grievous and more grating Aggravate Bo. 3. v. 524. Pennance the contraction of Penitence Penitentia Lat. Punishment or the fear of it being the Parent ef Repentance V. 557. Could not abstain Could not forbear Abstain of Abstinere Lat. properly to forbear eating to fast from Delude Bo. 9. v. 639. V. 560. That curl'd Megaera Hung thicker on those tempting Trees than curling Serpents on the dreadful Head of dire Megaera her hissing horrid Hair Megaera one of the three Snaky Sisters Daughters of Acheron and Night-Furies of Hell so invidious and detestable of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. to hate Odit ipse pater Pluton odere sorores Tartareae monstrum tot sese vertit in ora Tam saevae facies tot pullulat atra colubris AEn 7. Tot Erynnis sibilat Hydris Tantaque se facies aperit Ibid. Quas Tartaream nox intempesta Megaeram Uno eodemque tulit partu paribusque revinxit Serpentum Spiris AEn 12 Curl'd Megaera Crinita Draconibus ora Met. l. 4. So Medusa's Hair was turn'd into curling Snakes Gorgâ—neum turpes crinem mutavit in Hydros Ibid. V. 562. Bituminous Lake where Sodom flam'd The Lake Asphaltites near which Sodom and Gomorrah burnt by Fire from Heaven Gen. 19. 24. were situated Josephus affirms the Shapes and Fashions of 'em and three other Cities called the Cities of the Plain were to be seen in his Days and Trees loaden with fair Fruit styled the Apples of Sodom rising out of the Ashes which at the first touch dissolved into Ashes and Smoak Bo. V. of the Wars of the Jews c. 5. This Lake is named Bituminous Bituminosus Lat. of Bitumen Lat. a fat clammy Slime gathered on the Lake See Asphaltic Bo. 1. v. 411. V. 563. This moâ—e delusive c. This fair Fruitage was more deceitful and disappointing than Sodom's cheating Apples which only deceiv'd the Touch by dissolving into Ashes but this endured the handling the more to vex and disappoint their Taste by filling the Mouths of the Damned with grating Cinders and bitter Ashes in stead of allaying their scorching Thirst provoking and inflaming it So handsomly has our Author improved their Punishment Gust Taste of Gustus Lat. the pleasure of Tasting V. 567. With spattering Noise As the manner of those is that disgusted by any ill Taste spit out its Cause with a spattering Noise A word coin'd of the Sound thereby made Rejected cast out of Rejicere Lat. to throw out V. 568. Drug'd as oft c. Vex'd as often with hatefullest Distaste Drug'd of the Sax. Drecan to vex to toyl whence a Drudge one employed in the vilest and most loathsome Offices Disrelish Disgust Distaste Bo. 5. v. 305. Illusion Bo. 4. v. 803. V. 572. Laps'd Fall'n Lapsus Lat. Of Labi Lat. to fall V. 578. Tradition they dispers'd They spread abroad some Account among the Gentiles Tradition Traditio Lat. an ancient Account of Tradere Lat. to deliver down as those of the Jews were from Father to Son Dispers'd Bo. 3. v. 54. Heathen the Idolatrous Gentiles of the Sax. Haeden or Ger. Heyden of Heyde Ger. a Heath because when Christianity was received in the great Cities the Heathen practised their wicked Rites in little Villages and Country Obscurities for a long time V. 581. Ophion with Eurynome c. And reported how the Serpent whom they disguised under the Name of Ophion with his Wife Euâ—â—nome that Govern'd far and near was the most ancient of all the Gods and Reign'd on Olympus till driven thence by Saturn and Ops long before Jove their Son was born and Nurs'd in Crete Ophion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. a Serpent was one of the Titans possess'd of the Empire of all things before Saturn but overthrown by him as he was at last by his Son Jupiter as Isacius reports Eurynome was the Daughter of the Ocean and Consort of Ophion of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. wide and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. Law thence here styled The wide encroaching Eve who by her powerful sway over the Souls and Bodies of her Sons subjected 'em to Sin and Death encroaching and usurping wide on her Posterity involved both in her Crime and Punishment down to her last Descendent Haec arma Mimantis Sustinet hos onerat ramos exutus Opion Claud. de Raptu Proserp l. 3. V. 584. Saturn The Son of Caelus and Vesta espoused his Sister Ops on whom he begot Jupiter named Dictaeus of Dicte a Mountain in Crete Di nempe suâ—s habuere Sorores Sic Saturnus Opim junctam sibi sanguine duxit Met. l. 9. Dictaeo caeli regem pavere sub antro Geo. 4. V. 587. Once Actual When the first fatal Transgression was committed now in Body now personally present Actualis Lat. done ab Agendo V. 588. Habitual Habitant A constant Inhabitant Habitual of Habitus Lat. a custom a constant habit of Body or Mind Habitant Habitans Lat. of Habitare Lat. to dwell to aâ—ide constantly in a place V. 590. Not mounted yet on his pale Horse The first Generations of Men were so vicavious there Longevity being necessary to the Peopling the World that Death seemed as then to walk on foot and follow Sin but slowly He had not those dreadful Executions to do that have since required his mounting on Horse-back as he is described Rev. 6. 8. And behold a pale Horse and his name that sate on him was Death and Hell follow'd with him c. V. 592. Second of Satan sprung Death is said to be the second Offspring of Satan Sin being his first and Death her Son and his therefore styled the Sin-bred Monster V. 596. according to the Holy Writ When lust hath conceived it bringeth forth sin and sin when it is finished bringeth forth death Jam. 1. 15. By one man sin entred into the world and death by sin Rom. 5. 12. V. 599. Where most with Ravin I may meet Where I may best find wherewithal to glut my self Ravine of Rapina Lat. Pillage Spoil all Ravenous Creatures being violent and rapacious V. 601. This vast unhide-bound Corps This vast wide Womb of mine Death is so all-devouring that his Body may well be styled Not hide-bound as those Creatures are whose Leanness makes their Skin stick to their Ribs Death on the contrary seems of so loose a Constitution that thô he eats up all things nothing stays with him Maw of the Ital. Magone the Stomach Corps the contraction of Corpus Lat. a Body V. 602. Th' incestuous Mother Sin the Mother of Death by Satan her own Sire Incestucsus Lat. one that has carnal knowledge with a Person within the Degrees forbidden Of Incestare Lat. V. 605. No homely Morsels No course Fare Morsel of Morceau Fr. of Morsus Lat. a bit V. 609. And season him c. Season him with much Sinfulness thy sweetest and most delicious Dish the highest Morsel of Mortality Season Assaissonner Fr. Sasonare Ital. to relish with Salt or Spice V. 611. Or unimmortal
Lat. Errare to Wander to be Deceived V. 749. Scape Get off save himself Of the Fr. Eschapper to come off to free himself V. 750. By all his Engins With all his Tricks and Contrivances The Word seems a Derivative of Ingenium Wit and Cunning of which a great deal is requisite to find out those strange Engines and Mathematical Machines useful in raising great Piles and vast Weights V. 751. With his Industrious Crew With his Gang of Cunning Artificers Industrius Lat. Diligent Laborious V. 752. The Winged Heralds Heraut Fr. and Heraldo Span. come all from the Ger. Herold an Officer in a formal and remarkable Habit sent either to denounce War or to propose Terms of Cessation and Truce always held sacred and secure as to their Persons in Honour of their Office which is very ancient derived of Heer Dut. Army and Held Commander as sent from the General or Commander in Chief Milton has given them Wings not only as Angels but to express their speed V. 755. A Solemn Council A general publick Meeting to consider and consult of their Affairs Solennis Lat. publick great Concilium Lat. for Council and the place it is held in V. 756. At Pandaemonium A Name feigned by our Poet for Lucifer's Palace the famous Fabrick described before of the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. for wise skilful knowing a word not always taken in an ill sense though the Devils are call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from their extraordinary knowledge and cunning All-Devil-Hall or Satan's Court. Ibid. The High Capital Satan's chief place of Residence of Capitalis as this of Caput the Head and thence used for Chief Thus Rome was styled Caput Orbis Rerum Maxima Roma V. 757. Their Summons Of Semonce Fr. a calling before one a Citation and this of Summoneo Lat. to give Notice of V. 758. Squared Regiment Full and compleat Carré Fr. of Quadrare Lat. a Square being a Figure whose four sides are equal Regimentum Lat. a Band of Soldiers from Râ—gimen the Government they are or ought to be kept under V. 761. All access was throng'd Every place that led to the Infernal Palace was crowded all the Avenues thronged Accessus Lat. for Passage or Way to V. 762. The Porches wide Open spacious Places whose Roofs were commonly supported by Pillars made to avoid the Violence of Sun or Showers in which the ancient Philosophers taught and disputed of Porche Fr. and this of Porticus Lat. V. 763. Where Champions c. A Champion is properly a Challenger who to maintain and defend anothers Claim or Right was wont anciently to defie all Opposers that durst dispute it and give 'em Combat by way of Decision of the Lat. Campus a Field in which enclosed on all sides the Encounter usually was made V. 764. At the Soldan's Chair Before the Turkish Emperour seated in his Chair of State Soldan or Sultan are esteemed to be of Arabian by others of Persian Original and to signifie Power Dominion yet the word seems more naturally derivable of the Hebrew 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to Govern V. 765. Defi'd the best of Panim c. Challeng'd the stoutest of the Heathen Knights Defie of Defier Fr. to provoke to fight Panim of the Fr. Payen as this of Paganus Lat. a Countryman qui in Pagis degere solebat The Heathens were call'd Pagans because their Temples being Consecrated to Christ when his Holy Religion prevailed in the World and their Churches in all Cities sequester'd to his Service they were allowed their Idolatrous Worship only in Country Towns and Villages which being more ignorant and less apt to be enlighten'd continued longest there Ibid. Chivalry Horsemanship Gentlemen serving on Horsebaâ—k Chevalerie Fr. Knighthood and its cause Prowess of Cheval Fr. a Horse V. 766. To Mortal Combat To deadly fight Combat Fr. for Fight of Combatre to Fight of Con and Batuere Lat. to beat Ibid. Or Carreer with Lance Or running a Tilt a famous Exercise formerly in which Persons armed from Head to Foot and bravely mounted run full speed at one another and by breaking their Lances and continuing firmly seated in their Saddles shewed their Horsemanship Strength and Dexterity This sort of Encounter is by our Author distinguish'd from the Mortal Fray as being but Ludicrous and often used with great Pomp and Splendour at Feasts and Marriages Carriere Fr. running full speed on Horseback Lance of Lancea a Javeline a Spear ab aequâ Lance because poised before thrown or of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. for the same V. 767. Thick swarm'd Flew about in swarms like Bees to which he compares them in the following Verses To swarm comes of the Teutonick Shwarmen to fly in great Numbers V. 768. Brush'd with the hiss Sounding with the Noise made by their whistling Wings Hiss is a word made of the Similitue of the Sound of which it is expressive of the Tut. Zischen of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to make such a Noise as red hot Iron does when quench'd in Water So the Wind is said 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to whistle Ibid. Russling Wings Making a Noise sounding of the Belg. Ruysselen to make a hollow Sound a coined word V. 769. When the Sun with Taurus Rides When the Sun is in the Coelestial Sign named the Bull for which Taurus is Lat. placed by Jupiter among the Signs of the Zodiack in Memory of that Bull that transported his Mistriss Europa from Phoenicia to Crete Candidus auratis aperit cum Cornibus annum Taurus Georg. Lib. 1. in April V. 770. Pour forth their Populous Youth Send forth their Young Ones in vast Multitudes Populosus Lat. abounding full of People So Virg. Ut cum prima novi ducent examina Reges Vere suo Ludetque favis emissa juventus Georg. Lib. 4. V. 771. About the Hive in Clusters An exact Imitation of Homer describing the Crowds that followed Agamemnon after his Haranguing the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is exactly expressive of in Clusters of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Racemus a Bunch of Grapes V. 773. The Suburb of c. The Out-part of this little City thatcht with Straw Suburbia Lat. for Streets and Houses lying without the Walls of a City Citadelle Fr. is properly a small City also a strong Fort built within a City either to defend or curb it V. 774. New rubb'd with Baum Balm or as the Fr. Baulme is an Herb of a pleasing and grateful smell Its Name is Greek of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and by contraction Balm of Bees being delighted by all Odoriferous Herbs and perfumed Flowers Virgil as well as Experience tells us Haec circum casiae viridos olentia latè Serpylla graviter Spirantis copia Thymbrae Floreat Ibid. Expatiate Flee to and fro wander about of expatiari Lat. to go
search out his lonely way Explores of Explorare Lat. to search after to seek diligent Solitary Solitarius Lat. of Solus alone without a Companion V. 634. Now shaves with Level Wing Now cuts with downright Wing the Deep then rises aloâ—t up to the Flaming Vaulted Roof on high fetching a Fiery Compass Touring high taking a turn on high of Tour Fr. a Circle turn about of the Lat. Turris from its round Form V. 636. Concave Of Concavus Lat. hollow as Circular Vaults are Descried seen discover'd of discernere or of the Fr. Preposition des Lat. dis and the Vetb Cry to give Notice by Exclamation properly V. 637. Hangs in the Clouds by AEquinoxial Winds As when a Fleet discern'd far off at Sea seems hanging in the Clouds while heedfully they sail by Winds that blow about the Equinox through the Gulf of Bengala or from the Molucca Islands Ternate and Tydore whence our Merchants bring the East-India Spices The Sailers on the Wealthy Waves use all their diligence to make the Cape of Good-Hope yet warily by Night stand off through the vast Ethiopian Ocean towards the Southern Pole Ibid. AEquinoxial Winds By Winds that blow about the Equinoxes that is in Spring and Autumn March and September when Days and Nights are of like length Libra die somnique pares ubi fecerit horas Et Medium Luci atque umbris jam divider Orbem Virg. Geor. 1. Our Seamen call them Trade-Winds as our Poet does the Trading-Flood V. 638. Close sailing from Bengala The City of Bengala lies in a Bay to which it gives its Name and into which the famous Ganges empties his many Mouths about whose Borders the Kingdom of Bengala in the East-Indies is situate under the Dominion of the Great Mogul The Country is very fruitful and from thence and the Gulf of Bengala a vast Trade is driven with the European Nations Close sailing because of the vast disproportion between this Bay and the wide Ethiopean Ocean V. 639. Ternate and Tidore Two of the five small Islands called the Molucques on the Coast of East-India lying near the Line Machian Moties and Bachian are the Names of the other three from whence vast Quantities of Spice are sent all over the World V. 640. Their Spicy Drugs Their Spices or other Medicinal Plants used in Physick of which the Indies afford many Drug of the Fr. Drogue Herbs and Simples made use of in the curing Diseases V. 641. Ethiopian to the Cape Through the wide Southern Ocean to the Cape of Good-Hope call'd Ethiopian of AEthiopia the Lower the more Southern Part of Africa which it bounds Cape is a Promontory high Mountain or Headland running out into the Sea so call'd of Caput Lat. Head and that meant here is the Cape of Good-Hope it is a most famous Promontory in the most Southern part of Affrica first discovered by Bartho Diaz a Portuguese in the Year 1487. and call'd Cabo de Bona Speranza by Emanuel then King of that Country because he conceived hope by doubling this Cape a passage might be opened to the East-Indies as afterwards was effected V. 641. Ply stemming Nightly to the Pole Use their utmost diligence to make the Cape but for their security stand off every Night to Seaward towards the South Pole Ply of the Teur Pleyen to be diligent to take care of Stemming turning their Prows the Ships Heads towards the Pole for fear of Dangers in the Night of the Verb Stemm and that of Stem the Forecastle of a Ship from Stem to Stern as Sailors speak from one end of a Ship to the other Thus to Stem the Tyde a Ship is said when there is Wind enough to carry it against the Tyde V. 645. And thrice threefold the Gates Nine Gates three of Brass three of Iron and three of Rocky Adamant not for Ornament but Strength according to the usual Custom both of the Greeks and Latins who express those things that were most firm and strong by Adamant So Horace Si figit Adamantinos dira necessitas Clavos Virgil encompasseth his Hell with a threefold Wall Sub rupe sinistrâ Maenia lata videt triplici circumdata Muro AEn 6. And a little after Porta adversa ingens solidoque Adamante Columnae And Stat ferrea turris ad Auras Ibid. But his Barriers were but to keep in the wicked and condemned Sufferers thereof our Poet to confine and imprison the Fiends themselves yet for what he wants in Gates he has made good with the detestable River Styx Novies Styx interfusa coercet AEn 6. V. 647. Impenetrable impal'd c. Unpassable enclosed with surrounding Fire yet undecayed Impenetrable impenetrabilis Lat. not to be pierc'd through not to be broken through Impal'd encompass'd paled about enclosed of the Lat. Palus a Hedge-Stake Circling round on all sides of Circulus Lat. for a Figure compleatly round V. 648. A Formidable Shape A dreadful Figure Formidabilis Lat. affrighting terrible V. 650. In many a Scaly Fold Sin and Death are placed as Guardians of Hell-Gates which all the Power of Satan and his Infernal Legions never could have unbarr'd or broken through if Mankind by offending their Maker had not lent their helping Hands by the Commission of innumerable Sins subjecting themselves to Death and Hell This Description of Sin is genuine and exact resembled to a fair beautiful Woman down to the Waste but all below ending in many Snaky Folds deformed and ugly as the Night-Hag Intimating that how lovely and alluring soever Sin may seem in its first Approaches yet after Commission it ends in Nauseous Loathings and severe Remorse well express'd by a Serpents deadly Sting Sâ—aly Fr. of Escailles the Scales of Fishes V. 652. Voluminous and vast c. A twisting mighty Snake denoting the intricacy of Sin enticing us from less to greater till it involve us in Ruine inextricable Voluminous twisting and twining besetting us on all sides of Volumen Lat. the most proper word for the Turnings and Windings of a Serpent So Virg. Saucius at Serpens sinuosa volumina versat AEn 11. Vast of Vastus Lat. huge This seems an Imitation of Horace Ut turpiter atrum Definat in Piscem Mulier formosa superne De Arte Poet. or of the Story of Scylla following V. 500. V. 655. With wide Cerberian Mouths c. The yelling of these Hell-Hounds that never gave over Barking with Mouths as deep as the three-headed Cerberus their howling even when return'd and hid within the Womb that bare 'em denotes to us the never-ceasing Paâ—gs and dire Remorse of Conscience which though diverted and disturbed sometimes by Company Wine and other Artifices yet give us inward Pangs and secret Stings and break the Sinners meditated Mirth and amidst all their feigned Smiles and forc'd Jollities lash 'em within unseen and howl about their Heart-strings Cerberian Mouths as wide as those of Cerberus a Dog by the Poets feigned to lie at Hell-gate so called as if 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 greedy and devouring he
the Sax. Daegian to grow day V. 1038. Her fardest Verge Here the Creation and all Created Nature have their utmost Bounds Fardest is the Superlative of Far from the Sax. Feor or the Belg. Varre distant from Verge of the Fr. Verge and this is of the Lat. Virga a Rod is in our Law-Books called Virgata and is the compass of the King's Court whose most considerable Officers carry Virga's i. e. White Staffs to denote their Authority See Stat. 33 Hen. 8. c. 12. V. 1039. As from her utmost c. Retreating like an Enemy beaten from his Out-works V. 1040. With less Hostile Din With less furious Noise Hostile Din such a violent Clamour and Shout as Engaging Armies make Hostilis Lat. of Hostis Lat. an Enemy Din of the Sax. Dyn a Noise coined of such a sort of Sound as the Lat. Tinnio is V. 1042. Wafts on the calmer Wave Sails more easily or'e the smoother Sea more swift Wings through the gentle Air his way I have shewed before that Flying and Sailing are Metaphors convertible and used alternately by the Poets Calmer of Calm of the Fr. Calme gentle smooth applicable both to the Seas and Skies as depending on the Winds which raise and trouble both it is very probable that the Original is from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. heat of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to burn because in great heats the Weather is generally calm from want of Wind. Waft seems a Derivative of Wave a dancing o're the Waves V. 1044. Holds gladly the Port And like a Weather-beaten Ship is got safe into Harbour where the Sailers rejoyce thô damaged in her Sails and Rigging Shrouds are the Sails the Cloathing of the Ship of the Sax. Scrud Cloathing Tackle of the Belg. Taeckel a Rope V. 1045. Or in the emptier Waste Or in the thinner Space much like the Air poises his out-stretch'd Wings flaps his broad Wings poizing himself Waste of the Belg. Waest empty desolate of the Lat. Vastus great wide Resembling Ressemblant Fr. like to V. 1048. In Circuit undetermin'd Square Stretch'd out wide in compass hard to determine whether square or round as to its Shape and Figure Circuit of Circuitus Lat. the compass of a City or any Inclosure What Figure the Empyreal Heaven is of may be very hard to determine but the Héavenly Jerusalem described in the Revelations is said to be four-square Revel 21. v. 16. Square of the Ital. Squadrare the corruption of Quadrare Lat. to square Round Fr. Rond of Rotundus Lat. of a Circular Shape V. 1049. With Opal Towers With Towers of Precious Stones Opal Lat. Opalum a Stone of divers Colours partaking of the Carbuncles faint Fire the Amethists shining Purple and the Emralds pleasing Green V. 1050. Of Living Saphire Beautiful with Pinacles and Turrets of never-decaying Saphire Living Saphire bright and chearful full of Strength and Life 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a precious Stone so named of its clearness 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. bright perspicuous Battlements are Ornaments set on the Walls of great Cities Castles and other Noble Structures principally intended for Security against Assaults thence a Derivative of the Word Battel of the Lat. Batuere to sight Ibid. His Native Seat The Place of his Birth the Country of his Creation Heaven the Place of his former Happiness Nativus Lat. V. 1051. In a Golden Chain Our Poet seems to have borrowed this Golden Chain of Homer where he says 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Jupiter says if all the Gods with the Earth and the Sea hung upon a Golden Chain he would Pull 'em all up into Heaven c. V. 1052. This Pendant World This well-poized World the self-ballanc'd Earth Ponderibus librata suis Met. l. 1. Of which Job gives us the best account That God hangeth the Earth on Nothing c. 26. v. 7. And c. 38. v. 6. he dares Human Understanding to determine Whereupon are the Foundations thereof set or who laid the Corner-Stone thereof Ibid In bigness as a Star of smallest Magnitude In bulk like a Star of smallest size Many Stars not only of the first Magnitude but of smaller Sizes surpass and exceed the whole World by many Degrees as the Celestial Surveyors of the Heavens assure us the Earth being but a meer Point compared with the Firmament Gassend l. 1. c. 3. Stars of the first Greatness are 108 times as big as the Earth and those of the sixth Size 18 times yet is the Moon reckoned to be 39 times less than the Earth and is commonly accounted the Planet whose Sphear is nearest to it Gass. l. 2. c. 14. V. 1055. He hies He makes hast he makes all the speed he can of the Sax. Higan to use diligence NOTES On MILTON's PARADISE Lost. BOOK III. Verse 1. HAil Holy Light c. Hail Divine Light Illustrious First-born of the Almighty Word Oh thou bright Beam of everlasting Purity thy self as everlasting Hail the old word used in Salutations answering to the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Greeks and the Roman Salve of the Sax. Hael Health By this Hail the former of 'em is interpreted in the Salutation of the Angel Gabriel to the Mother of our Blessed Saviour 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Luc. 1. v. 28. mentioned by our Author in his Fifth Book On whom the Angel Hail Bestow'd the Holy Salutation used Long after to Blest Mary second Eve Ibid. First-born Light was doubtless the first and brightest Birth of Heaven without which even the Deity himself is inconceivable Speak not of GOD without Light was Plato's saying and what is there among all his Creatures so expressive of his Goodness Omniscience and Purity Who covereth himself with Light as with a Garment Psal. 104. v. 3. Light as to the Creation of this lower World was the first of all the Creatures that had the Almighty Fiat pronounced at its Production Then God said Let there be Light and there was Light Gen. 1. 3. So our Poet Forthwith Light Etherial first of all Things sprung from the Deep V. 2. Coeternal Thou bright Beam as everlasting as thy everlasting Father GOD Almighty Coaeternus Lat. of the same duration with Eternity V. 3. May I express thee unblam'd c. Blameless may I declare thee because God himself is Light and from Eternity in amazing brightness disdaining all approach of Human Eyes dwelt from Eternity dwelt then in the bright Emanation of the brightest Being Eternal Uncreate Ibid. GOD is Light Nothing can give us a clearer Idea of the Divine Incomprehensible Being than Light See him described His Brightness was as the Light Hab. 3. v. 4. God is Light and in him is no Darkness 1 John 1. v. 5. Every perfect Gift cometh from the Father of Lights Jam. 1. v. 17. V. 4. In unapproached Light Who dwelleth in the Light that none can approach unto whom no Man hath seen nor can see 1 Tim. 6. v. 16. When our Saviour appeared to St. Paul
excitatas ait ipsumque diem Lampada appellatum In Homil. de Nat. St. Joann In this sense Ahaz made his Son to go through the Fire 2 Kings 16. 3. V. 396. Grim Idol Ugly cruel Grimm Ger. Anger which distorts the Countenance and disorders it hence the Fr. Grimace for an ugly or ridiculous Face Ibid. Him the Ammonitâ— The Ammonites were descended from Lot by his youngest Daughter Gen. 19. 38. who called her Son 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Son of my People 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifying a Nation The worshipping this detestable Deity Moloch is called The Abomination of the Children of Ammon 1 Kings 11. 7. V. 397. Worshipt in Rabba A City beyond Jordan belonging to the Ammonites and Capital of their Kingdom besieged by Joab and taken by David before whose Walls Uriah was slain 2 Sam. Chap. 11. and 12. Her Plains are styled Watry from the many Springs and Brooks that gave Rabba the Name of The City of Waters 2 Sam. 12. 27. V. 398. Argob Was a Country part of the Dominion of Og King of Basan Deut. 3. 3 4. Jair Son of Manasseh took this Country to whose half Tribe it was allotted for a Possession Deut. 3. 13 and 14. Ibid. Basan Was all that Country under the Command of Og the last King thereof lying beyond Jordan from the River Arnon to Mount Hermon given in Allotment to the Reubenites Gadites and the half Tribe of Manasseh Deut. 3. 12 13. V. 399. Utmost Arnon A River beyond Jordan in the Country of the Ammonites being the farthest part Eastward possest by the Children of Israel therefore called utmost outermost as their Boundary on that side V. 400. Audacious Neighbourhood Nor was Moloch satisfied by being so bold a Neighbour to the True God as to invade the Land of Promise and to be worshipp'd in the borders of his Kingdom among the Idolatrous Ammonites but he seduced even Solomon himself to build him a Temple just o'er against God's Holy Temple at Jerusalem on that scandalous Hill c. Audax Lat. bold daring V. 401. Of Solomon The Son of David by Bathsheba 2 Sam. 12. 24. so named of God by Nathan the Prophet famous for his extraordinary Wisdom granted him by God 1 Kings 3. 12. and 1 Kings 4. 29. to the end V. 403. On that Opprobrious Hill Where Moloch's Temple was erected in the Valley of Minnom South East of Jerusalem by King Solomon 1 Kings 11. 7. to please and gratifie his Idolatrous Wives The Hill is deservedly called Opprobrious from the scandal which it gave not only to the People of God but to the Jealous God of his and their Fathers Opprobriosus Lat. repro chful V. 404. Valley of Hinnom This is sometime called the Valley of Benhinnom 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the Vale of the Children of Hinnom an usual Hebraism Jer. 7. 31. in which the Grove of Moloch stood Throughout the Sacred Text where-ever Idolatry is either reproved punish'd or abolish'd mention is made of Groves 2 Chron. 24. 18. They left the House of the Lord God of their Fathers and served Groves and Idols So 2 Chron. 14. 3. the planting of Groves near God's Altar was positively forbid Deut. 16. 21. as being a part of the Gentile Superstition Ingens ara fuit juxtaque veterrima Laurus Incumbens arae atque umbrâ complexa Penates AEn 11. Ibid. Tophet 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. a Drum the Name opprobriously and by way of detestation of the Grove where Moloch's Temple stood because they made use of many of those loud and noiseful Instruments to drown the dismal Outcries and Groans which proceeded from those cruel Sacrifices Jer. 7. 31 and 32. V. 405. Black Gehenna call'd Hell it self from its dismal Flames This Valley of Hinnon some fetch from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to roar to cry out through excessive torment It lay South-East of Jerusalem Josh. 15. 8. where Tophet stood 2 Kings 23. 10. From the Burnt sacrifices of Infants and the horrid Groans and Outcries of Human Holocausts Hell the Seat of Eternal Punishment and Penal Fire was named Gehenna read Isai. 30. 33. and our blessed Saviour himself so applies it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Matth. 18. 9. Type the Image the Resemblance of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. the Form or Likeness V. 406. Chemos the Idol of Moab Jer. 47. 7 and 13. from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to hide 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 says Philo Judae both importing a behaviour fit to be concealed Origen who search'd the Hebrew Authors confesseth he could find no other account of this Chemos and Peor which are the same but that it was Idolum Turpitudinis St. Hierom on the 9 Chapter of Hosea likens it to Priapus whose Lascivious Deity was worshipp'd by shameful Prostitutions And indeed in Numb 25. 1 Kings 15. 2 Chron. 15. 16. and in all other Texts of Holy Writ where mention is made of this abominable Idol his Worship is attended with and exprest by all the Lustful and Wanton Enjoyments imaginable Of the same Opinion is our Milton who therefore styleâ— Chemos the Oâ—scene Dread of the Moabiâ—es and his Rites Wanton ' But our Learned Selden disagrees and not without sufficient Reason on his side for Idolatry throughout the Old Testament is every where exprost by going a Whoring after strange Gods and by Lust and Abominations as is sufficiently evident Ezek. 23. The Whoredoms which the Israelites committed with the Daughters of Moab cannot be proved to have been any part of the Idolatrous Rites performed in Worshipping this their God but rather the Allurements and Rewards these fair Idolatresses bestow'd on their Admirers by which they ensnared them to bow down before their senseless Deities and to provoke the Living God Read Numb 25. Ibid. The Obscene Dread The filthy Fear the lustful Deity the beastly lascivious God of the Moabites Dread for Deity Primus in orbe deos fecit timor And Ovid speaking of Styx so much reverenced of all that swore by it Stygii quoque conscia sunto Numina torrentis timor deus ille deorum Met. Lib. 3. Obscaenus Lat. unclean unchaste abominable Moab the Father of the Moabites was the Son of Lot by his eldest Daughter Gen. 19. 37. V. 407. From Aroar to Nebo The first a City West of the later a Hill East of the Promised Land whence Moses took his prospect of it Deut. 34. 1. V. 408. Of Southmost Abarim Mountains of Moab bordering on the Desart Southward and therefore wild a Wilderness not far from Mount Nebo Numb 33. 47. V. 409. In Hesebon and Horonaim c. Chief Cities of Seon King of the Amorites from whence he had driven out the Moabites Numb 21. 26. Jerem. 48. 3 4 and 5. V. 410. The Flow'ry Dale of Sibma The Fruitful Vale Dale of the Dan. Dall the Germ. Thall all of Vallis Lat. which seems to spring of the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be green to abound and flourish as Valleys
cheat into allicere V. 448. Damsels The young Syrian Ladies of the Fr. Damoiselle a word signifying a young Woman of Quality Ibid. To lament his Fate To bemoan his untimely Death Lamentor Lat. to bewail Fatum Lat. Death V. 449. In Amorous Ditties In Love-Songs made of Venus and Adonis Amoreux Fr. loving Ditty quasi dictum Songs composed and indited V. 450. Smooth Adonis As unwrinckled in his Flood as in his youthful Face Adonis is the Name of a River arising out of a Rocky part of Mount Libanus which runs bloody the Day his Death is commemorated on as Lucian tells us Hence this Rock is named Native from Nativus Lat. born Adonis is deducible from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lord 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hesych the Son of Cinyra King of Cyprus by his Daughter Myrrha He was the Favorite of Venus and to her grief killed by a Wild Boar. Meta. Lib. 10. V. 451. Ran Purple Of a dark Dye as stain'd with the Blood of Thammuz yearly slain Purpura Lat. as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. for that Colour V. 453. Infected Sions c. The Love-Story the Jewish Ladies to like pity moved Infected of Inficio Lat. to corrupt to stain V. 454. Whose Wanton Passions Whose loose behaviour in the holy Porch of the Temple c. Ezek. 8. is to be read Sacer Lat. holy Porticus Lat. for a place raised on Pillars and cover'd over head fit to walk under free from the Sun or Shower V. 455. When by the Vision led The two usual ways by which God made known his Will to his People under the Dispensation of the Old Law were Visions and Dreams Numb 12. 6. Visio Lat. for an appearance a shew This Vision our Author mentions is recorded Ezek. 8. and at the third Verse The Spirit lift me up between the Earth and the Heaven and brought me to Jerusalem 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the Visions of God V. 456. Survay'd Mark'd heedfully beheld from the old Fr. Surveoir quasi supervidere V. 457. Of Alienated Judah Departed from serving the Living God to worship Stocks and Stones To alien or alienate is a Law-Term for transferring the Property of an Estate to one who had before no Right to it from alienus Lat. a Stranger well applyed to shew how God's Children and Inheritance had alienated and made themselves over to Sin and Satan Judah was the fourth Son of Jacob by Leah from whom the Jews were call'd Judaei and the Land of Promise Judea Jer. 29. 35. V. 459. Maim'd his Brute Image Lamed his senseless Image Maim from whence this word is of Mancus Lat. Lame defective in one Member or other Ibid. Head and Hands lopt off A Metaphor taken from lopping and cutting of the Branches of Trees with which in a Man according to the Comparison of a Tree reverst the Hands and Feet seem to correspond Read 1 Sam. 5. 2 3 4 and 5. V. 460. On the Grundsel-Edge On the Foot-post of his Temple-Gate from the Sax. Ground the Earth next which it generally lieth V. 462. Dagon his Name Sea-monster 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is thought to have been half a Fish and half a Man a Monster like a Triton but with the Head of a Fish Idolum Dagon quod Colebatur à Philistaeis habebat caput piscis Ideo vocatur Dagon quia Hebraeum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 significat piscem Lyran. But 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies Corn and he was called Oannes and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as the Learned Selden tells us The clearest account we have of this Idol is from Helladius who relates that a Man cloathed in a Fishes Skin first taught the Syrians the manner of Tilling the Ground and Sowing of Corn for which he obtained a Temple and Divine Honours worshipp'd in the form of an Image upward a Man covered over with Ears of Corn and downward a Fish because of his Habit and his retiring every Night towards the Red-Sea a Mysterious involving perhaps of the share that moisture has in all the Productions and Fruits of the Earth Mention is made of this monstrous Idol Judg. 16. 23. 1 Chron. 10. 10. 1 Maccab. 10. 84. Ibid. 11. 4. V. 464. Azotus Ashdod once a principal City of the Philistins now a Village by the Turks named Alzete Of this and the other four that follow read 1 Sam. 6. 17. V. 465. Gath another of the five Regal Cities of the Philistins famous for its Champion Goliah 1 Sam. 16. 4. Ibid. Ascalon Scalona a City in the Holy Land on the Mediterranean Sea between Azoâ—us and Gaza one of the five chief Cities V. 466. Accaron or Ecron heretofore a famous City of the Philistins now a poor Village Ibid. Gaza's once a beautiful and rich City of Palestine taken by the Tribe of Judah Judg. 1. 18. It was the fifth Ruling City of the Philistins seated near the Shore of the Mediterranean on the Confines of Idumea towards Egypt and therefore called Frontier Bounds the Borders the Confines of a Country of the Fr. Frontiere as this of the Lat. Frons the Forehead V. 467. Rimmon 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the Sacred Language signifies a Pomegranate and is mentioned 2 Kings 5. 18. as the chief God of Damascus holding this Fruit in his Hand thence esteemed the Protector of the People who had it either in their Orchards or their Arms by some supposed Jupiter Cassius represented with a Pomegranate in his Hand worshipp'd on the Confines of Mount Cassius near to Damascus The Learned Selden thinks it more reasonable to derive the Name of this Idol of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 high and exalted because he finds in Hesychius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to signifie 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Dissonancy between Raman and Rimmon after so many Ages not being worth taking notice of V. 468. Fair Damascus The principal and most ancient City of Syria seated in a Plain surrounded with Hills uncertain when or by whom built but because mentioned by Abraham Gen. 15. 2. The Steward of my House is this Eliezer of Damascus Fame will have it built by Abraham's Servants Ibid. Fertil Fruitful Fertilis Lat. encreasing abounding in Fruit Corn c. V. 469. Albana and Pharphar Two Rivers of Damascus 2 Kings 5. 12. Lucid clear of Lucidus Lat. bright V. 471. A Leper once he lost Naaman the Syrian 2 Kings 5. 14. Leper of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Leprosie of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. rough full of Scabs and Asperities like Scales of Fish Of this Disease and the care God himself took of it see Levit. 13. and 14 Chapters V. 472. Ahaz his sottish Conquerour His dull his foolish Conquerour to fall down and worship Gods he had vanquisht as it follows Read the Story 2 Kings 16. 10. V. 473. Gods Altar to disparage To slight and contemn To disparage is properly to undervalue a Person or Thing by a Comparison mean and disproportionate from the Detractive
Father or Mother side or for their Gallant Actions advanced amongst them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lucian Divisque videbit Permistos Heroas atque ipse videbitur illis Virg. Ecl. 4. V. 554. Deliberate Valour breathed Inspired 'em with sedate and settled Courage not like the Huffing Heats of Vaunting Bravoes but Valiant Resolutions not to be shaken by fear of Death to them less dreadful than Flight or a dishonourable Retreat Deliberate Deliberatus Lat. advised resolved Retreat Fr. Retraicte of Retrahere Lat. to draw back V. 556. To mitigate and swage To make easie and supportable of mitigare to appease to render mild and gentle to swage or as more usual to asswage is to give ease to by perswading as if from suadere Lat. to reason with Others will have it from suavis sweet to asswage troubled Thoughts to sweeten 'em and take off their sharpness with which they gaul us V. 557. With solemn Touches With their grave Tones Touch is put here for the Tune made by those Touches and Stops upon the Flute or other Instrument V. 558. Anguish Extraordinary Affliction of Body or Mind of the Lat. Augustia or Angor V. 559. From Mortal or Immortal Musick has been in all Ages so justly admired that after its first Invention it was introduced early into the Service and Worship of the Gods either as pleasing them and asswaging their Anger or as useful to calm and compose the Minds of their Adorers and fix their Wandring Thoughts The Immortal Minds here meant are Spirits and Angels principally those in pain V. 560. Breathing united Force Being all of one piece Unitus Lat. where many are joyned together as if but one resolute to stand by one another to the uttermost V. 561. That charm'd their painful Steps c. The Musick so inchanted them that they forgot or at least better endured their fiery March Charm comes of Carmen Lat. for Verse in which all those foolish Pretences to supernatural Power were writ Cantando rumpitur anguis Virg. V. 563. A horrid Front A dreadful Line of Battel a terrible Number Exercitûs frons Tac. the Vauntguard or fore-part of the Army Frons Lat. Forehead Ibid. In guise According to the manner of Guise an old Fr. word for Mode or Fashion Hence to disguise to do something that disorders and hides our former shape or manner V. 568. Traverse the whole Battalion Quite cross the whole Body of Men à travers Pays Fr. cross the Country Battalion Fr. a Gross of Men drawn up in greater Numbers and sit to charge in Day of Battel V. 570. Their Visages Their Looks of Visage Fr. Countenance of the Lat. Visus V. 572. Distends with Pride Swells with Pride of Distendo Lat. to stretch V. 574. Such imbodied Force So great so vast a Force and Multitude in one Body joyned together never met as compared with those could bear more just Proportion than Pigmies do to all the rest of Mankind though all the Giants and the Heroes of old that fought at Thebes or Troy and all their fabulous Gods that took their parts were numbred and enrolled with them and all who since c. V. 575. Could merit more Could deserve any higher Comparison of mereo or mereor Lat. to deserve V. 576. Then that small Infantry warr'd on by Cranes A Periphrasis or Description of the Pigmies seated about the Bounds of India among the Mountains about three spans high continual Adversaries to the Cranes whom though our Poet terms Infantry a word importing Soldiers serving on Foot yet they were wont every Spring mounted on Rams and Goats to march with all their Multitude down to the Sea armed with Bows and Arrows there to encounter the Cranes and to destroy their Eggs and Young Ones lest their Winged Enemies should grow too fast upon ' em During this Expedition which took up almost three Months they encamped in Huts made of Mud and Feathers sized o'er with the Whites of the Eggs where their Enemies lay in Embryo's Plin. Lib. 7. Cap. 2. That there was also in Thrace a parcel of this Diminutive People the same Author reports Lib. 4. Cap. 11. with whom Juven agrees Sat. 13. Ad subit as Thracum volucres nubemque sonoram Pygmaeus parvis currit bellator in Armis Mox impar hosti raptusque per aera curvis Unguibus à saevâ fertur grue c. Ubi tota cohors pede non est altior uno Ibid. Of these and their Conflicts with their Long-neck'd Adversaries who used to over-reach 'em 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Infantry L'Infanterie Fr. Fanteria Ital. of the old word Fante a Foot-Soldier or a Servant for the Foot were counted Servants and Followers of the Cavalry of Infans Lat. not only for a Child but a Boy and thence a Servant Crane not unlikely of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Greek for that Bird by leaving out the Termination a Bird with a long Neck whence that useful Engine the Crane took its Name both in Greek and Latin from from its shape Ibid. The Giant Brood The Race of the Giants 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. for one of an extraordinary Size exceeding the usual Dimensions of Mankind such as Briareos Typhon and others of whom before 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 V. 577. Of Phlegra A City of Macedonia near Mount Pindus of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to burn because seated in a Soyl abounding in Brimstone where the Giants are fabled to have fought the Gods and by frequent Thunderbolts to have been overcome the Sulphureous Nature of the Country affording an occasion of the Fiction V. 578. That fought at Thebes Theba Lat. a Renowned City of Beotia in Greece famous for the War between Eteocles and Polynices Sons of Oedipus recorded by Statius in his Poem The chief Heroes were Meneceus Hyppomedon Tydeus Capaneus Amphiaraus c. There have been several Cities of this Name one in Cilicia another in Egypt with 100 Gates Atque vetus Thebae centum jacet obruta Portis Juv. Sat. 15. Of this the Fruitful Province Thebais took its Name this here meant had but seven as the same Satyrist has it Quot sunt The barum Portae vel divitis ostia Nili Now a poor Village called Stives by the Turks Ibid. Ilium Troy call'd Ilium of Ilus the Son of Tros who much inlarged it a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia Iliacae primus pater urbis auctor AEn 8. Renowned for its Extent Riches and the Ten Years War and Siege it sustained against united Greece The Principal Heroes were Hector AEneas Agamemnon Achilles Nestor Ulysses the two Ajaxes Patroclus Idomeneus Diomedes c. Immortalized by Homer in his Iliads who introduces all the Gods siding in the Quarrel and therefore here by Milton styled Auxiliaries Auxiliaris from Auxilium Lat. Aid Assistance Mulciber in Trojam pro Trojâ stabat Apollo AEqua venus Teucris Pallas iniqua fuit Ovid. Read the
Engagement of the Gods 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 V. 579. And what resounds Makes so much Noise in Stories and Romances of the Lat. resonare to sound or ring again V. 580. Or Romance The German Nations who overthrew the Western Empire did for a long time retain their ancient Language which at last began to be intermixt with that of their Subjects and Larded with Latin words which they call'd the Roman Language to distinguish it from their own In this corruptly mixt Latin Language many Military Love-Stories were writ by the Romans whence they took the Name of Romances in this kind of writing but in their own Language the French are very frequent Ibid. Uther's Son Of Ether Welth for Admirable a King of the Britains or as if 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Happy-Hunter Uther and Arthur and all their Descendants though they gave Noble Subjects for the Histories of the Ages they lived in yet by the gross Ignorance that over-spread those times there is nothing transmitted to us but what is foolishly fabulous and fantastick V. 581. Begirt with British and Armorick Knights Surrounded encompass'd with English and French Men of Mars British of Britain Armorick of Bretagne in France formerly called Aremorica conquer'd by the Britains under Maximus Anno 389. Vicit Aremoricas animosa Britannia Gentes Et dedit imposito nomina prisca Jugo V. 582. Baptiz'd or Infidel Christians or Unbelievers Heathens Baptized of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to dip or plunge in Water as the manner was of St. John's Baptism in Jordan Infidel Infidelis Lat. one that does not believe in the Messias our blessed Saviour Jesus Christ. V. 583. Jousted in Aspramont or Montalban Ran a Tilt of the Fr. Juster to encounter on Horseback armed with a Launce an Exercise frequent and famous in former Ages Aspramoâ—t and Montalban Romantick Names of Mons Asper Lat. a Rough Rock and Mons Albanus perhaps Montanban a City of France in the Connes of Aquitaine V. 584. Damasco Damâ—scus of which see V. 468. Ibid. Marocco A City and Kingdom in Affrica a considerable part of Mauritania Tingitaâ—a extended along the Atlantick Ocean This before Fez became the Capital was one of the greatest Cities in the World Ibid. Trebisond Trabisonde Trapezus the Capital City of Capadocia in the lesser Asia near the Euxine Sea having a large and secure Haven taken by Mahomet the Second Emperour of the Turks in the Year 1460. V. 585. Whom Biserta sent from Affrick The Saracens Biserta the Modern Name for Utica a City of the Kingdom of Tunis in Affrica famous for the Sirname it gave to the Immortal Cato Uticensis who here kill'd himself From this Country the Saracens expell'd the Romans Afric Lat. Africa is one of the four Principal Parts of the Earth bounded on the North by the Midland Sea on the West and South by the Ocean Eastward by the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulph joyned to Asia by a small Neck of Land of 60 Miles long It has its Name from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cold because there is little or none in that Climate V. 586. When Charlemain c. Charlemain or Carolus Magnus was King of France and Emperour of Germany who about the Year 800. undertook a War against the Saracens in Spain where Aigoland Bellingan Marsiles and Idnabala had erected several petty Kingdoms these joyned against Charlemain who in his Royal Army had with him Milon Count of Angiers his Brother-in Law Roâ—land his Nephew Renaud of Montauban Roger the Dane Arnold of Belland c. famous Warriours Subjects of the French fabulous Romances who in that Illiterate Age confounded their Story and cover'd it with much Confusion and Obscurity Aigoland one of these Saracen Kings light upon Milen so advantagiously about Bayon that he cut him and 40000 French Men in pieces entered Gâ—scony and besieged Agen. At another time Bellingand â—lew Rowland and defeated a considerable Army And though this War lasted 14 Years I can no where find that this Emperour was killed by 'em but that by degrees he Master'd them dying peaceably in the Year 814 and lieth buried at Aix la Chapella Ibid. With all his Peerage With all his Nobility Peerage the Priviledge of being a Peâ—r or Nobleman V. 587. By Fontarabbiâ— called by the Spaniard Fuentarabia Fâ—ns Râ—pâ—dus or Flâ—entum rapidum a very strong Town in Biscay in Spain seated on the Shore of that Bay at high-Water surrounded by the Sea and so fortified that at the lowest Ebb not easily to be attempted Charles the Fifth added much to its Strength and call'd it his Pillow V. 588. These beyond compare of Mortal Prowess These Warriour-Angels did as far exceed all Mankind in point of Power and Courage as all the Heroes of old Greece or Troy c. are above the Comparison of Pigmies encountring Cranes Mortal Prowess Human Courage of the Fr. Proiiessc He above the rest V. 590. In Shape and Gesture proudly eminent He in Carriage and Behaviour high exalted above the rest Gesture of Gero Gestus est compositio corporis habitus quem in dicendo aut movendo observamus the Behaviour or graceful Motions of Speech and Carriage Eminent of Eminens Lat. higher exalted of eminâ—o to excel V. 591. Stood like a Tow'r Appear'd above 'em all like a stately Tower that over-looks the humbler sort of Buildings of the Fr. Tour. as that of Turris and this of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. a Tower Thus Virg. describes the Venerable Cybele Mother of the Gods Berecynthia Mater Invehitur curâ—u Phrygias tuâ—rita per urbes AEn 6. V. 592. All her Original Brightness His Divine Shape and Heavenly Features had not quite lost their Primitive first Beauty nor did he appear other than an undone Arch Angel and the hâ—ighth of Brightness dimmed and overcast Originalis Lat first that belongs to one from his beginning Excessus Lat. exceeding Obscured darken'd Oâ—sâ—urus Lat. hid V. 594. As when the Sun c. As when the Sun just up looks through the Air that 's thick near the Horizon bereav'd of all his Beams or by the Moons dark disk Eclipst a dismal Twilight casts on half the World and with sad thoughts of change disturbs its Rulers V. 595. Horizontal Misty Air That is always more gross and thick near the Horizon Horizontal of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lat. Finiens Finitor the Limiter and is so named because it bounds and limits our sight when we look round as far as our Eyes will reach where the Earth or the Sea and Sky seem to touch and kiss one another Nec sidera tota Ostendit Libycae Finitor Circulus Orae Luc. Lib. 9. V. 596. Shorn of his Beams Bereav'd and robb'd of the Rays of Light that surround his Glorious Head Shorn as if his shining Head had all its glorious Locks cut off and he appear'd bald without his Perruque powder'd with dazling Light of which our Author assigns the true Reason the Foggy Air and grois Mists
each his own way as Inclination or the sad Survey of their dark Dungeon leads them Ranged of Ranger or Arranger Fr. to draw into Order V. 526. Truce to his restless Thoughts Ease to his tortured Mind Truce Treves Fr. of the Ger. Trew Faith is a temporary or short Peace agreed on by Enemies upon mutual Faith given The Iroksom Hours to pass away the unpleasant Hours Irksom as if Werksom painful of Werk the Lincolnshire Word for Grief or Pain V. 531. As at the Olympian Games One of the four Celebrated Games of Graece was Instituted by Hercules in Honour of his Father Jupiter Olympius not far from the City Olympia in Elis after he had revenged himself on Augeas the King of that Province It was observed every fifth year and the Exercises were five Cuffing Running Dancing Quoiting and Wrestling Cursibus crudo decernet Graecia cestu Geor. 3. The Victor was Crown'd with a Garland of Olive That Hercules and not any of the five Idean Brothers was the Institutor of these Olympic Games Pindar attests 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pind. in Olymp. Pisa was part of Elis near the River Alpheus Aut Alphea rotis praelabi fllumina Pisae Et Jovis in Luco currus agitare volantes Geor. 3. Hor. Od. 1. 1. 1. Quos curriculo pulverem Olympicum collegisse juvat 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Olympic Races were at first invented in Honour and Memory of the Sun's Motion Ibid. Or Pythian Fields Where the Pythian Games were as Ovid tells us Instituted by Apollo after he had slain the vast Serpent Python to perpetuate the Memory of his Victory Neve Operis famam possit delere vetustas Instituit sacros celebri certamine ludos Pythia de domitae Serpentis nomine dictos His juvenum quicunque manu pedibusve rotâve Vicerat Oesculeae capiebat frondis honorem Nondum Laurus erat Met. 1. 1. But in Memory of the Debauchery attempted by him on the Nymph Daphne the Victors were afterwards Crowned with Laurel V. 532. Part curb their fierce Steeds Some of them are employed in governing and taming their high-metled Horses making them governable and obedient to Hand and Heel Part of Lat. Pars a Portion To Curb is to with-hold to hold in to stop or keep from running away of the Fr. Courber to bend This is a manifest imitation of Virg. AEn 6. Quae gratia curruûm Armorumque fuit vivis quae cura Nitentes Pascere Equos eadem sequitur tellure repostos Ibid. Or shun the Goal with rapid Wheels Metaque fervidis Evitata rotis Hor. lib. 1. Od. 1. In Charior-Racing the Art of the Driver was shewn in turning round and not touching the Goal attempted often with extream Hazard Goal Fr. Gaule a long Pole or Post used to mark the Place where the Course ended and therefore well applied by Virg. Hic tibi mortis erant metae AEn 12. Rapid swift Lat. Rapidus V. 533. Or fronted Brigad's form Or range and draw their Troops up facing each other when an Army is Embattled the Line next the Enemy is called the Van or Front of the Army from Exercitûs Form Lat. Formare to shape fashion bring into form V. 535. Waged in the c. Wage cometh of the Fr. Gager to Fight give Battle or Engage War being the worst of Wagers V. 537. Before each Van prick forth c. From before each Army the nimble active Knights light as the Air where they Encounter spur their Coursers on and point and level their Lances at each other till the main Grosses joyn Van the fore Front of an Army of the Fr. Avant the fore part so their Avantgarde the Vantguard Prick of Piquer Fr. to Ride to Spur a Horse whence to Pickeer signifyeth to Ride out from a Body of Men going to Charge and single out some Daring Man engaging with Sword and Pistol as formerly with Launce generally performed on Horseback and therefore a Derivative of Piquer and not of Pike Couch their Spears lower let fall their Launces and drop 'em so as to run full tilt against the Adversary Fr. Coucher to lay along Spears in marching being born upright let fall to a level in an Encounter V. 538. With Fâ—ats of Arms With Warlike Deeds with bold Exploits Fr. Faict an Action V. 539. From either end of Heaven c On every side the Firmament seems on Fire where the Heaven seemeth to our sight to have an End hard to be found in Bodies circular Welkiâ— the Sky the Region of the Air Sax. Welen These Warlike Apparitions may be well supposed sent to forewarn Proud and Luxurious Cities they being seldom fancied to appear but in disastrous Times and eminent Dangers our own Stories afford us some of these fighting Phaenomena about the time of our Civil Wars V. 540. Others with vast Typhean Rage c. Others more boistrous with Gigantic Rage tear Hills and Rocks and in Hurricanes Tempest the Air so hideous that Hell it self can scarce contain the dire Turmoil Typhaean a Derivative of Typhaeus or Typhon one of the Gigantic Invaders of Heaven of whom before Book 1. Ver. 199. Fell of the old Fr. word Felle Cruel whence Fellon V. 541. Rend Or Rent of the Sax. Rendean to tear up V. 543. As when Alcides c. As raging mad and furious as Hercules who having fought with Achelous and won Deianira the Daughter of Oeneus King AEtolia coming to the River Euenus Nessus the Centaur would needs undertake to carry the Bride over to whom after Hercules was got to the other side he offered Violence but was immediately slain by one of the Arrows that had killed the Venomous Hydra the Revengeful Ravisher mixing his Bloud with the Poyson that infected the deadly Dart perswaded the credulous Lady that the Garment stained with his Gore would prove a most certain Antidote against her Husband's wandering Affections as famous for the Conquests gained o're him by the fair Sex as he was for his own Hercules afterwards having subdued Oechalia a City of Boeotia brought thence the Charming Iole Daughter of Erytus King of that Country and Landing in Eubaea was busie in Erecting an Altar to return Thanks by Sacrifice to his Father Jupiter when Deianira jealous of his new Mistress sent Lychas to him with the Poyson'd Robe which stuck so close to him that he pulled the Flesh from his Bones endeavouring to get it off whereupon he made himself a Funeral Pile of Thessalian Pines and burnt himself thereon Venerat Eveus rapidas Jove natus ad undas Met. 9. Where read this Story Hercules was the Son of Jupiter and Alcmena named Alcides of his Grandfather Alcaeus as Euripides testifies 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Victor ab Oechalia Cenaeo sacra parabat Vota Jovi Met. l. 1. V. 544. Th' Invenom'd Empoison'd with the Bloud of Nessus Fr. Envenimé of In and Venenum Lat. Poison Praetulit imbutam Nesseo Sanguine vestem
they were incapable of division into lesser Particles of whose blind and fortuitous Concourse Epicurus and Democritus fancied the Glorious Universe to have been made a Whimsy so ill agreeing with our Author's Philosophy that he has allowed their Atoms a very different Place from any in Nature esteeming them aright the Offspring and Subjects of blind Ignorance and black Confusion V. 901. In their several Clans In their several Tribes in their divers Companies Clan is a Word among the Highland Scots signifying a Tribe perhaps of the British Llann Area to denote those that live on the same Spot or on Lands belonging to one of their great Leading Chiefs V. 902. Light Arm'd or heavy Having engaged these contesting Atoms as before Amongst the Noise of endless Wars at V. 286. he continues the Warlike Metaphor some of them are light Arm'd or heavy Levis or Gravis Armaturae according to their Inclinations to the Qualities Dry or Moist and thence Swifter or Slower c. V. 904. Of Barca or Cyrene ' s torrid Soil As numberless as the Sands in the fiery Region of Barca or Cyrene Barca the Chief City of the sandy Libya of which Silius Ital. AEternumque arida Barce Lib. 2. Of this Country and its Inhabitants Hinc deserta siti regio lutéque furentes Barcaei AEn 4. Barce sitientibus arida venis Sil. Ital. lib. 3. Cyrene a Province of the thirsty Libya full of Sand and deficient in Water it had five Cities in it of which Cyrene was the Chief and gave Name to the whole Country it was built by Battus one of their Kings Nec non Cyrene Pelopei stirpe nepotis Battiadas parves fidei stimulavit in arma Sil. Ital. l. 3. Soil of Solum Lat. Earth Ground the comparison of these flying Clouds of Sands does not only suit well with Atoms as to their Infinitude but as to their Motion also according to the Epicurean and Democritic Hypothesis of the Atomical Structure of the Vniverse V. 905. Levy'd to side with Warring Winds Raised for the Service of conflicting Winds of Lever Fr. to raise Warring Winds fighting Winds not engaging one against another but making War with whatsoever stands in their way Regna videt pauper Nasamon errantia vento Discussasque domos Volitantque a culmine raptae Detecto Garamante casae Non altius ignis Rapta vehit Quantumque licet consurgere fumo Et violare diem tantum tenet aera Pulvis Luc. l. 9. The Roman Soldiers that marched through Libya with the Noble Cato had a terrible Encounter with one of these Storms of Sand and Wind intermix'd Tum quoque Romanum solito violentior agmen Aggreditur nullusque potest consistere miles Instabilis raptis etiam quas calcat arenis Sic orbem torquente noto Romana juventus Prâ—â—ubuit metuensque rapi c. Ibid. Ibid. To poise their lighter Wings To give weight to their airy Blasts and thereby encrease their mighty force Cambyses infamous for his Impiety against the Gods of his Times as well as for his Cruelty to Men sent an Army to overturn the Temple of Jupiter Ammon which when Alexander visited he saw in four days time neither Man Beast Bird Tree nor River seated in the most Southern part of Cyrene but the Prince of the Air encountered his Forces with such a dreadful Tempest of flying Sand that it overbore them and buried most of them in the Libyan Desert Alligat stantes affusae magnus arenae Agger immoti terrâ surgente tenentur Luc. l. 9. To Poise Peser Fr. the Winds are said to ballance themselves with Sand to add the more Weight to their Fury This seems an imitation of Virgil concerning Bees Adventantibus Euris Saepe lapillos Ut cymbae instabiles fluctu jactante suburram Tollunt his sese per inania nubila librant Geor. 4. Balance Poise themselves V. 906. To whom these most adhere He of these four Champions to whom most of these aiding Atoms joyn themselves is for one moment Master of Misrule This place is mistaken by Mr. Hog the Latin Translator of our Author who has thus expressed it Cui se miscuerant vento magis ille parumper Imperat. Adhere of Adhaerere to stick to to side with V. 907. Chaos Umpire sit Confusion sits Judge of the Contest and by his Judgment does encrease the Quarrel thereby supporting his own Power An Umpire is a Person to whose Judgment and Equity the Determination of any Controversie is referred Decision of Decisio Lat. for determining deciding of Decidere to determine or judge V. 908. Imbroils the Fray Makes the Contest more intricate and endless Imbroils of Embrouiller Fr. to intangle to confound Fray a Quarrel a Scuffle of the Fr. Effrayer to affright V. 910. High Arbiter Chance governs all Chance or Fortune most commonly so called may well be the chief Substitute of Chaos a fit Deputy to Confusion of which many have as great an Esteem now adays as the Heathens had formerly Sors omnia versat Ecl. 10. Fo rs incerta vagatur Fertque refertque vices habent mortalia casum Luc. 2. Fortuna omnipotens ineluctabile fatum Fortune and Fate seeming Contradictions AEn 8. Arbiter Lat. for an Elective Judge between Man and Man and seems the same with Umpire Chance of the Fr. Chance of Cheance what may happen of Cheoir Fr. to fall out to chance Ibid. Into this wild Abyss c. Into this wide gawping Gulf the Womb of all Things and perhaps their Tomb into this empty Chasma this vast Hollow that contains nor Sea nor Land nor Air nor Fire but all this mix'd together in their powerful Causes big with them strugling and contending and which must always do so unless it shall please GOD Almighty the Maker of all Things to use them as the hidden Materials of more Worlds and by his powerful Word to distinguish and bring them into Being Abyss 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. is here to be understood of a bottomless Deep a vast Emptiness immeasurable and immense styled by him before The Hoarie Deep V. 891. and there described of the Privative 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bottom used Revel 9. v. 1 and 2. The bottomless Pit understood there and in other places of that dark Book of Hell V. 916. His dark Materials His secret Materials how the World and all Things it contains was made of Nothing by the Almighty Architect is so obscure to our finite Understandings that the Materials may well be called Dark Materials of Materialis belonging to the Matter Materia Lat. V. 919. For no narrow Frith he had to cross For he had no small Streight to pass Frith of Fretum a narrow Sea streighten'd between the Land V. 921. To compare c. Sic parvis componere magna solebam Virg. Ecl. 1. Compare Comparare Lat. to liken to V. 922. Then when Bellona storms c. Nor was his Ear assaulted with Noises less roaring and destructive than
a Ladder of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. a Ladder V. 193. Lewd Hirelings Wicked Mercenary Priests Avaritious greedy Hirelings of the Sax. Hira a Mercenary Servant Lewd is a word expressing general Wickedness of Laerede signifying a Laick one of the common People and therefore more Flagitious generally than the Clergy a dissolute Person as the word Laxus Lat. and as the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the same sense seems to signifie V. 195. The middle Tree The Tree of Life also in the midst of the Garden Gen. 2. Vers. 9. In the midst is a Hebrew Phrase expressing not only the Local Situation of this enlivening Tree but denoting its Excellency as being the most considerable the tallest goodliest and most lovely Tree in that beauteous Garden planted by God himself So Scotus Duran Valesius c. whom our Poet follows affirming it the highest there that grew To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the Tree of Life which is in the midst of the Paradise of God Revel 2. Vers. 7. V. 196. Sate like a Cormorant A very Voracious Sea-Fowl and a great Devourer of Fish its Name is the Corruption of Corvus Marinus Lat. the Sea-Crow V. 199. Of that Life-giving Plant After many frivolous Disputes concerning the truth of this Tree of Life whether it were Natural c. which is plain from Gen. 2. Vers. 9. where it is said Out of the Ground made the Lord God to grow every Tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for Food The Tree of Life also c. The best account of it is that it was a Tree of wonderful Virtue whose Fruit more Physical than for daily Food tasted sometimes would have prolonged and lengthened out the Lives of Men for many Hundreds or some Thousands of Years A Natural Preservative and Panpharmacon against all Diseases and Decay by which Mankind if sinless had lived for ever Gen. 3. Vers. 23. That is till it had pleased God to have translated em to Heaven without tasting of Death visiting the Grave or seeing Corruption Plant Planta Lat. that of which an Herb or Tree grows of Deinde Feraces Plantae immittuntur nec longum tempus ingens Exiit ad Coelum ramis felicibus arbos Geo. 2. V. 200. What well us'd had been the Pledge of Immortality Satan made use of the Tree of Life only to advance his prospect round God's Garden never thinking or reflecting on the Virtue the hidden mystick Power of that Plant the Type and Figure of the Son of God Saviour of Mankind whose Fruit is Life and Immortality the repining at whose Power was what occasion'd the Rebellion of the laps'd Angels and their ambitious Leader Our Author must in this have respect to some Allegorick sense for 't is unconceivable that Satan could have better'd his sad estate by eating of the Tree of Life for he was already immortal à parte post to his cost and everlasting misery Strange is the Conceipt of Rupertus in his Commentaries on Gen. 2. Vers. 22. Igitur nec Adam cognovit nec ipse Serpens Diabolus scivit quod etiam Lignum Vitae plantasset Dominus Deus in medio Paradisi c. That neither Adam nor the Devil himself knew any thing of the Tree of Life planted in the midst of Paradise For if he had understood there had been a Tree of that vivifying Vertue he would never have persued his Malice by halves but as he perswaded him to eat of the forbidden Tree and thereby to sin and become miserable so he would doubtless have incited him to have tasted of this Tree of Life to have made him Immortal in Immutable Misery Cap. 30. Lib. 3. Comment in Genes V. 209. Of God the Garden was Suitable to Gen. 2. Vers. 8. And the Lord God planted a Garden Eastward in Eden V. 210. Eden stretch'd her Line The Region of Eden in which Paradise was planted extended and stretch'd it self from Auran Eastward to the ancient City of Seleucia seated on Euphrates rebuilt by Grecian Monarchs 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That Eden was the Name of a Country and particularly of Mesopotamia from its Fruitfulness and Amenity well deriving its Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. to be delightful is most certain from the Testimonies of the LXX Translators all the Greek Fathers and the most Learned of the Jewish Rabbins And though St. Hierom has translated Eden by Pleasure Plantaverat autem Dominus Deus Paradisum voluptat is à principio Gen. 2. Vers. 8. very erroneously which is by the Septuagint and our Version exactly render'd and though he has continued the same mistake Vers. 10. Et Fluvius egrediebatur de loco voluptatis And a River went out of the place of Pleasure Eden to water the Garden yet he was ashamed to say that Cain dwelt on the East of Pleasure but has there used the proper Name of the Region Eden Ad Orientalem Plagam Eden Gen. 4. Vers. 16. V. 211. From Auran Eastward Auran A City in Mesopotamia diversly written Haran by the Turks at this day Harran and Haran Charran in Holy Writ memorable for the remove of Abraham to it from Ur in Chaldea Gen. 11. Vers. 31. and Acts 7. Vers. 4. and for the famous overthrow of the Covetous Crassus by the Parthians Miserando Funere Crassus Assyrias Latio Maculavit Sanguine Carras Luc. Lib. 1. This Country was also called Aram and Aramia of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Seat of the Syrians from Aram one of the Sons of Shem Gen. 10. Vers. 22. whence the Region took the Name of Aram and Aran and Auran and Ptolomy dividing Babylonia into three parts gives one of 'em the Name of Auranitis V. 212. Of great Seleucia c. Seleucia a famous City of Mesopotamia on the River Tigris anciently called Chalne and Chalaune as Appian affirms afterwards Coche and then Alexandria being rebuilt by the famous Conqueror of that Name It was again Re-edified by Antiochus King of Syria and by his Fathers Name called Seleucia now Bachad Bagdad and Bagdett a great rich and populous City the Seat of the Califs often mistaken for Babylon forty Miles distant from it and situated on Euphrates V. 214. The Sons of Eden dwelt in Telassar Our Author has bounded Eden by Charran Seleucia and Telassar where the Edenites were Garison'd on the Borders of Babylonia to resist the Assyrians Two Epistles sent by the Nestorian Christians inhabiting Mesopotamia to the Pope in the Year 1552. mention an Island of Eden in the River Tigris commonly called Gozoria See Sir Walter Rawleigh's History Book 1. Chap. 3. Sect. 10. Telassar was a very Strong-hold on a steep Rock in an Island of Euphrates being a Pass out of Mesopotamia into Babylonia and as the Name declares was a Garison maintain'd to curb the Assyrians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Fort a Rampart and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an Assyrian The Children of Eden that were at
v. 749. Express Expressus Lat. manifest apparent V. 359. Supernal Grace Grace sent from God above Supernus Lat. high Enured Bo. 2. v. 216. V. 367. For I have drencht her Eyes For I have shed dewie Sleep into her Eyes which the Latin Translator mistaking has render'd For I have made her weep Ast Eva interea quoniam nunc ejus ocellos Vox mea compuler at Lachrymarum fundere rivum Dormiat hic placidam capiens per membra quietem Rather thus Ast Evae interea medicata papavere multo Lumina cujus hebent placidum sine serpere somnum Drencht wet moisten'd Of the Sax. Drencan to water A Drench is a Medicinal Potion Foresight the seeing of things yet to come the seeing them before they are V. 373. However Chastning How ere it please to punish me Chastning Fr. Chastier Lat. Castigare to correct V. 374. Arming to overcome by Suffering Putting on a Resolution to bear with Patience and with my Constancy to overcome all my Afflictions Quiâ—quid erit superanda est omnis fortuna ferendo AEn 5. V. 377. In the Visions of God As in Scripture the preternatural Revelations of Futurity are call'd And the Spirit brought me in the Visions of God to Jerusalem Ezek. 8. 3. In the Visions of God brought he me into the Land of Israel Ibid. 40. 2. V. 379. The Hemisphere of Earth It was the highest Hill of Paradise from whose lofty Head half the Globe of Earth plain to be seen lay spread out wide in open prospect round Hemisphere Bo. 3. v. 725. Ken Bo. 1. v. 59. Prospect Bo. 3. v. 77. V. 383. Our second Adam Jesus Christ. The second Man is the Lord from Heaven 1 Cor. 15. 47. The last Adam was a quickning Spirit Ibid. v. 45. In the Wilderness and the Devil taking him up into a high Mountain shewed unto him all the Kingdoms of the World Luk. 4. 6. V. 386. Or Modern Fame Of old or late Renown Modern Modernus Lat. new latter V. 388. From the Destin'd Walls of Cambalu From the design'd Walls of Cambalu a great City in Cathaie a Province of Tartary seated on the River Polâ—sanga numerous in Inhabitants and rich in Merchandize the ancient Seat of the Tartarian Chams thence of Cham Lord and Balu a City named in the Tartarian Tongue Kambalu as Paulus Venetus affirms City of the Lord thence Seat of Cathajan Can. Cathaie was anciently known by Scythia extrà montem Imaum It s old Inhabitants the Cathei of Strabo giving it this new Name Destin'd Destinatus Lat. appointed as not being then built V. 389. Sarmacand by Oxus Temir's Throne Sarmacand is a City of Zagathaian Tartary famous for having been the Birth and Burial-place of the mighty Tamerlain where he kept his Royal Residence thence called Temir's Throne Temir Iron of his hardy Courage and Temir-Cutlu happy Iron c. Tamerlain was the Son of Ogg and by the Marriage of the Daughter of Ginocham obtain'd the Tartarian Empire which he so vastly enlarged that he alone subdued more Provinces than all the Romans had done in 800 years when most flourishing at one time he inriched this City with 8000 Camels laden with the Spoils of Damascus only Oxus a River in Zagathaie famous for the overthrow of Cyrus by the Scythians and Sabacham of Zagathaian Tartary by Ismael Sophie of Persia It riseth out of Mount Taurus and falls into the Caspian Sea V. 390. To Paquin of Sinaean Kings As far as Paquin the Royal Seat of the Chinese Kings Paquin Paquina Lat. Pequin Pechinum Lat. is a vast and populous City of China Capital of the Province of Pekin to which their Emperor removed from Naquin in the year 1404 to reside nearer the Tartars their perpetual Enemies and now their Conquerors Sinaean Kings Emperors of China called to this day Sinarum Regio Lat. where Ptolomy the old Geographer placed the Sinae of which China V. 391. To Agra and Lahor of Great Mogul Agra Lat. Capital of the Mogul's Empire is an Indian modern City rich and populous situated in Agra a Province of India beyond the River Ganges Lahor Lahorium Lat. a great City of East-India in a Province of the same Name 360 miles from Agra where the Moguls formerly had their Residence Mogul so called says Heylin as descended from the Mogul Tartars there being others called Sumoguls Jecomoguls c. V. 392. Down to the Golden Chersonese Down as far as to the Golden Peninsula now called the Promontory of Malaca from its chief City is the most Southern Headland of the East-Indies between Sumatra and Borneo two of the Oriental Islands it was known anciently by the name of Aurea Chersonesus Lat. Chersonese 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gr. is a Peninsula a Place almost quite surrounded by the Sea of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Earth and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an Island being almost an Island only tied to the Land by a small Isthmus or Neck of Land This of four others very considerable was named the Golden being very rich by a vast and universal Trade V. 393. The Persian in Ecbatan Ecbatana now Tauris and Tebris by the Inhabitants the ancient Capital of the Kingdom of Persia founded anno 786 once ruined by an Earthquake often sack'd by the Turks and ever since 1603 recover'd and kept by the Persians V. 394. Hispahan Or Hispaham Aspahamum Lat. the Royal City of Persia where the Sophies have resided near 100 years extreamly rich and populous seated in the Province of Hierach part of the ancient Parthia Ibid. Or Rassian Ksar in Mcsco Or the Russian Emperour in Mosco Russia is a vast Country in the North-East part of Europe formerly Sarmatia Europaea Ksar or Czar in the Slavonian Tongue is the Title of their Great Duke now Emperor of Muscovy so called of his Capital City Mosco or Mosqua a Wooden City seated on a River of the same name denominating the whole Nation and Empire V. 395. Or Sultan in Bizance Or the Grand Signior in Constantinople of Tartarian Original Byzantium Lat. now Constantinople is a City of Thrace and Capital of the Turkish Empire so named by Constantine the Great who Rebuilt it and made it the Eastern Seat of the Empire taken by Mahomet the Second The Sultan has his Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Dominion which no Monarch exerciseth more absolutely Turchestan is a Province of Zagathaian Tartary so styled because inhabited by the Turks before their inrode into Armenia V. 396. The Empire of Negus to Ercoco The Empire of Negus is that of the Abâ—ssines whose Emperor is by the Europeans styled Prester John by the Moors Aticlabassi and by his own Subjects Acegue and Neguz that is Emperour and King His mighty Territory stretcheth from the Red Sea to Niger ending in the Ethiopic Ocean and almost from one Tropic to the other anciently called AEthiopia sub AEgypto c. Ibid. Ercoco Erquico Erquicium and by Heylin and others Erroco a Sea-port Town of Ethiopia in Africa having a