_o last_o of_o amsterdam_n be_v 27_o moyo_n or_o mudden_n each_o mudden_a be_v 4_o schepel_v or_o every_o last_o be_v 29_o sack_n and_o each_o sack_n 3_o achteling_n so_o that_o a_o last_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v 108_o schepel_v for_o 87_o achteling_n place_n measure_n of_o salt_n compare_v with_o other_o place_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o salt_n be_v not_o a_o native_a commodity_n of_o our_o country_n we_o must_v borrow_v the_o original_a of_o the_o measure_n thereof_o from_o those_o place_n which_o produce_v the_o great_a quantity_n or_o from_o those_o city_n which_o hold_v the_o principal_a staple_n thereof_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a than_o we_o bring_v it_o to_o though_o great_a hundred_o of_o zealand_n which_o be_v account_v for_o 4_o small_a hundred_o and_o because_o it_o be_v best_o know_v in_o all_o place_n they_o measure_v their_o salt_n with_o barrel_n 18_o barrel_n to_o a_o last_o and_o 7_o last_o to_o the_o bâ—…drea_fw-mi which_o be_v 126_o barrel_n in_o armuyden_n in_o zealand_n they_o reckon_v 8â—_n weigh_v for_o one_o hundred_o every_o weigh_v be_v 11½_n sack_n every_o sack_n 4_o measure_n and_o 15_o weigh_v of_o browage_n salt_n make_v the_o great_a hundred_o the_o sack_n of_o salt_n of_o armuyden_n be_v 122_o small_a barrel_n for_o the_o 122_o sack_n shall_v be_v my_o computation_n and_o it_o make_v in_o â—rewâ—ge_n 4_o 7_o part_n of_o one_o hundred_o of_o 28_o moyo_n and_o 12_o sack_n to_o the_o moyo_n also_o by_o charge_n or_o load_n ten_o load_n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o 48_o moyo_n or_o moys_fw-fr to_o the_o last_o of_o 21_o barrel_n in_o lisbon_n 25_o moyo_n in_o sâ—_n mary_n port_n 28_o moyos_fw-la in_o saintubal_n 20_o cay_n in_o calis_n 22_o cay_n in_o saintlucar_n 21_o cay_n in_o gant_n 108_o sack_n or_o barrel_n in_o antwerp_n 144_o vertel_n of_o 24_o to_o the_o last_o and_o 6_o last_o to_o the_o hundred_o and_o the_o white_a salt_n be_v measure_v with_o a_o lesser_a measure_n of_o 12_o upon_o 100_o in_o dunkirk_n 92_o water_n measure_n or_o 104_o land_n measure_n in_o ostend_n 98_o measure_n in_o dam_n and_o axiel_n 102_o measure_n in_o bruges_n 104_o measure_n in_o ypres_n 144_o measure_n in_o rotterdam_n 100_o whereof_o 6_o make_v 1_o mud_n of_o 18_o to_o the_o 100_o in_o amsterdam_n utrecht_n druenter_v 102_o schepel_v in_o calais_n 130_o barrel_n 19_o to_o the_o last_o but_o 20_o by_o freight_a in_o roven_n and_o almost_o all_o france_n 6½_n muy_v in_o hamburgh_n 7_o last_n whereof_o 80_o barrel_n make_v 100_o in_o denmark_n 6_o â—_o last_v in_o sweden_n 111_o tun_n or_o barrel_n 16_o to_o the_o last_o in_o emden_n 100_o barrel_n 14_o to_o the_o last_o in_o lubeck_n 7_o last_n of_o 18_o barrel_n in_o london_n 7½_n last_v of_o 18_o herring-barrel_n but_o by_o weight_n 11½_n in_o venice_n and_o prian_n 70_o mose_n place_n measure_n of_o sea-coal_n compare_v with_o â—other_a place_n pit-coal_n be_v a_o commodity_n peculiar_a
current_a advice_n of_o those_o place_n to_o conclude_v then_o by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v be_v clear_o discern_v the_o present_a height_n and_o amplitude_n of_o our_o english_a commerce_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o england_n navigation_n the_o continuation_n whereof_o my_o devotion_n shall_v ever_o second_v and_o my_o prayer_n shall_v be_v that_o neither_o our_o feign_a friend_n nor_o yet_o our_o froward_a foe_n may_v ever_o have_v just_a cause_n to_o rejoice_v at_o the_o decrease_v nor_o least_o diminution_n thereof_o have_v thus_o happy_o end_v my_o peregrination_n and_o draw_v out_o the_o utmost_a bound_n and_o limit_n of_o this_o my_o map_n of_o commerce_n and_o conclude_v there_o the_o manner_n and_o matter_n of_o the_o general_a and_o particular_a traffic_n of_o most_o of_o the_o eminent_a city_n and_o country_n of_o the_o world_n i_o will_v now_o cast_v anchor_n and_o finish_v in_o this_o place_n my_o voyage_n till_o the_o next_o fair_a gale_n offer_v and_o present_v itself_o to_o embark_v my_o time_n and_o pen_n in_o the_o survey_n and_o calculation_n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o europe_n as_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v see_v practise_v among_o the_o merchant_n of_o christendom_n finis_fw-la exchange_n chap._n cclxxiv_o of_o exchange_n in_o general_a and_o of_o the_o method_n and_o manner_n thereof_o and_o how_o calculate_v in_o any_o place_n in_o christendom_n general_n exchange_n in_o general_n i_o have_v in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n show_v that_o to_o make_v this_o treatise_n absolute_a and_o complete_a the_o method_n and_o manner_n how_o all_o exchange_n be_v frame_v and_o calculate_v be_v perfect_o to_o be_v know_v and_o learn_v and_o there_o also_o declare_v the_o necessity_n of_o this_o knowledge_n with_o all_o circumstance_n depend_v thereupon_o now_o by_o reason_n that_o i_o have_v in_o all_o the_o aforementioned_a city_n of_o this_o map_n wherein_o either_o custom_n time_n or_o commodiousness_n of_o trade_n exchange_n of_o money_n have_v be_v settle_v and_o where_o the_o say_v exchange_n be_v daily_o use_v and_o practise_v omit_v the_o form_n manner_n and_o calculation_n thereof_o together_o with_o all_o the_o particular_a circumstance_n requisite_a and_o necessary_a to_o the_o explanation_n of_o this_o mystery_n of_o exchange_v i_o have_v in_o this_o place_n think_v good_a to_o allot_v iâ—_n as_o worthy_o merit_v a_o peculiar_a discourse_n at_o large_a by_o itself_o which_o here_o i_o conceive_v it_o most_o proper_a to_o be_v insert_v and_o because_o that_o my_o experience_n in_o the_o exactness_n require_v may_v not_o be_v peradventure_o sufficient_a to_o lead_v i_o through_o in_o every_o particular_a point_n and_o needful_a circumstance_n i_o have_v therefore_o judge_v it_o no_o blemish_n to_o my_o knowledge_n to_o be_v instruct_v by_o those_o excellent_a and_o judicious_a banker_n geo._n baptista_n zucetta_n a_o merchant_n of_o genova_n and_o claudio_n boiero_n a_o merchant_n of_o lion_n who_o endeavour_n herein_o be_v worthy_a commendation_n and_o who_o laborious_a precedent_n and_o precede_a labour_n where_o i_o find_v myself_o defective_a in_o this_o task_n and_o labyrinth_n i_o willing_o follow_v exchange_n what_o be_v place_n of_o exchange_n place_n in_o use_n and_o those_o as_o be_v apt_a for_o exchange_n be_v such_o where_o merchant_n in_o some_o fit_a and_o competent_a number_n do_v meet_v and_o be_v assemble_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o behoof_n of_o trade_n and_o negatintion_n which_o at_o this_o present_a day_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v many_o yet_o withal_o be_v note_v not_o to_o be_v so_o firm_o settle_v but_o that_o the_o same_o admit_v sometime_o a_o alteration_n and_o change_n vary_v according_a as_o the_o due_a occasion_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o that_o place_n require_v either_o by_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n there_o or_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o another_o place_n more_o fit_a and_o proper_a thereunto_o exchange_n some_o city_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o exchange_n some_o place_n again_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v if_o i_o may_v so_o term_v it_o the_o staple_n of_o exchange_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o have_v their_o dependence_n upon_o the_o exchange_n of_o other_o place_n and_o which_o else_o be_v not_o find_v to_o comprehend_v any_o other_o manner_n of_o traffic_n have_v only_o certain_a time_n or_o fair_n settle_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o exchanger_n in_o which_o and_o to_o which_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v either_o date_v expire_v or_o renew_v in_o which_o nature_n and_o of_o which_o sort_n placentia_n be_v account_v the_o most_o notable_a for_o all_o italy_n and_o other_o place_n where_o indeed_o exchange_n be_v find_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o be_v yet_o acknowledge_v its_o real_a existence_n from_o other_o place_n and_o city_n besansin_n in_o burgundy_n spossa_n in_o the_o river_n of_o genova_n camberay_n in_o piedmont_n and_o some_o other_o be_v in_o former_a time_n observe_v to_o be_v of_o this_o kind_n who_o exchange_n do_v total_o depend_v upon_o the_o partidos_n of_o exchange_n make_v in_o other_o country_n and_o these_o sometime_o of_o such_o as_o have_v the_o same_o concordancy_n in_o the_o current_a coin_n of_o the_o exchange_n and_o sometime_o a_o discrepancy_n other_o the_o exchange_n of_o some_o city_n depend_v upon_o the_o exchange_n of_o some_o other_o and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o other_o city_n where_o no_o set_a exchange_n be_v sound_a sometime_o challenge_v by_o the_o necessity_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n a_o course_n of_o exchange_v with_o these_o or_o the_o like_a place_n and_o yet_o have_v none_o settle_v therein_o then_o and_o in_o such_o case_n be_v it_o see_v that_o the_o metropolis_n or_o principal_a city_n of_o these_o country_n prescribe_v both_o the_o rule_n rate_v and_o condition_n thereto_o as_o if_o vicentia_n verona_n or_o milan_n will_v frame_v a_o exchange_n with_o placentia_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o rate_n of_o venice_n in_o which_o estate_n these_o say_a place_n be_v sound_a to_o be_v and_o who_o have_v their_o money_n of_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o goodness_n and_o value_n give_v the_o rule_n rate_v and_o condition_n thereto_o so_o in_o pavia_n como_n and_o other_o town_n in_o england_n as_o in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n the_o principal_a of_o that_o island_n so_o have_v the_o city_n of_o france_n their_o rule_n from_o lion_n all_o place_n of_o flanders_n from_o antwerp_n and_o so_o have_v the_o like_a in_o other_o place_n and_o country_n exchange_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o exchange_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o exchange_n be_v not_o find_v current_n in_o all_o place_n exchanger_n banker_n and_o merchant_n have_v settle_v a_o common_a course_n of_o euchang_v in_o some_o certain_a particular_a and_o principal_a place_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o these_o day_n chief_o to_o be_v these_o for_o italy_n 13._o rome_n genand_n milan_n naples_n barry_n messina_n bologna_n venice_n florence_n lucca_n lechy_a palermo_n bergamo_n etc._n etc._n for_o france_n 3_o paris_n lion_n roven_n etc._n etc._n for_o spain_n 6._o valencia_n barcelona_n alcala_n saragosa_n sevil._n medina_n del_fw-it campo_n for_o portugal_n lisbon_n only_o for_o flanders_n antwerp_n only_o for_o england_n london_n only_o for_o germany_n 5._o vienna_n neremberg_n colonia_n augusta_n frankfort_n etc._n etc._n beside_o which_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n be_v observe_v to_o have_v a_o exchange_n current_n but_o by_o reason_n that_o in_o most_o of_o the_o principal_a point_n they_o have_v a_o dependency_n upon_o some_o of_o these_o and_o a_o concordance_n with_o they_o they_o be_v by_o most_o author_n neglect_v and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v by_o i_o here_o whole_o omit_v etc._n many_o city_n practice_n exchange_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o money_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v considerable_a that_o many_o of_o these_o beforementioned_a city_n be_v find_v to_o practice_v their_o exchange_n in_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a money_n coin_n and_o denomination_n as_o do_v lachy_n and_o barry_n which_o be_v include_v in_o naples_n as_o naples_n itself_o palermo_n and_o messina_n comprehend_v in_o sicilia_n valencia_n saragosa_n and_o barcelona_n in_o catalonia_n sevil_n alcala_n and_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n in_o castilia_n frankfort_n noremberg_n colonia_n and_o augusta_n in_o germany_n and_o some_o other_o etc._n what_o exchange_n be_v etc._n etc._n what_o thing_n this_o exchange_v be_v proper_o in_o itself_o find_v to_o be_v as_o also_o what_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v and_o the_o due_a ceremony_n and_o strict_a rule_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o commodiousness_n necessity_n and_o first_o real_a intent_n of_o the_o same_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o 10_o chapter_n which_o brief_o here_o may_v not_o unproper_o be_v define_v by_o the_o word_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v apt_o express_v in_o our_o english_a
tongue_n which_o extend_v itself_o into_o two_o part_n 1._o a_o exchange_v of_o one_o sort_n of_o money_n for_o another_o and_o 2._o a_o exchange_v from_o one_o city_n or_o country_n to_o another_o exchange_n rate_n term_n fair_n and_o usance_n of_o exchange_n in_o which_o be_v also_o considerable_a both_o a_o rate_n and_o term_n wherein_o and_o whereby_o this_o be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n which_o be_v principal_o perform_v by_o certain_a fair_n or_o usance_n accustom_v in_o the_o art_n of_o exchange_v and_o which_o be_v set_v down_o by_o merchant_n banker_n and_o exchanger_n at_o their_o assembly_n and_o meeting_n in_o a_o fair_a and_o regular_a order_n by_o a_o certain_a course_n of_o justice_n and_o by_o peculiar_a law_n and_o ordinance_n among_o themselves_o both_o which_o fair_n and_o the_o rate_n and_o term_n thereof_o have_v a_o constant_a expiration_n within_o certain_a month_n as_o the_o usance_n have_v that_o be_v likewise_o include_v within_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o say_a fair_n which_o be_v find_v to_o end_v within_o certain_a prefix_a day_n according_a to_o the_o receive_a custom_n of_o those_o two_o city_n wherein_o the_o say_v exchange_n be_v find_v mutual_o and_o respective_o to_o be_v settle_v and_o place_v thereof_o what_o be_v observe_v in_o exchange_v in_o the_o usual_a manner_n thereof_o moreover_o in_o the_o practice_n of_o exchange_v banker_n and_o exchanger_n be_v find_v to_o observe_v this_o custom_n among_o themselves_o in_o the_o usual_a manner_n of_o exchange_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o that_o be_v one_o propound_v his_o money_n in_o a_o whole_a number_n or_o denomination_n and_o the_o other_o consequent_o and_o necessary_o in_o a_o fraction_n break_a number_n or_o lesser_a denomination_n in_o which_o contract_n or_o bargain_n it_o be_v imagine_v that_o these_o two_o either_o person_n or_o place_n will_v negotiate_v one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o thing_n so_o that_o the_o one_o will_v be_v the_o seller_n and_o the_o other_o the_o buyer_n thereof_o to_o perform_v which_o it_o be_v questionless_a needful_a that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o thing_n make_v the_o rate_n and_o price_n the_o which_o shall_v happen_v without_o any_o contract_n or_o difference_n of_o much_o or_o little_a and_o as_o it_o chance_v in_o the_o sale_n of_o any_o commodity_n so_o fall_v it_o out_o by_o the_o exchange_n of_o money_n for_o of_o the_o two_o place_n that_o will_v exchange_v the_o one_o propound_v a_o gross_a sum_n and_o the_o other_o the_o condition_n and_o price_n in_o a_o lesser_a sum_n which_o may_v admit_v either_o a_o increase_n or_o decrease_v in_o estimation_n or_o value_n according_a as_o they_o fall_v to_o agreement_n upon_o the_o lesser_a or_o great_a esteem_n of_o the_o say_a sum_n propound_v the_o use_n of_o which_o be_v exemplify_v thus_o example_n example_n if_o placmtia_n will_v exchange_v with_o any_o other_o place_n the_o say_a placentia_n or_o as_o exchanger_n term_v it_o the_o say_v fair_a or_o fiera_n propound_v and_o give_v always_o the_o entire_a sum_n or_o great_a denomination_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o other_o that_o will_v exchange_v therewith_o give_v the_o other_o which_o be_v the_o lesser_a denomination_n this_o sum_n which_o i_o thus_o term_v a_o entire_a or_o whole_a denomination_n fall_v in_o some_o place_n to_o be_v sometime_o one_o crown_n and_o in_o other_o place_n sometime_o 100_o crown_n florin_n or_o ducat_n the_o same_o be_v likewise_o find_v to_o be_v practise_v between_o any_o two_o place_n exchange_v for_o each_o place_n give_v either_o a_o denomination_n entire_a of_o one_o to_o another_o or_o of_o one_o hundred_o to_o another_o hundred_o or_o else_o of_o a_o lesser_a dividend_n than_o one_o or_o than_o one_o hundred_o which_o i_o here_o term_v the_o fraction_n break_a number_n or_o small_a denomination_n as_o shall_v be_v more_o plain_o express_v in_o the_o calculate_v table_n follow_v fraction_n what_o a_o entire_a sum_n in_o exchange_n be_v and_o what_o a_o break_a number_n or_o fraction_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o money_n which_o be_v thus_o give_v as_o entire_a or_o whole_a sum_n viz._n one_o or_o one_o hundred_o these_o be_v either_o find_v to_o be_v crown_n ducat_n pound_n florin_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o receive_a quality_n of_o the_o gross_a and_o whole_a money_n which_o that_o place_n be_v find_v to_o have_v current_n that_o will_v give_v so_o in_o like_a manner_n it_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o small_a or_o lesser_a denomination_n in_o the_o place_n that_o will_v take_v which_o in_o themselves_o be_v also_o various_a and_o consequent_o of_o divers_a sort_n as_o penny_n sols_n denier_n &c_n &c_n as_o shall_v also_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a table_n judicious_a liberty_n of_o exchange_v to_o the_o judicious_a and_o though_o it_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v the_o custom_n that_o one_o place_n give_v a_o exchange_n in_o gross_a money_n and_o another_o place_n in_o small_a as_o be_v before_o relate_v and_o that_o this_o gross_a and_o small_a money_n must_v be_v of_o such_o or_o such_o a_o quality_n and_o kind_n this_o observation_n and_o rule_n prescribe_v notwithstanding_o be_v not_o always_o necessary_a but_o that_o exchanger_n may_v though_o i_o confess_v it_o be_v seldom_o see_v at_o their_o pleasure_n propound_v the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o differ_v or_o contrary_a hereunto_o and_o that_o the_o wise_a and_o judicious_a exchanger_n may_v for_o his_o profit_n ease_n or_o commodity_n propound_v his_o own_o intention_n and_o thereby_o if_o he_o can_v obtain_v a_o beneficial_a bargain_n or_o issue_n according_a to_o his_o design_n and_o plot._n as_o for_o example_n exchange_v ignorant_n exchanger_n censure_v the_o judicious_a of_o vary_v from_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_v if_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v that_o exchange_n may_v be_v make_v in_o a_o method_n differ_v from_o this_o or_o the_o common_a rule_n or_o contrary_a to_o that_o way_n that_o have_v be_v receive_v and_o take_v some_o will_v soon_o censure_v he_o of_o folly_n that_o shall_v be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o conceive_v such_o a_o one_o to_o be_v little_o verse_v in_o exchange_a affair_n that_o shall_v either_o propound_v or_o seek_v to_o perform_v such_o a_o thing_n but_o yet_o no_o great_a heed_n be_v to_o be_v take_v to_o the_o raw_a conceit_n and_o childish_a opinion_n of_o such_o self-willed_a merâ—…nts_n which_o may_v for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v say_v to_o be_v either_o drench_v in_o ignorance_n or_o drown_v in_o carry_v because_o that_o a_o skilful_a merchant_n may_v as_o i_o have_v allege_v frame_v his_o exchange_n as_o he_o see_v good_a and_o to_o his_o own_o commodity_n the_o which_o very_o oftentimes_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v do_v by_o other_o and_o practise_v daily_o by_o those_o of_o this_o city_n of_o excellent_a judgement_n example_n example_n in_o example_n whereof_o posito_fw-la i_o will_v exchange_v genova_n with_o naples_n between_o which_o two_o place_n the_o use_n and_o custom_n be_v that_o genova_n give_v the_o entire_a sum_n or_o great_a denomination_n which_o be_v the_o crown_n of_o gold_n for_o the_o which_o naples_n give_v the_o grain_n 135_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o i_o demand_v why_o may_v not_o genova_n give_v that_o whole_a sum_n which_o be_v the_o crown_n of_o 4_o livre_n as_o it_o be_v accustom_v to_o give_v with_o other_o place_n and_o estimate_v the_o same_o by_o 120_o grain_n naples_n and_o thereby_o the_o exchange_n will_v prove_v to_o be_v equal_a with_o the_o first_o manner_n before_o mention_v and_o further_o why_o may_v not_o the_o contrary_n be_v practise_v naples_n give_v the_o whole_a denomination_n which_o may_v be_v decat_n one_o for_o sold._n 66_o 8_o d._n and_o so_o vary_v in_o as_o many_o form_n as_o they_o please_v wherein_o i_o confess_v i_o never_o yet_o find_v any_o exchange_n make_v neither_o do_v know_v any_o true_a reason_n that_o the_o common_a cuâ—…oms_n shall_v be_v alter_v though_o i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o note_v the_o same_o here_o that_o each_o know_a merchant_n may_v bold_o use_v which_o he_o please_v for_o to_o he_o that_o true_o understand_v the_o value_n and_o course_n of_o both_o the_o place_n exchange_v there_o will_v appear_v no_o difficulty_n therein_o and_o i_o wish_v that_o those_o which_o know_v no_o other_o way_n but_o their_o own_o content_v themselves_o within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o own_o manner_n and_o understanding_n and_o suffer_v other_o of_o better_a judgement_n without_o their_o censure_n to_o follow_v their_o own_o when_o it_o be_v to_o their_o benefit_n or_o commodity_n chap._n cclxxv_o the_o declaration_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n follow_v exchange_n declaration_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n the_o table_n of_o exchange_n of_o the_o city_n here_o follow_v be_v form_v and_o dispose_v in_o this_o nature_n first_o in_o the_o front_n thereof_o there_o be_v place_v the_o name_n of_o the_o town_n or_o
city_n exchange_v and_o in_o what_o region_n or_o country_n seat_v second_o the_o manner_n and_o method_n wherein_o the_o account_n in_o that_o city_n be_v keep_v by_o exchanger_n three_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o money_n in_o use_n be_v observe_v and_o in_o what_o coin_n imaginary_a or_o real_a that_o city_n be_v accustom_v to_o make_v its_o exchange_n with_o the_o other_o there_o mention_v four_o underneath_o that_o be_v orderly_o set_v down_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o other_o place_n the_o which_o by_o a_o line_n be_v find_v to_o be_v join_v and_o knit_v together_o and_o last_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o line_n be_v write_v the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n and_o city_n itself_o for_o which_o the_o say_a table_n in_o the_o say_a leaf_n be_v make_v as_o for_o example_n in_o the_o first_o leaf_n which_o be_v for_o placentia_n in_o italy_n where_o beside_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o be_v find_v these_o word_n placentia_n exchange_v with_o the_o which_o word_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o including_z line_n draw_v from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a have_v reference_n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o other_o place_n which_o be_v so_o include_v together_o so_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o that_o placentia_n exchange_v with_o lion_n placentia_n exchange_v with_o reâ—e_n with_o genova_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o in_o the_o rest_n from_o one_o to_o another_o next_o to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o say_a name_n of_o place_n follow_v the_o species_n or_o money_n exchange_v either_o by_o a_o entire_a and_o whole_a sum_n or_o by_o a_o break_a and_o lesser_a denomination_n which_o the_o place_n in_o the_o table_n give_v in_o exchange_n by_o proportion_n with_o the_o other_o to_o who_o name_n the_o say_a money_n be_v place_v and_o put_v unto_o as_o to_o say_v placentia_n exchange_v with_o lion_n 100_o crown_n that_o be_v understand_v that_o in_o exchange_v between_o placentia_n and_o lion_n 100_o crown_n of_o placentia_n be_v suppose_v and_o put_v by_o a_o equivalency_n or_o in_o value_n to_o that_o quantity_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v note_v in_o lion_n follow_v as_o in_o the_o say_a example_n placentia_n exchange_v with_o lion_n crown_n 100_o for_o crown_n 97¾_n so_o likewise_o be_v it_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o in_o the_o say_a exchange_n that_o for_o every_o 100_o crown_n of_o placentia_n or_o of_o fiera_n or_o of_o mark_n it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v as_o lion_n counter-payeth_a or_o give_v 97¾_n of_o his_o crown_n that_o be_v of_o the_o sun_n also_o placentia_n exchange_v with_o genova_n crown_n 1._o for_o sol._n 67._o 10_o d._n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o placentia_n exchange_v with_o genova_n it_o give_v or_o as_o i_o say_v before_o it_o sell_v crownâ—_n of_o mark_n to_o have_v in_o genova_n sol._n 67._o 10_o d._n of_o gold_n and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o say_a place_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v lessen_v though_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n differ_v from_o the_o present_a rate_n yet_o the_o use_n thereof_o be_v not_o any_o way_n lessen_v and_o whereas_o the_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o these_o exchange_n may_v here_o be_v sound_a to_o disagree_v from_o the_o current_a rate_n of_o the_o same_o in_o sundry_a place_n as_o at_o this_o very_a day_n and_o time_n yet_o that_o can_v take_v away_o the_o benefit_n that_o may_v redound_v to_o merchant_n by_o the_o use_n thereof_o nor_o prejudice_v the_o labour_n or_o judgement_n of_o he_o that_o calculate_v the_o say_a table_n because_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o rate_n of_o exchange_n do_v hourly_o differ_v and_o the_o money_n also_o be_v find_v to_o rise_v and_o fall_v daily_o in_o sundry_a place_n upon_o which_o these_o exchange_n have_v their_o ground_n work_v and_o foundation_n and_o though_o a_o table_n be_v calculate_v precise_o to_o this_o present_a day_n and_o time_n yet_o ever_o the_o same_o can_v be_v publish_v it_o will_v find_v a_o disagreement_n in_o divers_a place_n chap._n cclxxvi_o the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n example_n the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n by_o three_o example_n the_o method_n be_v thus_o understand_v the_o use_n thereof_o be_v easy_o comprehend_v which_o by_o three_o example_n i_o shall_v illustrate_v and_o make_v plain_a where_o by_o the_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o exchange_v of_o any_o sum_n of_o money_n whatsoever_o the_o rate_n mention_v in_o this_o table_n be_v not_o observable_a save_v only_o for_o the_o example_n sake_n and_o for_o instruction_n in_o the_o contract_n that_o may_v be_v make_v thereupon_o but_o the_o rate_v agree_v upon_o and_o by_o which_o the_o exchange_n be_v condition_v by_o both_o the_o giver_n and_o taker_n be_v the_o true_a and_o firm_a rule_n whereby_o the_o question_n be_v to_o be_v wrought_v example_n first_o example_n notwithstanding_o for_o the_o first_o example_n we_o will_v propound_v a_o question_n by_o a_o contract_a price_n according_a to_o the_o current_a rate_n mention_v in_o this_o say_a table_n and_o that_o from_o naples_n a_o merchant_n will_v exchange_v ducat_n 738._o 4._o 10._o with_o placentia_n and_o the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n shuâ—_n be_v that_o which_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o table_n of_o naples_n with_o the_o town_n of_o placentia_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o naples_n exchange_v with_o placentia_n at_o grain_n 133_o for_o a_o crown_n by_o these_o three_o number_n in_o the_o table_n mention_v i_o work_v thus_o then_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o thres_n say_v if_o 133_o grain_n give_v 1_o crown_n how_o many_o do_v 738_o ducat_n 4._o 10._o give_v and_o work_v arithmetical_o according_a to_o the_o say_a rule_n it_o make_v 555_o crown_n 11._o 3._o of_o mark_n in_o credit_n to_o be_v give_v in_o â—…era_n of_o the_o say_v placentia_n example_n second_o example_n for_o a_o second_o example_n i_o will_v propound_v that_o naples_n will_v exchange_v 500_o ducat_n with_o placentia_n at_o sold._n 18._o 2_o d._n etc._n etc._n this_o example_n consider_v will_v not_o be_v find_v to_o differ_v from_o the_o former_a save_v that_o in_o the_o former_a naples_n give_v the_o lesser_a or_o break_a number_n and_o in_o this_o naples_n give_v the_o whole_a and_o entire_a number_n notwithstanding_o which_o the_o rule_n be_v not_o find_v to_o differ_v as_o in_o other_o the_o like_a question_n in_o simple_a exchange_n wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o sol._n 18._o and_o den._n 2._o of_o valentia_n be_v pay_v for_o 1_o ducat_n of_o naples_n and_o by_o that_o price_n and_o rate_n i_o will_v know_v how_o many_o livre_n of_o that_o money_n of_o valentia_n the_o propose_a sum_n of_o 500_o ducat_n in_o naples_n come_v into_o and_o by_o that_o which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o table_n by_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o three_o i_o say_v if_o one_o ducat_n be_v worth_a 18_o sol._n 2_o den._n how_o many_o shall_v 500_o be_v worth_n and_o by_o work_v the_o question_n it_o make_v 454_o liurâ—s_n 3_o s._n 4_o d._n and_o so_o much_o credit_n will_v 500_o ducat_n of_o naples_n give_v at_o the_o price_n aforementioned_a thus_o example_n three_o example_n all_o other_o exchange_n have_v their_o resolution_n as_o these_o two_o former_a but_o yet_o sometime_o it_o be_v true_a some_o accident_n may_v interpose_v which_o may_v cause_v the_o question_n to_o have_v a_o double_a work_n as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o genova_n will_v exchange_v with_o venetia_n crown_n 1000_o of_o liures_fw-fr 4._o to_o livre_n 7_o l._n 10_o sol_fw-la of_o that_o money_n and_o the_o credit_n be_v require_v in_o ducat_n now_o then_o because_o the_o simple_a exchange_n give_v the_o money_n in_o livre_n you_o must_v make_v another_o reckon_n to_o reduce_v the_o same_o into_o ducat_n but_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o neither_o in_o this_o nor_o in_o any_o other_o case_n will_v i_o have_v but_o one_o account_n make_v the_o which_o may_v be_v do_v by_o the_o rule_n multiply_v i_o say_v then_o if_o 1_o crown_n be_v worth_a 7._o 100_o den._n and_o that_o 6_o s._n 4_o den._n be_v worth_n one_o ducat_n how_o many_o ducat_n will_v a_o 1000_o crown_n make_v and_o by_o work_v the_o question_n it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o make_v 1209_o ducat_n 13._o 6_o d._n for_o credit_n which_o from_o genova_n will_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o thousand_o crown_n in_o venice_n the_o question_n be_v well_o observe_v it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v wrought_v in_o this_o manner_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o what_o place_n soever_o the_o money_n be_v account_v by_o livre_n sol_n and_o den._n or_o as_o we_o say_v in_o england_n by_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n it_o be_v account_v by_o 20_o and_o by_o 12_o because_o that_o sol._n or_o shill_n 20_o
these_o example_n but_o i_o have_v wander_v too_o far_o and_o proceed_v far_o in_o this_o subject_n than_o i_o intend_v therefore_o here_o will_v conclude_v both_o the_o calcuation_n of_o exchange_n and_o these_o method_n of_o abreviate_a the_o rule_n of_o division_n and_o multiplication_n refer_v what_o be_v here_o by_o i_o omit_v in_o both_o the_o say_a subject_n to_o the_o ingenious_a hand_n and_o head_n of_o the_o mysterious_a exchanger_n finis_fw-la a_o alphabetical_a table_n comprehend_v the_o most_o notable_a thing_n contain_v in_o this_o merchant_n map_n of_o commerce_n a._n africa_n bound_v with_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n 1_o asia_n bound_v with_o its_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n ibid._n america_n bound_v its_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n ibid._n be_v of_o merchandize_v and_o the_o general_a part_n thereof_o 2_o a_o merchant_n shall_v know_v the_o form_n of_o acquittance_n letter_n of_o attorney_n of_o account-keeping_a and_o arithmetic_n ibid._n to_o abbreviate_v the_o labour_n of_o weigh_v 6_o how_o to_o accord_n the_o weight_n of_o any_o two_o place_n ibid._n of_o account_n and_o account-keeping_n 7_o account_n keep_v diverse_o in_o divers_a city_n and_o country_n ibid._n the_o method_n use_v in_o account_n be_v divers_a ibid._n four_o rule_n require_v in_o a_o account_n ibid._n artificial_a commodity_n what_o 9_o america_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 11_o andalusia_n nova_fw-la 13_o africa_n and_o the_o province_n 14_o argier_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o comain_v the_o commodity_n coin_n weight_n measure_n account_n and_o custom_n thereof_o 10_o aian_n and_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o 27_o alexandria_n 28_o and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o commodity_n weight_n measure_n 30_o asia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 40_o anatolia_n or_o anatolia_n 41_o alexandretta_n scanderone_n 42_o angora_n with_o weight_n and_o measure_n 50_o amasia_n 51_o armenia_n and_o the_o city_n chap._n 67_o &_o 52._o mount_v ararat_n ibid._n acria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 56_o contain_v weight_n measure_n and_o coin_n ibid._n amano_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 58_o aleppo_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o count_v ain_v commodity_n weight_n coin_n measure_n account_n custom_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n 63_o arabia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 68_o assyria_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 69_o aden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 71_o astracan_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v the_o weight_n measure_v thereof_o etc._n etc._n 85_o aracan_a and_o ava_n 88_o 95_o agria_n 90_o amadavar_n ibid._n adam_n hill_n the_o paradise_n of_o siloner_n 102_o amboina_fw-la island_n 103_o achin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 105_o andalusia_n 112_o alicant_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v coin_n account_n weight_n measure_n etc._n etc._n 115_o alcala_n ibid._n arragon_n 119_o aquitania_n 122_o anjou_n 125_o avergno_fw-la 127_o avignon_n 131_o abruzzo_n 139_o apulia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 141_o anco_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 149_o aste_n a_o great_a mart_n 168_o antwerp_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 179_o artois_n ibid._n arras_n ibid._n amsterdam_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 180_o albis_n river_n in_o germany_n 182_o alsatia_n 185_o anspache_n 186_o ausburge_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 194_o austria_n ibid._n amber_n 209_o archangel_n in_o moscovia_n 220_o avalona_n or_o valona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 243_o argos_n in_o morea_n 245_o arcadian_a plain_n ibid._n achaia_n 246_o athens_n ibid._n albania_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 246_o mount_v athos_n the_o holy_a mountain_n ibid._n adrianopolis_n ibid._n adriatic_a island_n 254_o anglesey_n island_n 269_o &_o 262_o merchant_n adventure_n their_o original_n and_o place_n of_o residency_n in_o london_n 267_o antwerp_n exchange_n 289_o alcala_n exchange_n 294_o augusta_n exchange_n 298_o custom_n of_o acceptation_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o lion_n 302_o account_n of_o discount_n and_o the_o manner_n thereof_o use_v as_o well_o in_o lion_n as_o in_o many_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n 305_o account-keeping_a in_o lion_n how_o 307_o aggio_n of_o money_n practise_v in_o the_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o rome_n 340_o example_n of_o exchange_n practise_v in_o antwerp_n and_o how_o calculate_v 435_o exchange_n of_o antwerp_n with_o lion_n 436_o of_o antwerp_n with_o placentia_n 437_o of_o antwerp_n with_o florence_n 438_o of_o antwerp_n with_o venice_n 439_o of_o antwerp_n with_o london_n 440_o of_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o antwerp_n 441_o order_n and_o commission_n give_v and_o receive_v in_o exchange_n at_o antwerp_n 442_o b._n barter_v in_o use_n of_o old_a 2_o bargain_v ibid._n thing_n considerable_a in_o barter_v ibid._n thing_n considerable_a in_o bargain_v ibid._n a_o merchant_n ought_v to_o know_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n ibid._n of_o bill_n of_o lade_n ibid._n of_o bill_n of_o debt_n ibid._n the_o burse_n or_o exchange_n 3_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n of_o custom_n 4_o barter_v and_o exchange_v before_o the_o use_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n 5_o brasilia_n 13_o barbada_fw-es island_n ibid._n barmuda_n or_o summer_n island_n ibid._n barbary_n 14_o barbary_n merchant_n 23_o borneo_n 25_o boro_n 27_o bithynia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 47_o prussia_n in_o bithynia_n the_o trade_n commodity_n coin_n weight_n measure_n and_o custom_n thereof_o 48_o baruti_fw-la with_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coin_n measure_n weight_v thereof_o 59_o babylon_n and_o the_o trade_n contain_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n etc._n etc._n thereof_o 72_o balsara_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v the_o custom_n commodity_n weight_n and_o measure_n 77_o bindamir_n 79_o balasia_n 88_o bengala_n ibid._n barma_n ibid._n boroche_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 90_o bassain_n 92_o bengala_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o coast_n 94_o banda_n and_o island_n of_o moluccos_fw-la 103_o batavia_n olim_fw-la jacetra_n 104_o bantam_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ibid._n borneo_n island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 106_o beniermasa_n a_o english_a factory_a ibid._n baiona_n and_o biscay_n 114_o barselona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 119_o bordeaux_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 124_o britain_n 125_o bourbon_n 127_o berry_n and_o la_fw-fr beuse_n ibid._n burges_n and_o beauvois_n ibid._n beaucarre_n 129_o burgundy_n 132_o bresse_n ibid._n bisanson_n ibid._n bolonia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 143_o bressia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 155_o brussels_n 178_o breda_n ibid._n bruges_n 179_o breme_n the_o trade_n thereof_o 184_o baccrai_n 186_o baden_n ibid._n bainsberge_n ibid._n basil_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 193_o bavaria_n 194_o bohemia_n 195_o brandenburge_n 196_o brunswick_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 200_o beer_n of_o lubeck_n famous_a 205_o baltic_a island_n 210_o bornholm_n ibid._n blesida_n ibid._n bergen_n one_o of_o the_o 4_o ancient_a mart_n town_n of_o europe_n 216_o bodia_n in_o sweden_n 217_o buda_n in_o hungary_n 234_o bulgaria_n 235_o bosna_n ibid._n beaumare_n in_o anglesey_n 262_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n 268_o berkshire_n 269_o buckinghamshire_n ibid._n bedfordshire_n ibid._n barwick_n ibid._n brecknockshire_n ibid._n beauty_n of_o england_n ibid._n barbary_n merchant_n of_o london_n their_o original_n and_o decay_n 270_o barry_n exchange_n 286_o barselona_n exchange_n 293_o bolonia_n exchange_n 296_o bergamo_n exchange_n 297_o bilan_n what_o 302_o example_n upon_o exchange_n practise_v in_o barselona_n and_o how_o calculate_v 426_o exchange_n of_o barselona_n with_o lion_n 427_o exchange_n of_o barselona_n with_o placentia_n 428_o exchange_n of_o barselona_n with_o saragosa_n 429_o of_o barselona_n with_o valentia_n 430_o of_o barselona_n with_o sevil_n 431_o of_o barselona_n with_o lisbon_n 432_o of_o order_n and_o commission_n give_v and_o receive_v in_o draught_n and_o remittance_n in_o exchange_n make_v in_o barselona_n 433_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o barselona_n 434_o c._n the_o commodity_n of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o geography_n to_o merchant_n 1_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n tropic_n ibid._n commutation_n distinguish_v into_o three_o manner_n 2_o a_o merchant_n shall_v know_v the_o form_n of_o all_o charter-party_n ibid._n city_n and_o town_n eminent_a in_o trade_n only_o mention_v in_o this_o map_n 3_o six_o part_n require_v in_o a_o complete_a city_n and_o town_n ibid._n what_o city_n be_v find_v sit_v for_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n ibid._n two_o sort_n of_o city_n of_o traffic_n ibid._n sea_n city_n of_o trade_n what_o ibid._n land_n city_n of_o trade_n what_o ibid._n city_n of_o trade_n in_o manual_a art_n ibid._n the_o city_n of_o trade_n mention_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n ibid._n five_o place_n in_o a_o city_n depend_v upon_o trade_n ibid._n the_o custom-house_n ibid._n the_o custom_n imposition_n and_o other_o duty_n pay_v by_o merchant_n upon_o good_n 4_o custom_n not_o always_o alike_o in_o all_o place_n ibid._n custom_n due_a upon_o all_o commodity_n ibid._n custom_n differ_v in_o regard_n of_o time_n of_o place_n of_o city_n
of_o commodity_n and_o of_o weight_n ibid._n coin_n of_o sundry_a country_n use_v in_o traffic_n of_o merchandize_v 5_o coin_n make_v of_o silver_n and_o gold_n ibid._n a_o capital_a crime_n to_o debase_v or_o alter_v any_o prince_n coin_n ibid._n cargos_n in_o weight_n what_o 6_o cain_n the_o inventor_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n 8_o all_o city_n of_o trade_n have_v swear_v and_o public_a measure_n ibid._n of_o commodity_n use_v in_o merchandize_v and_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o 9_o all_o commodity_n be_v either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a ibid._n all_o commodity_n know_v by_o the_o sensce_n ibid._n all_o coin_n bring_v into_o one_o by_o exchange_v 10_o castilia_n aurea_fw-la 13_o chilo_n ibid._n cuba_n ibid._n caffaria_n 27_o cape_n bona_fw-la speransa_fw-la ibid._n carro_n 29._o and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 31_o casir_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n 29_o captus_fw-la ibid._n caffa_n in_o the_o euxine_a sea_n ibid._n cilicia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 42_o colloso_n 46_o cappadocia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 51_o celosyria_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 61_o colcos_n 67_o caldea_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 69_o cabin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 76_o cusestam_fw-la 77_o cusan_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 78_o caramania_n ibid._n carriage_n of_o commodity_n by_o caravan_n 81_o capha_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v the_o coin_n weight_n measure_n and_o account_n thereof_o 85_o cathay_n and_o the_o province_n 86_o cambalu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 87_o cannor_n 88_o and_o the_o trade_n 92_o cambaia_n 88_o canora_fw-la ibid._n camboia_n ibid._n cauchinchina_n ibid._n cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 90_o shall_fw-mi and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 92_o cochin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ibid._n calicut_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ibid._n coast_n of_o cormandle_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 93_o custom_n in_o india_n for_o debtor_n 94_o china_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 98_o commodity_n of_o china_n ibid._n clove_n in_o abundance_n in_o molluccos_fw-la 103_o celebs_fw-la island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v coin_n weight_n etc._n etc._n thereof_o 107_o cyprus_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v commodity_n coin_n weight_n measure_n 108_o cartagena_n 114_o castilia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v exchange_n coin_n weight_n measure_n 116_o catalonia_n 118_o callais_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 132_o champaign_n ibid._n callabria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 140_o crema_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 157_o cremona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 166_o como_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 167_o cambray_n 179_o charlemont_n ibid._n collen_n and_o the_o ride_z thereof_o 185_o cleveland_n ibid._n coin_n in_o general_a of_o germany_n 206_o coin_n of_o stoad_n hamburg_n and_o lubeck_n ibid._n coin_n of_o embden_n breme_n edenburg_n brunswick_n mainburg_n lipsick_a upper_a germany_n bohemia_n switzerland_n ibid._n copenhagen_n 210._o and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 211_o candroa_n in_o moscovia_n 219_o cracovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 223_o coninburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 226_o corn-measure_n of_o eastland_n reduce_v to_o that_o of_o sundry_a other_o country_n 231_o croatia_n 236_o corono_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 239_o catarro_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 240_o coranto_n ancient_o corinth_n a_o famous_a mart_n in_o morea_n 245_o constantinople_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 247_o coos_n island_n 249_o c_o 〈◊〉_d in_o island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 251_o cerigo_n island_n ibid._n cursolari_fw-la island_n ibid._n corfu_n island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 235_o corsica_n island_n 258_o callary_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 259_o capre_a island_n 261_o cadis_fw-la or_o gades_n ibid._n conaught_n in_o ireland_n 263_o four_o circuit_n in_o wales_n 268_o cornwall_n 269_o cambridgshire_n ibid._n cheshire_n ibid._n cumberland_n ibid._n canarvanshire_n ibid._n cardiganshire_n ibid._n caermarthenshire_n ibid._n six_o circuit_n in_o england_n ibid._n city_n of_o exchange_n in_o europe_n 273_o collen_n exchange_n 290_o the_o captain_n of_o mosambick_a the_o great_a merchant_n of_o that_o coast._n 28_o d._n description_n of_o country_n conduce_v to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n 1_o division_n of_o the_o world_n into_o four_o part_n ibid._n distance_n of_o place_n how_o find_v out_o ibid._n duty_n of_o build_v a_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o shipwright_n 2_o duty_n of_o ship_n provision_n belong_v to_o owner_n and_o out-reader_n ibid._n duty_n of_o sail_v a_o ship_n belong_v to_o navigator_n ibid._n duty_n of_o employ_v of_o ship_n belong_v to_o merchant_n ibid._n denarius_fw-la how_o call_v 5_o the_o best_a way_n of_o account_n be_v by_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n 7_o divers_a country_n have_v a_o diversity_n in_o their_o measure_n 8_o decay_a commodity_n what_o 9_o damietta_n 29_o damascus_n and_o the_o trade_n contain_v the_o coin_n weight_n measure_n commodity_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n 62_o derbent_n 73_o dellia_n 88_o dieu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o and_o of_o that_o coast_n and_o the_o commodity_n 89_o damain_n in_o india_n 92_o custom_n in_o india_n for_o debtor_n 94_o the_o dutch_a fort_n and_o trade_n in_o amboina_fw-la island_n 103_o denia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 118_o dolphin_n 127_o duke_n of_o florence_n a_o great_a merchant_n 159_o dry_a measure_n of_o several_a city_n in_o the_o levant_n sea_n compare_v 161_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n 164_o dunkirk_n 179_o douai_n ibid._n delft_n ibid._n dort_n ibid._n danubius_n river_n 182_o dresden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 199_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n 210_o dithmar_n in_o denmark_n ibid._n dantsick_a and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 224_o dacia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 235_o dalmatia_n 236_o delos_n or_o delphos_n 249_o dublin_n the_o metropolis_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 264_o four_o diocese_n in_o wales_n 268_o devonshire_n 269_o dorsetshire_n ibid._n derbyshire_n ibid._n durham_n ibid._n denbighshire_n ibid._n declaration_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n 274_o doublevsance_n what_o 299_o account_n of_o discount_n use_v in_o lion_n and_o elsewhere_o 305_o day_n and_o night_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o latitude_n 1_o e._n aequinoctial_a what_o 1_o europe_n and_o its_o bound_n latitude_n and_o longitude_n ibid._n eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n when_o see_v ibid._n exchange_v the_o three_o manner_n of_o commutation_n 2_o exchange_v draw_v into_o a_o profitable_a art_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o ibid._n thing_n considerable_a in_o exchange_v ibid._n esterlin_n money_n in_o england_n 5_o of_o exchange_n in_o general_n use_v by_o merchant_n 10_o the_o excellency_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n ibid._n the_o exchanger_n rectifi_v the_o disorder_n of_o mint_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o price_n ibid._n estotiland_n 12_o aethiopia_n and_o the_o province_n 26_o elephant_n tooth_n 27_o egypt_n and_o the_o province_n 29_o the_o trade_n of_o egypt_n in_o time_n past_a ibid._n egypt_n weight_v compare_v with_o other_o 34_o euphesus_fw-la 44_o eolis_n the_o first_o merchant_n 46_o ephrates_n 54_o three_o excellency_n in_o casbin_n 76_o exendu_fw-fr and_o the_o largeness_n thereof_o 87_o the_o english_a the_o last_o trader_n into_o india_n 107_o english_a consul_n at_o cyprus_n 108_o europe_n and_o the_o kingdom_n thereof_o 110_o escurial_n 115_o english_a subjection_n at_o blois_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o gerond_n 124_o english_a hall_n in_o roven_n for_o wool_n 126_o east-frisland_n 182_o embden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 183_o elsmore_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 212_o elbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 225_o epidaurus_n 245_o epirus_n 246_o the_o english_a the_o great_a trader_n of_o any_o christian_n into_o constantinople_n 247_o mount_v aetna_n in_o sicilia_n 256_o elba_n island_n 261_o edinburgh_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 266_o essex_n 269_o east-india_n merchant_n of_o london_n their_o original_n 270_o eastland_n merchant_n their_o original_n ibid._n of_o exchange_n in_o general_a with_o the_o method_n and_o manner_n thereof_o as_o practise_v in_o christendom_n 273_o exchange_v place_n ibid._n what_o exchange_n be_v etc._n etc._n ibid._n declaration_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n 274_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n 276_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n paris_n 277_o the_o exchange_n of_o rome_n 278_o the_o exchange_n of_o genoa_n 279_o exchange_n of_o milan_n 280_o exchange_n of_o venice_n 281_o exchange_n of_o florence_n 282_o exchange_n of_o lucca_n 283_o exchange_n of_o naples_n 284_o exchange_n of_o leccy_n 285_o exchange_n of_o barry_n 286_o exchange_n of_o palermo_n 287_o exchange_n of_o mesina_n 288_o exchange_n of_o antwerp_n and_o collen_n 289_o exchange_n of_o london_n 290_o exchange_n of_o valentia_n 291_o exchange_n of_o saragosa_n 292_o exchange_n of_o barselona_n 293_o exchange_n of_o sevil_n alcala_n medina_n del_fw-it campo_fw-it in_o castilia_n 294_o exchange_n of_o lisbon_n 295_o exchange_n of_o bolonia_n 296_o exchange_n of_o bergamo_n 297_o exchange_n of_o frankfort_n norimberg_n augusta_n vienna_n 298_o how_o the_o rate_n and_o
parcel_n will_v amount_v to_o with_o the_o exchange_n from_o one_o sort_n of_o money_n or_o species_n to_o another_o in_o regard_n the_o same_o have_v be_v already_o publish_v by_o mr._n lewis_n roberts_n in_o his_o map_n of_o commerce_n but_o i_o have_v give_v my_o advice_n in_o the_o practical_a part_n of_o exchange_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n use_v in_o england_n and_o i_o have_v general_o back_v my_o advice_n with_o some_o reason_n which_o among_o wise_a man_n be_v esteem_v more_o prevalent_a than_o law_n itself_o i_o dare_v warrant_v the_o proceed_n of_o any_o that_o shall_v walk_v after_o this_o my_o advice_n to_o be_v good_a and_o justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o merchant_n but_o i_o think_v i_o need_v not_o hang_v out_o a_o bush_n if_o the_o palate_n be_v right_a i_o know_v the_o wine_n can_v be_v disrelished_a it_o be_v the_o crop_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o year_n experience_v in_o my_o employment_n in_o the_o art_n of_o a_o notary_n public_a reader_n let_v not_o one_o perusal_n suffice_v thou_o this_o labour_n be_v i_o the_o gain_n will_v be_v thou_o i_o be_o but_o the_o adviser_n be_v thou_o advise_v by_o j._n marius_n exchange_n excellent_a and_o necessary_a exchange_n be_v by_o some_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o most_o mysterious_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v and_o traffic_n be_v ground_v upon_o custom_n and_o experience_n and_o the_o necessity_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o exchange_n be_v see_v in_o that_o it_o have_v find_v a_o general_a allowance_n in_o all_o country_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o yet_o be_v maintain_v with_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o for_o it_o prevent_v the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n of_o carriage_n of_o money_n from_o one_o city_n or_o country_n to_o another_o and_o this_o be_v do_v only_o by_o two_o or_o three_o line_n write_v on_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o paper_n term_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v so_o noble_a and_o excellent_a that_o though_o it_o can_v proper_o as_o i_o conceive_v be_v call_v a_o specialty_n because_o it_o want_v those_o formality_n which_o by_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n be_v thereunto_o require_v as_o seal_v delivery_n and_o witness_n yet_o it_o be_v equivalent_a thereunto_o if_o not_o beyond_o or_o exceed_v any_o specialty_n or_o bond_n in_o its_o punctuality_n and_o precise_a payment_n carry_v with_o it_o a_o command_a power_n though_o direct_v from_o the_o servant_n to_o the_o master_n for_o if_o by_o he_o accept_v it_o concern_v he_o every_o whit_n as_o much_o to_o see_v it_o be_v pay_v with_o honour_n at_o the_o time_n as_o the_o servant_n can_v desire_v or_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v payable_a can_v expect_v in_o regard_n the_o acceptor_n credit_n lie_v at_o stake_n and_o if_o he_o fail_v of_o payment_n at_o the_o precise_a day_n present_o there_o will_v issue_v forth_o a_o protest_v which_o may_v tell_v tale_n and_o soon_o make_v a_o dilemma_n in_o his_o commerce_n for_o he_o must_v not_o expect_v to_o continue_v his_o credit_n long_o that_o do_v not_o pay_v his_o accept_a bill_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v and_o beside_o his_o own_o his_o servant_z or_o friend_n the_o drawer_n credit_n will_v also_o be_v wound_v beside_o the_o charge_n which_o be_v incident_a thereunto_o and_o unavoidable_a payment_n of_o principal_a and_o charges_n at_o the_o end_n if_o the_o party_n or_o party_n be_v able_a for_o both_o acceptor_n and_o drawer_n be_v bind_v till_o payment_n as_o shall_v be_v more_o particular_o show_v in_o this_o ensue_a treatise_n thus_o much_o in_o general_n for_o i_o love_v not_o to_o spend_v more_o word_n than_o need_v or_o tell_v a_o large_a story_n to_o little_a or_o no_o purpose_n exchange_v what_o it_o be_v real_a exchange_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o give_v or_o take_v up_o money_n in_o one_o city_n or_o town_n to_o the_o end_n to_o have_v it_o again_o or_o to_o restore_v the_o just_a value_n thereof_o in_o money_n in_o another_o town_n according_a to_o the_o price_n which_o shall_v be_v agree_v upon_o between_o the_o taker_n and_o the_o deliverer_n to_o allow_v or_o pay_v for_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o money_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o time_n which_o will_v be_v from_o the_o time_n that_o the_o money_n be_v take_v up_o or_o deliver_v till_o it_o be_v restore_v or_o receive_v again_o inland_a and_o outland_n bill_n all_o alike_o and_o by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o shall_v be_v make_v for_o money_n take_v up_o at_o edinburgh_n york_n bristol_n exon_n plymouth_n dover_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o england_n or_o scotland_n and_o payable_a at_o london_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n as_o effectual_a as_o any_o bill_n of_o exchange_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o payable_a here_o in_o england_n which_o we_o use_v to_o call_v a_o outland_n bill_n and_o the_o other_o a_o inland_a bill_n both_o the_o inland_n and_o outland_n be_v make_v for_o money_n take_v up_o by_o exchange_n and_o exchange_n of_o monies_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v do_v as_o well_o from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o as_o from_o one_o country_n kingdom_n or_o nation_n to_o another_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o shall_v be_v make_v as_o well_o at_o one_o part_n as_o at_o another_o i_o mean_v inland_a and_o outland_n ought_v to_o be_v esteem_v of_o equal_a worth_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n on_o both_o equal_o observe_v howbeit_o mr._n john_n trenchant_a in_o his_o book_n of_o arithmetic_n print_v at_o lion_n anno_fw-la 1608._o say_v that_o a_o exchange_n make_v in_o the_o same_o realm_n as_o from_o lion_n to_o paris_n be_v not_o real_a for_o that_o the_o real_a exchange_n be_v appoint_v only_o for_o exchange_n between_o town_n in_o subjection_n to_o divers_a lord_n who_o do_v not_o allow_v money_n to_o be_v transport_v out_o of_o their_o own_o territory_n or_o because_o the_o money_n be_v not_o convey_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o without_o great_a loss_n four_o person_n to_o make_v a_o exchange_n and_o how_o call_v ordinary_o there_o be_v four_o person_n requisite_a to_o be_v employ_v in_o take_v up_o or_o remit_v any_o parcel_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n beside_o the_o broker_n who_o do_v procure_v the_o parcel_n as_o namely_o two_o at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v take_v up_o and_o two_o at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v payable_a 1._o the_o party_n who_o deliver_v the_o money_n by_o exchange_n who_o we_o use_v to_o call_v the_o deliverer_n or_o the_o giver_n and_o the_o french_a le_fw-fr banker_n because_o there_o be_v who_o keep_v a_o stock_n of_o money_n only_o to_o negotiate_v by_o exchange_n as_o our_o usurer_n do_v money_n to_o deliver_v at_o interest_n although_o these_o banker_n will_v as_o well_o take_v up_o as_o deliver_v money_n by_o exchange_n according_a as_o they_o see_v it_o most_o advantageous_a to_o they_o by_o the_o rise_n or_o fall_v of_o the_o price_n of_o monies_n by_o exchange_n 2._o the_o taker_n or_o party_n who_o receive_v or_o take_v up_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o this_o party_n we_o usual_o call_v the_o drawer_n because_o he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a occasion_n of_o the_o draught_n of_o those_o money_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n 3._o the_o party_n who_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o money_n or_o he_o upon_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v or_o to_o who_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v direct_v and_o 4._o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o money_n be_v make_v payable_a or_o he_o to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v send_v to_o get_v accept_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o money_n when_o due_a according_a to_o the_o bill_n so_o that_o by_o set_v down_o these_o four_o party_n and_o what_o use_n there_o be_v of_o they_o in_o exchange_n of_o monies_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o correspondency_n and_o familiar_a acquaintance_n between_o the_o party_n who_o deliver_v monies_n by_o exchange_n and_o he_o to_o who_o the_o same_o be_v make_v payable_a and_o the_o party_n who_o take_v up_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o he_o on_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v three_o person_n to_o make_v a_o exchange_n but_o sometime_o there_o be_v but_o three_o person_n needful_a in_o the_o do_v a_o parcel_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n as_o first_o the_o taker_n second_o the_o deliverer_n and_o three_o the_o party_n upon_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v 1._o the_o taker_n he_o make_v and_o subscribe_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o so_o much_o money_n by_o he_o receive_v of_o the_o deliverer_n 2._o the_o deliverer_n he_o order_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o himself_o or_o assign_v for_o the_o value_n of_o himself_o and_o
3._o the_o party_n that_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o bill_n for_o the_o taker_n direct_v the_o bill_n to_o his_o friend_n or_o servant_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o now_o this_o way_n of_o exchange_n be_v very_o useful_a according_a as_o occasion_n may_v be_v for_o suppose_v i_o be_v to_o go_v from_o london_n to_o plymouth_n there_o to_o employ_v some_o money_n in_o the_o buy_n of_o some_o coromodity_n i_o deliver_v my_o money_n here_o in_o london_n to_o some_o body_n who_o give_v i_o his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n on_o his_o friend_n factor_n or_o servant_n at_o plymouth_n payable_a to_o myself_o so_o i_o carry_v the_o bill_n along_o with_o i_o and_o receive_v my_o money_n myself_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o at_o plymouth_n another_o way_n wherein_o only_o three_o person_n be_v needful_a in_o the_o negotiation_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n namely_o first_o the_o drawer_n second_o the_o party_n on_o who_o it_o be_v draw_v three_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v payable_a 1._o the_o drawer_n have_v money_n in_o his_o hand_n belong_v to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o he_o order_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v pay_v do_v make_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n himself_o confess_v the_o value_n receive_v in_o his_o own_o hand_n 2._o charge_v it_o on_o his_o friend_n or_o factor_n 3._o payable_a to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o he_o be_v indebt_v there_o be_v yet_o one_o way_n more_o wherein_o money_n may_v be_v remit_v by_o exchange_n only_o with_o the_o help_n of_o three_o person_n 1._o the_o taker_n 2._o the_o deliverer_n 3._o the_o party_n to_o who_o payable_a as_o thus_o if_o i_o be_v at_o dartmouth_n or_o exon_n and_o intend_v to_o come_v to_o london_n i_o will_v take_v up_o money_n by_o exchange_n at_o dartmouth_n or_o exon_n and_o subscribe_v bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o the_o same_o confess_v the_o value_n receive_v of_o the_o deliverer_n direct_v or_o draw_v on_o myself_o payable_a to_o who_o the_o deliverer_n shall_v appoint_v in_o london_n two_o person_n to_o make_v a_o exchange_n likewise_o a_o parcel_n of_o money_n may_v be_v do_v by_o exchange_n between_o two_o person_n first_o the_o drawer_n and_o second_o the_o party_n on_o who_o it_o be_v draw_v the_o drawer_n he_o make_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n payable_a to_o himself_o or_o order_n for_o the_o value_n in_o himself_o and_o subscribe_v the_o bill_n and_o direct_v it_o to_o the_o party_n that_o owe_v he_o money_n and_o be_v to_o pay_v it_o by_o exchange_n by_o which_o bill_n when_o the_o party_n on_o who_o it_o be_v draw_v have_v accept_v it_o he_o become_v debtor_n to_o the_o drawer_n and_o he_o before_o the_o bill_n fall_v due_a do_v negotiate_v the_o parcel_n with_o another_o man_n and_o so_o draw_v in_o the_o money_n at_o the_o place_n where_o he_o live_v and_o make_v only_o a_o assignment_n on_o the_o bill_n payable_a to_o he_o of_o who_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o value_n the_o usefulness_n of_o frame_v bill_n of_o exchange_n after_o these_o several_a form_n beforementioned_a will_v be_v find_v 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treatise_n in_o regard_n they_o be_v not_o so_o commendable_a as_o the_o real_a exchange_n nor_o as_o i_o conceive_v much_o practise_v in_o these_o part_n pair_n pair_n as_o the_o french_a call_v it_o be_v to_o equalise_v match_n or_o make_v even_o the_o money_n of_o exchange_n from_o one_o place_n with_o that_o of_o another_o when_o i_o take_v up_o so_o much_o money_n per_fw-la exchange_n in_o one_o place_n to_o pay_v the_o just_a value_n thereof_o in_o other_o kind_n of_o money_n in_o another_o place_n without_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o price_n currant_n of_o exchange_n for_o the_o same_o but_o only_o to_o what_o the_o money_n be_v worth_a and_o do_v current_o pass_v for_o in_o each_o place_n according_a whereunto_o be_v easy_o find_v out_o the_o profit_n and_o loss_n which_o from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v make_v in_o whatever_o parcel_n of_o money_n draw_v or_o remit_v by_o exchange_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o deliver_v money_n at_o pair_n when_o there_o be_v receive_v in_o 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hereafter_o general_n the_o use_n of_o map_n and_o card_n in_o general_n every_o map_n or_o card_n then_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v common_o trace_v with_o two_o sort_n of_o line_n or_o circle_n that_o be_v meridian_n and_o parallel_n meridian_n meridian_n the_o meridian_n be_v either_o right_a or_o circular_a line_n pass_v through_o both_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v draw_v right_o up_o and_o down_o from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o map_n and_o call_v meridian_n because_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o touch_v any_o of_o those_o line_n it_o be_v midday_n to_o those_o that_o dwell_v under_o the_o same_o parallel_n parallel_n and_o parallel_n be_v either_o right_a or_o circular_a line_n imagine_v to_o be_v equal_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o which_o do_v cross_v the_o aforesaid_a meridian_n with_o right_a angle_n and_o in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o these_o universal_a map_n and_o card_n be_v most_o common_o draw_v from_o head_n to_o foot_v a_o right_a line_n which_o signify_v not_o only_o the_o first_o meridian_n but_o also_o the_o axletree_n of_o the_o world_n antarctic_a poles_n arctic_a and_o antarctic_a the_o upper_a end_n of_o which_o line_n be_v call_v the_o pole-artick_a or_o the_o north-pole_n and_o the_o nether_a end_n be_v call_v the_o pole-antartick_a or_o the_o south-pole_n equinoctial_a equinoctial_a and_o this_o line_n be_v cross_v in_o the_o very_a midst_n betwixt_o the_o two_o pole_n with_o another_o great_a circle_n or_o rather_o right_a line_n call_v the_o equinoctial_a because_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o touch_v this_o line_n or_o circle_n the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v equal_a throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o one_o half_a of_o which_o line_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n sheweth_z the_o east_n part_n and_o the_o other_o half_a towards_o the_o left_a hand_n sheweth_z the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o world_n so_o as_o those_o two_o line_n the_o first_o meridian_n and_o the_o equinoctial_a do_v point_n out_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n east_n west_n north_n and_o south_n from_o whence_o the_o four_o principal_a wind_n do_v blow_n between_o which_o wind_n be_v set_v down_o in_o all_o general_a map_n and_o general_o in_o all_o sea-card_n the_o other_o division_n of_o the_o wind_n which_o as_o not_o much_o pertinent_a to_o my_o present_a purpose_n i_o willing_o omit_v further_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o both_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o the_o meridian_n circle_n or_o line_n be_v divide_v each_o of_o they_o into_o 360_o degree_n so_o as_o every_o quarter_n of_o they_o contain_v 90_o degree_n and_o in_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v set_v down_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n which_o be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o world_n round_o about_o from_o west_n to_o east_n and_o from_o east_n by_o west_n home_o again_o the_o first_o degree_n whereof_o begin_v where_o the_o first_o aforesaid_a meridian_n cross_v the_o equinoctial_a in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o all_o universal_a map_n in_o general_a and_o so_o proceed_v eastward_o unto_o the_o number_n of_o 180_o degree_n which_o be_v as_o far_o as_o you_o can_v go_v eastward_o for_o from_o thence_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n you_o must_v needs_o turn_v back_o again_o westward_o until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o 360_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o last_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o end_v where_o the_o first_o degree_n begin_v moreover_o in_o the_o say_v first_o meridian_n be_v set_v down_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n that_o be_v breadth_n of_o the_o world_n both_o in_o nor_o she_o and_o southern_a for_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a to_o the_o north-pole_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a meridian_n 90_o degree_n and_o that_o be_v call_v the_o north_n latitude_n and_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a to_o the_o south-pole_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o say_a meridian_n other_o 90_o degree_n which_o be_v call_v the_o south_n latitude_n and_o in_o most_o map_n the_o equinoctial_a line_n be_v divide_v and_o cross_v with_o 18_o meridian_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o first_o meridian_n divide_v the_o equinoctial_a into_o 36_o several_a distance_n every_o distance_n contain_v 10_o degree_n and_o every_o degree_n contain_v 60_o italian_a mile_n of_o length_n antarctic_a circle_n arctic_a and_o antarctic_a again_o betwixt_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o each_o of_o the_o pole_n be_v draw_v certain_a circle_n or_o line_n which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v call_v parallel_n of_o which_o most_o common_o it_o be_v find_v that_o four_o be_v point_v with_o red_a ink_n signify_v the_o four_o lesser_a circle_n the_o high_a towards_o the_o north-pole_n be_v call_v the_o circle-artick_a which_o be_v 23½_n degree_n distant_a from_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o low_a towards_o the_o south_n pole_n be_v call_v the_o circle-antartick_a which_o be_v also_o distant_a 23½_n degree_n from_o the_o pole_n capricorn_n 2_o tropic_n 1_o cancer_n 2_o capricorn_n and_o as_o touch_v the_o other_o two_o red_a circle_n the_o one_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o circle-artick_a and_o the_o equinoctial_a it_o be_v call_v the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n and_o the_o other_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o the_o circle_n antarctic_a that_o be_v call_v the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n and_o each_o of_o these_o two_o tropic_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o equinoctial_a 23_o degree_n 2._o 8._o ½_n which_o be_v the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o betwixt_o these_o two_o tropic_n the_o sun_n continual_o make_v his_o course_n and_o return_v mount_v never_o high_o than_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n nor_o descend_v never_o low_a than_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n for_o which_o cause_n some_o do_v set_v down_o in_o their_o map_n betwixt_o the_o say_v two_o tropic_n an_o overthwart_o line_n signify_v the_o ecliptic_a line_n under_o which_o the_o sun_n continual_o walk_v place_v five_o
in_o bring_v their_o wool_n into_o those_o part_n as_o of_o such_o foreign_a merchant_n as_o come_v to_o buy_v the_o same_o he_o place_v his_o staple_n at_o exon_n bristal_n winchester_n westminster_n chichester_n canterbury_n norwich_n lincoln_n york_n and_o newcastle_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n carmarden_n for_o wales_n at_o dublin_n waterford_n cork_n and_o tredagh_n for_o ireland_n and_o enact_v that_o no_o english_a irish_a or_o welshman_n shall_v transport_v this_o staple_v commodity_n no_o not_o by_o licenses_fw-la if_o any_o such_o shall_v be_v grant_v on_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n last_o he_o allure_v over_o hither_o divers_a fleming_n which_o teach_v our_o nation_n the_o make_n of_o cloth_n who_o be_v now_o grow_v the_o best_a cloth_n worker_n in_o the_o world_n and_o to_o encourage_v they_o in_o that_o art_n in_o the_o 27_o of_o his_o reign_n it_o be_v by_o statute_n enact_v to_o be_v felony_n to_o transport_v hence_o wool_n unwrought_a now_o when_o england_n have_v thus_o for_o some_o time_n enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o these_o staple_n he_o remove_v the_o same_o to_o callais_n which_o he_o have_v then_o conquer_v and_o which_o he_o desire_v to_o enrich_v from_o hence_o they_o be_v at_o several_a time_n and_o occasion_n remove_v now_o to_o one_o now_o to_o another_o town_n in_o belgium_n and_o still_o happy_a be_v that_o town_n in_o what_o country_n soever_o where_o the_o say_a company_n keep_v a_o house_n for_o their_o traffic_n and_o residence_n the_o confluence_n of_o all_o people_n thither_o to_o buy_v infinite_o enrich_v it_o antwerp_n for_o a_o long_a time_n enjoy_v their_o company_n till_o upon_o some_o discontent_n between_o henry_n vii_o and_o maximilian_n archduke_n they_o remove_v thence_o but_o at_o their_o return_n again_o they_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o antwerpian_n with_o the_o solemn_a procession_n princely_a triumph_n sumptuous_a feast_n rare_a banquet_n and_o expression_n of_o much_o joy_n and_o more_o love_n here_o they_o continue_v till_o the_o surprisal_n and_o sack_n of_o this_o town_n by_o the_o spaniard_n anno_fw-la whence_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o wrong_n and_o hard_a measure_n there_o receive_v they_o remove_v into_o two_o place_n one_o to_o middleburgh_n the_o other_o to_o stoad_n afterward_o from_o middleburgh_n to_o delft_n and_o from_o delft_n now_o to_o rotterdam_n where_o they_o have_v late_o seat_v themselves_o with_o many_o immunity_n grant_v they_o and_o a_o palace_n appoint_v they_o for_o their_o residence_n the_o other_o from_o stoad_n by_o some_o vicissitude_n of_o change_n be_v now_o place_v at_o hamburgh_n where_o also_o they_o have_v many_o privilege_n and_o the_o say_a company_n be_v now_o enlarge_v and_o all_o new_a drapery_n comprise_v therein_o they_o intend_v to_o implant_v more_o factory_n in_o other_o place_n and_o this_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o our_o society_n which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v govern_v beyond_o sea_n in_o the_o say_a place_n by_o a_o deputy_n and_o certain_a assistant_n and_o in_o england_n by_o a_o governor_n deputy_n and_o certain_a assistant_n sir_n thomas_n moulson_n kt._n and_o alderman_n be_v the_o present_a governor_n to_o who_o worth_a and_o government_n i_o owe_v this_o acknowledgement_n as_o be_v a_o member_n of_o this_o so_o ancient_a and_o worthy_a a_o society_n ruin_n barbary_n merchant_n their_o original_a and_o ruin_n the_o next_o to_o these_o be_v the_o barbary_n merchant_n which_o have_v their_o original_a in_o henry_n vii_n time_n be_v indeed_o the_o age_n wherein_o our_o nation_n do_v begin_v by_o imitation_n of_o the_o portugal_n and_o spaniard_n to_o discover_v new_a region_n and_o this_o flourish_v and_o continue_v till_o the_o end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n wherein_o it_o fall_v whenas_o civil_a war_n be_v hot_a in_o morocco_n and_o fez_n among_o the_o pretender_n to_o that_o empire_n original_a levant_n merchant_n and_o their_o original_a out_o of_o who_o ash_n about_o that_o time_n do_v rise_v the_o levant_n company_n or_o turkey_n merchant_n and_o by_o their_o discovery_n and_o trade_n first_o make_v the_o traffic_n into_o the_o seigntory_n of_o venice_n and_o then_o to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n include_v as_o then_o within_o their_o privilege_n the_o east-indies_n navigation_n which_o be_v then_o know_v to_o they_o only_o by_o land_n and_o to_o the_o portugal_n by_o sea_n since_o original_a east-india_n merchant_n and_o their_o original_a which_o the_o say_a indies_n be_v raise_v to_o a_o great_a and_o eminent_a company_n and_o by_o themselves_o incorporate_v employ_v in_o a_o joint_a stock_n a_o great_a capitol_n by_o which_o trade_n and_o stock_n they_o have_v build_v many_o warlike_a ship_n and_o bring_v all_o those_o indian_a commodity_n to_o our_o home_n which_o before_o be_v bring_v to_o we_o by_o other_o nation_n both_o which_o company_n now_o supply_v our_o land_n and_o by_o their_o second_o transportation_n many_o other_o country_n with_o those_o rich_a commodity_n which_o venetia_n tuuky_a arabia_n egypt_n persia_n china_n and_o india_n yield_v and_o be_v find_v govern_v in_o england_n by_o sir_n maurice_n abbot_n kt._n and_o alderman_n and_o by_o mr._n henry_n garraway_n alderman_n the_o former_a governor_n of_o the_o east_n india_n company_n and_o the_o latter_a of_o the_o turkey_n company_n to_o which_o be_v join_v certain_a committee_n and_o assistant_n to_o who_o worth_a and_o government_n i_o here_o owe_v this_o acknowledgement_n as_o be_v now_o both_o a_o member_n and_o entrust_v with_o a_o particular_a charge_n in_o both_o the_o say_a company_n original_n moscovia_n eastland_n greenland_n french_a and_o spanish_a merchant_n and_o their_o original_n other_o country_n and_o company_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n and_o some_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n james_n reign_n have_v be_v discover_v settle_a and_o continue_v as_o to_o the_o northward_o the_o moscovy_n company_n the_o eastland_n company_n the_o greenland_n company_n and_o of_o late_a day_n there_o be_v erect_v a_o company_n for_o france_n govern_v here_o by_o sir_n james_n cambel_n kt._n and_o alderman_n to_o who_o also_o i_o owe_v this_o acknowledgement_n as_o be_v a_o member_n thereof_o and_o now_o there_o be_v in_o agitation_n a_o parent_n for_o a_o company_n for_o spain_n of_o which_o also_o when_o confirm_v i_o may_v entitle_v myself_o a_o member_n these_o company_n then_o and_o society_n beside_o other_o not_o at_o all_o incorporate_v encourage_v by_o sundry_a privilege_n grant_v unto_o they_o govern_v themselves_o by_o settle_a act_n and_o order_n under_o certain_a choose_a governor_n deputy_n and_o a_o select_a number_n of_o assistant_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o profitable_a to_o these_o kingdom_n by_o export_v the_o native_a commodity_n thereof_o by_o set_v the_o poor_a to_o work_v by_o build_v of_o many_o brave_a ship_n and_o by_o import_v of_o sundry_a necessary_n both_o for_o use_n and_o ornament_n that_o the_o benefit_n thereof_o can_v here_o be_v certain_o express_v but_o one_o particular_a in_o the_o levant_n merchant_n may_v in_o part_n demonstrate_v what_o great_a benefit_n the_o rest_n do_v produce_v for_o it_o be_v find_v that_o in_o our_o last_o voyage_n to_o cales_n and_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n they_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o 20_o great_a sail_n of_o ship_n that_o serve_v in_o both_o those_o voyage_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o they_o be_v owner_n of_o 30_o sail_n more_o which_o one_o with_o the_o other_o may_v contain_v 12_o or_o 13000_o tun_n of_o burden_n and_o which_o may_v have_v for_o further_a defence_n 1200_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n at_o the_o least_o and_o employ_v about_o 4_o or_o 5000_o sailor_n yearly_a beside_o porter_n weigher_n bargeman_n lighterman_n carman_n which_o can_v be_v less_o than_o 2_o or_o 3000_o person_n more_o and_o they_o be_v find_v if_o report_n may_v gain_v credit_n to_o pay_v his_o majesty_n by_o way_n of_o custom_n and_o impost_n 50000_o l._n yearly_a partly_o outward_o by_o their_o exportation_n of_o cloth_n tin_n and_o other_o commodity_n partly_o inward_o by_o the_o importation_n of_o silk_n cotton_n gall_n grogram_n spice_n drug_n currant_n and_o other_o levantine_n commodity_n this_o be_v then_o brief_o to_o show_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o well_o govern_v trade_n and_o the_o profit_n arise_v thereby_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o other_o to_o consider_v the_o general_a good_a accrue_v to_o this_o island_n by_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o say_a company_n and_o society_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n according_a to_o my_o method_n to_o handle_v the_o other_o principal_a part_n of_o traffic_n comprise_v in_o this_o city_n and_o general_o of_o all_o this_o kingdom_n the_o coin_n of_o this_o city_n and_o kingdom_n be_v partly_o of_o gold_n and_o partly_o of_o silver_n as_o in_o other_o
country_n the_o principal_a in_o use_n be_v these_o silver_n coin_n current_a in_o england_n of_o silver_n the_o silver_n currant_n coin_n be_v piece_n of_o 5_o s._n sterl_n crown_n piece_n of_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n piece_n of_o 12_o d._n shilling_n piece_n of_o 6_o d._n 4_o d._n 3_o d._n 2_o d._n 1_o d._n sterl_n which_o be_v account_v 4_o farthing_n to_o a_o penny_n sterl_n 12_o penny_n to_o a_o shilling_n 5_o shilling_n to_o a_o crown_n 4_o crown_n or_o 20_o shilling_n to_o a_o pound_n sterling_a gold_n of_o gold_n the_o gold_n current_a coin_n be_v piece_n of_o 22_o s._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 11_o s._n piece_n of_o 5_o s._n 6_o d._n piece_n of_o 2_o s._n 9_o d._n the_o â…›_n of_o 22_o s._n also_o piece_n of_o 20_o s._n piece_n of_o 10_o s._n piece_n of_o 5_o s._n piece_n of_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n the_o â…›_n of_o 20_o s._n account_v also_o in_o former_a account_n of_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n sterling_a the_o goodness_n and_o fineness_n and_o intrinsic_a value_n may_v be_v more_o particular_o know_v by_o a_o proclamation_n an._n 1609._o publish_v by_o our_o decease_a sovereign_a king_n james_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n or_o otherwise_o to_o a_o table_n insert_v in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o chapter_n of_o the_o equality_n and_o valuation_n thereof_o with_o the_o coin_n of_o sundry_a other_o country_n england_n account_n in_o england_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v throughout_o england_n by_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n sterling_a account_v 12_o penny_n to_o the_o shilling_n and_o 20_o shilling_n to_o the_o pound_n but_o the_o account_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v in_o some_o office_n keep_v in_o mark_n contain_v 13_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n per_fw-la mark_n chap._n cclxxi_o of_o weight_n use_v in_o england_n england_n weight_n in_o england_n the_o weight_n common_o use_v throughout_o england_n be_v two_o the_o troy-weight_n and_o the_o averdupois-weight_n weight_n troy_n weight_n the_o troy_n pound_n consist_v of_o 12_o pounce_n the_o ounce_n of_o 20_o peny-weight_n the_o pennyweight_n of_o 24_o grain_n and_o serve_v only_o for_o bread_n gold_n silver_n and_o electuary_n 8_o l._n account_v to_o the_o gallâ—…_n and_o by_o consequence_n 16_o l._n to_o the_o peck_n 32_o l._n to_o the_o half-bushel_n and_o 64_o to_o the_o bushel_n and_o hereby_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v reduce_v one_o into_o another_o measure_n weight_n with_o measure_n wet_a measure_n be_v also_o derive_v from_o this_o pound_n troy_n both_o on_o land_n and_o shipboard_n as_o also_o corn_n and_o grain_n as_o above_o be_v specify_v for_o first_o this_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n make_v into_o a_o concave_a measure_n be_v name_v a_o pint_n 8_o of_o the_o say_a pint_n or_o 8_o l._n make_v a_o gallon_n of_o either_o wine_n ale_z beer_n or_o corn_n according_a to_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o 11_o and_o 12_o of_o henry_n vii_o assize_n assize_n from_o hence_o be_v also_o draw_v the_o assize-measure_n of_o all_o vendible_a cask_n each_o hogshead_n to_o contain_v 63_o gallon_n every_o terce_n 84_o every_o pipe_n 126_o and_o every_o tun_n 252_o gallon_n from_o hence_o also_o the_o measure_n for_o fish_n the_o salmon-butt_n be_v to_o be_v 84_o gallon_n the_o barrel_n 42_o gallon_n the_o herring-barrel_n to_o be_v 32_o gallon_n the_o eel-barrel_n to_o be_v 42_o gallon_n the_o soap-barrel_n to_o be_v 32½_n gallon_n and_o the_o firkin_n of_o these_o to_o be_v according_o averdupois_n averdupois_n the_o second_o weight_n be_v the_o averdupois-pound_n which_o consist_v of_o 16_o ounce_n which_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o former_a for_o these_o 16_o ounce_n make_v but_o 14½_n ounce_n and_o 2_o penny_n weight_n of_o troy_n use_v in_o the_o mint_n where_o 136_o l._n averdupois_n subtle_a be_v but_o 100_o subtle_a troy_n by_o the_o averdupois-weight_n be_v all_o commodity_n weigh_v which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o garble_n and_o whereof_o issue_v a_o garble_n or_o waste_v also_o butter_n cheese_n tallow_n wax_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o 7_o l._n of_o this_o weight_n be_v account_v to_o the_o gallon_n of_o wheat_n as_o be_v 14_o l._n the_o peck_n 28_o l._n the_o half-â—ashel_a and_o 56_o l._n to_o the_o bushel_n bread_n troy_n &_o averdupois_n compare_v for_o the_o weight_n of_o bread_n the_o 7_o l._n averdupois_n be_v 102_o ounce_n troy_n according_a to_o which_o rate_n the_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n must_v weigh_v 448_o l._n averdupois_n and_o so_o 14_o l._n averdupois_n and_o 16_o l._n 11_o ounce_n troy_n do_v accord_n in_o one_o or_o 56_o l._n averdupois_n and_o 67_o l._n 8_o ounce_n troy_n and_o note_v that_o as_o 1_o penny_n sterling_a be_v the_o â—_o 2d_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n troy_n so_o thereby_o be_v find_v that_o 7_o l._n 12_o s._n sterling_a be_v 84½_n and_o 2_o peny-weight_n troy_n and_o 6_o l._n 18_o s._n sterling_a be_v 82¾_n ounce_n and_o 1_o penny_n troy_n from_o which_o 2_o assize_n the_o white_a wheaten_n and_o household_n bread_n be_v calculate_v and_o draw_v weight_n cheese_n weight_n from_o the_o averdupois-weight_n be_v also_o draw_v the_o true_a weight_n of_o cheese_n and_o butter_n call_v the_o weigh_n which_o be_v 112_o l._n averdupois_n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o the_o 2_o hundred_o be_v 224_o l._n contain_v 32_o clove_n and_o every_o clove_n be_v 7_o l._n the_o weigh_v of_o suffolk_n cheese_n be_v 256_o l._n and_o the_o weigh_v of_o essex_n cheese_n 336_o l._n averdupois_n weight_n wool_n weight_n the_o sack_n of_o wool_n former_o so_o famous_v by_o the_o stapler_n do_v weigh_v 364_o l._n averdupois_n 2_o weigh_v of_o wool_n make_v a_o sack_n and_o 12_o sack_n make_v a_o last_o measure_n herring_n measure_n the_o last_o of_o herring_n contain_v 10_o thousand_o and_o every_o thousand_o contain_v 10_o hundred_o and_o every_o hundred_o six_o score_n or_o 120._o weight_n lead_v weight_n lead_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o fodder_n the_o load_n be_v 175_o l._n and_o the_o fodder_n make_v according_o 19½_n hundred_o of_o 112_o l._n per_fw-la cent_n england_n three_o quintar_n use_v in_o england_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v note_v that_o of_o this_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n averdupois_n be_v make_v in_o england_n 3_o several_a quintar_n for_o weigh_v of_o sundry_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n l._n first_o 100_o l._n the_o first_o be_v a_o hundred_o of_o five_o score_n or_o 10_o l._n just_a and_o this_o be_v call_v the_o 100_o subtle_a by_o which_o be_v sell_v spice_n drug_n and_o other_o fine_a commodity_n which_o be_v account_v by_o the_o pound_n and_o to_o which_o be_v add_v by_o seller_n a_o allowance_n of_o 4_o l._n upon_o 104_o l._n take_v from_o the_o overplus_n receive_v from_o antwerp_n weight_v in_o time_n pass_v in_o spice_n as_o i_o have_v say_v elsewhere_o and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o tret_n yet_o by_o some_o allege_v to_o be_v a_o allowance_n in_o garbled_a commodity_n l._n second_o 112_o l._n the_o second_o be_v a_o hundred_o of_o five_o score_n and_o twelve_o 112_o l._n the_o half_a hundred_o be_v 56_o l._n the_o quarter_n 28_o l._n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a weight_n be_v adjust_v and_o by_o which_o all_o commodity_n be_v weigh_v and_o all_o fine_a commodity_n afterward_o reduce_v to_o the_o subtle_a hundred_o and_o by_o this_o be_v sell_v all_o gross_a good_n grocery_n saltery_a etc._n etc._n l._n three_o 120_o l._n the_o three_o be_v a_o hundred_o of_o six_o score_n of_o the_o say_a averdupois_n pound_n by_o which_o tin_n be_v weigh_v to_o his_o majesty_n farmer_n and_o some_o few_o other_o commodity_n and_o be_v call_v the_o stannery_n hundred_o this_o pound_n averdupois_n have_v in_o itself_o a_o division_n of_o 16_o ounce_n and_o thereof_o be_v form_v other_o weight_n as_o sometime_o a_o stone_n of_o 8_o l._n 7_o l._n 10_o l._n 14_o l._n 16_o l._n 20_o l._n sometime_o a_o tod_n of_o 7_o l._n 8_o l._n 10_o l._n sometime_o a_o clove_n of_o 20_o l._n 28_o l._n 32_o l._n and_o such_o like_a which_o be_v still_o find_v to_o be_v make_v out_o of_o this_o pound_n of_o averdupois_n of_o 16_o ounce_n and_o every_o ounce_n of_o 8_o dram_n and_o every_o dram_n 60_o grain_n raw_a silk_n of_o persia_n or_o tuckey_n be_v also_o sell_v by_o this_o pound_n but_o than_o it_o be_v account_v a_o pound_n of_o 24_o ounce_n or_o a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o abovesaid_a all_o which_o be_v requisite_a his_o learning_n that_o be_v either_o to_o buy_v or_o sell_v in_o england_n that_o he_o may_v know_v not_o only_o the_o true_a weight_n of_o this_o commodity_n but_o also_o the_o denomination_n thereof_o and_o how_o many_o pound_n or_o ounce_n be_v contain_v therein_o have_v now_o show_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o troy_n and_o averdupois_n